SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT GALPERIN, YE.I. - GALPERIN, YU.I.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000614130006-0
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 19, 2001
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

ACCESSION NRt AP4007806
S/0049/63/000/012/1833/1836
AUTHORt Gallperin, Ye. I.; Zayonchkovskiy, M. A.
)TLTLEI Methods and techniques of deep seismic sounding at sea from
,submarines
'SOURCE: AN SSSR, Izvestiya. Seriya goofLzicheakaya. no. 12, 1963,
1833-1836
,TOPIC TAGS: seismology, deep seismic sounding, submarine seismic
!sounding, hydrophone, underwater seismic sounding, suboceanic struc-
iture, earth crust study
',ABSTRACT: Soviet submarines have been used since 1958 as underwater
;seismic stations in deepselamic soundings In the Pacific Ocean. The
?equipment used differed little from that on surface vessels, consisting
;of hydrophones.mounted outside the hull connected to amplifiers and
'filters to receive seismic waves at 3-12 and 30-300 cps. The data
iwere recorded on photooptical and magnetic tape recorders. The sub-
marine& also carried chronometers to synchronize operations with the
Card I / 2

iACCESSION NR: AP4007806
surface vessels, During the survey the submarines remained submerged
and stationary while the surface vessel moved along a predetermined
course setting off 150-kg charges programmed at 7.5-15 min intervals
with an accuracy of J-1-2 see. About 2000 shots [presumably depth
charges] were fired covering- a profile more than 8500 km long. Though
the results were satisfactory, and at a depth of 70-100 m the readings
were not affected by wave action even in a cough sea, submarines were
found to be too expensive for ordinary use. Orig. art. has: 1 figure.
ASSOCIATION: Akaderaiya nauk SSSR. Institut fiziki Zemli (Academy of
Sciences SSSR. Institute of Physics of the Earth)
SUBMITTED: 21Dec62 DATE ACQ: 2'OJan64 ENCL: 00
SUB CODEs AS NO REF SOV: 005 OTHER: 001
Card

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P" -Lut c'IIf
ACC NR: AT6008785 tSOURCE CODE: UR/2657/6.5/000/014/0095/0130
t;ATJTHOR: Agapava, M. G. i Gal perin, Y 0. 1.
ORG: none
!,TITLE: Principles of thermal design f radiator-ty uctor devices
pa a.errucand
SOURCE: Poluprovodnikovyye pribory i ikh primeneniye; abornik statey, no. 14,
1965, 95-130
:TOPIC TAGS: semiconductor device, heat transfer, transistor/F201A transistor
ABSTRACT: Three parts are discernible in the present article: (1) Well-known
generalities of heat transfer (heat conduction, convection, radiation; simulation
of heat transfer by electric circuits; relations between maximum temperature,
mean temperature, and the duty factor of pulses passing the junction); (2) Types
and functioning of semiconductor -device radiators (a compilation based on 19 56 -6 3
Card 1/2 UDG: 621.382.017.7Z
Card 24S

GALIFERIN, Ye.I.; GORDONOV, A.Yu.; FOPCHEIIKOV, 7.K.
. 1. , - : . -
Designing trigger circuits for point contact crystal triodes with
consideration of interchangeability. -Poluprov. prib. i ikh prim.
no.2:340-352 157. (MIRA 11:6)
(Transistors) (Blectonic circuits)

9(4) 24(6) PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/1765
Vaesoyuznoye nauchno-tekhniche5koye obahchestvo radiotekhniki i elek-
troavyazi
Foluprovodnikovaya elektronika (Semiconductor Electronics) Moscow,
Gosenergoizdat, 1959. 222 p. 13,950 copies printed.
Ed-. :
V.I. Shamshur; Tech. Ed.: K.P. Voronin.
PURPOSE: The book is intended for engineering and technical personnel
. working with semiconductor devices.
COVERAGE: The book is a collection of lectures delivered at the All-
Union Seminar on Semiconductor Electronics in March 1957. The
seminar was organized by the Scientific and Technical Society of
-Radio Engineering and Electrical Communications imeni A.S. Popov.
The authors of the lectures have attempted to systematize the basic
information on the operation of semiconductor devices. The articles
describe the operation and characteristics..-of crystal diodes and
transistors and discuss their application in various low-frequency,
high-frequency and pulse circuits. No personalities are mentioned.
References appear at the end of each article.
Card 1/7

Semiconductor Electronics
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Foreword
SOV/1765
3
Ye.I. Gallperin. Basic Physical Concepts 5
he author discusses the physical aspects of semiconductor ma-
terials. He describes the atomic structure of the various ele-
ments and presents a discussion of energy levels In metals and
dielectrics. There are 13 Soviet references (including 4 trans-
lations). i
N.A. Penin. Electrical Properties of Semiconductors 25
The author gives a brief description of semiconductors, such
as selenium, tellurium, and germanium. Particular attention is
paid to the atomic structure of germanium crystals and to con-
auction in crystals with and without impurities.
N.Ye. Skvortsova. Semiconductor Crystal Diodes 32
The author discusses the construction and operation of point-
contact and junction-type crystal diodes. She also presents
methods of making rectifying contacts and describes the effect
Card 2/7

Semiconductor Electronics
SOV/1765
of temperature on diode operation. There are 2 Soviet references
(including 1 translation).
Ya.A. Fedotov. Triode Transistors 42
The author briefly discusses the theory of junction-type and
polnt-contact transistors. Chief attention Is given to the
theoretical and operational aspects of junction-type transistors.
The author discusses the characteristics of junction-type triode
transistors and describes the effect of frequency on transistor
parameters. He also describes transistor power amplification and
discusses methods of obtaining high operating frequencies. A
brief description of junction-type tetrode transistors is also
presented. There are 7 Soviet references (including 5 transla-
tions).
Ye.I. Gallperin. Triode Transistor as an Amplification Circuit
ElemenE_ 87
The author discusses the construction, operation and applica-
tion of triode transistors. He describes various methods of
transistor connection and gives expressions for equivalent cir-
cults and transistor parameters. There are 6 Soviet references
Card 3/7

Semiconductor Electronics
(including 1 translation).
SOV/1765
V.I. Gevorkyan. Stabilization of Power Supply Circuits of Triode
Transistor Amplifiers 105
The author discusses methods of stabilizing the operation of
bias circuits and describes an analytical method of calcula-
ting transistor performance. He also presents a graphical
method of determining the quiescent point and discusses tran-
sistor circuits with automatic bias. There are no references.
A.G. Fillipov. Direct-coupled Amplifiers 117
The author describes the operation of d-c transistor amplifiers
and discusses their operating characteristics. He also describes
methods of stabilizing transistor operation by using negative
feedback, balanced and bridge circuits. There are 10 references
of which 1 Is Soviet and 9 English.
Yu.I. Konev. Triode Transistors in Amplification Circuits of Servo-
mechanism Systems 132
The author discusses the application and operation of transis-
tors in servomechanism circuits. Emphasis is placed on a dis-
Card 4/7

Semiconductor Electronics
SOV/1765
cussion of servomechanism transistor components, such as a-e
amplifiers, modulators, and phase-sQnsitive amplifiers. There
are 7 references of which 6 are Soviet (,including 1 transla-
tion), and 1 English.
A.A. Kulikovskiy. High-frequency Transistor Amplifiers 151
The author discusses equivalent circuits of high-frequency
transistor amplifiers and describes methods of calculating
their parameters. He describes the operation of interstage
resonant circuits and examines the effect of feedback In tran-
sistor circuits. He also discusses transiator stability, sta-
bilizing networks for the internal feedback In transistor cir-
cuits and the noise factor. There are 15 references of which 3
are Soviet, 1 German and 11 English.
T.M. Agakhanyan. Transient and Frequency-Phase Characteristics of
a Jun'ction-type Triode Transistor 173
The author discusses transient, frequency and phase character-
Istics, of junction-type triode transistors. He also.derives
expressions for transfer functions for various types of tran-
s1stor connectlons and deserlbes the equIvalent c1rcult for h1gh
Card 5/7

