SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT KUZMINSKIY, A. S. - KUZMINSKIY, A. S.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000928110007-3
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 20, 2000
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

2688
S/08 ?1/000/013/023/028
Aging of rubbers in oils B1171YS2031
between 60 and 8000, and 9 koal/mole in oil at >8000. This reduction is
due to the effect of oil on rubber oxidation at high temperatures.
17 kcal/mole for the aging of stretched rubber in oil. [Abstracter's
notei Complete translation.]
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26882
8/081/61/000/013/022/028
3117YB203
AUTHOM Degtevaj To G.p Nomovq Yu, As, Lazarenko# Ya. P., Fedorovaq
V. G## Kuztminakiyg A. S'4
TITLEt Aging of rubber paokings in oil
PERIODICALt Reforativnyy zhurnal. Xhimiyag no , 139 19611 6539 abstract
10331 (Tr. N.-i. in-ta rezin, prom-sti, ob. 6, ig6o, 69-83)
TPM o The authors developed a quick method of estimating the service life
of QH-18 (SKN-1.8) packing rings in oil at-2000. Tests were made in
special imitators simulating the paokings of machines. Rubber rings
0
originally compressed to 10-30% aged between 60 and 80 0. Deformation and
radial compression were periodically measured. A contact pressure of
2-5 kg/cM2 is sufficient to make the packing complet sly tight at 200 C. In
this connection,,--100% of the permanent elongation (E) is accumulated,
and the stress nearly vanishes. ifter finding the kinetic curves for' the
accumulation ofE the authors determined the apparent activation energy
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Aging of rubber paokings in oil
6/66i/61/000/013/022/028
B117/B203
of aging and the service life of packings in joints at 250C, the latter
being about-10 years (oonsid0ring the correction factor). The service life
wab practically calculated for E80%. For packings operating at -6000, the
critical value of the contact pressure required for a perfect seal rose
2
from 7-5 UP to 13 kg/om Leakiness is related with the lose in elastic
properties of the rubber. fibstraoterle notes Complete translation.
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EJZ'M1NS11j,_L�.,_d -tor khtmicheskikh nauk- FELIDSHMN, L.S.;
9k
RETTLINGER. S.A., kand.tekhn.aauk
Surface crystallization of the ingredients of rubber mixtures.
Trudy NIIRP no. 6:84-91 160. (HIRA 13:12)
(Rubber)

1!, 00
26880
8/081/61/000/013/020/028
2117/3203
AUTHORSe Angert, L. G.9 Zenchonkot As Lf Kuz'minskiY, A. S.
TITLEs Volatilization of ingredients from rubbers
PERIODICALt Referativnyy zhurnal. Xhimiyaj no. 13, 1961, 652, abstract
1Y9328 (Tr. N.-i. in-ta razin. prom-stis ob. 6, ig6o, 92-101)
TEM The authors studied the kinetics of volatilization of Neozone D in
N flow from CKG(SKB) plates with a standard surface and given thickness
2
(h). The kinetic curves were described with an equation of the type
0/00 exp(-kt)] (I)f where C is the amount of ingredient volatilized
at the instant t# in % by weight of rubber; C the initial amount of the
0
ingredientl and K the rate ~O'nstant of volatilization. The activation
energy (E) of the process is 14 kcal/mole. The.equation
[~xp (-E/RT)3 [ (w+l(b + to t)] (I + aC,,)/h (II) was derived on the
basis of the found dependences of K on temperature (T), flow velocity of
the gas (tut), Co, and h. K is a constant depending on the nature of the
0
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26880
S/O81/61/000/013/020/028
Volatilization of ingredients from rubbers B117/B203
substance studied and of the polymer. a and b are * erimentally found.
The loss of ingredient can be calculated from (I) "III) for various
polymers and toot conditions. The volatilization rate decreases in the
order of polymerst polyethylenenluorine rubber7polybutadione rubber>CJ(C-30
(SKS-30)>Q#-26 (80-26),~Pnairit (this agrees with data on the change in
solubility)i volatilization of SKB is slowed down by introduction of filler,
more by channel black than by chalk. In radiation vulcani2ates of SKB,
volatilization is slowed down by an increase in density of the lattice.
EAbstracter's notat Complete translation.]
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XUVNOSKlr, -As~.-,--doktor
: BORKOVA, L.Y.
Avolution of bvdrogen sulfide during the vulcanization of
ebonite. Trudy BURP no. 7:67-73 160. (MIRA 14:1)
(Rubber) Otrdrogen sulfide)

85656
S/138/60/000/009/003/012
2 2.Dq ~
Lal A051/AO29
.AUTHORS: Angert, L.G.; Kuzlminskiy, A.S.
TITLE:
Aging of Rubbers Vulcanized with Thiuramdisulfides
PERIODICAL: Kauchuk I Rezina, 1960, No. 9, pp. 15 - 20
TEXT; The aging regularities of thiuramd1sul fide-Trulcanized rubbers (i.e.,
thiuram rubbers) and the causes of their heat resistance were st-Lidied. The CKS
(M) polybutadiene polymer was used as the obJect of investigation, as well as
its non-filled and partially-filled vulcanizates. The aging process of the Mate-
riald was'tharacterized by the-oxidation kinetics, which, in turn, was determined
on a "micro-oxidation apparatus" (Ref. 5). The stability index was determined by
the oxidation rate in an induction period and by the duration of this period. The
change in structure of the vuloanizate during the agln~ process was determined by
the magnitude of thq static modulus, i.e., the vulsanizatq modulus determined af-
ter 3 hours of relaxation of tension In the sample,at a constant load, The ter-
peratlure range of the investigation was between 130 - 1500C. The effect of the
presence of zinc oxide In the rubber mixture on the heat-resistance of the vul-
canizates was determined. A high heat-resistance was obtained In the presence
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i7

85'656
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Aging of Rubbers Vulcanized with Thiuramdisulfides AO.51/AO29
of zinc dithlocarbamates, which are effective inhibitors of the oxidation process.
They are formed by a reaction between the zinc oxide and t,he dltblowbamic -acld.
In the oxidation of the I vulcanizate, from which all free ingredients were ex-
tracted, the induction period was absent, an autocatalytic process began at the
start, and the sample rapidly deteriorated, since in this ciase the p-ire polymer
was subjected to oxidation, encased primarily by transverse bonds of the C-S-1,
type. Thus, the effects of the Individual free components on the oxidation pro-
cess of vulcanizate I were investigated, and It was noted that. zinc oxide hardly
affects the oxidation process, thiuram has only a slight effect ~nd zinc diethyl-,
dithiocarbamate is a strong inhibitor, especially at. a temperature of, 130PC. How-
evar, the latter does not inhibit the process of thermal change of the rubber
when oxygen Is absent. In investigating the reaction mechanism of the dithiocar-
bamates as oxidation inhibitors it was found that during the Inhibition process
part of the zino dithiocarbamate gradually reacts with "he molecules of the poly-
mer, as a result of -the interaction of the dithiocarbamate with the ROO', RO' or
R' radicals, or with the intermediate, non-stable products, si-zh as ROOH, RCHO,
forming during the oxidation of the polymer. The data obta~_npd revealed that
d1thiocarbamate could not act as an Inhibitor of the thermal change in the poly--
mer, and therefore, does not react with hydrocarbon rad-Ica.1 (R'). Its action
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Aging of Rubbers Vulcanized with Thiuramidisulfides A051/AO29
should be directed at oxygen-containing active centers of the polymer being oxid-lz-
ed. In studying the effect of the mutual action of dithiocarbamate and phenyl-jq
-naphthylamine on the rubber aging process it was seen that the addition of phenyl-
JO-naphthylamine to a nonfilled thiuram vulcanizate (gontaining dithiocarbamate)
is rather effective. However, the effect of phenyl-p-naphtbylamine In filled
thiuram rubbers depends on the rubber contained in it. Phenyl-~-naphthylamine
and dithlooarbamate taken together are most effective as inhibitors. The most
effective salts of dithiocarbamic acid as oxidation inhibitors proved to be the
ethyl and butyl derivatives of z.ino, copper and bismuth dithiocarbamates. These
compounds should be used in combination with antioxidants of the amino-class in
order to increase the aging resistance of a number of other types of rubbers.
There are 8 figures and 18 references: 9 Soviet, 8 &glish, 1 German.
ASSOCIATION: Nauchno-issledovatellskiy institut rezinovoy promyshlennosti (Scien-
tifia-Research Institute of the RubbeEjEdustry).
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S/1300/000/011/004/010
A051/A029
AUTHORSs Kuz'minsk Frankel', R.Sh.
=S
TITLEs Investigating ihe Effe ots of Scorching on the Properties
of Rubber
PERIODICAM Kauchuk i rezinal 1960, No. 11, pp-18-20
TEXTs The authors point out the formation of transverse bonds in the
case of scorching, leading to a wide range of changes in the vulcanization
lattice density. Attentio7n is drawn to the fact that in addition to the
transverse bonds being broken when rubber is processed on rollers, destruc-
tion and a branching of the molecular chains can also occur which in turn
affect the physical and mechanical properties of rubbers. The authors have
attempted to estimate the degree to which scorching of mixtures can be
permitted without causing a significant drop in the mechanical properties
of the vulcanizates. A study was also made of the effect of the nature of
the destroyed mono- or polysulfide bonds, on the technological properties
of the mixtures and on the mechanical indices of rubbers. Vuleanizattis of
non-filled mixtures based on natural rubber without sulfur and with thiuram
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A0517A0"29
Investigating the Effects of Scorching on the Properties of Rubber
and vulcanizatee with sulfur containingAtr(DFG) were chosen as the
objects to be investigated. The vulcanization of the mixtures was carried
out for various periods of time in order to produce vulcanizates differing
in their density of the spatial lattice and the vulcanizates obtained were
processed on cold rollers. The density of the traneverge bonds was deter-
mined by the method of the equilibrium coefficient. FJgs- 1-3 show the
change in the plasticity according to Carriere, of vuicaiiizates witk,
different thickness of the lattice, when processed on the rollers. It was
seen that vuloanizates containing monos~lfide and polysulfide bonds with
an equilibrium coefficient of 3-4 kg/am rapidly deteriorate on the rollers
and immediately form a stable skin. Vulcanizates with higher values of
the equilibrium'coefficients were also found to pass into the plastic state
It was noted that the greater is the density of the space lattice, the
longer the duration of the rolling process whereby the vulcanizates with
monosulfide bonds passed into the plastic state more rapidly than those
and 2 list the physico-machanical
with polysulfide bonds. Tables
properties and aging resist4nee of rubbers obtained from reclaimed
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s/l3ej6O/OOO/Oll/OO4/OXO
A051/AO29

Invistig'ating'the'Effeots;6f,,'-,'i66rohi~g on the Properties of Rubber
10 '
'
,
'
'
:
:
seen that
is
:-typee Prom. these data it is
vuloanizat
lavifig
iftAq
bnd
'
'
'
'
I
thell
with an increase in
vulcanizatee with the mono.
de
.-thiOness An
or polysulfids bonde,the physioo-moohanioal properties of the rubbers
produced from ihesevuloaniz4t6s decrease. The following conclusions are
drawns. 1) When vuloanizites:oontaining transverse bonds a~e processed on
rollers they.are converted to th .e plastic 2tats, 2) Vuloanizates with an
deteriorate on the
e
uilibrium coefficient not ov
idl
m ra
3-4 k
/
or
o
q
p
y
g
~rollers and immediately form,a stable skin. With an increase in the thick-
less of the lattice of the vuloanizates, a lengthy processing time is
3) Vulcanilzates
squired in order to corvert these to the
lastic state

2 0 ., .
,
.
p
jith monosulfide bonds pass more rapidly into the plastic state than
those with polyaulfide bonds. 4) With an increase in the thickness of the
4ulcanize-tes with mono- and po2youlfide bonds the phyeico-mochanical
i properties drop ih rubbers,obtained from these vulcanizates. The aging
kesistanoe of the vulcanizates obtained from monoeulfida bond material
25 aces not change with an inor:eass in the thickness of the lattice and in
iubbers prepared from,vulcanizates with polysulfide bonds it sharply falls .';
'bard 10
3o

el/13BJ60/000/011/004/010
A051/AO29
Investigating tbo,Effpo hinj"pa the Properties of Rubber
8'.0 Ocro
There are 2 table "3''grap 8,,An oviet referenoas..
ASSOCIATIONs Nauohno"is4ledovatol-takiy institut rezinovoy promyahlennosti
(SoientifioReseirch Institute of the Rubber Industry)
Fi& 1:
Vertical legends
Plasticity according to.-Carriere
Horizontal legends
rolling duration, min,
Change in the plasticity of tho,
0
-S vulcanizates with monosulfide
bonds In rolling.
1-vulcanizate with an initial
equilibrig coeffioien 2
It Sf 1-7, WOM, n 1,7 x x 4 7so .0 Ya jV 90
55

