"SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT LOMAKIN, V. A. - LOMAKIN, V. S."
Document Type:
Collection:
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP86-00513R000930430004-8
Release Decision:
RIF
Original Classification:
S
Document Page Count:
100
Document Creation Date:
November 2, 2016
Sequence Number:
4
Case Number:
Publication Date:
December 31, 1967
Content Type:
SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT
File:
Attachment | Size |
---|---|
CIA-RDP86-00513R000930430004-8.pdf | 3.04 MB |
Body:
L 61463-65
ACC&SSION NR: AP5012432
2.
i:qgrees to within 0.95% with tho experimental value of 420 000 kg/cM And the
i~vorage calculated and experimental strength limit Qg,, 0- cale = 7740 kg, /cm2and a-
o-IP = 8400 kg/cm2differ from each othar by 7.%. Similar agroor-ent between the-
(,ry and experiment is obtained for alkali glass fibers and for nonalkali glass
lib3rf, glued together with an alcoholic solution of phenol rosin. Orig. art. hasi
tables, 3 graphs, and 32 equations.
I.SSOCIATION: none
S U-131,UMED: 16Nov64
1;) REF SOVS 004
EN%'JL: 00
OTIMII t 001
SUB GODEi MT
C(,rd 2/2
L 3793-66 EWT (d)/EWF(W)/EWT(M)/E?iP( i)VEPF (0/EWP(1)/E1iP(J)/1 WW/EM/R1A/W1i
.ACCESSION XR: AP5023210 'tR/0374/65/000/004/0028/0034
A/,678:539.378
AUTHOR: Lomakin,' V. A. (Moscow); Yumasheva, H. A. (Moscow)
TITIX: Corr-elation between stresses and deformations during the nonlinearAafam~
tio, f orthotropic glass-plastics
S01 Mekhanika polimerov, no. 4, 1965, 28-34
TOPIC TAGS: nonlinear elasticity, miaterial deformation, glass fabirc, sheet
glass, plastic-
ABSIRACT: The applicability of the theory of nonlinear deformation of anisotropic
:solids to glass-plastics,subjected to brief loadings is discussed in detail. The
functions of the stress-strain~corrqWtions of this theory were detemiDed experi-
mentally for EDF-5-6 and PM-11ST-1 qlass plastic sheets. TheRDF__5_61ilass-plastic~
is based on onepoxy-phenol-Er-maMe yde main and PN-I*T-1 ass-plastic is based
,on PN-.*,'. polyester resin reinforced with T-1 glass fabric. JT1he simplification of
;these correlations foi simple loadings Is determineds rt was found that the theory;
well de.,,icribea the anisotropy of glue-plastics under nonlinear deformation. The
iCard 1/3
L 3793-66
ACCESSION Rt APS023210
stress W - strain (c) curves for EDF-5-6 glass-plastic samples (2 mm in thickness)
,and PH-1,T-1 are shown in figs. 1 and 2 of the Enclosure. Orig. art. hast 4
~figures, 19 formulas.
'!ASSOCIATION: none j
ISUBMITTED: l3Mar65 ENCh: 01 SUB CODE: MT, GC
NO' IMF SOV: 003
Card 2/3
L 3793-66
ACCESSION HR: AP5023210
mm
6
k
g
fcc 2
z
7
2#X
00,
T
t
Irig. 1.
Card 3/3
low
fd ZIP
Fig'
2.
ENCLOSURE: 01
6
t
,cm of
11,000,
3793-66
CESSION NR: APS023210
tax
.6"
14
Ift
Wo
goo
6
kd
=2
z
7
00oo-
-for
go
A
Fig. 1.
15(1~1
Card 3/3
AW
M
.40
q
4
Fig. 2.
ENCLOSURE: 01
6-%,# g/cm ,
000,
LOMKIIIN,
Elagtoplastic deformtions of bodies under the action of
random forces. Vest. Vosk. un. Ser. 1: Mt., raekh. 21 no.l:
77-84 Ja-F 166. (tURA 19:1)
1. Kafedra teorii uprugosti Moskovskago gosudarstvennogo
uni.versitata. Submitted February 17, 1965.
ACC NR1 AP7002694
AUTHOR: L jjD,.L.A&_(Moscow)
ORG: none
SOURCE CODE: UR/0424/66/000/006/0068/0075
TITLE: A plane problem of the theory of elasticity for hodies with rapidly oscillat-
ing elastic properties
SOURCE: Inzhenermyy zhurnal. Mekhanika tverdogo tela, no. 6, 1966, 68-75
TOPIC TAGS: elasticity theory, stress analysis
ABSTRACT: A special case of the plane problem of the theor-j of elasticity is consi-
dered 'when the parameters that determine the elastic properties of the nonhomogeneous i
isotropic medium are almost-periodic, rapidly oscillating functions o." the coordi-
nates. The boundary problem is rendered in the fornin
Wo 0, T.*n. + TxV17V ~ 9x, Tx:;Ilx -4 TV Y9W
where V is the Laplacian, g x and gY are surface forces, and T x Y , and TXY are stres-
ses.. Upon finding solutions for F0, T 0, T 0 31 T 0. we develop a boundar-
x y xy y problem
for Fl. Introducing certain notations and substitutions, and passing on to complex
Card 1/3
ACC NR:
variables, we obtain a partial solution of the boundary problem in the form
VI(D,t = 0, Li I (I'd = PkV (X, Y, (o) e1.(Akx+Aku)
Ak" (x, Y, W) = Pk (Pkn. akio + -!- i [PI
W
A n
(0kn. - aknl,) + J nV
ay W3 dy dX OY
P?) (z, (a) = ak (akn, Ik +
W
alk a alk df
(akn, - Pkn.) _Wj + t NY (-Wy-
nz - k n,) .-(a
(04
(-~-A, n. -~/Al n.)
dy
.0
Wk ~Ik
ax oy dy 0y
dy
Of 0 Dlk any'
nX -1k
a Y. -FX- ax
Solutions of several modifications of the above boundary problem lead to the following
conclusions: 1) In a broad sense, the stress fields are everywhere statistically
homogeneous, with the exception of a narrow boundary layer, where they are nonhomoge-
neous. 2) The width of the boundary layer, with certain imposed restrictions, is of
the order of a linear dimension of the nonhomogeneities at the largest scale. 3) The
ACC NR:
AP7002694
,'dispersion of stressesIY Txy and the.stress moments of second order ccntaining TY
1'r at the boundary of the body is zero; the stresses vary, however, in the bolundar-I
XY
'layer. At the boundary, they approach values different from zero, in the inner range
of the body they appear to be constant, and in a nonlimited medium. they coincide with
their eigenvalues. In a specific cave, when T x0, 1Y0, -. XY 0 are functions of the co-
ordinates x,y, the solution has the form
k I C'k(U4)
Vp
A') (XI + (0 (ak + 00 (Y b)
Orig. art. has: 35 formulas, 2 figures.
SUB CODE: 20,XL12/ SUBM DATE: 2lMar65/ ORIG REF: 006
3/3
- L I . I- i d, .
LOV,AKIII, I i, I nz)..; V, I r.'c ri~ ~ , ~- ~:i
inzh.; ],'.A.,,
(Technology and organization of ctnstmict-ii-,r. work] Tek~"n~.-
logiia I orfranizatziiin titroiiellvoi,o pi-niz-v(~"i.-,tva. Moskwi,
St~o .. 1,
-iIzdi-t,, YA 1). ("1 A W:1)
Y=MINYY, V.T.: LCMUIN. V,F-
I ------
Pulsed power supply to a great number of magnetic logical
elements. Avtom.i prib. no.3:24-2-7 n-s 162. (MIRA 16:2)
L: Lisichanskiy
soveta narodnogo
filial Institute
khozyaystva.
(Elecitronic
avtomatiki Luganskogo
computers)
DIKIYJ, B.F. (Dykyi, B.F.1; LOINUKIN, V.F.
Canductophoto;Letric transducer for wine flow control. Kharch.prom. AO.
4363 O-D 163. (AURA -17S.1)
I ( 11.4 N 1; '
I
B)ITFIJKO,
Lorig distance transmission of iriforma-tlc~,n cn L~ *,
I :; - - C,
'2,:10-20 1 :2
jr,eans of light aignals. Khar. prur. ro. It-. -1; .1; 11
DIKIY, G.F.; BUTRIKO, B.M.: IVASHKEVICH, YU.K.; IVASHCh-fflYO,
B.P.; IMAM, V.F.
(Automation of production processes in the wine and
brandy making factory in TiraspoI3 Avtomatizataiia pro-
izvodstvennykh protsessov na Tiraspollskom vinno-
konliachnoin zavode. Moskva, TSentr. in-t nauchno-
tekhn. informataii pishchevoi proP7~shl., 1964. 32 p.
(1-11,,A 17; 11)
Subject USSR/Engineering-Welding
Card 1/1 Pub. 107-a - 10/11
AID P - 5070
Authors Lomakin, V. I. and N. I. Fishkova
Title The SL-60A electric riveter
Periodical : Svar. proizv., 6, 31-32, Je 1956
Abstract : The authors describe the SL-60A electric riveter design-
ed for welding sheet metal and structural steel of 2 to
5 mm thick. The riveter's technical characteristics and
its design, the complete installation and its performance
are presented. Three drawings, 1 photo and 1 table.