Semiconductor Electronics
SOV/1765
frequencies for a junotion-type triode transistor. There are 8
references of which 2 are Sov.iet (including I translation), and
6 English.
T.M. Agakhanyan. Triode Transistor VideQ.Amplifiers 187
The'author discusses linear and nonlinear distortions In tran-
sistor video amplifiers and describes circuits with complex
feedback and current distributing networks. A brief discus-
sion of multistage amplifiers is also presented. There are.2
references, both Soviet.
B.N. Kongnov. Trigger and Relaxation Circuits Using Junction-type
Triode Transistors 197
The author describes the operation and characteristics of sym-
metrical triggers and multIvibrators-using Junction-type tran-
sistors. He also discusses their stability and derives expres-
sions for calculating transistor tircuit performance. TkAere are
4 references of which 3 are Soviet and 1 English.
G.S. Tsykin. Transistor Inverter of D-C Voltages 208
The author discusses the operation and characteristics of in-
Card 6/7

PMW I BOOK EXPLOrrATION s(N/4675
and Yu. N. Salitskiy
poluprovodaikovyye logicbeskiye pereklyuchayushchiye skhemy
(Semiconductor Logical Switching Circuits) Moscow, Gosenergoizdat, 196o. 243 P.
Ermta slip inserted. No. of copies printed not given.
Ed.: V. G. Masharova; Tech. 2d.: B. V. Staurov.
PURPOM: This survey is intended for specialists working in the field of semi-
conductor pulse devices and digital computers. It may also be used by
students taking advanced courses in related fields at schools of higher technical
education.
COVERAO: The survey deals with problems of design and calculation of various
semiconductor logical switching circuits and assemblies used in digital
computers. Characteristic features of semiconductor switching devices are
described, and basic circuit diagrams applied in semiconductor logical systems
are analyzed. The basic sources of this survey are 5 English books a-ad 5
articles in periodicals, published in the UU, and the PToceedings of a

Seaicondvzctor Logical Switching (Cont.) SOV/4675
symposium held in 1959 in Philadelphia. A list of these sources is given at
the end of the foreword. No personalities are mentioned. Peferences and a
bibliography accompany each chapter.
TABIZ OF CON!MNTS:
Foreword 3
Ch. 1. Characteristic Features of the Operation of Semiconductor Devices
Under Switching Conditions 7
1. remarks on the operation ofPObt-c=tAct,dtdftg-mdetl-mdtcuag
conditions 7
1.1 Recovnrzy time 8
1.2 Transients in a forward direction 111
2. Transistor characteristics operating under switching conditions 24
2.1 Transistor as a switch 24
Gene ral information 24
Com.on-base circuit 26
Common-emitter circuit 30
Common-collector circuit 33
Temperatin-e ef fect 34
Card-eftT_

FEDOTOV, Ya.A., otv.red.; RARKANOV, N.A., red.; BIMGM'Wfi, I.G., red.;
BROYER, A.M., red.;..GALIPMIN Ye I , red.; KAMETSKIY. Yu.A.,
red.; KAUSOV, S.F., red.; KONW, YU.I., red.; KRASILOV, A.V.,
red.; KULIKOVSKIY, A.A., red.; ITIKOLAYRVSKIY, I.F., red.;
STEPAHM&D, I.P., red.; VOLKOVA, I.M., red.; SKMOV, B.V.,
tekhn.red.
[Semiconductor devices and their applications] Poluprovodni-
kovye pribory i ikh primenenis; abornik statei. Moskva. Izd-vo
*Sovetskoe radio". No.6. 1960. 333 P. (MIRA 13:12)
(Semiconductors) (Transistors)

FEWTOY, Ta.A., otv.re(t.-j"*GAL'FMUS,,Te.I., zomestitel' otv.red.: BAILKANOV,
N.A., red.; BERGELISON, I.G.. red.; BROYIE, A.M., red.; KJAMaN31--SLIT,
Tu.A., red.; KAUSOY, S.F., red.; KRASILOY, A.T., red.; KULrKOVSKrY,
A.A., red.; NIKCLATWX SKIT, I.Y., red.; PKIIIN, N.A., red.; STEPA-
NFMO, I.P., red.; VOIKOTA, I.M., red.; MSHNIKOV, A.A., tekhn.red.
(Transistor devices nnd their applications; collection of articleB.]
Poluprovodnikovye pribory i ikh primenenie; sbornik statei. Moakva.
Izd-vo *Sovetskoe radio." No.4. 1960. 423 P. (MIRA 13:5)
(Transistors) (Electronic circuits)
A

~,GLLIPERIN, Ye.l. _(g~Moskva)
Remarks on the terminology in the field of transistor electronics.
Izvo vys. ucheb. zav.; radiotekh. 4 no.1:101, Ja-F 161.
OERA 1434)
(Transistors-Teiminol.ogy)

AII~ORIIUIOV, A.G.; VAYTSi-Ul-.I, P.S.; GALIPERIL, Ye.I.; ZVER-W, S.M.;
ZJCfOlI,GHKOVSKIY, III.A.; R.M.;
0 iIK-1 -.OTA, G. G. ; TULIII 9 YtI.V.
Deep sel:sni ic c;ou1idin.r- in the transition zone between the
continent of Asia and the Pacific Qqean during the InternatiorAl
G--ophysical Yoar. Izv. Ali SSSR. Ser. geof-z. no. 2:169-184 2 161.
(IURA 14-2)
L.Inctir,ut f-:ziki Zemli AIII SSSIR.
(Soviet Far ZILS t--Se ismome try)
(Earth--6urface)

GALIPERIN, Ye.I.
Changes in the direction of particle displacement during the
passage of seismic waves through the low velocity zone. Izv.
AN SSSR. Ser.geofia. no.5:585-594 My '62. (MIRA 15:8)
1. Institut fiaiki Zemli AN SSSR.
(Sainmology)

GALIPERIN, Ye.I.; FROLOVA, A.V.
study of seismic waves by combined vertical and horizontal
profiling. Izv. AN SSSR. Ser. geofiz. no.9:1307-1323 S 163.
(MIRk 16:10)
1. Institut fiziki Zemli AN SSSR.

GALIPERIN, Ye. I.
Eigierience gained in detailed study of a velocity model for
the upper part of the cross section under conditions of slight
velocity differentiation, Izv. AN SSSR.Ser,goofiz. no. 4:456-
474 Ap 164. (MIRA 17:5)
1. Institut fiziki Zemli AN SSSR.

I j .i.. I -~ ;!I
G i't 1, PE R I N , Y o . I
Study of MUltJ-Dly reflected wave3 In vertical seismic pro"'Lling.
Izv. All SSSR. ~iz. zem. ro.12:1-12 165. (METTUL 19.. 1)
1. Institut fiziki zemli AN SSSR. Submitted June 11, 1964.

GJkLIPFMIN, Ye. L. Cand Phys-Math S,ci -- (diss) "Change of the crystalline
.."'ONWwwww v2,J
struoture of steel during cold and hV
M treatments." Lon, 1957. 11 pp (Len State
Ped Inst im A. 1. Gertsen. Chair of General Mysics), 100 copies (KL, 4-57,80)
- -3-

GALPERIN, . L. and TMaNASOV, YU. S#
The National Committee for Crystal-logratkhy of the USSR
"Crystal Structure Changes of Steel During Hot and cold IYeatment"
Section 5-10 1 a paper submitted at the General Assembly and International Congress
of Crystallography, 10-19 Jul 57, Montreal, Canada.
C-3,800,189

70-4-12/'16
AUTHOR: Gallperixi, Ye.L. and Terminasqv., Y4.3.
TITLE: Ci-jstal structure changes in steel caused by heat treatment
and cold wo (Izre re k-jistalli hesk:o struktury
Pee c
0 WY 0
&al' b~b3tkp_ 49
Kk:vl val staft.Loffrap Y
FEBIODIC! . 3.S_ aMM&MM (U.~__~ 0 1
Vol.2, No.4 25
lp pp. 519 5 S.R.)
ABSTRACT: Changes of different structural characteristics, such as
dispersion, elastic and static distortions of the a-phase
latutice, characteristic temperature and carbide-phase state,
were exami-ned during plastic deformation and heat treatment of
,silicon steel 550 2'
Steel samples were statically compressed, and a part of
them was filed (after annealing) in order to obtain-powder.
The-roentge.,iographic part included photographic and ionisation
measurements of the diffraction maxima produced by Fe Ka and
Mo Ka radiations.
E`ffects of fragmentation and elastic distortions, rees-Pons-
ible for the diffraction-line widening, were separated analy-
tically and by means of harmonic analysis.
Both methods gave a satisfactory coincidence of the elastic
distortion data. The calculated crystallite dimensions
Card 1/3 depended essentially on the choice of the analytic function.