S11381601000101110041010
A051/AO29
Investigating the Effects or Scorching on the Properties of Rubber
Fig.'2.
Vertical legendt
Plasticity according to Carriere
Horizontal legendt
rolling duration, min.
hange in the plasticity of the vulcaji.Lzazes with polysulfide bonds in
olling: 1-vulcanizate with initial e ilibrium coefficient of 1.7 kg/cm2
2 6~u 2 2
3*-0 kg/cm2, 3-6.0 kg/cm 4-11-0 k cm 5-18.8 k9/cm
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A051/AO29
InYe3tigating the Effect of Scorching on the Properties of Rubber
Fig. 3:
Vertical legend:
sz
Plasticity according to Carriere 2 j
Horizontal legend: ai
rolling,duration, min.
tt"'n 33~04-0
Plasticity change in vulcanizates witu varoun oomnuaxs during rolling:
1-vulcanizates with initial equilibrium coefficient of 1.7 kg/CM2
2-3.0 kg/cm2 , 3-4.0 kg/CM2

S/138,/60/000/011/004/010
A051/AO29
.Investigating the Effect of Scorching on the Pr operties of Rubber
Table 1 t Physico-mechanical properties and agi ng -resistance o:' ru bbers produced
:from vulcanizates containing monosulfide bonds
(7)

IL KogOnquen. Temmoso.
ro mpexxit sipN 100
epa 24 %m
V
Tim cum' I f Chi
C,
Z_
Q)
& Q
q no conpo.
TNBMNNIO _
no OTHOM
T"Latomy
P-Puty ywx-"111~

HCXOAHaX . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
lb SyMaMMUTa C pasuonecHum wAyaw 1.7 xelaul, 15 228 800 4 50 11,3 0,95 0.93
sa=osmoro 7 xHH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * 9 157 700 6 55 10,1 0.94 0.87
H3 MYAKSHHUTA C PABHOMMUM wAyAw 3.0 xelcAl,
aamAoaanoro 7 MHH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 150 700 6 50 9.0 0.82 0.85
tb symamm c paaHosecmum WAY-Rem 6.0 xelcAt',
4 20 5
1 '

awmwaamtoro
0 uHH . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
710
4 35 8.1 0,71
0,87
H3 BYAX81IM38TR C POBHOBtCHMM MOAYAeU X21CA2.
natkoamoro 40 mim. 25 120 735 5 23 6,8 0.67 0.90
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A051/AO29
Investigating the Effect of Scorching on the Properties of Rubber
Table'l (continued): 1 mixture type; 2 vulcanization duration at 4 atm, min;
tear-resistance, kpcm2; (IL~ relative elo5gation, %; n residual elongation
coefficient at 500%, elongation, kg/cm ; C7) equillUrium coefficient,
kg/cMV; ro'~coefficient of thermal aging at 1000C, after 24 h- (_9_111 according to
according to relative elongation;
tear-resistance; 11 in tial; from
~ 2(9
vulcanizates with an equilibrium coefficient of 1.7 kg/cm , rolled for 7 min;
from vulcanizates with an equilibrium coefficient of 3.0 kg/cm2, rolled for 7 min;
104 from vulcanizates with an equilibrium coefficient of 6.0 kg/CM2, rolled for
40 min; (Q50 from vulcanizates with an equilibrium coefficient of 11 kg/cm2,
rolled for min.
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N.

S/138/60/ow/011/004/010
A051/AO29
Investigating the Effect of Scorching on the P roperties of Rubber
Table 2: Physico-mechanical properties and ag ing resis tance of rubbers produced
from vulcanizates containing polysulfide bonds
K030mmenT 79-0
Pwan nPM

R 2
47 4ma
F

Tprr cuftm

14"OA &R
u P65 770 12 30 18.8 0.66 0.85
mwa c pawionecHum wAyaem 1.7 icelcit'.
malm
82 M3 'P
.
nimunmHoro 7 wi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 250 620 16 39 19,3 0.6 0,89.
V13 Byzxamm3sTa c pawsonecmum moAynem 3.0 Waul.

manbuouKHora 10 mHH . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14 195 590 12 31 14 0.5 0.8
(D4 1b 11YAKaHOSTS C poettoiteciium NwAyiiem 6, 0, icelcxl.
BaAbLIODSHHoro 40 mHtt . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 160 590 14 32 13 0.21 0.44
M3 lByAVSHM3aTB d paBHooecitum moAyjiem I I xe/~A
U5
20
34
12
0
13
0
34
BaftbuouaRHoro 40 will . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 155 5W . .

13 BYAK3HH3aTA C aDuozecubim moAynem 18.8. xelcAill. -
:

.18
119

UUtl a 92 5*, 0 12 22 16 Oll
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Investigating the Effect of Scorching on the Properties of Rubber
able 2 (continued): I Ixt e t D; 2 vulcanization duration at 4 atm, min;
m UT4 ryplative elongation, %;
tear-resistance, kg/cm2; 0 T residual elongation,
'07 equilibrium coefficient,
ion
(6, co fficient at 500% elongat kg./cm2;
? , t g 0
g/ m 8 coeffiq~ent of thermal aging at 1000C, after 24h; & acco 9
k
tear-resistance; UO according to relative elongation; initial; rall from
vulcanizates with aix aquilibrium coefficient of 1.7 kg/cm2, rolled for 7 min; 0
from vulcanizates with an equilibrium coefficient of 3.0 kg/cm~2, rolled for 10 min;
(D4 from vulcanizates with an equilibrium coefficient of'6.0 kg/cm2' rolled for
40 min; ~3 from vulcanizates with an equilibrium coefficient of 18.8 kg/cm2,
rolled for 90 min.
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8/030/60/000/011/006/026
i SOS 000 B021/BO59
AUTHORS: Neyman, M. B., Doctor of Chemical Sciences
KuZiminskly,A. S., Doctor of Chemical Sciences
Angert. L. =..andidate Gf Chemical Sciences
TITLE: Scientific Problems of Polym AStabilization
PERIODICAL: Vestnik Akademil nauk SSSR, 1960, No. 11, pp. 36-50
TEXT: This paper on the present state and future trends of Soviet research
in the field of polymer stabilization is dedicated in its first part to
the problem of aging and stabilization of plastic masses, in its second
part to the-same problems for rubbers. Degradation of poly-mers under the
action of heat, oxygen, light, and radioactive radiation is discussed. Under
exteftal affections linkage, formation of structure between the polymer
molecules may occur. Degradation as well as structuration lead to unwanted
changes of mechanical and electrical properties of polymeric materials.
Oxidation inhibitors, photostabilizers, aging inhibitors and other Ingre-
dients must be added to polymers in order to guarantee their working and to
satisfy technical requirements. Therefore, production of polymers and of
various stabilizers must be developed in parallel. Since years K. I. Ivanov
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8623o
Scientific Problems of Polymer Stabilization 3/030/60/000/011/006/026
B021/BO59
and collaborators have been investigating the mechanism of oxidation
inhibition of lubricants. Shortl:? ago it was shown in S. S. Medvedev's
laboratory that formic acid and formataB inhibit oxidizing of hydrocarbons
and of some polymers. and collab
A. S. DWYushftvjh1y yrators investigated
a large number of stabilizerev"for polyvinylehloride. A. A. Berlin investi-
gated stabilization of polyvinylchloride with epoxy compFu_nds.-T=e mechan-
ism of the oxidation of organic substances, among them also polymere',was
explained by a theory of H. N. Semenov, At the Institut khimicheskoy fiziki
Akademii nauk SSSR (Institute of Chemical Physics of the Academy of Scien-
C--P.R TTqSg) it was shown short time ago that during a mild oxidation of some
oxidation inhibitors, stable radicals1may form, which were discovered by
means of the method of electron paramagnetic resonance (Fig. 1). The action
of inhibitors is explained according to a theory by N. N. Semenov. Measure-
ments of the induction period and its dependence on inhibitor concentration
are mentioned. _P. I. Levin and A. F. Lukovnikov investigated in the labora-
tory of the Institute of Chemical Physics a number of mixtures of meroaptene
and sulfides with aromatic amines as inhibitors of thermal oxidation. It
is possible to measure the diffusion coefficients of stabilizers with
~great accuracy by using the method of tagging with radioactive isotopes.
This was shown by B. A. Gromov, V. B.. Miller, and Yu. A. ShjyARLikov. The
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86230
Scientific Problems of Polymer Stabilization 3/030/60/000/011/006/026
B021/BC59
problem of finding appropriate inhibitor combination8 for plastics should
be solved not only by the Institutes of the Akademiya nauk SSSR (Academy
of Sciences USSR) and the Academies of Sciences of the Republics of the
Union, but also by the Institutes of the Gosudarstvennyy komitet Soveta
Ministrov SSSR po khimli (State Committee of Chemistry of the Council of
Ministers USSR) and the laboratories of the schools of higher learning.
This paper deals only wiph a few problems of the manifold rubbers since
many articles have been4jevoted to that task already. The chief reason for
thermal aging of rubber\at temperaturesbelow 1500C is an oxidation of poly-
meric molecules with-atmospheric oxygen. Secondary amines and phenols serve
as oxidation inhibitors of rubber. The aging processes of rubbers are ren-
dered complicated by various impurities. Aging of vulcanized rubbers is dif-
ferent in this respect from ordinary rubber, chiefly because of a number
of various free and bound components. The Nauchnyy sovet po vysokomoleku-
lyarnym soyedineniyam (Scientific Council for Highmolecular Compound,s) at
the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences USSR, together with the State
Committee of Chemistry of the Council of Ministers USSR, on June 6, 1960,
adopied a joint resolution concerning the development of scientific and
industrial research on the stabilization of polymers. This resolution
provides the organization of a new laboratory cf the Academy of Sciences
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86236b
Scientific Problems of Polymer Stabilization S/030/60/000/011/006/026
B021/BO59
USSR in Gorlkiy for the synthesis of stabilizers for the purpose of find-
ing new types of inhibitors. A number ~f laboratories and test plants for
the same purpose is planned for Tambov.,The Institute of Chemical Physics
and its Hoginskiy filial (Nogins~ -Branch) are expanding their research work
on polymers. The following institutes of the Academy of Sciences USSR are
intended to be charged with these investigations: Institut elementoorgani-
cheskikh soyedineniy (Institute of Elemental-organic Compounds), Institut
vysokomolekulyarnykh soyedinenly (155TITute or Hignmolecular ompounds),
as well as the laboratories of the Moskovskly universitet (Moscow Universi-
ty), Moskovskiy tekstillnyy institut (Moscow Textile Institu_TiT~ 6f the
Kazanskiy khimiko-.tekhnologicheskly institut (Kazan' Institute of Chemical
Technology), and of a number of schools of high-e-r-Te-arning. The laboratories
of the following instizutee shall be enlarged and new ones for the stabili-
zation of polymers are planned: FizikG-khimichaskiy institut im. L. Ya.
Karpova (Physicochemical Institute Imeni L. Ya. Karpov), Institut plasti-
cheskikh mass (Plastics Institute)-, Institut polimerizatsionnykh plasti-
cheskikh mass (Institute of Polymerized Plastics), In8titut sinteticheskogo
kauchuka (Institute of Synthetic Rubber), Institut rezincvoy promyshlennos-
ti (Institute of the Rubber Industry), Institut shinnoy promyshlennosli
(Institute of Tire Manufa~turln and Institut iskui3stvennogo volokna
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Soientific Problems of Polymer Stabilization S/030/60/000/011/006/026
B021/BO59
(Institute of Synthetic Fiber). A commission with Academician V. A. Kargin
in the chair is entrusted with the coordination of the studies on the
stabilization of polymers and with the preparation of construction plans
for test plants for the sovnarkhoz. In 1961, the Institute df Chemical
Physics intends to convene a special conferen-.e for the purpose of
generalizing work in the field of the degradation and stabilization of
polymers. There are 4 figures and 20 references: 17 Soviet, 2 US, and
1 British.
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-~R

KMIMNSKIX,-AAS;; BASS, S.I.
Summing up the results of the International Symposium on Hacro-
molecular Chemistry In 1960. Kauch.i rez. 19 no.loti-6 0 160.
(Maord,molecular compow2ds-Congressea) (MIRA 13:10)

!! ~g 3~-~ - ; FRIUMI, R.Sh.
Iffect of premature vulcanization on the properties of rubber.
Kauch. i res. 19 no. llilB-20 N 160. (MIU 13:11)
1. %uchno-iseledovatellekly Inatitut rezinovoy promyshlennosti.
(Vulcanization)

