JPRS ID: 8721 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

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• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000100100030-6
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19 OCTOBER 1979 FOUO N0. 652 1 OF 1
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JPRS L/8721 _
19 October 1979
S~b-Saharc~n Africa Re orfi -
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FOUO No. 652 -
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JPRS L/8721
19 October 1979 -
- SUB-SAIIARAN AFRICA REPORT
FOUO No. 652 .
. CONTENTS PAGE -
ANGOLA
. -
- -i -
Cormnentary on Neto's Unfinished Busine~s, Fossible
Successors �
~ (Francois Soudan; JEUNE.AFRIQUE, 19 Sep 79) 1
Briefs ~ . . -
_ MPLC Reported Activities 5
Yugoslav Agricultural Cooperation 5
BOTSWANA
Brief s
Revaluation of Currency 6 .
_ CENTR,AI, AFRICAN REPUBI,IC "
Bokassa's Son Denies Belonging to Qpposition
(JEUNE AFRIQUE, 12 SAp 79) 7 -
French Minister at Imperial Court Defends Bokassa
(JEUNE AFRIQUE, 12 Sep i9) 8
Brief s
~ Bangui Accused of Collusion With Bokassa 14 -
EQUATORIAL GUINEA _
Preparations Being Made for Trial of Masie
(CAM~3I0 16, 2 Sep 79) 15
Reconstruction of Nation Said To Be Difficult
(CA1~I0 16, 16-22 Sep 79) e 18
Nationts Resources of Considera~le Snter"'est to Spain
(CAMBIO 16, 16-22 Sep 79) 21 -
� - a - [III - NE & A - 120 FOUO]
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CONTENTS (Continued) Page ~
Brief s
EEC Ilnergency Aid , . 25 `
Economic Experts' Aid Saught 2~ -
KENYA -
- Brief s
Geoth ermal Power Station 26 -
LIBERIA .
Magazine Co~rnnents on New Yugoslav Tankers Ordered
(MARCHES TROPICAU% ET MEDImERRANEENS, 31 Aug 79) 27
~ NIGER ~
Sugar Complex To Begin Operating in October
_ (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERR,~~NEEN:~, 2!~ Aug 79) 28
- Briefs "
_ F`irst Cuban Ambassador 3~
New Cu~toms Complex ~ i 30
SENEGAI~ , ,
_ , r.
Brief s
' Islami.c Liberation Group 31 _
SIERRA I.EONE -
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Brief s -
Turkish Economic Cooperation Agreement 32 _
TANZANIA
President Urges Austerity Measure',
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 21~ Aug 79) ;33 ~
Return of E~.les From Kagers
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEflITERRANEENS, 2!~ Aug 7~) 34
;
, Brief s ~
3wEdish Aid to Tanzania ' ~ ~ 35 _
-b- ~
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~ ' ANGOLA
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COMN~I~I'ARY ON NETO'S UNFIDTISHED BUSINESS, POSSIBI~~ SUCCESSORS
Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in ~ench 1g Sep 79 PP 32 - 3~
~
~ [Article by ~ancois Soudan: "Neto's Legacy"]
~ [Text] "Patrice Lumumba." is on~y be~;i.nning to believP it. Tuesday, _
11 September at noon, when the radio`announced Agostinho Neto's death~ the =
~ in2~abitants of the most populous slum in Luanda remained siTent, showing no
~ xeaction. In "Rangel~" in "Sambizanga," in all the hovels of the ring of -
~ slums which surrounds one of the most.beautiful ba.ys in Africa, a kind of
cold fever gripped the colorful, noisy crowd.
~
; ~Luanda, the red, the lush, froze in mourning. However~ the man who a.t 57 had -
just diad in a Mosco~ hospital bed,.victim of cancer which had been carefully
hidden, axoused neither passion nor an outburst of hatred. Austere, hard as
i steel with a soft-spoken ma,nner, an inscrutable chief with the eloquence of -
~ a pedant, this former doctor did not like the crowd very much. But Luanda -
~ was his city, the fortress of his friendships--he was born several dozen -
kilometers from there~ in Kimbundu country. It was the only place~ too,
where he could be sure at all times he would not be challenged.
I -
Neto shou~.d not have died,now; no one ~rill contradict us on this. There is
much work to be done in the Angola he leaves behind. It is almost a rough
- dra.ft. A patchwork of tensions and factions which his presence alone kept
within bearable limits. The president-poet seemed, for the past two years,
i to have started a race to fill in some of the breaches, correct some of the
mistakes made in 197~ - 1976,~the two crucial years of independence and the
civil wax.
, He was "open" to the West, to loosen a Soviet yoke that he felt was too
tight, sending a number of emissaxies and increasing the trade missions to
' -
' Euxc~pe and Brazil. On several occasions, he privately expressed his dis-
~ satisf.action with the s~me 20,000 Cubans in the country. In his opinion, -
they wzre n;~t very effec.tive in reviving the economy and in struggling against
~ the UNITA [Natior~al Union for the Total.Independence of Angola] guerrillas.
He also criticized them_for exercising a privilege of systematic control
each time an important decision had to be ma.de. Neto was even obliged in -
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- Decemher 197$ to dismiss five ministers, amon~ them the head of government, -
_ ~ T~opo d~ Nascimento, accused apparently of acting as veritable proxies on ~
Castro's behalf.
Regionally, he succ~eded in re-establishing almost normal relations with _
Zaire, after allowing his country to serve twice as the departure point for .
the "Katangan soldiers" of Nathana.el M'Bumba. Domestically, finally~ timid
attempts at rapprochement were made with the Cabindan secessionists of
FLEC [Front for the Liberation of the Cabinda Enclave], some LTNITA military
leaders and some exiled dissid~nts of the "Revolt of the East~' graup, headed
_ by Daniel Chipenda. ,
Neto certainly died too soon. None of these "patchingr' efforts has been _
completed. All the internal and external difficulties, all the ideological
and racial conflicts, latent or obvious, are still very current issues.
Moreover, the economy is still in shambles. Only the petroleum sector has
achieved--and no doubt this yeax will surpass--its pre-independence pro-
duction level. Diamond and coffee production axe hopelessly stagnant. The
Benguela railroa.c3., the vital artery of the south, has been paralyzed by
~ UP]ITA sabotage, despite periodic announcements of its reopening. It seems
evident that as long as Namibia is not fully independent, Jonas Savimbi's
UNITA, supported at arm's length by South Africa, and which is still firmly
supported by the Ovimbundu and Chokwe of the center and the south, will =
always be a threat.
- Who th~n can take over the enormous task which is Agostinho Neto's legacy?
Above all~ it is a matter of consensus. No one, even during the tumultuous
hdurs of the abortive coup of Nito Alves, the minist,er of the interior and -
= partisan of radical, anti-mulat�~o "bla.ak power" had dared to question the
harsh authority of the late president. .But no one, after him, seems to bene-
fit from the same unanimity.
~
Lucio Lara, the number two man after the forced resignation of Lo~o do
Nascimento and who~ in this capacity, tempor~.rily succeeds Neto, has the
advantage of having been the president's confidant for a long time. However,
this somewhat unsympathetic ideologue~ fascinated supposedly by the Bulgarian
- experiment, is much more a man of' the party tHan a statesman. It waw he who, ~
after the unsuccessful coup d'etat of Ni~o Alves' supporters (z7 r~ay 1977)
was given the responsibility of reconstructing the MPLA, transforming it
into a selective, Leninist-type, structured, easily controllable "Labor
= Party" and purgin; it oi all "leftist" and "secessionist" elements. Without
a doubt, he succeeded, but this type of~ aativity made him ma.ny enemies.