70-4-12/1-6.
Crystal structure changes in steel caused by hi~~at treatment
and cold working. (Cont.)
The function 1/(l + K2x2 )2 was found to be the most suitable.
Static distortions o-* the atomic lattice were rated accord-
ing to changes in the dIffraction-line iiitensity for the lines
(110) and (220) of Fe Ka radiation and 6:!LDi24~L38 Of Mo Ka.
radiation. The extinction effect was taken into accouiit and
it was found that this effect is p2actically unimportant for
Mo -radiation. The extinction effect provoked a 10-15,0f,, inten-
sity change of the (110) line of Fe Km radiation.
No regular intensity changes were found in the course of
plastic deformation, which apparently proves the a of a
direct connection between stetic distortions and Olps_,t).
4n attempt was made to statd'a relationship between the
structural characteristics of the samples examined and their
mechanical properties, e.g. microhardness. It was found that
the hardening of deformed steel is due essentially -'U-o sub-
microscopic structural non-uniformities appearing in the course
of the a-phase fragmentation 9~nd-the formation of severely dis-
torted boundary regions.
An identical method was applied to the examination of oil-
hardened steel samples tempered at 200-?00 0 for 1 hour. The
Card ?13 carbide sediment from a part of the samples was obtained and

70-4-12/16
Cry'stal structure changes in steel caused by heat treatment
and cold working. (Cont*)
examined by means of Fe Ka radiation.
Maximum changes of the-steel 5502 characteristic temperature,
caused by heat treatment, do not exceed 3-4%o.
A regular diffraction intensity change is found in the
course of tempe which allows static distortions to be rated
according to t
Tempering of ha:4Zned steel 550 at less than 400 0 causes
the formation of an intermedijite cirbide with a hexagonal
lattice (a = 2.72t a = 4,35 1). At higher temperatures this
carbide transforms actively to cementite.
The main affect on the tempered steel hardening has several
factors: carbon state, different admixtures and their distri-
bution, and static distortions of the a-phase lattice.
There are 3 figures and 2 tablesp and 21 references, 12 of
which are Slav:Lc.
SUBMITMD: , February 22, 1957.
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress.
Card 3/3

-ORS 70-5-24/31
!'!a!'pe:E-_J',_n, Ye.L. and Terminasov, Yu.S.
On the State of Carbon in Annealed Silicol-i Steel
(0 sostoyanii ugleroda v otpushchennoy krei.inistoy stali)
1-Z' TIODICAL: Kris talloCraf iya, 195?, Vol.2, No.5, pp. -~._93 - 695 (USSR)
~'ACT. J_
Carb'de deposits were extracted froi,; ani-icaled silicon
(0-55% C, 1.84r;vl Si) by an electrolytic metILod and
r,--owder photographs were taken. The steel 'Lad been
,,-uen.-~hed and then annealed at temperatures betmreen 300 and
_.')O0 for an hour. The povider photographs shozed spacings of
r 2.18 ri 2.07 s, 1.59 w, 1.3? w -and 1.2L~ W which could
t~. a-i-lexed on. the basis of a hexagonal cell ~%,ith a = 2.72 and
35 This compound occurre when the steel was annealed
elr~w 400 C. Between 400 and 500 C this nresumed intermediate,
stable carbide transforns to platy ceE;e~itite and above
~7,00 -C intensive coagulation of the carbide phase takes place
~resuitinE_ in-a transformation to three-dimensional crystals.
21;ere are 1 plate, 1 table and 8 references, 7 of ~,;hich are
A.I. Gertsen State Pedagogical Institute,
Leningrad.
(LeninCradskiy Gosudarstvennyy Pedagogicheskiy
IIStitut Oertffena)

. . i. r~0-5-224/31
- . - - S ~--te of C:irbon irl ILrincaled Silicon Steel.
-;,~ -,L'i2?TED: January 3, 10/57
A - i Alt I-A HE, - Library of Uongress
-, i-A 'V2
I z , :4 , , ~ ! ~ ! - - ~ F . - - -

A-UTHOR:
TITLE:
PERIODICAL:
L
y
GALIPERIN,Ye.L., TERIMINASOV,T-U.S. 57-6-32/36
The Effect of Extinction on X-Ray Interferenco Intensity in
Steel Investigation. (0 vliyanii ekstinktaii na intensivnost'
rentgenovokikh interferentsiy pri issledovanii stali, Russian)
Zhurnal Tekhn. Piz., 1957, Vol 27, Nr 6, PP 1379 - 1385
(U.S.S.R.)
ABSTRACT: The experimental results of the heat-treated steels 55C2 and
20 are given. Cylindrical samples with a diameter of 2 mm and a
length of 20 mm were hardened: 55C2 at 9000C in oil and steel 20
at 9300 C in water. One part of the samples was tempered for
one hour at 700 0 C, the other part was annealed for 4 hours
at 8500C. Cylinders with a diameter of 0,5 mn were obtained
from heat treated samples of both types of steel by means of
etching in a phosphor-chrome electrolyte. The samples were photo-
graphed in a RKD chamber with a diameter of 57,3 mm under Mo-
radiation. AGFA films were used. In order to eliminate the K 8
radiation from the spectrum and in order to decrease the intens-
ity of the through-going bottom an Nb-filter of a thickness of
0,1 mm was used. The absorption of the secondary characteristic
radiation was carried out by meano of an aluminum foil of a
thickness of 0,3 mm. The investigations showed that in con-
Card 1/2

57-6-32/36
The Effect of Extinction on X-Ray Interference Intensity in
Steel Investigation.
sequence of the different treatments in the case of Mo-radiation
the influence of extinction can be disregarded in those cases
in which the maximum measurements of the blocks-in the samples
developing coherence are not more than 1 + 2.10 4 cm. and where
those reflexes are investigated which correspond to an angle
of4~'~150- If soft rays are used (Co' Fe, Cr) a size of block
of the jo-4 order can be sufficient to cause a reniarkaLle de.
crease of the intensity of the interference lines of planes
with a great reflexion capacity even if the anUles are
i~ ~115 + 250- (With 2 illustrations, 2 tables, and 6 Slavic re-
ferences).
AS50CIATION; A.I.GERZENS, Leningrad PedaLrogic Institute, Faculty for General
Physics. (;eningradskiy Gos. pedago6icheskiy institut im.
A.Gertsena', Kafedra obshchey fiziki, Russian)
PRESENTED BY:
SUBMITTEDt 29.12-1956
AVAILABLEt Library of Congress
Card 2/2

AUTHORSt Gallperin, Ye-", Terminasov, lfu.S.. SOVI 6 3' -:5 8 -4 TI/
TITLE: On the Distortion of the Crystal Lattices of Thermally Treated
Steels (Ob i4skazheniyakh kristallicheskoy reshetki termicheski
obrabotannoy stali)
PERIODICAL; Naucbnyye doklady vysshey shkoly. Metal.lurgiya, 1958, Nr
pp 252 - 255 (USSR)
ABSTRACTs In the present investigation the influence of the temperature on
the tempered steel 95C2 (0,55 % C and 1,64 % Si) as well as on
the dimensions of the static: distorted lattices of the vIL-phase
was determined. The results showed that with the increase in tem-
perature the static distortion of the lattice of the o(rphase
does not become so intense, 0
In the annealing of hardened steel at 400 C. at which tempera-
ture the total amount of carbon is already driven off from the
-2
solid phase, the magnitude 41 kwas found to be greater than lu='T
S A
The dependence of ln j hki thermally treated on Zh 2 (k - NO)
(hk.1-7 i OL
Card 112 17000

