THE SECRET LINK

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90-00806R000201150067-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 19, 2010
• Sequence Number: 67
• Publication Date: April 20, 1984
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

STATow
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Volume 16 Number 6
DP.a-~' Pres, dent R e~-
i ! I lease S~Cr r1,~.K;
ou
C, C
Q 00rr+ i.tn Trip vo r a e ?
"it Worries Us Too"
Children's Campaign for Nuclear
Disarmament
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'he Secret Link
-.h Blow
Kohn came to New Haven this
hire Yale's most talented seniors,
and women who were extremely
it. were proficient in a foreign
Jage, knew how to use a com-
and loved their country. In
n for their skills Kohn could offer
careers in one of the world's most
rful institutions. But Kohn does
work for Morgan Stanley, nor
the 40 seniors who heard him talk
ested in working on "all Street.
Kohn is a recruiter for the Cen-
ntelligence Agency.
hn's visit to Yale is an important
of the CIA's largest recruitment
in three decades. With the strong
)rt of President Reagan, the
cy is vigorously looking for new
and turning to universities
the country to find it. At more
f00 schools nationwide, including
itire Ivy League, the CIA is busi-
irching for the spies of the '80 s.
advertisements can now be found
wspapers and magazines from
to coast, from the Los Angeles
to the Wall Street journal,
nts are responding: as many as
resumes reach the CIA in
ington every week.
ional recruitment is only a recent
ation for the CIA. During its be-
rg years the CIA sought its
almost entirely from just three
s: Yale, Harvard and Princeton.
graduates in particular would
to dominate the Agency, giving
familiar tone of a class reunion.
the formation of the CIA in
Yalies have found the world of
,rence an exciting alternative to
)wer pace of academia or the
rs of front-line fighting. Once
shed within the CIA, Yale grad-
;ought out their old friends and
aces to work alongside them,
~g a network of Ivy League con-
is that would control the Agency
:ades.
dis Smith. Larned Professor of
e?, now, says, "Yale influenced
A more than any other institu-
d. The Agency was very much
elite. It was thought of as roman-
tic and mysterious and it attracted the
Big Men on Campus."
Sonic of' the names are familiar:
William F. Buckley, George Bush,
William Sloane Coffin. However.
there were many other Yalies who
entered the CIA whose names and
stories are not so well known. James
Angleton, Jack Downev and Richard
Bissell were part of this group of men.
creating a world of spies where you
could still fraternize with your Yale
classmates.
James Jesus Angleton '39 was
a brilliant but eccentric man. After
graduation from Harvard Law School
Angleton took the advice of his old
English professor at Yale, Norman
Holmes Pearson, and joined the Office
of Strategic Services (OSS), the war-
flushing out Soviet agents. constantly
intent on discovering KGB "moles"
within thet CIA. His critics, however,
thought him paranoid (Angleton con-
sidered them probable Russian agents)
and would by 1974 get him fired,
casting Angleton out of the intelligence
community.
The habits of a spy are deeply in-
grained in Angleton, and he refused to
talk about his career when questioned.
His speech reflecting a lifetime of suspi-
cion, Angleton would only say, "I've
never heard of your magazine. I don't
know what political slant you may
have, or what vol may be truing to
prove. And I don't like talking about
my personal life. I'm sorry, but that's
all I can tell you."
Ex-CIA agent Jack Downey. now
"Yale influenced the CIA more than any
other institution did. The Agency was very
much an Ivy elite."
time predecessor to the CIA. Pearson,
himself a former member of the OSS,
later said that Angleton took to the in-
telligence business "like a dog to
water."
It was in 1943 that Angleton joined
the OSS; by late 1944 he had assumed
control of OSS counter-operations
against the Axis powers in Italy. For
the patriotic 28-year-old, known as
"The Poet" because of his fondness for
Ezra Pound, it was an astonishingly fast
rise to power.
Not surprisingly, Angleton moved
on after the war to the CIA, a fledgling
organization which desperately needed
his expertise, his connections and his
natural aptitude for intelligence. In
1951 he created and headed the Agen-
cy's counter-intelligence division, the
first of its kind in .America. For the
next quarter-century Angleton would
reign as the American master of coun-
ter-intelligence, maybe the best at his
job in the world. He was obsessed with
Chairman of the Connecticut Public
Utility Control Authority and a former
candidate for the U.S. Senate, is not so
secretive. At Yale Downey was a self-
described jock who played on the varsi-
ty football, wrestling and rugby teams-
as Gaddis Smith put it, a Big Man on
Campus. He was an English major
who had the bad luck to graduate in
1951 at the height of the Korean War.
On the advice of Political Science Pro-
fessor Arnold Wolfers, Downey at-
tended a CIA recruitment meeting in
the spring of his senior year. He still
remembers it clearly: "Everyone was
looking for the best deal he could get.
and the CIA was a glamorous option.
Unlike the situation in the Vietnam
War, it was taken for granted that
you'd serve in some way. It was either
the CIA or fight in Korea."
