SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT IVANOV, V.YE. - IVANOV, YA.A.

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SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT
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L AUTHORS: Sinellnikov, K. D-,__I-.ra:-.ov, V. Ye.p 56-2-5/51 Ir Safronov, B. G., Azo U Aseyev, G. G. TITLE: The Separation of Isotopes in a !~on-Steady Molecular Flow (Razdoleniya izotopov pri nestRtsion:Lrnoti wolekulyarnow techenii) PERIODICAL: Zhurnal Eksperimentallnoy i Teoretit,-hes1toy Fizilzzi, 195G, Vol 34, Nr 2, PP 327-330 (US3R) ABSTRACT: In the non-steady molecular flow of i..ercury vapor a chan-e of the content of isotopes in the flow is -observed. The scheme of the r.,.easuring arrari,,'-enent is shown by a diagra:.i. As material served mercury which wac in a steel ar,-)oule and could be separated from the systei.-i by meazns of a valve. The content of mercury isotopes Yras netioured by means of the one-jet method for the liahtest and for tho heavieot isotope, and from these meai~ure-.ients P- I1q!J/I2?-J ivau calculated. The standard ratio po does not chall"o w thin 2 dayu. The just discussed measuremento were carried out by r:ieans of an iron tube and analo --ous meazurements were 'hen carried~ out Card 113 by means of a glass tube and a copper tUbo. The rel3V,.ltS r J! I'll, I" I The Separation of Isotopes in a Non-Steady '.1olecular Flow 65-2-9/51 obtained by the ~;laas-and the iron tube are .9hown in -a diagram, The mercury flow is enriched with the liFhter isotope iLimediately after its appearance and it takes about 8 hours to return again to the standard composition. The desorbed mercury is enriched with the heavy isotope. The time necessary for tile formatio.- of the steady flow as well as for the standard-lik,', isotope comj)ositioll decres'Oe3 at T - 29oOC. For a -lass tube at T - 2o 0C I;hi-- time is one tenth of that of ;izi iron tuba. Anot'Aer diagi-ram shows the results of measurements of the flow as nell as of the isotope composition in a copper tube r-t T - 2ooC. The course of the curves coincides qualitatively for copper and iron. The solution of tile absorption problo!.-I foiimcl by P. Claucinj (reference 1) coixicidos well with the experimental curve, which speaks in favor of the applicability of such calculations for the flow of mercury vapors through a glass tube. The analogous calculations for a copper tube proved the impossibility of the description of tile change of flow and of the composition of isotopes by means of Clausin,31a equation. The difference of curves for the flows throuGh an iron and through a copper tube are probably based on the Card 2/3 solution of the diffusion of mercury into the clepth of the 11h, 1111 1 The Separution of Isotopea In a *Ion-Steady .'Ilolecul.ar Flow 56-2-9/51 walla of the copper tube. Thus it was shown that the different sorption times lead to a separation of isotopes. This phenomenon must be conoidereel a soiree of error ill exact mass-spectroncopic measurements. There are 3 fii;uren and 2 references, 1 of which is Slavic. SUBMITTED: August 3o, 1957 AVAILABLE: Library of Congress 1. Isotopes-Sevaration 2. Mercury vapor-Molecular flow- Applications 3. Mercury isotopes-Measurement, Card 3/3 "M t i rF TRH R! Z ff! 1; 11 ! M H. RH ff I I !:HV 0 Lit V.).y 11 Ira opt a I.Z,ll IA4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - dual tag it M [!!L',- U'Ai LV I i 141122EULU 111AWM 1161V III 11~ A.~IEzbi i~i LIL 111 M.'a P. 11 S/i2o/60/000/01/038/051 AUTHORS: Ivanov, V.Ya. Vereshchajzin~"Hip-lltd Dealyashkevich, B.P_, -.,I I TITLE: High-pressureYHydraulic Compressor Employing Oil and Water PERIODICAL: Pribory 1 tekhnika eksperimenta, 1960, Nr 1, pp 126 - 128 (USSR) ABSTRACT: The compressor described is illustrated in Figure 1. It is designed for compressing large volumes of liquids to the pressures of 8 to 10 kati. It is a periodically operating machine in that one cycle is completed during each revolution of a crankshaft. The operatIng; cycle is as follows. From a container, the "operating" liquid is admitted through the gland 9 into the annular space between the cylinder 8 and the throttle 7 . The liquid has the input pressure of about 30 atm and through three apertures in the throttle is admitted into the annular space formed by the rod 10 and the internal surface of the piston. When the piston is lowered, the liquid is admitted into the channel 6 through the apertures in the rod and results in the lifting of the.-Y Cardl/3 TI T S/120/60/000/01/038/051 High-pressure Hydraulic Compressor Empyl;J4138il and Water 0 valve 13 The compression channel is filled thereby. As soon as the rod passes the lower dead point, the compression cycle is commenced. At the instant when the pressure in the compression chamber is several times higher than that behind the valve 12 the latter is opened and the compressed liquid is e3cl)elled. If the compressor operates with water it is necessary to lubricate the piston and the rod. This is done by employing a hypoid grease to the piston 6 and rod 10 and the tightening cylinders 14 . The performance of the compressor is illustrated in Figures 1. and 2. Curve I of Figure 2 shows the change of the compressor performance (in litres/min) as a function of the force applied, the input pressure being constant. Figure) 3 illustrate.-ti the losses due to piston friction as a function of the pressure applied. Curve I of Figure 3 represents the hydrostatic pressure, while Curve 2 shows the force received by the rod 10 . The overall dimensions of the compressor (including the mounting frame and the electric motor) a Card2/3 length 1.5 m; width 0.8 m and height 1.5 m. S/120/60/000/01/038/051 High-pressure Hydraulic Compressor Empjl?j4E3 0 9 813. and Water There are 3 Soviet references and 3 figures. ASSOCIATION: Institut fizilci vysokikh davlenly AN SSSR (Institute of Physics of High Pressurep of the Ac.Sc.,USSR) SUBMITTED: October 15, 1958 Card 3/3 85043 12-1 S' S/126/60/olo/oo4/012/023 `2 , 6. E021/E4o6 AUTHORS: 1X9R9K.__K1X~, Amonenko, V.M., Tikhinskiy, G.F. and Kruglykh, A.A. _Y1 TITLE: Refining Beryllium by Vacuum Distillation PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, 1960, Vol.10, No.4' PP-581-585 TEXT: Previous work (Refs.11 ta 14) had shown the possibility of purifying beryllium from certain elements despite similar volatilities of these elements and beryllium. The present work -as carried out using a diffusion pump giving residual. pressurea o 10-5 to 10-6 mm Hg. A beryllium oxide crucible was used for evaporating the beryllium, heated by molybdenum spirals. The condensing column, placed over the crucible, is shown in Fig.l. Condensation took place on the molybdenum plate on the inside of the column. The condensation surface was heated to 90.0 to 11000C (measured by a pyrometer and by thermocouples) and the optimum temperature was determined. Fig.2 shows the ratio of the impurity content in the original material (qp) to the impurity in the condensate (ql) plotted against the temperature of evaporation (1 - iron, 2 nickel, 3 copper, 4 silicon). Fig-3 t5hows Card 1/3 IN 'ELL I ILI LEH U 7 . i 45043 S/126/6o/olO/004/012/023 E021/E4o6 Refining Beryllium by Vacuum Distillation the change in manganese content with increasing column -temperature. A similar change occurs with aluminium. Fig. 4 shows that 85 to 90% of the original material can be distilled before the impurity concentrations increase to any extent. Fig-5 shows a column with baffles which has been used very successfully. The table gives; the chemical composition of the initial beryllium (ser-ond column) and the beryllium after distillation (third column using a simple condensing column, and the fourth column using 1)nffles). The purest beryllium' is obtained in the middle zone and is 99.99% alIart from oxygen (0.04%) and carbon (0.02%). The carbon originates from oil vapours from the diffusion pump, and the oxygen from Eublimation of the crucible material (Beo) and reactions between beryllium and the crucible material to form Be20- The microhardness of the distilled beryllium (99.98%) decreased to 130 kg/i=2 for monocrystals and the hardness of the cast metal was 100 Hb - et decrease by a factor of 1.5 to 2. The low plasticity of the bcryllium is explained by the considerable quantities of carbon and oxygen still present. There are 5 figures, 1 table and 16 references: 8 Soviet and 8 English. Card 2/3 !:1,!j '~M ~" 7 IVAN(T.TP V. Y9j SlIELZKOll K. D., AINIOWMKO., V. bl., axid jUtblll-ljkITj, G. 17.4 "Som-a Properties of Pure Bervllium. report presented (by V. Ye. Ivanov) at the Atomic Energy ReBearch Establlebxent Harwell UK August 1961 Physical-Technical Inst. ) Aced. Sci. Ukr SSR 92-0-0 1111'~1111191 W51-1 899110 S/l26/6.i/ol:I/OOI./DO6jC6:'9 F,021/E496 AUTHORS: Ivanov, V.Ye.,_Shapoval, B.I. and A Ako4 V M rITLE: Study of Phase TransformationJt in Zirconium and Berylliumby an ;rnal FirC.