On the Distortion of the Crystal Lattices of Thermally SOV/163-58-1-47/53
Treated Steels
was determined for thermally treated steel samples 55C2 and for
the steel No,20.
The greatest decrease in the magnitude of static distortion was
found within the temperature range of 300 - 700 0 C, at which
temperature an intense increase in the aj-phase occurs,
The values for Jr- 2- were cal,3ulated by the measuring of the in--
ru4t
tensity of the radiations ttl-lines [110] and [220] a~icozding
to the corrections introduned for the extinction of the line [I
There are 2 figures, 1 table, and '13 references, go of which are
Soy-iet.'
ASSOCIATIONs Leningradskiy Gosudarstvennyy pedagogicheskiy institut (Leningrad
State Pedagogic Institute)
SUBMITTED: October 1, 1957
Card 2/2

~- z ~II- :I;--. . , I..
GALIPERIN, Ye.L, inzh.-, TERMII&SOV. Yu.S., doictor fiz.-mat.nauk, prof.
___I_,__,%ftvgrmpbIc examination of plastic deformations of steel.
Trudy MEI no.23:68-79 '58. (MIRA 12:5)
(Steel--Testing)
(X rays--Industrial applications)
9
4?

GAMPERIE, Ye.L. [translatorl; UMOSKIY, Y--.S., red.; VARM-MV, Ye.A. ,
re(T-.,ELIK114D, L.M., red. izd-va; ATTOPOVICII, 14A,v telchn. red.
[Theory of phases in alloys; collection of articles on reports read
at a conferenco on the theory of phasoo in alloys. Translated from
the Rnglishl Teoriia faz v splavakh; sbornik a-tlatei po dokladem, pro-
chitannym na seminare po teorii faz v splavakh. Moskva, Gos.nauchno-
tekhn.izd-vo lit-ry po chernoi i tsvetnoi metanurgii, 1961. 353 P.
NIRA .14: U)
(Phase rule and equilibrium) (Alloys-Metallography)

22962
12 Ll 4b S/126/61/011/005/007/015
So SO (1167,31 14eli 112b) E193/El83
AUTHORS: Beletakiy, M.S., and Gallperin, Ye.L.
TITLE: The crystal structure of some phases in alloys of
magnesium with cerium and noodymium
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, Vol.119 No.5, 1961,
pp. 698-703 + I Plate
TEXTs The object of the present investigation was to
ascertain whether phases, present in alloys of magnesium with other
rare earth metals of the cerium sub-group, are also present in the
magnosium-noodymium system, and to determine the crystal structure
of the phases. The experiments wore conducted on magnesium-bass
alloys containing 2-45 wt.% Ce or Nd. All X-ray diffraction work
was done on polycrystalline (massive and powder) specimenB. The
following conclusions were reached.
1. The Mg-Nd alloys with up to 45% Nd consist of phases similar
to those present in alloys of Mg with other rare earth metals of
the cerium group, namely MgqNd and NSINd.
2. Depending on the Ce or Nd content in the alloy, th MgqCe and
MgqNd phases can exist as one of two modificationst and P1
Card 1/2

2z96,p
S/126/61/011/005/007/015
E193/E183
The crystal structure of some phases in alloys of magnesium with
cerium and neodymium
in the former, and p and x in the latter case. The x-phass
is also present in the Mg-Ce alloys containing more than 35% Ce
and quenched from 6oo OC.
3. The p-MggCe and p-MggNd phases appear to have an ordered
cubic structure with the lattice parameters of 14.604 and 14-578
respectively.
There are 4 figures, I table and 7 references: 2 Soviet and
5 non-Soviet. The English language references read an followag
Ref.l: M. Hansen, Constitution of binary'&Iloys. McCraw Hill Book
ComP. 1958.
Ref.2: G.V. Raynor. The physical metallurgy of magnesium and its
alloys, London, 1959.
ASSOCIATIONt Vaesoyuznyy nauchno-isaledovatellskiy alyuminiyevo-
magniyovyy inatitut g. Leningrad.
Card 2/2 (All-Union Aluminium-Magnesium Scientific Research
Institute in Leningrad.
SUBMITTED: july A, ig6o

; T :1 11 .1 : I ~ ! ! I I I ; I - .~=~- -
VYDREVIGH, Yo.Z., GALIFERIN, Ye.L.
I
Some equilibrivm phases in the system 0 .- A:LoO3 - CaO - SiO2
2
- H20. Zhur.prikl.khim. 34 no.9:1971-19 9 8 161. (MIRA 14-9)
(Systems (Chemistry))

b/070/U2/007/002/002/022
E-132/E160
AUT111URS: G and Sandlert R.A.
;a.llls~~illl YLe-L -
TITLE: On the crystal structure of TiCl 2
PER10DICAL. Kris tallo graf iya, v-7, no.2', 19b2, 21.7-219
TEXT : From X-ray pourder photographs the structure of' TiCl
has been confirned as being of the Cd12 type with a -- 3 .5() A
and c = 5.68 X (t 0.01 YL) and with the single parameter near to
0.25. There were differences between the photographs obtained
ation which were satisfactorily explained
with Cu and with Dlo radic
by differences between the textures of the material at the middle
and at the outside of the specimen which produced differences for
radiations of greater arid lesser penetrating power.
There are 2 tables.
ASSOClATION; Vsesoyuznyy alyuminiyevo-magniyevyy institut
(All-Union Institute for Aluminium and Magnesium)
S U BMA ITTE DInitially, July 1*11 , 1960, and
after revision, S(.ptember 11, 1961.
Card 1/1

GALIPERIN, Ye.L.; STROGALIN, Tu.V.
Polytetrafluoroethylene ;ingle crystals. Vy-sokom, so-~d- 5
no.10:1589 0 163. (MMA 17- 1)

cc nd
kt',-

ACCESSION NR: AP4012280 5/0070/64/009/0017D102/a03
AUTHORS: Gallperin, Ye. L.o Dubov, S. S.; Volkova., Yeo V.; Klenik, M. ?a
TITLE: The crystalline structure of poly;rifluochloroothyline
SOURCE: Kristallografiya, v. 9~ no. 1, 1964, 102-103
TOPIC TAGS: chloroethylene, crystal structure, x ray diffraction,, crystal
pulling, polyraer, camera RKV 66A.
ABSTRACT: The authors undertook thin work because of contradictions in the
literature 'on the cell dimensions and c1min configuration of this compound. They
obtained precisely oriented samples,of the polymer by pulling in glycerin,at
150-1600o The 5amples were then heated in their extended state for 10 hours.at
190-1950. X-ray patterns were obtained on cylindrical film in an RKV-86A camera.
The pictures are characterized by lines of the first and second levels and by an
absence of equatorial reflection 's. The lines of the second level correspond to
hexagonal packing., The value of the lattice constant was determined to b6.
a - 6.385 + 0,015 A. Along the axis of the crystal fiber, c - 42 + 0.2 L Sevea-
teen monoZr 1-wits are packed along thi,! line, indicating a crystal density of.
-Card 1/2

'ACCESSION NR. APLO12280
2.20 + 0.02 g/cm3, which is in good agre!ment with experimental density measure-
ments, The absence of equatorial reflec4ions and the presence of intense,, almost
point, reflections at lines of the first, second, and third layers indicates that
the first reflection should be referred ;o (101), not to (100) as has been done in
previous work. Orig. art. hasi 2 figur3s.
ASSOCIATION: none
SUBIMTED: O9Apr63 DATE ACQ: 19Feb64 ENGLs 00
SUB CODE i SS , cW NO R;F SOVs 003 orml OCS
Card 2/2

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bismuth tungstate. Neftekhimiia 5 no.1:111-117 -,a-F 165,
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F.OLCIIJN, I.K-~ BOBKOV, S.S.; L.Ya,
I
catalysts of ox.1dat'don find of
oxid.utiva ammonolysit; of propylene. Kin.1 kat,, 6 110-5.-87,04-
883 s-0 165. (NMIRA 18-.11)

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~.! ~. ~.,.
"Action of B. abortus," Zhu. Microbiol. & Immunobiol. 12: 294-300, 1934-

- . .)
it
"Cliemoflexion) ZentrIbl. f. Bakt. I Abt. Orig. 1-28:320-6, 1933
Chemotherapeut. Dept... C'iem.-Phax-maceut. Inst. Moscow.