Institution None
Submitted No date
t
~T ~jI rl i- ke/T/ L ii IMi L i i t ( W/E 11
ACC NR; Al'6031-223 ( w SOURCE, CODE: UP/0133/()6/OOCj/O,')9/(j834/C)836
AU7HOR: Teumin, 1. 1.; Lupakov, I. S.; Lomakin, V. I.
ORG: none
JV'1
TITLE: Ultrasonic treatment of boron-bearing steels during solidification
SOURCE: Stal', no. 9, 1966, 834-836
-11 ",,Let
TOPIC TAGS: ultrasonic scl~ -LreaLmenL~ boron containing stainless steel, steel
propercies/KhMNIOR3 steel, KhISN6G9R3 steel
A B S TRA'~T :Ingots of Khl8'!lOP3 and KhlM6C910 high-boron stainless heat-reststant
steelsWere treated ;~ ~LtR_'_U_T_Cr-a_sonic -vibrat ions during their solidification. The
weight of ingots was 15 kg, which is a usual proluction-scale size for ingots of
these steeds. It was found that ultrasonic treatuient significantly reduced the
ain sizel8f the boron phase and improved the uniformity of its distribution
throughout the ingot, thereby improving the mechanical. and technological DropertJes
hi
of steels. For in4ance, at 350C specimens of ultrasonicallv treated K 8N10R3
11 ten ile'.~trength of 26.8 kg/mm2,
steel- had S ari elongation.of 0.6% and a reduction of
area of 1..-4%-. The same properties for untreated steel were 1.0.3 k
.g/mm2, 0.0%, and
0.0% respectively. The mechanical properties of Khl8N6G9R3 steel were found to be
similar. The forgeability of ultrasonically treated steela also was greatly improved.-:,
UDC: 669
_1$m412_:_621,7_46_ 393=534.8
-L 415581-66
ACC NRI AP6011223
a billet 30 x 60 x 80 mm was f2rqe thick without diffIcultien.
!Linto a sheet bar 14 mm
Orig. art. has; 5 figures.
SUB CODE: 11, 13, 20/ SUBM DXfE: none/ ORIG REF: 003/ ATD PRESS: 5082
Lco,d- 2/-2-- ZC-_
FILONENKOR S. N. ; K.
Dimensional wear of cutting tools in diamond boring Of BtP-ei. Stan.1
instr. 35 no.9:29-30 S 164. (MIRA 17:10)
YEROFEYET., A.A.;, PRAVDA, Ye.I.; LOMKIN, T--11-
Automation of the cooking of proserveo. Trudy WIIIFF 2:109-113 962
("'!14 lb:4i
(Moldavia-Canning and preserving) (Automation)
BROVIBERGI B.M.; DASHEVSKIY, T.B.; I&TON, E.A.; 1,G!AKIN, VA.;
MIKHEYEV, Yu.Ye., inzh., retsenzent; KIR111., P.A.0- inzh.,
red.
[Diamond boring machines; their design and adjustment]
Almazno-rastochnye stanki; konstruktsii i naladki. Mo-
skva, Maahinostroenle, 1965. 243 p. (MIRA 18:8)
FIWNENKO., S.N';
Dimensional wear of cutting tools in fine boring., Stano i
instr. 34 no,6:33-34 Je 163, (HIM 16:7)
(Prilling and boring)
PRAVDAP Ye.I.j LOMAKIN, V.K.
Automatic evaporation plant for the cooking of fruit preserves.
Kons. i ov. prom. 17 no.80-5 Ag 163. (MIRA 17:1)
1. Moldavakly nauchno-insledovatellskiy institut pishchevoy
promyshlennosti.
L,:VAYIN, V.K., FRAVDA) Ye-,
ia, kand.skonom.nauk
fmprwied autartatir, rontrol circuit for- r!ooking frilt
In 7acuum appara tus. Trudy MUL 11 ~'? 3; 92-98 163.
'% 1.1, 1 RA j 8 -- '] )
`.WT I MA(h P~~b
i'J"CESSION NR: AP5008159
S/0286/65/000/005/0f'137/0038
j,~M IOR: Nasibov, A. S. ;Lormakin, V. L. ; Bagramov, V. G.
TETLE: High-voltage nanosecond pulse oscillator. Class 21, No. 168751,
MURCE: Byulleten' izobreteniy i tovarnykh znakov, no. 5, 1965, 37-38
'IDPIC TAGS: high voltage Dulse oscillator, pulse shaper,,discharge thyratron,
nanosecond pulse 1,75
,iBSTRACT- This Author Certificate introduces a high-voltaiyc nanosseCOnd pulse gen-
rator consisting of a pulse shaper, a discharge piLlse thyratron, a coaxial trrin3-
nission line, and a correction circuit (see Fig. I of Enclosure). For in--reased
)u1se height and preliminary correction of the pulse top, the tuo-stage c,,iaper,
!ihunted by a capacitor, is connected in parallel to th_- dischar&e thyratr,:Nn. To
;ncrease the steepneon of the leading edge of the pulne rind to atraighten its top,
:he correction circuit contains two nonlinear inductois connected In series. A
esistor Is connected in parallel to the first inductor, a capacitor is connected
etween the common junction of the inductors, and two resiotors are conneoted in
eries between the output temiinal nf the necond inductor and s- grounded bus bi.r.
he output lead of the generator is in turn ronnected to the midpoint bsr.-I,ween the
esistors. Orig. art. has: 1 figure. [JR)
ard 1/ 3'
A ~C FSSION' NR: AP5016385 UR/0!2o/65/000/003/0120/(IL22
621,373-43
I UI;HOR: Nasibov, A. S.; Lomakin, V. L.
IIIJILE: Rectangular-pu
lse generatoE
'OUNC8,; PrJ.borf A tekhnika eksperimenta, no. 3, 1965, 120-122
TOPIC TAGS, pulse generator, HV pulse generator, thyratron
AEITRA(,`r: A high-voltage thyratron rtilso generator Lf; deocribed which vorkn on
thc. principle oil pnrtlal capacltnn,~e dircharge an;J requires no niaxiliary powcr
Supply for the pulse turii-off portion of the circuit. The circuit vorks in the
f 01 lowing. manner: the previously charged capacitor is discharged through a fired
thyratron, generating the leading edge of the 2-K-V After a nreset delay,
another thyratron is triggered, generating the traiiing edge of the pulse and at
thf. camt~ time (through transformer action) making the cathode of the first
thyratron positive with respect to the anode. Thio bi(L5 inveriion catise!: the
gr'd to regain direct.control of the tube and indirect control of the pulse parriv-
eters. The characterlstics of the pulse generator ore as follcws: pulse height,
Card 1/2
ACCESSICN' NP: AT-:5016'7)85
2 kv; pulse repetition frequencY, get, at 50 CPr;; pu].Ge duration, continuous1y
- lie rice time does not. 6 visec.
rariable, frum 20 usee to 1000 usec. r
Orig. art. lius: 2 figurei. 131)
ION : Fiziko-tpkhnicheskiy inutitut GKAE SSSR, Sukhmi (71hy.;icoterhnical
T rin 1,1 GKAE 55310
SIBIMPILT ED *26Apr64 ENCI.: or) Sint CODE: EC
NO RFF SOV: 0 0 5 OTHER: (1,1 ATID PRESS: 1033
Card
1 i;WA ( h Pob
ACCES)SION NR: AM16386 LM/0120/65/000/003/0123/0126
621-373
AUTHOR: flasibov,,__A. _S., Lomakin-, V. L.
(21TLE: Narrow 11V pulse generator
iSOURCE; Pribory I tekhnika eksperimenta, no. 3, 19651, 123-126
TOPIC TAGS: EV pulse generator, pulse transformer, coaxial cable, thyratron
ABSTRACT: The pulse generator described is capable of generating 50-kv pulses of
100-nsee duration. Its construction circumvents the problems encountered in high-
voltage operation of thyratron circuits, such as extended ionization time and dis-
Itributed inductance. The g-nerato-- is made up of a thyratron circuit generating a
15-kv wavefront that is passed into a split transmission line whose midpoint con-
sists of a transformer and a load. The incident and the reflected wave'ronts gen-
erate a very narrow pulse at the secondary winding of the transformer. The load
mismatch does not affect the pulse flatness since the pulse transformer saturates
at approximatelY 50 kv. The windings of the transformer are constructed of sections
of RK-106 coaxial cable to assure small distributed Inductance and high voltage in-
munity. The pulse repetition rate Is variable in Increments of 100 cps from 100 to
1000 cps. Orig. art. has* 6 figures. (BDI
i Card
- . L --------
ACCEESSION UR: Ap5o16386
ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-tek-hnicheskiy institut GK.AE- SSSR* Sukh=i-(Physicotechnical
GKAE
SUBMITTED: 2IApr64 EVICLI. 00 SUB CODE: EC
110 REF SOV! 005 OTHER# 000 ATD PRESS! 4033
L 8100-66
AGG NR: AF5N7o25 SCURGE CODE: UR1012016510OQIM5~013310136
JAUTHORS: Nasibov, A, S. Lomakin, V, L Bagramov,--Vo Q,
q
ORGt none 3
TITLE: High-vo 1tage short-duration pulse generator
SOURCE: Fribory i tekhnika eksperimental~io# 51 1965p 133-136
TOPIC, AGS:.`: pulse generator, thyratron, pulse shaper.