Moreover, Lara is a mulatto, like the'~three others close to Neto--Henrique -
"Iko" Carreira, minister of defense= Paulo Jorge, minister of foreign a.~rfairs, ~
and Eduardo dos Santos, minister of planning (and acting prime minister since
the pr.esident's death.) Now~ for many Angolans, the mulatto intellectuals of . ~
~ Neto's entourage formed a bureaucratic, pro-So�~iet and pro-Cu'ba.n petty
- bour,eoisie which monopolized the reins of power.
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4Je?1-founded or not~ this sentiment exists and has a ~ertain mobilizing power:
it was one of the principal bases of the propa.ganaa oi Nito Alves, the ~
FNLA [Angol.an National Liberation F~ont] of Iiolden Roberto and ITNITA. More-
over, to this sentiment is added the bitterness of the "people in the prov-
inces," who feel neglected to.the benefit of city dwellers, and of the
military who criticize the administration and the party for keeping them
iinder tutelege. Neto wa.s certainly aware o.f these cleavages, no doubt the
most serious which threaten Angola today since there is the pos~ibility
that the country could simply split apart. _
Since the beginning of 197q, in fact, the former president took a series of
measures aiming to pron,ote, within the state apparatus, black military cadres =
from the interior of ~ne country. Thus, Kundi Payama, Alexandre Rudrigues
~ ard Lourenco Ferreira were respectively named ministers oi the interior, the
police and security. The DISA [Directorate of Security and Intelligence],
the internal security service trained by the East Germans, wh'ich has been
; accused o.f acting like a state within a state, was disba.nded on'26 July 1979
_ and integrated into the ministry of Lourenco Ferreira. Its two directors~
Henrique Santos "Onambwe" and "Ludi" Kissasunda, both mulatto, whom Neto
publicly branded as "inquisitors" were demoted to the ranIcs. Finally, through -
a process of ~rarious nominations, 10 provinces out of 17 came under military
- orders.
' Neverthelesso these recent changes have not--far irom it---ended the tensions
~ which have existed within the MPLA since the early 60�s, Only an alliance,
a ~ompromise among the various factions can prevent a possible explosion. If
not, who can act as axbiter with Neto gone? Tlle army? The FAPLA ~People's
Armed Forces for th~ Liberation o.f Angola], with 50~000 men are thoroughly
j trained by the Cubans and the East Germans. Moreover, t~ey do not form a ~
coherent group: in fact, a certain rivalry seems to exist between "Iko"
Carreira, the minister of defense, and "Xyetu" Joao Neto, the chief 'o:f staff.
The former favored an increase in the number of socialist "advisers"; the
; latter, a reduction.
The Cubans and the Soviets? Nothing, it is true, can be done without them
or against them, especially Neto's succession. But the man who might be their
, choice--in Luanda, Pascual Luvualu, a black, member of the political bureau
and known pro-Soviet, is mentioned--might not obtain popular support.
Then is it the vacuum after Neto? One thing at least is certain: in late
197~ ~s already in 19'~4 at the time of indep~ndence, everyone once again wants
to play his own card. Everyone, meaning the Soviet Union, the United States -
and South Africa. In a~i�~'tle less than 4 years in power, Agostinho Neto
was not able to ~tabilize his country sufficiently, so each external power
sti11 has some advantagr~s and some well-founded hopes. Moscow will benefit
from continuity; Washin~ton, from openness; and Pretoria, from uncertainty.
Why would they bother? Was Angola not, from 1974 to 1976, the favorite '
, poaching gro~znds of' the great powers, the symbol of Africa torn apart? Is it
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not the orily country in Africa where the fighting has continued for almost
' 20 years? Twelve months ago, when Angola was celebrating its third
anniversary of independence, we wrote (JEUYE AFRIQUE, issue 932): "The .
Angolan state exists. But the mdst arduous task rema.ins: to bui.ld a nation."
Neto is dead. H~ laid the first stone. Everything else rema,ir~s to be done. .
COPYRIGHT : Jeune Afrique GRTJYJ~~a 1979 -
9~+79
cso: 4400
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- ANGOLA
BRIEFS
MPI~C REFOI~TED ACTIVITIES-- The MPLC [Popular Movement for the Liberation of -
Cabinda~ which aruzounced its recent formation in a communique sent to Paxis
(See MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRA?dEENS, No 1763~ p 2347) has just published~
via Kinshasa, a repor.`t of its activity in June. According to this recent
communique~ the Movement reportedly killed 35 Angolan an:d Cuba,n soldiers and -
wounded 55 others during operations carried out that month in the enclave. In
addition to destroying twc FAPLA [People's Armed Forces for the Liberation of
Angola] militaxy vehicles, on 15 June neax Tendecele and on 24 June, near the
town of ~ao Vi~cente, the MPLC forces blew up the gas depot of the public -
transportation company or,~,23 June in the center of Tchiowa (name given to the
capital of the enclave by the Cabindans) causing an enormous explosion and a
fire. The communique adds that on 16 June~ a"suicide commanda" blsw up the
tank of. an oil tanker which was loading Gulf Oil crude at Malongo, causing
the death of three Greek sailors. Elsewhere, the MPLC accused the joint ~
An~olan and Cuba.n forces, aided by MI-4 helicopters and Soviet Ilyushin-28
bombers pil~ted by Cuba.ns and supported by Mzg-17s, of bombing with napalm
and defoliant the forest of MaiomUa (center of the enclave) and the farm.s of ,
peasants in axeas liberated by ~he MPLC, "The MPLC executive boaxd draws the ~
attention of internationa,l opinion to these ba.rbar.ic acts of the Angolan
aggressor who aims to exterminate the Cabindan peoples," concludes the
communique. [Textj [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITE.~HANEENS in French
~ 14 ~eP 79 P 25z7] 9~79~~
~ ~ ~~i, ~ ~
YUGOSLAV AGRICULTURAL COOPE'ttATION--l~ive agreements, for a total value of
~8.10 million, hav~'recei~tly been signed between the Yugoslav agricultural
coopera.tive "Belgrade" anj~. the Angolan government. Ac~ording to the terms of
the:.�e agreements, signed in Luanda, the "Belgrz.de" company a.gre'est among other
things,_;to study the possibilities of the agro-industrial develo~ment of two
1`' areas--e�~ae, of 13,000 hectares in the Catete reg~.on; the othex, of s,000 ~
hectares~in the Kikussi region. The Yugoslav firm will also build residential
housing for 7,000 people about 15 kilometers from Luanda, and a dairy with a =
- production capacity of Z0,000 liters a day. Moreover, "Bel~ra.de" has agreed
to provide Angola with technical aid in the agricultural and stock;raisin~
sectars. [Text] [Paxis MARGHES TROPICAUX ET NIEDITERRANEENS in F~ench
1~ Sep 79 P?527] 9~79
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BOTSWANA
BRIEFS
REVALUATION OF CURRENCY--On 14 September, the pula was revaluated 5 percent.