E. P.
"Aeridine compounds as a source for remedise. V. The relation between anti"larial
effect and changing substituent3 in position 2 and 6 as weLU as the amine in the
eide chain." maghidavn,, (). J.,, Ih~orvvsky., Ae JI., and Galperj;Q, 1;~L-P. (p. 66)
SO: ro, -11 ~M4 M+~ &UM&l
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GAL'PERIN., Ye.R., redalctor; GODELEVICH, V.P.; YEVTYANOV, S.I., redaktor;
1-11, ~~;- , '~
KRISS, P.Zh.; MINk, S.L.; POPOV, I.A.; SHTEYN, B.B., redaktor;
VOLKOVA, T.V., redaktor; VEYNMUB, L.B., tekhnicheskiy redaktor.
[Problems on radiobroadcasting installations] Zadachnik po radio-
peredatushchim ustroistvam. Pod red. S.I.Irtianova i E.R.Gallperina.
Moskya, Goo. izd-vo lit-ry po vaprosam eviazi i radio, 1951. 175 P.
[Microfilm] (MIaL 7:12)
(Radio-Problems. exercises, etc.)

(- "I-il I- I -
'T L I IJ , I - ' %
YEVTYAKOV, S. 1. and Ye. R. GALPERIN
Exercise Book for Formulae Used in the Construction of Radio Transmitters, State
Publishing House on Questions Pertaining to Communications and Radio, Moscov,
1951.
Book-CS-G-EG-1205

1,RRIAYEV, N.A., inzhener.-kontr-admixal; SNIHNOV, I.I. , kontr-admiral;
GALIPERIN, Ye.s., kapital 1 ranga
Don't distort the tMth ("Elusive monitor' by I.Vsevolozhakii.
Reviewed by N.A,.Munaev, I.I.Smirnov, E.S.Gallperin). Mor.sbor
44 no.3:89-96 M-,-~61, I ' (MIRA 14:4i
(Black Sea region-World War, 1939-1945~-Naval operations)
(V~qvolozhskii, I.)

GALIPERRI, Yu-.,p prepodavatell
Combined study of kinematics'. Prof.-tekh.obr. 18 no.6:19 je 161.
(MnA 14:7)
1. Zheleznodorozhnoye uchilishche No.,4,, Moskva.
(Kinemotics-Study and teaching)

--G~IP992L,-Yu.; KNELINITSKAYA, L., red.
D-11iracles are created by po,-ple; guide]Chudesa tvoriat liudi;
putevoditell. Moskvap TSintiolektroprom, 1962 78 p.
iMIRA 15:8)
(Moscow--Exhib:Ltions) (Technological innovations)

GALIFERIN, Yu., prepodavatall
Solving the triangles and electrical engineering problems. Prof.-
tekh.obr. 20 no.10:13-14 0 163. (MIRA 16:12)
1. Professionallno-.tekhnicheskoye uchilishche No.60, Moskva.

-GALIPERIN, Yu., prepodavatel;
Meeting with an author. Prof.-tekh. obr. 21 no.9:32 S 164.
(IMIA 17: 11)
1. Professionallno-tekhniclieskoye uchilishche No.60 g. Moskvy.

GALITIERIN, Yu., prepodavatell
Short test papers on mathematics. Prof.-tekh.obr. 22
no.8:18 Ag 165. (I-IIIHA 18:12)
1. Professionallno-teklinicheskoye uch-ilishche No.60,
Moskva.

GALIPERIN, Yu.B., podpolkovnik med. sluzhby, GLUZMAK, I.S., mayor med.slushby
Case of prolonged retention of a contrast medium in the nasolacrimal
canal. Oft.zhur. 13 n0-5006-307 158 (MIRA 11:10)
1. Iz Laringo-oto-rino kafedry im. prof. V.I. Voyacheka i kafedry
oftallmologii (nach. - prof. B.L. Polyak) Voyenno-meditsinakoy ordena
Lenina akademii im. S.M. Kirova.
(LACRIMAL ORGANS--RADIOGRAPHY)

GALIPXRIN. Yii.B.; BONDARNKO, L.P.; KVITASII, V.A., kand. med, nauk.
-'I - ~&
Otogenous abscess of the te=oral lobe with at"ical clinical course.
Vest.otorin. 21 no.2:90-91 Mr-Ap 'J9. MRL 12.,4)
1. Iz Solnechnogorakoy gorodskoy bollaitsy (Moskovokava oblast').
(TIMPORAL WBI, abscess,
otogenous, atypical case (Rua))

KDIWIM7, M.F., polkovnik meditainakoy sluzhby-, BOKSIRTEYN, M.Ye., podpolkovnik
meditainskoy oluzhb7, kand.med.nauk; GALIPIRIII, Ya.B., podpolkoynik
meditsinako.v aluzhby-
Some problems in the differential diagnosis of chronic highmoritis.
Voen.-med.zhur. no.12:54-57 159. (miRk 1411)
(SINUSITIS)

KOZHEVNIKOV9 P.A.; GALIPEdUN# Yu.B.
Case of emphysema of the eyelids of rhinogencua origin. Zhur.
ush.j non. i gorl. bol, 20 no. 3:66 M*Je 160. (Milk 14:4)
1. Iz Okruzhnogo voyennogo gospitalya.
(EYELIDS-DISEASES) (EMPHYSEMA)

GAL I PERIN )N.,B. (g.Solnechnogorsk, Mookovskoy oblasti); KUDRINA, A.Ye.
-1 U.Soine'chnogorsk, Moskovskoy oblasti)
Emphysema of the neck following tonsillectomy. Zhur. ush., nos. i
gorl.bol. 22 no.1:92 JA-F '62. (MIRA 15-5)
(TONS113-SURGEU) (NECK-DISEASES)
(EI-THYSEMA)

FISHZON-RYSS Yu.I., I-and.med. nauk, (Moaknra); GAL
.7 --'r, - ~- fl, , , t.
Interrelations between chronic tonsil2itia and chronic gastritis.
Vest. otorin. no4l:74;.-74 f63. (MIRA 16:9)
(TONSIIS-DISEASES) (STOMACH-RIPLARIATIOU)

FISHZON-RYSS, Yu,I., kalid. med. nauk (Mbskovskaya oblast); ~Qal= ,:rU. B.
(Mbskovskaya oblast'); SHIPIK, 11.1. (Moskovska-ya oblast').
State of the stomach in chronicn tonsillitis. Zhur ush*, nos*
i gorl. bol. 23 no-5:34-38 S-0163 WRA 17:3)

BAYKOV, S.D.; GALIPERIN, Yn.F.; IOFFE, A.F.; SHLOKOV, G.N.
Ferrites with rectangular hysteresis loops for electronic-physical
apparatus. Mnogokan. izm. sist. v iad. fiz. no.5:15&-164 163.
(MIRA 16:12)

GALIPHRINI YU.T., prepodavatell.
Mastering technical terms in work classes. Pblitekh. obuch. no.l:
81 Ja 158. (MIRA. 10:12)
1. Shkola No.589. Moskva.
(Technology--Terminology)