ABSTRACT: A high-voltage short-duration pulse generator is described. The
generator consists of four fundamental units: a shaper unit, a commutating
1-thryatron,
a transformer linep and c.orrecting (or adjusting) elements. The shaper
unit consists of a two-step cable system to reduce the thyratron. voltage. The
transformer unit has a coefficient calculated from an equivalent circuit to be F_
4 _;2nR./(npe+R4
um 621.373
L 8100-66
F --- -----
ACC NRt AP5027025
where n is the namber of cablesp and PO is the wave impedance. The correcting
unit consists of several inductive, capacitive, and resistive coils which remove
the thyratron distort:~ons. The generator has the following characteristics$
300-kv pulse height'. . 100-amp current per pulse, a pulse duration of 250 nanosec
a front duration of 20 nanosec., and a 12-5-cycle frequency. The authors express
their gratitude to M. M. Agrest for helping inthe equivalent transformer circuit
work,
analysis and computat!.on on the Ural-1, to A. B. Sbayro-y-for constru.cting the
and to Z. P. Rusako7 R. V. Shvetsov and E, V. Vasillyev or taking part in
adjusting-alid mounting the generator. Orig. art. hast 4 formubao arA 3 figures.
(041
SUB CODEs SUM DATEs 23Sop64/ ORIG RU 1 004/ OTH YN 1 001
ATD PRESS: 4e&
Gard'2/2 I
LOKLM, V.1f.
Nov applications of kinematics to the desighn of model 5330. 5353
and 5355 X gear-cutting machines. St&n.i Instr. 27 no.12 D 156.
(Gear-cutting machines) W-RA 10:2)
SOV/28-58-6-20/34
AUTHORS: Geller, Yu.A., Professor, Doctor of Technical
Sciences, Malinkinal Ye.I., Candidate of Technical
Sciences, Lomakin, V.N.
TITLE: Supplementing the State Standard GOST 5950-51
With the Method for Controlling Steel by Its
-knnealing Property (Dopolnit' GOST 5950-51
-.netodikoy kontrolya stali na prokalivayemost')
PERIODICAL: 3tandartizatsiya, 1958, Nr 6, pp 65-69 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: '~he annealing property of instrumental steel is
defined as the property to obtain a martensite
Structure and high hardness after tempering.
r.1he annealing capacity is determined by the me-
!-1hos of butt tempering as specific-' by GOST
S,657-51. If the samples are kept up to 30-35
Etec/mm in tile salt tank, the annealing property
increases (Figure 1). A longer period does
not increase the annealing property beyond the
Card 1/3 value reached at 35 sec/mm. Changes in this
QJO'1/28-58-6-20/34
Supplementing -,~he State Standard GOSI 5950-51 With the Mlethcd
for Controlling Steel by Its Annealing Property
property among., the different smeltings are not
due to the chemical composition, because only
slight changes are correlated with a 2-3 timeo
higher annealing property (Tables I and 2, Pi-
gure 2). Metallurgical factors, like smelting,
rolling, are the causes of the changes. The
comparison of the curves of distribution of
hardness over the length of the sample is the
basis for the nomograms showing the distribu-
tion of the annealing property of alloyed in-
strumental steels (Figures 4 and 5). These nomo-
grams may be applied to steel to types KhVG,
9KhS, Kh, and similar types. During grinding,
the layer of annealed steel in an instrument may
be reduced. In the samples, the obtained values
may be reduced therefore by 2 mm. The results of
Card 2/3 these calculations are shown in Table 6.
SO V/28 -58 -6 -201") 4
Supplementing the State Standard GOST 5950-51 ','Iith the Method
for Controlling Steel by Its Annealing Property
0
There are 6 tables and 6 graphs.
ASSOCIATION: 'Isesoyuznyy nauchno-issledovatellskiy instrumen-
talInyy institut (All-Union Scientific Research
Instrument Institute)
Card 3/3
LOMAKIN, MI.; MAI 1'. . 0
' 1~
,-~ '-I rmini tip, the - - fibl'. I ty o!* a I loy a ~e-,! by diaE,7ra=6 of i so the r-a:a I
tran-Wormation it, X~3ta2l,Wed. i z,,arm.obr.met. no.9:57-64
S '65, (MIRA 18:10)
1. Voesoytizn3ry instrumentailnyy institut.
PHASE I BOOK EXPLOZTATIou. SOV/545T
WItUehno-tekhnicheakaye obahchostvo mashizostraitellnoy pzvW&hlan-
nout-1. SektaLys metallov*denlya I termichaskoy obrabatki metal-
low.
Metal2ovedonlya I temleheakaya obrabotka metallovj trudy Saktau
setallovedeniya I termIchaskoy cbrabotkI metallov (Physical
Metallurgy and Beat Treatment of Metals; Transactions or the
Section or Physical Metallurgy and Best Treatment of Metals)
no. 2.Moscow, Mashg:tz, 1960. 242 V. 6.000 copies printed.
Sponsoring Agencys Nauchno-takhnichs3kayo obahahestvo
asshinostroltellnoy promyahlannostl. T-sentrallnoye pravlenlyo.
Editorial Boardi 0. 1. Fogodin-Alakseyev, Tu. A. Geller, A. 0.
RalthsAtadt. and 0. X. Shreyber. Ed. of Publishing Houset 1. 1.
Unnichenko, Tech. Ed. z B. 1. Model 1, Managing Ed. for Llt*ra-
ture on, MetalworkIng and Machine-Tool Making: V. 1. Mitin.
PGHN= t This oollwation or articles in Intended for metallurgists,
U*=han1c*I engineers, and scientific researth work"s.
C07ZRAGE: The collection contains articles describin-g
of research conducted by members of NTO (Sci*ntiric Technical
Society) of the maohIne-building InIu3try In the field or
"@Leal aotallurgy~ and In the heat treatment or steel, cast
Iron,and nonferrous metals and alloys. So personalities are
mentioned. most or articles are acacmpanled by Soviet and non-
Soviet references and contain conal'ta-lons drawn frca investi-
gations.
TABU OF CONTMM:
Blamter. M. To., Dcctor of Technical Sciences, Pmfessor. and
L. 1, Ku3m*tsov and L. A. retaahop, Englz*ors. Softening and
RecrystallizatIon Processes In Xron and X-*ckel Alloys 3
Trunin, 1. 1., Engineer. Effect of Cold-WorkIng Conditions on
the Endurance of Steel 12
ftrnahtsyn, M. L.. Candidate or Technical Sciences, and L. V.
Poly -keys. Engineer. Effect or Cold Working on the Stru;tiwe
Ps
and RGp_*'i.;tien of the V-2 Titanjun Alloy is
Udlm_ZN., Doctor of Technical Sciences, Prore3sor. On the
Reasons ror the Improvement or Iron-AlloY Propertlos After Al&h-
Frequency 4ionah gardening 25
Zakne. Doctor or Physics and Mathematics, Professor.
CondItLons or the Sigma-Phese Formation In AaloyD 39
iffons r
Zakharovs, M. 1. Structural Transformation& In Highly Coercive
Alloys 52
Pagodin-Alekseyev, G-J.. Doctor of Ter_hn1caZ Sciences, Professor,"
fiveka&a, Candidate of Technical 3*lencea [deceased
ii-t~ec-t or the microstructure on tn. Development or Rover3tbll.
T*"r-2rlttlenas3 in Low-Carbon Manganese Steel 59
Fog--i-.&-AIekse)r*va, X. M., Candidate of Technical Science@. N>aomt.
Jrf4F6t -jjf-Sonj4 Metallurgical Factors on Ur-aln Aging or c0r-strUc-
tional Carbon Steel 67
151:*wn. X P.. Doctor of Technical Sciences. Professor, and Z. X.
Xtr"EkAx. Engineer. In'd=lng the rMhOating TOOPO.-Sturt In furtl"C
IF
Physical Metallurgy and Heat Treatment (Cont. ) BOV/5457 17-
Cpastluatlanal Alloy Stools 84
Doctor or Technical Sciences, Professor. and
ZngLneor. us* Boronlzing of Steel 92
Pinkayleh,
Candidate of Technical Sciences. and A N
~Enzlheor. Thermochemleal Treatment or Copper sndtt~;vs
for Xnareasing Their Surface Hardness and Scale Resistance io6
Xa!:h-'-cv. D. X.. Cand-Idate of Technical Sciences. The Forma-
t on-ar-Cr-ao~*- During the Quench Hardening or Steel and Their
Prevention 118
A. G., C-indidato or Technical Sciences, Docent, and
.Vtod t _; I
v,,Zn6Lnesr. Transformation. Properties, and
T?W1U=-F-cf-Jaloya of th* Cu-NI-ft 3ystem Used for SpftngS 13~
NolinkIna. Yo. 1. Candidate of Tochnimal Sciences. Daterml-
nation-vf-OVwrst1;na1 Prcp*rties of Tool Stools and Alloys 160
Oulyayev A P . Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor. S. L
jtus-Z~-'fi * its of Technical Sciences. Docent. G-N Orekhov,
"-py.-Me-katile . Engineers. How Stools for Die ko-~gN~f
Reat-Realstan CY IT9
Geller. Tu. A., Doctor or Technical Sciences. Professor. To. X.
L V. IF. Engineer. Hardonabillty of Alloyed
19T
L; didate or Technical Sciences. and K. Z. Sheinlzakov-
Can
Transformers for Righ-Prequezey Qp&n-cW--MWTe-n1ng.