The move which observers had been expecting for months is aimed at decreasing
; the cost of maize imports from South Africa. [Excerpt] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MEDT~TERRANEENS in French 21 Sep 7~ p 2590]
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CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
\
BOKA~SA'S SON DENIES BELONGING TO OPPOSITION
Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 12 Sep 79 p 52
~
[Text] We republished (See JEUNE AFRIQUE No 973) the statement of Prince
Georges Bokassa to the African magistrates who questioned him on the Bangui
massacres. According~to that testimony, the prince asserted that his father,
the emperor, could kill with his oum hands. Whereas at the time Georges
Bokassa went back to Bangui this weeic,,he declared to us that he had never
made such a statement.
[Answer) I am deeply shocked that magistrates who must a priori be honest and
objective, have distorted my statementsa which is further.nore easy for me
to prove. How can one imagine that magist?;ates of whom it is said that they
acted in an upright manner, can question soMeone about events who is publicly
known not to have been present. I never stated that my father had personally
" partic~pated in the "massacres." My meeting with them lasted only a minute.
One of the gentlemen, who seemed to have had one glass too many, insis~.ed in
offering me something to drink. All that was not very responsible. I think
that after General Mobutu and:myself,the denials are not over.
. [QuestionJ What is the meaning of your return to Bangui?
[Answer] As I explained, there is no question of giving my return to Bangui
� any political significance whatsoever, I am not a politician although the
_ commission put me on the list of those in opposition which shocked me greatly.
In all the statements I have made, I have always said I was not in the op-
position. PARIS MATCH is the only one to have accurately reported my state-
ments. Despite temporary quarrels, it is fitting for a son to be at his
~ father's side at difficult moments. Who.could condemn me for that?
~
[Question] How do you assess the situation as.it:currently stands in`Bangui?
[Answer] All my friends who have recently ;one to our capital have tcld r?e ~
" and said so again that the cir.y is quiet.
COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique GRUPJIA 1979
8094 7 ,
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CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBZIC =
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1
- FRENCH MINISTER AT IMPERIAL COURT DEFENDS BOKASSA
~
Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 12 Sep 79 pp 46-50, 52
[Excerpts] His Majesty still has a few defenders. Despite the report of the
_ African jurists (see JEUNE AFR.IQUE No 973) which concluded that his partici-
pation "in the April massacres was virtually certain," there are still some
people (rare, it is true) playing the tough role of devil's advocate and
. frankly proclaiming their allegiance to the emperor. No African, of course,
except Central African dignitaries, among them Central Af'ricans, alas, has
risen up to defend the sovereign of Berengo, but the "Bokassa pnenomenon" _
_ continues to fascinate some French people.
Who are these imperial supporters? What motivates them?
In the view of Jacques Duchemin, minister of state"at the imperial court,
it is doubtless money and a certain taste fcrr "African adventure" (see inter- `
- view). For others, such as that Bonapartist municipal councilor of Ajaccio
in Corsica, Fenicia Ramaroni'(who, ii: is true, has just notified Bokassa that
she is renouncin; her title as roving imperial ambassador), might it not be
- the attraction of honors generously dispensed by an emperor who cioes not hes- _
j; itate to compare himself to Napoleon? A~ attested to by the letters reproduced ~
here, there are even nostalgic people who persist in believing in the innocence
of Bokassa,;;an "emperor, a Catholic and a soldier," hence not guilty. A~mar-
_ ginal phenomenon, nevertheless, as our survey "Bokassa and the French" demon-
strated (See JEUNE ,AFRIQUE Nos 966 and 967), and as Farida Ayari succeeded ,
in ascertaining in Hardricourt, a French village which does not appear to
appreciate that "nuisance of a guest." Everi if he is an emperior.
An Interview With Bokassa's "Savior" ~
[Interview with Jacques Duchemin by Hami~. Barrada, Pierre Gardel and Francis ~
Soudan at Jeune Afrique's offices in Paris, date not givenJ =
When Jacques duchemin came to see us at JEUNE AFRIQUE's offices, we were
expecting to meet one of those.bull-necked, tatooed gcrappers with harrack- _
room eloquence and the subtlety of hobnailed boots. In short, a man in the
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image of his imperial employer. But ther, is notha,ng of all that ahout Jacques
Duchem~n, minister plenipotentiary, recruited last June to improve Bokassa's
_ image abroad and whr,m we interviewed at the clase o~ one of his mysterious _
- missions to Paris. Calm, agreeable, halway between the seriousness of a Quai
d'Orsay official and the almost feminiue unctuousness of a court prelate, the -
one to whom Bokassa allegedly confided; "You are my final rzcourse" is an
- amiable and long-~oinded personage, Too long-winded no doubt for the tortuous ~
paths of his "African career" that he willingly tells about--Algeria, Tschombe,
Tombai_baye--not to lead him astray sometimes to the border of mythomania.
Obviously, the liberty that Jacques Duchemin often seems to take with reality
whea he sets forth his adventurous biography, does not bother him too much.
All the more so since it is not easy to verify what he says. The boisterous
and not always~admirable life of that "'public relation.s expert" doubtless im-
pressed Berengo's emperor. It is men like Jacques Duchemin who "cl~arify" the
Bokassa phenomenon or, at the very least, its continuing existence.
[Question] Mr Duchemin, a lot of information and rumors, and perhaps gossip,
- are circulate~l about you. Y~u are not an unkno~,m figure. Our first question _
will be a very simple one, What are your present functions with Emperor
Bokassa? f
[Answer] I have been minister of state at the imperial court and minister
plenipotentiary at the empire's Ministry of~Foreign Affairs since 1.4 June 1979.
-
[Question] Was your appointment riade public? _
[Answer] Of course, by a decree dated 14 June. I have a great many documents -
here in Paris since I work at th~ embassy every day. But, you know, I con-
tinue to be distrustful since a young journalist whom I had invited to
Central Africa photographed my diplomatic passport while I waS,.taking a
siesta. This misadventure cost me a deserved reproof from the~emperor for
the photo appeared in LE CANARD ENCHAINE. So you will understand why I have
_ no desire to open up my locked cases for you.
_ [Question] Was your appointment related to the massacring of children? -
[Answer] Indirectly no doubt, in that the emperor, wh~n he saw a press cam-
paign unleashed against him throughout the world, wished to ensure the help
of someone acquainted with the media. ~
[Question] So your~job is to help the emperor have better relations with the
' press.
[Answer] That just that. I am above all the emperor's political and diplo-
matic adviser. You know, for an African country, the press is something -
n?arginal. I do not underestimate the press: I have be~n a journalist for
10 years. But what counts most is diplomacy.
[Question] You knew Bokassa before 14 June? ~
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_ [Answer] No. But he knew me.;;' Friends we have in common asked me to go and
see him. French friends who have no official position, but who have been
close to the emperor ~or a very long time. They asked me to come to Bangui
= to give the emperor my views on the Central African Empore's 3mage abroad.
So I made a kind of expert assessmerit following which the pmperor who was
acquainted with my career in Africa, asked me if I would agree to work with
~ him on a regular basis. A�ter a very short period of reflection, I undertook
this new adventure. -
[Question] What is the amount fo your salary?
- [Answer] Let us say I am paid a little more than the president of the Re- _
- public, at least insofar as his official salary is concerned~-which I believe
amounts to 28,970 francs a month. But my position, you will admit, is less
stable than his.