68699
1-5- 0 S/069/60/022/01/001/025
D034/DO03
AUTHOR: Angert, L.G., Zenchenko, A.I., Kuzlminskiy, A.S.
TITLE; Volatilization of Ingredients from Polymers
IPERIODICAL: Kolloidnyy zhurnal, 1960., VoliUl, Nr 1, pp 2-8 (MSR)
ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out to establish the
empiric rules characterizing the behaviour of ingredients
in caoutchouc and rubber under various conditions, and
also to consider the problem from the theoretical stand-
point.,E)bjec )f the study was the volatilization of an
antioxidant.l!~phoenyl-'O-naphthylamind, from a rubber plate,
while heating the latter in a gas current. The investi-
ation method was as follows: Sodium butadiene rubberl~'
MB, withou antioxidant) was mixed on micro-rollers
with phenyl_~naphthylamine. From the mixture obtained,
plates of a given thickness were pressed. The volatiliza-
tion of the antioxidant from a caoutchouc plate with
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D034/DO03
Volatilization of Ingredients from Polymers
standard surface (150 X 10 mm) was carried out in a glass
tube 18 mm in diameter, the caoutchouc sample being
placed on a glass support. The tube was laid into a bori-
zontal tube fur*ce heated with a silicone linid which
was forced in from a Vobser (sic) thermostat see dia-
gram). The nitrogen current passing through the tube
carried the vapors of the antioxidant from the heated tube
section into an attached trap immersed into a cooling . ~
mixture. The antioxidant condensing in the trap was-.quan-
titatively determined with the colorimetric method. The *
volatilization process was studied at temperatures above
100 C. The rate of volatilization of the antioxidant
was determined with-respect to the velocity of the nitro-
gen current passing over the plate, to the plate thick-
ness and to the initial concentration of the ingredient.
The activation energy of the volatilization process is
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68699
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D034/DO03
Volatilization of Ingredients from Polymers
equal to,.14,0 kcal/mole. It could e observed tha the
rate of volatilization ofpheRIN-naphthylamineM-
creasesoln tceirdanc2lwith
: p ye 'hy. ene> uororutNeerfo-119A]'*7 W!SO'f 997--
rs '7 -7
19,~::,nairite, The rate of volatilization sharply falls
with increasing-density of the three-dimensional net-
work of the vulcanizate and also declines in the pre-
sence of a fille'r. The proposed mechanism of this vola-
tilization process was con-firmed by corresponding theo-
retical calculations, as a result of which the equation
e - 4t
= 1 - e R (13)
0
(c - amount of ingredient volatilizing during the period
t; co - initial amount of ingredient in the rubber (per-
cent by weight); m - constant; R - thickness of rubber
plate (in cm)) could be found. The vulcanisates used to
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D034/DOO3
Volatilization of Ingredients from Polymers
show the rate of volatilization in dependence on the
three-dimensional network of rubber specimens were pre-
pared by treating 1 mm thick caoutchouc-plates with X-
-ray tubes for radiochemical investigations of the type
TRT.~-ZA (developed by the Institut fizicheskoy khimii
AN'SSSR - Institute of Physical Chemistr AS U SR),
onditions of the tubes of 80
under nomina wor Ing C
kw and 200 ma. There are 1 diagram, 3 graphs and 18
references, 10 of which are Soviet, 7 English, and 1
German.
ASSOCIATION: 'Nauchno-issledovatel9skiy institut rezinovoy promysh-
lennosti.. Moskva (Scientific Research Institute of tjhe_
Rubber Industry, Moscow)
SUBMITTED: December 7, 1958.
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S/080/60/033/005/008/008
AUTHORSt Kuzlminsklz. A. ., Oolldfarb.-Ya.L., Fedoroy- B.P. ` Zenchenko.
Oorushkina, G.I., Angert,
L.G.
T=: The Synthesis of Some ThlophenelDerivatives and the Study of
Their Behavior as Rubber Ingredients (Accelerante and Anti-
oxidants). Communication 2.
FFRIODICAL: Zhurnal prikladnoy khIm1i, 1960, Vol 33, No 5, PP 1182 - '87
TEXTz Some azomethines of the thiophene series are aoceleranta~f the
vulcanization process [Ref 1], some of them being also &ntTz_ep_t_i_csTRef 2]
which is Important for the cable industry. The most suitable azometh:Lnea
are those containing hydroxyl groups. Other substances of this type were
synthesized, therefore, which differed only in the position of the hydroxyl
groupq. The following substances were synthesized- bis-[2-thenylidenel-
hydrazine, bls-[5-metbyl-2-thenylidene]-hydrazine, bis-(2-thenylidene]-p- -
phenylenediamine, 51-metbyl-21-thenylidene-6-amino-2-moreaptobenzothiazole,
5-methyl-2-thenylidene-o-aminophanol and 21-oxybenzflidene-2-therylamine,
as well as two now sulfidesi [ ~ -oxyethyl]-2-thenylsulfide and 2-thenyl-
In-oxyphenyll-sulfide. The two sulfides mentioned and 2'-thenylidene-6-
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S/080/60/033/005/008/008
The Synthesis of Some Thiophene Derivatives and the Study of Their Behavior
as Rubber Ingredients (Accelerants and Antioxidants). Communication 2.
amino-2-mercaptobenzothiazole and 6-amino-2-mereaptobanzothiazole are
accelerants, but their efficiency is leas than that of moreaptobanzothiazole.
It was wildent that the hydrc3tyl group positively affects the accelerating
action of the compounds, if it is located in the para-state of the benzene
ring. The introduction of molecules of mercaptobenzothiazole of the amino-
group into the benzene ring decreases the efficienoy of the compound. A
further complication of the molecule decreases the efficiency still more.
The cause of these phenomena is not known at the present time. The principal
role in the accelerating action of the compounds considered is played by the
hydroxyl group.
There are 4 tables and 5 references: 2 Soviet, 2 English and 1 German.
SUBMITTED: August 20, 1959
Card 2/2

S/020/60/135/006/028/037
B004/BO56
AUTHORSs Lyubehanakaya, L. I~ and _Kuz'minsk~jj_4,. S.
TITLEs The Destruction of Molecular Chains and the Decomposition of
Cross Links in the Aging of Vulcanizates
PERIODICALt Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, ig6o, vol, 135, No. 6,
pp. 1436 - 1438
TEXTs It is the purpose of the present paper to clear up the problem as
to what structural elements of vulcanizates undergo aging. The chemical
relaxation of the strain of various vulcanizates was investigated.
1) Natural rubber. 2) CKE (SKB) synthetic rubber, the cross links of which
either a) consisted for the moot part of monosulfide bonds, or b) for the
most part of polysulfide bonds. For monosulfide cross links it was found
that the kinetic curves for both natural rubber and SKB follow the
equation a t - 6 elp(-kt). The 6onstants of the reaction rate for natural
rubber are 1,54010" 3 h- 1, and for SXB, 2.1-t0"4 h- 1, Reduction of oxygen
pressure from atmospheric pressure to 1 mm Hg lowers the reaction rate to
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The Destruction of Molecular Chains and the S/02 60/135/006/028/037
Decomposition of Cross Links in the Aging of B004YB056
Vulcanizates
1/5. It follows herefrom that the chemical relaxation in this case is
caused by oxidative decomposition of the polymer chains. In polysulfide
cross links, on the other hand, the relaxat on rates for both- indl of
rubber are similart natural rubbers 4,2~10-~ h-1; SKBj 3,1.10 ~ h- ,
Removal of oxygen is without influence, Herefrom, the following con- V
clusions are drawn. In the aging process of vulcanizates two competing
reactions occurs a) oxidative destruction of the molecular chains of the
polymer; b) thermal decomposition of the sulfide cross links, In the case
of firm cross links (monosulfide), reaction a) predominates~ The relaxa--
tion rate then depends on the oxidizability of the polymers and on the
concentration of oxygen. If, however, the network of the vulcanizate is
formed by polysulfide cross links, whose thermal decomposition is stronger
by one order of magnitude than the oxidative destruction, reaction b)
will predominate. There are 2 figures and 5 references: 3 Soviet and 4 US
ASSOCIATIONs Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy institut rezinovoy promyshlennosti
(Scientific Research Institute of the Rubber Industry)
PRESENTEDs July 6, 1960, by P, A. Rebinder, Academician
SUBMITTEDt June 30, 1960
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oes
agm S/190/61/003/007/012/021
B101/B220
AUTHORS: Kuztminskiy, A. So, Goldovskiy, Ye. A.
TITLE: Study of the oxidation of polydimettyl siloxane rubber
PERIODICAL: Vysokomolekulyarnyye soyedineniya, v. 3, no- 7, 1961,
1054-lo6i
TEXT: The aim of the present study was to obtain quantitative data on
the processes occurring during oxidation of linear high-molecular poly-
dimethyl siloxanes. The oxidation was effected by passing purified
oxygen with 40`11.5 MI/min through a reaction vesse'" containing the
weighed portion (m5 - o.6 g) of the rubber film. The reaction vessel
was maintained at constant temperature in a boiling liquid (diphenyl,
alpha bromonaphthalene or diphenylamine). The volatile products leaving
the rubber were carried by the 02 into the zone of combuction (950-10000C)
where they burned to SiO 21 C02 , and H20 . The SiO. was collected in a
quartz tube filled with asbestos, the CO 2 and HOO in Pregils absorbers
filled with anhydrone and ascharite. The oxygen agsociated to the
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25268 S/190/61/003/007/012/021
Study of the oxidation of ... B101/B220
polymer was calculated from the oxygen balance. The maximum limit of
error was 1-2~,' for the determination of C and H2; 1-15," for Si; and
1-3;~ for 02* The solubility of the rubber was determined in toluene. The
swelling maximum in toluene was measured by means of n torsion balance,
after washing out the soluble part. The number of cross links was
calculated from the swelling maximum according to the equation by
P. Flory and J. Rehner (see below), V being 0.465. The molecular weight
M of the soluble fraction was calculated from the intrinsic viscosity of
the toluene solution according ~o In] - 2.15-10-4.,10.65. The tests were
made with purified and commercial CKT (SKT) rubber. The purified rubber
was a high-molecular fraction of polydimethyl siloxane, M-900,000j
obtained by precipitating the 11j4 benzene solution of commercial rubber by
means of methanol. The low-molecular fractions were separated from the
commercial rubber by heating to 90-IOOOC under a pressure of 10-2-io-3mm F&
In the first series of tests, the destruction of the rubber was determined
as function of the length of heating. In the second series, the kinetics
of the destruction were determined by replacing the absorbers in certain
intervals. This series gave more exact results. The kinetic curves for
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25268 s/igo/61/003/007/012/021
Study of the oxidation of ... BiOl/B220
the splitting-off of met.hy! groups at 258, 280, and 302 0C are shown in
Figs. 2,3. Results: 1) The rate of splitting-off of CH 3 groups at 2800C
increases with increasing thickness of the rubber film (from 0.'29 to
0.6 mm). In case of thicker filme (0.85 mm) the rate of splitting-off
decreases, because the diffusion of the 02 is impeded; 2)*Addition of
0-5-1~(') di-ppol-naphthyl-p-phenylene diamine which is used in hydrocarbon
rubbers as antioxidant reduce a the rate of the splitting-off of CH 3'
Moreover, also the splitting off of volatile crganosilicr.,n compounds and
the cross lipking are delayed.. . 3) The H/C rattc~amourited to 2~5-2-.-9 in
the volatile pvodu;7ts (after dedu3tion of the contentin or;zariosilicon
compounds). Apparqntly, 4.part of,the H of the qH groups split off is
3'
2
.
bound again by the pclymer in form ~,f OH groups. 4) The kinetic curves
of the splitting-nff of volatile organostlicon compounds have the. shape
of an 3 (Figi7 4)t 5) The degree of ~_-ross linking at 2q8r'CA-.3 directly
dependent on 'be number of C groups split cff and is, t'Jr.U3, influenced
e' nor by chat of the
neither by th -rate of the sc ittinS-off of CH~
'
In tho initial ottage of oxidation the ratio
organosilicon compc-ands. 6)
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25268 S/190/6i/003/007/012/021
Study of.the oxidatlon of B101/13?20
craA s-.. Links.; CH3- groups split off.is very amall (0.02), but inarea8es
later on (0#_3 for'12 mol.e,!v Cll,.'apllt off). This io explained by formation
of- intramalacular bcads (ayal 3ation)# There ire .'7 figures and 16 -
references: 10 Soviet-bloc and 6 non-Soviet-bloc. The 3 most important
refererlc~es'to English-langfiage piblioations read as follows. D.C. Atkine,
C.K.I,Aurphy'. 'C.E. Sawfders,' Indistr. and Engng. Chem.. ~9, 1199. 1047,
P~.M6ry,' J.'Rehner. Mhema' -PhyB,-, ;19 521, 1943; A.11,1. Buecl)e, J.?olymer
Sci--ti.-15, 105i '7955;'
ASSOGIATION: Hauohno-1,3-iledcvatelit3kly'inat~itut rezinovoy promyshlennosti
. '':% ~*. (Sr.~ientificr Research Institute of the Rubber Industry)
SUBMITTED: Odtobe-r 17, ig6o
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28799
2D S/138/61/000/009/003/011
A051/A129
AUIHORS: Kuziminski,_A._~., Abramova, T. Ya., Zuyeva, M. V.
. ___ __y
TITLE: Radiation vulcanization of butadiene-nitrile rubbers
PERIODICAL: Kauchuk i rezina, no. 9, 1961, 12 - 15
TMU: The Nauchno-iseledovatellskiy Institut rezinovoy promyshlennosti
(Scientific Research Institute of the Rubber Industry) has carried out a labora-
tory study on conditions for radiation vulear4zation of butadiene-nitrile rubber
mixes and the properties of the vulcanizates obtained. The best results were a-
chieved with two-component mixes consisting of rubber and carbon black. Channel
black provgd to be the most efficient filler. The optimum radiation dose -was
15 - 20.10 r. Increase in the acrylonitrile content in rubber increased the ten-
sile strength and relative elongation of the vulcanizates, but reduced their swel-
ling in gasoline'-benzene mixtures. Softeners, such as paraffin and stearin, im-
proved the strength properties of the vulcanizates. Comparison of the properties
of irradiation and sulfur vulcanizates of CKH-26 (sKN-26) and SHN-40 rubbers showed
that the former have a higher elasticity, a lower melting point and a higher coef-
ficient of low-temperature resistance. The two types of vulcanizates exhibit si-
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Radiation vulcanization of butadiene-nitrile rubbers A051/A129
milar strength, hardness, swelling and abrasive properties. The laboratory re-
sults were confirmed by industrial tests of packing rings made with irradiation
vulcanizates. The use of such vulcaniza'tes in the manufacture of industrial rub-
ber products makes possible a temperature range of -60 to +1200C for the applica- Ve
tion of butadiene-nitrile rubbers instead of -40 to +1000C. There are 4 tables,
3 figures and 7 references; 3 Soviet-bloc and 4 non-soviet-bloc, The references
to the English-language publications read as follows: A. Chapiro, Ind. Plast. Mod,
9, no. 1. 41 (1951); R. Harrington, Rubb. Age, 77, 865.0955); D.,J. Harmon.,
Rubb. Age, 86, no.-2 (1959); W. Jackson, D. Hale, Rubb.,Age,_77,.865 (1955).
ASSOCIATION: No,uchno-issledovateliskiy institut rezinovoy promyshlennosti (Scien-
tific Research Institute of the Rubber Industry)
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S/138/61/006/009/003/011
Radiation vulcanization o f butadiene-nitrile rubbers A051/A129
Fig. 1. Relation of the magnitude of the equilibrium module of various rubbers
to the radiation dose
Legend: 1 - SKR-40
2 - sKN-26
3 - SKB
it- SKT
5 - SKS-30
6 - SKF-32
A
7 - NR 0
0
20
0
0