51-6-23/25
AUTHOR: Gallperin, Yu. I.
TITLE: Remarks on the Paper of V. V. Shuleykin and P. F.
Shakurov "The Sodium Line in the Absorption Spectrum
of Air Above the Sea". (Po povodu stat'i V. V.
Shuleykina i P. F. Shakurova. "Liniya natriva v
spektre pogloshcheniya vozdllkha nad morem".)
PERIODICAL: Optika i Spektroskopiya, 1957, Vol. III, Nr. 6,
p.6?2. (USSR)
ABSTRACT: A letter. The present author criticizes the above
paper of V. V. Shuleykin and P. F. Sliakurov (Ref.1).
Shuleykin and Shakurov photographed an emission
spectrum of an incandescent lamp after passage through
10 ka of air about 50 m above the sea surface. The
beam from the lamp was not parallel and vias not
focused on the spectrograph slit. The D--doublet of
Na was not resolved and it is hardly noticeable in
Fig.1 of Ref.l. Shuleykin and Shakarov's paper does
not give the essential experimental details such as
the type of the spectrograph used, its resolving power,
dispersion, parameters of the camera, etc. Their
Card 1/2 calculation of line intensity and derivation of the

51-6-23/25
Remarks on the Paper of V. V. Shuleykin and P. F. Shakurov
"The Sodium Idne in,the Absorption Spectrum of Air Above the Sea".
atomic absorption coefficient are both erroneous.
The present author points out also that the purported
estimate of the number of excited Na atoms can only
apply to non-excited atoms in their ground state.
There is 1 Russian reference.
ASSOCIATION: Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Academy of Sciences
of the USSR. (Institut fiziki atmosfery, AN SSSR.)
SUMMED:- July 22, 1957.
AVAIIABIB: Library of Congress.
Card 2/2

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GAL I PERIN, TiTty. .- . - . - ~ .. - -
-
. I -~-
"kurora borealis; notes of ajpurnalist" by IUrii Gallperin. Geog.
shkole 20 no.3:-79 NY-Je 157. (KUtA 10tO
(Auroras)

AUTHOR: Gallperin, Yu. I.
TITLE: Observations of hydrogen emi5zion in aurora. (Nabl3rudeniya
izlucheniya vodoroda v polyarnykh siyaaiyaV-h).
4,PERIODICAL: Astr'onomicheskii Zhurnal, 1957, Vol.34, No.l$ PP-131-134 (USSR)
Vegard (1) and Gartlein (2) have detected broadening
of lines of the Balmer series of hydrogen in aurora. Spectro-
grams taken by them (and also by Meinel (3) ) at the magnetic
zenith and the magnetic horizon have shown that protons move
down the Earth's magnetic lines of force with velocities of
the order of 1000 km/sec.
The present work was carried out at the Northern Station
of the Institute of Physics of the Atmosphere at Loparskoi
((P = 680381 and X = 2h 13M.3). The a paratus was similar to
that described in ref.(5). The speNrograph SP-48 GOI had the
following characteristics:
Illumination - 1 : 0.8
Dispersion - 83.5 i/mm at
Resolving limit: 2 1 (Panchrom X)
17 spectrograms were obtained for H of which two were
taken at the cc
magnetP horizon and the remainder at the magnetic
zenith (strictly, 8 north of the zenith).
. Table 1,gives the K-index of magnetic disturbances during
the experiments averaged over all the observatories in the
U.S. S.R. The t-index did not exceed 5.

Observations of hydrogen emission in aurora. (Cont.)
Fig.1 shows spectrograms Nos.14, 15, 16 (magnification x2l-
microphotometer slit width .65 mmi resolving limit 3 1 approx.5
The fourth spectrogram in Fig.1 is the background without the
H.. For comparison, the spectrograms of Meinel and Gartlein
are showu in Fig.2. The resolving limits in the latter cases
were 7 X and 15 1 respectively.
Fig.3 shows the contours of H for t-a three best spectro-
grams taken at the zenith. These &ntours enable one to
determine the velocities vA I vB t VC t and v D which
correspond to the following points on the contours: A - axi
observed velocity of recession from the observer ("red shift");
B -.maximum blackening; C - blackening corresponding to 0.1 of
maxim=; D - maximum observed velocity of approach towards the
observer ("blue shift"). These velocities were found to be:
No VA VB vC v D km/sec
14 + 250 - 300 - 1700 - 1850
15 + 350 - 350 - 1700 - 1950
16 + 300 - 400 - 1950 - 2050
The errors are:- + 100 km/sec in vB and + 200 km/sec for the
other velocities. The most reliable of these is v C,

Observations of hydrogen emission in aurora (Cont.).
The results for the two spectrograms taken at the magnetic
horizon weRe less reliable. Their half-widths (H ) were
14 and 17 A respectively. This corresponds to spieds of + 300
and + 400 km/sec. Taking into account the.instr~mental cintour
these- values reduce to + 250 ai2d + 300 kn/sec- Four figures,
two tables. 9 references, 4 of ~;hich are Russian.
Physics of the Atmosphere Institute
Ac.Sc. USSR. Reed. Aug,11, 1956-

GAL'PERIDT, Yu. I.; Master Phys-Math Sci (diss) -- "Hydrogen emiu~iion In the
spectra of polor radiations". Moscow, 1958. 9 pp, (Acad Sei USSR, Inst of the
Physics of the Atmosphere), 1.30 coDies (n, No 1, 1959, 113)

AUTHOR-. -8/27
Uallperin, 33-35-3
TITLEs Hydrogen Line Profiles in the Auroral Spectra (0 profilyakh
vodOX3dnykl,-i linly v spektre polyarnykh siyaniy)
PERIODICAL3 Astronomicheskiy zhurnal, 1958, Vol 35,11r 3, pp 382-380z (USSR)
ABSTRACTs The authcr analyzes older and modern results on the profiles
of the H-lines.in tho auroral spectrum. His own results and
those of Krasovskiy LRef 12,13] on the H.C - lines are parti-
I
el~larly considered (on these results it was already reported
at ~
,e Geodetic .. Geophysical Meeting in Toronto in 1957)-
From these results which were obtained, however, in Lopars-
kaya with the high degree of latitude -f = 640 , the author
concludes the penetration of a considerable number of protons
with initial velocities of 1000 - 2000 km/sec. It in assumed
that such particles cause the luminescence of atWor'as in high
altitudes.
There are 'I table, 6 figures, and 23 referc-nees, 6 of which
n.rr- Soviet., 11 American, 3 Norwegian, I French, and 2 English.
ASSOCIATIONs Institat fiziki stmosfery Akademii nauk SSSR (Institute for
Atmospheric Physics of the Academy of Sciences, of the USSR)

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GALPi--1HIj.T, 'I-U. 1.
ON THE 1-iATURE OF IMID CORPUSCLES IN T;'P, UPFER
I.S. Shklovsky, V.I. Krasovsky, Yu.I. Galmrin, Svetiltitky, Ye. M.
1. Investigations conducted by Soviet and American artificial earth
satellites have led to the detection of a region of intensiva corpuscular
radiation commencing at an altitude of several hun3reds of kilometres and con-
sisting of two 11'relts".
2. An analysis of the spatial distribution of these b4~lts permits
Irawing certain cenclus."ons concerning the mechanisms of ge-naratien and
"esoape" of hard corpuscles.
3. An analysis is given on the relationship between aurorae and streams
oil solar corpuscles, on the one hand, and the energy spectrum and concentration
of hard corpuscles in the outer "belt", on the other.
4. Calculations are made on the generation of hard corouscles in the
inner "belt" on the basis of the mechanism of decay of albedo neutrons.
5. There is given an analysis of other Dossibilities of' --eneration of
hard corpuscles in the u r atmosphere. Investigations of High-gneriW Heavy
Ppe
Nuclei in 'the Prii-ilary Cosmnic Radiation Clo----a to the G-.!,-nagnt~tic Equator
(Guan, 14arianas Islanisl D. Haskin, P. L Jain, E. Lohrmann, Marcel Schein
and I.I. Teucher.
In a large stack of nuclear emulsion exposed to the cusiiic radiation at
1OZ,000 feet near the geomagnetic equator, 540 tracks QIC high-energy heavy
nuclei were loc-ted in a systematic scan and followed along the track.
Report presented at the International Cosm4-c Ray Confe.rence, Hoscow, 6-11 July 1959