[Question] Are there other French people in Africa who hold positions sim- ~ -
ilar to yours?
[Answer] Yes, indeed. Roger Pietri, a journalist of French television's
Channel Th.ree, FR 3, had similar duties with Omar Bongo:~,, Periard, Jacqueline
1 Baudrier's husband, still fulfills the same functions fo~:~ Houphouet-Boigny. -
My own duties are halfway between those of Periard and those of Jean Collin, -
minister of interior for Senegal.
- [Question] Jean Collin has Senegalese nationality.
[Answer) But he is French by origin. ,
[Question] You live in Paris in a second-rate hotel which does not seem to -
be at the same level as your salary. .
~ [Answer] That's true. I am following the example set by Mamadou Dia who,
as prime minister of Senegal, when in Paris stayed at a modest establishment
on Boulevard Raspail. -
(Questian] What was the specific purpose of your mission to Paris?
[Answer] To make contact with some of my former press colleagues to provide
them with some clarifications as.to what the real situat~on was in Central
Africa. Moreover, I believe I have fulfilled my mission well.
[Question] You no doubt feel that your former Katangan gendarmes turned out
badly. It is even said that they are considered to be pro-Cuban.~~
[Answer] So what? I have a lot of sympathy for "Che" Guevara's Cuba. Not _
for Castro's, that is true. Even if I am not a Marxist-Leninist, I regard
myself as a Marxian.
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f.4uestion] As a Martian? ~
[Answer] Marxian! ~ admire Karl ~:arx's original thinking, but not the prac-
tical use to which it has been put. In France, m~ political sympathies are
with the anarchists, the Utopians. For example, had I been in Paris on
10 June for the elections to the European Assembly, I would have voted the
ecologists' ticket,
, [QaestionJ Don't your ideas alarm the emperior?
- [Answer] Not at all! The emperior knows everything. T told him everything.
And he understood me... _
[Question] But let us get back t~ Tombalbaye. How did you meet him?
[Answer] Well, through friends ht~~asked me to work on his behalf for a
rapprochement with Libya. He wanted to get the exploitation of Tibesti~s
petroleum deposits under way. To do so, an agreement had to be negotiated.
And an agreement was signed.
[QuestionJ You were known in Libya?
[Answer] Of course. And my "good rating" in Tripoli stemmed from the fact
' that 1 was introduced, sponsored, by Algeria's ambassador to Tripoli, at the
present time stationed in Tunis, Colonel Ali Kafi.
[Question] Tschombe, Tombalbayey Bokassa. What da these three men have in -
~ I common?
i
~ [Answer] That is hard... let us say... innate authority.
' [Question] You mean to say they are tyrants?
_ [Answer] Definitely not!
[Question] Well, tell us a little about the emperor:
[Answer] Contrary to the image jdesterners have of him, Emperor Bokassa I is
a personage with common sense. And quite well-balanced.
[Question] He drinks a lot of whis'Ky and they say "he never sobers up..."
[Answer] Oh, you know the empc~ror is not a practicing Moslem... I h.ave
' spent many hours with him. I have never drunk alchhol in his presence. And
I have never seen him drunk!
- [Question] You admire Bokassa I?
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~ [Answer] I have affection and esteem for the empex'ior. I consider him to be . -
thoroughly sincere.
' [Question] Nonetheless, there children were massacred in Central Africa.
Doesn't that disturb you?
[Answer] You know, child massacres... I am convinced that there were agents
of a foreign embassy who gave money to CenCral African policemen asking them
_ to effect "black marks." to compromise the emperor. '
[Question] Who might want to harm Bokassa? He has nothing but friends:
[Answer] Those who wanted unsuccessfully to destabilize Zaire: the Cubans,
- for example. They -regard Central Africa as a weak link.
[Question] What could make Bokassa leave...? Aside from your own departure,
of course! _
(Answer] O~h, I don't know! Bokassa I is not a man to leave just like that.
He is not like his august relative the~Shah of Iran.
_ [Question] What are you trying to do specifically to "save" him? That is
part of your job, isn't it?
[Answer] That's correct. It is my job. I give the emperor advice of a dip-
lomatic nature.
[Question] It was you who advised the emperor to ask his peers to ban the
dissemination of JEUNE AFRIQUE?
[Answer] No, not at all. If I had been his adviser at the time, I would
_ have strongly counseled him not to take such a step. -
[Question] It seems that the emperor reads JEUNE AFRIQUE a great deal...
[Answer] That is true. He reads your publication assiduously.
[Question] You would advise the emperor to go along with a"JEUNE AFRIQUE -
Gets Bokassa to Talk?"
~ [Answer] Of course.
[Question] And that would not end up as it did for the journalist .
~ Goldsmith? * ~ -
[Answer] But all went very well for Goldsmith in the end.
[Question] With blows on his head with a cane! Which nearly cost him his
life!
Speciai correspondent of the American Associated Press agency.
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- [Answer] I3ut aFterwards the emperor had him appear before hi.m. H~~ embrac~d
' him publicly and rPgards him as a permanent guest. -
[Question] After he had been a guest in Bangui's jails... -
~ [Answer] You know that makes up part of the ups and downs of daily life in -
-i Africa.
~ -
[Question] The emperor has never struck you?
~
~ [Answer] Never!
[Question] No doubt that is~bec3use.you are new at court... But let us skip -
' over that. Did Idi Amin ever ask for you? _
_I
[Answer] No. I wish to make it clear that Bokassa is not a French-speaking
~ Idi Amin.
-i
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[QuestionJ And what if Macias Nguema, ttie dictator of Equatorial Guinea, had
~ called for you? ~ ~
[Answer] I would have refused. He persecutes priests and I am a practicing
i Catholic.
i "
[Question] If Bokassa fell, what would you lose apart from your salary?
[Answer] Nothing at all. And besides I do not need the emperor to earn my
bread!
[Question] Do you meet some of your ministerial colleagues in Paris?
1 [Answer] No. But you will have to admit that if I wer.e to say, for example,
_ "I am going to ask my counterpart, Robert Galley, for an appointment; it would
be laughable, wouldn't it?
[Question] T!ie emperor knows you are granting an interview to JEUNE AFRIQUE? .
[Answer] Yes, yes. I telephoned him to get his permission. He gave ~t~to
me.
' COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique GRUPJIA 1979
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CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC ~
BRIEFS
~ BANGUT ACCUSED OF COLLUSION WITH BOKASSA--Sylvestre Bangui, chairman of the -
FLO [Ubanguians' Liberation Front], is charged by some of his partisans of
acting in collusion with Emperor Bokassa. After meeting the Zairian chief of
state, Mobuto Sese Seko, who is close to Bangui's master, on 30 August, the
'former Central African ambassador to France authorized Jacques Duchemin,
miriister at the imperial court, to attend an information meeting of Central -
Airicans held on 1 September in Paris in the reception rooms of the Hotel
Sheraton. [Text] [Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 12 Sep 79 p 25] 8094
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~ ~ EQUATC'RIAL GUINEA
~ ~ ~
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PREPARATIONS BEING MADE FOR TRIAL OF MA~IE
~
~
Madrid CAMBIO 16 in Spanish 2 Sep 79�pp 40-41
~
i [Text] A woman recognized deposed pr.esident Masie wandering alone in the -
~ vicinity of Noanquien, near Mongomo,:in the early hours of 18 August. She _
; informed a male companion and togethsr the couple.a.pproached the tyrant who _
' asked them, "Why do you pursue me when I don't have anything?"