-tion Uothad 13BRIODICAL: Fizika me allov i metallovedeniye,61961, V01.11, No,l, pp.52-58 TEXT: The phase transformations were studied by folloiring them changes in internal friction during heating. Tho method of !measuring the internal friction used force oscillations during ;resonance, when changes in internal friction can be followed by changes in the resonance amplitude. The method consixted in clamping one end of a specimen and applying torsional vibrations ..to the free end by the use of solenoids, 'measuring the amplitude produced. The working part of the sample was placed in a_tube furnace. Measurements were carried out in a vacuum of 10 to lo-5 mm Hg. Samples of zirconium were prepared by the iodide method, preliminarily rolled in a vacuum mill at 900*C with 65% re.duction. Samples.for testing were cut from the strip and annealed in vacuo for two hours at 8009C. Samples of beryllium were cut from the cylindrical specimens made by Rpwder Metallurgical Card l/jjj T 1 89940 S/126/61/oll/ool/oo6/019 f rcn/EO6 an Study of Phase Transformations in Zirconium*and Beryllium by Internal Friction Method methods, and annealed at 1000*C for one hour in high vacuum, Three p%aks were observed in the temperature vs internal friction (Q-1.10 ) curve of zirconium, i.e. at 260, 645 and 875% (Fig-3)- The peak at 645% was caused by viscous flow in the grain boundaries~ The peaks at 260 and 875 'OC wereof more interest. These peaks did not change with change in frequency (from 56 cps to 29 and 72 cps) of the applied oscillations. This confirmed that the waximum at 2600C was caused by a transformation in the metal structure. The height of the peak at 2600C depended on the rate of heating of the i sample, At rates of 20C/minute and less the maximum did not appear and at higher rates the value of the maximum increased. It wits proposed that this was caused by the formation of hydride. Additional experiments showed that the peak disappeared after treatment in vacuum at 7000C for seven hours which removed the hydrogen, The peak at 8750C was present even at the low rate of heating and corresponded to a polymorphic transformation. A peak was observed in the internal friction vs temperature curve Of beryllium between 600 and 7000C. This peak also appeared after Card 2/4 89940 S/126/61/011/001/006/019. E021/EhP6 in Zirconium and Beryllium by an Study of,Phase Transformations Internal Friction Method 'C: 'M ~' high rates of heating and was not present at low rates. After heatin in hydrogen, both the internal-friction of zirconium irL 9 . the region of 2600C and that of beryllium at 600 to 700*C showed a hysteresis effect. Acknowledgments are expressiod to I.A.Gindin for disc--ssion of the work. There are 6 figures, 2 tables and 5 references: 4 Soviet and 1 non-Soviet. 1ASSOCIATION- Fiziko-tekhnicheakiy institut AN UkrSSR (Physicotechnical Institute AS UkrSSR) SUBMITTED: July 2, 1960 Card 3/4 16119 3-,453 ~oo S/1 , 26/61/012/006/010/023 .2- / 019 E021/E435 ATITHORS: Amonenko, V.M Ivanov Tikhinskiy, G.F., Finkel', VsA., pagin, I.V. TITLE: The high temperature polymorphism of beryllium PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, v.12, no.6, 1961, 865-872 TEXT: Measurements of the electrical conductivity of beryllium were carried out on specimens in the form of plates about 0.3 mm thick, prepared by condens ng beryllium vapour on molybdenum sheet at 3000C and 2 x 10- mm Hg pressure. The beryllium was of purity 99.96 to 99.97% (total metallic impurities 0.015S, oxygen content 0.01% and carbon content less than 0.02%). The density of the beryllium was 1833 g/cm3. The plates had axial symmetry with the [001] axis perpendicular to the surface. Electric resistance measurements were carried out in the range 18 to 12800C, in an atmosphere of purified helitIlTi above 9000C. Fig.1 shows the relation between temperature and relative electrical resistance of beryllium. Curve I its for 99-97% beryllium and shows a continuous smooth increaso with increa,-4e in Card 1/3 Ref.6-.,,,--S*-i-.-d-chu S.S. Henry C.O. J. Appl. Phys-'.--"'v.21', Card 2/3 I 33453 S/126/61/012/006/010/023 The high temperature ... E021/E435 1036; Ref-7: Seybolt A., Lukesh I., White D. J. Appl. Phys., V,,22, 1951, 986; Ref.11: Martin A.J., Moore A.J. Less-Common Met., v.1, (2), 1959, 85- ASSOCIATION: Piziko-tekhnicheskiy institut AN UkrSSR (Physicotechnical Institute AS UkrSSR) SUBMITTED: April 19, 1961 RcRd! R,, LX Fig.l. Card 3/3 --&v IVANOV, V. Ye.; SHAPOVAL, B. I. "Vnutrerneye Treniye V Uranye" Report presented at the Symposium on Radiation DamaCe in Solids and Reactor Materials (IAEA) Venice, 7-1-1 May 1962 N V.YE., hTiIJGLYK14, A.A., PANJWV, K011TUN, G.P. Aw, ATNIONEMKOVT.M. 19~leasurrmtnt of the vapor pressure of uranium containing compatinds." Repvrt presented at the IAEA 'Ymposium on tlB Thermodynarrdcs of Nuclear :Materials. Vienna, Austria 21-26 May 1962 ZELENSKIY, V. F. and -IVANOVp .Ye . "Corrosion of Magnesium -Beryllium. Cladding Alloys" report presented at the IAEA Symposium. on Corrosion of Peactor Materials, Salzburg, Austria, 4-9 June 1962. s/862/62/col/ooo/oo5/o12 E202/949P. AUTHORS t Gumenyuk, V.S., lyano'~_' VJ0., Lebodev, V,V. TITLE: Determination of the thermal conductivity Of aletals at temperatures in excess of lOOO*C SOURCE: Teplo- i massoperonos. t.l: Teplofizicheskiya kharakieriatiki materialov i metody ikh opredeleniya. Ed. by A.V.I,ylcov and B.M.Smollskiy. Mintsk, Izd-vo AN BSSR, 1962, 94-101 TEXT: A method and apparatus developed in the-Fiziko-tekhnicheamy, institut AS USSR (Physico-Technical Institute AS UkrSSR.)-for measurement of the thermal conductivity of metals and alloys up to their melting-point are described. Calculation pf-the thermal. conductivity requires determination of the specific electrical resistance, the amount of current and the distribution of temperature along the samples, which are in the forin of right- circular cylinders (e.g. wires). The apparatun coi.aprises a vacuum chamber with the sample placed between two wixter-cooled clamps and connected to the electrical supply. . Surface temperature measuremento are carried out by means ot a micro- Card 1/2 s/862/62/001/000/005/012 Determination of the thermal ... E202/9492 pyrometer of the disappearing filament type, mounted on 9L cathetometer so tha" the measurement3 may be taken ailong the whole length of the sample. The samples used were within 0.5 to'5 ma ' " * - in diameter and the d *istance between'the clamps could be .varied tip to 250 mm. As an example, the authors carrked out'meamurentent of electrical resistivity and conductivity of Mo, Ta ahd W wires anti developed from first principles the heat*balance equations, considering the loss due to radiation and conductivity only. The method is recommended on account -of the relatively*simple apparatus and relatively high accuracy, and was.tried within the range from 0 to 1200*C. IIt was found that within the above range, .the thermal conductivities of all the metals studied decrease with'' t,emperature,. There are 7 figures. ASSOCIATION.: Fiz.iko-t*ekhnicheskiy institut AN UkrSSR (Physico-Tachnical Institute AS UkrSSR) C.axd 2/2 S/12o/62/ooo/ool/ohM61 /Y. Pi C B039/E485 AUTHORS: Gumenyuk, V.S., Ivanov, V.Ye. Labedev, V.V. TITLE: The determination of the thermal and electrical conductivity of metals at temperatures higher -than 100011C PERIODICAL: Pribory i' teklinika eksperimenta, no.1, 1962, 185-189 TEXT: The investigation of the thermal properties of metals and alloys at high temperatures is of considerable interest in the theory of niietals and for practical applications. There is no published data in the Soviet literature on the thermal conductivity of refractory materials and only a limited number of non-Soviet papers. In the method described the sample in rod Ix form is heated by an electric current in a vacuum. Differ&;tial equations are set up, taking into account the Stefan-Boltzman radiation law, a,--d formulae are derived for determining the coefficient of thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of the sample material. In order L'o obtain the required data it is necessary to measure the potential difference on the working length of the sample and also the terip6rature distribution over the Card 1/2 S/120/62/000/001/048/061 The determination of the thermal ... E039/E485 same length. This must be done for two samples differing either in length or diameter. The samples are held in water cooled clamps in the vacuum chamber and the potential difference along them is measured by means of two tungsten or molybdenum probes and a potentiometer. The temperature is measured by means of a micro-optical pyrometer omn-oiq iomploiq), fastened to the moving carriage of a cathetometer, which enables an accurate temperature distribution to be obtained. The thermal conductivity X and specific resistance P for tantalum is shown to vary from X = 0.1129 cal/cm sec OC and F = 50.50 micro ohms cm at 9000C to X = 0.0904 cal/cm sec OC and () = 108.112 micro ohms cm at 25000C. There are 4 figures and 1 table. ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut AN UkrSSR (Physicotachnical Institute AS USSR) SUBMITTED: May 11, 1961 Card 2/2 S/126/62/013/001/006/01a E021/E5110 \17THORS Verkhorobi n, L. F. , LyAU,.g_v_,__YYe. Mil tyusherilv), N. N. Nech i porenico, Ye. P. , Pugacllev ~,7 S. and A. 1. Diffusion reactions -in the Mo-Si, W-Si- atid T--i-S.Li Systems PE'I'IODICAL: Fi z i. ka m e ta I lo v i m e t a I lo ved en i y e, V - 13, no . I . 196 2 77-81 T; "Vr The processes occurring (luring the saturettion of mo.1 yb(I clitilij, Uingsten anti tantalum by .9ilicon on ther*mal diffusion .."(We stiidied. Metallic samples were hoated in siliccm I)owder in a vacmun of 10-5 mm mercitry in the range 1150-13500C. n,,! silicide layer, formed on the surface of the metals, was 1~xmriinvd by metallographic and X-ray analysis. The resxilts showed that the saturated layer was produced, in the main, through the vispour phase. The first stage was the formation of loirer sllicide,,t. Afterwards, higher silicides are formed. At 121110%, the disilicide appears after 0.3, 1. anti 3 hours on 14, Ta anti Mo, respectively. Once the disilicide tins appeared, further gi-owth occurs largely by this phase, Lind only after a definite Hii.ckneS15 has be n attained is there a retardation in grou-th ol' rli.,~;ilicide Card U2 Diffusion reactions in Lhe S/126/62/013/001/006/0.1 8 EO'-'I/'L"58() a and increased growth in the layers of lower silicide. I i, I, shown from X-ray analysis and from tile chnnE,'e ill for"I of, tile samples during diffusion that preferential dif[*miion of r~ilicoji through tile silicide layer occurred, and the reactimi le-iding to tile formation of the phame takes place mainly at the InLvrazal boundary of tho layer. There are 7) fiqUI-OS alld 2 tabIM-4. ASSOCIATIONz Fiziko-telchnicheskiy institut AN (Jkr*SSR (Physico-tochnical Institute AS UkrSSR) SUIKAIWED: April -25, 1961 Card 2/2 S/126/ 62/013/004/021/022 E039/E435 AUTHORS: Ivanov, V.Ye., Lebedev, V.V. TITLE: On the relation between the lattice and electron components of thermal conductivity in metals PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, v-13, no-11, 1962, 632-635 TEXT: Assuming that the experimental values of thermal conductivity are equal to the sum of one component duet to the motion of electrons and another due to the vibration of the lattice the following expression is obtained from the Wiedemann- Franz relation Xobs = Xe + X,~ =Lo + X(b (3) aT 7r- oT where Xobs is the experimental value of thermal conductivity; Xe the componant due to electrons; K(~.that due to the lattice; a the electrical conductivity; T the absolute temperature and Lo the Lorentz number. In this work is considered the Card 1/3 11T ii :1 1 i11 1 s/126/62/013/004/021/022 On the relation between E039/E435 - possibility of making a more rigid division of the experimental values of thermal conductivity into the electron and lattice components at high temperatures. The electron component is independent of temperature while the lattice component decreases with increasing temperature. The thermal conductivity of Mo and W is measured at temperatures up to about 22000C and shown to approach a constant value asymptotically. This value, must eqiial Xe. Values of X.b are given for Pt, Pb and Cd for temperatures up to 5009 282 and 2520C respectively. Valuen of Xe and Xt are given for Cu, Au, Ag and Al up to 7000C. In. the case of W, ke is equal to 0.204 cal/cm.0C.sec while Xq.~, varies from 0.071 at 9000C to 0.012 cal/cm.0C.sec at 22000C. The dependence of the Lorentz number on temperatuEe is also obtained. In the case f Cu it varies from -2.3 x 10- at 1000C to -2.46 x 1o-9 at 5000C. * It is concluded that: 1) The divisi.on of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of metals into electron and lattice components-:with the aid of Eq.(3) appears to be incorrect. 2) At temperatures near to the Debye temperature it is impossible to neglect the lattice componvnt of the thermal Card 2/3 s/126/62/013/004/021/022 On the relation between E039/E435 conductivity, even for good thermal conductors. 5) The Wiedemann-Franz law is not fulfilled near the characteristic temperature for metals. It is suggested that a more rigarous experimental investigation is required for a wider range of materials. There are 2 figures and 3 tables. ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut AN 'UkrSSR (Physicotechnical Institute AS UkrSSR) SUBMITTED: May 22, 19061 Card 3/3 0 sjj~~6/62/oWooi/oi2/018 2193/F,383 AUTHORS: Amonenko, V.M., Ivanov, V.Ye., Tikhinskiy, G%F. and Fink el.' , V.A. TITLE: On the problem of the solubility of impurities in beryllium PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye,-v. 111,,no. 1, 1962, 128 - 130 TEXT: Data on the solid solubility of nonmetallic impurities (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen) in beryllium are scarce and sometimes contradictory. This prompted the present authors to study this problem by comparing the temperatkLre-dependence of the-lattice parameters of high-purity berylfium with that of beryllium containing nonmetallic impurities in quantities sufficient to ensure the formation of saturated solid solutions. These relationships are demonstrated in Fig. 1, where the magnitude (IcX) of a *(lefthand scals) and c (righthand scale) is plotted against the temperature ( C), the broken and continlious curves relating, respectively, to specimens containing 0.14'a impurities (mainly C and 0) and 99.980,6 pure beryllium, Card l/Gi --) -7) I F-, s/lz6/62/ol4/001/03.2/018 On the problem of E193/E383 the dotted liiies representing data obtained by Martin and Moore ( Less-Com. Metals, 1959, 1, no. 2, 85~ for cormnercial- grade metal. The solubility limit at 1 200 C was evaluated in the following manner: experimental data on the degree of lattice distortion IcX/1 at.0,6) of Ti and Zr due to dissolution of oxygen (C.F. Domogola, D.J. McPherson--- J. Metals, 1954, 6, 2, 238; E.S. Bumps, H.D. Kessler, II. Hungen - Trans.. ASM, 1953, 45, 1008) were plotted against the reciprocal of the volume of the elementary cells of these metals (i.e. against the value characterizing the size of the interstitial pores); on linear extrapolation of this graph to the reciprocal of the volume and elementary cell of Be, the magnitude of Le = 0.02 IcX/1 ate%",was obtained, which corresponded to the total solubility of interstitial impurities equalling 1 to 1.50,10'. This value, although evidently too high owing to inaccuracy of extrapolation and inability to talto into account tho inarfathae in the thermal-expansion coefficient due to distortio-ji of the vibration spectrum of the lattice by the impurity atoms, is not in contradiction to the value of 0.30' obtained by metallographic '0 analysis (J. Greenspan. TID - 7526 (part 1), 1957 (quoted Card 2/ s/126/62/ol/k/001/012/018. On the problem of .... B193/E383 dccordine, to G.E. Darvin, I.H. Budery - "Beryllium", London, 1.960, p.'291)). There are 2 figureB. ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut AN UkrSSR (Physicotechnical InstItute of the AS UkrSSR) SUBMITT M-: December 2, 1961 Card IVANOV., V. Ye.; TIECHIPORMO, Ye. P.; OSIPOV, A. D.; MIT V. 1. f .1 Effect of etresses on defects in silicide layers on molybdenum. Fiz. met. i metal-loved. 14 no.4:574-577 0 162. NIRA 152-10) Netallic filia-Defects) (Thermal stressea) AMONENKOt V.M.; IVANOV. V.Y TIKHINSKIYIIG.F.; FINXELlp V.A. X-ray study of the solubility of impurities in beryllix. Fiz, met.i metalloved.'14 no.6*852-856 D 1624/ (MA 1612) 1. Fiziko-tAkhnicheakiy institut AN TjaWR. (Beryllium--Inclusiorui) (X raya-Industrial applications) S/OBOJ62/035/009/006/014 D204/D307 AUTHORS: Ivanov, V.Ye.# Somov, A.I., and Yarovgy,. V*G* TITLE: The kinetics of vacuum siliciding PERIODICAL: Zhurnal prikladnoy khimii, v, 35t no. 91 1962y 1960 - 1964 TEXT; The above problem was studied theoretically and experimental- ly in view of the advantages of this process and high quality of the resultant coatings, By coneidering a vapor interacting with a solid to form a layer of product upon the .latter, w1lich is of thick- ness 1 after a time t, and assuming that the vapor is supplied into the reaction zone at a rate much lower th2ln the rate of mutual. dif- fusion of reactants through the layer formed, it is shown on general grounds that- 1 should vary linearly with t. The relation between 1 and t becomes parabolic if the rate of chemisorption of the vapor dpon the solid surface is higher than the rate of diffusion through the layer. To confirm these results 10 X 10 X 1,5 mm sPeciment, of' Ta and 11o were silicided by a method similar to that described by Gorbunov, using Si powder (0-5 - 1.0 mm), at 12009 12509 1300 and Card 1/2 Card 2/2 i lit! it f IV~AYOV,_V.Ye_-_KOVTUN, S.F.; TARASOV, N.D.; ULIYANOV, R.A. Vacuum rolling of chemically active metals. TSvet. not. 35 no.11:85-88 N 162. (KRA 15:11) (Vacuum metallurgy) (Rolling (Metalwork)) .IVAN 11 V. Ye., MUMMY, V. F., VOLOGSHCHUK, A. I., MINYUK, V. U., "Urand vjn -based Cermet Alloys" Report submitted for the Conference on New Nuclear MaterialB Technology including Non-Metallic Fuel Elements (IAKA), Prague, 1-5 July 1963 IVANOV, V Ye ZELENSKIY, V. F., FAYFER, S. I., ZIRW(:)V, S. M., SAVCHENKO V. I.) Nagnasium Cermets and Magnesium-Deryllitun Alloys Report submitted for the Conference on New Nuclear M&tdrialB Technology including Non-Metallic Fuel Elements (LAZA), Prague, 1-5 July 1963 T1171" IVANDVs V.YE.j ZELENSKIYj V.F.$ KOLENDOVSKTrs H.G.,, MLOIMETS9 L.D. Impregnation of Graphite with Liquid SiUcon in a vacuu..* Report. submitted for the Confezvnce on Now Nuclear Haterials Tacbnoloey including Won-Metallic Fuel Slemnts (IAFA)., Prague, 1-5 July 63 IVMOV 11. Ye. ; Z1-,,LEDJSK1Y, V. F. "Development of ~jeat-resi~;tarit fue.' n1rigs report submitted for 3rd Intl Conf, Peaceful- Uses of Atomic Enel-C-y, Geneva. 31 Aug-9 Sep 04. AOOESSION XR: AP4020694 8/0089/64/016/004/0325/0332 AUTHORS: Xvanov, V.Y.a.; Zelenskiy, V.P.; Stukalovp A*L; AzeireWcop A.V.; Ty*rlnag L.V.; Gordlyeako, Yaols; Kunchenkop V.V. TITLE: The relationship between the texture of hardened uraniuM and the tvpe*of heating and other aspects of heat treatments 'SOURCE: Atomnaya enerGiya, v.16, no.4, 1964v 325-332 TOPIC TAGS: phase rearystallization, heat treatment, uranium t 'reat- ment, polymorphic transformation, multiple hardening, beta phaset al- pha phase, phase transformation, annealed uranium, livioar expansloa,, slow cooling, diffusion conversion. ABSTRACT; It has now been established that the radiative growth of uranium Is largely determined by the nature and promidentfeatures of its texture. An attempt has been made to destroy the uranium texture resulting from a single hardening process by sub4ectiN; it to govetal such processes (up to 4 times)., The result was a*pulvorization. of the grain and disappearance of the texture, although theauthoro o1alm that the latter requires additional verification,, 01pinions Vally as to Card 1/2 ACCESSION TM: AP4029694 the best method of hardening uranium with a view to'limitAg its In- creasing radiation. The tests made In this conneotion Included harde-- nin,; the uranium eamples In the beta- and gamma-phases, followed by the slow-cooling and water-cooling methods. The test results indicate that the texture of.hardened uranium is determined primarily by the paranetersof the heat treatment of the metal, and the following con- plusions are therefore justified: 1) thei texture of hardened uranium depends on the nature of the heat treatment but primarily on the dura- tion of exposure to high-iomperaturo ph~aaes; 2) the greatest.deatruc- tion of the texture was noted in the samples that had been heat-treat- ed under the effee. of tensions produced by theralo gradients or ex- ternal efforts, and 3) in the case of low and moderate beating opeads,'. the texture of hardened uranium is determined to a large extent by the'. tec'nology of the uranlum production and the duration of its expomire in Wie beta-phase before the hardenin Orig., art. bAts: 9 fl6ures*, ASSOCIATION: None SUM11TUD: ~Omay*3 DATE ACQ: OlKay64 ENGL;* 00 SUB OODDs Mi NS NR R33F SOV: 015 OTHER: 005 Card 2/2 most MH R~ L ACCESSIOIN VIR: AP41013097 s/0226/64/017/00-1/0094/0099 AUM M: lvr#nov, Ve Yoe; Hoohiporanko, Yes P,; Zmiy., V. 1. TITIZ: Stuay of reaction diffusion in the Mo - Si system SCUME: Mika metallov i matallovad. 'v. 17, no, 1., 1964,, 94-99 TOPIC TAGS: metal diffusicnj, reaction diffusion, silicon diffusion., molybdenum silicide, molybdenum silicon systez, silicide phase foxmation, vacuum allicaticia ABSTIMCT: Previouzly 'published papers of the first two authors ancl others on variotir, aspects of the reacticn diffusicn of sillcm-saturated molybdenum, tungste4 and Untalum in vacuum have led to the conclusion that in the Ho - Si By-.tca the predominant role is played by diffusion of the silicon through the silicide layer; that is I the phase f ormation reaction takes place primarilv, on the ivWmal bouad-- ary of the layer. The present article confims this ccnc1=ioa,, The kinetic czpccts of the vacuum si3ication of the molybdenum vere Qlao.studied. The authors found tbat the grwth of &iff=icn IsVer.- of M05;3i and MOSiZ, Ms a function Of time.# ob,.-ys a parabolic 1w. From the pcxabo3.ic Oawrth of the silicide layers the authors canIxited the silicon diffusion factors in No Si and Moft 2 at 1250C* Used in the diffusion study were flat molybdenum samplas 4CAil milMZetar in size.'Vhe Card 1/2 ACCESSION IM: AS4013M siliccn employod in the tests was in the fo= of powder with a grain size of 5-7 mic-'-Onz (purity factor: 99&9Z). The sampleg v3re located in a mo4bdenum bath and thoroughly sprinkle& vith the powder@ The bath with the mples van in- sertcd, through a preembustion ch=ber into a furnace with a moi~rbdoa= beater set at*.the proper temperatureo Orig. art. bxw: 6 figures, 2 foxmulas;, and I table@ ASSOCIATIM: Fiziko-tekhnichaskly inatitut AN USSR (Physicoteelmical I=Ututep AN MaSSR) sumc2m: o3m=63 nA= ACq: 26rab64 =L: 00 SUBCCDE.* HL; IH NO REF S(Ar: 009 C05M t 000 Card 2/2 14 Jj 1 Ml M-"j Acassiai tm: AP4013101 S/01.26/641/0171001/01412/0144 AMM: Ivancv, V. Yoe; nochiporanko, Ya. P,,; Zmiy,, V. I.; Glushkoj, P. I.; Alell=androv.. G- N.; Dorolihov,, V. 1. TITLE: HiGh-temperatue addation of mo4bdenum disilicide SOURCE: Flzika metallov i metallovee... v. 17, no. 1, 1901, 142-144, TOPIC TAGS.- r.Lo2,,,bden=, silicon., mo3,ybden= disilicide., molylxlenua (lisilicide o.,:ddatim, molybdenum disil-icida micrahardness ABSTRACT: Molybdenun disiliciae is a metal with great prami". foruse in stru.ctut--3 designed to vithstnnd. high temperatures. In the technical literatwe there axe data on the oacidation Of MCS12 achieved by various methods: hot presaing, sinterin% etc. The authors of this short article conducte(I a study of the Id-netics of MaGi 2 =idatioa in a temperature interval of 14100-17000 using a hiah-temparature recist- ance furaacc. 