-!Jtaj~~
-is-stallations 220
Fogodin-Aleksoyev. 0. 1.. and V. V. ZaSb~ole py=z4tov. Effect or
i
Vitr"o"oo on the 3truotur.,ft11At1'bn eaves In Metal Alloys 229
ATLXLABLEt Library of Congress (74672.N34)
S/123/61/000/012/011/042
AO04/A101
AUTHORSi Geller, Yu. A.; Malinkina, Ye. I.; Lomakin, V. N.
TITLE: Hardenability of alloyed tool steels
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Mashinostroyeniye, no. 12, 1961, 8o-81,
abstract 12B575 (V ab. "Metallovedeniye I tem. obrabotka metallov".
[Tr. Sektsii metalloved. I term. obrabotki metallov. Tsentr. pravl.
Nauchno-tekhn. o-va mashinostroit. prom-sti, no. 21. Moscow, 1960,
197-219)
T M The authors studied the hardenability of industrial melts of the
steel grades 9XC (gKhS) (18 melts), Wgf' (KhVG) (16 melts) and X (Kh) (5 melts).
It is expedient to determine and check the hardenability of these steel grades
by the face end hardening method according to ForT (GOST) 5657-51. The authors
established a dependence between the distribution of hardness over the length of
the face end specimen and over the cross section of cylindrical specimens of
alloyed hyper-eutectoid steels. The data of face end hardening according to the
suggested nomogram being available It Is possible to determine the hardenability
of cylindrical specimens up to 100 mm In diameter. In order to obtain more homo-
Card 1/2
S/123/61/boo/012/611/b42
Hardenability of alloyed tool steels A004/A101
geneous and higher properties of cutting tools and dies of large profile it is
necessary to rate the mentioned alloyed hyper-eutectoid, steels according to their
hardenability by the face end hardening method taking into account the nomogram
of the critical diameter and the distribution of hardness over the cross section.
There are 17 figures and 10 references.
N. Il'ina
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
Card 2/2
S/137/62/000/003/144/191
A052/A1O1
AUTHORS: Malinkina, Ye. I., Geller, Yu. A.,,Lomakin_Y. N.
TITLE: The hardenabillty of alloyed steel.
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurglya, no. 3, 1962, 711, abstract 31480
(V sb. "Mr.-todika I praktika motallogr, iusled inst'rum. stall",
Moscow, Mashgiz, 1961, 94-108)
TEXT: For the determination of hardonability of' alloyed tool sLeel by the
face hardening method)GOST 5657-51 provid(-,.,i for the design of the Installation,
shape and dimensions of the sample (25 'rim In diameter), The measurement of
hardness was done every 1.5 - 2 trim of the length of the sample starting frcm the
cooled face. For steels with a 5 mm hardpried layer, Bc - 60 Wa:3 checked by
additional measurements done every millimeter in checkered arrangement of imprints.
To plot the nomograms for recomputing the data of the face hardening method for
the hardenability of cylindrical samples cooled in oil or hot media, the methods
described in GOST 5657-51 were used. The nomograms were plotted on the basis
of experimental data obtained on steel f-X,(GKhS), X B F(KhVG) and X (Kh)
samples separately for cooling in oil and In molten saltpeter. The fitness of
Card 1/2
S/137/62/000/003/144/191
1 -1 G I
The hardenability of alloyed steel AOSMAL
nornograms was 6Lecked on a number of graden of alloyed tool titeels of different
smelts. The discrepancy between the experimental and calculation data was In-
significant. It is possible to use the nomoirreum, for calculating hardenability
of cylindrical samples of 50 min and over in diameter. The nomograms make
possible the solution of a number' of prar!tlcal problems by the data of the face
hardening method. The use of the nk)J1Og1'aM3 Is illustrated by extunples. The
hardenability bands obtained by the face hardening method on 16 amelta of KhVG
steel and 5 smelts of Kh steel are plotted, Tho broadest band has KhVG steel
which accounts for its worse machinability.
M. Rabinovich
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
Card 212
On pr-~p~rties of
-31
i
WIAKIN,V.P., inzhener
Review of "High-power walking excavators." N.P.Vorontsov-
Velliaminov, M.I.Kraitsbarg. Reviewed by V.P.Lomakin. Mekh.
trud.rAb.9 no.8:47 Ag'55- (MLRA 8:10)
(Excavating machinery) (Vorontaov-Velliaminov,N.P.)
(Flralteberg,M.I.)
DWROVSKIY.N.G. professor. doktor tekhnicheskikh nauk, laureat
Stalinskoy premii; GRZKOV,A.R., inzhener; KRAYTSBM,M.I.,
inzhener; LOWIN,V.P., inthener: TARTM.G.P., inzhener.
-
Excavator with an electromagnetic sliding coupling. Mekh.
stroi. 12 no.4:16-21 AP 155. (MLRA 8:6)
(Couplings) (Excavating mwhinery)
KRAYTSBHEG. H.I., kand.
lnzh.
tekhn. nauk; LOUKIN, V.P., inzh.; KAHINSKATA. D.A.,
0'.-&APMW~ -
Improving the electric drive of single-bucket excarators. Strol. i
dor. mashinostr. 2 no.11'3-6 N 157. (MIRA 11.11)
(Excavating machinery-Blectric driving)
k,,: f-pta!j. po ell
Vopr,,y truly k~..fvront3li_ (Frcbl*~* of F-hin. N1141"gi
Tr.n-~A:tl.te, or th. on the
Pruducti,v rc rose a th, Kher1k,v Ez.-Ic A-!n.'.trat1v~, hcglo.) F.I
lid-YQ V Vkr~6R. VA-0. IV p. 1,!00 co,,ioo prIntoi.
SponeoriuZ.Ar.owy- Aka-~!yu A&uk Ukrain.Ikey =,4. S"ot N pz~l
r7L-: z!l
WILorial bc~arl: Rear. Ll.s A.A. Vs.ll.tkc, lcal~-Ician of the lco!-Z 0.1 541-os
Ukr=; A.A. C~r.hkov, Cormip-llng Y-or, 1-1e-1 or :.1--a lj~.
Fvstrllov. Doctor cr Tactni4eLl ScIG=43; S.X. Euteenka; A.I. Adan,0:11~. CarhiAdat.
of T-hrit.1 Ztcl.,.c.3; G.M. DI~7,1.v, Candidate ..' 1,con-Acal Sciences; Ed. of
of Rcuact S.D. L.pkly; Tech. M.t R.A. burly.
PURFC.r. This tells.-U- of articles is intgnJad for scientific personnel, ongi-
nears, tt~hrleltna, so-rLt.s ..rk.rs, and pl.=Inr
CCMAG]~% Tho article, J..' ILh pmble~ In t.chnol.a .,,! t-t~iq.tj in the
"nufacturs of enCin-, hydraulic turtinas. dieval Ic.,w*.tv-, tractor., c-
blues, .1-tric.l -,hl..-y, at.. Ccn.11.-bl. att-ti.. I. tte-- to the f.1-
l"inCt tho dovolcj~ont of various ty;- of squlF-zent ut-4 fcr &uto~tlvn In t~.
coal Iniuptry; *;ulj,*nt developtant for Lho Vrc-utIQn ar.! use of rettirlor.1 the
devslo;~r.'. of tow acc-sorlas far etAsuring and ccntrolZIng
and th. i.trL,4-tI- of n.thM~ itt. r.--di.j: stl !I. f-1:-
Ize. X. F-Olts.. a.-* P..f.r .... 3 ~,* of U'. bitsel.'.
Them are ZO reforer-ol 16 Soviet, Z C*r%An. I Fre.-h, arA I LnrlSeh.
(:~ootor of Tothnical Sionc,s It V.4r'l -1 Nlytoh~ical
1. L.t ut Tr,. pm-% State or and L'4*.I-k for the of' EnCi-
buildinc AA
I.A, (Cti.r Disler- at the C:T.B-1
lonatrUtorol-ya Py-vm Dvtr,~toloy - State 4--lal FxCInc-D.-!Cn !,ro--u) In tl,.
.5" 1 K4W P3&nt]. Ucrk Done by the 6~~erp I ?~Jotn Plant In khor1kow
" ty Its CSXM In U,s resip of Sev Trv:tQr and Umbine FxCines 61
laah~t&. P.V'._~Chlef Doaie-r at the 12-4r'kcvWy traktcmyy lavoI (KhW~,,v
Tr.-tor llant)j. The All-Nrpcee 7-7~ CatorpillAr Tra-tor
Carr, M.S., end O.U. grax.aretko [Can~!!iate.% cf Terht!cal :;r!c=o6 at the
Institut lit,y=q:~ ;,-It-dat- j0 L*Lr~ (1-tIL,to of FL-dir,'. A:;
1zvvst1C,t4r%; the rp-1c 5trrr4th. of Corl-4- Cz 1,, the r,ct,.r -1
Trans,,ortstl- Inluotriez 75
?ostnikov. I.F. fD~tor of Tv:hnical ;kler-a at the jrvt!t~t *.1#ktrjtcIt,r.1kt
W Ukr."';R Wloctr~chazlc,l IT.3titUO AS Vaile fmv,,azt- fOr ha
a-Mb 1. V'a Field of Dcal" ef Xev -.JPa of Eleat'l. 87
?*ral'~Lvr, X.Y. lCar-11dits of T"~~n!tml Scierps at the fh.rlk~v V'-V,
of Proo~-tj for the Uvvlr;-zt (!' El-tlil,
Pri-
Pr,bl-, t-hlr. Nillit,; (C-.t.)
