SOVIET SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 2737
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 22, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: September 2, 1960
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains Information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws. Title
18, U.S.C. Seca. 193 and 791. the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person Is prohibited by law.
C-O-N-F-I-D-E-N--T-I -A -L
INFO.
PLACE &
REPORT L_
DATE DISTR.
NO. PAGES
REFERENCES
Russian-language publications
a. Trudy (Transactions)
(1)
(a) No..144 (1959): Opyt Metodicheskikh Issledovaniy Treshchinnykh
Kollektorov Nefti i Gaza i Pyti ikh Prakticheskogo :i.r:enenlyya
(Experiment with Methodical Studies of Creviced Receptacles of
Petroleum and Gas, and Methods forThei.r Practical Application),
by Ye. M. Smekhov, I.I. Goryunov, and Ye. S. Romm.
(b)
No. 147 (1960): Gid
rogeologic
heskiye Kriterii Neftenosno
sti
(Hydrogeological Cri
V.A. Krotova.
teria for
Petroleum Prospecting , by
(c)
No. 153 (1960): Mikr
ofauna SSS
E (Microfauna of the USSR),
Sbornik XI, edited b
y N.N. Sub
botinoy.
(d)
No. 154 (1960): Pal
eontologic
heskiy Sbornik 2 (Paleontol
ogical
Collection No. 2).
(2) Geologicheskogo Instituta(-of the Geological Institute), Academy
of Sciences, USSR, published in Moscow:
(a) No. 11 (1959): Drevnyaya Kora Vyvetrivaniya Zapadnoy Chasti
Kazakhskogo Nagorya (Early Crust d' Erosbn' of Western Sections
of the Kazakh Uplands), by N. A. Lisitsyna, published b
STATE X ARMY
Vsesoyuznogo Neft anogo Nauchno-ISsledovatelskogo Geologorazvedochnogo
Instituta VNIGRI -of the All-Union Petroleum Scientific-Research
Institute for Geological Prospecting), published by GOSTOPTE1fl DAT,
Leningrad:
GOSGORTEKhIZDAT.
X IN A V Y IX AIR
x NSA
OCR
I (Note: Woshinptoistribution Indicated by "X"; Field distribution by "#".)
x NIC
REPORT
IN FORM A" ION REPORT I N FORMATION
25X1
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C-0-N-F-I-D-E-N-T-I-A-L
-2-
1(b) No. 21 (1960): Elfidiidy Miotsenovykh Otlozheniy Podoli
(Elfidium of the Miocene Deposits of the Podoliya , by
V.A. Krasheninnikov, published by the Academy of Sciences, USSR.
(c) No. 26 (1960): Stratigrafiya Chetvertichnykh (Antropogenovykh)
Otlozheniy Aziatskoy Chasti SSSR i ikh So ostavleniye s-Yevrg sXiti
StratographYaf Quarternary (Anthropogenic) Deposits of Asiatic
Sections of the USSR and Their Comparison with the European),
edited by V.I. Gromov, published by the Academy of Sciences, USSR.
(d) No. 30 (1960): Stratigrafiya Chetvertichnykh Otlozheniy, Voprosy
Neotektoniki i Paleogeografii Basseyna Srednego Techeniya Yeniseya
Stratigrap1y of Quarternary _Deposits, _-Qdesions of eo ec onics
and of the Paleogeographic Basin of the Central Stream of the
Yenisey), by S.A. Arkhipov,published by the Academy of Sciences, USSR.
(e) No. 36 (1960): Tektonika Tsentralnoy Chasti Tuvinsko o Progiba
(Techtonics of the Central Section of the Tuvinsk Depression),
by K. A. Klitin, published by GOSGORTEI1IZDAT.
(3) Mineralogicheskogo Muzeya(.of the Mineralogical Museum), No. 10 (1959),
edited by G.P. Barsanov, published by the Academy of Sciences, USSR.
(4) Fizicheskogo Instituta im P.N. Lebedeva Eof the Physical Institute
i/n P.N. Lebedev), Vol. XII, Issledovaniya po Dptike (Studies in Optics),
edited by D.V. Skobeltsyn, published by the Academy of Sciences, USSR.
b. Byulleten Vsesoyuznogo Astronomo-Geodezicheskogo Obshchestva (Bulletin of
the All-Union Astro-Geodesy Society No. 27 (34), 19 0, published in Moscow
by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (two copies).
c. Informatsionn Byulleten Sovetskoy Antarkticheskoy Eks editsii (Information
Bulletin of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition ), published by Morskoy Transport,
Leningrad
(1) Vol. 16 (196o)
(2) Vol. 17 (1960)
d. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Geofizicheskaya (Report of the Academy
of Sciences, USSR, Geophysical Series), No. 6, June 1960, published by the
Academy of Sciences, Moscow.
e. Proble Arktik i Antarktiki (Problems of the Arctic and Antarctic), No. 3
(1960), published by Morskoy Transport, Leningrad.
2. When removed from the covering report, the publications are UNCLASSIFIED.
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STAT
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APKTHLIECKI1fl 14 AHTAPKTI4LIECKI1H
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JI. R. BanaKwun, A. A. Tupc, IT A. Topduenko (3aM. OTS. peAaKTopa),
H. M. aOAOU c, R. T. KannuncKaR, A. A. Kupunaoe, E. C. KopoTKeeuK,
B. B. Jlaepoe, H. B. MaKCUMOB, A. H. OAb,
H. H. 7703KftK, E. B. ce.,wco8
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K. A. C bI 4 e B. Tennocojjep3KaHHe aTnaHTH4eCKHX BOA H pacxOAoBaHHe Tema
B ApKTH4eCKOM 6acceliHe . . . . .
H. B. M a K C H M 0 B. )IOnronepHOAHbNH nyHHO-COJIHe4Hblff npHJIHB y 6eperoB
MOpe}I OKpaIHHHo l APKTHKH
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CTH4eCKHX geji x
B. H. K H A 3 e B a. K Boripocy O BepTHKanbHOli CTpyKType apKTH4eCKHX
I(HKJIOHOB .
A. A. r a B P H A 0 B a. CTpyKTypa 3HMHHX BbICOKHX allTHIXHKJIOHOB B ApKTHKe
J1. B. A o n r a BOB. AHTapKTH4eCKHFi CKJIOH H CKOpOCTb CTOKOBOrO BeTpa .
M. H. t o n b u m a H H B. B. (D p o n o B. 06 owH6Kax B H3MepeHHax TeMne-
paTypbl paj{H03OHj{aMH . . . .
r. H. S1 K 0 B n e B. CHe)KH1 1 nOKpOB Ha Apeli4)yloIUHx nbAax I_[eHTpanbHOH
ApKTHKH ,
1'. B. Mono 4 H 0 B, H. B. LI e p e n a H 0 B. OnbIT npHMexeHHA AHnonbHOrO
9neKTpoMarHHTHOro Mero a Aim onpeAeneHHA TOJIIJHHbI MopCKoro nbAa .
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HOCTH OT HIHPOTbI H j(OnroTbl . . . . . . .
1'. B. r 0 H H H. Y4eT TOpOCHCTOCTH nbga n0 CTaTHCTH4eCKOli o6pa6OTKe MaTe-
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CTO4HOFi CH6HpH .
3aMeTKH
H. H. P O M a H 0 B. JIeAOBbie YCJIOBHA p. XaTaHrH H XaTaHrCKOro 3anHBa Bec-
HOIi 1958 r. .
M. A. K Y 3 H e g 0 B. FJIaBHaH npH'HHa 3aKOHOMepHoro yMeHbmeHHA anb6ej(o
TalOluero CHe}KHorO noxpoaa . . . . . . .
B. C. H r H a T o B. OgeHKa To4HOCTH onpeAeneHHH AeBHauHH Ha3eMHbzX paAHO-
neneHraTOpOB C IIOMOIUbIO CaMOJIeTa . . . ,
S1. H. . e n b A III T e 1?i H. E. H. K y p A H H a. MarHHTHble BapHaUHH BHYTPH
OCHOBHOII 30HbI nOJIHPHhIX CHAHHIi . . . . .
JI. C. F 0 B o p y x a. K MHKOOnope 3eMJIH DpaHua-HocH(ma .
109
112
115
118
119
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K. A. S y c h o v. Heat content and heat expense of Atlantic Water in the
Arctic Basin .
I . V. M a x i m o v. Long-period luni-solar tide at the coasts of marginal
Arctic seas .
L. Ju. R y z h a k o v. On the use of the vorticity transport equation in fore-
casting purposes .
V. I. K n y a z e v a. On the question of vertical structure of the arctic cyclones
L. A. G a v r i 1 o v a. Structure of the winter high anticyclones in the Arctic
L. V. D o I g a n o v. Antarctic slope and the velocity of the katabatic wind .
M. I. G o I z m a n, V. V. F r o 1 o v. On the errors in temperature measurments
by radiosondes .
G. N. J a k o v 1 e v. Snow cover on the driftice of the Central Arctic
G. V. M o l o c h n o v, N. V. C h e r e p a n o v. Experiment on the use of the
dipole electromagnetic method for the determination of the sea ice thickness . .
A. P. N i k o 1 s k y. About the dependence of the magnetic activity mean level
on latitude and longitude . . . . . . . . . . .
G. B. G o n i n. Estimation of ice hummocking by statistic processing of the
air photography materials . . . . . . . . . .
I. L. F r e i d i n. Conference on the development of the productive forces of
East Siberia .
Notes
I. P. R o m a n o v. Ice conditions of the Hatanga River and Hatanga Bay in
the spring of 1958 . . . . . . . . . . .
M. A. K u z net s o v. Principal cause of the regular albedo decrease of mel-
ting snow cover ?
V. S. I g n a t o v. Accurasy estimation of the deviation determination of
ground radio course-and-bearing indicators by means of aircraft
Ja. I . F e l d s t e i n , E. N. K u r d i n a. Magnetic variations within the
main auroral zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
L. S. G o v o r u k h a. On micoflora of Franz Josef Land . .
53
65
77
85
93
101
109
112
115
118
119
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1960 17POBJIEMbI APKTHKH H AHTAPKTHKH N 3
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6
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20 ICKaA/CM2. UpyrHMH cJIOBaMH, noiepH TenJta aTJIaHTHLIeCKHMH BOgaMH 'B
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}KHbI B (KaKOA-TO Mepe OTpa3HTbC$i Ha KJIHMaTHLIeCKHX yCJIOBH51X H JIeAOBOM
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6acceHHe (B KKaAlCM2).
K 3THM 30HaM CJIeJIyeT, BHAHMO, OTHeCTH MaTepHKOBbIA CKJIOH BMeCTe C )Ke-
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CTOpOHbI, TenJlo 3THX BOA, fPHXOAx K HH)KHeA fOBepXHOCTH JIeAAHOro no-
KpOBa, 3aMeJJISIeT ero HapaCTaHHe.
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me 22 KKan1cM2 roa.
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JIOBHHe TeMnepaTypa BOAbl yJlep}KHBaeTCSI OKOJIO -0?,8, a B npHTHXOOKeaH-
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Bo Loo6MeH C ApyrHMH OKeaHaMH He3HatIHTeJIeH 'H, BHAHMO, OLIEHb c ia6oe
7
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
ryp6yJIeHTHoe nepeMeajeHHe BoJ1 nO BepTHKaJIH, TenJ'IOOTAa'Ia H3 aTJIaHTH-
4eCKOrO CJioH rJIy6HHHbIM ;BOJjaM HaCTOJIbKO MaJIa, 4TO O NI BIIO.'IHe MO}KHo
npeHe6pe'Ib. CJIejOBaTeJIbHO, KaK yKa3biBa.iOCb BbILHe, OCHOBHON TenJIOBON
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Typ6yJIeHT'HOM nepeMeLUHBaHHH nepeaa'Ia Terl,na H3 rJIy6HHHbIX CJIOeB K no-
BepXHOCTH BrIOJIHe B03MWKHa. KpoMe Bcero npO'Iero, 3TOMY cnoco6CTByeT yn-
JIOTHeHHe npH CMeiHHBaHHH BOJ1bI pa3JIHgHOll TeMnepaTypbI H COJIeHOCTH [6].
FIPHH5ITO C'IHTaTb, 'ITO KO3(p(JHUHeHT Typ6yJIeHTHOrO o6MeHa nOBepXHO-
CTHbiX apKTH'IeCKHX BOJ1 paBeH 20 cM2/cert. Fpynno%i A. F. KOJIeCHHKOBa
KO3(pi)HUHeHT nepeMeHIHBaHHSi BOA B 'OKeaHe onpeJleJISIJIcci Ha apell()yio1uell
CTaHUHH . CpeAHSISI BeJIH'IHHa 3TOrO K03(p(pHUHeHTa,
BbIBeJjeHHaSI 143 Ha6JlloueHHN 3a nepHO,A c 4 iio 18 AeKa6p51 1955 r., oKa3a-
JIaeb pa,BHOi 26 cMt2/ceK, a nOTOK Ter ma H3 BOAbI K HH)KHelI IOBepXHOCTH
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CTaHIHH riOTOK Tenjia H3 BOJ1bI OKa3aJICSI paBHbIM 0,95 KKalt/c x2
B McCSIU.
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nepF1OJIbI apeih a B 1893-1894 rr., B 1923-1924 rr. H
CTaHUHH
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
15,5 Kan/CM ? liac. B c.iytiae npeCHaro Jlblla 3TOT K030iiuHeHT paseH
18 KaAlCM ? kac; KCTaTH rO'BOpM, OH He3aKOHHO tIac o HCnOJlb3yeTCSI B pactie-
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paIIOHaMH CeBePHOIt ATJIaH'THKH, EBponbI H 3anajJHOA CH6npH. OJJHH 143
HHX CB513aH C aKTHBHbIM aHTHUHKJIoreHe30M H JJBa - C 6bICTpbIM H HHTeH-
CHBHbIM UHKJIOreHe30M. flpoBe. eHHble pacgeTbi OTHOCHJIHCb K TOTIKaM, CeTblo
nOKpbIBHBIIIHM paNOH, HaXO,ZHBmHNFCSI noa B03,aeACTBHeM HCCJIeayeMoro npo-
ueCca. TaKHM 06pa3oM, npeCJIeROBaJlacb UeJIb: KpOMe oueHKH BeJIHTIHH pa3-
JIH`9HbIX (paKTOp03 BHXpeo6pa3OBaHH51 Ha pa3HbIX yPOBH1X, pa3pa6oTaTb
ynpouJeHHyIO cxery pacqeTa 6yayujero 110.1151 BHxpsl.
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HHH (1), yT1HTbIBaloluHX POPH30HTaJIbHyio a1IBeKuHIO BHXpSI H Te'M11epaTypbl
Ha ypo3He MOPS! H Ha ypoBHSIX 143o6apHTIeCKHX nOBepXHOCTe13 850, 700, 500,
300 H 200 Mt6. AHaJIH3 3THX KapT, OTHOCSWHXC51 K nepnoay aHTHIJHKJtore-
He3a, rOKa3aJI, TIT'O paIIOH 6yaynJero nOJIO}KeHHl MaKCHMaJIbHOrO aHTHuHKJIO-
HHT1eCKOrO BHXp51 XapaIKTePH3yeTCH aJJBeKuHeii OTPHuaTeJIbHoro 'BHXpSI Ha
BCeX BbICOTax. AJjBeKTHBHble H3MeHeHH51 TeMrepaTypbI 11pM 3TOM pacnpeae-
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11HTeHCHBHa5 aaBeKLHH T'e'nJla Ha6JIK)JJaeTCH BO BCeIT TOJILue TpOnO-
C(pepbI, KpOMe HH)KHerO c ion (1000-850 M6), rae a1JBeKuHs TenJia 06bIHH0
ociia6eBaeT H Mo)xeT Ha6JIIOJ[aTbCS1 aaBeKLJH51 xanoaa. Ha ypoBHe 200 M6
npOHCXOJJHT aJJBeKuHs Xojioga.
IIpM uHKJIoreHe3e Ha 'BCeX ypOBHSIX OTMe'IaeTCH 3Ha'IHTeJIbHas aJJBexuHs
nOJIo)KH'TeJibHOrO BHXP51. OuHaKO B OTJJeJIbHbIX CJIyLIa5IX (rJIaBHbIM o6pa3oM
B CTaJJHH 3ap03KJjeHH51 HOBOrO B03MylueHH5) 3HageHHe T1JTeHa, yTIHTbIBaIo-
mero a4BeKuHK) TeMnepaTypbI, MO)KeT npeBOCXO)IHTb HO BeJIHTIHHe CyMMy
OCTaJIbHbIX JJBYX TIJIeHOB ypaBHeHHSI (1).
Bcero npH HCCJIeaOBaHHH CHHO11THTieCKHX npoIJeCCOB 6bIJIO Ha Ka}KL oM
113 paccMOTpeHHbIX ypOBHeA paCCTIHTaHbI TIJIeHbi ypaBHeHHSI BHXP51 J[Jl51 95 TO-
qe.'K. B Ta6J1. 1 npMBOJ sITC51 cpe4HHe BeJIHTIHHbI gJIeHOB ypaBHeHH51 (1) Ha
pa3HbIX ypoBHSIX. 143 3THX aaHHb1X BHJJHO, TITO 6apOKJi'HHHb1Ii gJIeH ypaBHe-
HH51 nepenoca BHXP51 aa)Ke 110 ocpeaHeHHbIM BeJIHTIHHaM COCTaBJISIeT a0
12% OT TIJIeHa, yt1HTbIBaiolljero aJ[BeKuHIO BHXp51; B BepXHel TpOr1Oc(pepe H
HH)KHef CTpaCToc(pepe BeJIHTiHHbI (paKTOpOB BHxpeo6pa3oBaHH3] npeBOCXOJJ517
COOTBeTCT'By10IJHe 3HaggeHHs B CpeJJHeii H HH)KHeii Tponoc(pepe.
22
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
7'a6nu4a I
Cpep,HHe 3Ha4eHH8 OCHOBHbIX IpaKTOpOB BHxpeo6pa30BaHHH Ha pa3JIH4Hb[X ypOBHSIX npH
uHKJIOHH4eCKOH H a HTHLHKJIOHH4eCKOH nepeCTpOHKaX 6apH4eCKOI'O noasi
1 dT dT
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HHH (1) nepeHoca BHXpH C 6apOKJIHHHbIM 9JIeHOM 6bIJIH COnOCTaBJIeHbi pe-
3yJIbTaTbI npeljBbIgIHCJIeHHH H3MeHeHHH BHXpH HO 3TOMy ypaBHeHHlO H no
HIHpOKO H3BeCTHOMy ypaBHeHHIO BHXpH T[JIH 6apOTponHolI aTMOC(~epbl. K03q)-
(pHUHeHTbI KOppeJIHuHH Me)KTjy JIeB013 H npaBOH 74aCTbIO ypaBHeHHH (1) I[JIH
pa3HbIX yPOBHeH Ha 0,04-0,06 npeBblwaIOT KO3(4q)HII,HeHTbI KoppeJIHuHH
Me}KL[y JIeBOH i f.pa'BOIH tlacTbio ypaBHeHHH I[JIH 6apOTpOnHoH aTMoc(JepbI.
TaKHM o6pa3OM, HCnOJIb3OBaHHe ypaBHeHH5I BHXpH C LIJIeHOM, ygHTbIBaiOU HM
a,aBeKUHiO TeMnepaTypbI, IaaeT BnOJIHe OIIjYTHMbIH 34)4JeKT nO CpaBHeHHIO C
paCileTaM'H no 6apOTpOnHOIi CXeMe.
flocTynuna 4/VIII 1959 e.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
500
M6
300
M6
200
M6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1960 IIPOEJIEMbI APKTHI(H H AHTAPKTHI(H N-2 3
B. H. KHFI3EBA
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40 HacTosiiuero BpeMeHH B COBeTCKOH H 3apy6e)KHOi JIHTeparype HMe
JIHCb oHIIIb OrpaHHtleHHbie CBeueHHSI o6 apKTHtIeCKHX LIHKJIOHax. B ony6nH-
KO'BHHHbIX pa6oTax [2, 5, 8 H up.] FJIaBHOe BHHMaHHe yueJIHeTCSI noBTOpsle-
MOCTHH UHKJIOHOB, HX TpaeKTOpHHM, CKOPOCTSIM nepeMeiueHHSI, a TaKxce Xa-
paKTepHCTHKaM nOrO,gbl, c11pOHTaJIbHble pa3,aeJIbI aPKTHtreCKHX 1 HKJIOHOB Ha
OT,geJlbHbIX npHMepax aHaJIH3HpyeT B cB.oeH pa6oTe C. C. FaHrepoB [3].
3a n'OCJIeuHHe rOJ.1;b1 HaKO'njieH 60JIbinoH MaTepHaJl a3pOJIOrH'tieCKHX Ha-
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TaJIbHO H3ytlHTb CTpoeHHe aPKTHtieCKHX IHKJIOHOB. B HaCTOHILjef CTaTbe
npe,gCTEBJIeHbI pe3YJIbTaTbI HCCJIeuOBaHHSI BbICOTbI H Te'MnepaTypHOH KOHTpa-
CTHOCTH UHKJIOHO:B 3anaAHOrO ceKTOpa ApKTHKH (paHOHa BapeHLjeBa H Kap-
CKorO Mopei) 3a nepHOA c 1951 no 1957 r. BCero 3a yKa3aHHOe BpeMH 6bIJI0
pacCMOTpeHo 438 L1$KJIOHOB.
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3aMKHyTbIX H3orHnc aOCTHraJIH TOH HJIH HHOH H306apHtieCKOH nOBepXHOCTH:
850 146 700146 500 146
H HH)Ke H HH)Ke H Bblwe
13% 7% 80%
3TH ILHckpbl, CTporo rOBOp I, OTpa)KaIOT He gHCJIO OTueJIbHbIX I);HKJIOHOB
onpeueJleHHOH BbICOTbI (TaK KaK no Mepe pa3BHTHSI BbICOTa HX McHSIeTCH),
a gaCTOTy, C KOTOpOH 6apHHecxoe o6pa3o,BaHHe aOCTHraJIO 'B BH,ge 3aMKHy-
Toro ueHTpa pa3JIHLIHbIX H306apHtIeCKHX n0BepXHOCTec. B 80% CJrytraeB
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KaK npaBHJIO, He o6pa3yIOTCSI, a npHXO11SIT B 60JIbnIHHCTBe cJiyuaeB H3 apy-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta6JUi(a I
Bep09THOCTb cyIueCTB0BaHH6 BbICOKHX 1(HKJIOHOB
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COKHX UHKJIOHOB 5IBJI5IeTC5I 3anaAHa5i q)opMa (W) aTMoc4 epHOH uHpKyJISIwHH
(Ta67JI. 1), JIeTOM -MepHAHOHaJIbHai (C).
Y 13BeCTHO, HTO 61IarOnPI151THbIMH yCJ1OBH5IMH JI,Ji5i yr1Iy6JIeHH51 UHKJIOHa, a
CJIeAOBaTCJIbHO, JjJl51 yBeJIHTIeHH5I ero BbICOTbI, 51BJIHeTC5I HaJIHLIHe CJIeBa OT
fPH3eMHOrO ueHTpa (n0 HanpaBJIeHHIO nepeMeHjeHHH UHKJIOHa) o611aCTH
xo.IOJ(a H npeo6JlaaaHHe aaBeKUHH xojioaa HaJj aaBeKUHeH TenJia BB UHKJIOHe.
lpH Pa3BHTOM 3anaAHOM nepenoce B03J1y1IIHbIX Mace Cyn(eCTBy1OT TaKHe
VCJIOBHH, TaK KaK oliar xojiojja (4opMHpyeTCSI B HOJI)IpHOH 06JIaCTH [1], T. e.
c.ReBa OT HyTH nepeMelueHHSI UHKJIOHOB, H aaBeKUHSI xojioaa np.eo6.1aaaeT
Haa aJI,BeKUHeH Tenjia 3HMOH, BeCHOH H OCeHbIO.
B JieTHee BpeM5I npn W (()opMe UHPKyJISIUHH aaBeKUH51 TenJla nepeKPbl-
BaeT aa'BCKUH1O xojioaa 3a C'eT npHTOKa TenJIbIX Macc B03ayXa c MaTepHKa,
'ITO yxyaLuaeT yCJIoBH5I uHKJIorexe3a. fIpH C (~OpMe UHPKYJISIUHH JIeTO'M
JIo K6HHa xo.nojja, padnwiIO}KeHHa51 naJt EBponelcKod TeppHTOpned C0103a,
C03JjaeT 6JiarOHPH5ITHble YCJIOBH5I JjJIS! YCHJIeHHSI UHKJloreHe3a.
BOJlbma' nOBTOpSIeMOCTb BbICOKHX UHKJIOHOB 3 3ana1HOM CeKTO'pe
APKTHKH CBmaeTeJIbCTByeT 0 TOM, 'ITO OHH B OCHOBHOH Macce aOJI)KHbI 6bITb
OKKJIIOaHpOBaHHbIMH. AHaJIH3 >Ke nPH3eMHbIX H BbICOTHbIX KapT, a TaK)Ke
a3poJlorn'IecKOro MaTepHaJia He nOATBep)KaaeT 3TOro.
I-IaCTO Ha6JIIoAa1OTC5I cJIy'IaH, Koraa MOJIOAble UH'KJIOHbI c eLue XOpOLuo
BbTpa}KeHHbIM TenJiblM CeKTOpOM npoCJ1e)KHBaIO'TC5I B BHae 3aMKHyTOrO
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
I(eHTpa Ha noBepxxocTH 500 M6 (pH'c. 1, 2). 1LHKJIOHbI C I)pOHTOM OKKJIIO3HH
y 3eMJIH Bblpa}KeHbl T2K}Ke Ha BbICOKHX ypOBHHX, OAHaKO OHH B 60JIbmHH-
CTBe CJiyxaeB He 5IBJI5110TC5I XOJIOAHbIMH H MaJI0n0ABH}KHbIMH, a o6JiajaloT
aCMMMeTpHeA TeMnepaTyp Aa>Ke npH AOJirOM cyuJ.eCTBOBaHHH OKKJIIO3HH y
3eMJIH.
20 40 60 so 100
HaMH 6bIJIH paCC4HTaHbI CpeJIHHe McCMgHble TeMnepaTypbl Ha CTaHJjapT-
HbIX YPOBH51X 2JI51 4eTbIpex 4aCTeii UHKJIOHOB: ceBepHOA, 1O}KHOA, BOCTO4HOA
H 3anaAHOA, 3a nepHoA c 1951 no 1957 r. no paaH030HaOBbIM aaHHbIM HO-
JIApHbIX CTBHIjHH bapeHueBa H Kapcxoro MopeA, floJISIpHble CTaHUHH KaHK-
Jjbl}i pa3 OTHOCHJ1HCb K TOA 4aCTH UHKJIOHa, noA BJ1HHHMe KOTOpOA nonaAa-
PHc. 3. BepTHKanbHoe pacnpeae.e1lHe cpe1Heil MecHgHO4l TeMnepaTypbl 3a
$1HBapb 1955 r. AJIH BOCTOIIHOA (1) H 3anaAHOA (2) 4aCTeS nuK.IOHOB.
JIM AaHHble nyHKTbI npH nepeMeujeHMH IjHKJIOHa HaJ HHMH. Pe3yJIbTaTbl pac-
4eTOB HO'Ka3aJIH HaJIHIIMe KOHTpaCTOB TeMnepaTyp Mexcly npOTHBOnoJIO}K-
HbIMH KBaApaHTaMH A0 BbICOT 4-5 Kitt BO BCe Mec}n bI, oco6eHHO B 3HMHHA
nepHoA. HanpHMep, B HHBape 1955 r. H3 19 II,HKJIOHOB 17 6bIJIH BbICOKHMH,
npH4eM pa3HOCTb TeMnepaTyp McMCAy BOCTO1HOA H 3anaAHOA 4aCTRMH UHK-
JIOHO'B AO BbICOTbI 6 Kbt COCTaBJISIJIa 7-10?, H JIMIIIb Ha BbICOTaX 8-10 KM
yMexbmaJiacb Ao 3-2? (pHC. 3).
B ae 1CTBHTeJIbHOCTH KOHTpaCTb1 TeMnepaTyp Me}KAy npOTHBOHOJIO}KHbIMH
4aCT51MH 51BHO 3aHM}KeHbI, TaK KaK cyujecTBylouja5l McTOAHKa He r103BOJIAeT
BbInyCKaTb PaaHO3OHIbI npM BeTpe 6o.nee 15 M/ceK, a TaKHe BeTpb1 xapaK
TepHbl AJ151 rJIy6OKHX HHTeHCH:BHbIX 1&HKJIOHOB.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BbICOKHe UHKJIOHbI 3anaAHOrO CeKTopa ApKTHKH He ABJIAIOTCA OKKJIIOAH-
pOBaHHbIMH elue H nOTOMy, ZITO OHH H'MeIOT 3HaqHTeJIbHble CKOPOCTH nepe-
Me1ueHHA. TaK, no paCTIeTaM K. K. 4yKaHHHa H A. H. Par03HHa [8], cpeA'
HSIH r0AoBaA CKOPOCTb u'HKJIOHOB aJIA I IHpOT cesepnee 70? c. In. CocTaBJIAeT
39 KM/Kac. fI011'06Hble CKOpOCTH nepeMelueHHA XapaKTepHbl AJIA uHKJIOHOI;
B CTaLHAX MOJIOAor0 H MaKCHMaJIbHOrO pa3BHTH51.
CpaBHHBaM noJiy'IeHHble IaHHble 0 BbICOTe UHKJIOHOB 3anaaHoro CeKTopa
ApKTHKH C noao6HbIMH AaHHbIMH AJIA yMepeHHbIX 'H 6oJlee 1O?KHbIX inHpoT
[6, 9], MO)KHO OTMeTHTb 3aKOHOMepHbIH pOCT nOBTopAeMOCTH BbICOKHX
JIOHOB C yBeJI'H'leHHeM IlHpOTbI (Ta6JI. 2).
Ta6nu4a 2
nOBTOpseMOCTb IAHKJIOHOB pa3JIH'HOFI Bb1COTbI B 3aBHCHMOCTH
OT WHPOTbI McCTa
Bblcola I(HKAOHOB
ao 850 M6 I uo 700 M6 I 500 u
H BbIWe
70? c. W.
YMepeHHble IHHpoTbl
45? c. W.
fIPHBeAeHHble pe3yJIbTaTbI XopoIIIo corjlaCyIOTCA C AaHHbI'MH j}KeMca [10].
Ha OCHOBaHHH allajiH'3a MHorojieTHero MaTepHaJla OH npHiueJi K 3aKJIK)tle-
HHIO, LITO CpeAHAA 'HHTeHCHBHOCTb LHKJIOHOB H CpeAHAA KHHCTH'~IeCKaM 3Hep-
rH5I yBeJIHqHBaIOTCA C pOCTOM HIHPOTbI. 3T0, B CBOIO ogIepeAb, BeaeT K yBe-
JIH'neHHIO 3a'BHXpeHHOCTH H n'OBbIIIIeHHI0 BepTHKaJIbHOH MOILHOCTH UHKJIOHOB.
YBeJIHqeHHe nOBTOpAeMoCTH BbICOKHX LHKJIOHOB B 3anaAHOM CeKTOPP
ApKTHKH no CpaBHeHHIO C yMepeHHbIMH H 60Jiee K)SKHbIMH IIIHPOTaMH MOMKH0
O6,b5ICHHTb C TOIqKH 3peHH31 BHxpeBOH TeoPIIH. Ypa-BHeHHe BHXPA CKOPOCTH
MO}KHO npeACTaBHTb B BHAe
d~ dl 1 T dT du dv
-at- -v dy + T (ug ddx + vg dy) 02 + 1) dx + -dy
dQ dQ dw dv dw du ~1)
- (u dz + v dy) - dz -OZ ay vz
rje u, V- coCTaBJIAloluxe BeTpa no oc iM;
Q - BepTHKaJIbHa5I COCTaBJIAloluasI oTHOCH'TejlbHOro 'BHXpsI CKOpOCTH
dv du
dx-dy'
ug, 0g - COCTaBJIAIOIuHe reOCTpo(~HTIeCKOrO BeTpa no OCHM x, y;
1- napaMeTp KopnoJIHCa 1=2(u sin gyp;
w - yrJloBaA CKOpOCTb BpalueHHA 3eMJIH;
T - IIIHpOTa MecTa.
f1o pac,IeTaM TI. T. MaTBeeBa [7], OCH'OBHOH BKJIaa B H3MeHeHHe AaBJIe-
HHA B ueHTpe uH'KJIOHa BHOCHT reocTpa(4H iecxaH aABeKUHH TeMneparypbl,
T. e. BTOpOH gljieH ypaBHeHHA (1).
IIpH aBBexuHH xo ioja B uHKJIOHe
OT OT
(ug+vg_)>0
e. npOHCXOAHT yCHJIeHHe uHKJIOHHqecKOro BHxpH.
T.
fIpH aABeK1HH TenJIa B LHKJIOHe
dT dT
(ug ax + vg (9V ) G0,
T. e. 1 HKJIOHHgeCKHH BHXPb oCJla6eBaeT.
28
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
I1pH aBH)KeHHH uHKJIOHa c fora Ha ceBep aABeKL(Hft xojloia B 3anaAHOH
4aCTH 6yaeT ycHJIHBaTbCf, a aABeKILHM Tema B BOCTOt1HOH 4acTH - OCJIa6e-
BaTb. TaKHM o6pa3oM, AJIH I[HKJIOHa, aBHralouieroc5l Ha ceBep, 6yayT co3Aa-
BaTbcft 6JlaronpHATHble AJi 1 yrJIy6JI.eHHft yCJIOBHSI.
TaK KaK B 3anaAHbIH CeKTOp ApKTH'KH UHKJIOHbI nPHXOJL5T 4acTo c MepH-
AHOHaJIbHOH COCTa'BJIftIOLLjeH, TO 3,Ha4HTeJIbHbIH BKJIaA B H3MeHeHHe AaBJIe-
/ dll
HHH B IieHTpe IjHKJIOHa BHeCeT H uIHpOTHbIH 4JIeH t-Z1 dyJ. AHaJIH3 11HpOT
( dll
Horo 4Jlena `noxa3blBaeT, 4TO npH ABH~KeHHx uxKJIOHa c Iora Ha ce
cp v>0 (--) , uoi rpynnbl allTHLUHKJIOHOB 6bIJIO OTO-
6paHO no 60 paUH03OHaOBbIx loJ'beMOB, B OCHOBHOM no ipeH(byioiuHM CTaH-
LjHHM, H 'B OTJjeJlbHbIX cJiytlaSix no CTaHUHSIM 6yXTa THxaq HMbIC 4eJIIOCKHHa.
IIpH 3TOM OT6HpaJIHCb pa,'rHO3oHJIOBble nO1'beMbI, IOCTHriIIHe ypQBHSI TpOno-
Ilay3bl B JjHH C HCHbIM COCTOHHH'eM He6a.
KaK H3BeC'THO, KOJIHtIeCTBO Ha6J11OJjeHHH, He06x0ru1Moe JIJISI BbItIHCJIeHHH
\'CTOIigHBbIX cpeaHHX 3HaT4eHHH, onpeAeJlxeTCSi H3'MeHtIHBOCTbx) BeJIHgHH. h o-
CKOJIbKy paCCMaTPHBalOTCSI BbICOKHe allTHLUHKJIOHbI TOJIbKO Haa [.LeHTpaJlb-
HOi ApKTHKOH, C(.))OpMHpOBaBHIHeCH B OJIHOpoJIHbIX B03JIyulHbIX MaCCaX, H3-
McHtIHBOCTb TeMnepaTypbl B LjeHTpaJIbHOH qaCTH allTHL1HKJIOHa He3HatIH-
TeJIbHa. 9TO rIOjTBep}K,'.jaeTCSI BeJIHtIHHaMH cpeJIHeKBaJjpaTHtIecKHX OTKJIOHC-
HHH TeMnepaTypbl B IjeHTpaJIbHbIX tiaCTHX BTOpOH rpynnbl allTHUHKJIOHOB
(Ta6J1. 1).
BeJIH'IHHbl cpeaHCKBa,gpaTHgeCKHX OTKJIOHeHHN TeMnepaTypbl
BblcoTa B IjeHTpaJlbHbIX 9a.CTAX
p,JIA CeMHnaJIaTHHCKa,
,LLJIA YpanbCKa
(KM) allTIIIAHKJIOHOB
1945-1951 rr.
1950-1953 rr
(n) P. T. OpJIOBOH)
.
3,0
8,8
6,6
2,4
6,5
5,5
3,0
6,0
5,3
3,0
5,5
4,6
2,7
4,7
4,5
BbILiHCJIeHHe cpeJIHeKBajpaTHtiecKHX OTKJIOHeHH1 HpOH3BOJIHJTOCb no npH-
6JIH)KeHHOI (popMy.ne
n _ 1 (1)
I:je X1 - X, - OTKJIOHeHHe OTJjeJIbHbIX H3MepeHHH OT cpejHeH BeJIHgHHbI;
n - 4IHCJIO Ha6JIloJjeHHH.
H3 aHaJIH3a aaHHbIX, npeJICTaBJIeHHbIX ?B Ta6JI. 1, BHJIHO, 'ITO B npe2ejiax
TpOHOC(~epbl 4HCJIOBble 3HatleHHH cpe,1HeKBaLpaTHtIeCK'HX OTKJIOHeHHI TeM-
IlepaTVpbI KOJIe6JIIOTCH B npejjeJlax 3?. BeJIH'IHHa a JIJISI ueHTpaJIbHbIX tiacTeH
allTHLIHKJIOHOB BTOp0H rpynnbl HBBeJIHKa no CpaBHeHH10 CO 3HatieHHHMH a,
I3bIgHCJICHHbIMH P. T. OpJIOBO1 [51 3a XOJIOJjHbIH nepHojj (c Hosi6pi no MapT)
JuuIn CeMHna,rlaTHHCKa H YpaJIbCKa He3aBHCHMO OT CHHOnT'H4IeCKOFO nOjio>Ke-
HHSI (Ta6J1. 1). 3TO yKa3bIBaeT Ha yCTOIt1HBOCTb 3HatieHHH TeMnepaTypbl,
IICHOJIb3yeMb1X IJ12 BbIgIHCJIeHH51 CpeaHHX 3Hat1eHHH Ha CTaH,gapTHb1X BbICOTaX
B aHTHLIHKJIOHaX.
To'THOCTb BbIgHc,IeHHH cpeaHero apH(j'MeTHtIeCKOFO 3Hat1eHH51 xapaKTepH-
3yeTC5I cro cpeJHei OIIIn6KOH M, KOTOpaft BbIL111CJ15I7aCb HO O)opMyJIe
m=?
(2)
y
n
r,1e in - cpe,1HH51 oLHH6Ka Cpe,JHero apH(j)MeTHtICCKOrO
c; - cpeLlHee KBa,jpaTHtleCKOe OTKJIOHeHHe;
n - gHCJlo Ha6 JI-o,2eHHH.
BbIgllCJICHHble 3HatleHHSI m Hpe,lCTaBJIeHbI B Ta6JI. 2. 1'13 aHa.7H3a 3THX
,jaHHblX MO}KHO BHJjeTb, 9TO 3Ha'IeHHSI nl HaXOJj5TCH
oH,]Hp0'BaHHn.
3 III)o6.leMb1 ApKTIIKII H AHTal)KT}IKII, BbII7. 3
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta6nut.4a 2
CpeAH98 owH6Ka cpeAHeA TeMnepaTyp61 Ha cTaHAapTHbix BblcoTax
BO BTOpo1 rpynne allTHUHKJ10HOB
BbICOTa
(KM)
B UeHTpanbHb1X 9aCTBX
alTHAHKJIOHOB
Rim CeMHnanaTHHcKa
(no P. T. OpnoBOH)
TaKHM o6pa3oM, 60 paaH030HaOBbIX nOf'beMOB B L[eHTpaJIbHbIX 4aCTHX
allTHLLHKJIOHOB, Bb16paHHble AJIH 18 aHTHL[HKJIOHOB 3a 1950-1957 rr., ao-
CTaTOtIHO Haae)KHbI RJIB Bb1LIHCJIeHHH a3pOKJIHMaTH4eCKHX CpeAHHX.
0,4
0,3
0,4
0,4
0,3
0,7
0,6
0,6
0,5
0,5
PHc. 3. PacnpeAeneane cpeAHei cKOpOCTH BeTpa H cpeAHeH TeM-
nepaTypbl B UeHTpanbHbIX 9acTHX aHTHUHKJIOHOB (no AaHHbIM 3a
1950, 1954, 1955, 1956 H 1957 rr.).
I - cpeAHBB TeMnepaTypa B nepaoB rpynne allTHUHKnoHOB; 2 - GPeAHHB
TeMnepaTypa BO BTOpotI rpynne allTHUHKJIOHOB; 3 - CpeAHHH CKOpOCTb
BeTpa B nepBOtl rpynne aHTHUHK.7OHOB; 4 - cpeAHBB CKOpOCTb BeTpa BO
BTOpott rpynne allTHRHKJIOHOB.
PaOCMOTPHM a3pOKJIHMaTHqeCKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH McTeopOJIOrHUeCKHX
3JIeMeHT'OB B L[eHTpaJIbHbIX 1TaCT'51X BbIJeJIeHHbIX rpyn'n aH'THL[HKJIOHOB.
Cpe,aHHe 3Ha'-IeHH51 TeMHepaTypbI H BeTpa Ha 'CTaHaapTHbIX BbICOTaX npH-
Be11eHbI 'B Ta6Ji. 3 H Ha pHC. 3. 1'13 3THX jaHHbIX cJI'e. yeT, LITO nepBaH rpyuna
allTHUHKJIOHOB, 0006eHHO B HH)KHeiI TpOnOC(pepe, 'HMeeT 3HagHTeJIbHo 6oJlee
I'H3KHe TeMnepaTypbl, LIeM BTOpa5I rpynna. Ha BbICOTe 1-1,5 KAt Te'Mnepa-
T'ypHbIl1 KOHTPaCT Me}K,II,y BbIJjeJI'eHHbIMH rpynrlaMH aHTHUHKJIOHOB H'BJISIeTC5!
HaH6oJIbLLIHM. Ua}Ke Me)KL y CpeaHHMH TeM'nepaTypaMH OH aOCTHraeT 10e.
B OTAeJIbHbIX }Ke cJiyqaxx pa3HOCTb Me)Kay 3HaLleH,HHMH TeMnepaTypbl Ha
3THX yPOBHHX JOCTHraeT 25?. C BbICOTOIi pa3'HOCTH cpeJ HeH TeMIIepaTypbl
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta6nuya 3
PacnpeAeJIenne cpe) Heii TeMnepaTypbl H cpeAHei% CKOPOCTH BeTpa B geHTpanbnblx
vacTSlx aHTHLIHKJIOHOB nepBOi% H eTOpofi rpynn
BbYCoTa
(KM)
CKOpOCTb BeTpa
CKOpOCTh BeTpa
(MiceK)
(M/ceK)
0
-37?,1
2,2
-29?,7
3,2
0,2
-30,6
6,8
-24,3
8,5
0,5
-26,7
7,2
-18 ,0
8,7
1,0
-25',1
7,1
-15 ,8
9,4
1,5
-25,0
7,5
-16,4
8,7
2,0
-25,7
7,1
-18,1
9,4
2,5
-27 ,1
7,8
-20,0
9,8
3,0
-29 ,1
8,6
-22 ,9
9,7
4,0
-33,8
9,8
-28 ,1
10,7
5,0
-39 ,7
11,3
-34,5
11,1
6,0
-46 ,0
12,6
-40,9
12,9
7,0
-52 ,3
13,8
-47 ,7
14,4
8,0
-57 ,4
15,0
-54 ,9
15,6
9,0
13,7
-59 ,4
16,4
10,0
11,3
-61 ,3
13,8
11,0
-59,8
12,0
-58 ,5
13,0
-57 ,8
14,0
-57 ,8
Me KJ1y ueHTpaJIbHbIMH 'IaCTHMH o6eHX rpynn nOCTeneHHO y6bI,BaIOT, OCO-
6eHHO B BepXHefi Tponoc(pepe.
HeT 3HagHTeJIbHOrO OTJIH'-IH$I ,H 'B XapaKTepHCTHKaX HH>KHef rpaHHubI Tp0-
nOnay3bl B UeHTpaJIbHbIX TIaCTHX aHTHUHKJIOHOB nep,BOfi H BTOpO1 rpynn:
CiepBaa rpynna BTOpaa rpynna
Cpe1H51w BbICOTa (KM) 8,76 9,35
CpeAHasl TeMnepaTypa -63? -63?
TaKHM o6pa3oM, pa3JIHqHH B pacnpeJLeJIeHHH TeMnepaTypbl B BbIi1eJIeH-
HbIX rpynnaX allTHIIHKJIOHOB OTMe4a1OTCH B OCHOBHOM B HH KHe1 TpOHOC(~epe
H C BbICOTOfi yMeHbmmaloTCH.
Ka1K H3BeCTHO, XapaKTepHOIi oco6eHHOCTblo pacnpeL eJleHHH TeMnepaTypbl
B aHTHUHKJIOHaX HBJIHeTCH HaJImHe HHBepCHg; B 3HMHHX aHTHUHKJIOHax -
3T0 o6bIlqHO paJlHa11HOHHb1e HHBepcHH, nepeXOJ1HIL1He B aHTHL1HKJIOHHgecKHe
IIHB'epCHH B CBO6OJ1HOH aTMoc(pepe.
PaCCMOTpHM 3HatIeHHSI cpeJ He[i BepTHKaJIbHOIi MOI11HOCTH H HHTeHCHBHO-
CTH HHBepCHHi B o6eHX rpynnaX aHTHU14KJIOHOB. 3a BepTHKaJIbHyIo MOILIHOCTb
HHBepCHH MbI npnHHMaJIH pa3HOCTb BbICOT BepXHero H HH)KHerO C.IIOH, B KO-
TOPOM BepTHKaJIbHbI1i TeMnepaTypHbIfi rpa11HeHT 6bIJI 'BeJIH1IHHO k OTpHL1a-
TeJIbHOci HJTH paBeH HyJuo. 3a HHTeHCHBHOCTb HHBepCHH HpHHHMaJIaCb pa3-
HOCTb TeMnepaTyp Ha BepXHefi 'H HH}KHefi rpaH,Hue HHBepCHH, BepTHKaJIbHaH
MOI1IHOCTb If HHTeHCHBHOCTb HHBepCHH Onpe,r eJIHJIaCb JtJIH Ka}KJIoro rioabeMa
OT,II,eJIbHO, a 3aTeM nyTeM npOCTOro OCpeJ1HeHHH BbITIHCJIHJIHCb cpeJJHHe 3Ha-
geHH51 (Ta6Ji. 4).
3* 35
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IlepBaa rpyn:ia BTOpaB rpynna
Cpe.aHAA BepTHKaJIbHafl
MOIIjHOCTb HHBepCHN (KM) 1,62 1,21
CpejjHft i HHTCHCHBIIOCTb
HHBepcHH 12?,3 12,3
Ta6nuta 4
IIOBTOpceMOCTb ACHbIX H nacMypHmIX AHex H HOBTOpleMOCTb O6JIaKOB no HpyCaM
(B npo1 eHTax)
I'pynna
allTHIAHKJIOHOB
IlepBaa
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IIHKJIOHOB, 6o.Tee XOJIOaHbIX B HH}KHeI1 TpOnoc(()epe, B CpeaHeM HMeeT H
6oJIbIHyIO BePTHKaJIbHyIO MOIIIHOCTb HHBepCHH no CpaBHeHHIO CO BTOpOI4
rpynnok allTHIUHKJIOHOB, B TO BpeMSI KaK HHTeHCHBHOCTb HHBepCHH B o6eHX
rpynnax o,HHaKoBa.
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(Ta6JI. 4). rlaCMypHbIM CLIHTaJICH .aeHb, Koraa o6HjaH 06JIagHOCTb Ko.ne6a-
JIBCb B npeae.nax 8-10 6aJIJroB, SICHbIM - aeHb, Kor,ga o61ua5i o6JIa4IHOCTb
Haxoawiacb B -ipeaejiax 0-2 6aji.na.
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H cpeaxero xpyca, To npH nePBOii rpynne naCMypnoe CocTOxnne He6a o6y-
CJIOBJIeH0 npeHMylueCTBCHHO o6JIaKaMH B,epXHero Hpyca. TaKoe pacnpeaeJle-
HHe o6J1atJHOCTH CBHaeTeJIbCTByeT 0 McHbHleH BJIa}KHOCTH B03,jyxa npH nep-
BO13 rpynne aHTHUHKJIOHOB no cpaBHeHH1O C 'BJIa}KHOCTb1O B03ayxa npH BTO-
poH rpynne.
AHTHUH'KJIOHbI B'TOp01i rpynnbI ABJIAIOTCH 6ojlee HHTeHCHBHbIMH, LIeM nep-
BoFi. ECJIH B UeHTpaJIbHOM LIaCTH allTHUHKJIOHOB BTOpou rpynnbl IaBJIeHH,e B
CpeaHeM paBHO 1039 A16, To awiH IiepBOFi rpynnbI OHO HeCKOJIbKO McHbIIle H
PaBHO B CpeaHeM 1034 M6. BCJIeRCTBHe 3TOr0 Ha6JlioaaIOTC51 pa3JIHLIH51 H B
pacnpeae.nenHH CpeaHeH CKOPOCTH BeTpa. BoJIblIHe CKOPOCTH BeTpa XapaK-
TepHbl aJIH UHKJIOHOB BTOPOH rpynnbI, npHLleM MaKCHMaJIbHa1 pa3HOCTb B
CKOpOCTH BeTpa B HH)KHeH TponoC(~epe (2 M/ceic) Ha6.JIloaaeTcH Ha TOM }Ke
ypOBHe, rjje O'TMe'laeT'CH H HaH60JIbIiIHH KOHTpaCT B paCnpeaeJleHHH TeMne-
paTypbl.
B cpeanel=i H BepXHei Tponocc))epe pacnpeaeJleHHe cpeanei'l CKOpOCTH
peTpa B allTHUHKJIOHax o6eHx rpynn BbIpaBHHBaeTCH (Ta6JI. 5).
TaKHM o6pa3OM, aHaJIH3 a3poKJl4MaTHLIeCKHX XapaKTepHCTHK B Bblae-
JIeHHbIX rpynnax allTHUH'KJIOHOB nOKa3bIBaeT, TlTO B HH}KHei1 TpOnoC(lepe OHH
aeHCTBHTeJIbHO OTJIHLIaIOTCSI no paCnpeaeJleHHIO BCeX McTeOpOJIorHLIeCKHX
3JieMeHT'OB. DTH pa3JIHLIII5i BbI3BaHbI CBOIICTBaMH B03,jy1IIHbIX MaCC, B KOTO-
pbIX npOHCXOaHT (4OpMHpOBaHHe allTIIUIIKJIOHOB. TaK, o6pa3oBaHHe aHTH-
IUHKJIOHOB nepBOi4 rpynnbl, XapaKTepn3yl0TuHXCS1 6oJlee HH3KOH CpeaHeI TeM-
nepaTypon H BJIa)KHOCTbI0 B HH}KHeH T'ponoc Jepe no CpaBHeHHIO C aHTHUHK-
JIOHaMH BTOpOI4 rpynnbI, npoIIcXOJIHT B BblxoJIO?KeHHbIX B03AyWHbIX Maccax,
JJIHTeJIbHOe BpeMH Haxoa1(UHxcH HaJ[ ApKTHKOI HJIH KOHTHHeHTOM. B TO xce
BpeMH aHTHUHKJIOHbI BTOPOII rpynnbl o6pa3ylOTCSI B BbIHOCaX TenJIbIX H 6o-
Jlee BJIa}KHbIx B03ayTHHbIX MaCC, He yCneBaIO1uHX nOJIHOCTbIO TpaHC(popMHpo-
BaTbClT B apKTHLleCKyIO B03Ayu1HyI0 MacCy.
36
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta5.twt a 5
A3poKJIHMaTH4eCKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH allTHUHKJIOHoB nepBOA H BTOpoi% rpynn
F
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KaK FI3BeCTHO, CHHOHTHgeCKHe npOUeCCbI B ApKTHKe CB513aHbI C npouec-
caMH, HPOIICXWLHIUHMH B OCTaJIbHbIX '-IaCT5IX 3eMHOI'o nIapa. H03TOMy npa-
BHJIbHO rlOHHTb HX CYIUHOCTb MO}KHO JIHIIIb B TOM CJlytlae, ecim npoueccbl B
ApKTHKe 6yuyT H3y'IaTbCH B CB23H C o61ue6 UHpKyJISIuHe6 aTMOC4)epbl.
1-1pOBeaeHHb1i HaMH allaJI143 yCJIOBH11, npeauleCTByIOIUHX 06pa3OBaHH1O
allTHUHKJIOHOB nepBO6 rpynnbI (n0 KaTa,nory F. R. BaHreHreFiMa), nOKa3aJI,
qTO B 69% cjiyuaeB HX B03HHKHOBeHHio npeu1He0TBOBa.ia 3anaaHall chopMa
UM KyJISII1,Hli (W) aTMOCCpepbI. 1-1pH jaHHOIi (popMe UHpKyJI51UHH, KorJI,a Me}K-
, .ynlHpoTHblli o6MeH B03,gyXa nOT-ITH OTCyTCTByeT, B ApKTHLIeCKOM 6accei iie
C03JIaK)TCSI Han60Jlee 6JIarOnpH5ITHble yCJIOBHH JIJISI oTHOCHTeJIbHOro 3a-
THIlI1,5I H MaKCHMaJIbHOI'O BbIXOJIa}KHBaHHSI HH}KHHXCJIOeB aTMoc(lepbl. B 3THX
yCJIOBHHX ApKTHKa HCHbITbIBaeT nporpeCCHBHoe oxJIa}K,AeHHe [1]. ~tJISI TaKHX
i(epnoaOB XapaKTepHO pa3BHTHe OTPHUaTCJIbHbIX aHOMaJIH1I TeMnepaTypbI B
apKTTIIIeCKFiX Mop53X, ApKTHUeCKHF1 )Ke 6acceuH B ueJiOM HpeuCTaBJIHeTCSI B
BHIIC OrpOMHOI'O pe3epByapa xoJio,Ja. DTH yCJIOBHSI CnOCO6CTBYIOT BO3HHKHO-
BeHHIO HH3KHX TepMHTIeCKHX allTHUiIKJIOHOB.
A. A. FHpC [3, 4] H C. T. Cep.nanoB [6] noKa3aJIH, TITO BO3HHKHOBeHHe
a,gBCKUHH TenJla Ha BbICOTe, HaJI TepMH'IeCKHM allTHUHKJIOHOM, Bb13BaiiHoA
CMeHou ([)opMbl aTMOC(jepHO6 UHPKYJI1UHH, rIPHBOJIHT K yBeJIHLIeHHIO ero Bep-
THKaJIbHOH MOIIIHOCTH.
O6pa3oBaHHe BbICOKOrO allTIIUHKJIOHa fPOHCXOJIHT no CJleayIoiuei CXeMe:
a) o6pa3OBaHHe H113K0r0 allTHUHKJIOHa, CB93aHH0rO C npeo6JlaJZaHHeM W
c)OPMbI uHpKVJIRUHH; 6) pa3BHTHe HH3KOr0 aHTHUHKJIOHa nO BePTHKaJIH aO
yPOBHSI nOBepXHOCTH 500 M6 H o6pa3oBaHHe 3aeCb BbICOTHOrO rpe6HlI, CB51-
3aHHOI'O C nepeXOUOM 3anaJIHO6 q)OPMbI UHPKyJI51UHH B McPHUHOHaJIbHy1O
(C) H BOCTO' HyIO (E); B) BbIHOC Teruia Ha BbICOTe H (~OpMHPOBaHHe Ha
VpOBHSIX 500 H 300 326 aHTHUHKJIOHOB C 3aMKHyTbIMH H3orHHCaMH (yCT069H-
Boe npe06JIa2aHHe E H C (])OPMbI UHpKVJIHIIHH).
HCXOUSI 113 CTPYKTYPHbIX OCO6eHHOCTeII allTHUHKJIOHOB H aHaJIH3a yCJ10-
BH1'I HX B03HHKHOBeHHSI, MO}KHO CKa3aTb, 'ITO no 3TOH CXeMe pa3BHBaeTCH
69% BbICOKHX aHTHUIIKJIOHOB nepBoI rpynnbI. I IpHMepaM1i TaKHX aHTHUHKJIO-
HOB SIBJISIIOTCH allTHUHKJIOHbl, Ha6JllouaBmHeCR 28 51HBap5I - 5 (PeBpajIA
1955 r., 10-13 q)eBpajisi 1955 r., 20-28 1HBap51 1956 r., 10-12 aeKa6pH
1957 r., 15-21 aeKa6pq 1957 r. OCTa,IbHble aHTHuHKJIOHbI 3T06 rpynnbI
(31%) B03HFIKaIOT npH MepHJIHOHaJIbHbIX q)OpMaX UHPKYJIHUHH (C, E).
AHa.IH3 CHHOrITH4eCKHX KaPT no'Ka3bIBaeT, LITO o6pa3oBaHHe aHTHUHKJIO-
MOB nepBON rpyHHbi MO}KeT npOHCXOJIHTb Ha j KOHTHHeHTOM B BbIXOJIo)KeHHbIX
B03J1 WHbIX MaccaX, 6JIH3KHX no CBOF1CTBaM K apKTH4eCKOMy B03ayXy. B03-
HHKIHHe allTHUHKJIOHbl npocJle}K'HBaIOTCSl Ha KapTax AT850 H HHOraa AT700.
CMeCT'IIBHIHCb no BeUynleMy HOTOKy B ApIKTHKy, OHH nonaaaIOT B o6JiaCTb
HHTeHCHBHOci aaBeKUHH TenJla, yCHJIHBaIOTC5I H, paCnpOCTpaHSIHCb no BbicoTe,
CTaUHOHHPYIOT. TaKHMH 6b1J1H aHT'HUHKJIOHbI, Ha6Jnou,aBIIIHecsl 12-30 Ma?pTa
1955 r. H 7-13 aeKa6p1 1958 r.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
AHTHUHKJIOHbl nepBOH rpynnbi MOT B03HHKaTb H B BbIHOCaX BbIXOJIO-
}KeHHbIX B03J YIIIHbIX MaCC Ha Ap'KTHKy C KOHTHHeHTOB. HanpHMep, B rpe6He
BbICOKOFO AaBJIeHHSI, HanpaBJIeHHOFO C KOHTHHeHTa, MO}KeT IIPOHCXOAHTb B03-
IIHKHOBeHHe AApa, a 3aTeM H CaMOCTOHTeJIbHOrO ueHTpa. BO3HHKHOBeHHe
aABeKLLHH Tema Ha BbICO'Te, 4aCTO ABYXCTOpOHHeI H3 aTJIaHTHKO-eBpa3HH-
CKOro H THXOOKeaHCKO-aMepHKaHCKoro ceKTOpa, C03aaeT YCJIOB'HSI AJISI npe-
BpaweHHA 3THX allTHUHKJIOHOB B BbICOKHe. TaK BO3HHK allTHUHKJIOH, Ha6JI10-
AasulHHCSI 25 cpeBpa.IA - 5 MapTa 1958 r.
TaKHM o6pa30M, allTHUHKJIOHbI 3TOH rpynnbi pa3BHBaIOTCSI CHH3y BBepX,
T. e. CHa4aaia aHTHL[HKJI'OH B03HHKa,eT BHH3y B BbIXOJIO}KeHHbIX B03JjYIuHbIX
Maccax, 3aTeM HHTeHCHBHaA a.ABeKUHSI Ten.ia Ha BbICOTe npespaluaeT ero B
BbICOKHH 6apH4eCKHH UeHTp, npoCJie}KHBaIO1UHHCSI B cpeaHeH H BepXHeH TpO-
noc(pepe. 14cxoASi H3 anaJIH3a yCJIOB'HH o6pa30BaHHSI allTHUHKJIOHOB H H3
pacnpeaejleHHSI a3POKJIHMaTH4eCKHX xapaKTepHCTHK, M-O)KHO ci e.iaTb Bbl-
BOA, 4TO 3Ta rpynna allTHUHKJIOHOB no BepTHKaJiH HeOAHOpOAHa H COCTOHT
H3 ABYX B03AYLUHbIX MaCC: B HH}KHHX 3 1CM - 113 BbIXOJIO?KeHHbIX B03AY1UHbIX
Macc, 6JIH3KHx n0 CBOHCTBaM K aPKTH4eCKOMY B03AyXy, B cpeAHeH H Bepx-
HeH Tponocq)epe - H3 Ter mom B03AyXa yMepeHHbIX H Cy6Tp0rIH4eCKHX
IIIHpOT.
AHa.IH3 yCJlO'BHH, IlpeLu1ecTByiou1Hx o6pa3OBaHHIO allTHUIlKJIOHOB BTOpOH
FpynnbI, nOKa3bIBaeT, 4T0 HX BO3HHKHOBeHHIO npeaiueCTBOBaJIH B OCHOBHOM
McPHAHOHaJIbHbie (popMbI UHP'KYJISIU'HH (C, E), HanpHMep, allTHILHKJIOHaM,
Ha6JIIOAaBIHHM,CH 1-10 MapTa 1955 r., 2-18 Jiexa6pM 1955 r., 3-9 cpeB-
pa. i 1956 r., 23 (peBpaJIH - 1 MapTa 1957 r., 3-20 MapTa 1957 r. H Ap.
(J6pa3oBaHH1o 3THX allTHUHKJIOHOB npeAu1ecTBOaaJI BbIHOC TenJ[a 'B TegeHHe
AOBOJIbHO npOAOJI}K'HTeJIbHOrO BpeMeHH. KaK H3BeCTHO [2], B ApIKTHKy HPH
3THX (popMax ILHPKYJIAIJ.HH npOHCXOAHT HHTeHCHBHbIH BbIHOC TenJla BO BOel
TOJILUe TpOIIOC())epbl.
1'13 aHaJIH3a KapT AT500 CJleAyeT, 4TO B nepHoA, npeluuecTByIOuiHH pa3-
BHTHIO BbICOKOFO allTHLUHKJIOHa, Ha6JIl0AaeTCH HHTeHCHBHaSI ABYXCTOPOHHASI
aABeKUHSI TenJia B OCHOBHOM H3 HH3KHX IUHpOT ATJiaHTH4eCKoro H THxoro
OKeaHOB, T. e. Pa3BHT'HIO BbICOKHX aHTHUHKJIOH'OB npeALUeCTByioT MepHAHo-
HaJlbHbie c))OpMbI (C, E) UHPKYJIAIIHH B MaKCHMaJIbHOH CTa1jHH pa3BHTHA.
A. A. FHpc [2] noxa3aJi, 4T0 B 3TOH CTaLHH pa3BHTHSI npOUeCCOB cpopM
UHPKYJISILIHH oTMe4aeTC5 cHMMeTpH4HOe paCnoJl'o)KeHHe rpe6Hel H JIO}K6HH
B aTTIaHTHKo-eBpa3HHCKOM H THXOOKeaHCKo-aMepH'KaHCKOM ceKTOpax ceBep-
Horo noJlymapHA.
06-bHCHHTb 06pa3OBaHHe BTOPOH rpynnbi allTHUHKJIOHOB HO BbIIIIeynOMH-
HyTOH cxeMe B03H'HKHOBeHH5I BbICOKHX allTHIUHKJIOHOB B ApKTHKe BeCbMa 3a-
TpyAHIITeJIbHO. MO)KHO npeAHOJiaraTb, 4T0 HHTeHCHBHaH aLB'eKUHSI TeHJla B
BepXHeH TpOnoc(epe HPHBOAHT nepBOHa4aJIbHO K 06pa3OBaHHiO aHTHUHKJIO-
HH4eCKOFO ueHTpa B BepXHeH Tponoc())epe, a 3aTeM BCJIeACTBHe Typ6yJIeHT-
HOrO nep'eMeIIIHBaHHSI HPOHCXOAHT nepeMemeHHe LjeHTpa H B HH}KHHe cJIOH.
BOJIee OAHOpO11H'aHi CTPYKTYpa allTHIIHKJIOHOB BTOpOH rpynnbl (no CpaBHe-
Iix10 c nepaoi rpynnoi) Ao HeKOTOpoi cTeneHH nOATBep}KAaeT 3T?O npeuno-
JTO)KeHHe.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, B 3HMHee BpeMSI roAa MaJIOrOABH)KHble allTHUHKJI'OHbI
B HH}KHeH TponoC())epe OTJIH4aIOTCSI n0 pacnpeueJleHHlo McTeopoiiorH4ecKHX
3JIeMeHTOB. 3TO, n0-BHAHMOMy, BbI3BaHO yCJIOBHSIMH, npeAIHeCTBY1OLUHMH
o6pa3OBaHH1O BbICOKHx aHTHUHKJIOHOB. B CJiy4ae, eCJIH allTHIIHKJIOHY B
ApKTHKe npejuueCTBOBaJia 3anaAHasI (popMa unpxyJISIuHH, ero cTpyKTypa
COOTBeTCTByeT aHT'H'IjHKJIOHaM nepBoH rpynnbl, B CJIy'ae McPHAHOHaJIbHbIX
())OPM UHPKYJISIUHH q)opMHpyeTCA CTPYKTypa allTHIIHKJIOHOB BTOp0H rpynnbl.
BCJieACTBH,e 3TOro CTPYKTYPy allTHLUHKJIOHOB B ApKTHKe ueJiFecOO6pa3HO paC-
CMaTPHBaTb B 'CBA3H C ())OpMBMH o61ueg IHpKYJIAUHH Ha) CeBepHbIM noJly-
LnapHeM.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1. B a H r e H r e x M F. SI. 0 Kone6aHHHx aTMOC4epHOH UHPKynHUHH Haa ceBepnwM no-
nymapneM. I'I3B. AKaA. HayK CCCP, cep. reorp. H reo(4H3., Ns 5, 1946.
2. r H p c A. A. K BOnpocy H3yeeHHB OCHOBHMX 4 OpM aTMOC4epHOF[ IHpKynsgHH. Me-
Teopon. H rHApon., Ns 3, 1948.
3. t H p c A. A. K BOnpocy H3y4eHHB o61gef AHPKynBIAHH aTMOC4epw. I43B. AKaA. HayK
CCCP, cep. reorp., Ns 4, 1955.
4. F H p c A. A. HeKOTOpble oco eHHOCTH CHHOHTHqeCKHX npogeccoB B APKTHKe H HX
CB93b c o6nleii iHpKynHAHeii aTMOc4 epbI. TpyAw FnaBH. reo()H3. o6cepB., Bwn. 56, 1956.
5. 0 p n 0 B a P. T. 0 AOCTaTO4HOCTH 9Hcaa Ha6atOaeHHH AJ1H nOny4eHHB B aapo iorii
cpeAHecf TeMnepaTypw 3aAaHHOH TOqHOCTH. TpyAw Ka3aX. Hay4HO-HCCn. rHApOMQT. HHCT.,
Bwn. 2, 1954.
6. C e p n a n o B C. T. Oco6eHHOCTH CHHOnTH4eCKHX npogeccoB B nepnOA pa6oTw Bw-
COKOnIHpoTHOli B03AyuIHo5 3KCneAHUHH 1956 r. C6opH. ~KIlpo6neMbI ApKTHKHp, Bun. 3, 1958.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1960 I7POBJIEMLI APKTHKH H AHTAPKTHKH NP 3
AHTAPKTHgECKHII CKJIOH H CKOPOCTb
CTOKOBO['O BETPA
JO Mrr CBeJIeHHH o6 AHTapKT'HKe 6bIJTH KpaiHe CKYJjHbIMH. Ha6.nIoJje-
H1451 B pa3JIHUHble HeHpO3oJI}KHTeJIbHble nepHubl HPOBOJLHJIHCb TOJIbKO B OT-
JjCJ(bHbIX McCTaX npH6pe>KHoi 30HbI. O6HIHpHble 'Tpy;iHOJjoCTynHble npo-
CTpaHCTBa KOHTHHeHTa oCTaBamIHCb HeOCBeLueHHbIMH. BO BpeMB Mrr H B no-
CJIeJjyIOHjHN 3a HUM nepFu Me}KAYHaPOJLHOrO COT'pyxHH'IeCTBa CBe,3eHH5T o6
AHTaPKTHKe 3HagHTeJlbHO fOHOJIH'HJIHCb. Teii He McHee aaHHbIX, noJIy'laeMbIX
C HeHMOBepHbIMH YCHJIHBMH, BCe ace HeaoCTaTogHO. DTO o6B3bIBaeT K BOJIHO-
L(eHHOMy HX HCnOJIb3OBaHHI0. OgHHM H3 nyTeil B 3TOM HanpaBJIeHHH IBJIHeT-
CH YCTaHOBJIeHHe HOBbIX CBH3eIi Me?K,gy pa3JIHT-IHbIMH XapaKTepliCTH'KaMH.
B JjaHHOfi CTaTbe npe;ZnpHHBTa rlOnbITKa BbIHBHTb CBH3b Me)KJjy peJlbe-
(])OM H CTOKOBbIM BeTpOM.
Oco6eHHOCTbIo AHTapKTHJjbl BBJIHIOTCH CTOKOBble BeTpbl, HpeljCTaBJIHIO-
HiHe co6oii CHH)KeHHe HO CKJIOHy fOJj aefICTBHeM CHJIbI THN{eCTH BbIXOJIO}KeH-
HOrO B03JjyXa. OHH XapaKTepH3YTOTCH 60JIbIIIHMH CKOPOCTHMH (Ha no6epe}Kbe
15 M/ceK H 6ojiee) H yCTOHVHBbIM HanpaBJleHHeM.
CTOKOBble BeTpbI B 3Ha'-IHTeJIbHOI-l CTeneHH onpeJ JIHIOT Ha no6epe)Kbe
CB0eO6pa3HbIN TeMnePaTyPHblll pe)KHM, IOHH)KeHHYIO OTHOCHTeJIbHyIO BJIa}K-
HOCTb, Majiyio UOBTOpH,eMOCTb TyMaHOB H HH3KOII o6JIaT-IHOCTH, HyJIbCauiiH
aTMoc(j)epHoro IaBJIeHHH [3, 4, 5]. 1IepeHOCHMb1II npH CTOKe CHer H CHC)KHaH
nbIJIb C03Ja1OT pe3Koe pa3JIIlgHe B BHJ(HMOCTH B CTOPOHY MaTepHKa H Mopes.
BbIHOCHMbIII B Mope CHer COCTaBJIHeT CyLueCTBeHHy1o T-IaCTb CHe?KHO-JIeAHHoro
6aJIaH,ca KOHTHHeHTa H HBJIHeTCH Ba)KHbIM (J KTOPOM JjJIH ()OpMHpOBaHHH
MopcKoro Jlbaa [5].
3aBHCHMOCTb CKOPOCTH CTOKa OT XapaKT'epa CKJIOHa [2] M03KeT 6blTb npeA-
CTaBJIeHa B BHJje
v --2 /sk I g sin o,.,
(1)
rj e V -CKOpOCTb CTOKOBOFO Be pa y lOJjHO}KHH CKJIOHa;
S - npOTH3KeHHOCTb CKJIOHa;
a - yroJi HaKJIOHa CKJIOHa K ropH30HTy;
k - KO34)4)HuHeHT nponopljHOHaJIbHOCTH;
P - OTKJIOHeHHe HJIOTHOCTH OT ee 3HaTleHHH B nOJIO}KeHHH paBHOBecHH
B03JZyXa (npH OTCYTCTBH'H CTOKa);
g - YCKOpeHHe CHJIbI TH}KeCTH.
OTCIO,Ja BHJHO, TITO pa3BHTHe CKOPOCTeII CTOKOBOrO BeTpa TeM 60Jlblile,
T-IeM 60.TIbLHe HPOTB>KeHHOCTb CKJIOHa, erO HaKJIOH K rOpH3OHTy H CTeneHb Bbl-
XOJIa KHBaHHH Bo3Jjyxa. ,I1;JIH onpeaeJIeHHoro CKJIOHa, KOrJja S H a He McHH-
K)TCH, CKOpO,CTb BeTpa.3aBHCHT TOJIbKO OT BbIxoJIa)KHBaHHH. I103TOMY paJjHa-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
allOHHbie YCJIOBHSI B T'etieH'He roji'a 13 CyTOK 06ycJIOBJIHBaIOT roJZOBOFI H cy-
TOtIHbIFi XO,1 CKOPOCTH BeTpa.
flocae aOCTH}KeHHq CTeKa1O'uiHM B03AYXOM pOBHOiI IIOBepXHOCTH (a =0)
CKOPOCTb 6bICTpO 3aTyxaeT. HanpHMep, nO aaHHbIM H. 11. PycHHa H
F. M. Tay6epa,,CTOK Ha paCCTOSIHHH 10-12 KAb OT MHp1Ioro y}Ke He Ha6JIIO-
AaeTC51.
AJISI axaJLH3a CB3I3H CKOPOCTH CTOKOBOrO BeTpa H pejibe(pa B nepayi0 otle-
peab PaCCMOTpeHbI paIiOHbI MHpHOrO H CTaHUH'H Oa3HC. OHH JIyII1ne, tieM Ka-
KOii-JIH6o apyrofi pa%ioH BOCTOIIHOI3 AHTapKTHAbI, OCBem HbI McTeopojlorHtie-
CKHMH Ha6JIloaeHH5MH H aaHHbIMH 0 peJlbe()e. 110BbIHIeHHe Kyrio is .ieJisi-
Horo MaTepHKa n0 Mepe yaaJIeHHSI OT 6epera OKa3aJIOCb B03MO}KHbIM npeA-
CTaBHTb allaJIHTHTieCKH. Bblpa)KeHH,e BbICOTbI KaK (JyHKgHH pa,CCTOSIHHSI OT
6eperoBOi3 tgepTbl B03BOJISIeT onpejieJiHTb npeBbliueHHe B JII06oiI T04Ke npo-
(4HJI51, HOCKOJIbKY HeJIHHefHOe B03paCTaHHe BbICOT 'HCKJIIOtiaeT HenocpeA-
CTBeHHyIO HHTepnOJISIuHIO. KpoMe Toro, COIIOCTaBJIeHHe pa3JIHtIHbIX np0q)HJIeFI
6o.ree ueJlecoo6pa3H'o npH allajIHT'HtieCKOM -HX Bblpa}KeH'HH. B 3TOM cjlytlae
BbISIBJISIK)'TCSI TaKHe '0006eHHOCTH npo(])HJleii, KOTOpble c ytleTOM CB513H Me)KAy
CKOPOCTb1O CTOKOBOrO BeTpa H peJlbe(poM aa10T BO3MO)KHOCTb oueHHTb BbI-
COTbI H XapaKTep HX H3MeHeHHSi Ha npH6pe}KHbIX ytlacTKax OKJIOHOB, He OCBe-
njeHHbIX rHncoMeTpHtleCKHMH aaHHbIMH.
Flo JiaHHbIM A. (D. TpeIHH'HKOB'a [6], BblpaxceHHs JiJISI BbICOT noJlytieHbi
rl?pHMeHHTeJIbHO K np0q)HJIIO MHpHbIki - KOMCOMOJIbCKasI. Pe3yJIbTaTbl no-
JIeTa B. A. ByraeBa H E. H. ToJICTHKOBa [1] noCJly}KHJIH OCHOBOfI aJ151 (pop-
MyJI n0 npo(I)HJI1o Oa3HC - TOtIKa 73?52' Io. III., 105?25' B. ji. 3TOT np0(})HJIb
llapa.IJleJleH nepsOMy. flpH nOJrytieHHH COOTH0meHHN aJISI nepBbix 50 Km HC-
nOJIb30'BaHbI KaPTbI paH-OHOB MHpnoro H Oa3Hca.
O61uax npOT51)KeHHOCTb ytiaCTKOB, HO KOTOPbIM noJlytieHO aHaJIHTHIIeCKOe
npeACTaBJIeHHe 0 BbICOTax, OrpaHHtIHBaJIOCb TeM paCCTOHHHeM OT 6epera,
Koraa tieTKO BbIpa)KeHHblfi noJ beM npexpauiaJ1c5q HJIH HOBbIIUeH-HH peJlbe(pa
HagHHaJIH gepejiOBaTbC51 C noHH}KeHHSIMH. 14CXOji51 143 3Toro, Ha nePBOM npo-
I~mJie 6paJIOCb paCCTO5IHHe a0 KOMCOMOJIbCKOH (870 KAt). UpOTSI}KeHHOCTb
BTOporO np04)HJISI - 862 KAi.
3aBHCHMOCTb BbICOTbI h OT pacCT'05IHHH S ya06'Hee npeACTaB'HTb cTeneH-
HOH q)yH-KuHeI3 h=as1, a AJ15I HePBbIX aecgTKOB KHJIOMeTpOB, KPOMe Toro,
elue H TieTblpextIJIeHOM h=Ao+Ais+A2s2+A3s3. Ko3(p(1HuHeHTbI Ao, A1, A2,
A3 onpeaeJISIJIHCb H3 cHCTeMbI ypaBH'eHHH, COCTaBJIeHHOH HO pe3yJIbTaTaM
H3MepeHHf BbICOT. 06e 3aBHCHMOCTH no16HpaJIHCb TaK, IITO6b1 oIBH6KH HPH
HcHOJIb3OBaHHH 4)opMyJI 6bIJIH HaHMeHb1JJHMH [7]. aJISI npOCTOTbI 3arIHCH aHa-
JIHTHtiecKHe BbICOTbI OTHOC'HJIHCb K YPOBHHM MHpnoro HJIH Oa3Hca. 11peBbl-
uieHHe TOtIKH Hu YPOBHeM MOp5i HOJlytlaeTCSI HyTeM HPH6aBJIeHHSI 'K BbItIHC-
JIeHHOMy 3HatieHHI0 OTMeTOK MHPHoro (30 At) HJIH Oa3Hca (20 Ai).
C ueJIbIo ynpoUleHHSI BbIIIHCJIeHHbIX BbICOT H JiytIiuerO HX COBnaaeHH. C
H'3MepeHHbl'MH np 4JHJIH nojipa3,ieJISIJIHCb Ha OT1eJIbHble ytlaCTKH. Ha BCeX
ytlaCTKaX 3HatbeHHH K034I4)HUHeHTOB sac H R pa3JIHtIHbI. EAHH'Oe Bblpa}KeHHe
h(s) J[JISI BCeX ToxieK CKJIOHa 6bIJIO 6bI 60JIee CJIO}KHbIM H MaJIO npH'rOJixbIM
AJISI ero HCHOJIb30BaHHSI.
OTHOCHTeJIbHaH nOrpeuIHOCTb oueHOK BbICOT HO (])OpMyJIaM B O6UZeM KO-
JIe6JI'eTCSI 'OT 0 . o ?5%. UJIq yaaJIeHHI3, npesbUua1OUjHX 100 KM, norpeui-
HOCTb He npeBbruiaeT 3%. C ytreTOM BeJIHtIHHbI H 3HaKa OTKJIOHeHHSI BbItI'HC-
,TeHHbIX BbICOT OT (paKTHtleCK'HX TogHOCTb OueHIKH BbICOT HO COOTH01IIeHHAM
MO}KeT 6bITb 3HatIHTeJIbHO n0'Bb1uI'eHa.
110 3HalieHHSIM BbICOT Ha 1,5; 5,5; 7,2; 10; 13; 22; 35; 43 H 50-M KHJIO-
MeTpe, CH5ITbIM C KapT pafOHa MHpnoro, no.iytlena 3aBHCHMOCTb
h (s)=-12,1 + 42,13?s-84,3.10--2.s2 + 7,23.10-3?s3. (2)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ho H3MepeHHbIM BbICOTaM Ha 50, 100, 150 H 200-M KHJIOMeTpe B HanpaB-
.IeHHH MHpHb1H - fIHOHepcKaH
h (s)=-19?s--4,45.10-2?s2. (2*)
3660y
'PHC. I. 1l3MepeHHble (1) H Bb19HCJIeHHble (2, 3) BbICOTbI penbe(pa Hal ypoBHeM
MOpI Ji n i npo(mHJIeN MHpHOrO (M) H Oa3HCa (0). BbIgHCJ1eHHble: 2-no CTe-
neHHOA 3aBHCHMOCTH; 3-no COOTHOIIIeHHIO (2).
Pa3HOCTH Me}Kay BbI4HCJIeHHbIMH nO COOTHOUJeHHIO (2 *) H H3MepeHHbIMH
BbICOTaMH Ha OTMe4eHHbIX yaaJleHHbIX OT 6epera coorBeTCTBeHHO COCTaBJIHIOT
+44, -45, +25 H -10 M.
CTeneHHble (pYHKI(HH Ha pa3HbIX ygaCTKax 3TOrO np04)HJIS1 (KHJIOMeTpbl
IIOKa3aHbI HH1LeKCaMH y h) HMeIOT BHa:
h 5_13=50,27 ? s0.asa (3)
h3_50=158,1 ?s0,4217 (4)
hso_1 =23,02?x0,907, (5)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
h 5o-ISO=166,7 ? s0,477 ,
h 50-640 = 243,3. so,4017
02108
hM 6-10-870 - 687,4- s
(6)
(7)
(8)
Ho aaHHbIM KapTbI paHOHa Oa3HCa, JIJISI ero np0(4HJISI Ha HepBbIX 55 KM
OT 6epera y,?lOBJIeTBOp'HTeJIbHOcI OKa3aJIaCb TOJIbKO CTeHeHHa5I 3aBHCHMOCTb.
IIpH 3T'OM HH'TepBaJlbI HpI4IH70Cb HO CpaBHeHHIOCMHpHbIM 6paTbMeHbWHMH.
B pe3yJlbTaTe nOJIyqeHO:
h0 13=6,252.s1,31 (9)
h? _16 16,5 = 0,05837. S3,1322 (10)
110, 0 6181 (11)
165-ss= 67,12 8
h88-157=41,44?so,7272 , (12)
h ll,,7-358 182,1 ? SO, 1335 (13)
h3 8-610 = 306,8 ? so,3448 , (14)
hOt0-722 =1439 ? SO, 1038 (15)
11?2-862 =423,6. s0,2896 (16)
OKp'yrJIeHHe KO3C4 HUHeHTOB He paUHOHaJIb110, TaK KaK HPH 3TOM OTKJIO-
HCHHH Bb1tIHCJI5IeMbIX BbICOT OT HCXOJ[HbIX uaHHbIX CTaHOBSITCSI 3HayHTeJ1b-
HbIMH.
Cor.lacae HpHBeJ[eHHbIX COOTHOH1eHHIi C HCXOJJ,HbIMH JjaHHbIMH MO>KHO
BaieTb Ha paC. 1. BaxcHo, 'ITO B03pacTaHHe BbICOT Ha BCex yLIaCTKax 06OHX
npo(puJlef HpOHCXOaHT no CTeneHHOMy 3aKOHy. UJISI 06oHX Hpo()HJIe1 Bblpa-
3KeHHe BO3paCTaHHH BbICO'T 3Ha'-IHT'eJIbHO yHpoajaeTCSI CO 150-FO KHJIOMeTpa,
Ha'iHHaSI OT KOTOpOI'O H3MeHeHHe BbICOT Ha 6OJIbIHHX npOTSI}KeHHSIX (200 KM
H 6ojlee) OHHCbIBaeTCH npOCTbIM COOTHOLHeHHeM.
CB5I3b ME)K,aY CTOKOM H PEJIbE(DOM HA fPO4PHJI9X
MHPHOI'O H OA3HCA
CorJ(acHO ypaBHeHHIO (2) Ha HepBbIX 40 KM Hp0(MHJISI MHpHOrO BbICOTbI
HeyKJIOHHO B03pac-Ta1oT, a HaKJIOH yMeHbmaeTCSI OT 42,1 . 10-3 (HJI'H 225')1
B6JIH3H MHpHOrO 40 9,3-10-3 (Him 35') Ha paCCTOSIHHH 40 KM OT Hero.
IIpH CTeHeHHO13 3aBHCHMOCTH BbICO'TbI h=asp OT paCCTOSIHHSI KO3(p(p11-
IjHeHT N yKa3blBaeT Ha H3MeHeHHe yrjIa HaKJIOHa peJIbe(pa no Mepe yaaJle-
HaSI B rJly6b MaT'epHKa. ECJIH N I
yrOJI Bo3paC'TaeT.
,gJIH COHOCTaBJIeHH' Hp0()HJIH MHpaoro H Oa3HCa pa36HTbI Ha y'IaCTKH
B COOTB?eT'CTBHH C TeMH HHTepBaJIaMH, K KOTOpbIM OTHeCeHbI 3aBHCHMOCTH
bbICOTbt OT y4aJIeHHSI B rJIy6b KOHTHHeHTa. CpeJ[HHe OTHOHJeHHSI BbICOT o6oax
HpOq)HJIeli H 3Ha'IeHHSI HaKJIOHOB npe4CTaBJIeHbI B Ta6J1. 1. YKa3aHHble Be-
JIHLIHHbI B3STbI HO HX 3Ha'1eHHSTM Ha KOHL ax y'aCTKOB. H3 Ta6J1. 1 CJieayeT,
'TO Ha BCeM HpOTA)KeHHH OTMeTKH BbICOT n'epBoro HpoC1HJTH 6OJibTHe OTMe-
TOK BbICOT BTOporo. Ham60JlbLUH,e pa3JIH1IH51 BbICOT OTHOCSITCSI K nepBblM
17 KM. 1-1pM J wlbHeAnleM y,4aJIeHHH npeBblHleHHe Ma.IO McHHeTCSI.
HaKJIOHbI Hpoq)HJIei cyljeCTBeHHO OTJIH'IaIOTCSI Ha HepBbIX 50 KM OT 6e-
pera H 3HaII'HTeJIbHO McHbine Ha noCJIe4V1ommx 50 KM. Ha ytIaCTKe 100-
I 10-3 noTOMy, 'ITO BblcOTa Hc9HcJIHeTC5I B McTpax, a yAaJIeHHe - B KHJIOMeTpax.
B AaJIbHeNHIeM HaKJIOH 6yaeT yKa3blBaTbc5i 6e3 MHO KHTeJIH 10-3.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
600 KM HaKJIOHbI O6OHX npo(JH.nei 6JIH3,KH. BocnoJIb3y,eMCH nOJlyLieHHbIM pa-
Hee [2] COOTHOI IeHHeM
vM-vR=2sk - P P g sin a
H 3aMeTHM, LITO aJIH MaJIbIX 3HaLIeHHII yr,na a sin a =tga=hi(s). II03TOMV
!IJIH i-ro ygaCTKa, KOHljbl KOTOpOI'O yJZaJIeHbl OT 6epera Ha paCCTOHHHe a H b
KHJIOMeTpOB, MO)KHO HanHCaTb
vg-va= 2slk dPP gh',
rae S1 - HPOTH}KeHHOCTb i-ro yLIaCTxa.
Ib 2b 30 40 60 60 6o do 90 100 IIO 170 130 140 160 160 Ito 160 140 200 HM 1911 V
0 60 i I 260 260 300 360 400 460 560 660 600 660 7 760 600 411 npl+ v = 10
PHc. 2. COOTHoweHHe Me) ay nPOTn}KeHHOCTblo CK.IIOHOB H yrnaMH Hx HaK.nona
^PH CKOPOCTH CTOKOBOrO BeTpa a0 5 H 10 h?/ceA.
O60311a, mB 2 k pPg=A H npOH3BeJIH CyMMHpOBaHHe HO BCeM yLiacTKaM
TPOCI)HJIH, nOJIVLIHM
vn-vs =A~ S1h, .
(17)
3aecb v , - CKOPOCTb CTOKOBOrO BeTpa Ha no6epe)Kbe, a Vs - CKOPOCTb ero
Ha yL[aJTeHHH S KHJIOMeTpOB OT 6epera.
,UJIH onpejedTeHHH A BOCHOJIb3yeMCH Cpe. HHMH 3HaIeHHHM11 CKOpOCTH
C.TOKOBOFO BeTpa B MHPHOM H Ha IIHOHepCKoH. B ATOM c.-lyLlae un= 15 M/cek,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
v5 =10 M/ceK. Bepx 3HatIeHHH H'HTepBaJIOB S i H CpeAHHX HaKJIOH'OB h,' H3
Ta6JI. 1, IIOJIyxIHM qHCJieHHoe 3HatleHHe A=43,6-10-3. I'ICHOJIb3ySI nojlyqeH-
Hoe 3Ha'-IeHHe A, no COOTHOIHeHHIO (17) MO)KHO OI.jeHHTb CKOpO?CTb CTOKa B
JI10'601i T'OgKe ripo(p'HJISI MHpHbIIi - I-IHOHep,CKaSI HJIH BbICOTy 3TO1i TOVIKH.
6? 44'1 1
6?I '
4 ? 63'
4 ? 3151
4?1 '
4? 01'
3?44'
3? 27'
]? 67'
Z?3' 46
n
i6o 260 300 4 0 600 660 760 800 960 1000 1100 Qoo I 400 1600 1600 1700 1800 NM P. V.15
PHc. 3. COOTHOIDeHHe Me?KAy npOTH}KeHHOCTbiO CKJIOHOB H yrJiaMH HX HaKJIOHa
npH CKOpOCTH cToKoBoro BeTpa Ao 15 H 20 M/cex.
OTHOIHeHHe
BbICOT
MHPHbiH
Oa3HC
HaKJIOHbI
MHpHbIfi
0-7 17-13 1
13-
-16,5
16,5-150-88
- 50
1 88- 1
-100
100-
-1571
157-
-3581
358- 1
-610
610- 1722-
-722 -870
37,7
31,4
;14,3
10,06
12,7
12,7
8,1
4,4
2,5
1,6
1,2
2?10'
1?48'
49'
35'
44'
44'
28'
15'
9'
6'
4'
16,7
52,3
26,6
7,5
8,0
8,0
3,5
2,0
0,7
0,9
58'
1?32'
26'
28' 28'
12'
7'
3'
3'
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CKOpOCTH CT'OKOBOPO BeTpa, B03MO}KHbI'e npH pa'3JIHTIHOI-I KpyTH3He 'H np0-
T5I}KeHHOCTH CKJIOHOB, npeJLCTaBJI,eHbI Ha pnc. 2, 3. KpH'Bbie, npeJjcTaBJIHK)-
mHe JIHHHH paBHbIX 3HaT4eHHH CKOPOCTH (H30TaXH), nOCTPOeHbI Jjjift CKOpO-
CTe1t CTOKOBOrO BeTpa 5, 10, 15 H 20 M1ceK no COOTHOIDeHH1O S= 22,9y2, 1I0-
sin a
JlysleHHOMy H3 paBeHCTBa (1) TIPH yCJIOBHH 2 k PP g = 43,6. 10-3. M3
PHCyHKOB BHAHO, 1ITO HpH MaJi'OH KpyTH3He, HO 60JIbIUOFi JIJIHHe CKJIOHa Mo-
ryT pa3BHBaT'bCSI CHJIbHble CTOKOBble BeTpbI. FIOCJIeJ[HHe MOryT 6bITb 3HaLIH-
TeJIbHbIMH H Ha He60JIbIUOM, HO KPyTOM CKJIOHe.
PACHPEAEJIEHHE CKOPOCTH BETPA BAOJIb CKJIOHOB
MHPHOrO H OA3HCA
BOCnOJIb3yeMCH TpeMH Cnoco6aMH: 1) COOTHOII1eHHeM (17) H aaHHbIMH
Ta6JI. 1; 2) BblpaxceHHeM v(~ 15 VI---0,209 ? 10-3E1h' , BbIBOJj KOTOpOrO
3J1eCb He npHBOJ(HTC51; 3) aonyiueHHeM, I1T0 H3MeHeHHe CKOpOCTH CTOKa BJ[OJIb
CKJIOHa npOnOpuHOHaJlbH'O HaKJIOHy CKJIOHa Ha ero 'OTJ['eJIbHbIX 'y2IaCTKax; npH
3TOM OKa3blBaeTC51, 'ITO
dv =1,875. 10-3h' (s).
ds
Pacnpe,i[e.meHHe CKOpOCTeii CTOKOBorD BeTpa, OnpeAeJIeHHOe 3THMH CH000-
6aMH B pa3JIHLIHbIX TOi1KaX CKJIOHa MHpHbI13 - IZHOHepCKasI, npeucTaBJleno
B Ta6JI. 2. KaK BHJIHO H3 3T0I3 Ta611HubI, CKOpOCTb CTOKa no Mepe npH6JIH-
}KeHH51 K 6epery B03paCTaeT C yBeJIH44eHHeM HaKJIOHa. CTeneHb B03paCTaHHA
CKOpOCT'H CTOKa no Mepe npH6JIH3KeHH5I K 6epery 6yaeT B OCHOBHOM TaKOH
>Ke H npH JjpyrHX CKOPOCTHX CTOKOBoro 'BeTpa, Ha6JIIo1 alouieroc51 Ha no-
6epe)Kbe.
CKOpOCTb CTOKOBOPO BeTpa Ha pa3JHVHbIX paCCTO$IHHfX OT MHpnoro
(Ai/CBK)
0
10
20
30 1 40 1 50
75 1100
200
2501
300
1350
1 380
1
14,5
14,2
14,1
13,9
13,7
13,2 12,7
12,0
11,5
11,1
10,7
10,2
10,0
2
14,4
14,1
14,0
13,7
13,6
13,0 12,5
11,7
11,2
10,7
10,1
9,7
9,5
3
14,3
14,0
13,8
13,6
13,5
12,8 12,2
11,6
11,2
10,8
10,5
10,2
10,0
Cpe.aHasl
14,4
14,1
13,9
13,7
13,6
13,0
12,5
11,7
11,3
10,5
10,4
10,0
9,8
OTHOIIeHHe CKOpOCTe1i Ha 380-M KHJIOMeTpe npoc3HJleg MHpHOro H
Oa3Hca MO'ryT 6bITb npeJ1CTaBJIeHbI B BHae
v 0 380
E (sh')M
E (sh')o
me 3Ha'1KH 0 H M OTHOC5IT'CH K CKJIOHaM Oa3Hca H MHpHOrO. CYMMHpOBaHHe_
OTHOCHTCH K paCCTO5IHH1O 380-862 K.U. IIoc ie 1O11CTaHOBKH JjaHHbIX H3
Ta6JI. I nOJIy~IHM
OTCioaa cJleJiyeT, 11T0 eCJIH npeo6J1aaa10ujec CKOPOCTb}0 CTOKa 3HMOi4 aJISI
380-ro KHJIOM'eTpa CKJIOHa MHpHoro CL1HTaTb 10 MICEK, TO JjJI51 380-ro KHJIO-
McTpa CKJIOHa Oa3Hca npH Tex )Ke paJjxauxoHHbIx yCJIOBHHX HaH6oJlbnla5l
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IIOBTOPAeMOC'Tb 6yaeT HPHXOLHTbCSI Ha CKOPOCTb 8,7 MIceK. Toraa K 7-My KH-
J[OMeT'py OKJIOHa Oa3HCa, corjiaCHO paBeITCTBy (17), CKOPOCTb B03paCTeT a0
14 M/ceK.
Ho RaHHbIM F. M. Tay6epa 'H H. Fl. PydHHa [3, 5], CTOK B paf'oxe MHp-
Horo 3aTyxaeT Ha paccTOAHHH 10-12 KM OT 6epera. JipH cpeaHec CKOpOCTH
CTOKa B MH'PHOM 15 m1ceK K03(p(()HILIIeHT 3aTyXaHHA 3 MO)KHO OIUeHHTb H3
npear1OJIO>K'eHHA, T-ITO CKOPOCTb CTOKa Ha yaaJIeHHH 10 KM OT 6epera He ripe-
BOCXOIHT 1 MIceK, T. e.
vmaxe-Ss< 1,
HJIH 15e-10' = 1, oTKy,1a 6 =0,270'8. flepeHOCA 3Ha'-ieHiie ~ Ha palioH Oa3Hca,
,2JIH BeJIHT-IHHbI CKOPOCTH CTOKa Ha 3TOci CTaHUHH 6yieM HMeTb
v0=v7e- 0,2708.7 ,
rae v7 - CKOPOCTb CT'OKa Y HOaHO>KHA CKJIOHa, B 7 KM OT CTaHUHI1 Oa3HC.
flpH v7= 14 m1ceK v0 6yaeT paBHO 2,1 AM/ceK. ECJIH ace HPHHSITb BO BHHMa-
HHe CHJIbHO H3pe3aHHbIl3 pe.lbe(p pal(OHa CTaHILHH, TO B CaMOM Oa3Hc'e aa>Ke
3THX MaJIbIX CKOpOCTei CTOKa MO>KeT He 6bITb, TITO H OTMe'-IeHO Ha6JIIOae-
HHHMH flepBO1'i KOHT'HHeHTaJIbHOII 3KCneaHILHH.
Ha npOq)HTIe Oa3Hca CKOpOCT'H MO}KHO OnpeaeJIHTb TaK >Ke, KaK 3T0 BbI-
noJlHexo JIJISI pafOHa MHpxoro.
HPO4)HJIH B PAROHAX 3EMJIH AAEJIH, CTAHI[HV1 MOYCOH H JIA3APEB
PaCCMaTPHBaTb CBSI3b Me)Ka'y CKOPOCTb1O CTOKOBOI'O BeTpa H peJlbe(JOM
OKa3aJIOCb B03MO>KHbIM J JIH pali'OHOB 3eMJIH AaeJIH (140? B. JL?), CTaHILHI1
MOyCOH (60? B. a.) H ,JTa3apeB (13? B. a.). flpH 3TOM aaHHble O peJlbe(l)e
6pa.IHCb C KaPT, a xapaKTepHCTHKH IHOrOiabI - H3 JIHTepaTypHbIX HCTO4HHKOB
[4, 5 H ap.] H 143 coo'6HieHHH CO CTaHLHH .Ia3apeB.
I4CXO,iHbIMH aaHHbIMH aJIA CTeneHHbIX 3aBHCHMOCTel3 BbICOTbI h OT pac-
CT05IHH5I S CJIY>KHJIH HMe1OHLH2CA Ha KaJJTaX OTMeTKH (MOyCOH) 14JIH 3Ha4e-
HHSI H3orHHC. BO BCeX CJiy4asX HanpaBJleHHe npO(JHJIefl 6bIJIO B OCHOBHOM Ta-
KHM >Ke, KaK aJISI MHpHOrO H Oa3HCa. I"IHTepBaJIbI paCCTOSIHHH OT 6epera,
:1J151 KOTOpbIX CfPaBeaJIHBbI COOTHOIHeHHA h(s), YKa3aHbI HHaeKCaMH y h, OT-
HeCeHHbIX K YPOBHIO MOPS. floJIyTieHHble Bblpa>KeHHA HMeIOT B'Ha:
.1.1A 3eMJIH AaeJIH
h 12-23 =2,965?x1,707, (18)
h 23-50 =73'08.s?,675, (19)
Z:IA CTaHHHH MOYCOH
a.?IA CTaHUHH JIa3ap0B
h 35-88 =1076.s0.0951
h 88-197 = 384. s0,325I
,
r 197-2-92 =117,5.S0,55
h30-154 =22.s0,0195
h 154-171 =0,1473-S1,11143
(20)
(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
BbICOTbI, BbI4HCJIeHHble no IIpHBeJLCHHbIM Bblpa>KeHHAM, OTKJIOHAIOTCA OT
HCXO.HbIX aaHHbIX, 3a IICKJIK)4'eHHeM ejHHH4HbIX TogeK, He 60.nee 4eM Ha
?5%.
F1pH6JIH>KeHHy1O oueHKY BbICOT Ha HePBbIX 12 KM Hpo(-HJIA 3eMJIH AaejIH,
-j,IH KOTOpbIX HeT (caKTH4eCKHX aaHHbIX, MO>KHO HOJ1y4HTb H3 paC4cTa BblCOT
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HaJ1 ypOBHeM MOp1I TO4eK Ha 0, 1,5 H 12-M KHJIOMeTpaX npO(~HJIH MHpHoro
(30, 100 H 454 M), H3BeCTHbIX BbICOT Ha O H 12-M KHJIOMeTpaX'npO4)HJIH 3eMJIH
AAeJIH (40 11 200 M), a TaK}Ke JjaHHbIX 0 nOBbILLI HHH pe.tbecpa B palioxe
MHpHoro. B pe3yJlbTaTe B TO4Ke 1,5 KM npO(pHJIH 3eMJIH AJjeJI'H BbICO'Ty Hajl
ypOBHeM MOH MO}KHO C4HTaTb paBHOii 66 M.
TIpHHHMa51 CTeneHHOe BO3paCTaHHe BbICOT, H3 yCJIOBHH 66=c ? 1,5p x
200=a ? 12P MO}KHO fOJIy4HTb
h I-12 =53T18?s?,533. (25)
Hcxoji i H3 npeBbIlneHHli Hal[ 3JOBHeM MOPH TOqeK Ha 0 H 35-M KHJIO-
McTpax npo(H.nu MoycoH 1 ( 1 4 H 1485 M), a TaK>Ke Ha O m 30-M KH.noMeTpax
rlpo(pHJ1H Jla3apeB (25 H 500 M), allajiorH4HO no.nygaeM JIJIH paltoxa
MoycoHa
h 1-35 =81,87?s?815,
a j.,iH paiiOHa CTaHgHH JTa3apeB
h 1-30 =46,84?s0,696
(26)
(27)
HCnOTb3yA COOTHOIIIeHHM (25)-(27), nOJ1y4HM HaKJIOHbI npo(n uieii, He-
06XOjHMbIC J[JISI nOCJIeJjy1OnjHX OUeHOK CKOpOCTel( CTOKOBOI'O BeTpa.
Cpe,aHHf HaKJIOH OTAeJIbHbIX OTpe3'KOB 0-1, 1-5 H 5-12 KM CKJIOHa
3eMJzH Ai eJIH COCTaBHT 30,3, 20,7, 11,2. OnpeJ eJIHM cpe,IHHiI HaKJIOH Bcero
12-KHJIOMeTpOBOrO y4aCTKa CJleljytonjHM 06pa3OM. AJISi Ka}K,',joro OTpe3Ka
HaxjeM HpOH3BeieHHe CpejHero HaKJIOHa Ha ero JJ1HHy H 3aTeM CYMMY Bcex
ri0J1y4eHHbIX npOH3BeqeHHll pa3AeJIHM Ha o6U yto aJIHHY B35ITbIX OTpe3KOB.
IloJIy4eHHbIN TaKHM 06pa3OM CpeJ[HHIi HaKJIOH OKJIOHa 3eMJIH AAe iH Ha
nepBblX 12 KM COCTaBJISIeT 15,9. H,cxog5I }Ke H3 cpejjHerO HaKJIOHa TaKOro }Ke
y4aCTKa npo(~HJI51 MHpnoro, J[JISI nepBblX 12 KM npo(4HJISI 3eMJIH AAe.nH no-
JIy4HM HaKJIOH 15,5, 4T0 6JIH3KO K yKa3aHHOMy BbIlue 3Ha4eHHKO (15,9).
Cpe,jHHI[ HaKJIOH 35-KHJIOMeTpoBOrO y4aCTKa Ha CKJIOH,e MOyCOH COCTaB-
JiAeT 42,5 H 43,0. AJi i 30-KHJIOMeTpOBoro y4aCTKa CKJIOHa CTaH1[HH Jla3apeB
Cpe,jHHI[ HaKJ1OH OKa3blBaeTCSI paBHbIM 16,7 H 16,65.
I-IpaKTH4eCKH COBnaJjeHHe HaKJIOHOB npo(pHJlefl B patioHax 3eMJIH AJjeJIH,
CTaHuHN MOyCOH H Jla3apeB C BeJII14HHaMH, nOJIy4eHHbIM'H Ha OCHOBe npo-
(THJIH MHpHOro, YKa3b1Ba1OT Ha npHeMJieMOCTb COOTHouieHHI{ (25)-(27) H
061uH1i XapaKTep H3MeHeHH51 BbICOT, CBOIICTBeHHblc1 pa3JIHIIHbIM patiOHaM.
Cpe.',1HHe HaKJIOHbI Ha pa3JIH4HbIX y4aCTKaX npo(cHJIeHI npHBe,aenbl HH}Ke:
YnacTKH HaxnoHb- YvaCTKH HaKJIOHbI
(KM) (KM)
3eMnx AAeJH
0-1
30,3
1?44'
17-23
34,8
2?00'
1-5
20,7
1 11
23-33
24,0
1 23
5-12
11,2
0 39
33-50
14,8
0 51
12-17
33,4
1 55
PaAOH CT aHgHH MOyCOH
0-1
68,8
3?57'
40-50
3,3
0?12'
1-5
58,0
3 20
50-88
3,6
0 12
5-10
46,5
2 40
88-100
4,9
0 17
I Bt,tcoTbi Haa YPOBHeM MOpH CTaHgHH aIOPBIIJlb H MOyCOH nptiBeAeHbi no AaHHbzM
II. ,q. ACTaneHKO.
4 npo0iieM .i APKTHKH H AHTapKTIIKH, Bun. 3 49
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
10-20
40,9
2?20'
100-157
4,85
0?17'
20-30
36,9
2 07
157-197
4,76
0 16
30-35
35,0
2 00
197-292
5,4
0 19
35-40
3,9
0 14
PaAoii CT aHUHH A a3apea
0-1
34,2
1-58'
40-53
15,0
0?52'
1-5
26,3
1 31
53-73
15,0
0 52
5-10
18,2
1 03
73-89
14,6
0 50
10-20
14,7
0 51
89-154
17,7
1 01
20-30
12,4
0 43
154-165
25,2
1 27
30-40
14,8
0 51
165-171
3J,3
1 44
11PO51BJIEHHE CB513H ME)KAY CTOKOM H PEJIbE4OM
3eMJIIO Aae.iH H3-3a npeo,6JIau'aIO1uHx TaM 6oJIbUJHx CKOpOCTefi BeTpa
Ha3bIBaIOT . He HMe5I aOCTaTO1HO rIOJIHbIX aaHHbIX, npH-
MeM, LITO CKOPOCTb CTOKa Ha 3eMJIe AJ(eJIH 3HMOH TaKOro )Ke nopft,Ka, L1TO
Ii Ha Bepery fIpaBJIbI (15 M/ceK). Tor,aa cpeaHftft CKOPOCTb Ha 50-M KH.no-
McTpe 'IIpOCIHJIH 3'eMJIH AaeJIH COrJIaCHO paBeHCTBY (17) -H c ygIeTOM npllBe-
AeHHbIX BbIILLe aaHHbIX onpeaeJrHT'Cft COOTHOUIeHHeM v,~ - vso =46,2, rue
vR H 050 - CKOPOCT'H BeTpa Ha no6epexcbe H Ha paCCTOSIHHH 50 KM OT Hero.
IlpH CKOPOCTH CTOKOBOrO BeTpa Ha no6epe>Kbe 3eMJIH Aae.nH 15 M/ceK Ha
50-M KHJIOMeTpe CKOPOCTb BeTpa cocTaBH'T 13,4 M/ceK. B 50 KM OT MHpHoro
CKOPOCTb CTOKa paBHa 13,6 M/ceK.
BJIH3KHe 3Ha1eHH51 CKOpOCTei Ha no6epexcbe H B 50 KM Ha aB'YX pa3HbIX
np0IIJHJISIX yKa3bIBa1OT Ha TO, LITO aajibLHe 50 KM o6a npo(nHJIft 3KBHBaJIeHT-
HbI B CMbICJIe C03,aaHHH yCJIOBHI3, 6JIaronpHSITCTByIOILHX CTOKy. fIpH 3TOM
MOryT 6bITb aBa BapHaHTa: 1) JIH60 npo4 aJIH TaKOBbI, IITO aaq io6oHX CyMMa
fPOH3BeaeHHI3 Ha'KJIOHOB Ha HX aJIHHY OaHHaKOBa; 2) JIH6o npO(PHJIb CKJIOHa
3eMJIH AaeJIH npojieraeT BO aOJIHHe, BCJIeuCTBHe Liero CHH)KaiomHI C51 no ee
60pT'aM B03aYX yBeJIHLIHBaeT CKOpOCTb OCHOBHOrO HOT'OKa. foCJIeaHee H OT-
McLIaeTCft Ha 3eMJIe AJjejiH [4].
,JJISI pafOHa CTaHIIHH MOyCOH Ha OCHOBe COOTHolneHHH (17) H 3Ha'IeHHFI
CpeaHHX HaKJIOHOB Pa3HOCTb KBaapaTOB cxopocTei Ha no6epe}Kbe 'H B 35 KM
cocTaBJISIeT v,2~ - v 35 = 65.
Ho aaHHbIM F. M. Tay6epa, cpeaHHe McCSIgHble CKOPOCTH BeTpa Ha CTaH-
L(HH MOyCOH 3a nepHOJi. C Maft no CeHTft6pb 1956 r. COCTaBHJIH B cpeuxeM
11,2 M/ceK. UJISI MHpnoro cp,e LHHe 3Ha'IeHHH CKOpOCTeH BeTpa Bcex Ha61IKI-
,aaBLHHXC5I HanpaBJIeHHH MaJIO OTJIHLIaIOTCSI OT CpeaHHX CKOpoCTei CTOKOBOrO
BeTpa. Ta'Koe nOJIO}KeHHe BHOJIHe aOnyCTIIMO H aJIH MOyCOHa. fI03TOMy CKO-
pOCTb C'TOKOBOro BeTpa Ha 35-M KHJIOMeTpe CKJIOHa 3aeCb onpea'eJIHTCft npH-
6JIH)KeHHbIM paBeHCT'BOM 11,22=v35 -65, HJIH v35~ 61.
C apyroH CTOpOHbI, pa3HOCTb KBaJI,paTOB CKOpOCTeii CTOKOBOrO BeTpa Ha
ygaCTKe 292-35 KM OKJIOHa MoycoHa cOCTaBJIS eT
u35-v2 2=53,6.
flpa vI - 61 CKOpOCTb CTOKOBOrO BeTpa Ha 292-M KHJIOMeTPe OKa3bIBaeTCft
paBHOH 2,7 M/ceK.
Ha OCHOBe nOJIy11eHHbIX 3Ha4 HHIi CpeaHHX HaKJIOHOB AJISI nePBbIX 30 KM
npo()HJIa CTaHUHH Jfa3apeB pa3HOCTb KBaupaTOB CKOpocTec BeTpa Ha no6e-
71 = 130, B TO BpeMft KaK
peAbe H Ha 171-M KHJIOMeTpe ROCTHraeT v2 -V2
auin npo(pHJia MHpHoro aHaJIOPH1IHaa pa3HOCTb COCTaBJIfteT TOJIbKO 77. OT-
cioaa CJleayeT, LITO BO3paCTaHHe CKOpOCTei Ha OTMeLIeHHOM yLiaCTKe npo-
(iHJISI CT'aHI,HH Jla3apeB 6oJIbHIe, LIeM Ha CKJIOHe MHpxoro.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B 171 KM OT MHpHorO CKOpOCTb CTOKOBOrO BeTpa 12,2 Jit/ceK. ECJIH Aony-
CTHTb, LIT'O TaKa5I we CKOpOCTb H B 171 Kilt Ha CKJIOHe CTaHiLHH J1a3apeB, TO
Cpe,aH5TH CKOpOCTb Ha CTaHUHH JIa3apeB OKa)KeTC51 paBH01?i 16,7 At/ceK. (I)aK-
THtiecxaA CpeLHHA CKOPOCTb B 3TOM nyHKTe COCTaBHJIa 3a anpeJib 20 .M/ceK,
a 3a Maii - 13 4ceK.
1. B03pacTaHHe BbICOT npOHCXOAHT HO CTeneHHOMy 3aKOHy, LleM ua.IbLue
OT 6epera, TeM 66JIbWiie paCCTO5THHH OHHCbIBaIOTCSI O,'JHO9 aHaJiHTHgeCKOA
3aBHCHMOCTbIO. gJI51 McHbHHHX paCCT051HH9 (nOpSIZ[Ka 100-150 KAM) Heo6xo-
;LHMa 66JIbLnaH jeTaJIH3auH5I.
2. UJIH npeaCTaBJIeHHA pe.nbe(Ja BOCTOgHoIi AHTapKTHjbI aeTaJIbHa5I
C'beMKa B McTeOpOJIOrHT4eCKHX uejiAX MOxceT 6bITb OrpaHHileHa npH6pexcHoli
30H011 100-150 KM. Ha 60JIbUIeM y,gaJIeHHH OT 6epera CbeMKa MO K T 6bJTb
McJ1KOMacLHTa6HOii HJIH BbIHOJIHATbCA JIHLHb no OTJ[eJIbHbIM HpO(!IHJIAM, HHTe-
p,eCHbIM B TOM HJIH HHOM OTHOLHeHHH.
3. CTOKOBbIMH BeTpaMH OXBBTbIBaeTCA HpH6pe KHaI 30Ha IIIHpHHO11 Me-
CTaMH B HeCKOJIbKO COT KHJIOMeTpOB. IIpH 3TOM HMeIOTCA B BIQy TaKHe CKO-
DOCTH CTOKa, Cpe.rHHA BeJIHLIHHa KOTOpbIX Ha,'Z KOHTHHeHTOM COCTaBJIAeT
10 .M/ceK, a HaA n06epe3KbeM B 3HMHee BpeMA 15 Jit/ceK H 6ojiee.
4. Yciof IHBbie H CHJIbHbie CTOKOBbie BeTpbl B WHpOKO1i npH6peMcHoii no-
.>?IOCe ABJI 11OTCA XapaKTepHo1i OC'o6eHHOCTb1O aHTapKTHtieCKoro aHTHL(H-KJIOHa,
OTJIHIIax)LljerOCA OT aHTHIIHKJIOHOB yMepeHHbIX LJHpOT H aHTHUHKJIOHOB nO-
nHpHbiX o6JIacTe i ceBepHoro noJlyiuapHA.
1. B y r a e B B. A., T o n C T H K O B E. H. OnpeAeneHHe AHTapKTHEIecxoro cKJIOHa
Me>KAy 100 H 105? B. A. HH4)OpM. 61onn. COB. aHTapKT. 3KCII., Ne 4, 1959.
2. E o n r a H o B TI. B. CKOpOCTb CTOKOBorO BeTpa B paliOHe MHpHiIH - FIHOHepCKaa.
I-IH4OpM. 6IOJIJI. COB. aHTapKT. 3KCn., Ns 8. 1959.
3. P y c H H H. fI. McTeoponorHUecKHe npoiteccbl B npH3eMHOM CJIOe B03JIyXa B AHT-
apKTHAe. Fiu poMeTeoH3AaT, JI., 1958.
4. P Y C H H H. H. KJUIMaT AHTapKTHJ(bI. rHJjpOMeTeOH3j(aT, JI., 1959.
5. T a y 6 e p r. M. 0 CTOIIHbIX BerpaX AHTapKTHJ[bI H HX BJIHBHHH Ha o6pa30BaHHe
MOpcKoro JlbJ a. H3.4. roc. OKeaHorp. HHCT., 1957.
6. T p e HI H H K 0 B A. (D. HOBble AaHHbie 0 BbICOTax BOCTO9HOFi AHTaPKTHJLLJ. HH4OpM.
6ronn. COB. aHTapKT. BKCn., N9 1, 1958.
7. S1 K O B n e B K. H. MaTeMaTHmeCKaa o6pa6oTKa pe3ynbTaTOB H3MepeHH*. rOCTeX-
TeOpH3AaT, M., 1953.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1960 I7POBJIEMbI API(TIIKH H AHTAPKTHKII .N-f 3
06 OWH6KAX B H3MEPEHH1X TEMIIEPATYPbI
PA)AHO3OHJI,AMH
B CB5q3H C pa3BHTHeM COBpeM'eHHOI3 McTOJ FIKIM 30HJjHPOBaHHA aTMOC(IJepbl
npH HOMOLLIH paq-H03OH,10B, CaMOJIeTOB, paKeT H HCKYCCTBeHHbIX CnyTHHKOB
3eMJIn HpeaCTaBJIMe'T'CH CyIIjeC'TBeHHbIM ,IaTb o61uy}o XapaKTepHCTHKy CTe-
HeHH To4HOCTH aaHHbIX, nwlly'aeMblX C nOMOLublo pa,IH030H,1HPOBaHH51. 3TOT
McTOJI, KOT'OPbI I BHepBble pa3pa60TaH H HpHMeHeH B COBeTCKOM COlo3e H
OCHOBOHOJIO}KHHKOM KOTOpOrO ABJIAeTCA II. A. MoJI'aHoB, euje Heonp)eLeJIeH-
HO aojiroe BMA 6yieT OCHOBHbIM B McTeopOJlorH4eCK033 npaKTHKe. YTO4He-
HHe CMbICJIa aaHHbIX pa;iHO30HJLHpOBaHHH oco6eHHO HHTepeCHO IJIA pa60TbI
CJIy3K6m nOFO,IbI B ApKTHKe H AHTapKTHKe.