-i
! Shortly after 1400 hours, a patrol.sent from the Mongomo police station,
~ encountered Masie lying on the grass with his head on a suitcase--his only
~ baggage--wearing a tattered.pair of pants and a white T-shirt with the - _
words "Equatorial Guinea, a peaceful country par excellence."
When Masie realized he was surrounded, he.acted as if he were getting _
~
-i ready to put his hand~ in his pocket, where he kept a gun. However, w.ell
i placed shots to each arm left him defenseless and at the mercy of his cap-
tors, according to a soldier's report to Peru Egurbide, special corres-
pondent of Cambio 16.
, Meekly, he asked for water. Then he was taken to Mongomo and immediately
after, while heavily guarded, he.~was secretly taken to the prison at Bata.
As soon as he was placed in a.cell, he silently sought refuge in a corner.
i This was the end of his devastating political adventure that lasted for
! nearly 11 years, during ~ahich time the country was decimated by the cruelty
-i of a dictator and ruined and left desolate by incredible laziness and
- neglect. �
,
The local radio station announced the capture of Masie at once and the
people came out into the str.eets jubilantly. At night, they improvised a
~ mad whirling dance with which to celebrate the end of a gory era.
~ ,
; A Collegiate Organization -
;
i At Malabo, headquarters of the forces which defeated Masie, they also began
~ the final preparations f or the country's reconstruction. It was necessary
to await the arrival of.the officers~of the Supreme Military Council--from -
the continental area--who had been. in .charge of the hunt for Masie for 2
- ~ weeks .
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- The Council has not yet announced the name of all of its members and, for�
the time being, has limited itself to operating as a collegiate body _
under the orders of colonel Obiang Nguema. Ranking in second place as .
_ strong man in the new regime is Commander Ela, a graduate--like Obiang--of
~ the Zaragoza, [Spain] military academy.
All the messages and all the appeals made by the almost anonymous Council
- are of a conciliatory nature. The more than 4,000 exiles who are in
Spain have been asked to return to their country to assist in rebuilding
the nation, regardless of any political bias. ~
- No civil servants have been purged. It is as if by the ousting of Masie,
any other purge became unnecessary. Observers can find no explanation for
the fact that a government which failed to govern, and which lacked the
barest minimum of support c~u33 have lasted so long. Nor can they explain .
how the Russians, who wielded so much influence in Masie's Guinea that
= they were able to take over the fishing port of Luba (previously San Carlos)
with exclusive rights, had not some time ago worked out a solution for its
reexchange. -
Once the conditions became clear, the reexchange was very simple. Rumors -
that in the skirmishes with Masie's escort more than a hundred Guinean -
rebels had died were denied. The list of casualties in these encounters
does not exceed ten..
In fact, the army was practically unarmed and the artillery paralysed.
There were shortages of both ammunition and fuel. There was a lack of
, everything in Equatorial Guinea which for the past 5 years lived as if it
were off the map. . ~
~ i;The international reaction of solidarity with the new regime came at
once. Spain, the first country to appoint a new ambassador to Malabp, .
managed to unb lock the funds frozen at the European Economic Co~nunity
(EEC) and when Masie was still 'o~tempting to flee, the EEC provided Guinea _
with an initial shipment of 8,000 tons of rice and US $8 million in mgdi-
cal assistance. -
France, Korea, Ch~na, Cuba and the Soviet Union have also recognized the
- Military Council and have expressed pleasure at the change in policy. The
Cubans--who basically served as military instructors--and the Chinese--
~ who were technical advisors--were held in high esteem by the natives. One
notes a certain ~eiled resentment with respect to the Spanish who ran
away at the most difficult moments, but Obiang Nguema is seeking to make
the peopl~e forget this with insistent statements to the effect that Guinea
and Spain will maintain "very special" relations.
Popular ire against the Soviets is alive and ill-contained. The Soviet
- fishing fleet, which worked the Guinean waters, took everything leaving
only frozen horse mackerel, often in poor condition, in the ports of Guinea.
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Days after the fall of Masie, a little girl stood in front of the wooden-
screened ~aindows of the Soviet delegation at Bata, shoutiii'g and repeating
"take your horse mackerel away; we don't want them."
Meanwhile, Masie awaits judgment which should take place over the next
_ 10 days. The feeling for revenge expressed by the people has been curbed
_ by the intellectuals of the Military Council who are more than convinced ~
that the tyrant was demented. They insist that the degree of his dementia p
has increased since he fell from power. ~
The trial, given its unusual cilaracteristics, and the consequent lack of
any juridical precedents, will open with many unknaans. Perhaps, as it
- develops, we will hear the evidence of two women of Guinea, Clara, who ,
was compel~.ed to escape to Korea'and Monica, who sought refuge in Gabon.
COPYRIGHT: 1979 Informacion y Publicaciones S.A.
. _
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- EQUATORIAL GUINEA
~ -
- RECONSTRUCTION OF NATION SAID TO BE DIFFICULT _
Madrid CAAiBIO 16 in Spanish 16-22 Sep 79 p 39
[Text] The judging of Masie will be the trial of a tribal dictatorship. _
Thereafter will begin the difficult reconstruction of a country which business-
men are facing up to optimistically and in which the military are planning
to play a neutral role.
The gallinaceous emblem that raised Francisco Masie up to the peak of power
_ in the 1968 elections:has been erased from streets, facades, cities and
public vehicles, but its silhouette is still seen today in the form of a blot. _
Masie Ngema Biyogo is now only an old man pleading for clemency in a cell.
Many of those who robbed, violated arid killed mercilessly under his rule are
still free and have still not surrendered their weapons. On the continent
residual elements persist of a"masieism" which could complicate national
reconstruction.
~
_ "A postwar period is even more difficult than war," David Eyama, the new _
~ naval commander at Bata, admitted to Peru Egu~bide of CAMBIO 16.
With a more simplistic view, a few Spanish entrepreneurs who did not cease
to do profitable business during the dictatorship maintain that the recon-
struction of Guinea will be resolved simply by opening up its borders. "No
outside help is necessary," they say.
Legal Gaps
_ The Masie trial will open next 24 September in Malabo.
In order to fill in the legal gaps, the Spanish Code of Military Justice will
be used. There is an indictment, a defense lawyer and a joint tribunal made
up of civilians and military personnel who will act as representatives of
the Guinean people in the presence of observers from the UN and the OAU.
The Masie trial will prosecute his entire regime and in the dock of the ac-
- cused various personages may perhaps be seated. The assistance of psychiatric
- specialists may also be requested in tYie end should Masie ask for i:t. _
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The former president wishes to be tried solely fcr crimes since 3 August and
in moments of depression and anguish has come to ti~e point of asserting that
he would be willing to cooperate with the new regime. At other times he has
refused to answer during interrogations and has withdrawn into total silence.
In any event, he will not be able to avoid the judgment which the Guinean
' popL~.lation almost unanimously demands.
"Killing him is not enough,"'they say. And also: "Iie should b~ placed in a
cage open to both sun and rain and brought out into the street each year so
that the people may see him and he may see how a country is created."