Downey chose the CIA. Unlike An-
gleton, the ex-athlete moved into the
operations side of' the Agency rather
than work in intelligence analysis. He
"flit Nt. S Journal/April 20, 1984 13
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recalls that in training camp "half of
my class was from Yale, Harvard or
Princeton." Despite his decision not to
join the military, Downey was not un-
committed, nor unpatriotic. "My at-
titude," he said, "and that of my Yale
classmates was that the war was a
direct result of a Communist probe
that had to be resisted. We really
believed that the free world depended
on the United States. Today, that must
sound a little naive, but I still think it's
basically accurate."
Downey paid for his convictions
with the loss of 21 years freedom. In
November of 1952 he was captured by
Chinese Communist troops in Man-
churia. He had flown into the country
to meet with a CIA agent working
there, but the rendezvous had gone
wrong; the CIA's plant had been dis-
covered, and Downey and his crew
were ambushed. Until 1973 Downey
was held captive in a Chinese prison,
cut off from the outside world. Finally,
as Cold War tensions were receding
and Richard Nixon was normalizing
relations with China, Jack Downey
was allowed to return home. Eleven
years later he has the humor and
strength to say, "I'd planned to take
some time off after college, but it
turned out to be a lot longer than I had
planned."
While Downey was languishing in a
Chinese prison, another Yale graduate
was working his way up the CIA lad-
der. Confident, brilliant and ambi-
tious, Richard Bissell came from a
background familiar to the intelligence
community: Groton '28, Yale '32.
After teaching at Yale and MIT Bissell
helped formulate the Marshall Plan.
The CIA was a logical next step, and
Bissell joined the Agency in 1954.
With surprising understatement Bissell
now says he joined the CIA simply
because he thought it would be "an in-
teresting job."
Within a year Bissell had assured his
success at intelligence-gathering.
Almost single-handedly he developed
the U-2 reconnaissance plane, a tre-
mendous breakthrough for an intel-
ligence service which, nearly a decade
John Downey
It was taken for granted that you'd serve in
some way. It was either the CIA or fight in
Korea."
after its inception, still knew embar-
rassingly little about the Russians. For
four years U-2 flights boldly took pic-
tures of the Soviet Union until, as one
of Bissell's contemporaries said admir-
ingly, "It was impossible for the Soviets
to lay a sewer pipe in Siberia without
CIA knowing it." Though the U-2 pro-
gram would come to an abrupt end
with the shooting down of Gary
Powers in 1960, Bissell's reputation
was untouchable. By that time he had
already developed the satellites to
replace his plane.
Bissell's extraordinary talents were
quickly noticed by CIA Director Allen
Dulles, who in 1959 made Bissell the
CIA Deputy Director for Plans
(DDP). After less than five years as an
agent, Bissell had become head of the
covert action arm of the CIA. "At the
time," Bissell now says wistfully, "the
political climate for the job was very
favourable, probably more so than at
any time since."
For Bissell covert action often meant
covert assassination. In 1960 he
ordered the death of African leader
Patrice Lumumba through the injec-
tion of a lethal virus into Lumumba's
toothpaste. The plan failed. In that
same year Bissell would supply guns to
the political opponents of Rafael Tru-
jillo, brutal dictator of the Dominican
Republic. Some of these guns would
later show up in the hands of the men
who killed Trujillo.
But because of pressures from John
and Robert Kennedy, Fidel Castro
became the CIA's main target. Work-
ing with old schoolfriend Tracy
Barnes, also a graduate of Groton and
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e, Bissell orchestrated the Bay of
s invasion of Cuba. The overthrow
mpt was it humiliating failure.
"ertheless, Bissell and his as-
iates drew up new and somewhat
arre plans to rid the US of Castro,
lulling poisoning the Cuban's
irs, planting an explosive seashell in
area where he scuba-dived, poison-
his wetsuit, injecting, him with a
tal hypodermic hidden inside a ball-
nt pen and using Mafia hit-men to
t down the Cuban leader. Though
'fully designed to avoid and possi
implication of the United States,
se unlikely plots were all either
-arded or unsuccessful. Bissell's
eer became marked with these fail-
s, and to avoid being fired, he
gned from the CIA in 1962.
i he former agent now lives peace-
fully in Farntin> ton, Connecticut.
where he works as a business consul-
tant. Although it has been over 20 years
since he left the Agrney, Bissell still re-
tains his passionate cornntitntent to
covert action. He claims. "Anyone who
takes that job lot' DUPE knows what
sorts of things he will be involved in. I
had very few doubts of the rightness (it
what I \yas doing."
"My values have not fundamentally
changed," Bissell adds. "Obviously
there were mistakes made, but it'll had
to do it all over again, I would only
change a few small things."
Like Angleton, Bissell will only tell
you as much about his years in the
CIA as he thinks you need to know.
"From my point of view, the less pub-
licity concerning the CIA, the better.