HeK0TOpble o6LuHe CBe jeHHA O pa11H03OHJjaX. CO-
rJIaCHO MaTepHaJlaM no Me)K1yHapolHbIM cpaBHeHIIAM paa H03OHw,B 14 pa3-
HbIX CTpaH, HPOBO,IHBIIIHMCA B 1laiepHe (II1BeAuapHA) B Mae-HIOHe 1956 r.
[19, 20, 26] 6bIJI0 BeerO BbIOyIIjeHO JjHeM H HO4b}O 370 paiHO30HJ1oB. Cpe11H51A
Bb1COTa BCeX no1'beMOB 22,1 kM.
B HCHbITbIBaBIUHXCA THHaX pa,IH030H,10B aTMoc(pepHoe IaBJIeHHe 'H3Me-
p5ieTCH aHepoH;IoM, 3a HCKJHO4eHHeM HHaepJIaH11CKOrO npn6opa, B KOTOJOM
rlpHMeHAeTCH rMHCOTepMOMeTp; TeMrIepaTypa 113MepAeTCH 6HMeTaJIJIH4e-
CKHMH UJIaCTHHKaMH pa3HbIX pa3MepOB, H TOJIbKO B ,IBYX cJiygaAX np'HMeHA-
IOTCA TepMHCTOpbI. B AHOHCKOM pa'2 H030HJZe HCnoJIb3y1OTC5], KpOMe Toro, J1Ba
PTYTHbIX TepMOMeTpa J JIH KOHTpOJIH, I-1yBCTBHTeJIbHbIM rHrpoMeTpxgeCKHM
3JIeMeHTOM CJIy)+ HT BWJIOC, KO)KHua 30JIoTo6HTL1a HJIH XJIOpHCTbIIi JIHTII A.
14OJIHbIN Bee pa,I1103OH;jOB KOJIe6aJIC5T B npe eJiaX OT 300 jo 2,200 a.
B aoHOJIHeHHe K 3THM MaTepiiaJlaM He6e3bIHTepeCHO OTMeTHTb, 4TO HPH
perHOHaJIbHbIX CpaBHeHHAX [21] B BeJlbrHH B 1954 r. repMaHCKOro, ,IjaTCKOrO
(C rHnCOTepMOMeTpOM), aMepHKaHCKHX (B TOM 4Hc ie c6paCblBaeMoro) H
6pHTaHCKOrO pa,aH03OH,10B 6bIJIH npOH3Be,1eHbI aBa CaMOJIeTHbIX 30HJjH.pOBa-
HHA, KOTOPble cpa3y )Ke COnpOBO)KaaJT'Heb 30HJ1HpoBaHHAMH npH nOMOLLLH
c6paCblBaeMoro pa,1H03OH11a. B o,IHOM c iy4ae BbI4HCJIeHHaH BbICOTa 300-MHJl-
JIH6apOBOi1 nOBepXHOCTH OKa3aJIaCb paBHO1 9204 At, a no pai HoaJIbTHMeTpy
9245 ? 10 M, BO BTOpOM c.iy4ae COOTBeTCTBeHHO 8951 M H 8960 -+- 10 M.
IIpH aHaJIH3e OAHOBpeMeHHbIX nOKa3aHH1 14 THROB paIH030H110B npH
IiATH J1HeBHbIX H 4eTbIpeX HO4HbIX noJJbeMaX [26], Koraa B Ka)KJ1OM Bbwnycxe
V4aCTBOBa.IH Bee THnbI CpaBHHBaeMbiX np'H6opOB, HCnO.TIb3OBaHbI TOJIbKO
,ZaHHble 0 JjaBJI HHIH H TeMnepaType B03,IyXa. Ujiq aHaJIH3a Ka)KJ1bIId n01beM
pa3,aCJIAJIH Ha CeMb CJIoeB, COOTBeTCTByIOWHX noCJIeAOBaTeJIbHbIM HHTepBa-
JIaM BpeMeHH: 1-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, 21-30, 31-40 H 41-50 MUH,
npH4eM cOnOCTaBJIAJIH AaHHble aJIA Ka)KAOII MHHyTbI. Ha OCHOBaHHH pa3HO-
CTOpOHHei CTaTHCTH4eCKON 06pa6OT'KH HafiaeHO, 4T0 CpeJLHHA KBa11paTH4HaA
OLIH6Ka B 13MepeHHH JaaBJieHHA CHHN{aeTCA npHMepHO C 3 M6 Ha HH)KHHX
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
YPOBH31X AO 1 MO Ha BbICOKHX, B TO Bp,eMM KaK aHaJIOrHgHble oiuH6KH A,nSI
TeMnepaTypbl BO3paCTaIOT OT 0,3-0?,4 go 0,5-0?,6 C.
,LJJr5I oueH,KH CTeneHH CpaBHHMOCTH Mexcay CO60H IOKa3aHHH J aBjIeHHq H
TeMnepaTypbl pa3HbIMH THnaMH paaH03OHAOB nocJIeJHHe pa36HTbI Ha TPH
rpynnbl: A - c xopoiuei, B - c VaOBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHOH H C - co cJIa6oH
CpaBHHMOCTbIO. HO Ua'BJieHHIO K rpynne A O'THOC5ITC5I pajIHO3OHabI CLITA,
AHI-JIHH, CCCP; K rpynne B - BeJIbrHH, (DPf, F,LP, I'IHAHH; K rpynne C -
(DHHJI$iHAHH, (DpaHuHH, gnOHHH, HHaepJlaHjIOB, LUBeHuapHH, HIOJIb1IIH.
IIO TeMnepaType K rpynne A OTHOC ITCI panH030HJ[bI cIHHJIHHJIHH, SInO-
HHH, MAIM; K rpynne B - BeJIbrHH, (DPf, f'Z[P, CLIIA, (DpaHUHH,
AHI-JIHH, CCCP, I'IHjIHH; K rpynne C - HHjIepJlaHAoB, LLIBeiuapHH,
IIOJIbuIH.
Bonpoc 0 C'TeneHH TO'IHOCTH AaHHbIX no TeMnepaType H BJIa}KHOCTH B03-
j1Vxa, HOJIy4aeMbIX npH nOMOIuH pauH03OH IOB, yCHJIeHHO UHCKVCCHpyeTCq C
Toro BpeMeHH, Koraa B 'COBeTCKOM C0I03e 6bIJIH BnepBble CO3,RaHbI H BHeApe-
Hbl B a3pOJIOratleCKyio npaKT'HKy npH6opbI TaKOI'O THna. BOJIbnnoe tIHCJIo
HCCJIe,aOBaHHH HOCBHHIeHO rJIaBHbIM 06pa3OM OueHKe PajIHa1IHOHHbIX 011H60K
B 113MepeHHH TeMHepaTypbI B03AVXa, onpejeJieHHiO OLU1460K B ,H3MepeHHSIX
TeMnepaTypbl H BJIa]KHOCTH H3-3a HHePLIHOHHOCTH COOTBeTCTBYIOMHX tlyB-
CTBHTeJIbHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB, HCHOJIb3yeMbIX npH H3MepeHHnx, a TaK}Ke HccJ1eAo-
BaHHSIM ([)n3HtleCKHX CBOIICTB H pa60TbI O'TAeJIbHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB pajaH03om Aa
B TH}KeJIbIX, HeCTaIIHOHapHbIX YCJIOBHHX CBo60AHOH aTMOC(Jepbl. MbI OCTaHo-
13HMCH Ha HeKOTOpbIX pa60Tax, OHy6JIHKOBaHHbIX 3a nocJIejLHae 5 JIeT li pe-
(1)epHPoBaHHbIx B pe( epaTHBHbIX )KypHaJlax AKaLeMHH HayK CCCP H .
P a 1 H a u H 0 H H b l e oinH6KH p a g H 0 3 0 H ia. 11pe?KAe Bcero npH-
BeAeM KpaTK0 CBOaHble pe3yJlbTaTb1 no iaHHOMV BOHpOCy, noJlytieHHble Ha
OcHOBaHu14 cpaBHeHHil 14 THROB paa14030HAOB B flaHepxe B 1956 r. [28]. Pa-
;IHaLIHOHHble OLH136KH BbItIHCJIHJIHCb HO pa3HOCT5rM Me}KAy CpeAHHMH HOLI-
HbIMH HOKa3aHHHMH B onpeaeJleHHbIH CPOK no 'Ka}KAOMy Tliny paJIH030HAa.
1Ipi 3TOM ytIHTbIBajICSI CyTOTIHbIH XOJL TeMHepaTypbI. PaJIHauHOHHble OIDH6Ku
OHpeJeJI5iJ1HCb ,'VIA YPOBHCI 100, 70, 50 H 30 At6. OKa3arlocb, tITO paaxaull-
OHHbie OI11H6KH, HMeIOI1IHeC51 Y BCeX THROB pajIH03OHaIOB, KOJIe6JIlOTC9 B npe-
(e. ax OT 0,2 Ao 12?,6 C. Ha BbICOTaX 100 a 70 M6 OTHOCHTe.IbHO MaJible
ouiH6KH OKa3aJIHCb y 6e.IbrHHCKOro H LHBefluapCKOrO Tuna paAH03OHaOB.
Pa jHa1Iu0HHbl,e OLHH6KH y (jHHCKOrO THna, nOJIytIeHHble no pa3HOCTHm Me)KAy
rHeBHbIMH H HOgHbIMH ,jaHHbIMH, OKa3aJIHCb Ha 10% 60JrbLue, tieM BbltlHcJIeH-
I ble no ([1opMyjie, BblBe,geHHOH (PaynaO) JJISI 3T01'O THna paano3oH.na.
Y aHPJlHHCKOrO np16opa PaJ1HaLIHOHHble OIIIH6KH OKa3aJIHCb HeCKOJIbKO
McHbule, qeM BbItIHCJIeHHble no (popMyJle CKpei3a. BoJlbiue Bcero AaHHbIX nO-
JIytleHO no 3anaAHOrepMaHC'KOMy paJIH030HJIy, CJIy}KHBLLIeMy KOHTpOJIbHbIM
IipH Ka}KJIOM noabeMe. OKa3aJIOCb, tITO paJI.HaUHOHHbie ou-iH6KH no paaxo-
3OHjjy 3TOrO THHa Ha ypOBH5IX 100, 70, 50 H 30 M6 COOTBeTCTBeHH0 paBHbI
1,0; 1,6; 2,9 H 3?,8 C.
XapaKTepHOH o6HIei tlepTOH B HCCJIeJIOBaHHHX paAHauHOHHOH OIIIH6KH,
FIPOBOAHBUIIIXC51 B pa3HbIX CTpaHax, 5IBJIHeTCSI CTpeMJIeHHe ytleCTb 3([)(I@KT,
BbI3bIBaeMbii OTjeJIbHbIMH r eACTByIOI.'HMH (paKTOpaMH, TaKHMH, KaK cnoco6
3KpaHHpOBaHHH TepMOnpHeMHH-Ka, IIJIOTHOCTb B03AyXa, BbICoTa COJIHua,
CBOHCTBa caMOrO TepMOnpHeMHHKa H jjp. TaKHM nyTeM MO}KHO, eCTeCTBeHHO,
HaMeTHTb nyTH YCTPaHeHHSI HJIH, no KpaHHeH Mepe, yMeHbuieHHH paJlHa1LH-
OHHOH '011H6KH.
COBeTCKHe pa6oTbl [2, 3, 8] no aaHHOMY BOnPOCy noCBsIIueHbI rpe6eHVla-
TOMy paRH030Haay. O6pa6oTaHbI CTaTHCTU'IeCKH 926 noAbeMO!B paaHO30HaOB
MOJI'IaHOBa, AOCTHrH1HX BbICOTbI > 15 ICM; B p}l,ge nyHKTOB CCCP npH COJI-
He'HOM 3aTMeHHH 30 HIOH5I 1954 r. npOH3BejjeHbI BbInyCKH pagH03OHAOB KBK
BO BPeMSI 3aTMeHHH, TaK. H HeHOCPeaCTBCHHO aO H noccie Hero H HPOBejleHbi
3KCnePHMeHTaJIbHble HCCJIeAOBaHH51 HarpeBa IuaXTbI paaH03OHjLa npH no.leTe
:54
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ha CTpaT'OCTaTe 10 BbICOTbI 11 KM. B pe3yJIbTaTe 3THX pa6oT yCTaHOBJIeHO
c.Reaylon.[ee:
1. HpH 6OJIbmmO9 BbICOTe COJIHua 3KpaHHpOBaHHbIH TepMOHpHeMHHK
BCJIeJLCTBHe MHOrOKpaTHOro OTpaxceHHA COJIHe4HOH paaxauiH OT CTeHOK
H1aXTbI HarpeBaeTC51 1[aiKe CHJIbHee, TIeM HapaJIJIeJIbHO yCTaHOBJIeHHbIH He
3KpaHHpOBaHHbIH TepMonpHeMHHK.
2. 1-1pHM2HeHHe RBORHOH HJIH Aa)Ke TpONHOI-I 3aII HTbI He yCTpaHHeT pa-
inaLI,HOHHOH OIHH6KH.
3. Ha BbICOTe 20 KM HCKa}KeHHe B HOKa3aHH51X rpe6eHTlaTOro paaHo-
30HAa, Bb13bIBaeMOe COJIHe4HOH paaHauHeH, aOCTHraeT npH 6OJIbIIION BbICOTe
COJIHua 6-7? C. 1-1pH MaJIOH }K,e :BbICOTe COJIHua paaHaUHOHHOH OLHH6KOH
M0 KHO npeHe6peraTb 10 BbICOTbI 20 KM.
4. Calla LHaXTa no,7 aeACTBHeM COJIHeT1HOH paAHaLT,HH HarpeBaeTCA, npH-
TIeM ee HarpeB 6bICTpO B03paCTaeT C BbICOTOH, -JOCTHraA no pacueTaM Ha
\'pOBHe 25 KM npH CnJI0IIIH09 o6JIaT1HOCTH (Ha BbICOTe 3 1CM) 19?,1 C.
5. qo BbICOTbI 15 /CM peulaloLuyio pOJIb B neperpeBe TepMonpneMHHKa
llrpaeT coaHegIHan paaHauHA, OTpa}KCHH M OT no,gcTHJIa oIIjeu nOBepXHOCTH
;I CTeHOK HIaXTbI. BblLne Ha1IHHaeT Bce pee CK 3b1BaTbCH HarpeB caMol
rnaXTbi. PaAHauHOHHble o1HH6KH B03paCTalOT npH HaJIHTIHH o611atiHOCTH HJIH
CHCiKHOFO nOKpOBa.
6. HONCHO CTIIITaTb, TITO AO BbICOT 13-15 1CM TeMnepaTypHble 11OKa3aHHH
V'TpCHHHX H BenepHHX paAH030Ha0B B 60JIbLHeI HaCTH EBponefICKOH Teppn-
TOpHH CCCP npaKTHTdeCKH He HCKa7Ka1oTCH ae11CTBHeM paAHauHH.
Ha OCHOBaHHH HPOBeaeHHbIX HccJIe,UOBaHHH peKOMeH,'ZyIOTCA HeKOTOpb1e
y.iVTIIHeHHH B KOHCTPYKUHH 3aLuHTbI paUI403OHga.
B 1956 F. COr.TIaCHO peLueHH1o BCeMHpHOH McTeOpojIorHgeCKOH opraHH3a-
1IHIi B CCCP. - KaK B CTpaHe, yT1aCTHHue MIT, - npOBeaeHbl KHauHOHaJIb-
IibTe CpaBHCHHH> paA11030H,.OB. aJIA 3TOro paaH030HAbI P3-049 BbInyCKaJIH
ITapaMH Ha OLIHOcI o6oJIOTIKe m CpaBHHBaJIH FIX HOKa3aHHA B CTaH,aapTHble
MIOMCHTbI HO CJIOHM Me7KAy H3o6ap1TIeCKHMH nOBepXHOCTHMH. BCero 6blJlo
Bbinylueno B UeHTpaJ1bHOH a3po.norHTleclcoi o6cepBaTOpHH (L1AO) 37 nap
f?u;j1103OH,jOB. CpeuHlle KBa,2paTHhHble oLHH6KH OTAeJlbHOI'O paAH03oHAa npH-
1''C'.ICHbI B Ta6,l. 1 [9].
Ta6nut{a 1
CpeAHHe KBaapaTH4Hble OWH6KH paAHO3OHAa P3-049
110 CJIOBM
C iou aTMOCCpepbl
(M6)
TeMnepa-
Typa
h aBJIeHHe
(M6)
BJIa>KHOCTb
(%)
OT nOBepxHOCTH
3eMJIH
AO 850
850-700
700-500
500-300
300- 200
200-100
100-50
0.,9
0,8
0,6
0,8
0.9
0 ,8
1 ,0
OheHb HHTepeCHbI pe3yJIbTaTbI cpaBHeHHA nOKa3aHHH paaH030Haa
P3-049 H pa ZH03OHaOB apyrHX CTpaH, CaeJIaHHble Ha OCHOBaHHH HCnbITaHHH
13 HaiepHe. HpH 3TOM CJIeJlyeT HMeTb B BHay, TITO HeKOTOpble CTpaHbl
(AHr.IHA, (DHHJInHAHn, S1nOHH51) BBO, HT B nOKa3aHHI paaM030HaOB nonpaB-
KH Ha BJIHHHHe paAHauHH. Pe3yJIbTaTbI cpaBHeHHH npHBeaeHbl B Ta6JI. 2 [9].
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CpeAHHe pa3HOCTH nOKa3aHH11 TeMnepaTypbl no paAH030HAy P3-049
H paAH030HAaM Apyrnx CTpaH
CCCP - CWA
CCCP - (4)paHuHA
CCCP - AHrnnH
CCCP - S1nOHHA
CCCP - q)HHJIAHAHA
IlepHo&
CyTOK
AeHb
H09b
AeHb
HO9b
AeHb
H09b
Aenb
H09b
AeHb
HO9b
1-A I 10-A
40-a I 55-s1
0,8 4,0 10,0 I 17,0
0,9
-0,5
1,5
0,1
1,3
0,1
0,5
-0,5
0,5
-0,1
7,1
-0,4
-0,4
-1,5
9,5
-0,3
6,4
-0,3
8,0
-1,5
H3 3TOFI Ta6JIHLIbi MO}KHO 3aKJII01IHTb, LITO pa, 103OHJ[ P3-049 Ha BbICOTe
OKOJIO 15 KAt HMeeT paAHauHOHHy[O OLCIHOKy B !IHeBHoe BpeM5I OKOJIO 2-3'C,
a Ha BbICOTe OKOJIO 23 KAf - npHMePHO 7-10? C.
,qJiSI ocJia6JieH14SI 3THx 0LHH6oK B pa6oTe 11. (D. 3afgHKOBa, O. B. Map-
C)eHKO H B. ,q. PemeTOBa [4] H3JIO}KeHa npH6JIH}KeHHaSI MOTO3[HKa BBeJI,eHH51
HOHpaBKH Ha n0Ka3aHH51 TeMnepaTypbl paaH030HAOM P3-049 B 3aBHCHMOCTII
OT OCHOBHbIX BJIHAIOLI.1HX (paKTOPOB (BbICOTa COJIHUa, BbICOTa H CKOPOCTb
noa-beMa pa. H030HAa). Flame BBeAeHHH HOnpaBOK Ha OCHOBaHHH (pOpMyJ'Ibl,
BbIBeAeHHOII B ynoMSIHyTOIi pa6oTe, CpeAHHe pa3HOCTH rIOKa3aHHcl TeMnepa-
TYPbI HO paAH03oHJ1,y P3-049 H paaH030HaaM gPyrHX CTpaH BbIpa}Ka}oTCA Be-
JIHLIHHaMH, HpHBeJ,eHHbIMH B Ta6Ji. 3 [4].
Ta6izui a 3
CpeAHHe pa3HOCTH noKa3aHHa1 TeMnepaTypbl no paAH030HAy P3-049 H paAHo30HAaM
ApyrHx CTpaH B AHeBHble 9acb11
MHHyTbI
CCCP - CWA
CCCP -'PpaHuua
CCCP - AHrJIHA
CCCP - S1nOHH9
CCCP - 4 HHJIAHAHA
1-A 10-51 25-A 40-A I 55-2
Cpe 1HHe BbICOTbI (1CM)
1,4
-0,1
0,6
0,3
2,0
0,1
0,5
1,1
1,1
0,3
2,3
0,1
2,2
-0,2
3,0
-0,2
0,7
-0,3
1,2
-0,6
3,3
-0,3
0,7
-0,7
4.2
-0,3
3,2
-0,6
3,0
-0,3
0,2
2,2
05
-0,2
0,1
4,0 10,0 I 17,0
0,2
1,8
0,8
-0,7
-0,1
0,3
4,2
1,0
-0,3
--0,8
-1,4 -2,1
5,4 8,8
-0,4 0,3
-1,5 -2,8
-1,7 -1,2
llocae BBeaeHHH nonpaBoK Ha pauiauHlo B nOKa3aHH2 paAH030Haa P3-049.
OLIeHb 06CT05ITeJIbHble HCCJIeAOBaHHH pa,r1HauHOHHOFi OIIIH6KH B rlOKa3a-
HHHX pa4H03OHJ(a 1-AP BbInOJIHeHbI B 1951-1953 rr. [15]. CpaBHHBaJIHCb
.'IHeBHble 'H HO4Hble nOKa3aHHH paaH030HROB C JI,BOAHOfi H O,gHH PHOI-I 3aI11H-
56
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TON OT paIHauHH. Y4HTbIBaJICA CyT0'-IHbIFi X0,2 TeMnepaTypbI. gJIq COHOCTaB-
JIeHHFi 6paJ!HCb nOKa3aHH51 TeDlnepaTypbi Ha YpOBHe 100 M6. lIpH IajibHe-l-
inFIX HCCJiea0BaHH IX paAHO3oHAa C aBOIIHOFI 3aLUHTOii 6bIJIH nOJIOxceHbl B
OCHOBy rJIaBHbIM o6pa3OM aaHHble OTHOCHTeJIbHOi3 Tonorpa4mH, ropa3Ao
JIy4HIe OTpa}KaiomHe aeACTBI4TeJIbHble KOJIe6aHHSI TeMnepaTypbI B aTMO-
eq)epe. Ho pe3y,nbTaTaM o6pa6oTKa 2078 nap 30HROB AJISI CJIOSI 500 - 1000 M6
yCTaHOBJIeHO, 4TO paAHaUFIOHHaH oLHH6Ka B Mae-aarycTe < 0?,5 C; B
oCTaJIbHbie McCSiubl roaa oHa paBHa HyJI1o. ABTOP, BnpogeM, CKJIOHeH C4H-
TaTb, qTO H B JIeTHHe McCHUbI pa,rHaL$HOHHbFe OLHH6KH 6JIH3KH K HYJIIO H LITO
nojIygeHHble pa3HOCTH MC>Kay AHeBHbIMH 'H HO4HbIMH AaHHbIMH CJleayeT OT-
HeCTH 3a c4eT CyTO4HOr0 xo a TeMnepaTypbI.
AJIH BepxxeH Tponocc])epbl (225 - 500 M6) o6pa6oTKa 1784 nap paAHo-
30H,2OB noxa3ajla, 4TO B anpeJle - aBryc-re pauxaUHOHHax 0ITH6Ka < 0?,6,
a B ocTaJIbnble Mecqubi paBHa HyJIK). aJIH cJiox 96 = 225 M6 (1186 nap 30H-
JOB) MaKCHMaJIbHoe 3HaqeHHe paJxaUHOHHON OIiIH6KH B anpeJie - ceHTH6pe
,.IOCTHraeT 1?,1; B 3HMHHe McCHUbI OHa He3Ha4HTeJIbHa. A.liH C.Iio i 41 - 96 M6
HMeeTCH TOJIbKO 127 nap 30HAOB; cpeAHioio paAHaun'OHHyIO 0H1H6Ky MO}KHO
C'{HTaTb paBHON 1?,2. Bblwe 60 M6 3Ta OLHH6Ka 6bICTp0 B03paCTaeT H Ha BbI-
CoTe 40 M6 AOXOJHT Ao 6-8?.
AHaJTOrHgHa1 o6pa6oTKa MaTepHaJIOB paaH030Hja C OAHHapHON 3aLUH-
TOFI HOKa3a.lla, 4TO B yKa3aHHbIX 06JIaCTHX OTHOCHTe.IbHON TOfOrpa()HH cpeA-
HHe paJIHaLUHOHHbie OIIH6KH COOTBeTC'TBeHHO 60JIbLLIe Ha 0,3; 0,6; 0,9 H 1?,5,
4eM y pa aH030H)ia C ABONHON 3allJH'TON.
ABTOp [ 15] CgnTaeT, 4TO M0)KHO B B e C T H n O n p a B K Y Ha paJI.nauHOH-
HylO OlllH6Ky T O JI b K O A JI H C p e A H H X 3 H a 4 e H H N T e M n e p a-
T y p bi no paAHO30HAaM C IBOfIHOf 3aIUHTON, H 0 H e m O }K e T 6 bI T b
H pe4H o6 onpezeJleHHbiX nonpaBKaX AJISI Ka}Kaoro paaHo-
3 0 H i a B OTAeJIbHOCTH.
B BpHTaFICK0I McTeopOJIOPH4eC'KoIi CJiy}K6e c 1956 r. npHMeHHeTCS( onpe-
AeJIeHHbIFI HOpHAOK BBeaeHHH paAHauHOHHOi H HHepuHOHHOFI UOnpaBKH K
TeMnepaTypaM, H3MepHeMbIM pagH030HAOM MK-113 [16]. IlonpanKH BbI4HC-
JIHIOTCH Ha OCHOBaHHH lJOPMYJIbI CKpeFt3a [27], HMeIollei BHA
S-T=Q-kds, (1)
rAe S - Ha6JIIoaeHHaH TeMnepaTypa;
T - HCTHHHax TeMnepaTypa B03Ayxa;
Q - HHTeHCHBHOCTb f0PJi0LUeHHH paAHauHH paaH03OHjOM;
q - Ko3(P(pHUHeHT TenJIOOTAa4H;
k - Ko3(P(MHUHeHT OTCT'aBaHHH CHCTeMbl.
AJIU yea 3aBHCHMOCTeI3 Q, q H k OT KO34XI HUHeHTOB nor.moujeHHSI pa-
AHaUHH TepMOMeTpH4eCKHM 3JIeMeHTOM H erO 3aLUHT'OFI, OT aJIb6eJjO 3eMJIH,
06JIaKOB H B03Ayxa BHH3Y pajH030Hja, OT CKOpOCTFI noA'beMa H OT paCKa4H-
BaHHFI paAH03OHAa HPHHHMaIOTCH HeKOTOpble 3Ha'eHHH, penpe3eHTaTHBHble
AJIH Cpe1HHX YCJIOBH4[ 30HAHpOBaHHH. I-10CTpoeHbI rpaipHKH H Ta6JIHUbI JAM
onpeAeJIeHHH paAHaUHOHHOI-I OHIH6KH npH BbICOTaX paAH030HAa OT 0,1 ,2O
30,8 KAt. Ha BbicoTe 10 M6 paAHaUHOHHaH nonpaBKa, HanpHMep, paBHa
no4TH 20?C. TepMH4eCKaH HHePUHSI TepMOnpHeMHHKa CHH)KaeT 3TY HO-
FIP BKY npHMepHO Ha 10%.
HCKax{eHHH, BHOCHMbie paAHaUHeii, 04eHb aeT2.1bHO HCCJIeAOBaHbI BO
(JpaHUy3CKOM paaH03OHge [23].
DKpaHHpyiouiaH InaXTa TepMonpHeMHHKa B paaH03OHae HaPHAy C HOJIO-
KKHTeJIbHOF' pOJIbIO oKa3bIBaer H BpeAHOe BJI?HHHHe. OHa HarpesaeTCH, H ny-
TeM KOHBeKUHH TeIJIOTa OT Hee nepe;jaeTcH KaK B03AyXy, npoxo iweMy 4e-
pe3 LIIaXTy, TaK H CaMOMY TepMOMeTpy. fIOJIy'aeMbiFt paaHaUHOHHO-KOHBeHK-
THBbII'i 3(I([)eKT BBHAy 60Jibwwoii CJIO)KHOCTH yCJIOBHII MO?KeT 6bITb HCCJIeAO-
BaH TOJIbKO 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHO.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
OnpeaeJleHHe nOnpaBOK K noxa3aHH51M TepMonpHeMHHKa BecbMa OCJIOHK-
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iKe paaH03oHae. OwHH H3 3THX 'TepMOMeTPOB f0MenjaJI0I B HopMaJIbHOH 3a-
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er0 HHepUHOHHOCTH H oueHHBaTb HX B3aHMH0e COOTHOLLIeHH'e B pa3HbIX CJIy-
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tC - Ko3()C)HuHeHT KHHeTHLIecKOII H'HepuHH TepMoMeTpa.
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TypHOIi HHBepC'HH, KorJa B Aeli'CTBHTeJIbHOCTH OHa OTCyTCTByeT.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
143 BHAa COOTHOweHHIi, CJ1y}Ka- Ta6nu?a 4
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THJIRIjHH TepMOMeTpH4eCKOrO 3JIeMeHTa. Pac eTbl nOKa3bIBaIOT, 4TO npH
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B TpHBaJIbHOM COOTHOHIeHHH 11JI51 onpeJJeJIeHHR KO3(p(1HUHeHTa HHep-
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B J[a6opaTOpHbIX yCJIOBHRX npH H3MQHeHHRX TeMnepaTypbI Te oxpyxcaloujeli
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TeMnepaTypbl BHyTpH T'epMHCTOpa coxpaHReTCR OAHHaKOBbIM npH Bcex HC-
nbITaHHRX. HcxoAR H3 TeOpHH pa3MepHOCTeFI, aBTOp nocjie pHAa yupoiUeHHN
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TepMOMeTpa H B03AyXa;
F - HeKOTOpa1 HeH3BeCTHa5T (pyHKUHR OT 4HCJIa Pe1iHOJlbjica Re.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ha OCHOBaHHH Jla6opaTOpHbIX onpeaeJleHHH BeJIH4IHH, CTOSIILHX B JIeBOH
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ll. He, EITO a, 09eHb MaJIO 3aBHC5I OT TeMnepaTypbl B 06bJLiHbIX ycJIOBHSIX
noJL'beMa paJ H030Haa, CHJIbHO 3aBHCHT OT aTMOC(])epHOrO aaBJieHHSi. TaK, Ha
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30HJ[OM aaxce npn a= 20 ce1c ROXOJ(AT TOJIbKO npHMepHo Ao 1/30 C. K TOMy
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30HJ(a.
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JJJIS1 HOJIHOI'O aHann3a 3T'HX OIIIH60K HeO6XOJIHMO 3H1Tb HHTeHCHBHOCTb H
CneKTpaJIbHbIH COCT3B naaaiouieH Ha TepMOMeTp paaHauHH, a TaK)Ke
a6COp6uHOHHOCT'b n0KpbITH5I TepMOnpHeMHHKa KaK ([IYHKIUH1O OT RJIHHbI
BOJIHbI. I'13 OpHeHTHPOBOLIHOH Ta6JIHUbI, BbILIHCJIeHHOH AJIH (CHopMaJIbHbIX>
H 3KCTpeMaJlbHbIX eCTeCTBeHHbIX YCJIOBHH, BHAHO, LITO B aaHHOM paAH030Hae
(JiHaMe'Tp LiHJI'HHapH9eCKorO TepMHCTOpa OKOJIO 1 MM) a aOCTHraeT y no-
TOJIKa 25 ceK, a paaHauHO'HHaH OIIIH6Ka AOXOAHT AO HeC'KOJIbKHX (10) rpa-
AyCOB.
HapHJ y C HeKOTOpbIMH apy'rHMH MeponpHHTHSIMH, KOTOpble MOrJIH 6bi
o5JIer9HTb OnpeaeJieHHe paaHaIIHOHHOH oIIIH6KH, peKOMeHAyeTCS1 npMAaTb
TepMOnpHeMHHKY cc)epH9ecKylo 4 opMy.
0 pHIae BeCbMa cyLueCTBeHHbIX pa6oT no yLieTy H CHH}KeHHIO paaHauxoH-
HbIX H HHepuHOHHbIX OLIH60K COBeTCKHX paaH030Hj[OB H no COBepuleHCTBO-
BaHHIO a3pOJIOrH9eCKHX McTOaOB Boo6uie coo5uiHJi B. U. Peule-
TOB [10, cTp. 27] B o63opHOM aolcnaae Ha Io6HJIeHHOH ceccHH ytieHOro co-
BeTa UAO.
YKa3aHHble BbIIJIe pa60TbI, OTHOCSIULHeCSI K HCCJIeaOBaHHSIM COBeTCKHX H
HeKOTOpbIX 3apy6e)KHbIX paRH030H,IOB, HOCSIT aOBOJIbHO neCTpbIH XapaKTep.
OHH H03BOJIHIOT BCe ace cJieJlaTb 3aKJIK)LIeHHe, LITO o1IH6Ka AO 9' C B nOKa-
3aHH5IX TeMnepaTypbl B03AyXa paaH030HAOM, KOTOpa5 BO3MO)KHa no pac9e-
TaM A. A. LUeneJleBcKOro [13, CTp. 40] H C. M. COKOJIOBa [11, cTp. 3], He MO-
)KeT CLIHTaTbCH npeyBe.IHLIeHHOH, nOKa KOpeHHbIM 06pa3OM He H3MeHeH LIyB-
CTBHTeJIbHbIH 3JIeMeHT paaH030Haa, BOCHpHHHMaIOUiHH TeMnepaTypy.
1. F 0 JI b q m a H M. H. OCHOBbI McTOAHKH a3po4)H3H9eCKHX H3MepeHHH. FOCTeXH3AaT,
1950.
2. F Y T e p m a H H. F. CHCTeMaTH4eCKHe OJIJH6KH B H3MepeHHHX TeMnepaTypbl B03-
Ayxa C H0MOlgblO paAHO3oHAa. TpyAb1 1JeHTp. aapoJi. o6cepB., Ns 12, 1953, 35-48.
3. F Y T e p m a H 14. F. PaAHa1HOHHaB oluH6Ka rpe6eH9aToro paAHO3OHAa (a3ponorH-
9eCKHe Ha6mOAeHHH B AeHb nOJIHOrO ConHe9Horo 3aTMeuHH 30 HIOHB 1954 r.). MeTeop. H
rHApon., Ns 5, 1955, 49-52.
4. 3aAgHK0B F1. (D., Map4)eHK0 0. B., Peiii eT0B B. Q. McTOAHKa BBeAe-
HHB paAHaIHOHHbIX nOnpaBOK K noKa3aHHHM TeMnepaTypbl rpe6eH4aToro paAH030HAa
P3-049. McTOAH9. yKa3aHHH UeHTP. aapon. o6cepB., BbIn. 19, FHApOMeTeOH3AaT, M., 1957.
5. K a C T p o B B. F., (D a p a n o H 0 B a F. Fl. PaAHauHOHHbie oHIH6KH nnaTHHOBOro
TepMOMeTpa conpoTHBnenna. TpyAbl L1,eHTp. a3poJ1. o6cepB., BbIn. 16, 1956, 18-20.
6. K a 9 y p H H JI. F. 0 paAHaUHOHHOii HHepgHH a9ponorH9eCKHX TepMOMeTpOB. Me-
Teopon. H rHApon.. J' 8. 1957, 57-60.
7. K e A P O A H B a H C K H A B. H., C T e p H 3 a T M. C. McTeoponorHUecKHe npH6opb1.
FHApoMeTeOH3AaT, JI., 1950.
8. 11 O K P 0 B C K H H B. H., LU M e T e p C. M. PaAHaI HOHHble OwH6KH rpe6eH9aToro
paAHO3oHAa. TpyAb1 IJeHTp. a3pon. o6cepB., Bbin. 14, 1955, 32-43.
. 9. P e m e T o B B. A., E 4) H M o B H. JI. A3ponorH9ecKHe Ha6JIIOAeHH51 H HCCneAOBa-
HHB. 14H4 opM. c6opH. Ns 3. KOMHTeT no nposeAeHH)o MFF. FHApoMeTeOH3AaT, JI., 1957.
10. P e HI e T O B B. J.j. Pa3BHTHe McTOAOB H npH6opoB Aim aaponorH9ecKHx Ha6moaellHH
B UAO. TpyAb1 UeHTp. a3pon. o6cepB., Bbin. 26, 1959.
11. C 0 K 0 n 0 B C. PI. To9HOCTb TeMnepaTypHOro 30HAHpOBaHHH aTMOC4)epbl. TpyAbI
Hay9HO-HCCneA? y9peHCa. F11ApoMeTCJIy>K6bI, BbUn. 19, 1946.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
12. T p e T b H K 0 B B. A. K BOnpOCy O McToAaX n3MepeHHH TeMnepaTypbt B03AyXa B
CBo60AHof aTMoc4 epe. Tpyabl Bcecolo3H. KOH(Iep. no H3yg. CTpaTOc4epb[. H3,a. AKaA. HayK
CCCP, 1955.
13. III e n e JI e B C K H li A. A. To4HOCTb onpeaejleHHH TeMnepaTypbl B CB060AHOi% aTMO-
cq)epe. TpyAb- HaygHo-HccJIeA? ygpewA. FHApoMeTCnyxc6bi, Bbin. 19, 1946.
14. B a d g I e y F r a n k l i n J. Response of Radiosonde thermistors. Rev. Scient.
Instrum., 28, .N 12, 1957, 1079-1084.
15. G r o b e r K. W. Der Strahlungsfehler der Radiosonde der DDR, Z. Meteorol, 7,
Na 10, 1953, 313-317.
16. H a w s o n C. L. Meteorological office practice for the application of radiation
and lag corrections to temperatures measured by radiosonde IIB. Meteorol. Mag., 85,
Ns 1, 005, 1956, 75-78.
17. H a y a s h i E., S e k i g u s h i Y., Y a d a A. On solar radiation error and its
correction of Japanese radiosonde. Geophys. Mag., 27, Ns 3, 1956, 361-374.
18. H i n z p e t e r Max. Physicalische Gebenheiten der aerologische Mep technik. Me-
teorol. Rundschau, 9, Ns 3-4, 1956, 55-58.
19. H o o p e r A. H. Radio-sonde trials at Payerne, 1956. Meteorol. Mag., 86, Ns 1016,
1957, 33-36.
20. L u g e o n Jean. World comparison of radiosondes. WMO Bulletin, 5, Ns 4, 1956,
157-158.
21. M a I e t L. M. Comparaison regionale des radiosondes. Bruxelles, 4/XI 1954-
19/XI 1954. Pubis. Inst. roy. meteorol. Belgique, A, Ns 3, 1955, 96 p.
22. M i s s e I w i t z W. Beschreibung einer Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Traghei-
tsbeiwerte des Bimetalls der Lang- and Freiberg Sonde. Z. Meteorol., 9, Ns 9, 1955,
227-280.
23. P e t i t M. La correction des sondages de temperature. Effet radioconvectif dans
la radiosonde francaise. J. scient. meteorol., 5, Ns 20, 1953, 145-155.
24. P e t i t M. Emploi de thermometres bilames blancs sans paresoleil sur la radio-
sonde francaise. J. scient. meteorol., 8, Ns 30, 1956, 47-53.
25. P i c c a r d Jean, L a r s e n Harold, B l o m s t r a n d John. Thin wire thermo-
meter for radiosondes. Rev. Scient. Instru., 25, N4 10, 1954, 959-963.
26. S a t a k o p a n V., M u 1 1 S. An analysis of the radiosonde comparison made ar
Payerne with 14 sonds in May-June 1956. Indian J. Meteorol. and Geophys, 8, Ns 4,
1957, 367-368.
27. S c r a s e F. J. Application of radiation and lag corrections to temperatures
measured with the meteorological office radio-sonde. Meteorol. Mag., 85, Ns 1, 005, 1956,
65-75.
28. V a i s a la Vilho. Radiation error of different radiosondes at Payerne, 1956.
Geophysica. Meteorol., 6, No 1, 1957, 1-6.
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 I Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1960 IIPOBJIEMbI APKTHKH H AHTAPKTHKH M 3
CHE)KHblf IIOKPOB HA JLPEf4 YIOLUHX JIb LAX
L[EHTPAJIbHOR APKTHKH
CHe}KHbIIi HOKPOB Ha apeli(pylOIUHX JIbaax SI'BJIAeTCSI OILHHM H3 OCHOBHbIX
reorpa( HtleCKHX JlaHanla(pTOB L]eHTpaJIbH0I1 ApKTHKH H HrpaeT Ba}KHyIO
poJlb B ([)OpMHPOBa'HHH pa3JIH'IHbIX rHapOMeTeopoJlorHtieCKHX npoueccoB.
B 4aCTHOCTH, TenJIOo6MeH MexKAy OKeaHOM H aTMocq)epOii tlepe3 JIeJI 1Hof1
JIOKPOB 3aBHCHT OT HaJIHtIHSI H XapaKTepa 3aJleraK)IuerO Ha JIbay CHe}KHOI'O
HOKpOBa.
AO HaCTOSILUerO BpeMeHH CHe}KHbI1i HOKpOB LLeHTpaJIbHOc1 ApKTHKH H3y-
t1eH cJIa60, H HaLIH 3HaHHH 0 'HeM nOKa orpaHH14HBa1OTC5 JIHHIb OnHcaHHHMH.
HeKOTOpble CBeaeHHA O CHe}KHOM IOKPOBe HpHBOJ ITCH B MaTepHajIax, CO6-
paHHbIX B 1937 r. gpeRq)yioLueA CTaHUHeI3 KCeBepHbIii nojiioc-1> [4] H 3KCHe-
T(HuHeN Ha Ji/n KHOrO nOKpOBa Ha JIbJIaX
pa3JIHgHor0 B03paCTa, HoJiygeHHble BbICOKomHpOTHOIi B031IyIIIHOFi 3KCneJI.H-
uHei 1954 r. B palloxe 75? c. iu. H 182? B. A.
XapaKTep neAAHOro
noKpoBa
3aMep3wee pa3BOabe Me>KAy cTa-
PbIMH nOJIAMH; JIeA pOBHbIFi
3aMep3wee pa3BOAbe Me>KAy no-
IIAMH; Jlejj pOBHbni; McCTaMH HaABH-
rH nbjja; nOCpe1HHe pa3BOAbH npo-
XOAHT rpaAa TOPOCOB
CTapoe MHOrOneTHee none Co cpeA-
HHMH (pOpMaMH peJlbe(pa (6yrpbi AO
I M); OTAenbHble XOnMbI AOCTnraIOT
3 M
CTapoe MHOroneTHee.none C CHnbHO
pa3BHTbIM penbec4OM; MHOro crna>KeH-
HbIX neAHHbIX XOJIMOB H rP AA BbICO-
TON AO 3 M
TonnlHHa nbaa
(cm)
OT 270 CM
npoMep3wHX
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me
OT 260 CM
npoMep3wHX
CHe>KHHuax H
Bblwe
TOnnIHHa cHera
(CM)
Ha POBHb1X McCTax 10-
20 CM; Y TOPOCOB Ao 80 CM
Ha 6yrpax cHera HeT; na
POBHbIX McCTax 10-20 CM,
BO Bna4HHax 14-55 CM; y
TOPOCOB AO 100 CM
Ha 6yrpax cHera Her; Ha
pOBHbIX McCTax 10-20 CM;
B nOHH>KeHHAX penbe(4a Ao
40-50 CM; Y TopocoB H
XOJIMOB aO 150 cM
Ha BepIUHHax TopocoB H 6yrpoB, CBo60aHbIX OT CHera, HaxoJ HTCH pa3-
pyLIIeHHbII-I TaHHHeM, yHJIOTHeHHbIIi 3epHHCTbIIi CJIOII JIbaa - JIeaHHOii neCOK,
KOTOpbIIi IIaCTO npHHHMaIOT 3a TOHKHFI CJIOII CHera. MoniHOCTb BTOro CJIOH
B 3HMHee BpeM5i COCTaBJIHeT 3-5 CM, a B nepHOR TaBHH5 5-10 CM.
BbinOJiHeHHble BO BpeMSI Jjpeilcpa CTaHIIHH C-2>> (1950 r.)
Ha MHOrOJICTHeM rio ie CHeroMepHble C'beMKH noKa3aJIj cneayiouiHe 3Hatie-
IIH51 BbICOTbI CHe>KHOrO nO'KPOBa:
10 MaA I HKIHA 10 HKIHI
Cpe4HAA 34 cm 36 c.u 38 cm
MaKCHManbHaB 61 68 66
MHHHMBnbHasi 7 , 3 13
XapaKTepHOIi OcO6eHHOCTbIo CHe)KH'OrO nOKpOBa I]eHTpaJIbHOFi APKTHKH
HBJISTeTCSI He3HaTTHTCJIbHOe H3MeHeHHe erO TOJIHIHHbI (Ta6JI. 2). 3TO o5 ic-
HAeTCA TeM, T-ITO B 3HMHee BpeMA BbInaaaeT MaJio OCa2IKOB. 1 OCHOBHal
Macca TBepablX OCaIKOB 'HPHXOaHTCH 'Ha OCeHb H r103JIHIOIO, Becxy [5, 6, 7].
HeCKOJIbKO HHTeHCHBHee HaKanJIHBaeTCA CHer Ha MOJiOIIbIX JIb'Iax. B 1955 r.
Ha CTaHIIHH B paROHe TepMOMeTpH~IeCKOII HJIonia,uKH
Ha MOJIOaOM Jlbay BbICOTa CHera B aeKa6pe COCTaBJISIJIa 5 CM, B AHBape OHa
B03pOCJia a0 10 CM, a B ipeBpaJle 'K MOMeHTy B3JIOMa aOCTHrjIa 20 CM. 06,b-
5iCHHTb 3T0 MO>KHO TeM, LITO HPH He3HaIIHTeJIbHbIX KOJIHgeCTBBX TBep,ablX
oca.TLKOB, BbinaJla1oH HX B 3HMHee BpeMA Ha JipelnpyionwHX Jlb,gaX I]eHTpaJIb-
HoN ApKTHKH, OTMegiaerc i HHTeHCHBHOe nepepacnpeaeJleHHe CHera. Bo
BpeMA nyprH nepeHOCHTCH OrPOMHble MaCCbi CHera, TIaCTb KOTOpOI'O 3aJ[ep-
>KHBaeTCA Ha nOBepXHOCTH MOJIOJI?Oro Jibaa, CMOT-IeHHOA pacco.noM, H Ya-
CTH4H0 npHMep3ae-r K HeMy. B JlaJIbHeRuieM Hpouecc nOBTOpHeTCSI.
I 3HMOPi Ha6n10AaIOTCH ABa BHAa cne>KHHOK: wecTHJIygleBble (HHorAa TpexJlygeBble) H
pee cxe>KHbie 3epHa, BeCHOFi - B OCHOBHOM wecTHnygeBbie, a JIeTOM - CHe>KHble 3epHa.
5* % 67
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CTaHI(HA CeBepHbIN
nonroc-3' 1954/55 r.
CTaHL HH CeBepHbIN
nonroc-4' 1954/55 r.
CTaHUHH CeBepHbIN
nonroc-4' 1955/56 r.
CTaHI{HH CeBepHbIN
nonroc-5' 1955/56 r.
CTaHIIHB CeBep ibik
nonroc-3' 1954/55 r
CTaHI(HH CeBepHbIN
nonroc-4' 1954/55 r
CTaHiAHB CeBepHblfi
nonroc-4" 1955/56 r.
CTaH1(H9 ?CeBepHbIN
nonroc-5' 1955/56 r.
H3MexeHHe cpe,gnef'% BhICOTbI CHe]KHOro noKpOBa Ha MHoroneTHeM
ApellfpyioueM abAy no AeKauaM
(B caHTHMeTpax)
1 111111I
I III I III
111 1
CpeAHHH CpeaHHH
(cm)
27 anpenH 40 0,32
28 30 0,34
2 Maa 31 0,31
5 , 42 0,34
15 37 0,24
17 34 0,28
11111111
I III III
11111111
1,1111111
B HaKOHJIeHHH CHera Ha irKBepxxocTH JIb.r a 3aMeTHy1O pOJIb HrpaiOT
TaK}Ke rHJjpoMeTeopbI. 143MOp03b H HHei HOCTOAHHO oca}KaaIOTCSI Ha pa3-
JIH'-IHbIX npej eTax H Ha ITOBepXHOCTH CHera, npHieM B OTJ eJIbHble j(HH CJIOH
HHeH jioCTHraeT HeCKOJIbKHX caHTHMeTpoB.
HJIOTHOCTb CHe}KHOrO IOKpOBa KOJIe6JIeTCA B He60JIbIUIHX npeaeJlaX, 3a
HCKJIIogeHHeM CBe}KeBbInaBmero CHera [10]. TaK, cpeJiHxx IJDOTHOCTb H BbI-
COTa CHe}KHOrO HOKPOBa Ha MHOTOJIeTHeM JIbJZy 'B BeCeHHHM nepnoA 1950 r.
CocTaBJI5IJia:
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
(cHer CHJIbHO ysna)KHeH)
K KOHIjy nepHOJja Ta$IHHH riJIOTHOCTb cHera yBeJIHt1HJIaCb 3a CieT ero
yBJIa]KHeHH51.
To }Ke n'o1ITBep)K a1OT J1 HHble CHerocbeMOK Ha CTaH1(H?H B 1954 r. (Ta6JI. 3), npHxieM nJIOTHOCTb cxera oceHbIO, nocjie ycTa?-
HOBJIeHHH HOBOI.O CHe)KHOrO noKpoBa, HeCKOJIbKO HH)Ke.
28 , 29
0,32
31 39
0,35
3 HK)HH 34
0,33
12 , 27
0,36
(cHer BJIa)KHbI*)
15 , 33
0,36
(cHe
r CHnbHO yana)IfHeH)
17 , 28
0,38
MaKCH-
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MHHH-~
MaJIb-
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MaKCH-
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MaJIb-
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CHer HJIOTHbIN CyXOLI; Ha JIbAy cJio i
(pxpHOBoro cHera OT 4 AO 10 cAt
CHe)KHbI11 HOKpOB KpynH03epHHCTbIA
C 4)HpHOBbIM cnoeM 4-10 CA; Hama-
JIOCb TaHHHe CHera
CHer pbixnb!N, Cblpoil; c4HpnoBOFi
cnOI1 coxpaHHeTCH
CHeacHbI1 nOK OB pbIXJIWN, Kpyn-
H03epHHCTWH
Ha6JiIoJieHHH Hal[ HJIOTHOCTbIO cxera, BbIIIOJI'HeHHble B 1950/51 r. Ha
OHbITHbIX TepMOMeTPHLieCKHX nJIOlJ.ai[Kax, npHBeaeHbI B Ta6Ji. 4.
KaK nOKa3aJIH Ha6JHOIjeHHH, CHe)KHbIrl lOKpOB B OCHOBHOM COCTOHJI H3
Tpex cJloeB. B HH)IHeM cjioe 3aJieraJi 3epHHCTb1Ii CHer, HJIOTHOCTb KOTOPOrO
6bIJIO Tpy2HO OnpeJjeJIHTb H3-3a ero cbinytieCTH. 3epHa 3TOro CHera npeHMy-
IUeCTBeHHO HMeJIH t)opMy IIIeCTHrpaHHbIX nHpaMHJ.. B HH)KHHX rOPH3OHTaX
pacnOJlaraJlHCb HaH60JIee KpynHble KpHCTaJIJIbI, KBepxy pa3MepbI HX nOCTe-
HeHHO y6b1BaJIH. K. M. 14yKaHHH o6Hapy}KHJI HHTepeCHoe ABJIeHHe nepexpH-
CTaJIJIH3aLLHH CHera B HH)KHHX CJIO5IX, CB513aHHOe c npoueCCaMH cy6JIH-
MauHH. Ha HH>KHe1 HOBepXHOCTH CHe)KHoro CBo,Ija, o6pa3onaBu.Ierocsl Ha,IL
CTapo}i 3aMep3uleN TpeLUHHOA, Ha6JnoJiaJIHCb KpynHble KpHCTaJIJIbI CHera B
BH,ge uIeCTHyroJIbHHKOB. TaK KaK BepXHHIi pa3pyuieHHbIH CJIOii J1baa MaJ1o
OTJIH4aJIC51 OT HH)KHerO CJI051 3epHHCTOrO CHera, TO OTgeTJIHBOIi rpaHHu.bl
Mexcljy CHePOM H JIbaOM He npocJle)KHBaJIOCb. CpeJLHHil CJIoI - 3TO CTapbl}i
CJIex{aBHIHIiC51 H ynJIOTHeHHbIII cHer, BbIJjep)KHBaBIUHII T5I}KeCTb 4ejIOBexa.
BepXHHit CJIO1 COCTOSIJI H3 c.nerKa yHJIOTHeHHoro nepeMeTeHHoro cHera, no-
KpbITOrO B HeKOTOpbIX McCTaX T'OHKHM CJIoeM CBexceBbInaBuJero CHera. MaK-
CHMaJIbna51 rJIOTHOCTb cxera OTMe9eHa B CpeaHeM c.noe (Ta611. 5).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
flnoT-
HOCTb
CHera
CpeAHHH
BbICOTa
cHe?KHOro
nOKpOBa
(CM)
nJIOT-
HOCTb
3/V 1
12/VI
22/V1
0,36
0,41
0,46
nnoT-
HOCTb
B cyrpo6e TpH CJIOH: BepXHHli - ynJIOTHeHHbIN, COCTOHT
H3 O6nOMaHHbIX CHe)KHHOK; cpeAHHN - 6onee nJIOTHbI11, ene-
}KaBHIIiNCH; HH?KHHH - 3epHHCTbIH, Cbiny4HN
BepXHHN c. o5 HeCne}KaBHIHNCB, CBe}KenepeMeTeHHbIN H3
06nOMKOB CHe)KHHOK; cpeAHIIN - nJIOTHblc, Cne)KaBIHHHCA;
HH}KHHIi - 3epHHCTbIN, CbIny4HH
CBepxy nywHCTbIli CHer TO.WHHOH 0,5 CM
CHer TaeT, cnerKa npOnHTaH Tanoli BORON
CHer TaeT, HpOnHTaH BORON; CHH3y CJO5 BOAbI 23 CM;
BbICOTa KaHHnnHpHoro nOAHHTHB BOAbI 5 CM
BOAa CTeKaeT, CHer ocywaeTCB, BbICOTa BOAb! 6 CM, HH}K-
HHN CJIOH CHera CM04eH BORON KauHnnflpHoro HOAHHTHB
TepMOMeTpH4eCKa l naolitaAKa Ne 3
30/XII
15/1
30/1
16/11
24/Ill
31/111
0,33
0,32
0,36
0,38
0,33
0,33
ABa CJOB CHera: B BepXHeM - CHer ynnOTHeHHblH, B
HH}KHeM - 3epHHCTbIN, CbIny4HN
To }Ke
m
CBepxy cBe}KenepeMeTeHHbIN, liJOTIIbli crier, CIIn3y 3ep-
HHCTbIH, CbIHy4HH
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28/III
29/111
0,22
0,33
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2-4 I1JOTHOCTb BepXHero Clio nbAa wecTOBaTOro CTpOeHHA
13 B BepXHCM c.loe CHer nnOTHblH, nepeMeTennb!H, B HHHC-
HeM - 3epHHCTbIH
BepxHHN . . . . . . . . .
CpeJu!HN . . . . . . . . .
HHHCHHN . . . . . . . . .
TOniuHHa
CJIOB
(CM)
20,0
6,0
TOJILUHHa
Cn0B
(CM)
0,31 9,0
0,13 i 5,0
11,0
TOJHJ,HHa
CJIOA
(CM)
0,30 8,5
0,44 2,7
0,38 12,0
HnOT-
HOCTb
0,27
0,45
0,28
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IIOABJIEHHE H CXOIL CHE)KHOEO IlOKPOBA
B CHJIy HepaBHOMePHOCTH 3aJieraHHT1 CHera Ha 1tpe114y10uleM JIb,t[y aaTbl
ero HO51BJIeHHT1 H cxoj a aOBOJIbHO YCJIOBHbI, TaK KaK Ha pa3JIHLIHbIX yLIaCT-
KaX JIez5THoro nOKPOBa 3TH npoueccbi HatIHHaIoTCSI B pa3Hoe BpeMM. KaK
BHJ(HO H3 Ta6J1. 6, HaliajIO ycTOcitIHBOro Ta51HH51, KaK npaBHJIO, npHXO,'jHTC51
Ha nepnyio noJIOBHHy HIOHSI, 3a HCKJHO4eHHeM 1938 r. (parIHHe CpOKH) H
1955 r. (04eHb n03,aHHe). O6bI'HO TaHHHe Ha4HHaeTC51 Ha 10)KHbIX CKJIoHaX
TOpOCOB H JIeURHbIX 6yrPOB, rj e yroJi naaeHHH COJIHe4HbIX Jiy4eli 6oJIbIue,
4CM Ha ropH30HTaJIbHOi nOBepXHOCTH. 3aTeM CHer Ha4HHaeT CXOgHTb Ha
POBHbIX McCTax. TaK, B 1939 r. TaHHHe Ha 10)KHbIX CKJIOHaX Ha4aJIOCb Ha
20 aHefi panbHle, 4eM Ha poBHO11 HOBepxnocTH [2].
CJIe,.yeT pa3JIH4aTb ;iBa nepuo., a TaM,HHSI CHera. B nepBb1F nepH02 OHO
Ha'PHHaeTCA eiUe npH OTPHuaTeJlbHbIX TeMHepaTypaX B03 yxa (-10, -10?)
6.naroiapa yBeJIH4eHHIO npHxoaa Ter1JIa COJIHe4HO1I paaHauHH. r1pH no:1-
TaHBaHHH cxera yMexbHIaeTCSi aJlb6ep0 noBepxHOCTHoro CJIOSI H VBe.'IH4U".-
BaeTC51 nor.nou eHHe coJIHe4HOIi paJiHaUHH, a CJIeJIOBaTejlbHO, H HHTCHCHB-
HOCTb TaHHHR. Ha16o.Tiee 3aMeTHO TaSIHHe B nOJIy.J[eHHb1e 4ac i TICIIbIX
:lllei, B naCMYPHble IHH OHO 11PeKPaLUaeTC51.
YCT0114HBOe TaHHHe HaCTynaeT npH n0BbluieH{{H TeMnepaTypbl B03JIyXa,
Kor,aa Hapsi;ay C COJIHe4HO1i pa wHauHell Ha4HHaeT ;1efICTBOBaTb H TeHJIO, nO-
CTynaK)ujee H3 'B03,gyXa 3a C4eT Typ6yJleHTHO13 jH14)(Jy3HH. B JIeTHHN nepH01I
TeMnepaTypa B03UVXa Ha gpeFi(pyioui,eM JlbJly KOJIe6JIe'TC51 OKOJIO HYJIH. O4e-
BHaHO, 4TO AJISI Ta51HHT CHera TefJIO B03J1yxa no CpaBHeHHK) C COJIHe4HOA
pa,aHauHe11 HrpaeT BTOPOCTeneHHYIO pOJIb. C yBeJIH4eHHeM Hpi xoj a COJIHe4-
HON paJHaUHH Ha TTOBePXHOCTH CHera o6pa3yeTCn HaCT.
C Ha4aaIOM Ta5IHHSI CHer TeMHeeT, oce.iaeT H noCTeneHHO nponHTblBaeTCSI
Boloi. Ha ero HOBePXHOCTH pa3BHBaeTC51 MHKpopeJlbe(c, H OHa CTaHOBHTCSI
II03,apeBaTON, 3aCTpyFH Hc4e3alOT. HO Ha6JI103,eHH5IM C 11 no 14 HIOHH
1950 r. CHer ocejI Ha 8 cm. Pa3pylueHH10 CHera Cnoco6CTByK)T 4acTbie
:1O}K;li{. B nOHH}KeHHbIx McCTax o6pa3yIOTCH CHe)KHHub1, C Te4eHHeM Bpe-
McHH yBeJIH4HI3aIoIUHeCSI B pa3Mepax. HJIOlliagb, 3aH5ITas1 CHerOM, nOCTe-
neHHO yMeHbLuaeTC51.
PaHee CYI.UeCTBOBaJIO MHeHHe, 4T0 Ha ;lpeHc yloLUHX JIbJIax CHer 3a Ten-
JIbI4l nepHo;l CTaHBaeT nOJIHOCTbIO. OJ[HaKO y}Ke Ha6JIIc (eHH5I 1950 r. noKa-
3aJ111, 4'TO TaHHHe Ha cpaBHHTeJIbHO POBHbIX y4aCTKax MHOrOJIeTHerO no.n1i
3aKaHgHBaeTCSi TOJIbKO 7 HK)J11!, B HH3HHaX - B KOHue H10.11!, a Ha OT,geJ1b-
HbIX ygaCTKaX, B McCTaX npe)KHHX cyrpo60B H Y OCHOBaHHf4 TOpOCOB, CJIe'abI
CHera COXpaH51IOTC51 aO OCeHH. DTO }Ke IIO;ITBep}K;IaeTCA Ha6JIIOAeHH9MH H
;lpyrHX upei(Jy10HLHX CTaHUM1=1. HanpHMep, Ha CTaHUHH B 1954/55 r. [3] CHer He paCTaliJl TOJIbKO Y O;lHO1i pe11K14 (H3 Jlec51TH),
paCHOJIO>KCHHO11 Ha CKJIOHe TOpoca (H3 58 CM CHera CTa1IJlo 52 cM). Ha
CTaHUHH B
1955/56 r., a 3aTeM Ha CTaHUHH H B 6yxre THxoi B
1956/57 r. CpejlHHe 3HatieHHSI TenJlonPOBOAHOCTH X H TeMneparyponpOBOJ1-
HOCTH k, no J1aHHbIM HHCTpyMeHTaJlbHbIX onpeAeJIeHHI3, Ha CTaHUHH KHOrO JIb LB H Jlbjla CO CHe>KHbIM HOKpOBOM.
B Mae Ha rOPH3OHTaX 1 H 2 At pa3HOCTb TeMnepaTyp cOCTaBJISITIa 4?,6,
a Ha nOBePXHOC'TH B CB23H C HOBbILHCHHeM TeMnepaTypbI B03jlyXa TeMne-
paTypa 6eCCHe KHOPO JIbaa B03pOCJIa H nOT1TH CpaBHHJIaCb C TeMHepaTypOH
JIb,aa, HOKpbITOFO CHeroM. B HIOHe pa3HHUa B TeMnepaTypax crJIaAHJIacb,
a Ha HOBePXHOCTH TeMnepaTypa 6ecCHe)KHOro JIb4a J1a>Ke B03poCJIa AO Hy-
JIeBbIX 311ageHHA, TOrjja KaK HOBepXHOCTb JIbaa, HOKpbITOrO CHerOM, coxpa-
HHJIa eLue OTpHUaTeJlbHyIO TeMnepaTypy. B HIOJie CHer CTaHJI H pa3HOCTH
TPMIIepaTyp B 'TOJILLIe Jlbjla crJIaJ uJIIICb. B CeBTS16pe, C YCTBHOBJIeHHeM no-
3-Oro CHe>KHOrO HOKpOBa, B HOBePXHOCTHbIX CJIOSIX OUSITb B03HI4KJIa pa3HOCTb
TeMnepaTyp nOpnp,Ka 2?; 6eCCHe>KHbIcI JieA HaTIaJI 6bICTpee BbIXOJIa>KHBaTbCSI
C nOBepxHoCTH, XOTH Ha rJIy6HHe em e COXpaHHJIHCb OAHHaKOBble TeMne-
paTypbl. B OKTS16pe pa311OCTI4 TeMnepaTyp B03POCJIH y>Ke 110 rJIy6HHbI 1 M.
HatIHHaH C H'00p51, pa3HHua TeMnepaTyp y>ICe OTMeT1aJIacb Ha Bcex ropH-
3OHTaX 11, IOCTeneHHO B03paCTa51, aOCTHrJIa MaKCHMaJIbHbIX 3HaTIeHH14 B
STHBape.
CpaBHeHHe TepMOH3onJIeT, IOCTPOeHHbIX n0 Ha6JIIOAeHHHM 1950/51 r.
[10, PHC. 9 H 10] nOKa3blBaeT, T-ITO 061UH9 XapaKTep TeMnepaTypnoro pe-
>KHMa O6oHX BHJ1OB JIb11a aHaJIOFHT1eH. Pa3JIHTIne 3aKJIIOTIaeTC5q B 6 o Ji e e
B bI C O K H X T e M n e p a T y p a x H M c H b LII H X KOJIe6aHHHX TeMne-
paTypbI Ha OIIHHX H TeX >Ke FOPH30HTaX Jlbjla, nOKpbITOPO CHeroM,
HO, KpOMe 3TOPO, H3OJIHpyloluee BJIHSIHHe CHera CKa3bIBaeTCH B TOM, T4TO
npoMep3aHHe H BbIXOJIa>KHBaHHe HH>KHIIX CJioeB JIb11a, IIOKPbI'TOPO CHeroM,
3aTHFHBaeTCSI Ao aeKa6pq. Y 6eCCHe>KHOPO JIbAa TaKO1i nepeXOJj Ha 3HMHHII
pe>KHM Hat[HHaeTCn C KOHua OKT I6p}I.
DT14 pa3JIHTIHSI B TeMnepaTYPHOM pe>KHMe 06OHX BH11OB JIb,Ta BJIeKyT 3a
co6oii pa3.?IngI14n B npOTIHOCTH JIb11a, CKOpOCTH erO HapaCTaHHSI H CKa3bI-
Ba1OTCSI Ha XapaKTepe pa3JIHTIHbIX TepMOXHMH4eCKHX H KpHCTaJIJIH3auHOH-
HbIX npoueCCOB. B 6eCCHe>KHOM JIbAy OH14 pa3BHBaIOTC5I HHTeHCHBHee H BCe
CJIe1ICTBH51 HX CKa3b1Ba10TCSI ropa3110 pe3T-Ie. TepMHTIeCKne TpeLuHHbl, nOKpbI-
Balouixe JIeARHoe none, TaK>Ke SIBJISIIOTCH CJIeACTBHeM TeMnepaTypHbIX 11e-
I]IOpMauHH, KOTOpbIM Han6o.lee noABep KeH 6ecCHe>KHbI13 JIej.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Cpep,HeMecHVHbie TeMnepaTypbl JIbAa, noKpblToro (4HCJIHTenb)
H HenOKpbITOrO (3HaMeHaTe.1b) CHerOM B 1950/51 r.
i I
1-OpU3OHT Ma6 HIOHb MKNIb ABryCT
CeHTB6pb OKTA6pb
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-
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-31',4
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-
20 cm
-8?,6
-0?,3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
25
-
-
-
-
-
-
-15,0
-17,2
-19,7
40
-8,3
-1,3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
50
-8,2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
60
-7,4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-7,1
-1,6
-0,0
-0,5
-5,0
-12,4
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-17,1
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-8,9
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-0,0
-0,7
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-14,5
-26,9
-54,3
-37,9
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-10,5
-11,1
-13,7
-16,2
5 cu
-9,7
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-0,6
-5,9
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-33,1
-36,5
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0,6
-0,2
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-7,0
--11,0
-14,4
20
-10,0
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-21,9
-30,4
-33,6
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40
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-26,7
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-
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-7,8
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60
-10,5
-2,5
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-0,2
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-28
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I -9,c
100
10,3
-3,6
-0,7
-0,4
-1,5
-4,1
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-17,3
-20,,r
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
rOpH30HT (,I[) Mail
H1OHbI H10JIb
IlOBepXHOCTb
1?,8
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HepaBHOMepHoe 3aJleraHHe CHera Ha ,apeA(4yIO1UHx JIb1Iax 003JZaeT pa3-
HHgy TeMnepaTyp 'Ha OAHHX H TeX )Ke rOpH30HTaX B pa3JIH4Hb1X McCTaX Jie-
AAHOrO HOJIH. 1-IO3TOMy BOnPOC 0 pacnpOCTpaHeHHH TenJIOBbIX HOTOKOB B Jle-
AAHOM nOKpOBe cJIeJ yeT peluaTb KaK TpeXpa3MepHyIO 3awIy, HOCKOJIbKy,
Kp0Me BepTHKaJIb-HOr?O TenJIOBoro IOTOKa, cyiueCTByIOT H r0PH30HTaJIbHbie
CO?CTaBJISIIOHjHe, KOTOpble CTpeMATCI BbIpaBHSITb pa3JIH4He B BePTHKaJibHO1
CTpaTH(4HKaI[HH TeMnepaTyp Ha COCeAHHX yliacTKax JIbaa, IOKPbI'TbIX CJIOeM
CHera pa3HOR T'OJIll HHbI.
BJIHHHHe CHe}KHoro IOKPOBa Ha TenJIO06MeH Me>KAy OKeaHOM H aTMO-
c4 epoR uepe3 rueaAHOR HOKPOB CKa3bIBaeTCSI, B nepaylo olepeAb, Ha yMe'Hb-
IJe'HHH HHTeHCHBHOCTH TeHJIOBbIX HOTOKOB tiepe3 JIeA. 1'13BeCTHO, qTO CHe>K-
HbIIi HOKPOB BbICOTOR 15 CM Ha 10-caHTHMeTpOBOM Jlbay yMeHbinaeT TenJIo-
BOR riOTOK 60Jiee tieM B 10 pa3 no Cpa'BHeHHIO C 6eCCHe?KHbIM JIbAOM TOR )Ke
TOJIIIuHHbL. IIPH yBeJIHLIeHHH TOJIIgHHbI JIbaa BJIHAHHe CHera yMeHbLIaeTCH, H
AJIA JIbaa 6OJIbIIIOR MOIUHOCTH ero pOJIb CTaHOBHTC$ Maj103HaTIHTeJ1bHOA.
Ha6Juo,aeHH1 ApeR(pyiolueR CTaHUHH > nOKa3aJIH, 9T0
TeMnepaTypa nOBepXHOCTH CHera TOJIIUHHOR 5 CM Ha MOJIOAOM Jib.y OKa-
3aJIaCb BbIIIIe TeMnepaTypbl CHera TOJIIIIHHOR 32 CM Ha MHOrOJIeTHeM JIbAy.
TaKa5l HeOAHOpOAHOCTb TeMnepaTypHbIX pe)KHMOB Ha IIOBePXHOCTH CHera,
eCTeCTBeHHO, BbI3bIBaeT pa3JIHLIHe B Typ6yJIeHTHOM ?H JIYIIHCTOM TenJIo06-
McHe HOACTHJialomeR nOBepXHOCTH. 1'IMeI0LL HeCA e11HHHTi'Hbie npHMepbI BJIHSI-
HHA CHe)KHOrO IIoKpOBa Ha TeMnepaTypHbIR pe}KHM JIbAa H TerIJIoo6MeH
He n?03B'OJIAK)T yeTaHOBHTb 3aBHCHMOCTb 3THX npoueccOB OT XapaKTepHCTHK
CHe]KHoro r1OKpOBa. Aim peIneHHA 3TOrO Bonpoca He06XOJ1HMbI cneuxaJlb-
Hb1e HccJIeAOBaHHH Ha ape1 Jy10IIi,HX Jrbaax.
/locrynuna 13/!! 1959 a.
JIHTEPATYPA
1. B e c n a n 0 B A. A. 0 Tennoo6Mexe Me>K,ay aTMoc( epoli H OKeaHOM B IleHTpanb-
HOii ApKTHKe. Tpyabi ApKT. HHCT. H rJiaBH. re04H3. o6CepB., T. 226, 1959.
2. B Y LI H H g K H ii B. X. DOpMHpOBaHHe H Apefic neJ(BHOro IIOKpOBa B ApKTH9eCKOM
6accefiHe. TpyAb1 ape1i(~. BKCneA. rnaBceBMOpnyTH Ha JI/n ar. CeAOB>>, T. IV, H3a. ApKT.
HHCT., 1951.
3. A e M b H H O B H. H. JleaoBbie Ha6JIK)AeHHH Ha apeil(iyiou[eii CTaHII,HH KCeBepHb111
nojnoc-4> . MaTep. Hahn. Hay'1H0-HCCneA. Apei(p. CTaHUHr . H rCeaep-
Hb1 i rionioc-4>> 1954/55 r., T. I, H3A. APKT. HHCT., 1957.
4. (De A o p o B E. K. McTeoponornuecKBe npH6opbl H Ha6JuoaeHHH. TpyAbf apeli().
CTaHgHH ((CeBepHblil nOnIOC>>. H3A. ApKT. HHCT., 1941-1945.
5. C e A H K 0 B a r1. ,Lj. McTeOpwwlorH'leCKHe Ha6JuoaeHHH. MaTep. Hahn. HaylHO-HCCneJ(.
Apeil(p. CTaHgHH > n > 1954/55 r., T. III, H3A. ApKT.
HHCT., 1956.
6. Q> e A H K 0 B a rl. JL. McTeopwJlorHileCKHe Ha6nloAeHHH. Pe3ynbTaTbf HaymHO-HCCnea.
pa6oT Apeli(p. CTaHuHIi > H . 1955/56 r., T. III,
H3A. ApKT. HHCT., 1958.
7. I-I y K a H H H K. H. MereoponorH'lecKHe Ha6nloaeHHB. MeTep. Hahn. HaygHC-HccJfea.
ApefiO. CTaHgHH 1950/51 r., T. III, H3A. ApKT. HHCT., 1954.
8. III a M o H T b e B B. A. JIeAOBbie Ha6nfoAeHHH Apeil(pyfon(eii CTaHgHH . MaTep. Ha6n. Hayvao-Hccnea. Apeli4. cTaHuHil H > 1954/55 r., T. I, H3A. ApKT. HHCT.. 1957.
9. SI K o B n e B r. H. BH3yanbHble Ha6JIIOAeHHB HaA COCTOHHHeM neJ(HHoro noKpOBa.
MaTep. Hahn. Hay9H0-Hccnea? Apef4. CTaHgHH 1950/51 r., T. II, H3A. ApKT. HHCT., 1955.
10. 51 K O B JI e B r. H. TeMnepaTypHbili peH(HM neARHOrO HOKpOBa. MaTep. Ha6J1.
HayYHO-HCCJIeA. ApeF14). CTaHIIHH 1950/51 r., T. II, H3A. ApKT. HHCT., 1955.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
17POBJIEMbI APKTHKH H AHTAPKTHKH
T. B. MOJI09HOB, H. B. SIEPEIHAHOB
O11bIT HPHMEHEHHA ,EHIOJIbHOrO 3JIEKTPOMAI'HHTHOrO
METOAA AJ19I OHPE,L(EJIEHHSI TOJILIjHHbI MOPCKOI'O JIbgA
3a nocJIe1(HHe r0AbI 6bIJIO npeAnpHHSITO HeCKOJIbKO nonbITOK pa3pa60TKH
4)H3H4eCKHX McT0A0B H C03JaaHH51 coOTBeTCrBytome H annapaTypbl jIJISI onpe-
AeJIeHHSI TOJIHjHH JIbaa 6e3 6ypeHHSI. ,L[JISI 3TOH IIeJIH npHMeHAJICSI eMKOCT-
HOH [3], Ce1iCMmIeCKHH H yJIbTpa3'BYKOBOH [2] McTOAbl onpeAenexxsl TOJIIUHH
PHC. 1. fo.no ceHHe CocTaBJIAIOHiHx H noJIHOrO BeKTOpa MarHHTHoro FOJ15T BepTH-
KanbHOrO MarHHTHOro AHUOJISI Ha11 npOBOAHUieia cpeAON.
I - nepanveoe none; 2 - none BnxpeBbIx ToxoB; n - nonxoe none.
JIb.Aa. OAHa,KO no pSIAy npHT-lHH HH OAHH H3 3THX McTO,JOB He HalueJI npaK-
THgecKoro npHMeHeHH51. OAHHM H3 aBTOPOB HaCT05IIUeH CTaTbH npeA.no}KeH
jiHHOJIbHbIk 3JIeKTpOMarHHTHbIH MeTOj( OnpeAeJieHHSI rJIy6HHbI 3aJleraHHSI
npOBOASIIUero CJIOSI 1 [4].
CyujHOCTb McTOAa npHMeHHTeJIbHO ?K AaHHOH 3aAage 3aKJIloqaeTC5I B
cJIejiyloiueM. Ha HOBepXHOCTH JIbAa yCTaHaBJIHBae'TCSI B rOpH3OHTaJlbH,OM
n0JIO]KeHHH paMKa AHaMeTpOM a C HeKOTOPbIM LIHCJIOM N BHTKOB H30JIH-
pOBaHHOrO npOBola. PaMKa nOj[KJIK)4aeTCSI K reHepaTOpy nepeMeHHOro TOKa
onpeAejieHHOH IIaCTOTbI f. IIpH 3TOM BOKpyr paMKH C03AaeTCH 3JIeKTpoMar-
HHTHOe noJle, KOTOpOe Ha paCCTOSIHHH Tell 3KBHBaJIeHTHO HOJIIO BepTHKaJIb-
HOrO MaFHHTHOrO AHHOJISI. IIoa ae 1CTBHeM 3TOrO HOAR B MOpCKOH BOAe,
slBJISIIOnieHCSI XOpOIHHM npOBOAHHKOM, B?03HHKaIO'T BHXpeBble TOKH, KOTOpble,
B CBO[O ogepeab, Co3AaIOT MarHHTHOe nojie. CTpyKTypa nocJIeAHerO 3aBHCHT
OT LIaCTOTbI. 14acTOTa Bb16HpaeTC5I JIOCTaTOTIHO BbICOKOH AJ151 TO1'O, I[TO6b[
3JIHHa 3JIeKTpOMarHHTHOH BOJIHbI 'B MOpCKOH Bojie 6bIJIa McHbwe paCCTOSI-
HH5I Me>KAy reHepaTOpHOH H HPHeMHOH paMKaMH, H AOCTaTOtlHO HH3KOH,
HTO6bI MO)KHO 6blJIO npeHe6peT4b TOKaMH CMCU HHS1 BO Jlbay H B B03JIyXe.
B 3THX yCJI0BH5IX CTpyKTypa MarHHTHOIO IIOJI5I BHXpeBbIX TOKOB OKa3bI-
BaeTCSI allaJIOrHLIHOH HOJIK) paMKH, SIBJISIK)nieFCSI 3epKaJIbHbIM oTpa}KeHHeM
OTHOCHTeJIbHO nOBepXHOCTH BOAbI [1], KaK HOKa3aHO Ha pHC. 1. Toraa
CyMMapHOe MarHHTHOe none B JIIO6OH TOIIKe MO}KHO PaCCMaTPHBaTb KaK
I r. B. M O JI O H H O B. YCTpOFICTBO AJ1B H3MepeHHU TOJIHiIIHbI CJIOB. ABTOpcKoe CBH-
AeTenbcTBO Ns 115579 OT 2 MHBap5l 1958 r.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
cynepn03H4HIO no.Ieli AByx gHn,ojief - ,aeFICTBHTeJTbHOFO H ero H3o6pa-
}KeHH51.
PacnoJlo}KHM aeflCTBHTeJIbHbI9 JLHHOJlb B HauaJie LUTJIHHJZpH1qeCKOFI CH-
CTeMbI KOOpAHHaT r, z, Y Ha IOBePXHOCTH JIbaa, OCb z HanpaBHM BepTH-
KaJIbHO BBepX no OCH J[HHOJIH. TOJIuWHy JIbJ O603HaIIHM T4epe3 d. 1-1pH
3TOM H3o6pa}KeHHe AHH'OJIS1 6yAeT HaXOAHTbCSI B TOTIKe zo=-2 d.
143BeCTHO, 4TO noTeHuHaJI MarHHTHOFO RHnOJIq B TO4IKe P(r, z), HaXo-
J[ALueIICft Ha paCCTOSIHHH P = V r2+ (z-z0) 2 OT Hero, onpeae.ISIeTCSI Bblpa-
}KeHHeM
z-zo
u=M
P
r;ie M = ISN - MoMeHT AHHOJIA;
1 - cHJIa Toxa;
S - nJIOIuaJLb paMKH;
C - CKOpoCTb CBeTa B nyCTOTe.
BbI4HCJIHB KOMUGHeHTbI MarHHTHOro HOJIH H no cpopMyJle H=-grad u,
'1 .7151 TOT1eK Ha nOBepXHOCTH JThJL nonyqHM aim AeIiCTBHTeJIbHOIO J[HHOJIA
M
Hlz - (1)
H,Z=HIw 0
HanpaBJleHHe BepTHKaJIbHO cocTaBJISIIoujeil MarHHTHOro nOJISI 6yAeT
o6paTHO HanpaBJieHH1o MOMeHTa JLHHOJISi.
OT H306pa}KeHHH aHnOJIq B TeX }Ke ToTIKaX nOJTy4THM
H2z=- M [2 (2d)2-r21
H2i=- M 3r (2d) (2)
H2 9 = 0
HanpaBJleHHe BeKTOpa H2 Ha HOBepXHOCTH JIbJ1a 6yAeT McHHTbC51 C 'H3-
McHeHHeM r. BeJIHLIHHy KOMHOHeHT CyMMapHOrO nOJIST fOJIylIHM, CJIO}KHB
Bblpa?KeHHe (1) H (2):
M 30
r3 V 1 -+d2
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YroJl HaKJIOHa BeKTOpa MarHHTHOro nOJI5 K rOPH3OHTBJibHON UJIOCKOCTH
onpeAeJixeTCSi Bblpa}KeHHeM
J
a=arctg H,- = arctg V 1 4230 202-1 (4)
Ha pnc. 1 113o6pa}Kexbl noJASi HI n 112 H cyMMapxoe rio ie H=H1+H2
npH pa3JIHIHbIX 3Ha ieHHS1X R= d , npH9eM B Ka)KAOI-I TOLIKe nPHHSITO H1= 1.
H3 I OPMYJIbl (4) caieAyeT, LITO yrOJI HaKJIOHa BeKTOpa MarHHTHOrO nOJI51
3aBHCHT TOJIbKO OT 0. 1-1o3TOMy, H3MepHB rx H 3HaH r, JierKO HaIiTH HHTepe-
CY1OHi 1O HaC TOJIIUHHY JIbAa d.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B anpeJle - Mae 1958 r. JleaoHcc.neaoBaTeJIbcKHM OTplaOM BbICOKOIIIH-
pOTHOH B03avLHHOH 3KCneaHUHH Ha apeg(~ytoiief CTaHUHH 6bIJIH BnepBble npOBe,'IeHbI OnbITHble pa60Tbi rio H3MepeHHIO TOJI-
IIjHHbI Jlbaa aHFIOJIbHbIM 3JIeKTp0MarHHTHbIM McTO,aOM 1. Floao6Hble pa6oTbl
HMeJIH OCHOBHOH UeJlblO anpo6Hp0BaHHe caMOro McTo)Ia B eCTeCTBeHHbIX
yCJIOBHHX. HOCKOJIbKy cneuHajIbHOH annapaTypbl a.ii i 3TOI'O McToaa He
6bIJIO, HaMH HCfOTb3oBaJIaCb HMeBI.IIa5C5I CTaHaapTHa} annapaTypa H npo-
CTeHIHHe yCTpOHCTBa.
BepTHKaJIbHbIFi MarHHTHbIH aiirOJIb HMHTHpOBaJIC5l Kpyi- ioii 3KpaHH-
pOBaHHOH paMKOFi aHaMeTpOM 34 cM, COCTOHLIIeH H3 12 BHTKOB H3oJlHpoBaH-
HOrO npOBoaa. PaMKa 6bLJIa 3aKpenJTeHa Ha TeKCTOJIHTOBOH KpbILLIKe aepe-
BHHHOrO CTOJIHKa BbICOTOli 55 CM. Ha KpbIHlKe 6bIJIH yCTaHOBJIeHbI aBa B3a-
HMHO-nepneHJHKyJIHpHbIX ypOBHH, no KOTOpbIM npOH3Bo1 HJIaCb YCTaHOBKa
paMKH 'B ropH30HTaJIbHoe HOJIO}KeHHe.
KaK nOKa3aHo paHee [5], paMKy TaKorO pa3Mepa MO}KHO CLIHTaTb 3a aH-
nOJIb y Ke Ha pa.cCTOHHHH r~ 1,5 M. PaMKa rH6KHM KOaKCHa.IbHbIM npo-
BOJIOM coeaHHHJIacb c reHepaTOpOM CHrHaJIOB BHJIeogaCTOTbI THna FC-100H.
Aim noJIy4eHHH MaKCHMaJIbHOIO TOKa npH 3aJIaHHOM HanpH}KeHHH nocJie-
aOBaTejIbHO C paMKOIi BKJIIOT3aJIC5I KOHaeHcaTOp nepeMeHHOH eMKOCTH
C= 1000 pF, a 1jimH H3MepeHHH TOKa - MHJIJIHaMHepMeTp Tnna T-20.
Pe30HaHCHaz gaCTOTa KOHTypa mom a McHHTbC5I OT 1000 jo 200 K2(4.
CHJIa TOKa B paMKe JIOCTHraJIa 75 Ma. MarHHTHbIH MOMeHT aHHOJIH npH
BTOM COCTaBJIHJI M N 82 CGSM .
l-lpHeMHaH yCTaHOBKa COCTOHJTa H3 TaKOH xKe paMKH, KaK reHepaTOpHaH,
H3 pe3oHaHCHoro yCHJIHTeJIH H JIaMHOBOrO MHJIJIHBOJIbTMeTpa THna MBJI-1.
flpHeMHalI paMKa TaK}Ke 3aKpenJI5IJIaCb Ha TeKCTOJIHTOBOH HJIHTe C BbICT'y-
naiOnjeH OCbIO, COBnaaaiomei C aHaMeTp?OM paMKH. BOKpyr 3TOH OCH paMKa
Morjia BpaHIaTbCH Ha 90?. Ha CTOJIHKe 6bIJI HenOJIBH}KHO yCTaHOBJIeH
TpaHCnOpTHp, HeHTp KOTOporo COBnaaaji c IjeHTpOM OCH paMKH. Ha OCH
paMKH }KeCTKO 6blJIa yKperi ieHa CTpeJIKa, r103BOJIHBLnaq npOH3BOaHTb OT-
CTieT yr.IIOB HO TpaHCnOpTHpy C TOTIHOCTbIO jo 0?,5. IIpH rOpH30HTaJIbHOM
nOJIO}KeHHH paMKH CTpeJIKa yCTaHaBJIHBajIaCb Ha 0?. 1 OpH30HTaJIbHoe no-
JTO3KeHHe paMKH KOHTpOJIHpOBaJIOCb TaK}Ke RBYMH B3aHMHO-nepneHijHKyJtHp-
HbIMH ypOBH51MH.
PaMKa HpHCoeaHHHJIaCb K yCHJIHTejIIo BKpaHHpOBaHHbIM npOB0a0M.
KO3C!X HUHeHT yCHJIeHHSI Ha yKa3aHHbIX TiaCTOTax COCTaBJISIJI OKOJIO 2000.
C yCHJIHTeJIH CHI'HaJI noJjaBaJICH Ha JIaMnoBbIli MHJIJIHBOJIbTMeTp.
1IHTaHHe reHepaT-Opa, yCHJIHTeJIH H MHJIJIHBOJIbTMeTpa OCyLueCTBJIHJIOCb
OJ[HOi 3JIeKTpoCHJIOBOH yCTaHOBKOH MOHjHOCTblO 650 8T, npH Hanp5uKeHHH
127 B THna . BO BpeMH H3MepeHHH 3Ta yCTaHOBKa pacno.nara.nacb
Ha pa0CT05IHHH 15-20 M OT reHepaTOpHOH H npHeMHOH yCTaHOBOK. KaxC-
aaH H3 yCTaHOBOK CT0HJIa Ha OTaeJIbHbIX caHcaX, KOTOpbie nepeaBHraJIHCb
OT TO4KH K TOTIKe 'BpyTIHyIO HJTH TpaKTOpOM.
KaK CJieayeT H3 TeOpHH McTOaa [4], HaH6oJTee paIjHOHaJIbHbIM HHaHKa-
TOpOM RJIH H3MepeHHH rJIy6HHbI 3aJTeraHHH npOBOaHIljero cno i, B aaHHOM
CJIyTiae TOJIIIjHHbI Jlbaa, HBJIHeTCH yroJI HaKJIOHa BeKTOpa MarHHTHOro 10J15I,
C03aaBaeMoro rOpH3oHTaJIbHOH paMKOH.
B COOTBeTCTBHH C BTHM 6bIJIa pa3pa6OTaHa McTOaHKa H3MepeHHH.
B TOTIKe Ha6J[IOAeHHH yCTaHaBJIHBaeTCH B ropH3oHTaJIbHOM nOJIO}KeHHH
paMKa, T;epe3 BHTKH KOTOpOH nponyCKaeTCH nepeMeHHbIH 3JIeKTpHTIeCKHH TOK
onpeaeJIeHHOH HaCTOTbl, Bblpa6aTbIBaeMbiI renepaTOpoM. Ha HeKOT?OpOM,
CTpOrO npOMepeHHOM paCCTOHHHH OT LeHTpa reHepaTOpHOH paMKH yCTa-
HaBJIHBaeTCH rlpHeMHaH paMKa, KOTOpaH MO}KeT BpalijaTbCH BOKpyr ropH-
B npOBeaeHnH HoJIeBbIX pa6oT npIIHHMaJIH y~,cTxe COTpyJHHKH Ka4)eJIpbi 4 H3HKH
3eMHOFI KOpbI JIeHHHrpa,gCKOrO rOCyJjapCTBeHHOI'O yHHBepCHTeTa E. M. JIHHbKOB, 10. B. Kea-
pHH H COTpyJIHHKH ApKTH9ecKorO H allTapKTHgeCKOrO HHCTHTyTa A. H..IIHCTOB, H.11.AJIeK-
ceeB H C. E. HHKOnaeB.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B IIOJIHOM COOTBeTCTBHH C TeOpHel McTOJja [4].
30HTaJIbHoA OCH, cOBnaaaloluei3 c ee J HaMeTpOM. 3Ta OCb aOJI)KHa 6bITb
nepneH,aHKynxpxa JIHHHH, npoxoaauiei tlepe3 ueHTpbI nepeaaiolueii H npHeM-
HOFi paMOK. HaBeaeHHa51 B npHeMHOH paMKe 3. A. C. yCHJiHBaeTCH YCHJIH-
TeJIeM H noaaeTCH Ha HHJZHKaTOp. Bo H36e}KaHHe npHeMa BO3M0}KHbIX no-
CTOpOHHHX 3JIeKTpOMa'FHPITHbIX noMex YCHJIHTeJIb AOJI}KeH 6bITb H36Hpa-
TeJIbHbIM.
,Jia onpeaeJleHHc yma HaKJIOHa BeKTOpa MarHHTHorO no.ia npxeMHa5T
paMKa rIOBOpatiHBaeTC5 BOKpyr OCH JjO TeX nop, nOKa HH1[HKaTOp nova
OTMeTHT OTCYTCTBHe (HJIH MHHHMaJIbHOe 3Ha4eHHe) HanpH}KeHH5 B paMKe.
143MepeHHbIii TaKHM o6pa3oM yroji Me}KJ[y fJIOCKOCTbJO paMKH H rOpH30H-
TOM H 5IBJI5ieTCH yrJioM HaKJIOHa BeKTOpa MarHHTHOro fOJIM 'K ropH30HTaJIb-
HON nJIOCKOCTH a.
IIpH pa60Te Ha ape9q)yiolueiki CTaHUHH HaCTpoHKa Ha MHHHMaJIbHOe 3Ha-
tieHHe CHrHaJIa npH pa3JIHtIHO1i TOJIMHHe JIbaa 6bIJIa AOCTaTOtIHO OCTpOii,
TaK tITO OUIH6Ka B onpeaeJieHHH yma HaKJIOHa He npeBbiinaJia 0?,5.
rlocJie H3MepeHHa yma HaKJlona a, no rpacpHKy, nOCTpoeHHOMy no (pop-
MyJie (4), onpeaeJiaeTCn OTHOn1eHHe R = D , rae D - paCCTO5HHe OT nJIO-
CKOCTH paMKH a0 BOabI. r1OCKOJIbKy r H3MepaeTC51 MepHbIM IIIHypOM, HCKO-
Maa Bej1HtIHHa D onpeaeJlae'TC5 no (popMyJle D=R W.
,UJIa HOJiytleHH5 3HatieHHa TOJILUHHbI Jlbaa d HeO6XOIHMO H3MepHTb pac-
CTOaHHe OT rIJIOCKOCTH paMOK a0 JIbAa dp VH BbI4IeCTb ero H3 D, T. e.
d=D-d p. Be.IHUHHa dp H3MepaeTCa 06bIgHOH CHerOMepHOH peHKOld.
IIepBble H3MepeHHa TOJILUHHbI JIbaa npOBOJZHJIHCb B OAH'Ofl TOtIKe Ha pa3-
JIHgIHbIX t1aCTO'TaX H paCCTOIHH5IX Me}Kay paMKaMH. 3T0 6blJlo Heo6xoaHMo
aJ1a OIIpeaeJieHH5 OHTHMaJIbHOIi tIaCTOTbI H pa3HOCa. OaHOBpeMeHHO C H3Me-
peHHeM yma Ha'KJIOHa onpeAeJIaJIOCb I1OKa3aHHe MHJIJIHBOJIbTMeTpa, COOT-
BeTCTByloluee BepTHKaJIbHOH COCTaBJIal0IueH MarHHTHOPO nOJla Hz H MHHH-
MaJIbHOMy 3HatleHHlo Hmi? npH onpeaeJleHHH yr.iia HaKJIOHa.
KaK BHaHO H3 Ta6J1. 1, Ha BCeX yKa3aHHbIX tiaCTOTax n'OJIytlaIoTCH OAHH
H Te }Ke 3Ha4eHH51 vrjia m, CJIeJOBaTeJIbHO, TOJILuHHbI JlbJla. 3TO 'HaXOILHTCS
200
250
300
400
500
600
a I
D Hx I Hmin
a I
D ` Hz
Hmin a
D I Hz
Hmin
70
11,41 70
70
11,4; 30
70
11,4 100
11,4
170
84
11,6
320
70
11,4 170
11,4
300
84
11,6
700
70-69,5
11,4
150
11,4
300
84
11,6
700
70
11,4
150
11,4
300
83,5-84
11,6
620
HeCKOJIbKO ApyrHe 3HatleHHa D, no.IytieHHble npH r= 12 M, 06"bHCHHIOTCa
TeM, tITO npH TaKHX 60JIbLUHX yr.iax HaKJIOHa (84?) TO4IHOCTb onpeAeJieHH 1
TOJIHLHHbI CHH}KaeTC51.
YgHTbIBaa, tiTO Ha CTaHUHH MOrJIH BCTpeTHTbCs
66JIbLuHe 3Ha4eHHa TOJILUHHbI JIbaa, t1eM B gaHHOfI TOtiKe, aim aaabHeAunix
pa6oT 6bIJI Bb16paH pa3HOC r=20 M, aJI51 KOTOpOro no cpopMy.le (4) 6buuI
.IOCTpOeH rpa(pHK 3aBHCHMOCTH a (D) (pHC. 2).
IIpH Bb16ope gaCTOTbI PyKOBOJZCTBOBaJIHCb MaKCHMaJIbHON OCTPOTOH Ha-
CTpO1iKH, KOTOPaa B HeKOTOpOM CTeneHH MO}KeT 6bITb OXapaKTepH3OBaHa
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BCJIHgHHOA OTHOHIeHHH Hz
KaK BHaHO H3 TaNi. 1, Ma,KCHmmbHOe OTHO-
Hx Hmin
HIeHHe Ha6JIIOZ[aeTCH 1[.,251 gaCTOTbI f=300 Ka14. DTa gaCTOTa m 6b1JIa
Hmin
HpHHATa Jjjii 1jaJIbHenIIIHX pa60T. 3aMeTHM, 1TO BeJIIigHHa OTHoweHHA Hz
o6ycoOBJIHBaeTCSI He TOJIbKO (~H3HKON 3JIeKTpoMarHHTHOrO HOJIA, HO H Ka-
geCTBOM anrapaTypbl Ha pa3JIHgHbIX gaCTOTaX, rJIaBHbTM o6pa3oM yCHJIH-
TeJIH (KO3q)(I)HIjHeHT yCHJIeHHA, CO6CTBeHHble II1yMbI, 1jo6pOTHOCTb KOHTypa
H T. a.). L JIA OIjeHKH TO4HOCTH McTOJja cepHA HOCJiejyJOHjHX H3MepeHHi1
TOJIIIiHHbI JIb;ja 6bIJIa HpoBeJjexa B03JIe TOgeK, rte TOJIHjHHa paHee OHpe,ae-
T LJacb 6ypeHHeM (Ta6ji. 2).
10 12 14 16 8
PHc. 2. Fpa J ii 3aBHe!I)7ocTH a (D).
KaK BH,ZHO I13 Ta6Jl. 2, COBHajellHe pe3yJIbTaTOB H3MepeHHA TOJIHjIIHbi
JIb,2a 6ypCHHeM H 3JIeKTPOMaFHHTHbIM McTO,jOM BHOJIHe y,2OBJIeTBOpHTe.,7b-
HOC, 3a IiCkJIK)geHHeM TOOKH N2 5. DTa TOOKa HaXOIHJTaCb Ha paCCTOAHHH
IIpiMepHo 70 M OT rII1ZpOJIorHgecKOlt ZyHKII. OKOJIO 3TOFi xce JI HKH 6b1JIo
BbIHOJIHCHO euje o,uHO H3MCpeHHC - B TO4Ke N2 6. Pe3yJibTaTbI HOC.nexiero
3HagHTCJIi1Ho 6JIHAle K BeJIHgHHe, OHpe,jeJTeHHOH HeHocpe,jCTBeHHb1JT H3Me-
peHHCM.
B ,2a.,iLHefIHeNI B paiioHe 3TOFi ?TIVHKH 6bIJIH HpOBe,jeHbl 113MepeHHA TO.1-
HjHIIbI Tb. 1 no JBN'M Hp0q)HJI3lM C gejlbio OHpe jejleHljB rpaHHljbl OCTpOB-
110r0 :Ibja if HpHHan. HH3MepeHHH B 6JIH}Kal[IDHX K .TIyHKe TOtiKaX OTMCTHJIH
TO?IIgHIIy Ju,ja 4,25 Al no oxHOMy Hp0{j)Har0 H 3,9 At - Ho apyroMy. C,ne,jo-
BaTe.nbHO, TOJ'IIIlHiHa :Ib,2a BOKpyr JIVHKH He OIHHaKoBa. FIO3TOMy TOJIH(HHy
.1b,ja 3,2 At V .IIVIIKH HCJIb3H HpHHHTb paBHOFI TOJIIUHHe Jlb,ja B TOOKe N2 5
ii N2 6.
BypCHHe B TOOKAX N2 7-12 IIPOH3BOJHJIOCb 0,21IOBpeMeHHO C HpOH3BO,j-
CTBOM H3MepCHHFi 3JIC'KTPOMaFHHTHbIM McTOJjOM. DTH TOOKH HaxojHJIHCb Ha
..11 HHe, OTCT0flBHIe11 3a HeCKOJIbKO ,ieCATKOB KHJIOMeTpOB OT Jjpell(pvloHjela
('TaHijl(IJ .
HpOBe.jellllble OIIbITHnIe pa60Tbl HOKa3a,IH, OTO .2HHOJIbHb1F( 3JIeKTpOMar-
lim'Hbi1i McTO,j BHO.IHe MON{CT 6bITb HCHOJIb3OBaH j.JIA H3MepeHHH TOJIAIHH
1!>.2a 13 IIO,ICBbIX V-C,-IOBHAX. IIpH 3TOM o6paueHHe c Hp116opoM HecjIo)HHO H
(3 I1pu6ac>n,l ApKrlnal a AIITip6TIIH17. 6bu1. 3
81
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TojiMHHa nbRa, onpepleaeHHaa 6ypeHHeM H 3JIeKTpoMarHHTHbIM
(B McTpax)
N2
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d 6yP
6=-9,7 9,5 0,1=0,2
9
1=2
,
10,0 9,7 0,3
3
10,8 10,8 0
0
10,5 10,4 0,1
1
2 3,85 0,65
3
20
,
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4,7
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0
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1
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6
He Tpe6yeT OT Ha6nIoaaTenH KaKOu-JIH6o CneaHa.IbHOH no) r'OTOBKH HJIH
npaKTH4eCKHX HaBbIKOB. AnnapaTypa paCCLIHTaH 13Meo woeno HaKJIOHa
6bICT'poe nepeMeLUeHHe C O LHOI-i TOLIKH Ha apyryio. P yriia
B OJIHOH TOLIKe BMeCTe C yCTaHOBKOA annapaTypbI 3aHHMaeT He 60nee 5 MUK.
x 8
PHC. 3. flpo4 MJH1 aelLBHoro ocTpoBa JpeH4 yIouteH cTaHIHH aCeaepHbff
nonloc-6>>.
f oc ie yCnelUHO BbInOJIHeHHbIX HCnbITaHHH 6bina npOBeaeHa C'beMKa
JZpeI3q)yiOUJ.er0 neAHHOro OCTpOBa, Ha KOTOPOM pacnoJIaraJlaCb CTaHLLHSI, no
ABYM npO4THJIHM o6meH npOTH}KeHHOCTblO 18 K.M.
,qJIH pa36HBKH H 3aKpenJIeHHH CTBOPOB HCnOJIb3oBaJlaCb ynpomeHHaH
njIaHOBaH OCHOBa, COCTOHBHIaH H3 LIeTblpex OnopHblX nyH'KTOB. Ha McCT-
HOCTH CTBOpbI 3aKpenJIHJIHCb XOPOH1o 3aMe'rHbIMH OpHeHTHpaMH HJIH Cne-
I[HaJIbHbIMH BeXaMH, KOTOpble BbICTaBIIu Cb B npoucce e pa60TbI.
400 At, H3Me-
HHe Me}KI[y npOMepHbIMH TOLIKaMH, paC
pHJIOCb MepHbIM 100-MeTpOBbIM IHHypoM. Ha HeKOTOpbIX ytlacTKax CTBOpa
C pe3KHM H3MeHeHHeM TOJIIn,HH npoMepbI npOBOAHJIHCb Llepe3 50 M. Ha
pllc. 3 n'OKa3axbl np04)HJIH JIe1[HHOPO OCTpOBa, nOCTpoeHHble no pe3yJIbTa-
TaM H3MepeHHH TOJIIUHH nbaa 3JIeKTPOMarHHTHbIM McTOAOM.
He HMeH B'03MO)KHOCTH OAHOBpeMeHHO C H3MepeHHeM TOJIUJHH nbAa np0-
BeCTH HHBeJIHpOBKy, npH nOCTpoeHHH npo4nuieH rny.6HHy norpyxceHHH nblia
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
onpeJ1eaHJIH pac4eTHbIM nyTeM no (1OpMyJIaM aJIA H3OcTaTH4eCKoro paBHO-
BeCHH Jlbaa. 3TO He j aeT cylaeCTBeHHOR oIIIH6KH B OnpeaeJieHHH rJIy61mbl
norpy}KeHHH JlbJja, nOCKOJIbxy JIeJj ocTpoBa no cBoeMy cTpoeHHlo OJ[HOpoJj-
hblli H HMeeT 'CrJIa]KeHHble (popMbl peJibe(pa.
AJIH paC4eTa Cpe,IjHHH HJIOTHOCTb JIbJja npH-HHMaJIacb paBHOFi 0,917 2/CM3,
HJIOTHOCTb MOpCK01i BOJjbI - 1,024 2/CM3, IIJIOTHOCTb CHera - 0,3 2/cM3. Kax
nOKa3aJIH H3MepeHHH, npOBeJ[eHHble B 60 TO4KaX OCTpOBa, TOJI1J1HHa Jlbaa
113MeHHeTCH OT 6,1 ao 12 M npH cpeJHeM 3HageHHH 9,7 M. MHHHMaJlbHble
TOJILUHHb1 a o 6,1 M OTMegeHbI B IOrO-BOCTOgHO1i 4aCTH OCTpOBa, rlje HMeeTCH
He60JIbI1IaH BnaAHHa. KCTaTH CKa3aTb, HMeHHO B 3TOii 4aCTH OCTpOBa Bec-
HOii 1958 r. OTKOJIOJIOCb JIea3lHoe rime nJIOiLjaJjbiO OKOJIO 2-3 KM2.
PeJibe(p JIeJ[HHOrO OCTpOBa HMeeT 0T4eTJIHBO Bblpa}KeHHyIO BOJIHHCTOCTb,
06ycJIOBJIeHHVIO 4epeJjOBaHHeM He60JIbIUHX fOJIOrHX JIO}K6HH H AIHpOKHX
nJIOCKHX rpe6Heii, XOpOIIIO 3aMeTHbIX Ha HH)KHeIi nOBepXHOCTH npo(pHJIeiI.
Ha BepXHeN nOBepXHOCTH OCTpoBa BOJIHHCTOCTb HOtTH He 3aMeTHa Ha o6-
11jeM cpaBHHTeJibHO pOBHOM (1OHe CHe}KHoro nOKpOBa H o6Hapyx{HBaeTC31
TOJIbKO C rIOMOlljblO HHBeJIHPOBKH. OTH'OCHTeJIbHble KOJIe6aHH5I BbICOT, no
AaHHbIM HHBeJIHPOBaHHH nOBepXHOCTH OCTpOBa Ha npo(f HJIe npOTH]KeH-
IIOCTbIO 9 KM, npOBeJjeHHOrO COTpy;jHHKaMH apeg(pyiouieii CTaHUHH B 1956 r., COCTaBJIHK)T OT 20 Ao 70 CM. aJIH HH}KHeii noBepx-
HOCTH JIb;ja MaKCHMaJIhHaH pa3HOCTb OTMeTOK COCTaBJIHeT aO 590 CM, 4TO B
8-10 pa3 6o.nee, 4eM Ha nOBepxnocTH ocTpoBa.
BOJIHHCTOe CTpOeHHe HBJIHeTCH XapaKTepHOH oco6eHHOCTbi3 6OJIbWHH-
CTBa apefq)y10WHX JIeaHHbIX O'CTpOBOB, 06pa3OBaHHe KOTOpbIX CB313aHO
C pa3pyweHHeM CBoeo6pa3Hor0 BOJIHHCTOCO HIeJIb(pa B CeBepH01i 4aCTH
3eMJiH 9JIbCMHpa.
Pe3yJIbTaTbI onpeaejieHHH TOJILUHH Jlb,aa, npOBeJjeHHble Ha apeki yioiueh
cTaHUHH 3JIeKTPOMarHHTHbIM McTOJjOM, HarJI5i HO
nO1LTBep}K,aa10T npaKTH4ecKyio npHMeHHMOCTb TeopeTH4eCKHx O60CHOBaHHA
McTOJja. gajibHeAwaq 3aJjaga 3aKJiio4aeTcH npe)Kae Bcero B C03AaHHH
nOpTaTHBHOFI annapaTypbI, YCOBepiueHCTBOBaHHH McTOJjHKH H3MepeHHH H
peiueHHH pH1ta TeOPeTH4eCKHX BOnpOCOB, CBH3aHHbIX C BJIHHHHeM KOHe4HOH
HPOBOAHMOCTH Jlbaa H MOpCKOii BOJjbl Ha pe3yJibTaTbl H3MepeHHFI H yea
3THX (paKTOpOB.
Jlocrynuaa 2/11 1959 e.
JIHTEPATYPA
1. AnbnepT R. JI., rHH36ypr B. JI., (DeHH6epr E. A. PacnpOCTpaHeHHe
paAHOBOJIH. rOCTeXTeopeTH3AaT, M., 1953.
2. B o r o p O A C K H A B. B. YJIbTpa3ByKOBOA MQTOA OnpeAeJIeHHH TOJIMHHbl JIbAOB.
C60pH. 60?) CyTOiI-
HbI14 XOa MarHHTHOA aKTHBHOCTB B CHJIbHOI'I CTeneHH 3aBHCHT He TOJIbKO OT
IHHpOTbI, HO H OT aOJIFOTbI.
H3 PHC. 1 BHJHO, qTO HaH60JIee cylueCTBeHHble pa3JIHLINN B cpeAHec NH-
TeHCHBHOCTH MarHHTHbIX 'BO3MyLueHHA HMeIOT McCTO Me)Kay CTaHLIHNMH:
MHHyK, AMKHHKyp H LIeJIbTeHX3M B CeBepHOA AMepHKe H CTaHL u5IMH: Jlep-
BHK, ,OM6ac, DCKaaJIeMIoHp H Pyae CKOB B EBpone. 143 Ta6J1. 2 BHaHO,
LITO IJIN ceBepoaMepHKaHCKHX CTaHIILIH npH cpeJHeA IHHpOTe (D=55?,6 cpe11-
HNN cyMMa EK=902, T'Oraa KaK aJIN eBponeiCKHX CTaHLIHA npH cpeaxef
HIHpOTe q)=59?,8 cpeJHRN cyMMa EK=801. HaH6OJIee 3Ha'IHTeJIbHa1 pa3-
HHLIa OKa3bIBaeTCH Me)Kay CTaHUHNMH L1eJIbTeHX3M ((I)=50?,1), gJIN KOTOPOA
EK=837, H JIepBHK (D=62?,5) aJ(N KoTOpof E K=808. IlpH pa3HHue B
reoMarHHTHoI LHHpoTe 12?,5 EK ui i 6ojiee IOMKHOA CTaHLjHH ia>Ke He-
CKOJIbKO 6oJlbLue, LIeM aJIN 60JIee CeBePHOA.
Ha3HaHHe
Ha3BaHHe
CTaHIIH11
CTaHI(HH
MIIHyK
61?,8
954
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55,0
916
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62 ,3
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50,1
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58,5
802
Pyae CKOB
55 ,8
789
Cpeuxee . . .
55?,6
902
Cpe3Hee . . .
59?,8
801
CJleayeT 1PH 3TOM OTMeTHTb, qTO LIHMKHHA npeaeji K=9 jl,N JIepBHKa
HpIHNT paBHbIM 10007, a aJIN LIeJIbTeHX3Ma - 500 7. floJIyT1eHHbIA pe3yJlb-
TaT rOBOpHT 0 3HaLIHTejIbHOM HeCOOTBeTCTBHH Me}Kjly re0MarHHTHOA LHHpO-
TOA, Cpe4HeA MarHHTHOA aKTHBHOCTbK) 3THX CTaHUHH H HpNHRTbIMH HHMK-
HHMH npeaeJTaMH IIJIN K=9.
AHaJIorHLIIlo HH}KHHcI npeaeJI K=9 aimN L1OM6aca [5] npHHNT paB-
HbIM 750 7, TOraa KaK ,'j,TN CT3HUHH JIepBHK H MHHyK, LIMeIOLUHX 1OLITH Ta-
Ky1O MKe reoMarHlITHyIO IHHpOTy, 3TOT npejleji COCTaBJiseT 1000 H 1500 7
COOTBeTCTBeI-IHo. ECJIH HHMKHHA npeaeJI K=9 aJIN UoM6aca npHHHTb 6JIN3-
KHM K Hpe,geJIy 3THX JLByX CTaH1HA, TO E K aJIN ;IoM6aca yMeHb[HHT'CN ewe
60JIbHIe, T. e. B03paCTeT HecOOTBeTCTBHe c reoMarHHTHOA HJHpOTOA 3TOA
o6cepBaTOPHII.
PaccMOTpeHHe npHBeaeHHbIX jaHHbIX yKa3b1BaeT Ha cyLueCTBOBaHLIe aOJI-
rOTHOro 3(pc])eKTa B cpexHei MarHHTHo9 aKTHBHOCTH. 3T0 aaeT OCHOBaHHe
npeanOJlaraTb, qTO yPOBeHb cpeaHeA MarHHTHOA a!KTIIBHOCTH Ha oaHHa-
KOBbIX reoMarHHTHbIX IHHPOTaX B o6111eM BbILHe Ha CTaHUHNX CeBepnoA
AMepHKH, LIeM B EBpOHe.
;IJIN HCCJieaOBaHHR BOnpOca 0 B03MOMKHOA 3aBHCHMOCTH MarHHTHOA
aKTHBHOCTII OT JOJIrOTbI 6bIJIH HCNOJIb3oBaHbI 3HageHNN K-HHaeKCOB aJIN
18 MarHHTHblx 06cepBaTOpNA, pacHOJIOMKeHHbIX Ha TeppHTOpHH COBeTCKOrO
C0I03a. C 3TOA ueJIbIO 6bIJIH HOaCLIHTaHbI E K aJIH oKTN6ps, HOR6ps H ae-
Ka6pH 1956 r. H cpeJ HNN EK IJIN 3THX Tpex Mec5LIeB (Ta6JI. 3 H pic. 2). 113
3TOro pHCyHKa CJIe,gyeT, LITO 3Ha'IeHHH K aJIH Bcex 18 MarHNTHbIX CTaHIUNA
COBeTCKOIO C0103a OTJIIILIaIOTCN, TOrlla KaK no Haee, 3aJIOMKeHHOA B Onpe-
aeJleHHe K-HHaeKCOB, S;K aOJIMKHbI 6bITb O;IHHaKOBbI J JIH BCCX y'IaCTByK)LIIHX
CTaHuHA.
To, qTO B aaHHOM CJIy'Iae MOMKHO rOBOPHTb o6 OnpeaeJleHHOA 3aKOHO-
MepHOCTH, a He 0 CJIyLiaiHbIX OTKJIOHeHHNX, CJleayeT H3 rpa(JHKa E K, Ha
KOTOpOM KpHBble aJIN Tpex pa3HbIX Mec5iueB nOLITH B TOLIHOCTH HOBTOpsK)T
apyr apyra.
88
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CyMMbI I(-HHAeKCOB AJI9 Tpex McCAIjeB 1956 r.
Ns
H/H
OKTB6pb HOH6pb aeKa6pb
1
6yxTa THxaH
789
898
787
825
2
MBTOYKHH hap
686
791
695
724
3
O. ,LjHKCOHa
914
1089
894
966
4
y3J1eH
684
817
610
704
5
6yXTa THKCH
937
1065
878
967
6
JIeHHHrpa.a
583
650
489
574
7
CpeAHHKaH
585
784
563
644
8
BKyTCK
363
583
423
456
9
MoCKBa
731
810
709
750
10
Ka3aHb
419
602
357
459
11
CBepAJIOBCK
732
733
584
683
12
JIbBOB
550
643
513
569
13
OAecca
553
676
567
599
14
HPKyTCK
534
638
518
563
15
10>K HO-Ca xaJIHHCK
651
721
613
662
16
TOHJIHCH
616
765
674
685
17
BJIaAHBOCTOK
680
658
595
644
18
TaWKeHT
659
741
643
681
CpeJIHee.
648
759
617
675
H p 11 M e q a H H e. 3Ha4CHI15i I(-IfHAeKca B HpOHyu eHHble 4aCb1 Ilpll HOAcgeTe \'41ITbI-
BaJIHCb KaK cpeAHee H3 aaHHIIX HO OCTaJIbHbIM CTaHIIHHM.
AO CHX Hop 6bIJIO C5eJIaHO MaJIO HOHbITOK 06'bACHHTb aOJIrOTHbIII 3()C)eKT
B reorpa(~H4eCKOM paCHpeJ ejIeHHH MarHHTHoR aKTHBHOCTH, B03M0)icHoe
cyIueCTBOBaHIIe KOTOporo 6bIJIO HOj[Me4eHO y}Ke J aBHO. Maco [6] BbICKa3bl-
BaeT HpejjnoJIO}KeHHSI, LITO pacnpejje.leHHe MarHHTHOII aKTHBHOCTH no 3eM-
HOH HOBepXHOCTH JIy4Hie ynopSIj[OgHBaeTCH, eCJIH ClHTaTb ero 3aBHCSIIIlHM OT
reoMarHHTHOrO HOJIA, CyujeCT'ByIOIilerO Ha BbICOTe 5000 i i.