sov/49-99-8-7/27
AUTHORS: Krasovskiy, V. I~, Shklovskiy, I. S., Gall-rarin. Yu.1.
and Svet11T8-R-1Y,-::Xe. M.
TITLE: Detection of Electrons in the Upper Atmosphere with
Energies of About 10 keV on the Third Satellite,l-
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR, Seriya geofizictieskaya,
1959, Nr 8, pp 1157-1163 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: An account is g~yen of the results of measurements of
electron streaIns iwith energies of 10 to 40 keV. The
measurements were carried out by means of two fluorescent
screens covered with thin pieces of absorbing aluminium
foil placed on the satellite, Their radiation was recorded
by photoelectron. =- tltipiier. It was found that the streato
intensity decreased sharply with a decrease of energy.
The stream of energy at high latitudas during the night
was observed several tens of ergs/cm sec.str. Fig I
gives an examples of the relationship of the intensity of
a stream of electrons and its equivalent energy a
measured on May 15, 1958 at -42 to -54* magnetic latitu
Card 1/2 in the region 1720-1880 km high over the South Pacific.

sov/49-59-8-7/27
Detection of Electrons j.n the Upper Atmosphere with Energies of
About 10 keV on the Third Satellite
The concentric circles represent repeated values.
There are I figure and 26 references, 9 of which are
Soviet and 17 English.
ASSOCIATION: Akademiya nauk SSSR Institut fiziki atmosfery
(Institute of physics of the Atmosphere, Ac.Sc., Uss~/
SUBMITED: April 3, 1959
Card 2/2

11: 11 ~, L~
SIO'k 9/5 9/000/12/0019/027
13. 9000 E032/E-591
AUTHOR: Shklovskiy, I.S., Krasovskiy, I. and Yu.I. Gallperin
- -- - ---t ~,, -,
TITLE: On the Nature of Corpuscular Radiation in the Upper
Atmosphere
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR, Seriya geofizicheskaya,
1959, Nr 12, pp 1799-1806
ABSTRACT: Soviet and American investigations carried out with the
aid of artificial Earth satellites have led to the
discovery of an intense belt of corpuscular radiation
which begins at an altitude of 400-600 km (Refs 1-4).
Recent results obtained with the aid of cosmic rockets
have given the spatial distribution of the intensity
of the hard corpuscular radiation surrounding the
Earth (Refs 5 and 6). It transpired that there are
two belts of corpuscular radiation. The first belt
(the inner belt) forms an equatorial ring bounded
(approximately) by the geomagnetic latitudes + 400~
According to Ref 6, the width of this belt is somewhat
smaller. The belt has a concentration maximum at an
altitude of about 3000 kiii(above the geomagnetic equator).
Cardl/6 The second (outer) belt extends up to 6-8 terrestrial
radii and its concentration maximum is at a disr-ance of
~,k~

235
S/O 119/59/000/12/009/027
E0~2/E591
On the Nature of Corpuscular Radiation in the tipper Atmosphere
3-5-4 terrestrial radii. In order to explain the
origin of the belt of fast charged particles surrounding
the Earth, a number of authors have put fori-iard the
neutron decay hypothesis (Refs 7-9), This is the
so-called trapped albedo theory of the radiation belt.
However, an analysis of the spatial distribution of
the particles in the two belts excludes, in the opinion
of the present authors, the albedo theory. In fact,
the presence of an equatorial belt means that the
particles fcrming this belt "avoid", moderate and high
geomagnetic latitudes. Apparently thits is a result
IV
of the fact thatXqeoizjagnetic disturbances and nolar
~Vauro.ras at higher latitudes remove particles f~oin the
inner belt and prevent their accumulation,, This means
that the equatorial belt is supplied with particles
only from belaw, i.e. from the lower layers of tile
terrestrial atmesphere. On tile other hand, tile
spatial distribution of particles in the outer belt
clearly indicates an extra-terrestrial Source. Again,
the particles in the outer belt, oncc they appear in
Card2/6 the magnetic trap at the distance of 3.5-4 terrestrial

682-,
.;I
SIO'J 9/` 9/000/12/009/027
E03 2/F,5 91
On the Nature of Corpluscular Radiation in the Upper Atmosphere
radii, will accumulate in this region over a longer
interval of tirue than at the distance of 5-6 terrestrial
radii since the frequency and amplitude of Seomagnetic
disturbances at latitudes of ~50-00* are greater by a
factor of several tens than in the zone of maximum
repeatibility of polar auroras, This explains the
observed position of the maxinium in tlie outer belt.
The difference in the origin of the particles in the
two belts leads also to a difference in their energies.
Thus, an analysis of the spatial distribution of the
particles in the two radiatiqn belts lead.-i to the
conclusion that the main reason for the escape of
particles in the outer (and apparently also in the
inner) zone are geomagnetic disturbances and the
associated auroras~ Of course in the case of the inner
bell: the relevarit xuroras are the low-latitude auroras
which are relatively rare. During geoinagz)etic
disturbances, the nor-mal field at liigh altitudes is
disturbed and the particles confined in the trap can
Card3/6 escape both into the inter-planetary space and qll"*,

68"35
S/049/59/000/12/009/0-27
if Corposctilar E032/E591
-ri L-o
rit--a-,zru!~ -i,i'uo the norc. clense layrt;,- i)~
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1-3
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Card4/6 i: a :I il ri, 1;

S/049/59/OCO/12/009/0-'~7

( -' 35
S/Olk 9/ 5 9/oOO/ 12/ 009/027
E052/E591
On the Nature of Corpuscular Radiation it, the Upper
charged particles as a rosidt of the interackior, of
cosmic rays with the atmosphere, leading -to the formation
of neutrons (ot;if--r than those formed in stars). Meson
decays are also a sourco of unstable neiitrnl particles.
Another morn powerful source are nuclear explosions.
There are thus two sources for the inner belt, the
first of which is the trapped cosmic ray albedo which
can supply approximately 2 x 1022 - 2 X 1023 electrons
with energy up to 780 keV and 10 20 -1021 protons with
energy up to 30 MeV during a time interval of 106 -
107 sec. The second source is the nuclear explosion
source, which at times can considerably increase the
intensity of the hard corpuscular radiation in the
equatorial belt. It is pointed out that it would be
very desirable to have further data on the identification
and the energy spectrum in the equatorial belt.
There are 1 table and 23 references, 11 of which are
Soviet, 11 English and 1 French.
ASSOCIATION: Ak-ademiya nauk SSSR Institut fiziki Atmosfery
Card6/6 (Ac.Sc., USSR, Institute of Physics of the Atmosphere)
SUBMITTED: April 22, 1959

30)
AUTHORS: Bagaryatskiy,B.A., and Gallperin,Yu.I. SOV/33-36-1-28/31
TITLEt On Hydrogen Line Profiles in tho Spectra of Aurorae
PERIODICAL: Astronomiohesiciy zhurnalp 1959,Vol 36,11r 1,pp 192-193 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: In the present short note the authors compare their theoretical
calculations with the averaged hydrogen emission profile
observed in aurorae *
There are 7 references, 3 of which are Soviet, and 4 American.
ASSOCIATION:Institut fizilti atmosfery Akademii nauk SSSR (Institute of
Atmospheric Physics of the AS USSR)
SUBMITTED: September 12, 1958
Card 1/1