~
/4
r4

A7 Jo JO #0 jo
4we VAAyVe'V&ffl'
di
ti
d /4!.o
1'
ra
a
on
ose, 10
r
Ca~d -y4

cz_~, 2 Z 0
20249
S/138/61/000/001/009/01()
A051/AO29
AUTHQRS: KuzIminskiy, A. S., Oksentlyevich, L. A.
TITLEt The II All-Union Conference on Radiation Chemistry
PERIODICAL: Kauchuk i rezina, 1961,NNo. 1, pp. 53-55
TEXTt On October 10 - 14, 1960, the II Veesoynznoye soveshchaniye po
radiatsionnoy khimii (II All-Union Conference on Radiation Chemistry) took
place in Moooow, called together by the USSR State Committee on Chemistry
at the Council of Ministers. Academician A. P. Vinogradov opened the meet-
ing and stressed the significance of radiation chemistry as a new branch of
science which studies the energy of the atom. Its development follows two
lines: 1) industrial application of nuclear emissions, 2) extensive theore-
tical studies of the chemical transformations taking place under the action
of nuclear emissions. N. A. Bach, Chairman of the organizing committee of
the conference, underlined the importance of radio chemical investigations
as the basis of radiation-resistant materials and for the application of
nuclear emissions when conducting directed chemical processes. Special in-
terest was expressed in the possibility of radiation polymerization at low
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20249
S11381611000100110091010
The II All-Union Conference on Radiation Chemistry A051/AO29
temperatures. G. V. Uvarov, Vice Chairman of the State Committee on Che-
mistry, said that radiation polymerization of ethylene, radiation vulcaniza-
tion of special rubbers and telomerization will be introduced into the in-
dustry. There were five seotions of the conferences 1) the action of emis-
sions on aqueous solutions and 2) on organic substances, 3) radiation poly-
merization and action of emissions on polymers, 4) action of emissions on a
solid body, 5) routine questions of radiation-chemistry investigations.
A total of 120 papers were submitted (representing 35 institutions). some
of the more important papers submitted are mentionedt A. D. Abkin gave a
short characteristic outline of the radiation polymerization process. The
process takes place according to the ionic mechanism. In the process of
radiation polymerization in an emulsion the independence of the general rate
of polymerization on the temperature is underlined. The rate of polymeri-
zation is proportional to the intensity of the emission in the first degree.
Cases of the combined polymerization of isobutylene and vinylidine chloride,
styrene and methylmethacrylate were discussed. The significant role in ionJo
polymerization is said to be played by the surface. Yu. L. Khmellnitakiy,
Ye. M. Kononova and V. V. Nesterovskiy-dealt with the radiation polymeriza-
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S/138/61/000/001/009/010
The II All-Union Conference on Radiation Chemistry A051/AO29
tion of propylene, isobutylene and one of the amylenes (2-methylbutene-2) at
various temperatures and at various degrees of purity of the monomer. It
was shown that with a drop in the temperature and an increase in the degree
of purity of the monomer the polymer yield and the average molecular weight
increases. I. P. Barkalov, A. A. Berlin, V. I. Golldanskiy, B. G. Dzanti-
yeva, et al., presented a study on the kinetics and mechanism of radiation
polymerization of acetylene hydrocarbons. Ye. V. Volkova, A. F. Forkin,
A. D. Sorokin and V. M. Belikov handled the question of radiation polymeri-
zation of trifluorooMoroethylene and tetrafluoroethylene. A study is being
conducted at present on the kinetics of the process in the gaseous phase un-
der the action of beta-emissions of Sr90. The paper of Kh. U. Usmanov,
U. N. Musayev and R. S. Tillayev submitted the data of copolymerization of
acrylonitrile with methylfurane (silvane), copolymers were obtained through
the grafting of polyvinylchloride-acrylonitrile, polyvinylahloride-silvane,
perchlorovinyl-silvane systems; R. S. Klimanova, V. I. Serenkov and N. S.
Tikhomirova invostigated the copolymerization by grafting with styrene and
polyethylene. The paper of B. L. Tsetlin, S. R. Rafikov, L. I. Plotnikov
and P. Ya. Glazunov dealt with the.radiation grafting of various polymer
chains to the surface of mineral particles and also to carbon black.
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S/138/61/000/06~1/009/010
The II All-Union Conference on Radiation Chemistry A051/AO29
V. L. Karpov and Yu. S. Lazurkin gave a general characteristic outline of
the processes taking place under the action of nuclear emissions. L. G.
Gurvich developed a theory of radiation destruction of linear polymers.
Several papers were dedicated to the investigation of the mechanism of ra-
diation-chemical transformations in polymers: Yu. D. Tsvetkov, Ya. S. Le-
bedev and V. V. Voyevodskiy - on the method of electronic paramagnetic re-
sonance used for the study of the kinetics of recombination of the fluoro-
alkyl and pg6oxide radicals formed in teflon under the action of gamma-emis-
sions of cc ; A. G. Kisele.v, M. A. Mokul'skiy, Yu. S. Lazurkin - on the
investigation of radicals ocourring when irradiating various orientated po-
lymers in a reactor or in albeta-eource; X. Ya. Buben, A. T. Koritskiy and
V. N. Shamshev on the investigation of the effect of admixtures (CC14, ben-
zene, toluene, CS2) on the kinetics of accumulation of radicals in paraffin
and polyethylene under the action of fast electrons; N. A. Slovokhotov,
A. T. Koritskiy, et al. - on the structure of polyethylene irradiated in li-
quid nitrogen with fast electrons using the method of infra-red spectroscopy.
V. G. Nikol'skiy and N. Ya. Rnben - on the thermo-luminescence of polyethy-
lene, paraffin, teflon, rubbers and certain aromatic hydrocarbons irradiated
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20249
S/1 3 YB61/000/001/009/01 0
The II All-Union Conference on Radiation Chemistry A051 A0 29
with fast electrons, in order to determine the structural transformations
in these compounds; G. P. Ushakov, Yu. S. Lazurkin and Yu. A. Gushcho - on
an investigation of the effect of the phase state of polyethylene of low
pressure on its physical and mechanical properties when irradiated in a re-
actor; V. L. Karpov, B. B. Leshchenko and E. E. Finkel' - on the effect of
various additions gn the change of the strength properties of polyethylene
irradiated in a Go'O source during the process of th,.-rmal aging. Some pa-
pers were dedicated to the action of radiation on rubbers. B. A. Dogadkin,
Z. N. Tarasova, M. Ya. Kaplunov, et al. read on the effect of sulfur on the
kinetics of radiation structuralizing of natural and butadiene-styrene rub-
bers and the properties of the irradiated vulcanizates; B. A. Dogadkin,
V. I. Golldanskiy, Z. N. Tarasova, M. Ya. Kaplunov, et al. - on a method for
vulcanizing various samples of rubbers on a linear impulse accelerator and
on the kinetics of formation of transverse bonds and the structural changes
of the natural, butadiene-styrene and carboxylic rubbers, when irradiated
by a beam of 2 Mev-energy electrons; I. Ya. Poddubnyy and S. V. Averlyanov
- on the radiation vulcanization of siloxane rubbers, where the vulcaniza-
tion conditions were selected for various polysiloxanes ensuring the pro-
duction of rubbers with a very high thermal stability. A. S. KuzIminskiy,
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S/1381 ~012~0900100110091010
The II All-Union Conference on Radiation Chemistry A051/AO29
L. S. Pelldshteyn, Ye. V. Zhuravskaya and L. I. Lyubchanskaya - on the laws
of radiation aging of deformed rubbers based on natural rubber, CKC-30
(SKS-30), CK5 (SKB) and CRW-26 (SKN-26); G. A. Blokh, V. L. Karpov, Yu. M.
14alinskiy, L. P-0119hanskiy and M. B. Khloplyankin - on the action of the
gamma-emission of CoOO on various cable rubbers and constructions. It was
established that after irradiation with a 50 - 100 Mrad dose the main phy-
sico-mechanical and electro-insulating properties are impaired. The ques-
tion of distribution and energy transformation of emissions in organic sys-
tems and the mechanism of radiochemical processes were discussed. At the
final meeting it was pointed out that the three years since the first con-
ference were characterized by: 1) noticeable general growth of the radio-
chemical investigations, 2) extensive increase in research and investiga-
tions into the mechanism of these processes, 3) appearance of many papers
on the action of radiation on a solid body, 4) the application of physics
and complex methods o,f investigations, such as electronic paramagnetic re-
sonance, chromotographic, electrical, spectral and other methods. It was
decided to conduct a meeting in 1961 on the industrial application of radio-
chemical processes, in 1962 on general theoretical questions and studies
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20249
ThelI All-Union Conference on Radiation Chemistry
S/138 1/000/001/009/010
A051ylko,29
on the mechanisms of radiochemical processes. In 1963 the III All-Union
Conference on Radiation Chemistry will be convened.
Card 7/7

FEL-IDSHTLYN, L.S.; KHANIN, S.Ye.; FREIZMLI) R.Sh.; KUZIMINSKIY,
A*S.
Vulcanization of rubber with mercaptan in the presence of carbon
blacks. Kauch. irez. 20 no.8:2&-32 Ag 161. (MIRA14:8)
1e Vauchno-isoledovatellskiy inatitut rezinovoy promyshlen-
nosti.
(Vulcanization)