O JHaKO pe3yJIbTaTbl HccJIe4OBaHHH reorpacJH4eCKoro pacnpeJjeJleHHH
MarHHTHbIX B03MyWeHHN, HpoBeaeHIIbIX B HOCJIe4HHe rOjibI B ApKTH4eCKOM
H allTaPKTHgeCKOM HHCTHTyTe, J alOT OHpejleJleHHble B03MO)KHOCTH j[Jisl Ta-
KOro 061MICHeHHSi. HaMH Ha OCHOBe H3ygeHHSI pa6oT 1.11TepMepa 6bMJIo IIo-
Ka3aHO [3], 4TO Ha 3eMJIe MOryT CylueCTBOBaTb 4eTblpe 30HbI A, B, B H r
(pHc. 3), B KOTOpbIX HHTeHCHBHOCTb MarHHTHbIX B03Myn(eHHH aOJI>KHa HMeTb
nOBbluleHHoe 3HageHHe no cpaBHeHHIO C O6JIaCTSIMH, JIe}KaLUHMH BHe 3THX
30H. DTH 4eTblpe 30HbI Hpej[CTaBJIRK)T co60A B HepBOM HPH6JIH}KeHHH
OBaJIbI, BbITNHyTble K 3KBaTOpy H HOBepHyTble CBOeA 6OJIbI1IOFI OCbIO K BO-
CTOKy Ha 90? O,JHH no OTHOIIIeHHIO K jpyrOMy. B 30He A MarHHTHax aKTHB-
HOCTb HOBbIIIIeHa OKOJIO 14 k McCTHoro BpeMeHH, B 30He F) - OKOJIO 20 4,
B 30He B- OKOJIO 2 it H B 30He F- O'KOJIo 8 k.
AHaJIH3 pHc. 3 onpeaeJleHHO yKa3bIBaeT Ha TO, 4TO CpeaHHA MarHHTHaH
aKTIIBHOCTb 3a CYTKH aIOJI>KHa 3aBHCeTb OT JIOJIrOTbI CTaHIIHH, TaK KaK pac-
HOJIO}Ke.HHe TOIL HJIH J pyroll CTaHUJHH OTHOCHTeJIbHO yHOMAHYTbIX 4eTblpeX
30H MO}KeT 6bITb pa3JIHgHbIM. TaK, HOBbIIIIeHHyK) MaFHHTHyIO aKTHBHOCTb
Ha CTaIIIjHAX A}KHHKyp H t-1eJIbTeHX3M (CeBepHaH AMepHKa) HO cpaBHeHHK)
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17
PHc. 2. CyMMbI TpexvacoBblx N-HHAeKCOB no o6cepBa-
TOpHHM COBeTCKOrO C0103a Aim 1956 r.
a - HOH6pb; 6 - OKTA6pb; 6 - AeKa6pb; a - cpeJuIee
3a roA; A - HoMepa CTaHuHH no Ta6n. 3.
PHC. 3. CxeMaTHVeCKoe pacnoJIO)KeHHe Ha 3eMHON HOBepXHOCTH 9e-
TbIpeX 30H WTepMepa - A, B, B H 1' - C nOBbIIlleHHOH HHTeHCHB-
HOCTbIO MarHHTHO-HOHOC(pepHbIX B03Myu[eHHH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CO CTaHgHHMH 3CKJiaJIeMloHp H Pyae CKOB (EBporla) MO}KHO 06,bHCHHTb
TeM, LITO nepBble JLBe CTaHLLHH pacnoji xceHbl B o611aCTH, rje 30HbI A, B, B
TlepeKpbIBaloT Jipyr apyra. EBponeiiCKHe ,Ke CTaHIZHH HaXOJj5ITCcI B npeae-
JIaX OaHO1i 3OHbI. ECTeCTBeHHO, LITO B 06JIaCTH, rjie B Te'1eHHe CyTOK MarHHT-
Hble B03MyI1 eHH51 MOryT Ha6JIJOJ[aTbCH TpHB( bl, CpeaHHSI MarHHTHaH aKTHB-
HOCTb aiOJI)KHa 6bITb BbILue, 'eM B lipyrxx McCTaX, XOTH H padnoJIo3KeHHblX
Ha Tex 3Ke reoMarHHTHbIX LHHpOTax.
B HaCT05fnjee BpeMSI H3BeCTHO, 11T0 B reorpagwieCKOM pacnpejle ieHHH
HOHOCCpepHbIX BO3MynieHHli, nOJI5IpHbIX CHHHHFi H HeKOTOpbIX THIIOB KOpOTKO-
nepHoJiHLIeCKHX KOJIe6aHHFi 3JIeKTpHLIeCKoro HOJIH TaKM{e HMe1OT McCTO 3a-
McTHble aojirOTHbie 3(1If eKTbl. Bb1J10 6b1 LIpe3Bb1LIaNHO HHTepeCHO c feJlaTb
nOnbITKy o6-bHICHHTb 3TH aojirOTHbie 3CJ KTb1 C TOYKH 3peHN5l CyIIieCTBO-
BaHHA 30H ILITepMepa.
I103TOMy aaJ1bHeAiuee H3y4IeHHe reorpac)HLIeCKOro pacnpe.eneHH51 Mar-
HHTHbIX B03MyLLieHH i Ha OCHOBe 6o.lee penpe3eHTaTHBHb1X MarHHTHbIX xa-
paKTepHCTHK (HanpHMep, e}KegaCHOIi XapaKTepHCTHKH r//) npeaCTaB-
JIHeT 04eHb 60JIbm01i HHTepeC, TaK KaK II03BOJIHT, C O1iHOH CTOpOHbt, npo-
BepHTb npaBHJIbHOCTb npeJjnoJ1o KeHHB 0 CyIueCTBOBaHHH ynoMsiHyTbix L1e-
TbIpeX 30H nOBbIfueHHOIi MarHHTHOFI aKTHBHOCTH, c apyrog, - 6onee T09HO
HaI1TH HX pacnojlox{eHHe Ha 3eMHOH nOBepXHOCTH.
17ocrynuAa 24/X1 1958 e.
JIHTEPATYPA
1 . B e H b K O B a H. 11. CyTOYHbIA XOA MarHHTHoIl aKTHBHOCTH. Tpy,gb1 HHCT. 3eMH.
MarH., BbIn. 3(13), 1948.
2. H H K 0 JI b C K H 9 A. H. 0 BTOp0R 30He nOBumeHHOk HHTeHCHBHOCTH MarHHTHbIX
B03MyL1(eHH{{ B npHnoJuoCHO!'i o6aacTH. TpyAbl ApKT. HHCT., T. 83, 1956.
3. H H K 0 JI b C K H ii A. f7. 0 nJIaHeTapHOM pacnpeAeneHHH MarHHTHO-HOHoc4)epHWX
BO3MyiueH i H nOJIfipHUX CHHHHft. ,Z[OKJI. AKaA. HayK, T. 115, Ns 1, 1957.
4. B a r t e l s J. The three-hour-range index measuring geomagnetic activity. Terr.
Magn., vol. 44, Ns 4, 1939.
5. B a r t e 1 s J. Geomagnetic indices K and C, 1940-1946, 1955. IAGA Bull. Ns 12.
6. M a y a u d P. N. Activite magnetique dans les regions polaires. Exp. Pol. Franc.,
Ns 5, IV, 2, 1955.
7. S t a g g J. Numerical character-figures of magnetic disturbance in relation to
geomagnetic latitude. Terr. Magn., vol. 40, Ns 3, 1935.
8. S t a g J. The diurnal variation of magnetic disturbances in high latitudes. Proc.
Royal Soc.. (A), vol. 149. 1935.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1960 IIPOBJIEMbI APKTHKH H AHTAPKTHKH N 3
Y4ET TOPOCMCTOCTM JIb)jA [10 CTATMCTMgECKOR
O6PABOTKE MATEPHAJIOB A3PO4)OTOCbEMKM
311a4HTe:IbHaR 1aCTb apKTH4eCKI1X MopeH J )Ke B JIeTHHH nep to i HaXo-
!jIITCR nOi JIe,15iIlb1M IIOKpOBOM, KOTOpbIH RBJIReTCR 0.JHHM 143 OCHOBHbIX KJIH-
MaTO06pa3yIOLUIIX (])aKTOpOB B ApKTHKe. H03TOMy n01C4eT o61ljero 3anaca
J1b,3a otleHb Ba>KeH AJIH npOFHO3HPOBaHHR. KaK fOKa3aJIH HCCJIe,1OBaHH9, Ha-
JIH4He TOPOCOB yBeJIIi4HBaeT cpeuHK)K) TOJIIIwHy Jle,ij1HOro nOKJOBa [1],
06beM JIb7,a B TOpOCaX B OT1eJIbHbIX CJIyHa1X COCTaBJIHeT ao 40%, a B cpea-
HCM paBeli 25-30% o6Hjero o6beMa Jib1a [2].
B HaCTORLUee BpeMH Ha6.'IIo7,eHH9 3a JIe,7,BHbIM HOKPOBOM B APKTHKe npo-
II3BO12TCB C IIOMOIIjbIO aBHapa3HeA,OK, npH4eM Ha146OJIee 3(])(peKTHBHb1M Me-
T0,1OM no TOLIHOCTH HBJIReTCR a3p0(])OTOCbeMKa. MaTepHaJIbi a3po(JoTo-
CbeMKH n03BOJI5110T nOJIyLIHTb TaKHe KOJIH4eCTBeHHble XapaKTepHCTHKH, Kax
BbICOTbI OTACJIbIIb1X TOpOCOB, pa3MepbI TieagHb]X noTei4, pa3BOJLHFI H T. J1.
TOpOCHCTOCTb NIO>KCT onpe,leJIRTbCR JIH60 TOJIbKO B 6a.inaX, T. e. B npo-
UC11TaX FOKpblT1IH TOpOCaMH BCCH nJIOH1aJUH POBHOFO 3baa [2], JIH6o B 6a.i-
J1ax, HO C y4eTOM cpeaHCH BbICOTbI TOpOCOB [1]. B noC.3e,1HeM C~3V4ae C4H-
TaeTC51, 4T0 BCe TOpOCbI B ce'IeHHH HMeIOT CpOPMY paBHO6eapeHHOrO Tpe-
yrOJIbHIIKa. IIpH HaJIHgIIH TO.i3bKO BII3yaJIbHbIX J1aHHb1X, nOJly4aeMb1X npH
aBnapa3BCAKaX, TaKOFI MCTO.2 y4eTa TOpOCHCTOCTH RBJIReTCH e,1nHCTBeIIHO
no3MOAKIIb1M.
- t.151 C1L10IHHOI'O JIe,12HOr0 fOKPOBa o61.UHH o6beM J1b;La, 3aKJ1104eFIHbIH B
TOpocax H pOBHbIX J1C HHb1X fOJIHX, B 4aCTHOCTH, MO)KCT n0,1C4HTbIBaTbCH no
([)opNyJIe, npeAJlo>{eHHOH A. A. KIIpHJIJIOBbIM:
V=Sphp(1 +na), (1)
rae Sp - o6Hja 1 nJIOLLjafb, HOKpbITaH JIbIOM;
hP - TOJILIjHHa pOBI1or0 JIb1a;
1L-_ (N 100(ae si)
- K03(k)T1UneHT, XapaKTepH3yK)LUHB o6'beMHylo CpopMy HaaBO3.HOH H
rIOji3o HOH 4acTn TopocoB;
K03C])(])HUIIUHT 3aHOJ3HeHHH;
BJIOTHOCTb n01JIe1110H BOjjbI;
~~ - H.JIOTIIOCTb JIb,1a;
O( -TOpOCIICTOCTb, nOJ1CIIHTbIBaeMac B npoueHTax HOKpbITHR TopocaMH
o6njcf n.noiuajH SP (06b!4H0 0%Ke B OCHOBHOM 'B JO)KHbIX IiaCTAX: npoKJIaabIBaIOTCA >KeJIe3Hb1e jO-
po,rH A'LIHHCK - A6aJIaKOBO, A6aKaH - Ta6HIeT. Ha ceBepe C03JjaHbI JIHIIIb
npOMbIIHJIeHHble > n0 HpOH3BOJjCTBy H ao6bi'Ie UBeTHbIX McTaJIJI.OB,
30,TIOTa, aJIMa3OB.
B CBA3H C 3T'HM BOHpOCbI OCBOeHHII CeBepa, B IiaCTHOCTl1 CeBepHoro Mop-
CKOrO HyTH, 3aHHJIH n PH nOa1OTOBKe KOH())epeHUHH OT'HOCHTeJIbHO BTOpOCTe-
neHHoe MeCTO, OaHaKO B xojje perHOHaJIbHbIX COBeHjaHHII, a TaKNKe Ha KOH-
c))epeHUHH J[OKJIa,jbl H BbICTynJIeHHH npeaCTaBHTeJIeII psiaa opraHH3aJJ.HH
npHBJIeKJIH K 3THM BOnpOCaM aOBOJIbHo 60JIbUIOe BHHMaHHe. B Pe30JlI0UHSIX
AKyTGKOro H KpaCHOnpCKorO perHOHaJIbHbIX COBeII[aHHII BOIi OCbl OCBOeHHH
ceBepa BOCT'O1IHO(3 CH6HpH H CesepaorO MopcxorO nyTH HoJIyIIHJIH aocTa-
TOLIHO npaBHJlbaoe ocBeiiZeHHe.
H3 BOHpOCOB, K'OTOpble npHMO HJIH KOCBeHHO OTHOCHTC51 K pa3BHTHK) Ce-
BepHOro MOpCKOrO n'yTH, Ha perHOHaJIbHbIX COBeIU HHHX H Ha KOH(1JepeHILHH
paCCMaTpHBaJIHCb CJTeay!OliLHe:
D K C 1 O p T JI e c o a T e p n a JI 0 B. B aOKJiaae BacHJlbeBa 6bi,nH npn-
BeaeHbl c.Tleayionwe JjaHHble O 3anacax jpeBecHHbI B Jlecax BOCT'OLIHOII CH-
6HpH: 113 3aHaca JIeCOB CCCP B 75 MJzpd. J)23 Ha JIeca BOCTOgHOII CH6HpH
npHXOaHTCH 39 iiiipd. ml (52%). XOTSI 75% 3anacoB ,iecOB BOCTOgHOII CH-
OlpH COCTaBJI51 IOT cneJibie H nepecTO6Hble Haca>KaeHHSI H paCLieTHan Jleco-
ceica aOCTHraeT 733 .iw-i. At3, HcnOJlb3yeTCH TOJIbKO OKOJIO 6% F04HLIHOR ,Ie-
coceKH. 3TII -1alHbie cBHjeTeJIbCTByIOT 06 orpoMHbix, ewe c ia6o HCnOJlb-
3yeMbIX ,iecocblpbeBbIX B03MONCHOCTHX BOCTOLIHON CH611pH, HecMOTp}I Ha
6oJIbIIIOIi pOCT JIecO3aFOTOBOK H JiecoHHJIbHOfI npOMbIIHJIeHHOCTH.
L aJlbHel)IIIIHH BKCnopT ,ieca H3 EBpOHe6CKO6 IIaCTH CTpaHbI yBeJIHIIHT
ae(1)HUIITHOCTb ,ieciioro Oa.laHca 3THX pa6OHOB H TIOTOMy paUHOHaJIbHee
Obijio 6b1 reorpackHgeCKII nepepacnpeaeJlHTb JIeCHOII 3KCHOpT CTpaHbI B CTO-
POHy JIecoH36bITOLIHbIX 6aCCe6HOB 0611 H EHHCeH. HOCKOJIbKy aaJTbiiefHlee
pa3BHTHe JICCO3KCHOpTa H3 6acce6Ha 0611 3aTpyaHeHO 10 pa3peIIIeH,HSI
TpaHCHOpTHO6 npO6JTeMbl BbIXOAOB 113 Hero, Heo6xoaHMO pa3BHBaTb B III11-
pOKHX pa3Mepax ,ieCHOfl 3KCHOpT H3 6acCe6Ha EHHCeH. EaHHCTBeHHb1M nop-
TOM JJI}1 3T06 IjC.TIH HBJIHeTCH nOKa HrapKa.
I r1. $4. A H T P O F1 0 13. MIHHepa.ibII0-Cblpbenhle peCypCbl BOCTO4HOH CHGHp}i, nepCHeK-
THBbI HX pacwIlHpcHHH H OCBOeHHIl. AKaa. HayK CCCP, JjOK,'I. Ha HJIeHapHOM 3aceA. KOH~e-
peHgxH no pa3BHTHIO npOH3B. CHJI. BOOT. CHOHpm, M., 1958, cTp. 23.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
KpacHOxpCKoe perHOHaJlbHOe cOBeujaHHe HaMeTHJIO pe3KOe yBeJIH4eHHe
pa3Mepa 9KCHOPTa JIecOMaTepHaJIOB Iepe3 I4rapKy. B COOTBeTCTBHH C 3THM
peKOMeH,aOBaHO pa3pa6OTaTb npoeKT PeKOHCTPYKUHH HOpTa 14rapKH. Ha
TOT C.Ry4aN, eCJIH pa3BHTHe HrapCKOro rpy3006opoTa B Hy>KHOM pa3Mepe
OKa>KeTCH He3KOHOMHqHbIM, npeAJIO>KeHO H3bICKaTb HoBVIo aKBaTOPHIO Ha
EHHCee, BbIHIe HrapKH, npHrOUHyIO AJIH CTPOHTeJIbCTBa BTOporo JIeCHOro
MOpCKOrO H pe4HOro nopTa. HpH yCJ1OBHH C03,aaH11H pe4HOro (lJIOTa, npH-
CH0006JIeHHOrO ,1JISI nJIaBaHHSi no EHHCeIICKOMY 3a.IHBy, peKOMeHaOBaHO HC-
CTeaOBaTb BOnpOC o ueiiecoo pa3HOCTH HCIIOJIb3OBaHHH nopTa AHKCOH B Ka-
tieCTBe BCHOMoraTeJIbHOPO no OTHOIHeHHIO K HrapKe.
LJI2 yJIy!u1eHH5I nepeBO3KH H 11O1`py3KH JIecoMaTepHa.'I013 HaMe4eHO H3y-
Li11Tb BOnpOC 0 nepexoae Ha HOBble McTO,gbI H3rOTOBJIeHHSI H nepeBO3KH nHJ10-
MaTepHaJTOB, oCHOBaHHble Ha CTaHAapTH3aI.HH AOCOK HO AJIHHaM C TpaHCnOp-
THpOBKOIt HX B naKeTax.
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:IeHHOCTH BbIHBHJIHCb pa3JIH4Hble TO4KH 3peHH5I: Ha COBeujaHHH B KpaCHO-
5IpCKe HpejjJlaramCb paCfHJIOBKY Jleca B I4rapie CTa6HJIH3HpOBaTb Ha CyHje-
CTBylouleM yPOBHe H yBeJIH4HTb JIeCO3KCHOpT 3a C4eT Pa3BHTHH EHHCet1CKO-
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V3JIOB C aOCTaBKOFA JIeCOMaTepHaJIOB B HrapKy Ha 6ap>Kax. Ha KOH()ePeHILHH
>Ke B 14PKyTCKe HaMegajiocb yBeJIH4HTb np0ayK11HK) 14rapCKOro KOM6HHaTa
sa 10-15 JieT B 3-4 pa3a.
pa3BHTHe JIeCO3KCHOpTa, KaK H BOnpOC O CyaOXOACTBe B HH3OBb5IX EHH-
Ce 1, TeCHO CBH3a?H c npo6JleMoi3 pe>KHMa AHrapbl B nepHoA 3anOJIHeHH51 BO-
:jOXpaI1HJIHUja BpaTCKOM rHapocTaH11HH. CorJlacHO pac4eTaM, B 3TO BpeMH
)'POBeHb BO.1bI B yCTbe AHrapbl CHH3HTC5I jjo 20 cm, a Ha EHHCee peryJlI pylo-
IuHe rJIy6HHbI CHH35ITC I aO 120 CAt. HpH TaKOM nOJIO>KeHHH B nepnoa 3anoJl-
ileHH1l BpaTCKOrO BoaoxpaHHJIH1Ija CTaBHTCH HO,a yrp03y CnJ1aB JIeca C
AHrapbl H pe4Hoe CyaOXOACTBO Ha HH>KHeM EHHcee, OT KOTOPOFO 3aBHCIIT
C.Ha6>KeHne Hop HJIbCKO-,L1yaHHCKoro npoMbIulJIeHHO-TpaHcnOPTHOro y3JIa H
pa3BHTHe 14rapKH.
Ha TpaHCHOpTHON CeKIjHH 6bIJ10 3aCJlyluaHO cOo61IjeHHe npeaCTaBHTe.ISI
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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.IHTeJIbHbIX CHJI H HanpaBJIeHHSI HOBbIX rpy30nOTOKOB HO CeBepHOMy MOp-
CKOMy nyTH.
3. KOMnjieKca BOnpO'COB 3KOHOMHKH CeBePHoro MOPCKOrO nyTH, KaK Ma-
rHCTpaJIH MaCCOBbIX nepea03OK rpy30B (BOnpOCbl ce6eCTOHMOCTH, Hp'OH3BO-
;jHTeJIbHOCTH Tpyua, HCHOJIb3OBaHH51 TOHHa}Ka, 3(p()eKTHBHOCTH KanHTaJIb-
HbIX BJIO}KeHHcI, XO3pa'CtleTa).
K'pOMe Toro, Heo6xoAHMO yCHJIHTb KOMHJieKCHOe reorpa4JHlecxoe H3y-
tleHHe ceBepHbIX paliOHOB BOCTOTIHO1i CH6HpH A.n 1 PaILHOHaJIbHOI'O HCHOJIb-
3OBaHHSI BCeX BHAOB TpaHCIIOpTa H pOCTa 3Hat4eHHSI CeBepHoro MOPCKOrO
nYTH B TpaHerOpTHOIu 'CHCTeMe CTpaHbl.
B 3aKJIIOgieHHe CJieayeT yKa3aTb, TITO Ha KOH(pepeHIIHH BbISIBHJIOCb cJia-
6oe 3HaKOMCTBO IHHPOKHX KpyrOB ytleHbIX H apyrHx CneuHaJIHCTOB CO 3Ha-
14eHHeM H B03MO>KHOCTHMH CeBepHOrO MOPCKOrO HyTH, n03TOMy Heo6XOAHMO
LHpe ny6JIHKOBaTb pa60TbI no BOnpOCaM ero 3K0HOMHKH H 3KCnJIyaTaIuHH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1960 IIPOSJIEMbI APKTHKH H AHTAPKTHKH ) 3
OceHblO 1957 r. BcneACTBHe nOBb1HIeHHOH JleAOBHTOCTH B 3anaAHON 4aCTH MOpH JIan-
TeBbIX cesepHax 4aCTb XaTaHrcxorO 3aJInBa 6biJla nOgTH nOJIHOCT to 6JloKHposaHa Txxce-
.IbIMH MHOrOJIeTHHMH JIbAaMH. TaKHe JIeAOBbbe YCJIOBHH H HaCTyrlHBwee BHe3anHo pe3Koe
noxOJIOAaHHe o6ycJOBHJIH HCKJIIOgHTeJIbHO pannee .aeAoo6pa30BaHHe H yCTaHOBJIeHHe J1eAH-
HorO noxpoea Ha Bcex Pexax XaTanrcxoro 6acce1Ha.
B nepBbwX 4HCJIax OKT5i6pH 9Toro roAa rpynna CyAOB - 6yKCHpHbI{i napoxoA KACHMOB',
Ten. oxoj( x IKaH> H ri1Aporpa4IH4ecxoe C HO - npH CJIeAOBaHHH K McCTY Ha3Ha-
'IeHHH 6bIJIa 3aCTHrHyTa BHe3anHbIM Jlej(oo6pa3OBaHHeM B CeBQPHOFi 4aCTH XaTaHrCKOrO
3aJIHBa. ITOnbITKa npOiITH B p. XaTaHry AJIH 3HMHero OTCTOH B XaTaHrCKOM nOPTY He yBeH-
4aJlacb yCHeXOM, H cyaa BbIHY)KAeHb1 6b1JI1I CTBTb Ha 3HMOBKy B pafIOHe MbwCa BOJlbiIIaH
Kopra (73012' c. in., 106?22' B. A.), Ha cpapsaTepe B sepinHHe XaTanrcxoro 3aJluBa. TaHKep
> OTCTOH CYAOB BnJIOTb AO jieAoxoAa, noc.ne 4ero npeAnonaranocb
BBeCTH CyAa B p. XaTaHry. ,IZJIH o6ecne4eHHH nOACOTOBKH 6e3onacHOro BbIBOAa CYAOB H3
3aJIHBa 6bIJia CHapa)Kena cneuiiaJIbHaH 9KCneAHUHH.
B npo4)HJIaKTH4eCKHX ueJIHX npeAOXpaHeHHSI Kopnyca CYAOB OT B03M0)KHOro Ha)KHMa
.nbAa B nepHOA BCKpbITHH 6bino peuieHO npOH3BeCTH onbIJIeHHe JIeAHHoro nOKPOBa c no-
BePXHOCTH B6J1H3H CYAOB yrOJIbHOH nbIJlb1O. BnaroAapa 9TOMY TaHHHe yCKOpHTCH, H pbwx-
JIbIF1, nOATaBBnIHFI .neA 6yAeT CJIY)KHTb KaK 6bI aMOpTH3aTOpOM npH Hanope nbAa. KpoMe
Toro, 6b1JIH npOBeAeHbi HeKOTOpble MepOHPHHTHH no Ha6JI10AeHHHM 3a pa3BHTHeM BeceH-
HerO pa3pyHleHHH J1bAa, Aim 4ero 6bu1H opraHH30BaHbi AOfOJIHHTe.nbHble nYHKTbI Ha6n1o-
AeHHH.
TaKHe Ha6JIK)AeHHH HaA COCTOHHHeM JIeAHHoro nOKpOBa, H3MeHeHHHMH McTeopOJlorH-
4eCK1IX 3JIeMeHTOB, KOJIe6aHHHMH YpoBHH BOAbI H xapaKTepoM JieAoxoAa npOH3BOAHJIHCb
AOBOJIbHO noapo6HO B McCTe OTCTOH CyAOB, B nYHKTBX BonogaHKa, KaaK, XaTanra, KOCH-
cmi6, HOBO-Pb16Hoe It npH CHCTeMaTH4eCKHX JIeAOBbIX pa3Be Kax. 8TH pa60Tbl CTaBHJIHCb
C UeJIbIO H3y'eHHH rHApoMeTeOpOJ10rH4eCKOrO pe)KHMa pp. XeTbI, KOTyH, XaTaHry H Xa-
TaHrCKOrO 3aJIHBa Aim npeABHAeHHH xapaKTepa JieAoxoAa H CBOespeMeHHOro npHHHTHH
344IeKTHBHbIX Mep no o6eCne'leHHK) 6e30naCHOCTH CyAOB. KpaTKHe pe3yJlbTaTb1 JleAoablx
pa3BeAOK npHBeAeHbl B Ta6Ji. 1.
O6bI4H0 B BTOM 061HHpHOM parloHe pa60TaIOT BCero JIHHIb TPH nyHKTa: B nbc. BOJIO-
4aHKe Ha P. XeTe, B ceJI. XaTaHre Ha p. XaTaHre H Ha Mblce KOCHCTOM B XaTaHrCKOM
3aJIHBe. CTOKOBON )Ke CTaHUHH B 9TOM OrpOMHOM 6acce6He HeT.
JIe,aOBble yCJIOBiiH H pa3BHTHe rHApoMeTeopOJlorH4eCKHX 3JIeMeHTOB B Ka)KAOM H3 3THX
Tpex 11 HKTOB HMeLOT CBOH OCO6eHHOCTH, H Ka)KAbIH H3 HHX He MO)KeT xapaKTepH30BaTb
BeCb pakioH. YAaJIeHHOCTb IYHKTOB Ha6JI10AeHHA Apyr OT Apyra, HX MaJIO4Hc.neHHOCTb, pa3-
Ji1I9He rHApoMeTeopo.lorii4eCKHX yCJIOBII6 H T. A. C03Aa1OT 60JIbLHe TPYAHOCTH npH npo-
rH0311pOBaHHH BeCeHHHX H3MeHeHHN ypOBH51, nepBb1X nOABH)KeK JIeAauoro nOKpOBa, CpOKOB
Jieaoxoga H O4H11J,eHHH, B oco6eHHOCTH B pacOHe XaTaHrCKoro 3aJIHBa.
MaTepHa.lbi Ha6J1loaeHHc[ Ha BOAOMePHbIX nOCTaX BoJIO4aHKH, XaTaHrH, KOCHCTOM H
KaHK, HB4HHaH c 1943 r., nOKa3bIBalOT, 4TO no cpaBlieHiiio c npeAnlecTByloiuHMH roAaMH
B 1958 r. BeceHHne npouecc i pa3BI1BaJIHCb O4eHb BH.nO. ECJIii B CpeAHeM nOHBJ1eHHe 3a-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta6nui4a I
COCTOSIHHe nefslnoro noKpoBa 6acceHHa p. XaTaHrH H XaTaHrcKoro 3aJIHBa
)la i a JIt:AOBON
pa3BeJKH
27 VI-11V11
3-4'VII
10-16%VII
22/VII
28//VII
7/ VIII
.11eAaiiOIi HOKpOB Ha BCex o6beKTaX HOKPbIT cHeroM; HHKaKHX npH3Ha-
KOB pa3pyWeHHH He o6Hapymeno
KapTHHa Ta >Ke; BOKpyr 311MYK)W,HX CYAOB HpOH3BeAeHa HOCbIHKa JIbAa
yrOJIbHOIi ITbIJIbIO
Ha p. KoTye, OT yCTbH Ao ceJT. Ka5IK, 3aKpaNHbl; BbIWe CCJI. KaHK J1CA.
B3.l0MaH; BbIWe BHaaeHHH p. 3pN34Ka 4HCTO. Ha pp. XeTe H XaTaHre
AO 72?25' c. 111. IIINpOKHe 3aKpaHHbl, aaa1ee AO n-OBa KpeCTbl 1'3KHe 3a-
KpaNHbl. B XaTanrCKOM 3aJIHBe IIpH3HaK0B pa3pyWeHHH HCT
Ha p. KoTye Ao 71?45' c. 111. UOABH>KKa JlbJ1a; Aa.iee BBepx no peKe,
Ao 71?35' c. W., JlejioxoA, erne Bb[IHe 4HCTO. Ha pp. XeTe H XaTaHre Ao
n-OBa KpecTbl HIHPOKHe 3aKpaHHbI, HH>Ke, AO yCTbflT p. HOnuraii, npepbl-
BHCTble 3aKpaHHbI
Ha pp. KoTye H XaTaHre Ao ce.1. 060iHOrO 4HCTO; OT ce.n. 06oOHoro
110 p. XaTanre AO MbICa HOBOpOTHOFO H 6yxTbl ChlHAacKO IHHpOKHe 3a-
KpaHHbI; OT 6yXTb1 Cbin2acKO A0 Mblca Ky2boa HpepbIBHCTbIC 3aKpaHHbI.
B XaTaHFCKOM 3aJ[NBe oea pa3pyuleH CJTa6o (1-2 6an.na), Ha P. XeTe OT
YCTbII AO 100?15' B. A. J1 J1 B3JIOMaH; AaJ1ee BBepX no peKe 4HCTO, Ha P. Ho-
nHrai OT YCTbH BBepX Ha 60 KM JIea Ha (JapBaTepe He B3JIOMail; BbIWe IIO
peKe 4HCTO
BOJuia BCKpbIT1I51 npOABHHy2IaCb OT n-OBa KpeCThl AO yCTbfl p. fOHIT-
raH; Ha p. HOnnrae ,ieA B3JIOMaH, WHPOKHe CHJIOWHble 3aKpaHHbI pacnpo-
CTpaHHJiHCb K CeBepy OT yCTbH HOHHraH BAOJIb 3anaAHoro 6epera ao MbICa
HOBOpOTHoro H BAO.'ib BOCTOVHOro 6epera AO Mblca KyJlb la
OCyw,eCTBJlenn BbIBOA CYAOB >, > H >. Bo.nHa
BCKpbITHH HPOABHHy.TaCb Ha y0aCTKe OT YCTbH HofHrasi Ao Mblca F>OJIbwa51
Kopra, B OCHOBHOM no (papBaTepy; Ha OTMe.,ibix McCTaX OTMegeHbl OCTa-
TOYHble Jlb7bI
BojiHa BCKpbITHH (ITOCTeneHHoe npOTaHBaHHe) npOABHHyJIaCb B XaTallr-
CKOM 33JINBe K ceBepy CO CKOpOCTb1O B CpeAHCM I MHJ151 B CYTKH K CeBepy.
16 HIOJISI BbIWeaa H3 .neAOBoro nJ1eHa
BCKpb[THe B XaTaHrCKOhi 3aJIHBe HPOABHHYJ1OCb AO Mblca Ky.'ib4a; Jica
CnjiogeHHOCTbIO 9 6a.TIJIOB 3allHMaeT 4acTb XaTaHrCKOrO 3aJIHBa OT MbICa Ho-
BOPOTHOrO AO Mblca Ky.1bia
Y4aCTOK B3JI0MaHHOrO JIbAa (9 6aJIJIOB) B XaTaHrCKOM 3aJINBe npOT51-
rHBaeTCa OT 6yXTb[ CbIHAacKO AO Mb[ca KOCHCTOrO (BKJ1Iooar 6yXTy Ko-
>KeBHHKOBa)
HpOH30WJ10 BCKpbITHe npHnan B CeBeplioM npOJIHBe; ION{HaB KpOMKa
CHJiooeHHOro (9 6aJLJ1oB) JIbaa COXpaHHJlaCb Ha TpaBep3e 6yXTbI CblHAaCKO
XaTaHFCKH4l 3a2THB HOJIHOCTbIO OMHCTIIJICH OT JIbaa. TOJIbKO CeBepHblii
Hp0JIHB K ceBepO-BOCTOKy OT Mb1Ca OnacHoro - Mblca CH6HpCKOrO) 3ano.-I-
HeH JIbAaMH CnJI04eHHOCTblO 9-10 6aJIJIOB
KpaHH Ha p. XaTaHre OTMe4aJlOCb B TpeTbe6 AeKaAe Mall, TO B 1958 r. 3aKpaHHbI nOBBH-
JIHCb JIIIWb B KOHue nepBo6 AeKa7bi HIOHI. TaKHM 06pa3OM, noaBJ1eHHe 3aKpaHH KaK nep-
BbIX npH3HaKoB pa3pyWeHHH JIBAHHOrO nOKpOBa BecHoS 1958 r. nPOHCXOAHJIO Ha 15-20 AHe6
n03>Ke CPe2HHX CpOKOB H OKa3aJIOCb CaMbIM H03AHHM 3a BeCb 16-JIeTHHg P5IA Ha6JnoAeHHH.
3TO o6bHCH5IeTC5q 3aTH>KHbIM xapaKTepOM BeCHbI H 3Ha4HTeJlbHON TOJILII,HH04I JIeAAHOrO no-
KpOBa, AoCTHraBWeli Ha peKax 6acce6Ha XaTaHrH MaKCHMaJIbHbIX 3HageHH6 3a nepHOA
1936-1958 rr. HccaleAOBaHHH 1958 r. noxa3aaM HeKOTOpble OCO6eHHOCTH B pe>KHMe OT-
AeJIbHbIX o6beKToB.
B OTJIIIgHe OT Apyrnx pelt 6acceliHa, p. KOTyIi npOTeKaeT no 3Ha4HTeJIbHO H3pe3aH-
HOH MeCTHOCTH H nO3TOMy BeceHHee pa3pyweaHe JIeAaaoro nOKPOBa 3AeCb HPOHCXOAHT
6o.iee 6ypHo H Ha4NHaeTC51 paHbine, qeM Ha Apyrnx BOAOTOKaX. OAHaKO B 1958 r. H Ha
KoTye BCKpbITHe npOH3OIHJIO B O4eHb r103AHHe CpOKH. B nyHKTe KaIIK JieAoxoA OTMeleH
15 HIOHH, a noJIHOe o4N11),eHHe peKH - 17 HIOHH, B TO BpeMSI KaK no MHOFOJIeTHeMy p5lAy
CaMble nO3AHHe CPOKH OTMe4eHbI 14-15 HIOHB (1948 r.) H 10-16 HIOHB (1946 r.). CKO-
pOCTb npOABH>KeHHH BOJIHbI BCKpbITHH, no MaTepHaJlaM JIeAOBOFi pa3BeAKH 1958 r., B cpeA-
HeM OKa3ajiaCb paBHOH 15 KM B CYTKH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ho p. XeTe J1eaOBOA pa3Be1 K01i BeCHOfi 1958 r. ocBeiueH y4aCTOK OT YCTbB Ao Hoc.
XaTbIpK1I. Pa3pyweHHe JIeAHHOrO nOKpOBa npOHCXOAHJIO 04eHb McAJIeHHO BCJieACTBHe He-
3Ha9HTeJlbHbIX noA"beMOB ypOBHH BOAb1, 4T0 H onpeAeJrHno 09eHb nO3AHHe CpOKH BCKpbI-
THB. Flo aaHHbIM MHoroJieTHero p$Aa Ha6J11OAeHHA (y BOJI04aHKH c 1943 no 1957 r.), HaH-
6o.nee n03AHee BCKpbITlie XeTbI npOH3ollJIO B 1946 r.: Haga.no JIeAoxoAa 6b1J1o OTMegeHO
1 I 1110HH, a nOJIHoe oLinmeHHe - 16 I1IOH9. JleaoxoA a e B 1958 r. y BoJnogaHKH HagaJICH
14 111oHA, a nOJIHoe 09H11jeHHe npOH3011JI0 19 111011H, T. e. cpoKH OKa3aJI11Cb 3KCTpeMa.IbHO
n03AHHMH.
BCKpbITlie 1i OwllueHHe p. KOTyH o6b19HO npOXOAHJIO Ha 3-5 AHeII paHbme, 4eM
p. XeTbl. BecHO6 me 1958 r. 04nn(eHne XeTHI npOH301nJI0 Ha 8-10 AHe5 n03AHee, 4eM
KoTys1.
Ha p. XaTaHre y ceji. XaTaHrH BCKpbITHe B 1958 r. He HBJIBeTCB TIIHII9HbIM, TaK KaK
3ACCb np1IMeHH.'1HCb IiCKyCCTBeHHble Mepbl. C 15 no 21 Ma$1 Ha aKBaTOp11l1 MOpCKOrO nOpTa,
10690' 106 30' 106?46' 107? 107?16' 107?30' 107?46' 108? i00?16'
.- --10690' --100'30' 106?46 107? 107?16 107?30 107?46' 108? 10896'
PHC. 1. HpOABH}KeHHC BOJIHbI BCKpbITHH XaTaHrCKOrO 3aJIHBa BeCHOfi 1958 r.
BOKpyr 311MOBaBWB1Ix Cy4OB, 6bIJiO npOn3Be1eHo onbuieHiie JIbAa yrOJIbHOki nbIJIblO. C 5 no
13 1110HH OCyn1eCTBJIHJIaCb OKOJIKa CYAOB rIOApbIBOM JlbJa 11 nx 6yxcnpoBKa 3a JIeJHHylo
AaM6y, nocrpoennyio B oceHHe-31iMHHfi nepHoA.
Pa3Be1Ko1i 14-15 1110tH 6bIJIO yCTaHOBJIeHO HaJIH9He TpeluliH B neAHHOM nOKpOBe
p. XaTailrn, OT yCTbH KOTyl Ao cell. XaTaHre. OKOH9aTeJlbHbIFi B3JIOM .neAHHOrO nOKpOBa
y ce.,i. XaTaHrn nOA BO3AeliCTBHeM naBOAOLIHOS BOJIHbI H nepBble HOABIDKKI1 J1bAa npo-
n3O111,nii 16 HK)HH. 3aTeM, noCJie 09eHb KOpOTKOrO Jle1oxo1a, KOTOpbl0 npo1OJIDKaJICH Bcero
Jleilib 6 1, p. XaTaHra B 3TOM palioee nOJIHOCTb1O O'HCTHJIaCb OT JIbAa. B Apyrne aCe roAbl
JleAoxo1 B 3TOM nyHKTe Ha6JIIOAaJICH B Te4eHHe 1-2 CyTOK.
3aKpa11HbI Ha P. XaTaHre wnp1H0{i 50-200 M paCnpOCTpaHHJIHCb AO MbICa MaJIall
Kopra no npaBOMy 6epery H Ao Mblca floBopoTHoro no JIeBOMy 6epery. BCKpbITHe p. Xa-
TaHre B H113OBbHX nPOIICXOAnJIO nyTeM Ta$HHH JIbAa Ha McCTe, Ha OTMeJIHX H y 6eperoB.
IIOCTeneHno InHPIHa 3aKpallH yBeJiHgIIBaJlaCb it cy3Kajlach no.noca JIbja Ha 4)apaarepe.
K MOMCHTy .neaoxoAa OCTaJIOCb JIHIeb o4eHb He60JlbIDoe KOJ1H4eCTBO JIbAa.
CKOpOCTb np0ABHaCeHHH BOJIHbl BCKpbITHH Ha p. XaTaHre OKa3aJlaCb paBHO{i npHMepHO
10-15 KM B CYTKH. 3Ta CKOpOCTb pe3KO CHH}KaJ1aCb Ha y9aCTKe OT n-OBa KpeCTbl AO yCTbH
p. Honera$ BCJIe1CTBHe 3Ha9HTeJlbHoro paCnIHpeHHH pyc.na nOTOKa. OT yCTbH f10n11ra$ AO
Mblca BoJlbllial Kopra xapaKTep Tiegoxoga Ha XaTaHre 6b1J1 HHbIM: BOJIHa BCKpbITHH B
nepaylo o4epeAb 3aXBaTnJla no.nocy 41apBaTepa H Ha116oJlee nplirJly6ble McCTa. Ha OTMe-
,nbix NCe McCTax JieA HCKOTOpOe BpeMH OCTaBaJiCH He HapyllIeHHbIM. CKOpOCTb HPOABH>KeHHH
BOJIIIbI BCKpbITHH Ha noC.neuiieM y4aCTKe COCTaBJIHJIa AO 15 KAI B CYTKH.
XapaKTep BCKpbITHH p. Honnrafi HanoMHHaeT 3TOT npouecc Ha p. XaTaHre. HpHMepHo
lia npOTHNCeHIi11 40 KM BBepX HO TegeHHK), OT YCTbB peKH ,neu HeKOTOpoe BpeMH y3KO1i nO-
jiocoA coxpaHBJICH Ha cj)apBaTepe. BpeMH BCKpbITHH yCTbH HonliraB B OCHOBHOM corna-
CyeTCH C BpeMeHQM JleAoxoaa na p. XaTaHre Ha y4aCTKe OT cell. HoBo-Pb16Hoe AO Mblca
Ma.IaH Kopra. JleAoxoA Ha p. Honera{i HaMaJIcH cpa3y >Ke noc ie BCKpbITHH p. XaTaHrH
B 3TOM pacOHe. BCKpbITHe JIeAHHoro nOKPOBa B yCTbH p. Honnraii nPOH30HIJ10 3 HIOJIH, H
J1eAOXOA npoAOJIHCaJICH AO 5 HIOJIH.
JIeAoxoA no !$apBaTepy He HBJIHeTC,9 oco6eHHOCTbIO BCKpbITHH XaTaHrcxoro 3aneaa
1958 r. BoJIHa BCKpbITHH JICAHHOr0 nOKPOBa OT Mbica BOJIbmaH Kopra npoABHraeTCH Ha
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
ceBep AOBOJIbHO McAneHHO BCJIeACTBHe He3Ha4HTenbHoro noA'beMa ypOBHH B IHHpOKOM 3a-
JIHBe OT nOJIOBOAHOH BOJIHbI. CKOpOCTH nOTOKa BeCbMa 3aMeTHO yMeHbmaIOTCA.
O9HU eHHe 3aJIHBa OT nbAa Ha y4aCTKe OT Mblca BonbnlaA Kopra Ao 6yxTbl CbIHAaCKO,
no-BHAHMOMy, np0HCXOAHJIO B OCHOBHOM 3a cqeT BJIHAHHH CTOKa TeHJIbIX BOA p. XaTaHrH
110 4IapBaTepy H npHrny6blM McCTaM, TaK KaK neA pa3pym ancH Ha McCTe (BbITaHBaHne
no KpOMKe). BAonb 6eperoB Ha OTMenbIX McCTax neA pa3pymHJlCH 3Ha9HTenbHO no3)Ke
(Ha 4-6 CyTOK). TaIIHHe nbAa Ha 3TOM y4acTKe npOHCXOAHJIO AOBOnbHO MQAJIeHHO. TaK,
}IanpHMep, 3a nepHOA C 5 no 16 HIo.H 1958 r. KpOMKa nbAa (OT npoTaHBaHHH) nepeMe-
IuanaCb CO CKOPOCTbIO npHMepHO 6 KM B CyTKH no OCHOBHOMy HanpaaneHHlo nOTOKa (no
()lapBaTepy) H 4 KM B CyTKH no OTMenbIM McCTaM. 1IOCneAOBaTeabHOCTb 04HH(eHHH 1O)KHOH
4acTH XaTaHrCKorO 3aJIHBa OT nbAa noxa3ana Ha pIIc. 1.
IIocae BbITaHBaHHH nbAa Ha cepeAHHe 3aJIHBa, AO TpaBep3a 6yXTbI CbIHAaCKO, H OC-
na6neHHH nbAa Ha OCTanbHOH tlaCTH 3aJIHBa npOHCxOAHT B3JIOM Bcero neAAHoro noxpoBa.
BeCHOH 1958 r. BcxpbiTHe XaTanrcxoro 3anHBa OT 6yXTbI CbIHAaCKO AO MblCa KOCHCTOrO
npOH30mn0 28 HKMH. OKOH4aTenbHbIH 3Ke B3JIOM neAAHoro nOKPOBa B 3aJIHBe OTMe4eH
7 aBryCTa, a noJIHOe 04HIUeHHe (HCKJH04aH ceBepHylo IaCTb CeBepnorO npoJlHBa) -
16 aBryCTa.
llocTynuna 4/X11 1958 a. H. 17. PoMaKoe
rJIABHASI IIPH'HHA 3AKOHOMEPHoro YMEHbWEHI4SI AJIbBEILO
TAIOLI(ErO CHE)KHOTO HOKPOBA
3a TpHAI Tb neT, B TegeHHe KOTOpbIX npoBOASITCH Ha6n10AeHHH HaA OTpa}KeHHOH pa-
ANaUHeH OT noaepxHOCTH CHe1KHOro noKpOBa, co6paH 6onbmoi MaTepxan, OCBeLualonl,HH ce-
3oHHble H rOAOable H3MeHeHH5i anb6eAo cHera B pa3J 'lHb1X mnpoTax ceBepHOro nony-
mapHN, a 3a nocneAHHe, roAbl H B AHTapKTHAe.
Ony6nHKOBaHHble MaTepHanbI Ha6nloAeHHH CBHAeTenbCTByIOT o6 OAHoo6pa3HH OTpa-
MKaTenbHbIX CBOHCTB 4HCTOro CHera B 3HMHHH nepnoA, rAe 6b1 HH npOBOAHJ1HCb Ha6nIO-
ACHHH. JIHmb B nepnoA TaJIHHJI BbIJBnAIOTCH CyHueCTBeHHble pa3J1H4H5I B H3MeHeHHH
anb6e,aO B 30Hax, rAe CHe}KHblH nOKPOB ABJIAeTCH ce30HHbIM o6pa3oBaHHeM, H B 30HaX, HJIH
BbICOTHbIX nOAcax, rAe HaxannnsalOTCH MHoroneTHHe TOJ1I1 H CHera.
Anb6eao ce30HHoro CHeKHorO nOKpOBa, He 3arp513HeHHoro npHMecHMH, xapaKTepH-
3yeTCH CneAyIOH(HMH H3MeHeHHHMH: a) HPH HOABneHHH CHeMdnoro nOKp0Ba - pe3KHM CKa4-
KOM OT 3HaMeHH5i anb6eAo noBepxHOCTH, Ha KOTOPOH o6pa3OBanc% CHe>KHbIH nOKpOB, HHorAa
cpa3y AO MaKCHMaJIbHbIX 3HMHHX 3Ha4eHHH anb6eAo CHera, eCJIH CnJIOHIHOH ero Cn011
HMeeT TOJIUHHy He McHee 5 cu; 6) B 3HMHHH nepHOA - KOJIe6aHHHMH B npeAenax 72-90%
It B) B nepHOA TaJ1HHA - nOCTeneHHbIM yMeHbmeHHeM AO 3HageHHJ, 6nH3KOr0 K anb6eAo
nOBepXHOCTH, Ha KOTOpoA o6pa3OBanCA CHe)KHbIl3 nOKpOB (no4Ba, rpyHT, neA).
XopomeH 113y4eHHOCTH H3MeHeHHH HHTerpanbnoro ajib6eAo CHe)KHOro nOKpOBa MO)KHO
npOTHBOnOCTaBHTb euie Cna6ylo H3y4eHHOCTb npH4HH, Bb13bIBaioIIkHX 9TH H3MeHeHH51. B npo-
uecce Ha6JnoAeHHH HaA OTpa]KeHHOH paAHaIHei yCTaHOBJIeHbI HaH6onee npOCTble, 3pHMble
CBH3H Me?KAy H3MeHeHH51MH anb6eAO H TaKHMH 41aKTOpaMH, KaK 3arpH3HeHHe H yBna)1(He-
HHe cHera, BbinaAeHHe cBe4(ero cHera Ha nOBepXHOCTb CTaporO HuH o6pa3oBaHHe Ha Hef
N3MOp03H, B03paCT CHe)KHOH nOBepXHOCTH, 06pa3OBaHHe ynnOTHeHHII H KOp04eK fOA B03-
AeHCTBneM BeTpa, COJIHua H Bna)KHOrO B03Ayxa.
CneAyloulaH rpynna q)aKTOpOB CBB3bIBaeTCH c nepexpHCTannHauHe1 H (pHpHH3auHel{
cHera, noA KOTOpblMH noApa3yMesaeTC51 BJIHAHHe Ha anb6euo cHera Bcex npogeccoB, npo-
HCXOAAIIHX B CHe?KHOIi JOKPOBe H Bb13bIBaioIHHx nepepacnpeAeneHHe BenlecTBa H H3MeHe-
HHe np03pa4HOCTH BepXHero CJIOA cHera noA B03Ae CTBHeM B03rOHKH, cy6nHMauHH, oce-
AaHHH, 3aMep3aHHH H TaHHHJ. K 9TOH )Ke rpynne 4)aKTOpOB, HO-BHAHMOMy, CneAyeT OTHO-
CHTb H BJIHAHHe nOBepXHOCTHbIX MaTOBbIX KOp04eK, o6pa3osaxne KOTOpbIX, KaK noxa3aJIH
OnbITbl B. H. BOrOCJIOBCKoro B MHpHOM, CBJ3aHO c cy6JIHMaIHOHHbIMH npoueccaMH.
BJIHAHHe (4aKTOpOB BTOpOH rpynnbl Ha H3MeHeHHH anb6eAo XOTA H npe'(CTaanHeTCJ
BCeM 6e3yCJlOBHbIM, HO MO}KeT 6blTb, BCneACTBHe HX HeAOCTaTO4HON H3y4eHHOCTH,, HM npH-
AaeTCA CJIHHIKOM 6onbmoe 3Hageune.
B CBH3H C 9THM MO)(HO BbICKa3aTb HeKOTOpble 0006pa}KeHH51 0 npHJHHaX nnaBHOrO
y McHbm!e~HHA BeJIHEIHH anb6eAo B 3aKn1041(TenbHOH CTaAHH TaJHHH ce30HHoro CHe}KHoro no-
KpOBa. JTOT BOnPOC noApo6HO HccueAOBaH 11. 11. Ky3bMHHbIM. Pe3ynbTaTbl HccueAOBaHHH
ony6JIHKOBaHbI B cneuHaJIbHOM pa3Aene ero CBOAHOF} pa60Tbi, HOCBH111,eHHOH HCCneAOBaHHHM
(PH3H4eCKHX CBOHCTB CHera [2] 1. Ha OCHOBe BCKpbITOH 3aKOHOMepHOCTH yMeHbmeHHB ajib6eAo
T atoiuero CHe)KHoro nOKPOBa c y6binblO erO BbICOTbI R. rl. Ky3bMHHbIM npeAJlo>Ke cnoco6
npH6JH}KeHHOro onpeAeneHHA anb6eAo (KO344HUHeHTa OTpa}KeHHH) B 3TOT nepnoA no
I BCe UHTHpyeMble BbuAep)KKH OTHOCATCH K 3TOH pa6oTe.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
y6bIJIH BbICOTbI CHera (cTp. 124-136). Hoapo6HO paccMaTpiBaa npI19HHbl, Bbl3blBaIouiHe
yMeHbWeHHe aJlb6eA0, 1-1. H. Ky3bMHH nHWeT: KY4eT BceB03MWKHbIX ()aKTOpOB, O6yCJIOBJIH-
Baloujllx 113MeHeHlie KO3(4IluneHTa OTpa?KeHHa B nep110A CHerOTaaH11a, MOa(eT 6bITb, TaKHM
O6pa3OM, CBeLeH K y'eTy rJIaBHbIX q)aKTOpOB: CTeneHH 3arpa3HeHHOCTI( noBepxlIOCTH CHe)K-
11OrO. IIOKpOBa, IJIOTHOCTII (CTpyKTypb) H BJIa)KHOCTII CHera> (CTp. 128).
1'13BeCTHO, IITO npll yBe.IH4eHIiH 3arpa3HeHHa, [1,IOTHOCTH H yBJia?KHeHHB CHera yMeHb-
1HaeTCH ero aJ1b6eAo, 110 HeJIb3a COr.1aCI(TbCa, 4TO 3 a K O H O M e p H O e yMeHbWeHHe aJib-
6eA0 B nePHOA TaBHHH 06yCJIOBJIHBaCTCa B03geliCTBneM BTHX Tpex (paKTOpOB.
Ha6l1IoAeroIB Hag ajib6e1O TaIOUjerO CHera, npOBejjeHHble aBTOpOM B AHTaPKTIAe, B
p3HOHe o6CepBaTOpHH M IIpHbIIi, AaIOT OCHOBaHHe yTBep)KAaTb, 'ITO CTPYKTypa H yB.1a}Kne-
niie CHera IlrpaIOT B 3TOM OTHOWeHHH eCJIH He naCCHBHyIO, TO OYeHb He6OJIbWyIO pO.1b. LITO
?KC KacCeTCa 3arp5I3HeHIIOCTH CHera, TO 3TOT 4JaKTOp c.negyeT OTHeCTH K HapyUaloUjHM H
IIY3JIIIPYIOI1UIIM BCKpbITVK) 3aKOHOMepHOCTb, KOTOpaa Eblpa>KaeTCB O'IeH1, OT4eTJIHBO TOJILKO
iip11 TCIalTIIIl JIHWCHHOrO npnMece1i ce30HHOr0 CHe}{HorO noxpoBa.
nbIJlh 11 Apyriie npilMeCH HI(KOrga He paCnpeAeJ1AIOTCH B TOJILue CHera paBHOMepHO, a
ripe TaHIIIIH CHera HX KOHueHTpauHH He B03paCTaeT noCTeneHHO, KaK B BbInapHBaeMOM pac-
TEOpe. B 60JIbIHX HaceJleHlibix nyHKTax, rAe MO)KHO Ha6JIK>AaTb KpacHHe CJly'aH 3arpH3He-
FlUB cHera nbIJIbIO H npQgYKTaMH crOpaHH1 TOnJIHBa, B pa3pe3e cHera cpaBHHTeJlbuo WHpo-
KIie c.IOH c ia60 3arp513HeHFIOrO CHera 4epegylOTCa c riO'TH 4epHbLMH npOCJIOHKaMH rpa3H,
TO:IlUllHa KOTOpbIX OTpa?KaeT HpOAOJI)KIITeJIbHOCTb npOMe?KyTKOB Me?KAy cneronaAaMH.
B TaKOM CHery euje 3ajI,OJIrO AO Ha'ajla TaBHHa TBepAble LIaCTHIjbl, iie>Kaujne Ha noaepx-
IlOCT1(, Bc.1eACTBHe nOrJloujeHlla Tenjla COJIHe4HO13 paAHaijnn Ha4HHaIOT norpya(aTbCH B cHer.
B AaJlbHecueM, npH HHTeHCIIBHOM TaFIHHH, 4aCTHIjbl npHMeceH HHOrAa o6pa3ylOT HaCTOJIbKO
fJlOTHbI}I CJIOIi, 4TO OH 3aMeAJIHeT TaBHiie.
I-IOBepXHOCTb McHee 3arp$l3HeHHOrO CHera npnHHMaeT npH TaFHIHH HPOJIb4aTyI0 CTpyK-
Typy. flpH 3TOM KpyHHble i)paKglH npHMeceH KOHgeHTpHpyloTCH B yrJIy6JIeHHHX, pacno:ia-
ralou HxcH Ha pa3JIH'HbIX ypOBHHX OT nOBepXHOCTH, a McJIKHe IIaCTH4KH paCCeaHbl B Macce
KOHH4eCKHX HrJI, c.nO)KeHHbIX KpynHbIMH CpoCTKaMH JIeAHHbIX KpHCTaJIJIOB (pHC. 1).
PaCCMOTpeHHble crly4aH 3arp313HeHHH CHera HMe10T orpaHU4eHHoe pacnpocTpaneane B
('paBHeHHH C 3arpa3HeHHeM CHera B CCTeCTBOHHbIX yCJIOBHBX ceBepHOH H cpegueH no,7ocbl
C01o3a. 3Aecb 4aCTHIjbI nO'BbI nOnagaloT B CHer McCTaMH TOJIbKO B Ha'aJIe 3HMbM, KOrAa
cige COxpaHFK)TCB naTHa oroJIeHHOIi 3eMJIH H Ay1OT 06b14Hble AJia nepeXOAHOro nepHOAa CBe-
)KHe BeTpbl. B AaJIbHecmeM HCTO'HHKH 3arpII3HeHHH CHera OTCYTCTByIOT H OCHOBHaa Macca
cHera, HaKanJIHBaloHja5ICH BO BTOpOH nOJIOBHHe 3HMbI, He HMeeT CYIIjeCTBeHHMX npHMeceH.
BOJIbWe, HO TaK)Ke HepaBHOMepHO 3arpa3HaeTCa CHer B necax, OCO6eHHO XBOHHbIX.
CHJIbHaa 3arpa3HeHHOCTb CHera MO)KeT Bb13BaTb nOCTeneHHoe yMeHbWeHHe aJIb6eAo
TOJIbKO AO o6pa3oBaHHa nJIOTHoro CJIOH ocaAKa, aJIb6eA0 KOTOpOrO OCTaHeTCH 1104TH HeH3-
McHHbIM AO HOJIHOrO CTaHBaHHB cnera. B cny'aax )Ke (HOpMaJIbHoro) 3arpa3HeHHII cHera
CB93aHHOe C HHM yMeHbWeHHe anb6eA0 MO)KeT HOCHTb TOJIbKO HMnyJIbCHwIri xapaKTep.
YBJIax(HeHHe 4HCT000 CHera COnpOBO)KAaeTCB yMeHbiueHHeM aJIb6eAO Ha 10-15%. Ho
yBJIa)KHeHHe cHera, KaK H KOHgeHTpagHH B HeM npHMeceH, He IIBJIIIeTCH npogeccoM, nOCTe-
neHHO HapaCTaIowHM B Te4eHHe TaBHH51. C Ha'aJIOM TaFHHF BOAa HeKOTopoe BpeMH yiep-
)KHBaeTCH B nopax noBepXHOCTHoro 3-5-CaHTHMeTpOBoro CJIO$, a 3aTeM npOHCXOAHT ee HH-
4IHJIbTpaijHa, COIIpOBO)KAalouja1CH 3HaqHTeJIbHbIM oceAaHHeM cHera.
Ec.nn TaaHHe HagaJIOCb B pe3yJlbTaTe fOCTeneHHoro nOBbIWeHHa TeMnepaTypbl B03Ayxa,
TO H TeMnepaTypa CHera 6yAeT AOCTaTOtHO BbICOKOH, 4TO6bi npH TOJIIUUHHe CHe>KHOrO no-
KpoBa 40-50 CM Ta.naa BOAa 6bICTpO npOHHKJIa AO nO4Bbi HJIH HHOH noaepxHOcTH, Ha KOTO-
poii ne?KHT Cner. ECJIH ?Ke TaHHHe Bb13BaH0 BHe3anHbIM nOTenJlenueM, TaJlaa BoAa M0>KeT
O6pa3oBaTb B XOJIOAHOM CHery pa3JIH4Hble JIeAHHbie TeJla - npOCJIOHKH, JIHH3bi, )KeJnBaKH,
4TO HapyWHT QAHOpOAHOCTb cpegbi B paAHagHoHHOM OTHOWeHHH.
B ce30HHOM CHe)KHOM HOKPOBe TaaHHe 06b14HO Bb13bIBaeT 6blcTpoe yBjia)KHeHHe Burk
TOJIIL H CHera H HaKaHJIHBaHHe BOAbI y nOBepXHOCTH fO4Bbl, rAe BOAOHaCbIW,eHHe 6yAeT B
nepeoe BpeMa 3aBHCeTb OT BoAOyAep)1{HBa1OWeH CHOCO6HOCTH CHera, a 3aTeM - OT peJlbe(pa
n04BbI. IIpH HaJIH4HH CTOKa 1I36bITOK BOAbI 6ygeT Bce BpeMa yAaJIATbCH.
C yBjia>KHeiiHeM CHera Hepa3pblBH0 CB513aH ero pe?KeJ1HAHOHHh1Ii McTaMOp(3H3M HJIH
4 HpHH3aijna, B pe3yJlhTaTe KOTOpOH CHer CTaHOBHTC1 ry64aTbIM (), cJIO)KeH-
HbIM H3 TalonjHX noA BO3AeI'1CTBIIeM coJIHna, TenjiOro B03AYxa H BOgbI CpOCTKOB KpHCTaJIJIOB.
13 nepHog I1HTeHCHBHOI.O TalHllil np03pa4H0CTb CHera AJIH pagnau,nli B nOBepXHOCTHOM CJIOe
3Ha4HTejIbHO B03paCTaeT, a CTpyKTypa H HJIOTHOCTb npiio6peTaioT OAHOpOgHOCTb.
(KHBaHHe u.1oTHOCTei no rJ1y6HHe, - nHWeT I1. 1-1. 1(y3bMnH, - B nepnog cnero-
T'aaHlla npOIicxOAIIT He TOJbKO B CHe)KHOM nOKpOBe paBHI1HHOH TeppHTOpHH, HO H B CHe%-
IIHKax>> (cTp. 34); 11 HeCKOJIbKO HH)Ke: a flpoljecc OCegaung pe3KO Bblpa)KeH H HMeeT 3Ha4e-
HHe TOJIbKO B nepBb1H (Ha'aJIbHbIH) nepHOA CHerOTaHHIia. B AaJlbHeiweM TaIOlI IIA cne)KHb1H
nOKpOB npnHHMaeT no BCec TOJIIIje OAHHaKOByIO, npeHMytueCTBeHHO KpyrIHO3epHHCTyIO
I'TpyKTypy. C 3Toro MOMenTa H3MeHeHiie HJIOTHOCTH CHe)KHOrO nOKpOBa npOHCXOAHT B OCHOB-
110R1 3a C4eT KO.1e6aHIt2 BJIa)KHOCTU>> (CTP. 40).
BepxHHH, OAHOpOAHbIH B CTpyKTypIIOM OTHOWeHIiH cJIOH, KOTOpbIH TOJIbKO H HMOCT 3Ha-
4eHHe AJ1a F13MeneHIli aJlb6ego, no Mepe cTaHBaHlla c noBepXHOCTIH lice BpeMa BocCTanaB-
:(HBaeT CBOIO MO1gHOCTb, BCJIegCTBHe 6o.nee rJly6oxoro npoHHKHOBeHIIR Ten.1a B cHer H no-
cTeneuHo np116,9IIacaeTCa K FIOBepxHOCTHI, Ha KOTOpOH nemnT cHe KHhlc noxpoB.
8 11poO.ieMbl ApKTIHKII 11 ABTapxTHKH, BLID? 3 113
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TaKHM o6pa3OM, B np0ljecce yBJIa)KHeHHH H (JHpHH3al(HH CHera B cjioe, npOHHljaeMOM
JjJIB paAHaljHH, AOBOJIbHO 6bICTpo yCTaHaBJ1HBalOTCB O,a,HOPOAHble yCJIOBHA np03pa4HOCTH,
KOTOpb1e B Ka4eCTBe 4)3KTOPOB H3MeHeHHH aJlb6ej[O MOryT O6yCJ10BHTb TOJIbKO ero yCTOA4H-
BOCTb. 3Ta yCTOA4HBOCTb aalb6eA0 6yAeT coxpaHaTbca AO Tex nop, noKa TOJIMHHa CJIOH
npOHH(jaeMOro aim paAHaUHH McHbHIe 06[Ijeli MOHIHOCTH CHe)KHOr0 nOKpOBa. C MOMeHTa )K e,
KOrAa CJIOIi TaK)HjerO cHera OKa)KeTCH HOJIHOCTbIO npOHHljaeMbJM Aim coJIHe4HoA paAHaIHH,
erO BJIHHHHe Ha 3aKOHOMepHoe yMQHbIIIQHHe aJlb6eAo CneAyeT TaK)Ke CBH3blBaTb He C H3Me-
HeHHeM CTPyKTyPbI H yBJIaMCHeHHeM CHera, a C YMeHbUJaIOHLHMCH nOrJIOIIjeHHeM paJ1HauHH
B CJIOe H OTpa?KeHHQM ee H3 TOJIIIjH 3TOro CJIOH.
PHC. 1. HroJlbgaToe Ta5HHe 3arpw3HeHHOA HOBepXHOCTH CHera
B MHPHOM.
O4eBHAHO HH OAHH H3 paCCMOTpeHHbIX I)aKTOPOB He o6baCHaeT npH4HHy 3aKOHOMep-
HOrO yMeHbwweHHH aJlb6eaO Talon ero CHe KHOr0 noKpoBa. TaK KaK BeJIHiHHa OTpa)KeHHO:'O
IIOTOKa paAHauHH 3aBHCHT OT BeJIH'HHbI HOrJ101ueHH0A paAHaUUHH, TO fPH4HHy 3aKOHoMep-
HOrO I13MeHeHH51 aJIb6ejjo Haao HCKaTb B H3MOHBHHH yCJIOBHA nor.nolljeHHH paAHauHH. IIo-
coeAHHe pe3KO McHAIOTCB, K3K TOJIbKO CHe)KHb1A nOKpOB CTaHOBHTCB HpOHHIjaeMblM BO BCeli
TOJlIIje ii paAHal(H}I 6yjjeT nOrJIOIIjaTb0i nOBepXHOCTbIO, Ha KOTOpOA JIe)KHT CHe)KHbIA no-
KpCB. 3aKOHOMepHOCTb yBeJIH4eHH5] aJlb6eAO 06yCJICBHTCB BO3paCTaHHeM riomonjei1HA paAHa-
UHH no Mepe y6bIJIH BblcOTbI CHe)KHOTO noKpoBa.
LIeM BblHIe npH 3TOM nOrJ101IjaTeJibHaa CHOCO6HOCTb nOBepXHOCTH, Ha KOTOpOA o6pa3o-
RaJICH ciie)KHbIA HOKPOB it 4eM McHbine 3arpH3HeH cner, TeM npaBHJlbHee 6yAeT Bblpa)KeH0
yMeHbuJCHHe aJlb6eJ(o.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
3aKOHOMepHOCTb OTHOCHTC31 KaK K TaloujeMy, TaK H K CyXOMy CHery, HO B nepxoA 4)op
MHpOBaHHH CHe>KHOro nOKpOBa HHTeHCHBHOCTb paAHaUHH MaJIa, a HapaCTaHiie CJIOA CBe>Ke-
BbinaBwero cHera B npeAeJlax ero npOHHuaeMOCTH npOHCXOAHT o4eHb 6bICTpO. rI03TOMy
npocneAHTb nocTeneHHoe yBeJlH4eHHe anb6e,g0 B 3TOT nepxoA o4eHb TpyAHO.
nornouieHHe COJIHe4HOFi paAHauxH nOBepxHOCTb10, Ha KOTOpo1 ne>KHT Taiou&HA cHer,
Ha4HHaeTCH t1 H TOJIWHHe ero c.ioa 15-20 cM. Ho gaHHbIM H. H. KaJIHTHHa [1], cyxoll cHer
npii BbICOTe CJIOH 50 CM npOnYCKaeT 1% paAHauxH, npoweAwef 4epe3 ero nOBepXHOCTb.
C Ha4aJIOM TaHHHH Tenno COJIHe4HOH pagxauHH nO4TH HOJIHOCTbIO nornouiaeTCH B nOBepX-
HOCTHOM cjioe MOKporO cHera, H BHOBb I % paAHauHH AOCTHraeT nOEIBbl npH yMeHbweHHH TOn-
JAHHbI Talouiero cHera go 15 CM. npH TOnuiHHe CJIOH 10 CM MOKpb1Fi cHer npOnyCKaeT 2,4%
BOweAweH B cHer paAHauxH, npH 5 cm - 9%. B AeiICTBHTenbHOCTH npoueHT npouieAweA
paAHauxH gon>KeH 6bITb Bblwe, TaK KaK H. H. KaiiHTHH HeCKOnbKO yn.aOTHAJ MOKPbni cHer,
HaxnaAb1Ban ero Ha nnpaxoMeTp.
H3y4aH 3aBHCHMOCTb KO344HUHeHTa OTpa>KeHHA OT BbICOTbl CHe>KHOrO nOKpOBa,
n. n. Ky3bMHH HaweJI, 4TO K}BaeTCH npH
TOnuiHHe IteHapyweHHOro CHe>KHoro nOKpOBa OKOJIO 30 CM.
jLJIA BbISIBaeHHA rJ1aBHOH npH4HHbI 3aKOHOMepHoro yMeHbnlenii 1 anb6eAO Talouiero ce-
30HHOrO CHe>KHOro HOKPOBa H OueHKH BJIIIHHH51 CTpyKTypbi H yBJla>KHeHHA cHera Ha H3Me-
HeHHe anb6ego ero nOBepXHOCTH o9eHb nOKa3aTenbHbl pe3ynbTaTbl Ha6n10AeHH9 Hag OTpa-
)KeHHOH paAHauHex Ha TalOlueM MHOroJIeTHeM CHe>KHOM nOKpOBe.
B AHTapKTHAe (B MHPHOM) B npeAenax XOJlOAHOcI HHcHnbTPaUHOHHO0 30Hbi, rAe Ha-
KanJIHBaIOIUHNCA 3a rog HO4TH AByXMeTpOBb1?i CJIOH Cliera OXBaTbIBaeTCA pe>KenftuHOHHbIM
McTaMOp(MH3MOM TOJIbKO Ha rny6HHy 70-90 CM, noaepXHOCTb, nOACTHnaloujaa cHer, eCJIH
ga>Ke B Ka'eCTBe ee npHHATb UOBepXHOCTb CJIOH TaHHHA npOWJiOrO roja, He HrpaeT HHKa-
KOH poJIH. B AeKa6pe-AHBape 1957/58 r. B npouecce Ta5HHA if HCnapeHHA BbICOTa cHe)K-
Horo IIOKpOBa 3AeCh yMeHbw H.3aCb Ha 60 CM, Torga KaK aJIb6e.o nOBepxHOCTH HHTeHCIIBHO
TaHBwero CHery B UIIH 6e3 CHeronagOB H nepeMeTaHI13i cHera COCT3BJIAJ1O B cpegHeM 74%
If fill pa3y He 6b1r!o Menbwe 72%. CpeAHee 3Ha'eHHe anb6eA0 Talowero 4HCTO-O CHera, Bbl-
4HG'IeHHoe H. H. Ky3bMIIHbIM AJia EBponeIICKOH 4aCTH C0I03a, COCTaBJIAeT 72% (cTp. 123),
a Talolljero Cliera, Jleii auiero Ha Jlbgy ApKTH4eCKOro 6aCCecrHa, - 75%. focneAHAA un(ppa
nony'elia H3 Ha6mogeHn B HIOHe H aBrycTe no AaHHbIM, npHBegeHHbIM B AoKJIaAe
H. T. I-lepHnrOBCKorO Ha COBeIuaHHH no aKTHHOMeTpHH it aTMoccj epHOc OnTHKe (AHBapb -
4)eBpanb 1959 r.). OnpegeneHHA aJlb6ego B HIOHe (63%) B pac'eT He npHHATbl, TaK K2K B
3TOM MecRue Ha BeJIH4HHbi OTpa>KeHHOTI paAHauxH, O4eBHAHO, CKa3bwanocb BJIHHHxe Hog-
CTHnaloujero cHer MOpCKOr0 nbga.
BeJTH4HHbl 72-74%, n0-BHAHMOMy, Beige, He3aBHCHMO OT lHHpOTbi, HBJHIK)TCH HH KHHM
npeAeJ10M aJib6ego 4HCTOrO HHTeHCHBHO Taloujero cHera H AanbHeciwee HX yMeHbweHHe B
npouecce TaHHHA MO>KeT Cny>KHTb npH3HaKOM norJiouieHHA paAHauxH HOBepXHOCTbIO, Ha KO-
TOpOI7 ie>KHT cHer, HJIH BKJ1Io4eHHHMH B CHery.
113 COHOCTaBJ1eHHIA 3THX BeJlIi4HH MO>KHO TaK>Ke 3aKnK)4HTb, 4TO CTpyKTypHble pa3nH-
4x9 Cliera, i)opMHpyIOujerocH B pa3JlH4HblX mHpOTaX B nepHOg HHTeHCHBHOrO TaHHHH, B
npegenax CJIOA, npouxuaeMoro AJIH COJIHe4HON paAHauxH, CTaHOBATCA Beige OAHOpOAHbIMH.
Orcioga AOnycTHMO npegnOJIo}KeHHe 0 cpaBHHMOCTH B 3TOT nepxoA H Bcex Apyrxx paAHa-
UHOHHblX XapaKTepHCTHK CJIOH.
1TocrynuAa 13/111 1959 z. M. A. Ky3xel4oe
JIHTEPATYPA
I. K a A H T H H H. H. AKTHHOMeTpHA. rHApoMeTeoH3AaT, M.-JI., 1938.
2. K y 3 b M H H H. n. cIH3H4eCKHe CBONCTBa cHe>KHoro nOKpOBa. FHApOMeTeOH3AaT, JI.,
1957.
OILEHKA TO4HOCTH OIIPEAEJIEHH$I )LEBHAUHH HA3EMHbIX
PAAHOHEJIEHrATOPOB C IIOMOlllb1O CAMOJIETA
B HaCTOIIHiee BpeMA Rim OnpeaeneHlrq geBnauHH H33eMHbIX neneHraTOpOB B ApKTHKe
npHMeHAIOTCA TpH dnoco6a: a) KpyroBOH o6xoA neJleHraTOpa c MaJIOMOIjHbIM nepeAaT4H-
KOM; 6) onpegeneHHe no Ha3eMHbIM paAHOCTaHUHAM, HaXOAAfiHMCA Ha 60JIbLHX yAaneHHAX
OT neneHraTOpa; B) o6neT paAHone.,iexraTOpa caMOneTOM.
neJleHrOBaHHe McCTHoro nepegaT4nKa gaeT BO3MO>KHOCTb opHeHTHpOBO4HO CyAHTb 0
TeXHH4eCKOM COCTOHHIIH neneHraTopa, BbIABHTb (nyTeM cpaBHeHHA c pe3ynbTaTaMH npegbl-
gyiHX H3MepeHH}i) H3MeHeHHe BJIIHIIHH a6n1IMcHerO>> OKpy>KeHHA H 06Hapy>KHTb nOABneHHe
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
AononHHTeJlblibIx HCKa3KaIou Hx (paKTOpOB. OAHaKO neneHroBaHHe MecTHOrO nepeaaT4HKa
HeAOCTaTO4HO AAH OHpeAeAeHHH nonpaBOK Ha AeBHagHIO, TaK KaK npH 3TOM HCKAK>4aeTC31
BJIHaHHe GAaJIbHero> OKpy>KeHHH, > s44eKTa H ApyrHX IpaKTOpOB. 9KcnJIyaTa-
nHOHHble nonpaBKH Ha AeBHaUHIO MOryT 6bITb noJly4eHbl TOJIbKO npH AeTaAbHOM H3y ieHHH
MaTepHaJIOB nejleHrOBaHHH yAaneH-
HbIX Ha3eMHbIX paAHOCTaHUHN H CO-
nOCT3BACHHII HX C pe3yJlbTaTaMH
KpyroBOro o6neTa neneHraTOpOa
caMOneTaMH.
OnpeAeneHHe AeBHaUHH Ha3eM-
HbIX nenearaTOpoB C fOMOIgbJO ca-
MOAeTa MO>KHO npOH3BeCTH: a) Me-
TOAOM paAHanbHbIX 3aXOAOB H
6) McTOAOM KpyroBoro o6neTa.
HHHCe AaeTCH CpaBHHTenbnaH oueil-
Ka TOqHOCTH 3THX ABYX McTOAOB.
OnpeAenenne AeBNagHH McTO-
i~ BbInOJIHHeTCa CAeAy101u1M o6pa3oM.
CaMoneT BbIXO HT Ha Kpyr paAHy-
r cOM 25-30 KM H 6epeT HyneBOA
KYPC Ha neneHraTOp. UJHOBpeMeHHO
AaeTCH CHrxan (Ha>KaTHe) npoAon-
}KHTeAbHOCTMO OKOJIO 1 Mlles. B Te-
4eHHe 3TOr0 BpeMeHH onepaTOp ne-
AeHraTOpHON CTBHUHH ycneBaeT
B3HTb HeCKOnbKO OTC9eTOB HO JIHM6y,
npH4eM B MOMeHT Ka>KAOro OT-
C4eTa AaeTCH 3ByKOBON CHrHaJi
Ha6AIOAaTeAlo, CneAHIUeMy 3a ca-
MOAeTOM B TeogonHT. B MOMeHT
npOH3BOAHT OTC4eT a3HMYTa Ca-
MOAeTa no rOpH3oHTaJlbHOMy JIHM-
6y1. TaKHM o6pa3OM, paJHoneneHr
H BH3yanbHbILi neneHr 6epyTCH npaKTHVecKH oAHOBpeMeHHo. AHaJlorngible onepa-
UHH nOBTOpaloTCH H Ha o6paTHOM Kypce (180? HO OTHO111eHHIO K neAeHraTOpy) H AaJlee
4epe3 K3>KAble 18-20?.
3Haqenne AeBHaunH f BbIMHCASIeTCH no IpopMyJle
f=0-q,
rAe 0 - cpeAHHi1 BH3yaJIbHbIFi neJlexr 113 n OTC4eTOB no JIHM6y TeOAOJIHTa;
q - CpeAHH11 paAHoneneHr.
TOMHOCTb onpeAeJleHHH AeBHaUHH onncaHHbIM Bbllne McTOAOM paAHanbHbIX 3axOAoB
MO>KHO oueHHTb 113 BbIpa>KeHHH, KOTOpOe HeTpyAHO nOAytlHTb, HCXOAA H3 rIPOCTbIX reoMeTpH-
4eCKHX 1OCTpOeHHF1 (pHC. 1).
(R-2,8.10-4Vt1)sin(a+ d)-Rsin a 0
+ 1, (1)
81 = arcctg { (R 4Vt1) sin (a --- - I ctg ~ - -2
+ 2,8. 10 -{- A) -+ R sin a 1 JJ 2
rAe 81 - MaKCHMaJIbHaH OHIH6Ka npit onpeAeneaHu AeBI1aUHH McTOAOM paAHanbHbIX 3axoaOB
(B rpaA?);
a - M3KCHMaJbHa$I OHIH6Ka oTC4eTa no AllM6y pagHonejlenraTOpa (B rpag.) ;
-9 - MaKCHMaJIbHaH olIH6Ka OTcileTa no AHM6y TeOA0AHTa (B rpaA.) ;
R - paAHyc o6neTa (B KM);
t1 - npoMe>KyTOK BpeMeiin hie>KAy OTcgeTaMH no AHM6y paAHonejlenraTopa H TeoAO-
JIHTa (B ceK);
- MaKCHMaJIbHoe OTKAOHeHne caMOAeTa OT KypCa (B rpaA.);
V - cpegHH1 CKOPOCTb caMOAeTa (B KM/K).
Pe3yJlbTaTbI paC4eTa MaKCHMaAbIIOA OnlH6Kli 01 B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT paAHyca 06JleTa ne-
AeHraTOpa R npnBeAeHbl B Ta6n. 1 2.
143 Ta6A1{UbI BHAHO, 4TO TO4HOCTb Onpe4eAelHH aeBHaUHH npH OTKAOHeHHH caro.,^eTa OT
HyAOBOCO KypCa Ha ?5? OKa3blBaeTC5I HeaoCTaTO4HOH (01 >0?,5). BMecTe C TeM, yBennee-
FIHe TO4HOCTII Bb1Aep>KHBaHHB KypCa caMOAeTa L He3Ha4HTeJIbHO noBblHlaeT TOLIHOCTb onpe-
AeAeHHA AeBua11,HH, TaK KaK 66:IbinaH 4aCTb CyMMapH011 nOrpeI1IHOCTII 01 npHXOAHTCH Ha
cJytallHble OIIH6KH npH OTC4eTaX neAeHra no AHM6y neAeliraTOpa (a).
I H y.eaoe 3HaTeHlie rOpH30HTanbHoro AHM6a TeogonHTa o6bIgHO 3apaHee yCTaHaBAH-
BaeTca B HanpaBAeHIHH HCTHHHOro MepHAHalla.
2 B pacieTe llcnoAb3oBanbl cIegylouille AaHHble V=240 KM/k; a=?0?,5; :-0?,1;
?-5? H tI=3 ceK.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
JIJIH yMeHbueHHH 3THX OWH60K Heo6XOAHMO npH Ka?KAOM 3axoae caMOJleTa 6paTb B03-
MOSKHO 6OJIbWee'lHCJIO oTcgeTOB. Tor4a OWH6KH OTJjeJIbHbIX OTcgeTOB, EEOCHWHe cJly'IatiHbIf
xapaKTep, npH ocpeAHeHHH 9aCTn'IHO KOMneHCnpyloTCH H TO'IHOCTb onpeAeneHHH paAHO-
neJleHra IIOBbIWaeTCH.
MwKeT 6bITb npHMeneH H Apyro6, 6OJiee npOCTON McTOA onpeAeJieHHH AeBHaIHH c no-
MOH[blo caMOJ1eTa (pllc. 2). CaMOJIeT JIeTHT no Kpyry yCTaHOBJ1eHHOrO paAHyca, AaBaa 'ie-
pe3 onpeAeJieHHbie npOMelKyTKH BpeMeHll CHrHaJlbl AJIH neJleHrOBaHHH (Ha icaTHH). r10CJ1eA-
Hne AaiOTCH C TaKHM pac'IeTOM, 'iTO6bI neJleHrI 6paJlHcb Vepe3 Ka}KAble 15-20?. 3a BpeMA
PHC. 2. OWHOKH onpeAeJleHHa AeBHaW1H McTOJ(OM Kpy-
FOBOTO o6JIeTa.
Ha)KaTHFI onepaTOp Ha nenearaTOpe 6epeT p1A oTcgeTOB no .nHM6y, onoBeIl(aH Ha6JIloAaTeJIH
y TeOAOJIHTa, HenpepbIBHO cJ1eAAluero 3a caMoJIeTOM, 3BOHKOM O MOMeHTe Ka)KAOro OTC'IeTa.
B MOMeIIT noJly'IeHHll CHrHaJIa Ha6JuoAaTeJ1b Y TeOAOJIHTa npOH3BOAHT OTC'IeT 110 rOpH30H-
TaJIbHOMy JIHM6y. aajiee npOH3BOAHTCH COHOCTaBjieHHe BH3yaJlbHbIX neJleHrOB C paAHO-
neJleHraMH H Bb19HCJIaeTCH nOnpaBKa Ha AeBHaUH10.
BeJIH9HHy OWH6KH B OnpeAejieHHH AeBHaI(HH MCTOAOM KpyrOBOrO o6.neTa neJleHraTopa
MO]KHO nerxo nOAC'IHTaTb no (popMyJIq
Vt1
S2 = 0,016 R ? + 1.
06o3Ha'IeHHB 3AeCb Te ]Ke, RTO H B npeAbiwywe6 (popMyJle.
Pe3yJIbTaT pac9eTa npl( Tex x(e HCXOAHbIX aaHHbIX npHBeaeH B Ta6J1. 2.
PaaHyc
o6,eTl
R (KAt )
MaKCIIMaJII,HaH
OWn6Ka &I
PaAHyc
o6JIeTa
R (KAI)
I aic1MaaT.HaB
oun161:a ~),,
10 0?,73 10
20 0 ,66 20
30 0,63 30
1?,75
1 ,17
0 ,98
CpaBHenhIe Ta6,T. I 1( 2 noxasblBaeT, uTO npH pajHyce o6.neTa nOp9II,Ka 20 K.M McTOA
paAHaJIbHbIX 3aXOAOB aaeT npHMepHo BgBOe 60JibmylO TO'IIIOCTb, 'IeM McTOa KpyrOBOFO 06-
JIeTa neJleHraTOpa. 1-1plI yBeJ II'IeHHH paanyca o6JieTa TO'IHOCTb o6omx McTO,ZOB ypaBHH-
BaeTCfl. OAHaKO pa3pewaiouuan cnoco6HOCTb COBpeMeHHblX CTaHAapTHb[X Te0A0JIHTOB He
117
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
r103BOJ15ieT CJ1eAHTb 3a caMOJIeTOM Ha paCCTOHHHHX 6oJlblue 25-30 KM. C npHMeHeHHeM 60-
Jlee CHJIbH01i OHTHKH Ha6JIK)AeHHH 3a caMOJIeTOM MOCYT 0cyu. eCTBJIBTbCH H Ha . 6OJIbUIHX
paCCTOHHHHX. 3T0 n03BOJIHT yBeJIH9HTb TOIIHOCTb onpeAeneHHH AeBHauHH.
I7ocrynuna 171X 1958 a. B. C. Hzxaroa
MAI'HHTHbIE BAPIIA11HH BHYTPH OCHOBHOR 3OHbI
IIOJI51PHbIX CHAHHFI
H3y9eHHe H3MeH'HBOCTH BapxaUHii MarHHTH0r0 nOJIH 3eMJIH 6blJlo npOBeaeHO H. M. IIy-
AOBKHHbIM B 1953 r. B OTHOCHTCJIbHO He60JIbWOM palioHe IO)KHee 30Hbl noJIBpHbIX CHHHHH B
CBH3H C npOH3BOACTBOM perHOHaJIbHblx aapoMarHITHbIX cbeMOK [1, 2]. PaCCMaTpHBaJIHCb
r.aaBHbIM o6pa3OM BapHaUnII Z H T. 1i
B 1956 C. B paHoHe MarHHTHOIi o6cepBaTOpuH 0. JHKCOHa, pacrion )KeHHOH Y IO)KHOH
FPaHHUbl 30HWI rlOJIHplbIX CHHHHH, npOBOAHJIHCb HccJIeAOBaHHH H3MeHgHBOCTH BapiauHH Ha
pa3Jnl'ulbIX paCCTOHHHHX OT o6cepBaTOpul [3]. CTaTHCTH9eCKaH o6pa6oTKa MaTepHaJIOB Ha-
6.,uoAennH nOKa3aJIa, 1T0 H3MeH'HBOCTb BapHaLHH MarHHTHOCO fOJIH Cyn[eCTBCHHO 3aBHCHT
OT HanpaBJIeHHH. K0344HUHCHTbI KOppeJIHIjHH nojIytIaIOTCH oAIIHaKOBbIMH npH paCCTOHHHH
180 Km no mHpOTe n 300 Kht no Ao,nrOTe. HaH60Jlbliee pa3JIH9He B 4)OpMe H 4)a3e Bapna-
UHF'. OTMegeHO Y BepTHKaJtbHOH COCTaBJIHiOIUeH. I'OpH3OHTaJIbHa/ COCTaBJI5IoIua5I Ha pac-
CTOHHHHX 100-300 KM MOHHCTCH 3Ha9HTeibHO McHbwe. TaKOH XapaKTep H3MeHeHH5I a6co-
JIIOTIIhIX 311a9eHHH H H Z nOJIH BapiaUHH MOmHO JIerKO 06"b/CHHTb C T09KH 3peHHH JIHHeFI-
IIOrO ropH OHTaJIbHorO TOKa B 30He nOJIHpHbIX CHHHHH.
.L1iii 113y4eHHH H3MeHgHBOCTH COCTaBJIHIOHIHX MarHHTHOro nOlu l BHYTPH 30HbI fOJIHPHbIX
CIIHHHII H"MII BeCHOH 1957 r. 6blJla yCTaHOBJIeHa nOXOAHaH Mal-HHTHa5l BapHaUHOHHa5i CTaH-
Icn51 (MBC) Tina Bploxe.nu1H B 6yxTe Harypcxol (3eMJIH (DpaHUa-Hocicpa, 80?,7 c. Hi.,
47?,3 B. A., 72?,2 reoMarHHTHOIi inHpOTbI, 151? reoMarHHTHO1i aojirOTbl). BapliauHH MarHHT-
HOrO nOJIH 3anHCb1BaJIHCb Ha nJleHKy HenpepblBHO C 13 anpeim no 6 Ma/ H cpaBHHBaJIicb c
MaFHHTOrpaMMaMli MarII1ITHOFI o6cepBaTOpHH 6yXTa THXaH (80?,3 c. in., 52?,8 B. A.,
71?,5 reoMarIIHTHOH nlnpOTbI, 154? reoMarHHTHOIi AoJIrOTH), paCnoJuo}KeHHOH B 108 KM OT
Harypcxoii.
C I(eJlb10 KOJIn4eCTBeHHOrO COHOCTaBJIeHHH 3anHCH MBC H MarHHTOrpaMM TIOCT05IHHO
AeiiCTByI0IUe}i o6CepBaTOpHH npOH3BOAHJIOCb cpaBHeHHe OTKJIOHeHHti MrHOBeHHbIX 3Ha9eHHH
H Il Z 3"eMeHTOB MaFHHTHOrO HOJIH OT CnOKOnHOrO fOJnI B OAHH H Te Ke MOMeHTbI, KorAa
none npHHHMaJIO XapaKTepHble 3KCTpeMaJlbHble 3Ha9eHHH. MOMe1iTbl 9KCTpeMyMOB Bb16Hpa-
JIHCb nOApHA no MaTepHaJlaM MBC H npaKTH9eCKH BCe OHH COBnaJIH BO BpeMeHH C 3KCTpe-
MYM2MH B 6yxTe THXOH. fIo COOT BeTCTByIOIUHM napaM OTKJIOHeHHH MarHHTHOrO nOJISJ OT
CHOKOIiHbIX 3Ha9eHHH BbI91ICJIHJIHCb KO344HUHeHTbI KOppe.n/UHH r, CBeAeHHHe B Ta6JIHUy
(Ta6.n. 1), B KOTOpOH nPHBeAeHbl TaKxce OTHOmeHHH KO3IlM)HUHeHTOB KOppeJIHUHH K AHCnep-
r
CHH nOKa3bIBaK)IUHe HaJ )KHOCTb BbIqucJIeHHbIX K0944HUHeHTOB KOppensl>,HH.
Ta6Aut4a I
Ko3("HUHeHTM KoppeJIHUHH Me)KAY BapHaUHHMH MarHHTHoro HOJIH B HarypcKOH
H 6yxTe THxo%
H I Z
H Z H Z
0,88
85
BapialHH BepTHKaJIbHOH COCTaBJIHK)HI,eH B 6yxTe THxoH H HarypcxoH CB513aHbl nO9TH
(4yHKUHOHaJIbHOH 3aBHCHMOCTblo, CBH3b BapHaUH{i rOpH30HTaJIbHOH COCTaBJnnoLUeri HeCKOJIbKO
McHee TeCHaH. TaKHM o6pa3oM, xapaKTep H3MeHgHBOCTH BapHauuH MarHHTHOrO nOJIH K ce-
Bepy OT 3OHbI rlOJIHPHbIX CHHHHI% CYIHieCTBeHHO OTJIH9aeTC31 OT BaPHaUHF1 B 30He. B TO BpeMH
KIK BQPTHKaJIbHaH COCTaBJIHK)IUa/ B 30He nOJIHpHbIX CHHHHH Ha paCCTOHHHHX ^ 100 KM
3I1MeTHO McHHeTCH, B paHOHaX K ceBepy OT Hee H3MeH'HBOCTb 3Ha9HTeJIbHO yMeHbinaeTCH.
HaHAeHHa/ 3aKOHOMQPHOCTb HMeeT cyluecTBeHHoe 3HageHHe HpM OpraHH3a[HH CeTH BpeMeH-
HHX MBC AJIH yea Bapia[HH npH aapOMarHHTHHX cbeMKax: ceTb CTaHUHH BHYTPH 30HbI
*_to}KeT 6HTb 6ojiee peAKOH no CPaBHeHHK) C ceTbIO B 30He nOJIHPHHX CHHHHH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
OTMe'1eHHbIH XapaKTep BapHanH1i MarHHTHoro nOJIH MO}KHO 06bHCHHTb C T04KH 3peHHH
MOLuHOrO TOKa B 301-le nOJIHpUBLX CHBHHH. Ha 6OJIbWIHX paCCTOHHHBX K ceBepy OT 30HbI
AeiiCTBHe TOKa npOHBJIHeTCB B OCHOBHOM B BepTHKaJIbHON COCTaBJIBIOLUeH, KOTOpaB n.IaBHO
McHHeTCB BCJIeACTBHe 60JIbWoro paCCTOBHHB OT TOKa AO TO4eK Ha6JImmAeHHH. BapHauHH ro-
pH30HTaabHOH CoCTaBnalomeS BHYTPH 30Hbl 06yCJIOBJIeHbI npeHMYIUeCTBeHHO 6JIH3Jle?KaujHMH
K nOBepXHOCTH 3eMJIH TOKaMH, n03TOMy H H3MeHIIHBOCTb A H HeCKOJIbKO 6onblue.
1-lpH HCCneAOBaHHH 3KCTpeMaJlbHbIX BeJIHIIHH cpaBHHBaJIHCb TOJIbKO OTAeJ1bHble 3Ha4eHHB
nOJIB. L-lTo6bl HCKJIIOtIHTb Cy6beKTHBHOCTb, KOTOPaH Mo)KeT HOBBHTbCB npH npHHBTOM McTOAe
OT6opa, 6b1J,0 npOBeAeHO cpaBHeHHe Bcex cpeAHe'laCOBbIX BenH41iH AH H AZ 3a Bech ne-
pHOA Ha6a o eHHH B 23 AHB. Pe3yJlbTaTbl CpaBHeHHB HOATBePAHJIH BbIBOA, nOnyUeHHbIH H3
CpaBHeHHH 3KCTpeMaJlbHblX 3HageHHH - BapHauHH r0pH30HTaJIbHOH COCTaBJIHIOIUe5 B Haryp-
CKOH H 6yXTe THxoi pa3HBTCH Mex,eai nno-
LuaAN OCTPOB3 140 KM2.
Ha 3eNl. e BH.mbveKa rpH6bi TOrO )Ke BNJIa 6b1J1H Halliieilbl B KOHUe HIOJIH Ha loro-3anaA-
H0iI OKOHe4HOCTII OCTp0Ba - MbICC Fall3a (80'23' c. HI.). 3KOJlorH4ecKHe yCJIOBHA HX MccTO-
0611TaHII51 npH6JJH3JITeJlbH0 OAHHaKOBbI C TeMH YCJIOBHHMH, B KOTOpbIX liaXOANJIHCb npeA-
CTaI3IITCJIB 6ypoclropoBbrx c 0. Xefica. Ha o6pau.),eHHOIi x lo17o-3ana.y He60.abLHOFI MopCKOe
Teppace, cJlo?KeHHoii or:aTaIuloN raJIbKOFi, BajiyHarn, rieCKOM H McJIK03eMOM, 6bIJI0 co6paHo
OKOJIO TpimuaTH 3K3eMnJIApOB 3THX rpn6OB.
OCTaJlblible 9K3eMrl15ipbi HaiiJaeHLI BO BTOpOO no.Rorulie aBryCTa Ha 0CTpOBaX BHHep-
[IeiiIBTaAT H i-IaMn. KpoMe 6OJIbLHOr0 KoJIH9ecTBa 6ypOCnopOBblx, 3AeCb 6bIJI 06Hapy)KeH
miA Omphalia umbellifera (Fr.) Quel. Ha o. BHHep-HeiinWTaaT rpH6bi 6bIJiH Hallueabl Ha
1Huucc BacnJlbeBa (loro-3arlaAHaa OKOHegiIIOCTb OCTpOBa, 80?46' c. m.), Ha IlJnpOKON 1JIOCKON
d-2---NC. 2. O630pHaa KapTa 3eMJIN (ppaHUa-Hoca4 a H McCTa HaXOAOK rpH6oB.
1 - cyiua, cao60AHaq OT nbAa; 2 - oeAsiiioil IioKpoB; 3 - mecTa BaxO2 OK rpx6oB B 1957 r.
MOpCKO0i Teppace, CJION(eHHo4i McJ!KOnje6HHCTbIM H ApeCB5iHHCTbIM MaTepna ioi c 6oJIbiuHM
KOJII4eCTBOM HaMbITOro McJIK03eMa. rpH6bi 3AeCb HaXOAHJIHCb B YCJIOBHAX CHJIbHOro yBJIaN(-
11CHH51 H 6bIJIH CKOHueHTpHpol3aHhl B OAHOM McCTe, Ha nJlow .aILH npHMe))xo 3-4 M2. IIO Bceii
BepOATHOCTH, OHH 3AeCb BCTpe Ia1OTCH HCKJIK)4HTe.'IbHO peAK0, TaK KaK Ha MbICe BacHJlbeaa
6oJlbHle He 6bIJIH o6HapyNKeiibl_ HCKJIiO4eHHe COCTaBJIAeT eJHHH4Hb1N 3K3eMrIJlnp Omphalia
umbellifera (Fr.) Quel, HaiiAeHHbIN Ha Ba.iy KOHe4HOFi MopeHbl, Ha BbICOTe 25-30 M HaA
ypOBHeM MOpiI. 3TOT rpH6 Hax OAHJICH Ha cJia6oysnamHeHHoli nOBepXHOCTH MopeHbl, C410-
}KeHHON rJI6{6OBbIM H Lue6eH4aTbIM MaTepnaJio c McJIK03eMOM.
B KOHue aBryCTa OKOJIO Tpex aecRTKOB njlaCTHH4aTbIX rpx6oB COrtinarius sp. 6bInH
HaiiAeHbI Ha MbICe FOpHCTOM 0. i-IaMrl (80?42' c. Hi.). KpoMe HHX, 3AeCb 6biAH HaI1AeHb1
TaK)Ke ABa 3K3eMn.'IApa BHAa Omphalia umbellifera (Fr.) Quel. B OTJIHoHe OT HaXOAOK Ha
ApyrHx OCTpOBaX, rpH6hI 3ACCb BCTpe'1aJIHCb 4auie H 6bIJIH Co6palibl c 60JIbLUOR nnoluaAH.
MO)KHO CKa3aTb, 4TO rpH6bi 6bIJIH pacupoCTpaHeHbl Ha BCeM MbICe, T. e. Ha BCeO nOBepXHO-
CTH, CBo60AHOfi OT JIbaa H clle KHHKOB.
Heo6.XoAHMO 3aMeTHTb, 4TO B TO BpeMA KaK Ha OCTpOBax Xe5Ca, 3eMJIA BHJlbileKa
H BHHep-HeFOWTaAT rpH6bi 6biwin HaLAeHbI Ha BbICOTe, He npeBbllualouleO 5 M naA ypoaneM
Mopa, na MbICe FOpHCTOM OHH o6Hapy)KeHbI B 6OJIbIHOM gHaFIa3oHe BbICOT: OT 2-3 Ao 100 M
iiaA YPOBHeM Mopa.
KpoMe BbIlnenepe4HCJleHHbIX MCCT o6HTaHH51 rpH6(,B, 3K3CMHJIHpbl Cortinarius sp. 6b1.,m
Ha0JeHbl TBK)Ke Ha O. Fo4pMaHa (81?18' c. In.) H Ha MbICe CeAOBa o. FyKepa (80?22' c. {u.).
3TH IiaXOAKH 6bIJIH CAe.!lalibl B. F. IOAOBHbIM H B. A. ,UH6HepOM. rpH6bl c 0. r0())MaHa,
K CO)KaJIe1N10, He yjaJIOCb coxpaHHTb.
HaXOAKa nJIaCTHngaTBIX rpH60B AaeT AOfOJIHHTeJIbHble AaHIibie 0 (PJiope apminenara
m o reOrpa4Jn4eCKOM paCnpOCTpaHeHHH HeKOTOpbIX BHAOB ceMe6CTBa Agaricaceae Ha o6BlHp-
11o0 TeppHTOpHH COBeTCKOro C0I03a, B TOM 4Nc.1e H B ApKTHKe.
3a 86 JIeT, npoLuca iinx c MOMeHTa OTKpbITHA 3eM.;1i (DpaH13a-HOCH(2a AO HaCTOAul,ero
BpeMean, 3AeCb 61 mo Haf1Aeno McHee aeCATKa pa3JIH4HbIX BHAOB rpH6oB, BKJIIO4aH H MHK-
poMHIIeThI. Hpa CpaI3HeHNN MHKOq)JIOpbl apxHne.riara c MHKO(2JIOpOH ApyrHx nOJIApHIIX o61Ia-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
cTetl (HanpHMep, 1.11nuu6epreHa, HoBoi 3eMJIH HJIH rpeHnaHAHH) 6pocaeTCH B rna3a Kpali-
HHN 6eAHOCTb MHKO(~nOpbl 3eMnN (DpaHua-HoCH(4a. CKyuHOCTb ee 3AeCb MO)KHO 06'bBCHHTb
o6tuei 6eAHOCTbIO r)nopbl 3THX H30JIHpOBaHHbIX OCTpOBOB, HO B TO We BpeMH H HeAOCTaT-
KOM CBeAeHNN, co paHHbIX JIHWHb HeMHOrHMH 3KCNCAHUHBMH, Mano yAenllBWWHMH BHHMaHHH
c6opy KoJlneKUHn rpH60B. FpH6bI 3AeCb HaXOAHJIHCb y4aCTHHKaMH pa3JlH4Hblx 9KCneAHUHH
KpailHe peAKO H He Kax(AblH rom. B OT9eTaX HeKOTOpbIX H3 HHX ynOMHHaHNs1 o rp16ax BO-
o6lue OTCyTCTByIOT. HeAOCTaTOK O)lOpHCTHgeCKHX CBeaeHHN o6 3TOM apxnnenare o6b5iC-
HSIeTCH K TOMy we ero HeKOTOpbIMH npHpOAHbIMH o006eHHOCTHMH. CaeayeT y9HTbIBaTb,
tITO HeCMOTpI Ha cpaBHHTenbHO 60nbIylO TeppHTOpHIo apxnnenara, nJloiuaub CBO60AHOH OT
nbAa Cy(HH o9eHb HeBeJIHKa ( 10% o6uuef nnomaAH), a (pnopa Boo6uie He OTJIHgaeTCH
6oraTCTBOM.
KJIHMaTH9eCKHe yCnOBHH 3eMJIH (DpaHUa-MocH4)a o9eHb CypOBbI H, no BCeH BHAHMOCTH,
He AaIOT B03M03KHOCTH rpH6aM e)KerO1 HO pa3BHBaTbC51, npOXOANTb HOpManbHbl41 UHKJI
BereTauHH H CnOpOHOIneHHA. HeO6XOAHMbIN TeMnepaTypHbli! ONTHMyM AJIH HHX C03AaeTCF1
Ha apxnnenare He KaMKAoe neTO, H TOJIbKO B HeKOTOpble roAbi neTo 6bIBaeT AOCTaTOgHO
Tennb[M. FpH6bI 3AeCb MOCYT pa3BHBaTbC5I B Hi0ne H aBryCTe nNHIb TorJa,.KorAa 6bIBaeT
AOCTaTO9Hoe KOJIHgeCTBO cpaBHHTelbHO TenlbIX H 6e3BeTpeHHbIX AHeII. B TaKHe AHH C03-
AaIOTCA Heo6xo1HMble 3KOJIOrH9eCKHe yCJIOBH51 Aim pa3BNTHA MHKO4)JIOpbI, TaK K3K notBa
npOrpeBaeTCA B 3Ha'HTelbHO 60JIblueA CTeneHH,geM 3TO 06b19HO 6bIBaeT Ha 3eMne (DpaHUa-
HocH(4a, H TOnbKO TorAa rpH6bl MOryT o6pa3OBbIBaTb nnOAOBb!e Tena.
TaKHM (rpH6HbIM rOAOMN 6bin, B qaCTHOCTH, 1957 r., Koraa B Te'eHHe NK)nII H aerycTa
OTMeganOCb 60nbuiOe KOJIH9eCTBo 6e3BeTpeHnblx HJIN nO'TH 6e3BeTpeHHbIX, ConHe9HbIX H
cpaBHHTenbHO Tennbix aHel. TeMnepaTypa B03Ayxa nOAHHManaCb HeCKOnbKO pa3 AO + 6?,
a B npH3eMHOM cjioe fibula, B03MO)KHO, H Bbiwe. flpH TaKHX yCJIOBHHX aOBOJIbHO BbICOKyIO
TeMnepaTypy HMeloT TaKN(e H OTAenbHble ytaCTKH nO9Bb1. M. M. I4BaHOB Ha 3eMne cpaHua-
MocHepa Ha6nlo2an TeMnepaTypbl nOtBbI Ha rny6HHe 5 c, Ao +12?. TaKHe cpaBHHTelbHO
BbICOKHe TeMnepaTypbl B03Ayxa H n09BbI Ha apXHnelare - HBJIeHHe AOBO.TbHO peLKOe, H
neTHHe MecHUbl (HioJib - aBryCT) He eBKeroAHO 6bIBa!OT HaCTOJIbKO TennbIMH, 9To6bi C03-
AaJIHCb 6naronpHHTHb!e 9KOJlorH9eCKHe yCJIOBHA Aim pa3BNTH51 MI4KO44nOpbl.
HoBal HaXOAKa nnaCTHH9aTbIX rpH60B Ha 3eMne (Dpaxua-HocHCta npeACTaBnIeT AO-
nOJIHHTenbHblu 4aKTH9eCKHH MaTepHan aJI5 MHKOreorpa(jHH H MO}KeT HOMO9b pa3pemeHHlO
BOnpOCOB pa3MelueHH51 HeKOTOpbIX BHAOB H H3MeHeHHH (pnopbl rpH60B B MepHAHOHalbHOM
HanpaBneHHH. IIpHBeaeHHbie CBeAeHHA AOnOJIHAIOT B HeKOTOjO}( CTeneHH npeACTaBneHHH
O npHcnoCO6JlIeMOCTH HeKOTOpbIX BHAOB nnaCTHH9aTbIX rpH6oB, o6 HX IIIHpOKOM 3KOJIOrH-
geCKOM H reorpa(4HgeCKOM AHana30He.
IlocaynuAa 28/111 1959 -. JI. C. I'oeopyxa
1. B c6opHHKe >.
2. B c60pHHKe c Ipo6neMbi ApKTHKH H AHTapKTHKH:-, Bbin. 1, 1959 r., Ha cTp. 78 B
nO9CHeHHH K t4opMyne (13) no BHHe aBTopa yKa3aHO:
tl
$Btdt.
A - I + -}- LP Ho tl 0
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ilpo6aeMd APKTHKH H AHTapKTHKH, C6oPHHK CTaTeN, Bun. 3
AAHHH
TeXH. peaaKTOp J1. 17. IIpoX,cuHa KoppeKTOp P. B. ao6puHcica. H T. M. 1Oduna
M-20571. CAaHo B npOH3BOACTBo 30/X 1959 r. floAnHcaHo K newaTH 15/II 1960 r.
ByMara 70X108'/16=5,22 6yM. ,n. flew. n. 10,44. Yq.-H3A. n. 9,44. H3A. Ne HTJI/409.
THpaw 500 3K3. UeHa 6 p. 60 K. 3aKa3 N9 1327.
7-H THnorpa4 u i H3AaTeJ1bCTBa KMOpCKOH TpaHCnOpm..IeHHHrpaA, yn. K. 3aCJ10HOBa, 30.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
STAT
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
H3BECTIISI
AKAAEMMI4 HAVKCCCP
CEPHSI TEOCLI3144 ECKASI
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Nfy puarc ocuoeau e 1937 z.
nod pedanqueu araaeMuna 0. X0. fflmuonm
PEJjAH UHOHHAJI KOJIJIEI'HH:
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'i i.-Hopp. AH CCCP B. B. BenoyCOB, qn.-Hopp. AH CCCP H. A. Ka6em.,
q x.-Hopp. AH CCCP M. C. MonoAeacxnf, nn.-Hopp. AH CCCP A. M. 06yxon,
qn.-Hopp. AH CCCP 10. B. PHaaageaxo, qn.-Hopp. AH CCCP E. H. Q)eRopoB,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
r
H 3 B E C T H H A K A A E M H H H A Y R C C C P
LIACTOTHAJI TEOPHf1 FPYHHHPOBAHHH CHFHAJIOB
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no ex. B 60JIbmHHCTBe cny*iaeB Bm6op rpynn IIPOHaBOAHTCH B npeIHOJIo-
}KeHHH, iITO nomexa COCTOHT H3 HReaJlbHbuX peryJlHpnmx BOJIH, (4OpMa KOTOpbiX
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aeaHe CJIO)RHbIX KoJIe6aHHE, KOTOpbie Henb3H CHHTaTb perynxpHmMH.
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}KeHHIIM, TaK KaK B AegCTBHTeJTBHOCTH BCe TIIyMbi, Ha6JnoJ aeMme B IIpHpOJ[e,
B TOI3 HJIH HHOT3 CTeueHH KoppeJIHpOBaHm.
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iiaCTOTHOI TOOpHH rpyIIIIHpOBaHHH [41 Ha cJlyilai BMAeJIeHHH IIOJIe3HbIX cHrHa-
JIOB Ha Gone HeperyJTHpHbix KoppeJIHpOBaHHMX MyMOB. Ann XapaKTepacTHKa
nocaeAHHx HCHOJIb3YIOTCH HeKOTOpbie pe3yJI]E-TaT& CTaTHCTH'TecKOi TeOPHH
cHrHaJIOB [1]. IIpeAJTaramOTCH CIIOCO6m o60CHOBaHHorO Bbr6opa napaMeTpoB
rpynn Ha OCHOBe AaHHbix axcnepHMeHTaJlbaoro H3yteHHH CBOfICTB TnyMOB.
CTaTHCTHHecKHI3 a((1eKT rpyJIIHpOBaHHH HpH HaJIH~THH HexoppeJIHpOB HHhIX
IHYMOB HBJIHeTCH ,faCTHbIM CJIyLIaeM IIPOBOAHMOrO HHH(e paCCMOTpeHHH.
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KawyERaHCH CKOPOCTb V OCTaTOTCH IIOCTOHHHLIMH no Mepe paCIIpOCTpaHeHHH
BOJIHbI BAOJIb HaapaBJIeHHH x. PeryJu1/payIO \BOJIHY MO}KHO IIpeACTaBHTb B
BHAe (yHKIjHOHaJIbHOS3 3aBHCHMOCTH f 1 t - v I, rj a OTHOIIIOHHe x/v xapaK-
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a BO BTOpOM- x-IIpeACTaB ieHHe CHrHana f (t t - i) B MOMOHT t = to. Tau
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
KaK IIO yCJIOBHIO (opMa cHrHaiia II CKOpOCTL V OCTaIOTCSI HeH3MeHHEIMH upii
BCeX 3HalIeHHSiX X, TO O6OHM YIIOMHHyTUM IIpe)1CTaBJIeHHHM COOTBeTCTByIOT
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JjJIH yIIOMHHyTbIX KOHeiIHbIX yqaCTKOB C TOi JIHIIIb pa3HHIjek, TITO IIpH JjOCTa-
TO'IHO 6OJIbmHX CKOpOCTHX V B Bm6paHHblg IIpOMe?KyTOK Xi X < X2 MOSKeT
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JIH X, TO (OCH CHH()a3HOCTHN TaKHX cIIrHaJIOB O6bIilHO MO KHO IIpOCJIeJjHTb
JIHIIIb Ha BeObMa MaJIOM yziaCTKe IIpO(fHJIH.
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B HeKOTOPLIA (1HRCHpOBaHHNi3 MOMeHT BpeMeHH t = to. IIpH TOM 6yReM
HMeTb x-IIpej{CTaBJIeHHe n(x) HeperyJiapHLlx cHrHaJIOB B momeHT t = to.
3aMeTHM, tiTO B 6OJIbmHHCTBe CJIy'IaeB, HMeIOIIIIIX IIpaKTHLIecKHi HHTepec,
CHrHaJI n(x) o6J1ag{aeT ropa3Ao 6oJlee TOHKOI CTpyRTypoH,'IeM x-IIpeJjCTaBJIeHHH
peryJiapHLIx CHrHaJIOB H gJIH l oCTaTO'IHO 6oJibIIIOro yziacTRa IIpo(HJIH HpeJj-
CTaBJIHeT co6oi OTpe3OIf CJIyiIal3Ho i IIIyMOBOi (yHKIjHH.
B JjaJlbHegmeM yCJIOBHMCI CTmTaTb, 'ITO IIIyM n(x) HBJIHeTCI CTaIjHoHap-
HLIM H ero CTaTHCTH*iecRHe CBOICTBa J{JI$ BbI6paHHoro MOMeHTa t = to MaJIo
OTJIH*IaIOTCH OT CTaTHCTHileCKHX CBOACTB x-IIpeJ;CTaBJIeHHl3 MOB B COCeJjHHe
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3aI;HH HIyMa n(x).
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IjHg BpeMeHH.
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06oaHa'IHM cIIeHTP t-IIpeJjcTaBJIeHHH cHrHaiia f (t - x) B To*Ixe x = 0
ilepe3 S((o). Toryja CIIeRTp F(v) x-HpeJ(CTaBJIeHHl cIIrxa3la B momeHT t = to
6yJjeT HMOTb BHJj
F (v) = S f (to - v e-i?xdx = vS (vv) exp (- itovv) _
-00
= v j S (vv) I exp [- i arg S (vv)-itovv].
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TpynnHpoBanne cHrxanoB 771
OTCIoAa CJIegyeT, 11TO MO,gyJIbI F(v)j cneKTpa x-npegCTaBJieHHSI pery.unpnoro
cnrnaiia C TO'IHOCThIO Ao MHO?KHTeJIH v BepTHKaJlbaoro MacmITa6a coBnaJ{aeT
c MOJ;yJIeM cneKTpa S(w) t-npeJ;cTasneHHH CHrHaJia, OTJIHLIaHcb OT Hero pac-
THmeHHeM B90JIL OCH V, O6paTHO IIpOIIOpI1IOHamibHNM CKOpOCTH v. B iIacTHo-
CTH, IIpH V--->00 KpHBaY MOJ;yJIH IF(v)I CKOJIb yrOgHO 6JIH3K0 IIpn6Jnu naeTCn
K ocH v = 0, 6eCnpeJ{eJlnH0 Bo3paCTan no aMIIJIHTyAe. CgeJiaHHble 3aKJIIotJeHHH
cUpaBeJSJIHBM, pa3yMeeTC31, B IIpeJ{IIOJIon eHHn, tITO ())opMa t-IIpegCTaBJreHHH
cnrHaaa f (`t - v H CKOpOCTb V oCTaIOTCH IIOCTOHHHbIMH IIpH Bcex 3Ha'Ie-
HHfIX X, IIpH KOTOpMIX x-npegCTaBJIeHne eme 3aMeTHO OTJIHiIHO OT HyJIH.