"He was only a tribal chief, not a chief of state, and he behaved as though =
the whole country were his town," is the comment nov; in the Bata "Nguere Ndong",
the name with which the tyrant has been rebaptized and which in the "Fang" ~
language means "evil swine that conceals what he really is."
_ Only by accepting the idea that Masie behaved as a tribal chief can one
~ understand the evolution of Guinea over the past_.11 years. That is to say
that a national retrogression took place--along with the psychological deter-
ioration of their leader--which a few observers consider logical.
African states are artificial since they are the result of colonial and not
national processes. But they are also an irreversible reality which cannot
be met on the basis of tribal plans. -
_ From the time of the attempt to overthrow him sponsored by Atanasio Ndongo
in 1969, Masie felt insecure. While Atanasio was on his death bed in a
i hospital he received a telegram of congratulations from the Spanish minister
of foreign affairs, Fernando Maria Castiella. With proof of a definite Span-
ish involvement in Ndongo's unsuccessful coup, Masie understood that the
~ dangers were not only internal.
~
i
j All of the incidents of subsequent attempts to overthrow him--one supposedly
sponsored by the North Americans in 1973, that of the expedition of inercen-
aries from the "Albatross" detained at Santa Cruz de Tenerife--unleashed
retaliation, repeated after other supposed coup attempts in which were
~ ~ falsely implicated groups made up of up to three or four individuals.
~ -
A psychiatrist could explain why the thrifty and honest functionary Francisco
Masie who, on the eve of Guinea's independence, had 807,949 pesetas in a -
~ savings account at Spain's Banco Exterior, abandoned his initial ways of a,
pro-independence leader to adopt the image of a traditional African chief,
- paternal and absolutist who did not hesitate to combine magic with the most
bloody repression.
~ Bread and milk were declared by Masie to be "colonial goods" and their con-
i sumption was banned, something which not even Idi Amin, the deposed dictator
or Uganda, took the liberty of doing. In addition= Masie did not have a
specifically defin~a ideology. He took from the Chinese the unrestrained
~
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- cult of personality, but did not a~low the Russians or Cubans to carry on ex- _
cessive propaganda because, on the subject of leadership, "Papa Masie" re-
served it exclusively for himself. In civil life, he established a system
of total indiscipline. Any effect to require responsibility in one's wor~k
_ ~aould be accused of "colonialist." -
Political repression was implacahle. Inspired by an exaggerated fear of
losing his position, Masie for his own benefit manipulated the sharp tribal _
differences in Guinea. He transferred Fang people from the mainland to the
island and moved island Bubis by force to the continental mainland, But not `
- with the idea of reducing differences, but rather to remove enemies. He in-
1 flicted severe penalties on relations between whites and blacks and made `
: mulattoes hybrids, isolating them from other racial groups.
In 1972, he canceled his account with the Banco Extnrior de Espana where
he had a balance of over 5 million Guinean pesetas. But his ambitions at that
- time were already not the conventional ones. Only the tendency to improduc-
tive hoarding, con~mon to the majority of primitive societies, explains the
collecting of luxiry cars, Landrovers, animals and money at his Nzanganyon
home.
The lesson of the past explains why all the trusted men of ~he new Supreme `
Mil~itary Council try to avoid any threat of tribal or family revenge. "From
now on, a high-ranking officer said, "we military will stick to our job and
let the traders deal with trade. Otherwise, we will always be in the sar.?e fix."
COPYRIGHT: 1979 T.nformacion y Publicaciones, S.A.
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EQUATORIAL GUINEA
~
NATION'S RESOURCES OF CONSIDERABLE INTEREST TO SPAIN
Madrid CANIBIO T6 in Spanish 16-22 Sep 79 pp 26-27
[Text] Spanish economic interests in Equatorial Guinea have been estimated
at 5U billion pesetas. Three-quarters belong to the aristocracy in whose
hands were half of the cultivated land of what was formerly Fernando Poo.
The Spaniards want to return to Guinea. A few have trave~ed there to see
the state of their property. "But we do not see 'the country's political
situation as being very secure," former colonialists told CAPIBIO 16. For that
reason, the Community of 5paniards with Interests in Africa made up of 600
' landowners has set four conditions for their return: Physical safety, return
of the property seized by Masie � avai].ability of labor and ongoing state
economic assistance.
As much fQr the Guinean Government as for that of Spain, the returr~ of Spanish
property assessed at so:ne 50 billion pesetas is a secondary issue although it
appears that juridically their ownership is assured.
"When Guinea has resolved its basic problems and the situation ma.kes this ad-
visable, Spain will begin.to deal with the.~matter of the property in Guinea
~ belonging to Spaniards," Nabor M. Garcia of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs'
- of the Directorate General of International Political Economy, declared to
this review. . .
I
'I The Power of the Aristocracy ~
i
; Among the titles of nobility having strong interest~ in Equatorial Guinea are
; those of the Duke del Infantado, the Marquis of Comillas and the Count of ~
~ Ampudias. Their enterprises: CEGUI, GAESA [expansions unknown], Drumen,and
' Cultivadora Espanola, in Guinean territory are the owners of some 4,000
~ hectares mainly devoted to the cultivation of cacao in .addition to a con-
i siderable number of head of cattle.
;
+ CEGUI, an enterprise in which Carrero Blanco had economic interests (as he
i did in GAESA) owns a 2,000-hectare farm in Rioba on Bioko Island, formerly .
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Fernando Poo. Among its owners are t Duke del Infantado, Inigo de. Arteaga
and the Marquis of Comillas.
GAESA, an agricultural and stock raising fi.rm, is the owner of the vast meadows
of Moka on the island where there were 400 horses and 2,500 head o~ cattle in
1968. Another company for the exploitation of cacao is Drumen, proprietor of
a 500-hectare firm in San Carlos, Bioko Island, where the Duke del Infantada
~ (as in the case of GAESA), together with the Count of Ampudias (one of the
- major rice owners in Valencia), has large economic interests. Belonging to
the Marquis of Comillas is Cultivadora Espanola, a firm exploiting some 700 .
hectares of cacao.
Other large Spanish enterprises in Equatorial Guinea are those belunQing to
families named Mora (over 1,000 hectares or cacao in full production), Mallo _
(which owns 800 hectares of cacao and coffee plantations), the Clarinetes -
- (a religious order, owner of "La Mision" plantation of some 500 hectares) ~
and Elgorriaga Chocolates, which has another plantation of half a thousand
- hectares of cacao. -
Almost all of the proprietors mentioned abandoned their plantations and the
country during the Masie di~tatorship. But ESGA [expansion unknown], a -
building enterprise, Spanish and the property of Pedro Escuder, Gregorio
Galiana and Francisc:b Castillon, remained and collaborated from the trade F
standpoint with Masie, maintaining its construction monopoly which it had .
before the former colony's independence.