KUZ114INSKII., A-.',.; ABRAMOVA, T.Ym.; ZUYEVA, M.V.
Radiation vulcanization of butadiene-nitrile rubbera. Kauch.
i rez. 20 no.9:12-15 S 161. (KMA 15:2)
1. Nauchno-isoledovatellokiy inatitut rezinovoy promphlemosti.
Vulcanization)
Mbber, Synthetic)

30462
S/138/61/000/011/002/007
0 6f /-'0 /..g A051/i 1'2 -6
AtnWRS: Kuzlminskiy, A. S., Ruzer, L. S., Sunitsa, L. L.
TITLE- Apparatus with a source of X~uemlssion Co6O, of 16,000 g-equiv. radium,
for radiation-chemical investigations of synthetic and natural rubber;q
A"qiletl~ 1* 1* Z ;W vo j/1 P-lo, AI'61.
TEXTt The Scientific Researoh In3titute of the Rubber Industry (NIIRP) Is
at present-engaged In a study of the effect of ionizing radiation on the proper-
ties of rubbers and rubber-like materials, in addition to work on the mo ification
balt ' 3ource,
of various rubbers and their ingredients. A new apparatus with a co .9
having a 10,000 curie (16,000 g-equiv. of radium) activity was put Into operation
at the institute in January 1959. It was based on the efforts of the Geneva 1958
International Conference for the Peaceful Utiliiation of Atomic Energy, and on
papers presented by Soviet Scientists (Vol. 4, Moscow, 1959, P. 266). The appara-
tus (Fig. 1), installed in an underground building with concrete walls, is covered
with a layer of hydroinsulating material an the outside, and tiles on the inside,
concrete ceiling, 1.5 m thick, having an earth layer, 0.5 m thick. The emission
chamber is separated from the labyrinth by a protective concrete rod, 1.25 m thick.
The control panel is located in the control room to move by means of a hoisting
mechanism the source from its storage position to a working position so that the
Card 1/jj

30462
S/138/61/000/011/002/007
Apparatus with a source of... A051/A126
samples may be irradiated, The physico-chemical control desk is also locate
the control room. The elevation of the container with the samples of the Cc
from its storage to a working position is accomplished with compressed air from
the control panel through a flexible tube, directed to the float of the hoisting
mechanism. The well containing the source Is covered with a stainless steel top
consisting of two halves with a groove in the middle. A table for the Irradiation
of the samples with a cylindrical protective container, Is located over thij top.
The physico-chemical control desk contains the Instruments for measuring the vari-
ous parameters (temperature, pressure), characterizing the processes in the ir-
radiated samplest electronic potentiometers 31111 -09 (EPP-09), 311B-01 (EPV-01).
A video-receiving apparatus of the industrial television set RTY - OM (Fru-0m),
with a transmission chamber located in the labyrinth Is also located on the pby-
sico-chemical control desk. The energies of the emission dosages within the pro-
tective container and in the external part of the sample are measured by the fer-ro-
sulfate chemical dosimeter methed. The average energy of the dose within the pro-
tective container, in a volume of 1 liter, is equal to 353 r/sec. In the erterual
area of the sample, the dose energy varies from 180 to 20 r/sec. The blocking
circuit opens the door of the chamber under the four following conditionst 1)
card 2/4

30462
S/138/61/000/0;1/OOZ/007
Apparatus with a source of... A051/A126
the air is let out from the hoisting. reservoir, 2) the electrical upper end
switch of the transporting mechanism is shut off, 3) the lower end swi-Lch is turn-
ed on,, 4) the level of emis6ion in the labyrinth at the position of the "cactus"
transmitter is less than 0.1 r/sec. The dosimetria instrument "oactus!lhas a'
sonic and light signalling system indicating the elevation of the given level of
emission in the labyrinth. The described apparatus led to the development of the
principles for radiation vulcanization of silicon, fluoro- and nitrile rubbers, as
well as the commercial rubber products produced from the latter. Based on the re-
sults of the. conducted radiation-chemical investigation a radiation vulcanization
shop was designed. The mechanism of the radiation agent and the action of anti-
rads in rubbers have been investigated to raise their radiation stability. There
are 2 figures and 1 photograph.
ASSOCIATION: Nauchno-issledovateltakiy institut rezinovoy promyshlenno-sti (Scien-
tific Research Institute of the Rubber Industry)
card 3/4

----XMjXE2Mn4--A.4Joktor khimicheskikh nauk, prof,; BASS, S., inzh.
LmWtbacin the 2ife of polymers. Tekb.mol. 29 rP.6.-15 161.
(KM l4s7)
(plastics)

8/020/61/136/004/015/026
B016/BO75
AUTHORSt Felldshteyn, L. S., Reytlinger, S. A., and Kustainakiy, A. S.
TITM The Problem of Crystallizing Low-molecular Substances From
Solutions Into High Polymers
PERIODICALs Doklady Akadenii nauk SSSR, 1961, vol. 136, No. 4,
pp. 843 - 845
TEXTs The authors attempted to find the reasons for an undesirable
phenomenon, the so-called "efflorescence" (Ref..1), i.e., the formation of
oversaturated solutions of-low-molocular.substances in high-polymer
aolvents. The former mostly crystallize on the interfac * polymer - gas.
The system sulfur (2g) - Wybutsdiene (100 g) (CXE-30 (SKB-30)) served
as test object. By uning-S (Ref.2), the relative quantity of sulfur
crystallized on the polybutadi*ne surface was determined. Platelets, 2 mm
thick and 26 mm in diameter, werS obtained by pressing a mixture of the
two components for 60 min at 100 C in a cellophane foil. Before measuring
the activity by means of an an&-window counter, the cellophane foil was
removed from one side. Already 24 hours after removing the cellophane
Card 1/3

The Problem of Crystallizing Low-molecular S/020/61/136/004/015/026
Substances From Solutions Into High Polymers B016/BO75
foil, a considerable increase in activity was observed (Fig.1). The
authors explain this phenomenon by sulfur crystallization on the surface,*
since a concentration gradient had formed. The side covered by cellophane
showed no increase in activity even after additional pressing. When
storing the specimens wrapped in cellophane for a longer period
offlorescence decreased until it completely vanished. On the strength of
these data, the authors conclude that equilibrium was established due to
crystallization inside the specimen. Crystallization sets in immediately -a
after removing the cellophane foil. The time necessary for establishing
equilibrium is determined by the diffusion rate of the sulfur from inside
the specimen. When the cellophane was removed from none of the two
surfaces even after 60 days equilibrium was not established. Therefrom
the authors concluded that crystallization proceeds considerably slower
inside the specimen than on its surface. The quick establishment of
equilibrium in the case of strong overeaturation indicates that the
formation of need crystal in inhibited. By admixing pulverized metallic
aeloniuz, the authors succeeded in initiating the crystallization inside
the specimen. Selenium is insoluble in rubber, but since it is isomorphous
with sulfur it easily forms mixed crystals with the latter. The authors
Card 2/3

The Problem of Crystallizing Low-molecular 8/020/61/136/004/015/026
Substances From Solutions Into High Polymer* B016/BO75
refer to the processes during crystal formation (Ref.4) and state that the
difference between the diffusion coefficient of the dissolved substance
and the self-diffusion coefficient of the polymer solvent inhibits the
formation of crystallization centers inside the specimen. Plasticizers
increase the mobility of polymer molecules and the probability of
crystallization inside the specimen. Thus, sulfur does not effloresce in
factioss (Ref.2). There are 3 figures, I table, and 6 references- 4 Soviet.
ASSOCIATIONt Nauohno-insledovateltakiy institut rezinovoy promyshlennosti
(Scientific Research Institute of the Rubber Industry)
PRESENTEDt July 8, 1960, by P. A. Rebinder, Academician
SUBVITTEDt June 30, 1960
Card 3/3

29821
S/020/61/140/006/018/030
TA B103/BIOI
AUTHORSt KuzIminskiY.L_".S., and Goldovskiyg Ye. 1.
TITLEt Some characteristics of the oxidation process of polydimethyl
iloxane rubber
PERIODICILt :kademiya nauk SSSR. Dokladyg v. 1409 no. 6, 1961t 1324-1326
TEXTs The thermal oxidation of a purified high-molecular fraction of
polydimethyl siloxane rubber (1) (molecular weight w900,OOO) was studied.
The total amounts of C, H29 and Si were determined by mioroanalysis in
compounds separated from I on oxidation. Principles of these methodso
carefully purified 02 is passed through a vessel containing the polymer to
be oxidized, with a constant velocity (40 t 1-5 ml/min). 0 2carries the
products separated from the polymer into the combustion zone, where they
are oxidized completely to H20, C02v and S'02. The quantity of separated
organootlicon compounds, related to polydimethyl siloxane, was calculated
from the quantity of S102 recOTered. The number of split-off methyl
Card 1/4

29821
S/02 61/14%W006/018/030
Some characteristics of... B103YBIOI
groups was ascertained fron the difference between the 0 quantity of all
volatile and that of the volatile organoBilicon compounds. Partial pyro-
lysis of the organosilioon compounds separated from the0polymer occurred
during the test in 12 stream in the quartz tube (tPZ950 G). The pyrolytio
products were oxidized in 02 current to S102 after completion of the test.
An anomalous phenomenon was established on filmlike samplest at 250 -3000C,
the splitting-off of methyl groups in 0. current is accelerated with in-
creasing film thickness# consequently also the oxidation underlying the
oplitting-off is accelerated. This takes place only up to a certain
("optimum") film thickness. On oxidation of the polymer in air, this
thickness ist 0.6 mm, at 280OC; 0.3 mm at about 3000c; 0.75 mm at 2700c;
2-5 ma at 2500CI and more than 4 am at 2300C. The oxidation rate of nethyl
groups is a function of two competitive faotorej 1) I?ormation of volatile
compounds (possibly formaldehyde) which accelerate the process. With in-
creasing film thickness, a steadily rising percentage of such compounds
reacts before leaving the film, thus accelerating the oxidation. -This
assertion is confirmed by the fact that a film of I of 0.25 - 0-5 mm
Card 2/4

29821
8/02 61/140/006/018/030
Some characteristics of... B103YBIOi
thickness superimposed on a second I film is moro rapidly structured than
a film of equal thickness which is applied directly on a quartz base.
Furthermore, a film of about 11b thickness on a KBr base is not oxidized
noticeablys even when heated for 36 hr at 3000C in air. Infrared speotro-
scopy revealed the following facti when glass is covered with a film of
1P and a second film of 0-5 mm thickness of I, the film of 1p6 thickness
will be oxidized already after heating at 3000C for 6 hr. 2) Retardation
of 02 diffusion in the film. In filsas of adequate thickness (about 0.8am~
the lower part contacting the base is structured more slowly at 2800C than
the upper part. This difference increases with growing film thickness.
When the "optimum" film thickness is exceeded, the effect of factor 2)
becomes stronger than that of factor 1). Thus, the oxidation rate de-
creases again with increasing film thickness. The effect of factor 1) is
one reason to presume the chain character of the oxidation of 1. 1. further
additional prove is the-abrupt retardation of the splitting-off of methyl
groups (by 1-5- orders of magnitude), when 0-5 - * of di-A,F 1-naphthyl;p;
phenylene diamine and 50 parts by weight of ~-333 (U-333) powdered oil C
gel are added. It has been found that the splitting-off of low-moleoular
organosilicon compounds in the initial period is significantly accelerated
Card 3/4

29P21
S/0201617140/006/018/030
Some characteristics of... B103/B101
by oxygen. Possibly, the accelerating 0 2 effect is due to the oxidation
of methyl groups. The two last-mentioned additions delay the splitting-
off of side groups and reduce, moreover, the separation of organosilicon
compounds. No connection exists, howeverp between the quantities of mettqj
groups and organosilicon compounds split-off. There are 5 figures and
11 references$ 5 Soviet and 6 non-Soviet. The four most recent references
to English-language publications read as follows3 E. G. Rochow, in Intro-
duction to the Chemistry of the Silicones, N. Y., 1951t L. C. Scala,
W. X. Hickam, Ind. and Eng. Chem., , 1583 (1958); W. J. Lewis, J. Polym.
Sci., U, 153 (1958)1 37, 425 (1959i-~-
ASSOCIATION: Hauchno-iseledovateltakiy institut rezinovoy promyshlennosti
(scientific Research Institute of the Rubber Industry)
PRESENTED: May 30, 1961, by S. S. Medvedev, Academician
SUBMITTEDt May 25, 1961
Card

V/, -------
AR DOGIL)KIN, 11. A., fuld TARMOVA. Z. U.., t~')acow
ina titac or Fine Chemical Trrhnolo(7 1vv?n1
M. V. L(nonoaov J.961 peattfoj- "Inflw?nc,
Of vulcaniantiort atructurca on Phyfilcal and
mcchanIcal opertica of vulcanlantes"
(Scaston IIT
XWHINSUY, A. S., UUMMSKAYA, L. I.,
n6emlaqu, L. S., Scientific Posearch Institute
of Rubbezi Industry, Mcscow J960 iocationsT
It Influence of mcchanical stresses on the ageing
or vulcantued rubbers" (Session VIII)
NOVIXDV, A. S,, GMrNSKAY.A, N. S., DMIEVA, T. X.,
GRIDACHM, A. V., IMMMI)WI, Z. N., and
OALIL-OGLY, F. A., Scientific Research Institute
Moscow C1961 locationa7-
of Rubber Industry,
'"Inventigation of amino vulcanisation of
OKF-26 n uoroc o -polymer" (Session 11)
FMIIXDVSXIY, M. M., and BROMMY, G. I.,
Scientific Ilesearth Institute of Tire Industry,
Hoocov - "Special features of the mechanism of
abrasion of high-clastic materials" (Session V)
13
report to be submitted for the 4th Rubber Technology Conference,
London, England, 22-25 My 1962.