11be heater was a spiral 5t= in diameter made fzcm a molybdenuri rod. For acidatim, sqmples off molybdenum disilicide 25XIOX0.15 = In size were used; these samples were obtained by the vacuum method.. The temperature was ccatrolled by a the:rmozouple (Pt - Rh 7~ center: rt-Rh 2eo) and an optical pyTaneter., the latter placed directly ca the heater. The temperature graLuteb betwton the beater C.,d 1/2 A!:L,TssicN im: AP4013101 and, tnie s=pia war. not more than 30C. A metallographic analytis OE 1226 Sample -carried out ,Iith an, 104-7 microscope, with micrchardness tested on a R-U-3 instru- me-It. oxidation time was 10 hours. It, was found that with inexeasing time and tomparature the o%idizability Of MoS12 Increases., the rate of oxidation obeyinf; 4 parabolic law. No transition from a parabolic law of oxidation t7o PL -logarithmic 017a irwis detecte& in the tests. X-ray analysis in the temperature range :Indicated (1400-1700C) revcalLq an =orphouz oxide fi3m ca the Burface'cX the oxidized sonple% Preliminary analysis shaved that this film, in addition to SiOp, cmtains unk=m components. These are, apparently, lower molybdic oxides, the vapor tensica of, ,&ich is I(x7er thcm that of bloO . The microhardneas of the molA44,P= diailicide, ~fhilfh did not change during the oxidAtion process, vas 1200 Origo at e has: 3 figures. ASSOCIATICU: Fiziko-te1chnicheskiy institut AN USSR (PhysicaLechnical Institute* AN UlaSSR) SUBMI=: 03Z~6,.s DATE Aca.: 26Feb64 EWL: 00 SUB =,F: HL NO PEF SOT: 005 OMEM: 003 Card 2/2 L 18116-65 M(J)IEW(1)IW(o)IEWG(k)lFdT(m)IEPF(c)IEPF(n)-211PRIEFX(b)-?I&P(b) Fz_6/Fr_h/Pe_~/Fu-h IJP(c)/AFWL/SSD VW%AT1.'eA ACCESSION NR: AP4049532 SIO 64/017/005/0329/0335 AUTHOR: Millionshchikov, M. D.; Gver dtaiteli, I. G.; Akramov, A. L.1 Gorlov, L. V.; Gubanov Yu D - Yefremov, A. Asj- Zhukov, V. F. ,Y L_9~ - Iva -_v'.2_._F-FEptelov, Ye. A., KosovskiX, V. G.j: nov.,_V. Ye.; Kovy*riin, Kukharkin, N. Ye.; Kucherov, R. Ya.1 Laly*kin, S. P.; Kerkin, V. 1.11 e-cE a- Yu. A.; P,~z_dnyakov 13. S.1 Ponomarev-Stepn2l, ti. P yev, Samarin, Ye.N. Sero7'_T.__Ya__oL Usov, V. A. G. Y, Yakutovich, M. V.1 Khodakov, V. A.; V. V.; Ko TITLEs The "Romashka" high -temperature reactor-convertar/7 SOURCEt -Atomnaya energiya, v. 17, no. S. 1964, 32s,--335 TOPIC TAGSs nuclear power reactor, reactor feasibility study, re- search reactor, thermoelectric converter/Romashka ABSTRACTj The authors brienydes6ribe the construction, pibrameters, test results, and operating experience of the "Romaahka" reactor- Card 18316-65 ACCESSION NR: AP4049532 converter unit, which has been in operation at the Xurchatov Atomic Energy Institute since August 1964 The fuel used is uranium di- - X~d beryllium are used as carbide enriched to 90% U235. ~raph~ie reflectors. Electricity is generated by silicon-germanium semicon- ductor thermocouples distributed on the outer surface of the reflec- tor and connected in four groups which can be connected in series or in parallel. The temperatures of the active zone and outer sur- face are 1770 and 1000C, respectively. The power ratir~gs are 0.50- 0.80 kW electric and 40 kW thermal, the maximum current (parallel connection) is 88 A, the neutron flux in 1013 nout/cml sac in the center of the active zone and 7 x 012 on its boundary. Tho reactor has . negative temperature reactivity coefficient. The equipment has high inherent stability and requires no external regulator, and little change was observed in the thermocouple properties after 2500 hours of operation. Tests on the equipment parameters are continu- ingi and the results are being analyzed for use in future designs. Orig. art. has: 8 figures and I formula. Card 2/3 7 "T" " - - --------- i~ TI Frq li ~611 ilk 91~jj.CG ~i~ttg .... ............. BURLAKOV, V.D.; LAPIN, V.Yo.; KUtILO, YU,P-; SOV'011, A-l'. Alumdnum recovery from funed aluminooilicates by vaporization in vacuum. TSvet. mot. 37 no.6:71-73 Jo 164. 6-11w, -1,1.9) In flip, F"Ll BORISENKO,l A.I.Y doktor tekbn. nauk, otv. red.; TOROFOV, N.A., -V.T,).,, rAd.; APPEN, A.A- , do' t r khim red.; jygOV.,: K'O nauk, red.; GORBUNOV, 11.3., dolctor kbim. nauk, red. 1 KLEVTSUR, S.A., doktor tekhn. nauk, red.; NEC111POM10, Ye.F. .. doktor 'ekhn. nauk, red. (Ifeat-resiatant coatings; transactions] Zharostoikio po- krytiia; trudy. Leningrad, Naukay 1965. 233 p. (MIIIA 18t9) 1. Seminar po zharostoykim pokrytiyam, Leningradp 1964. 2. Chlon-korreopondent M S:M (for Toropov, Ivanov). ACC NR: ..... ........... 'Ev"T (m) /WP (t) IJP(c) JD1JW Soo4741 Monograph bor MizenlyeTtO4., Papiroy Igor' Isaakovich; Z.Vi1naklir FJAL~l im ~nko ~~asiliy maki avich po"ctl; A~r ,Sn Pure and superpure metals; production by the method of di'11.1411a.4-iollin a Miumil (Chistyyni sverkhchis~y_ye metally; poluchonlye metodom .dliwi-i-ily-iLtakii V Vakinim) illus,o J*ijblia. A,100 cryPies (Moscow], Izd-vo "Metallurgiya"o 1965. 263 p- printed TOPIC TAGS: vacuum distillation,, metal vapor deposition# flietalloxigic proodias PURPCGE AND COVERAGE: The book presents the theoretical ptinciples of the. nepastion, of metals by evaporation, calculations of different biwxy metallic systeauip and. a discussion of the advantages and shortcomings of the metbod. of a1A .aining 1mire metals by distillation in vacuum. The apparatus used to distill instals flad the teia:inology of its construction are described. The results of laboratcFry tw4ta an purification of various metals by distillationp the parameters of the qrparatng~, the opL%ratilig corb ditions for the processesp and also cowiercial Installstioms fox. vacuum ditstilUtions are considered In detail. The book in designed for engineoitring 1041tallurgisto Uld scientific -workers in metal pIrlsics and pbysicaJL chedistry); in addition., ilt can be useA as a text by senior atudento in metaUurgioal high Inlititublond of 1e1U1nJX4;, TABLH OF CONTEN [abridged]: Ittroduction - Ca,d 312 UDJI ; :i - i! I ~ ; ! 111 ; : . . 1 ; I I ~ l , ! : ~ ; I : 7:,!" 11" ~ 1. ; I I Ir '11 1 1. i , ;J! F 1, 11 11 1 1 ~! il ~ !, . L 31~ UR/0000/01000: tQ5 ACCESSION NR: AT5024871 j/000/0045/C 5 AUWUVK: Ivanov, V. Y~,.;,Xechiporenko, Ye. P I L,*ivoruchkoi ~V- M.,;,, 4~; zmiz1-Y:-- ---. .- -- i m TITLE: On the vacut, li;onizin of refracto ry et SOURCE: AN UkrSSR. Institut problem ma ter L~Ll I;Di f fuis ionnyye prArytiya na metallakh (Diffusion coatings On metals). Kiev, 11,41, ava dunka, 1965, 45-5j TOPIC TAGS: metal diffusion plating, silicon, refractory metsil, s A--1j7 activation energy ABSTRACT: The kinetics and mechanism of case-formatioti:were :[~vestigato!d.for Ho ud, Ng by being covered specimens measuring 40xlOx1 mm vacuum-ailiconized at 1-1,0,5 d with Si powder and heated at 1200-13506C. Metallographic, and Icadiographic exami- nation established that the formation of molybdenum silLcide(i occurs in-tihe follows Ing sequence,:. Mo + Si H03si + Si - Mo 5S13 + Si Iflost-2 to the at the corresponding phase Interfaces, I.es the formatiock of 1(oSi is dm6 2 Card 1/4 ~!~AlV -E,-.: UI 'IF- JI ~ll~ 11" 17, ~1-11'! kil". ~i: N11111111 1 IN '1111,14i I I 1IN111;K, If lEg Il If I !A%Mq,:WUP,IM L, J;. 11.1 ...... L 3434-66 ACCESSION NR: AT5024871 lower silicides. Plotting of the curves of isothermal glomith 6f the layers of' and MoSi '4, time MoJS'3 2 at 1250% revealed that the increase iu~theiir thickness 'ith- lo a a parabolic law. This was verified by vacuum-sili.conizing specimints ol: Hol. fo w _F g curves also proved to followl W,"Ad Ta in -paturated Si vapors. The resultin _'d~f growth in layer thickness as a function of timtb, thus conj rabolic law !I Miog that the diffuaion of Si is the determining factor in thiji ratej of silicoliftina;. siOn Of Si i-n M05Si3 On this basis, the activation energies for the diffu d.nd ~Mosi were calculated to be (~M05Si - (126,000 + 12,000) cal/molgi and 2 0,40511.2 le,'.res~ectively. Experiments to datertnize the effoct of (57,600 + 6,000) cal/mo the presence of a temperature gradient between the box (3.250*C) and the s~eci~len !