HepegAeM J;aiiee K cueRTpaJIbHbIM xapaKTepncTHKaM x-npeJ{CTaBJIeHHfI
HeperyJlnpHbix CHrHajIOB. 3())(eRTHBHOCTb myMa n(x) 6yJ{eM oI;eHHBaTb B
cpeJ{HeM, oupeJ(eJIHH ero cpeJ{Hioio KBaJ{paT1*IHyIO ahiIIJiHTyAy a, Tan KaK
cpegHJ1B aMIIJIHTyAa x-IIpeJ{cTaBJIenHI3 HeperyYIHpnblx ceHcMn'IecKHx cxrna-
JIOB IIO'ITH BCerJ;a pasha HyJIIO.
AMIIJIHTyJ[y a MO RHO HagTH no (4opMyne
a YW0, (1)
rge Wo - cpeJ;Hnn MOII;HOCTb myMa.
B CBOJO otiepeAL cpeJSHnn MOII;HOCTb Wo onpeJ{eJIneTCH IHTerpaJloM
00
Wo = S W (v) dv, (2)
--0c
B KOTOpOM W(v) - crJia}KeHHM cneKTp MOl;HOCTH myna, noJiy1ieHHbII3 B
pe3yJIITaTe ycpegHeHHH cnenTpOB 21 I Ni (v) I2 2~c IIpH 1--> '. 3gecb Ni (v) -
CneKTpbi Hr. 2, ripe-
AeJIbHoe 3Ha'ieHHe aB,,,x IIpH I x-- 0o AOCTHraeTCH HpaKTHgec1H y1Ke HpH no-
IIa/aHHH HecIOJlbKHx nepBbIx n06o'iinn IIepHOAOB XapaITep}CT1KH BHyTpb
npoMe?KyTKOB, B KOTOpbIX B OCHOBHOM COCpeAOTO'IeHbl CneKTpbI MOIIJHOCTH
IHVMOB. Ho3TOMy AaJIbHeHIIIee paCTSDKeHHe Ox IIpH (1HKCHPOBaHHOM glCJIe
HpHeMHHKOB B rpynne y1Ke He IIPHBOAHT K Cy]IIeCTBeHHOMy 1OHHHfeHHIO
aMIIJIHTyAbI aBb,x.
Han BHAHO 113 #r. 2, XapanTep H3MeHeHHH aMIIJIHTyAbl aBB,x CyH;eCTBeHHo
3aBHCHT OT BHAa CIIeKTpa MOn1HOCTH W(v). B 'IaCTHOCTH, ec ni HOCJIeAHHI3
HMeeT AOCTaTO'HO IIOHOtHi3 3aBari B o6iiaCTH BbICOKHX 'IaCTOT ((Hr. 1, 2,
xpuBbie 2, 3), TO BeJIHgHHa aBB,x y6MBaeT MOHOTOHHO no Mepe pacTHineHHH
h'(kOx), CTpeM$ICb K HpeAeJIbHOMy 3Ha'IeHHIO.
I4Hage o6CTOHT AeJIO, eCJIH cIIeKTp IIIyMa HMeeT KpyTOg 3aBaJI B o6JIacTH
BbicOKHx 'IaCTOT (CM., HaupHMep, cIIeKTp 3HageHHI3 Me1KAy I1eHTpaJIb-
HbIM H IIePBIdM Ilo6ogHMM IIepRoAaMH xapaKTepHCTHKH I Hnep(V) 12. HpH 3TOM
MHHHMaJIbHa$I aMIIJIHTyAa aBblx MOiHOT 6bITb 3HaiIHTeJIbHO McHbMe IIpeAeJlbHoro
3HagerHt aBWX npH Ox-->0o.
TaiHM o6pa3oM, eCJIH 'IHCJIO OpAHHaT AHCKpeTHOI3 4yHK111H pacnpeAeJle-
HHH h'(kLx) (J)HHCHPOBaHO H cIIeKTp IIIyMa W(v) HMeeT 3aBaJI B o6JIaeTH HHa-
KHX gaCTOT, TO CyII OCTByeT OIITHMaJIbHOe paCTH1KeHHe`h'(kLx), IIpH KOTOPOM
aBMx?a Yj h' (kA x). (8)
k
(9)
rAe N - noJIHOe gricZO npHeM-
HHKOB B rpynne.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
aMIIJIHTyga aBytx MHHHMaJIbHa. YIIOMJIHYTOe OIITHMaJIbHoe paCTJ1weHHe IIp0-
ii a Bcero HaXOAHTb rpac ntIecKH, onpei{eiiSSI IIJiouiaJ{b, orpanH*ieaayio KPH-
Bog cIIeKTpa MODjHOCTH WBUx(v) pe3yabnapyK)Igero myMa, OIIpeJ(eJIeHHOro
c OpMyJiOH (6), IIpH pa3JIHiIHOM paCTH}KeHHH IIepHOJ;Hilecxog XapaKTepHCTHKH
I Hnep(v) 12.
CTaTHCTHeecKC?e Ho)aBJleHne MOB rpynnaMx c 4IHKcxpoBaHHof
6aaofi Hpx paaiuyxofl BerrH'IHHe npoMexcyTKOB Ox Me}xJ;y
xpHeMUHKaMH
B paccraTpIiBaeroM CJiytIae TIHCJIO IIpHeMHHKOB B rpynne H3MeHHeTC}I
06paTHO IIponopI;HOHa1IbHO BeJIHTiHHe Ax, B TO we BpeMfi OpJ(HHaTbI AiicHpeT-
HOg c yHKAHH pac1pegeileHHn h'(kix) H3MeHSIIOTCFI, BIIHCbIBagCb BHyTpb
KpHBOH ixh(x), opAHHaThi KOTOpOg IIOJ;gepWHBaioTCSi IIOCTOSIHHNNMH. JIerxo
BHgeTb, "ITO cJlaraeMble H(v - 2pvo), H3 KOTOpLIX IIOCTpoeHa IIepRogia IeCKaB
XapaKTepHCTHKa Hnep(v), OCTa1OTCJ1 HeH3MeHHLIMH no HIHp1He, HO H3MeHSIOT
CBOIO aMIIJIHTYAy o6paTHO IIPOIIOPI;HOHaJIbHO Ox. HepHOA IIOBTOpeHHH Xa-
paKTepHCTHKH HO-Hpe}KHeMy OIIpeJ;eJIHeTCH (OpMyJIOi Vo = IC/Lx.
%1 rl i 1 it l i I I l i I%~ i- i JAI
i I ~~ .11. I, i, li i- I. ~1 1 I1I , i I It ii II
X
2
4. ~l ',I 1 III1 ~IIIIIIIIIIL11, IIIIiII
II II II I II'I)II
II I .. .! II .. .. I II II ~
mar. 3. K onpegeJleuH[o 3aBHCHMOCTB aMLJIHTya{LI aBLIX OT Be-
JIHgIBHm npoMeRyTKOB Ax npH #KCHpOBaHaog 6aae.
1 - 4 - cneKTpbL W (v) myMOB; 6 - 9acTOTHag xapaI Tepacznxa IHnep (V)1'%
ra - Ax = 32 n/O; 6 - Ox = 8n/O; b - Ax = 2n/i1
Ha #r. 3 CIIJIOMHOI JIHHHeg noKa3aHM CIIe1TpBI IIIyMOB, paCCMOTpeHHMe
B IIpeJ 1IJ;yIIJeM pa3J>;e3le. Tam me IIOKa3aHb1 IIYHKTIIp0M XapaKTepHCTHKH
I Hnep(v) I2 IIpH pa3JIHTiHbIX 3Ha'IeHHIIX AX, HO IIpH ()HKCxp0saHHOu 6a3e 2x0.
B I(euu ix coKpai ieHHx pa3MepOB iiepTema BepTHKa3ImHbIH MacmTa6 XapaKTe-
pHCTIIK I Hnep(v) 12 HCKa}KeH C TeM,'ITO6M HX aMIIJIHTyAHble 3Ha'IeHHH OKa3aJIHCb
0) 1IHaKOBMMH AJIH paCCMaTpHBaeMbIX BeJIWJ1IH Ax.
Ha 4mr. 4, I H3o6pa}KeHM COOTBeTCTByIOMHe 3aBHC11MOCTII CpeRHeg
KBagpaTHLIHOI3 aMIIJIHTyABI aBL1X pe3yJIbTHpyioWero IIIyMa OT BeJIHtIHHbI np0-
McHCYTKOB OX.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
-
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TpynnnpoBaHHe cnrHaJIOB 777
Rai BHJSHO H3 (f Hr. 3,a, IIpH 60JimnIHx aaa ieHHfix Ox BHyTpb AHanaaoHa,
B KOTOPOM B OCHOBHOM cocpeAOToileHbi CIIeKTPbi IHyMOB, nona>;aeT 6o]IbIIIoe-
'Iacilo IIepHOAoB xapaKTepHCTHKH
I Hnep (v) 12. 3TO COOTBOTCTByeT c iygaio, Q Air a
KorAa IIpOMeMYTKH AX AOCTaTOgHO Be-
JIHKH, TaK LITO BepOHTHOCTHLie CBH3H iSL i
14
2f
McHq y CyMMHpyeMbiMH OPRHHaTaMH I I i I
IIIyMOBOE (yHKI;HH OKa3LIBaIOTCH IIpe-
He6peH{HMo MaJIbiMH. j
Ho Mepe yMeHbIIIeHHH IIpoMeH(yT- ___Q
ROB Ax, a CJIeJ;OBaTCJILHO, no Mepe iSB I I ' 4/0
yBeJIHgeHHH iucJia OPAHHaT h'(kix)
IIepHOJ;bi IIOBTOpeHHH 2v0 paCTYT HpH
HeH3MeHHOI3 IIIHpHHe ciiaraeMi x
H(v - 2pvo) nepHOAHgecxoi3 xapaRTe-
BO3paCTaeT BHagane McAJIer io, a 3aTeM
6bicTnee. Haxoneu. Rorna uer)Bme no-
VVYrib1G UGpYIV?bl Aapanlcpni,Irinn
I Hnep(v) 12 BHXOA5IT 3a IIpegemlbi J;Hana-
- .r ---J ----- ~'r -'
aMIIJIHTyJ(a affx HaIIHHaeT paCTH 06paT- 32~/S? SJi/S? A fT/2Q 1I/9St dir
HO upOIIOPAROHaJIbHO Ax. RaJIbHeMHee
MenbmeIIIIn n M 4 RTAIInriru yore ne cDrr. 4. 3aBHCHMOCTH aB,,x (I) H ABHx/aBUX
y
BJIHHeT Ha CROpOCTb Bo3paCTaHH3i aBElx? ~HKCHpoBaHHOg6aae
HaR BI1 HO 113 (()Hr. 4, 3aBHCHMOCTH
aeux OT AX CyII1eCTBeHHO OIIpeJ;eJiHIOTCH
BHJ;OM cneRTpa MOIRHOCTH W(v). B iaCTHOCTH, eCJIH nocjieJ;HHH HMeeT j o-
CTaTOgHO IIOJIOriii 3aBaJI BbICOKHX gaCTOT (d nr. 3, 4, RPHBLIe 2, 3), BeJIHgHHa
aBwx Bo3paCTaOT MOHOTOHHO. B cJiygae 6eJIOro myMa (c Hr. 3, 4, RPHBbie 1}
Ha6JIiogaeTCH HOKOTOpaR OCAHJIJIHIRHH 3HageHHH aB,Jx no Mepe yMeHbmeHHiI
Ax. HaKOHeI, eCJIH CIIeKTp W(v) HMeeT 3aBaJI IIpH MaJIMX 3HageHHHX v
((Hr. 3, 4, KpHBNe 4), KPHBaH 3aBHCHMOCTH aBS,x OT Ox U OXOAHT iepe3 MH
HIIMyM, rJiy6HHa KOTOPOrO 3aBHCHT OT BHga CIIeKTpa W(v), a TaKme OT THIIa
nepnoy irTeCRoI gaCTOTHOI XapaKTepHCTHKH. MHHHMyM J;oCTHraeTCH, KorJ{a
OCHOBHaH gaCTb CIIeKTpa W(v) noua) aeT B IIpoMCH TOK HyJIeBUX aHageHHg
Mc)R I CHTpaJIbHbIM H IIepBLIM no601qHLIM IIePHOJ;aMH xapaITepHCTHKH
I Hnep(v) 12.
11pleM IIOJIe3HbIX CHrHaJiOB Ha (OHe IHYMOB IIpH rpyIIIIHPOBaHHH
3#eKTHBHOCTb BbIJ[eJIeHHH HoJie3HOro cHruaJla Ha (DoHe myMa MO}KHO
xapaKTep}3OBaTb BeJIIPIHHOg OTHOIIIeBIIH ABtax/aBUx, rJ1e ABux- IIHKOBaH aMIIJIH-
TyJLa IIOJIe3Horo CHrHajIa; aB6lx - cpeJkHeRBaJIpaTngHan aMIIJIHTy;ia myMa
Ha BMxope rpynuM. Torga, corJlacno (5) - (7), 6ygeM HMeTb
S F(v)Hnep(v)exp(ivx)dv
2~ -OO max
``;BUX
00
_
00 aB ,X L 2 00 W (v) I Hnep (v) 12 dvllh
L J
(10)
3Jlecb HHJZeiC max HpH MOJjyJIe B 'UCJIHTeJIe o3Ha'IaeT, 'ITO BbIIIHcJIeHHe
nHTerpaiia IIPOH3BO3HTCH IIPH TaROM 3HageIHH X, HpH ROTOpOM BeJIHgHHa
MOJ(yjIH MaRCHMaJIbHa.
143 (()OpMyJIbl (10) CJIeAyeT, 'TO J[JIH onpeAeJIeHHH BeawmBhI 'ABb,xIaBdx
B 06meM cJIygae BeO6XOJJHMO 3HaTb CHeKTp F (Y) IIOJie3Horo CHriiaiia. Pac-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CMOTpMM ABa *IaCTHLIX CJ1y*ias, B KOTOpNIX B03MOMHO CyA11Tb O BeJI11*I11He
OTHOmelIIH C11rHaJi/IIIyM 6e3 3Han11H CIIeKTpa F (v).
nycTb Bbi6op rpyrIIbl IIpOH3BOAHTCfi IIpII cHRcHponaHHoi 6a3e 2x0 H,
KpoMe Toro, IIpie i noJie3Horo CHrHajra OCyMeCTBJIHeTCH JIHIIIb 3a C*IeT IIOJIOC!I
Hponyci amity neHTpaJIbHoro IIep110Aa XapaKTepHCTHKII Hnep (v), *ITO, KaR
upaBHJIO, IIMeeT MecTO. Torga, corjIacuo Hpe w yiueMy pa3AeJIy, BapianHx
IIpOMe1R TKOB OX IIpHBOAHT JI11IIIb K H3MeHeHHIO BepTHKaJIbHOTO MaCIIITa6a
IIpo113BeAen113i Y (v) ? Hnep (v) B *IHCJIIITeJIe (10) HponopruHonaJlbxo 1/ax. OTcIoAa
cJle)yeT, LITO 4IopMa uojie3Horo CHrnaiia Ha BbixoAe ocTaezcfl He13MeHHoii,
B03paCTan no aMIIJIHTyAe no Mepe yMeHbIIIeHHH Ox IIp0IIOpg11oHaJIbHO 1/ix.
eYLIHTIaBaH 3aBHCHMOCTb aMnJIHTyAbI aBMX OT Ax, paCCMOTpeHHyIO B IlpeAblAy-
u eM uaparpa(e, Jierxo UOCTpOIITb KpHBMe, HJIJIIOCTpnpyiou;He IloneAeHHe
OTHOIIIeHHH AB},x/aBUX IIpH II3MeHeHHH Ax (4 mr. 4, II).
Rai BHAHO 113 d nr. 4, no Mepe yMeHbIIIeHHH OX OTHOIIIeHHe ABI X/aBbx
CTpeMHTCH K IIpeAeJIbHOMy 3Ha'eHHIO. KOTOp0e IIpaRT11*IecxH AOCTHraeTCH
TorAa, KorAa IIepBLIA IIo6otIHbII3 HepuOA xapaiTepHCTHHH I HQep (v) I2 BMXOAHT
3a IIpeAeJlbl A11aUa30Ha, B KOTOpOM cocpegoTO*IeH CIIBKTP W (v) IIIyMa.
gaJlbHerIIIee yMe11bmeH11e Ox, H, CJIeAOBaTe1ibHo, yneJIH*IeH11e *iHCJIa HpHeM-
HHKOB Ma.no BJIHHeT Ha BeiiJYnHy OTHOIIIeH11H ABbix/aBbix? BeJi11*i11Ha npeAeab-
Horo OTHOIIIeHHH 3aBHCHT OT TOPO, KaKaJ 'laCTb cneiTpa F (v) IIOJie3HOT0
cmrHa1ia, a TaRme CIIeKTpa W (v) myMa oHau{eTCH B IIojioce IIpouyci aHHH
geHTpaJIbHoro IIepuoAa XapaKTepHCT11K COOTBeTCTBeHHO Hnep (v) 11 I Hnep (v) I2.
BTOpo11 CJiy*Iag, Hor) a mom Ho IIp0113BOCT11 OI[eHKy OTHomeHIIH ABbtx/aBbix
6e3 3113111111 CIIBHTpa F (v) KacaeTCH Bbl6opa rpyIInbI IIpH (IHKCHpOBBHHOM
*I11c.ie IIp11eMHHKOB. IIp11 3TOM, OAHaHo, Heo6XOA11M0 IIpeAII0J101f 11Tb, *ITO
IIOJIe3HEIe C11rHaJIbI IIPHHHMaIOTCH c11H()a3H0 pa3JI11LIHMMH IIpHeMHHK3MH
rpynnbI (npHeM OTpalKeHHrIX BOJIH, np1eM npfM1!X BOJIH rpy1111011 nepneHA11-
HyJiHpnoI3 1111111111 Hp0()Haii 11 Ap.). IIp11 CAeJiaHHblx IIpeJIIOJIO?1 HHHx aMHJII1TyAa
ABUUX pe3yJIbTnpyloujero IIOJIe3HOro cHrnaiia patina
ABbIX = A 7, h' (k&x),
k
rAe A - aMIIJIHTyAa curHana IIpHHHTOPO OAHHO*IHbIM IIpmmimHOM. OTCIoAa
CJ1eAyeT, *ITO
A S' h' (kLx)
bwA rc (11)
aBblx [Zrc J W (v) Hnep (v) I2 dvl~A
00 .11
OnpeAe1111M 3Ha*IeHIIH ABblx/aBblx IIpH Ox ---> 0 11 Ox -* oo. B c11y*lae Ox --* 0
neproAwHecuan xapaKTepHCTHRa I Hnep (v) I2 pacmHpHeTCH Ao 6ecROHegHIOCTII,
np11HIMaH AJ1H BCeX v nOCTOHHHOe 3HageHHe, paBHoe I Hnep (0) I2.
IIp11 3TOM
V h' (kix)
ABbtx A k _ A
aBblX a l I Hnep (0) 12 l'/2 a
TaiHM O6pa3oM, lip11 MaJIbIX 3Ha*IeHHflX Ax pe3y11bT11PYI0Wee
CIITHaJi/IIIyM 6JIH3KO H HCXOAHOMy.
B cJiy*iae ecJiu Ox --+ oo, 6y)eM HMeTm:
ABbiX A
aBbiX a
Y, h'(kix)
k
[ E h'2 (ktx) ]
k
(12)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TaKHM o6pa3oM, npn BecbMa 6ommbmHx 3HageHHSlx Ax BeiiH gHHa oTHoIIIe-
Yh'(kAr)
mm cIrHaJI/myM B03paCTaeT B r h 2 (kQx)l,~= pa3. B tiaCTHOCTH, IIpn oi~n-
Ilk J
.HaKOBOH tIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTII npHeMHHKOB B rpynne, IIOJIylIHM
ABbx 1. A npn Ax --~ oo, (13)
aB.ux a
rAe N - IIOJIHOe *IncJlo HpneMHHKOB.
'DopMy.nbx (12) H (13) coriiacyioTCH c BblpaxceHHSMH A:isi ABb,x/aBb,x, noAy-
+aeHHblMn B pa6oTe [5] Alin cxygaa HexoppeJrnponanHbix myMOB.
PaCCMOTpHM nOBeAeHHe OTHOmeHHHI ABb,x/aBb,x npn n3MeaeHIIII Ax B npe-
,AeJiax OT 0 Ao oc. BLmucJIeRne 3HaieHHn ABb,x/aB1,x npoBeAeM no ()lopMVJIe
?(11) Aim Kp1BHx W (v) n I Hnep (v) I2, IIp1BeAeBHMx Ha 4mr. 1. Hony-ieHabie
.3aBICHMOCTn H3o6paxtexbl Ha i nr. 2, 11.
Kau BIAHO H3 (Hr. 2, Kpnsble AB,,,x/aBN,x cyigeCTBeHHO 3asncnT OT BHAa
.cneKTpa MOIIjHOCTH myMa. B CJiygae myMOB, KOppeJIHPOBaHHbix co cpaBHH-
TeJIbfO HOJIOFHM 3aBaJJOM BbICOHHX 'laCTOT ((Hr. 2, KPHBMe 2, 3), BeiiHiiHHa
ABI,,x/aBb,x MOHOTOHHO Bo3pacTaeT no Mepe yBeJI1LIeHHH Ax, CTpeMHCb H ripe-
.z e.mHOMy 3HateHIIio (12). B CJIyLIae 6eJioro myMa BeiiH'HHa ABb,x/aB.,x ocIjIIJI-
JIiipyeT B6JIH3n npejje.lbHoro 3HaqeHri ((nr. 2, Kpnsaa 1). HaxoaeI, ec mi
CneKTp MOUjHOCTII myMa IIMeeT 3aBaii Kar BIICOKIIX, TaH II Hn3KIIX 'JaCTOT,
JC1)ILBaJl 3aBHCnMOCTn AB,,x/aBblx IIPOXOAIIT *Iepe3 MaKCIIMyM, BeJIIIqnfia HOTO-
pOI'o MOHCeT 3aMeTHO npeBblmaTb npeJjeJibnoe 3xaYeHHe ABb,x/aBh,x IIPH
Ax -+ oo (Ifnr. 1.2, KPIIBaA 4). TaxnM o6pa3oM, ecJin =)HCJIO npHeMHIIKO8
B rpynne I)IIKCIIPOBaHO Ii CneRTp myMa nMeeT 3aBaJI xait HIi3KnX, T3K H
BbICOHHX xiaCTOT, TO CyIgeCTBy eT OHTHMaJIbHag 6a3a 2x0, IIpn KOTOPOii OTHO-
IHexne ABb,x/aBblx AocTHraeT MaHCHMyMa.
C maCTOTHOH TOiIHH 3peHHH OIITHMaJIbJa5I 6a3a COOTBeTCTByeT T3KOMy
paCTHIHCeHIIIO xapa1TepJCTHK1 I Hnep (v) I2, IIpn HOTOPOM CIIeHTP myMa W (v)
olta3EIBaeTCHI B OCHOBHOM COCpeAOTO'eHHbIM B np0MOHtyTHe ((HyJIeBiIX)>
3HaeeHJH Xap3HTepHCTIIKH MexCAy IjeHTpaIIbHSIM H IIepBLIM II060gxbIM nepHO-
gaMH.
B 3aKJIIoqeHne OTMeTHM, MTO, HaK BHJIHO H3 KPIIBbIX c)nr. 2, IIpeAeiIbaoe
3naxieHne AB,,x/aBb,x (12) J{OCTnraeTCH npaxT1iMOCxn IIpn T3KHX Ax, IIpH
VOTOpbIX BHVTPb AHana30Ha, B KOTOF)M B OCHOBHOM COCPeAOTOLIeH CIIeKTp myMa
W (v), nonaAaeT HeCHOJIbKO IIepBbIX IlepHOAOB xapaKTepHCTHK1 I Hp (v) 12.
Hpi 3TOM J;aJIhnefimee pac sn eime HPOMCH YTHOB Ax yme He3HaiIHTOJIbHO
BJIHHIeT Ha BeaRnnHy OTHOIIIOHHHI CHrxaJi/myM.
BbIBoJ(bI
KowIe6aHnHi, 3aperHCTpHpOBaHHbie Ha ceiicMorpaMMe, p3CCMaTPHB3IOTCHi
KaK (yHKJHH IIepeMeHHOA X B MOMOHT BpeMeHH t = to, B6JIH3H KOTOPOrO
?oB H) aeTC1 IIOHJBJIeHHe OCH CHHd a3HOCTH IIOJIe3HOA BOJIHNI.
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1. F o a g M a H C. TeopHH HHC opMaI;HH. 14JI, M., 1957.
2. B e H T i; e JI b E. C. TeopHH BepOSITHOCTH. FOe. H3A. ikH3-MaT. JIHT., M., 1958.
3. F 0 JI E. i M a H (D. M. K TeopHH JIHHegHaIx IIpe06pa3oBaHHit CHPHaJIOB. BeCTH. JIFY,
N 22, 1959.
4. I' O JI b n m a H (1). M. Bonpocbl gaCTOTHOR TeopHH rpynnllpoBaHHH. C6. KBonpocn
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celcMopa3Begiie. TIpHHJI. reoc)H3., Bbin. 22, 1959.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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JIYITEPATYPA
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1846.
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im osterreichischen Kaiserstaate, dritter Jahrgang 1847, Prag, 1850.
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III. Rocenka SUG, Praha, 1939.
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Travaux de I'Inst. geophys. de 1'Acad. Sc. No 30, Geofys. sb. 1955, Praha, 1956.
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Praha, 1950.
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(Magneticka mapovanie I. radu). Trav. 1'Inst. geophys. de I'Acad. Sci., No 92, Geo-
fys. sb. 1958, Praha, 1959.
16. B u c h a V. Vysledky niagneticky`ch mei~eni na stanovBtich 11. radu vi 6esk6?11
zemich k epo"se 1955, o. Trav. 1'Inst. geophys. de I'Acad. Sci., No 50, Geofys. sh.
1956, Praha, 1957.
17. B it c h a V., K o It i A. Rozlozeni geomagnetickeho pole ve slozkach 11 a Z v ces-
kMh zemich a jeho sekularni zmeny ve slozce Z behem obdobi 1950-1958. Trav.
l'Inst. geophys. de 1'Acad. Sci., Geofys. sb. 1959.
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-:en im Jahre 1955, NCSAV, Praha, 1958.
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2:3. B o u s k a J. Report on Magnetic Work. 1. A. G. A. Rome Meeting 1954, Bull.
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na observatori Pruhonice u Prahy za rok 1955, NC'SAV, Praha, 1957.
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29. B o y to u a H., Al p a 3 e R II., III y 6 p T H. PeayJ[hTarhi reoMarntlTnbtx, Te.1-
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servaturiu v I-lurhanove v rokocli 1953-1954. Bratislava, 1950.
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McTpbl. B pe3yJlbTaTe eAIIHIIzIHOrO H3MepeHHH 11o.'IH paJIIOaKTI1131ILIx 113Ty
*reHIiii TaJIJMI1 yCTpOIICTBaMII rroJIyuaiOT JI116o (yHI;I),IIIO (AII(J4epeuAna.lbllbie
cneHTpoMeTpbl), TII6o HecxoJibxo 'IIICe t (noporoBbie CneHTpoMeTpbT). Bo
BTOPOM ciy'Iae BcerAaTpe6yeTCH Bb16paTbIIOJI HCeHIIe ypOBHeIi AHCEPIIIIIIHaIkIIII
(noporoB) Taii, gITO6bi IIpII ripogiix paBHbIX yCJIOBHHX HcroMbie napaMeTpbl
oripeAeTHJIIICb ua116oaee TOtIIIO. 3T0 Tpe6OBanne nHorAa 3HBHBaJIeHTHO c.'Ie-
Aymn eMy: Heo6xoAHMo HaIiTII TaHIIe ypoBHH AHCKpIIMHHauuI1II, IIPII HOTOpbAx
oiiiii6HII B onpejeJIeHiI1r TChOMbIX HoHII;eHTpaIJHYI paAHOaHTIIBHbiX 3JIeMeilTOH
HTII IIx rpynn MHIIIIMaJIbHbI.
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IAeIIa HaCTonn as CTaTblr.
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McCTO IIpII Bb16ope orITHMa.'IbnbIX YPOBHeIT AHCHPIIMHHaI1IIII B HOpOFOBOii
CIIeRTpOMeTPHH MIHOPOh0MIIOHeHTIIOI3 CMeCH. BO BTOpOIi HaCTII yha3aHHan
3a,qaga peIIIaeTCH AJIH ciy'Ian raMMa-cneHTpOMeTpl11 cMeCH ypaHa II TOpIIiI,
pariiromrepno pacrnpegeJleHIIbIx B TO.IICTOM IIJIacTe, JJiH HpIiCTaHnoB NaJ(TI)
Hecho.:IhKnx pa3~1IepOB. IIpII 3TOM yCTanaB THBaIOTCH TaRHe rio ioa enIIH no-
poroii (EI, E2)0pl, Hor a IIpII OJHOBPCMCHHbIX II3MepeIIIIHX Ha o6oiix ypOBHHX
Holt eHTpaJ HII ypaHa H TOpIIH OIIpegeJIHIOTCH C 11IIIHH11IaJIbIIOII norpeimHOCTblO.
B' CTeCTI3CII11o, 'ITO cxenia pacueTOB, npOBeAeHiian Ha npnMepe raMMa-II3Ty-
'IeIIIIA, MOAHeT 61ITb pacnpOCTpalleHa II Ha ApyrIie BIIALI II3JIytIeHIIII.
)aMeTIIM, 'ITO npHMbie onpeAeieHIIH (Ei,..., Ek)ort 143 OIIbITHbIX AaIIHbIX
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OCIIOBIIble COOTIIOIHCHIIH ANSI OnTIIMamiIbIX y1OBHeII
AIICHI)IIMIIIIaJ 1iii
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yponnll ;[ IIcFpI1MIIHaIrHrI, npiigeM iicerAa EI < E2... < E1. OHeBIIJIIO, 'ITO
113 e,'(nIIIi'IIJoro II3MepeHI1H TaROI'O 1IOPOrOBOr0 cnexTpoMeTpa M05HII0 oHpe-
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3TeMeHT0I3 qI, q21..., qi, IIprl 3a1aHHbIX yCTOBHHx 3HCnepIlMeHTa. CpeJBHe
anan Tirui ChopOCTi1 c'IeTa HMHyJIbCOB AJIH haSHAoro ypoBHH AIICH I1MIIII3IIIIII
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
I';le h1,l,i - cpeT 11IIe CKOI)OCT1I C9CTa NMCLIlaIOIII,BX 11 3J1:y JCHllii>. B coOTIIoIIieiiIlit
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IIIi.!HIOTC31 C:Iy' lWilllbllAllL HejllL'rlltlaMlr, I;ax;;HOC 11:3 IwTOpbIX I1O,1ti1[HC11o pac-
IIpo;1e:Ie1n11o 1lyaccoira, It Tpel)ycTCft yCTanol3BTb CTaTIICTII'tecHylo norpcB[-
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11(11 :3a110 It. Al. Ha3apoBb11%1 *, CTaTIICTIL'leCKlr He3aultc1IJIRIMII 13eJIII'l111Ian11l,
pacIi )e;Se.ielnIt,I1IIL 310 3aiOlly llyaccolia, MO5b1LO C lIITaTF JItlillb '111CJIa II11-
IIy.I1C013, COC'IIITaIII161X Ha IICIIepeKpb113alonkIIXCJI 311Cp1'CTII'JCCKKIIX 11I1Teplia-
Iax. raiwiimmi, y [,o(Ir0 I33fITb 11IITepJ3aJlb1 L1- L2, L_-
Ii ['OOT13CTCTI1111t C JTILPL C11CTeMa :II1nemI1riX ypaiuiiei11Ilt (1) Itp11AICT Blr;t:
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h
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II 1311' 711; I -- L) JI /ii; - ajlb1o11KTa /)ij I.
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1131IIC9'll'IeCl;ll IIe;Ia1311CUM1bl'NI11 (iiallpltMep, 11co"l,11O13pCMCiJlible II 3Mepelll a).
111111 :)'I'OAI
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!fit
J i=-1
1 ,11' Il - IIIICMiI Ilal).a1O;le1ltlfl.
III)Ir 1, l_ t BCel'3a 1IMCCT MCCTO
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h (r/.) > (q j) -
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I) (q.) _ ~i
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OIII)e;[C:Ie1Iili0 KaKOi -J11L(60 0 iII0ii i;OMIIO1IClf'rbI I3 ('Hel'l[ paj[IOaNTII131]b[X BOLiCCT13I
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Oil pe;LC15ICT(' f1 113 yC 101311H:
(7)
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Ili= , 111jq1 ' (i';, (1)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
r;lC ('~. q.) -ItaiIM(91bITICC 3Ha-eli!IC lq Ha 3aMKHy'roM HHTCpBa:IC J1Iep-
I'CTII'ICI hoiE IIIIia.7bl l'IIeKTpOMeTpa OT () ;j0
L:1t pa1311OTO9111AX II3Atepellnli B('ex HOMHO1lelIT jlo:laiiiii
y;IOB:IeTBOpfI'rb CIIC1'eAl" \ pa1311e1r11H
(I:. 1= qJ I~f (~ 1,?,...,k-1). (8)
[oIIO:HIIITe:IbIIoe ypauiieiiiie Ilo:lygiaeTCn 113 (7) 1Ipll \moBlll1 (8) ;I:IH
.11o6Or0 Itj.
11) O(11I1CAt CJIy'Iae ycJIOB1IH L1] 1 Ilaxoni;lei irt1 OHTHMa;1bHbIX ypOBIICH 1lll-
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Pat'CMO'rpellllble lIOl'peBHIO('TH OHpe;teJIei1IIH (Jj o6pa3yloT cllcf(H(b1I9ecl;yl0
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iii ii, iipit'1CM BO Mlloriix (':ry'Ianx ;LOTH 1I0(':IC;Uler0 111a'11ITC:Iblla. YpOI3Clib
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(" raTill T1I9ecliylo 11p11pO;1y', TO
1)(1) (11(1)) = li(p.ly
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t1 t' I, ,? Ilo.iaiaii ;Ia:iee, 'ITO tiq,i OIIpe;IeTeI1bl 111)11 ypollillIX ;11I-
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+ y1'j q~ 1} = mill. (12)
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(L1, . . , Fk)optl
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BOM, llpll 11ax0?iijjeHlr1r (1;1i .. . , Ek)opt HC06xo;j1IMo y9IITbIBaTb II B03MOWIILIC
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IUiHx a{;, a TaIUlie xiliol'o'iiIcJIenjibIc norpCHI11OCTH anHapaTypHOro xapaxTepa.
IIOC:Ie;utile 1iiioi' 1a lle:Ie(oo6pa3llo IIHTCpIlpCT1I1)OBaTb iialC HCIiOTOI)YIO 3b1111-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ba.IeHTByIO BeCTa6HJIbIIOCTb ypOBHeIl J~HCHpIIMHIIaIpHIi AEi. TorAa 000TBeT-
CTByloIikan omii6Ka B g; 6yAeT:
daii
Aqj d " DE7 = ~ja (9)?
CoBMeCTHOe paCCMOTPCHIIO BeJIIhIIIH D (q), Da, (q), a TaRSKO OIIII16oli
CHCTeSIaTmiecioro xapaiTepa H AoIIO71HIIT011blIbIx yCJIOBIIiI THHa (7), (8) HJIH
IlpyrIlx, OHpeAeJIneMbIx KOI H THO1i 3aiageii reo4l13II9eci iix iiccaejonaHIIIf,
II03BOJIleT AaTb OI[eHKy (EI, ... , Ek) opt? ;
raw 1a-cne1TpoMeTpIIJI ypalla 11 TopIITI B ropHblx HopoAax
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coAepxca$Hn ypaxa H TopII$ B ropHblx IIopoAax paccMOTpeHa B pa6oTe [11.
OAHaxo HpHBe;Aeuiioe B 3TOi3 pa6oTe peIHeHHe npIiro no JIIIIHb AJIH yCJIOBHIi,
IiorAa 3(j eITbI, pePHCTPIIpy0Mbie Ha Ka5KA011I 113 ypOBHe1I AHcRpIIMIIIIaIIIIIu,
HBJIHIOTCFI CTaTIICTIp eCKH He3aBIICIIMbIMII. Tai n i o6pa3OM, 3AeCb IIMOOTCH
B BIIAy, TO npI1 IIpaHT11 J CHHX II311IepeH1Inx oripeAeJIeHHe IIHCJia coCHIITaHHb1X
IIMHYJIbCOB Ha Ka}KAoM 113 ypOBHeA AIICH IIMHHaIJIIH IIpO113BOAIITCH Ha He-
IIepeKpblBaloIIwxCn IIHTepBaaaX BpeMeim. a3TO HpeArio iaraeT IICHOJIb3OBaHIIe
HOJOFOBbiX CIIeKTp0MOTpOB C OAHIIIII HOABHSKHbIM ypOBHeM AHCKpIIMIIHawIII.
YnOTpe6JIeHIIe CIIOKTpoMeTpOB C 0AHOBpeMeHHbIM II3MepeHIleM CKOpOCTII CileTa
IIMIIIy.TIbCOB Ha HOCKOJIbKIIX ypOBHIIX BO MHOrIIX c.TiyuaaX TCXHImecKil 6ouee
BbIroAHO; IIpII 113MepeHIISIX C HOHpepbIBHO HepeMemaiollIIMC} AeTeKTOpOMI
(caIoJeTIIan, aBTOMo6IIJlbxa5i raMMacheMKH II raMMaHapoTaa1) Tpe60BaHHe
OAHOBpe11MOHHOCTIi II3MepeHHIT i1BJIneTCH Tipe3BbhIaiHO Ba?KHbIM. PeIHeHHe,
Ii3JlaraeMoe HIIxce, AaeTC31 HMeHHO AJIH TaHIIX OAHOBpeMOHHbIX II3MepeHnlT.
B Ka=IecTBe KOIIKpeTHOro HpHMepa pacC111OTpHM 'y-HOJie HaA 0AHOpO;[HbIM
TOJICTLIM HJIaCTOM ropxbIx HOpO (y-IIOJie B HpH3eMIio i aTMoccJepe). II3Mepe-
HIIn HpOII3BOAHTCn crIeKTpoMeTpOM, HMeIOH1HM ABa nopora - Ei ii E2. Tpe-
6yeTCn yCTa1IOBHTb AJIH 1130TpOiiHOro AeTeKTOpa- KpuCTaiuuia NaJ(T1) 3ria-
tieHlln (EI, E2)opt, eCJIII HCKOMbIMII BeJIHnHHaMH 5IBJIHIOTCfl HOHgeIITpaAII1I
ypaiia H TOpHH B ropHblx IIOpOAaX, a Memaioniie 113JIy'IeHHH o6n3axbl paAIIO-
aKTIIBHOMy KaJIHio, KOCMH'IeCKOMy n3JlytieHHK) H paAHOaKTHBHbIM 3arpI3He-
IIIIAM anriapaTypbr. IIpil 3TOM 6yAeM rloJlaraTb, 'ITO cpeAHee 3HaneHIIe ypOBHH
VIenmaioii m x II3JIytieHIIiT 1I3BeCTHO C BbICOKOII CTeHeHbIO TOiIHOCTII.
B yxa3aHBbix yCJIOBII51X HpH OAHOBpeMeHHbIX I13mepeHIInx AIICnepCIIII
qU II qTH cor iaCHO (1) 11 (4), HMeIOT BHA:
D (qH) [(n1 - 172) a22 + n2 (a12 -a,,.,) 21,
(I!I)
D (gT11) = p~ [(n1 -n2) azI + 1'12 (1i2I - a11)2],
rAe A = aria22 - a21al2.
R0 44II1j11eIITbi aij 3aBIICHT OT cneKTpaJIbIloro COCTaBa y-KBaIITOB, o6pa-
3ylOII[IIx IICCJIe,yeMOe HOJie, OT McTpIITIeCKHX CBOIICTB CIIeITpoMeTpa (pa3MepbI
KpIICTaJIJIa, pa3pelllaloiga1 cHoco6110CTb CrieiTpoMeTpa H pp.), a Tai i e OT
IIOJT0 HeHIIn i-ro ypOBH31 AIICKp1IMHHaAmi.
JIlJin paccMaTpilBaeMoro HpIi iepa CHeRTpaJIbxbI i COCTaB V-KBaJITOB B3BT
113 pa60TbI [3]. CBOAeHIIH 0 McTpII'IeCKIIX CBOi1CTBax CHe1TpoMeTpa 3alIM-
CTBOBaHbI 113 pa60TbI [21, rAe MOTOAOM MOHTe-Raplio paCCiII1TaHbI Tali Ha-
3bIBaeMble AH(14epeHLLHaJIbHble HpII60pHble CHe1TPM H(E, Eo) Aim KoJJI1r
MIIpOBaHHOii paAIIa1 iiiI, IIaAaionjeIl BAOJIb OCH KpIICTaJIJIa.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
f CIiopOCTb C`ieTa IIl1IHyJIbCOB HpII 3HepreTlI'IeCIiOII IIHTeHCIIBHOCTII 1(Eo)
= 1l11J6 CIb" CCh II YPOBHe AHCKPHMHHaI);HII Ei 6yAeT
To
r (Ei, Eo) _ II (E, E0) dE. (1
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Him IHIIpoKOM napaJLneJIbHOM HyrKe, Han 3T0 IIMeeT McCTO B iialxeii 3aAage,
13 3Ha'IeIlIIH i (Ei, Eo) (15) 6bIJIIi BHOCeHbl HOHpaBHII 3a II3MeHOHIIe 4)OTOBKJIa-
Aa. IIpil 3TOMI Ilpe/noJlaraJlocb, corJiacxo [2], TO o6Hjaa 3c c eKTIIBHOCTb
rpliCTa,lJIa in HII[ponoro HapaJIJleJlbxor0 nytiKa y-KBaHTOB H nyqKa, HO:I-
JIIiMIIpOBaHHOro HO oCH, II3MeHHeTCH
c ia6o, a ( opMa jii c epeHAiiaJlbHbTX
HpI6OPHbIX CneKTpOB HBJIneTCH 110-
Ao611Oif.
CKopoCTb C=IeTa IIMHyJIbC0B ni Hpx
BbI6paHHoi nopore AHCKpHMHHai iiii
Ei ;j.in MOIIOXpoMaTlhlecKoro II3JIyHe-
HHH Eo onpeAeJIHeTCH BblpaxseHneM
ii; (f ,'j, Eo) -- Io (Eo) r (Ei, Eo)
r: a
T, (Ei, E) I1; (E, Eo) dE, (16)
P: p
i'Ae 11;(E, Eo) - (f yHKulIH 3nepreTll'e-
cKoro pacnpeAe cHHH y-KBaHTOB pac-
cen111101'o II3JIyiIOHIIH; 1o(Eo) - 311ep-
reTIIWCKaH IIHTeHCIHBHOCTb xepBIILIHbIX
y-KBaHTOB.
u.-It CJio?HHOro CneKTpa y-H3JIyHe-
HIIH 061Ijal CHOpOCTb crleTa IIMHyJIbCOB
ni IIo.TylIaeTCH CyMMMilpOBaHIIeM no (16).
(D,ir. 1. Clcopocrb cgieTa lloporosoro CrIeKT-
poMeTpa C 9pI1CTanJro.m NaJ (TI) (ABaMeTp
12,5 CM, BbICOTa 10 c.ii)
IIcro'nnu; - T);ICThIO cioi4 nopon c colep,haanen
pannoaecnoro ypana qU = 10-1 a/a. BpeMn naMepe-
nun norm t = 20 cen.
X00
19 E
Ko3c c illjlieHTbl an, an H T. A., BXO nlI He 'B (14), MoryT 6bITb HoA-
C'HITaHbI nO (16), ecJIH HpnHHTbi OHpeAeJleHHbie eAIIHHIjbl in II31%IepeHHH
HOHIjeHTpai rII paAHoaHTHBHbIX 3JIOMeHTOB (HaxpllMep, kiopa/2, m36/2, 2/2
II T.
(.).
CKOpOCTH CqeTa IIMHyJILCOB HpH pa3JIlIgnbIX ypOBHHX AHCxpIiMHHaIIIIII
JkJinI KpIICTaJIJia NaJ(TI) 6oJlbmoro pa3Mepa (12,5'10 cm, pa3pelllaioman
CHOCO6IIOCTb 9% Ha 1,0 .4U36) Ha pa3HbIx BbICOTax h HaA TOJICTbI M ciIoeM rop-
Hbix Hopo c co''jepSKaHIIeM 10-6 2 ypana Ha rpabibi HopoAbi 113o6pa;KeHbI Ha
(DIir. 1. 3Til rpac HHH B pallee npIIHHTLIX 0603HatieHH3FIX HBJIHIOTCH t )yHHI1;HIIMII
all It a12 npii pa3JIIiiIHbIX TOJIIIjlIHax HorJIoIrjaiolljero CJion aTMOC()epbI. BHA
(JIyHHIuIIII all, an, Kale 3T0 CJIeJyeT 113 ()Hr. 1, Cxa6o H3MeHHeTCH C TOJIHjII-
HOII h B HHTepBaJIe 0 -200 .ht. AHa Jo1'HgHbifi XapanTep 113MeHeHIIH IIMeeT
MecTO :jJIII (I)yruln riH a21 it a22. Ran cjleACTBHe, (El, E2)0pt B yna3aHHOM
JjnauIa30He IIbICOT Ha/ 3eMHOYI HOBepXHOCTbIO H3MeHHeTCH He3Ha1IIITeJILHO.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
11y('Tb 1;1)1Il ('IITj)8II,lI)I v palm 11 Tol)11A I', I0j)1Il,Iv IIOI,O.WN Ov;j(T (/I- = a,.-) ?
? I11 " , ' n 1S? 1l) G (1u11?:n,IC 1101)O;IbI I/II)? 11 aii;~ey1 cTa,rllcTnvechue
IIOI'l)C11111OCTII Il oIIpC;IC l('llIll! (/I II. Cc .111 I;:3VICpC1I1'il iiliw :1110,1511l'A 110-
j101)13b1yl CIICOT))OSICTllOyI C 0;1110Ul)'yi C1 IllhI1I Ilallel)CilIieyl (HOI)OCTll I'I(Ta
IINIIIv':Il,col3 llo ;ji3V'Vi \ 1)011117n1 ,Ilicl;l'IImlilialllllt. IIl)(,ll 0.IOUdIT1 1llla'l11.I 'ITl)
V'pol3l'Ifh 1I('iIla1olllliN 11:1.1)'ICII IIi III)e11('ij)e;h1I'\lo 11a:1. 1111C:IellIlhle 1)ar'1cT111
CTUTIICTII'leC;liV llo1li('1I1110('TCii IIl)olle;lei1hl Col.:Iaciio cowl-110111L'111110 (/I); IIC-
0;IIIhIe j (111116h, 0 (()op11e 110:10 11 ('lleoi' )sl i1,110il (()y1IUI/ill3 ,w'IeI io /l( CHii:la111,1
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(Ulli . ?. ll.ul~unlnn lllyul IllIlt ~,.I; F.'), (L1, Y.,) :).1/I noPOl
nr.iclrri
isma cu(~r.'rPi>i(~rpn r 1;pn("In., i wi na.l (Th (;uruu'1P It,
I(1 r.u)
lirru,uini rirridiY c.wil 1 n,po ( ru;u'lr,r,unir11 p)I Il I' ((I ylr,n~.i
11 w1,1111 (7.I' -I~.;.). 131,r>iri (I. ~n?1u?nu:) (I ))) (- _ui?ri:.
( 1 '
I ylll;lll.ll (,~( ~l' (/,'I, F"),
1l) 111 ~'I'I( 1' - III'
i'011111{ O'11IIO(1llI/.IOIIV10 l1o.]ll1Ii111}' ('TIITll('TII'(CC1~oiI IlorI)0llI110('T11 13 OIII)(',I('.le_
IIIIII (/1, 11 (/.Lli HIM :)KCTO:3111Iilll 11 - 20 ceo. j.-l 1i opi c ra.T:la 6o:ihlilol'o pal l-
ylepa (I_l,.") lU (..30, 111)cJcTall:le131>I JI 131r(e 11:3o:nlllllii Ia (~lln . 2. r(:ISI n(~:ly
'10111111 0T'II1)(1 ill'(1:II,l1011 01111101;li 11 Ilp(Relll'aX c:i(';lye'r ;Ia1111h1C, IlI)IlII(';I('11llble
llil (1)111'. 2, AIIIa?K11Th Ila (1)11)-~ (I,jC 1 - Rl)e11S1 IC3DICI)0111IH 110:111).
113 alia:II13a 11;10:1.11ili111 (i C:ie;I\(11', 4Tl) (I)yll0ljlt5I riTl. ;IU(''IiilI/("1 1f IIII('I11,-
111('1O 3lla'1011Ii1I HIM 1''1 O; L'.) 1 )).05 -- 0-25 iuc ((i6.1a('Tb I); 6:111:10110
:11114011110 OCl- 1111e111'I' MOCK) 13 00:1(1( 'I'll 11 Vpo1111Cii IIICI;TnB11b1X oaemeuTOB: = 3,5.10-s 2/2, qTh = 18.10-6 2!2,
E,=O; 1,6!mae; 2,1 qU = 3,5.10-1 212, qTh = 18.10-'2/2, QK= 3,34.10-2 2/z
;LIFT E, = 0 11 1,6 .Wise; 5 -qU= 5.10-1 2/', qTh= 1o-? 2/'.
BpeMR RaMepeulo Ronn t = 20 ceI .
PaCCi\1oTpHM CJIyT1al3, KorJ;a ypOBexb HOMeX CO113MepHM C IIOJIe3iIbiM 113-
JIy1ICHHeM. nyCTb KOHU0HTpagHH paAHOaKTHBHbIX 113JIyileHHII eCTeCTBeHHOII
CMeCH 1130TOlIOB COCTaBJIHIOT qu = 3,5 ? 10-6 2/2, qTh= 18.10 6 2/2 H qK= 3,34
? 10-2 2/2 (KHCJIbic HOpoAbi [4]). CxeMa H3MepeHHI3 Hpe1KHHH. 11OJI05K11M Tau e,
TITO AOHOJIHHTeJIbHbie HOMeXH (pagHOaiTHBHbie 3arpg3HeHHIi aHHapaTypbI II
KOCMHTIeCKIIII IIOH) COCTaBJIflIOT, HOMHMO y-H3JIy'ieHHH pagimaKTHBHOPO Kariiiu,
HpuIDiepHO 20% OT o6ii eI1 CKOpOCTH CTIeTa, o6H3aHHOIi COBMeCTIIOMy 94I eKTy
OT ypaxa, TOPHH H Kariun. rpa(HKH 3Ha'ieHHII SEU, BM'gllcJIOHHbIO HpH 3a-
J[aHHbIX yCJIOBHf X AJIH Kp1ICTaiiiia 6oJIbIHoro pa3Mepa HpH El = 0 it 1,6 Mae,
HpeJ(CTaBJlexbi Ha IrHr. 4 (KpHBbie 2, 4). RpHBble 1, 3 11peJ(CTaBJIfI1OT Te + e
3Ha=i0HHJI I3yHHA1111 66U, 110 HpH OTCyTCTBHH HOMex.
!CpaBHeHHe HpHBeJ[OHHbIX KpHBbIXnoKa3biBaeT,TITOBIIHTepi1aJle E2=1,8-
2,1 M311 cyMMapHOe JJ;eiCTBHe HOMex yBeTIHTIHBaeT om16uy b u B 2,5 pa3a
IIpII El = 0 .hL3e; 3TO yBOJIHTIeHHe COCTaBJIHeT 1,4 pa3a Hpii E1 = 1,6 .iiao.
IIpIITIeM BO BTOPOM CJiyuae HpH HaJIHTIHH noMex 6eu upiniepllO Ha 20(),)
IHiBfe, TIeii RJiu El = 0 .itae.
Tai mm o6pa30M, Mill Bb16Op HHSKHOI'O 3Ha'IeHH}I El > 0,2 ,AGae o1IpeJJ,e-
JI11eTCH Heo6XOp;HMOCTbIO HCKJIIOTiHTb BJIHHHHO McHAeJIeeBcuoro COCTaBa rop-
libix HOpo Ha pe3YJ1bTaTbI 113MepeHHII, TO Bb160p BepxHero HpeJ[eJla El '-"
1,6 MdG OHpegeJJIeTCH Heo6XOAHMOCTbIO 11CKJIIOWHHH Menimon>;ero H3JIyTIe-
1IIIH 3a CTIeT paAHOaHTHBHOI'O Kamm (Eo = 1,5 Mae).
I
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B 3aKJIIOLIeHHe OTMeTIIM, T-ITO II3MeHeHHe ROHAeaTpaqHi3 ypaHa II TOPHA
B rOPHbIX IIopoj aX B J;OBOJIbHO HIHpOKOM AHanaaone 3Ha1IeHIIYI IIpaiTHLIeCKH
He II3MeHJCT B&IBOAOB, C CJIaHHLIX OTHOCIITeJIbHO Bbl6opa 3Hailenui3 (Ei,
E2) ((~Hr. 4, 5) (Kap6OHaTHMIe HOpOAbI [5]).
Axaj[ehHIH HayK CCCP HOCTyHHna
HHCTIITyT npnxaaJHoi reoc u3HKH 27.VII 1959
1. B o c I: o 6 0 A H H K 0 B I. M., K a p T a m o B H. H. K BoHpocy o cueKTpO-
McTpHgecKHx HCC!Ie)oBauHHx '1'-H3JIygeHIIH eCTeCTBeHHNIX II3JIy'IaTeJIerI. ATOMHaB 3Hep-
rHH, 6, Bbin. 1, 1959.
2. B e r g e r M. J., D o g g e t t J. Response function of thallium-activated sodium-
iodide scintillation counter. J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards, 56, N 6, 1956.
3. K o r a u P. M., (D p a g M a H III. R. PacnpegeneHHe T-KBaHTOB no 3Hepriii B
Hpl3CMHOM c.ioe aTMOC4epbl. H3B. AH CCCP, cep. reoc H3., Ni .4, 1960.
4. B H H 0 r p a g 0 B A. H. 3aKOHOMepHOCTII pacupege ieHHH xnMnileCKHX 3JIeaeHTOB
B 3eMHOIA Kope. PeoxnMan, N 1, 1956.
5. B a p a H 0 B B. H., P 0 H 0 B A. B., KyHaIn0Ba K. P. K reoxHMIIII pac-
ceHHHOPO Topiu a ypaHa B r?IHHax u Kap6oxaTHbIx nopo;kax pyccaoii nJIaT(])opMbl.
heoxHMHH, J'4 3, 1956.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
II3BECTH3I AKA JEMHII HAYK CCCP
HEI{OTOPbIE 3AKOHOMEPHOCTII B HOBEJIEHHH
BEPTIIKAJIbHOI%I COCTABJIHIOIUEII KIIK I'EOMATHHTHOI'O
HO3H YCTOII'IHBOI'O PEW14MA (Pc)
(no ;jaHHbLM Ha6.llo eHnli Ml l )
OmicaHhl HCHOTOpbie 3aI WIJOMepHOCTn B noBeAeuffiI BepTHxaJIbHOrI CO-
CTaBJIHionleu H0poTH0nepIl0AII'IeCH14x iioae6annlt (HRH) reoMaranTHoro
no'B, Ha6JIIOAaBmefIcH Ha reOO1i311HeCFIIX CTaHJ HHx IIHCTitTyTa (I143I1HII 3eM-
.eH AH CCCP B Tegeaile nepaoro noJlyroAii MTr. PaccMaTpuBaeTCH 'IaCTOT-
Hbiit cnewTp HOJIH RUN, CyTO'InhI13 xoA HncJIa cJly'IaeB noxsseHHH HHH,
CVTO'IHLIII XOA cpeAiiel3 MaxciiMa.IbIioli aMHJIHTyAbI KIIK II Iix nOBeAeiIiie B
3aBIIC11MOCTn OT reorpa4BI ecxoro pacnpeAeaennu MeeT Ha6JIIoWeHHil. C geJIbIo
BbIHCIieHHH o6MHx aMUJIIiTyAHblx 3ax0HOMepHOCTe1I BBOAHTCH nonnTHe IialOIHII icg B oAHOBpeMeHHOM HPIICYTCTBIII Ha
3anlrcll 6ojIbiuoro TIIICJIa yCToI MIIBLIX BoJIe6annii pa3JIiigHbix nepnoJ);oB, Ha-
6JIIO;[aeTCa Ha noJIHpno3l CTaHAI1H Hr. 3 ?DHr. 4
(DHr. 3. LIacTOTHbIII cuexTp Knu
(DHr. 4. Ce3o1111bIil xoA gHCJra c.aygaeB IIOBBJIeaxx I{IIH pa3,gH'Hbix IIepxoAoB
pa3JIII'IeH IJISI Bcex Tpex CTaHLHil it OCO6eHHO geTKO BbIpa}xeH B Bopie. Ha-
npilMep, blaxclMaJlbxoe rnCJIO gaCOB, B KOTOpbIC OTMexIeHO HOFIBJIeHHe
RHR C IIepIIOAOM 70 CeK., Ha CTaHuHH Ha6JIIOAaJlocb B SIHBape
1958 r., iia cTaHJHH N"
3TO HOATBepxiAalOT He 3asepIHeHHble HoIia ,T(aHHble F. H. BepIIIIIBIIJIII H
H. C. XBeJeJIIIA3e 110 CTaHIIIIH ((4yIIIeTH)) (42? 05' c. HI., 44? 42' B. A.).
CyTOtIxbIii xoA tIHc:Ia c iyuaeB IIOIBJIeHIIH y KoJIe6aHHii c nepiio o 50 cei.
HpaKTHileCKH OTCyTCTByeT. HofB:IeH1Ie 3THX Ko:Ie6aHHIi Ha Bcex cTanAH}Ix,
XOTH H MaJ1O no a6COJIIOTHOMy 3HagieHIII0 3aHHTbIX HMII iiaCOB, IIOiITH paBHO-
BepOHTHO BO BCO ziaCbl CyTOK. HOfBJIeHHe RoJIe6aHHH C HepHoAaMH 60 -90 Ceti.
KOHTpOJIHpyeTCl, HO-BIIAHMOMy, MOCTHbIM BpeMeHeM ;1.1 9 CTaHAHII (
11 ((HeTpolaBJIOBCK)).
Ha CTaHIAHH ((JIOB03epo)) 3TII ROJIe6aHIIa IIMeIOT B McCTHONI BpeMeHII o6-
paTHbIii eyTOtIHblii XOA qHC:Ia cJIyiIaeB IIOlBJIeHIIH no cpaBHOHHIO c Bopiom
n HeTpOHanJIOBCKOM.
2400
/2 24 0
IIr
Dar. 7. CyTOHHbIfi xoj cpeRHeii MaI c1IMaabnoJ1 aMLLTHTyfkbI 1i1IU pa3J 1I lIbIX nepnO,AOB
a - ocennee panHO3excTOne 1957 r.; G - 3IIMHee co:IeuiecTOSnuue 1957- 1958 rr.
B H[)OTHBOIIOJIOaaHOCTb CyTOzIHOMV xoAy 'IHCJIa C:IyTiaeB HO}IB:IOHIIFI Cy-
TogHbIII xo cpeAHeI1 MaRCHMa.1bHOII aMHJIIITyAbI KodleoaIIIHI pa3JIIPIHbIX He-
pH0AOB anaJiorii eH AJia HoJre6aIIHi1 BCeX IIepHOAOB. 9XCTpeMyMbI CyTOaHbIX
XOAOB Ha6JIIOAalOTCH Ha Ka5KA0II H3 CTaHLUIIII H0'ITII B 0,1110 BpeMSI. Pa3JIiiIia
CyTOiIHbIX XOAOB CpeAHeii MaRCHMa:IbHOII aMHJIHTyAbI Ko Je6aHIIIi pa3JIIIi1HbIX
HePHOAOB 3aHJIIOiIaIOTCfI TOJIbFO B aMHJIHTyAaX CyTO'IHbIX XOAOB. 3KCTpeMyMb1
CYTOIIHbIX XOAOB CpeAHOII MahCIIMaJIbHOII aMIIJIHTyAbI KOJre6ailIIII pa3JIlhiHbIX
IIepHOAOB BblpaHieHbl c pa3zIhIHOII CTe1eHbIO 1IeTKOCTH, HO HaJIIITIHe CyTOTi-
HOPO xoAa aMILJIIITyAbI Aa:Ke Aga HoJIe6aHIIII HepIIOAa 50 ceK. 6eccnopHo
(4)Hr. 7).
CyTOiIHbie xo a cpeAHeii MaKCHMa.,ibHOII aMHJIHTy AbI A:Ia Bcex rpyIIH
KOJIe6aHHA Ha CTaHI[IIHX H H0ITH COBIIaAaIOT HO
2400 /2 24 0 /2 24 0 /2 24 CMT
12 24 0 /2 24 I /y 12.10 of I /0 'r
f8'r i I,ay sMr 6
12
10JI-~
30J
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
McCTHOMy BpeMCHII. ,JIH 3TIIX CPCAHefHPOTHbIX CTaHI{HhL MaHCIIMyM aM-
IIJIHTyA IIPI1XOr'[IITCH Ha IIpeAHOJIyjeHHble 'Jacbl. Bee rpy1Hbl KIIIt Ha CTaIi;IIII
) O6yCJIOBJIeH HMeHHO
3THMH BO3MyIIlCHHHMII. MOHCiIO HpeAHOJIaraTb, LITO TaKHe B03MyII eHHH TpaHC-
( IOPMHpyIOTCH Ha CpeAHeHIHpOTHbIX cTaHAHHX B KOJIe6aHHH THHa Pt.
IIPH HOCTPoeHHIi CyTOtIHOrO xoAa giic is c iyilaeB B03Myu);eH4Ii c HepHO-
AaMIi OT 50 Ao 90 ceK. y'HTbIBaJIIICb B03MyII eHHH, H11elOIll;He AaHHbIH He-
pIIOA HC3aBHCHMO OT BpeMeHH HOHBJIeHIIH H OT HepuoAa (JoHa. TaK Kai AJIH
CTaHAIIIi KBOpOA)) KOJIe6anHH, o6JIaAamH>He TaKIIM HepHOAOM, HO BCOM CBOIIM
3aKOHOMepHOCTHM allaJiorHYHb1 i o ie6aHHHM THHa PC, TO B CyTOiIHOM XOA0
YHCJia CJiygaeB B03Myu;eHH13 c Hepio o i 6oJiee 50 ceK. OCHOBHOII MaKCHMyM,
Hpllxo HII(HiiCH Ha AHeBHble qacbi, C03AaeTCH B03Myll eHHHMH, HOAo6HbIMH
PcA II B03HHHaIOIgIIMII Ha (boile yCTOIigHBbIX KOJIe6aHlili c Hepuoj aMH OT
60 go 90 CeK. Tanni o6pa30M, CyTOiIHbIH XOA
A99wepo 'IIlc3la CJIyiIaeB IIOAo6HbIX B03My11 eHHH He HB-
iio ie6aHHH THHa Pt, TaH KaK cioAa BKJIlOilexUI
H B03MyII[eHHH AaHHoro HepHOAa, BO3HHKaIO1l;He
Ha (3OHe ycTOiigHBLIx Ko.Ie6aHHIi B AHeBHble iiacbi.
RpOMe TIeTHoro CyTOTiHOI'O xoAa B03Myi;eHHI3
BCeX He1HOAOB, M01IiHO KOHCTaTIIPOBaTb Haimm4e
Ha BCeX CTaHIIHHX o6mero MaKCHMyMa CyTOTIHbIx
XOAOB 'IIICJIa c3IytlaeB HOHBJICHHH, HpHxoAHmerocg
Ha 21 -22 tIaca MHPOBOrO BpeMeHH. 3TOT Ma7K~CH-
MyM BaI16oJlee 'IeTKO Bblpa?KeH B BOpne 11 dIoB-
o3epe. B HOCJIeAHeM OH HO BCJIII'gI le HpeBbJHIaeT
COOTBeTCTByIO1I[14e MaICIMyMbI Bopxa H HeTpo-
HaBJ10Bciia B 2-3 pa3a.
MaxCIiMyMbl 'HCJIa CJlyilaeB B03MyM C'HII I C
HCpiiojail OT 20 go 50 cell. Ha CTaH1HHx ((Bo-
8 ". 6 24GMT J)OK> H ((IIeTpOHaBJIOBCKN, HPHXOAHH~HCCH Ha AHeB-
HbIC Miacbl, I1pOTeHalOT HO MCCTHOMy BpeMeHH CO-
(D31P. 12. C0HOCTa13JteHIIe Cy- 0T13eeTCTBeHHO B 10 H 15 nac.
TOYHbIX XO,1OB ahT11BI1OCTI1 PC IIpH COBOCTaBJIeHIiH CyTOilHOro xoAa aliT1IB-
(1) Ii'IiCJia cMyYaeB HOMBJIO- HOCTH PC H cyTOiIHoro xo a TIIicJIa CJiygaeB HO-
HIM BO3MyII1;eHBI3 C nepiiOr[a-
MIL MCHee 50 Cei. (2) HBJIeHHH BO3MYJJ HHYI c HepuoAaMII Diexee 50 CeK.
((~lilr. 12) Ha6JiioAaeTCH noiniai allaJiorHH gaff
cTaHL IrIi KBopow> H elleTpolIaBJIOBCKN: 111aKC1IMyM
tiluc:ia cJiy'iaeB BorBJICHIIH Bo3MyII eHHll c Heprio asi bieHee 50 cell.
COBHaAaeT 130 13peMeHII C MaIi('11MyMOM aRTIIBHOCTII PC. RJIH CTaHILHII
((JTOB03epON 3TO COOTBeTCTBIIC Hapymexo 113-3a HpIICyTCTBHH y1IOMHHyTOH
paHee rpynlIbI B03MyIJAeHI4i, COJIPOB05KAaIOIIJHX HOJIHpHbie CIIHHHH H C03-
Aaiowiix HO'IHOH MaKCHMyM 'IHcJIa cJlytIaeB 11OHBJIeHII59 B03MyMeHHH C Ile-
pHoAaruri arexee 50 ceK.
6. IICXOAH 113 BbIIIIeII3z05KeHHOFO, BO3MO HO cJ eJiaTb CJIe7yIOIi[He BbIBOAbI.
1. CHenTp MIN B ;AHalla3oxe OT 10 go 90 ceK. A1ICKpeTeii - HosB.neHlle
KoJ1e6aHHH pa3JIHTIHbIX HepIIOAOB HepaBHOBepOHTHO.
2. HO CyTO'IHOMy xoAy MliCJia CJIy~iaeB HOHBJIeHHH RIIK pa3JIH'IHbIX Ile-
pIIOAOB c11eKTp Hogpa3AeJiHeTCH Ha rpy1Hbl 20-30, 60-90 cex., KOHTpoJIH-
pye\Ible MCCTHbIM BpeMeHeM1, ii rpyuriy 40 ceK., KOHTpOJfHpyeaiyio Ml1 OBbIM
BpeMeHeM.
3. CyTOtIHbIIi xoA cpeAHell MaHCHMaJIbHOII aMHJIHTyAbI MIN pa3JIiIqIIbIX
HCPIIOAOB HOAiHIHHeTCH o61I[eIi 3aKOHOMCpHOCTII H IIOHTpOJIHpyeTCH McCTHbIM
BpeMeHeM.
4. I'pyHHa KoJIe6aHHII c HepiioAamii OT 60 go 90 cex. Ha cTaHAIIII ((BOpOK>
HO CBOIIM 3aJOHO11IePHOCTHM r o o6Ha KOJie6aHIIHM TI1Ha Pc.
5. AHTHBHOCTb Pc, ouelleHHan 110 Tpex6aJIJIbxoH IHKaJ1e, r103BOJIHeT
cpaBHIITb 3aKOHOMCPHOCTII B HOBeAeHIIH MIN THHa Pc, HMeioigHx CyMecT-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
BepTIII:aJIb11ar[ cocTaB.1IRIouiaa EHFi 827
BeHllo pa3JIHYHbie aMHJIIITyJ[bI Ha pa3Hb1X cTaiigHHY. AKTHBIIOCTb Pc O6JiagaeT
H HO BbIpaHeHHbIAI CyTO'IHbIAM XOJAOAI C OKOJIOHOJIygeHHbIA[ MaRCI[MyMOM,
I[pOTeEFIeT HO McCTHOMV BpeMeH[I, HMeeT ce3OHHEdIi XOA Ii O611apy + IIBaeT
TeHAeH]UIIIO K HIIIpOTHOMy CJ7BHry (T. e. MaKCHMyM aKTHBHOCTI[ PC HaCTyuaeT
pallbMHe Ha 6o,,iee BbICOHOH[HpOTHbIX CTaHEllIX).
6. 13031%Iyu eIuTn C HePIIOJOAI AleHee 50 ceI. cJIeJ);yeT HOTjpa3;AeT1ITb Ha
cO6CTBeHIIO Pc.4 It BO3MYII[eHHSI Toro ? e Heptoia, B03HHKalOMI[e B oTCyTCTBHe
yCTOIPIIIBbIX KOJie6aHHii AaIIHorO Hepio a (HOCJIegHHe OCO6eHHO XapaiTepit i
J.{JISI HOJIrlpHbIX CTaHAH[I).
ABTOpbI HpHHOC$T HCICpeHHI0IO 6JIarO apHOCTb py[coBOJ.[HTe.IIIO paooTbr
F. H. IIeTpOBOI3 H cOTpy AHIIKaM, HpIIHHMaBHIHM 6OJIbIHoe yiIacTHe B o6pa6oTKe
A[aTepnaJlOB: F. M. CoJIORoBHIIKOBy, K. H. CepreeBOR, JI. B. KoIeJleBOfi,
JI. B. IIeCTpeI oBOi[, B. B. CHepaIITOBy, JI. A. Ha6aTHHKOBO , P. C. Pbl6ai,
.a Tai t e BCeM COTpyqIIHKaM reO4)113II eCKITX cTaHI(III3, HpoleJIaBHIHM Ha6JIIo-
AaTe:IbHb[e pa6oTbr.
A);aAeMU$ Bays CCCP IIocTymma
,II HCTIIT'T 4B13116I[ 3eMJIII 6.N-111. 1959
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
H 3 B E C T H M A N A E Al H H H A Y N C C C P
FH;jPOjHHAMHLIECRHii PE30IIAHC B HOTOIiAX
JIETHEI'O MYCCOHA
HCCJICAOBauo noBeAeHiie JIeTiinx MycCOHHbIX noTOIOB y a(JpHxaiicKoro
IIo6epe5Kbg ATIIaHTnpecxoro oI eaua. IIOKa3aHo, 'ITO cyTOinIblfl xo,rI rpaj{HeH-
Ta JI,aBJIeHIIH 3JJ CI> nopo?I J aeT B1IHy)K3eHiible xOJIe6aHla crOpOCTeR BeTpa,
KoTopue nonaJ{aloT B pe3onal!C iia mnpoTe 30?: I[IIKJIl'Iec1 as 'JaCTOTa TaK
IIa3bIBaeMblx IniepI IIaJlbIIblx IOJIe6aHIIiI B03~JyuIIIhIx Macc cTaH0B11TCH pas-
Iron yrJioBoii cKOpocTn Bpaueinix 3eMJrn.
YnpOnjeHHaR cxeMa Myccoimoro noJIH no3BOJInJIa COCTaBIITh H npOHII-
TerpnpoBaTb ypaBlieHHH JJ;BII}KeHIIH c y'eTOM BH3KOCTII B03J[yxa, Ha1'ITII npn-
6JIH31ITeubHOe 3HarIenne K034(IIIwIeHTa gIIHaMffiecKOA BOCnpnnM'HBOCTIl HO-
JIe6aTeJIb110YI CnCTeMM. fOCTpoeIIbI pe30HancHble KpIlBble.
Pe3yJIbTaTiI xOpOMO COBnagaIOT C KJIHMaTOJIOrHiieCxHMH xapTatn n3o6ap
n cxopocTel3 BeTpa B IJcCJIeJ[OBaHHOM palioi a ATJIaHTn'ecxoro OKeaiia: Aeii-
CTBIITeJibiible cxopocTn BeTpa BCJOJ[y npeBbllnaJOT Te 3Ha'exn34, ROTOpble COOT-
BeTCTByIOT paccTOSIHIIHM McSKJ[y H3o6apaMH. HCCJIeJ[OBaHIImIi 344eKT Jle+a1T
B OCHOBe BO3HUKIIOBeHHH 113BeCTHtIX JIeTHIIX ceBepo-BOCTO*IHbIX IHTOpMOB Ha
IIepIIOM ii A30BCRONI MOpaX, Ha6JIIoJ{aeMag npOJ(oJIH IITeJIbHOCTb HOTOpLI..x
BHOJIHe COOTBeTCTByeT IIpHIIHTOII TeopeTII`IeCKOi exeMe.
Bo pen HJIaBaHHFI 3KCneJ[HI;HOHHoro cyp a y 3anaj;Hblx 6e-
peroB Ac pHKH Ha61IIog(aiien LIeTKO Bupa?KeHHbIYi cyTOTIHbIl XO CHOpoCTH
BeTpa.
HocJIe Ho'IHoro, HHorj(a HoJIHOro HITIIJIH, yTPOM HOCTeIeHHO HapacTaiia
CKOpOCTb BeTpa; nOCJIe HoJIyAHH ona npoxoj rJla nepe3 MaICCHMyM H K HO'
najaJla, Hnorja ,io HyJIH.
XOJ; HBJIeHHIi BecbMa 6JIH31CO HanoMHHaJI 1OBegeHne xopOIHO H3BeCTHoro
ceBepo-BOCTOLIHoro HITOpMa y KpbIMCKHX 6eperoB Ilepxoro MopH R Iia A30B-
cKoAi Mope, TIr aTeJlbHO H3y*ieHHoro B pa6oTe E. H. HoTaHOBOi3 Ill. OH Ha-
6JHo aeTCH 06bPIHO B pa3rap JleTa, npn COBepHIeHHO 6e3o6JIa'IHOM He6e ii
nnorj(a J[ocTnraeT cnOpocTeI3 BbIIHe 25 .hi/CeK. BbMBaaaH cJIy'IaH, KOrJ;a BO BpeMH
TaHOPO ceBepo-BOCTO'rnoro JIeTHero nmTOpMa cygaM 3aIIpeIIuaJIOCb BXOA1Tb
B HOPT.
Ran HOKa3aHO B [11, BO3HHKHOBeHHe 6OJIbIII11X CKOpOCTeI3 BeTpa B nOCJIe-
HOJIyAeHHOe BpeMH II nageHne ero K Beuepy, Hpn HITHJIe HOTIbIO, Bbl3bIBaeTCH
60JIbIIIIMII KOHTpaCTaMH B nporpeBe BO3J{yxa Hags cynieil ii MopeM, o60CTPHIO-
II(IIMncH npH gOCTISKeII1H MaHClMyMa TeMnepaTypbl Bo3J[yxa Hag cyIneli.
MaCHITa6bI HBJIeHIH COBCOM He CoOTBeTCTByIOT 06bI'IHOMy npeACTaBJIeHHIO
o 6pn3ax, o6JraJ;aioH(nx cpaBHHTeJIbHO Ma.IbTMH cKOpoCTHMH H OXBaTbIBaIO-
MHx BOCbMa orpaHHileHHOe npOTHHCeHne Kan no BepTHKaJIL, Tan n no ropn-
30HTaJIn: B pa6oTe [11 n B CTaTbe A. C. 3BepeBa [2] Hpii eJ;eHbI jaHHble
O BepTHRaJlbHOfi CTPyKType riOTOKa BO BpeMH TanHX IHTOPMOB - gaHHble,
KOTOpble H03BOJIHIOT CggnTaTb, TITO npoiiece OxBaTbIBaeT BeCb CJIOfI JIeTHeFO
MyCCOHa.
COBepHIeHHO ogeBHgHO, 'TO B cy6TponnulecxoM n TpOHHLIeCKOM nonce Ha
n06epe?Kbe AcpnKn KoJIe6aHHH TeMIIepaTypbl Bo3J(y xa B HpogoJISKenne CyTOK
AOJISKHbI 6bIT16 oco60 BeJIHKH, H B JIOIiHH COJ(ep?KHTCH ynoMHHaHne 0 TOM, 'TO,
HanpHMep, 6JIH3 HOpT-e3TbeHa TeMnepaTypa BO3gyXa J;HeM MO)KeT Ha 100
npeBbHuaTb TeMnepaTypy B03J[yXa 110'IbIO [3]. B TOR me JIOIIlH rOBOpHTCB,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
tITO ita 3aIIaA1IOM Ho6epe>I{be A(pHKH OtleHb pe3KO Bbipan{eHbl 6p13bI. IIO-
CTapaehlcn HoI a3aTb, tITO B AeiICTBHTeJIbHOCTH 3T0 - pe3KOe IIpOFIBJIeHHe
.CVTO'IHorO xopa ZeTHerO MyccoRa.
OCHOBHbie ypaBHeuna
Aim CXeMaTn3IIpOBaHHOFO aHajIII3a, AOCTYHHOTO B HaCTOSIMee BpeMH,
HpeACTaBHM ce6e 60JIbIIIOR MaTepiK, 6eperoBaH JIHHHn HOTOporo otrep*Ieaa
OKpy}KHOCTbIO. lIOMeCTIIM Ha Heft HatIaJIO KOOpAIIHaT, HanpaBIIM OCb X HO
HOpMaall BHYTPb MaTepHKa, OCb Y - IIO KacaTeJIbnOA BJIeBO OT Hee. 06o-
3HatIHM tIepe3 U COCTaBJI$1IOII1;yIO CKOPOCTII BeTpa, HopMaJIbHYIO K 6eperoBoi
=IepTe; V - TaHreHIrHaJIbHyIO COCTaBJIfIIOII(yIO. Hag 6eperoM 6yAeT OTCyTCT-
BOBaTb BepTHKaJIbHafl COCTaBJI5HOII;a5I CKOpOCTH, 110 OCH Z. 11OJIOH{IITeJIbHLIM
HanpaBJIeHHeM Z CtlnTaeM HaiipaBJIeHHe BBepx.
rlyCTb 6 o6o3HatlaeT IIJIOTHOCTb B03Ayxa; ? - ero 11034(J)I1IjneHT BHyTpeH-
Hero TpeHIIfi (Typ6y1reHTHoro). ECJIn rpaAiieIIT F aTMoc epHoro AaBJIeHIIH,
HarlpaBJIeHHbIII BHYTpb MaTepHKa no OCH X, I{oJIe6JIeTCH 6JIaroAapx KoJIe6a-
HHHM TeMIIepaTYpbl B IIpOAOJIH{eHne CyTOK, TO AOJI}KHb1 KoJIe6aTbCH H COCTaB-
JIIHOIIJIIe U, V CKOpOCTH MyCCOHa, COPJIaCHO ypaBHeHIIRM HaBbe - CTOKca,
KOTOpble 3AeCb 3ariHcbIBaIOTCH B IIpOCTOH i OpMe:
0 8u 2Z, r 02u
- at = 2a -}- aZ2
8U 2 82v
at = - 2a U + dZ2.
coKpaiennx BBeAeHo o6bItiHoe o603Hatlemie:
a2
(1)
(3)
rge w = w sin q ; w - yrJiosax CKOpOCTb BpaMeHH5 3ei.nn; c - HlnpoTa
MecTa.
B oTJlntTne OT 3agatTn, perIeHHOi3 HaMH [4,5] IIplMeHHZeJIbHO K FOAOBO-ly
IInHJIy MyCCOHHbIX IIOTOKOB, HHeplinonnble gIJIeHbI, CTOFI1;He B JIeBbIX tlaCTJIX
paBeHCTB, rlpn06peTaIOT ceHtiac BeCbia BawHOO 311aneHIie, 3aCTaBJI5II1
HO-HHOMy OJ HHBaTb pOJIb Beex tIJIeHOB ypaBHeHHH (1), (2).
OpHeuTHpOBOtIHafI of eHKa uoKa3bIBaeT, TITO ceHtIaC HaIIMeHbiueII Be.II1gIIHbI
AOCTHraJOT nociiejHI1e 'IJleHbI B npaBbIX t1aCTHX ypaBHeHHH: OHH npiiepHO
B 23 pa3a Melbine, tleM 'IJieH npaBOH tIaCTII (1), coAepH{amriH rpagneHT AaB-
JICHl1n F; HpHMepHO B 15 pa3 McHbine, tleM nnep1 HOHHbie tIJIeHbI B ,ieBbIX tIa-
CTHX ypaBHeHHH, H IIpHMepHO B 10 pa3 Melibule, tleM tlJIeHbI, ytIHTbIBalOiwle
KOplIOJIHCOBbI CIIJIbl (IIepBbie B IIpaBbIX MaCT$IX paBencTB). B CBII311 C 3TII111
npH IIpeABapHTeJIbHOM IICCJIeAOBaHHH 5IBJIOIIIIH B ypaBHennf1X (1), (2) ilpeHe-
6peHCeM IIOCJIeAlIHMH 'IJIeHaMII B IIpaBbIX tiaCT}IX - CIIJIaM1 BHyTpennerO Typ-
6yJIeHTHOro TpeHHfi B B03AyIIIHOH cpeAe, no epaBHeHHIO C OCTaJlbnbIMII CII-
JIaMH.
YMHOHfHM BCe t1JleHbl ypaBHeHHH (1) Ha ?/S n upoAr(4epeH1JnpyeM ll\
110 BpeMeHH, noCJIe Hero nOACTaBIIM B iioaytIeHHOe ypaBHeHHe BblpaH{enBe
.dv/dt n3 (2). Torga:
d2u ? 2 41, 1 d'
t2+4~s~a= s dt
IIJIII Ha OCHOBaHIIII (3):
d2u - 1 dP
die + 4cu2u = s dt
(4)
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TaKIIM aae HyTeM, noc.ne AIIJ4epeH1HpOBaHllH (2) no BpeioeHll H rroc.ie
nOACTaHOBHH BbIpaxeeHHB duldt 113 (1), Hai1AeM:
d2
+ -2 _ co
- 2
dt2 Iw v - - o P.
(5)
Hpo113BOAHax dF/dt B (4) H calla I yHKII,HH F B (5) KOJ1e6JIIOTCH C CYTOiIIIbIbr
nepioAom. CJIeJ1;oBaTeJIbno, cocTaBJIFIIOH~He u H V CKOpOCTH MycCOHa CBn3anbl
CO BpeMeHeM IOCpeJ(CTBOM TIIHH1IHbIX ypaBHeHIIIl BbIHYHHAeHHbIX KoJle6a-
HHII - (4) II (5).
EcJni 6bI B 3THX ypaBHeHHHX o6paTlIJIIICb B HYJIb ilpaBble 4aCTH, TO OHM
OHncbIBa 3II 6bI co6CTBennbre KOJIe6aHnn IIrIepl);HOHHOf1 CIICTeMbI. KaK BcerJ(a,
iBagpaT co6CTBeHHOli IIHKJiHtrecKOn YaCTOTbl TYT J[OJI)KeH paBHHTbCSI MHOiKH-
TeJIIO npII caioii (yHICI[HII B JIeBOI3 gaCTH ypaBHeHHI3. CJIeROBaTeJIbHO, B AaH-
IIOM c 1y lrae 11u JInLlec as 'IacTOTa cBo6o;AHbIx KoJIe6aHHn CIICTeMbI go EHa
paBHHTbCH 2w = 2w sin cp.
Ha mBpOTe cp = 30? sin y = 0,5 II rroTOnly AHKJIHnrecKan HaCTOTa 2w
C06CTBeHHbIX KOJIe6aHHR CIICTeMbI CTaHOBHTCH paBHOH I[HIfJIH9eCICO k naCTOTe
(o Ko3Ie6aHnII B03MyMI(aiojgHx CIIJI - B npaBbIX MIaCTHX (4), (5) (yrJloBoi
CKOpOCTII BpallleHHH 3eMJIH). 3Ha'IHT npll 3TOM CHCTeMa MyCCOHHbIX IOTOKOB
nouaJ(aeT B pe3OHaHC C B03MymaKIIII;IMH cI JIaMII.
HOCTpoeHHe pe30HancHbIX KpHIBbIX
B HaCTOHHI;ee BpeMH HH OJ(Ha rHApOAHHaMIILIeCKaII 3aga'Ia, OTHOC$Ill a1CH
H MyCCOHHOMy HOJIIO, He MO)KeT 6bITb pellleHa TO-qHO BBHJ[y ilpe3BbrqaiiHo
CJIO)KHIIX yCJIOBHIi Ha BepXHeI3 rpaHHue II HaJIIIiInn 3aBHCHMOCTH aHTHMyC-
COHHLIX HOTOKOB OT peSISHMa BbIIIIeJIeiKamHX CJIOeB B03J[yxa (BKJIIOga5 CTpaTO-
CC)epy). OJ(HaHO HpH6JIHMeHHOe peHleHHe HeKOTOpbIX 3aRa'l yJ(aJIOCb BbIHOJI-
HIITb, HCXOJ(H 113 oileHb HpOCTOI3 pa6oilei CXeMbI, B KOTOpOI3 HOTOKH aHTHMyC-
COHa OrpaHWIeHbl CJIOeM OT BbICOTbI D AO BbICOTbI 2D Hag HOJ[CTHJIaIOIL eil no-
BepXHOCTbIO.
B CBOIO o'Iepegb TOJIH1HHa D cJIOa TperHn, KaK Bcerga, BbrpaHCaeTCH wpe:I
[I, 6 11 W, BXOg}II1He B ypaBHeHIIH (1) -(3):
V7Z
D=n = - .
&w a
(6)
BCJIII'IIIHa a BXo uia B BbIpaHKeHIIe (3). HpilMeHHB TaKylo yrpOH;eHHylo
CXCMy, B CBOe BpeM$ MbI OnnCaJIH McXaHH3M Ce3OHHOPO nepeMeIgeHnn 11361.I-
TO'IHbIX Macc BO3J),yXa c OKeaHa Ha 1VIaTepuKn (K 3HMe) H B o6paTHoM HanpaB-
JIeHIIII (K JIeTy). YJ[aJIOCb CBH3aTb C 3THM nepeHocoM J[BIDReHHe MPHOBeHHOA
OCM Bpall];eHHH 3eMJIn B Te3Ie HJIaHeTbl BOKpyr ocpeRHeiIHoro ee nOJIOiHeHIIH -
reorpac) I'IecxoH ocH [4, 51.
Ceiigac CHOBa HOJI05KHM, T-ITO Hag 6eperoBOii JIIIHneil B03HIIKThH Co6CTBCHHO-
My000HHble IOTOKH, CKOpOCTb KOTOpBIX o6pallaeTCn B HYJIb Ha BbICOTe D, II
iITO Bbllne CKOpOCTb allTHMYCCOHa CHagaaa HapaCTaeT, a 3aTeM nagaeT I o HyJIII
Ha BMCOTe 2D. KaK H B pa6oTax [4, 5], 6yger Ci1IITaTb, tlTO rpaJ(MeHT gaB-
JleHnn HanpaBJleH HO HOpMaJIn K 6eperOBOfI JIHHHII H McHneTCf C BbICOTOh II0
JnineiiHOMy Saxony, npOXOgn Tlepe3 HyJIb Ha BbICOTe D. B HOBOiI 3af7,aqe HII-
1JIIILIeCKan MaCTOTa KoJIe6aHHii rpagHeHTa J[aBJIeHHn P BO BpeMeHH paBlia
yrJIOBOii CKOpOCTH Bpanl eHHH 30AIJIll BOKpyr OcH. TaKHM o6pa3oM, J(JIa rpa-
J1;HeHTa J(aBJIeHHH Ha KaKOII-To BTICOTe z Hag fOJ[CTIIJIaKHJ eII noBepXIIOCTI,1O
3annuleM:
F=PI,(1-- )(1-cos(0t). (7),
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ha OCHOBaHIIII (1)-(3) it (7) ypaBHexiin iBIiaEeHHH B3q3KOI3 CpeAbT HpH-
o6peTyT (JopMy :
811 8211 - F0
- 2(ov Cos cot),
Ot 0 O'? b w,
01- L 821 -
at - _b a2 + 2(ou = 0.
(8)
(si)
c)KMaH II (l)peAI'OJIbM [61 IiCCJIeAOBaJIH 6o iee IIpOCTble HB.IeHIIB - pa3-
BIITIIe gpeii(IOBOrO Te'IernH HpH BO3HIIHHOBPHIIII HOCTOHHHOr0 BeTpa it pa3-
BIITne rpaAIICHTHOFO TCMeHHH B Mope, npii B03HIINHOBCHIIII rpaAIIeHTa, n0-
CTOHHHOrO BO BpeMeHH II Ha pa3JIII'IHbIX r iy6IIHax. 01111 HOJIy'IIIJIII AOBOJIbHO
CJIOSKHLIe Bblpa xenlin in COCTaBJIHIOII1IIX CKOpOCTCII Te'ielnili. Ba;EHO OT-
McTHTb, 'ITO 3aTyxaHHe co6CTBeHHbIX xwwie6aHIIIi (Tax Ha3bIBaeMbix uiiep-
l HadZbHbIX) HOJIy'IIIJIOCb He 3aBHcnH HM HenoCpeACTBeHHO OT ? -B Bblpaixe-
HHHX CHOpOCTef BeTpa Ha HOBepXHOCTII MOpJ II Ha rJIy6HHax, ec.'IH TOJIbI0
F Iy6111lbI II3Mep}JIIICb B OTHOCIITeJIbHbIX ejiiHHuax, - CpaBHIIBaJIIICb C r Iy-
6HHOII TPPHIIH D. 3TO Hp0I13OBIJIO HOTOMy, MTO B ypaBHeHIIHX Tlina (8), (9)
Ha ?, yMHoaaaeTCH BTOpa5 HpOH3BOJHaH OT CKOpOCTII HO Z, HpOIIOpII,IIOHaJIbHaJl
22, T. e. o6paTII0 npOHOpAiloHaJIbHan t. B pe3yJlbTaTe B I IITIIpOBaHIlo i pa-
60Te Ii03( (1H1[HelIT JaTyxaHIIn OKa3a.ICH IIPOCTO 3aBIICHIi[II111 TOJIbRO OT w.
B Hameik 3aAa'Ie AOJIiKHbI BO3HHKaTb OCJIO?KHeHIIH 611arogapn xoJIe6aHIIHM
rpagileHTa gaBJIeHIIH BO BpeMeHH II nerIOCTOHHCTBy ero Ha pa3JIIi'IHbIX BbICO-
Tax Hag HOACTH ialOii eIi IIOBepXHOCTbIO. HO 3TH OCJIO?KHeHIIH xoMHeHCII-
pyIOTCH TOM, 'ITO HaM nplIXOAIiTCH IICCJIeAOBaTb HBJIeHHH TOJIbHO Ha KOHe'IHOM
OTpe3xe BepTHKaJIII: OT Z = 0 go 2D.
LJIH ygo6CTBa npeo6pa3yer (8) II (9) TaxIiM O6pa30M, 'IT06bI B HHX BXO-
AHJIIl TOJIbHO 603pa3MepHbie apryMeHTbI It yHKIAIIII. Hpe.Kge Beero yMHOiHIIM
o6e MaCTII xa?KAoro 113 ypaBHenn i Ha II HepeiiAeM OT BpOMeHIH t H 6e3pa3-
McI1HOMy BpeMeHH T, ITWIOix1B:
(ot
7.
ypaBBenl(n (8), (9) npro6peTyT HpoMexcyTO'IBylo (opMy:
811 1_1 8211
d- -- r. - dz - 2-2 = Z
iw
s (1 - D (1 -cos (ot),
(10)
a~. aZ2+gnu=0.
Ho Mno)KIITeJlb, nOHBIIBIIHIi CH nepeA BTOpbIMIT 'MJIenaMu ypaBHeHHIi, Ba
ocnolianuH (6), paBen D21 ; D2 aBTOMaTII'Iecxn nponageT, eciiH Mm 3aMeHBM
BTOphIe npOH3BOABhIe DO Z BTOpLIMII HpOII3BOA14bIMII no 6e3pa3Mepnoi3 Hoop-
ABnaTe :, npHHeM = z/D. Ta ,ue BeJIH9nna ( BoiiAeT B ABy9JIeH, IIMex)-
IIiIIii('H B Hpaiioit 'IaCTII nepBOPO Bpeo6pa3oBaBlloro ypaBHe}IITH. ;IJIH xpaT-
xocTH npHHeM sin = 1. Torga n npaBOK 'IacTTI oxaxceTCH:
(0 cot
0) r.
11aii 113BeCTIJO, cxopocTb
HpH rpagnehTe ;1apJIeBIln I'o,
wt = -
7 -
reo(?T pO(II'IecKOro
BeTpa Vg,
Bblpa -haeTCA cJleAylolIIIM ()6pa3oM:
,(Jia rtepexo;ta i oe3pa8MepHbIM C1iOPOCTBM OTMeTlIM, 'ITO Bhlpaxceuite
YABOeHnoii CKOJOCTII reOCTpo~II3H'Tecxoro BeTpa I NOA1tT B npaBYIO 'IaCTb
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
npeo6pa30BauHoro ypaBHeHHR. Pa3JieJ1HM o6e =iacTH KamAoro H3 AByx ypaB-
xeHHni Ha Vg H B AajIbHelmIeM 6yAeM IICCJIeAOBaTb (dyHKIIHH:
u v (12)
V9 = x; V~ = Y.
TorAa BMOCTO ypaBHenHn (8), (9) MOHZHO 3ufHCaTb C yqeTOM Bcex IIpo-
McHCyTOLIHbIx COOTHOIIIeHHH:
aT ax - 2~y = 2-(1 - ~) k1 -Cos (13)
7
ay a 2 21zx = 0. (14)
B HOBbIX o6o3Ha'IeHHSIx co6cTBenno MYCCOHHbIn CJ1OI3 3aHHMaeT Bb1COTy
OT C = 0 Ao 1, a cxeMaTH3HpoBaHnbII3 allTHMyccoHHblii Mod - BbICOTY OT
C = 1 Ao 2. VCJIOBHH Ha rpannuax: HpH C = 0 H C = 2, x = y = 0. BbIpa-
nenne (7) 6bIJIO 3anHeaHO HpHMeHHTeJIbHO H eCTeCTBeHHOMy Bb16opy HauaJra
oTCYeTa BpeMeHH: OT MoMeHTa, norAa HOLIbIO B HpocTenIHeM cJIyLIae rpa;jHeHT
AaBJIeHHR IIpOXOAHT uepe3 HyJIb. 8T0 - MOMeHT HOCKOJIbKO II03}Ke IIOJryHO'IH.
'OT Hero OTCLInTLIBaeTCSI Tenepb 6e3pa3Mepnoe BpeM$1 T.
Cy1IieCTBylom;He rpaHHqHbie yCJIOBHI IIO3BOJFJIIOT HCKaTb HnTerpaJim
ypaBneHHH (13), (14) B 4opMe 6ecnonegnux pHAOB, B KOTOpbIX KaxcAhII3
qJIeH HpeAcTaBJIaeT coooft npOH3BeAeHHe (iyHKJHH OJHOI JIHIHb BbICOTbI Ha
4)HKJ&HIO oAHoro JIHIIIb BpeMexH:
n=oo
x = I sin nn ? x,z (T),
n=1
n=oo
~sn
Y= sin yn(T).
n=1
(15)
(16)
B CBR3H C 3THM pa3JIo nuM B pnA Dypbe (Tome HO CHHycab)) (yHnuHlo
BbICOTbI, KoTOpaR BXOAHT B IIpaBylo gaCTb (13):
1-~= 'Y, -bn sin ~cn
1 C.
(17)
B xameYi 3aAane c.leAyeT IIOJIO}KHTb B (15) - (17) 1 = 2 IIpnMeHHTeJIbHo
li rpaHHuaM RBJIeHHR. Ko3((HIiHeHTbI (Dypbe bn B (17) Bblpa KaIOTCR H3BeCT-
HbIM CoOTHOIHeHHeM:
bn= F(C)sin ,,:n 4 sin
2
nit
ntc
Cos -,C
s 4
+ cos nit.
=1 Flit
(18)
Bce He'eTHbie Koa44HI[HeHTbI paBHbI HyJiIO. CJIeAOBaTeJIbHO, HyMepauHlo
lrx yAo611ef BOOTH HO 3HatIeHHRM k = n/2. TOT me HOMep k IIORBJiReTCR B
apryMeHTax CHHyCOB 611aroAapq TOMY, TITO 1 = 2 H 3HatIHT n/l = n/2 = k.
HTaK, o6n ee BMpa}KeHne k-ro HO3(4)HIAHeHTa Dypbe 6yAeT bk = 2/krz
H BMeCTO (17) 3arHmeTCR:
k=oo
1 - t; = k7t sin k4.
(19)
IIOACTaBIIM B (13), (14) BbIpa}Kennn x H y m; (15), (16), 3aMeHHB B HHx
HyMepar[HIo H HOJIOHCHB n/l = k. B npasyio LIaCTL (13) HoAcTaBHM BbIpa}Ke-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
line (1 - y) 113 (19). Torjja B03HI11-HOT CHCTeia 113 6eclioxe9HOrO unejla
11pOCThIX jt11(j)(4epelluHa ibnmx ypaBHeHni3. 13 Iia HILoM H3 HHX Bee 47eHbI
('OIjM1q,IJOTCH Ha o61nnnIi MHOHNITeJIb - CHHyC cooTBeTCTl3v1onnero apryMeHTa,-
BUC.ie NerO B O6n1,eM Bnjje nosy iaeTCn:
;k k2-.rA.- 2ryk = h (1-cos (20)
J 2-y h,=k k 2cx,. 0. (21)
CyluecTByiou>;IIe paCllpejjezenlin cnopocTeii MyccoHa HO BepTnxaJIII B npn-
P0,1II1)IX yC.noBIIHX TaHOBbI, 'ITO BHOJIHO penpe3eHTaTlBHbIM HBJIIeTCII BeTep
Ha BbICOTe Z = D/2, HJIH, IITO TO nce caMoe, 5 = 1/2. 113 c)Opi,iyJi (15), (16)
BHjj1IO, iITO Ha 3TOI3 BbICOTe O6pau;aIOTCH B HyJIb Bee nJIeHu pnjja, HOTOphIM
COOTIteTCTByIOT 'ICTHble 3HageIIHH k = n/l. B 'IaCTHOCTH, o6pa1naIOTCH B HyJIb
X2 11 /2. 11p11 IIe1ICTHbIX 3Ha'IeHIIHX 3TOrO iioepa k MHOI IITeJIH HpH Xk 11 Yk
paBHniOTCn ejjniHIue. Ho HOHTpOJIbHbie BbITInCJIeHHn HOHa3bIBalOT, 'iTO TpeTbH
tI?Iellbl pia MaJIbI IIO CpaBHeIIIiio C nepBbIMII.11OBTOMy JjJI} HpHHJHHHaJIbHOrO
IICC:I(';jOBalnln nBJICHIIH pe30I1aHca OHa3EIBaeTC$ AOCTaTO'IHbIM npoaHaJIn3H-
pOB3Tb pe3olaiicHbie EPIIBbIO jJIH IIOpBbIX 'IJIOHOB B p1RaX, HOTOpbIMII Bbi-
pa.NaioTCn cocTaBJIxuOHjlle IIOTOHOB, HpHMeHIITeJIbHO IC HoMepy k = 1.
CTpOeBne llpaHOii 'iacTH (20) 1103BOJIBIOT pa361ITb aHaJIn3 iia j(BO CTaJlnn:
1) IlaiiTi-I pe3yJIbTaT B03;j0 iCTBnn HoJIe6aIIIIHI no 3aHOHy xocITHyca, 2) onpe-
jleJlllTb CTaTH'IeCIiOe OTIiJIOHCIIIIe CHCTeMLI.
Uiiaila:ie 3annmeM:
COS' ,
Y 0,
(22)
(23)
I'Je ;I:IH BpaTROUTII IIpnnHTO TTIITerpa3bl VpaBHeT1 lH (22), (23)
6V;1.(Jl IliR3Tb B (I)OPMC
A cos v- -j- B sin v', (24)
9~ - C- sin,)-. = D cos,)-,. (25)
11?;I,.Ta11OIiha BbIpaa e111tii (24), (25) B (22), (23) npHHBeAeT 1 neTblpeM Y'CJIO-
BIIIVl, AOTOphIC ;IOJI;f;1IbI cooJuo;IaTb(n B npOH3BOJIbHbIII MOMe1IT BpCMeJIH:
C\ V1nII BCeX tIJICHOB, CO;ICp11ia1IjHX COS Y-, n CyMMbI BCeX'IJICHOB, COjlep?BaII Hx
siiiY-, o6113aI1bI paIHnTb(n Hy"JIIo. OIlpeuCJIIITeJIb CIICTCMbI 3T1IX 'ieTbipex
Vpa1111e11111i c He113Be('T11b1MII A, B, C, D COCTaBJIHeTC H Tai;:
- - - 2- U
(1 - 2z
2- U v
1 ()
= 25 -,1 - (i-2v2 -',-
:1TO - o61gilii 311aMeHaTe.nb tan Bblpa3 eIIHhi -1, B, C, D. r11IC:IlITG11r aTnX
Bb1pN:KCH1Ii npC;ICTaBIITC} 13
BIi;IC:
4-v2 - '20 -'', (27)
A,, = - 4v3 -H 12(28)
16 (29)
Ad 87v2 4U-;'. (30)
.iallncaH 13blpa0KC1I1I5I IIe1I3BOCTHbIX, Ha ocnOBanni (26) - (30) HpHMeM
Bk) BIlIIMi1BHe, `ITO, cor:Iacno HanICMy o6o3HatleHHIo, -,v = sing. Tor;Ia
5 Cq,mi reo(pn3u'iccrati. A'e G
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
834
4 sin2 p -{- 5 sin4 p
A=--
7c 25 sin4 p-6sin2?1
B _ 4 sin p - 3 sin3
1C 25sin46sin2 + I
4 4sin3p
- 4c 25 sin4 p 6 sin2 p + 1 '
_ 4 2sin2p-10sin4p
D it 25 sin4p-6sin2p+1"
AI%IHJIHTyJ;bI KOJIe6aHHIi HOpMaJIbHOiI II TaHreHgHaJIbHOII
BbIpa3HTCS1 ilepe3 3TII KO3((HII;HeHTbI:
(31)
(32)
(33)
(34)
X = YA2 + B2, (35)
Y=YC2+D2. (36)
LITo6LI IIar.IHJ;Heli IIpeJ1;CTaBHTb H3MeHeHH$T X H Y B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT FIII-
pOTbI (p, IIpH IIOCTpOeHHH RHarpaMMbl IIpHMeM 3a eAI3HHl(y 3HaileHHe X90 Ha
HIHpOTe (p = 90?. Torga IIOJIyII1IM ABe KpHBble, H3o6pa5KeHHLIe Ha c Hr. 1.
KpnBax 1 BbIpaHHaeT H3MexeHHfl BeJIH1IHHLI X/X90, a KpIIBan 2 - 113MeHeHHS1
BeJIHiIHHbI Y/X90.
KaK BIIJJHM, Ha IIIHpOTe 30? BO3HHKaeT pe30HaHc, Ha116ojiee ileTHO Bblpa-
HfeHHbIII Y HOpMaJIbHOII CocTaBJIHIOMeII c1OpocTefi. Bx3KOCTb B03Jl;yHI-
HOB cpeAbI CBeJia aMIIJIHTYJI,bI IIpH pe30HaHce
K CpaBHHTeJIbHO yMepeHHbIM 3HaneHHSIM. OTMe-
~5 ' THM, TO B BLICOKHX IIIHpOTIX BeJIHtIIIHa TaHreH-
\ Z gBaJIbB01i COCTaBJIHIOuieui megi CHHO HaJjaeT II BCIC-
Ry npci imaeT Be.nu'uIHy HopMaTib1OH cocTaBJIFIIO-
Iueii. Hao6opOT, B HH3KIIX mllpoTax TaHreBI[HaJIb-
Ha5I COCTaBJIHIIOma5I IIagaeT oco6enxo 6bICTpo II
BCIOAy Ce HpeBblmaeT HopMaJII,HaSI cocTaBJIBIO-
i uIax.
~OCTaeTCfi ~HaRTII TaIC~ Ha3bTBaeMoe cTaTh9e-
0,5 j LiJIeH B cuo6Kax HpaBOYI gaCTIl ypaBHennu (20).
IIo-IIpe?KHeMy orpaHHtIIIMCH 3HalTeHHeM k = 1 ii
3TOM ypaBHeHHH H 6y>~eu HcxaTb B KOMHJIeKC-
no%I (opMe reOMeTpII'TeCKyIO C MMY XCT II yc,. 011a
oJpejeJIHTCH 113 CHCTCMbJ J(ByX cOB1IeCTHbTx ypaB-
39 60 90 Hernia:
Diir. 1. Pe3oifaHCxbie xpil-
BbIC 3JIff HOpMaJlbiiOli Ii TaH-
reiii;HaJlbHoi 000TaBJifIIO-
II;H x
x -.c - 2aY _ /i, (37)
1J -~- -rf - 27x = 0. (38)
WMHO?KIIM BTOpoe 1'panxeuuie Ha MIIHMVIO C;m11I11[V i 11 cJio?ISHM c HeplibTM.
Torja, o6o3Hai1HHi KOMHJIeKC xC-r ',- lYCT 6vi uuoii f, HOJI\ qnM lvpaBHeHHe:
f -I --,,f -
2r. f = 4. (39)
110 \CJIOBIIIO CTa'1'111i11 / = CofiFI. (,JIe;11113aTe:Ib}io, j -- 0 11 ]1(IB'I(IMV:
4 1 4
(I -? 0
1 i2 57r
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
FHupoJHHaMIIgecRHii pe3oxaac 835
OTCIoAa OHpe;>,eJIHIOTCH cTaTHgocKHe 3HageiHH
XCT 5 = 0,255,
8
YCT = 5-7: = 0,510,
a Tame MOJ(yJIb BeHTOpa f:
(40)
(41)
/I=0,57. (42)
Y TH IIOJIygeHHbre cTaTH9ecljje 3HageHHH, a TaKSHe a6cOJII0THble Be-
JIHYlHbI aMIIJIHTYA KOJIe6arni 3 HpH pe3oI3aiice (Ha IHHpOTe 30?), oIlpegeJIIIM
TaK Ha3blBaeMylo gIIHaMHgecKyro BOCHpHHMgHBOCTb KOJIe6aTeJJbHoil CHCTeMbl
HpH pe3OHaHce:
A = (0,255 + 0,69))2 (0,51 + 0,62)2 = 2,6. (43)
CoHOCTaBJIeIII1e TeopeTHgecHo i exeMbI C pe3yJIbTaTaMII II3Mepenuui
B HpIIpOJ[HbIX yCJIOBHHX
Ha c1Hr. 2 13oCHpOII3BegeHbl KJIHMaTOJIOrageCKHe KapTbr H3O6ap Hajj
ATJIaHTHgecHHM OKeaHOM H Ha ;j Ac pHKOH J>JIH HIOJIH H HHBap$I [3J. OHII
HOKa3bIBaIOT, KaK LIeTKO BbrpwEeHO JIeTHee MyCCOHHoe HOJIe B OXBageHHOH
6
0 40 20
0 2
0
6
0 4
0 2
0
0 2
0
40
0,
1 016
ac
104
,01
I
1018
J /
102
0
40
1041
0
10,
20
1018
20
-1 Q1
20
,01
1
101 !
1
101
0
1011
101
1
1
3
0
0
J
101
101
\
1p `
20
02
1019
20
20
02{
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40
Fh16AVb
1
on
101
6
0 40 20 0
2
0
40
6
0 4
0 2
0 0
2
0
401
DHr. 2. I{JIHMaTOJIOrIIgecHHe KapTLI Ha06ap RJIH HIOJIIT 11 JHBapa
4acT11 ceI3eprroro IIOJrymapHH H KaK Majio 3HMHHii MVCCOH H3MeHHeT 6ap11-
gecxoe rroJre rlaccaTHOir TIHpxyJ1Hr1HH. CocpeAoTOgHM BHHMalHe Ira TOM
ytracTKe ATJIaHTHLrecioro oHeaHa, ICOTOpMIIi JIe}KHT B KBaApaTe Measly rlapaJr-
JIeJIHMIr 20-30? c. m. ii MepnzlIaHaMH 10-20? 3. u. Ha HroJrbcioii KapTe
6JIHase BCero CXO,1,HTCH 113o6apbl 1016 H 1018 .nr6, no Haase 3;1ecb CHOpOCTI,
re00Tpo rgeCHOro BeTpa. BbIgIJC.TiexxaH rro TaIHM 11306apaM, He npcHbImae?r
45
M
mlceK.
easly TeM B ,ICIICTBHTCJrbJIOCTH CKOpOCTII
ygacTKO oKeaHa OKa3b1BaIOTCH 3HagIITeJIbxo 6oJrbiufMH
BeTpa Ha BTOMM
Ha C Hr. 3 JJ,aHbr BbIKOHHpoBKH C Tpex rlgpoMeTeopoJIOrHIIecHHx KapT
ceBeprloii'IacTrr ATJIaHTHilecftoro oxeaxa [71 A.gn IHOJIH, aBrycTa H ceHTH6pH.
Tomme JIHmiHmI COOTReTCTByIOT CKOpOCTHM go 3 6aJIJI0B BKJIIO1HTeJIbHo; IBOiI-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ilble JII1iIIuH - CKOpOCT11M OT 4 RO 6 6aJIJIOB BKJIIOgHTeJlbnO; OTpe3KH 3aTyHIe-
BaHIIble - CKOpOCT}IM BbII JO 7 6aJIJIOB. ,JIHHa OTpe3KOB XapaKTepH3yeT
HOBTOpneMOCTb COOTBeTCTByIOH[HX CKOpOCTeH H HaiipaBJIeHHH BeTpa B TaHOM
MaCHITa6e, 'ITO, HanpuMep, B paCCMaTpHBaeMOM HBajpaTe of eaHa HOBTOpHe-
MOCTb BeTpa OT 4 jo 6 6aJIJIOB, B Ka?HJ[OM 113 qBYX OTMe'IeHHbIX HaiipaBJIeHHI3
cooTBeTCTBeHHO paBHa 31 H 34%.
Y 1T11 HpHBegeHHble MaTepiia1Ibl, AIM HOJIyiI13JIH AJISI 3TOrO IiBaJ>;paTa B HxlJle
CpoJIHIOIO CKOPOCTb OHOJIO 9 M/ceK, T. e. yABOeIIHyIO CHOpOCTb reOCTpo(H9e-
CKOPO BeTpa, BbITIHC.7IeHHoro Ho KJIHMaTOJIor1r1ecxllM 113o6apaM (#r. 2).
ECTb BCO OCHOBaHHH HOJIaraTb, TITO 110304111AIIeHT J;HHaMWIeCKOl3 BOCHpHHMiIH-
BOCTH 1OJIe6aTeJIbHOYI CHCTeMbI \, BbItIIICJIeHHbIIi B HpeJ);bIgyu);eM pa3ReJIe, MO-
?KeT IIpeBbIHIaTb TCOpeTHileCKOe 3Hailenne 2,6. B 3TOM MO?HH0 y6eJ);HTbCf, CO-
HoCTaBJIHH KapTy (llir. 2 AJ111 HIOJIJI H yCJIOBHLIC o603iia'IeHHH CKOpOCTOI1 Be-
Tpa Ha xapTe ( i4r. 3 B pa3JIHTiHbIX qaCT$IX HCCJIegyeMOrO paiioua.
KapTbl (HP. 3 HOHa3LIBaIOT, iITO B corJIaCHH C TeopeTIUIecxoII cxeMOI3 Ha-
6JIIOgaeTCSI Hpeo6JIagaHHe TaxreH11Ia3IbH0I COCTaBJIHIOIT);elI BeTpa Hag Hop-
MaJIbHOYI - H ceBepy OT TpOHHKa Paua n Hpeo6JiauaHHe HopMaJIbIlOYI CO-
cTaBJISIIOwe 1 Hag TaxreHIZHaJIbH0hI - io?KHee TporHKa.
B CTOJIb ?Ke xopomeM CooTBeTCTBHH C TeopeTHTleclolI cxeMOH HCCJIeRye-
AIbIIi 3(J(Je1T BIITAeH Ha HIHPOTaX BbIIHe 40? - y 6eperoB KOpTyraJIHH. He-
COMHeHHO, xITO HMeIIHO 3TOT 34X eHT BbI3bIBaeT Ha A30BCItOA1 Mope u y KpblAl-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
cKHx 6eperoB i1epHoro MopH JIeTHHC ceBepO-BOCTOtIHble IIITOpMbI, HccJleJAoBaH-
Hble B pa6oTe [1]: TaM CKOpOCTH BeTpa, HHorga AocTHraIOII[He 25-30 hHlceK,
TO K 3HatIHTeJIbHO HpeBbIBIaIOT CKOPOCTb, BbP CJIOHHyIO HPIIMeHHTeJIbHO
K reOCTPOI HtleCKOMy BeTpy. AOIIOJIHHTeJIbHbIM AOKa3aTeJIbCTBO11M MOII(HOCTH
HccaegyeMoro HBJIeHHH CJIy}KHT HoCTOHHHOe croxrioe RaHapCKOe TegeHHe,
KoTOpoe H B rJIy6HHy H B IHHpHHy oxBaTblBaeT 3IIa'HITemHble MaccLi Boj
y 6eperoB AIplKH.
BIIeHHH 60.11113 pe30IiaHea II HpOJ[O.1I;1;IITeTbIIOCTb HITOPMOB
go CHX Hop MMI IICCJIeJOBaJIH JIHIHb BbIHy}Kr eHHble KOJIe6aHHH CHCTeMbI.
B HpHpOgHIIX yCJIOBIIBX Ha HHX MOryT Ha.IaraTbCH co6CTBeHHble KoJIe6aHHH
CHCTeMbI, KOTOpMIe, B0061ge ronopn, gOBOJIbHO CHOpO 3aTyxaIOT. HHTepc epeH-
rjHH Me}Kgy BbIHy 4 eHHbIMH H co6CTBeHHIIMH KOJIe6aHHHMH, KaK H3BeCTHO,
HpHBOJ 1IT K BO3HHKHOBeHHio 6HeHHfi: aMHJIIITyJJbI KOJIe6aHIIi3 Heph10J[HtIecHII
H3MeHHIOTCH Me;KJJ;y MaKCHMa.IbHbIMH - B IIytIHOCTHX - H MHHHMaTIbHbIMH -
B y3JIax.
PaccTOHHHe Me;r:Ry coceJ1;HHMI1 y3.1IaMH N, BbIpa}KeHHOe B CyTKax, jo.uK-
HO 6bITb TaluM:
(44)
2w 1-29 sin C?
B Ta6JIHqe IIpHBeROHbI Pe3YJIbTaTbI BbI'IHCJIeHHYI 110 (44). 113 Ta6 1u bI
BHJ(HO,CKOJIbHO CyTOK AOJI;KOH JJ;JIHTbCH HITOpM Me;KAy TAHHMII HITHJIH Ha COOT-
BeTCTBylonI eH IIIHpOTe.