S/844/62/000/000/098/129
b234/D307
AUTHORS: Kuz'minbkiy -, A., So. Felldshteyn, L. B.,.Zhuravskayal Ye.
--T-.-aWT-L-yubchanskaya, L. I.
TITLE: Radiation ageing of rubbers in stressed state
SOURCE: Trudy II4,,Vsesoyuznogq soveshchani a po mdiatsionno khi-
Mii. Ed. by L. 6, Polak. Moscow, Kzd-vo AN SSSII, 19K2.1
576-580
TEXT: Stress relaxation was investigated by means of an axial
compression relaxometer described in a previous paper. The compr'es..~,-~
sion degree was 201,0. Specimens were irradiated by a C060 source,
the dose being varied from 0.5 to 1 Mr/hr'. The specimens cons iste~;.
of vulcanized natural H/< (NK), butadiene-nitryl (,vfV-,~6(6KN-26)
sodium-butadiene I-KO (SKB) and butadiene-styrene (,/ SKV
30 > MI-26, and with respect to that of residual deformationt
SBK> NK> SKN-26> SKS-30. Structurization and destruction outputs
are compared. Presence of 4nti-radiation subs.tanceB (N-phenyl-NI-
Card 112

11 8/844/62/000/000/098/129
Radiation ageing of ... b234/D307
cyclohexyl-p-phenylonediarhi e and N,NI-diph~Tiyl--phenylenediamine)
in the quantity of 5rjQ by %Ught did not affect tfe chemical relaxa-
tion rate but slightly affected the rate of ~accumulation of resi-
dual deformation and decre'a8ed considerably~the rate of structuri-
zation. The rate of residual deformation was decreased by anti-ra-
diation substances only in the case of irradiation in air but not
in vacuum. There are 4 figures and 1 table.
ASSOCIATION: NII rezinovoy promyshlennoBti (NII of the Rubber In-..
dustry)
Card 2/2
'Q ~J"7

.33728 S/138/6Z/000/001/006/009
A051/A126
AUTHORS., jiyubehanskaya, L.I.; Fel'dahteyn, L.S., Kuz'minskiy, A.S.
-----------------
TITIE: Rubber aging in the strained state
PEVODICALt Kauchuk I rezina, no. 1, 1962, 23 - 29
The authors Investigated the major Iaw sequences In the proceas of
chemical relaxation of tension and studied the effect of various composition
factors. The accumulation kinetics of residual daformation and changes of the
equilibrium standard (proportional to the number of transverse chemical bonds),
were further examined. Natural and sodium-butadiene rubber were chosen as the
experimental material. An axial compression relaxometer was used to test the
chemical relaxation of tension. It was found that the rate of the raative drop
in tension does not depend on the compression degree within the 20 to 5% defor-
mation range. The tension drop is the result of the break In the bonds under
tension; the accumulation of the residual deformation is determined primarily
by structurating. According to the rate increase of tension relaxation, the
vulcanizates are arranged in the following sequences thiuram< vulcanizate with
sulfur and captax: furnace >lamp-7and thermal, The nature of the
transverse bonds appears to be the main factor, determining the behavior of rub-
ber In aging under conditions of static deformations. The selection of the ap-
propriate polymer followed by the filler range next in Importance. It Is con-
eluded that in rubber aging in the presence of oxygen, the tension rel&Xation
process is determined by a thermal break of the transverse bcnds for rubbers
with polysulfide bonds and by thermo-oxidizing destruction of the polymer In vul-
Card 2/3

33726
S/138/62/000/001/006/009
Rubber aging In the strained state A051/A126
canizates with etrong transverse bonds. There are 8 figures.
ASSOCIATIM Naiiehno-issledovatellskly institut rezinovoy promysh-lennosti (Sci-
entific Research Institute of the Rubber Industry~
VY
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34136
S/138/62/000/002/009/009
.12Q 10 A051/A126
PC 49 10
AUTHORSi Kuz'minskiy, A.S., Bass, S.T.
T-LIU: Conference on aging and stabilization of polymers
PERIODICAL: Kauchuk i rezina, no. 21, 1962, 50 - 512
!EX-T% The conference, convened by the AS USSR, t1,4 USSR Council of Minls-
ters, State Committee on Chemistry and the Ministry of Higher and Intermediate
Special EducatiQn of the RSFSR, took place at the Institute of Chemical Physics
of the AS USSR, from November 14 - 17, 1961. Over 200 delegates participated
and 62 papers were presented. Academician V.A. Kargin spoke on the subject of
aging and stabilization of rubber, various plastics, fibers, dye and lacquer VIP/
coatings, and he stressed the use of fillers and polymer substances as stabilizers,
V.B. Miller, Yu.A, Shlyapnikova (1KhF AS USSR) discussed certain law seq,.Iences of
oxidation destruction of polypropylene in the. presence of ant Ioxidant -aromatic
amines and phenols. The conclusion that inhibitors Initiate the oxidizing pro-
cess of the polymer is confirmed. M.V. Neyman and A.L. Buchachernko (lKhF) srake
on the results of an Investigation of stable radical products, formed in thermal
and catalytic decomposition of hydroperoxides In the presence of varicus anti-
Card 0

Conference on aging ......
34-136
S/138/62/000/002/009/009
A051/AI26
oxidants. G.I. Likhtenebteyn (IKhF) presented the results cf a the:.re*-ical in-
vestigaticn of the. effects of inhibitors on the oxidation of hydroca&,cnz.
Several papers dealt with the study of the synergemic effeot of inhibitc-r mixtulm.
A.F. Lukovnikov, P.I. Levin and M.S. Khloplyankina (:W) investigated The Sim-
ergism of mixtures of certain secondary amines with various sulfur-containing
compounds in the process of oxidation of isotactic polypropylene at 2000C. An
investigation of the behaviour of stable radicals of diphenylamine, phenyi-r- n4h,
thylamine, etc,, in the presence of a number of sulfur-con'tairing compcunds, with
the decomposition of the hydroperoxides using the EPR spectra was conducted by
M.S. Khloplyankina, A.L. Buchachenko, (!KhP). A.B. Gagarina. Z.K. Kayzus and
N.M_ Emanueliy, confirmed experimentally the existance of critical concentrations
of inhibitors in liq~aid-phase oxidation of hydrocartons, predictei ty N.N. Seme-
nov for slow chain reactions with degenerated branches. A.S. Kuz'minskly and
Yu.A. Goldovskly (NIIRP) reported on certain laws of oxidation of poly-dimet-hylst-
oxane rubber at 250 - 3000C. A discussion was given on the investigation of
aging of methylvinylpyridine rubber and raw rubber, based on the latter, by L.G.,
Angert, A.I., Zenchenko and A.S. Kuz'minski3, (KIRP). The repcrL of Z.A. Taraso-
va, I.I. Eytingon, L.G. Senatorskiy, T.V. Fedor-va, 0,1, Anarcnova and BA. Do-
gadkin (NIIShP), dealt with the results of an investigation on the ac.Ion of
Card 2/5

34136
Conference on aging .....
S/138/62/000/002/009/009
A051/Ai26
certain thioamines, thiophenols and synergetic mixtures, based on the latter,
during the process of vulcanization and in fatigue of NR, Isoprene and butadie-
nestyrene rubber vulcapizates. The paper of G.L. Slominskiy, V.A. Kargin and
fe,V. Reztsova (DEOS AS USSR, NIIShP) concerned the problems connected with the
transformation of macroradicals formed in high-elastic polymers under the action
of mechanical tensions during processing service of these polymeers. T.G. Deg-
tyeva, I.K. Sedova and A.S. Kuz'minskiy-(NIIRP) presented the results of an in-
vestigation of thermal decay (250 - 3800C) of the copolymer of trifluorochloro-
ethylene with vinylidine fluoride. Yu.S. Zuyev and A.Z. Borshchev8kaya (NIIRP)
reported on the results of,an investigation of corrosive crackinf'of deforwed
rubbers, based on carboxyl-containing butadiene-styrene rubber, CKC-30-1
(SKS-30-1)], in solutions of HCI, CH3COOH and ozone, and also.of rubbers based
on NR and nairite in ozone.* A conclusion was drawn that thedestruction mechanism
of rubbers in aggressive medii, in the deformed and non-deformed state, is not
the sane. The use of the condensation of aniline chloride with acetaldehyde as
stabilizers of raw and synthetic rubber products was discussed by L.P. Zalukayev,
T.I. Zheltukhina,'L.Ya. Sinitsyna (VNIISK). Certain papers dealt with the re-
sults of a study on destruction and stabilization of polyalefines. Ye.N.- Mat-
veyev, et al. (NIIPP) investigated the oxidation of polypropylene at 120 - 1700C
Card -3/5

"I"
S/I 38/6 2/OW/00 2/009/009
Conference on aging,..., A051/A126
and showed the connection between the rate of oxygen absorption and property
changes cfpolymers, both in the presence and absence of various stabilizers. 7he
paperof V.D. Moiseyev and V.I. Suskin (IW) dealt with the theory on computing
the rate of depolymerization, isomerization and transfer of the chain In thermal
destruction of vinyl polymers using experimental data. V.S. Pudov and B.A. Gro-
mov (IKhF) showed-that the primary process in themo-oxtdation destruction of
polypropylene is the formition of peroxides, the decomposition of which causes
the formation of a complex mixture of the products of oxidation. N.V. Mikhaylov,
et al., (VNIIV) made a study of certain stabilization features of polypropylene
and fiber based on the latter, and analyzed the reasons for discrepancy In the
induction periods of oxidation for the polymer and its filx'sr. P.I. Levin. P.A.
l(irpichnikov, (IKhF) presented the results of their Investigation of polypropylem
stabilization with mixtures of phospUtes and sulfur-contalning compounds, not
causing the appearance of a coloured polymer during the entire Induction period.
Certain possibilities of using the spectral methods for studying the aging pro-
cesses of-polymers were stressed b3( V.M. Chulanovskiy, (NIIShP). N.S. Yenikolo-
pova, L.A. Dudina and L.V. Karmilova presented the results of an investigation
on the thermal and thermo-oxidation destruction of polyformaldehyde. A.A. Ber-
lin et al., repcrted on the effect on the stability of polyvinylchloride polyn*rs,
Card 4/5

Conference on aging .....
34136
S/138/62/000/002/009/009
A051/Ai26
with a system of conjugated links, produced in the polymerization of acetylene
hydrocarbons, or in the splitting off of atoms or groups from the macro-molecules,
S,R. Rafikov (INEOS, AS USSR), N.V. Mikhaylov (VNIIV) spoke on the thermal and
thermo-oxidation destruction of polyamides. Several papers dealt with destruction
and stabilization of condensed resins, photochemical destruction of intracellulcse
coatings, property changes of lacquer-dye coatings in aging, destruction and sta-
bilization of cellulose ethers, radio-chemical transformation of p*ethers, thermal
destruction and stabilization of polydimethylsiloxane. A special meeting of the
conference was devoted to the synthesis of new stabilizers: amines, screened
phenols, phosphoro-organic compounds, light-stabilizers of the benzo-phenone row,
derivatives of n-phenyleneamine, quinoline and phenol, as inhibitors of ozone
aging of rubbers, etc. The importance of an all-sided study of the behaviour of
real polymer materials under various conditions of storage, processing and service
was emphasized. Resolutions were adopted to intensify the theoretical wark on
aging of real polymer systems, for unification of various methods for evaluating
the aging process, and to increase publications on the problems of aging and
stabilization of polymers.
Card 5/5
4_'M
5