(1200*C) on the growth rate of the MoSi layer (see Fig. V o~ the Enclosuxe)'re- 2 :vealed that, if the metals are siliconized in a box with. a tempairaturi grq-diemt, n the- -silicanizin-gralte decreases with increase Antemperal-Mre df 7+the - specOien: 44nd i 1A thei temperatui:d of the 'creases with decrease in this temperature as compared wi 'box, while the growth in case-thickneso follows a parabolle cuinle. Crigo' 4irt. has: 10 figures. &SSOCUTIOH% none 214 Card ......... . : i ~ ; 9: 11 ; 1 11 .1 1 . L 3434-66 ACCESSION N'R:, ATL5024871 SUBMITTED., 0 ENCL: 01 SUB CODHi KNJI~ XE NR RFX SOV-~: 006 OTHER: 003 Card 3/4 III r i T Im. '11111 HA V 211H 71'111TIF -171 F !l __p L -343-4-.66- ACCESSION HR: AT-5024871 EUCA4,111ME: 01 3 Fig. 1. Diagram of setup I - furnace; 2 - thermocouple; 3 specimen; 4 bozlm~ A-l'TO3 tring; 6 - furnace lid; 7 stainless-steel cooling pipe 4/4 Card IJP(a) _. JD/JG/VIB A_C_C7=4R-P600l302 SOURCE CODE: UR/0363/65/00,1/008/13 5 4113.5 D AUTFIOR:, Jvanqv-,~-;,V.-Ye,; Nechiporenko, Ye. P.; 7,jqi , yVj,;Nj7!vovbvhko, V. 1~1.; Mitrofanov, A. S., Polt' --977-- eksandrov 0. M Verldiorobin. L.- .; Al 9 ... . ...... ORG: Ph ysicoteebn1cal Institute V_0jJW=_1~'i9vJ'N1:g1qm (I'ook~Aokhniclkeslkly institut Akademii nauk UkrSSR) TITLE: Study of the oxidation kinettep of molybdenum disilicidt,,. at 1500 i-- 1800C SOURCE: AN SSSR. Izventlya. Neorgantcheskiyo'inde rialy. v. nu. 8, TOPIC, TAGS: molybdenum compound, silielde. oxidation kinetics,: sillodn4ioxide 'ABSTRACT- Molybdenum disilicide samples (prepared by a9llCld"1gqmq~j?Wqnum at~1250.! 1360, and 3.350C) were oxidized for 10 hr at 1600* and 1600C and (ov I bri at., 1700 . lllqoc.'~ The oxidation is represented as follows- (1) 5h16SJ12 + 702---p U",),9;91,3 + I'S1102, (2) 2MOSt 702--to- 2MOC13 + 4S1.02. X-ray analysis ehows that reaction (1) pradontinates over (2). -, a latter is of decisive importance at the start, when the Si02 film L* form-od, J'he imriaase in the oxidation rate is related to Jhe orientation of the crystalij. Tbe stral.,ture of MWi2 TOY t10 -considered to, consist of laverall5f silicon and molybdezium atoms aiifernitlfi% in the directi,on of axis c; if if-is kept in minMhat thei bondirg forces between l1ke,4d0mjq.j* a Ifyerareweliker n. the laye- re, tba layer orientation patal e1: bp-thei 604400 WO 2 than the forces betwee Q '.v46 7V281 Card 1/2 UD till 'j 014111mu, n'm L 1^4058-" ACC NRs AP6001302 samples obtained at 1250 and MOOC) will cotton a lower Oxidation ride th:nin samplo! ivl4re %,be layer orientation to perpendicular to the ourface (silicideo obiallped id 23500, . to Is -concludcA that the oxidation rate of MoSI2 Is affected by many famewim, butit has not b3aa possible to determine which is the most :znportant one. Orig. art, lias: 2 figutw. BUD, CODE: 07, 11 BUBM DAM 24NIO-66 01110 REF: 006 (11111 MOO: 007 ~~2/2 M OWN M 47-66 EWP(e)/-EVq(m ETG~ZEPFF I NPZ; 001, 239 JD, Ki',Z SOLWE CODE: "%)1110.*34!)3.ff)5iob-iTcii]FT,,?-,.,',LPT2YlB]p AUTHOR: Ivapiqy H~c orenko, Ye. P. ; ~rivoruc~La,, V. D1. , Verkhorobin, L. V, Mitrofanov, A. S.; Poltavtsev, N. S. ORG: Physicotechnical Institute, Academy of Sciences Uki-51,8R, I(li&Tkbv (Fivilco-titkh- nicheskiy institut Akademii nauk UkrSSR'T- 7171. 77~'-_ TITLE: Effect of additives on the kinetics of the silicieling of denum in vacuum SOURCE: AN SSSR. Izvestiya. Neorganicheskiye materialy" V. V, no. 12, 1965,' 2212-2218 TOPIC TAGS: refractaryLametal refractory coating, molybdiinum,. 134licon, molybdonum disilicide, oxidation resistance ABSTRACT: Inasmuch as the coating of refractory metals ~w'lth md Ilybdenum dis Ilidide in known as a prospective method for preventing high-temperallure (~)Jdetion, .110i-e7effect of some &dditives on the growth rate and the structure of the tAlicide laarer o6 molyb denum was studied. It was noted that properties of the dlailia;We coatini, (W!luding brittleness and an inadequate thermal stability) may depend. on :tbe preparl'itive method and on the purity of the ini kial materials. In this stuc~ji the id.licide layer Vas produced on molybdenum sheets and wire 0.3. nnd 0.5 rrin thic:k~ reapectively, J.n vacuum, by heating at 1250C. Molybdenum of 99.95% purity, 99.999%--pure vilicon and coiner- Card 1/2__ UDC: 5h6.281 L 9447-66 ACC NR, AF0012~9- cial silicons KR-O and KH-1, 99.0 and 98.0% pure, respecti-i'aly, were used ad initial materials fo cAding cells. The growth rate, structurit! and ~ptiase componition of the enatingsusklAed were studied b gravimetric, mcitallolipoaph:14: and x-rV'methods, The effect of AlPFe.11Cu11Ti`,,"and B sed as additives, and of the residual 9:" stres- sure was studied, It was found that the presence of small on-ounts of Al(l.-3%) in powdered silicon ewoses the formation of a ternary compoun~l M(Ili t. A) 2 W'tbi a bexa- gonal structure, the growth of which is expressed as a lin,im.r (b,-pondence on timov. The presence of the other additives studied, -with the exception of Ti, resul.tE in a decrease in the growth rate of the 14OSi2 layer and does not; aff-act its structuxt. The residual- as pressure does not affect the silicide laytr grairth, if it is within mm Hg; at 1.10-3 D= jig, 1.10-6-1.,.0 the rate slowti down "i-Ij times; at :1.10-11 nualig, disilicide is not formed at all, and only the D103Si phase Is fortned. Tranifl.tiort of the dark and opaque hexagonal disilicide into 'the silvery tiftragonal form on prolonged heating wan observed. Orig. art. has: 4 figures and 3 ttibles. (BU] SUB CODE: 07, 11/ SUBM DATIE: 10Apr65/ ORIG REF: Oo7/ On Mot.: W/ jTD mms: Card 21Rikd IVAIMW Z!~i~ENSNIIY, V.F.; FAYFER, S.I.; 2,11DANOV, S.M.; SAi-FEEKKO, V.I. metal magnostuam hnd magrie.,;Ium Rarosb.!:vrt'. 5 MY le,5. 011PA *tut All UkrSSF, k~iavlk,~-j. F.ziko-teIChnichesidy iris~, vqr~:ion of thin nf' tho itaunil u-nvg- ini,,q LL'-. h fit II 1 -1 if ~ I . - . I . . I - .1 - : . I I . , ~ I ~~ - :i . :- ~ !;. .:.! -1 '! ll.~f ! 1 - LI-11 ~ 1. A, ~:~- A I I - ;:, - ll:i7 1 , , : : . ! 1 1'. . i f is IF 2 1` ( t A"G 111tt SIOURC11. CODED up/bc AT50270142 AUTHOR: Dranov V or t Nechiporenko. Yo. 81.11.encos); rL_ B. M.1 Kartmazovj G. A* D.; V;TqAtt1n8k1y, ORGI none 7 wesses In chrom4 TITIZi hermal a" coatinWon ~na&bA~w:q 23itrostoykjyis SOURCE& Seminar po zbarostoykim polu, t1yam. _P_0kr_ytiyt~TJioat-rafAatant coatings)) trudy neminara. Wnirij~rad, lzd-vo ffauka,, 1965~ 77-82 TOPIC TAGSt chromium plating, vapor plating) molybdenum, h1wit mtfoctj intorias.1 stress, adhesion , therinal stress ABSTMUt Previous Studies M241 IX, 4; 5~8p 1960) abow0d; hat 130atingm 04t!dnad by tho concionuation in vacuum. of Cr ynLprylbn thn eurflsoa ~if No orviplos had gool prote(-,t1va proportlov, but that thoir ofwvtco life 1ezri-_!u341tj coiti!Pldrr;~,bly whan they vere sulojacted to tsmperature fluctuations. A study. ilas wils) on ih "Iffect of tmiloraturl in. Intorri-Al strenves 1.1) cbromium coatIng .TA LCard 113 ....... MIN;101111 U-. -,~!T:,-, rT---, I L 28408-66 ACC NR: AT5027942 in var1ous vacuum con,11tiona and having various atrengtba ol' adlidnion or ti,f) coating to the substrates The value of stress was detsiTi1nad f rom changoo in the da~laqtion (d) of the plated samples (100 x 5 x Znrct) by uaing the formila: 4 E h~ d/ 312h, (hj+ h2)j whore E is the Yow)g modtilus, 1. is:thelength pf the-~; coated part of the sample and h and h2 are the thic'knoBiRnp of Jho coAting ju3d Cie bass metal, respeativ;ly. The curves of deflootion (in: ima) irs tw-perature, were plotted during the oxperiments. The changes 1n the al"Ope o1' tho curvils (Inflectlon;3)p corresponding to the conversion of elastic into nonelllBtic j.deformationa, were observed during beating ana cooling of tho siviplen, Nonalastla I deformations In tho low-tomperature range ( :5 4000) wtore $Nirned at tho criUcal strr,-,s d'=~g kg / _Tm2.D The value of tho critical strerjig could bo Outitrolled i Itself or by t,~o iitrenj~* of adhetion ! eitbor by tbo defomation of the coating of the coating to the substrate. Experiments with the coixfAngs of various dagraea of adhesion strength (strength of adhesion was changeid by, mpplyimil; tba coatiings -to th _rfaco of Fso oxidized to various depTana, or by 1,11"!VeaSlirg -3 oi3 tbai roujoinead Of the Mo svurfaco) proved that the value of the critical a-laclass AM not dapind, on thA adhesion strength and was controlled 1yy the dofamaIllon 1:117 tho goat',Lt:19 itself. '!be adhesion strmigth of coatings appltod to tho itl:xrooo of' oxidited Card 2/3 '6 ACC NR AT50279," 2 a.Dd nonoxidized Mo were about the samo and were similar to.