Nearly all of the aid Spain has granted Guinea since 1968 has been channeled
through ESGA. Thanks to this privilege and to the selling of "Tres Cepas"
' cognac, which it bought in the Canary Islands for 60 pesetas a bottle an~
sold in Guinea for 5,000 ekueles (just as many pesetas at fhe official ex-
- change rate), this firm concluded each of its fiscal years with vast profits. -
- But the Spaniards' return runs into another difficui.ty. Many of them are al-
ready old and have neither the strengt~i nor the desire to begin again. The -
solution would seem to reside in 'their sons. "We must bring to Guinea young _
people with a new mentality," Carlos Robles Piquer, secretary of state for -
foreign affairs, has said. An effort is being made to stop the "evil colonial
customs," as Nabor M. Garcia stated. ' ~
Despoiled Forests
Getting the plantations into operation is not an easy matter. Of ~he 40,000 "
hectares of cacao cultivated in 1968 there is barely a quarter of them today. :
The Nigerians, the main work force, have fled back to their country. "In or-
der to attain the same.production of cacao as 10 years ago (the 40,000 tons
have been reduced to 8,000) will require 6 to 8 years and a minimum invest-
ment of 250 to 300 billion pesetas,"~Manuel Amilivia, one of the names having
the deepest roots ar~d the most property in Guinea.
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The same thing applies to timber exploitation. "For ar~ enterprise to be pro-
fitable, it would have to invest from 3 to 4 billion pesetas and wait for
some years," Candido Montoya-(who has explored the cauntry for 7 years on a
scientific mission) declared, "They have stripped the f~,rests without re-
planting them," he added.
. "Let the Spaniard who returns not think of making profit,s straight off for ~
there one will be going to work for the Guinean state and we cannot go there
making demands," Amilivia also added.
- Fishing, the First Objective
- The Spanish Government, which is proving to be very cautious in talking of
future relatior.s between the two countries, has set its eyes on the Equatorial
Guinean fishing banks as a source of immediate exploitation. _
- The desires of Guinea's new authorities to sign a fishing agreement with Spain -
(when the one that is in effect with the Soviet Union runs out in the near
- future) have been received with gx~at satisfaction by Spanish official circles
and by the fishing sector. There is a delegation at the Ministry of Trans-
portation and Cummunications ready to travel to Guinea at any time to negotiate
- the agreement.
Guinea has "truiy fabulous" fishing resources," according to Montoya. Among
the most abundant species are shrimp, crawfish, spiny lobster, prawns, red ~
grouper, cod, hake, and tuna. Until 1968, the Spanish firm Pescanova exploited
fishing in Guinea through its subsidiary firm FRIPESCA, nationalized by Masie.
'..hen independence came, the USSR took Spain's place.
On a short term basis, Spanish checking notes the cacao (Guinea produces the
- best cacao in the world), coffee and timber. Among the Spanish Government's
plans for the future, Nabor M. Garcia ~ommented, are prospecting and, in his
case, the exploiting of petroleum and minerals. _
_ ~i .
~I An Immense Petroleum Deposit
I
The Gulf of Guinea, experts say, is an immense deposit of petroleum having -
its center within ihe waters under the jurisdiction of Equatorial Guinea.
The multinational firm, Chevron, has found petroleum in Guinea, but the
international political interests ~ahich weigh upon Nigeria, Gabon and Camer-
oon, neighboring countries of the former Spanish colo~~, have made its ex-
_ ploitation not viable for the moment.
The mineral deposits offer better prospects. Candido Montoya has taken 7,000
samples of which over 4,000 have been analyzed with highly positi,ve results ~
by Spain's Geological and Mining Institute. Seventeen files weighing 50 kilos :
are the result of the work undertaken by Candido Montoya.
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According to this research, Guinea has 80 billion.cubic meters of extremely -
fine beach sand containing nearly 100 percent silica, the substance used to
make optical glass. Deposits of corundum, the hardest mineral next to dia-
monds, are also ahundant, and radioactive minerals with a large amount of :
uranium, thorium, cerium and yttria. -
"Will, Aid and Work"
_ But perhaps the reserves (not yet determined) of tantalite,�titanium, iron .
and gold are the most attractive because of their value of industrial ap-
plication. Titanium, for example, shows up 'in the form of black sand con- _
taining gold and zirconium. The quantity of gold in the samples of titanium
analyzed varies from 8 and 1,300 grams per ton which means that~exploiting
these deposits would be very profitable given the present price of gold.
In the face of this wealth of Equatorial Guinea, to which must be added its
touristic and hy~droelectric potential, Spain could not resist. But before
this country obtains worthwhile economic results from its former colony, -
- "much will, aid and labor have to be put into it," according to Nabor M. _
Garcia.
COPYRIGHT: 1979 Informacion y Publicaciones, S.A. .
8094
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EqUATOR'IAL GUTNEA
~ BRTEFS
_ EEC EMERGENCY AID--The European Econom~c Community accorded Equatorial
~ Guinea emergency aid amounting fio 300,000 account units (1 UC =$1.37) -
on 23 August. This a3.d has been accorded for the purchase of food. =
[Text] IParis MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDZTERRANEENS 3n French 31 Aug 79 `
p 2394] 9128
ECONOMIC EXPERTS' AID SOUGHT--The Government of Equatorial Guinea is reported
- to have requested the cooperation of Spanish experts for the formulation of
~ an economic reconstruction program. University Professor Juan Velarde Fuentes,
who has experience with Guinea's economy, might well be called on to direct _
the group of advisers. [Excerpt] [Madrid CAMBIO 16 ir~ Spanish 2 Sep 79) _
7129
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KENXA
BRIEFS
= GEOTHERMAL POWER STATTON--The West German company Brown Boveri signed a
21-million shilling contract 22 August with the Kenya Power Company Ltd
for the construct3on of the famous Geothermal Power Station of Oikaria. 4
This power station, which should produce about 15 million watts by 1981
and furnish up to 10 percent of the country's energy requirements, should
- use the extensive resources d3scovered in the large geolog3cal fault
known as the Rift Va11ey. The planned utilizat3on of these resources,
which goes back quite some time, 3.s being f3nanced ~o~ntly by the Kenyan
Goveanment, the World Bank, and the Coffinonwealth Development Corporation.
The consulting eng~.neers of the project are Geothermal Energy New Zealand,
~ Ltd (POB,5346, Aukland, New Zealand), who placed their bid for constructing
the power station last April. [Text] jParis MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITER-
- RANEENS in French 31 Aug 79 p 2398] 9128
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~ MAGAZINE CO~~SENTS ON NEW YUGOSLAV TANRERS ORDERED -
i
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-i Paris MARCHES TRO~TCAUB ET MEDTTERRANEENS 3.n ~rench 31 Aug 79 p 2390
i
~ [Text] The L3berian Atlas Chemical Carriers Corporat3on has ordered six
chemical transports w3th capacities of 39,600 DWT~ four of which are being
i built at the 3 May sh~.pyards and the other two at the Split shipyards.
This order is the largest the Yugoslavian shipyards have yet received.
_i The boats will be equipped with motors of the Sulzer-3 May 5 RND 75 M
type, capable of developing 11,400 h.p. at 112 rev/min, which wi11 give
( them a speed of 15.1 knots. They will be constructed undar the supervision
i of Norske/Veritas to obtain the 1 A 1 Tanker classification for Chemicals-
! E0. They will contain 28 separate tanks.
i
The ships will be built in conformance to the regulations of the Inter-
' national Conference on Oil Tanker Safety and for the Prevention of Pollu-
i tion of 1978, the Codes of the Intergovernmental Consulting Organization
; of Maritime Navigation for the construction and equipment of ships trans-
~ porting dangerous chem3cal products in bu1k, and the regulations of the
~ United States Coast Guard.