'; 119 -' 9
S/138/62/000/003/003/0C-6
A051/A126
AUTHORS: Frenkell, R. Sh., Kuz1 W! nqkiv- A- .9-, Felldshteyn, L. S., Khanin,
S. Ye., Vinogradova,-!;. F.
TEXT: The effect of ingredients in rubber mixes on the structuralizing
of butadiene-nitrile rubber
PERIODICAL: Kauchuk I rezina, no. 3, 1962, 10 - 12
T M An investigation was conducted to determine the effect of ingredients
other than altax, for example (in the absence of sulfur), on the process of therml
structuralizing in synthetic rubbers. Butadiene-nitrile rubber C K H -26 (sKU-26)
(commercial) was used in the experimenta in an air medium. The thermomechanical.
method was used to determine the initial temperature of the mixture structuraliz-
ing. Accelerators and activators of vulcanization have a significant effect on
the rate of thermal structuralizing. The accelerators increase the rate of struc-
turalizing and lower the initial temperature. At the addition of zinc oxide into
the system rubber-altax decreases the Initial temperature and increases the rate
of structuralizing. Thus, it is thought that the zinc oxide serves as a catalyst
in the process of thermal decomposition. Data on the reaction kinetics with
1/2
z~;

The effect of ...
S/1'48/o'Z/000/003/003/006
A051/A126
iodine prove this supposition. The following conclusions are drawn: Certain
fillers (gaseous and -thermal carbon black) and accelerators (captax) increase
the tendency to structuralizing of the mixtures based on butadiene-nitrile rub-
ber. Those filled with gaseous oarbon black, containing altax or captax, are
particularly prone to structuralizing. Zinc oxide increases the structuralizing;
action of captax in mixtures with gaseous carbon black. In the case of altax,
the zinc oxide speeds up the structuralizing process both in filled and non-filled
mixtures. The zinc oxide increases the ratio of the thermal decomposition of
altax to free radicals. There are 3 figures, 2 tables and 5 Soviet-bloc ref-
erences.
ASSOCIATIONS: Volzhskiy filial Nauchno-issledovatel.si-ogo instituta rezinovoy
promyshlennosti, i. Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy instittut rezinovoy
prorrjshlennosti (Volga Branch of the Scientific Research Institute
of the Rubber Industry and the Scientific Research Institute of the
Rubber Industry)
Card P_/2

0
311177
s/138/62/00o/004/004/008
A051/Ai26
AUTHORS: Kuz'minskiy, A.S.; Zaytseva, V.D.; Lezhnev, N.N.
TITLE. Protection of natural and synthetic rubber from catalytic oxidation,
under the action of copper and iron ions
PERIODICAL: Kauchuk I rezina, no. 4. 1962, 10 - 14
TEXT: A study was made of the causes for the different effects of ingre-
dients on tha catalytic oxidation of NR (smoked sheets) andCt(C-30A (SKS.;30A) in
the presence of Iron and copper. It is assumed that metals with changing valencles
can speed up both the reaction of initiation as well as that of chain development.
The reaction which determines the rate of initiation is the decomposition of hydro-
peroxide under the effect of metals. The authors discuss the activation of oxygen,.
and the formation of active intermediate compounds of metal ions with oxygen. The I
possibility of repressing the accelerated oxidation of Nit and SKS-30A in xylene I
solutions and the solid state was investigated by binding the metal ions into cat_'~
alytically inactive complexes. Certain rubber ingredients served as the-addends
in the complexes. Obtained data led to the following conclusions: I ") tk~ higher
the concentration of the metal ions in the rubber solution, the faster its viscos-~,
.-Card 113_-

S/138/62/000/004/loo4/1008
Protection of natural. . . A051/A126
ity drops; 2) the catalytic activity of the copper ions with respect to the rub-
ber oxidation is much higher than the catalytic activity of the iron ions; 3)
certain ingredients introduced into the rubber mix have the ability, partly or
completely, to suppress the catalytic activity of the copper and iron ions. A
further study was made of the catalytic oxidation in the rubber solutions in the
presence of.anti-aging agents containing amino- and hydroxyl groups, of acceler-
ators containing sulfur and an amino- group in the molecule, and of a vulcanizing
agent. The following conclusions were drawn: the accelerators of vulcanization
(tetramethylthiuramdioulfide, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate)and anti-aging.agents
(n-oxyphenyl-fl-naphthylamine, dinaphthyl-n-phenylendiamine, dioxydiphenylamine),
form firm compounds with the metal ions of varying-valency metals, not having any
~catalytic activity with respect to natural and synthetic rubbers, but character-
istic of the metal ions themselves. These compounds most probably have the
structure of intercomplex slats. Certain complex compounds, formed by the metal
ion of varying valency, and deactivating substances, are strong inhibitors of
.rubber oxidation. A new method for synthesizing effective inhibitors is recom-
mended. There are 5 figures and 1 table. The reference to Ilowst recent English-
-language publication reads as follows: 9.A.Martell, M. CalvIn, Chem. of the Metal
Card 2/3

8/138/62/000/004/004/oo8
Protection of natural..... A051/Ai26
Chelat Compound (1952).
ASSOCIATION: Nauchno-issledovatelskiy institut rezinovoy Promyshlennosti i
Nauchno-isaledovateL'skiy institut rezinovykh I lateksnykh lzdeliy.
(Scientifia Research Institute of the Rubber Industry and Scientif-
ia Research Institute of Rubber and latex Articles)

AUTHORS- Kuz'minskiy A S Ruzer, L.S.
S/138/62/000/006/004/008'
A051/A126
TITLE: Evaluation of scattered radiation deposits when irradiating rubber
in press-forms
PERIODICAL: Kaucbuk I rezina, no. 6, 1962, 12 - 14
TEXT. Experimental estimations were made of the scattered radiation deposits
from the mar and front walls of a press-form, to the absorbed dose of Irradiated
rubber mixes. The relation between the dose accumulation factor, the thickness
of the press-form wall and the article is demonstrated and.various parameters are
calculated. It was established by the experiments that the irradiation effect of
the article is determined by ihe absorbed dose. This absorbed dose was estimated
by the number of transverse bonds formed by radiation. In the method suggested
for deposit evaluation, the latter Is particularly noticeable when the steel press-
-form is 1 cm thick or more. It is particularly stressqd that serious errors may
be introduced in estimating the absorbed dose, if the scattered radiation is not
taken into account. It was seen that the accumulation factor for the press-form
Card 1/2
71,

Evaluation of scattered....
S/138/62/000//006/004/008
A051/A126
found experimentally ic higher by not more than 30% than that calculated for the
point source. There are 3 figures.
ASSOCIATION; Nauchno-issledovatellskiy institut rezinovoy promyshlennosti
(scientific Research Institute of the Rubber Industry)
Ca rd 2/2

ANGERTs L.G.; ZENCHENKO, A.I.; KUZIMINSKIY, A.S.
Structure of butadiene-methylvinylpyridine crude rubber
and of vulcanized rubbers based on it. Kauch.1 rez. 21
no,9%5-8 S 162. (MIRA 15:U)
1, Nauchno-iosledovatellokiy institut rezinovoy
prongshlenwati.
(Butadiene) (Rubber, Syntbetic) (Pyridine)

S/138/62,/000/010/004/WB
A051A126
AUTHORS: Prenkell, R.Sh., Kuz'minskiy, A.S., Morozova, G.M., Gorbrunova, V.I.
TITLE: Investigation of the effect of zinc compounds on rubber vulcanl;a-
tion
PERIODICALt Kauchuk I rezina, no. 10, 1962, 32 - 36
TEXT: An investigation was conducted to determine the action mechanism
of zinc oxide and the possibility of producing more effe 'ative vulcanization ac-
tivators. One of the functions of zinc oxide as an activator of vulcanization
is Its catalytic effect on the decomposition of polysulfide bonds of the vulca-
nizate. Zinc hydroxide is recommended as a new vuicanization activator, the
former reducing the time needed to achieve optimum*vulcanization by 2 to 3 times.
This new activator also reduces the tendency t6 scorching; the physico-meebani-
cal properties of the mix are not significantly changed. Best results are ob-
~ained with zinc hydroxide combined with ammonium benzoate. Zinc caebonate, as
V
'a vulcanization activator, was found to Increase the thermal aging resistance of
the vule4nizates. The tendency to scorching, as well as the physico-mechanical
CArd 1/2

S/138/W600/010/004/008
Investigation of the effect of 0060 A051A126
and fatigue properties, remain unchanged. Since zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide,.and
zinc carbonate have the same specific surface and particle size, the elevated
activity of the Investigated substances as compared to that of zinc oxide, is
explained by the fact that the zinc oxide, formed in their decomposition during
the vulcanization process, is more effective than its commercial counterpart.
There are 3 figures and 4 tables.
ASSOCIATION: Volzhskiy filial nauchno-issledovatel'skogo Instituta rezinovoy
promyshlennosti. (Volga Branch of the Scientific Research Institute
of the Rubber Indusiry)
Card 2/2

Symposium on radiochemistz7. Kauch.i rez. 21 no.l2j5l-53 D, #62.
(MM 16 1)
(Hungary-Congressea) (Rubber research)

&WICHNIKOVp P.A.; KUZIIUNSKIYI A.S.; POPOVA, L.M.; SPIRIDONOVA, VA.
Alkyl aryl asters of pyrocatecholphosphorous acid, now stabilizers
of polymers. Report No.l: Synthesis of alkyl aryl eaters of
pyrocatecholphosphorous acid. Trudy KKHTI no-3047-51 62,
(MIRA 16:10)

r ~(00
h13.17
S/020/62/146/003/013/019
B101/B144
AUTHORS: Heyman 9 M. B. j Fedoseyeva 1 T - S. j
Lebedev, Ya. S., Buchachenko, A. L., Chertko4a, V. Pi
TITLE: Conversions of free radicals in gamma-irradiated polyiso-
prenes
PERIODIAL: kkademiya nauk SSSR. Doklady, v. 146, no. 3, 1962, 01-614
TEXT: The initial stage of cis- and trans-polyieoprene structuration
caused by 10-50 Mrad C060 irradiation was studied. The appearance and
disappearance of free radicals was ascertained by recording the epr
spectrum. An epr spectrum with a signal width of Woorsteds was
observed on trane-polyisopreno after irradiation at room temperature in
vacuo. The structure of the radical causing this signal could not ble
clarified; probably it was formed by separation of a hydrogen atom from
the a-methylene group. At -1960C, irradiated trano-polyisoprene showed
a broad singlet due to superposition of various,radical spectra. If air
was admitted to the ampoule at room temperaturel the spectrum passed
.,over into a peroxide spectrum. No epr spectrum appeared in cia-poly-
Card 1/3

Conversions of free radicals ... S/02 YB 62/146/003/013/019
BIOI 144
isoprene at room temperature, owing to quick radical recombination. At
-1960C, cis-polyisoprene showed a spectrum similar to 0that of trans-,
compound. The concentration of free radicals at -196 C was higher than
at room temperature. The kinetics of disappearance of free radicals is
described by an equation of second degree and corresponds to the
recombination R* + R' --> stable product. As the slope of the straight
linee representing the "reciprocal concentration of free radicals versus
time" depends on the dose, it is concluded that in the case of high
dose's the recombination is impeded by steric hindrances in the amorphous
part of the polymer. The following effective constants of radical
disappearance have been calculated:
Doses r*10- 6 10 20 37 47
Keff, sec-1. 104 6.25 4-33 3-34 2-74
Calculation of the degree of cross linking according to P. L. Flory
(J. Chem. Phys., 11, 521 (1943)) showed that at 10 Mrad about
600 isoprene units were between two crone links, that the number of cross
links increased with the dose, and that at 150 Mrad 1.2 isoprene units
were between two cross links. The steady decrease of K with increasing
Card 2/3

5/020/62/146/003/013/019
Conversiom of free radicals ... B101/B144
number of cross links also proves that with increasing density of the
network tho mobility of molecular chains is impeded and the recombination
of free radicals is rendered difficult. There are 4 figures.
ASSOCIATION: Nauchno-issledovatellskiy institut rezinovoy
promyshlennosti (scientific Research Institute of the
Rubber Industry). -Inatitut khimicheakoy fiziki kkaderaii
nauk SSSR (Institute of Chemical Physics of the Acad my of
Sciences USSR)
PRESENTED: May 21$i1962, by V. N. Kondratlyerj Academician
5JIBMITTED: May 25, 1962'