-the mixengtb of ihai 1: Coating. Tho curves plot~Ved for the temperature range of 3? - 1000C for U.e coatings applied under vari Us values of vacuum (lW - IT' MM shOwOd ~ that the samplos produced in 10 vacuum. failed at amaller 0* thimi tbat namples ooated: in the higber vacuums Orig. art. hae, 4 fig,, !SUB GODEs 20/ SUBM DATE& 20Ju165/ ORIG RUs 003 Card 313 ZC, E 28hO9-66 ii-p(c) JD/JG,/GD AGO NR$ AT50~7943 SOURCE, CODE-I UR/OODD)i6~5/0(,g)/DOO/00831()366 AUTHOR: - -IY&nov, V. Ye. (Corresponding member AN SSM) 9-0411 poronko. Ye. T. Of Tochnical 501~e- N. 0. 0840v, A. D.; !~~nthenko ORGI none q TIT141-811LOoni Zir~ lLb~den= in vaouun with a contro:jed 1711ite of, sili.d& delivery SOURGEt Seminar po aharostoykim pokrytiyam. Leningrad, 1964. 2hqrostoykiya pokryttya (Heat-reastant coatings); trudy seminarao Lwin4:rad, Xod-vo Maukao 1%b5p` TOPIC TAGSs 'vapor plating# ailicap molybdenwa, crystal sitpuotueo ABSTRAM An experiment was.conduated to si2lconize No tnifer m,lai)ntrolled dslijrerj~. rate so that the amount of 510~ deposited an the sample nui.-facetwas nearly o1milLar to the amount necessary for the formhtion'of'-a diffwion 11hyer at a given. t1sr4ml-, 1 aturo, This resulted In the formation of the silicide layalro at, tilaq)oratureis (tbi)vs the watectic, with the rate oontrolled only by Alffu9ion Mliconizing wail 110no: .113 1. 28409-66 ez~ ACO NRs AT5027943 in a special apparatus (see Fig.) where sample 1 was met bito adnWner 2 having in its lower part the crucible 3 containing SiC~e The contitiner ~wms closed by lead 4p charged into vacuum chamber and oxpoae4 to a vacuUM of 3.0~5 = Hg. the container was then olosed by rod 8 And heated to the requited tQnUierature b,,r resistance beaters 5 and 6 controlled by Pt-PtRh thermocouple 7o The rate of allide: delivery, commensurable with the diffusion at a given temyerattwep was rs([%~Iateil by: the selectlon, of openings in the crucible and the containoir and by changirr, the temperaturi) In the SiO2, The microphotograph of the layer pmodmoea at 15000 showed that it conaisted of a single, phase which was determined by X-ray dif fraoWn IanalYsis as MOS12. Therefore., the use of a controlled rato of MOlivory of SiO2 during siliconizing from the vapor phane permitted the authors to Increaefto the temlisrature of siliconizing above the outeotic cLnd to tnorsmso the rate of rowth and the thickness of the layer, The ahanges in temperaturm of the production of the silloide layer insipificantly affected the temperature oll' the 1,61egltning of crack- i.,ing in the coating,, Grig, arte bass 3 fig. and I Uble. Card 2/3 IN I fl TIT 71M T ~7 17171 ACGIlis AT5027943 ----------- -- j. 1 1.4 L 27562.-66 EWT(n)/EVP( ljkc~ ACC NR; Ap6017688 SOME CODE: Ulij Nechip J~L V. MUM Ivanoya-v. '10. orenko, Ye. P.; kyoru-:Lfi~2,t M:I'; .k. S.; kieksandrov, 0. M. Kitrofanov ORG: Physicotechnical Institute AN UkrSSR,(Fiz1ko-te1dinichaukiy ~.Ln;stitub All Uiai~SR) TITLE: Oxidation of tungsten disilicide it 1500-1800*0 teml,,Dratwres SOURCE: AN SSSR. 19 Iz ire stiya ~~ Ncorganicheakiye matorialyp r.9 19 'no. $s 19650 134,0-3,3 3 TOPIC TAGS: tungsten compound, silicidep oxidation kineticm,, s1,11o,on, molybdenuai comnourd ABSTRACT: The authors carried out an investigation of the 6:aditi;m ~ kineticri of tungsten disilicide over the temperature range 1500-M)030- Tungsten of 99-95% purity and 99-999%, pure ailicon,wore used for the Amesti.Cation. Vie oxidation kinetics curves are parabolas. The effects of preparatiOn tunper-6- !ture and homogenization time of tungsten disilicide speclitiona on their oxi4a-, tion rate was studied. It was shown that, the oxidation rato of 11S~2 at 1500-17000C is approximately the same as that for-MOS12- 3 10. PYen "me-whab J lower than. that for MoSi2 at 18000c# I Orig. art has: 2 fig-ured and 2 foriaTilas WRS] SUB CODE: 07 SUBM DATE: 24May65 ORIG REF: 003 M ~IVF 005 Card 1/1 UDO 54AMtM 27 -6, EWI(m)LE P(t) IJP(c) PL&4 LNB ACC NRt AP6017689 SOU CODE: UiVo363/0.s/boi/bo8A.364j11367 AUTHOR: Ivanov. V. Ye.:; Krjvon2,hko, V. M~ ~V~. v, A. S ; Ale Ritrofano _k~androv,__Q, ORG: _D~Zsicotechnical Institute AN UkrSSR (Fiziko-tekhnichi1jakiy.. iristitut All 7~Ukr.'.;SR) TITLE: Oxidation of tantalum disilicide at 11400-1600-C te#uraturo3 SOURCE: AN SSSR)y tin. 8j 1905' Izvestiya. Neorganic kiye materialy, it, 19 IN,4-1~ 7. TOPIC TAGS: tantalum compound, silicide, oxidation kinetical, silicion on ABSTRACT: , Up to the present day there are no systematic :W estigations the oxidation kinetics of tantalum diailicide at high terri.nnt-A4,uroo. The .,purpose of the present study was an exvdnation of tho o:4idlitionildhotica ;of tantalum disilicide at 1400-160000 tanporatures. TaniAbmt of ~9!?-95% ,purity and 99-99d0' pure silicon were used for the investigat."Lon. 'rile effects~.~ of specimen preparation temperature and extent of their hamogeni3ai;ion on ,the oxidation rate were established. The oxidation of TaSi,) speabiens in ,the initial stage conforihs to a straight-line relationship." Aftar some spec-, iifie period of time a sharp rise in the specimen oxidation rate net;s in ,which leads to their failure. The fundamental f '64' raising t' easibllit~ . he 3antalum diailioidels heat reoidtanco up to 16000C was demomit roll, a tio. L Orig. art. has#. 3 figures. [jPRSj SUB CODE: 07 WBM DATE: 24MaY65 ORIG REF: 002 OTH IMF: 003 C L ard -!.8 2M, :1a L 31369-66 EWP(k)/FVIT'kd)/E'dT(m,,"EWP(h)/T/EW (1)'/EWP(e)/i,'~IP(w)/F,',4P(v)/L~WP(t) 552 /0063/006ti ACC NRs AT6013 JD/IIW/GD SOURCE CODE: UR/0000/65/000/000-- ETI IJP(c AUTHOR: Amonenko, V. M ,'; Azhazha, V. M.; Bolgov, I. S.; Zeydlits, M. P.;_Ivanov e.i,,Shapoval, B. I. ORG; Physico-Technical Institute, AN UkrSSR (riziko-tekhnichaskiy Inititu-t All UkrSS 11 V TITLE: Influence of boron on-the properties of nickel & Y IV \ V1 -1-341 SOURCE: AN UkrSSR. Institut problem materialovedeniya. Vysokotemperaturnyye neorgani- cheskiye soyedineniya (High temperature inorganic compounds). Kiev, Naukova dumka, 1965 :63-68 TOPIC TAGS: boron, nickel, alloy, boron alloy, internal friction ABSTRACT: The effect of boron concent ion (0-0.1 wt %) on mechanical strength limit$ relative elongation, and relative plas ity of nickel was examined at 250 and 6000C and also the temperature dependence of~cternal friction (Q-1) for nickel containing 0.005-0.1% B was examined in the 200-600C range. Samples of ni C 1-boron alloys were prepared by fusing mixtures of H-0-grade nickel and NIB standard material in an elec- trical furnace. After 70-80% deformation for 4 hour at 4000C, ihe samples were held for 2 hours at 8000C. In general, boron had a beneficial effect on the mechanical pro- perties of nickel. Specifically, boron was found to strengthen the alloy crystals and the intergrain boundaries within the alloy, to improve the Internal grain structure and L n869-66 ACC NR, AT6013552 I to retard harmful recrystallization_pTqSess~s. The effect of boron on strength limit, ,relative elongation, and relative plasticity of nickel Is shown in figure 1. X 4J 20 T4 408 74, 260 0 0. V F44' "dP 4) V 4J (a) boron content, wt% Fig. 1. The effect of boron on strength limit (1), relative elongation (2), and rela- tive plasticity (3) of nickel at 250C (a) and 6000C (b). The temperature dependence of internal friction (Q-1) of Ni-B alloys is given in figure 2. Orig. art. has: 5 figures. 2/3 %V/ boron content, wt. mzmmmmmmmml~ L 31869-66 ACC NRa AT6013552 UB CODE: 1l/ Q01 400 ow (.