! They will be equipped with single cabins for 26 persons.
i
~ The ships ordered at the 3 May shipyards will be delivered between December
1981 and March 1983.
~ COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1979
~
9128
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NTGER
SUGAR COMPLEX TO BEGZN OPERATING IN OCTOBER -
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 24 Aug 79 p 2334
[Text] In September 1978, the Niger minister of economic affairs, com-
merce and industry consigned to Technip, along with the French Company -
for the Developmenr of Textile ~ibers jCFDT], the research and development,
- in several stages, of Niger~s first sugar complex which will be established ~
in Tillabery.
Market research, conducted in September 1978, made it possible to determine
domestic consumption requirements. The project's technical-economic
foundations were then established and a feasibility study was conducted
in May 1979. Based on these studies, what will be developed is a camplex -
with a yearly capacity of 24,000 tons of refined sugar (loaf sugar, lump
sugar and granulated sugar) connected with an industrial livestock ranch
fattening 15,000 cattle per year and involving an irrigated area of 25,000
hectares .
,
The pro~ect will require an investment of about 500 million French francs.
Mr Celerier, Technip's chairman and managing director, indicated that the
feasibility study conducted by the Niger Government has now been distri-
buted to banks and credit institutions and that the Niger Government
requested Technip to assist in the search for financial partners.
For this project, a Chinese-type sugar unit, of low capacity and producing
only brown sugar, had, at one time, been considered. Experience showed,
in certain neighboring countries, that such an establishment, at a very
low cost, was possible and moderately profitable. But Niger is quite
� able to supply sugar cane to a modern-type industrial complex equipped
with a refinery. It would be abnormal for Niger to confine itself to brown
sugar (improved standard mazarkoila type) when the tastes and habits of
the population are centered on white sugar.
The actual construction will begin in October 1979. Technip and,CFDT will ~
~ointly train all Niger personnel for the works and manage the complex i~
during the 5 years following the start of production, which is planned
, for 1982. .
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Moreover, the Techn~.p ~~:x'~, whtch ~.s alxeady ch~xged W~,th the study and
development of the Ketqaaa Sugax Company~s sugax ~ef~nexy ~a Sudan, has .
- started research on an ag~or~.ndustx3sl camglex 3.n Gu~,nea,
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie,, Paxis, 1979 . ~
9181
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NIGER
BRIEFS
FIRST CUBAN AMBASSADOR--His Excellency Raoul Barzaga Navas, ambassador
_ extraordinary and plenipotentiary of the Republic of Cuba with residence
in Al.geria, presented his credentials on August 17 to Mr Garba Sid3kou,
minister of foreign affairs and 3.nterim cooperation, and special minister
in charge of higher education and research. Mr Illa Salifou, secretary
general of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation assisted at
the presentation. The v3ce president of the Cuban Council of Ministers
- visited Niger August 1--3, at which time Mr .7oez Domenech and the chief ~
of state discussed questions regarding the summ3.t of nonalined countries
in Havdna next September and on the cooperation between Niger and Cuba. .
[Te,r.t] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 31 Aug 79
p 2389] 9128 =
NEW CUSTOMS COMPLEX--In order to relieve the congestion at the customs
services of Niamey-Route, a new customs complex valued at 1.5 billion .
- -CFA has been underconstruction since February 1~979 on the Torodi road.
The new cr~mplex, whose capacity is greater than the one already in exis-
tence, will occupy 28 hectares and will include an office, three stores, _
a parking lot for heavy trucks, and a weighing deck. Work should be -
completed October 1980. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS ~
in French 31 Aug 79.p 2389] 9128
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SENEGAL
BRIEFS
_ ISLAMIC LIBERATION GROUP--The GIL [Islamic Liberation Group] was organized
in Senegal to support the peasants. Advocating the redistribution of wealth,
the GIL has no intention of being well-disposed toward profiteers and fore-
sees liberation in the near future. IC is headed by Mahdiyou, a man who
claims to be a"mahdi" (Messiah). [Text2; [Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French
12 Sep 79 p 25] 8094 -
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I
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- BRIEFS
TURKISH ECONOMTC COOPERATION AGREII~NT--Mr Abdoulai Osman Conteh, Sierra
Leone's Minister of Foreign Affairs, and his Turkish homologue, Mr Gunduz
Okcun, signed an econam3c and technical cooperation agreement and a cul- _
tural agreement between the two countries on 14 August in Ankara. In
ac~ordance with the economic agreement, Sierra Leone will furnish, among
other things, coffee and tropical products to Turkey. Sierra Leone wi1Z
import industr3al articles and w311 receive Turk3sh technical aid for the
development of various projects. jText] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET
M~DITERRANEENS in French 24 Aug 79 p 2336] 9181
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TANZANIA
PRESIDENT URGES AUSTERITY MEASURES
~
- Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDTTERRANEENS in French 24 Aug 79 p 2341
[Text] On 18 August President Julius Nyerere urged the Tanzan3.an people -
to work more, to save fuel and to use the country's industrial equipment
cautiously in order to renew the economy, which was drained by the 8 months
of war against the Ugandan dictator ldi Aznin Dada.
- The Tanzanian chief of state, who delivered a speech in Musoma before
~ 30,000 persons, declared in addition that fuel, like gold and diamonds,
- exists in a limited quantity and that industr3alized countries, like
developing countries, are now going through a.difficult period in the -
energy domain.
Measures restricting the consumption of fuel were to be taken the s~ame
day which means the granting of a maximum weekly ration of 13 gallons per.
veHicle, the maintaining of the driving prohibition for Sundays, the
closing of service stations at certain hours of the day and no stockpiling
of jerrycans and other containers.
It should be noted that service stations will henceforth be closed at
2100 during the week. From 1900 Thursdays to 0600 Mondays, only a few
stations will be authorized to sell gas in Dar es Salaam,Zanzibar and in
regional chief towns.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1979 -
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T~NZANIA i
- RETiiRN OF EXILES FROM KAGERS
- Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 24 Aug 79 p 2342 ;
- ~
~ [Text] Thousands of Tanzanians who had fled in front of the troops of
former Ugandan President Idi Amin Dada at the time of the annexation of -
the Kagers salient, in the west of the ~ountry, last October, are now '
returning to their homes.
~
- ~ According to-the DAILY NEWS o~ Dar es Salaam,the~war victims began their
- return at the beginning of August and the autho~rities expect to see about
40,000 return during the one month alone. Nevertheless, transport problems
could foil these.predictions. ~
~
Moreover, authorities are estimating the.cost of. lie rehousing work, the '
restoration of~schools, roads,~ dispensaries, the ~ater distribution system
and businesses ravaged by the Ugandan troops.~ ~
~ ~
Parliament here and now approved:a sum of 22 mil~:ion shillings ($2.6 ~ j_
million) for the reestablishment of the principal services of the Kagers -
region during the course of the budgetary year. ' '
COPYF.IGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1979 ~
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- TANZANZA
_ +
' BRIEFS
- SWEDISH AID TO TANZANIA--On 1G August Sweden dec3ded to grant additional
aid of 25 million crowns (equal to the same number of French francs) to
Tanzania. Half of this sum will be assigned for Tanzanian purchases in '
Sweden.and 12.5 million will be assigned for the free importation of
industrial and agricultural products. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX
ET MEDITERRANEENS in.French 24 Aug 79 p 2341] 9181
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