10
15 20
25
30
35
40 45
50
55
N,
CyTI II
1,5
2,4
3,2
4,6
00
6,9
3,5
2,4
2,1 1,2
14HTepedlo, TITO B6JIH3H IIIHPOTbI 30? MOH;HbMe KOJIe6aHHH B MyCCOHHbIX
IIOTOKax MOryT 6bITb BeCbMa Hp OJ;OJI}KHTe3IblIbIbIH, BbI3bIBaH 3JIeCb, y 6eperOB
Ac pHKH, CHJIbIIbIIi BeTep, KoTOpblil HaupaBJleH HpHMepHO BJ{0JIb 6eperoBOli
tlepTM. HagoJIro AMEeT 3aTHrlBaTbcn H HITHJIb, B 1IeM MbI y6eJ[HJIIICb Ha
. CTOJIb ;He HHTepecxo, =ITO B yCJIOBHHX LIepHoro MOPH B IIIIIpOTHOYI
3011e OT 40 go 45? AaIHble HaIIIeil CXOMLI - HpOAoJDT llTeJIbHOCTb IHTOPMOB
OKOJio 3 CyTOK - HaXOJJ;HTCH B OTJIMIHOM COOTBeTCTBIIH C MHOrOtIHCJIeHHbIMH
Ha6JHO eHIIHMII [1]. Hplo6peTaeT C H3II eCKHr3 CMbICJI IIIIIPOKO 113BeCTHaB
MOCTHaH HpHMeTa Hor0J);b& y tlepHOMOpCKHX II a30BCKHX MOplKOB: (teCJIH JIeT-
HHIi CeBepO-BOCTO'IHbIY HITOPM He CTHX K KOHHy TpeTbero AHH, TO OR Hp0-
AJIIiTCH em e TPH J>;HH; eCJIH He CTHX 11 TOPJ1;a, TO 3aTHHOTC31 eH;e Ha 3 ARM).
COIIepIHeHHO OtIeBH HO, 'ITO HapOAHan MYApOCTb yJIOBHJIa 3AOCb 113MCHOHHH
BITOpMOBOro BeTpa MexEgy y3JIaMII 6He1IHli: HOCTOPOHHHe B.ITIIHHHH ,Ierge Beero
MOrYT HpeKpaTHTb KOJIe6aHIin CIICTOMbI IIMeHHO B 3THX y3Jlax, Korga CHCTeMa
o6JIagaeT HaIIMeHbmIeI3 3Heprneli.
BbIBOJ)(bI
1. 11HKJIHgecKaB gaGTOTa Tali Ha3bIBaeMbIx JIHOPI;Ha.`IbHbIX IRo."IC6aHH9
BO3gyffHbIX MaCC, 3aBIICH1L aH OT CHHyCa HIHpOTbI, CTaHOBHTCH paBHOYI tla-
CTOTe KOJIe6aHHH B03MyMaIOH;HX CHJI Ha IIIHPOTO 30?.
2. BJIaropapt pe3oHaHCy, o6eCHetIHBaIOTCH MOIL Hble CyTOTIHble KOJIe6a-
HIH9 HOTOKOB JIOTHer0 MyccOHa y A(pHKaHCKIix 6eperoB ATJIaHTHtlecKoro
oKeaxa.
3. COIIOCTaBJIeHHe KJIIIMaTOJIOr1IYeCKHX KapT - II3o6ap AJIH HIOJIH H CKO-
POCTOIi BeTpa B IICCJIeJyeMblx pailoHax - HOJ1;TBepIKOT OCHOBHble BbIBOAbI
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TeOpIIII II H03BOJIBOT CyA11Tb 0 AOHCTBHTeJIbHbIX 3IIaxieminx AHHaMHgecHOI3
BOCIIpI1HM'IIIBOCTII K0JIe6aTeJIbHOIi CHCTeMbI.
4. I3 COOTBCTCTBHH C TeOpeT1I'4eCKOII CXeMOH B CeBePHOII gIaCTH HCCJIeAye-
Moro paIloHa aTJIaHTIIneCKOrO no6epexcbf Hpeo6JlaAaeT TaHreHAHaJIbHaH CO-
CTaBJINIOII1 fl HOTOKOB, B IO}KHOII M CTH - HOpMaJIbHaH COCTaBJIHIOH[aB no-
TOKOB.
5. IIp11 yAaJICHI1H Ha ceBep OT HapaiiJieJiu 30? TaiireHl[HaJIbxaB CoCTaB-
J1nI01ll;an yMeBbllaeTCH 111eAJIeHHo. HOaTOMy c le yeT C'IHTaTb, MTO BCe CHJIb-
Iible BPTpbl C CyTOIJ11bI11I XOAOM, Ha6JIIoAaeMble y ATJiaHTHtiecnoro n06epexcbn
A(1pIiKII H 'IaCTHIIHO EBpoHbl (IlopTyraJIIIH), npegCTaBJIBIOT coGoii KoJIe-
6JIIou iiecn MycCOHHble HOTOIII, XOTH BO BCeX AOIIHBX rOBOPHTCB JIHHIb
0 ( 0; (9)
Al = const - IIoJIHbifl 3anac BOgbI B 1 CM3. HepBbIK HHTerpajl (7) HMeeT
cMbICJI 6aJlaHea BJIarH. BTOpoi HHTerpaJi (8) o3HanaeT, iITO pa3HOCTb nOBepX-
HOCTHbIX Mace KanJln II JIbJ(HHKH JIHHehHO n3MeHHeTCH Co BpeMeHCM. IlpH
v = 0 ai(t) = al(0) II 113 (8) noJly'IaeTCH o6bliIHan CopMy.la
a9a2 (t) = 2D0ct. (10)
B pa60Te [1] 6bIJI pa3BHT IIpII6JIIDHeIIHbIH McTOA IIHTerpHpOBaHHH CHCTeMbI
J{HC c epeHgnaJIbHbIX ypaBHeIIHI3 IIeperoHKH (3)-(5), cneuIIaJIbIIO IIpHCHO-
co6JIeHHblI3 K TeOpHH 06pa3OBaHHH OCagKOB. AeJIb HaCTOHII[eI3 pa60TbI - JgaTb
HoJIHoe peIIIeHHe 3agazIH o IIepeHa'IKe B cJlyilae MOHOAHCIIepdHOI3 CILCTeMbI Ka-
IIeJIb II $T ep. 3TO pemeHHe IIPHBOAIIT K CyMeCTBeHHOMy yTO'IHeHHIO pe3YJIbTaTOB
pa60TbI [11 H IIO3BOJIHeT AeTaJIbHO onucaTb BeCb xo IIpor ecca IIepeKa'IKH BO
BpeMeHH. TOLIHaH TeopHH, pa3BHBaeMaH HHDKe, IIpHMeHHMa He TOJIbRO IIPH
HCCJIeJ OBaHHH KHHeTHKH eCTeCTBeHHOI3 KpHCTaJIJIH3aJJHH o6JIaHOB, HO H IIpH
pac4eTax KpHCTaJIJIII3aAHH 06JIaKOB B pe3yJlbTaTe HCKyCCTBeHHOFO Bo3geI3-
CTBHH.
HOCKOJIbKy B eCTeCTBeIIHbix yCJIOBIIHX rpaBIITaAHoHHaH KnaryJIHgIIH CTa-
HOBIITCH CymeCTBeH]FIOii TOJIbHO J(JIH J;OCTaTO'IHO 6OJIbIIIHX gaCTHIA 11 CTp. 68,
pHC. 3], a AJIH THIIHiIHO o6JIaiIHbIX uaCTHn pagHyco a 5-10 Et OHa He-
BO3MOHCHa H3-3a 344eKTa JI3HPMIOpa, TO HMeHHO HBJIeHHe IIepeRa'IKH onpe-
geJIHeT 3aHOHOMepHOCTH H3MeHeHHI3 MHKpOCTpyKTypbI cMemaHHoro 06JIaKa
BO BpeMeHH, IIpHileM 3TO OTHOCIITCH KaK K MegiieHHbIM H31%ieHeHHHM, BeJ(yIAHM
K IIepeCTpOIine MHKPOCTpyKTypbl B IIpoi ecce HCH3Hn 06JIaRa, TaII H K 6ypHbIM,
HrpaioERHM pOJIb B IIpoAecce o6pa3OBaHHH ocaJ[KOB.
HavecTBeHHOe HccJIejoBaIIIie HHTerpaJlbnoli KpHBOfi
CIICTeMa ypaBHeHHA (3)-(5) C Ha'laJlbnbIMH YCJIOBHHMH (6) IIpeACTaBJIHeT
co6og 3aAatIy Houni. B cMJIy TeopeMbl eAIIHCTBeHHOCTII pemeiHe 3TOYI 3agaLin
oAHO3HaiIHO onpeJ;eJIHT BCIO KIIHeTHKy IIpoiiecca nepexatIKH. B J;arHOM pa3-
geJIe Mbt HcCJIegyeM IIOBeJ[eHHe HCKOMbIx ())yiiRgnii al(t), a2(t) H c(t), HCXO;AH
H3 Ka'IeCTBeHHOro aIIaJIH3a 3aJ[a'IH HOIIIH npH YCJIOBHII (9).
B CHJIy (6) HMeer:
Al = Cl 3 rtaln,a3 (0).
(4) - (7)
4 aida C$2 !l1 - Cl - 3 icniala.3 - 4 rzn,a,a3
i 2
a0da, al 4 4
1W - c2 - 3 7clllala1- 3 tn2a,a3
(7)
(12)
a, Paz=o = a, (0). (13)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Hepe1JAeM OT
(12) x ypaBHeHHIO B 6e3pa3Meplblx
4 n262 '/, 2
X - 7Z 3 M -C2 , a-'
4 nlal '/, ?,
2
Y = Y (X) HMeeM
dY
d t-
X'72 Y'/'2 _ Q'/z
- a
x'/2 +
y'/2 - 1
(16)
YID=o= A, (17)
2/
(M - ci)
M - c2
a 2
Q1 V2~
(18)
(19)
0 0 npn t < T. (35)
Comaciio (15) ii (31), ono COOTBCTCTByeT X = Xi n Y = 0; y'lTbIBaf (14):
a_ (T) = r i
V~ 4 62uy
3 .31-c2
B cnay (7) c (T) + (JI - c,) 1/X3 = _l1, HTO 1303MOAno JIIIIHb npn
c (T) > c2,
(36)
(37)
TaK i ai: XI < 1. OTCIoga c iegyeT, LITO T < T *. TaicwM oOpa3oM, IIpogecc
nepeiatiHII pa36HBaeTCH Ha ABe cTaann: 1) npoi ecc IIoJIHoro ncnapenIIH Ka-
neJib nepeoxJIa>I eanou SHIIAKOCTII (npoj(oJilKaeTCH B TeTienne BpeMeHII T).
Cae'gonaTeJibno, IIpn BCeX t > T
ai (t) = 0; (38)
2) POCT Jiej(HHbix KpIICTaJIJIOB HpOIICXOAIIT TOJIbHO 3a CWT napa, IIJIOTIIOCTb
KoTOporo yMenbIIIaeTCH OT c (T) j;o c2. BTOpaH CTagg5 OIIncbUBaeTCH cJIe-
jyiolleli CHcTeMOii ypaBHelnii (t > T):
dc
dt = 4,,Dn0a2 (c2 - C),
c2a2 dal dt = D (c - c2)
(39)
(40)
a2 (T) = a2I, (41)
c (T) = cI, (42)
r;Ae a21 H CI II3BOCTHbI II HBJIHIOTCH 3HatIeHnHMn a2 II C B HOHIAe IIepBOli
c raAmi. YpaBHeInn (39) n (40) IBICIOT o'IOBII;AHbIl IIHTerpaJI (t > T):
4 za.2n9a2 = M.
B Konge npogecca (npn t = T*) nMeei:
-~M-c2
a2max 4, 3r62I12
B cIIJIY (36)
(43)
(44)
a2I = Y`~I a2max, L, < X1 < 1 , (4-0)
rl-ke 1XI XapaHTepH3yeT BCJIH'iHHy npiIpOCTa pa3Mepa ae,7,HHOiI gaCTnIAbJ
3a BpeMH neprIoii cTa;Ann.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
gaiiee HaxoAHM
1 a2da2
4,3 t,i2D a3 _ a
2max
(46)
YpasxeHHe (46) AaeT A.iH a2 = a2 (T) HpH T > 0
a a2,,,. - a2
In
~+C=? [11n(1 a2 + 2
a2
2 a2max a_ max
rnax
-V3arctg 1 (2 a2 ?1)1,
V3 a2max
rie HOCTOHHHa5 HHTerpHPOBaHHA C OHpejOJIffeTCSI 143 yCJIOBIIH
a2 (I.,
-1
c Ha5IajIbHbIM ycJIOBHeM (41). Ey[eM oTCUHTbIBaTb BpeMH OT MoMeHTa T:
=t-T. (47)
1 = 4~.n9La2111aS
(48)
(49)
(50)
YTIHTbIBa5I (45), HMeeM
C 2 in (1+YXI+X,) In a2na2n~ax a2T - Y3 arc tg V3 (2Xr + 1)].
(51)
H3 (48) BHAHO, LITO BTOpasl 'IacTb HpoueCCa AJIHTC1 6ecKoHeqHo AOJIro.
3TO o6,biiCHSIeTCH TeM, 'ITO B CHJIy (37) H (39) c(t), Bce BpeMH yMeHbIIIaslcb,
aCHMHTOTH'CCIH HpH6JIH5ICaeTCSI HpH 'L --> oo K c2. IIO Mepe HpH6JIHsKeHHSI c (t)
K C2 CKOPOCTb Hpogecca yMexbIHaeTCSI, Tau Kau HpH 3TOM y6bIBaeT I dC/dt j.
Cor1iacno (40), da?/dt, nponopl[HOHaJlbxasi (c - c2), BO BTOpO1 CTaAHH Bee
BpeMSI yMenbmlaTbcR, 11 pOCT a2 6yAeT 3aMegJl,9Tbcg.
LJIa coKpaiieHHA 3a1HCH BBeAeM ABa HOBbix o603HawleHHSi
a, (T) _ a2max - a2 (T) OC = a2max - a2I (52)
,
a2max p a2max
w (2) = a2
(T) (53)
a
2m ax
B cHJiy (45)
113 (48) II (51) CJIeAyeT:
p (c) - ~~l 1 + Yw (T) + w (~) exp [Y3 arc tg ~Xr + 1-
1+VYI-}-XI Y3
(0 (0) = X1, (54)
0 < XI C w (T) < 1. (55)
a (T) = ocoe-rT p (T),
- are tg 2 yw (T) + 1
y3
(56)
(57)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HIIHeTxxa xpuCTaJIJIH3awul o6.naioa 845
exp [1/3 (aretg2V'y3 ) I ,aeMci, zrro ooa
JiblIIOJIIIHIOTCa npll vcJIOBIIII
0,65;'beMy> npeJioMJIHIOH;ek rpaHHI;bI.
(DopMyJla (1) noJlyilena nyTeM npeo6pa3oBan1H ypaBHeHHH nouepe'IHoro rogorpac])a
npeiioMneHHbIX BOJIH [2, 8].
Houle HcKJIIOi1en1H Ho, copMyJIa (1) npHHHMaeT BIiA:
H=(t-to) vI-
cos i
-V1-sin2cpsin2wR}tgi+Ii ,, (2)
rAe Hao - ruIy6HHa npeJIOMJIHIOII;el rpaHHubl B To0IKe x = 0 - npoeiCI;IIH nyHKTa B3pbI-
Ba Ha JlnHnlo npocf HJIH;to-3Hailenne BpeMeHH npnxoga npeJIOMJIeHHOII BOJIHM B TotlKy x=0.
BeJIHiIHHy yriia q) HaKJIOHa npeJIOMJIHIOIIjeil rpaHHny, BXOAHII;YlO B c]IOpMyJIy (1) IIJIH
(2), MOxc1IO onpegeJIHTb HO c opMyJle [2]:
VI dt0
cool dxo '
rAe dto/dxo - BeJIII'InHa, paBHaii yrJIOBOMy Ko3()cIHI;HeRTy KacaTeJibHOli K nonepeYHOMy
ro orpac y npeJIOMJIeHHbIX BOJIH, IIpOBeAeHHaH B TO`IKe nPOeRI;H1 nyHKTa B3paIBa.
RaR yxa3bIBaJlOCb B pa6oTe [8], BbI0IHCJIHeMuli yroJI HaRJIOHa B 3TOM CJiyilae npH (ORR<
0,8 [8].
TanHM o6paaoM, a3HMyTanbHOe oTKJIoaeHHe JIHB~ nonepe'inoro npo~HnH oTHOCH-
TeJIbHO HanpaBneHHH lPOCTHpaHHH IIpenoIJIHion;ei rpanHir& He BHOCHT c1oJmKo-HH6yAb-
saMeTHbix Hcxa neHHH B nnocxy o 4lopMy rpamnw paaAeaa. AHanHa 4lopMyJIIi (15) noxa-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
Q 19 20 3,0 40 5DfrM
525 500 4511 400 300 2511 200 150 rD 7 5 D -50
35
e /X D~65/X15p+
'onnXI11+6D If llp 211/11/9 + +1111 0 .Dp2D1XBD+~351X121+80 _ up2 1?!401Xf2311+50+ 0 - 17fi201X37+50
IY /8/X107+00 p701120+B0 D ~flXHB+DO llp. BnY>i7+70 D 61X111+50 H IBB p51X10B+00 n
112+
B ~ 5
0
1
l
'
f Gr2
cAHr. 8. ConocTaaxeaae abigacneauMax B 4exTHBHbtX rny6aa B TOgHax nepecegeanx nonepegrJX npo Hied c npoponbHbIM
npoHneM N 20
I - nepeoeveane npoiHneO; 2 - CTMeTHH rny6HH (H) Ha nepeceveanB npo~nnet npoAwlbHOro C nonepevHb1M; 3 - BpenoMna[o14He Cei%CMHVeeKHe-
ropHaolTbi, 000Tpoennble no rogorpa~aM nonHw cBCTeM Ha6n[oAennA; Hap ropnaonroM - npnanrag cnopOCTb B nonpuBalom{eB cpeAe (T), nou ropH-
9OHTOM - rpaHH9HBB CHOPOCTb(vr); 4 - npen0M1InI0u1$ ropnaofT, nocTpoeaHbla 110 neyBepenlbiM ronorpa()aM;6 - npen0MnBI0H 1 ropB3oHT, 110
CTpoeHablk no 0A11H0VH0My roAorpa1y
59
/f
'2888
"C?
870 V=2910_ C -
#H4050 .~ V=9000M/eWr V=3800M/cam.
Y=2920MR' V84908 -`r 20N Va`'~ y= 7 -. -.- --.
5/ =31 iNL~i dN=9 358
7
MM
~Jp fl JS75
3
Vg
liii 35 /1=3 775
-
e
/1
.3 N=8715 Yi.L8fW cnt
l8?4550 -
-100 -1511 -200 -258
-358
n Il1450 n.64Xur O+OD lip wl=Y4/, 1p /r 7 11+DD 1 ~H 1450
~o7 /n9 1c/1#117//6r7B1/=163D 1D. 28//440D1 p281(28! 50 _ 425
-400 -4J5
11 .5111(238
i np2811391+89
Y8=6 D
9. COIIOCTBBxeBae b1g41CIIeHHbI% 31eHTHBHbIX rny6xH B Togleax nepecegeHHB aonepegxbIX npol~axeH C npoAOnbfbiM np0 lfHOM NI 3
B~
]_5 eM (j)n1. 8
P
111X155+OD 24DY103+DD
?
11
ZQ~,gq?+pp p/X29 11?10/X ~ 1111(247+,f0 .ZD/XZIB+BB 201X131+0
V`7930eXV=19511 _.
201X!75+110
20115117+110 0 ZBrX4BZ+88 7Q787X - - V=79611
-? _
.~s.,.~..M.. - ~~~~ ~~,~~ ~.~-,:~snar, ?~ ~?
=~ ~c~ Ya=3980-~ Y2=330
-ux v
'- 0 . Hi3070 V conro
u2p--98751 /1?20N=9870 1.7N=3750 Z8N-1540 R2DN=1500 R20N=1540 0?20N-1305 110.20 //r1880 p
N -
_v=2B60~1 cen
-Yr45504600-
Jnr 1,0 /Jp.3/X2Z0
388 358
V=IJ Un~cs ~, ,_i_j~Y nacn r ca~unLrt~_
;M.T ? ?~ ? ?- ? -v:~~iwa -vz v T _
nn ~' K = -v=1L7db7c w=,'IFinp
113 (u,77qqu up. LU "-'(L
Y-2950 M/09X '~?ZOH'4875 v=2950M/CON
Ye=410 Ye=4/BO
400
tu1
458
35N=1150
0? 3N=1290
1p..32//=f160 ?1p.3JH=1175.
lipJ1k1275 1.31 1166
Op32H,W8
np.3 N=3560
1p.33N=3575
p. 3/1=35/10
V=J240M cer
Ye=6450-
200 250
G.b~H,1435\1~89H=f025 r2=JSDD
. nn u-ionc
-8811
450
-l
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
OIIpej;enenne rny6HH H peabela 861
aMBaeT, 'ITo Ha m me AH 0 Bj{oJIb allmm IIepneuAHxyn ipa x H3orHyTOCTb rpaHHW
paaj{ena IIpH cpaBHHTeabao ManMx yrnax HaxaoHa BIIaj;HHM IIpoMeHCyTO'IHOH 30HM He
BHOOHT Hcxa?KeH'HH B 4)opMy rpazHimi paajSena B a0He BLixO a. CneAoBaTenbHo, xpHBOnH-
HeHHaH 4opMa IIocTpoeunoro paapeaa no IIonepemoMy rOAorpa$y upeaoMnenHMx? BoJH
o6ycJOBneHa xapaRTepoM penbe a npe Iomanjoi(ei rpaHHI(Si B aoxe BLixoAa ceHCMH'IecxHx
ny'Iei.
Hpwwepbi aIcduepHMeHTaabablx j{aHw.lx
HpHBeAeM HpHMepbl onpegenenHH O44eKTHBHbix rny6H.H H penbe~a IIpeaoMnroIgeH
rpaaHi ai no Ha6nIoAeaabit IIonepeiffi.M roAorpal lam npenoMneHHbix BOJH IIpH paaBeAKe
[IaranTexoH CTpyKTypbl.
RpH Bbi6ope HanpasneHHA opHenTai;HH IIOIIepe'IHMX IIpo(Hnei IIpHHHMaJIHCI BO BHH-
ManHe c iej{yion(He 4aKTOpbi: a) IIpocTHpaHHe 0C131OBHOH CKuag4aTOCTH j;annoro paHoaa;
6) xapaxrep rpaBHTa$Honnoro IIons.
Hocnej(HHH BbITexaeT H3 ycxaHOBJIeaaOH AJIK MHorHx pagonoB aaUaj;HOH'IaCTH Cpe--
HeH A3HH onpeAeaeHHOH aaKOHOMepHOCTH B IIpOCTHpaHHH Meaonajle03OACKHx cTpyiTyp
c IInaHOM rpaBHTag1OHHOro IIOnH [10]. B COOTBOTCTBHH C OTEM IIonepeLlHbie IIp0~Hnn pac-
nozaranHCb BKpeCT HanpaBJIeHHIO IIpOCTHpaHan OCHOBHOH KoueTj{arcKOH cKnaj(RaTOCTH
Ii IIepnefAzxvimpao oCHOBHOMy HaiipaBneHHIO H3aHOMan cHJIM THHCeCTH. Ha6nioj(eHHn Ha
zIouepeHHbis HPO4HJIsix npOBOj;HnHCb no cHCTeMe HaroHHioIQax roj;orpa4OB [ii].
NM -
DHr. 7. Ha6JnoAeHHMe roj1000.%AHx a 6 0 B M. M. BM6op cpeAHHx cxopocTea IIpH oupeAeJieHHH 94$eKTRBHMa
rJIy6HH no OAHHO'1HMM IIonepegHMM roAorpa4laM IIpeJIOMJxeHHMx BOJIH. NaB. AH CCCP,
cep. reo~xa., N 7, 1960.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
H3BECTHfi AKA IJEMHH HAYK CCCP
M. M. PAAH{ABOB
BbIBOP CPEAHHX CROPOCTER IIPH OIIPEAEEJIEHHH 34D4DEKTHBHbIX
FJIYBHH no OAHHOHHMM IIOIIEPEqHbIM FOAOPPAGAM
IIPEJIOMJIEHHbIX BOJIH
B08MOH(HOCTb onpeAenenni penbe4 a rpanHi z paaAeaa no oAHHOmmM nonepeemaw
roAorpaoai UpenoMneHHUX Bona nyTeM Buescnenax ray6HH H B aone BuxoAa paccMaTpH-
Haaacb B pa6oTe [1].
(DopMyna Aafi OnpeAeneHHH a44 exTHBHkIx ray6HH IIpH aaAaaH,x aHatIeHHHx cxo-
pOCTeH B IIoxpMBalOII,e TOAIge vl H B IIpeaoMnHIOIIteM CJIOe vr, noay*ieHHag B yxa3aHHOSI
pa6oTe, HMeeT cneAyiol(HH BHA:
H vl [(t- -) - R (~1 + \ x /2 toss (aresin vl at0?/ -0,5/J , (1)
= cos i 2 v R cos ids
rAe t - BpeMH IIpxxOAa npeJOMJieHROi BOJIHM B TO'IKy X JIHHHH naoJIIOAeHHH; to - BpeMR,
IIpHxoAa BOJHM B TOinfy x = 0 - npoexitnn IIyHKTa B3pMBa Ha aHHHIo IIpo4BJIH; dto/dxo -
BeaH*mHa, paBHag yrnOBOMy Koa44HI;neHTy KacaTeabHOH K nonepe'ino iy roAorpa4y IIpe-
aOMneHHMx BOJIH, IIpoae eHHan B TogKe npoenl;HH IIyHKTa B3pMBa; X - paCCTOHHHe no.
VI
nepneHAHxynapy; i = aresin -- npeAeJIbHMH yroa.
Dr
(DopMyna (1) cTporo cnpaBeAanBaa B Cay'ae npHMoro nonepeqHoro npO#JIH, opxeHTH-
pOBaHHOrO BKpeCT HanpaBaemno npoCTHpaHHH IIJIOCROH HaxaOHHOH npenoMauIOn;eH rpa-
HHItM (WR = 0).
IIpH IIpOH8BOauHOM pacnoa0HteHHH JIHHHH IIpO~Hag OTHOCHTenbHO HanpaBaeHnK IIpo-
CTHpaHHH rpanngi paaAeaa (WR 0) BHa*ieHHH a44eRTHBHMx ray6Ha no (]IopMyae (1)
onpeAeagIOTCH C norpemHOCTLIO. FJIaBHaH 4aCTb omm61H B ATOM caytae BHOCHTCH BeJIH*in-
noi AH, ROTOpaf HBageTeR pa3HOCTMO ray6HH rpaHHIW paaAeaa IIOA IIyRRTOM B3pMBa H B
TO*Ixe x = 0 nonepetinoro IIpo4HnH.
B pa6oTe [1] noKa3aHO,'ITO IIpH W R 30? vI R
R , T < 150, v X0,8, R 1000 .u
r
n AH 1: cnegOBaTenbno, npH6nHxceHHe reoMeTpHtlecxon 0IITH1H Heenpa-
BeAnHBo. IIonbayncb (])opMynofi JianbHOCTH [5] (P 1/r'), HaxOJ(HM dmax = 130 .w (CM.
npano EeH1e). Tamara o6paaoM, onpegeneuHe TOnn{HH m a J;o 100 M. pagHOnoxarWoHHMM
MBTOJ{OM BIIOnHe B03MOMIHO.
Aim OIIpeJ;eneHHB MOIQHOCTH neAOBoro IIOHpOBa MO1EBO HCIIOnbaoBaTB H J{pyrre pa-
JSHOMeTOAM - HaupnMep, IIpHMeHHTb paAHOanbTHMeTp c 'eaCTOTHOi MOJrynxttHefi.
IIornou[eHHe pagHOBOfH JILAOM cynSeCTBeHHO aaBHCHT OT erO TeMIIepaTypm [1]. B pac-
CMaTpHBaeMOM JSHaUa3OHe gaCTOT (107-1010 elf) c IIOBMmeHHeM TemuepaTypm tg 6 MOHO-
TOHHO BoapaCTaeT. C OJ;HOi CTOpOHH, 3T0 06CTOBTenbCTBO II03BOnHeT CJI flTb C IIOMOILSbIO
paAHOMeTOAOB as H8MeaeHHHMH B TemnepaTypaOM peBlHMe rny6HHHHx CnoeB neJ;HHxa, He-
JZOCTy1HHX HeIIOCpCACTBeHHOMy Ha6moAeHH1o. C J;pyrofi cTOpoHH, BTO HeJ{OCTaTOR McToga:
He aHag pacnpeJ{eneHHH TeeuepaTyp no Beek rny6BHe 3OHJ;HpyeMOrO c iOB, HenbaH TO'HO
H3MepHTb erO TOJIIIIHHy, oco6eHHo IIpH TeMIIepaType, 6nH3lOg x 0?, oorga aTa TeMIIepaTyp-
HaB 3aBHCHMOCTb HaH6onee Hpoo BMpaReHa.
Boi a CHnbHO nornoii[aeT pagHOBOJIHH, II03TOMy ManeEm ie c iej[H ee peaoo CHHHtabOT
MaxCHManbHMi IIpeJ;en H3MepeHHH TOnII{HH dmax? Ho, c gpyroa cTOpoHH, CTOnb peaxoe
H8MeHeHHe tg 8 MOM(eT IIOCnyMIHTb AnH o6Hapyn{eHHH l JaaoBHx nepexoJ;oB neg - BOJ(a B
rny6HHe neJ{HHxa. IIoMeCTBB B TOnnjy ju. a (B JI14 HHy Him negHHH) McTannH'Iecxlf
npeJ;MeT, MOMfHO no IIOCnegyioukeMy nepegBH1HeHHIO 8TOro npeAMera OTHOCHTenbHO IIepe--
Hefi x aaj;Hefi nOBepXHOCTei is a cyAHTb 0 npoiieccax TaHHBH H naMepaaHHH nbJ;a, a
Taxsxe o J[BHMfeHHH rny6HHnMx CJIOeB neJ;HHxa.
B paHoEax BeYmofi Mep3JIOTM BOJSa B IIO'IBe npHCyTCTByeT B BHJ;e cnoMmoro xOHrnoMe-
paTa paa iwinbix (kopM (CBo6ogHax BoJ{a, agcop6HpoBannaH BOAa, neg). IIpeAcTasnno 6m
HHTepeC HCCneJSOBaTb CBHab rny6HBM IIpOMep3aHH8 IIo'BM C ee aneRTPHgeCIHMH CBOHCTBaMH
B JSHana3OHe CaBTBMeTpOBHx BOJH.
B 8axniogeHHe enegyeT no IepHHyTb BaH(HOCTb H3MepeHHH tg 8 is a B JSHana3oHe
gaCTOT 109-1010 Elf IIpH paanHIIHMx Tel uepaTypax m: J{aBneHHnx. TonbnO Taooe aHCIIepH-
McHTaabHOe HCCneJ;OBaHHe MOM(eT BHHCHHTb peanbHie B03MOMfHOOTH xax paJSHOaonJ{HpO-
BaHHH neJSHHHx TOniin, Tax H paAHOCnexTPOCxOIIHH BOJ{M H n}J(a B Hx pa3JIH'HMx (DopMax.
IIOCTyunna-
26.XII 1957
HPHAO7EEHHE
Pacger dmax'Ha B 0 n H 0 ), =10c.w IIpH t=-15?. 14exogHae J;aHHHe: tgS=
= 7.10-', P = 108 em, Prec = 5.10-19 em, h = 100 At, enegsbt = 6. Ocna6nenne BO nbJ;y
-21T V tg Ex
W = Woe X? . Orpan eoHn na rpaHHnax: R = 0,02.
PacceHHHe aHeprHH. IInoTHOCTb aaeprHH y rpaHm i neg - noqBa: 71 = P / 4i (h + d)2.
aDoeoTHBHan OTpaxcaloulax nnOiI;aJLb 3Tofi rpaHHnHoe fOBepXHOCTH (nJIOII;aJ{b QI;enBN)
S. nopRJtxa StD/ 4, rJSe S, - nnou[agi6 nepBoii 8oHM (peneim. 3HeprHH, nonygaeMax
IIpieMHHHOM:
P?SaHT?Sit -CnyextgS
P1= 47c--(d+h)4 e
rge SaHr - 44eKTHBHan nnomaJ(b alTCHHM.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IlpxpaBHHBaa ee T1yBCTBHTe1xbHOCTH npxemaxxa Prec' aaxoAum:
dmax =
e In P SasT XR z 130.4t.
47c/ ve tg b Pre. 770 (d -}- h)3)
P a c q e T dmax a a B o a a e 3 cm. 14exojHbie AaaHbie Te sae, qTO a B npeAblAy-
u eM npamepe. AnTeaaa - napa6onoHA c AaameTpom D = 5 m. BOJIHOBOl3 napameTp
]I X (d {- h)
D 1, T. e, cnpaaeA7Inna reoMeTpwlecxaa onTaxa a cooTBercTBeHao:
dmax = C In PR z 70 .st.
47c/ y e tg b PL.ec
Ho HaMepeaaam [4] tg b = 2.10-4, TorAa dmax = 200 n.
1. E d e r F. Das Elektrische Verhalten von Eis. Ann. Phys., Bd. 1, H 7-8, 1947.
2. B u r r o w C h., A t t w o o d S. Radio wave propagation, New York, 1949.
3. C u m m i n g W. The dielectric properties of ice and snow at 3,2 cm. J. Appl. Phys.,
23, 1952.
4. L a m b J. Measurements of the dielectrie properties of ice. Trans. Faraday Soc., 42 A,
1946.
5. C a B e p c A. II., C y c .n 0 B H. A. OCHOBbl paAno.noxauna. I43A. COB. paAao,
1956.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1I3BECTH JI AKA)AEMIIH HAYK CCCP
OB H3MEPEHIIH PAZ[IIAUHOHHOI'O BAJIAHCA MOPJI B CYAOBMX
YCJIOBHHX
XOTH MOp$I H oxeam,i 3aHKMaIOT 6onbmyio 'IaCTb HOBepXHOCTH 3eMHoro mapa, ax pa-
AHauuHOHHbiH peHmM H3y'eH COBepmeHHO HeJ;OCTaTO'IHO. OAHa Ha IIpH'mH BTOrO 06yCJIOB-
neHa TpyJ;HOCTHMH HaMepeHHH paJl,HagnOHHOro 6anaHca H ero COCTaBJIrnOIISH% B CYJ{OBUUX
ycnOBHH%. HMeHHO II03TOMY BOIIPOCII McTOJIHRH MO CHHX a KTHHOMeTp1LIeCKHX HaMepeHHH
npHBJlexalOT x ce6e Bee 6onbmee BimManHe [1-41.
Hau6on6man TpyA]3[OCTb HaMepeHHH paJ{HaqHonxoro 6aaaaca BO9HOR HOBep%HOCTK
COCTOHT B Heo6xOAHMOCTH YCTpaHeHHI BnHHHHH xopnyca CYJSHa Ha peaynbTaTbi HaMepeHHH.
IIpeJ[naraeibii E. (D. Ba6eHnOBbiM [1] McTOA upeo o ieHHH aTOH TpyJ{HOCTH ocHOBaH
Ha HCIIOnb3oBaHHH WITH O)HOCTOpOHHHX 6aaaHCOMepoB, OJSHH H3 KOTOpbIX yCTaHaBnH-
BaeTCH rOpH3OHTanbHO Ha XOJ{OBOM MOCTHKe, a 'IeTLipe - BepTHKanbHO Ha 6yFmIIpHTe,
xopMe H no 6opTaM cyAHa. TaKHM 06pa3OM, Ha IIpHeMHbie HOBepXHOCTH 6anaHCOMepoB He
uouaJSaeT pagHai];KH or xopnyca cyAHa. BepTHxanbHbie 6anaHcoMepbi, o6pau eHHHe IIpHeM-
HbIMH IIOBepXHOCTHMH B IIpOTHBOIOJIOHmbie CTOpOHM, COeJIHnHIOTCH IIOCneJ{OBaTenbHO.
RanSJ{aH napa 6anancoMepOB IIpHHHMaeT paccenHHyIO paJSHagmo Co BCerO He6OCBOJ{a H OT-
pantenayio - C IIOBepXHOCTH MOpH. IIpn 3TOM IIpeJ{nonaraeTCH, -ITO npx%OJ{ AJIHHHOBOnno-
BOH H KOpOTKOBOJIHOB0a paJ(Hai;nH x xanc o nape 6aaancoMepon OT He6a H MOPH He 3a-
BHCHT OT pacnpeJSeaeHnH HPKOCTH IIO He60CBOAy H no nOBePXHOCTH MOpH. Ha OCHOBaHHH
aTOrO npeJlnoaonfeHHH JIaeTCH McTOJI paC'feTa COCTBBnrIOII nX paj(HaI(HOHHoro 6anauca
MOpH.
XOTH npeJ{naraeni E. (D. Ba6eHKwBbin MCTOJ; HBnHeTCH, Ha uepBbIu B3rJHJj, O'IeHb
3aMaH'mBbiM, Ha CaMOM Aene oCHOBHbie IIpegnmolxeHnn, ne RanSHe B OCHOBe ero, HeBepHbl.
Ilenb HaCTOHII;ea CTaTbH COCTOHT B TOM, 'ITo6bi noaaaam BTO, KCIIOn63yH HMCIOU HeCa B
HameM pacuopr neHnH COOTBCTCTBYIOn[He axcuepnMenTanbHbie JIaHHHe.
PaCCMOTpHM, B KaKOH CTeneHH MonceT BMHOJIHHTbCH IIpegnononieHHe 06 OJ;HHaKOBOCTH
paJ(Hai nonnoro penlHMa COBOKYIIHOCTH ABYX npOTHBOIIOJIO]BHO opneHTHpOBaHHbix BepTK-
KanbHNX IIOBepxHOCTeH H rOpK3OHTan6HOH HOBepXHOCTH gJIH OTJ[CnbHMX COCTBBJIJIIOMHX
paAHaILHOHHOrO 6aaaHca (KCxnIO'IaH COJIHe'IHyio pagHagHio) n pagHai ounoro 6aaanca B
IjenOM. 3TO npeJlnoaonfeaue 6yJ{eT cnpaBe) JIHBO, eCnn none paj{HagHH HaoTponHo. 110-
3TOMy rnaBHOH IIpwmHOH HapymeHKa BTOrO IIpegnojio1KeHHH HBnHeTCH HeH30TPOIIHOCTb
HOAR P8J(HBISHH B peanbHbIX yCJIOBHHx. Ha'iHeM C aHaJH3a pe3ynbTaTOB, KacaIon1HxcR HO-
pOTxOBOJIHOBOH pacceHHHOH II oTpaxcennoH paJ{nai;HK npH 6eao6na*IHOM He6e.
C ienaIo BHHCHeHHH IIOCTasnenHoro Bonpoca 6bxJK BMIIOJIHeHbi pac'iemi IIOTOKOB pac-
CenHuo i K OTpa neHHOH OT MOPH paAHai;KH Ha paa rn o opKeHTHposaHHbie BepTHxanbHLTe
nOBep%HOCTH. IIoTOxH pacceHHHoH (DB) H oTpaneanoi (r3) paJ;HagHH BbimcnHJIHCb no
41opMyae:
n/2
D. - d~ S I (h4) cos i cos hdh,
0 0
rJ;e I (h,4) - HKTeHCHBHOCTL paJ{HaiiHH B HanpasneHHH, oupeJ{eaReMOM xoopgHHaTaMK h
it ~; i - yron uaJ{eHHH paJSHaIIHH.
Aim BH'ICneHHH HcnonbaoBanncb Jeannie K3MepeHHH yrnosoro pacnpeJ(eneHHH HH-
TeHCHBHOCTH pacceaHHoH paJ;HaunH, uoJIy*ieHHbie B Rapaj{are B 1956 r. YrnoBoe pacnpe-
J[eaeHHe HHTeHCHBHOCTH OTpameHHOH paJ{Hai;HH OT HOBepXHOCTH MOPH Bbi'mCJIeHO c IIO-
MOW'bbIO (opMynbi mpeaeiiH no a3MepeHaoMy noni0 pacceJIHuOH paJ{HaiWH npH 6eao6na'moM
He6e.
B Ta6a. 1, 2 npnnegenbi Benu'InH& oTHOCKTenbubix noroxoB pacceanHoH (DB/Dr) it
oTpanfeHHoa (rB/rF) pagHai nn Ha pa3nK'IHO opaeHTHposaHHSIe Bepmnanbabie noBepx-
HOCTH ARK pa3JH'IHEJX BLICOT co rnna h0 npn 6eao6na'rHOM He6e (Dr - nOTOK paccelHHoii
pagna>xna Ha rOPH30HTan6HYKi IIOBepxHOCTb). A3HMyT c1/B HOpMaim K IIOBepXHOCTK OT-
C'IKTbiBaeTCH OT a314MYTa COJIHga.
H3 Ta6n. 1, 2 BHJ;HO, 'rro IIpnxo pacceaHHOl H OTpameHHOH pagHaqHH K BepTHKanb-
HUIM IIOBepXHOCTHM Cy1{eCTBOHHO 3aBnCHT OT opneHTaIinH IIOBCpXHOCTOH OTHOCKTenbHO
COJIHr a. Jena HeKOTOPMx OpHeHTaI;KH HOBepXHOCTH H3OTPOIIHOe IIpH6JIHHfeHHe J;aeT aHa-
mrennHyIO omH6Ky, oCo6eHHO npH He6oJIamHX BUICOTax COJIHiXa. Ho pacC'fTaHHbiM OTHO-
CHTenbHbiM BenH'mHaM H H3MepeHHbIM IIOTOKaM paccemmoft H OTpaweHHOH paJ{HaI];HH Ha
rOpH30HTaJILHYIO IIOBepXHOCTb OIIpeJ[eJIeHbi IIOTOKH pacceaaaoH H OTpa)K HHO>'I paJ{HaIJHH
Ha BePTHxanbRaIe IIOBepXHOCTH B Ica.2/CA42.4 uh. Ho IIOny4eHHhIM J;BHHbIM Bbi'mCneHbi OyMMbI
IIOTOKOB paCCeHHHOH H OTpasieHHOH paJ(HagHH Ha.J{Be BePTHKanbHb1C IIPOTHBOIIOJIOH{HO Ha-
upaBJleHHbie nOBepxHOCTH. Ana TaKHX CYMM 3aBHCHMOCTb npHxoJ{a pagHan;HH OT opHeHTa-
I1In IIOBepXHOCTea HeCKOnbMO crnanrnBaeTCH (Ta6n. 3).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
0
\
45
90
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270
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0,50
0
068
10
1,28
1,25
0,54
0,38
0,51
0,41
0,60
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,
(156,0)
(150,0)
(8,0)
(-24,0)
(2,0)
(-18,0)
(20,0)
(160,0)
0,50
0
125
45
0,90
0,69
0,37
0,28
0,26
0,32
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0,76
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0,23
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H P H M e 4 a H H e. FB cxo6xax JIauI,I nonpaBRH (B %) K HaOTpOHHOMy IIpH6JIHHte-
HHIO, T. e. OTKJIOHOHHH Be7IH'IHH OTHOCHTeJJLHLxx IIOTOKOB pagHaI[HH, p8CCzIHTaHBMx no
yr.iOBOMy pacHpeAeaeHHIo HHTeHCHBHOCTH pacCeRHHOH p8I WaUHH, OT BeJIHi1HH, paCC4H-
TaHHMx in HaOTpOnHOH pacceHHHOH pajinax[HH no 4IOpMyJIe D13=Dr-cos2a/2 (rae a-
yroa HaxnoHa noBepxaocTH x ropHaouTy; HHJ{exc cr) oaaaxiaeT, tITO paccMaTpasaeMaa
BeJIH4HHa OTHOCHTCH K rOpH3oHTaJILHOH nOBepxHOCTH; a8BMyT (Il OTCiIHTLIBaeTCH OT Ha-
npaBJIeBHB na COJIHAe) [5].
~
ye
0
45
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135
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h0
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0,70
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0,53
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,
(246,0)
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(0,0)
(6,0)
(54,0)
(194,0)
0,50
029
0
45
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0,91
0,56
0,44
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0,99
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(-20,0)
(14,0)
(98,0)
0,50
0
040
66
0,70
0,58
0,48
0,43
0,38
0,36
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0,66
,
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(16,0)
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(-14,0)
(-24,0)
(-28,0)1
(-6,0)
(32,0)
2DB +2rB,
xaAlcMl ? Mum
0
265
230
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0
172
240
0
0,132
,
(101,0)
,
(74,0)
,
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154
0,189
0,164
0,130
0,172
,
(22,7)
(7,0)
(-15,6)
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280
0
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0,192
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n p H M e iI a H H e. B CK06xax J{aHLi nonpaBKH (B %) x H30TPOIIHOMy npH6JIHxceHHlo
BLIgHCJIeHHLie no yr3IOBOMy pacnpegeJxeHHIO HHTeHCHBHOCTH paAHagHH. 8TH Hie r n ip& xa-
paRTep83yIoT BeIIH'IHHL& 0TKJaoHeHHH CyMMLI IIOTOKOB paCCeRHHOH B OTpameHHO1 paRHai nH
Ha j{BO BepTHKaJLHLie IIpOTHBOII0JIOMHO nanpan ieun ie IIOBepXHOCTH OT CyMMLI 9THX IIOTO-
KOB Ha rOpHaOHTa3ILHyIO IIOBepxROCTL (no H3OTpOIIHOMy IIpH6IIHHCeHHIo DB=0,5 Dr,
rB=O,5rr. CYMMa HOTOKOB Ha yBe BOpTHK3IILHMe IIOBepXHOCTH paBHa CyMMe IIOTOKOB Ha
ropH3OHTanIHyio noBepxnocTL: 2 (DB+r$)=Dr+rr).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
113Mepexne paAHagxoHHoro 6anaHca Mopes 877
JIHmb Ans IIOBepxHOcTea, opneHTHpoBaHHMX no a3nMyTaM 45+225? H 135+315?,
upHXOA pajHaqHH oxaaMMBaeTCH H09TH oAHHaxOBMIM, 'ITO 06'bHCHHeTCH cHMMeTpn'IHbIM pac-
nojiomeHneM o6enx nap HoBepxHOCTefi OTHOCHTenhHO ConHiia.
AJIH HOBepxHoCTeA, opHeHTHpoBaHHblx no aaHMyTaM 0+180? H 90-270?, Ha6nIOAaIOTcK
$ax60nbmIe pa3JIH'IHa B IIpHXOAe pacceHHHOfi H OTpa)K HHOA paAHagHH.
Kai BHAHO H3 Ta6JI. 3, IIpeAIIOnoHieHne 0 TOM, 'ITO ABe BepTHxanbHMe HoBepxHOCTH,
upHHHMaIOII(He paAHai io Co BCefi Honyc(epM, IIony'IaiOT pacceHHHOfi H oTpameHHoi pa-
,AHaI(Hn CTOnbHO Hie, CHO ILKO IIpHxOAHT Ha ropH30HTanbHyIO IIOBepxHOCTb, Aanexo He BbI-
no iwieTCH, oco6eHHO IIpH MaJmix BbICOTax COJIHua.
Ta1HM o6pa3oM, HeJIb3H C'IHTaTb, 'ITO IIpH JII06oM no io ueHHH Kopnyca CyAHa no OT-
HomeHmo x ConHI{y HpnxoA pacceHHHOH H OTpa3KeHHOfi paAHaAHH Ha ABe napbl 6ananco-
MepOB 6yAeT oAHHaxoBNM H paBHNM IIpHxOAy Ha ropH3OHTanbHyIO IIOBepXHOCTb. 3T0 MO-
ZKeT 6MT16 CIIpaB JIHBMM JIHmb Ang cny4an CIIJIomHo HenpocBeHBalougefi o6JIa'IHOCTH,
norAa npnxoA pacceBHHOH paAHaI;HH Ha BepTHxanbHyIO uoBepxHOCTb He 3aBHCHT OT ee
OpHeHTauHH H COCTaBJIHeT IIpHMepHO HOJIOBHHy IIOToRa pajHagHH Ha ropH30HTaJI16HyIO no-
BepXHOCTb [5].
RnH IIOTOROB AIHHHOBOIHOBoro H3ny'eHHH aTMoC4epM H IIOBepXHOCTH MOpH He
AOn5KHO 6MITb aaBHCHMOCTH CyMMbi 3THX IIOTOKOB Ha ABe BepTHxanbHble IIOBepxHOCTh OT
OpneHTaiHH IIOBepXHOCTefi, nocKOnbKy HHTeHCHBHOCTb IIp0THBOH3ny'IeHHH aTMOC4 epbI He
3aBHCHT OT a3HMyTanbHOrO yrna (HMeJOTCH B BHAy Cny'IaH SICHoro He6a H cn iomHofi o6na*i-
HOCTn). OAHaRO paC'IeTbi IIOxa3bIBaIOT, 'ITO CyMMa a(])(])eJTHBHorO n3JIy'IeHHH AByx BepTH-
xaJlbHblx IIpOTHBOIIOJIOHIHO HanpaBJIeHHbix IIOBepXHOCTefi He paBHa 34 eKTRBHOMy H3-
Jiy'IeHHI0 ropH30HTaJIbHoK IIOBepxHOCTH. AJIH AByx 3Ha'IeHHfi o6njero coAepxiaHHH BOAH-
noro napa B aTMOC4)epe w,,. = 1,0 H 4,0 2/C.U2 6binH Blii'mcaeHbi OTHOCnTeJn m,ie BeJIH'mHbl
844eRTHBHOrO H3nyHeHHH BepTHKaJIbHOfi IIoBepXROCTH (FB/Fr) IIpH 6e3o6na'moM He6e n
ycnoBnn paseHCTBa TeMnepaTyp ropH30HTaJmnofi n BepTHKanbHol3 noBepxnOCTeA:
WOO FB/Fr
1,0 2/c.42 0,42
4,0 * 0,35
DoeRTHBHOe H3JIy'IeHHe AByx BepTHKanbHbix IIOBepxHOCTefi 6yAeT OTJIH'IaTbCH OT
8(]4eRTHBHorO H3JIy'ieHHH ropH3OHTaJIbHOg IIOBepxHOCTH IIpH w,"'= 1,0 2/CM2 Ha 15% H
IIpH w..= 4,0 2/c 2 - Ha 30%. HaK BHAHO, B pe3y iiTaTe aHH3OTponHO0TH a(geKTHBHOrO
H3ny'1eHHH cyMMapxoe 3(4eITHBHOe H3ny'IeHHe AByX BepTHxanbHbix IIpOTHBOnonOHiaO
?OpHeHTHpoBaHHbix IIOBepxHOCTefi MOHieT 3aMeTHO OTJIH'1aTbCH OT 3(t4eKTHBHOro H3JIy'IeHHH
rOpH3oHTanbHOfi IIOBepxHOCTH.
)Jai oieHI(H BJIHBHHH aHH30TpOHHOCTH IIOJIH paAHaI;HH Ha paAHa1SHoHmIH 6ananc
BepTHxanbHbix IIOBepxHOCTefi B ueJIOM 6binH BU'1HCneHbl 3Ha'IeHHH paAHagHOHHoro 6ananca
C y'ieTOM aHH3oTpOIIHOCTH (Ta6J1. 4).
T
\
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135
180
225
270
315
~o
0
050
10
0,984
0,711
0,040
0,016
0,025
0,020
0,048
0,725
,
(15,5)
(16,8)
(66,8)
(-33,4)
(4,2)
(-16,6)
(100,0)
(19,0)
800
0
45
0,937
0,654
-0,001
-0,015
-0,019
-0,011
0,005
0,666
,
(8,0)
(5,8)
(-107,7)
(-215,0)
(-246,0)
(-185,0)
(-61,5)
(7,8)
1,10
S6
0,559
0,417
0,015
0,006
-0,006
-0,007
0,025
0,396
(2,8)
(3,2)
(-75,6)
(-90,7)
(-109,4)
(-111,0)
(-61,0)
(-2,0)
11 p n M e Y a H H e. B c o6Kax Aan& pa3JIH'IHH 3THX BeJH'1nn (B %) no OTHomennIo
K 3Ha'1eHHHM, COOTBeTCTByIownM H30Tp0HHOMy npH6IHHieRHIo.
LJaHHbwe Ta6JI. 4 IIOKa3bIBaIOT, 'ITO Hey'ieT aHH30Tp0IIHOCTH HOJIH pajHaiAHH BO MHornx
cJiy'iaJix MomeT npnseCTH x 3Ha'InTeJmm,IM OmH6xaM. HaH6onbmae oTII IOHeHHH Ha6nIO-
AaloTCH, eCTeCTBeHHO, AJIi Tex IIOBepxnoCTeg, Ha KoTOpble He HonagaeT Hpnmaa coJIHe'IHaa
paAHaung.
B Ta6JI. 5 IIpHBegeHbl pe3yJIbTaTmI BuIgHCJIeHnfi cyrrapnoro paAnaunonnoro 6ananca
AByX BepTHKaJIbHLIX IIpOTHBOIIOJIOBW0 OpHeHTHpoBaHHbxx IIOBepXHOCTefi. Hall B1AHO H3
Ta6JIHuh1, B 3TOM CJly'Iae cyII ecTBeHmle pawmii H na6JIIogaIOTCH AJIH IIOBepxHOCTefi,
-OpIIeHTHpOBaHHaIX no a3HMyTaM 90 n 270? OTHOCHTeJIbno a3HMyTa CojiHua.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80TOO246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TaRHM o6pa3oM, CHCTeMa IIHTH 6aiiaHCOMepOB, yCTaHOBneHHbix OIIHCaHHb1M Bldme
o6paaoM, He AaeT ogHHaxosoro pe3yJIbTaTa pin pa3JIIIMHaIX IIOJIOHfeHHH xopuyca cygHa
HO OTHOmeHHIO H COJIHI;y H H03TOMy McTOA H3MepeHHH paj{HaAHOHHOro 6aiIaHca MopH,
IIpeAJlaraeMb1H B [11, HeJIb3B CiIHTaTb IIpgro HaIM.
1,009
0,731
0,088
0,741
(15,2) (15,3)
(83,5)
(17,0)
0,918 0,643
0,004
0,651
(4,2)
(1,9)
(-84,5)
(3,2)
0,553
0,410
0,040
0,402
(-9,0)
(-12,4)
(-68,8)
(-14,1)
CJIejyeT o6paTHTb BHHMaHHe Ha HeIIpaBHJIBB IO 3aIIHCb (lOpMyJi1I (1) B pa6OTe [1],
IIO-BHAHMOMy, BCJIeACTBHe HeHOIIpaBJIeHHOE onegaTKH (IIparHnbHoe COOTHOmeHHe:
cos 9=cos h cos a). BNI3bIBaeT TaHH{e HegoyMeHHe OTCyTCTBHe B ypaBHeHHHx (2) sIJIeHa, xa-
paxTepH3yioii ero Co6CTBeHHOe TeIIJIOBOe H3JIy'ieHHe IIpHeMH1JX IIOBepxHOCTeH.
JIeHHHrpaAcKHii rocygapCTBeHHblii IIoCTyHHiia
ymiBepcHTeT HM. A. A. ?IIAaHoBa 14.XI 1959
1. B a 6 e H x 0 B E. (1). 0 perIIcTpaqHH COcTaBJIHIOMHX paAHaI;HOHHOrO 6aaaaca B Cy-
) OBBIX yCJIOBHHX. II3B. AH CCCP, cep. reo4a a., N 6, 1959.
2. A JI b T M a H 3. H. OIImIT opraHH3aI[HH aKTBHOMeTpHM CHHX Ha6JnoieHHIi Ha cyj[ax
THIIa Jlorrep. McTeopowl. H rHApoii., Ns 6, 1959.
3. F p H IIS e H x o A. JI. K BOIIpOCy o McTOAHxe axTHHOMeTpH4eCHHx Ha6JIIoAeHIIg B
Mope. MCTeopoJI. H rHApoJI., Ns 5, 1954.
4. PyTxoBC xaH B. A., gyxo BeHxo B. II. PaAHaI;HOHHaH yCTaHOBxa gas
Ha6JI10AeHIIl Ha BoAoeMax. Mereopowi. H rHApoJI., Ns 6, 1959.
5. K o H A p a T b e B K.. H., M a H o JI O B a M. H. PaABaI;HOHHb1i3 6aJIaHC CxJIOHOB.
BeCTH. JII'Y, N 10, 1958.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
H3BECTHH AKAAEM1IH HAYI{ CCCP
J 6 CEPHH FEODH3HLIECKAJI
IICCJIEAOBAHHE ABH)KEHHH AOHHMX HAHOCOB CKOPOCTHOR
MHKPOKHHOC'bEMKOIa
PemeHHe MHOrHx BOUpOCOB, cBHaammIx c IIporaoaoM J{e(]lopMaI[HH pycna H 44exTxB-
HOCTH Tex HnH HHbix MepOIIpHHTHH, Tpe6yeT o6'beHTHBHMx IIpeAcTaBneHHfi 0 MexaHHBMe
IIepeMenkeHHH IIOTOROM AOHHMX HaHocoB. CBej;eHHH o6 aTHX HBneuHHx, HeCMOTpH Ha HanH-
me cpaBHHTe iaHO HoApo6HOR JIHTepaTypM [2-10, 12], Bee me HegOCTaTOMM; BO MHOrHx
Bonpocax HeT IIOIHOH HcuocTH. HepeAxo BMcxa3MBaIOTCH COMHeHHH 0 j;OIIyCTHMOCTH
HeKOTOPMX IIpejSnoHOH(eHHi, HcUOnbayeMbix IIpH BMBOj;e 3axoHoMepHOCTeH gBHH(eHHII j;OH-
HMx HaHOCOB. 3TO oco6eHHO OTHOCHTCH H J{BH}xeHHIo MenH03epHHCTMx HaHOCOB, He Hog-
gaiou axcH geTHOR 41HHca1[HH xax IIpH Henocpej[CTBeHHMx BH3yanbHMx Ha6nloj;eHHHx, Tax
H IIpH xHHOC'beMxe 6ea yBeJH'IeHHH.
B CBH3H C 3THM B I'py3HHCROM HaygHo-HccnegOBaTenbcxoM HHCTHTyTe rHApOTexHHKH
H Me mopa4HH 6ai m BMIIOJIHeHM axcIIepHMeHTanbHMe HCCnegoBaHHH McTOj;OM CxopOCTHOH
MHxpoxHHoc'beMxH, Ha OCHOBe *iero yTOiIHemI HeKOTOpMe AeTanH MexanH3Ma TporamI H
j[BHJHeHHH j[OHHbIx Hanoco3. HCIIOnb3OBaHHMfi x1HeMaTorpa(4H*iecxHE McTOj[ ycuemHo
IIpHMOHHJICH p$j;OM HCCaeAOBaTenefi upH H3 eHHH OTj{enbHMx UPOIjeCCOB B Typ6yneHTHOM
IIOTOxe [11, 13-15], j;BHSxeHHH HaHOCOB [12] H apo3HH [1]. IIpH C'aemHe H o6pa6oTxe
(]IHnbMOB 6Mna HCUOnb3OBaHa McTojSHxa, oUHCaHHaa B pa6oTax [1] H [11-15].
3KCIIepHMeHTM IIpOBOAHnHC]b B 3aCTeHneHHOM rHJ{paBJIHgeCxoM JOTxe AJHHOk 375 cm,
IIIHpHHOE 8 cm, KOTOPMH II03BOn$n H3MeHHTb yH I0H. PeHtHM, 6JIH3KHfi H YCJIOBHHM IIn0-
c orO TegeHHH, 0CyukecTBnHJICHIIpH rny6HHe IIOTOxa, paBHOH geTBepTH ero mHpHHM (20.w").
Ha j{He JOTxa pOBHMM CnoeM yxnaAMBaiiHCb TIILHTenbHO OTCOpTHpOBaHHMe IIeCgaHMe
c)paKIJHH paaMepoM 2-1; 1-0,5; 0,42-0,30; 0,5-0,25 AAAS H cMeCa (]Apaxi;Hfi or 2 go
0,25 AAAA. B HaganbHMfi ygaCTOK JOTxa McTOj[oM rHj{p0 HHaMHgecxoro pacuineHHH HBO-
gHnacb cMecb xaop6eHaona C Ba3enrHOBMM MacnoMH HpacHTeneM [11, 15]. IIO IIJIOTHOCTH
aTa CMeCb H o6paay1on HecH IIy3MpbxH c4IepHgecxofi (POpMM He OTJHgaJmca OT BOXU. Kap-
THHa paBMMBa H jSBHH(eHHH uy3MpbKOB Ha paanHtHOM paeCTOHHHH OT j;Ha (DHHCIIpOBanaCb
IIyTTeM CHOpoCTHOi MHxpOKHHOC'beMHH. AnH aTOi I(eim x 06'aeKTHBy CxopocrHorO xHHOc'be-
Mo Horo auuapaTa CK-1 upHcoegHHHnHcb HacaAo mine JHHaM C paarH%n MM yBe3mveuHeM
(12-, 21-xpaTHMM H 6oxee). IIpHBej[eamde HH)xe peaynbTami HonygeHM IIpH 21-HpaTHOM
yBenHgeHHH. He60nbmas IInon{aAb o6'beKTa C'aeMKH ocBen anacb xorn eHTpupOBaHHMM
gepea co6HpaTen6HMe nHH3M CBeTOM,OT IIHTH IIPOH(eRTOPOB (o6uSefi MOII{HOCTLIO 17 TMC.em).
KHHoauuapaT 6Em yCTaHOBneH Ha MaccHBHOR CTauHHe, gonycxaloulea MHxpoMeTpH-
gecxoe IIepej;BHH(eHHe ero IIO TpeM HaupaBneHHHM. IDOxyC xHHoanuapaTa c Hacaj[o inofi
nHHaO 6Mn HaupaBneH It OCH HOTOxa, He3HagHTenbHoe uepeMeu~enue anus aTa B IIouepeg-
HOM HaIIpaBneHHH - 0,10-0,15 .A(.,w CHnbHO McHHno peaxOCTb. TaxHM o6paaOM, IIpaxTH-
necjH (IHHCHpOBanCA IIPOAecC, IIPOTex8H)IIUHfi B geuTpanbHOfi IIPOAOnbHOfi IIJOCIOCTH HO-
TOxa. McCTO Ha6nIOgeHHH 6Mn0 BM6paHO Ha paCCTOHHHH 230 c.AL OT BxOj;Hoi gaCTH JIOTxa.
Kaj(p OXBaTMBan "aCTOK JIOTxa J JIHHOi 7 .4&4 H BMCOTOfi 4 .w.i OT IIeCgaHOrO j{Ha. C1beMHH
IIpOBej{eHM CO CROPOCTI JO 1100-2800 xagpOB B cexyHgy (uepBoe 3Ha1qeHHe OTHOCHTCH K
HaganbHOMy uepno y c'beMxH, IIOCnegHee - x ROHeimoMy).
3acHHTMe RHHOIIneHKH IIpocMaTpHBanHCb Ha RHHOIIpoeKTope c 3aMegneHHOfi CxO-
pOCTbIO - go 24 HaAPOB B ceHyHjSy. Hecxonbxo nocaegoBaTenbn,Ix xaj;p0B IIpHBej{eHM
Ha (]1Hr. 1.
AHa ma IIOnygeHHMx pe3ynbTaTOB UPHBOAHT R Cnej{yI0u HM BMBOAaM.
1. AHHH(eHHe HanOCOB HagHHaeTCH, eCnx j;ocTHraIOTCSI CxopOCTH TegeHHH, IIHnHIO-
mnecH gaa AaHHMx 4)paRia rpyHTa paaMMBa10u HMH. HoRa HMeeT McCTO COHpHxoCHOBe-
HHe c IIoj[OTHnaiogHM j{HOM, BTO ABHH(eHHe HPOHCxoAHT IIepexaTMBamieM. IIe exaTMBamie
gaCTHI; Ha M aeTCH C oupoxHj aIBam3H, upeHMyIAeCTBeHHO gepea Maxoe pe6po ((Hr. 1),
'iTO MOH(HO 06'BHCHHTb cnegyiomMM o6paaoa.
PaccMaTpHBaa COCTOHHHe yCTOMIHBOCTH Ha onpoKHgMBaHHe paCIIOJIOH(eHHOfi Ha j{He
gaCTH11I IIpu3MaTHgeCKOfi (OpMM, pa3Mepn ROTOpofi a, b, c, HMeeM
Pa?2+Py? 2 = GB. 2 ?KI,
ecJH C`inTaTb, 'ITO no60Boe Pa H floJ I,eMHOe PB yCHnHH IIpxnOH(eHM B IienTpe cooTBeTCTByIO-
II[Hx pe6ep (BepTHxanbHoro c H ropH3OHTanaHOro b). 3j[ecb KI - xoa(gHI(HeHT ycTOii-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
mBOCTH; G. - Bee eaGTHALI B BOAe. IIpH KI = 1 HMeeM IIpeAenbaoe paanoBecae;
Ki> 1 - HeycTOa*IILBOe cocTOHHHe; KI < 1 - yCTOiWHBOe paBROBecae.
COCiTonHHe yCTOI3 mBOCTH H3 yCJIOBHH CABara qaCTHAbL HO AHy Bbipa}xaeTCA:
P.u = (GB - PB)? f ?K2, (2)
rAe f - xoa(1(H$HeHT TpenHB aepHa o AHo; K2 - xoa(gHI;HeHT yCTOg'mBOCTH IIpH cABHre.
Ecim HoACTaBHTb B (2) 3HaqeHHe Pn, onpejeneanoe H3 ycnoBHH IIpeAeJlbaoro COCTOx-
HHH oupoKHAMBan1H (KI = 1), TO
b
(GB - PB) ? e = f. K2 (GB - PB) (3)
K2 b (4)
3aBHCHMOCTb (4) IIOKa3biBaeT, HTO IIpH b = c:
f>1 K2 c. 3aBHCHMOCTH Anti pa3MbiBaIOIT{Hx CxopO-
CTeii cneAyeT Bb1BOAHTB H3 yCJIOBHH OIIpO1HABIBaHas.
2. CxopoCTm IIepeABHmefHII 4aCTHI; HanocoB IIpH IIepexaTbIBaRHH Meabme CxopoCTH
cnon IIOTOxa ((laxcapyeMoro no ABn neBHIO HyabipbxoB), rAe IIp0HCXOAHT IIepexaTbiBaHHe.
3. C IIOBMIIIeHHeM CKOpOCTH IIOTOKa IIpoAOnbHasi cnopocTb IIepeABHH(eHHH HaHOCOB
yBenHiIHBaeTCH H 'IaCTHI N HainiHaIOT IIepeABHraTbCB IIpb1)HKaMH paanH'HOH Anl1bi.
B ATOM Cnygae IIp0AonTHaB CKOpOCTb ABH)xeHHH *iaCTHA HaHOCOB IIpH6nHHfaeTCli x aHa*ie-
HHx) CKOpOCTH 01OH H{HAKOCTH, B HOTOPOM OHH IIepeABHrax1TCH. AanbHeimee noBMmeHHe
C2OpOCTH IIOTOxa IIpHBOAHT K yBenH'LeHHIO CKOpOCTH nepeABHHieHHH *iacTHg, KOTOpaa go-
CTaraeT 3Ha'eHHH CROpOCTH CJIOH HiHAKOCTH.
4. rIecgHHKH, IIepeABHraIOHg1ec5 IIepexaTbiBaHHeM Him IIpaxn{KaMH IIPH IIOBarmeHHaix
cKOpOCTHX, CTa1RHBaIOTCII c BH6papyIOHIHMH TiacTHgaMH H BMBOAIIT Hx H3 paBHOBecHH.
3aTeM IIpOHCXOAHT CpI.IB OCTanbHMx iiaCTHA.
MOHHO IIpeAIIOJIO)KfTb, 'iTO IIpHMeHeHHe onHeaHHOH McTOAHKH II03BOJHT yCTaHOBHTb
H HeKOTOpble pyre 3aKoHOMepHOCTH Typ6yneHTnoro IIOTOKa, B TOM ~mCJie paCIIpeAeJIOHHe
CKOpOCTeg B IIpHAOHHOM cnoe, a TaR)Ke ABnnfeHHH AOHHMx HaHOCOB. LJIg BTOrO Tpe6yeTea
IIpOBeAenne na6opaTOpHalx axcuepHMeHTOB C BapbapoaaHHeM B B03MOHCHO 6onbIIIeM AHa-
IIa3OHe rHApaBnH4ecKHx aneMeHTOB IIOTOKa H xapaKTepHCTHK HaHOCOB, 'ITO H OCyIIgecT-
BnHeTCH B HaCTOHIIjee BpeMH B rpyaHHCKOM HayiiHO-HCCneAOBaTenbCROM HHCTHTyTe rHApO-
TexnHxH H MenHopaqHH.
rpyaaacxH6 nay'HO-HccneAoBareJlbcnHA HOCTyIIHna
HHCTHTyT riApOTexHHxa H Iteaaopauan 30.VI 1959
1. r y cc a x B. B. HeKOTOpbte Ha6nioAeHHH HaA apoaHei IIO'B B HorpaHH'HOM c ioe
C IIOMOn bIO MHxpoxHHOeseMKK. Ho'BoBeAeHHe, Ns 7, 1948.
2. F 0 H e a p o B B. H. OCHOBbi AHHaMHKH pycnoBMx IIOTOKOB. rHApoMeTe0HaAaT, JI.,
1954.
3. Ae M e H T b e B M. A. 06 HHTep4epeffEMH AByx TBepAbix Ten B IIOTOKe )HHAKOCTH.
113B. BHI HI', 15, 1935.
4. E r H a a a p O B 14. B. 0 pacxoAe BnexoMbix HaHOCOB. Has. AH ApMHHCxog CCP,
2, N2 53, 1949.
5. E r H a 3 a p o B H. B. 06 yTO'iHeHHH ypaBHeHHA AJIH BJIexoMbix HaaOCOB. HaB. AH
ApMnHcxola CCP, 3, Ne 13, 1950.
6. E r H a 3 a p 0 B H. B. 0 xpHTHtIeCUOM aaanaae HexoTOpbix 3apy6en abix pa6oT no
BJIexowbIM naHOCaM. H3B. AH ApMHHCBoR CCP, 3, N2 33, 1950.
7. B e a n K a H 0 B M. A. AHHaMHKa pyCJIOBbix IIOTOKOB, T. I-II. rHApOMeTe0H3AaT,
JI., 1954.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
(I)ii['. 1. I Iep(KaTI11 al!IIH nec'uu oro :;epua (1)
II ;IInISI ('Illy :) l\.Il,ciiO im IX nuipurols (2),
otill cII) )J aII II'le cNopuc-rnuii nnlrpoun-
noc')wmsoii
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HccaeeoBaHHe ABHmeHHH AOHHUX HaHOCOB 881
8. 3 a m a p H H E. A. TpaHcHOpTHpyIon aH CII0006HOOTb H AouyexaenIe CxopoCTH Te-
tieHIiH B HaHaJiax. roccTpoili3AaT, M., 1951.
9. JI e B H H. H. ,i~HHaMHxa pycnoBux IIOTOHOB. rocaHeproHaAaT, M., 1957.
10. M a x x a B e e B B. M., I{ o H o B a JI o n H. M. I'HApaBJIHxa. PegH3AaT, JI.- M.,
1940.
11. M H H c x x A E. M., D H A M a H B. A. 06 axcuepHMeHTaJIaHoM oupeAeaearH He-
HOTOpIdX CTaTHCTHiiecCxHX XapaRTepiCTlx Typ6yJIeHTHbix IIOTOROB. H3B. 9HepreTHile-
cxoro 1111-Ta AH CCCP, 9, 1940.
12. M a x a H Ji o B a H. A. HccJleAoBaHue MexaH11aMa ABHmeHHH HaH000B. Ilpo6JleMbi
pyC IOBMX IIpoI eccoB. FHApoMeTeoH3AaT, JI., 1353.
13. D H A M a H B. A. HpuMeaeslle BbicoxocxopocTHOH RHHOCbeMxH x HCCJIeAOBaHHI0
IIOJIH cxopocTeil Typ6yJIeHTHoro HOTOxa. H3B. AH CCCP, cep. reorp. H reocna3., 12,
N 2, 1948.
14. (D H A M a H B. A. HexoTopbie axcuepHMeHTaJmable AaHHHe o 3KpyuaoMacmTa6uof[
Typ6yJIeHTHOCTH B OTxpaITOM HOTOxe. H3B. AH CCCP, cep. reorp. H reo4Ha., 14, N 3,
1950.
15. cD H A M a H B. A. OCHOBmxe pe3yJlJ TaTM a RcuepHMeHTaJIbuoro H3yteHHH CTpyKTyp Iii
Typ6yJIeHTIIbix IIOTOROB. Hpo6iierbi pycJloBbix IIpoI(ecCOB. rHApoMeTeoHaAaT, JI., 1953.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
I3BECTYIR AKAREMIIII HAYK CCCP
AKycTHTIecIHE McTOJ[ H3MepeHHH CHOpOCTH J;BH?KeHHH raaa HnH ?KHJ{xOCTH [1-3] o6.
aaj(aeT pHJ{OM HpeHMyIReCTB no cpaB eHHIO C ApyrHMH HaBeCTHMMH McTOJ{aMH: BMCOKOS
IWBCTBHTenbHOCTbIO H TOlHOCTbIO, ManoH HHepnHOHHOCTMo, JIHHBHHOCTbIO, OTCyTCTBBeM
CHaIIIHBaIO11;HXCH ABHHfyII;HXCH gaCTeH, HegVBCTBHTenbHOCTbIO x x0MIIOHeHTaM CHopoCTH,
HOpManbHMM K H3MepneMOH.
K xmcjiy HeAoCTaTKOB aKyCTHileCKOrO McTOAa H3MepeHHH CKOpOCTH c ieJ{yeT IIpeHIJ(e
BCero OTHeCTH CJIOHCHOCTb a]IeITpOHHOPO yCTpOHCTBa, gTo orpaEnUMBaeT HCIIOnb3OBaHHe
9TOrO McTOJSa TOnbKO paMKaMH HCcaeJSOBaHHH. HepexoJ; Ha IIOnyupOBOJ{HHKOBLIe IIpH6opa
MO?HeT CynjeCTBeHHO CHH3HTb 3HaigCHHe OTOrO Hej{OCTaTxa. B H3BeCTHOH CTeIIeHH HegOCTaT-
xOM MOH{HO C? HTaTb TanHfe TO, rFO aKyCTHIIeCHHra aaeMOpyM6orpal oupe);eJIsIeT BeKTOp
CKOPOCTH BeTpa He B 06bigHOH iopMe (MOJ{ynb H HaIIpaBneHHe), a B BHJSe AByX KOMIIOHeHT
BewTopa. A6COJIIOTHyIO Be ii mny H HaIIpaBneHHe CxopoCTH H3 BTHX / aHHbIX MOH{HO IIOny-
gHTb B pe3ynbTaTe IIpOCTbiX BbiHHCJIeHHH.
npHHI;HII geHCTBHH IIpH6opa OCHOBaH Ha TOM, TITO BpeMH pacupocTpaxeHHH 3ByKa B
CpeRe, gBHHfymelCH OTHOCHTenbHO TOge Moro HanygaTeng H Towmoro IIpHerHHKa, pac-
IIOnOHfeHHbiX Ha pacCTOHHHH d co CKOpOCT CO V, COCTaBJIHIOII{ei yron a C HanpaBneHHeM
d, paBuo:
t- d [1-5COSa--,32f1- sin2aCosa] (1)
(C TOtIHOCTbIO AO Ps= \ )e, rge C - CKOpOCTB 3Byxa). B IIePBOM npH6nxsxeHHH
C/
npH J{BOHHOH 6a3e (H3nygaTenb B 1 eHTpe, IIPHeMHHKH Ha KOH11aX 6a3aI) pa3HOCTb
BpeMeH pacnpOCTpaHeHHH OT H3JIytIaTeJI$ J;O IIpHeMHHKOB
At = 2dp cos a/c. (3)
TaxHM o6pa3oM,B IIepBOM IIpH6JHHteHHH pa3HOCT16 BpeMeH padnpOCTpaHeHHH IIpOUOp-
I;HOHanbHa KOMUGHeHTe CKOPOCTH B HaIIpaBJIeHHH 6a3bi. CyIDeCTBeHHO, 'TO IIPH J{BOHHOH
6aae CKOpOCTb 3ByKa BXOJjHT TOJIbHO B MHOH{HTenb IIpH P, a gneH d/c coxpannaeTcH. Ho-
3TOMy H3MeHeHHe CKOpOCTH 3ByKa Ac (HanpHMep, IIPH H3MeHeHHH TeMIIepaTypM)TOJIbKO
Heuaoro (upHMepHo Ha 0,15% Ha 1?) H3MeHHeT MacIIITa6 H3MepeHHH CKOpOCTH BeTpa, HO
He BLIabIBaeT IIOHBJIeHHH J{06aBO'Horo it ieHa d Ac/c2, HMeIonnero TOT Hie IIopnj{OK, 'ITO H
HaMepsleMaH BeJIHtmHa (HaMeHeHHe TeMnepaTypai Ha 1? IIaMexsleT BpeMSI pacupOCTpaHeHHSI
Tax me, xax BeTep nopgj{xa 0,5 M/cex). Taxan xoMneHcaAHSI BJIHHHH31 TennepaTypai 6yJ{eT
HMeTb McCTO, KOHe'1HO, TOJI1KO IIPH J;OCTBTOLIHO TO'IHOM paB HCTBO o6eHX IIOnOBHH 6a3b1.
fonpaBxH IIepBoro nopnjSKa J; in At HMeIOT a6cOJIIOTHbIH IIOpHJ{OK R2, TaK KaK caMO At
HMeeT IIOPHAOK S. npH paBeHCTBe o6eHX HaCTeg 6a3M IIOIIpaBKH IIepBoro IIOpHJ{Ka OTCyT-
CTByIOT, TaK xax C TO'IHOCTb10 J{o Rs
At = 2d (1-{- 02) 3 cos a/c. (4)
TaKHM o6paaoM, JSa ne Jinn CKOpOCTH BeTpa 30 n/cex IIOIIpaBKa He IIpeBbxInaeT 1% H
TOJIbKO IIpH 70 M/cex AOCTHraeT -4%.
H3 J{ByX B03MO1KHLIx McTOJ{OB H3MepeHHH BpeMeHH pacnpOCTpaHeHHSI BOJIHbi - I)a-
aOBOro H HMIIyaLcHOro - B JIaHHOM CnytIae, KaK H Boo6u a npH 3OKaJIbHLIX II3MepeHHHX,
z;eaecoo6paaaee IIpHMeHHTb I1aaOBME McTOJ;. IIpH nOKanbHBIX H3MepeHHHX 6ea HCIIOnb3O-
BaHHH OTpan(eHHb1X BOJIH OCHOBHOe IIpeHMyWIeCTBO IIMHynbcEOro McToJ(a - ero cnoco6-
HOCTb paapeuiaTb BO BpeMeH HeCKOJibRO CHrHaJIOB - He HrpaeT HHKaIOH poam. B TO ne
BpeMH TO'HOCTb (IaaOBoro McTOAa (-0,005-0,01 IIepHOJ{a HecymmeH 'IaCTOTLI) ryn eCTBeH-
HO Bbime upeJ;e OgHy HIKaJIy, COOTBeTCTByIOII;yIO CKOpOCTH 7-10 M/ceh, TITO MO RHO AOCTn4b
TpeMH Cnoco6aMn: 1) IIplMeneHHeM 1aCTOTbI n3JIy IeHnh B 3-4 pa3a 6owlee BbICOROH,
2) yMHomeHneM IIJIl geJIeHHeM BO CTOJIbRO H(e pa3 gaCTOTM B cf a30H3MepnTeJlbHOM- CxeMe,
3) yBe.rHgeHHe,i 6a3bi B 3-4 pa3a. rHoCJIeJ{HHIi BapnaHT HenpHeMJIeM, TaR xax 6a3a HoJIy-
'IHTCH CJIHIIIKOM 6OnbmOf3, He roBopi yx(e o HeyJSo6CTBe HMeTb gBa KOMIIJIeKTa MHKp6-
4)OHOB.
A6COJIIOTHa, TO0IHOCTb II3Mepeiuia 4a3bi (ecJIH He IIpIHHMaTb cuerjuaabHhix CJIOHIHMx
Mep J;JIH IIOBLIIIIeHIIH CTa61lJIbHOCTH 113MepeHHli) COCTaBJIHeT IIpIIMepHO 0,005-0,01 ne-
pHO,qa. 3TOMy COOTBeTCTByOT TOTIHOCTL Ir3MepeHnn CKOpOCTH 1-2% OT MaHdnMaJIbHOra.
HpH IIyJlbcagnolIHbIX II3MepeIIH3qX, Korj[a MOH(HO Ilpene6pexb McJiJIeHHMM J(peli4OM 1a3bi,
TOgHOCTb H3MepeIIIIH 4aabi Ii, COOTBeTCTBeHHO, CKOpOCTil npnMepHO Ha IIOpHJ[OK Hume.
H3JIyqaTeJlb It MHxpO(IOIIhi gOJIMIIhi BO3MOH(HO McHbme HCKa EaTb IIOJIe CKOpOCTH,
II03TOMy HX pa3Mepbl J{OJIH(HbI 6bITb 9OCTaTOgHO Maabi IIO CpaBHeHHIO C 6a30H, a 4opMa -
o6TeKaeMofi. C 3TOfI TOtIKII 3pemin ygO6Hbi pa3pa60TaHHLie B HHCTIITyTe (f1H3IIRH aTMOC4epm
AH CCCP I;HJI1IIgpwIecxne xoHJ{eHcaTOpHbie HaJIyTiaTeJln H MnxpO4OHbl C TBepJ(bIM J;n3JIex-
TpHROM, yAOBJIeTBOpITeJIbHO pa60TaioigHe Ha HaCTOTe 10-500 xa4. 3Tli 113JIyzIaTeJIH (n He
OTJIniraloIB;IIeCH OT HIIX IIO KOHCTpyxi);IIH MHxpo4OHbI) MOrYT 6LITb BhIIIOJIHeHLI B BHJ{e
CTepx(Heri giiaMeTpOM 2-3 .41hG. Aim oHpeJ(eJIeHHH J);BYX KOMIIOHeHT CHOpOCTH BeTpa J{aTHHR
J{oJIH(eH HMeTb c1OpMy RpeCTa, B i eHTpe KOTOporo HaXOAHTCH n3JIy~IaTeIIb, a B BepiHHax -
'IeTblpe MnxpO4OHa.
LIJIH H3MepeHHH pa3HOCTH 1a3 Ha116oJIee yJ O6eH CTapT-CTOIIHblfi 1a3oMeTp, JIHHeHHbIH
IIo,iTII BC1OJ[y, KpOMe He60JILIIIOfI MepTBOIi 30HbI B6Jni3H 0?. T4To6bi TaKOii 4a3oMeTp pa60TaJI
C IIpIieMJIeMOIi TO'IHOCTbIO, IIep1OJ[ giaCTOTMI, Ha ROTOpOH IIpOH3BOJ(ITCH (la3ol3MepeHHe,
J[OJDReH 6EITb BO MHOrO pa3 60JIbnie JSJIHTeJIbHOCTH 41pOHTa HMIIyJIbCOB, 3anycxa1on(nx TpHr-
rep 4a3oMeTpa. TaB Hal 6e3 CJIOH{HBIX CIIeI I1aJIbHaIX CXeM TpyJ[HO IIOJIy`IIITb J;JIHTeJIbHOCTb
4pOHTa Cyn eCTBeHHo McHbiue 1 [4cex, TO MiaCTOTa 4a30n3MepeHHli He J;OJfH(Ha IIpeBISIHaTb
Iq
I f 1 _ I
4 Zb
1l;nyaameoe
f 3L
K
6
t - ~
HecuH ren7puvr,n1I
aexva
('L/MMempuuwni?
iCUMNe,'
puVMb,d
C(1MNQNl-
)7UVMDfd
SwxoJ
direr. 1. BJlox-cxeMa npH6opa
1 - KBapueBbIl peaoeaTOp, f = 22,5 xau; 2- TO m e,25 xau; 3 - TO H(e,97,5 xau; 4 - TO me, 100 xau;
5 - cMecHTeah; 6 - reTepopln; 7 - peaoHaHOHMA ycHaHTeJIm, f,= 25 xau; fa=100 xau; 8 - epaaouerp;
9 - reHepaTOp HaJryeaTenli; 10 - cxeMa (popMHponaHBR IIYCI(OBUX HMHyJILOOB; 11 - euyci oBai cxeua;
12 - (DHnLTp HBBCHHI gacTOT; 13 - HaTOitHMa HOBTOPHTenb; 14 - HHTerpepyrou;an geah RC = 100 cox.
15 - dlaaoBpau[aTeJI,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
necKOJimw i iiJlorept . I)a3OBble cooTHOmeIIHH, cyll~eCTBOBaBIIlne MeacAy HanpxxteIIHHMH
IIeCyl[elI iIaCTOTbl, IlepeIIOCHTCH IIpII reTepoAHnHpOBaIIHH Ha iianpnSKeiiHH KoI6IIIIaqnonI1o
HaCTOTbI. 1103TOMy HHCJICCOO6pa3IIO BBCCTH reTepoAIIIlnpoBaHHe IIPII IIOMOII[H BCIIOMOraTCnb-
Horo reTepOAinia It CMCCIITC.CH.
C TOMIOCTb10, npII KOTOpOH H3BCCTIIbI CKOpOCTI, 3ByHa it pacCTOlHne Mea;Hn
npn6opa iia CKa=IKoo6pa3HOe H3MeneHHe CKOPOCTH IlMeeT IIOpHAOK T 2d/vi (rAe v1-npoex-
1 MH cpeAHen CKOPOCTH Ha HanpaBneHne 6a3b1). 1IHepiinoHHocTb yaen1YnsaeTCH npH yMe1Ib-
n1eHHH CKOpOCTH H COCTaanxeT 0,01 cell. npn CKOpOCT11 10 .1i/cex n 0,1 cell. 11pM cxo-
poCTII 1 .M/cell (lipii Annne ABOlHOl1 6a3bI 10 cot).
AnnapaTypnan IIHepIjl1OH11OCTb MOaleT 61,ITb 3Ha`nlTCnhHO McHbIIIe 3IHX BCJIPIIIH 11
tie onpeuenxeT CBO)ICTBa npn6opa.
11pn6op, pa3pa6OTaHHbIli Ha ocHOBaHHII H3noafeHHIlx BbIIIle coo6paafenHI3, COCTOIIT
143 CneAylon(4X 'IacTeII (< IIr. 1-3): 1) AaT IHHa c H3ny IaTeneM H 'lCTblpbMJI MHHpocJJonaMH,
COeAHHeHHnIM11 IIIITbIO xoaxcnanbnb'MH Ka6eJHMlI AJMHOI1 20 .o c 3JIeKTpOHHOII CXeMON;
finaroAapn 6oJIbn10li eMKOCTH MtnpO< OHOB (HeCKOnblO COT n96), KaTOAHble IIOBTOpHTeJIH He
,Hyafnu. B IIagaJle II xoHI;e Ka6ean H3nyMaTeJIn BxnlOilellM Tpanc4)opMalopbl Aim cornaCO-
BaHHM eMKOCTII xa6enH C BbIXOAHbIM xacxaAoM; 2) CTa6IInII3IIPOBaHHbIX RBapIIaMH
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
reHepaTOpOB iia 25 it 100 K21f, HI1Ta1oll;llx II3JIy*IaTeJIb; 3) 'ICTbIpOX MII1Kpo(f OHHbIX
yCHJIIITeJIeH c aBTOMaTn'Iecxoi peryJlnpOBKOH, 'IyBCTBHTCJIbHOCTII, 11MelOll11X ycliJleHHe
105 iia pe3oiiaicnbix uaCTOTax - 25 IIJHI 100 hetf npn nojioce 1 Kq; 4) ieTbipex cMe-
cHTeJlell; 5) J;ByX BCHOMOraTCJlbHblx rOTepOJ{HHOB Ha 22,5 H 97,5 K2(f; 6) 'feTbipex pe3oHaH-
CIMIX yCHJInTCJIeii iia 2,5 K2if c noJiococt 300 2Lf c He6oJILHIHM ycnJICHHCM; 7) J(ByX (a3OMeT-
p0B CTapT-CTOHIIOrO Tllna C TpeMH KacHaJ(aMH (IOpMHpoBaHHg HMII JIbCOB II TpnrrepoM.
IIOCTOHIIIIan COCTaBJIHKIlllan HanpmHemin Me 1Cr y allogaMil Tplirrepa, Han H3BCCTHO,
JIHHeIIIIO CBH3ana c pa311OCTb10 (~a3 Me>HL y HanpHHCeHlaMn Ha BXOJJ;e. ,JIH yCT4I10B1m HyJia
B OJJ;IIOii II3 HwHgoii napbl yCI1JIIITeJIeli IfMeOTCH peo-
CTaTIIO-eMnOCTIIbIII(1a3OBpal[aTeJlb; JJJIH KaJIn6pOBKn x2 eef'{&f
npn6opa B Apyroi yCHJ1I1TCJIb BKJIIOW11 rpaAyii-
pOBaHllbiii c a3OBpamaTeJlb (6ecKOHTaKTHIIIi ceJib-
CHIT). EJig KOHTpOJIH annapaTypiioro cJ{Bnra ( a3
npeJ(yCMOTpeHa B03MOM{I1OCTb BKJHOgOHIH 060HX On 00
2
yCHJIHTCJICH KaTCoH KOMIIOIIeIITbI Ha OJ1111 MHnpo- K
00
011. ROY 00
Hpit6op npej iia3HaYeiI J{JIH 1CCJIe OBaHhg Typ-
nvtrauTUnrTU u linugnuunU enn. --T-- Tx ?xi.ro_ 00
eT HeCHOJIbKO BbIXOA11bIX i[eneli. Me ni y aHOJIaMH VU/ v
TpnrrepOB BKJIio'Iexbi cTpeno'IHbie npn6opbi, Bona- 0,0
3h1BalonAHC 3Ha'leHHe pa3HOCTH (a3, T. e. COOTBeT- 0
CTBy1OHAyIO KOMHOHeHTy CHOpOCTH BeTpa. IIapaji- q0 0
neJlbiio npn6opaM pacnoJio Bern CHMMeTpH'IHbie
BbIXOAbI na mJieli(OBhuII 0CwsJIJIorpa( gJIH perncT-
paiinn o6enx HoMnoneHT CHOpocTH BeTpa, a Tan ne 0,0001
cnMMeTpH'IHble BbIXO bl Ha HJIaCTnnbl HaTOAHoro 0C- 49S 02 08
f,C!(
i>;si inorpa(a J~JIH perncTpawun nmmH Ha6JIIOJ~emmH 0~ of
BCHTOpa CKOpOCTH. Bee 3TH BLIXOgbi MoryT 6b1Tb He- (I/Hr. 4. CneKTp nyJibcal[Illi cRopo-
peKJlio'ieHbi Ha KaTOAbI 6aiiaHCHaiX KaTOAHbIx no- CTII BeTpa Ili = 0,028
BTOpi1Te.Ieik,HanpnH eHHe Ha CeTHH KOTOpbIX BOJ>;aeT-
cH C a11OAOB TpHrrep0B 'iepe3 RC-i;ellogHn C BOCTOHuIHOil BpeMeiin nopr na 100 cen. 3T'
rl03BOJIHCT H3MepHTb H perHCTpnpOBaTb ycpeJ{HeHHbie 3Ha'ICHng KOMHOHelIT BenTOpa CKopo-
CTH HJIH (Ha KaTOJ(HOM OCJU1JiJIOrpa(e) caMoro BenTopa. HpOMe TOro, xaM bili (a30MCTP
HMCCT HeCHMMeTpn'IHbIIi BbIX09, 11peAHa3Ha'IeuIIIbIIi J[JIH CTaTHCTH'Iecnoro anaJln3a nyJib-
caqHii CKOpOCTH BeTpa.
Bee 3JICKTpOHHOe yCTpOIICTBO, cogepatamee 45 paJ;HoJIaMn, pa3Men);eI1o B AByX 6JIOHax.
FenepoTOpbl n3JIy'IaTeJIH 11 BCHOMoraTeJlbHble reTepoJ.IHHbI pa3MeuieHbl B 0J{IIOM 6JIOHe BMe-
CTe CO CTa6HJIH3npOBaHHbIMH BaInpnMnTeJIHMII, OCTaJIbHble y3JIbI - B Jjpyro 6JIone.
HIpH6op ycnemao pa60TaJ1 B acrpo~11313Yecnoll 3KCHeJ(ninH 111-Ta (11311Hli aTMOCCfepbl
AH CCCP B 1958 r. Ero napaMeTpbi: OJ HO3Ha'Iilble mnami - 6,5 it 26 .M/ce);, MancHMaJib-
naH HyBCTB11TeJIbHOCTb, COOTBeTCTBeHHO, 5 Ii 20 c n/ceK Ha J;eJIeHIIe, a6coJIIOTHag CTa6HJIb-
HOCTb - 2,5 n 10 cell/ceK, 10-MnayTHaB - 1 II 4 cn/ceK, nHepl(HOHHOCTb caMoro npu6opa'
3 .ni/ceK.
Ila (Iir. 4 npnsegen 3HepreTn'IeCHIiii CneKTp nyJlbcai Hiii ropn3oHTaJIbnon CnOpOCTH'
BeTpa, noJiy'JeHllblii npH noMOll(II axycTn'iecnoro ( Jliorepa Ii anaJIH3aTopa CneHTpa, pa3pa-
60TaHIlorO B 1411-Te (1H3HKH aTMoc(epbl. Cr*nip clmMaJlcu c oepeJ[iienneM 3a 100 cei` =(-1)i+I ?Q?~i(t) i=1,2. (5)
x 1F1 ax x--i(t)
3Aeca ui(x, t), a Xi (i = 1, 2, 3) - COOT BCTCTBCHHO, TCMnepaTypa, TCMHepaTypOnpOBOAHOCTb
* B03MOM110 o6pa3oBanne it 60Jlbmero MnCJia 3011. PeilleHiie B 3TOM cnyeae IIpOH3BO-
AHTCH COBCpineniio ailaJlorHMHO.
** 1 a orpaIlHMeann 06LL HOCTH MOHSHO nOJIOH(IITb To= 0 (AJIH CJ1yMan 3aMep3aoHa
ROAM).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
H TennonpoBOAHOCTb B Kax(AOH H3 ()laa; Q - TeIInoTa 4)a30Bmx IIepexoAOB. I1HAe1Cbi
I Ii 3 OTHOCBTCH K TBepAOH (a3e, nHAei c 2 -K i 1AKOH. Rpej[nonaraeTCH, gTO rpaHH4Hbie
H Hagani,Hbre ycnOBBH YAOBaeTBOPHIOT CneAyIOII[HM Tpe6osaHHHM: pi (x), (Di (t) (i = 1, 2, 3)
HMeIOT HenpepblBHyIO HepHylo npO113BOAayio; pi (0) _ (Do (0), ps (1) = m3 (0); ci (x)
(i = 1, 2, 3) - Kycogao HenpepbiBHbl. Pemeane HmeM Aim oTpeaxa BpeMeHH, B Tegenge
ROTOporo ~i_1(t) ~i (t) (i = 1, 2, 3).
nocTasneHHaH aaAaga peuiaeTCH CBejeHHeM cncTeMbl ypaBHeHHH B gaCTHbix IIpona-
BOAH11X (1) - (5) K cncTeMe o6uIKHOBeHHMx AB(]1( epeHgBanbKl.Ix ypaBHeHHH. J 1E 3TOro
ui (x, t) (i = 1, 2, 3) HeO6xOAHMO pa3fOJI(HTb B pRAbr (Dypbe HO X npH c HKCHpOBaHHOM t
na oTpeaxax [Ei_I (t); ~i (t)]. HMeeM
mi (t) - ~i-1 (t)
ui (x, t) = l;i (t) - i-1 (t) [x - ~i-i (t)] + (i_1 (t) -f-.
2 Co in [x - Ei-i (t)]
i (t) - ~i-1 (t) I Aij (t) sin ~i (t - ~i-1 (t) ,
~i-i (t) < x < M(t) i = 1. 2, 3.
k7c (x - ~i-i (t))
YMHOIKaa o6e gacTB (1) Ha sin Ei (t) - Et-1 (t) (k = 1, 2, ... , oo) B 1HTerpnpyH
B IIpeAenax OT i i_i (t) AO ~i (t) (i = 1, 2, 3), nocJle HeI OTOpbIX IIpeo6pa3oBaHHH IIoJIygHM
cncTeMy o6iIKHOBeHHbix Au(#c#epeH9HanbHbiX ypaBHeHBH, ou1CLIBaIOII;yi0 AHHaMHxy
TeuuepaTypaoro uo ui H rpaHBn pa3Aena 4laa B Tpex~a3HOg cpeAe:
ai k2i 21 2k
Aik (t) _:- [ i (t) - ~i_i (t) 12 Aik (t) ~i (t) - ~i-i (t) X
00 1 co
x ,jij(t)Wjk+ ~i-I(t) `Qij(t) Ujk
1 ff
ka lei (t) i-lI(t) +j(Di-1. (t)((- 1)k-[ i (t) - Ei-1 (t)] [(Di-1 (t) + (- 1)k+1 - ti (t)l}
r i1,2, i-3;1 (6) 00
l i (t) 1 i (t) i-1 (t) 2 Y .1 Ai7 ' (t) (- t)s - m
- (t) 1 JJ
j=1
wi+i 2 A 1=1, 2, (7)
~i+i (t) - Ei (t) ~i+1 (t) - ~i (t) 1 ij (9) T i (8) j=1
rge j+k+i 1 1
(-1) i2-k2 1kr i2-k2 lk, ~i
Wjk= Ujk= 1 wi=Qj; k=1.2,3,?..,x.
- 4k i = k; 4k i =1k;
CyuReCTBOBaHBe pemeHHH, AOKa3aTenLCTBO CXOAHMOCTH yKopogeHHOH (k = 1, 2, 3,.. . , n)
CHCTeMbi, or;eaxa H eAHHCTBeHHOCTb pemeHHH IIPOBOAHTCH allanorHgHO paCCMOTpeHHOMy
B [4] Aim cnygaH AByX4)a3HOH epe)bi. TOgHO TaK me MOx(eT 6biTb paccMOTpeH caygag
cpembi c nro6raM t1BCnoM rpaHHn pa3Aena 4)a3.
2. B HeKOTOp1IH MOMeHT BpeMeHH t = ti rpaHH1bI pa3Aena c a3 cnnsaIOTCH, H aaAaga
CTe~aHa Ana Typexr2aaHOH cpeAbr Bbipo?K aeTCH B ypaBHeHne TenJIonpoBoAHOCTH AnH BCeH
HccneAyeMoH o6naCTH 0 < x < 1B 3TOM cnygae pemeane HmeM B BHAe:
u (x, t) = (Do (t) i 1 x + ms (t) x + 2
T 21 A~ (t) sin 1 IX, (8)
a2ui (x, t)
s BoaMOH(HOezb paanolKeHHH BblTexaeT H3 CymeOTBOBaaHH ax2 (i = 1, 2, 3).
B . Ue2leaae nnaegHoro wieHB, cTOnIInero nepeA cyMMoii, ynygmaeT CxOAIIMOCTh B xpar&HHx
3oHax. Bo BHYTpeBHHX aonax, cornacao (4), On o6pamaeTCa B 0.
s? CHCTeMa (6) - (7) TepHeT CMbuCJI IIPH ~I (t) = ~2 (t). HO3TOMy MOMeHT t = ti
BbrgHCJIneTCH npn6JIHx(enHO H3 yCJIOBHH, `ITO 8 = ~2 (ti)- ~I (t) AOn o nO CTaTb McHbme
no6oro HanepeA 3aAaHHoro 'Hum (B npOBeAeHHbrx pacgeTax 8 = 0,001).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
rAe ut (x, t1), tHrpalolgaH poab HaganbHoro yCJIOBnH, nMeeT pa3pblB npoH3BoAHOH npH
x = b1 (ti) = S2 (t1) = ~. B CBH3H C 3TIIM AJIH Jiygn(ei1 annpoiwiMaAHH 3TOii ()IyHKI[HH
IIpHXOAIITCH HCno5b3oBaTb AOBOJ1bHO MHOrO K03((1((IH1neHTOB Dypbe Ak (t1) (k = 1, 2, 3,...,n1)
(B pacgeTax 6iIJIO HPHHHTO n1 = 25). OAHaHo A k (t1) (k = 1 , 2, .. . , n1) JIerio onpeAe-
JIHIOTCH B 3aMKHyTOH (OpMe iepe3 113BeCTHble 143 pemeHHH npegbIJ;y1jei Tpex4 a3H033
3ajaxlH Alk (t1) H A3k (t1) (k = 1, 2,... , n2), l1ICJ10 HOTOpbIX MOM(eT 6bITb 3HaiInTeJIm110
McHbme (nopHAHa n2 = 7):
kick i 21A3j (ti) 2/ (- 1)JAij (ti)
Ak (ti) = sin 7C (t - E)2 /2 k2 - ~S2 1 /2 k2
9=1 T 2 3 1 t2 12
- (t \2 1~0 (ti) ~3 (tl)].
HOJ{oCTaIOIuHe nprr n1 > n2 H03((HrHeHTbI Alk (t1) H A3k (t1) MOM(HO HPHIIHTb paB-
HbIMH 0'". Ko30IIwTeHTbi Ak (t) HpH t > t1 onpegeJIHIOTCH nOCJIe 3TO1'O H3 (lOpMyJlbi:
4 f k2 ,W
2 12 Ak (t) = Ak (ti)e + k~c S e 12 I(- 1)kq)' (k) - ?o (X)] d?,;
3. B MOMBBT HHBepCHII 3HaHa Quo (t) npH t = t2 HagfHaeTCH o6pa3OBaHHO IIOBOII
( a3bl. CHCTOMa 06rIKHOBeHHbIX AHOepeHguaJlbHbIX ypanHeHHA, OHHCbIBaIOIgas AHH3MHKy
TeMnepaTypHOrO IIOJIH H (a30BO1i rpaHngll B AByxtf a3HOH cpeAe [4], TepHeT CMIICJI npH
~(W = 0. H03TOMy pemeHHe 3aga'1H IIpH t > t2 HyM(HO Ha iHHaTb C MOMCHTa t = t2 + b
(b McHbHIO nio6or0 Harepeg 3agaHHoro gncna), K KOTOpOMy rpaHliia pa3AeJIa (()a3 ?Hpo-
J(BHHeTCH Ha A~ = ~ (t2 + b).
BCJII*IHHCa 0~ onpegOaReTCH cneAyioignM o6pa3oM. Ha IIHTepBa1 o t2 < t < t2 + b
u1 (x, t) H b (t) C AOCTaTO4HOH TO'1HOCTLIO MOSHIIO HPHHHTb McHHIOlgHMHCH JIHHeriHO,
an2 (x, t) aU (x, t2)I
ax , Talc lcalc u2 (x, t) HenpepblBHa no t-nocTOHHHIIM, paBHbIM q= ax
a x
x=1; (t) =0,
HaiigeHHOMy H3 (8) npn t = t2. 3TII o6CTOHTe.IbCTBa n03BOJIHIOT JIerKO HaiiTH 0~ (t2 + b)^?
H3 ypaBIIeHHH, noJlygalolgeroco npH t2 < t < t2 + b H3 (5):
00 (t2 + b) - ?'2q= Q - -
A~ s .
Hak3AeHHuIe 3HageHHH t;, (t2 + b) (b -> 0) H u (x, t2) HpH ~ (t2 + b) < x 10-5 -
mar yMeHbmaeTCH B.I(BOe H c ieT Ha4HHaeTCH cnoBa c t = tn. Hatra abH1I s mar HpHHn-
MaeTCH paBHLIM 0,5 n B npogecce C4eTa BupaCTaeT go 64 4ac.
B CBH3H C OTpHgaTenbHOCTb1O KO3OHQHeHTOB npH Aik (t) B npaBLix 4acTHX (6)
Aik (tn + hn) onpegeJHIOTCH no 4opMyne (i = 1, 2, 3; k = 1 , 2, ... , 15):
-yik (tn>'h
Aik (tn hn) =Aik (tn) e -Jik (tn) - hn Rik (tn) ' e n
dik (tn)
a2k27c2
rge ~ik (tn) _ (t, (tn) - i-1 (tn)12 , hn - mar no t; Rik (tn) - 3nagennI npaaux gacTei
B (6) 6e3 ~ik (tn)' Aik (tn). B CBH3H C TeM, HTO ui (x, 0) 3agaIoTCH B Ta6JIHYHOM BIIJ(e
(B HacTOHIgeM cny'ae - na Moj{eJIH nccneAyeMLix npoI eccoB), Aik (0) Bhi'ncJlaIOTCH McTO-
AOM CBMncona.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
AnupoxcHMagHST ui (x, t) 3aBHCHT OT HIara paa6HeHBH no x. Ha (Hr. 1 HoxaaaHa
annpo} cHMaL(HB u2 (x, 0) (0,05 < x < 1) HpH pa3JIHgHOM qiicjje Hoa 4InI 1eHTOB C OHTH-
MaJlbHhiM iuaroM hx = 0,05; 3Aecb me Hao6paxceHa auupoHCHMa1(HB TOR Me KpnBOH HpH
hx = 0,2.
(DHr. 2. TeMHepaTypxoe-none HpH t = tI H ero aunpoxcHMaunH HpH pa3JIHtIHOM gHCJIe
Ak (tI) (k.= 1, 2, 3, ... , 25); GO = - 3?
I-u,(x,t,); 2-u,(x,t,); 3-n2=5; 4-n2=7; 6-n1=11; 6-n2=15; 7-ns=25
I-X,M f,(t,)=E?fitX
'Dnr. 3. gi = Ei (t) Bpi pa3jiHgBbtx Ocp: -3? (1); -7? (2); -12? (3)
A - omaoiDaaHaa cpeAa; B - AByxOaaaax cpeAa; B - Tpex(DaaHaH cpeAa
Ha i)Hr. 2 n3o6paHieHa TeMnepaTypHaR KpBBaB D MOMenT, xorAa rpaHnnbI paaAeJ1a
j a3 CJIHBaIOTCB. 3Aecb We HpHBegeHa annpoiwamaIHB aTOH KpHBOH HpH pa8JIH9HOM
vHcne Ak (t1). Ha 4mir. 3 npHBeReH xo iaMeHeHHn rpaHHn pa3Rena cfa3 as HOJIHbIH
nH}JI HpH pa3JIH4HbIX BCp?
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Pemenne 3aga'in TeMnepaTypaoro pexcnMa 891
HpoBegeHHMe pac'IeTM noxa3aJln, WO BeJin'IHHa ~i(t) onpegenneTCH AoCiaTO*iao TOTIHO
IIpn ManMx n (MOMHO orpaan'mTbcg n = 3), B TO BpeMH xax TeMnepaTypaoe none (xax H
CJiegOBa31O omHgaTb) - npn Hecxonbxo 6onbmeM n - nopr Ka 7. Tax xax OJ(HOI3 x3 cne-
I;H(ix'Iecxxx oco6exnocTen 3aAa'I C IIOJ[BHHSHbiMM rpaHHI;aM1 pa3geJIa ( laa HBJISIeTCH TO,
WO He3HagnTe.lbxag omH6xa B oupej;enexnn TeMnepaTypaoro noun npaxTl'IecHH He Cxa-
abisaeTCH Ha J{BHweHHM rpaHnu paaj{eula (laa [5], npn npoBeJ[ennn xoHHpeTHMx pac'IeTOB
MOMHO orpaHu*i1Tbcg CJiy*IaeM n = 3, M pemenne MO neT 6MTb nouIyYeHO Ha MamhHax py'i-
Horo cueTa.
ABTOp C'IHTaeT CBOIIM goJIrOM BMpa3MTI, 6JIarogapHOCTb B. A. HygpHBgeBy 3a png
IjeHHbix yxa3aHIII3.
MOCxoBCHHA rocyJkapcTBeHHMH yHMBepenTeT IIOCTynnuial
HM. M. B. JloMoHocOBa 15. X 1959
1. P y 6 M H M T e II H JI. H. 06 oHpegeJieHHH nonomeHnn rpaH1n a1 pa3geJIa 41a3 B oJj-
HoMepHOA 3aga'Ie CTe laHa. )JoxJI. AH CCCP, 58, N 2, 1947.
2. P y 6 H H m T e H H JI. H. H BOIIpOCy 0 'IncJleIIHOM pemeHHH 3aJ{a'III CTe~aHa. Has.
BMCI. y'I. 3aBegeunli, cep. MaTeM., N 4, 1958.
3. H a m e H o M O C T C x a q C. JI. 0 3aga'Ie CTe4 aHa. Hay'iH. JSOHJi. BMCm. mxoumi, 1,
N 1, 1958.
4. M e a a m e p B. r. CBeJjeHHe saJ[a'IH CTe(lana R CHCTeMe o6MKnOBeHHMx gH#epen-
I;HanbHMx ypaBHe1Hi3. 113B. AH CCCP, cep. reoc n3., N 7, 1958.
5. JI e i3 6 e H 3 0 H JI. C. H Bonpocy o 3aTBepJ[eBaHHH 3eMHOro mapa H3 nepBoEa'IaJIb-
Horo paciuaBJlenHoro COCTOHHHH. H3B. AH CCCP, N 6, 1939.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
143BECT14H AI{AAEMHII HAYI{ CCCP
F iaBHOII 3aAaMekl 3HepreTHKH aTMOC(ep1il HBJI CTCH II3yileHHe 3HepreTHqecKHx HpII-
*IHH B03H1IKHOBeHHSI B03AYIIIHbIX Te*IeHHH 11 HpCBpameHHkI pa3JI1l HbIX BHAOB 3HeprHH B aT-
Moccepe.
OCHOBHbIM IICTO'IIIHKOM KHHeTHgeCKOH 3HeprHH aTMOc(epbl BBnaeTCq HOTCHI(HaJIbHaJ
3Heprna TCpMHYeCKH HeoAIIOpOAHoro HOna, Cyn);eCTByIoi ero 3a c ieT HepaBBoMeplioro IIpH-
TOKa COJIHeMiHOII paAHaqHH K 3eM110I3 HOBepXHOCTII. HepepacupeAeaeHIie 3HeprHH ABIIxcy-
H;HXCII Mace BO3AyXa, 3aBHCfll ee OT CTpyHTypbt caMoro AMRCIIHH, MO?KeT oKa3blBaTbCH
CymeCTBeIIIIbiM 4 aKTOpOM C03AaHHH pa3JIlzIHbIX oco6CHHOCTei 1 ilpKyJIggll 1. B cBH3H C
9TIIM H3ygeHHe II3MeHeHIIH RHHeTugecKOH alleprHH aTMOC4epbI H padupeAeneHHa 3HeprHH
Me i ty pa3JIWlHbIMH KOMHOHeHTaMH ABII]KeHHH npn06peTaeT oCO61.IH IIIITepec.
06o3IIatlaa CKOPOCTb B KamgOH TOtIKC C HOMOMb1O 301IaJIbHOH H MepngHOHanbHO1i
COCTaBJIH10H[HX U H v, KaHiAyIo 113 KOTOPbIX MOHtHO IIpeACTaBHTb B BHAe CYMMbI cpeAHeH
BenHM1Hbl 11 OTKJIOHeHHf OT epeAIIeH (o6o3HaiiaeMbix COOTBeTCTBCHHO MepTOM 11 IIITpHXOM
cBepxy), Hony*IHM o6u elI3BeCTI1oe Bblpaatenne Ana aiieprnII:
E = I (u2 + t.2 + u'2 + l.2) (1)
rAe E - noniaa KHHeTII`IecKaa 3IieprHH eJHIIHUhI MaccaI B03AyXa.
BenngHHa Kaac oro enaraeMoro B (1) 6yAeT cyu ecTBeHHO 3aBMCeTb OT MacmTa6a ec-
peAHeiiila 1i OT xapaiTepa crnaMHBaiiHn HCXOAI1blX AaHHbix 0 BeTpe. HOCnejiiee OHpeAe-
naeTCa HHepTHOCTbIO 133MepHTenbHbIX npH6opoB HnH ocpeJHnloiieH cnoco6HOCTbIO BbItIMC-
nIITenbHblX cxeM. HHbIMII CJIOBaMH, ncxo iIue u H V MOrYT 6aITb IIOny'IeHMI H3 IIa6.Jno eHHH
yxie Kax ocpeAHeHHbie Ana HeKOTOpOH o6naCTH IIpoCTpaHCTBa HJIH BpeMeHi, Torja nynb-
caI;nn CKOp0CT1 BHYTPH 3TOII o611aCTII OxamyTCH BHe Halnero paCCMOTpeHHII. TaKHM o6pa-
30M, Bbipaxcenne (1) MOMHO 6ai io 6bl AOIIOJIHHTb c3araeMaMH THna ABYX nocaeJIIHX, OII11-
CIIBa1on HMH ponb nynbcar uii MacIHTa6OB, 6onee McJKHX, ticM Te, 110 MOTOpLIM ocpeAHeHbi
HCxOAHble u H V.
B HaCTOJIIAeH pa6oTe mm IIonb3OBanncb McTOAOM BagIICneHHg CKOpOCTJ1 BeTpa 11 co-
cTaBnaIOIgMX KHHeTntIeCKon 3Heprnn no xapTar 6apHtlecKOH TonorpallHH, npeAJIOH(eHHbMM
A. C. MoHnHbiM [1]. ,II,na B1IYHCJIeHHH HoHeMiHbIX pa3HOCTeI3 reOIIOTeHu 1a1OB npn pac'eTe
CKO OCTII reocTpojlntiecxoro BeTpa 6bin B31T mar 110 IHHpoTe 10? (T. e. nopuAKa 1000 EM).
TaKHM o6pa30M, Typ6yneIITHOCTb BHYTPH 3TOM o6naCTi3 IIBJIgCTCq, c HamleIl TOMKH 3peHHa,
(f Me.uKOMacIHTa6HOlH. Heperyanpinae ABHmeiiHH 60nbmIIHx MacIIITa6OB, KOTOpble 5IBJIHIOTCH
CyIueCTBeHIIOI3 MepTOII 06HJeR I[HPHyJIJ1I Hh aTMOC~epbi, T. e. nnaHeTapHbIX ABn?KeHMH, cny-
xiaT OCHOBHMIMH 3neMeHTaMH MaKpOTyp6ynCIITIIOCTII.
3oHanbHaa H MepHAUGHanbHaH COCTaBJHIOMIle CKOpOCTM oiIpeAennnllcb no (f)OpMynaM
0,62
u COS - bO .M16/cC1i, (2)
0,31
v = sin ,& cos 9 b~ icex, (3)
rAe +9' - AOnOJIHeHIIe InnpoTbl; 6B,b I- npnpaMeHne reonoTenunana Ha 10? BInpOThI H, COOT-
BeTCTBeHuo, Ha 20? AOJIrOTbi.
BbltuicneHHn 11pOBeAOHM HaM1 Ana o6nacTn ceBepHorO nwnyInapln, HaxouI1I;ekic1
cesepuee 30? c. in., 3a 1953 H 1956 rr., Ha yposae 700 .u6. ExieJHeBHbie AaHHMe ocpeAHa-
JIHCb 110 KpyraM IIIMpOTbl.
Ana aHanll3a IOne3HO paccMOTpeTb OTAenbHO RMHeTHtleCKyiO aneprilo cpeAHero ABM-
HieHHa (E), OIIHCblsaeMylo IICpBbIM cnaraeMblM B (1); 3Heprni0 MaxpOTyp6yneHTHOCTM (b) -
CyMM0i1 TpeTberO n geTBepToro caaraeMblx; aneprnl0 Bcex 3OHanbHbIx ABIIMeHMIi (E.) -
eyMMOH HepBoro 11 TpeTberO cnaraeMbix; aHeprHio Bcex MepHAMOHanbIIMX ABMHCeHHH (Ea
OUHCblBaeMy1O B nameM cnytiae OAHHM tieTBepTNM caaraeMblM (Tax xaK v = 0).
CaaraeMble, OIIHCuIBalouu1e aleprnio MaKpOTyp6yneHTHOCTII u'2 H v'2, BMecTe C Benn-
tIHHOH
1C=uv = u'V',
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HOTOpag OnpeACJIHeT MepHJ1;HOHa.IbHbIA JOTOK KOJIn'lecTBa ABISHHCHIIH, HBJIHIOTCH KOMHO-
IICIITaMH HOppeJIHI[noHHOrO TCH3opa HOJIH CKOpOCTH.