P,I ( o' at the tl--t
of t,. ,f c~~; ...... t~r
Pr.co,p..
V.Y., (Ch!.r -t r-lrtor at the lh~rlk: % ally el,ltl - 41- -,&,v
tVly .- Tr-l~ I:. U, ',,,,,,I,
ir t tr, I I.-A
Y.-L,k, (C-111-!.t, ~f T-hri-, ---ryy
(Th. ),- ,y
cr,.nly-, I-?. at the P%-q-
Tr.,
U~z6klt. 'V'P. .-L tt,
TV'TLt. r Y-P.111-1 1 Z7
69406
s/144/60/000/04/001/017
16, 4 jc-o v E194/E455
AUTHORS:. JbLAil'vev._Y+r1.q Candidate of Technical Scioncess Dotsent
and Lomakin, V. -, Aspirant
TITLE: Structural Diagrams and Electronic Analogues of Systems
Containing Cross-Field Amplidvneffl,,O~ I
PERIODICALtIzvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy, Elelctromekhanika,
1960, Nr 4, Pp 3-10 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The analogue representation of amplidynes usually
consists of two series inertia links with no allowance
for internal feed-back. This can lead to serious errors
because internal feed-back may have a decisive influence
on transient processes. An article by Ye.L.Ettinger and
Yu.R.Reyngolld (Ref 4) gave a very satisfactory
structural diagram to serve as a basis for analogues of
amplidynes with internal feed-back. In somewhat amended
form, the transmission functions given in that article
for resistively and inductively loaded amplidynes are
of the forms of Eq (1) and (2) respectively. The form
of Eq (3) applies to an amplidyne-generator system
where the amplidyne is the generator exciter. The
Card 1/4 physical meaning of Eq (1) is discussed; the amplidyne
69hC)6
S/144/60/000/04/001/017
E194/E455
Structural Diagrams and Electronic Analogues of Systems Containing
Cross-Field AmplidyneB
is represented as two inertia links with appropriate
feed-backs. The input magnitude of the first link is
the voltage on the control winding together with an
additional resistance; the output magnitude of' the
second link is the direct-axis emf. The representation
of brush displacement, iron loss and other features is
explained. The structural diagram of an amplidyne with
resistive load constructed according to Eq (1) is shown
in Fig 2; the corresponding diagram for an amplidyne-
generator system corresponding to Eq (3) is shown in
Fig 3. In both cases, the output magnitude is the
direct-axis emf but in practical cases the total
amplidyne armature enif is often of interest. It can
be determined from Eq (5) which may be represented by a
link with transmission function (6) connected as shown
in the diagram of Fig 3. The final amended structural
diagram of a non-linear amplidyne-generator system is
shown in Fig 4. The structural diagram discussed above
Card 2/4 may be used to formulate analogues of amplidynes with
69h06
s/144/60/000/04/001/017
E194/E455
Structural Diagrams and Electronic Analogues of Systems Containing
Cross-Field Amplidynes
resistive or inductive load and of an amplidyne-
generator system. For example, Fig 5 shows the diagram
of such an analogue. The accuracy of reproduction of
transients on the model was verified by comparing
oscillograms obtained on the actual amplidyne and on
the analogues. To this end, oscillograms were made of
the amplidyne transients for the no-load and resistive
load conditions. One of the amplidyne windings provided
feed-back according to the amplidyne voltage as shown in
the diagram of Fig 6. The corresponding structural
diagram is shown in Fig 7 which was used to construct
tho analogue circuit shown in Fig 8. The open position
of the switch PI in Fig 7 and 8 corresponds to the
no-load condition of the amplidyne and the closed
position of the switch to operation on load. As will be
seen from the oscillograms given in Fig 9, there is very
close agreement between the transients in the actual
amplidyne and in the analogue. In some drives
Card 3/4 capacitance or inductance may be connected in series with
S/ 14 4 /6 0'/0'0'0/04 /001/017
E194/E455
Structural Diagrams and Electronic Analogues of Systems Containing
Cross-Field Amplidynes
the amplidyne control windings instead of resistance.
In th"s case, the analogue should be based on the
procedure described in a previous article by the same Lt_/
authors with appropriate modifications to the circuits
given here. There are 9 figures and 7 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATIONiKharlkovskiy politekhnicheskiy institut
(Khar1kov Polytechnical Institut
SUBMITTED: November 27, 1959
Card 4/4
KRAYTSBEEa, M.I., kand.tekhn;nauk; WUNSKAYA, D.A., inzh.; LOMAKIN, V.P.,
I.nzh.
Low-inertla electric drive for excavators. Elektrichestvo n0-4:
26-30 Ap 60. (MIRA 14:4)
1. Moskovskiy inzhenerno-stroitelfnyy institut (for Kraytsberg).
(Excavating machinery"--Electric driving)
VASILIYXV, V.G., kand.teldm.nauk, dots.; KONDRAZMO, A.I., inzh.;
LOH&KIN, V.P., inzh.-, TARASOTA. N.Ta., inzh.
Use of an electronic model in the study of the electric
drive of the EVG-15 excavator@ Blektrichestvo no.6:39-41
Je 16o. (MIRL 13:7)
1. Kharikovskiy, politekhnicheskiy inatitut im.Lenina.
(Electric driving)
(Ixcavating mchiner7 I'lectric driving)
ERAITSBIRG. M.I.* dotviq-+., kand.tekhn.nauk; KAMINSKAYA, D.A., inzh.;
--LOMAKTH. Y.F-, Insh.
Control systems for drives of medium-sized excavators.
Blektrichestvo no-7:30-35 Jl 160. (MIRAL 13:8)
1. Moskovskiy inzhenerno-stroitellnyy iustitut (for Kraytebarg).
2. KharIkovskiy elektromakhanichaskiy zavod (for Kaminskaya,
Lomakin).
(fteavating machinery--Eleetric driving)
VASILIYEV, V.G., kand.tekhn.nauk; IAT~011. V.P., Inzh.
Mectron model of the electromechanical systems for di&ing mechaLisms
on powerful excavators. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav. gor. zhur. no.8:107-
11.6 160, (MIRA 13:9)
1, Kharlkovskiy politekhnicheskiy institut im. V.I. Lenina. Rekomen-
dovana. kafedroy elektrichookikh apparatov.
(LPxcavating machinery-Electromechanical analogies)
(3lectronic analog computers)
VASIL'YZV, V.G., kand.tekhn.nauk; IOMAKIN, V.P., inzh.; KAIASEDIIXOV,
V.I., inzh.
XLectron model of electromechanical lifting and thrust mechanisms
on excavating ~_achines with simultaneoun operation on the
part of these !aechanioms. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav.; gor. zhur.
no.9:109-116 16C~ (MIRA 13:9)
1. Khartkovskiy, politekhuicheskiv institut Im. V.I. Ionina.
(Rxcavating machinery-Electromechanical analogies)
(Zlectronic analog computers)
VASILIYIP,V, Viktor Gnorgiyevich, dotsent, kand.takhn.nauk; WMKIII.
Viktor Pavlovich, aspirant
Electronic simulation of circuits containing twIti-vound
inagnetic systems. Izv.vys.uchsb.zav.; elektro-mokh- 3
no.1:8-15 160. (Ma 13:5)
1. Zaveduyushchiy kafedroy slaktricheakikh appars1ov Kharl-
kovskogo politekbnicheakogo instituta (for Vasil'yov).
2. Kafedra alaktrichookikh apparatov Kharlkovskogo politekhni-
cheskof;o instituta.
(Blectromeebanical analogies)
(Electromagnets)
VASILtYL7, Viktor Georgiyevich, ImndAekhn.nauk, doteent; IDKAKDI, Viktor
Pavlovich, aspirant.
Structural schematics and electronic models of s7atems containing
transverse field amplidymes. Izv. v;rs. ucheb. zav.; elektromekh. 3
no.4:3-10 160.:. (XIR& 13:9)
1. Zavedurmhehiy kafedroy clektricheakikh apparatov Kharlkovskogo
politakhaicheakogo instituta (for Vasillyev). 2. Xafedra elaktrichaskikh
apparatov KharIkovskogo politekhnicheskogo instituta (for lomakin).
(Rotating amplifiers) (Ilectromechanical analogies)
s/i44/60/000/007/003/007
E194/E455
AUTHORS: Vasillyev,_V.G., Candidate.of Technical Sciences and
Lomakin, V.P.
TITLEs A Structural D 1,1ram and Electronic Model of a Cross-
Field Amplidyne ~Ponnected to a Branched Load
PERIODICALt Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy
Elektromekhanika, 196oA No.7, pp.42-46
TEXT% In order to investigate dynamic systems with analogue
computers, it is necessary to draw up structural diagrams of
individual links of the systems investigated; it is accordingly
of interest to formulate the structural diagram of an amplidyne.
This was done for the case of an amplidyne with a single
resistive or inductive load in an article in izvestiya vysshikh
uchebnykh zavedeniy glektromekhanika, 1960, No.4. In many cases,
however, the amplidyne load circuit is branched and then the
dynamic processes in the amplidyne are very different from those X.,
occurring in the case of a single load. A typical example of a
branched load is that illustrated in Fig.1, in which an amplidyne
is used to excite a generator field winding which is shunted by
a resistan,'- Circuit,; i
Card 1/'I
s/144/60/000/007/003/007
E194/E455
A Structural Diagram and Electronic Model of a Cross-Field
Amplidyne Connected to a Branched Load
drives, for example in excavators. The present article shows
how to formulate a structural diagram of the amplidyne for this
case, which is typical of amplidynes with branched loads.