3 (7 ), 29 (2), 29 (5)
AUTHORS: Krasovskiy, V. I., Shklovskiy, I. S., SOV/20-12~1-1-20/065
Gallperin, Yu. I., Svetlitskiy, Ye. M.
TITLE. The Discovery in the Upper Atmosphere by Mearis of the Third
Sputnik of Electrons Having an Energy of About 10 kev
(Obnaruzheniye v verkhney atmosfere s pomoshchlyu tret;yego
sputnika elektronov s energiyey okolo 10 kev)
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959, Vol 127, Nr 1, Pp 78 - 81
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: In the third Soviet sputnik (which was launched on May 15, 1958)
an experiment concerning the direct -discovery of electrons of
not very high energy was carried out in the upper atr-ospheTe
(Refs 1,20). It is characteristic of this experiment that
practically only electrons of some dozens of kev were recorded.
The indicators used did not react to the X-ray radiation Eene-
rated by these electrons in the atmosphere and in the shell of
the sputnik. Therefore, thin fluorescence screens (ZnS, acti-
vated Ag) with 2 mg matter per 1 CM2 were used. As the author2
used aluminum foils of various thicknesses as absorbers, it was
possible, besides the intensity of fluxes of electrons of not
Card 113 particularly high energies, to evaluate also the "equivalent"

The Discovery in the Upper Atmosphere by Means of the 30T/20-127-1-20/6-,,
Third Sputnik of Electrons Having an Energy of About
10 kev
energy of the electrons. The limiting diaphragms fitted before
the indicators warranted the recording of corpuscles within a
solid angle of 1/4 steradian. The radiotelemetric 'material de.-
termined furnished several results of great geophysical inter-,
eat: Electrons ofvIO kev were detected in altitudes of from
470 to 1880 km above sea level. The lowest intensity was found
over the geomagnetic equator in an altitude of~1300 km above
sea level. At the "equivalent" energy of -20 kev its minimum
amperage was estimated at 10-14a. am- 2 steradian- 1. In medium
and polar latitudes (up to 600 geomagnetic latitude) an amper-
age of 5-16"la. cm-2 steradian-1 and sometimes also of more
than 10-10 a.cm-2 steradian-1 is usual for electrons with an
equivalent energy of 12 kev by night. With the construction of
the measuring apparatus, such high intensities were not expect-
ed. Therefore, the intensities exceeded the apparatus scaleg
and the intensity and "equivalent" energy of the electrons re-'
Card 2/3 corded could not be evaluated. A diagram shows the dependence

The Discovery in the Upper Atmosphere by Means of the SOV/20-127-1-20/6--
Third Sputnik of Electrons Having an Energy of About
10 kev
of the electron fluxes on their "equivalent" energy within the
range of from -42 to -540 geomaGnetic latitude in altitude's of
from 1720 to 1880 km in the night of May 15, 1958 above the
southern part of the Pacific. When the sputnik rotated round
its two axes, the intensity of the electron fluxes changed son-
siderably. The electron fluxes are probably the cause of 'the
heating and expansion of the upper atmosphere (which was de-
duced from the slowing-down of the sputnik). There are 1 fig-
ure and 17 references, 9 of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Institut fiziki atmoafery Akademii nauk SSSR (Institute for the
Physics of the Atmosphere of the Academy of Sciences, USSR)
PRESENTED: April 14, 1959, by A. I. Berg, Academician
SUBMITTED: April 14, 1959
Card 3/3

8-, -,"9
0 0 -9/004/40/000/0_3/c, 5/W5
Q
AbMOR: Gal'perin, Yu.I., Candidate of Physico-Mathematical Sciences
TITTLE F "Hot" Electrons in the Earth. Atmosph--c-re
PERIODIC.-AL. Znaniye-Sila, 1960, No. 3, pp. 36 - -37
TEXT? The author describes the res--Arch o&rrled out by Frofessor
Kra-ovsk~yi to eztabliah the origin of thJ6... . of the earth. Based on
Pr fessor Krasovskiy and his ass1stants concluded that UAe ele-c"ro-
magne-tic corona of the earth Is caused by sm corpuse-alis ",caught" in the Magnetic
f~ieid of the es-r-th.
Card 1/1

T,7/49 CP
25990
3/560/61/000/006/008/010
9032/E314
AUTHORS: Krasovskiy, ViI., Shklovskiy, I,,S., Gallperin, Yu.I.,
Svetlitskiy, Y96M., Kushnir, Yu.M. &Mi
Bordovskiy, G.A.
TITM Discovery of Approximately 10 ksV Electrons in the
Upper Atmosphere
PERIODICAL: Akademiya SSSR. Iskusstyenyyo sputniki Zemli.
No. 6. Moscowj 19619 PP- 113 - 126
TEXT: Prior to experiments carried out with the aid of
artificial Earth satellites, it was assumed that the natural
glow, heating,aud ionization of the upper atmosphere was largely
due to hard,alectromagnotic radiation of solar origin. It was
considered that corpuscular radiation (protons, a-particles and
electrons) could only penetrate the atmosphere in the polar
regions and thereby give rise to geoma:xnetic disturbances and
auroraeo It was found that aurorae were frequently initiated
by protons with a considerable velocity spread. However, in
many cases, hydrogen-emission was not observed and the appearance
of aurorae was provisionally associated with electrons having
Card 1/7

25990
S/560/61/000/006/008/010
Discovery of .... Z032/Z314
energies up to a few hundreds or thousands,of eV. An,attempt
was then made by Krasovskiy et al (Ref- 3 - UFN, 64, 425, 1958)
to detect these electrons from the third Soviet artificial
Earth satellite. The apparatus employed consisted of two very
thin phosphors covered by aluminium. foils. The scintillations
were recorded by photomultipliers and the amplified photo-
multiplier signal was stored and later telemetered to Earth,
Owing to the presence of the aluminium foils (which were of
differing thicknesses) it was possible to estimate both the
intensity and the energy of the electrons which were most
effective in exciting the phosphors. A particular feature of
this apparatus was that It was sensitivIe only to electrons and
did not respond to protons and photons of comparable energy.
T he apparatus indicated the presence of large electron currents
at altitudes up to 900 km in the region of the southern part of
the Pacific Ocean, the energy of these electrons being of the
order of 10 keV. These currents were often so large that the
apparatus gave off-scale readings since such high currents were
not expected. In the case of theme off-sc&le readings the energy
Card 2/7

25990
S/56o/6i/uoo/oo6/oo8/oio
Discovery of .... E032/E314
flux exceeded 100 erg cm -2 see -1 at altitudes up to 1 900 km
from the Earth's surface. Fig. 2 shows the calibration curves
for the two detectors employed in this experlmento The dashed
lines correspond to aluminium foil of 0.8 x 10-3 S/CM2 and the
continuous lines correspond to aluminium foil of
0.4 X 10-3 g/cm 2.. The numbers on these lines indictite the
energy of the electrons in keV. These calibration curves
were obtained in laboratory experiments using parallel beams
of mono-energetic electrons. The current density of monochromatic
electrons (A/cm2) in plotted along the vertical axis and the
telemstric channel number, which in proportional to the
logarithm of the photomultlplier current, along
the horizontal axis. Fig- 3 shown the difference AK between
the logarithmic-scale divisions of the two detectors as a
function of the energy of the electrons used in the calibration.
The ratio of the photo-currents of the two detectors depends
on the energy of the electrons or, more precisely, on the form
of the energy spectrum. This relation was determined in
Card 3/7

25990
S/560/61/000/006/008/010
Discovery of E032/E314
preliminary laboratory experiments with mono-energetic electrons.
The form of the energy spectrum recorded by the satellite Is
unknown and comparison of the readings produced by the two
detectors can only be used to est:imate an equivalent energy.
This equivalent energy E equiv is defined as the energy of a
monochromatic beam which given the same photo-current ratio for
the two detectors as the observed value, Proceeding along
these lines one can also define &n equivalent current and an
e4uivalent energy flux. It can easily be shown that these
equivalent quantities give, In fact, the lower limits of the
measured quantities. Consideration of the telemetric records,
a number of which are reproduced in the present paper, showed
that the most frequently recorded energies occurred in the
neighbourhood of 14 keV. Since the sensitivIty of the
apparatus is considerably higher for high-energy electrons, It
follows that in the case of non-monochromatic electrons the
maximum flux corresponds to an eneigy Wow 14 keV. This
maximum can be determined if some energy-distribution function
Card 4/7