KUZMINSKIYO A.S.# FEDOSEYEVAO T.S.0 AND CHERTKOVA, V-F.
"The role of free readicals in the rqdiation vulcanizing of elastomers."
Report, submitted to the Conference on Y" the Application of Large Radiation
Sources in Industry,, Salzburg., Austria 27-31 % 1963

S/138/63/000/003/003/008
A051A126
AUTHORS: Frankel', R. Sh., KuzIminskiy, A. S.
TITLE: The offset of various salts of diphanylguanidine (DFhG) on the rate
of vulcanization azid the resistance to ecorching of rubber mUes
based on natural rubber (NR), CXC-30 (SKS-30), and CH13 -30
(SKB-30)
PERIODICAL: Kauchuk I rezina, no'. 3, 1963, 9
TEXT: A study was made of the effects of acetic and hydrochloric acid
saits of DPhG on tt-.e rate of vulcanization iLnd resistance to scorching of rubber
mixer, based on NR,. SKS-30 and SKB-30. Experimental data showed that a replace-
ment of DPhG by its acetic-acid.salt has very little effect on the vulcanization
rate of the NR-base mixes, while a replacement by its hydroohloriu salt sharply
impedes the process rate. Experiments with various mixes using only the acetic-
acid DPhG as a replacement, showed that rubber mixes containing -the acetio-acid
DPh
t to-scorching than similar mixes containing the
-the aoetio -acid salt of_the_DFhG,_-in-co
MO.- It -is oncluded
c
:that
Card 1/2

S/138/63/000/003/003/008
The effect of various salts of... Ao51/A126
with other accelerators, ensures a vulcanization rate of rubber mixes based on M~
SKS-30 and SKB-30 equal to that of DPhG; tuid a much higher resistance of the
mixes to, scorching. There are 2 tables and I figure.
ASSOCIATION: Volzhskiy filial nauchno-issledovatel'skogo instituta rezinovoy
promyshlohnesti (The Volga Brmioh of the Scientific Research
Institute of the Rubber Industry)
Card 2/2

a)/EWT(m)/BDS AFFrC/ASD Pc-h/Pr-4 MI/94
LWP(J)/EPF(
)M2 -�
ACCM lal NH I o/Oi38/6~/066/064/bOlT/bow- '61
6
AUTHCR: Lyubehanskays, L. X.j Dej~!va, T. 0.1 Angert, L. 0,j N%zlminsklX
A@ so
ITMZ: Accelerated method for datandning the guezenteed stomp ]-if* up" of
,vulcanired rubbers
VURM Kauchuk I vezIna,. no. 4l 19630 17-20 M
IMIC TAW-. vulcanized rubber,, stomp life, creep, stress., rela=tion, therml
;aging,, extension
!ABSTRACT: The principle of the method propq~ed by the authors consists In extra-
polating the recorded eiging rate of rubbers"Mt hish temperatures to fit the the rmai
iconditione of the storage place. To thii end it was important not on3,v to select
itestB sensitive to changes associated with the aging of rubber but also to make sure
~!that the said changes were proceeding at an even rate. Depending on the actual conft~
;ditione of storage, the thermal accelerated agift test must be conducted on rubbers
ieither under stress or vithout Lt., and In the medium the rubber is surrounded with.
'It is suggested that U6 therml tests be conducted In series at, 20C intervals,
,with an upper temperature level of 90-100C for natural rubber for natural rubber and
1110-130C for synthatic rubber. 3h the present Investigation stress was chosen as an---
lindex of aging. It vas conducted on IWO-mm plugs of vulcanized SKU-18 nOi~er i
i-Card

L 33 662 -63
'AccEssioN
under longitudinal pressure stress In an oil medl= at 50# 70, 90,, and .110C. The
magnitude of the stresss sigmas was measured Initially and after various time Intele-~
vals. Frm these, the kinetics of continuous relaxation of stress as vell as the
.storage life span of rubber SKN-18 at 25C Vera calculated, the latter amounting to
nine years, vhich appradmted the figure found from practice. Orig. art.. hast 9
iformLlas and 3 charts.
-ASSOCUMS: ffaucbno-1ss1edovs;U1'akiy Institut rezinovoy proWfthlennonti (Saieft-- -I
ific Research Instituto of Dabber Madustry)
SUJD132= t 00 DXW AM t 30VA763 2=1 01
So COES: 00 NO REF BOV: 009 Cow: 003
i Card g/x
N'

'WP(J)/EVF(c)/_EWT1(m)/BDS AFFTCIA.50 FsAlFcAlFr-h RF1/WW
ACCESSION IM:- AF3003288 S/0138/63/000,tOO6/0013/0017- 7
170
AUTHOR: Angert) L. 0. ; ~ndreyeva,_ A. I.; Nuz Iminskiy, A.__ S.,_
TITM : Aging' f vulcanized rubbers derived from methylvinylpyridine rubber
under static compression
:SOURCE: Kauchuk i rezina, no. 6, 1963, 13-17
TOPIC TAGSV compression, static compression, aging of rubber,, modulus of
:compression, kinetics of relaxation, thiuram resins, deformation
ABSTRACT: The prosi!nt study was undertaken to test the aging of vulcanized
rubber- articles subject to pressure in hydraulic instaMations. Six vulcanized
ruboers were prepared on a 85~ butadiene- and 15% 2-methyl-.5-vinylpyridine base.
;Cylinders Mby 10mm) were~aqueezed in a vise at. a constant 30% deformation and
allowed to age in the air and in nitrogen for a period of 10-20 daysp. at tempera-
tures ranging from 100-1500. The modulus of initial stress of the vulcanized
rubbers and the magnitude of their residual deformation were determined, It
was found that the rubbers vulcanized with thiuram as well as,with tetrachlor-
quinone were the most resistant to aging. Unlike the usually observed relation-
.ship between the rates of chemical relaxation and the accumulation of residual
,Card 1/2

L 13538-63 . ~ I---__._111_..__...,.__ -- - ~.. I- -- - - - - .. - 11 ~ ..1.1 1
ACCESSIO
1( 17: M003288
format era.-.-- Z
the presen study shoved the a tu~lation of- res dual deformtion proceeding -
c
faster tuban the relaxation'of stressThis may be due to the predominaace under
these conditions of structuration processes. The effect on aging of se7eral
orgmni- antioxidants-vas also,studied. Of these p-oxiphenyl -beta -naphtbylamine
was found to be the most effectAve In rubber vulcanized with sulfur and Altax.
Orig. art. has: 4 charts and 2 tables.
ASSOCIATION: Nauebno-insledovatel'skiy inatitut rezinovoy promy*shlennostl
(Scientific Researcb Institute of the Rubber Industry)
-BUD D: 00 DATE ACQ: IOJV163 ENGL: 00
SUB CODE: 00 NO M7 SOV: 007 OTM: (X*
2/2
Card

_17102-63 FP.H/EWP(J)/EP,F(--)/EWT(m)/BDS AFiTC/.ASD Ps-h/Pc-h/Pr-h
'ACCESSICR IIR: AP3004261 S1013816310001C071005210053
MTHM: KuzlminskiyA A. S.
77 TLR 'of the C
._C2afjrqM ouncil of Econorde k2per4jti 1'.0n the aging ond sta li-
~vqtion of vulcanized and nonvulconized rubbers
Kauchuk i rezina, no. 71 1963* 52-53
.70PIC TAGS: nonvulernized rubber, vulcinnized rubborp sging, stabilizer, oxidation,
;ozone
ABSTRACT. The. conference was hold at Po znan Foland, from I. ov. 77 - Dec. 2, 1962
Z~d' bad- 12 topics pertaining to cen-g and stabilication. of rubber an the eganda.
The phiticipants w6re specialists from Bulgnria,. Funviry, German Democriltic
Perublic, Poland, Rumanin, SSSR, and Czechoslovokla. Tha leading subjoctu dealt
vifth the proper selection of raw mterial, with erriphisis on resistance to agilig in
tror&cnl climate, with performrnee an-nlysis of rubberAtems and the role played by
ncing., Tn the review papers by Rusainn and Polish dologatos the rmiin Attention was ,
centered on the role of trachanical stresses on the torpGrature aging 9; rubhors, on
.aging at high temperatures and In troriet,2 climotes, as vell asj&Ln nder the
~-effect;of ionizing radiation A Soviat Troman dolegote pointed out irethoda of
LCO'id i/ - -------

tL:17102-63
1.1-t- Mlthbiiis --,of -antlfatiaue substances*_____-Other- Soviet specialists -recommended -for
jp~otection against ozone cracking and for enhancing resistance to fatigue the use of'
imicrocrystalline waxes 401CRA, Sentoflex, and Antilux. Of Creat practical importame
iwas the rork dealing with aging under stress. The formation of complexes r4th
6tals of variable valence was-'of interest. The Confer nee pointeO out the impor-
:tpnt work conducted in the SSSR, which devotes ruch sttention to the stabilizPtion
'of vulcanizotion centers as well,as to the stabilizsfion of the rolecular chnins.
';Yuch~ attention was given to the synthesis of,new vging_resist~pnt rubbers. Tt was
!,pointed t that Esso is producing cor-olymorslof isobutylenG'l lopontodiene, and
Asoproi hat are for more ozone-resistant thnn butyl rubbors.Phus, e.9., a
L
lcopolymae contnining 1% cyclopentadione and Z, isoprene not only possesses good
;rrechnnical properties but is e0 tijnes more ozone-resistont thtnn buty2 rubber. The
:grnftlng of special compounds, such as halogenated butyl rubber, to ozone-labile
fnaturnl rubber viss also stressed, as was the tddition of 30-40% Tolyvinylehlorldo
1nto n1trile rubber. It ras the genernl opinion thst the best protoction against
~ozone was offered by pnraphenylenedi amino derivatives, the tor) rorformance belongirg
,to a recently synthesized American derivative of paraphanylenediazine. A number'of'
other 3ubstnnees were listed that protected rubber, such as thiourea, diary1pmines,
otc. An Enst German delegate reconzended the use of phenyl-beta-naphtkVlnrdne as
~urell as rdcroci-jstalline waxes, such as Antdlux. The Czechoslovak delegate reported
card

L ~17l0243
!ACCESSIM 1-11R: AP3004261
.'Y .,::extensive work on rubber aEftn
a conducted in vnrious clim-stic zones (including
-~Nizeriw and tropienl Chins) aD recommended the use of not less thm 51~ ZnO, a
'nwmber: of nntioxidants, as well as rubbers containing oil and psrof fin. 'the Polish
:~delegnte recommended special rubbers and tires for vorious climatic zones in hluna&ry,
-minues ^or
Foland,'Rumania, East Germany, and the SSSR. rnification of the tecl
;tes+ing the performanoo of rubbers In the tropics, as rail on unificAtion of forimi-
w,as roconutendod. A terporature-tastAna chnriber for oxidntion studies in rubber
~,;At temperatures up to 200C was developed in Czechoslovakia, and an ozone chamber
4~d,th-instellations to-conduot deformation tests was built by-F,,lish
11 Tba Con.Perenee- adopted a resolution to set up three international cUmntic stations
',',6nd ',qlso organized the work on eging of rubbers to be conducted 1:~r member countries.
~'of the' Council for Economic Cooperation for the 1963-1965 period.
ASSOCIATIC11 nono
Slia-ITTED.* 00 DATE ACQ: 2lAug63
ENCL: 00
'SUB CODE: -CH SCV: 000 OTHER: 000:
N 0 REF
Card 311 -

3/190J63/005/003/0 15/02 4
BIOI/B203
A LITHORS s Dogteva, T. G.9 Sedova# L Mot Kustminakiy, A. S.
-TITLEt Thermal degradation of the fluorine-containing Kel-P
elastomer at temperatures above 3000C. II
PiRIODICALs Vyeokomolekulyarnyye soyedineniyal v. 5, no. 39 19639 376-384 1
TEXTs Continuing the paper published in Vysokomolek. coyed., ), 671t 1961$;
the thermal degradation of Kel-F# a tetrafluoro chloro ethylene vinylidene
OC. Result (1) Thai
fluoride copolymer, was studied,in vacuo at 340 - 380
effective activation energy of the degradation process is 53 kcaUmole.
(2) Products of molecular weight rj490 are mainly formed in the thermal do-
gradation. The effective activation energy during formation of these
products is alGo*53 kcal/mole. (3) Besides these "high-molecular" produotal
8-10 of a low-molocalar liquid is formed. The activation energy of its
formation is 35 kcal/mole. (4) HC10 HFg and F are formed as gaseous
2
products. (5) The presence of glass accelerates the liberation of the
hydrogen helidoea (6) A radical-ionic mechanism in assumed for the process,
-Card ~ 1/2 -