BeJIHYHHa it onpeAeJIHeT TaKlHe H Mepii iiouaJIbHbi1I HOTOK MOMCHTa KOJn{ eCTBa
ABnHHeHng, KOIIBepreHiuHH' KOToporo, np0HOpuHOHa.IbHa5] BeJIIhIIIHC - a$ it sii23,
HBJIHCTCH 0AISIIM 113 4)aKTOpOB II3MeHeHHsI CpeAIIei 3OHaJIbIIOii CKOpOCTH U, T. e. OAHIiM M3
a1TOp0B Ii3MCIICIIIIH KHHeTHileCKOH 3Heprnn CpeiHer0 ABIDKeHHH.
ApyrnM HpogeccoM, peryJlnpyl0H[JM nepepacnpejeJieHHe KHIIeTwlecxoi3 3HeprHH,
HBJIneTCH o6MeH Memly 3Hepriieii epegiiero (E) Ii Typ6y.ICIITHoro (b) ABHSKeHHM. CKOpOCTb
3Toro o6MeHa CyIIJeCTBeIiHO 3aBHCHT OT HIHpOTHTIX 113MeHeHnIi JIOKa.Iblloro HHAeKCa 30-
HaJIbII0i3 gHpHyJ1HAHH, KOTOp1IH gHcjieHHo onpeJ{eJIHeTCH (B TbICH'IHbTX AOJIHX yrJIOBoi3
2,1 -
1= U.
AJi5 C.Iy'la} 30IIaJIbHO ocpeJHeimoro AB1?KeHIIH CKOpOCTb o6MeIIa HHHeTIi'IeCKOH 3Hep-
rneH MCKAy cpeAiiH II nyJIbCa1110HHbIM J(BHMeHHeM, OTHeceHIIag K eAHHHAe Maccal, MOHHeT
6bITb BM-HICJIena no 4)OpMy.ie
A = - 0,43.10-6 sin 3S1. 7, ,it2 ,cex3, (6)
rAe 6I - n3MCHeIIHe IIHACKca qnpxyJIHIlHn npH 113MeHenIin HIHpOThI Ha 10'.
B OTJIII?IIie OT MCJIKOMacHITa6iIoI3 Typ6y.IenTHOCTH MaKpOTyp6yJIeHTHOCTb MOSKeT BbI-
CTynaTb 110 OTHOnien no K epeAIIeMy ABIi?KCHHIO He TOJIb1O HaI AIiCCIInaTHBHbI3r c aKTOp
(KorAa A JOJIO)EHTeJIbiio), 110 MOHHCT CJIyHHIITb TaiHHe H HCTO?IIIHHOM 3HeprHH epeAliero
ABIi3HCIIHII. B nociieJ>,IIeM CJIy?Iae K0344I1111CITT MalpOTyp6yJICIITIIOH BSi3KOCTH OHa3bIBaeTCH
OTpIIuaTeJIbIIbiM [1].
3TH ABa Hpogecca, BJIISHIOIUIC Ha nepepaCnpe3eJIelHle KIIHeTHTIeCKOIi 3HeprHH, SIB-
JIHIOTCSI BHyTpeHIIHMH no OTHoIIIeHHIo K MaxpOJl,BHmeHHHM. Biiemnne Hpogeccal: 06MeH
KIIIIeTH?ICCIHOb 3Heprnn C noTeHiAHajIalion, C alepriiei Typ6yJleIlTHOCTH McJIKHx MacHITa6oB,
AnccHnaI- n KHHeTIMCCKOIu 3HeprnH 3a CWT BSI3KOCTII Ii HpCBpan[eHHe BO BliyTpeHHIOIo
aneprnio 3ACCb iie pacCMaTpIBaIOTCH.
0630p pa60T, nOCBHMeHHbIx 3aTparIlBaeMbIM 3geeb BonpocaM, JMeeTCH B [1] n B pe-
i epaTHBIIOIi CTaTbe [2 , rAe npiineJ{eHa AOCTaTOTIHO HOJISIal 6Ii6JIHOrpai H5.
Ha ikllr. 1, a AaHO cpaBIleHne CpegHlix AJIH HOJIyIIIap1H HHAeKCOB 3onaJlbnoi3 IUnpHyJIH-
I[IIIi CO cpejHHmH MHorOJIeTIIIiMii AaHHbnln3, IIpHBeAeHHbIMH B [3], H C BhIYHCJIenHbIMH HO
KapTaM X. H. 11orocHHa B [4]. OTCIOAa B1iAII0, IITO rOAOBOIi XOJ[ HHJ[eKCOB I[HpxyJISIqHH B
1953 n 1956 rr. AJIH yponnei3 700 n 500 .H6 AOCTaTO'n1O 6JII330K K MHoroJIeTHeMy.
HlnpoTiioe pacnpeAeJlen ie cpeAlleroAoBbix JIOxaJIblIbIx nlIAeRCOB 30iiaJIbHOH wipxy-
JIHHHi 3a 1953 n 1956 rr. oxa3a.nocb nOgTH 1AeiiTnziHbIM (4 ar. 2, a).
a3iieprii MaxpoTyp6yJleHTnocTn B cpejHeM oxa3binaeTCH 60Jlbine 3HeprnH yHopHAO-
?Ieinloro 3anaAHO-BOCTO?IHOrO nepeHoca,'ITO rOBOpHT 0 6oJIbmeM yAeJIhIiOM Bece 3iieprnii
MaxpOTyp6yJIeIITHOCTn, T. e. LJnKJIOH1TIeCKOII AeHTeJlbnocxn B 06iueft 3HeprnH aTMoc(epbl
(Ta6AHH4a, 4nir. 2, a).
IIIHpOT1IOC pacrpeAeJleHHe cpeAHerOAoBbIx COCTaBJISIIOUkHX KHHeTililecxo1l aHeprnii
/',', It,/ceK2
41,4
45,0
48,6
54,3
64,4
6),4
76,5
75,6
72,9
E, % K
E
17,2
17,4
16,2
22,1
29,8
44,9
46,9
47,4
53,4
b >
>
82,2
82,6
83,8
77,9
70,2
55,1
53,1
52,6
46,6
Ep >
I>
57,4
49,2
49,0
45,8
39,0
31,1
23,3
19,9
17,8
I,-
42,6
50,8
51,0
54,2
61,0
68,9
76,7
80,1
82,2
1/ il'2 U
I>
25,4
33,4
34,8
32,1
31,2
24,0
29,8
32,7
28,8
E, .112/cesJ2
47,4
47,1
49,1
58,4
72,9
80,5
79,9
78,2
69,0
E, % K
F.
19,6
15,4
13,1
19,3
28,0
38,0
46,3
47,5
50,9
b >
i>
80,4
84,6
86,9
80,7
72,0
62,0
53,7
52,5
49,1
Ea >
I
56,4
50,8
50,7
45,5
38,2
31,9
23,6
20,6
17,0
E
43
6
49
2
3
49
54
5
61
8
68
1
76
4
79
4
83
0
X
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
1J2 U2I
24,0
33,8
36,2
35,2
33,8
30,1
30,1
31,9
32,1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
894 r. B. rpyaa
3aMeTHM, 19TO HOJIHan xHHeTH'IecxaH aHeprHH B CesepxoM nonymapHH B 1956 r. 6Hna
6onbHie, iieMB 1953 r., HMeHHO 3a CMeT MaxpOTyp6yneHTHOCTH,iiTO,BQpOSITHO, MOHfHO 06'bHc-
HHTL yBeJHeemaeM B 1956 r. cOJIHe'HoH axTHBHOCTII [5].
(I)Hr. 1. roJ{oBOH xo) H H3oUneTbi
a - HHaeaca nHPHyJIHenH Ha fPOBHe 700 H 500 M6; 6 - HHneaca IIHpIty.IHIINH; r -
aHeprHH Cpejaero aBHHieHHH; 2-aHeprHH MaHpOTyp6y2ICHTHOCT1ff; 10- HOJIHOO HHHPTH9e-
cxoN aeeprnn. I - cpenHee MHoroJleTHee; 2 - no AaHHbIM x.rI. IIorocHHa; 3 - 1953 r
4 - 1956 r.
AaHHbie o MHpOTxbIX HaMeHeHHfix H rOJ{OBOM xoJ{e Beex BhIgHCJieHHSIX BenagIH HpH-
BeJjeHbl HaMH B BHge HaouJIeT Ha ~Hr. 1 H 3. HaonHHHH cocTaBnaIOHTax aHeprHH Ha 3THx
pHcyxxax HpHBe/{efbi AJIH cooTBeTCTByiOH(Hx aHa'eHHH CKOpOCTH iepe3 2 M/CeA, Bbx9HCneH-
Hbxx xax xopeHa xaaJ(paTHhIt3 H3 yJ;BOeHHOH aHeprHH (giig HarniAHOCTH HyHKTHpOM Hpo-
BeJ{eHbx HpoMeatyTOHHaIe H30JIHHHH).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
KHHeTHQecxaH aHeprHH aTMOCC)epBblx JjBHHCeImi 895
Ann Bcex BenH'IHH xapaxTepHO HanrtIHe neTHero MHHHMyMa H 3HMHero MaKCHMyMa.
OTMeTHM, 'ITO B TO BpeMH Kax JJHI BeIHtIHH I, E, Ea, E xapa}Tepno Hann4He MaxcH-
MyMa B cy6TponHiecxol3 3oHe, aHeprHH MaxpoTyp6yneHTHOCTH b J{oCTHraeT MaKcHMyMa
B Bone 50-55? c. in. H CpaBHHTenbHO caa6o MenHeTCa C HIHpoTOI3, a aHeprHH MepHJ;Ho-
Hanbabrx J[BirmeHHH E,; MaxcHManbaa B 3oae 50-70? c. in. H y6bIBaeT x Iory. .JIHHHH
B BHJje TOqeK Ha ~Hr. 3, 6, a o603HagalOT IHHporbr, rJ{e coOTBeTeTBeHHo Ex = Ea
H il'2 = v'2. Ha 4nr. 3, a HpeJ{cTaBneHbr Haonneml nOHBepreHRHH HOTOKa xonnglecraa
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
MCB1,HIHx MacHITa60B, AoxoAa1IIHx go MoJlexyJlapB01i B93KOCTII, ornicali AJ1a cJiy*iaa McJI-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CxounMOCTb psi a (4) )r iy%maezca ripii yBeJHtieHHn D.Tax,HanpHMep, npa t = 50 vac.
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
I 2 ---- 3 ? 4
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
npaBJIeHHH BeTpa B 1O}KHOM IIOJIylllapHH OT HanpaBJIeHHSI Teue-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BIOJIJIETEHI) COBETCKOH AHTAPKTIJUECKOPI
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
JIHeTCSI pacnoJloxceHHe KOpa6Ji5I .naroM K BOJIHe. B 3TOM cayuae CyJHO
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JI. (1). T H T 0 B. BeTpOBble BOJIHbI Ha oKeaHax H Mopax. FHJjpoMeTeoH3AaT, 1955.
19
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta6Aut4a 2 Ta6n.ut4a 3
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20
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
51BJI5ieTCSI noMeiueHHe TpIOMa 3a OKOJIO rHpOKOMnaCHOro OTcexa. flp1
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TBHH,ie4HOrO noMeIUeHHH, pHAOM C rHpOKOMnaCHbIM OT)I JIeHHeM.
170CTynuna 13JX 1958 e.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BID IJIETEHL COBETCKOH AHTAPKTHcIECKOH
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OmKAoueuue omBeca s AHmapicmude
OCHOBOII aJISI KapTOrpa(JJH4eCKHX pa6oT B AHTapKTHJ[e cJ1y}KaT
aCTpOHOMngecKHe nyHKTbI. Flo npHH5ITOIi KJIaCCH(pHKauHH HX MO}KHO OT-
HeCTH K HYHKTaM IV KJIacca. OIIIH6KH BO B3aHMHOM nOJIO}KeHHH JIByX
TIyHKTOB, 'no-BHJJHMOMy, He HpeBbILHalOT 250 M. O. HaKO OTKJIOHeHHH OT-
Beca MOryT BHeCTH 3Ha4HTeJIbHO 60JIbHIIHe oIIIH6KH. H03TOMY HpeJ[CTaB-
JIHeT HHTepec OUeHHTb B03M0}KHble HeBH3KH. Ha116omlee 6JlaronpHHT-
HbIM ,L JIH 3TOIi IjeJIH HO nOJIHOTe H3y4eHHOCTH HBJIReTC5I y'aCTOK HpH-
6pe}KHOII nOJIOCbI OT Bepera JleonoJlbJja m ACTpHJ[ 90 Bepera HOKCa.
ZjJi5T npHBe.L eHH51 KOOpAHHaT y H ? aCTpOHOMHileCKHX nYHKTOB K
npHHHTON o6njerocyaapCTBeHHO1I CHCTeMe reo,le3H4eCKHX KOOp.L HHaT B
H L Heo6xoJJHMO onpeJ eJIHTb noTipaBKH A y= B- cq H A X= L-X. To4-
Hble 3Ha'eHH5I nonpaBOK MOrYT 6bITb onpe.geJIeHbI HO rpaBHMeTpH4e-
CKHM H aCTpoHOMo-reo,1 e3H4eCKHM aaHHbIM [1]:
T = - (~QO -?O_Q~
-(-q + A-q,aO + X-q) sec . 70 3jecb J H 1, - cocTaBJ15uo1jHe OTKJIOHeHHH OTBeca B 1JIOCKOCTH Me-
pH,THaHa H nePBOro BepTHKaJIa, onpeaeJTHeMble no rpaBHTaUHOHHOMY
no-110 B o6JIacTH ao BOKpyr nyHKTa. UBe HOCJIeaHHe Ho'npaBKH - 3a
BJIIISIHHe aaJIbHHX 30H H 3a nepexoq OT HOPMaJIbHOr0 rpaBHMeTpHqe-
cKoro cc?epoH a (B gaHHOM CJiy4ae c epoHaa FeJlbMepTa) - K npH-
HHTOMY re01je3meCKOMy pe(pepeHu-3JIJIHncoHJjy B HaLHHX YCJIOBHHX He
MOryT 6bITb onpe.r eJIeHbI. O, Ha'KO aOrIYCKaeMa5l oIIIH6Ka H3-3a Hey4eTa
AaJIbHHX 30H (1jo 1000 KM) lIpH6JIH}KeHHO MO}KeT 6bITb oueHeHa, a no-
npa'BKH 3a 60Jiee aaJieKHe 30HbI H nonpaBKH 3a nepexo K HPHH51TOMy
reoJje3H4eCKOMy 3JIJIHnCOHJjy H3MeH5IIOTCH McJjJIeHHO H Ha pa3HOCTb
IDHPOT H ) OJIrOT OTHOCHTeJIbHO 6JIH3KHX HyHIKTOB BJIHHIOT MaJIO. Ho-
3TOMY nPHMeM
0~=-EQO, a e).=-71OOsecy.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ha Bb16paHHOM y4aCTKe COCTaBJISI1OHuHe OTKJIOHeHHSI OTBeca 6bIJlli
BbI4HCJIeHbI Ha 23 HyHKTaX, KOTOpble HaMetIaJIHCb 109 Ha'J e}KHOr&
HHTeprOJIHpOBaHH51 C y4eTOM H3MeHeHHH rpaBHTauHOHHOrO HOJISI. BbI-
4IICJIeHH51 BbInOJIHeHbI HO McTOAy. BHepBble AeTaJIbHO pa3pa6OTaHHOMy
M. C. 3BepeBbIM. Ha 6OJIbHIeH 4aCTH nyHKTOB CyMMHpOBaHHe aHoMa-
JIHII BbInOJIHeHO AO 10-13 30HbI (r=209 /CM), Ha HHTH HyHKTaX-AO
1 1 Al 30HbI (r= 262 /CAI) H Ha MITH HyHKTaX - AO 9-fl 30HbI (r= 166 /CM)
PHC. 1. OTKJIolleHlle oTBeca B AHTaPKTHae Ha yvaCTKe OT Bepera Aeono.lbAa
H ACTPHa Ao Bepera HoKca.
a - COCTaB.'IBIoHgaB OTK.7OHCBHB B MepHAIIaHe - Ew ; 6- COCTaB.IBIOHIaB OTK.'IOHeH}IB B
IIepBOM BepTHKaJIe - Tte
CpeAHHe KBaapaTH4eCKHe OIIIH6KH, BbI3blBaeMble B.IHHHHeM Hey4TeH-
HbIX aaJlbHHX 30H (OT 200 7,0 1000 /CM), BJIHHHHeM OIIIH':60K rpaAHeH-
TOB aHOMaJIIHH B ueHTpaJIbHOH 30He H BJIHSIHHeM OIHH60K OnpeAeJleHus
cpeJ HHX 3HaLIeHH1u aHOMaJIHI'I BO BCeX y4TeHHbIX 30HaX HOJIy4HJIHCb CO-
OTBeT'CTBeHHO pa'BHbIMH ?0",6; ? 1~~,1 H ?0",2. CyMMapHan OHIH6Ka
paBHa ? 1",3.
Pe3yJIbTaTbl npeACTaBJ1eHbI Ha pHC. 1. COCTaBJIHIOIILHe OTKJIOHeHHSF
OTBeCa B HJIOCKOCTH MepHAHaHa H3MeHHIOTC5T OT +8,8 A0 -6",1, a a
23
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1TJIOCKOCTH nepBoro BepTHKaJIa OT +5,4 . o -8",0. MaKCHMaJIbHbie pa3-
HOCTH ROCTHralOT COOTBeTCTBeHHO 15 H 13".
TaKHM o6pa3OM, OIBH6KH B Onpe/jejieHHH paCCTOSIHHH Me)Kay nyHK-
TaMH, Hafp,HMep, B BOCT04HOM TIaCTH paI3oHa (o. Mwn.ri - 0. BoyMaH --
BaHrep-XHJIc) MOryT aOCTHraTb 500 M TOJIbKO 3a CT-IeT yKJIOHeHH1 OT-
Beca. OIUH6KH, BbI3bIBaeMble OTKJIOHeHHeM OTBeca, H OIIIH6KH Ha6Jilo-
.aeHHN MOryT BbI33BaTb He onYCTHMbie HeB5I3KH.
HCCJIe,RoBaHHbIR yT-IaCTOK XapaKTepH3yeTC3I cpaBHHTeJIbHO He60JIb-
iIIHMH OTKJIOHeHHSIMH OTBeca: cpeJ1HHe KBaJJ.paTHieCKHe 3Ha'-IeHHH ~ H TI
COOTBeTCTBeHHO paBHbl 3,9 H 3",2. 3HaIIHTejibHo 60JIbIIIHX OTKJIOHeHHH
Mo3KHO 0}KHRaTb Ha upyrHx yTIacTKax, HanpHMep Ha Bepery KopoJix
Feopra V H Ha 5epery OTca, rjie alloMaiiHH J113MeHSIIOTCSI 6oJiee MOHO-
TOHHO, a rpaaHeHTbI JROCTHralOT 4 M.J2 Ha KHJIOMeTp. K co>KajieHHIO, 9TH
y4aCTKH OCBetljeHbI He,IoCTaTOT-IHO.
f oJIylleHHbie pe3yJlbTaTbl aOKa3bIBaIOT ueJlecoo6pa3HOCTb nOCTa-
HOBKH rpaBHMeTpHTIeCKHX.C'beMOK Boxpyr aCTpOnyHKTOB. DTH pa60Tbl
MoryT 6bITb BbI'HOJIHeHbI OJjHOBpeMeHHO C aCTpOHOMH4eCKHMH HJIH Apy-
rjiMH 6eperOBbIMH HCCJIe,OBaHHHMH.
IlocrynuAa 17/VII 1959 e.
1. E p e m e e B B. D. BbIVHCJneHHe nonpaBOK 3a yKJIOlteexe oTBecHblx nHHHfi.
CoopH. CTaTeil, Bbm. VIII, Feoue3H3AaT, M., 1945.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BIOJIJIETEHb COBETCKOH AHTAPKTHIIECKOIY
3KC17EJ H4HH N 17, 1960
BoraHu'iecKUU JI. H. CABH J-JJIOBHL(KAiJ,
UHCTUTyr 3. H. CMHPHOBA,
AKadeMUU nayK CCCP doxropa
6uonoeu4ecKUx xayK
HosaJi pa3KO6udfcocmb Bryum Korotkevicziae
Sav.-Ljub. et Z. Smirn.
B cpeapa,ne 1957 r. M. M. Fo.n.nep6axoM '6bIJiH co6paxbI Bb16pOCb1
MXa Ha HJ-x}Ke C BOCTOgHOH CTOpOHbI OJjH0r0 H3 60JIbLIHX o3ep (6o.nee
0,5 KAt B aiiaMeTpe) KMa.ioro oa3HCa> , B 15 KM K ceBepO-3a'na ay OT
BaHrep-XHJIca. 3TOT MOX OKa3aJ1C5i pa3HOBKaHOCTb1O onHcaHHOrO HaMH
Bryum Korotkevicziae 1. Bona B 3TOM 03epe, no aaHHbIM M. M. Foil-
Brep6axa, npeCHaH, C COJOBb1M npHB}LyCOM, pH OKOJIO 7,82; ray6HHa
o3epa OKOJIO 1,5 M. CKB03b npO'3pa4HbIH JIejj Ha L He 6b1JIH BH HbI
CnJIOuIHble nJieHKH BOA0pOCJ1eI, 1OKpbIBaBIIIHe 3apOcJliH MXa. BbI6p0Cbl
MXa o6pa3oBbIBaJIH Ha 6epery 03epa BaJIHK 60Jiee 10 M UJIHHOH, napaJi-
JIeJIbHbIH ype3y BOLjbI. MaCCOBble Bbl,6poCbl MXa 06yCJIOBJIeHbI CHJIbHbIM
B0JIHeHHeM BOJ1,bI, Bb13bI'BaeMbIM BOCTOqHbIMH BeTpaMH, H McJI'KOBOj-
HOCTbIO o3epa.
Ha 6eperax rJly6oxoBouxoro o3epa (DHrypxoro, OTKy.i[a 6blJi onli-
caH Bryum Korotkevicziae, BbI'6pOcbi mxa He Ha6JIIoaaJiHCb, HpH4eM B
McJIKOBOJjHbIX 4.aCT5iX 03epa, no c006H[eHHIO M. M. I'OJIJiep6axa, 3a-
POCJIH MXa He 6bIJLH o6Hapy}KeHbl.
Bryum Korotkevicziae, 'BHIWMO, Jiy4Hie pa3BHBaeTC54 B rJiy6oKoBo L-
HbIX YCJIOBHBX o6HTaHHH, H60 B McJIKHX BOJjoeMax OH yrHeTaeTCH Mac-
COBbIM pa3BHTHeM 'Ha HeM fJ1eHOK BoJ OpocJleH. KpoMe Toro, npH
CHJIbHOM BOJIHeHHH ero 4aCTO Bb16paCblBaeT Ha 6eper, rile OH H
norH6aeT.
IIpH cpaBHeHHH o6pa'3UOB c6op0B M. M. Foji.lep6axa c o6pa3,uaMH
Bryum Korotkevicziae H3 o3epa (PHrypHOrO BbIICHHJIHCb HeKOTOpble Hx
pa3JIH4H51, r103BOJIIiBIHHe BblAeJ1HTb HOBYIO pa3HOBHAHOCTb 9TOrO BHia.
Var. Hollerbachii S a v. - L j u b. et Z. S m i r n., var. nov.
I JI. H. CaBH4-JIIo6HUKaa, 3. H. CMHpHOBa. HoBbIH BHA poaa Bryum
I-Iedw. 113 Oa3HCa BaHrepa. HH4 opM. 61onji. CoB. allTapKT. 3KCH., Ns 7, 1959.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
PHC. 1. Bryum Korotkevicziae var. Hollerbachii Sav.-Ljub. et Z. Smirn.
I - o6uuHft 06JIHK; 2 - 4aCTb CTC6.RH CO CIIHpaJIbHbIMH Hapy]KHbIMH KJICTKaMH; 3 - 3a-
ocTpeHHaH BepXvulKa .7HCTa; 4 - Cpe3 yepe3 BepxHlolo 9aCTb JIHCTa; 5 - cpe3 Hepe3 OC-
HOBaHHe .7HCTa; 6- K.7eTKH cpep,Hef3 4aCTIi 'IHCTa 6.7x3 Kpa H; 7- KJIeTKH JIHCTa 6JIH3
oCHOBaHHH; 8 - IIOHepeYHbIrI Cpe3 CTe6.7H.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
D e s c r i p t i o. Caulis brevior, densius foliosus, rhizoidibus melius
evolutis (fig. 1, 1). Folia minus remota, brevius decurrentia (fig. 1, 2),
latiora, 1,25 mm longa, 0,5 mm lata, longius acuminata, haud obtu-
siuscula, cellula terminali elongata (fig. 1, 3). Nervus melius evo-
lutus, interdum apicem folii fere attingens, superne saepius bifurcatus,
cellulis substereideis melius evolutis (fig. 1, 4, 5). Laminae foliaris
cellulae latiores, membranis solidioribus, superne elongatae (fig. 1,
3,6,7).
H a bit a t i o. (in 15 km ad boreo-occidentem ab
Bangeri Hills). In ripa orientali arenosa lacus haud profundi, ad
glaciei liquefactae marginem in aqua inventum est. In lacus fundo
crescit et undis maximus pro parte ad ripam ejicitur. M. M. Holler-
bach 10/II 1957 legit.
Varietas haec in honorem M. M. Hollerbachii botanici expeditio-
nis sovieticae antarcticae anno 1957 denominata est.
CTe6eJlb 3Ha4HTeJIbHO KOpO4e, rynie o6JIHCTBeHHblfl (pHc. 1, 1), C
6onee CHJIbHO pa3BHTbIMH pH30HAaMH. JIHCTb1I McHee paCCTaBJIeHHrle,
Kopo4e HH36eralOLIZHe (pHc. 1, 2), B cpeAHeM 1,25 LM 1JIHHbI H 0,5 it,n
LHHpHHbl, AJIHHHee 3aOCTpeHHble, c yAJIHHeHHOil KOHe4HOli KJIeTKOH
(pHc. 1, 3). )KHJIKa CHJIbHee pa3BHTaq, HHOraa a0X0A5Iuaq n04TH 10
BepXylllKH JIHCTa H BBepxy natue pa3ABOeHHaH, Ha cpe3e B BepxHei[
'4acTH ynJIOlueHHaH, C 004TH OAH0p0AHb1MH KJIeTKaMH, B OCHOBaHHH C
,60JIee pa3BHTbIMH Cy6CTepeHAHbIMH KJIeTKaMH (pHc. 1, 4, 5). KJIeTKH
nJIaCTHHKH JIHCTa HIHpe, 6ojiee njIOTHOCTeHHble, BBepxy yAJIHHeHHble
(pHc. 1, 3, 6, 7).
McCT0Haxo}KAeHHe , Bb16pOCbI Ha necgaHOM
nJISI}Ke BOCTO4HOrO 6epera McJIKOBO,jHOFO 03epa, v KPOMKH JIbaa, B Ta-
JIOH BOAe. Co6paH 10 (peBpa.lx 1957 r. M. M. FoJIJIep6axoM.
HOBaH pa3HOBHAHOCTb Ha3BaHa B 4eCTb M. M. Foii.lep6axa, 6o-
TaHHKa COBeTCKOII allTapKTHTieCKOn 3KCneAHuHH 1957 r.
OHa 0TJIH4aeTCSI OT THHH4HOII ()OpMbl pHAOM HpH3HaKOB, OCO6eHH0
(~OpMOII BepXyLiIKH' JIHCTa H }KHJIK01, a TaK}Ke YCJIOBHHMH 06HTaHHO.
170crynuna 19/X 1959 z.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BIC/7.IIETEHb COBETCKOII AHTAPKTHYECKOII
OKCHEAIIIVIH N 17, 1960
9ereepraA P. B. POBFIHCOH,
KOHTuneHTa116HQA CTapucuci WypMaK
aKCReC9U if aft acuaOT pAd a
OcHoBHog aapoHaBu2alluoxuactt memod a AHmapkmuice
OcHoHHOFi McTOJj a3pOHaBHraUHH, KOTOpblki npHMeHSIeTCH coBeT-
CKHMH JIeTLIHKaMH Ha B03AyLLIHbIX TpaccaX Halnef CTpaHbI, 3T0 CaMO-
J1eTOBO}KAeHHe rio MarHHTHOMy KOMnacy, aOrIOJIHeHHoe,HCHOJIb3OBaHHeM
paAHOHaBnraUHOHHbIX cpe,aCTB H Bl13yaJIbHOi opHeHTHpOBKOId nO KaPTe.
H03TOMy HOJIb30BaTbC3] TaKHM McTOJLOM MO}KHO TOJIbKO HpH nOJieTax
HaA XOpOLHO H3yLIeHHbIMH'nPOCTPaHCTBaMH CPeaHHX L1HpOT, r,'je Ha yila-
CTKaX MapuipyTa M2}K,jy paJjHOHaBHTauHOHHbIMH TOLIKaMH noJieT OCy-
nUeCTBJIHeTCH HO JIOKCOJjpOMHH.
Feorpa(pHLiecKHe oCO6eHHOCTH AHTa.pKTHAbi, ee noJIO}KeHHe B BbICO-
KHX HPHHOJIIOCHbIX LHHPOTaX 10}KHOPO nOJlylllapH51, HaJII1LIHe Orp0MHbIX
1YCTbIHHbIX H LIpe3BbILIaiIH0 MaJIO H3y4eHHbIX HPOCTpaHCTB C OjHO06pa3-
HbIM BHAOM 6e3OpHeHTHpHOIi CHe}KHOi3 nOBepXHOCTH, OTCYTCTBHe J OCTO-
BepHbIX KapT, JjaHHbIX 0 MaIHHTHbIX CKJIOHeHHSIX H aHOMaJIHHX H OTCyT-
CTBHe CeTH pa;jHOHaBHraLI,HOHHbIX CpeJjCTB He H03BOJIHJIH nprIMeHHTb
HpH rio ieTax B AHTapKTHJje O6bILIHble McTOJ[bI CaMo.aeTOBO}KJjeHHA 110
JIOKC0,2pOMH,H. LLITypMaHbl, HaHpaBJISI1OIII.HeCSI B a HTaPKTHLIecKY1O 3KC-
ne;jH1[HK), yLIHTbIBaJIII, qTO BBHAy YKa3aHHbIX HPHLIHH npHMeHHTb CaMO-
JIeTOBO}K,aeHHe no MarHHTHOMy KoM'na0'y 6yJjeT HeB03M0}KH0 Aa}Ke npH
noJieTaX B C,paBHHTeJIbHO HeBbICOKHX LHHporax 6eperoBoF 30Hbi. TeM
6oJiee TaKOH McTOJj He MOP 6blTb npHMeHeH npH noJIeTaX B BbICOKOLHH-
pOTHbIX, COBepIIeHHO HeHCCJIeAOBaHHbIX paIIOHaX BHyTpeHHeii LIaCTH
MaTepHKa, rae K TOMY ace nyTb NO JIOKCOIPOMHH Me}Kjy aBYM5i 1W-
CTaTOLIHO y1jaJieHHbIMH Apyr OT Apyra IYHKTaMH 3Ha4HTeJlbHO aJIHHHee
OPTOAPOMHLieCKOro nyTH.
HpaKTHLieCKoe BbInOJIHeHHe nojieTa n0 JIOKCO,2POMHH TPYAH0 OCy-
LL[eCTBHMO. Heo6xo,RHM CJIO}KHbIFi npe,RBapHTeJIbHbIH pacLieT noneTa H
padLIeT 60AbLLIOrO KOJIHLIeCTBa nOnpaBOK, BBOIUIMbIX B KYPC n0 Mepe ne-
peceLieHH51 CaMOJIeTOM reorpa4JH1IeCKHX MepHgHaHOB H H30FOH MarHHT-
Horo CKJIOHeHHSI. HpH Bb1COKOIIIHPOTHOM noiieTe npOHCX0214T 6bICTpOe
H3MeHeHHe J OJIrOTbI caMOJIeTa, LITO 3aTPYAHSIeT y'LIeT yrJIOB CXO}KAeHHSI
MepH1WjHaHOB H BBe;2eHHe COOTBeTCTByIOHI,HX nOnpaBOK B Kypc. KpoMe
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TOrO, jla}Ke IIpH H3BeCTHbIX MarHHTHbIX CKJIOHeHHAX JIHHHH H30rOH B He-
KOTOpbIX BbICOKOIIIHpOTHbIX paiioHax JTe}KaT TaK ryCTO, LITO ripH Hx
nepece4eHHH y4eT MarHHTHoro CKJIOHeHHH Ha MapiupyTe CTaHOBHTCA
BeCbMa IIpH6JIH3HTeJIbHbIM. B paHOHax }Ke 6JIH3KHX K MaII'HHTHOMy no-
Jiiocy no Mepe npH6JI,H}KeHHA K HeMy Ha;ie}KHOCTb pa60TbI MarHHTHOrO
KOM'naCa CHH)KaeTCA, TaK KaK yMeHbLuaeTCSI rOPH30HTaJTbHaF COCTaB-
JIAIOH.laH MarHHTHOI'o no iA 3eMJiH.
B cBoe BpeMA apH nojieTaX Ha.r JlbgaMH ueHTpa.IbHoii 4aCTH Ce-
BepHoro JIeD~OBHTOro OKeaHa IuTypMaHbl B. II. I-Ia jaJIKO, B. H. AKxy-
paTOB, A. H. IIITen.enxo, II. M. BaHIOU.IeBH4, ,IL. H. Mopo3oB, H. M. )Ky-
KOB H up. CTOJIKHyJIHCb c 6OJIbLIIHMH Hey,uo6CTBaMH McToaa caMojieTO-
BO}K,JeHH5T TIO MarHHTHOMy KOMnacy, a nOp0I3 H nOJIH0f erO HenpHro,:~-
HOCTbIO. 3TO 3aCTHBHJIO HX pa3pa'6OTaTb HOBble McTO, br BbICOKOIHHpOT-
HON a3pOHaBHrauiu.
HoBble McTO,rIbI BbICOKOHIHpOTHoii a3poHaBHrauHH, HCnbITaHHble- B
CeBepHOM HOJIyLuapHH, 6bIJI4 nojlo}KeHbI B OCHOBy a3pOHaBHrauHH B
AHTapKTHKe. IUTypMaHaMH flepsOH KOHTHH-eHTaJIbHOII 3KCne;4HUHH
A. H. MopO3OBbIM, B. M. Ty.IHHbIM H M. M. KHpHJIJIOBbIM 6bIJI npH-
McHeH ;aJIH caMOJIeTOBO}KaeHHH aCTpOHOMH4eCKHli KOMnac, KOTOpblii 3a-
TeM npO4HO BoLueJI B npaKTHKy rIOJIeTOB.
fIpH noJIeTaX Ha4 AHTapKTH4OII OCHOBHbIM CTajl McTOa caMOJIeTO-
BO}K4eHHH no aCTpOHOMH4eCKOMy KOMnaCy C HCrIOJIb3OBaHHeM CeTKH
yCJIOBHbIX MepH4iHaHOB Ha KapTax CTepeorpa(pH4eCKOl3 nOJIApHOI%I npo-
eKUHH, npe4JTO}KeHHoii B. H. AKKypaTOBbIM. McTOr 3a'KJII04aeTCA B.
c.ie,'4ylon eM:
Ha nOJIeTHyIO Ka,pTy AHTapKTH,JbI MaCUITa6a I : 3 000 000, BbIHOJI-
HeHHyIO B CTepeOrpa(pH4eCKofi HOJIApHOIi HpOeKUHH, KpoMe o6bI4HbIX
reorpa(JH4ecKHx MepH44HaHO'B, CXO,4ALUHXC51 B ueHTpe KaPTbl B TO4Ke
noJiloca, HaHeceH p iji np5lMbIx JIHHHI{, napaJlJleJTbxbIx gpyr Rpyry Jr
MepH,aHaHy FpHHBH4a. DTH JIHHHH HOCAT Ha3BaHHe yCJIOBHbIX MepH-
ZHaHOB H xapaKTepH3yloT HanpaBJleHHe cesep - Ior OTHOCHTeJIbHo
FpHHBHgCKOr0 MepPuwaHa. I-IepneHUHKyJIApHO HM npOBeaeH ewe 04H0
p5i3 HapaJIJTeJIbHbIX JIHHHFI, T. e. napaJijleJIbHbIX MepH,iHaHy 90?, KOTO-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
-TOBaTeJlbHo, ecJIH JIeTLIHK rIOJIy'IHT npH noJ}eTe BO3MO}KHOCTb Henpe-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HHeM Ha IOr OT MHpHOro K K)}KHOMy reorpa(mm4eCKOMy no ocy. nO.-Ib-
30BaTbCA HM KaK rJlaBHbIM McPHJHaHOM CeTKH y,go6Hee. B 3TOM C.'ly-
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He4HBaeT B rio ieTaX Ha,g AHTapKTHJjOil BbI,COKylo KYPCOBYIO TOgHOCTb.
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HBJIHeTCH CaMOJIeTOBO}K'jeHHe HO a CTpOHOMH4eCKOMy KOMHaCy c }C-
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4eCKOl3 HOJIHpHOIi HpoeKIIHH. Koop)(HHaTHaSI CeTKa yCJIOBHbIX MepH-
,amaHOB pa3BepHyTa Ha 90?, H 3a rJIa'BHblll MepHJjHaH CeTKH HpHHHT Me-
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er0 Ha'6JIIOJjaIOTCH H HPHH'HMa1OTCH BO BHHMaHHe JRJISI yTO4HeHHH Mar-
HHTHOI'O CKJIOHeHHSH.
IIOCTynuita 9/XI 1959 z.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
XPOHHKA
H3,gAHHE TPYJLOB COBETCKON AHTAPKTHgECKOJ1 3KC17EJLH/LHH
COBeTCKHH C0103 nPHH5IJI aKTHBHOe ylacTHe B nPOBeAeHHH Mexcz y-
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OBaHHH Ha AHTapKTII4eCKOM MaTepHKe H B npnJleralouwHx Boaax. B
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
KaK B TpeTbeM TOMe, TaK H B TieTBepTOM Ta6JIHuaM npewnocnaHo
ORHcaHHe McTOJ[HKH pa'60T H H'CrIOJIb3OBaHHbIX npH6opoB.
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n BTOpON KOHTH?HeHTaJIbHOIl 3KCneRauiiH.
17ocrynuna 4/XII 1959 ?.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HakanbHUK JeTeepTOU KOHTUHeHTanbHOS 3KCnedtil4uu A. F. jlpanKuH
coo6uuaeT o pa6oTe e AHTapKTUKe B Hon6pe u deKa6pe 1959 2.:
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Gb111oc;ITCn T0.2bKO OOp.ul/.7b1, Udy(1(ue OTde.2bHOU CTp000ii. Bce 6(KGeHHble 060:31ta-
KeH(1R (.1?a.7b1(' It 60.7bulue 6y1661, 1151e10u(ue odunaiooaoe It CYO1HO1 H01111 COH CIC. H(Inp(1-
0 /I 0 it O, C it c, Z it Z U dl'.), (O.L")M_Hbl 6blTb 00 OSICHCHb( 6bIHOCKOl1 Ha 1(0,1AX CTOTbll.
7. Pa3.11ep ('TCITbU He d0-,JiC('H ilpeobl(11aTb J CTp0H1114 Ha ?Lalllnl(Ke,
6. h p!K011UCU 00.:J1CeH 6blTb 1(p(L103000 nepeaod Ha aH?,7(L!(CK 11(( :i3blK H(733a1iu37
pa6OTb(, CPCLUU.7(!tt U 1/H!!((I1CL700 (16TOpa.
7. Ha KG)ICOO( p/KODUCU 00l1NCHb( 6bITb yKa3aHb1 a(JpeC aoTOpa, C/)a.l(CI,lUA, U.113
U OT'U'CTGO (/10.2HOCTLK)).
8. KOppeKTypbl CTOTeu a6Topa,ll He nocbl.!0?OTCS1.
9. 11pedcraO.U'HHa37 6 pedOKI/Ulo pyKOnuCb CYUTUC'TCS( 0(:OHI(are,16Ho( It HII000ll,ll
U3.11'H('1(uRSI U (30.70.(HOH(ISl.1( HC' nod.u'JICU T. P('daKl(U31 cOxpaH3lOT 3a CO6OU 11(3060
denarh r.('O0.r00u.ubli' pedaNI(UGHHble do1(o:7HeHU,1 U.7U cOi pau((r u;l.
10. P(/Konucu lulnpae.DITh no adpecy: ,IlenUHZpad, 7-101, h5OHT(HKa, ApKTU-
'II'CKUU a (1H TI!J!KTU r/ecKU!-I Ha(/KHO-ucc,71'OOGa Te.76CKU it 1l/ICTI(T1f T, 1)('dlIK((1131 ClG1o,l.tr-
TOH31 C08('T(Yi09 ((0TOpKTII ICCKOU 3KC11edtlf(([fU3.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80TOO246AO55900210001-8
A K A R E M H H H A Y H C C C P
BIOJIJIETEHb
BCEC I03HOro
A CTPOHOMO-rEOAE3B1IECHorO
OBIUECTBA
J 27 (34)
.H3AATEJIbCTBO AKAAEMHH HAYK CCCP
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80TOO246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
B1us"Hb BOSeOWSxoro ACTpOROMO-.
reogeateoxoro o6nteoa. ? 27/.94/
All., Axa4. It yR CCC P. , I WO
52c. k:P.?Cx,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
A H A A E M H H H A Y H C C C P
BIOJIJIETEHb
BCECOIOBHOro
ACTPO HOMO-rEO JLE3FIgECRoro
OBIAECTBA
Ns 27 (34)
1I39ATEJIbCTBO AHAAEM1411 IIAYH CCCP
MOCE{ BA-1960
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
B. B. 0 E Z( bI H C H H 17 (oTB. peAa} Top), M. C. B 0 B P 0 B (sax. OTB. peAaRTOpa),
M. M. r(APAEB, H. T. 3OTHHH, A. A. H3OTOB. H. H. IIAPEHAPO,
H. H. II O H O B, B. A. B P O H III T 9 H (yueimi cexpeTapi.)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1960 r.
A H,A A E M H .H. H A Y H, C C C P
BIOJIJIETEHb BAFO
Ns 27(34)
CTPYKTYPA AAJIEKOf BHEIIWHEfl KOPOHM
19 H101111 .1936 r}
P. A. BPOWMTOH
I4ccJIeAbBaH11fI CTPyHTyphi cWIHeiIHOI xopOHbi nPOH3BOAIJIHCb HeOAHO-
xparno MHOrHMH aBTOpaMH. Haii6oJiee, nowinOe.HCCneAosaHHe .Ho, 3TOMy, BO-
npocy npiHaAJie EHT E. IT. ByrocJlaBcxoH .{1], paccMOTpesmeH, cTpyHTypHbie
(DOPMbI xopoHhi no MaTepHaiiau -15 3aTMeHHA. OAHaxo B ee pa6oTe, Kax H.B pa-
60Tax 6oJI16UHHCTBa Apyrgx aBTOpOB,. HccjieAoaaaHe orpanH*IHBae.Tcx paccTon-
HHxMH B 1,5-2 Rp OT xpan AHCKa.:JIHmb B noc ieA$He roAu C. K. BCeXCBJIT-
CKHA H I'. M. HHxojibcnni [2, 31 H3y1IHJIH CTPYKTYPY 6OJIee AanexHx.'IacTei
xopOHII no,cHHMKaM, IIOJIy'IOHHMM BO BpeMSE. 3aTMeHHH 25 (~espann 1952 r.
H 30 HioHH 1954 r. 06a aTH 3aTMeHHH HMBJIH MeCTO,B6JiH3H? MIIHHMyMa cojiHeq-
HOH aKTHBHOCTH.
B HaCTOHIqek pa60Te MM paceMaTpHBaeM CTpyKTYPY Aajie]KOH BHelnaeH
KOPOHN anOXH MaxcBmyMa COJIHeBHOH auTHBHOCTH. Mbi. yCJIOBHMCJI HaauBaTb
Aa7ieKOH BHemaeg xopoaog o6JIaCTH HOPOHN Ha paccTOHHHH OT xpaH.AHcxa,
HpeBmmalongeM AHaMeTp CoJIHAa (2 R?).
MaTepnanoM AJIH Hameg pa6oTbi nOCJIy}KHJIH CHHMKH COJIHeeHOg xopOHIS,
nOJIy'leHHhie aucneAMIHeH MocuoBeuoro oTAeneHHn Beeco1o3Horo, acTponoMO-
reoAeaHntecxoro o6igecrsa B CaraplqHHe (cp= -j- 50? 54', )) = 3h44m) 19 moHi
1936 r. (DOTorpa4nIpoBaHHe npOH3BOAHJIOCb xaMepoH. c O6'beKTHBOM ACTpO-
neTIIBaJib (F=96 cu, D=16 cu), IIpHgeM H3 LIeTbipeX CHHMKOB ABa 6uJIH
uoJIyLIeHM C ?KeJITh1M H KpacHMM CBeTO(HJIbTpaMH. Ha6JIIO)xaTeJIHMH 6buIH
B. 10. JIeBHH H B. A. BpoamTaH. HHxte npHBOA1ITCS CBeAeHHH 0 nOJIy-
*ieHHi,ix 4oTorpa#HX. II KOHTaHT HaCTYHHJI B 4h 15m. 188, III xoHTaIT B
4h 17m158 MHpOBOI'O BpeMeHH.
N una-
CTHRH
MmpoBoe
BpeMa
98{CBO-
aBRBx
1
4h 15m 308
208
Imperial
500-700
2
4 15 57
10
J Panchromatik B
360-700
3
4 16 39
40
HpacuuH
600-760
4
4 17 10
2
360-600
IIJIacTHHKa N_ 4, HonyiieHHau C He6OJibmoH aKCIIO3HAHeH H B6nna1
III xoHTauTa, He Moriia 6MITb HCUOJIb3OB Ha AJIH HayiieHHH BnemaeH xoponbi.
Becb aalaAHhIH ceuTOp xpOMOC(ephi, OTH NNThIH npH cxomAeHHn AHcxa JIyHM,
OKaaaJICH Ha ATOM CHHMKe coJIHpl3oBaHubIM.
2 3aHaa 2332 3
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ha Tpex IIJiacTHHKax (Ns 1, 2, 3) JrygH KOpOHLI BHAHbr go 5-8 R. Oco-
6eHHO yga'IHLIM IBJIFIeTCH CHHMOR N?_ 3, Ha KOTOpOM, 6JrarOAapR co IeT8HHro
AJIHTejiBHOg 3KCHOaHIAHH H xpacHoro cBeTO(HJm.Tpa, racingero paccefiHHbii
CBeT He6a, CTpyiTypa AaiieKOH BHemHeg HOpOHbi BHI{Ha oiieHi xopomio
(cur. 1,a). Ha CHHMKax N?- 1 H 2 (IOH He6a BecbMa 3aieTeH.
Upi 3KCIIOHHpoBaHHH HJraCTHHKH N2 1 H3-3a HeTO1qaor3 rHAHpOBKH HoJiy-
gHJICR He6oJrbmoI3 cABHr 1. HO3TOMy AainHer3IIIefr o6pa6ozxe HOABeprJIHCb HJma-
CTHHKH Ns 2 H 3.
BJiaro apc Juo6e3HOCTH giipeITopa KHeBCKoA acTpoHOMH*iecxog o6cep-
BaropxH A. (DD. Boropojcxoro H y ieaoro cexpezapR A. K. OCHHOBa, Mbi noJIy-
IIHJIH BO3MO?KHOCTb HCIIOJIb3OBaTb TaH?HO HSITb 4OTorpalJHi KOpOHM, IIoJlygeH-
HMX H. M. IIyTHJIHHbIM B BexrepoBO ((P = + 55?41', % = 5h07m) Hpn HoMOBgH
ABOAHOro acTporpac)a Kyxa (F 175 c.At, D = 15 cu). (IIoTorpa(bHpoBaHae
HOpOHBI 11pOH3BOAHJIOCb 6e3 ()HJrhTpa Ha HJIaCTIIHKax Ilford Monarch H Im-
perial C 3RCII03HIAHRMH OT 1 go 12 cex. Ha HJnacTHHxe N-? 4 (3KCII03Hr[HSI 58)
JiyrrH xopoHbi BHAHM go 5,5 R? (#r. .1; 6). Ha116ojiee geTHHM oxa3aJIc5I
CHHMOK Ha IIJIacTHHKe N2 6 (axcrIo3HuBR 18), KoTopLIi MO?RHO 6bino o6pa-
6OTaTb AJIR YTOgHeHHR CTpyKTypII KOpOHbi. MOMeHT 3TOFO CHHMKa --
4h 44m 058. JIy'rH KOpoabi Ha HeM npocJle?nnBaIOTCR go 3,5 R? (4)Hr. 1, e).
Ana H3MepeHHH KOO HHaT J[eTanneg Ha HJIacTHHHax co CTOpOHbi cTenJla
6MJIH HaHeceHM TymbIO TOgKH (BAOJlb rpaHI4L onaxaji, IIIJIeMOB H Jiygei).
KoopAHHaTbi 3THX To ieK H3Mep5JIHCb Ha npn6ope BaM6epFa I'AHJH. Bcero
61IJ10 HaMepexo 127 To'IeK Ha HJiaOTHHxe Ns 2, 147 To ien - Ha nJIaCTHHKe
N_ 3, 192 TOgKH - Ha n iaCTHHKe N_ 6 (M. H. HyTHJIHHa). IIO 3THM TOgKaM
6hIJIH HOCTpOeHhI cxeMaTHgecKHe pICYHKH KOpOHbi AJiH Ka,HJ.{oi I JIaCTHHKH
oTJ{eJrbxo. Haao)Kexne HX J;pyr Ha gpyra IIoxa3aao xopomee coBnaJ;eHHe ogep-
TaHHI3 KOpOHbi H HO3BOJIHJIO IIOCTpOHTb OKOHgaTeJlbHyIO exeMy AaaeKOi3 BIIem-
Hefr KOpOHM 19 MOHR 1936 r., H3o6pa ReHnylo Ha (~Hr. 2.
H3-3a Toro, iTO BHyTpeHHHe'laCTH ROpOHMI ona3aJngcb Ha HamHx CHHMKax
nepeJ(epn aHHNIMH, xopoHaJlbnble AyrH HaHeceHbi Ha cxeMy no J{aHHbIM E. H. By-
rociiaBCKOi3 [1, 4, 5]. OpienTupoBxa Ha IIJIacTHHKax 6birIa BNNIIOJIHeHa no TO-
iegHblM H3o6pa?KeHHHM Benepbr H Mapca. KpoMe Toro, 6bi.IH H3MepeHbi no-
rio neHHH BOCbMR 3Be3A, KOTOpbie 6MIJIH HCIIOJIb3OBaHbi AJIR yTOgHeHHH Mac-
H1Ta6a H3o6panieaxx (217" B 1 MA) H AHCTOpCHH o6'LeRTHBa,ACTponeT4BaJ1b.
Kopoaa 19 HioHu 1936 r. H3o6HJIOBaJra IIIJIeMOBHAHNMH O6OJIOIJKaMH, 3a-
KaHgHBaion;HMHc,H AJIHHHMMMH H IiMhIMH JlygaMH. ,pyrofr THH Jnygeg, onHcaH-
Hbif3 E. H. ByrocJlaBcxog,- IIpgmme JiygH, HcxoAnigHe in ()aKeJibabixIIOJrefi
(npocJIen nBaIOTCR He Aajiee 1,8 R?). B Ta6Jl. 1 IIpHBeAeHbi CJIeAyioii ue OCHOB-
Hble CBeAeHHR o KopoaahlbHNX Jiygax: T) - IIO3HI[HOHHbig yrowi OCHOBaHBR
JIyga, CgHTaR OT cesepa K BOCTOKy; (p- reJIHorpa(iiwenaa mHpOTa IIpoeKI[HH
OCHOBax1H Jiyga Ha KapTHHHyIO IIJIOCKOCTb; ~ - yro.i McHq y HaripasneHneM
Jlyga H paAHycoM-BenTOpoM (W>.0 IIpH oTKJloneHBH ayga K noinocy); 1- AJinaa
Jaya B paAHycax CoJIHi;a; h - BhICOTa BepxymeK mJleMOB; d - ninpnHa Jiy is
Ha paCCTOHHHH 4 R? OT JIHM6a.
IIepexoAHM K oIIHcaHHIO oco5eHHOCTeI3 CTpYKTypbi AaJlexofi BHemnefl HO-
poHbi.
Ran xopomO BHAHO Ha 4 )Hr. 2, MOBAHble AJIHHHbie IIpRMbie JIygH KOpOHMM
HpOCTHpaIOTCH AO 5-8 R? H HaiIpasnenbi, Kan npaBBJIO, He paAHaJibao, a
C OTHJIOHeHHRMH OT pa)Hyea-BeKTOpa go 30?.
B ocHOBaHHH 3THX Jiygeft Jie naT o6pa3osaHHR THna mJIeMoB, ripwieM no
CBoei ()opMe mJIeMbi MO?KHO pa3AeJIHTb Ha Hecxonnbxo rpyrn, a HMeaao:
a) ImieM&, xopomo paaBHTbie, HaUOMHHaIOBEHe JIyKOBH11y H IIpeAcTaBJIRIO-
ii iie dO6Og, IIO-BHAHMOMy, npocrpancTBenHble o6pa3osaHHR. rlpHMepaMH
I CaeAyeT 3aneTHTb, 'ITO rnAHpoBxa ocyu ecTBJIHJIacb MxxpoMeTpn'ecxMM RJlto'IoM
(6e3 gacoBoro MexaHnana) no Benepe, xaxoAHBmefikH B 3? OT CoJini a.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
tlhu. 1. I;tntnntu ;ka.wwtii tm('tnrtu,r if) 311onst 14311 r.:
n--t'.ar;tl~~uut (I'.. H~..~Irnun it It. A. lip,mimm), (, ~r, z--Iit t II j n+~~ (Ii. II. ll}'ra.nui)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
NQ nyva I
HaaBaHHe I
06oaHa-
3eHHe
B [5]
71
I
1
I h
d
1
BomrnoI NE-nya
c
30?
+60?
-21?,5
7,7
1,9
0,16
2
CnyTHnx NE-nyga
--
34
+56
-24
3,0
-
-
3
ENE-ny'i . . . . .
G
73
+17
-19
4,1
-
0,12
4
HpiMoH E-nye . .
F
107
-17
-11,5
4,6
1,8
0,14
5
HpHSog E-nyq . .
F
102,5
-12,5
-
4,5
-
0,14
6
SE-nyq . . . . .
2
160
-70
-10
5,7
1,5
0,23
7
CnyTHnx SE-ny=3a
-
180
-90
-30
4,4
-
0,23
8
Cna6rii4 S-nyq . .
3'
226
-44
-
2,5
-
-
9
SW-ny.i . . . . .
3
219
-51
+12
4,6
1,1
0,10
10
3anajimii BueTyn
H
265,5
-6,5
-14,5
1,8
-
-
11
10xcarag NW-nyq .
B
297,5
?27,5
+5
5,1
2,2
0,19
12
CesepHJ NW-ay-4 . .
B
304,5
+34,5
+7
4,9
1,6
0,27
(PHr. 2. Cxera cTpyL:Typi ;tanexoii BHeWHeg xopOHM 19 moan 1936 r.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TaKHx .HIJIBMOB HBJIHIOTCH IIIJIeMbI SE, SW H IO>KHoro KoMHOHeHTa NW-JIytzei3
(JIytIH 6, 9, 11);
6) pa3BHTble TOJILKO HaloJIoBHHy, KaK 6bI cpe3axxble C 0U1011 CTOpOHhI,
KaK y IIpaMoro E-Jiyga (jiyq 4);
B) HeJ{opa3BHTble IIIJIeMLI, ciia6o pacmHpnioii iecSi K JIHM6y (JiygH 3, 8,
12). BO Bcex 3THX CJlyiiaax MOHSHO HpeJ[IIOJIaraTb, tITO Ha6JIlo)jaeMa3i KapTHHa
Hcxaa eHa BJIHHHHeM nepeIIeKTUBbI H ocHOBaHHe IIIJTeMa HpOCTO CKpbITO OT
Hac JIyHHbMM (a B03MO}KHO, H COJIHeTTHLIM) JjHCKOM. COIIOCTaBJieHHe c xpoMoc-
I epHbIMH H (OTOC( epHLIMH o6pa30BaHHHMH, IIpoBepeHHoe HaMH IIo MaTepHa-
JIaM,.ony6JIHKOBaHHuM E. H. ByrocJlaBcnoii H C. K. BCeXCBHTCHIHM [51, HoJj-
TBepSKJjaeT TO IIpemioJ1o Kenue (CM. HHHfe);
r) HeiOTOpme JIyi1H BOBCe He o6pa3yIOT IHJIeMa (JIyT1 7). 3JjeCb, HO-BHJjHMOMy,
HMeeT McCTO TO me HBJieHne;
A) HeKOTOpbie onaxaJia HMeIOT 6OJTee CJI05KHOO cTpoelile. IIpiMepOM TOMy
HBJIHeTCH onaxaJio 6oJIbmoro NE-Jiy'Ia, caMoro MonwHoro 113 BCeX. C 3auaga
0110 HMeeT J;OBOJI16HO pe3KyiO rpaHHI;y, B Hero KaK 6bi BHHcana CHCTeMa Ayr,
oxpya aion;Hx HpoTy6epaHeJ1 N4 1 1. C BOCTO'IHOi3 CTOpOHbi napaiiaeJibHO
rJIaBHOMy Jlyiiy (1) TSIHeTCH, cJIa6bIH JIy*i - CI1 THHK (2); IIpOCBeT McH{J;y HHMH
3aMOTOH go CaMOg CHCTeMM Ayr, 3axOJ;H BHYTpb IIIJIOMa rJiaBuoro Jiyga. EH;e
BOCTOTTHee onaxaJio HMeeT 6o iee pa3MrITbie O'IepTaHHH H COCTOHT H3 > H OXBaT&&BaIoII eii ero C BOCTOna . BJSOJib 3auagHOI3
rpaH1flui OIIaxania SICHO 3aMeTeH BhICTYII, CBH3aHHbii3, IIO-BHJ{HMOMy, c o6pa-
3OBaHHeM THIIa IIIJIeMa, Haxoga IIHMCH 3a IIIJIeMOM rJIaBHoro JlyiIa. B03MOHCHO,
*1T0 onaxajia IIpeJ{CTaBJIHeT co6oiI tiaCTb 060JI0TTKH, Ha-
xoAaujeiTCH 3a KapTHHHOYI IIJTOCKOCTbJO H 3ari6aioIIuei3c1 K Ha6JIIOAaTeinIO H
K rjiaBHOMy JTyiTy. TorJ[a MOHCHO IIpeJ{CTaBHTb ce6e 3TO onaxaJlo KaK HeKOTO-
poe IIOJjo6He JIeIeCTKOB TIOJTbnana, OXBaTBIBaIOIIIHx (Ho HecHMMeTpHiIHO)
rJIaBHbrT3 JIYT1.
E. H. ByrocJlaBcxan B CBOeu KJIaccH(HKaI;HH IIIJIeMOB [1l pa3J;eJTHJTa Hx
Ha JjBa THua: IIIJIOMbI I THIIa onaHTIHBa1OTCFI AJIHHHhIM IIP31MLIM JIy'IOM, TOrJ;a
KaK IHJIeM& II THHa - Beepon CTpyiI, pacxOJ 1IUUHXCH B CTOpOHbl. B TIaCTHOCTII,
IIUIeM SW-JIyLIa OHa OTHec is no II THIIy. HaIIII3 4)OTorpa(1HH noHa3NBaIOT, TITO
3TOT IIIJIeM OTHOCIITCIT K I THIIy. HOJ{TBepHV eHHeM Hamero MHOHHH IIBJIHIOTCJI
Ha6JIIOJjeHHH HOJIHpuaaIjxH KOpoHbi, BbIHOJIHeHHble K. P. 3axapnHNM [6],
KoTOp]EIe nOKa3hIBaIOT ycHJIeHHe IIoJTHpH3agHH B o6JIaCTH IHJieMa SW-JTy*ia
Jjo 40% Ha paCCTOFIHHH 2 R? OT JIHM6a II 3aBHCHMOCTb ee OT JjJIHHbI BOJIHbI,
iiTO XapanTepHO HMOHHO AJI31 TIIJTeMOB I THIIa.
Oco6eHHLIA HHTepec IIpe)jCTaBJIHIOT cJ1eJjy103kHe qBa 0) P 1 3) 313 11 K) r)) [
19 HIOHH 1936 r., TeM 6o.nee, 'ITO anaJloruiinble o6pa3oBaHHn Ha6JIIOJjaJIHCb
x IIpi JjpyrHx 3aTMenufix, IIpHXOJ;HBIIIHXCH Ha nepHog MaKCHMyMa coJTHeLi-
Hoi3 anTHBHOCTH.
IIepBoe H3 HHX, TaK Ha3bIBaeMbli3 3anaJ;HbIi3 BhICTyII, ITIHponHi1 H3orxy-
Tbii3 JIy'I C pe3KOT3 TO KHOf H pa3MbIT0i1 ceBepHOYI rpaniijefi. I4HTeHCHBHOCTb
B- HeM KaK 6m y6blBaeT C Lora Ha ceBep. IIOMHMO CHCTeMIJ Ayr, HaxoijxnjeIicg
B OCHOBaHHH BhICTyIIa K omicannoiI B [51, Ha HaIIIHX CHHMKaX 3aMeTHm 60JIee
y3KHe JjyrH Ha pacCTOHHHHx 0,9-1,6 R? OT JIHM6a, KaK 6m orpaHH'IHBa1OIIJIe
c 3anaJja 60JIee HHTeHCHBHMe TiaCTH BbICTyna. IOn nacI rpaHuna HMeeT C opMy,
6JIHanyio K IIapa6oJie, IIpoeKi vH 4 oKyca KOTOpOI3 HeJjaJIexa OT MoljHoro L BOld-
Horo IIpoTy6epaHTja Ns 5 H COOTBeTCTBYIOIIjero eMy 6oJIbmoro TeMHOrO BOJIOn-
Ha. OJjHano coBnaJjeHHe B JjaHHOM cJlyiiae MWKeT 6bITb cJly"IaI3HbIM Him Jja?Ke
CJIO CTBHeM HpoeKI u11.
CJTeJjyeT OTMOTHTb, TTTO iioxo nee o6pa3oBanue OTMe'IeHO Ha pHCyHKe
A. H. rancnoro B BOCTOTTHOi3 'ACTH COJIHeiIHOI3 KopoHbi 30 aarycTa 1905 r.
171. Kan H B 1936 r., Kopona HMeJia THIIHTIHyIO c)opMy 3IIOXH MancHMyMa.
I HoMepa npoTy6epaHljeB H HaaBaHHH ReTanel3 sayTpeHHef ROpOHhi B3HTb1 no [5].
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BTOpoe xHTepecnoe o6pa3oBaHHe - xpI1BOI3 E-JIy'I, Hanommimn uiI cTpylo,
TOHxyIO H OgeHb 1HTeHCHBByI0 y ocHOBaHHfl, a 3aTeM nocTeneHHo pacmllpi11o-
Bgylocsi B c ia6elongyio. Y ocHOBaHBH JIy'Ia HaxOAHTCH IIpOTy6epaner 1N2 12
(TI= 102?), H3 paiioua HOTOporo, no AaHHLIM C. It BcexcBHTCHoro H E. floBy.-
rocJ1aBcRo , nponcxol;riJTo HcTeiieHHe xopoHaJIJHoi3 MaTepHn. HCHp 1BJPBHIIe
JIy*ia BBAHO H3 cJiegyIori eIi Ta6JIWIHII (4 - yrOJI IIOBOp0Ta JIyiia):
r
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0
0
0
6
10,5
14
17
21
24,5
27
30?
TpaenTOpJH xopomo npeACTaBJIHeTCSi napa6o.log, BMeioweE c ie-
Ayroluee ypaBHeaxe OTHOCHTeJILHO I(enzpa COJIHI(a (3a eAnHHgy H3MepeHI3H
BCIOAy JIpHHJT paAHyc CoJIHIja, Ocb X BanpaBJiena x cesepy, ocb Y- x? aa-
IIaAy):
y =-0,078x2-0,162x-0,344,
npHgeM HoopABBaTM 4 oxyca XF= - 1,04, YF = - 3,48. HoaoxceHHe 4>oxyca
He cOBIIaAaeT c xaRHM-JIH6o Hoponanbnb1M 06pa3oBaHHeM - on Haxo) nTCH
MenCAy 6OJIbmHM SE-JIygoM H ero cJIa61dM CIIyTHBROM B 2,4R? OT JIHm6a.
CTpyH pacmllpHeTCH OT 0,05 R? y Ji4M6a Ao 0,15 Re na paccTOnr rn 4,5 Rp
AHaaorignoe o6pa3olanne BnAHo na coTorpa4HH commHegnog xopoEbt
8 BIOHSI 1937 r., Ito,nygennoH FapAHepoM [8].
CHCTeMI,I nOJlnpnbiX JIy9ef AETaJIbno n3y*IeBbI no cHHMHaM co cTaHAapT-
BbIMH xoponorpa(aMn [4,5]. Ha Hamnx cHHMxax JIy'III cenepnon IIOJIFIpaOi
CHCTeMhI BHAHSI Ao 0,7R?1, npngeM HMeeTCH ewe Apyrau AOBOJIbHO pe3xasi
rpannI,a BaH6owlee ilxTenCnBHOg gaCTH 3THx Jiygeg y 0,3 - 0,4 R?. IO nnasl
CHCTeMa noJlsipBblx Jlygeii Macxnpyezcs onaxaJlaMH geTmIpex 6OJibmix IoHi-
BbIX JIygeg.
B pa60Tax [4,5] OTMegaJIHCb Tain{e npnMbie JIytH THna nWJISIpHblx B npo-
pblBax MexcAy onaxanaMn Jlygei Ha SE H SW. jamna 3THx uy'reg no Ha-
mIuM AanahIM He npe]BOCXOABT B IIepBOM cjiyqae 1,5 R?, a BO BTOPOM-1,7 R?.
CoIIOCTaBJIeHHe CTpyRTypnblx (1>OpM AaJleiiol BHemueui HopoHbl C 4OTO-
4epnMMH H xpoMOC()epijmmH o6pa3osar iJiMH B pBAe caygaeB Mo}HeT nOMOgb
BNHCHeHIIIO 11OCTpaHCTBeHHOrO pacno io emaH 3THX (OpM, XOTH 3AeCb H3-3a
HeAOCTaTOgHOCTH MaTepnanla HQJIb3H AenaTb xancAm pa3 yBepeHBbix 3alcJllogeHBg.
HecoMHenxo, TTO JIygH 1, 5, 6, B ocnoBarnu 1 OTOpMIX pacnonloucenbl npo-
Ty6epaHl;bi N2 1 (r) = 34?), N2 12 (ri = 102?) H Ns 2 (ri = 160?), JlexcaT neAa-
JIeno OT xapTHHHOA nJlocxocTH. Xopomee pa3BnTHe HIJIeMOB JIygeg 9 H 11
nO3BOJIHeT cAeHlaTb 0 HBX Taxoe me 3aic uogenlle, XOTH B o6oux cnlygaslx IIpo-
Ty6epaHgm, naxoAnn[HecH BHyTpH mneMOB ay'eYI, a HMeilno N2 3 (rj = 207?)
H N2 5 (ii = 323-329?), emewenil OTHOCHTeJIrEO ocHoBaHHK Jiygeii Ba 12-
25?. Bo3Mo}HHo, IqTO IIpHgHHOii cMenweHHH oCHOBaHBii aytieli no OTHOmeHBIO
H 11poTy6epanikaM snBJlsleTcci B IIepBOM cJIy'rae MOIIuHblft cBeTJlblg (HoxHyJI,
oxpy KaronABII HBTHO (q = - 26?, a, = + 114?), a BO BTOpOM cnly'Iae - xoM-
naHTHbII3 CBeTJIhII3 (nOxxyJ1, OXBaTmIBaIonwmA rpynny ne60JIbMMX IIHTeH
(c = + 17 ?, X = + 1040).
TITO xacaeTCSi Jiyga 3, TO XOT5I B ero OCHOBaHBn pacnoJlonfeu npOTy6epa-
HeIr N2 10 (TI = 75?,6), cna6oe pa3BHTBe mJleMa CBBAeTeJIbCTByeT 0 TOM, 'ITO
3TOT Jlyg He Jte}HBT B xapTBHHOII IIJIOCHOCTB. Ec m ygeCTb,'TO Ba o6pawennol3
K Ha6JIIOAaTemo nonlyc(]lepe CoJIHIIa B BBTepBaJte no mupOTe +10-+25?
B no AOJIrOTe 35-90? E OT IjenTpaJibnoro MepnABana pacnoaaranocb 60Jibmoe
f aHenlbHoe none, TO MO}EHO nonaraTb,'TO 3TOT Jlyg 6binn cMemeH OTHOCHTeJIbHO
npoTy6epaHIJa B CTOpony Ha6nIoAaTenn, npoexunst we ocH ay'a Ha xapTBB-
HyrO IIJIOCicOCTi OCTannaeb HecMeweHHoI1.
1 Ha CHHMI(e H. H. HyTHJIHHa J Ba IIOJI$IpBIiX Jiyea, IIpHJlera1OIHI*e K 60JI1IIIOMy NW-
Jiy'iy (12), IIpocaemIaBalOTcH Ro 0,9 II 1,2 R?.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
JIy?II 7, 8 11 12 pac110JioxceHbl, IIO-BIIJ;HMOMy, 3a KapTHHHOl IIJIOCKOCTbIO.
ECTb OCHOBaHHH CBSI3bIBaTb JIy'I 7 C rpynnon (1JIOKKyJIOB Ha (p = - 65
_700 H X of oao 180?, Jiy?i 8 - C TeMHI'IM BOJIOKHOM ((p = - 39?, % = 1150)
H npOTy6epaHgeM, Ha6JIIogaBHI1dMCH 16-18 HIOHH, T. e. Haxo HBmlMCH B j(eHb
Ha6JIIoj;eHHH Ha HeBHAHMOI3 CTOpoxe CoJIHIla. JIyLI 12 HMeeT Hepe3xxe rpa-
HxI;bI, oco6enno IOmHyIO, KOTopasI HpoeKTHpyeTCSI Ha IIeHTpaJIbHy10 ?IaCTb
onaxaJla JIyLIa 11. Momno HoJIaraTb HO3TOMy, 'ITO jiyq 12 pacnonomen 3a JIy-
?ioM 11. Bo3MomHo, 'TO OH CBH3aH C IIpOTy6epaHgeM, Ha6JIIoJ aBmHMCH BpyH-
iiepoM 15 HIOHH C BUXO) OM Ha AHCK HpH 11 = 310?.
14HTepecno, LITO 110 BHe3aTMeHHbIM Ha6JIIOgeHHSIM JIHO [9] 18 HIOHH Ha-
6JIIOjjaJIHCb *IeThIpe MaxCHMyMa HpKOCTH B JIHHIIIIX 1 5303, 6374, 6702 H 7892.
OHK COOTBeTCTBYIOT Tj = 52-59?, 96-110?, 228-235? H 274-275?. BTOpog
H3 3THX MaKCHMyMOB HaXOAHTCH B6JIII3H OCHOBaHHA JiyLIeI3 4 11 5, TpeTIII3 -
BHyTpH onaxaJia JIyL1a 9, lieTBepTbliI - B IomHoi3 tIaCT11 onaxaJla JIy'Ia 11,
rAe 19 11101111 6iuia OTMe'eHa Bo36ymgeHHan o6JIaCTb. HepBiII3 MaKCHMyM na-
XOA11TCH oKOJIO Iomno rpaH11lIbI onaxana Jly'Ia 1, Hej;aiiexo OT oCHOBaHun
(c1;eHTpaJlbHoro SI3bixa>. 22 1110HH, no RaHHbIM JIHO, xopoua coBepmeHHO 113Me-
H11JIaCb no CpaBHeHIIIO c 19 HIOHfi. Ha 3anage o6pa3OBaJICSI y3KHA IIHTeH-
CIIBHbIA JIyti, Ha BoCToxe - mHponne $JpKIIe Jnyq11. Ilociiej(Hee o6CTonTeJib-
CTBO HO);TBepmgaeT Hame upeAnOJIOmOH11e o TOM, qTO 19 HIOHH nytI 3 6bi.i
pacno omeH 3a KapTHHHOII IIJIOCKOCTbIO. 19 HIOJIH (ilepe3 McCSIi; noc ie
3aTMeHHH) JIHO Ha6mo aJi HpenpacHbil3 jiyq Ha NE; BO3MO3KHO, ITO 3T0
6bIJI Jiy'I 1.
HepexoAH K pe3yJlbTaTaM Hamef pa60TbI, MO}KHO OTMeT11Tb, HTO Aaiiexaa
BHemHn I Kopona 3IIOXII MaKC11MyMa xapanTepl3yeTCSi CJlegyI011jHM11 CTpyK-
TypHhIMH 4)opMaM11.
1. Mon(H&e gJI11HHUe Hp}IMble JIy'IH, Hcxoj{f1IIlHe m o6pa3OBaHHII TH11a
mJIeMOB 11 OnaXaJi.
2. IIIJIeMbi, 113 KOTOpUIX BMIXOAHT 3TH JIyLIIl, IIpeACTaBJIHIOT co60II, IIO-BH-
j(HMOMy, npOCTpaHCTBeHHble 06pa3OBaHH}I. Xopomo pa3BIITbII3 mJIeM HaIIOMII-
HaeT JIyxoBHAy, HO IIOMIIMO TaK11X mJieMOB BCTpe?IaIOTCR pa3BIITbie TOJIBKO
HanoJroBHHy, Kau 6b1 cpe3aHHble c OAHOII CTOpOHbI, a Tanme He) opa3BHTble
II BoBCe Hepa3BHTbie. B AByX nocJlegH11x cJlyqaHX, BeponTHO, mJIeM 6bIBaeT
IIpOCTO CKpbIT OT Ha6JIIOj;aTeJIS1 gaCTH IHO IIJIII IIOJIHOCTbIO j;IICKOM Jlyimi, H
Jiy' He JIOH{HT B KapTHHHOII IIJIOCKOCTH.
3. KpoMe mJIeMoo6pa3HIax onaxaJI BCTpe'alOTCn onaxaJia JIOIIeCTKOBOrO
Txia, KaK C BOCTO'qHOIi CTOpOHbI 6oJibmoro NE-JIy'a. OH11 HMeiOT 6OJIee pa3-
MbITbiO 'OLIepTaHHn.
4. IllHponHe II3orHyTble JIy'IH, IIpHMepOM KOTOpIIX HBJI3leTCH ((3anaAHNI
BbICTyn> H JIylI', Ha6JIIOAaBmHIICn A. H. lFaHCKIIM B 1905 r.
5. Y3nHe H36rnyTble CTp3H, uoA06Hble xp11BOMy E-Jly'y H o6pa3oBaHHIO,
Ha6moj;aBmeMycH PapgHepOM 8 14I0HSI 1937 r., IIpeACTaB.3mmn[He co6oli, Be-
ponTHO, IIOTOKH KOpHyCKyJI, BhITenaJoII;He H3 aKTHBHMX o6JIaCTei3.
COIIOCTaBJIeHHe KOpOHaJIbHbIX (pOpM C (OTOC(pepHbIMH H XpOMOC(pepHMMH
o6pa3OBanluIMH np11BOAHT K CJIOgyI0m11M BbIBoAaM.
1. 06biIqHO B OCHOBaHHH BceX MOn;HBIX JlyileH HaX0AHTCJ1 npOTy6epanlUA 11
TOMHMe BOJIOKHa, HpiPleM Jiy?i no HanpaBJIeHHIO Kau 6b1 HCXOAHT 113 IIpOTy6e-
paHga (Jiymi 1, 3?, 5, 6, 7?, 8). Bo Bcex 3T11x cJlytlaJlx JIytIH OTKJIOxeHLi OT pa-
AHyca-BenTOpa B CTOpOHy 3KBaTOpa.
2. llpH HaJIH'11H 1106JI1130CT11 MOIIAHLIX I JIOKKyJIOB, 0Kpy5Ka1o1;11x nHTHa,
oci oBaHHe JIy'la cMOJI aeTCH OT npOTy6epaHI a B CTOpOHy 4 JIOKxyJIOB (JIy'qH 9,
11, 12). Bo Bcex 3TIIx CJIyLiafIX JIy'IH OTKJIOHeHM OT paA11yca-BeKTOpa B CTO-
pony noinoca Ha yrJibl 5-12?. Bnpo'IeM, 3T0 MOHfeT 6bITb o6'lscneHO HMeHHO
TeM, 'ITO OTKJIOHS1IOnI11I3 (J1OKKyJI BO BceX Tpex cJiygafx Haxo Wien 61imne
K 3nBaTOpy, iieM HpoTy6epaHeI, JIeH aBmHi3 B ocHoBaHHII onaxaJia. Bo3Momno,
ITO 11 y JIyqa 3 IIMeeT MecTO 11oAo6noe BJn11HH11e, HO B 3TOM cJlyiIae OTKJIOHeHHe
npOHCXOA11T B IIJIOCKOCTH, npoxo siii;ei3 ilepe3 jiyq 3penHH (K Ha6Juo1 aTeJno).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
3. HpeACTaBJIHIOT 6OJIbnlOI3 IHTepec AaHHble paAxoxa6JIIogeHHH, coralacno
HOTOpb1M JIytIH HOPOHLI SIBJIFIIOTCJI HCTO1JHHKaMH McTPOBbIX paAHOBOJIH 110,
111. HaYIAerHble XbMOHIIeM [12] pa1noAHaMeTpbl JIy1Ieii Ha paCCTOHHHH
5-15 R? OT JIHM6a (d =105 x.,u) xopomO CXOAHTCH C HafHMH pe3yJlbTaTaMH (B
cpeAHeM AaIH AeBHTH Jlyileli Ha paCCTOSHHH 4R? d = 1,2.105 ,c ). Ta-
i'oii me noplljoH d HPHBOAHT B. B. BHTxeBH1i [14).
Aim AaJlbnei mHx 3aHJIIO1IeHHIi Heo6XoAHMO HaHOlJIenne H o6o6weHHe 6o-
Jlee o6Hlllpnoro MaTepHaala no cTpyHType AaJIeKOIi BHeHlHeR HopoxiI, oco6enno
B6JIH3H MaKCHMyMa COJIHeiIHon aITHBHOCTH.
ABTOp BNpa}KaPT 6JIaro)apHOCTb npo . E. H. ByrocJlaBcxoi 3a pnA gen-
HbIX yKa3aRHIi, IIOJIy'IeHHEIX npH BIIHOJIHeHHH 3TOIi pa60TLI.
MocxBa, nroib 1959 r. Mocxoacxoe OTAeJleHrre BAI'O,
Mocxoacxnii naaneTapan
TIHTEPATYPA
1. E. H. b y r o c ,r a B c x a H. CTpyxrypa coJIHennoi xopoubI. Tp. TAHITI
19
1949
2.
1'.
,
,
.
M. H It H 0 Jr b c x m R. ACTpOH. xtypn., 30, N 3, 286, 1953.
3.
C.
K. BcexCBHTCHJ11, F. M. Hnx oabcxuA. ACTpOH. HcypB.
32
.Ni
,
,
4, 354, 1955.
4. C. H. BcexcBaTCHnii, E. H. ByrocJraBcHaH, A. H. Aeiigi. Tpyjbi
aHdneAnInh no na6JIIo)eHInI0 noanoro coJrnegnoro 3aTMelnrg 19 IIIOHH 1936 r., T. 1.
H3A-BO AH CCCP, 1938, cTp. 27-50.
5. C. H. BcexcBgTCHnu H E. H. ByrocaaBeHan. Tpygbi arcnepngirrj
no na6niojennio nonaoro connetinoro 3aTMennx 21 ceHTn6pH 1941 r. 113A-BO AH CCCP,
1949, cTp. 266-336.
6. K. F. 3 a x a p rr B. Tpygbi axcneAngnii no Ha6JiroAeHIno noJrnoro co iHegHoro 3aT-
McnHH 19 BIOHH 1936 r., T. 1. 143A-Bo AH CCCP, 1938, cTp. 61-70.
7. A. H. F a H c x n H. H3BeCTHH FJiaBnoii acTpoH. o6cepB. B Hynxose, 2, 107, 1907.
8. 1. G a r d n e r. National Geogr. Soc.- US Navy Solar Eclipse Expedition
of 1937 to Canton Island. Washington, 1939, p. 39-57.
9. B. L y o t. Bull. de Soc. Astr. de France, 52, 193-208, 1936.
10. P. A. O'Brien. Observatory, 73, 106, 1953.
11. R. Coutrez, A. K o e c k e I e n b e r g h, E. Pourbaix. Observatory,
73, 239, 1953.
12. A. H e w i s h. PPOC. Boy. Soc. A 228, 1955.
13. 1. I. P u t i I i n. The Solar Corona of June 19, 1936. Astroph. Journ., 85, N 4,
341, 1937.
14. B. B. B H T H e B H'i. ACTpOH. xcypH., 35, Ni 1, 52, 1958.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
AHAJEMHH HA,'YH CCCP
I{OHTPACTbI 70pd
(DBr. 7. fI3MellelnIe IcoHTpaCTa (auarma - IcaifMa>.
?IieJITbIIi (JIIJILTp
MaTepliaJi 1958 r. HoJIy'IeH aBTOpOM Ha A6acTyI1aHCKoii acTpo(n1i311geexoii
o6CepBaTOpu11 IIpi HoMOH;H 40-CM pec)paxTopa geiicca (F = 6,8 .41). JJIH
OTOrpa(f)HpOBaHITH 6bma. IICIIOJTb3OBaxa JIyIIHo-coJIHeTIHan Karepa, Jjaioujan
yBOJIHTIeHHe B 14 pa3 (pa3Mep HJIaCTHHKH 9 X 12 cm). (POTorpa(IlpoBaHlte
IIpOH3BOJjHJIOCb'Jepe3 KpaCHbTII, opaMEeBbIii, iheJITmIR, 3eJIeHbIII H CHHHIi CBeTO-
(IIJIbTpbI; CIIHMRIT C KpaCHbJM ()HJIbTpOM IIOJIy1ieHbl Ha 1IJIaCTHHHaX Agfa
Rot rapid, c opaH:KeBbiM - Agfa panchromatisch, c 3eJleabTM H ciniuii -
Agfa Lichtoffreit. 3((eKTHBI1bTe J[JIHHbI BOJTH KOM6nHaAIIH K()HJIbTp + HJIa-
CTHHKaN COOTBOTCTBOIIIIO paBHbM 640, 604, 540 it 469 m~t (3((elT11BHaH J[JIII-
Ha BOJITIbI CHHerO (JHJIbTpa He yla3aiia, an KaK CHHMHH, HOJIytleHHble c cuiiiibi
(fHJIbTpOM, He o6pa6aTbIBaJIHCb). Beoro c 18 ceHTH6pH Ito 9 OKTH6pn noJlyTle-
HO 40 CHHMHOB.
AJIH CTaHJjapTTl3aiiuhi nJIaCTITITOK IIOCJIe (J)0TOrpa(f)J1pOBainm Mapca cHn-
MaJICH Bile (JOICyea AJIbJ[e6apalI C TOM xce (IHJIbTpOM, Ha TOii xce IIJIaCTHHKe
II C Toll ice 3RCno3llu ief (yr.loBOe paccTOnnne Me;KJjy Mapconi H AJIbJje6apa-
HoM 3a BpeMH IIa6JTIoJjeHHii He HpeBbimaJio 7?30'). Bee HJIacTHIIKH HaJII16poBa-
.111Cb: cpa3y -He HocJTe Ha6JIm eHHIi B Jla6opaTOpnbIx yCJIOBHHx BIIegaTbrBaJIcn
Tlepe3 COOT BOTCTByI0IIUIiI 4)1IJIbTp Tpy6gaTbIK q)OTOMeTp (12 OTBOpCTfH).I TaICHM
o6pa3oM, Ha Kaxcjjoii HJiacTHHKe IIOJIyHexbi 1--2 H3o6pa~KeHHH .AJTbjje6apar1a
II MapEn micaJIbI Tpy6HaToro (oTOMeTpa. Bee HJIaCTITHKH HpOSIBJIeIIbI B CTaII-
japTHbIX yCJIOBHHX. 11 CHHMKOB 6b1J1H HaHJjeHbl HpI1rO~jHbIM11 JjJIH o6pa6oTKH.
JIH o6pa6oTKH OT06paHHblx CHIIMICOB 6bIJ( HCHOJIb30BaH MHHpo(~OTOMeTp
M(D-4 c caMOperIICTPI3pyIOMHM yCTpoIiCTBOM. C. ero HOMOTAbIO 6bTJIH IIOJIytIeilbI
perHCTporpaMMbT Bcex OTO6paHHblx CiIHMKOB (I13o6pa3KeHIIe Mapca paccei a-
JIOCb HO IjeHTpaJIbIIOMy MeprTJ(Ha1Iy). ,I1,JIH HOCTpoeHHH XapaIiTepHCTHTieC(S11_x
KpiiBbIX 6bIJiIi HOJIyTIerIbI perlCTporpaMMbI KaJIH6pOBOTIHbIX HIKaaIOK, CO BCeX
perHCTporpaMM 6bIJIII CHHTbI 3Ha9e1IHH IIJIOTHOCTOI3 HOTrepHeHHH JjeTaJleii, c
HOMOII1;bI0 XapaicTepHCTH'IecKHX KpHBbIX OHH 6bIJIH HepeBeJjeHbl B HpHOCTII,
HOciie Hero 6bIJIH HOJIygeHbI BOJIHBHHbT HOHTpaCTOB:
T 1 BC BM ' 112 _ B B,,
T
BCM B.n
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
r,e BCC, - SIpKOCTb cesepHoro MaTepHR:a, B. - HpxoCTL noHea Mopeii, $?y -.-
1IpKOCTb HIaniti, B,, - 51 KOCTb Ka1'IMbi.
K,
f4
0 t I , i-,4-X-~xl,
8810121416182022242628301 3 57911131517
48eycm CeHmR6pd
(Dur. 8. 113MCIIeHne xonTpacTa uu(an1a-xaiMa)).
ie.Ie11blll (IiJ(bTp
44
24
20
16
.7000 04UU 7000 JCUU n ODUU OZUU 10401 b5UU /L p ' '
5490 5900 5100 5300 ~u/rbmphj 350 400 950 500 550 600 650 700 750 800
(1 DO ;LnI!IIaM BO 1H ( no gaHiibiM pa3nwIxtIx
;(.-in paanbix 17 IaT (1950 r.) na6JnoAaTenei :
I - Oo npomahrnM IIpOTBBOCTORHIMM, t'- Bapa6amoe,
?1 oHTI"pr-[ 1956 r.. 3 - KoaIioBa, u PaaroJJeBCHHN,
13orrrn6pa 1956 1'.,4-BAPO,15aBrycTa 15-56r., 5-Hoa-
aoBa 11 I'h R~ < 0'23'58" IIOJiHOe TeHeBoe 3aTMeHHe HeII36eH{HO, (19)
> I R(j I > 0? 16' 50" r eHTpaJlbHOe 3aTMeHHe HeBO3MO?KHO, (20)
< 0? 14' 45 IIeHTpaJlbaoe 3aTMeHHe He1136e?KHO. (21)
cJiy'IaHx ?Ice:
1'36'42"> I (3~ > 1?26'14" (22)
1? 03'03"> > 0?56'45" (23)
1? 03' -)4"> I ~z I > 0?53'28" (24)
0? 30'14" > (3 I > 0?23'58" (25)
0? 16'50"> (RcT I> 0?14'45" (26)
fiyAyT cyHjeCTBOBaTb IIHTb o6JIaCTeii CoMHeHIIH, rAe BoIIpoC 0 xapaKTepe JIyH-
Horo 3aTMeHHH MO?K T 6bITb peIIIeH IIOACTaHOBKOl3 TOLIHbIX 3Ha'i HHA pc, po,
ro, r,~ H see i' Aim AaHHorO 3aTMeHHH B COOTBeTCTByIOmHe TO'Hble KpHTepnH
(3)-(11).
HpocMaTpuBag IIpHBeAeHHble BbIBIe xpIITepIH (22)-(26) AJIH o6JlacTeil
COMHeHIIH, BIIAIIM, LITO KplTepliii (23) IIOJIHOCTbIO IIepeKpbIBaeTCH IcpHTepII-
eM (24). CJIeAOBaTeJIbHO, HpH
1?03'54"> ~(3Q>1?03'03" (27)
U03Mio?KHO 'aCTHOe TeHeBOe HJIII iaCTHOe IIOJIyTeHeBOe 3aTMeHHe. Eciiii
1? 03' 03"> I P - I > 0? 56' 45",
(28)
B03MO?KHO 'IaCTHOe TeHeBOe IIJIH 'aCTHOC HOJIyTeHeBoe IIJIH IIOJIHOC HOJIyTe-
HeBOe 3aTMeHHe. ECJiii me
0? 56' 45" > I RQ I > 0? 53' 28",
TO B03MO?KHO IIJIII HOJIHOe IIOJIyTCHeBOe HJIII IIaCTHOe TeHeBOe 3aTMeHHe.
(29)
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IloJIHbie HoJlyTexesbie JIyHHbie 3aTMeHHH (BIIA 2) SIBJIJIIOTCH AOB07bHO
peAKIIM BIIAOM JIyHHbiX 3aTMeH1Ii. B CaMOM AeJie: yrJiOBan IIIHpIIHa iio i r a
3eMHOH IIOJIyTeHH d Ha paCCTOHHHII JIyHbI paBHa:
d = 1,02 (pQ + p?+ rp) -1,02 (p,r + p(D- re) = 2,04 rp. (30)
IIpeAeJlbHoe yrnoBoe pacczofiHHe C Me,ic y KpaeM Jlynbl H xpaeM TeHn
AJIH MoMeHTa 3-ro KOHTaKTa (nagajio win HOHell noAHoro noJlyTexesoro JIyH-
Horo 3aTMeHJE) paBHo:
C = 2,04 rp- 2 r,T = 2 (1,02 (31)
B IIpeAeaiax 3TOR o6JIaCTII C TOJIbHO 11 B03MOMHU IIoJIHble rloJIyTeHeBbie
JIYHHhIe 3aTMeHHA. IlnpiHy 3TOii o6JIaCT11 IIpH cpeAHIIX 3HaiieHHHX r(F) H r(r,,
a nMenno npH r?= 16' 00" n r~ = 15' 43", noaiyIaeM paBHOiI
C=1'12".
113 COOTHOHIeHHH (31) TanH{e HoJlyiiaeM, TO 1111
1,02 r?< r;r
(32)
(33)
IIo.anoe noJiyTenesoe 3aTMenne Heso3MOHSHO, TaK HaK B 3TOM cJiyiiae yrJiosann
HIHpuna KoJibga HOJIyTeHJ McHbfe yrJloBoro AHaMeTpa Jlynbi.
MancHMaJMHO Bo3MOMHan BeJIH*inna Ha116oJIbmeii (a3bi noJ1HOrO HOJIy-
TeHeBoro JIyHHoro 3aTMCHIIJI oupeAejiHeTCH H3 COOTHOIIIeH1JI
1,02r?
bmax= r
. OTCioAa, IIpII MaHCHMaJIbHOM 3HwICHHH rE) H MIIHHMaJIbHOM 3Ha,4eHHII r,~
no A. A. MHxailJIoBy [11, a IIMeHHo npn r?= 16'16" H r,~ = 14'41", noJly-
gaeM
gmax= 1,13.
B 3aKJIP0genne paCCMOTp1M ABa HpiMepa.
1. OIIpeAeJIIIM BHA JIyHHOro 3aTMeanfs 16-17 ceHTn6p5 1959 r. 11,3 ACT-
poHOMHgecxoro a neroAHIIKa CCCP Ha 1959 r. HaxoAHM MOMeHT noJlHOJIy-
Hnf1 T = Oh5lm 17 ceITH6px 1959 r.
AJI5I 3Toro MOMeHTa IIHTepIIOJInpOBaHneM HaXOAHM I p~ I = 0? 58' 16',8. 3TO
3Hagenne I P~ I nouaAaeT B o6JIaCTb COMHCHHH Me}KAy KPHTepl5IM1 (14) H
(15). HpocMaTpnBan HPHTepII1 (22)-(26), BHAHM, 'TO Aannan o6JlacTb
CoMHeHHH COOTS TCTByeT Kp1Tep1HO (23). CJIeAoBaTeJlbno, Ha OCHOBaHHH Co-
OTHOIIIeHHS (28) 3aKJHo'IaeM, 'TO B HaIIIeM cJiygae BO3MOH{HO gaCTHOe nOJIy-
TeHeBoe, HOJIHOe IIOJIyTeHeBoe Him gaCTHOe TeHeBOe 3aTMeHHe.
,JIH Aa.lbHeMnero HCCJIeLOBaHIIH HaXOAIIM AJIH MOMCHTa nOJIHOJIyHH5I:
p(C= 56' 19",10, i' = 5? 35' 52";
po= 8",75, sec i'= 1,00249;
r 15'20",78; 11,02(p~+pp-}-rp)-r(~ 1seci'=0?58'47",1;
r?= 15' 56",24; [1,02 (p~+ pp- r?) + r~ I see i'= 0'56'57",4.
Tan KaK I Pr I < [1,02 (p(c + p?+ r(D) - r~ 1 sec i', TO Ha ocnoBannH KpH-
TepHS (6) 3aRJIIOgaeM, 'TO Aannoe 3aTMeHHe He Mon{eT 6bITb gaCTHbIM noJIy~
TeneBNNM.
Ho, c ApyroII CTOpOHbI,'IOCKOJIbKy
IP~I>[1,02(p~ +p0-r?)+rcIsee. i',
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TO Ha OCHOBaHHH HpHTepHH (8) 3aIJIIogaeM, YTO OHO He MO}HeT 6bITb H
'aCTHIIM TeHeBbIM. CJIe) oBaTeJlbHO, Aa$Hoe 3aTMeHHe MOHteT 6SlTb TOJIblO
HOJIHbIM IIOJIyTeHeBuIM, T. e. OHO OTHOCIITCH H BIIAy 2. KplTepuu (7) IIoA-
inepxcAaeT 3T0 Hanle 3aHJIIo'eHIIe.
2. OHpegeJIHM TeHepb BHA JIyHHOrO 3aTMeHIIB 13-14 Mau 1957 r. 143
ACTpOHOMHLIecHoro excero) HHHa CCCP Ha 1957 r. HaxOAIIM, 'ITO AJig MOMeH-
Ta IIOJIHOJIyHTIU T = 22h34m 13 Mau 1957 r. P;c I = 0?17'44",8. OTcIoAa Ha
OCHOBaHIIH HpIITepHU (19) cpa3y 3aHJIB) IaeM, 'ITO 3aTMCHIIe 6yAeT IIOJIHbIM
TeHeBbIM (BHA 4), a HpHTepHH (20) Hoxa3NNBaeT, LITO OHO 6yAeT HeAeHTpaJIb-
HMM (pa3HOBHAHOCTb 4b). I1Tax MM HaHIJIH, *ITO JlyHHoe 3aTMeHIIe 13-
14 Mau 1957 r. 6yAeT HegeHTpaJlbHbIM IIOJIHbIM TeHeBbIM.
I4pxyTCxax ropoRcxan acTpoHoMWIecxaa
o6cepBaTOpxx Poe. yHHBepcHTeTa
HM. A. A 3IC3aHoBa
.TIIITEPATYPA
1. A. A. M H x a ii n o B. Teopna 3aTMeHnii,.H3A. 2. FocTexH3AaT, 1954.
2. H. I'. II 0 JI o 3 0 B a. 0 HpegBaIYHCJIeHHH noJIyTeHeBblx JIyHHbIX 3aTMeHHii. BwnJi.
14H-Ta TeopeT. acTpoH., 6, Ni 3 (76), 1955.
3. A. P o g o. Classification of Solar and Lunar eclipses. Popular Astronomy, 45, 10,
1937.
4. AcTpoaoMH4ecKHii a ReroAHHH CCCP Ha 1957 roA. H3A-BO AH CCCP, 1954.
5. ACTpoHOMH*IecxHii eRerO HHK CCCP Ha 1959 rog. H39-Bo AH CCCP, 1956.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
H A Y
HABJIIO,JEHIIH MACTHOI'O JIYHHOFO 3ATMEHFIJI
24 MAPTA 1959 r.
M. A. MmJlbxnxep
Ha6Jnojellna Ilpon3BOA11JIHCb B r. LIepnOBubI (q = 48?17', X = 1)h43m488).
Han6oJlbmax (Da3a 3aTMeHHH (no ACTponOMII ecxoMy KaJIeHRaplo) 0,270
AnaMeTpa JIyHuI. BpeMa OTMeTIaJIocJ 110 HapyiIHbIM xIacaM Y
(BpeMa MOCKOBCKOe gexpeTHoe). IlonpaBKa 11 XOA 'IaCOB onpeAeJIHJIncb IIO
pagHo. Aim Ha6JIIoJeHHa KOHTalTOB TaRme 6MIJI HCIIOJIb3OBaH BhIBepennblH
cexyHAoMep rir. 2. rpa iix 3aBHCIIMOCTH
g OT a Ana AByx BeTBeil:
HI)CxoAHMeli (1) H BOCXOAH-
ii eI3 (2) xiaCTHoro TIyHHOro
3aTMeHHH 24 MapTa 1959 r.
R M eQ. E
`Qamc7
(1)Hr. 3. 3Be3AHaa BeJH*IHHa J1yHbI BO BpeMn pnAa
JiyHabix 3aTMeHHIi HpH oAHHaxoson c a3e (a -- 1,17)
2( ceHTH6pH? 1931 F., 14 ceHTx6psi 1932 r., 7 Hoa6px 1938 r., 15 aBryeTa 1943 r.,
14 MaH 1946 r., 7 oKTA6pH 1949 r., 2 allpeJin 1950 r., 26 CeHTH6pn 195() r.,
5 asrycTa 1952 r. [31, TaH xax HpH TOR me a ux g oxa3aJ1ocb 6J1J1 Ke j:
6JiecAy He3aTMeHH0P0 gHcHa JIyHbI.
O,JHaifo j[aHHOO 3aTMeHHC oI{a3aJIOCb CBeTJIee J1yIIHOFO 3aTMeHHH 3 bean
1939 r., y HOTOpOr( HpH gaHII0fI (J)a3e 3Be3J{Han BOJIIIlHHa ~jHCifa 0, *iepe3 HaxcAbie 1?46' Ho BbICOTe
Hp16aIinneM H 3TOMy a3nMyTy no 0?,1, ecJiii me ~ < 0, TO BbIMJITaeM no
0?,1.
B HameM rlpHMepe cJieAyeT IIpH6aBJIHTb.
? 3. OIIPEAEJIEHIIE IIOJIO}KEHIifi OHTW1ECKOI'0 IIEHTPA CHIMKA
HA HEBECHOfi CREPE H IIOCTPOEHHE KP1BOfi AIICTOPCI3H OBIEKTIIBA
13 IIpeAb1AyiueM Haparpacje Mbi npeJIIOJIaraJiri Icoop)HHaTbi olITHIIec1oro
uenTpa cHnmxa Ao H ho II3BeCTHbIMII. Cei3*Iac mm paccMOTpIIM Crioco6bI Hx
onpeAejleHim.
,Jin oupe,eaeHHx IIoJIO ReHHH OIITHHeclHx ocei3 HaMep Heo6xoAHMo Ha
CHHMKax Cepe6pfCTbIX o6JIaKOB IIMeTb TOiiKII C UI3BeCTHbIMH rOpI30HTaJIbHMIMH
KOOpAIIHaTaJIi. B KaiieCTBe TaIHX TOLIOK MO]KHO HCIIOJIb3OBaTb HMeioIureca Ha
rOpH3oHTe AeTaJIH HJIH opHeHTIIpbI, AJIH hero KaMepbi npi CieMKe CJieAyeT
pacnoJiaraTb Tall, 'iT06m Ha CHIIMHe BHII3y KaApa noJIy1IaJICH ropn30HT. ECJIH
TaHHX AeTaJIeI3 HeT, TO AJIH 3TOII IJe.IH MoryT 6bITb HCIIOJIb3OBaHmI IIao6pa-
iEeHHII 3Be3J.
Aim oplenznpoB, TaK HIe HaK 11 AJISI ToileR HOJIH, BI,ItIHCJIHeM ~ H TI. 3aTeM
no (lopiyiie (8) HaxopHM (A - Ao). A HaM II3BeCTHO, cJIeAOBaTeJibHO, AJIH KaHC-
Aoro opnen npa HaxoJHM Ao. OT6pacbisaeM opneHTIIpbi C (h - ho), (A -
- A ) > 10', AJIn ocTa bHMx Hafigennbie Ao ycpeAiiaeM.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BbIBeAeM (DOPMYJiy AJifi oupeAeJleHnn ho. ,JJJiH 3TOI3 I;eJIH ncuoJib3yeM ypaB-
HeHKH (7) H (9). YMHo1Kan HepBoe n3 HHx Ha sin h, a BTOpoe Ha -sin TI, no-
JIyTIIIM:
sine h - sine 7j = sin ho [cos sin h cos + sin. -1 cos h cos (A - A,)]. (33)
143 (33) HanAeM:
(34)
sine h - sinz sin ho= cos r, sin h cos ~ + sin 71 cos h cos (A - AO) .
Aim 3eMHbix opneRTHpOB h oiieHb Mano, Tan KaK oHn pacnOJloHfeHM B6JIH3H
ropH3oHTa, n (lopMyJia (34) MOHieT 6wITb enie ynpo1;ena 3aMenog ~ Ha (A -
- Ao) B 3HaMenaTeiie Apo6H:
sin ho= sin2 h - sinz 71
sin (i ? h) cos(A-Ao)
(35)
ho ycpeAHSieTCH HO pe3yJibTaTaM BbIHHCJIeHHnBCeX opHeHTHpOB, KaH H IIpeH4Ae,
Pa36poc no ho ii Ao He Ao nneH IIpeBbimaTb 2-3'. CXOAHMOCTb 3TIIX 3HaiienHH,
nOJiy'ieHHbIX no pa3HbIM ~ opHeHTHpaM, d (d
3IBJifieTCS XOPOIIIHM HOHTPOJIeM IIpaBHJIb- 0
HOCTH BnltIHCJIeHHI3 H TOT1HOCTII H3Me- 2r
peHHg,
r'MM
Misr. 4. KpnBasi gHCTOpdnn
(ozoannapaTa am3,A-2*.
,gJIH opxeRTHpoB C 60JI1MHMH (A - Ao) anaiieHHfi Ao 6y)yT CIIJIbHO
OTJiHiiaTbcn OT noJIyiielHoro CpeAHero anaiieHHH. ;)TO BM3BaHO TeM, tITO ()IOTO-
rpa(HHiiecxoe HaO6pa?KeHHe He HBJiHeTCH CTporO AeHTpaJIBHO IIpoenI;Hefi.
HMea HeCKOJIbKO OpHeHTHPOB Ha pa3HHiIHMX (60JI1IIIHx) paCCTO$IHHfIX OT OH-
THTiecHoro I1eHTpa CHHMKa, MOMHO H3y'IHTb 3TH OTKJIOHeHHf OT geHTpaJibHOg
HpoeKqHH. OcHOBHaa npwnina Taniix OTKJIOH HHH - AHCTOpCHH 06 beKTHBa.
PacCMOTpHM opHeHTIIp C H8BeCTHb1MH h H A, HMeioirin na cHHMKe ((nr. 3)
KoopAHHaTwI X' H Y'. EciIH 6m Hao6pa3KeHHe Ha cHHMKe 6wrio CTporo I[eHT-
paJibHOi3 npoenIiseis, TO 3TOT opHeHTIIp IIMe1i 6m KOOpAIIHaTbi X H Y. B pe-
3yJIbTaTe omH6on o6,LenTnBa yBenHTiIIBaeTCfi Him yMeHbmmaeTCH yron Mei0
1956,6,7,8,9',0 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 0 1,2,3,4,6,6 7
1957e.. 1852. '
DHr. 1. Hpnsble B3MeaxeMOCZn mIlpoTbl no Ha6JliogeHHnm
B FopbxoM:
a-a HaccnoneH, 6-e- B. Me3Be3Hgbi, e-4 rpynnaj, a-2 napa~,
8-McMAyaapoAHan onynt6a mHporsi
Ho na6JHoJennnM 3THX nap, pacnoJIo eHHUIX HO BpeMeHH HeI aJIexo or
HPHHX 3eHHTHUIX 3Be3J{, MU XOTeaH y6eAHTbCH, 6yJ{yT HIT J.~aBaTI, 3TH Ha6JI1o-
J~eHHH Te me pe3yjlbTaTbl, TaR HaH Cyl[eCTByeT MHeHHe, ZITO Ha6JIIoJ(ennH
SIpKHX 3eHHTHbIX 3Be3J( HMeIOT CBOH oco6eHHOCTH. 113 caMnx ,He Ha6JIIoreHHK
HpFHX nap mm raper noJlaraJIH nOJlygHTb yxa3anne Ha B03MOWHLIe HpHLIHHbI
B03HHKHOBeHHH TaK Ha3UIBaeMOl3 OHIH6K11 3aMUIHBHHH.
RaK BHA HO H3 Ta6JI. 1, COBMeCTHbie Ha6JIIOJ{eHHn 3THX nap 6bIBaIOT 3HMOH
H JIeTOM, u pa3HOCTH MrHOBeHHUIX HIHpOT HO 3THM napaM B o6n~ne HOiIn Ha-
6JIIOJ(eHHI3, B3HTble HO 3HMHHM H JIeTHnM Ha6JI1oJ~eHnfM, He oJ~HHaBOBM.
ORHaKO MaTepnaJla ell;e He,I~OCTaTOTIHO J~JIH KaRHX-J1H6o onpeJ~eJlenHLIX BUIBO-
,JOB. IIOJIygeHHaH KpHBan H3MeHneMOCTH HIHpoTbl no 3THM ,I~ByM napaM npH-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta6,:JIHIIa 1
CpeAHHe
paaHOCTH
,qHCno
paaaocTefl
111OHb-HIOJib 1957 r. . . . . .
362 : 367
- N 4:54
+0",092
mespaab-MapT 1958 r. . . . .
N 4:54
- 362:367
-0,410
IIIOHb-HIOnb 1958 r. . . . . .
362:367
- N 4:54
+0, 079
.BeAeHa Ha ( lHr. 1, 2. )AJin cpaBHeHHH Ha'(Hr. 1, a IIpHBeAeHbl AaHHble Me1KJky-
HapoAHOH cJIyH{6JI HIIipoTbi 3a IIepioA 1957,0 - 1958,4.
B 3Ha'eHHHX MrHOBeIIHLIx IHHpOT KaK no HPKIIM 3eHHTHIIM 3Be3AaM, TaK
H no fipKHM HapaM 3aMe'IaeTCH CHCTeMaTHaHOCTb, 3aBHCHIIJaH OT IIOJIOx{eHHH
HHCTpyMeHTa, IIpH'IHHy KOTOpOR yCTaHOBHTb IIOKa He yAaJiocb.
Ha6JIloAeuIiH IIpKHx 3OHHTHEIX 3Be3A 3aHHMaIOT oco6oe iiojio {elHe B PRAY
HIHPOTHbIX Ha6JIIoAeHHl3. Pe3yJIbTaTbI33THX Ha6JIIoAeHHH CYJIHT 6oJIbmHe B03-
MO?KHOCTH HccJIeAOBaTeJIIO. H. A. HOIIOBy HO Ha6JII0AeHHIO TOJIbKO AByX
HpKHX 3eHHTHhIX 3Be3A -B HOJITaBe yAaJIOCb o6Hapy?KHTb MHoro Ba9I{HLIX
H TOHKHX 3(MIeKTOB: CyTOiIHbIH TiJIeH B KOJIe6aHHHX HIHpOThI [41, iyHHble 'IJle-
HbI [4, 51, H, HaHoaeII, HOJIyrOAOB0Yi YI 11oJIyMecsniHbIl3 HyTawloHHbie eneHM
[6, 71. HeT OCHOBaIIHi3 CqHTaT], 'ITO B 3THX Ha6JIIOAe1HHX y?Ke Bee Hcilep-
IIaHo. OAHaKO B HaCTOHHJee BpeMfl 3TH Ha6JIIoAeHHH IIBJIIIIOTCH eAHHCTBeHHbIMH
B CBOeM poAe, TaK KaK Ha6JIIOA.eHHH B FOpbKOM, HecpaBHHMLI C IIOJITaBCKHMH,
KaK HeCpaBHHMbI HHCTpyMeHTmI, KOTOpLIMR 3TH Ha6JIIoAeHHx IIpOH3BOASITC1.
3TOT (aKT He HMeeT Ce6e Hay'IHoro oIIpaBAaHHH, TaK KaK cneI1HaJIHCTmI CiIH-
TaIOT [61, 'ITO paAH AByx HPKHX 3eHHTHbIx 3Be39 CTOHT CHer naJIbHO CTpOHTb
HIHPOTHble CTaHgHH. rOpbKOBCKalI HIHPOTHafi CTaHInHH AeICTByeT, eft HeAO-
-CTaOT JIHDIb xoponrero COBpeMeHHOrO 3eHHT-TeJiecKona.
BapaJIJIeJIbHue Ha6JI]OAeHHfI B IIOJITaBe H B FOpbKOM Ha cpaBHHMIIX, a
erne JIy'me Ha COBepHrenHO oAHHaKOBMX HHCTpyMeHTax, 3TJI-180, IIO3BOJIHJIH
6b1 CAeJiaTb 60Jree onpeAeJieHHble H o6o6U aiOMHe 3aKJIIowmia OTHOCHTeJIbHO
BCeX TeX TOHKHX a((1eKTOB, KOTOpble yAaJIOCb o6HapyulTb H. A. HOIIOBy
HO Ha6JIIoAeHHfIM HpKHX 3eHHTHLIX 3Be3A [81. Ha6JIIoAeHHSI B FopbKOM Ha
3eHHT-TeJrecRone 3TJI-180 AOCTaBHJIH 6m 6oramii MaTepxaJl AJI5I cpaBHeHHI
H BLIIIBJIOHHH 'IHCTO McCTHLIX IIPHIHH B KOJIe6aHHgX IIIiipOTbl, 3aBHCH11AHx KaR
OT pafioHHoro, Tax H reorpa()HLIecHOrO pac110JIO?KeHHA CTaHAHH.
Ha X C'be3Ae MAC E. H. (DeAopOB OTMeTHJI, 'TO KeAHHCTBeHHhIMH Ha6JIIo-
AeHHFIMH, KOTOpble, no-BHAHMOMy, J.[aIOT IIOAXOAAIIJH1 MaTepHaJI AJI$I 11oJlyile-
HHH IIOJIyrOAoBorO HyTal;HoHHoro 'IJleHa, $IBJIIIIOTCII Ha6JIIOAeHHH JIpHHX 3e-
HHTHLIX 3Be3A B HOJITaBe>. C'IHTaeM HeO6XOAHMLIM Ao6aBHTb, iITO HMefi CBeTO-
CHJIbHbIft 3eHHT-TeJIeCKOII, I'opbKOBCKaH IHrlpOTHafI CTaHI;HJI AaBaJIa 6m MaTe-
pHaJi, paBHOIIeHHblu HOJITaBCKHM Ha6JIIOAe1HHM, a MoweT 6bITb, Hoe B qeM H
6oJlee 6oraTblft.
B IIOATBep?KAeHHe TOO MMI IlPHBOAHM 3AOCb IIporpaMMy, COCTOHIAyIO H8
$IPKHX 3eHHTHbIX 3B03A H IIap, KOTOpYIO MOH{HO 6bIJio 6bt Ha6JIIoAaTb B POpb-
KOM Ha 3eHHT-TeiiecKOIIe 3TJI-180 B Te'eHHe AJIHTeJIbHoro BpeMeHH 6e3 H3Me-
HeHHU (Ta611. 2).
B 3aRJIIogeHHe MM II03BOJIHM ce6e HpuBeCTH 3Aecb CJIOBa C. H. I#OCTHH-
CKOPO [21: i ro,L
14
360
2,24
14 50,8
74 1908,33
-15,22
362
3,63
15 00,4
40 3250,84
56 1542,86
11 MecageB
15
367
3,14
15 20,8
71 58 34,89
-13,50
467
3,24
19 12,5
67 35 28,33
56 1842,28
Hpyrablii rozt
16
479
2,97
19 43,7
45 01 56,22
+7,57
17
495
4,32
20 12,5
56 26 41,15
-11,03
11-12 MecageB
529a
543
5,09
21 35,3
40 1359,56
56 11 19,14
10 MecHgeB
4,99
22 09,0
72 0838,72
+16,98
HiIH HepHOA, BMeCTe C TOM ocJIa6HTCH TaHHEe BJIHIIHHO HOTOLIHOCTH IIOCTOHH-
Horo a6eppa.gHH H HapaimaRcOB 3Be3g)). MiI C'IHTaeM, TO 11 peAJlolicenHan
3J(ecb IIporpaMMa J{JISI ropbrOBCICOI3 IIapaJIJIejIH BO MHOrHX OTHOHIeHHHX y)OB
JIeTBOpBeT HpHBe,L eIIHbIM B 3TOYI ifTaTe coo6pani eHHIIM.
ropbirni3, anpenb 1959 r. ropbxoBcsoe oTAeneHlie BArO
JIHTEPATYPA
1. K. H. ,II y 6 p o B c x x ii. ropbxoBcxaa HliipoTHaB cTaHIHa. AcTpoH. xaaeHAapb
Ba 1951 ron. ropbunil, 1951.
2. C. K. H 0 C T H Ii C x x i3. 06 H3Menexnn acTpoxoMH*iecxiix illJpOT. HeTep6ypr, 1893.
3. AcTpor. 1HpxynHp, N 149, 1954; N 182, 1957.
4. H. A. H o n 0 B. TpyAbi HOJITaBCHoii rpaBHMeTpn=iecxoH o6cepB., TT. II, 111, IV.
5. H. A. II o H o B. AcTpoH. gnpxyJiap, N 101-102, 1950.
6. H. A. H o n o B. AHanH3 pe3yahTaTOB IHecTilneTHero pHgaxpyrnocyTogHbixHa61mAeHnii
3eHHTxbix 3Be3A B HoJITaBe (B ne IaTH).
7. H. A. Ho II 0 B. 0 nonyroAoBoM H nonyMeca*IHoM ?IJienax HyTagilli B xoJle6aaitax
U1HpoTbl HoJJTaBbl. AcTpoH. KypnaJI., 36, N 1, 1959.
8. E. H. Q> e g 0 p o B. HyTagnn H BmiiymgeHHoe ABHxteline HOnIOCOB 3eunii no AaH-
HbIM IHHpoTInTx Ha6mo eiiiiii. HHeB, B3A. AH YCCP, 1958.
9. E. H. QI e g 0 p o B. HyTaruH Ho AaHHbIM miipoTHbix Ha6ni0Aeniii3. )I oxnaA na
X cbe3Ae MAC.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
COZ(EPIHAHHE
CTp.
B. A. B p o H M T a H. CTpyKTypa Aajiexoli BHemHea Koponbi 19 nioHH 1936 r. 3
,0. B. ) a y a H e B c x a H. HoHTpaOTM HMope - MaTepHx> H exaZiMa - manxa>) 10
Ha Mapce B 1956 H 1958 rr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C. H. C p e A H H c x H ii. CoBnaAeaae BbICOTbi ConHi;a upH eeaoHHbix BBneHIIHx 15
Ha Mapee H Ha 3eane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B. H. 4 B e T K 0 B. IIonosxeHHe nOnOC H ReTanH Ha IOnHTepe -B 1957 r. . . . 20
A. A. H a B e p H H. HnaccH HxaI;HH nyHHbix 3aTMeHHii . . . . . . . . . 27
M. A. M H a b x H K e p. Ha6niojeHHn tiaCTHoro nyHHOro aaTMeHHK 24 MapTa 32
1959 r. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A. H. H H K H in x H H. Ha6jnoy eHHH McTeopabix UOTOKOB B 1957 r. . . . . . 37
0. B. B a c H a b e B. Ynpon;eHHbII3 cnoco6 peAyxi;HH xoopAHHaT npH 4IOTOrpa4H- 40
Yecxoft (oTOMeTpHH cepe6pncTEIx O611aiOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C. F. H y a a r n H. IbpbxoBCKax mnpoTHaH cTaHnHS HMeHH H. H. Ry6pOBCKOro 48
BKUineTeHb Bcecoio3Horo aCTpOHOMO-rewAe3HYeCKoro o6ngecTBa, Ns 27 (34)
YmeepaicOeuo x netamu I(enmpan bnb{M coeemo+tt Bcecowauoao acmpoxoMO-aeo3e3u'eenoao o6t4ecmea
npu AxaOeAtuu uayx CCCP
PI4CO AH CCOP 7Vb 84-22B. CAano B Ha6op 17/X 1959 r. HoAuncaao H negaTH 291XI1 1959 r.