Though I feel some obligation to talk
to the press. I also strongly believe that
there a e areas of government which
require different standards of morality
and privacy to perform their function.
And the function of the CIA is very
important indeed."
Angleton, Downey and Bissell were
only three of dozens of Yale graduates
who joined the CIA in the late 1940s
and throughout the 1950 s. Over the
course of the next two decades, how-
ever, Yale students' enthusiasm for
CIA careers vanished. One reason was
simply that the Agency had by this
time become an established organiza-
tion which needed fewer employees
than in its early ears. In addition, the
American public. increasingly opposed
to anti-Communist intervention as the
Vietnam War dragged on, grew hostile
to the CIA, which was dedicated to
anti-Communist activities. What Agen-
cy recuitment there was came more and
more from Catholic universities in the
midwest like Notre Dame. Yale itself
changed from being a center of CIA
recruitment to a center of CIA resent-
ment. During the war years and be-
yond, the number of students attending
CIA recruitment meetings dropped
steadily. In 1975-the same year Presi-
dent Ford formed a Senate committee
to investigate the legality of CIA ac-
tivities-student pressure forced the
Agency to hold its recruitment meetings
at the Park Plaza Hotel rather than on
campus.
Yale Associate History Professor
Gregg Herke'n interned with the CI.A
in ill(' summer 01' 1971. when he was it
graduate student at Princeton. "It was
bad enough to do that," Herken recalls,
"hut if it was known that you were
recruiting fir the CIA, you were liable
to get rocks thrown through your win-
dows."
Herken, who left the CIA after that
summer, adds that-in the 1950s the
w'hote concept of 'For God, firr Coun-
try and for Yale' was a very strong in-
fluencc on students here. Back then
there was no question that if you were
working for the government you were
doing God's work. That idea had cer-
tainly changed by the 1970s."
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Bissell agrees, charging 1970s
America with "an alienation from
post-war values and a suspicion of
government" that crippled the effec-
tiveness of the CIA. "All the anti-CIA
publicity of the 1970's was very had for
Agency morale," he said. "The CIA just
gave up on a number of important
operations, and its relations with other
intelligence organizations were severely
damaged."
By 1980 student attitudes had
changed and the CIA returned its re-
cruiting operation to the Yale campus.
Since then the number of students in-
terested in a career with the Agency
has risen over 300 percent in just four
years. What has sparked the CIA's
rejuvenated appeal at Yale? Political
Scientist H. Bradford Westerfield,
Yale's leading expert on the CIA, at-
tributes its renewed appeal to a "New
Conservatism."
"This is the, CIA's second great
recruiting era," Westerfield said. "In the
1950s there was a sense that we had our
backs up against the wall. In the 1970s
there was indifference, if not revulsion,
to that sense of mission. And now, there
seems to be a sense of excitement, a new
concern for world affairs."
John Dohring, a former Yale student
and now the CIA's Deputy Director for
Employment, agrees with Westerfield.
"We find that there's a growing na-
tionalism among today's students,"
Dohring said. "Back in the early 1970s
we had bad luck at colleges. Now,
students are again recognizing the im-
portance of the US role in world
affairs."
One of the students who went to
hear Steve Kohn speak was David
Wecht, a senior in Timothy Dwight.
According to Wecht, "I interviewed
with the CIA for several reasons. I'm
interested in international affairs-
Brad Westerfield is my adviser- I'd like
to
it
Cards and gifts for graduation
942 Chapel St.
nn the Green
776-3926
Open 10-5:30
Bissell ordered the death of African leader
Patrice Lumumba through the injection of a
lethal virus into Lumumba's toothpaste.
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,ter Davies
"Trying to settle working for the CIA with
my own code of ethics is not something I'd
want to do."
work for the government and I have
a deep moral qualms about working
r the CIA.--
Fred Anscombe is another senior in-
rested in working for the govern-
ient. He's already interviewed with
ie National Security Agency but
apes to get a job with the CIA. Accor-
in,t; to Anscombe. "my main interest
in the different political situations in
rious countries. Whatever I do, it'll
robably be with the government, but
iy main attraction is to the CIA
cause I'd have access to information
at I wouldn't be able to get otherwise
which \\ bold give me great personal
tisfaction."
Another of Westerfield's students,
vier Davies, did consider interyiew-
g but decided that he would have
oral doubts about working for the
IA. Davie; says that "my interest in
e CIA v%;I, mostly academic. I think
it's something you ought to know
about. Though I did think about inter-
Vie\ying with them- I decided that I
wouldn't feel comfortable with sonic of
the CIA's activities in the past. 'I-rying
to settle working for the CIA with toy
own code of ethics is not something I'd
want to do."
What kind of student does the CIA
want? John Dohring claims with ob-
vious pride, "We look only at the best
schools. We have a vital mission to per-
form: to get the best information to the
President. Consequently we have to
have the best intelligence agency in the
world. And that means hiring only the
very best this country as to offer."
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