Fig.2 shows the structural diagram of an amplidyne supplying a
generator field winding, already derived in the earlier article.
All that is now required is to make the modifications necessary
to allow for the shunt resistor. Eq.(1), (2) and (3) are then
written down for the amplidyne load circuit and solutions are
obtained in the form of the transmission functions (4) and (5).
These may be used to modify the structural diagram of Fig.2,
giving that of Fig-3 for the case of an amplidyne generator
supplying a branched load. Usually the amplidyne armature
resistance is much smaller than the generator field or shunt
resistances that form the load. In such cases, Eq.(6) and (7)
can be considerably simplified to the forms of Eq.(10) and (11)
respectively, and further equations (12), (13) and (14) may be
derived. The structural diagram of Fig.3 may then be simplified
to that of Fig.4 which forms the basis of the electronic model,
Card 2/3
s/144/60/000/007/001/007
E194/E455
A Structural Diagram and Electronic Model of a Cross-Field
Amplidyne Connected to a Branched Load
a diagram of which is shown in Fig.5. This model makes
allowance for the nonlinearity of the no-load curve of the
amplidyne and generator in the same way as was done in the
article. There are 5 figures and 3 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATIONS: Kharlkovskiy politekhnicheskiy institut
(Kharlkov Polytechnical Institute)
SUBMITTED; January 22, 1960
earlier
Card 3/3
KRAYTSBERG, M.I., dotsent; KAMINSKAYA, D.A., inzh.; LCMAKIN, V.P., inzh.
Dynamic quality of simplified electric-drive system for powerful
overburden stripping excavators. Izv. vys* uchebezavo; goro zhur.
no,11;163-170 '60, (EEAI 13:12)
1. Moskovskiy ordena Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni inzhenerno-
stroitellnyy institut imeni V.V.Kuybysheva. Rekomendavana
kafedroy elektrotekhniki Moskovskogo inzhenerno-stroitellnogo
instituta.
(Excavating machinery--Electric driving)
S/105/61/000/008/002/004
7, 3-13 0, E140/Ei63
AUTHORS: Vasillyev, V.G., and Lomakin, V.P. (Khar1kov)
TITLE. The design and calculation of electronic models of
electrical networks
PERIODICALi Elektrichestvo, 1961, No.8, pp. 41-45
TEXT: Generally in the modelling of electrical networks cill
analogue computers the point of departure is a system of
differential equations describing the network. The number of
operational amplifiers and integrators depends directly on the
manner in which the equations have been set up, and therefore some
discussion has been directed towards the most economical manner of
doing this. The present note concerns a method for passing
directly from the electrical network to the electronic analogue.
Only networks with either single voltage or single current sources
are handled by the method. The author first derives the equations
indicating the validity of the method, gives certain rules for
carrying it out, and states, without proof, that the method gives
the smallest number of amplifiers and integrators for a given
network. The method may be described as follows.
Card 1/ 7
26034
The design and calculation of ..... S/105/61/000/008/002/oo4
E140/E163
1) The method of dual networks may be used to model planar
electrical networks with lumped constants R, L, C, with a single
sour:e of voltage (current). 2) The circuit is modelled by
inserting its dual in the feedback network of the operational
amplifier. This circuit model will be termed the first dual
transformation. The dual is constructed in the well-known manner.
The voltage applied at the amplifier input is ku , where k is
the scale factor in constructing the dual network. 3) Branches of
the feedback network containing inductance are substituted by two
series-connected amplifiers, one to invert the polarity and the
second containing in its feedback network the dual of the
substituted branch. The network model thus constructed is termed
the second dual transformation. 4) The process of point 3 is
carried out until no inductances remain in the circuit.
,I) The values of the parameters in the model can be determined from
Table 1. 6) The voltage across elements which have been trans-
formed in the model in an odd number of steps will be modelled by
currents flowing through the corresponding element, and vice versa.
For those elements which have been transformed an even number of
times, voltages will be modelled by voltages and currents by
Card 2/7
N.
26034
The design and calculation of ..... S/105/61/000/008/002/Co4
E140/E163
currents.- 7) For simplicity, networks driven by a single source
of current are first transformed into voltage driven circuits, b:,
-introducing them without the dual transformation into the feedback
network of the first stage of the modelling process.(Table 2).
The successive steps for a typical network are shown in Fig-3.
There are 4 :C�gures, 2 tables and 2 references: 1 Soviet and the
folloi.r�ng.Engl�sh language reference;
Ref.l: Joseph Otterman. "On the loop- and node-analys�s appropches
to the simul.3Lt�on of electrical networks." -IRE Trans.
Electronic Comput., 1958, V. Ec-7, No-3.
SUM1ITTED: Apr�1 1-), 1961
Card 3/7
KAMINSKAYA, D.A., inzh. (Kharkov); VASIL'YEV, V-0., kand.tekbn.nauk
(Khar'kov). LOMAKIN, V.P., inzh. (Yhar'kov)
Study cf capacitative stabilization in a motor-generator system
with applidyni control. Elektrichestvo no.9-7E-82 5 '61.
MRA 14:9)
(Electric current converters) (RotatinF, amplifiers)
IDMKDI VIKTOR PAVIDVICH, - aspirant
Calculation of the operating conditiona of bucket excavators*
Izv. vyse uchebo zav,; elektromekhe 4 noe6s91-102 161*
(MIW. 14:7)
1. Kafedra elektricheskiklx apparatov Kharlkavskogo
po3itekJmicheskogo instituta.
(Excavatirg machinery)
SHENDETROVI, A.I.j, irizh.;j~MAKjIl,_jj~., inzh.; KA111NSKAYA, D,A., inzh.;
KALASHNIKOV, YU.T., lnzh.
Increasing the productivity of high-powered steam shovels by
automation of the digging process. Stroi. i dor. mash. 6
no.2:4-7 F 161. (MIRA 14:5)
(Power shovels)
KRAYTS&-IRG, kand.tor'Jin,,nauk; TOU'IIAGH, !,M., inzh,; LOMAKIN
V,P,_,_inzh,; YDNINSYM, D-'t.. , inzh.
Use of synchronous motoro on excavators. Vest. clektroprcm.
32 no.7:29-31 J1 161. (%.rIRA 34:10)
(Electric motors, Synchronous)
(Excavating machinery)
KRAYTSBERG, M.I., kand.tekhn.nauk; KAMINSKAYA, D.A., inzh.; LOMPI, V.P.,
inzh.; SOFOLOVSKIY, V.M., Inzh.
Effect of temperature on the basic parp-meters of the drive of an
excavator with electric controls. Stroi. i dor. mash. 7 no-3:
21-24 Mr '62. (KRA 15:4)
(Excavating machinery)
. ~ .1.
LOMAKINI, V.P.1 kand.tekhn.nauk
Galculation of the dynamic loads during stopping in the digging
meah,inisms of single-bucket excavators. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav.;
gor. zhur. 5 no.10:146-150 162. (MIRA 15:11)
1. KharIkovskiy politekhnicheskiy institut imeni. V.I.Lenina.
Rekomendovana, kafedroy matematicheskikh i schetnoreshayushchikh
priborov i ustroystv.
(Excavating machinery)
LOMAKIN., Uktor Pavlovich, aspirant
Structural schematic and electronic model of a transverse-field
amplidyne. Irt.vys.ucheb.zav.; elektromekh. 5 no.10:1097-1107
162o (KUM 15;11)
1. Kharikovskiy politekhnicheskiy inatitut.
(Rotating amplifiers)
VASILIYEV, V.G.,, kand*tokhn.nauk, dotsent; IDMIN V.P. kand.takhn.nauk;
TDMOVSKAU, L.Ye.., inxh.
Simulation of a magnetization cur7s, using an eleotronic model.
Elektrichootvo no.12sl!~-16 D 162. (KM 15t12)
1e Kharikovokiy politekbnicheskiy institut imeni lanina.
(Eleotrio machinery-Electromeohanical analogies)
Mectric networks)
LOMAKIN, V.P., kand.tekhn.nauk
Steady~otate characteriatica of a oyotem for automating the op,--ratlcoa
of single-bucket excavators. Elektrichastvo no.3t4&-51 Mr 163.
(MIRA 16f4)
1. Kharikovokiy av-todorozhnyy institut.
(Excavating machinery) (Automatic control)
z
ESSION I IWeM3 3 S/0144/64/000/009/1060/1065
AUTHOR: Kaminskaya, D.A. (Docent)
Lornakin, V. P. (Candidate of technical sciences, Head of automation department);
imanovs aya`"owM e. (Catididate of technical sciencf!6, Assistant in computing
instruments and -devices department)
TITLE: Electronic simulation of magnetic amplifiern
SOURCE: IVUZ. Elektromekhanika, no. 9, 1964. 1060-1065
TOPIC TAGS: electronic simulation, magnetic amplifier
ABSTRACT: Methods of electronic simulation of single- and 3-p1hase magnetic
amp!ifiers having internal positive feedback and operating under high alternating
magneti-.,.ation conditions are considervd. The conventional assurriptions (leakage
flu.xes are negligible, phases are symmetrical, etc ) are made. As the dilration
of the azipply-voitage half-cycle is much greater than the transient time of the
Crird I /Z
L 18605-65
ACCESSION NR: AP4047833
amplifier, average output quantities are used for a simplified description of the
transient process. Structural diagrams and electronic -simulator diagrams of
single- and 3-phase amplifiers are presented, as well as oscillograms of the
transients in an "Elektrotyazhrnash" (diesel electric -locomotive control) magnetic
amplifier and its simulator. Orig. art. luts: 6 figures and 21 formulas.