DopMaT 70X1081/,.. 17eq. a. 3,25+2 BHJ[eikHB. Ycn. ueq. n. 4,45. Yq.-MBA. it. 3,61. THpaxs 1500 axa. T-13571
HaA. NI 4138. THu. aaH. J'4 2332
I(ena 2 py6. 70 xon.
13aAaTexLCTBO AHaAeMBH HayH CCCP. MOCHBa, B-62, HOACOCeHCHBek nep., 21
2-H THnorpa(pHn IIagaTenbCTBa AH CCCP. MOCHBa, r-99. IHy6uHcHHIk nep., 10
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
geaa 2 p. 70 icon.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
A K A A E M H H H A Y K. C C C P
TPYAbI MM3IILIECHOI'O IIHCTHTYTA HM. II. H. JIEEEAEBA
TOMXII
HCCJIEgOBAHHH
111 0 0 II T ICI I{ E
'H3AATEJIbCTB0
AKAAEMHH HAYK CCCP
1960
STAT
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
A H A A E M ICI H H A Y H C C C P
TPY,L bI (DH3I,hIECHOFO IIHCTHTYTA ITM. H. H. JIEBE, EBA
ToM XII
HCCJIEgOBAHHH
HO OIITYIRE
II3)IATEJIbCTBO AHAgEMHII HAYS CCCP
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
OTBeTCTBeUHTIH peAaKTOp
aKaReMllK,Z. B. CKOBE.7bI(blH
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PE30HAIICHUI Il IIEPEHOC
3HEPPHII B03BYMUEHIIJI
B JIIOMHHECAHPYIOJI1 HX PACTBOPAX'
BBEAEHHE
Me yMoJIeKyJInpHble B3aHMog7eYICTBIin 'IaCTO cyII;eCTBeHHO BJIIIJIIOT Ha
OIITH'IecKlIe CBO7iCTBa Be11jecTBa. 11ccJIegOBaHHe Me?KAyMOJIeKyJIHpnuIX B3a-
HMOJ(eI3CTBHI3 OIITH'IeCKHMII McTOgaMH B OAHIIX CJIy'anx cJly}KHT AJI5I BbIfICHe-
HHH OIITH'IeCKHX BOIIpoCOB, B Apyrix - }IBJIHeTCB BCIIOMoraTeJlbHLIM McTO-
AOM MOJIeRyJISIpHOI3 (DH314KH. Oco6enHoe no.no?KenHe 3aHHMaeT CJlytlaii B3aH-
MoJ(eiiCTBHH Me?KJ[y B036ymgeHHbIMH H HeB036y?KIeHHbTMH MOJIeKyJIaMH. 3TO
B3aHMOJjeIiCTBHe BhI3bIBaeT Hepexo aHeprHH Bo36y;EAeHHH OT Bo36y?KJ[eHHblx
MOJIeHyJI K HeB036y?HJeHHbIM H 1OBTOMy HenOCpegCTBeHHO BJIHHeT Ha H3JIyile-
HHe. TaKHM o6pa3OM, BOIIpOC 0 B3a1MoAeIICTBnH Bo36yHSJ;eHHLIX MOJIeRyJI
OTHOCHTCH HpentAe BCero K MOJIeRyJIHpHOii OIITHKe H, B iIaCTHOCTH, H y'e11HIO
O JIIOMHHeCge}IjIIH.
Fait 6yAeT BHAHO 143 JaJlbHei=imero, Kpyr JIB3IeHHiI, B KOTOpLIX IIpOHBJIHeTCII
B3aHMOAeIiCTBIIe B036y7CJ(eHHnIX H HeB036y 1t eHHMX MOJIeHyJI, AOCTaTO1IHO
UHpOK, tITO H O11pegeJIHeT 3Ha'IeHHe 3Toro BOIIpoca AJin JIIOMIIHeCIJeHIJHH.
RpoMe TOPO, B3anMOAeI3cTBHe, KOTOpoe paCCMaTpIIBaeTCH B naCTOSiujei3 pa-
60Te, xapaxTepxo TeM, 'ITO 0110 onpegeJIHeTCH B IIepBYIO o'Iepe,1 b OIITII'IecHII-III
CBOIICTBaMH B3aIMOJ[eIICTByIOIqHx MoJIeHyJI.
HCCJIeAOBaHne TymeHHH IIOCTOpOHHHMH ra3aMH, ceHc116nJIH3OBaHHOii Jiio-
MHHeCIjeHljnn H Apyrix HBJIeHHIi, Ha6JIIo aIonJ4xcH IIpH pe30HaHcHofi (DJIyo-
pecl[eHuHH aTOMHbIX IIapoB, AaJIO MHOPO CBegeHHi3 o npoiAeccax coygapeHHii
C B036ywgeHHbIMH aTOMaMH. 17bTJIH pa3BHTLI TaKH a TeopHH, 06,b5ICBHIOIIjHe
B npin-ii IIe 11epeHOC aHeprHH B036ymgeHIIH IIpH coygape11nnx (cm., Ha-
HpnMep, [11). 3(4eHTHBHble ceTIeHIIH COOTBeTCTByioHjnX IlpoijeccoB, 06LI'IHo
npeBblmalonjHe ra30EHHeTHtIecKHe ceileHHH, noJlyilaJlnCb 143 TeopHH IIO no-
pHAKy BeJIHzIHHbJ corJIacyIou nMBCH C OIIbITOM.
HepBasi yCIIemHas HofbITKa IIepexecTH IIpegcTaBJIeHHe o coyJ(apeHHHx
C B036y?H eHHMMH MoJleKy.naMH Ha HiHAKHe pacTBopbl 6i is c e.IaHa C. H. Ba-
BIIJIOBbIM B TeopsIH TymeHHH JIIOMHHecJjenljim paCTBOpOB IIOCTOpOHHHMH Be-
HJecTBaMII (HarplMep, HOAHCTbIM KaJIneM, allniiHHOM H T. 11.) [2]. BaBHJIOB H
CBOHIHHKOB 131 pa3pa6oTaJIH Teopilo, yi IITbIBaloHjyio, iITO B HEM KOCTHX
(B 11pOTIIBOIIOJIOH{HOCTb ra3aM) onpeJje.nnioruyio pOJIb HrpaiOT Tax na3biBae-
Mble MoJIeHyJI, KoTOpLIe AaICe B HJjeaJlb-
HOM pa36aBJIenHOM pacTBope He o11peJ[eJIAIOTCA ra3oHHHeTnLIecKoi3 (JOpMyJIOIi,
a 3aBIICHT OT B3I3HOCTH pacTBOpa. 3Ta TeopHH, HCIIOJIb3yIon an pe3yJlbTaTI,I
Teopnn HOaryJlniiHH CMOnyxoBcxoro, IIpHBeJIa K xopomeMy cOPJIacHio c OIIbI-
I CoxpauSeaHbiil TexcT AHCCepTaiIHH Ha coclcxanlle y'ienoil cTeneirn AoxTOpa c]III3Hxo-
MaTeMaTHUeexns Hayx. 3an[Hu ena B l H3HilecuoM I11ICT1I1yTe HM. II. II. .TIe6eAeBa AH
CCCP 27 c espaJin 1956 r.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TOM 11 HO3?Ke IIOJIyiIHJIa AaJIbHeHIIIHe IIpJIMexeHIIFI B TeopHH xble yCOBepuIOHCTBOBa11i1H McTOJJBICI- cJeiiaim B ycTauonxe,
Doc9-poe Mori BOIPI-BpyeBIIYpM, -N1 oJIYaiioBbJM 11 1111IpoI{OBb1M [ 151.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
cKOro HYTH OAHOro H3 HytIKOB, pa3AeJiSeMbix HoJIyrlpo3pa'IHbIM 3epKaJloM
H3. TaKHM cnoco6oM AOCTIIraeTCH KOMIIeHCaI);IIH pa3HOCTH (ta3 (p, IIOJIyTIaIo-
II>,eRCSI Hp i aabieHe pacceHBa10IIl',erO o6'beKTa JI1oMHHecAHpyioignM? ECJIH cMe-
meHIIe 3epKaJI OX, TO (p = w/c ? 2Ax, rAe c - cKOpOCTb CBOTa. Bo36yxcAalo-
H>;HR CBeT H CBeT JIIOMIIHeCI1;eHI[HH 4 OHydHpylOTCII O HOR H TOR we cseTOCHJIb-
HoR IIapa60JIIIT1ecKOR JIHH30R JI, HpIIUeM B036ywAaiom)HR HyiIoK HoriaAaeT
Ha 3epKaJio 3, Hepe1pbIBaIOU ee HOJIOBIIHY JIHII3bI JI (BMecTo 3 Mo iu o HO-
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sepHaJio HJII4 Ae.uHTeJlbnblIl Q1HJIbTp; F - AIoMHHecl1npyioIuee BeulecTBO HJI1 pac-
cenBaIoIuaH noBepXHOCTb; JI - ceeTOCHJIbxafi napa6oJ1HTlecxaf JIHHaa; 113Y -
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IIpLeMHHK, B Ha'IeCTBe KOTOporo HCHOJlb3OBaJICH oAHoKac1aAHbIR yMHO?KHTeJIb
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BaHbI 06LILIHbre CXeMbI HpI4eMHIIKOB c IIpeo6pa3oBaHHeM gaCTOTbI (B nocaeAHeM
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PE30HAHCHLIA HEPEHOC 3HEPPHH B JI1OMHHECIIHPYIOmHX PACTBOPAX
BapHaHTe CxeMbl IIplMeHHJIOCb JjByEpaTHoe IIpeo6pa30BaHHe, IIpwIeM naCTOTa
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B IIepByi0 OtIepegb OTHOmeH11eM CHFHaUa K YPOBHIO HIYMOB ()OTOyMHOSKHTeJI1,
KOTOpOO 3aBHCHT OT HMe1OnjeIiCH B pacnopsiMeHHH IIHTeHCHBHOCTH CBeTa H OT
HOJIOCbi LIaCTOT YCtJIIITeJIH. B HamHx yCJIOBIIHX yCTaHOBKa 3epKa.i MOrJIa 6bITb
CJjeJIaHa C TOgHOCTbIO 1-2 cm, no o6njan TO'IHOCTb H3MepeHHI3 OnpeJjeJIHeTCH
rJIaBHMM o6pa3oM CTeneHbIO CTa6HJIJ,HOCTn (a3bl, KOTopas! 3aBHCHT OT MHOrIX
q)aRTOpOB. IIogpo6HbII3 aHaJIII3 TOTIHOCTH H3MepeHIII3 Ha 4)a30BOM (JIyOpOMeTpe
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YM-2 n ( oTOyMHO?KIITeJIH ((D3Y-19) y BHxoAHOi3 n;eJiH. CneKTpaJlbllafi gyB-
CTBHTeJIbHOCTb 3TOI3 yCTaHOBKH 6bLJIa OnpeJjeJIeHa IIpH CTaHIIapTHbIX YCJIOBHHx
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ca 3Hepruu B036yxcgeHHJq BIIepBble 6bIJIa pa3BHTa B H3BeCTHOI3 pa6oTe HaJlb-
MaHa H JIOHAOHa [ 1] gJIH ra3oB, o611aJIa1omnx Y3KHMH JIHH11HM11 norJIOIgeHHH
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IHpylorgHe paCTBOpbI AJIH o6,bJICHeHHH HBJIeHHH KOHI;eHTpaI IIOHHOI3 geno iH-
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CH BepOflTHOCTb nepexojja CHCTeMM H3 COCT(,HHHJI C BOJIHOBOfi (FyHK1Heg TH
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6y}KJIeHHOMy COCTOAHHIO M1 H HeB036yIt eHHOMY M, a TK - Hao6opOT,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HeBO36y1IJZ(eHHOMy COCTOHHIIO M1 H BO36y?1 eHHOMy 1112, TO W IIpeACTaB-
THOT C06OR HHTepecyIomyIO HaC BepOHTHOCTb HpeIIOCa 3HepTHII B036y?1CAOHIIH.
B cJlyiIae AHIIOJIb-AHIIOJIbHOTO B3a1MOAefCTBHH 3HeprHa B3aIIMOAeiiCTBHfl
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pOHTHOCTbIO n3JIytIeHHH H IIOTJIOWeHHfI BO B3anMo e1CTByIOIDHX MOJIeHyJ1ax,
TaK KaH H B TOM II B ApyroM CJiyuae BepOfITHOCTH nepexOAOB CBf13aHbi C
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3Aecb ? (~'1, 42, p) = 2 cosl(~1 cos 42 - sin; sin 42 cos p - MHOHHIITeJIb, 3aBII-
CfIIUHiI OT yrJioB 41 II 'a2, cocTaBJIxeMbIx OC$TMII AHIIoJieH C HanpaBJlenneM
R n pa3HOCTH p a3HMyTaJIbIIbIx yrJIOB AHIIOJ1ef (B [20] npOBeAeHO cpa3y
ycpeAHeHHe n0 OpIIeHTaIWWHM, np1LIeM 62 2/3; HaM yAO6Hee OCTaBHTb BTOT
MHOHCnTejIb B JIBHOM BIIAe); T1 - cpeAHee BpeMH BO36y 11 eHHOrO COCTOHHHH
MOJIeKyHI M1i Fl (E) - IIX HOpMnpOBaHHbIH 3HepreTnTIecHHn cneKTp H3JIyiie-
HHJI; OG2 (E) - cnexrp IIOrJIOWeHHH MOJIelyJI M2 (MOJIe1yJIHpHbIH nOHa3aTeab
Horjioi[eHHf3, T. e. IIOKa3aTeJIb IIoraomeHHH, OTHeceHHbIn u oAHOH MOJIeKy-
Re); (' / (j'c - OTHomeHH HanpflHceHIIOCTel 3JIeHTpu1IeC1orO IIOJIB B nyCTOTe
II B cpeue; g H g' - cTaTllcTIIUecIne Beca ypoBHel; E _ h w. Coriiacno [20],
MOIHHO CgHTaTb, LITO (9 / e'/2~9c = 1. Tan Han BcTpeqaIon 1Iecn B AaJIbHenIIIeM
nepexoPbi npOHCXOAfiT Me>KAy CHHryJIeTHbIMII ypOBHHMH, TO g = g'
II03TOMy 9C4(U2 C a2 (~) FI (U)) dw (1.3')
W - 8izR6n4T1 w4 , ('
=
rAe F1 (w)-HOpMnpOBaHHLIH CIICKTp JIIOMHHeCILeHI~1H MOHelyJi MI(JF1 (w) d(o
= 1).
RJiaccH*IecxaK IIIITepnpeTagun 1211. B BblpaxceHHe (1.3) AJI5I Bepo}ITHOCTH
Hepenoca He BXOA11T HBHO 1 (npn IIOAcTanoBne E _ hw, h coxpanlaeTCn).
r1O3TOMy Bo3MO]1CHa n KJlaccnileclcan HHTepnpeTal-nn nnBJIeHHH pe3onancIIOrO
riepenoca.OIIeBHAHO,`ITO cooTHOHIenne Me)KAy KBaHTOBOH H KJIacCHilecic0I3 Teo-
pHBMH 3Aecb TaKoe He, Han B TeopHn AHCHepCIH, H CBOHCTBa peaJlbnblx CHCTeM
MoryT 6bITb y*ITeHLI BBegeHIIeM B KJIaCCHtleCxylo TeOpHIO BeJIni1HH l CHJI OCWIJf-
JIHTOpOBI).
KJiacenneclcan TeOpnfI HMeeT TOJIbICO IIJIJIIOCTpaTHBHOe 3Hallenne, HO IIpoCTa
n HarJIHAHa. B IcalieCTBe KJIaccw Ieclcofi MOAeJIII B03bMeM ABa AIIIIOJIbHbIX aJieK-
TpOHHbIX OCAIIJIJI}ITOpa, B03AenCTByIOMIIX Apyr Ha Apyra CBOHMH aJIeHTpOMar-
HHTHbIMH IIOJIHMH. IlyCTb B HatlaJlbHbIH MOMeIT B036y?nAOH OCAIIJIJITITOp, MOAe-
Jlnpyl0n[14H MOJIexyJiy M1. IIOCKOJIbBy B AeI1CTBHTeJIbHOCTH nocjle IIepeHOCa
MOJieEyJia M2 O6bPIHO 6bICTpO peJianCnpyeT B HopMaJibHoe B036yHCAeHHOe co-
CTOfiHHe, TO o6paTHbHH IIepenoc OT M2 K M1 MO}HHO pacCMaTplBaTb He3aB1ICBMO
OT nepeuoca Ml-> M2. T4TO6bi yileCTb TO B HJIaccw iecROI3 MOAeJIn, IIpeAHOJIO-
HCHM,'ITO OCB,HJIJIfITOp M2 o6JiaAaeT oiIOHb 6OJIbIIIIIM 3aTyxaHneM(3TO npeAIIOJIO-
nKeHne He TIBJIHeTCH o6fi3aTeJIbHbIM; MOITHO Tarnice, CJIeAyn Ileppeny 151,
paCCMaTpHBaTb HagaJlbHyIO 6bICTpOTy nepegagn 3H prHH, orAa OCAHJIJIHTOP
HO
M2 HMeeT enje cpaBHHTeJlbHO MaJIyIo aMIIJIIITyAY). Hannmem yp HHH
JIe6aHnn TaicIix CBfi3aHHMX CnCTeM:
x1 + 281x1 -{- w1x1 = Xx2; (1.4)
x.> + 282x2 1 (')2x2 = XX1.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PE3OHAIICHbIIT IIEPEHOC 3HEPI'Hn B JIIOMHHECLjHPYI0WIIX PACTBOPAX 9
PemmeHIIe 3THX ypaBHeHI1A IIp1 yCJIOBIIIIX, 1ITO EO3((JJH9IIeHT CBII31,1 AOCTa
TO'IHO Man (x/W2 < 1), a 3aTyxaHHe BTOporO OCIIIIJIJIHTOpa 3Ha'IHTeJIbHO
6oJIbIHe, ileM IIepBoro (S2 61), ]JSaeT pe3yJlbTaT [221, noHa3bnBalougnii, *ITO
y cna6o 3aTyxa1omero OCAIIJIJISITOpa 113-3a CBII3H 3aTyxaHHe yBeJIHLIHBaeTCH,
it HoKa3aTenb 3aTyxaHHFI npno6perTaeT ++ 3Ha'IeHHe
z
$(= U1 + !1 2b2 ~1 + (wI s'2 w2)2J-1
1
IIMex B BHAy cay'laii CHJIOHIHbIX IIIHpOKHX CHewTpoB, Hy9KHO ycpeAIIHTm
3TO BblpaxEeHHe HO pa3JIIPIHMM TIaCTOTaM. B Knacc}pleCEOFI 11ITepnpeTaljnr
HYIEHO, o'IeBHJI;HO, C'HTaTb, qTO ()yfEH;n1 FI((o) II (12(w) gaIOT pacnpeAeaeHne
OCAHJIJIHTOpoB no 'IacTOTar. YcpeAHHH (1.5) no pacnpegeJIeHHIO FI(w) a2(w),
eCJIl IIIHpnxa pe30Hancnoro MHo E11TeJIFT MaJIa no cpaBHenHIO Co cneKTpa-In
(3T0 YCJIOBHe 110 CBOeMy CMbICny B n3BeCTHOFI CTeneHIl COOTBeTCTByeT 6-c yHEuHn,
BXOAHIIleii B KBaHTOBOMexaHHileCEnFI paC'ieT [201 6aaroJapn IIpunAnny
(DpaHEa - RonAona), noayiliM:
a2 (w) F2 (co) dw
a2 ((o)do)
llwi
HOHa3aTeJIb 3aTyxaHlia AJH aMnaHITYAbI 6 CBH3aIl C BpeMeHeM 3aTyxaIInn AJIfl
HHTeHCHBIIOCTII COOTHOHIeHneI 26 = 1/T H IIO3TOMy BeaIl'niHa
7Cx2 S a2 (w) F1 (w) dw
W--
2wI a2 (w) dw
HMeeT CMLICJI Bepo$ITHOCTH Hepenoca.
ECJHI B3alMOAeFICTBy1omHe 0CI11JlnHTOphI - AHHOJIII, TO Eoa44HuHeHT
cBH3n onpeAenxeTCH npoeKuneli 3JIeETpl'1ecxoro noJIH oAHOrO oc1HJnlaTOpa
Ha HanpaBnenne OCII Apyroro H Ann 61 HHeIi 3onbl nneeT BHA
('Sl, '9'~, ~)
r,
VU I/ 2 e2 1 XC (D
to n2 X R3 9
rAe I(41, 42, (P) nMeeT npe;EHee 3Ha'leHne.
B 3T0 BbIpaSEeHHe BBeJeHbl CHnM OCI;HnJIHTOpOB /1 H f 2, allanoriigHo TOMy,
KaK 3T0 AenaeTCH B MoJIeEyJIFIpnoii onTHEe B Apyrnx cnytIanx. CIInbi oCIiIInJIH-
TOpOB MOHIHO CBJI3aTb, C oAHOI3 CTOpoHbl, C eCTeCTBeHHbIM BpeMeaeM 3aTyxa-
Hnfl TI n, C ApyuOii CTOpOHLI,- C JHTerpanoM EpJlBOII nornonjeuIIH
3 nzc3 1 1
li= 2 e2w2 n T1
1
2 (1.9)
3,nc
f2 - 2zc2e2 n ( a2 (w) dw,
r,e a2(w) - Hoxa3aTenb IIOrJIOII[eHHH Ha oAHy NIOa0HyJly. IIoACTaBJ1B (1.9)
B (1.8), IOay'InM
iV - 9e4m2
SzcHsn4T1
a2 (w) F1 (w) dw
w4
BLIpaSEeHIIe (1.10), noay'iennoe 113 Enaccnilecxoii MoAeall, npaHTH'ecEn
COBnaAaeT C (1.3). MII07EIITeab 1/w4 B (1.10) AoJISKeH, KOHegHO, KaE H B (1.3),
CTOJITb IIOA IiHTerpaaOM, Tax EaE, OCTaBHB WI BHe IIHTerpaaa npH nepexo e OT
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
(1.5) K (1.6), MM B CyrgHOCTII CAe.ia.ni IIpeAIIOJIO9KeHHe 0 TOM, 11T0 H3MeHeHneM
'COI MO?KHO npene6petIb B cueITpaJlbnoIi o6J1aCTH IIepeKpLITHH CIIeKTpoB.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, KJIacc1tleCKag MO OJlb AaeT HarJInIgHOe HcTOJIKOBaJHe
npoI ecca pe30HaHCHOH nepeAaqn 3HeprHH Bo36y5KgeH1$I 14 IIOgTBep1{Z[aeT
pa3BHBaBmeecx BaBI1JIOBbIM npeACTaBJIeHH0 o6 KHHAyKTIIBHOM pe3onance>>.
CL\IMCJI 3TOr0 TepMIIHa 3aKJ11o IaeTCn, CJIeAOBaTeJIbHO, B TOM, TO riepeAa*la 3Hep-
FnII npOHCXOAHT Ha paCCTOHH1HX, MOHbIHHX AJIHHHI CBeTOBOII BOJIHbI, 11p1TleM
OCHOBHyIO pOJIb HrpaeT KBa3HCTaglIOHapHoe () 3JIeKTpOMaI'HIIT-
Hoe iii ie B3a1MOAOIICTByiOn1HX CHCTeM. TepMnH B ero IIp$IMOM KJIaC-
-cimecKOM CMbICJIe (peaKg1H CHCTeMbI Ha nepHOAHileCKOe BHenlHee Bo3AeH-
CTBne) HeJib3H IIOJIHOCTLIO OTHeCTH K AaHHOMy c iyLIaIo. KaK CJIeAyeT H3 H3JI0-
3KeHHOrO, IIpaBHJlbuee B KJIacdi*lecEoA BHTepnpeTauln rOBOpuTb 0 CBH3aHHbIX
KOJIe6aHIISIX. HPe3OHalc> 3axino IaeTOH 3AOCb B TOM, qTO C06CTBeHHble LIaCTOTbI
B3a1MOAekCTByIOHJIIX CHCTeM npeJ[nOJIara10TC51 paBHbIMH. B KBaHTOBOH TeOpHH
3TO Bblpa}KaeTC11 COOTBeTCTByIOIIWM paBeHCTBOM 3HeprHH. TaKHM o6pa3oM,
TepMHH (pe30HaHCHbIH HepeHOC> HMeeT HeKOTOpbIH yCJIOBHbIII CMbICJI. YnoMHHa-
HHe 0 pe30HaHCe B CMbICJIe paBOHCTBa tIaCTOT HpHO6peTaeT oco6eHHoe 3Ha*leHIIe
B CJiytlae MOJIeKyJI C IHHpOKIIMII cneKTpaMH, KorAa paBeHCTBO TiaCTOT (3HeprHH)
IIMeeT McCTO He TOJIbKO HpH B3aHMOAeuCTBHn, HO 1 AJISI HeB3anMOAeuCTByiOnkHX
CHCTeM, IIOCKOJIbKy MOHCHO npeHe6peu, CMeujeHHeM ypOBHel 3HOprHn BCJIeACT-
BnO B3aHMoAelcTBHH DO cpaB11IeHH10 C HIHp1IHOH cneKTpoB.
? 2. BJIHHHne nepenoca axeprnll Bo36y?KAeHHH
Ha CpeAHIOlo AJIHTeabHOCTb Bo36yuIc enHoro COCTOHHIlH
Ecim ABe MOJIeKyJILI Ml H M2 HaXOAHTC$i na 4)HKCHpoBannoM paCCTOHHHH
R H HX B3aHMHan OpHeHTaWISI Hen3MeHHa, TO BepOHTHOCTb nepenoca W
COXpaHHeT IIOCTOHHHOe 3Ha'eHne. YMeHbmeHHe BpeMerH W143HH 'rl B03-
,6yxcAeanoro COCTOHHn$ MOJIexyJlbl M, onpeAeJIHeTCH Tal:
(2.1)
Tl T10
KeHIIJI O HepeMemH-
BaHHH, To 3TO cooTHOmeHIIe Me?KAy BbIXOAOM H T CTaHOBHTCH HecnpaBeAJIIIBbIM.
B 3TOM cJlygae HYMHO ytIITIdBaTb Tymenne TaKwe 11 BHYTPH c epbi c paAHy-
CoM a. ECJIH C'HTaTb 3T0 Tylnenne npH6JIH?KeHHO >, TO, corJia-
CHO [7), IIOJIygHM
BI = TI .e-sIN
BIO TIo
rAe n = 3 -a' - 06i eu .
CJlygali HeIIOABHNCHbIX MOJIeRy i [241. B AOCTaTOgHO BH3KOn cpeAe MoJIe-
iiyJIbl MO?KHO C'IITaTb He]EIOABH?KHbIMH B TegeHne BpeMeHH B036ymAeHHoro
COCTOHHHH. B 3TOM CJlygae IIpH ycpeAHeHHH BepOHTHOCTH IIepeuoca no pa3JI14q-
HbH1I KOH(HryparjuuM M2 Boxpyr M1 Hy?KHO ygHTbIBaTb, 'ITO cpe)AHxa Bepo-
BTHOCTb nepeHOca 6yAeT H3MeHHTbCH B TegeHHe BpeMeHH B036y?KAeHHoro
COCTOIIHHH, TaK KaK 6oJiee 6JIarOIIpH5ITHbie KOHI~Hrypaljin 6yAyT HCIIOJIb30-
BaTbCfl AJIH HepeHOca 6bICTpee, qeM McHee 6JIaronpHATHwe. TaKoI3 344eKT
(CM. [251) IIpHBeAeT K TOMy, qTO 3aKOH y6bIBaHHH B036y}KAeHHbix
\IOJIeKYJI MI CO BpeMeneM yme He 6yAeT 3KCIIOHeHIjnaJlbHbIM.
Ho AHTOHOBy-POMaHOBCKOMy [25] 3TOT 3aKOH MO?KHO Hai TH CJIe) yIOIIIHM
oupa3oM. BBOAeM o6o3HageHHH: n(t) - KoHIjeHTparjl1 BO36y?Kj[eHHblx MOJIe-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ky., Ml; n(R, t) - KoHIIeHTpaI;HH B036y1KAeHHbIX MOJIelyJI M1, HaxoAH-
1J HXCH Ha paCCTOfHHH R OT MOJieKyJi M2; N - KOIIAeHTpal[nn M2; N(R, t)-
Korn eHTpaIZHH M2i HaxoAHuZnxcn Ha paCCTOHHHH R OT B036Y X J
KyJI M1. 113 3Tnx onpeAeJIeHHYI cJleAyeP,a T Hncjio nap R, B MIM, (060HT3Hie 0 lI6M m I'O?
eMa
tiepe3 K(R, t)), OTCTOHnInx Apyr OT Apy p
dv paBHo
K (R, t) dv = n (t) N (R, t) dv = Nn (R, t) dv. (2.6)
n (R, t) _ N (R, t)
n (t N
o6o3Ha'InM uepe3 ' (R, t).
Aim n(t) 6yAeM nMeTb ypaBHeHHe
do (t) _ _ f ? N (R, t) W (R) dv} n (t),
dt l T 111
0
(2.7)
(2.8)
rAe IIHTerpaJi no o6'beMy yiTHTbIBaeT BepOHTHOCTb nepeHOca B pa3JIITIHbie
MoJIeKyJIbI M2, KOTOpbie B HazlaJIbHbIH MOMenT npeAnOJlaraIOTCH pacnoJloweH-
HbIMH 6ecnopHAo'IHO. Hn}KHnII npeAeJI IIHTerpnpOBaHIIH OnpeAeJlIeTCH CyM-
MOH paAHyCOB MoJIenyJI, HO ero MO?KHO C AOCTaTOiIHOH TOTIHOCTbIO npIIHHTh
paBHbLM HyJIIO (3TO He npHBOAHT K paCXOAHMOCTII, KaK B IlpeAblAyfLeM CJIyiIae).
GKOpOCTb y6bIBaHHH n (R, t) Aorn na 6bITb 6oJIbIBe, *IeM Aim n (t). 3TO
MO}KHO y'IeCTb, BbIAeJIIIB OTAeJIbHO BepOHTHOCTb Hepenoca AJIH napbl, Haxo-
AHII[eIICH Ha paCCTOJIHFIH R. TorAa
00
fdn (R, t) _ - { 1 + S N' (R, t) W (R) dv + W (R)} n (R, t). (2.9)
dt J
0
PacnpeLeJieHHe N' (R, t) HecnoJIbKO oTJIHgaeTCH OT N (R, t), no eCJIII
paCCMaTpHBaeMbIII 06'LOM v AOCTaTOLIHO BeJIHK, TO 3THM n3MelleHneM MO)KHO
npene6pe1qb, Tax Kan
N'(R,t) Nv-1
N (R, t_
Nv
3aMeHHB n (R, t) _ 'Y) (R, t) n (t), IIOJIyLIHM
d,, (R' t) _ - W (R) (R, t), (2.10)
dt
T. e. i (B, t) = e 'Vt (Tan KaK r (R, 0) = 1). OTCioAa
00
-LN (1 -e W(R,a,,02,w)t)dv]. (2.11)
n (t) = no exp - T
0
HOACTaBIIB (1.10), MO RHO BbIlqIICJIIITb FHTerpaJI B 3nCIIOHeHTe:
00 00 B02
c Re
S (1 - e-wt) dv = JSSsin ;aI sin.10f2 0,, dla2 d y (1 - e- ) R 2 dR =
0
0
I
00
- SSS yBT2t sin 41 sin ~,2 del dN d y ? (1 - e x') dx;
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PE3OHAHCHbIfI IIEPEHOC 3HEPPHII B JII0MHHECI[HPYIOMIIX PACTBOPAX 43
00 _ 1
S (1 - e x~) dx (2.12)
0
LJIH BbILIHCJIeHHH nHTerpajia no yrJlaM Heo6XojjtMo IIPHHHTb BO BHHMa-
Itne, *ITO Hy}KHO B3HTb a6coJIIOTHOe 3Ha'IeH14e MIIOHrnTeJIH, 3aBHCHII);ero OT
yrJIOB. 11O3TOMy IIpH yCpeAHeHHH HO 42 Hy?KHO, IJHKCHpOBaB "1, HanpaBHTb
nOJIHpHyiO OCb BjOJIb HanpaBJIeHHH 3JIeHTpw iecEoro noun IIepBoro Amman
H OTCLIHTbIBaTb 1 OT 3T01'O HanpaBJIeHHH, a 3aTeM npoHHTerpHpoBaTb HO 411
IIPHHHB BO BHHMaHIIe yrJIOBylo 3aBHCnMOCTb a6COJII0THOH BeJIHTInHbI
3JIeiTpn'IecKoro noJIH ;jHIIOJIH. TaKHM o6pa3OM HOJIyLIaeM
2
SJJ sin ~,1 sin `D2 d,51 dD,2 d y = 2 ~3 cost 1 1 sin $1 d~a1 x
0
x ~ cos N sin 42 d42 d?,-z:- 4rr ? 0, 69. (2.13)
0 0
1/13 (2.11) - (2.13) nOJIy'uiM 3aROH yMeHbmeHHH qNCJia 11o36yTKjjeHHbia
MoJIelVJ1 M1:
- 2q VT
n (t) = no e T10 TI.
(2.14)
2
q 1. 55
tan) 2.1V (2.15)
le
3TOT me 3aIOII noaygeli HeCKOJIbiO H11MM HyTOM (I)epCTepoM [19] 1. 3a-
BIICHMOCTb HHTeHCHBHOCTH JIIOMHHecr eHI nut MOJIeLyJI M1 OT KOHrreHTpaIw11
N MOJIelyJI M2 II OT napaMeTpOB nepeHoca HeHOCpe;ACTBeHHO IIOJIytgaeTCH
II IITerpHPOBaHHeM (2.14). 0TIIOCHTeJIbHbII3 BbIXO;A JIIOMHHeCqeHAVIII:
u 0 q V
B0 = 00 t = e-X 2 I x dx = 1_ 2geq= e- 2 dx
nee dt 0 q
0
;:z-, 1 - V-7tq + 2g2 + ... (2.16)
CpejjHee BpeMH B036y)KJJeHHoro COCTOH'IHH MOJIOKyJI 11'71 onpej eJIHeTCH BbI-
pa;KenneM
00 00
to (t) dt x e-"-2q Yx dx
0
T1 =
00 - T10 00
S n (t) dt) e-x-2q Yx dx
0 0
1 13LIBOjj 3aHOHa 3aTyxaHHII (2.14) OCUapHBaJon CBeHIIIHHOBI,IM [26[. QJ'jHaio, HaK
6hIJ10 noHa3aHo AHTOHOBLIM-POMaHOBCHIIM H aBTOpOM [27], HpIITHKa CBeIUHHHOBa HEUpa-
BHJIbHa. P03MaH [28] TaHHie IIOATBCp;tuJl npaBHJIbHOCTb BUBoga (2.14), noJIy'IHB 3TO Me
BblpaaaeHHe JjpyrHM McTOJ[oM.
00 1 _ t -q t
nee To To dt
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
00
1 - 2gege a-x2 dx
0
3aBHCHMOCTb B / B? H 't /,r0 OT q rlpeYCTaBaexa Ha puC. 2.
TaiHM o6pa3OM BbIXOA H 'C H3MeHHIOTCH B Haffe r cnyr ae iponop-
r1HoHaJIbHO Apy APY y? 3aKOH Y
8/90 HHH (2.14) npeRCTaBJIeH Ha pm e. 3 in
L 3HatIeHH$I q = 0,5. MoxcHo 3aMeTHTb,
'ITO BTOT 3aKOH MOMeT 6bITb AOBOJIbHO
Go
1+82- -(3-f-2g2)geq'~ e --'dx
? =210(1- 2"q-f ... ). (2.17)
npOBOAHJIacb (2aKTH4ieCKH B paOOTaX
aBTOpa 121, 29], rAe BBOAHJIOCb npeA-
03 cTaBJIeHHe o crepe gel3CTBHH H 6e3
.CClepbl AeI4CTBHH, 3aBHCHMOCTH BbIXOAa H 'C OT Korn enTpaAnn HOZjiIHHHIOTCH
pa3JIIPlHblM 3aROHaM. Ko3TOMy 3apaHee BBO UITb MrxoBexHoe TyllieHl4e HeT
Heo6XOAHMOCT11, H CpaBHeHHe C 3KCxepHMenTaJlbxblMH JjaHHbIMI1 JIOJISKHO
HolaaaTb, HacnoJlbno xopomO corJlacyeTCH TeopHH C OIIbITOM.
06o3Ha'Iaa, Kan H B ? 2, BbIXOJ7 JIIoMI4xeCgeHAHH MojlexyJI, He HCHbITaB-
HIHX HepeHoca, liepe3 B H BbIXOJ; HpH HyJIeBOII uornmWHTpaIIHn Tlepea Bo, no-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PE3OHAHCHbII$ HEPEHOC 3HEPPHH B JIIOMHHECIAHPBIOIIAHX PACTBOPAX 17
IyiIHM AJIH CTeneHII IIOJIHpH3alAIJII Ha OCHOBaHHH (3.2):
_ 13p 00
P - lo B,-I3 (1-p) Polo =Po(1-2geq' e-.`"di)
Po (1
i e Ilepioe HpH6JLIIHcCHHOC paBeICTBO
(1 -p) z = Yz k~ k? (1 -- p). (3.6)
BbIxo JnoMHIIecIAcHgmi HOCJIe HepeHOca P JjOJI?ECH paccMaTpnBaTbCH H
3J e('b KaR 3MHHpH9ecHaq HOHCTaHTa. OAHa14o HMeeTCH BO3MOHiHOCTb yiia-
:3aTb ero BCpXHIOIO rpaHHIAy. ~CYICTBHTeJIbHO, OCTeCTBOHHO o?iu jjaTb, TITO
IIaJAOHHC BbIXOJ a HpH aHTHCTOICCOBOM B036y?KAeHHH JjOJI?I 1LO HpOHCxOAHTb
HC TOJIbRO HpH B036y?ICAemm BHeIHHHM H3JIyIeHHeM, HO H HpH HepeHOcax,
HOCICOJIbHy HCpOXoAbI HpOHCXOAHT B 06014X CJIyIJaHX MOM AY TCMH we caMblMH
(OCTOBHHHMIT. 1109TOMy B CJIyliae, I or a HOT Apyrrx HpHtIHH TyH1eHI131, IIpH
IlepeHOCe MO?EHO OH F1J[aTb, TITO
(w)a(w)F(w)do)
Cc (w)F(w)dw
rj(e, (W) - BI,IXOA TIIOAIIjIIeCjAeHIA1111 B 3aBHCIIMOCTIi OT BO36y?EAaloBAeii'IaCTOTbI.
? 4. McTOAHHa 113MepeHIIIZ
11pi1 3ECHeplMeHTaJIbHO11I 113y'eHHH BJIHHHHH EoHIAeHTpaIAHH paCTBOpOB
Ha JHOMHHeCIAeHIAII10 B ocO6eHHOCTII Heo6xo IIMo HCI JIIOTIaTb IIJIH y'HTbIBaTb
BJIIIHHHe pea6cop61AHH li BTOprI'Horo H3JIyTIeHHH [1111. Pea6cop61AHH Mo?ICHo 113-
6e?EaTb, HpHMeHHH AOCTaTOTIHO TOHIHIe cJIOH. McTOA ytIeTa BJIIIHHIIH BTOpI19H0ro
H3JIy'IeHIIH Ha AenoJJHp113aIAHlo JnoMHHec1AeHIAHH AaH BaBHJIOBbIM [321. AHaJio-
rlLIHO MO?RHO yileCTb IiJIH H36e?EaTb pea6cop64HH HpH 113MepeHHHX OTHOCII-
Te.IbHOrO BbIXOAa 11 JAJIIITCJIbHOCTH (JJlyopecgeHIAHH. Heo6xo IIMo OTMeTHTb, TITO
AO CHX HOp HOTITII BCe I13MepeHH51 3aBHCHMOCTH AJIHTeJIbHOCTII (JlyopecL ern tIH
paCTBOpOB OT HOHJ eHTpalAHII HpOBOAHJIHCb B TOJICTEIX CJIOHX. BHepBble B [ 19
6bIJIo OTMegeI3o, TJTO AJIHTeJlbxocTb OJlyopeCIAeHg14H paCTBOpoB (~Jlyopecgeiiia
I TeopHH BTIHBBBR BT0pII9110ro mMy'IeBIIH Ha r xe)I;asiio paCCMOTpCIia 60JIee TOTIIIO,
'ICM B [111, ArpaHOBIIIeM [311.
2 Tpyj(bi @II3HVecooro HHCTHTyTa, TOM XII
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
3HalIHTejIbHO yBeJIHIIHBaeTCS 06HO oA p B6c114, op6uH1B1 BTOp11'IHOMy 113Jiytie-
H11i0. 3TOT 3d4eKT 6bIJI HoAp yeH
Him e KpaTKO ounCbIBaIOTCH oco6eHHOCTH McTOAHKII 1,13MepeHHiI, IIpHMe-
HHBIIIeIHCH B HacTOHH[e1I pa60Te.
HoJIflp113aIIHH JH0MIIHecueuuuI3. IIOJIHpn3aIUIJI JIIO3ffiHeCIIeHIAH11 143Mepa-
Jlacb II3BeCTHbIM BH3yaJlbxbnM McTOAOM IIpH IIOMOD]H HJIacTHHKH CaBapa it
HOAIIIeHCHpy1OlileIl CTCKJIFIIIHOII CTOIILI. Bo36y5KAaiorgiili CBeT (pTyTHax JiaDlrla
Co cBeTO4)11JIbTpaMH, Bb1AeJIHIOuu1M11 JIHHHIO 436 HJIH 546 m?), HoJI31pH3o-
Ba.icn rpu IIOMOmil roJInpu3ar uOHHOII 11pu3MbI. Aim IICKJIIogieHHII BJnh5HI15I
BTOpritIHOII i)JlyOpeCIJeHT- IIH n3MepeHIIH npOH3BOAHJIHCb C TOHKHMB MHORAIII,
KOTOphle iIOJIyhIaJIHCb IIyTeM 3a5KHMaHHFI KauJIH paCTBOpa MeaKAy A y
JIaMH. IIorjimAeHne B036y?KAaIoMero CBeTa B 3TIIX CJIOHX COCTaBJIFIJ1o 5-100,,o.
HpH 6oJlbinliX KOHAeHTpar II11x, KorAa noJIytIIITb Tame CJIOH 6bIJIo TpyAIIO,
BBOAHJIHCb nonpaBKII HO McTOAy BaBHJIOBa 1321.
OTHOCHTe3bnbI13 BbIXOA? OTHOCHTeJIbHbIIi BbIXOA OD.peAeJISIJICII no HpioCTil
JIioMnHeCANIAIIII TOHKIIX CJIOeB, H3MepeHHOH B AJIIIHHOBOJIHOBOH traCTII CIIeKTpa
JHOMHHeCA011 nh1. OAHOBpeMeHHO IIpH IIOMOIAll (OT03JIeMeHTa H3MepHJIOCb
uorJIoU1eHHe B036y?KAaloillero CBeTa B CJIOe. CJion 6bIJIn Ta}OH TOJII1IHHbI, MTO
norJIOIIIeHHe Bo36y?KAa1oII1erO CBeTa cocTaBJI5JIO 10-20%.
CITeKTpbI HorJIOIuer1 11 JuoMHHecueHun11. CIIeKTpii norJIOIIIeHHH H3Mepx-
JI1ICb B BHAHMOIS o6JIaCTH CIIeKTpa Ha perHCTpnpyioneM creKTpOIioToMeTpe.
CHeKTpbi JIIOMIIHeCAeHAHH IIo3lyiiaJrHCb Ha cneKTp0I10TOMeTpHT1eCK0I1 ycTa-
HOBKe, COCTOIIme1 113 MonoxpoMaTopa YM-2 n 4 oTOynIHO1KIITeJIFi (CAI. BBeJIe-
Hne). 1-ITO6b1 IIOJIy'IHTb CneiTp, He HCKa9KeHHb1H pea5cop6uHeH, H3MepeiIllu
IIpOH3BOAHJIUCb AJIJ1 TOHKOPO c1IOH paCTBOpa He6OJIbIHOII KOHgeHTpa11;IIH.
B 113yiIaBmi XCH 1lpeAeJiax Konr eHTpaiIWn. f lopNla CIIeKTpOB uorJrolueHHII II
JIIOMnHeclueHgHn pacTBOpOB He H3MeHAeTC9 C KOHACHTpa111IeI3.
aa. aBHCHMOCTb BbIXOAa OT AJIHHbI BOJIHbI Bo3r6y I L aloIJTKe B
nepsOM Hpn6JIII?Kennn no q. Pa3Jio?KIIB (2.14) B px,A 110 CTeIIeHAM q H orpa-
HngIIBBIIICb JIIIHelHbIM LIJIeHOM, 1OJIyYIIM AAR BbILIIICJIOHHf3 T(pa cJIeAyIOII;ee
B bipaxteHIIe :
00
(1 - 2q Vx) e-x sin ax dx
0
00
(1 - 2q V a?) e x cos ax d.c
0
BbH'IHCJIeHHe RaeT cJIeRyiomylo nonpaBKy K (3.5):
T(pI=T011- 2"(1-p)q.p(a)I, (4.4)
~P (a) = a V1 { a2 (Y(1 { a2)'/2 3a2 - 1 -
- a y(1 + a2)"- - 3a2 + 1).
B cJly'Iaflx, paCCMOTpennbIX B 3TOII rJlaBe, a ,z 0,5, 'ITO AaeT AAR (P(a)
OKOJIO 1,11.
? 5. Pe3yJIbTaTbl H3MepeHHli H CpaBHeHHe C Teopweii
113MepeHHfl KOHueHTpaI;nOHHbIX 3( dJeKTOB HpOH3BOJ{11JIHCb AAR rJlnuepH-
HOBbIX paCTBOpOB Tpex ()Jlyopecu pyloH;nx KpadHTeJIeII: I Jlyopeci;eHHa
(u eJIowibII3 paCTBOp), pojamKHa 5 G H aKpnp;uHa opaH?KeBoro2.
Ha pnc. 6 npHBeAeHbl KplBbie aaBHCHMOCTH OTHOCHTeJIbHbIX 3Ha'eHHl3
CTeneHH HOJIfIpII3agHH P H AJIHTeJIbHOCTH (Jlyopec1 eHJ IIH T, a TaK?Ke OT-
HocHTeJlbnoro BbIxo a 'r'] OT KOHT1CHTpaI;HH paCTBOpOB. 06Hl1II BIIA KpIIBbiX
Ka'eCTBeHHO COOTBeTCTByeT Bbipa?KeHH5IM (2.16) H (2.17) (CM. pllc. 2). ,JIII
KOJIHIeCTBeHHOro cpaBHeHHH C Teopliel HpaBIIJlbHee BOCHOJIb3OBaTbCfl 3KCHe-
1 B [24] 14 B nepBona'aJIbHOM TexcTe AHCCepTaul1n Bblpa?IHelnle gaff y(a) 6TAilo Henpa-
BBJIbHbIM, ABTOP nOJlb3yeTCB cJlyYaeM BbIpa3HTI, 6JraroJapIIOCTb 13. 14. IIIHpOKOBy, yxa-
aaBIIIeMy Ha BTy OIIn6Ky.
2 II3BeCTHO, tITO B HeHOTOphIX paCTBOpIITeJInX CHeKTpbl aKpnjinSIIa opaloH, 6 10 ~g Monefiy~/cM
t/ra, B/Bo , p/po
I
r/ro, B/Bo , P/.%
I
0,5
c 10;~a/M/~
L
2 0
O / ~ Z 3
~8 ? /O 18,w O/IPH!//)/cM a /, B ? 10 19 Moneky.~/cNa
6 9
PBC. 6. 3aBECHMOCTI, -T /,r0, B / Bo P / Po OT HOHIjeHTp8Iji7H
:IJISI pICTBOpOB B rJIHI(epHBO
a - tpnyopecgeuHa; 6 - poj[aMnHa 5G; 6 - axpnRnHa opannrenoro
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
p1IMZeHTaJIbxbIMH gaHHb&MH jjJIH MaJIbIx KoHUeHTpaAu i, TaH KaK IIpH 6OJiee
31fa'IIITeabHbIX KOHIjeHTpauuHHX MOPYT B03HIIKHYTb OCJIO?KHeHIIH, He yiIHTbI-
BaeMbie TeopIIeII. B Ta6JI. 2 IIpHBejjeHbi OIIpejjeJleHHble no HaTIaJIbHOMy HaK-
TIOHy IcpFBbIX K03()I()I$uilelTbi, COOTBeTCTByIoTI1Ie 3MHHpII1IeCFIIM I{OHCTaHTaM
(3.6) ieHOMOHOJIorliu ecKOH TeOpHi3, H BeJIIITIIIHIA, BMMICJIeHHble HO TeOpHH
riepeHoca. Be.IHrHHa To/Te UpIIHHMaJIacb jjJIH c JIyopeCI eI1Ha paBHOH ejjHHHlje,
a is poAaMHHa n aRpHAHHa opaHMeBOro IIOpsjjKa 0,5 B COOTBeTCTBHH C HX
BMX0j[OM JIIOMHHecL eHAHH, T. e. IIpejjIIOJlaraJIOCb, WO BbIXOA, MexbHIHH eAII-
HIIgbi HPH C --->0, o6yCJIOBJIeH IcalHM-To TymeHHeM BTOporo pojja.
Tab 1ua 2
?10?.
T
T?
>
- ~~
Tp
k2
Mien.
T.
k2
Teop.
TO
k
axcn.
To
k,+Q
axcn.
T"
k,
1-a
T?
k,+H
Ro
BcMecTBO
?
ceI.
T
e
,.
m
M.10
Monexyn \ 1
20
Ta
k
T?
k,
A
(
X10
,
(D,,iyopec-
eHH
2
4
1
0
509
3,3
59
48
4,0
8,8
0,15
0,08
2,2
43
u
PoAaMHH
,
3,0
,
0,5
544
4,0
54
42
5,0
10,0
0,18
0,06
2,0
42
AxpHAHH
opaHlKe-
BbDI
8
3
5
0
514
1,7
25
25
6,1
18,0
0,72
0,16
2,9
35
,
,
COIIOCTaBJIeHIIe 3KCHepnMeHTaJIbHbIX H BbIgfCJIOHHbIX BeJIIIiIHH II03BOJIHOT
c,jeJlaTb c iej[yiowHe 3aHJIIO*IeHHH.
1. BbigrcjieHHbie IIO TeOpIIII HepeHOca BepOBTHOCTii ('CO / k2)Teop YAoBJIe-
Ti1opIITeJIbHO coraaCyiOTCSI C olpeAeJieHHbIMII 143 AeroJIApil3aijng JIIOMHHec-
IjeHijIIII ((TO /k2)MfSe0 )
2. 3KCIIepIiMOHTaJIbHO IIOATBepIKAaeTCFI COOTHomeHIIe Mexcjjy 3aBIICIIMO-
C.TBMII OTIIOCHTeJIbHoro BbiXO);a H T OT HoHneHTpaIWH (yj[BOeHHbIH HaKJIOH
KpF[BOf Bbixo a no CpaBHeHHIO C Kp14BO14 T), KOTOPOe CJiejjyeT H3 Te0PII14 AJIH
. OTHOHICiille X /a HopaAKa 20 HJ111 6oJIbIIIe. TaKHM o6pa3Oll,
ecJrH 6u H3JiyTieHHe ypanliJIa COOTBeTCTBOBaoio I{BajpylOJIIO IHJIH MarHHT-
HOMy AIIHOJIIO, TO MO?HHO 6bIJIO 6bI o iciij[aTb cyH1,eCTBeHHO i,pyrHX pe3yJlbTa-
TOB.
B C1331311 C 113MepeHIIHMII T paCTBOPOB ypaHiuJla Bo3HHKaeT BOIIpOC o6
IICTOJIKOBaHHH pe3yJIbTaTOB Hpil HpHMeueHHH 3TOH McTOJAHKH K He3KCHOHeH-
quaJIbHOMy 3aJOHy 3aTyXaHHH (2.14). Hy?KHO OTMOTHTL, TITO Ha OIIhITe OTCTyII-
110111iSI OT 3KCHOHeHTbI He Ha6JI10JjaJIHCb. Bo3lonn-lo, TITO CHIT Macl{HpoBaimcf.
IlMeBBIeIlCH B 3aMop0?He1lHbIX pacTBopaX He6oJIbIIIOH (JIyopeci ein iidu (OCO-
6eHHO B CJIy'iae xpII3OHgiIHa). OAHaKO, I{po e Toro, cJICJ1;yeT HMeTb B BHJjy,
TITO 3aKOH 3aTyXaHHH HOCJie cTaIHIOHapHOro B036yul emHH, KOTOPOC OCTH-
raeTCH HpH Bo36y1KJjWIIHH H-HMHVJIbcaMH Iia TayMeTpe, AoJI?KeH OTJIHTIaTbCH
OT (2.14), COOTBeTCTByIOIIIero MrHOBeHHOMy B036ync eHHIO. LITO6M HalTi
3aKOH 3aTyxaHHH 1(t) Home BLIKJIio'eHHH HOCTOHHHOPO Bo36ync eHHH, Hy}KHO,.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PE3OHAHCHbI11 HEPEHOC 3HEPPHH B JIIOMHHECLjHPYIO1IjHX PACTBOPAX 31
OLIeBIr HO, HpOHHTerpHpOBaTb (2.14) HO BCeM HpeI;bigyl[HM 11MOH1eHTan[ B036ya -
;AeHIHI 19', T. e.
co
_ t+9 t+8
I (t) = const e T? - 2q T? d1. (7.1)
0
NOHCTaHTa oiipeRe;IHCTCH 113 yCJIOBHJI 1(0) = Io. 14HTer
pllpya, H0.'Iyg1IM
\
J
t 2 7/ t ~I )]
e To _ nqeO [1 _ 0 ( t `/
q
1 - 79eq" [1 -,D (q)]
1
(x) = 2_ e-')'dy.
Y,. o
os
a
(7.2`
PHC. 12, a-3a1 oHbi 3aTyxaalB (7.2) (HprBaH 1) x (2.14) (xprBaH 2);
6-3axon 3aTyxaHBH (7.2) B iia-IyJiorapHC MHgecEHx xoop;jHHaTax (TOrIi{I)
3aI{oH 3aTyxaHHnn (7.2) IjOBOJIbHO CHJIbHO OT.THLIaeTC51 OT 3aEoHa 3aTyXa-
IIIIH Joe-t/-ru-2q V t/ T? (2.14) HpH MPHOBeHHOlI B036y?IcJ eHHH. 3an0H
(7.2) 6JiH?He H 3HCHOHeHTe. Ha plc. 12, a HpH ueJjeHbl 3aHOHb1 3aTyxainui
(2.14) H (7.2). B no;lyJlorapn MHnecnoM MacHITa6e (pHc. 12, 6) HpiBaH (7.2)
61IIi3Ha H HpcMOii, H3o6pa?ICaioji eI 3HCHOHeHTy e-t!-, rue 'L COOTBeTCTByeT cpe -
HeMy T 3axoHa (2.14), T. e. ollpe;AeJIHeTCH no (2.17). Tanue He6oJlbmfe OT-
cTy H.1eHHH or 3HCHOHeHTbl He Morim 6bITb 3aMeileHbi Hpii H011ioii ii TayMeTpa.
I'JIABA IV
CE11CIIBHJI1I3OBAHHAH .JIIOMI4HECUEHUHH B PACTBOPAX
8. IIpIMeiieHHe TeopilH pesoHanclloro Hepeiioca
OTnpblTile COIICIIOOIIJI13OBaHHOH I JIyOpecJJ;eHI[HiI B Hapax 6b1Jio O, HIIM H3
Ha116ojiee y6egHTeJIbH1bIX HOATBep E eHHI3 HepegaYH 3JIeHTpOHHOI1 3lIeprI ii
B036y?HjjeHHH HpH coyJjapeHHHX. Rau H3BeCT11O, IIpi Ha6JiioReH11H CeMn611 II1-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
32 M. A. r AJIAHIIIT
3OBaHHOII 4JJlyopecueHu1111, HanpHMep napOB TaiTJIHFI napaMll pTyTH (Rapio,
1922 r., cm. [81), B036y?KAeHHe HpOH3BO;iITTCH pe30HaHCHOH JInHHen pTyTH,
ROTOpa5 He norJIomaeTCH TaiiinteM. I103TOMy a6cop6wIH, a Tai e pea6cop6uuB
pe3oiaHCnoro n3JIyqeHHH pTyTn TaJIJIHeM ncHJIIO'IaIOTCH, it ero JIIOMnnecgeH-
UHTi OAHO3Ha1qHO Mo?KeT 6bITb OTHecena K BJIHHHHTO nepeAa'rn 3HeprHH HpH
coyAapeHHHX. B CJIyiIae IHHpOKHX cneKTpOB, KaK y?Ke OTMegaJEOCb, HepeHOC
3HeprIIH Ha 6JIH3KTIx paCCTOHHII}X B pe3yJIbTaTe KHHAyKTHBHOrO> B3aHMOAe1i-
CTBHH BCerAa HeJi36e?KHO cB3I3aH C BO3MO?KHOCTbIO pea6Cop6uH4, TaK HaK H He-
peiioc it pea6cop6wHH o6ycJIOBJIeHbl OAHIIM H TeM ?KO HaJio?IfexneM cnewTpoB.
Pa3AeJIeHHe 3THX AByx 344JeKTOB B Ka?KAOM CJIr ae Tpe6yeT cueIHaJlbHOrO
anaJI113a. BCJIeACTBHe 3TOro OHbITEI HO ceHC116HJIH3OBaHHO 1 JI1OMHHecueHAHH
B paCTBOpax 110 HMeIOT Taxoro HageCTBeHHOro CBoeo6pa3H3q it y6eAHTeJIbHOCTH,
KaK B Hapax, HO TeM He McKee, KaK 6yJ[eT CJIejoBaTb 113 AaTIbHeHInerO, CorJTa-
CyIOTCH c o61ulMil HpeACTaBJIeHHHMH 0 pe30HaHCHOM nepeHOCe 1.
CeHCH6HJIil3OBaHHyIO JIIOMHHeCueHuilo Mo?KHO o?KHAaTb B TOM CJlyilae, KorAa
MOJIeKyabI Mi H M2 (CM. rii. I) pa3Horo CopTa, Ho 11 Ta it ApyraH clloco6Hbi
JITOMHHeCIHpOBaTb. BcJIH B036y?KAaioMnA CBeT norJIoiUaeTClI TOJIIRO MoJIeHy-
,IIaMH MI, TO HepeHOC 3HeprHH AOJI?HeH HpHBOAHTb K TOMY, TO 6yAyT JIIOMH-
HOCUHpOBaTb TaK?Ke MOJIeKyJIbI M2. B 6oJIbmHHCTBe CJIytiaeB CTOKCOBO cMetue-
HTIe AOCTaTOLIHO BeJIHKO AJIH Toro, 1qTO6bI CMeCTHTb CHeKTp JIIOMHHeCI[eHI;HH
M., HaCTOJIbRO, ilTO o6paTHbIl HepeHOC M2 -> M1 He HpOHCXOAHT. K c0?Haiie-
H1110, B CJIyLIae ll IpOKHx CHeKTpoB TpyAHO IIoAo6paTb TaKOIT B036y?KAamOI.gnR
cBeT, KOTOpbIH HorJIOHgaJICTT 6bI TOJIbKO B Mt. TO 06CTOHTeJIbCTBO, HapaAy
c pea6cop6uIeiI, 3aTpyAHHeT HHTepnperaAHlo OHbITOB.
11peAHOJIOHCHM CHaiiaJIa, TTTO pea6Cop64HH OTCyTCTByeT, it paCCMOTpIlM
KUHeTHKy ceHcu611J1H3OBaHHof JIioMIIHecqeHWHH, o6ycJIOBJIeHHOII HepenocOM.
OLIeBHAHO, 'ITO BCe, 'ITO OTHOCHTCH K BepOHTHOCTH IIepeHoca, HOJIHOCTbIO
cnpaBejJTHBO B 3TOM CJIy'ae, HO KHHeTHKa CeHCH6HJIH3OBaHHOTI JIIoMHHeCneH-
qH11 AoJI?HHa o6JIaAaTb HeICOTOpbIMH OCO6eHHOCTHMH, KOTOpble 6bIJIIt paCCMOT-
pexbl B pa6OTe aBTOpa [291. 3Aecb IIp11BOAHTCH HeCKOJTbIO yTO1THeHHblii BbIBOA.
06o3HaTIHM 'Iepe3 n1 H n2--'IHCJIO Bo36ywAeHHblx MOJIeKyJI M1 H M2:
T10 11 Teo - IIx CpeAHHe BpeMena ?KH3H11 B OTCyTCTBHe Hepenoca; El H E2 -
iIHCJIa KBaHTOB Bo36y?KAaiol1ero CBeTa, IIOrJIOIUaeMOro Mi H M2. TorAa
\TO?KHO HaHHCaTb CJIeAyiomHe KIIHeT1Iilecxlle ypaBHeHITH:
(1dti + io 4 w) nI = EI, (8.1)
da -~- Cti1 n2 = E2 + pwn1,
rAe w-BepoKTIIOCTb nepeHOca (w= N (r, t) W (r) dv), a 4 aKTOp p xapaKTepH-
0
3yCT , cTawJoHapxoe.
HJIH CHHycOHJjaJIbHOe). IIMeB B BHJjy cpaBHeHHe c pe3yJIbTaMH (ayOpOMeT-
pianec nx H3MepeITHIT, MOHCHO BbI1THCJIHTb 4JJyOpOMeTpH1TeCKOe T a JjJIA JIIOMH-
Hecr eHrjHH M2. OrpaHHLIIIMCFI CJIy1TaeM HepeMelIIHBaHHFI. Aim Bb11TnCJIeHHR
MOHiHO IIOJIOH{HTb B (8.8) EI, 2 = E1, 2 eitat, rJje w - i nKJIn1IeCKaH 1TaCTOTa
MOJjyJIHIjHH, H HaITTH CJjBHT (a3bl p = arctg (wt(j) McHijjy E H n2 (t). TorJ;a
noJIy4HM:
(w + wl) t 1 + 1 1 + [El (1 -1) + E2] (?12 + 2) I E1/
/ Ti T20/
T20 (w + wI) I 1 - w2T20) + [E' 1 (1-/) + E2] (12 + 102) I E1/ '
T1 Tl
1 1 -
--w.
TI Tio -1-
(8.9)
? 9. e3KcnepnMeHTaabib1e pe3yJIbTaTbI
)aHHbIX O ceHCH6HJIH3OBaHHOH JIIOMHHecueHWIH B paCTBOpax HeMHOro.
KpoMe cTapol3 pa60Tbl IIeppeHa II IIIyKpyH [411, HMeIOTCFI 6oJlee H0Bble pa-
60TbI [421. TeM He Menee IIpHHrcreiM [81 oTMenaeT, PTO (C..3HCnepUMeHTaJIb-
H1de Jjoxa3aTeJIbCTBa CyujeCTBOBaHIIST BHeIIIHe CeHCH6IIJIII3OBaHHOH I)JIyopec-
IjeHIjHH B KHJjKHX pacTBopax JjOB0JIbH0 Hey6eAI4TeJIbHbI)) 1. AJIHTeJIbHOCTb
CeHCII6IIJIII3OBaHHOH JIIOMHHeCIIeHgHH
z?1O9ce* Boo6Hje He H3MepnJlacb Jjo pa60Tb1 [29].
6 F 1 IIo3Jjnee ony6JIHK0nanbl allaJlorii nHbIO
H3MepeHIIn [441, Ho 6e3 KaxoH-JIH6o
IOTCJI pe3yJl1bTaTbi, IIOJIy'IeHHble B [29].
,71 3((f eKT yBe.IH'IeHHJI T2 IIpH B03-
61
c.103Z2 6yHCJ{eHHH, IIOrJIOHjaeMOM IIpeHMyMeCT-
>,7,f? 117 ~BMOOehy/~/cM9 BeHH0 Ml, XOTH H He o'Ienb BeJIHH,
PHC. 14. 3aBHCI3MOCTb r 6eH30~JIaBHHa B JjOCTaTO1IeH,'ITO6bI O6HapyH(IITb ero HpH
CMeHIaHHOM pacTBOpe 6eH3o#aBIIHa c IIOMOIIjII (JlyopoMeTpa. Ha pic. 14 B
allTpaixenoM OT HOHITeHTpauHH Ka1IeCTBe IIpIiMepa npHBeJjeHa 3aBHCII-
1 - Bo36yagIemie 365 m?; 2-Boa6yacAerlle 436m? MOCTb T OT ICOHIIeHTpagnH JjJIH paCTBO-
pa allTpageHa II 6ex3oC)JIaBHHa B 3THJIO-
BOM CIIHpTe. 113MeHeHHe HOJIJ CHTpaAHH JjocTHraITocb, Iial H npH 113MepeHHHx
TyinexliI, pa3BeJjeaneM HCXOJjHOrO pacTBOpa'IHCTLIM paCTBOpHTeJIeM. KpHBaH 1
HoJIy1IeIIa IIpH B036y? eHHH pTYTHOH JIaMIIOH CBA llepe3 CBeTO(iHJIbTp
UG-1 (365 m?), a xpnBafl 2 - 1Iepe3 CBeTO(HJIbTp, BbIJ1,eJIHBIIIHH JIHHHI0
436 m?. IIocJIeJjHnH IIOrJIOHjaeTCH TOJIbISO 6eH3o()1IaBHHOM. Ha6Jno enne
B o6onx CJIy1IanX BeJIOCb llepe3 CBeTO(JIHJIbTp, BbIACJIJTBRIIIH CBe'Ienne 6eH3o-
()JIaBIIHa. KaJ BHJjHO 1,13 3THx JjaHHbIX, JjJInTeJILHOCTb CBe1IeHHH 6eJT3o~JIaBHHa,
Bo36y 11 aeMoro B o6JIaCTH, rJje norJloIIjaeT allTpaAei, o1a3bIBaeTCH 3aMeTHo
6oJIbnie, 1IeM IIpH BO36y1CJjeHHII B Co6CTBeIHOH HOJIOCe 6ex3o4)JIaBHHa.
Ha HpnMepe allTpageHa c aHPITJjHHOBbIM opaHi1( Bb1M 6bIJIa HpOBepena
B3aHMHa}I CBH3b McH(Jjy yMeHbTHCHIIeM Ti, BO3paCTaHHeM T2 II II3MeHeHHeM
OTHOCIlTeJIbHOro BbIXOJja HpH 143MeHeHHH xoHljeHTparjHlI pacTBOpa. IIpH 3TODI
113 OTHOmeHIIH TI/T10 BbI1IHCJIJIJIOCb w, a 3aTeM o1jeHHBa1IOCb, HaKHX T2 11
B2/B20 M0HCHO HpH 3TOM o icii aTb. B Ta6JI. 5 11 Ha pnC. 15, 16 H 17 IIpH-
BeJjeIlbl 3KCIIepUMeHTaJIbHLIe Amble.
I B [43] cyHjeCTBOnaHHe cexen61TJIH3onaxnoYI JIIOMHH('CIkcuIjIITI B pacTBOpBX noHa-
aaHo Ha oCTTOBe ' )oroMeTp1`IeCKITX H3Mepexllll.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PE30HAHCHLIII HEPEHOC 3HEPPHH B JIIOMHHECLjnPYIOm1IX PACTBOPAX 35
Ta6JinRa 5
3xcnepnMeHTaabHble j[ammie on nHTepnpeTal[nn
cencn6nnnaagnn al;pIABHoBoro opaua6eBoro
allTpailenom *
? HHAeHC I OTHOCHTCR H aHTpaIZeHy, HHAeH6 2 - H aH-
pHABHOBOMy opaHmeBoMy.
B Ta6JI. 5 r2- a6COJIIOTHbII3 aHepreTHweHBf BLIXOJ); J0IOMHHeCIIeHI(HH allpn-
AHHOBOro opaHHfeBoro, oAexeHHbII3 HyTeM cpaBHeHHJI C paCTBOpOM (JIyopeC-
reHHa.
Ha puc. 15 Jana 3aBHCHMOCTb Tl / TIO OT
xoHtzeHTpaiHH M2. Ha pi4c. 16 H 17 xpnBbre
BblgHCJleHbl Ha OCHOBaHHH 3HaLIeHIII3 W, BO-
JlygenHbJx no gaHHbIM prC. 15. HpH 3TOM
HpiBaa 1 Ha pnc. 16 COOTBeTCTByeT npeA-
HOJI05KeHHt0, TO wI = 0, a xpIBaH 2, qTo
w1 = w1Ma, c, T. 0. wI TI0 ='2? HpH BbItIHC- 05 l
1eHHHx npemnoaarajlocb, qTO ocyu ecTBJIH- ' C f
eTCn c.lygal3 nepeMeIHHBaHrfn H qTO f = 1,
Tax HaH B CHHpTOBbIX pacTBopax, xax mom-
Ho o3EI1j;aTb H3 pe3yJtbTaTOB rJI. III, IfpnBble
c, - IZ7 el"
0S I
F >0 -Bce,4 -'
Bbtxoga H T AOBOJIbHo 6JIH3If1, T. e. cciepa PHC. 15. 3aBHCHMOCTb T aHTpax ena
OT xorI[eUTpaI[HH axpHAHHOBorO
opanxcenoro; na HnxtHOII Inxa1le
npnneAenbt cooTBeTCTByoomHe_ aHa-
;6mm w
r. ? 10,Y eel(
5r
2' '
0 /0
c ? /04 e/,s,
V-10 '8Mawehyn/cM 3
PBc. 16. 3aBHCnMOCTb T aHpn;jnrOBOI'O
opaHMeaoro OT UGHIIeHTpaI[nn npn ceHCn-
6nJIH3aIlnn allTpaUkeHOM
o - Bo36y1HAenne 365m?; e - B036yHCAeHne
436,m?; npilBaR I Bb1encae1Ia B npeAnonome-
HHn, 'TO peaacop61IIIa OTCyTCTByeT; npIIBan
2 - pea6cop61lnn MaHCnManbna; nyHHTnpnan
HPHBaR Bbtyncaena B npegnonox;enlln, 'no pea-
6cop6Ana MaBCnManbHa, Ho BbJxo3 nepenoca p
paneH Hynno
If /0
c?/0
PHC. 17. 3aBnCIIMOCTb oTHOCHTe)IhEOro
BbIXoga B2/B20 JIIOMHHecIIeHI[nH axpHJ(H-
HonorO opaHHteBOrO OT KOHIIefTpaiIH npH
ceHC116HJIH3ar nil aHTpaIIeHOM
cnnOHIHaR BpnBan BbI9nCneHa B npe3InOJIOmeHrn,
'TO p = 1; nynITnpHaR - B npeanoJlonIeHnn,
MTO p=0;
0 - oncnepBMeHTanbHble T09HB
Re1CTBHH 0 CpaBHHTeJIbHO MaJIa. Eau BHAHO H3 COHOCTaBJIeHJTB HprBLlx
H Togelo, BejingHHa 944eETa npeBbHneHna T2 Hag T20 COrJIacyeTCA CO 3Haqe-
2
4
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IIIIAMII w, IIO.iyLICIIHbIMH H3 yMeHbHIeIIHB Ti HO CPaBHeHHIO C TIO. OJ[HaEo
3TOT 3 I )eRT 1{atIeCTB01IHO cor.lacoBa.1CB 6b& H C HpeJj1OJTOBCeHHeM p = 0;
wi = wlmaI c (HyH1TIIpHasi xpHBaB) 1. Ho Iipoie Ma3Toii TeopeTHTlecxoIl Bepo-
BTHOCTH 3TOro HpeJj1OJIOaceIIHB 2, 113MOpCHHB B2 JIyLIIHe corJIacy1OTCB C HpeJj-
110310H 011HCM P = 1, 'IeM C P = 0, 3TO BHJ[H0 Ha pHC. 17.
Ta1CIIM O6pa3OM, pe3yJIbTaTbl H3MepOH14H t1, T2 H B2 COrJIaeyiOTCB M0?ICJjy
co6oH. A6COJIloTIIan BejIHgIIHa BCPOBTHOCTH IIepeHoca TaIS?ISe HC HPOTHBOPC-
LIHT TeOpHII. Ha pHC. 18 JjaiTbI CHOICTPbI PaCTBOPOB OTJj0JIbHbIX 1{OMHOHOHT
11CCJIe;ZoBaII1{0 H CMOCII. 113 CHeICTpOB Ho iygaeTCB a = 2,8-10-17, `ITO JjaeT
cr?10 1JI) `CM''
4
.2, MV
Pxc. 18. CI1CICTpLI 01oMH1IecgeJIIIHH pacTBOpoB alTpaaeHa
1 11 0KPIIAH1OBOrO OpaHHCeBoro 3 H CneiTp ITOFJI0WeHHH
aIfpI,IHHOBOro opamECBoro 2; cnewTpbl 1 H 3 AaIIbJ B
OTHOCHTerIbnbIX eJ[HHHTaX, Iuna7Ia no OCH OpAHHaT
OTIIOCHTCH K KpnBOH 2
JjJIB XapaIeTepTICTH'IeCHOrO paCCTOBHHB IIepeHoca R. = 34 A, a JjJIB Hapa-
MOTPa a = 38 A, T. e. 3HageHHII, allaaOrHgHble HOJIy'TeHHhIM B JjpyrHX
cJly'ax 1lepexoca (CM. rJI. II 11 III). YMexbmeHHe TI C KOH1jeI1TpaI Heil
yJ[OBJICTBOpIITCQIbIIO corjiaCyOTCB C 3THMH 311agoHuHMII. HOCHOJIbHy HCCJIeJjO-
BaJICB PaCTBOP Hc60JIb1IIOH B93HOCTH H JjOTa3IbHOO CpaBHeIIIIe BbIXOJja B1 it
TI B 3TOM c.iyqae m npo1I3BOJj1 JIOCb (cm. rJI. 111), TO MbI OrpaHHTHMCH
3THM1I Hp116JIII?I;0HHbIM11 JjaHHbIMH.
B 3aEjiio-IelIIe Hy?ICHO OTMOTIITb, LITO, BOpOBTHO, MO?HHO iiaIITH CJIyiIau,
xorjja cenc116IIJII13013amian JIIOMHHeCT CJTTj1IB B paCTBOpax HpOBBJIBeTCB B 6oziee
OTTIeTJIHBbIX I opmaX 3. Ho H II3J1O?KeHIIble BbIme JjaHHble II0ATBep?HJjaIOT, 'ITO
cencI6HJIH3auIB pe3OHaHCHbIM HepeHOCOM B paCTBopax CyBjeCTByeT, XOTB e0
TPYAHO OTJjeJIIiTb OT HepeAwin 3Hepr111I TpIBHaJIbHOfi pea5cop6ijnen. XapaK-
TepxbIII 3((CKT II B TOM 11 B JjpyroM CJ1ygae - yBCJIHiICHHe JTJIHTesibHOCTH
BTOPH'HO B036y?nJjaeMoro 113JIy'eHIIB,
1 143-3a He6JIarOnpIIHTTIoro COOTHOnICH1Ir1 HOKa3aTeJIeri 1OrJI011j011nT1 3TH oIIfITbI no
yAaTOCb HPO0eCTII AJ1H TOHKTIX CJIOeB.
2 Cp. COOTIIOHIenHe BepOTITHOCTeIT HepOIIOCOB C TyineHHeM u 603 TyI11CHHB npl H0II-
1 eHTpaTIIoTIHbIX HBJICHHHX B rJI. II.
3 Tai oBbl, 110-B1IAI1MOMy, CJIyiIaH, HcCJIeAoBamuio B [43].
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PE3OHAHCHbIi HEPEHOC 3HEPPHH B JIIOMHHEC1 IIPy101aHX PACTBOPAX 37
HEPEHOC 3HEPrHH BO3BYW)JEHHA
B RPHCTAJIJIAX AHTPAIUEHA C HPHMECbIO HA(DTAIIEHA
flpICaH 3eJIeHaa JIIOIIHIHOCIjeHAHH Ha())TaAella B allTpageHO HeoAHOI:paTIIo
II3y'IaJlaCb (cm., HanpiMep, [45]). BblJio IIOKa3aHo, "ITO OTIOHb He3Ha'IIITeJIbHan
IIpIIMeCb IIa(Taljeiia (riopnrjica 10-5- 10-4 .4loJGb/AIodlb) IIpIIBoIIT K pe3KOMy
yne1IbIIIeIIHIO IIHTeHCIBIIOCTII JHOMHHecAeHr IIH allTpaljeiia H K HOSIBJIeIIHIO
CHJIbllOII JIIOMIIHecIjeinlim Ha(TaIjeHa. Hpu yHa3anHbIx KOIIIjeHTpa11HSIx
B036y?HJ aIo11,IIII CBeT IIOFJIOIIjaeTCH HpeI11ylljeCTBeHHO B aIITpaijelle, 'ITO He-
HOCpOF?[CTBeHHO IIpHBOAHT K 3alimotieHHio o nepenoce aiieprIlri Bo36yxcAerIIH.
Ha6JIIogaBmeecn HpU 3TO11I yMeHbmeHHe Cpe;AHefi AJIHTOJIbHOCTII Hc113HII B03-
6yalcAeimbIX MIOJIeFyJi allTpageHa [44] yxa3blBaeT Ila TO, 'ITO IIepeHoc He CBO-
AIITCH K IIOPJIOIIjeHIIIO H3JIy'IeHIIH alTpaijeHa Ha(TaIjeHOM, a BICJIIO'IaeT pe30-
HaHcHoe IIIIJjyKTI1BHOe B3aIIMogeICTBH) 1. Tailim 06pa30M, B 3TOII CHCTeMe
H(7a6JIIOJjaeTCH TyIIIelue JHHOMIIHeCI eHIHH alTpaiAeHa npimecbio IIa iTaljeHa.
HCHO, =ITO B 3TO11i CJIyilae HBJICIIIIH IIepeHOca MOryT o611agaTb oco6eHHOCTMMIi,
CBH3aHHbIMIi He TOJIbKO C KpIICTaJIJI1IIecHO1i CTpyKTypOH, HO 11 C TCM, 'ITO
ceHCH6rIJIII3aT0pOli cJIyalcaT MoJIeEyJH,I CaMOIi OCHOBHOII peHIeTKH. HO3TOMy
3apaxee MOJICHO 0)KHJjaTb, 'ITO IIpHMeHeHHe o6nieiJ TeOpIHI, cnpaBe;AJIHBOii
AJIH paCTBOpOB, B 3TOM CJiytiae He IIpIIBOJjeT n npaBHJIbHbIM pe3yJIbTaTaM.
Tea He Menee cpaBHeHIIe 3KCHepIIMeHTaJIblIbIx AaHHbIX C TeOpnefl BeCbMa 11H-
Tepecxo, HOTOMy 'ITO 0110 MOrEOT JjaTb cBeJjeHHSI o6 Oco6eIIHOCTHx Hepexoca
B KpIICTaJIJIax. Pe3yJIbTaTbl 3TOii rJIaBbI OCHOBaxbl Ha pa60Te aBTOpa n ZIHSKHKo-
BOii [471.
? 10. McTOAbI H3Meperniii
HpIIPOTOBJIeHIIe CMemaHIIbix I pIICTaJIJIOB. AHTpaIjeH C HpHMeCbIO Ha(Ta-
IjeHal HpIII'OTOBJISIJICFI HyTeM CHJIaBJIOHHH CMeceII. HCIIOJIb3OBa2ICH CIIHTeTH-
ileCIC11H allTpalje1, BbICOKHLI BbIXOJj JIIOMHHecIjeHI1HII KOTOporo yIa3bTBaJI Ha
ero JjOCTaTOYHyIO 'IIICTOTy. HaBecHH allTpaAeHa II Ha(TaljeHa IIOMeIIjaJI11Cb
B CTeICJIHHHyio aMIIyJIy, KOTOpan OTKa'IHBaJIaCb, 3auaHBaJIaCb Ii 3aTea HarpeBa-
JIaCb B TeMHOTe AO rJJIaBJIemIH alITpaljella. HonyileHHan CbieCb pa3Apo6JIHJIaCb.
HaMepeHHe OTHOCHTeJIbHOPO BblXOJja II CHeHTpOB JIIOMHHeCIjeHIjHII. ,JIH
H3MepeIHIH OTHOCIITeJIbHorO BhIXOJja, KaK 06bI'IHo, CJIy?KHJIa ())OT0aneKTp11-
*iecIcaH ycTaHOBKa, COCTOHIIjaH 113 MOHOxpoAiaTOpa YM-2 H (OTOyDIHO}ISH-
TeJIH, c rpaJjyhpOBamIoII cnenTpaJIbHOII '4yBCTBIITeJlbxocTblO (01. BBegeHHe).
HoJIy'eHHble KpliBble pacnpeAeJIeHI1H 3HeprHH B cIIeRTpax JIIOMHHeCIjeHIjlu
AaBaJIII B03MO5KHOCTb, HyTeM H3MepeHHH IIJIOMaJjefi Hog KpnBi,IMII, Hai3TH
OTHOCILTeJIbxbI1'I BbIXOA JIIOMHHeegenr nH HCCJIegyeMblx KPIICTaJIJIHHecHHx
HOpOHIKOB, TaK KaK H3MepeHHH OTpaSKeHHH B036y?KAalonjero CBeTa (o6bI'r110
= 365 m?) OT HopOmEOB IIOKa3aJIII, 'TO HorJIOHjeHHe BeJIIIKO (80-90%) ii
B IIpegenlax onii6on He 3aBHCHT OT KoHIjenTpagim HaC Tat eHa. CHeiTpbl JIIOMH-
HecgelIIjIIH allTpaI eiia H Ha(JTaljeHa JjOcTaTOgHO xopOmo pa3JjenIexbl. HoaTOMy
Tai me H3MepeHHH AaIOT BO3MO}HHOCTb OIIpeAeJIIITb OTAeJIbHO OTHOCIITeJIbHble
BLIXOAb1 CBe'eHHH allTpaijena n ene'eHHH Ha(TaljeHa.
1,13MepeHlle cneNTpoB uorJIonjeHnx. Ho clieKTpy IIOPJIOIIjeHIIH IcpHCTaJI-
JIIIIecEoro alTpaljeHa 6bIJIII IICHOJIb3OBaHbl AaIlHMe HameR pa60Tbl [48].
I Tai oe HCe 3 aiJlio'reinie CAeJ1aHO B [46] Ila oCHOne AaHBbux no II3MepeHIIIo jJI11TeJl1-
HOCT11 JIIOMLI11ec4eII rin Hpii Bo36yNCAeHHB 3.IIeETpoHIILTM Ily'IEoM.
2 'II!CTJll npenapaT 1Ia(fJTallena 611.1 HpeAocTaBJIHI H. AJ. M 11X3-ijIOBbIM, xoTOpeny
,mm I1OJ li:I~; t'D1C 11 CJIy'Iael BbIpa3llTb 6J1arogapHOCTL.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BJIaro apx B03MOMHbIM oum6KaM B oIIpe keJIeHHH TOJImuHbl OiieHb TOHKHX
IIJIaCTHHOK allTpaIIeHa, IIpOH3BORHBmeMCH IIPH IIOMOID;H MHKpoIIHTepc)epo-
NIOTpa I, TOLIHOCTb oupeAeJIeHHc1 a6COJIIOTHOH BeawimEIbI KO34XbHI1HeHTa HorJIo-
II;eHHFI cocTaBJIHeT -J-50% 2. KOJIHileCTBeHHoe onpegeJieHIIe IIor.IoMeHHFI
Ha4)TaIiexa B allTpaAeHe, BBHAY Ma.IbIx KOHAeHTpaI;III3 Ha(TaI;exa, HpeAcTaB-
JIHeT 3HatIHTeJIbxble TpyJ[HOCTH. AJISi oripeJ{eJIeHHFI HOJIOHCeHHSI MaHcIIMyMOB B
B cIIeKTpe HorJIomeHHfi 6bIJI HCIIOJIb3OBaH cneKTp oTpa?HeIIHcI, CH}ITbIi3 Ha aB-
ToMaTIMeCKOM dneKTpo41oTOMeTpe C?IJ-2. OHpeACJIeHHe BeJIH'IHHbl HoICa3aTeJIH
HorJIou emm 6bIJio CJ;eJiaHO J1;JISI ?HI KOrO pacTBOpa (B ToJIyOJIe). KociOJIuiy
crleKTpbI uorJIou emia o6bi1iHO He olIeub CHJIbIIO 3aBIICFIT OT paCTBOplTeJIFl,
Aim paCileTa IIpIIHIIMaJIHCb aTH 3HaileHHA.
OHpegeJleHHe cpeuiero BpeMeHH Bo36y?IvIenHoro COCTOJIHHSI (RJIHTeJIb-
HOCTH 4)JIyopeCAeHI;HH). 143MepeHHe cpej(Hero BpeMeHH Bo36y5KgeHHoro
COCTORHHFI T IIp0H3BOA11JIOCb IIPH BO36y?KgeimH pTyTHOR JIaMIIOI3 CB4 co
CBeTo4lllJIbTpaMH, BbIReJIHBIHHMH o6JIaCTb 365 ..u[I, (B036y?mgeHHe B IIOJIOCe
uorJIoB;eHHfi aHTpa1 eHa) HJIH 436 .hL[.L (B036ymgeiFe B IIOJioce IIorJIOIII;eHHSl
Ha iTaueHa). IIepoR ( OTOyMHO?KFITeJIeM, BOCHptHHMaBIIIIIM CBeT JIIOMHHecUeH-
AHII, CTaBIIJIIICb CBeTO(HJIbTpbl, BbIJJ;eJI}IBIIIHe cBe1leime aHTpaqexa HJIH CBe-
xeHHO Ha(Tal;exa.
? 11. Pe3yJIbTaTbI H3MepeHHI3
Pe3yJIbTaTbI H3Mepe1:IIII3 OTHOCHTeJIbHOrO BbIXOJ[a H J1;JIHTeJIbHOCTH IIPH
B036y?KJ[eHIIII B o6JIaCTH 365 m?, T. e. B HOJIOCe IIOrJIo1BeHll allTpageHa,
4
1042/a
Pac. 19. 3aBHCHMOCTb T / TO (xpa-
BaH 1) a oTHOCHTeabaoro BLIXOJ{a
B.1 Bo (xpHBan 2) JIIoMnHecgeHgaa
allTpageHa OT xoagenTpagiH
Ha4 TageHa
2 1
c?
Pac. 20. 3asxcuMOCTb -r (xpuBax 1)
g OTHOCITeJIbHOI'o Bbixoga B / B0
(xpHBan 2) nloMHaecgexgiH u' Ta-
geHa B allTpageHe OT xoageIITpaAHH
Ha4 Tageaa
HpHBO OHbI Ha pHC. 19 (cBeqeHHe allTpaI ena) H Ha pnc. 20 (cBeqeHHe Ha4?-
TaI exa). HoJIy*IeHHan 3aBHCIIMOCTb OTHOCHTeJIbHOr0 BbIxo a OT KoHgeHTpa-
UITH Ha[ TageHa xpI6JIH3HTeJIbao coriiacyeTCH C J;a]E[HMMH, IIpHBe);eHHbIMH
B [45g]. CyNimapHbIH BbIXOA CBeqOHHH o6elx KOMIIOHOIIT HeCKOJIbKO BO3paCTaeT
xpii yBeJiHqeHHH xoHI;eHTpaJJ;HH Ha(Tal;exa.
I 11pa 3TOM icnoJL3oBaJloCb o6CTOSITeJIbCTBO, yxa3aHHoe 06peiMOBbIM: ToHxxe IIJIa-
CTIIHxII allTpaileHa, IIOJIyMeHIILIe B03roHx010, JIer00 cagHTCa Ha OIITH4eCHHII xouTai-r Ha
gHieTyIO CTeRJIHIIayIO IIJIH HBapgeByJ) IIJIaCTiHxy.
2 )jajIHble o IIOrJIOH(eHHH HoJTBep?w enbI HaMH B [49]; CM. Tax?xe [50].
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PE3OHAHCHhIl1 HEPEHOC 3HEPrHH B JIIOMHHECI.UIPYIOIUHX PACTBOPAX 39
Hamu J{aHHbie HO JAJIHTOJIbHOCTH JIIOI1IHHecgeH1lH Tax1Ke B o61IjeM Hog-
TBepSKgaIOT gaHHble [44], HO BHOCSIT B HIIX CYIAecTBexxoe yTOTIHeHHe.lJIH-
TeJlbxocTb cBelIeHHH alTpaueHa pe3Ko nagaeT yxce npH oLIexb He60JIbmHx
HoHI;eHTpal[HHx Ha(f Tat eHa (10-5-10-42/2), a 3aTeM OCTaeTCFI npaiTlI*IeCKH
HOCTOHHHOH HpH yBeJIHxieHHH KOHAeHTpagim go 10-32/2 1. AJIHTeJIbHOCTb CBe-
ileHHa Ha(TaI[eHa npli Bo36y5KgeHIhIi A, = 436 m?, T. e. B CBOeLI noJIOCe no-
rJlomeHnH, oioJio 12 ?10-9 ceK. Hpii Bo36yuuReHHH ? = 365 m? (HOJioca no-
rJIomeuun aHTpa1[eHa) 'C npH MaJIbIx JOHI;eHTpaAnax Ha( Tai ena 3HaqH-
TeJIbHO 60JIbIHe (CM. pnc. 22).
Hail CJIegyeT 113 ? 8, 3aKOH 3aTyXaHna CeHCH6HJIH3oBaHHOI3 JIIOMIIHeCr eII-
JJIIH ;[OJIlKeH 6bITb He3KCnoHeHquaJIbHbIM. YBeJIHileHne T Ha( TaIieHa npH
B036y1KgeHHH B HOJIOCe lOPJIOHjeHna allTpageiia HaCTOJIbKO 3Hagl4TeJIbHO, iITO
A105KHO HaJJeITbCc, TO He3KCIIOHOHguaJIbHOCTb 3aTyXaHHa goJI}KHa upo-
aBI3Tbca IIpH (bJly0pOMeTpHhIeCKHX H3MepeHIIHX.
CooTHOHICHHe MeiE;jy CJjBHroM (f a3bl cp H yMelIbmeHHeM aMHJIHTYJ(bI MOJ(y-
JlmuHn A JIIOMnHecL eI1L Hn (CM. BBOAW111o) no cpaBHeHHIo c (a30H H aMHJIII-
Ty I Iii B036y K aioujero cBeTa
tgy=(OT H A=A0coscp
IIpH (JIyOpOM0TpH90CIHX H3MCpeHHlIX HMeeT TaICOH BII TOJIbKO JZJIH 3KCnO-
IIeHI~HaJIbHOPO 3axoHa 3aTyXaHHa. B CJIy9all 3aFOHa 3aTyXaHna CeHCn6n-
J1113oBaHIIOH JIIOMHHCCIreHIkHH gOJ1?KHO 6hITb
A>A0Cosy.
Aim Aoxa3aTeJIbcTBa IIe3KCHOHeHIInaJIbIIOCTII 3axona 3aTyXaHHa ceHCH-
6HJI13OBaHHOII JIIOMHHecr euijuu 6b1Ji npOBeaeH c3leJ;yIOn[Hii OHTIT H3Mepa-
aaCb HC TOJIbKO pa3HOCTb (a3, HO H oTHomeHHe aMHJIHTYA MOAyJIaI[HH J[JIa
paccelIBaiowen HOBepXHOCTH u aHTparzeHa C Ha(Ta11eHOM (KOHIueHTpaqna
3 ? 10-5 2 / 2). OTHOIHeilne aMHJIHTYA OnpeJAeJIHJIOCb npaKTHtleCxn TaKHM o6pa-
30M, 9TO ocJla6JlenneM Hy'IKa AOCTHraiIocb paBeHCTBO aM1JIHTY Ha BhIXOJe
yCHJIHTCJIR B 060HX CJIyLIaax (T. e. paccelBalowan HOBOpXHOCTb If JIIOMHHO-
(iop) H 3aTeM H3MepHJIHCb epeAHHe (OTOTOKI B YMHOHIHTeJle. OTHOmeHHe
JTHX ()OTOTOKOB paBlo, OLIOBHJ[HO, OTHomeHulo aMHJIHTYA npH paBHBIX
4)OTOTOKax. TaKoii CH0006 yCTpaHHeT BO3MOH{HOe BJIHHHIIe HeJIHHeI3HOCTH
ycIJleHHa. BbMJIH IIOJlytieHbl CJIeAyiomne peayJibTaTbi: Ox = 137 ? 5 cm HJin
T(Da = (30 ? 5).10-9 ceK. 2 113 3TOro 3Hauenna T c3IeJI,yeT, YTO oTHomexne
aMHJIHTyJ[ JZJIII 3KCHOHeHI1HaJIbHOrO 3aKOHa JzoJi}KHO 6LITb paBHo A0 /A =
=V1 + o)2T2 = 4,5 -+- 0.7. B OnbITe HOJIyLIHJIOCb A0 / A = 2,5 ? 0,2, T. e. 3a-
McTHO (BHe HpejjeJIOB omH6OK) McHbme. ,L1JIa KOHTpoJIa 6bHJIo onpeJ;eJIeHO
COOTHOTCTBYIOuAee OTHOmeHHe Jj3IH pacTBopa 3-aMHHO TaJiHMuja c T = (10?
- 1)) .10-9 ceK. B 3TOM CJIyLIae AJII 3KCIIOHeHquaJIbHOro 3axona Ao / A =
1 / ' I B OnbITe Ao/ A = 1,8 ?0,2, T. e. xopomee co-
Bna;IeHHe. B CJIynae HCHAKOPO pacTBopa o Horo BewecTBa npn KOMHaTHOH
TeMHepaType HeT OCHOBaHii COMHeBaTbCH B 3KC11OHeH1uaJIbHOCTH 3aTyXaHna,
'ITO H IIOATBepHSqaeTCH OHbUTOM. ,JISI CeHCH6HJIH3oBaHHO1k JIIOMHHeCI;eHI]lu
HeaHCHOHeHgHaJIbHOCTb yBepeHHO o6Hapy}KHBaeTCa 3.
I AHajiorH9Tmn aasncHMOCTb Ha6JIloJIaJIacb, 11O-BII jlMOMy, B [44] gJrn al4TpaI eHa
c npnMeCbIO neHTagena, XOTH, KaK H B cJTytlae allTpageHa c Ha(TaI eHoM, Ha KplBb1x, npH-
BeJ{ellHa1x B 1441 ((IIr. 7), Hej[oCTaTOiIHO To=IeK, *IT06bI egeJlam yBepellllbie 3aKJIio eHnn.
2 DTO 3Ila9PIIIIe HeCP.OJIbKO Bbime, TICM IIpIIBeAeHHOe Ha pnc. 22. OHO IIOJIy9eHO j[JIn
gpyroro o6pa3lja. B 3TOFl o6JIaCTI3 KOHIZenTpaljnIi r na(Taljena, no-BHguMOMy, OileHb cHJIb-
IIO 3anHclIT OT KOHueHTpai m.
3 AIIaJiornzlHblf BMBOI O He3KCnoueH4HaJIbIIOM 3aKofe 3aTyxaHnn IIpH CeHCH6HJIH30-
BaIIHo1i JIIOMHHec1;eHIiHH 6hIJI cj e iaH B [461 JIJIH c iy4an BO36y E eHIIn 3JIeKTpOHHbIM IIy*I-
KOM. 1103H(e HeaHcnoHeHgHaJIbIalli 3a1on 3aTyxaHHH 6bIJI anajronigHbiM McTO)IOM IIOATBep-
li,ell J3JIH CJIyxIaa TynieHlln paCTBOpoB 11CCTOpOHHIIMH Beu eCTBaMu 1571].
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TaHIIM o6pa3OM, B o611aCTH HOHIAOHTPaW1H 10-5 -10 4 2 e (10 4 2/2 =
= 0,78.10-4 MO.,Ibl.UO/Gb) H3MeHeHHFI T aJI JIOPHLIHbI Ha6JIroJAaioHAHMCH IIpil
CeHCII6IIJI1430BaHHOH JIIOMHHeCIAeHIAHH B MHJAHIIX pacTBopaX. Oco6eHHOCTII
HBJIOHHH ceHCII61JJIH3OBaHHOH JIIOMHHec1AeHIAIIH. B HPHCTaJIJIaX allTpaAAeHa c
Ha(TaIAeHOM COCTOFIT B CJIeIAyioweM: 1) yMOHbIIIeHIIO T allTpaIAeHa II COOTBeT-
CTBeHHO Bo3paCTaHI1e T HathTaileHa JIP014CXOJZIIT IIpH McHbIIIIIX HOHI eHTpauHHX,
'IeM IIP14 HBJIOHIIFIX nepenoca 3HePFHII B iEII AHIIX paCTBopaX; 2) Ha6JIIoAaeT-
CH Be3aBHCHMOCTb T anITpaiieHa OT HOHIAeJITpagnn Ha(JTaIAela IIpH HOHI eH-
TpaIAHHX 6oJibme 10-4 ale; 3) yMeHb1l eHIle OTHOCnTeJIbHOrO BbIXOJAa CBetIeBHfI
II r n 111
~~++
II
II I
I it
1i 1~-:
Pnc. 21. CneHTpM rlorJionjeann HpHCTaJlnH9ecHOrO alTpai eHa (1),
JHoMnaecgeHgnn anTpaiAeHa (2), norJloIueHHH paczaopa Hac Ta-
1zeHa (3), nioMnnecJAenHnn Hac TageHa B allTpageae (4)
alTpageffa HpH Bo3paCTaHHH KOHIAeHTpaUHH Ha(TageHa IIPOIICXOJAHT 3HaiIII-
TeJlbHo 6bICTpee, HeM yMeHbIIieHHe r) H Hpo AoJnnaeTOH B o611aCTH HOCTOHH-
CTBa T.
,JIH COIIOCTaBJ'eHnn C TeopHeH yHa3aIIHbIMH BO BBOJAeHHH MOTOJAaMII 6b1JIII
II3MepeHbr CHeHTPbi H3JIy'ICIHHH H norJioweHHH allTpaiAeHa n Hac TarAeHa
(pgc. 21). CHeHTp JIIOMHHeCIAeHIAHH allTpaJJeHa rioay'IeH HpH (4pOHTaJIbHOM
Bo36y?Hj(eHHH IIJIOCHOHI MonoRpHCTaJIJIIIilecnoH IIJIaCTIIHHII H HcIIpaB3IeH Ha
pea6cop6giaio 1. CHeHTp 3iiOMHHeci;eHI[HH Ha( TalAena B alTparAeHe H3MepeH
zAJIH Me3IHOHpHCTa3I3IHTiecxor0 HopoIIIHa, IIOJIyneHHOro CIIJIaBJIeHIIOM cMeen
(CM. ? 10). OTHOCHTeJIbHO CIIeHTp0B IIOrJIOHAennnH HaJAO HMeTb B MAY OPO-
BOpHH, HOTOpble 6i,rn i CJAeJIaHbl B ? 10. CTeIIeHb TO'IHOCTH 3T14X JAaHIIbIX
IIpeJACTaBJIHOTCH JAOCTaTOMHOII jAJII1 3aRaio ICHIIH, HOTOpb1e JAOJIaIOTCH HHice.
? 12. O6ey1HjAeHHe pe3yJn.TaTOB
143 paCIIOJIO?HeHIIH CIICHTPOB (puC. 21) MOHCHO 3aKJIIOLIHTb, *ITO B CHCTe-
Me allTpaIAeH - Ha(JTaIAeH JAOJI}HHbl IIpOIICXOAHTb TPII BHjAa pe3oHaHCHOrO
IIepeHOCa 3HeprIIH B036yH LLeHIIH: Hepenoc OT alTparLena H anTpar[eiy
(A-->A), OT allTpaiAeHa H Ha(JTaueHy (A>H) H OT IIa(J)TarAeHa H Ha(Ta-
IAeHy (H > H). OTBJIeianCb CHatiajia OT IIepellocoB A --> A H H --> H, MOHCHo
HOHbITaTbCH OIAeHi3Tb BepoiITHOCTb HepeHoca A--> H, IIPHMOHHH o6n yIO TOO-
PIIIO, pa3BHTYIO JAJIH paCTBOPOB (r3I. II). BepOHTHOCTb IIepeHOca B eJAIIHHIAy
I Kai II3BecT11o, nonpaBo IBbui MHOSHATeJIb (aX + a3651/as65, rjAe aX -- Ko3(( nw enT
norJIOIB;enIIH JAJIa JA II.IIM BOJIHMI a, a a365 - Ho3(4tnIAHeHT norJJolAennx Bo36yH; AaIoigero
CBeTa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BpeMeHII OT Bo36y]KJjeHHOII MOJIe1yJlbI M1 K IIeB036y1KAcimofi M0, Haxo i-
IIjenca iia paccTOnHIIII R, B nameM c. iyaae paBHa
4
W (R) = 107112" a R6 . (12.1)
zIrrCJIeHhILIii Ko3#I11IIe11T B (12.1) BbIgHCJIeH 113 (1.9) in CJry'laa, Korga
ocH AIIIIOJIeIi MoJleKya IlapaJlJleJlblibl, T e. COOTBeTCTByeT IIpeAIroJ10?KeHHIO
0 TOM, 'ITO Mo.TIeKyJlbl Ha~Taueiia BXOASTT B KpIICTa3IJIIIUecHylo pemeTKy
a11TpaIjexa, HpIIHHMaf1 TO ?Ke HanpaBJIeuIIe Ocl AHnOJIa. OTCIoAa AJI5 3aBll-
CIIMOCTII T OT KO1ii eHTpagHII aHaJIOrH'IHO (2.17) HOJ1yi1IIM (B >):
T 1- 3
Y"q
d
(12.2)
rje q HMeeT Hpe?KUee 3HatieHHe.
Ho cneRTpaM pn0. 21 MOSKHO HalITll aH I cpeJjHHmi Ko3((Hr[HelIT HorJIO-
IIjeHIIa IIa TaIkena B o6JiacTH cneiTpa JII0MIIH(3CHeHIkIIH aITpauella. IIo.ny-
ilaeM OLH_I = 4,5.10-18 (Ha oAiiy MOJIeKyJIy). HIOACTaBIIB HpH6JII13HTe.TIb1Ible
3Ha'Ierrnn ApyrHX BeJIII9ffiI, BXOA11T 1x B (12.2): 7, = 440 in i; n = 1,7;
To /Te 1 HOJIy'IHM IIpII 11011 lITpaI F1H Hac Tarjeiia 2,5.10--l -/a (N =
= 8.1016 .aroiie>Eyiia / c. i3) 1 - L!T~ = 0,005. Ha oTIbITe HMeeM Hpn 3TOII uoH-
HeHTpagIIH no KpallHeii Mepe I -,c / TQ = 0,3, T. e. pacxoiKAeiiHe B
60 pa3.
Taimi o6pa3oM, Kau H c ieAOBaJio ox1HAaTb, npeue6petib nepeHoco A
A HeJIb3n, 11 HpoBeAeHHaa oi[eHia AaeT KOCBeHHOe HOATBepHCAcimc ero
cyu ecTBOBaHHa.
Ho aBbIAOBy [521, B MoJIeKyJlapIIbIX KplCTaJIJIax MoryT cyu ecTBOBaTb
ABa THHa B036yH1ACHHbIX COCTOREHIA: A TOPO me TIIna, TITO II paccMaTpH-
BaeMbII3 B TOOp1II pe3OHaHcxol MIIrpaI;HII.
B 3TOM cJIyLIae JXBII?KeHIIe no pemeTKe
J(OJIIKHO IIMeTb J(H(4y3IIO1IHbII3 XapalTOp. LIeUCTBHTeJrbHO, Kor a Bo36y1KJ(e-
Hne HaXOJ(HTCII B HeKOTOpOII MOJIOKyJIO, TO OHO C paBHOYI Bepo11THOCTbIO
(ec in, KOHegHO, OTBJIe'IbCH OT allMOTpOnlr) MO?KCT 6bITb IIepeJXaHO B Juo6yro
f13 OKpy1Kaiowiix MOJieKyJI. HCXOWI 113 3KC1Iep14MeHTa.IbHbIX j(aHHbIX, MOIKHO
IIOnblTaTbcci o11011IITb, KaKOB J(o1I1KeH 6bITb ;eJIeHIIR ROHTYPOB JI11HIi11 KOM6HHa-
W'IOHHOrO paCCe$HHR HaI16oJIee 6JIarOIIpHRTHLI B TOM CMIICJIe, -ITO IICTHHHble
KOHTypbl Bbipaa aiOTCR alaa lITHgeCHR B AOCTaTOgHO [IpOCTOM BIIAe, a IICTHHHble
IIapaMeTpbi 3TIIX KOHTypOB BNpawaIOTCH HOIIOCpeACTBeHHO ilepe3 IIapaMeTpbI
rIa6JuoAaeMbix ROHTYPOB KOM6HHagHOHHMX JIHHHi3 11 B036ySKAaiouiell JIIIHIIII,
TaKHM o6pa3OM, BCe CBOA11TCR (~aKT1PIeCKH K HeKOTOpbIM JpOCThIM o1IepaILHRM
Hag iiapaMeTpaMii IHniiu.
Bo3iee cJIOHCeH A3IR paCCMOTpeHH3 c iyLIaII, KOrja >#(x) ii I B(x) nonaAaIOT
B panibie IIHTepBaJlbl , BBeAeHHOA HaMII BbIHJe. Hpn
3TOM BbIwi.CJIeHHH 110 o61ITI1M (J)OpMyJIaM (2.14) HJII1 (2.19) CTaHOBRTCR 6OJIee
rpoM03AKII11iv, a nOJlyilaehbde pe3yJIbTaTbl Tep51OT CBOIO HarJIRZ[HOCTb. 3Ha-
1HTeJIbHOe ynpoIIZeHIIe MO KeT 6&Tb AOCTHrHyTO B yRa3aHHOM CJIyilae, ecJiH
npeABapuTeJIEHO IICKJIIOi1IITb H3 ROHTYPOB I#(x) II .(X) Ty LIaCTb alnapaTHOIi
{ )yHK1AIIII, KOTOpa} Ha116oJIee KnopTHT> Hx. EC3n IOCJIe 3TOro KOHTypbI x'(x)
it J4'B (x) nonaAaioT B OAI1H 11 TOT Me IIHTepBa3l IIIKaJIbI (IOpMBI JIHHH1, TO AaJib-
Heil11lee OnpeAe3leHHe IICTIIHHbIX KOHTYPOB KOM6HHaI;HOHH1,IX JIHHHII OCVII;eCT-
BJIReTCR npu HoMOU1II oHHcaxxbix BlaH1e npoCTbTX onepagnii1. BOHpoc o6 IIcKJIio-
`YeHHH annapaTHOIi (J)yuuuIIH 11 HaxoHK eHHII HCTIIHHbIX ROHTYPOB cneKTpaJIb-
HbIX 3111x1113 IIMeeT 6oilee o6rHee 3Ha'eHHe. HHSKe 6yAyT paCCMOTpenbl Asa HaII-
,6oJiee THn11'IHblx cJIy'au: IICKJIIOLIeHIIe a1111apaTHOii (DyHKAIIII II
IICKJllo'eHHe aunapaTHOII (JyHKAII1 t OTOCJIOR.
Boipocy 0 BJTIRH1III Ha pe3yJIbTaTI,I II3MepeRHii KOHeiIHOII IIIHpHHb1 H[eJI1I
CneKTpaJlbnoro annapaTa 11OCBRII;eHa o61HHpnaK JIIITepaTypa. BaH HOCTb 3TOrO
Bonpoca onpeAeJlneTCH TeM, iiTO OT IHHpHHhI 11 3IH CneKTpaJlbnoro npn6opa
1 13 HexOTOpbIX cJlyIanx, eCJTH :)TO AonycxaloT yCJIOBna 3HcI1epl1MeuITa, Rce:IaeMoe
yEIpOII(ex11e 3aJ(ami (cBejeHF(e KoHTypoB k(x) n kB (x) B OALIH 11 TOT Me IIHTepBaJI) MOMeT 6MITb
1ocTllrnyTO UpOCTO II3MeHeIIIIeM IIIHp1IHM n{eJIB.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
72 M. M. CYHUHHCKH I
B 3HaiiHTeJIbHOH CTeneHII 3aBHCHT, C OAHOl CTOPOHbI, IICHO.Ib3yOMbIH CBeTOBOH
IIOTOR, a c Apyroi - peaJlbnO AOCTiiraeMan pa3pemaioigaTi CIIOCO6HOCTb.
B TO me BpeMf nlHpiHa rgeJln HpeACTaBJISIeT co6oiI napaMeTp cneHTpaJIbHOI3
ycTanosxn, HaXOABIAHACB B pacnopxxcennn 3HCnepw%teHTaTOpa. IIo3TOMy
Ba1HHO 3HaTb, Han 3TOT napaMeTp BJInHeT Ha n3MepneMble BeJInzIHHbl (B AaHHbIX
YCJIOBHFIX OnbITa), 1IT06bI MO?KHO 6bIJI0 Bm6paTb AJIB hero OIITIIMaJIbHOe 3Ha-
ileHne.
He BXOA} B noApo6HOe o6cy?KAeHHe IIpo6JleMbl, OTMeTHM, iITO npH pacCMOT-
peHnl3 BJIISIHISI IIInpuHbl IAMB cepbe3Hble TpyAHOCTH co3AaeT Heo6XOAHMOCT&
yileTa cnoco6a OCBemeHnn 1neJIn: BII annapaTHOIi t yHKIAHH cuenTpaJlbnor0
npn6opa 3aBHCIIT OT CTeneHII HorepeHTHOCTII cBeTa, naAalOIIIero Ha IgeJIb.
B CJIytIae H3y'ieHHSl cneHTpoB KOM6HHaIlnOHHOro pacce5IHHSi yxa3aHHa$i TpyA-
HOCTb o6XOAnTCH cJIeAyIOHJHM o6pa3oM. Tan HaH HCCJIeAyeMbie JiHnnn BcerAa
AOBOJIbHO mHpoHH, TO IIpn 1CCJIeAOBaHHBX (6e3 yMeHbIneHnf3 peaJlbHoli pa3-
pemaiomeg CIIOCO6HOCTII) MoryT IIpHMeHFITbCSI u eJIn c IHHpHHOIf, 3HaTinTeJIbH0,
HpesocxoAIIII;efl IIIHpIIHy II;eJI1 So, onpeAeJIneMyIo yCJIOBHeM
(2.76)
3AeCb )) - AJiuiia BOJIHI,T, d n f - AHaMOTp H I OKyCHOe paCCTORHne o6'beH-
THBa KoJIJIIIMaTOpa cnenTporpac a. ECJln IIpn 3TOM ilL JIb CIIeHTpOrpa( a
oCBeMeHa IIpn nomou n HoHAeHCOpHOI3 JIIIH3bl C HeROTOp}IM HoJIJInMaTopHoro o6'benTnBa, TO, Han uoHa3ano B HaIHeI3 pa6oTe [3),
iio nxo ciInTaTb OCBeu eHne HeHorepeHTHLIM. DyHHI(in annapaTa IIpn 3TOM
yupon[aeTCH H MO?R T 6iITb 3anIICaHa B BnAe
x+s
a (x, s) = ~ ~ (t) dt. (2.77)
x-s
3Aecb 2s - mnpnna HgeJln, ~ (t) - pacnpeAeJleHne nHTexcIlBHOCTH B 4 oxaJlb-
HOIi HJIOCHOCTH cuenTporpat4a AJIB MoHoxpoMaTnilecxoro CBeTa HpH 6ecKo-
He,qHo y3KOI3 meJIH. HaaoseM C!1 (t) cneKTporpa(1a [3].
B HAeaJILHOM cJlyiiae cneKTporpa( la 6e3 a6eppaunI3 ~(t) uMeeT BHA'
sinz Cst)
(t) _ ? ? (2.78k
(at)2
SO
IIpn HaJilfiinn a6eppaiznii 4 (t) cooTBeTCTBeHHo ycJIO?KHFIeTCH, oAHauo AJUl
xopoHIHx CHenTpaJIbHblx IIp12[6opos pOJIb OCTaTOLIHNX a6eppawi HeBeJInRa.
Mm 6yAeM B AaJIbHei3meN npeAIIoJlaraTb, iITO ~ (t) - LIeTHan 4 ynxixun, T. C.
c~ (- t) = c1(t). 3allncblsan aIInapaTHyIO y(t), oupej{eJIHeMasl ()opMyJloli (2.78),'6JIHaxa no
xapalTepy enaj{anln C yseJrnqeHHeM t H (yHRI;HH Faycca. Emit ytlecTb, TO
3Ta c yHHI[HH HeCROJIbRO crJla Eena 113-3a HaJIH'IIIyI a6eppal[IiIi, To Aim ee annpo-
ItCHMagHR MO MHO 6paTb ()yHHII;HIo I'aycca, TITO COOTBeTCTByeT npOBeJ[eHHOMy
panee paccMOTpeHIIlo, B HOTOpOM llpH ;yeMbIX JIHHHII 11 BeJIIi'IHHbI Sq), Xa-
paliTepl(3yI0H;eIi (IOTOCJIOII. HyH{HO TOJIbRO HMeTb B BHJ>;y HpH6JIIDH HHbIYI
xapalTep a HHpoHCHMaII;HIi anllapaTHOI1 (4yHKIkHH ((IOTOCJIOH BbipaxiexxeM
(2.89); BO3MO)EHaH HeTOgHOCTb aToro BblpaxieHHH MO)KeT OKa3aTbcJ cyMeCT-
BeHHOII CKOpee BCerO HpH S(p, CpaBHHMbIX C HIHpUHOH H3ytIaeMbix KOHTypOB.
Ilpi 3TOM BO3paCTOT TaK)Ke pOJib CJIy'IaIIHbix ofH6oJ H3MepeHllJi, BOHpOC
o KOTOpbIX 6yp;eT 6OJiee HoApo6HO paccMOTpeH B cJleil;yioHiet Haparpa(4e.
B HpejJ;bigyu);eM paccMOTpeHHH BcerJ>;a HpeJ);HOJIaraJIOCb, 'ITO Iiccjlejl;osaHlie
KOHTypOB CHeKTpaJlbHbIX JIHHHII IlPOI13BOJ);HTCH Hp116opaMH, o6JIaJ>;aioii uMH
60.'IhHIOH gilciiepcneH it pa3pemaiou>;eII CHO006HOCTbIO. 3TOT McTOJI; HCCJIeJI;OBa-
HiiSI Ha16oJiee HpfMOIi it cpa3y J>;aeT B03MO)KHOCTb CyJ);HTb 0 KOHTypaX H3y-
iiaeMblX JIIIHIIII CO BCeMII HX oC06eHHOCTJIMH. OJI;HaKo J{aHHblii McTOA HpaKTII-
-iecim MaJio HpHrOJ{eH J[JIH H3y1IeHHH JIHHHH OileHb cJia6oIL HHTeHCIIBHOCTH,
Tau iiaK Tpe6yeT I33y'IeHIIB KOHTypa Ha J),OBOJIbHO 60JIbIIOM paCCTOBHIIII OT ero
MaKCIIMyMa, a HOJIyiHITb J),OCTaTOTIHyIO TO1IHOCTb H3MepeHHH B yJ{aJieHHbIX OT
maIiCIIMyMa To IKax, Kor a HCCJIegyeMas JIHHHH CJIa6a m K TOMy we HaXOAHTCB
IIa CILJIOIHHOM 4)OHe, J1;OBOJIbHO TpyJJ;HO. B CBH3H C 3T14M HaMH 6bIJI HpeRJiox{eH
LoCBeIIHbIH McTOJ>; 113MepeHHH HHipHHbI CHeKTpaJIbHbIX JIHHHH, OCHOBaHHbIH
Ha II3ytIOHIIH 3aBIICIIMOCTH HHTeHCHBHOCTH B MaHCHMyMe JIHHHH OT IHHPHHbI
JAeJlii ciieKTporpa(a [3, 44]. B ATOM bieToJ{e C'beMKa c1eKTpOB HpoH3BOAHTCB
Ha cneliTporpa(()ax co CpaBHHTeJIbxo He6oJIbI JHMH aHCH03HI[HBM14 11 1103TOMy
MOTOJ); MOHieT 6bITb HIHpOKO HpHAIeHell J>;JIH II3y1IeHHB HIHPHHbI JIHHHII H0M6lIHa-
I);II0HHOrO paCCesHHH H J;pyrHX CJIa6bIX CHOKTpaJIbHbIX JIHHHH.