-C SUBM DATE: O3Jul65/ Fig. 2. itlv ORIG REF: 012/ OTH REF: 001 3/3 7 ACC NRt AT-0013553 SURCE CODF: IJRI()0001,,f~!it"oooloooloc"~i,)iOtl-ls AUTHOR: Azhazha, V. M.; Amonenko, V. M.; Bolgov, I. S.; Zeydl-its, M. P.; Ivanov, V. Ye.. iORG: Physico-Technical Institute All LrkrSSR (Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy inistitut AN LT~xSSR) (TITLE: Zmelting in vacuo as a means of improving the mechanical properties of boron [steels Lj ;SOURCE- AN UkrSSR. Institut problem materialovedeniya. Vysokotemperaturnyye ne-orga- ,nicheskiye soyedineniya (High temperature inorganic compounds). Kiev, Naukova dumka, ;1965, 69-75 I TOPIC TAGS: boron steel, mechanical property, steel, ferrgus metal, steel microstruc I iture, chromium steel, nickel steel / E1437A steel, E1437p/steel, E1403 steel I 1 1 1ABSTRACT: The effect of-smelting (2500-1000'DC) in va.cuo and in air for 137-13 hrs oni 1relative elo gation, impact, strength, and harfinwqq of chromium-nickel steels Fotain- I ;ing from 0.~to 3.0 wt % boron was investigated.! E1437A (boron-free), E1437B 0.015 wt, )l B), E1403x 0.1-1.0 wt % B), and some specially prepared steels containing ?-3 wt were used as representative steel samples. It was found that the smeltir~ of steels containing 2-3 wt % B results in a 1.5-2 fold increase in their 21.asticity.1 .' A 15-20% improvement in relative elongation cliaracteristic and two-fold in~:r_~_ase in' impact Istrength result when high purity steel grades are smelted in vacuo. Greater improve- :. I I I -.:I:, . I-. L 31870- ACC NR: AT6013553 .n ments in mechanical properties of boron-conta i steels were achieved by smelting I i- in vacuo rather than in air. The effect of sme Ing In VaCUD on strength and plast city of E1437B steel on rapid breaking strengthr%d relative elongation of E1437B is graphed. The effecf-6f-boron t t mechanical properties of E1403 steel is also ,In en, an 6 1 graphed. Orig. art. has: ures 4 tables. SUB CODF - 11,13 SUBM DATE: 03Jul65/ ORIG REF: 006/ OTH REF: 004 2 L 09378:~~- 41n r-- ACC NRa SOURCE GOD22 UJVO00011; AM269A 61boolooploU31,0166 Ivanovi V. AUTHOR: Ye,j ZelenskiX, V. F.1 Savchenkol__V. I I ZKfer, S. I Zhdanov,-S.:Nl* ORG: None TITLE: Internal friction in powder metal mapeaium SOURCE: AN SSSR. Institut motallurgii* Vnutrenneyo treniye v.-motallakh i splavaI& (Internil friction in metals and alloys)'. Moscow, Xzd-vo Nauka,.1966, 163-166 TOPIC TAGS: internal friction, powder metal, shear modulus t magnesium, vibration measurement ta ABSTRACT: Powdered magnesium was oxidized to obtain samples with differing amoun of MgO (0-3, 2.3 and r% by weight), annealed at 500*C for one hour, and subjected to measurement of change in vibration amplitude in order to detannine internal. friction (q-1), as well as shear modulus with respect to temperature. There are fairly consistent data on the curves for the three alloys with respect to strenp,-t (mechanical) properties, increasing or decreasing, as the case may be, with respect to MgO content. The path of curves for the temperature relationship of internal. friction and shear modulus can be explained by dispersion Imrdening effect Cound in MgO. Grain boundaries,* type of impurities and distribution of impurities in the 1. ard 1/2 ~'A EN I A 1 9 'W, , ; M~2 IF UP 'I .1 F . 1 , I' . I .. 11 law M911111MMIUMILIMA. (M) A 14 t 09377-67 EdPoc)/m P(P)JEWP(t)Z911- ACC NR-AT6o26917 SOURCE CODFD UR/0D00/66/C,00/W.0/0166/Ol69 AUTHOR: IvanQYt_V* Yee; Zelenskiyj V. F.; Fayfer, S. L; Savchenko, 7, 1..; 66 Maksimenkoj V. I. ORG: None TITLE: Internal friction in powder metal beryllium SOURCE: AN SSSR. inatitut metaliur$Li. Vnutrenneye treniye v metallaldi i rplrmikh (Internal friction in metals and Ylloys). Moscowt Izd-vo Nauka; 1966, 166-169 TOPIC TAGS: internal friction, powder metal, shear modulus, elastic modulus) beryllium ABSTRACT: Previous GtudieB of internal friction for such powder metal SyDtClla au Cu-Fe-Ni, Cu-Mo, Cu-W, Ni + Al2j3, SAP and beryllium have shown that the temperature relationship of internal friction Q-1 (T) affects the nature of the initial components the method of producing a compact material and its structure. This paper diecurisus the same property, plus shear modulus and modulus of elasticity, for hot-pi-essed powder metal alloys of Be-BeO containing 0.3, 1.5 and 7% by weight BeO. Tc.-atinp: was conducted in a vacuum relaxation tester at forced torsion oacillationB in--ri.- Gonance. Internal friction was determined according to change of oacillat:Lon ampli- tude along with measurement of frequency for constructing the temperature Tolation- ship of shear modulus and modulus of elasticity. Samples vere vacuum ann-ealed one -Card 112 i H L 09377-67 ACC NRt AT6026917 hour at 1,0000C prior to testing to remove stresses and adsorbed gases and to put the alloy in a more equilibrium state. Test results show viximuma for all ctirvau and according to tii- authors, the behavior of these maximumn depends on nolubilil;y of the componenta, their concentration, dintribution and other factors. From a comparison of the aigh-temperature I%ackground" of Q-I(T) ij; 4a clear that tam- perature of abrupt growth of tho'curve increases with oxidoldhnteat while slopo of curve becomea This "backgrouod" can Gerve an a cri.terian of incre-aming heaj rcaistance with increased oxide content. Orig. art. hans figurea SUB CODZ: SIMM DATE: 02 Apr 661-ORIO MYj 008 In-mv, V. Z. Electric Cutouts Conv-,ents of the "Ural elektroa pparat" factory on Eng. Ly-tidn's suggestion nbout improving the insulation on TIA-3.4 cutouts. Elek. sta. 23 no. cq, 1952. 9. Monthly List of Russian Accessions, Library of Congress, 5%, Uncl. 77mm, A Igo` 31 flP IVANCV, YA. A. Iyano , Ya. A.t "Feats and diseases of the grapevIne in Tadzhikistan#,, Byulleten' p; plodovodstvu, ovoshchevodstva i vinogradarstvit, No. 9# 1948, p. 97-105. SO: U-3042, 11 March 53, (Letopis Inykh Statey, No. 10, 19/49). --URVA 0 0 SOV/ 124-58-5-5i8ti Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Mekhanika, 3958, Nr 5, p 62 (USSR) AUTHOR: Ivanov, Ya. A. TITLE: Some Aspects of the Theory of Gyroscopic Devices Used to Produce Forced Angular Motions on Ship Models (Nekotorvye voprosy teovii giroskopicheskikh ustroyfitv d1ya sozdaniva vynuzhdennoy kachki modeley sudov) PERIODICAL: Tr. Leningr. korablestroit. in-ta, 1956, Nr 18, pp IZ5-139 ABSTRACT: A theoretical investigation is made of several types of gyro- scopic rocker devices used in the study of angular motions on ship models in model-test basins in place of artificial surface- wave exciters. An analysis of the standard equations of gyro- scope theory leads to the following conclusions: 1. Single-rotor devices are capable of producing combined rolling and pitching or rolling and yawing motion. 2. In the single-rotor devices the arriplitude of the perturbation moment varies as a function of the pitch and yaw and of the frequency of the roll. 3. Two-rotor devices with swiveling rotor-axes are not subject to these limit- ations and can be r ecorrinn ended unqualifiedly for test-basin Card 1/1 studies of the angular motions of ships. S.V. zhak 1. Gyroscopes--Applications 2. Gyroscopes--Perforrnance 3. Ship models--Test methods IVANOV, Ya.A. - Foreign gas analyzers. Avtom.i prib. no.107-85 I Ja-VT 62. (MIRA 15:3) (Gases~-Analysis) IVANOV, Ya.A,, aspirant ~n z --A!~- Y wg,!: Alloplasty usJng Opsum for large bone defects of the hip under experimental conditions. Sbor. nauch. trud. GIDUV no. 14.67-?6 158. (MIRA 13;10) 1. Iz kafedry operativnoy khiiiirgii gosudarstvenziogo instituta dl,ya usovershenstvovaniya vrachey (zav. kafedroy prof-A.P. Nadein). (HIP JOINT-SURGERY) (GYPSM- -THERUZU TIC USE) .-IVANQVP Ya,A.*--aspirant Experimental bone homotransplants for large circular defects of the hip. Sbor. nauch. trud. GIDUV no. 1,4:77-83 158. (MIRA 13:10) 1. Iz kafedry operativnoy khirurgii Gosuoarutvennogo instituta dlya usovershenstvovaniya vrachey (zav. kafedroy .. prof. A.P. Nadein). (BOYS GRAFTING) IVANOV, Ya. A., Cand Med Sci -- (diss) "Experimental osseous hoino- plasty an-d-Alloplasty with plaster-of-paris for thigh bone defects." Perm', 1960. 20 pp; (Ministry of Public Health, RSFI:')R, Perm' State Medical Inst); 150 copies; price not given; (KL, 31-60, 143) - I I i 1~ I IVANOV, Ya. A. IVANOVy Ya. A.: "Biological and economic properties of alfWa and rye on the piedmont hill of the Chuya valley.'' Kirgiz Agrictiltural Inst imeni K. 1. Slmyabin. Vrvnze, 1956. (DISSERTATION FOR THE DEGREE OF CANDHATE IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE) So.: Knizhnaya letoDis' No 15, 1956, moscow