ASSOCIATION: none
SUB MIT TED: 2 1 jan64
ENCL; 00
SUB CODE: EC NO REF SOV, 003 OTHER: QOZ
Card 2/2
LCMAE-73, -Viktor,Pavlovich, EANINL;K A I,- r.-i A br...-mot"na,
ispoInyay-ushchaya
Study cf the effect of flexIbIe. Jnttarna: .,i
on the stability of elert:*L., drive-,.
elektromelch. 7 no.12.*1437-1-44-1+ 164. (MI'RA 18:2)
1. Zavedupishchiy kafed!-oy avtom,;if';.-KL av'--,-JorGzhnogo
instit,uta (4Lcr Lornaki.n). ;-'. Ka1*.,,d.r-a avtormat-Ir-.1, Khar1k.:-,vakogo
avtodorozimogo instituLa (for Kamlknska~yn).
KAMBISKAYA, Dora Abramovna; LOMAKRI, Viktor Favlovich, kand. tekhn. nauk;
TRIANOVSKAYA, Lidiya Yefimovna, kand. tekhn. nauk, assistertka
Electronic modeling of magnetic amplifiers. IM vys. ucheb. zav.;
elektromekh. 7 no.9.-1060-1065 164 WIRA 18il)
1. Ispolnyayushchiy obyazannosti dotsenta kafedry avtomatiki
Khartkovskogo avtodorozhnogo instituta (for Kaminska7a). 2. Za-
veduyushchiy kafedroy avtomatiki KharIkovskogo avtodorozhnogo
instituta (for Iomakin). 3. Kafedra matematicheskikh schetno-
reshayushchikh priborov ' ustroystv Kharlkovakogo politekbni-
cheskogo instituta (for Timanovskaya).
i,~"AKI'N
.-
C~Jrtrll L I :, 1 --. - ~ , 1 . ~- -~ ;- . I- - . -
Fig-'ng in rotnforci.,-i c. n " . -1 : "'. - ,, -:
Ja-Mr 165. 1 ": ~ 1 !~-,
T CIMAKI N , V . Pkarvi . ~ekhti . ri- I 'ki"i I
-'--"BOGDANOV, 11. 1. 9 1 r, Zri.
Analysis of the e nc--,r,,,r ,a R n~: C- 1; ' 1 :' I n37~ Z
raiolng drive of pownrfiil excawit.ors. !',',V. -lys. 11cripc). zav.;
gor zhur. 8 no.2:122-127 165. (MDA 1815)
1. Minrtkovskiy !tvto.,nobtllncdorczn:,.yy i,istAtli"'.
LOWIN YAj',6_kand. tekhn. nauk; KAMUCKAYA, D.A., kand. tekhn. nauk;
!~~~MlikARO-Vj A,V,, lnzhs
Study or th0 dynamlem of the oleatric drive of the steering
of the FSh-8/60 excavator. Stroia J doro mdaho 10 no*6s
7-9 Je 165. (MIRA 180)
LC14AKIN,, T.P.,, kand. tekhn. nauk; KAMINSKAYA, D.A., kand. tekhn. nauk;
MAYCAROV, A.V., inzh.; LYUBCFEIIKO, L.P... Inzh.
Analytic investigation of dynamic characteristics of the
drive of exoavator turn gear. Izv. vys. ueheb. 2av.; mashinostr.
no.9:113-1-18 165. (MIRA 18:11)
L 07052-67 - EW'F_(d_)AYW1)___!A'_(C)_
ACC NR, AP6028534 SOURCE CODE: UR/0280/66/000/003/0032/
0
4
T
AUTHOR: Lomakin, V. P. (Kharlkov); Kaminskaya, D. A. (Kharlkov); Polyakov, V. A.
(Kharlkovy-
ORG: none
TITLE: Solution of nonlinear convex problems ofmatheT on electronic
simulators
SOURCE: AN SSSR. Izvestiya. Tekhnicheskaya kibernetika, no. 3, 1966, 32-37
TOPIC TAGS: nordinear programming, computer SiMUlation, electronic computer, electric
analog
ABSTRACT: A method is examined for solving nonlinear convex problems of mathematical
programming on general-purpose electronic simulators. The problem being solved Is a sub-
stitution system on the basis of which it Is possible to construct an electrical circuit-analog
of the problem. The model of the circuit is sot up and solved on the electronic simulator.
The model Is constructed and calculated by the dual circuit method which eliminates the need
Card 1/2
-L 07052-67
At R- - -_ ____ - - -
C)
for setting up the circuitry and equations of the electrical circuit-analog. The nonlinear de-
pendences are reproduced by appropriate functional converters. The solution of nonlinear
problems of mathematical programming of the transportation type is examined as an example.
Orig. art. has: 13 formulas and 6 figures.
SUB CODE: 09/ SUBM DATE: 1ODec64/ ORIG REF: 006
2/2 vmb
V.i'. (Krlvu~, 1~ J, lt.j
Traumatiam tit, 9:e ~u-,hern C-.-- F; ~-: -in I ng7r, e I n ,y
Ortop., trhvm. i Lrctez~ 2,~:.
'A 12
1. Iz kafedry orfi.pedt'. lt trawmirologii ltzav.- r-ro". '..A. ':Mirnova)
i kafedry or~anlzatsii zdrAvookhrnziprIlya (z~,-:.- dotse.1'. -.F.
Yemellyanova,- Vn6propetrovsk:;gc aiaditsinrkcg.~, instituta 11-y
gorodskoy bollnit-sy Krivogo RugA (gl,)vn3ny ur;ci-,
3 C~
W,-.tt VA Ratv..:,n, vrtP,-!A
LOMAKIN, V.S.
wear of hubs and piston rings in mud rumps. Tren-
Investigating the -
i lmn.mash. nooll:47-80 156. (MIRA 9:9)
(Pumping machinery) (Mechanical wear)
LON A kllV~ Y, 51
AUTHORS: Lomakin. V.S. C.,ndid-ate Sciences, and
) V . I. , 9 r" 6 1 ri e ,, r
~ITIB: Wear-resistant Enamel C, -jatiiiZ,; for M-.-tdiine Components
(Iznoso6toykiye (letaley mashin)
PERIODICAL. Vestnik Mashinostroyenlya, 1958, No.2, pp. EA-66 (USSR).
ABSTRACT: Tests are reported concerned witli the viear-resistance of
enamel coatings on machine components, carried out at the
enamel plant "imeni krtema" in Voroshilovgrad. Specimens con-
sisted of plates of 92 x 40 x 5 Lun mounted in the slots of a
rotating mandrel as spokes in a xheell. The rotating specimens
were submerged in a bath filled with abrasi-~/e. The mandrel
was attached to the tool spindle of a honinF, machine which
performed rotational and reciprocatinE motions. The degree of
wear was judged by loss of weight. Dry and wet quartz sand
and coal dust were used as abrasives. The tests have shown
that ordinary vitreous enamel is poor in dry sand but protects
medium carbon steel in wet sand and in coal dust. Special
enamels can improve the near-resistar.ce in acid atmospheres.
Tests of enamelled puir.-p impellers, wial fans :--z mines and
coal chutes have shown the usefulneso of vitreous enamels for
increasing the service life of these units under coal mine
Cardl/2 conditions. There are 4 figures and 1 table.
MA32 I BOOK, 1XrL4DI?ATI0X' SOV/5053
Yeasayusnaya konforentsira po tronlyu I lznaou v waabinakh. 3d.
1958.
Xsnom I Isnosastoftost'. Antirriktalonny7a, materialy (Wear and
Wear Resistance. AntlfrlctLon Materials) Moscow, Izd-T0 AN
33SR Errata slip Inserted. 3.500 eagles printed.
(S*riX'i.1t3Tgu-dy, Y. 1)
Sponsoring Agencyl Akidenlya nauk 33SR. Xnatitut mexhinovedeulya.
&esp. U.: M. M. Khrushchov. Professor; Us. of Publishing
Room*: M. Y&. Alobancy, and 3. L. ".Ilic; Tech. Ed.s
T. V. Polyalcova.
rJRPM: Tt:Lin collection or articles is Intended for practicing
onlno*ro And research scientists.
COVIRACM: The collectIoN published by the Institut mashl noved only&,
AX 4= (Ins titute of Science of Machines, Academy or sciences
V=) contains papers presented at the III Vaesayuzmaya Kon-
forentslya go trtnlyu I Izoosu v mashInakh (Third All-Unlon
Conference an FrIctlon and Wear in Machines) which was hold
AprU 9-15, 1958. Problems discussed were in 5 aaln areas:
1) Rydrodynamic Theory of Lubrication and Friction Bearings
Chalzmant To. M. Outlyar, Doctor of Technical Sciences, tn,%
A. X. D'yachkov, Doctor or Technical Sciences); 2) Lubrication
and Lubricant Materials (Chalrcuo: 0. V. Vinograday, Doctor of
Cbexle&l Sclancos);- 3) Dry and Boundary Priction (Chairman:
11. V. DerysgLn, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences
M=. and X. V. Kragal'skly. Doctor of Technical Sciences);
4) Wear and Wear Realstane :.J~hslroanz M. M. Km3hchov,
Doctor Of Techn1cal Selene , and 5) Friction and Antifric-
tion Materials (Chalrmeni 1. V. Xragel'skly, Doctor of Tech-
nical Sciences, and M. M. J-ruahebov, Doctor of Technical
Sciences). Chairman or the
) general assembly (on the first and
last day of the conference a Academician A. A. Blagonrawav.
L. Ta. Prushaoskly, Candidate of Technical Sciences, was 841-
ontifle secretary. The transactions of the eonfereuce were
published in 3 volumes. or which the present volume Is the
first. This volume contains articles concerning the wear and
wear resistance of antifrictlon materials. Among the topics
covered are: modern developments In the theory and exparl-
sental science or wear resistance of materials, specific data
On the wear reilstanc* of various combInstlans of materials,
methods for Increasing the wear resistance of cortaln materials.
the arfects or friction and wear on the structure Of materials,
the mechanism Of the seizing of mtalo. the effect or various
types or lubricating "%trials on seizing. abrasive wear of a
wide variety of materials and components antlar -~iy differen!
conditions. modern developments In antifriction materials, &n,2
the *!Teets of f1mish AAchInlng an wear resistance. Many per-
tonalities are mentioned In the text. References Accompany ft-t
S. Wear Realstanci of Enamel, Coatings
1-1, ;ostr.*. go. 2, 195S, under the title 27 1
Resistance of Enamel Coatings of Machine tarts' )
I axing the
I ~~ and V_-1-Mpozradu- inere
SIP "ce
.:.~M-. - of, Drill Bit& t Vestn.mamblnostr.", No. 7#
1959) 271
Laboratory Inv*atlgatlon of tie
Abrasive Wear of Steele In the Case or Alternating
Notary XztlOn ('Vemtn.mashInostr.wq No. T. 1959)
Chqstnov~ A. L- laboratory Investigation of Contact
Vatlcuq of Rolling Surfaces (-Tronly* I Ltnon v
washinaW, ob. XV. Lad. AN SSZR) JTI
bulhl__l ACaua*a of Damage to Crankshaft Bearings
4' b? Heavily Loaded Dlesels ("Vestn . aaahlno3tr.'. No. 7,
1959) 472
Card 12/13
1-n
PHASE I BOOK EXPIDITATION SCV/3948
Akademiya. nauk SSSR. Institut mashinovedeniya
Treniye i iznos v mashinakh; sbornik XIV (Friction and Wear in Machinery; Col-
lectiou of Articles, no. 14) Moscow, Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1960. 333 P- Errata
slip inserted- 3*000 copies printed.
Flesp. Ed.: M. M. Khrushchov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor; Ed. of Pub-
lishing House: V. A. Giryayeva; TL%ch. Ed.: G. A. Astaflyeva; Editorial Board:
Ye. M. Gutlyar, Doctor of Technical Sciences,, Professor; A. K. D'yachkov,
Doctor of Technical Sciences., Profeaeori 1. V. Kmgellskiyj Doctor of Techniral
Sciences, Professorj A. D. Karitsyna.. Candidate of Technical Sciences; L. Yu.
Pruzhanskiy., Candidate of Technical Sciences; and M. M. Ehrushchov, Doctor of
Technical Sciences, Professor.
PURPOSE: The book is intended for scientific research workers and designers in the
machine industr7.
COVERAGE: The recent works of Soviet scientists on the subject of friction and wear
in machinery are presented. Problems discussed include abrasive wear, the real
Card 1/5
Friction and Wear in Machinery (Cont.) SOV/3948
area of contact surface, wear resistance and anbifriction properties of some
bronze and brass materials, the effect of hot jets of gases on surface layerp
of steel, and seizure and movements of journals in bearings. Brief biog-mphieal
sketches and bibliographies of the works of Ye. M. Shvetsova, V. F. lonrents,
and L. V. Yelin are presented. Bibliographies on friction, wear.. and llibri-
cation for 1956 and 1957 compiled by Ye. 0. Villdt are also presented.
References accompany several of the articles.
TAKE OF CONTMS:
Foreword
Babiche-!, M.A. Investigation of Abrasive Wear of Metals According to the
3
Brinell Method 9
KraEplIskiy,, I.V., and N.B. Demkin. Determination of the Trup. Ax-ea of a
Contact Surface 37
Lomilkia,V.S., and V.I. S%vchenko IDeceased). Investigation of Wear
IV-s-ist9-nc`e--o?'Rnamel Coatings as Applied to the Life [Extension] of
Ma--hine ftrts 63
Card 2/5
Friction and We" In Machinery (Cont.) SOV/3948
Garkunov.9 D.N. Investigation of the Wear of Conju&ted Parts caused by
Reciprocal Hotary Motion 93
Kolesnikova., V.S.., and N.N. Belousov. Investigation of Antifriction
Properties of Some bronzes and Brasses 100
Yankevich, V.F. Changes in Structure and Composition of Surface layers
of Steel Uader the Action of a High-Temperature Jbt of Compressed Gases 171
SorLin, B.Kh., and S.L. Matskovich. Resistance of StaAbless Steels
to Seizure During Friction With lubrication 185
Smirnov, V.I. Friction and Wear in Friction-Gear Drives With Tilting
Idlers 202
Meng, V.V. Inveotigation of Galling of Steel During Testing on Roller-
Type Machinery, 222
Card 3/5
Friction and Wear in Machinery (Cont.) SOV/3948
Pruz:=skiy, L.Yu. Hathod of Determining Internal Stresses in Thin-
Wall~d Bimetallic Specimens 240
Karatyahkin., S.G. On the Determination of the Geometry of Motion of
the Center of a Journal in a Bearing During Loading by Fluctuating
Forces
Korovehinskiy, M.V. On Unsteady Movements of a Journal in a Bearing
In Memory of Ye.M. Shvetsova. Bibliography of Her Works
In Memory of V.F. Lorents. Bibliography of His Works
In Memory of L.V. Yelin. Bibliography of His Works
Bibliography on Friction, Wear, and Lubrication for 1956
ce.rd 4/ 5
247
267
2614
287
290
294
Friction and Wear in Machinery (coat.) SOV/3948
Bibliography oa Friction, Wear, and Lubrication for 1957 (First Part) 316
AVAILAMZ: Library of Congress
VK/pw/fal
Card 5/5 9-26-6o
S/711/bO/014/Q0O/UOj/011'*
D262/D301
AUTHO'HS: Lomakint-V.S., and Savchenkop V.I. (Deceased)
TITLE; Investigating vicar qualities of enamel coatings
0
suitable for machine components
SOURCE: Akademiya nauk SSSWR. Institut riasl.-Anovedeniya. T.-,QrAY---
i iznos v riashinakh, v. 14, 1960p 63 - 92
TTEXT: In this study laboratory and factory tests designed to invr?-
stirate the effect on wear and tear of enamel coatinGo applied to
some nach-ine componentap are described in detail. The results are
recorded in form of tables and graphs and are analyzed. Fo.- 1--bo.L-,--
tory tests a special installation was builtt as shovm in Fig. 1 (1-
set of a' specimens, 2 - holder, 3 - bath, 4 - cover, 5 - collar, 6-
thermometer or thermocouple, 7 - heat resisting mat~-erial, 8
machine spindle). Specimens of steel 30, covered vlith enanel no.
401, and dry and viet abrasives (quartz sand, and also anthracite ind
gan coal) were,used. The following tests were made to determine "Ghe
ef:'ect on wear: Y/orking time with dry and wet abrasives, -type Oai-!
grain size and moisture contents of abrasives, acid solutions (oul,
Card 1/2-
3/711/60/014/000/00.'0) 1
Investigating wear qualities of ... D262/D301
phuric acid). The industrial tests included testing of variou.,, ci_.-
mels used for general technical purposes (acid and heat-resistint~
enamels excluded) and also wear tests of a number of enamelled :.-a-
chine parts uspd mostly in the coal industry (pump wheels, sha~,'!~
fans conveyor-..plates). Conclusions: Wear of enamel coatLn~~S
ses with increasing grain size of abrasives, and tl,e incrc%~;e of
the acid conceptration in the abrasive medium. Wear qualities c,,f
enamel cover" ~parts are much superior to plain steel and c1nromium
lated i4'
vemse,iEnamel coatine is an effective method of imDrovir_;
.,.,.ea.r qualitie6. of machine part3o increasing workin6 life of i_,-
and assembliesc and because o 'L its relatively low cos ".', it i Ic -
mically expedient. As a result of further works on th-iS sub-~eot,
the field of',enamel coating applications in the nachilie
be .,.onsiderably extended. There are 7 figures, 14 tablec ojid 2' ';,,:,v-
iet.-bloc references,
Card 2/3
WMAKINp V.S.9 kand.tekhn.naukj SAVCRENKOp V.I., (deceased) kand.tekhn.nauk
Enameled minin machine elements. Ugoll 36 no.1:45-48 Ja 161.
(MIRA 14:1)
(Coal mining machinery)
(Enamel and enameling)
V. v
f-I -
The gathering and utilization of shed wool Yoskva, G03. izd-vo sellkhoz. lit-ry.
1953. 30 n- (54-22218)
SF202.16
1. Cattle - Russia. 2. Hair.