AaHHbIII IHOCBeHHbIYH McTOA 6bIJi OHpo60BaH Ha pBJl;e JIHHHI( uoM6611Hal[I(oH-
H0r0 paCCeHHIIH II Hoiia3aii YJAOBJIOTBOpIITeJIbHble pe3yJlbTaTbI [45], oco6eHHo
IIOCJIe Toro, KaK OH 6bIJI YCOBOpHIeHCTBOBaH CTepIIHbIAI, HC11iOJIb3oBaBHIIIM AJIB
C'bC%IKII CHOKTpOB CTyneHiIaTyIO HIeJIb [46]. OJ):HaHO B CBOeM HepBOIIa'laJIbHOM
BapHaHTe 3TOT McTOJ[ HMeeT ABa CyH);OCTBOHHbIX HeJI;oCTaTlia: 1) lipeA bJIBJIHOT
BbIcoKHe Tpe6OBaHHB K KaileCTBY CHOKTpaJIbHOPO aHHapaTa, TaH Kai BCe paC1IeTbl
B 1 lITIIpOBaHHbIX pa60Tax 6bIJIH BbIHOJIHOIIbI B HpeJ{HOJIO)KeHHH, "ITO CHeKTpo-
rpa(, C KOTOpbIM HpO113BOJ);HTCB pa6oTa, He HMeeT a6eppaiw ii; 2) 1103BoJIBeT
CJI;ejiaTb OII;eHKy JIIIHlb HIHp1IHbI JIHIIHII, o (()opMe we JIHHHII AaeT BecbMa orpa-
HIIgeHHble CBeJ(eHHH. Him e 6ygeT Holia3aHO, "ITO o6a 3TH HeJ);OCTaTKa McTOJI;a
He BBJIHIOTCH HpHHIJ;HHHaJIbHbIMH H MOryT 6bITb yCTpaHeHbI.
Kali yIa3bIBa.IOCb BbIHle, (iyHKIjHH aHHapaTa a(x, S) 3aBHCHT OT HIHpHHbI
ii eJIH 2s, Boo6III;e roBOps, J;OBOJIbHO CJIO)KHbIM 06pa30M. OJ[Haxo B CJlyiiae,
aiorga McJIb CHeFTporpa(Ja OCBeIITexa HpH HoMOII1H HOHJI;eHCOpHOI3 JIHH3bI C He-
3iOTOpLIM KoJIJIHMaTOpxoro 06'beRTIIBa H HpH He OileHb
y3KIIX igeJIBX (HO CpaBHeHHIO c HOpMaJIbHOII IIIHpHHO1 Me.IH s0), Mo)Kxo c'IH-
'TaTb, 'ITO HpaKTHLIeCKH Ii1;eJIb OCBemeHa HeKOrepeHTHMM CBeTOM [3]. (DyHKII;HB
aHHapaTa B 3TOAI c iyqae yIpom;aeTCB H Mo)KeT 6MTb 3amicaxa B BHge (2.77).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IIpH 3TOM J[JIH Ha6JIIOgaeMoro KOIITypa CIIeITpaJIbx013 JIHHHH IIOJIy'iaei Bblpa-
fKeHHe
00 x-a+s
k (x, s) _ ~p (A) d? (t) dt,
-00 x-a-s
(2.96),
rRe (P(k) - IICTHHHbIii KOHTyp H3yiIaeMOH CHeKTpaJIbHOH JIHHHH, 'fi(t) - ((t yHK--
IJHH HCKa?KeHHSI> cueITporpac a, IIpwiei 6ygeM CtIHTaTb, TO 3Ta (YHKIiHH
yTIHTbIBaeT H BJIHfHHe ( OTOCJIOFI.
HoJlaraH B ypaBHeHHH (2.96) x = 0, Ho.Iy'IaeM J.IJIH onpegeJIe}IHH (p(),~
HHTerpaJlbxoe ypaBHeHHe
00 4-X
k (0, s) = h (s) = ~ y (X) dX ~ ~ (t) dt. (2.97);
-00 -s-a
(DyHKIiHH h(s) JIOJIaKHa 6bITb xaYIJ[exa 3KCIIepHMeHTaJIbH0, HyTeM 113MepeHlln
3aBHCHMOCTH IIHTeHCHBHOCTH B MaKCHMyMe JIHHHH OT IIIHpHHNI J1 eJIH. 3a)aHHe
3TOI3 ()yHKII;HH 3KBIIBaJIeHTHO 3aJ;aHH10 KOHTypa JIHHHH, TaE HaK IIOCJIeJJ(HHIi
o'IeHb IIpOCTO H BIIOJIHe OJ{HO3HatIHO CBH3aH C (IyHKgHeii h(s).. A.eACTBIITeJImHO,
HpO113BOJ;H Hpeo6paBoBaHHe q)ypbe ypaBHeHHH (2.96), HMeeM.
K (u, s) = 2 V27-- (D (u) T (u) siusu (2.98)
OTCIo;Ia
dK (u, s)
ds = 2 V 2-,c (D (u) W (u) cos su..
(2.99
ITUTerpIlpyn 3TO ypaBHeHHe, HMeeM
00 00
d K (u, s) du = 2 2n S (p (u) W (u) cos su du. (2.100,)
OTCIOJja, B CIIJIy COOTHOIIIeHHii:
0 0 x-0
= Y2 k (0, s) h (s);
K (u, s) du = I K (u, s) cos xu du l
co co
(u) iY (u) cos su du = 2 S p (),) ~, (s - X) dA
0 -00
IIoJlyaaeM
h' (s) = 2k (s, 0).
= 2 k (s,. 0)
TaRIIM o6pa3oM, (yxn .iun, Hpe? cTaBJIHIoigan co6oi pacrlpeJleJleHHe HH-
TeHCHBHOCTII B HOHType JI11HHH HpH 6ecxoxeiIHo MannoIi IIH3pHHe HJeJIH, paBHa.
HOJIOBHxe HpOH3BOJJ(HOI3 OT (yHHAIIH, BNpa?Ka ouIeIi 3aBHCHMOCTb HHTeHCHB-
HOCTH B MaKCHMyMe JIHHHH OT IIIHpHHbi n eJIH.
IIpH IIOMOIIJH ypaBHeHHH (2.103) or(peAeJieHHe HapaMeTpo HGCJIegyeii0Ifi
CHeKTpaJIb1OH JIHHHH CBOAHTCH H IIpOCTIiIM onepaIIHHM C G1yrn Heii h(s)..
3aMeTIIM pee BCero, WO 113 (JIOpMyJIM (2.97) cJiegyeT h(0) = 0.. HOaTOMy
IIpli MIaJIBIx S = S1, HpH yLleTe (2.103), HMeeM
h (s1) = 2slk (0, 0) = 2s1I0. (2.104),`
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Rpyroii CTOPOHbI, 113 (2,97)
h,, = h'oo) = Imo,
(2.105)
rAe I,, eCTb IIHTerpaJlbHaH IIHTeHCHBHOCTb JIHHIIH C HCKJIIOLIeHHOI3 IgeJIbIO.
,CJIejOBaTeJIbHO,
sa00 2 ho
2s, zc h (si)
(2.106)
TaKHM o6pa3oM, gJIH onpegeJIeHIIH 34(1eHTIIBHOu HIHpHHbI JIHHHH HeO6XOAH-
MO 3KCTpanOJIHPOBaTb (yHKgHIO h(s) K 6ecHOHemHO 6oJIbmOH HIIIpHHe WeiiH
II HaITH OTHOHIeHHe OPAHHaTbI h,,.K OpAHHaTe B HeKOTOpOH TOiIKe sl Ha yLiaCT-
,Ee, rJ(e CO6JIIOJ(aeTCH HPOHOPI;HOHaJIbHOCTb MexcJSy HHTeHCHBHOCTbIO B MaHcH-
MyMe JIHHHH H IHHpHHOi H;eJIH (pne. 4). 3TO OTHOIHeHHe J);aeT 3HaileHlIe b300
'B eJ[urnn aX, B KOTOpbIX 2s1 = 1 (HaIOMHHM, tITO COOTBeTCTByIOH;an HIHpIIHa
IneJIH eCTb 2s1).
h (s)
s, cr
Pic. 4. Onpege.ieiie napaMeTpoB BIHHHI3 no aaBH-
CHMOCTH HHTeHCHBHOCTH B Ma8CHMyMe OT HIHPHHN
Hgeaff
YA06HO CTpOIITb Kp1ByIO h(s) B TaHOM MacHITa6e no OCH OpAHHaT, tITO6bI
'B .HaTIaJIbHOM ytIacTiKe KPHBaH HIJia HOg yrJloM 45?. TorAa
b2hr,
2s1 nsl
IIpH HOMOIIW rpa(1HKa (y11HI(HH h(s) JIerHO HaIITH Tac ue HOJIYIIIHpHHy
JniHi H 2a. B To'IKe a, no OnpeJ(eJieHHlo,
k (a) = 2 k (0).
11p1IHII 1aH BO BH1MaHHe 3T0 yCJIOBIe H ypaBHBHHe (2.103), HaxoJ(I1M
h' (a) = 2 h' (0).
(2.107)
TO o3HagaeT, 'ITO TanreHC yrJla KacaTeJlb11oI3 B TOLIKe a c OCbIO a6ci iicc
T3 RBa pa3a Menbuie COOTBOTCTByIOHLero Tanrenca B Hailane KOOpgHHaT. EcJIH
IICHOJIb3OBaTb MaCHITa6, B KOTOpOM h'(0) = 1, TO TotKa a OHpegeJIneTCH 113
YCJIOB1131
h' (a) = 2 .
TaKIIM o6pa3o.l, J[JIH onpeReJieHHH a Hyu uo HPOBeCTH HpHMyIO, HAyMyiO Hog
yrJloM, TaxreHC KOTOporo paBeH I/2 (HyHKTHpxax npAMaa Ha PHC. 4), it no-
,CTpOIITb KaCaTeJIbHyJO K KpHBOI3 h(s), napaJIJleJlbHylo 3TOn upx-ioi . A6ci iicca
To ,um i acaHHa JAaCT BeJIHLIHHy a B TeX xce egHHIII;aX, B KOTOpbIX Bbipa?KeHa S.
Hoc.ae Toro, Kau HaIIJ[eHbI UOJIYHIHPHHa H 3( beRTHBHan IHIIpHHa JIHHHII,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
JierHO HaHTH KOHTypOM (pnc. 10). TaiaB 3aMeHa IIpIIBOAHT H OI1IH6KaM B onpe-
AeJIeHHn Beiii4nHH Imo, Jo, 6 II r, TeM 6OJlee 3HatIHTeJIbnbIM, TieM 6o iee i,D + io OTHOCII-
TeJIbH8l oIBH6Ka II3MepBHHI3 HHTCHCHBHOCTeI3 B (OTOrpa( HtlecKOM McTOAe C
pOCTOM H3MepfeMOH HHTeHCHBHOCTH CTpeMIITCH K IIOCTOHHHOMy Hpege.ly, a
B t OTO3JIOKTpwieCKOM jMeTOJje y6buBaeT'KaK .-KOpOHb KBaJjpaTHbIH H3 H3MOpn-
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B mupllny JIHnnn &(6); B HHTerpaJibByfo HHTeHC1BHOCTb I,,, (e)
OMOH IIHTOIICHBHOCTH. TaKHM o6pa3oM, C-ryCHJIOHIIeM CBOTOBOPO HOToHa,
BCTyIIaIOH.[erO B gaH11 JO CHeKTpaJIbHyIO yCTaHOBKy (HpHMHeH3MeHHbIX HPOtIHX
YCJIOBHHX) TOMHOCTb ( OTO3JIeKTpffgecHOr0 MOTOJja Bo3paCTaeT, TorJja KaK B
(fOTorpa(4HMeCKOM McTOJje 3TO HpHBOJ1TT JIHIHb H coKpaHjeHHIo 3ICHO3HI1HH,
HO He yjiytIHIaeT TOtiHOCTb H tIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb (CM. [471 1). BbIHrpLIHt B TOtI-
HOCTH H tlyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH, JjOCTHraeMblH B (OT03JIeKTpugecKOM McTO)je npH
IIOBbIBIeHHH CBeTOBoro HOToHa, 0006eHHO BeJIHK, eCJIH (OTOTOK JjJIH H3MepH-
eMOH JIHHHH i CpaBHHM C TeMHOBbIM TOKOM i0. Ho OTCIOJja CJIejjyeT Talc?Ke,
1 IJIn ( OTOrpa~nvecnoro McTOJja BLIHrpbIIH B TOYHOCTH MO f HO nOJIygnTb, nepexoAn
i 6onee AJIIIHHo(oxyCHOII KaMepe; npii 3TOM VBeJIHBHTCB nJIomaub H3o6paH(eHnH JIHHHH
0 npH (f oTOMeTpHpOBannn COOTBeTCTBenno yMeHJIIIaTCB (~JIy1TyaIHH ( oHa.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CHEHTPbI HOMBHHAIIIOHHOPO PACCEHHH$I H CTPOEHHE YPJIEBOJIOPOJIOB 87
'ITO I1pH ogenb MaJIbIx cBeTOBbIx ITOTOKaX (OTorpa4)HLIecHHH MOTOR pernCTpa-
I nn 6yj[eT o6eCHeLInBaTb 60JIbHIyIO TOIIHOCTb n3MepeHHIl, LIeM C OTO3JIeKTpH-
WCHHII McTOJI.
MbM paCCMaTpIifaJIn Bblme Ha6JIIoJZaeMble 3Ha'IeHnH IIHTeHCIIBHOCTII B HHHO
JIHIIMH. 11pn HCKJIIOLIeHHF ncHa1Kajoulero BJIIIfHHH annapaTHOR (f yHHquri II
Bo36y?HJIaiOIIZeII JiiHiII (CM. ? 2) OTHOCHTeJIbHaH omn6Ka H3MepeHHH HHTeH-
CHBHOCTeII B IInHe JIHHHR (H Tecno CB3q3aHHOH C HIIMIl mnPBHbI JIHHIIH)
BCerj[a yBeJIII'qIIBaeTCH. 4eICTBIITeJIbHO, BbIpa?KeHue Aim omn6o1 II3MepeHIIR
3TIIX BeJIFLIIH COjIepHEHT B 3HaMeHaTeJIe MHOHCnTeJIb LITO o6yCJIOB-
JrnnaeT IIx 6blcTpbIiI pOCT npn llpn6JIFTH eHIIn 8 K 8B.
PaCCMOTp1IM BOIIpOC 0 TOM, HaK 6yJtyT 3aBlICeTb Omn6KII H3MepeH14H OT
HIHPIIHbl H[eJlel'I CneKTpaJIbnoro annapaTa. 11pi (oTorpa(4IIqecKOn pernCTpa-
AHn CIICKTPOB 3aBnCIiMOCTb OL145KII OT IHPIIHbI mean ollpeAeJI$eTCH MHO-
nEUTOJIeM 1j(8 - 6B). IIpn yBe.ln`IeHHH HHIPBHbI In,eJIH pa3HOCTb 8-8,, yMeHb-
maeTCH II03TOMy eCJrn MbI He XOTIIM yBeJII'IITb omn6Ky H3MepeHHH, TO
mnpIIHa mean Ilpu cbeMKe CneKTPOB j[OJIWHa 6bITb 3Ha'InTeJIbHO McHbme
8118B.
IIpn (oTO3JIeKTpmecRol4 perncTparZnn cueHTpOB C yBeauneHneM IBUpnnbl
n eJIeil MoHoxpoMaTOpa MHO { FTeJIb 1/(8-8B) ynwJIlLIHBaeTCH, HO BcJlej];cTBne
pocTa CBCTOBOrO noTOKa BeJIHLIIIHa ti/i yMenbllaeTCFI. HO3TOMy j[OJI1HHO
CyU CCTBOBaTL OHTuMaJIbnoe 3HaLIenne mnpnHbl lUeJln. OnyCHaf BbIKJIaJJ;HU,
]PHBCJIeM npu6JIi4H eHHOe BbIpaHCeHne AJIII 3Toro OIITHMaJlbHOFO 3HaqeHHl
liInplHbI II[eJIn:
s ba+
yz (3.9)
2 2
2io/(i. + 2iq,), 8' = 8 (1- b2) ; 8B = 8B (1- &2 1 .
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Ran 6bLJIO nOHa3aHO B ? 2, )IJIH HOJIHOiI xapaKTepncTnxn JIHHBH KoM6uHa-
Ij140HHOTO paccenHn}I Heo6xoUnMo H3Mep5ITb TPn BeJIH*IaHbl: I0, I,,~ H 8, H3
COBOHynHOCTB KOTOpbIX HyTeM BblgHCJIeHHH MOT 6bITb HaHjleHbl BCTnHHhIe
3HaLIeHIIA nOJlymHpnHbl 8 a44eKTIJBHOII mupHHbI 8,,", HHTeHCIIBHOCTII B
MaICnMyMe to H noua3aTeJIH (4OpMbI JIHHIIH r. 0HIn6KH onpeAeJIeHnH IB H
I~ HeJlbBIT C*IIITaTb COBepmeHHO He3aBIICHMbIMH; Tanie ())aHTOpbl, HaK He-
TOLIHOCTb IIpOBeJjeHHH JIIIHIIH ())OHa H HIYMbI ())OHa, geHCTByIOT B o6onx CJly-
LIanx OAnHaKOBO. 1103TOMy omn6Ka onpeAeJleHnSl 8,(pcp HeMHoro MOHbme CyMMbI
omr60K I. n I,,~ n IIpH6JIH3HTeJIbHO paBHa omn6Ke onpejleJleHnu 8. f1pB
3TOM ou n6Kn Aim 6 H Sacptp TaK?He He He3aBIICHMbI, BCJIeJjCTBHe 3TOTO jI;JIfI
nona3aTejiH 4)OpMbI r = 6/8,q,)p omn6Ka He paBlla cyMMe omH60K Aim 8 B
ba(p(p, a 3HaTIIITeJIbHO MOHbme 3TOn BeJIF`IIIHbI. B Ta6JI. 2 IIpnBeAeHM om46Kn
H3MepeHHfr pa3JIHLlHb1X BapaMeTpOB JUTS HeCKOJIbnHX THnIILIHbIX JIHHHH, HaH-
j[eHHble no jlaHHbIM H3MepOHHI3 CO CIIelTpOrpa4)OM c JIH4)())paKrunoHHOn pe-
meTHOn, OnICaHHbIM Bblme. Aim xapaKTeplCTHKH OIBB60K BCIOJIY npnBOj(flT-
CII cpe',(Hne KBagpaTF'ecKHe omH6KB OTjjeJIbHOro H3MepeHHH. B HacTOFIHjen
pa60Te O6bILIHO HPOBOJIHJIOCb He McHee 10 II3MepeHIIH AJIA Ha?n on JIBHHB,
I103TOMy OmI6Kn pe3yJlbTaTa (JIJIH Ha6JIIOJIaeMhIX HapaMeTpOB) 1PHMePHO
B 3 pa3a MOHbme.
YCJIOBHH n3MepeHIIsI uOJ16npaJlnCb TaKIIM o6pa3oM, YT06bI Ha6JIloLaeMan
mHpnxa Bo36ywjaJomen JIHHHn cOCTaBJIHJIa He 6owIee 20-30 % OT Ha6JIIo-
Z(aeMOil mnpuHbl KoM6HHar[BOHHbIx JIBHIJI3. HoaTOMy omn6Ka onpeJjeJleHnH
IICTIIHHbIX BeJIILIHH HIHPHHbI H Ip, B COOTBeTCTBIIB C JIaHHbIMH Ta6JI. 2,
CoCTaBJIAeT 10 % .
Hpn cOnocTaBJIeHHH HHTeHCHnHOCTeII JI14HIII3 KoM6FHaUHoHHoro pac-
ceflHHfl Heo6xOJ;HMO y'TllTbIBaTb, Kpo e paccMOTpeHHblx Bblme armapaTHblx
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta6JIHiza 2
Omn6xn n3MepeHHH pa3aHuHbIX napaieTpOB
LLB iorexcai
2, 2-TI1MeT11.1neHTaa
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c aHTOpoB, Taixce BO3MO?ICHoe BJIHHH1Ie Ha pe3yJlbTaTbl H3MepeHHii pa3JIniIHOii
cTeneIH genoJIHpn3al(Hn cpaBHHBaerbix JIHHHI3, pa3JIH'Ine TeMnepaTypbl o6pa3-
I;OB npH 113MepeHHHx, a Taic e pa3JIHTIHe MOJIeHyJIHpnorO Beca H DJIOTHOCTII
epaBHHBaeMbIX BOII1eCTB (cm., HanpnMep [1,511). BJinxnne IlepBblx AByx t aH-
TOpOB MbI HCHJIIOLIaJTH, COOTBeTCTBeHHO npHMOHHH npH B036y1+AeHHH CnelTpOB
BceCTOponnee o6JipIeHlie COCyAOB C IIccJIeAyeMbJMH Bel1,eCTBaMn n IIpOI43BOAR
cieMxy BcerAa HPH OAHOR H TOR ?He TeMnepaType (cm. [11). IIepexoA OT Heno-
cpeACTBeHHO H3Mep3ieMbIX 3Ha'IeHHR IIHTeHCHBHOCTen, 110 yCJI0BIHM n3Mepe-
HHH OTHOCHII I1XCH H eAHHHIke 06,beMa pacceHBaIouIerO BeiiLecTBa, H HHTeHCHB-
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(3.10)
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I - HHHTeHCHBHOCTb Ha eAHHHI1y paccenBaioII ero o6'beMa, I'- HHTeHCHBHOCTb
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corJiacno 3TOi3 4JOpMyJle, T. e. OTHecennbie H 1 e ?.4fOAb paccenBaiou ero Be-
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ii ero cBeTa OTHOCIITeJIbHO 'IaCTOTLI 3JIeKTpOHHbIX nepeXOAOB. 3TOT BOnpOC
6yAeT paCCMOTpeH B riT. VI.
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6bIJIH npegmeTOM MHorogHCJIeHHbIX HCCJIeAOBaHHR, Ha1IHHan c MOMeHTa OTHpbI-
TnH HOM6HHaIJnoHIioro pacCenHun CBeTa H AO HaCTOHjgero BpeMeHH, ,JIH HO-
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TeJIbHbIR yHeT pa3JIHiIHbIX HCHa;HaJoJIJnx (JaHTOpOB 11 Co6JHOAeHHe pHAa yCJIO-
BnR, Hpe1HAe BCero, CBeT, B036y?HAaIOII;nR HOM6HHaAmonHoe paccesHne, AOJI-
HSeH naJaTb nepneHAHHyJIHpHO H HanpaBJIeHHIO Ha6JIIoAeHnn (oCH cocyAa)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CIIEHTPbI KOMBHHAIIIIOHHOPO PACCEFIHHH H CTPOEHHE YPJIEBOJZOPOJ[OB 89
B o IIOH OHpeJ;eJIeIIHOH IIJIOCKOCTIU, a paCCeRHHblll CBOT j[ojnKeH BbIXOJ[HTb 113
cocypa y3I1IM HyiIKOM, OCb KOTOpOTO COBnaAaeT C OHTHTIecKOU OCbIO
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HnfiX OT HHX OUIIi6Kii eIlje OTieHb MaJIbI. Tan, no JAaHHbIM Ra6aHBa it Pycce
[52]. Bpi anepType B036ymAaIoIUero ny1ina 0,1 nonpaBOiIHbIII'IJIeH AJI$I CTe-
HeHI1 J[ enoJ1RpI13aW1I1 cocTaBJIHeT He 60Jiee 0,003. BTOpoII nOHpaBOTIHbHII TIJIeH,
CBn3aHHbIII C BeJIUTInnoII anepTypbl nygna pacceannoro cBeTa, upn rJly6nae
paccellBaIOHuerO coCyAa 6 c.hG cocTaBJIneT He 6OJiee 0,002. TanHM o6pa3oM,
o6e BonpaBnn MaJIbI no epaBHeHnIO c omii6KaMU u3MepeHnn.
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HYIO pOJIb npH HpHMeHeHIIH cueKTporpaOa c HecnoJIbnHMU npn3MaMn nrpaeT
HeoJjHHa'OBOe ocJIa6Jlexlie KoMHOneIIT pacceannoro cBeTa BcJIeACTBne oTpa-
neHIiII lia Hpn3MaX cneKTporpa(la. HanoHeg, gag HoJIytIeHnH HpaBHJIbnoro
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K 3Ha'11ITeJIbHOMy naAeHUlo UHTOHCHBHOCT14 paCCOHHHoro CBeTa, TITO BbI3bIBaeT
pOCT 3nCHOWAIIH B 10-20 (II 60JIee ) pa3 no CpaBHOHHIO c o6bITIHO HpHMeHue-
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CHJIbHI,IX McTOjkh1K 113MepeHHn CTeueHH Aeu0Jlap1I3aAuB. B 3TIIX HOHbITKaX
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uepiieH1(HKyJInpHOil K ocu cocyAa. B 3TOM McTo e 06bITIHO c0CyJA C nCCJIej[yeMb1M
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cocyj[a, it AeJIaIOT CooTBeTCTBennO JABa CHUMKa [54, 551. L,aHHbIII McTOA oco6enno
1 eJieCOo6pa3eii Bpi 4)OT03JIenTpn'lecnof1 perncTpalWnn C11eHTpOB, rAe upeHMy-
n ecTBa, AoCTaBJIaeMble oAHOBpeMeHHOII peruCTpauneli o6enX noMUoneiT
pacceannoro cBeTa, Bee paBxo OTnaJ[aIOT.
2. HpnMeuenne IIHJIIIHgpu'ecKnx Jinn ()OKyCnpyIOHUX CBOT pTyTHbIX
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JIHHIpHTleCKnM JIH113aM), CHHSnaOT Tpe60BaHnn K orpanunenino a1OPTYPbI B
HaTpaBJIeHnII, HepneHjjhRyJIHpHOM n ocu cocyjxa HOJIygaeMbie B 3TOM McToJe
3Ha'lenBu CTeHeHH genOJIHpH3aI[IIH PHa6n o6bITIIIo OTJInTIaIOTCH BCe ?He OT
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B HaCTOBHIeH pa60Te npH upOBeTeHHU u3MepOHUH CTeuellli jWWHOJIHpli3aIWHH
iiac IIHTepeCOBaJIO B HepByIO OTIepejb nOJIy'IOHHe TOTIHbIX giiciieHHbix 3Ha-
TlennH 3T0rO HapaMeTpa AJIH OTIOBb CIIJIbHO noJlnpu3OBaHHblx JIHHHn HoM61i-
IIaIuuOIIHoro pacCenHHH, COOTBeTCTByIOUJ1IX HOJIHOCHMMeTpnTIHbIM KOJIO6aHHHM
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MOPJIU HpnMOHHT1 TO MOTOT[bI H3MepeHHH, B HOTOpbIX PHCT H 0Ha6at B o611aCTH
MaJIbIX 3Hag1e1114n PHCT MOT CnJIbHO paCXOJUTbCn, Tan nan HPH 3TOM
(',ITJIbHO Bo3pociia 6m OHIH6na H3MepeH11H. HeO6XOj[HMOCTb CIIJIbHOPO orpa-
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B03MONCIibiM n('HOJIb3OBaH14e ())OT03JICnTpu'ecnoro MOTOAa perHCTpar[HH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
II03TOMy MM ocTaHOBHJIHCb IIa ( oTorpa4llI'IecKoM BapIiaHTe McToga I33Mepe-
HHI3 C OAHOBpeMeHHOii C'beMK0i3 o6enx KOMHOHeHT paCCeHHHOrO eBeTa.
B pa6oTe 6biJI HCHOJIb3oBaH AByxnpH3MeHHbII3 CIIeKTporpac) iyopecuipyion;erO BeI1eCTBa (CM. [11). HpH 3TOM BMOCTO IIOJIHpH3au11OHH0Ii
CHCTeMbI IIepeg H;OJIbIO ycTaxaBJIHBaJIC$I CTyneHiIaTbIII oc3Ia611TeJIb. 3KCIIO311-
II,IIH npH HaneceHHH MapoK HoilepneHHII 6iIJia B 10-20 pa3 MenbHle, iieM npH
c'beMne cleITpOB. 3anoxxoCTb Tanoro H311Ie11e1114c BpeMeHH 3KCno3HAHH JIJISI
IIpHMenlIBmmHxcsI HaMH (DoTo1JIaCT14HOK HpoBepJIJlacb CIIeWIaJIbHbIMII OHbITaMH.
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icorga o6e cpaBHnsaeMble noMIIOHeHTb1 JIe?KaT B Oj1;HOII H TOR me o6JIaCTII IIO'Iep-
HeHHii, pa311n a BpeMeHH 3RCII03HAH11 j(JIH CIIHMKOB CHeKTpoB H MapoK HMeeT
McHblUee 3HaTieHnIe, iieM npH o6bigHblX II3MepeHHHx HHTeHCHBHOCTeIt JIIIHIII3.
H03TOMy MM C1 TaeM, "ITO npH CHCTeMaTH'IeCHoM KoHTpo ie (no cnenTpy CC14)
3a CLIeT yna3annoro o6CTOIITeJIbCTBa He BHOCHJIHCb OIIIH6K11 B IIOJIy'aeMble
pe3yJlbTaTbl.
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Ha cnel1HaJIbH& X IIJIaCTHHKax j1;JI1i HccJIeAOBaHIISI CIIeKTpOB Ko1116HHaII;11Onxoro
paccenHHH 4I1IpMU . aRCH03111;IMH COCTaBJIHJIa OT 2-4 j>,o 20-40 ~IacOB.
IOTOMeTp1pOBaHHe IIpOH3BOjI,14JIOCb Ha MnIpO(IOTOMeTpe Mcb-2, KOTOpMI3 6bIJI
HaMH IIpeBpalAeH B caMoperHCTp1lpytomITll IIpu6op, C 3aII4CbIO cnenTpa Ha
caioniici>;e.
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3yHCb AelOJIHpH3OBaHHbIM11 JIHHHFIMH 3TOrO BeMeCTBa 217 11 313 cAt-1, MbI
HaIIIJIH K034(HAHOHT OCJIa6JIeHHH T -noMIIOHeHTbl IIo CpaBHeHHIO C a-KOMIIOHeH-
TOIi B HameH yCTaHOBne, paBHOl 2,70. Ha 3TOT K0344nII,HeHT j[eJIHJIOCb HaXO-
jl;IiMOe H3 H3MepeH11ll OTHOIIIeHHe IIHTBHCIIBHOCTeH KOMIIOHeHT a n ^, IIPIITIeM
HHKalie j>;pyrie IIOIIpaBKI1 B IIOJIVTIaeMble 3Ha'eHHH p He BBOqIIJIHCb. HOJIyileH-
TIMe gaHHble yCpej[HHJIHCb HO HeCKOJIbKHM (Ha Menee Tpex) cHHMKaM. B pnZ[e
c:Iy'aeB IIpO113BOj[HJIOCb Tai?Ke HOBTOpHOe (OTOMeTpnpOBaHHe CHIIMKOB.
B Ta6JI. 3 COHOCTaBJIeHbl noJly'eHHble AaHHbTe j(JIH HeCKOJIbKHX CHJIbHO
H0.'1HpH30BaHHbix JIHHHII C Ha16ojiee Hajl;e?KHbIMH JIHTepaTypnbIMII AaHHbIMH.
Rai: MOHCHO BHAeTb, Ha1IIH gaHHble xopoino corJlacyloTCH c jl;aHHbIMH j;pyrex
anropoB. 06pan>;aeT BHIIMaHHe, iITO J);annble [601 jJ;JIH CHJIbHO IIOJIHpH3OBaH-
HbIX JIHHHII, KaK IIpaBHJIO, HeCKOJIbHo 3aBbIIIIeHbT, "ITO CBH3aHO, 110-BHRHMOMy,
C 1Ie,JOCTaTKaMn McTOJHKH 113MepeHHH, IIpnMeHHBIneIICH B yKa3aHHbIX pa6o-
Tax.
I Heo6xoj(HMO, HOHei1HO, yYHTbIBaTb, 'ITO 06e KOMnoIIeHTbi JIIIHIIH KOM6NnalTIloIIHOro
paccenllna HaxoJ.[HTCH Ha HenpepblBlioM (]lone, KOTOpbI3 06bw'qHO caa6o IIOJIHpI13OBaH. IIo-
9TOMy AJIH ypaBHHBaiTna no'epxeHHLI J]HHnkt HeT Haj(o6nOCTn yMexbnlaTb IIHTeHCHBROCTb
7t-KOMIIOIle1ITbT B TOMHOM COOTBCTCTBFIH C noJIBpH3aUIleil caMHx JIHHBIi.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IIpH IICCJIeAoBaHHH CneHTPOB HOM6HHaI.[HOHHOro pacceHHIna B o6JIaCTH
BaTIeHTHbIX HOJIe6aHHII CH MUI HCII0JIb3oBaJIH B HeI(OTOpbIX c iylIanx Tax)Ire
CneITpaJIbHbIII npu6op c gH(paHAuoHmH pemeTHOI3, OHHCaHHbII3 B ? 3 (c ()o-
TO3JIeHTpIItIeCHOII perHOTpawieli CneHTpoB). IIpH 3TOM J[JIH B036yH6AenHH
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Ta6 iHga 3
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.HTepaTypHbIMH J{aHHbIMH
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217
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[53, 59]
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[60, 58]
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0,84
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0,87
0,79
0,88
0,86 *
0,04
0,05
0,07
0,04
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0,05
0,70
0,79
0,77
0,10
0,07
0,18
0,13
0,37
0,32
0,08
0,07
0,09
CTOHHHoro Toia, a MOgyJISII I1J1 CBeTOBOro nytHa OC McCTBJIFIJIacb HyTeM Bpa-
IAeHHH noJIHponJ{Horo AHCHa, yCTaxoBJlexxoro nepeJ; uieJIbIO. B 3THx yCJIOBHHx
nepeMeHHan COCTaBJIHIOH[aa (OTOTOHa H, cJIeJ{OBaTeJIbxo, Ha6JuoJ[aeMb1u CHr-
HaJI Hponopl[HOxaJIbxbI pa3HOCTH 11HTendHBHOCTeI3 T- II 6-HOMHOHeHTbI pacceHH-
HOrO CBeTa. H03TOMy OHa3aJIOCb B03MO1HHbIM HOJIygllTb HOBbIII THII CIIeHTPOB
HOM6HHaAI40HHoro paCCeHHIISI - CHeHTpbI, B HOTOPbIX C HOJIHOH IIHTeHCIIB-
HOCTbIO HpegCTaBJIeHM IIOJIJIpH3OBaHHble JIIIHHII, a JSe1OJITIpH3OBaHHble JIH-
HHH yCTpaHeHbl (TO'IHee, EX HHTeHCHBHOCTb OTIeHb CHH1HeHa). HaIIOMHHM, 'ITO
IIpu ( IOTorpa(w eCHOIi peruCTpaiiiu CIIeKTPOB JIJII3 HPH o6bI'IHbix McTogax
MOAyJIIII[IIII CBeTOBOro Hy'IHa HaJ[JIeH(an1,aH yCTaHOBHa (Henn) Bl1 HOro) HoJIII-
polHJ;a IIepeR ll eJIbIO IIO3BOJISIeT JIerHO IIOJIy'IHTb cneHTporpaMMbi (COOTBeT-
CTByIOIIjHe O-HOMIIOHeHTe paccenHHoro CBCTa), Ha HOTOPbIX IIOJIHyIO HHTexCHB-
HOCTb HMeIOT AeIIOJIHPH3OBaHHUIe JIHHHH. Bo3MO5HHOcTb YCTpaHHTb 143 cneI{Tpa
LiaCTb JI11HHi3, IIOJIb3y}ICb HX pa3JIHiJHOII H0JIfip113aIJHeII, npeACTaBJIHeT 60JIb-
IHHe BbIrOJ[bi B Tex cJIyLIafix, Hor a Hy3HHO II OBeCTH II3MepeHII31 HHTeHCHBHO-
CTe.YI 6JIH3H0 paCIIOJIO1HeHHbIX ('IacTHiIHO nepeHpbTBaiomHXCn) JIIIHIIII, o6JIaJ[aio-
n;IIx pa3HOYI CTenexblo J( eIIOJIIIpu3aAnH. IIoAo6HbII3 CJlytial3 HMeeT MeCTO J1JIII
JIHHHII B o6JIaCTII BaJIeHTHbIX HOJIe6aHHIl CH, J;JIFI HOTOpbIX OnHCaHHbIII McTOJI.
HCCJIeAOBa1IIIH B OCHOBHOM IIaMH H npHMeHSIJICH.
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pemeHHrl BeHOBbIX ypaBHeHHi3 Ha aJIeETpOHHOI3 CveTHOI3 MamnHe
CyMeCTByIOB;He B HaCTOFIHUee BpeM5I McTOAbI paCileTa TiaCTOT w HOJIe6aHnli
MOJIOHyJI B npeJ[IIOJIOSHeHHH rapMOHH'IHOCTH HoJIe6aHHII IIPHBOAFIT H paCCMOT-
r'eHHIO BeHOBOro ypaBHeHHH
ID - w21s I = 0.,
( i?1)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CIIEKTPbI HOMBHHAII;HOHHOPO PACCEKHHH H CTPOEHHE YPJIEBOAOPOAOB 93
D = A?B (5.2)
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B3aHMOAelICTBHH, E - eAHHIiTIHan MaTpiI);a. McTOAHKa pacileTa Koa44iiw'ieH-
TOB7MaTpI1J1 D, A, B pa3pa6oTaxa EJIbaHIeB1I ell H CTeraHOBbibl [6, 7, 151-
1531 it HoApo6Ho onucaHa B MoHOrpac uri [8] 1. OgHaKO, HecMOTpH Ha HpOCTO-
Ty MaTeMaTllileCKOII 3aAag1i, 11oJIb3yaCb o6blliHbIMU McTOAaM1I cgeTa yAaeTCH
peulaTb KOJIe6aTeJlbHYlO 3aga'Ty JIH6o AJIH MOJIeKyJI HpOCTellllero CTpoeHHH,
Jll16o Heo[paBAaliHO yrpoman ucxo Hble ypaBHeHHH, CBOAH ypaBHeHHH BbICO-
KOro HopHAKa K HecKOJIbKHM ypaBHeHHHM 6oJiee HH3KOrO iop}AKa. 3TO CBH-
3aHO C Tell, "ITO peuleHHe ypaBHeHHH (5.1) AJIH CKOJIbKO-HI16yAb CJIO?KHbIX
110JIexyJl oKa3bIBaeTCH ilpe3BbIiIafIHO TpyAOeMKHM AeJIOM, iipaKTHgecKH HeBbI-
IIOJIIIIIMbIM Hp1l HCHOJIb3OBaH11II pylIHbIX McTOAOB C>3CTa. Pa3BHTHe 6bICTpO-
JJeiiCTByIOU);IIX 3JIeKTpoxxbIX CMCTHEIX MaIHHH He To2IbKO HOJIHOCTbIO pa3pe-
ulaeT Hpo6JieMy BbIgIICJIeHHH KOpHel BeKOBbIX ypaBneHHH, HO H03BOJIHeT oCy-
11IeCTBIITb Iiag0CTBeHHO HOBbIH 1OAXOA K 3aAaqe o KOJIe6aHHHX CJIO?KHbIX MO-
JIeKyJI - 3JIOKTpOHHaI MamHIHa MO?KeT Calla COCTaBJIHTb BeKOBEIe ypaBHeHHH,
COOTBeTCTByIOH[ue TeM win uHblM MOJIeKyJIaM, `ITO IipallHe 3aTpyAHHTeJIbHo
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a.leKTpoHHoii CileT110Ii MaIHHHO B3CM AH CCCP. BBHAy clleL IlcI)HKH pa60TbI
Ha 3JIeKTpOHHOH BbhIHCJIHTeJIbHOII MaHIHHe HpHMeHeHHe ee AJIH pelueHHH AaH-
TlOii 3aAwiu HpOaHAe Bcero H0Tpe60BajiO THnaTeJIbH0r0 paCCMOTpeHHH Cyu);eCT-
ISylolqllX McTOAOB pe1HeH11H ypaBHeHHH (5.1) C II;OJIbIO Bb16opa TeX 113 IHiX, KOTO-
pbie HaIlJIy`IUiltll 06pa30M peaJIH3yIOTCH Ha Mam1HHe [1561. HaH60Jiee yAo6-
HbIlH1 McTOAaMH1 peuIellllH BeIOBOro ypaBHexux oKa3aJIllcb MOTOR uaxllJIeB-
ctiorO (cll., HaupllMep, [1571) 11 HpeAJIoweHHbIII EJIbnmleBlIneM HMeTOA 110-
cJreAOBaTeJIbHOii AHarouaJ1H3aIHH> [1581 (CM. Tauwe Moxorpac iuo [81). B Me-
Toje uaH1IJIeBCKOrO BeKOBOe ypaBHeHHe (5.1) CB0;[HTCH BHaHaJle K IIOJIHHOMY,
a 3aTell HpOBOAHTCH OTbicKaHHe KopHeH 3TOro HOJIHHOMa. McTOA AaHHJIeBCKO-
ro o6eCHe'illBaOT cpaliHHTeJIbHO 6OJIblIIyIO TO'IHOCTb BbhIHCJicini I H AaeT B03-
MO?KHOCTb aBTOMaTU-IeCK11 pa3AeJIHTb KOJIe6aHUH HO TimaM CHMMeTpH11, qTO
B pxAe cdlytIaeB HPH peuleHHH paccMaTphIBaeMOil 3aAagh HpeACTaBJIHeT 60JIb-
IHyIO 1[eHHOCTb. HeAOCTaTKOM McTOAa 4aHHJIeBCKOro HBJIHeTCH TO, "ITO B HeM
3aTpyTkHL1TeJIbHO OTbicKaHHe 6J1113IMX KopHell. McTOA HOCJIeAOBaTeJIbHOii AHa-
roHaJIH3agHi1 He IIMeeT yKa3alnloro HeAOCTaTKa, B HeM 6e3 KaKHX-JIII60 3a-
TpyAlleHHll HoJIyHalOTCH BCe KOpHII BeKOBOrO ypaBHeHHH. OAHaHo McTOA HocJle-
AOBaTeJibHOIi AHaroHaJII13a11;IIH HpH peaJI113aI);HH ero Ha MaHIHHe oKa3aJICH
6oaee rpOM03AKHM H McKee 6bICTpbIM, 'IOM McTOA )AaHIIJIeBCKoro.
11porpaMMbI2, peaJlu3yIOII(IIe McTOA 1aHl1J1eBCKOrO H MOTOR nocJIeAOBa-
TOJIbIOII AuarOHaJIH3a1juII, HBJIHIOTCH cTaHAapTHbIMH, T. C. AollyclcaloT peuie-
HHe Ho HHa1 ypaBHeHtlii JIIo6oro HopxAKa Ao 27-FO BKJIIOglTexblIo (HpeAeJib-
111,1 HOp1TAOK OHpe/eJIHeTCH O6-beMOM KuaMHTIIN MaIHHHbI). BpeMH, Heo6xoAlI-
MOe AJIH peuicilIin, IIaipiMep, ypaBlleHHH 11-ro HOpagua no McTOAy uaHu-
.IIeBCKOrO paBHHeTCH 25-27 cei .; HpH 3TOM BbIBOAHOe yCTpOIICTBO MauII1HhI
1 JKBHBaJIeIITHan MCTOAilxa pa3pa6oTauua TaHSxe BIulbcox0M II ero COTpyJjHHHaMH
1151, 1551, oJ{BaKO B olly6JTI1KOBautIbTx HMH pa6oTax He HpHBOIHTCH pac IeTHble CXeMbI,
0110111 11 Ba1HtIble ;Aux IIpaKThlHeCKHX HpilMeHCIIHYI MCTOJjUKH?
2 BCII pa60Ta no HpOrpaMMIIpOBaHHIO Ti pemeunio ypaBHeHHQ Ha 3JIeTTpOHHOiu CTIeTHOIi
MaIHH1Ie 6bwwia BbIHOJIHCHa P. R. 110,jJI0B'IeBKO. R H0JIb3yhOCb CJIy'iaeM HpIrHeCTH CII 3JjCCh
r.iy60Kyio 6JIar0JjapIIOCTb 3a CUTpyJjHHHeCTBO B pa60TC TI IjCHHyIO HOMOHjb.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BbIJJaeT oTnegaTaHJIM l 3HatIe1IIH Ho3(4II414eHTOB xapaHTepHCTIItiecI or&
IIOJIIIHOMa 11 BceX ero HOpneu.
IIpii cOCTaBJIennll BeHOBbIX ypaBHeHHfi JJJIJI pa3JIIIMIHLIX MOJIeICyJI 6biJia
nclOJlb3oBana meTogIIHa, pa3pa6oTaHHasl EJIbfTmeBIItIeM H CTenaHOBNM
[6-8, 151-153]. Ko3((HIineHTbI HnIIeMaTII'Iecxoro B3aIMOAeyICTBJIfi BbIiInC-
JIJIJIHCb HO Ta6JIIIIJaM EJIblIIIeBniIa, IIp1BeJJenHbIM B [8]. 4.m Ho3d411nIIeHTOB
JJHHaMIItlecKoro B3aIIMOj{eIicTBIISI 6bJJla npnIISITa cncTeMa 3Hailennll, ycTanoB-
JleHHan JJJIH napac HHOB B IJHTIIpOBaHHLIX BLIIIIe pa6oTax, a HMeHHO
KQ=7,02; Kq=8,08; Ka=0,71; Kp=0,92; K,=1,1;
h = 0,05; H = 0; laa = lap = lpp = - 0,035; Ap = 0,43; as = ap - 0,35;
A,=0,43; m=0,12; n=-0,02.
(06o3Hatielinn CM. B [8], T. I.)
OCTaJIbHble HOa44n4IIenTbl 06bIMHO CtIIITaIOTCsI paBHbIMH nyJHo. B xot e
pa60Tbi 6bIJIa CJJeJiaHa nonbITHa npOBepIITb 3T0 IIpegnoJlo}HeHHe B OTHOIIIeili n
HeHOTOpb1X Hoa44nJJneIITOB, a Tai ice Ha[ITII 3Hailenne HeCHOJIbHIIX H0344II-
J J1eHTOB, cneIJII(ntIHhIX JJJIJI paccMaTpHBaeMbIx MoJIeIyJJ, B TOM 'IIICne JJJIfI
HeHOTOpbIX IIOBOpOTHJIX 113OMepOB.
B npoiJecce pa60TbI BbIRCHIMIaCb TaHxce Heo6xoJJIIMOCTb HCCHOJIbHO BnJJO-
n3MeHnTb McTOJJHHy COCTaBJIeHHH BeJOBbIX ypaBHeHi4h, peHOMeHgyeMylo, Ha-
IIpIIMep, B [8]. 3TII II3MeHCHIIII o6ycJIOBJIeiIJA cneIJ HJJHHof pemeHIIH BeKOBbIX
ypaBHeanIl Ha 3JIeKTpoHHoi C'IeTIIOH Mamnne [159, 160].
[Ipii COCTaBJIeHIH BeHOBLIX ypaBHernI i noiIyilajlncb 0TJ[eJlbno MaTpn1 a
H0344HIJIIeHTOB HnneMaTnilecHOro B3aIIMoJ[e}ICTBIISI A H MaTpliga AIIHaMnTIe-
CHIIX H03((HljneHTOB B. MbI CiInTaJIH HeII;eJlecoo6pa3HbIM ICIIOJIb30BanHe?
1OJIHbIX H0344IIIJHeHTOB B3aIIMOJJeHCTBn5I, HaJ 3T0 pexoMeHgyeTCfi B [8].
,LeHcTBHTeJIbao, BhIroJJa, JJoCTIIraeMafi IIpH HCHOJIb3oBaHnn IIOJIHbIx HO344H-
IJneHTOB B3a1MOJJeiICTBII1, COCTOHIIjaH B yCTpanennn onepalJHH nepeMHOllie-
nmI MaTpHIJ A H B, IIpn IIplMeHeHIIH 3JIeHTpOHHbuX C'IeTHbIX Mamlul COBep-
IHeIIHO HeCynJeCTBeHHa. 14CnOJIb3oBaHne ,He CIIMMeTpIIJIHbIX MaTpIU A II B
BMeCT0 HeCIIMMeTpn'IHOI3 MaTPIIIJLI IIOJIHLIX HOat 4I4JJneHTOB B3aRMoJJe)'ICTBHH
D npeJJCTaBJIneT 60JIbMI4e IIpeIIMyIIJeCTBa, 1103BOJIFIA y1POCTIITb BeCb XOJJ
pactleTa.
MbI BIIIpOHO IICIIOJlb30BaJIn BO3MO?HHOCTb 6JIOtiHoro IIOCTpCeHIIfT MaTPIIIJ
A ii B, 06yCJIOBJleHHylo TeM, 'ITO n3y'aeMble MOJIeHyJlbi yrJIeBOJJopo) oB
(B nepByIO OtlepeJJb napa()IIabl) COCTOFIT H3 XapaHTepabIX rpynn aTOMOB, tIIICJIO
TIIIIOB HOTOpbIX HeBeJIIIHO. I#a i aH 6JI0H-MaTpJIr a XapaHTepl3yeT B3anMo-
JJeHCTB1je HoJIe6aTeJIbHLIX HOOpJJHHaT BHyTpII yRa3aHHbIX rpynn, IIJIH JJByX
coceJJHHx rpynn, IIJIH JJByX rpynn, MeacjJy HOTOpLIMII pacnoalo?Hena TpeTbH
rpynria; OCTaJibable 6JIOH-MaTpnIJbI HnneMaTIItlecxnx H J(HHaMIItIecKnx Ho3(f-
([)HJ HeHTOB paBHbI nyJIIO. Ilpil IIepexo e OT OJJHOII MoJIeKyJIb! H JJpyroii B pxJJy
6JI113RIIX McSHJJy co6oI coeJJIIHenHIi, a TaH?He, HanpnMep, OT OJJHOro nOBOpOT-
Horo II3oMepa H JJpyroMy, 6JIOH-MaTpnlJbl OCTaIOTCJI HeH3MeI HbJMII man MeH IIOT-
Cn IIe3HatimTeJlbno. HO3TOMy OJJan n Te me 6JIOH-MaTpJIJbI BXOJJJIT BO MHorne
ypaBneHIIH. geJlecoo6pa3HOCTb ytieTa noJJo6Ho-~)I KnepnoJJn1IHocTB) BeHOBbIX
ypaBHeHIIii 6bIJIa ylcaaasa B pa6oTax [8, 1531. ;)TO CBOIICTBO BCHOBbIX ypaBHe-
Hnii MO}HeT 6MTb IICIIOJIb3oBaIIo OCO6eHHO 34XPeKTHBHO IIpH IIp}MeHeHIIn CHM-
McTpIILIHbIX MaTpHII.
[Ia11in 6bIJIH COCTaBJICIIbI 6JIOH-MaTpI1JbI H03(J(Jlln HeJTOB HIIHeMaTntlecioro
133auMOJJerJCTBITJ n JJIIHaMIItleclcnx HO344nrJneHTOB JJJIH BamHeHITIJX XapaHTep-
IIbix rpynn, BXOJJnllIIX B COCTaB napa(nnOB H Ha(TeHOB. 4aHHMe 6JIoH-MaT-
pil4bI 6bIJI1I ynpouJeHbI nyTeM ytieTa npn6Jln?HeIIHOH CIIMMeTpnH rpynn CH2 II
CH3. Ynpoll eHne IIpOBOJJIIJIOCb HpH IIOMOIIj1 3JIeMenTapnbix onepaiJniI Co
CTp0HaMII II CToa61JaMn, 3HBHBaJIeHTHbIX HCHOTOpbIM OpTOrOHaJIblIbIIM npeo6-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
pa30Baiili,m (CM [8], T. 1). 8Tn onepal[nn CBOJ(FITCFI K CJIO?H IIII10 II BbILIHTaHIiIO
CTpOK H CTOJI6IIOB, yMH05KeHHbIX Ha HeKOTOpble Hoz) 4HIweHTbl, npH'IeM BcerAa
HCHOJIb3oBa.IIICb HOpMIIpOBaHHble Ko344HAIMITYbl. Hpii yHa3aHHbIX Hpeo6pa-
3oBaHIIflx aBTOMaTI'IeCKII ncHJIIo Iaimcb KJIIIIIIHne)> KoopAIIHaTbi. HOCJle IIp0-
BeJ[ennn npeo6pa3oBannui oco6en io IIpOCTOH B11A IIpno6peTalOT AnarOHaJlbHbie
6JIoK-MaTpiiI bl. OcTaJlbHbie 6JIOK-MaTpniib1 TaJHfe ynpou aioTCn, OgHaHO He
CTOJIb cyH[eCTBeHHO, n60 Bb16op Hpeo6pa3OBann i OnpeAeJlfleTC1 Cn111MeTpIIeII
AnarOHaJIbIJbIX 6JIOK-MaTpI1 . OTMeTIIM, 'ITO B xoAe npeo6pa3oBaHn4 MaTpHIL 11
npn nocJleRyiounx onepaw inx Hnxaxnx npene6pea eiiilii KoaC))I nljneHTaMII
Ile npOH3BOAHJIOCb.
14CnoJIb30BaHHe IIpeABapHTeJIbHO ynpoMeHHMx 6JIOK-MaTp111 3Ha'1IITe.'Ib
HO o6JIer'IaeT COCTaBJieIIIIe BeKOBbIX ypaBHeHIIn H IIOCJieAyioii iii yneT TO'IHO1
CHMMeTpnn MOJIeKyJIbI. B TO x;a aMepHKaHCKHX aBTO-
poB [92-94], CHeKTpbl KOM6HHaI[HOHHoro pacceiHHH HpH HoHHHCeHHII TeMHe-
paTypbl CTaHOBHTCJI 3HatIHTeJIbHO Hpoige - B HHx HCtIe3aeT p5R JIHHHA BCJIeJ -.
CTBHO KB1iIMOpa}KHBaHHB> HeCTa6HJIbHbIX H30MepOB. B TBepJ>;oM COCTOBHHH CO-
xpaHHIOTCH JIHHIb JIHHHH egHHCTBeHHoro, Ha116oJlee CTa6HJIbxoro II3oMepa.
B CJIytIae HopMaJIbHbIx Hapa()HHOB TaIHM HaJ6oJlee yCTofllTHBbIM 113oMepoM,
cOr3aCHO J;aHHbIM peHTreHOCTpyfTypHoro aHaJIH3a, HBJIBCTCH H3OMep, HMeIO-
MHA HOH[ Hrypa1 io HJIOCKOA paCTHHyTOA 3Hr3aroo6pa3HOFf 1 eroinw (Tpaxc-
KOH(1HrypauHH; H3OMep C 3TOA HoH(JHrypauuIeA MMI B ga3bHeAmeM 6ygeM Ha-
3bIBaTb ((OCHOBHbIM) ). IJIH IIpoCTeAHIero uapacjnlla, o611agami ero IIOBOpOT-
HbIMH II3oMepa1Vlm H. 6yTaxa, BbIBOAbI, HOATBepxcgalomn0 Tpaxc-KoIIC Hrypa-
uIIIO 1430Mepa, CTa6HJIbHoro B TBepJ;OM COCTOHHHH, MoryT 6HITb CAe3IaHLI Ha
oCHOBaHHH paCtleTa 1IaCTOT pa3JTIFIHbIX 143oMepOB (CM. [1591).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CHEKTPbI KOMBHHAIIHOHIIOI'O PACCEHHHH II CTPOEHHE YPJIEBOAOPOJjOB 1o9
jaHHble AJIH JIIUHn1I B o6JIaCTII BaJIOHTHbIX IIOJIHOCHMMeTpIIHHbIX IiOJle6a-
HLIIS geno IKIl p5Aa nopMaJIblbIX napa(HHOB B TBepAOM COCTOHHIi1I no n3Mepe-
HHH.1I MITB;yInnMa H COTPYAHHKOB [90] HpiiBeAeHbI B HOCJIeAHeii Ho.IOnRe
Ta6J1. 8. 9TH AaHHble HoKa3bIBaIOT, i1TO igaCTOTa BaJIelITHbIX HOJIxocI11 McTp'ILI-
Hblx KoJIe6anllii 1];enogHII TpaHc-n3oMepa c yAJII1HeniteM i enoilKll dHailaJla
IIeCKOJIbKO yBeJIHPIHBaeTCB, a 3aTeMI (HaiIHxan c H. reKCaHa) oCTaeTCH HOnTH
HOCTOHHHOIi, KOJIe6JIfBCb OKOJIO 3HaileHHH 890 cm-1 (pile. 13, a). ZIaCTOTbI HO-
JIe6aIHLi TOl'() iKe Tuna Y ApyrIIX H3o111epOB, HMeiOMIIXCH B ?KHAKOl O1a3e, JIe)KaT
I11iiKe, ileM y HJIOCKOrO Tpaxc-113oMepa.
IIpHBOAHMble B Ta6a. 8 RaIIHbie HOKa3bIBaIOT HeCOCTOHTeJIbHOCTb ((npaBll-
'111 HyJIbCanuu iiaCTOT)), BbIABJIHyTOrO ROJIbpaymle1 1711. CorJ1acio 3TOMY npa-
B1IJIy, AJIH ocxoBHOro 113oMepa (c TpaHc-K01I4HrypaI);Hei'I) IIaCTOTa HOJIHOCIIMMeT-
pllilHblx KoJIe6aHHI3 IIe11oiIK14 BO Beex MOJIeKy2Iax C HetleTHLIM tIHCJIOM aTOMOB
yiviepoAa HMeeT npinepHO Ha 20 cm-1 6oJIbffee 3HaileHHe, ileM B 1110JIeKyJIaX
C iieTIIbIM IIIICJIOM aTOMOB yrJlepoAa. )AJIH RoHa3aTeJIbcTBa HHaMH ee MO?KHO HpHIIHcaTb KCJia6o 143o-
rHyTOMy>> H3oMepy.
BbIcKa3aHHoe IIpeJjuoJIO}KeHHe o3Ha'laeT, 'ITO BaJIeHTHble HOJIHodHMMeTpHLI-
Hble KoJIe6aHHsl OCToea CJIa6o pa3BeTBJIeHHbIx IIapa4MIHOB C IIJIOCKOI3 HiIII
KCJia6o H3orHyTOI3> I;eIIO'IKOII AOCTaTO'IHOi3 JJ;JIHHbI oileHb MaJIO OTJIHLIaLOTCJI
OT KoJIe6aHIIA Toro me THIIa HopMaJIbHLIX IIapa(l1HOB, T. e. HajinnHe pa3BeT-
BJIOHHH CJIa6o cKa3bIBaeTCSi Ha KoJIe6aHHnx Ho)1o6HbIX 1Jeno'IeK. C aTOil TO'IKII
3peHH31 ii ioci aSi HJIH ciia6o H30rHyTaB u;eno'IKa AOCTaTO'IHOii AJ111HM (TpH-'IeTbI-
pe 3BeHa HJIH 6owlee) $IBJIIIIOTCJI xapaKTepHCTHneCKHM CTPYKTypHbIM aJIeMeH-
TOM. BJIHHHHe 3TOto xapaKTepHCTHLIecKoro CTpyKTypHOTO aiieMeHTa IIpOHBJIBeT-
cH H Ha HeKOTopbIx J1;pyrHx JiHHHHx (CM. Hna e).
Ha6JIIOJ{aIou HeCH B cneiTpax HexoTopux cnla6o pa3BeTBJIemHbIx IIapa(HHOB
IIHTeHCHBHble CIIJIbHO IIOJIHpII3OBaHHble JIHHHH B o6JIaCTII 730-800 cm-'
(CM. Ta6JI. 12 H 13) HaM Ka?KOTCB eCTeCTBeHHbIM IIpHHHCaTb HaH60JIee CHMMeT-
PH'IHbIM IIOBOpOTHbIM H3OMepaM COOTBeTCTByIOIII;HX yrJleBoAopoAoB. IIpeAJia-
raeMasI CTeIIaHOB&IM ([81, T. II, CTp. 380) HHTepIIpeTar HH 3TIIX JIHHHi H au
~-KoJIe6aHHI3, yCHJIeHHbIX H3-3a CJIy'Iai3Horo pe3oHaHca ilaCTOT, IIpeACTaBJIfieTCA
HaM MaJIoupaBAoIIoAo6HOi3 1. C aT0i3 HHTepnpeTar ueII IIJIOXO corJlacyIOTCB
Ha6JIIOAaeMble 3Ha-ieHH3i IIHTeHCHBHOCTII II CTeIIeHH AeIIOJIBpu3au1H AaHHu X
JIHHIIII, He OTJIII'IaloMueCB no Cy1I eCTBy OT COOTBeTCTByIOHqux IIapaMeTpOB IIOJI-
HOCHMMeTpII'IHbIX JIHHHA, IIpHHaAJIe1KaniHx BaJIeHTHbIM KOJIe6aHIIBM OCTOBa.
HanpHMep, B CJIy'Iae 3-McTlnineHTaHa JIHHIIB 750 CA-' II B CJIy'Iae 3-3THJIIIen-
Tana JIHHHFI 734 CA-' IIMeIOT HaH60JIbE1IHe 3Ha'IeHHB HHTeHCIIBHOCTeI3 113 BCOX
JIHHHII B paCCMaTpuBaeMoi3 o6JIaCTII (CM. Ta6JI. 12). B CJIyiIae 3-aTHJIIIeHTaHa
IIpeACTaBJIBBTCB Hal6OJIee HpaBAonOAo6HbIM, 'ITO JIHHIIB 734 c m-1 BBJIBeTCB
BaJleHTHOii IIOJIHOCIIMMeTpH'IHO.A JIHHHei II3OMepa C OCbIO CIIMMeTpHH 3-ro
IIop5AKa, Ha 'ITO yKa3LIBaeT ee CIIJIbHa$ IIOJI3ipl3agHB.
To o6CTOaTeJIbCTBO, 'ITO B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT CIIMMeTpHH H OCo6eHHOCTeI3
CTpOeHIIB IIOBOpOTHbIX H30MOPOB noJIo?KeHHe H ApyrHe IIapaMeTpu JIHHIII3, npH-
HaAJIe?KaIIuHX BaJIeHTHbIM IIOJIHOCHMMeTpH'IHMM KoJIe6aHIIBM OCTOBa, cyIAeCT-
BeHHO McHBIOTCH, nona3bIBaeT, 'ITO 3TH JIHHHH He xapanTepH3ylOT TpeTH'IHuH
ATOM yr2epOAa. 3TOT BhIBOA BIIOJIHe corJIaCyeTCH C AaHHMMH TeopeTH'ieCKHX
paC'IeTOB CTenaHOBa [8]. Corjlacxo 3THM pac'IeTaM, xapanTepHCTH'IeCKHMH
'IaCTOTaMH AJIB yna3aHuoro CTpyKTypnoro 3JIeMeHTa IIBJIBIOTCH 'faCTOTm B 06-
JIaCTH 950, 1145 H 1170 cm-1. Pac'IeT KOJIe6aHIIi3 HpOCTeAmeg MoJIeKyJIbI, o6-
JlaAaiomei3 TpeTH'IHbIM aTOMOM yr2epoAa - H3o6yTaHa, rje TpeTII'IHbII3 ATOM
yriiepoJ>;a BbMCTyIIaeT B HaH6oJiee 'IHCTOM BHAe, IIpHBeJi CTeuaHOBa K HHTepiipe-
TaI]HH JIHHIII3 3Toro yrJleBOAopoAa 965 H 1172 cm-1 Kan ABa?KAu BbipoxcAeH-
Hbix, HpH'IeM HepBan o6ycJIOBJIeHa B OCHOBHOM II3MexeHHeM yrJion 3, a BTOpaB-
yrJIOB R II CBB3ei Q Hp1MepHO B paBHOII CTeneHH. B H3oiieHTaHe, CorJIaCHO
pac'IeTaM CTeIIaHOBa, Kanftan H3 yna3aHHbix 'iaCTOT paciiiernineTCn Ha ABe:
gacTOTa 965 cm-1 Ha 909 H 954 cm- 1, a'JaCTOTa 1172 CA-' Ha 1147 H 1177 CM 1.
IIpH noCJIeAyIon eM yCJIOmHeHHH MOJIenyJI'IaCTOTbI B o6JIaCTH 1145 H 1170 cm-1
He H3MeHBIOTCH. IIaCTOTbl B o6JIaCTH 950 C.ir' BeAYT Ce6fi 6o iee CJIO>KHO: B MO-
JlenyJlaX, He o611agaioMHx TpeTH'IHbIMH aTOMaMH yr2lepoAa, CTOBInHMH Ha Kpaio
I(emH, HHTeHCHBHan 'IaCTOTa -950 C M-1 HCIe3aeT; B MoJIe.Ky3Iax C TpeTH'IHbIMB
aTOMaMH yrJIep0Aa, pa3AeJIeHHhIMH AByMB 3BeHbbIMH rJeIIO'In1, oAHa 113 'iac-
TOT 960 CA-' H3-3a pe3oHaHCHorO B3a11MoAeiICTBHB pacMenJiHeTCB Ha ABC --
910 H 990 CA 1, BTOpa$ me coxpaxneTCB. I'I3 3THX 061IlHx IIpaBHJI HMelOTCB
IlenoTOpbie HcIJIIO'IeHHB (CM. [81).
' B 111ITepupeTaI;11H CTeIIaIIOBa ne ywtTbIBaeTCH BO3MOHCI1OCTb CyII~eCTBOBani13>I 1IO-
130pOTIIb1x II3OMepoB.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B Ta6Ji. 14 n 15 HPHBeAeHM AaHHble AJI$1 yIa3aHHnIx JIHHHi3, npi ieM Aim
IIFITI3 yrJIeBOAOpOAoB AaHHble 3aIMCTBOBaHbI n3 pa6oTbl TaTeBCKoro H coaBTO-
pOB [1001. KaK MOHiHO BHAeTb, Hal3AeHabie CTenanoBb1M 3axoHOMePHOCTH B 06-
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Ta6nnIa 14
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BengecTno
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10
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8
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0,6
140
[i]
958
12
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9
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2 Merii rexcaa
940
4
-
-
-
1144
10
0,6
}
80
[1]
956
8
0,9
75
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8
0,7
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952
81
0
8
80
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1144
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[1]
963
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7
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[1]
930
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908
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961
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978
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[1]
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8
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oAHaxo, HaJIHLIHeM B pacCMaTpnsaeMOI3 o6JIaCT11 Hexozoporo gIHcjia HOCTOpOH-
HHx JIHHHII (B Ta6a. 14 H 15 He BKJII0'JeHhI Han6o lee CJia6Me JIHHHH.). H3-3a
B03MO;EHOro nepeHaJlo?KeHnfl JInmIl1 pa3Horo Hponcxo?KAeHH} 3aTpyAHHTeJlb-
110 TaK?Ke AaTb OnpeAeJiennoe 3aKJIIOTIeHne o xapaKTepHCTHLIHOCTK HHTeHCHB-
HOCTe11 H CTeneHH AenOJIflpn3aljnH JInHnI3. B 1IaCTHOCTII, JIB paCCMaTpHBaeMbIX
napa4nlHOB JIHHHJI B o611aCTH 1145 c.,ir1 no 3naiieHHio cTeneHn AenoJI3ip13aIjHH
(OKOJIO 0,7-0,8, CM. Ta6JI. 15) CyIIjeCTBeHHO OTJIH'IaeTCII OT JIHHHH B TOR Ee
CHeRTpaJ1bHOI1 o6JIaCTH HOpMaJIbHmx napa(1HOB (CO CTeneHbIO AenOJlflpn3a-
IjnH 0,4-0,5, CM. Ta6JI. 11). OTCIOAa MO?KHO CAeJIaTb BbIBOA O pa3JIHnHOM HpO-
i4cxoHfAenn I yKa3aHHbIX JInHIln, tITO HOATBep?KAaeT AaHHyIO HM B TOM H Apy-
ro i cJlyilae HHTepHpeTaI;H1o. OAHaKO npn HaJHI'InH AJIHHHOf1 i enoLrn noCJIe
pa3BeTBJ1eHHfl (CM. Ta6JI. 14) CTeleHb AelOJISIpI13aIWHH JIHHHH 1145 cu-1 3a-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta6anua 15
OCHOBHb!e xapal:TepHCTHneeIHe JIHHHH Hapa4IHHOB C j(ByMJ[ H TpemJ1 TpeTIPIBbIMH
aTomaMH yraepoga
4-~~Iwrrn~uer-
can
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10
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130
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961
22
0,82
105
12
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909
5
0,6
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0,7
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953
16
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12
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[60]
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4
-
---
---
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7
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13
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9
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922
12
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65
14
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14
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957
17
1,0
100
15
1173
161
0,67
200
111
985
6
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-
907
14
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6
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ax
935
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971
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2
-
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936
5
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1160
14
0,82
1601
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987
16
0,6
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918
8
0,9
--
---
1164
13
0,79
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955
8
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919
9
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1144
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956
15
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1170
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986
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956
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1170
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976
6
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4
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917
9
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956
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987
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956
23
---
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1172
25
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968
8
996
2
McTHo naRaeT, MTO MOIKHO o6bJ1CHIHTb HaJIO?KeHneM Ha Hee JIHHHH i[euogtw
c ToIi me gacTOTOI3, Ho 6OJ1ee CHJIbHO IOJIHpH3OBaHHO1i.
Aim cJia6o pa3BeTBJIeHHbIx napa(HHOB MO,-EHO ct3JTaTb xapa}Tepxb1MH Tau-
Me JIHHHH B o6JlacTH 1020-1080 c.At-1. 11oAo6Hb1e J114HH13 npOJ1BJIJIIOTCH BHOJI-
He oT'IeTJIIBO TOJIbRO B cneRTpax napa(lLHOB, o611aAmmilix CBO6OJl,HOIi i enom-
KOI3 yrJiepo HbIX aTOMOB. B cneRTpax napa( HHOB, He 1MeIOH1Hx Tanol J enoiLKu,
Tanxce Ha6JI1oAaIOTCH B pnJ;e CJiyiiaeB JIHHHH B o611aCTH 1020-1080 c.AL-1,
OAHaKO 3HailnTeJlbxo 6OJIee cJIa6hIe. HO CBOHM napaMeTpaM paccMaTpnBaeMble
JIHHHH B 6OJIbIHHHCTBe cJlyiiaeB aHaJIOPHilHbI JI'HnfM B o611aCTH 1070 c.M-1
HopMaJIbHbIx napa(fHHOB 1. LIaCTOTbI nx Tar)Ke HMeIOT TeHAeHuJIO yBeJlHiln-
1 11 HexoTOp7Tx CJly'Iaxx B paccMarpHBaeMylo o6JIaCTb cneRTpa noHagaLOT, UO-B!011-
MOMy, JIBHH1 Apyroro npOl1CXOMAeH143q, OTJln*Ialon{IJCCB CBOeFI CHJlbHOi[ noJTnpn3a1(HeIi[.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
2
2
3
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CIIEETPl1 IiOMBHHAUHOHHOI'O PACCEHHHH n CTPOEHIIE YPJIEBOJJOPOAOB 121
BaTbCH 110 Mepe yAJIHHeHHB yrJTepotHon qenoiIKH Bile pa3BeTBJIeHHH, IIpH6JIn-
kKaHCb K ' aCTOTaM COOTBeTCTBy10m11X JIHHHII HopMaJlbHblx Hapa(HHOB. Bee
3TO J[aeT OCIIOBaHHe npunrcaTb yKa3aHHble JIHHHH KOJIe6aHi1HM CBO60AHOn
yrJlepOAH011 IjerIOTTKl. I4HTepecHo OTMeTHTb 3aIeTHoe nOBbinleHne JHTeHCHB-
HOCT11 paCCMaTpHBaeMbIX JIHHHH lpn HaJIIIMI II B MOJIeHyJIe 3TIIJIbHbIX rpynH.
B CBH311 C TeM, 'qTO Cne1Tpbl BCeX napa()HHOB C 1130JIHpOBaHHbIM11 TpeTHiI-
HbIMH aTOMaMH yrJlepoAa xapaKTepH3ylOTCH B o6ii eu OAHnM H TeM ?EC Ha6opoM
ilacTOT, 6oJIbHIoe 3Hailexne HMeeT OTbICKaHne B 3T14X cneKTpax HpH3HaKOB,
KoTOpble o6JIeri131JIn 6b1 pacHO3HaBanne pa3J1IPIHb1x THIIOB pa3BeTBJIeHHI3. B o6-
JIaCTI HOJIHOCHMMeTpl`IHbIx KOJIe6aHHI1 H OCHOBIIbIX xapaKTepncTnqecxnx JIn-
HHH, KaK MbI BTIJ JIII, cyngeCTBy1oT TOJIbKO ABa UP113HaJa TaKoro poAa: Haim-
line JIIIIIH1I B o6JIaCTII 870-890 cm-1 H enegn(fl1TecKoe paCMenJleHHe JIHHHH
it o6JIaCTII 950 cm-'. 06a npI13Haxa He BHOJIHe Haqe?KHbI, Tax HaH OTMeileHHble
JIIIiHIH J(OBOJIbHO cJIa6bI, a, c ApyrOYI CTOPOHbl, B pacc111aTpIlBaeMble o6JIaCTH
cneKTpa MMOryT JIer1O IioiiacTb IIOCTOpOHHlle JIHHHII.
HoBble npn3HaKH, 1103B0JIHK)IlUle COCTaBHTb 6o iee AeTaJIbnoe IlpeJ(CTaBJ1e-
IHie 0 CTp00HI1n H3yiIaeMb1X MOJIeKyJI, yAaeTCn yCTaHOBHTb Hpn IICHOJIb3O-
BaHIilI HapnAy c itaCTOTaMn Apyrux napaMeTpoB KoM6HHauuoHHb1X JI11HHl3. OT-
McT1iM, npe?KAe BcerO, IITO HOBbI leHne CHMMeT TH hloJlexyJlbl np1BOJ 11T 06bIiI-
HO K yMeHbnleHIHO HInpHHbl roJIHOCHMMeTpwlHbIX JIHHHul. Tainn o6pa3oM,
Hajinilue B o611aCTII MaCTOT IIOJIHocnMMeTpuMHblx KOJIe6aHrT pe3KHx H cpaBHH-
TeJIbHO y3KIIX JInHTHl, KOTOpble Bb1AeJIHIOTC34 Hpu (loTorpa4lllMecuoM McTOAe
perllcTpaTuu cneKTPOB Tai?Ke CBOe1I 60JIbIIIOYI HHTeHCHBHOCTbJO (B MaKCHMy-
DIe), CBIIAeTeJIbCTByeT o6blMllO 0 BbICOKOII CHMMeTPHH 113yMaebioro coeAHHeuun.
B Ka=IeCTBe npIMepa MO?KHO IIpHBeCTII cneITpbl 3-3THJIneHTaHa H Apyrnx napa-
41Ix013 C 3TIIJIbHOII rpynnoyI B 6OKOBOH AenH (Ta6JI. 12) nJIH 2,4-AnMeTHJIneH-
Tana H Apyrnx napa()IIHOB c pa3BeTBJIeHHHMH B noJIO?KeHnux 2,4 (Ta6JI. 13).
,JIH yCTalOBJIeHIIH o61Ilero 'IHCJIa TpeTIl'IHbIx aTOMOB yrJlepoJ a B MOJIeKyJle
6oJIbIIIOe 3HaLI0HI1e HMeeT HHTeHCHBHOCTb JIIIHIIH, Hp1HaAJIeuaIuI1X rpynnaM
CH3, CH2 R C.H. BaJleHTHbIJI KoJIe6aHnnM 3THX rpynH nOCBHHIeH OTAeJIbHbIiI
pa3AeJi 3T01'I rJIaBbl, n03TO111y 3Aecb MbI paCCMOTpBM TOJIbKO ABe JIHHHH, B o6-
JIaCTI3 1340 H 1300 CM-1 COOT BeTCTeeHHO. HepBa11 JIHHIIJ, COrJlacHO AannbIM
paCLleTOB CTenaHOBa [8], npnHaAJIeSKHT KoJle6annio, B KOTOpOM B OCHOBHOM
McHHeTCf1 yrOJI, o6pa3yeMbIITI rpynnou C-H y pa3BeTBJIeHHH CO CBJ3SIMn C-C
OCTOBa. Ho3TOMy M0?KHO O?KuAaTb, qTO IHTeHCHBHOCTb 3TO1I JIMH1H 6yAeT
HpOHOpgnoHaJIbHa 'IIuCJIy TpeTHiIHbIX aTOMOB. jIHHnn B o6JIaCTn 1300 c.ht-I
npHHaAJIe?KlT KoopAIIHaTe (P rpynnbi CH2 H BHOJIHe anaiiorliLIHa JIHHHH
B TOIL We o6JIaCT14 CneKTpa HOpMaJibnbIX napa())HHOB. HHTeHCHBHOCTb 3TOI1
JIHHHH AoJI?KHa 6bITb Hpo1OpTJ IOHaJlbna i1HCJly rpynH CH2 B MoJlexyiie. 3Kene-
pnMeHTaJlbnble AaHHble, HoATBep?KAan B o61II,eM 3TH 3aHJIIOMeHHA, yHa3bIBaIOT
Ha HeIOTOpoe cBoe06pa3ne 1OBeAeHnH pacCMaTpIBaeMbJX JIHHHII. TaK, B cneKT-
pax napa()HHOB C oAHIn1I pa3BeTBJlenneM JITHHS1 1340 cAt-1 3aMeTHO IIHTeH-
cnBHee, KorAa pa3BCTB5enne HaxOAHTC51 Ha Kpaio genii. AaJiee, eCJIH rpynna
CH2 HaxOAHTCn Me?ICAy AByM11 TpeTn'IHbIMH aTOMaMI yrJlepoAa, To IIHTeHCIIB-
HOCTb 3TOn JIHHHH pe3KO naAaeT.
TaKHM o6pa30M, HHTeIICHBHOCTH JIHHHIi 1340 cm-1 H 1300 cm-1 AaIOT Ao-
nOJIHHTeJIbuble yKa3aniin o XapalTepe pa3BeTBJIeHuu.
HHTepeCHble 3aKJIIOgeHHH O noJIO?KeHHH pa3BeTBJIeHnSI B cJlyiIae napa-
(HHOB C OAHHM TpeTHgHbIM aTOMOM yrJlepoAa MO?KHO CAeJIaTb Ha OCHOBa-
HHn H3y'IeHHH JIHHHu, Jiex{aMIIx B o66JIaCT1 Ae(OpMalZI10HHbIX KoJIe6aHHii
nJenOLIKII. HaK yKa3bIBaJIOCb B npeJbIAyWeM naparpa4e, B CJly'lae H. rlapa-
q)ITHOB AJIHHa I[enoilHH H 9aCTOTa Han6oJlee uHTenC14BHOI, noJIHpH3OBaHHOII
n y3KOii JIHHnH B 3TOI3 o611aCTn cneKTpa CBH3anbl oAHO3HanHO. B cJIyLIae
pa3BeTBJIeHHbIX napa4HTHOB Tan?Ke o6HapyulIBaeTCH 3axonoMepnan CBJ13b
Me?KAy macTOTOn Ae(1OpMaI[nOHHOH MMUM (OTJIuMalOlueuCA Ha116OJIbInef 14H-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TOHCHBHOCTMO, Hal6OJlee CHJIbHO noJIBplaoBaHHOH II HaH6o.lee y3Kog) H
111CJ10M aTOMOB yrJlepoL a MC B Han6oJlee AJIIIHHOII CBO60AHOE Ilenogxe,
HMeJOIIieficH B MOJIeHyJIe (B IIHCJIO MC Mbl BKJIIOTIaeM ATOM C, OT HOTOpOrO
HagITHaeTCH pa3BeTBJIeHHe). Hai MOIKHO BIIAeTb II3 AaHHux, IIpHBeAeHHbIx
B Ta6J1. 16, 3aBIICHMOCTb gaCTOTbl yxa3aHHOI3 Ae(OpMaIUIOHHOI3 JIIIHIIII AV
OT TIHCJIa MC Bblpa}KeHa BIIOJIHe OTLIeTJIHBO. HO-BIIAIIMOMy, lMeeTCH TaHme
ciia60 Bbipammian 3aBIICIIMOCTb naCTOTbl AV OT IIOJIHoro gHcjia nC aTOMOB
yrJlepoAa B HenOTIKe, K HOTOpog IIpHBemeH 3aMewaloigHI3 paAnxaJI: ITO Mepe
yBeJIugeHJH nC (IIpII AaHHOM mc) LIaCTOTa CHHHfaeTCH. ,L pyrite 0006eH-
HOCTH CTpOeHIIH MOJIeKyJIbI IOLITH He IIPOHBJIHIOTCH Ha *iaCTOTe paccMaTpTI-
BaeMOH JIHHHn, 'ITO n03BOJIHeT C'IHTaTb ee xapaKTepHOI3 AJIH Ae(lopMai;HOH-
IIbIX KoJIe6aHHI3 HMOHHO CBO60AHOI3 I(eriogKII.
Ta6nnga 16
ge(DopMaLHOHHb(e IIOaHOCHMMeTpH'Hble xone6aHHH napa4)HHOB C OAHHM
TpeTngHbJM aTOMOM yrJIepoAa
BeMeCTBO
'nC
I nC
I Av
10
I P
I 1~
I S
JIgTepa-
I TYpgaa
cobIJn a
143oneHTaH
3
4
461
18
-
70
8
[1]
3-McTnnneHTaf
3
5
445
25
50
-
[1]
3-3TnnneHTaH <
3
5
398
8
0,2
-
-
[1]
2-McTn21neRTax
4
5
325
13
0,3
60
11
[1]
446
20
0,37
70
7
3 McTnJlrexcaB
4
6
329
12
-
43
-
[1]
3-3THnrexcaH
4
6
316
7
-
-
-
[1]
4-McTwi1renzaH
4
7
316
20
0,3
80
9
[1]
4-3TnnrenTaH
4
7
318
20
0,4
-
-
[60]
2-McTnnrexcaH
5
6
302
17
0,2
50
5
[1]
McTnnreHTaH
5
7
298
8
-
60
-
[1]
-3THJIrenTaH
5
7
286
7
-
-
-
[1]
303
7
-
-
-
McTnJIOKTBH
5
8
286
13
0,6
-
-
[1]
McTnnrenTaH
6
7
288
15
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50
6,5
[1]
McTnJIoITBH
6
8
262
5
-
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[1]
MCTnJIOKT3H
7
8
251
16
-
-
-
[1]
He CTpeMHCb npeiqH3HpoBaTb paCCMaTpIBaeMyIO 3aKOHCMepHOCTb, Mbl
MO EeM Bblpa3FTb ee IIpH JOMO11;n IIpOCTOi3 aMlIHpvLIecKOI3 I OPMYJIbl
mC+r'
(9.1)
1:oTopan OTJIH'aeTCH OT allaJiorHgHOI3 (OpMyJIbl (8.1) AJIJI H. Hapal nuoB
TOJIbKO 3aMeHOI3 noJllloro MHCJIa nC aTOMOB yrJIepo,r a HX 'HCJIOM MC B Han-
6oJiee AJIIIHHOI3 CB060AHOI3 HenogKe, HMeIOHZeI3cn B MoJIeKyJIe. ,JIH pac-
cMaTpHBaeMorO THna pa3BeTBJIeHHH (TpeTHMHIr ATOM yriiepoAa) a = 3250
r = 6, T. e.
Dv = M3250
6 (9.2)
HHTepecao OTMOTHTb, LITO JIB ApyrHx THHOB pa3BeTBJIeHIIH 'IHCJIO r He
McHBeTCH, T. O. THII pa3BOTBJIeHIIH IIpOHBJIHeTCH JIHmb B He60JIbMOM II3Me-
HeHIIH 'Incjia a.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
3
3
4
2
3
2
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
2
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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'ITO AJIH HHX JIHHHH HOJIHOCHMMeTpuiIHbIX KOJIe6aHHf3 OCTOBa nepeMemaioTCH
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
aniIaeTCx OT cyMMapaon HHTeHCIBHOCTH nogo6Hbix Jii!m y pyrHx rpynn na-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
2
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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HHOM Beero HMeIO1T erOCH B HameM padnop}HICeHHH MaTepHalIa.
B o6JIaCT11 BaJIeHTHLIX CHMMeTpI4 HbIX Hone6aHHH OCTOBa (700-900 cm-1)
B CIIeHTpaX OAHo3aMei.[eHHMIX IIHTHTIJIeHHbIX Ha(2TeHOB Ha6nioAaeTCH Bcerga,
Hpote JIHHHH 890 cm-1, eige HecxoJIbxo 6o iee Cna6bix JIHHHT3 (CM. Ta611. 32;,
Ta6nana 33
Baaelmble cnMMeTpnvnbie xoae6annn ocTosa 1,1- 1,2-RBy3aMengemlbix HHTHVaenahix
nacl)Teaob
Be ecTBo
I Ov
I Io
I P
I~
I S
II Au
Io
I p
I S
I~
JIHTepa-
Typna,
ccHnna
IMeTHJIIHKJIO-
722
11
0,17
85
21
neHTaH
807
5
-
40
22
889
33
0
,20*
29*
350*
[1]
1-McTBJ-1-3TBnAnxno-
714
14
-
neHTaH
802
4
-
-
-
892
25
0 2
-
-
1601
qnc-l,2-)AnMeTHJIu1H1J-
764
46
0,22*
130
4,7
888
42
0,21*
17*
370*
[1[
noneHTaH
rpaac-l,2-JJ!MeTHJI-
766
30
0,2
110
8
IHlinoneHTaH
861
6
0,3
-
-
896
38
0,1
12*
250*
[1)
qnc-1-M PTxn-2-3Tan-
748
22
0,2
-
-
889
23
0,2
-
-
[601.
.JHxnoneaTaH
803
9
-
-
-
901
18
0,3
-
-
838
7
0,3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ABC-1-McTnn-2-a. 6y-
758
9
TnnIHxnoneHTaH
778
11
40
-
880
29
-
-
160
[1J
836
8
-
869
6
-
-
paHe-l-McTHn-1-11. 6y-
777
7
-
20
-
TBnAHxaoneHTaH
813
6
-
17
-
895
24
-
-
120
[1J
873
8
-
36
,1,2-TPnMeTHnAHHn0-
692
44
0,08
-
-
890
55
0,6
-
-
[601
neHTaH
' no JianHh1M namnx n3MepeHJH (8 H I~- npFMale FSMepeHIH).
oTlenb cJIa6ble, a TaJHHe AeHOJIHpH3OBaHHNIe JIHHHH B aTOI3 Ta6JIHI[e He OTMeTIe-
Hbl). HeHOTopan TIaCTb 3TIIX JIHHHH, BepoHTHO, He CBH3aHa c HOJIe6aHHHMH OC-
TOBa, IIpeACTaBJIHH c opee ncero, HaH H B c iytiae Hapa(HHOB, t)-HOne6aHHH.
OAHaHo HehOTOphle Hal6onee CHJIbHble H HOJIHpH3oBaurble JIHHHII MOHHHO OT-
HeCTH H CHMMeTPHTIHMIM HOne6aHHHM IJeIIOTIHI 3aMej1 a1OIIjero paAHHaJIa.
Bepexogii H IIHTHTIJIeHHIIM Ha())TeHaM C ) B3MH H 60nee 3aMeCTHTeJIBMH, MM
o6Hapy}H11BaeM, TITO HX CIIeKTpbl B 06JIaCTH BaJIeHTHbIX CHMMeTpHTIHbix Hone-
6aHn i OCTOBa Cyu eczseHHO 3aBHCHT OT Tnna 3aMeIIIeHHH. CneiTpbi reM-3aMe-
JI1 HHbIX AIIHJIOHeHTaHOBMIX yrJIeBOJ[OpOAOB cpaBBMTeJIbno MaJI0 OTJIHTIaIOTCH
OT cHeHTpOB OAHo3aMen;eHHbIX: MbI CHOBa o6HapyHHHBaeM JIHHHIo 890 cm-',
C TeMH HHe HapaMeTpaMH, HaR y OJ(H03aMeII emmiX r{HHJI0rIeHTaHOB; Apyrne nn-
H1111 B 3TOI3 O611aCTII CrJewTpa UMeIOT 3Ha'IHTeJIbHO McHIHIyIO HHTeHCHBnOCTb
(Ta6n. 33). Pe3Hoe H3MeneHHe cneHTpa Ha6nIoJ(aeTCH npn riepexoAe H 1,2-
ABy3aMeIIieHHbIM IIHTHTIneHHbIM Ha(iTeBaM. 3AeCb, BapRJgy C lIHTeHCnBHOIi H
CHnbHO IIOJIHpH3oBaIIHOI3 JIHHHefi 890 c.4 f-1, nonBnneTCH ewe OJ(Ha HpEaR nn-
HnH,CnJIbHO IIOJ)lpH3OBaHHas H cpaBHHTeJIbHO y3HaH,c TIaCTOTOIi 750-780 chi-'
(CM. Ta6JI. 33). TOT Hie xapaKTep ClIeRTpa HMeeT 1,1,2-TpHMeTHJ1AHHnOneHTa H,.
110 C TeM OTJIHTIHeM, TITO Y HerO BTOpaR JIHHHH HMeeT HOHnHHerHylO TIaCTOTy
(692 cm-1). HaHoxeu, B cneHTpax 1,3-J[By3aMen eHHbMX B Tp113aMeWeHHbix BnH-
JIOneHTaHOBbIX yrneB0RopOROB (C yriOMHHyTmIM HCHJIo'IeHHeM RJIH 1,1,2-3a-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
T
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
160 M. M. CYIIHHCI{H1I
BaaewHbie CnIMMCTpHMHb1e xone6aHHH ocroBa 1,3-ABy3aeeILLenHblx
HJ1TH`Inennb1x Ha(YrenOB
Ta6ni-iua 34
H TpH3aMeLI;exxblx
BeMecTBO
zv I
Io
p
i0 I
S
Tepa-
1n
Typnaa
ccbia ixa
I11IIc-1,3-,HMeTHaunJJroneHTaH
803
50
0,2
220
13
[1,60]
878
4
-
-
-
rpaHC-1,3-, JTMeTIIIAIIHROne11TaH
828
65
0,1
180
8
[1,60]
Tpaxc-l - bMeT14JI-3-3THJ1AHHJIOHeHTaH
837
25
0,2
140
14
[11
1-1ieTHJ1-3-H.r1poHIIJI-HlcnoneHTaH
817
10
-
-
-
[1]
832
18
-
85
11
894
7
-
34
12
1,1,3-TpHNIeTHaUHHaoneHTaH
746
14
0,2
42
5,4
9
1
792
21
0,09
85
[
]
ulrc,u1C,Tpanc-1,2,4-TpHMeT11J1uHH
748
1
231
27}
0,1
70
80
5,5
5
3
[1]
JloneuTaH
76
854
8
0,5
46
,
15
u11c,Tpaac,uHC-1,2,4-'1'p1V1leTHIu1lH-
769
60
0,2
140
3,0
aoneHTaH
811
11
-
80
20
[1]
824
11
-
-
-
unC,unc,Tpanc-1,4-AliMeTHJI-2-
772
10
~
65
-
[I]
3THjlAHNJloneHTaH
796
7
-
unc,TpaHc,IHC-1,4-LHMCTHJI-2-
745
7
90
-
[1]
3TIIJIIjvHJloneHTaH
761
14
792
6
47
809
5
-)
855
7
42
15
iWc,u11c,TpaHc-1,2,3-'1'pHMeTnJIuHH-
747
80
0,1
-
-
[127]
JloneHTaH
844
18
-
-
-
867
23
-
-
-
Allc,unc,uHC-1,2,3-' 1'pHrieT11n4Hx-
763
50
0,1
-
-
[127]
ao1ICHTa}1
868
34
0,3
-
-
u1IC, TpaHC,ulrc-1,2,3-1'pHn1eTH 1u11H-
766
30
0,2
-
-
[127]
aonenran
812
20
0,2
-
-
877
26
-
-
-
McJ1 elIHbIX) JIHHIIR 890 cm-' HCne3aeT H OCTaIOTCSI JIIIHIIH JIHIHb B o6JIacTH
750-850 CM-' (Ta6JI. 34).
143 HpHBeAeIIHbIX B Ha'iaJie 3TOro pa3AeJia JIaHHbIX MOHCHO C HecoMllenHo-
CTbIO 3aICJIIO'IHTb, 'ITO JIHHHn 890 CM-' npeACTaBJISieT co6OYI xapaRTepIICTH'Ie-
CKyIO JIHHHIO HHTH'IJieHHoro HOJlbJ a. I-TaCTOTa 3T014 JIHHHH (ii ApyrHe napaMeT-
pbI) ripe nepexo e OT OAHOI3 MOJieIy3lbl K ApyroiI McHAIOTCH B O'ieHb He60Jib-
unix HpeAeJrax - 3-5 CM-' (CM. Ta6JI. 32 H 33). H03TOMy OTCyTCTBHe JIHHHH
890 CM 1 B CIIeHTpax pnAa lnTH'IJlenxblx Ha(4)TeHOB CBI1 eTeJIbCTByeT 0 TOM,
'ITO HOA BJIIInHHeM 3aMecTnTeJIeH KOJie6aHHH KOJIbua B MoJIeHyJiax noAo6Hblx
coeAHHeIRIA BecbMa HCKa}EeHbl 1. 3TO HPHBOAHT K MbICJIH, 'ITO pOJIb HOJlbua
I B pa6oTe [127] 'IacTOTbi 868 cm-1 unc, uHC,LHC-1,2,3-TpHMeTIIJlUHHJroneHTana,
877 cm1, i liC,Tpaac,1(rlc-1,2,3-TpnMeT11JIAIIHJIOHCHTaHa H 867 cm -1 uHC,uHC,TpaHc-
1,2,3-TpHMeTHJImHHJIOHeHTaHa HHTepnpeTHpyIOTCH Hail MaCTO'ILI HOJIe6at11IH HOJIbI[a. 3TO
IipeACTaBJIaeTCn Ham xOTH 11 BO3MOTRHbIM, 110 He BHOJIHe 060CHOBalHbIM, Tail Hail 6J11I30CTb
'IaCTOT yl{a3aHIIbIX aiIHiIir H MaCTOTe HOJIb1);a 890 CM-1 cama He ce6e elue He MO1iOT
CJIy1I11Tb ;loaa3aTeabCTBOM HOA06HOTO OTHeCeHHH. C Apyrol CTOponbI, eCJIH CJIe,AOBaTb
IlIITepnpeTau1ii, Aai nol[ B pa6oTe [1271, TO CJJeAOBaJ1o 6h1 JIHHHH 803 H 828 CM I 1,3-ABy-
3aMenjeliHbix IywilCJlOHeHTaHOBblX yrJIeBOAOpOAOB Tailale paCCMaTpHBaTb, Haii npHHaAJIeaia-
IuHe aone6aHIIIro ilo rbua, 110 Torga TpyAHO HOHf4Tb, no'IeMy Y TpH3aMeluefHbIY uHKJIoneli-
TallOBbIX yrJ1eBoAopoAOB IIMeeT MCCTO McHbliee CMerueHHe MaCTOT, MCM Y ABy3aMelueHHb1X.
]1peAHOJIOHieIIHIO O NpacMenJlem4m) Koae6avia a HOJIbAa npOTHBOpe'HT TOT l~a1{T, MTO V
1,2-JIBy3aMelueHHbMX IIIIIJIOHCIITaHOB oCnOBHai JnhiInn 890 cm-1 lie cMenkaeTCH, a y 1 ,3-
jJBy3aMelueHHbIX IIa6JuoAaeTCH Jlnnlb OAHa d-IHH11H, T. e. He BpOICXOJOI1.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CIIERTPbI I{OMEHHAIHOHHOPO PACCEHHHH H CTPOEHHE YPJIEBOAOPOAOB 161
KaK xapaHTepIICTHneCKOrO CTpyRTypxor0 9JIeMeHTa B MOJIeRy.lax JIIRJIHLIecKlix
yrJleBOAOpoAOB, HMeIon ux 60JIbnloe iIHCJIO pa3BeTBJIeHH , CnJIbHO cnumena.
BCJIeJICTBHe OCJIa6JIenun II}ITHpIJlexxoro HoJIbJ a EaK xapaRTepHCTHLIecxoro
CTpYKTypHOrO 3JIeMeHTa MOJIeRyJIbI IIOJIy'IaIOT B03MOMHOCTb IIpOSIBHTbCH Apy-
rue xapaRTepncTIIilecxne cTpyKTypnbie 3JIeMeHTbI. B pe3YJIbTaTe B CIIeHTpax
1,2-ABy3aMelueHHuIX IIIKJJoneHTaHOB H 1,2,3- H 1,2,4-Tpn3aMeweHHnIx uHKJIo-
IIeHTaHOB UpO5IBJIJIIOTCH IIOJIHOCHMMeTpH'IHble JIHHnH CMe UHLIX TpeTIPJHLIX
aTOMOB yrJlepo) a, B cIIeuTpax 1,1,2- II 1,1,3-TpuMeTHJII[HRJIoneHTanOB -
WTBepTHUHoro aToMa yriiepoAal. Haxoneu, npi o*ienb CHJIbHOM ncxa-
;i,eHIIn KOJIe6aHIIi3 KoJlbua, KOrAa JIHHIIH 890 CM-' COBCeM IICtle3aeT, IIpOHBJIH-
IOTCJI JIHHIIn JI1IHIH. 3aMeTHM, 11TO B Ha( Tenax B3a11Mo-
AeI3cTB11e cOCeAnux rpynn CH2 3HatI11TeJIbHO CHJIbHee, tleM B napa(nnax.
3TO CBH3aHO C TOM, tITO B I(eIIotly,ax H. IIapa(lIIHOB C IIJIOCKOII Tpanc-KoH())n-
rypar(IIeil OTTa3IKIBaHHe COCeAHHX rpyIIII CH2 McHbIIIe, tleM y 113orHyTbIX
113oMepoB. RoH(l1rypal(11B we Hac TeHOBblx Ko3IeI( Ha116oJlee 6J1113Ka IIOBOpOTHbIM n30MepaM, T. e. otleHb CIIJIbHO n3orHyTmIM
I;eIIOtIKaM. Tax, HanpiMep, KOJIbI(O JJ11KJIOneHTaHa COOTBeTCTByeT 3aM1KHYTOi3
KoH4)Hrypagn11 nJIOCHOro AHC-113oMepa, KOJIbI(O r(11KJIoreicana - KoH(nry-
paAHi rloBepnyTorO Tpanc-113oMepa II T. A. Y 11epBbIX tIJIellOB pnAa - I(11y,-
Jlonpouana I I(ncJlo6yTana, UMeIOII(nx Hanpc?Kennoe KOJIbI(O, oTTaaHI4Banne
rpynn CH2 eiI(e 60JIbme. Ho Mepe YBeJInt4eH11B tI11cna 3BenbeB ROJIbI(a KOH-
( nrypar(nn OCTOBa Ha(JTeHOB HeCHOJIbHO np116JIn}KaeTCB K Kor(lnrypal(niI
c ia6o H30rHyTMX TpaHC-H30MepOB H. napa(11HOB H Mo1KHO o1f11AaTb TaEwe
c6JIII1KeHIIB cneKTpOB rpynn CH2 AaHHbIX KJIaCCOB yrJIeBOAOpoAOB. HeKOTO-
poe HOATBepHfAeHne 3Toro npeAnoJIOHCeHIIH AaeT cnel(Tp nuiJIOOKTana, rAe
BMeCTO treTbrpex Ha6Jiio aeTCB BcerO Tp11 JIIHH11 (CM. Ta6JI. 45).
YtIeT AHHaMntIeCHOrO B3a11MOAdHCTBIIB 6JIII3KIX rpynn CH2 MoxceT 6bITb
POBOAeH TCM me TOtIHO McTOAOM, KaK 11 B CJiytlae rlapa()11HOB (CM. ? 12).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PacLIeT gIaCTOT C yileTOM yxaaannoro B3aHMOgeI3CTBHH 6bTJi IIpoH3BeAeH HaMH
AJIB MOJIeKy.IbI I[HKJIoreKcaHa. Be3 yTieza gHHaMHTIecHoro B3aHMOAeu3CTB1fffI
COCeAHHX rpynr CH2, HO C IIOJIHLIM yileTOM BCeX KHHeMaTHIIeCEHX B3aHMo-
AeHCTBHII B MOJIeKyJIe, paCgeT IIPHBOAHT IIpaRTHgeCKH Bcero K AByM 3Haile-
HHBM 'TaCTOT BaJIeHTHbIX KOJIe6aHHII CH: CHMMeTpIPIHOI3 -2925 cm-1 H
a HTHCHMMeTPIIgHOH -2980 cAf-1 (CM. ? 6). HpH ytleTe J[HHaMJPIeCKOPO B3aHMo-
AeIICTBH39 COCeAHIIX rpyiiII HOaI 41HgHeHTbI MaTpII1[ AHHaMHgecHoro B3aHMo-
AeHCTBHB, COOTBOTCTByIOIIIHe BaJieHTHbIM KOJIe6aHIIBM CH, IIOJIytI !OT HO-
IIpaBKH. 3Ha1qenHB aTHX IIOIIpaBOH OHpeAeJIBIOTCB CBOHCTBaMH BeHOBOrO
ypaBHeHHB, BbITexaIOHUHMH H3 CHMMeTPHH MOJIeKyJIbI AHKJIorexcaxa. Fic-
IIOJIb3yB gaHHbie pac !eTa, IIPOH3BeAeHHOr0 B ? 6, IIOJlygae-i CJIeAy1ouiHe
BupaHfeHHB AJIB IIOIIpaBOK.
1. Hone6aHHB THIia A,g:
a) AHarOHaJIbHbI13 KO34Xf HIZHeHT, COOTBeTCTBYIOII[HYI cHMMeTpHLIHOII gaCTOTe
BaJIeHTHbIX KOJIe6aHHH rpyIIIIbi CH2i HOJIyiIaeT IIoripaBxy
Ac=3x1+x2+x3+x5+2x6 (17.1)
(o6o3Ha,IeHHB KOa4 HAHeHTOB Te me, KaK H B cJlygae Hapa(HHOB, CM. ? 12,
Ta6JI. 29);
6) AIIarOHaJIbHbIA HoaI 4HuLHeHT, COOTBeTCTBYIOIIEIIII a HTUCHMMeTplagHOB
gaCTOTe rpyHIIbI CH2i HoJiygaeT noupaBKy
Oc = -X1 + x2 -f- x3 -1- x,-2X6; (17.2)
B) IIOIIpaBKa H HeAHarOHaJIbHOMy KOWD nHA eHTy, COOTBOTCTBY1OIIAeMy
BaJIeHTHb!M KOJIe6aHHBM rpyHIIbI CH2, paBHa
AC=x1-x2+x5-x3. (17.3)
2. BbipoxcAeaxble KoJIe6aHH B THHa Eg:
Og = - 2 (3x1 + x2 -I- x3 + x5 + 2x6) = - 2 ~C; (17.4)
4B = - 0c; (17.5)
OB = - A,. (17.6)
Hoaae6aH121B Apyrgx THIIOB CHMMeTpHH 3aIIpeHReHbI B KOM6BHagHOHHOM
pacceBHHH II Mb! FIX paccmaTpIIBaTb He 6yAeM.
B COOTBOTCTBHII C IIJOPMyJIaMII (17.1) H (17.4), gaCTOTa CHMMeTPHgHLIX
KOJIe6aHHii rpyrxr i CH2 pace eHJIBeTCB Ha ABe KOMHOHeHTII, C HHTepBaJIOM
MexcAy HHMH B 3/2 OC, ITO 3KBHBaJIeHTHO -70 cu -1. Ec3IH OTHeCTH JIHHIIIO
i rn iorencaxa 2941 c.4 1 K KOJie6aHHI0 THHa A1g, TO AJIB CHMMOTPHLIHOg
gacTOTbi rpyHHbi CH2i OTHOCBIIWeIICH K HOJIe6aHHHM THHa Eg, HO Iy'TaeM 3Ha-
geHHe --- 2870 cu-'. Honne6aHHB C 3TOR gaCTOTOi3 AOJI?KHbII HCHLITbIBaTb CHJIb-
Hoe pe3oHaHCHOO B3aHMOAef3CTBHe c o6epTOHOM Ae4JOpMaIZIIOHHOfi gaCTOTbI
1450 c t 1, JIexcaIUMM B TOR We o61IaCTH. MOH{HO IIpeAHOJIOH{HTb, ITO B pe-
3yJIbTaTe IIOAO6Horo B3aHmoAeIICTBHB H o6pa3yIOTCB Ha6JIIoAaeMbie B crieKTpe
B paccMaTpnBaeMOI3 o6JIaCTH JIHHHR: ogexb CHJIbxaB HOJIfipH3OBaHHaf JIH-
HHB 2852 CM -1 H ABe JIHHHH CpeAHOII HHTeHCHBHOCTII, IIOJIBPH3OBaHHhIO 3Ha-
gHTeJIBHO Mexee HepBOfl, B o6JIaCTH 2890 c 1.
HecHMMeTpngnan gaCTOTa rpyHIIbI CH2 Tar?Ke RcrlbITbIBaeT paciuen.TeHHe,
oAHanO BejiHgHHa ero 3HaiIHTeJIbHO MexblHe - oHa COCTaBJIBeT Bcero 3/2 x2,
4T0 9KBHBaJIeHTHO ^- 10 cu-'. B pe3yAbTaTe o6pa3yeTCB ymHpeHHaa JIHHRB
C MaHCHMyMOM 2924 cm- 1. HonispH3ar{13B 3TOf1 JIRHHH 3HaT1IITeJIbHO Mexbme,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Benecmo
AV
1'
p
Ov
1'
p
A.,
1'
p
w
1'
p
A-)
/'
p
H. FencgnIHxnorexcaH . . ? . . . .
2842
770
0,19
2875
510
0,30
2892
510
0,62
2919
630
0,45
2959
170
0,72
2853
2933
650
0,21
AHc-1,2-AHMeTHnI[HKnoneHTaH . .
-
-
-
2869
410
15
2906
300
0,22
2937
370
0,32
2961
440
0,52
2920
350
TpaHc-1,2-,gHMeTHngHxnoneHTaH . . .
2854
290
0,24
2868
400
0,14
2906
190
0,27
2924
310
0,28
2957
420
0,51
w4c-1,4-A HMeTHnJHKnorexcaH . . . .
2852
440
0,20
_873
270
0,27
2897
380
0,33
2929
460
0,28
2959
250
0,74
2912
390
0,37
TpaHc-1,4-RHMeTHngHxnorexcaH . . .
2845
650
0,16
2868
460
0,23
2911
390
0,44
2926
630
0,18
2955
310
0,49
iHe-1,3,5-TpHMeTHnAHxnorexcaH
2837
410
0,12
2867
600
0,13
2912
390
0,20
2928
420
0,17
2957
440
0,39
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
YeM JIIIHHH 2941 c4G 1, "ITO XOPOIIIO coriiacyeTCFI C OTHecellneM ee K HecgM-
MCTpII'IHbIM KOJIe6aHHnM rpyIIIIbi CH2.
TaHHM o6pa30M, Ha61nogaeMble B CHeKTpe giaRaoreicaHa JIIIHnn IIOJIy'aIOT
yJjOBJIeTBOplTeJIbHyIO HHTepHpeTaI;HIO. HOJjtepKHeM, "ITO IIpu paCCMOTpeHIIn
IjuKJIOreRcaHa Mbl He HCIIOJIb3oBaJIH HHKaRHX HOBbIX JI,OnymmeHHi IIJln npeA-
noJio iceHnl'I no cpaBHeHHIO CO cJIyLIaeM napa(f)HHOB H Aaxce We KO3((HIjII-
eHTbI B3aIIMOJjeI'ICTBIIH B o6oHx CJiyLIaix OAHII H Te ice.
B cneKTpax Jjpyrux He3aMe etuibIX Ha(TeIIOB pacCMOTpeHHbie JIIIHIIII
COXpalIHIOTCH, HpIILIeM ux IIapaMeTpbi Taic e He HCIIbITbIBaIOT cyweCTBOHHbIX
II3MOIIeIHIR. 3TO II03BOJIfieT HpHHHTb AJISi HIIX Ty me nHTepnpeTaJJ uo, KaK it
g :m JInnniI I[HKJIorencaHa. HenOTOpble Bapiaiiiiu HHTeHCIIBHOCTeFI JInHIIH o6b-
5ICHrIIOTCH IICIIOJIb3OBaHneM JjJIH cpaBHeHns HIIKOBMIX 3Ha'eHHII HHTeHCHBHO-
CTeH, nTO B gaIIHOM cJiyuae He3aKOHnO, IIOCKOJIbKy HIHPHHa JIHBIIII He OCTaOTCH
HOCTOfIHHOII. B 'aCTHOCTJ, y Ijin3iorencaHa JIHHHH 6oJIee y3KHe, ueM y IjnKJio-
neHTaHa it gHKJIOreIITaHa. HpOBeCTH CHCTeMaTnileCKIIe II3MepeHI1H HJHpHHbi
H IIHTerpaJlbIIOII HIITOHCIIBHOCTII MEI, oAHano. He ci%tor in 113-3a 3HaTIIITeJIbHOro
nepexpblBaHHSI JIIIHHI3.
B MOJIeKyJiax 3aMenjeIlHblx Ha(J3TeHOB CIIeKTpbI pajjHKaJioB B o6JIacTII
BaJIeHTHbIx KOJIe6aHIIIi CH, 110-BRAHMOMy, He OTJIIILIaIOTC5T cyUUOCTBOHHO OT CO-
oTBeTCTByIOIIjnx eneKTpOB B MoJIexyJlax napa(HHOB. AJIH HJIJIIOCTpaAHII 3TOro
AIM JI HBOAHM B Ta6JI. 46 gaHHbie in HecROJIbKIIX Ha4)TeHOB, HMeionjHX B xa-
TIeCTBe 3aMecTHTeJIeII IIJIII TOJIbxo rpyIIIIbi CH31 IIJIII OAHH JjJIIIHHbIH Hepa3BeT-
BJIeHHblli paJjnnaiT, T. e. cogepIKanjnii 6oJlbuioe TIncjio rpynn
CH2. HaciOJIbnO MOmHO CYAHTI, HO HPIIBOJJ;1MEIM JjaHHbIM, Ha6JHOJ(aeMble cneKT-
pbI MOryT 6bITb yJjOBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHO HHTepIIpeTHpOBaHbI Kan pe3yJlbTaT HaJIO-
xceHIIn CIIeKTpOB KHOCTH BCIO COBO-
KyIIHOCTb IIapaMeTPOB 3TIIX JIHHHH. IIpH 3TOM MM orpaHHLIHMcsI paCCMOTpe-
HHOM HeIIPeAeJIbHbIX yrJieBOAOPOAOB C H3OJIHpOBaHHUMH CBH3HMII C=C,
T. e. 6y)eM IIpeAnoJIaraTb, "ITO IIpH HaJIwIHH B HCCJieAyeMbIX MOJieKyJlax AByX
(aim 6owiee) ABOJnHMX CBH3ei3 C=C OHH pa3AeJleHbl Ha McHee iieM AByMA IIPO-
CTbIMH CBA3AMH C=C. EcJIH ABe ABORHble CBA311 OTHOCJITCR K OAHOMy 11 TOMy me
aTOMy yriiepo a (aJIJieHbl) HJIH pa3geJIeHLI OAHOI3 HpOCTOI3 CB$I3bI0 (COIIpSIHCeH-
Hble ABOI4Hble CBH311), TO OHH B3a1MOAeI1CTByIOT HaCTOJIbKO CHJIbHO, LITO XapaKTe-
pHCTHileCKHM CTpyITyPHbIM 3JIeMCHTOM ABJIAeTCA He C=C, a COOTBeTCTBeHHO
KOMIIJIeKCbI aTOMOB C=C=C HJIH C=C-C=C. HaJIritme COIIpFI}KeHHA KpaT-
HbIX CBA3ei3 rJIy6OKO H3MeHAeT CBOIICTBa MOJIeKyJI, B 'IaCTHOCTH CABUraeT IIOJIO-
H. ,H H--C-CSR
HNc=c
"R H~
H.,, `_Cl
Ri
H--_ Ri H-_ H
RAC-C~H RAC=C
T p a 1C uHc
iR3
4 5
Plic. 25. Pa3JIBgJbie THIILI IleUpe1e.lbHMx yrJIeBOA0p0A0B c oTIlpbuTOii IZeHo'IRoii
cy co6CTBeHHoro UorJIOII1eHHA B AJIHHHOBOJIHOBy1O CTOpOHy. HODTOMy MbII pac-
CMOTPHM IIoAO6Hble yrJleBoAopoAbl OTAeJIbHO (B rii. VI), B CBA3H C TeopHeIi
HoM6HHagHOHHOrO paccenHHA B yCJIOBHRX, KOrAa 'JaCTOTa BO36yxcAaimu;eil
JIHHHH 6JIH3Ka K 'IaCTOTe 3JIOKTPOHHMX IIepexo o MOJIeIy.ibi.
Hau6o.iee IIAKO IIpOHBJIFIeTCH XapaKTepHCTWIHOCTb IIapaMeTpOB Y JIHHHH
B o6JIaCTH 1640 c.ati 1, COOTBeTCTBy1OIIAeII BaJIeHTHbIM KOJIe6aHHAM CBA3H C=C.
AaHHbie AJIA yKa3aHHOII JIHHHH IIPHBeAeHbI B Ta6JI. 48. 143 IIPHBOAHMMX AaH-
HbIX BHAHO, 'ITO BCe IIapaMeTpbl 3TOI3 JIHHHH xapaKTepHCTHLIHbI. IIpH IIepexope
OT OAHOH rpyrIIbi HenpeAeJlbHMx cOeAHHeHHI3 K Apyroi3, Ha6JIIOAaIOTCII JIHIIib
oileHb He60JIbmiie H3MexeHHII HapaMeTpOB AaHHOii JIHHHH, HMeIon Ie, oAHaxo,
CI1CTeMaTWIeCKHI3 xapalTep, H IIO3TOMy, HeCOMHCHHO, oTo6paH{alou;He H3Mene-
IIHA B CTpoeHHH pacemaTPHBaeMbix Mo.lexyJE.
HeupeAeJIbIlMe coeAHHeHHA c eAHHCTBennou ABOlHOr1 CBx3bIO C=C MOHCHO
paCCMaTPHBaTb HaK IIPOH3BOAHble 3THiieHa, TOrAa B COOTBeTCTBHH C 'IHCJIOM
it paCHOJIOnieHHeM 3aMeCTHTeJieI3 OHH eCTeCTBeHHO IIOApa3AeJIAKITCA Ha CJle-
iyiouOue rpynubi (pnc. 25):
1) HenpeAeJlbxbie yrJIeBOAOpOAbI C OAHHM 3aMeCTHTeJIeM (x-OJIe(1HHbi c He-
pa3BeTBJIOHHbIM HJIH pa3BOTBJICHHbIM paAHKa.IOM);
2) HeiipeAeJlbHble yrJIeBOAOpOAbI C AByMH 3aMeCTHTCJIAM11 IIpH OAHOM H TOM
me aTOMe C;
3) HeiipeAe.IbHbie yrJIeBOAopoAbl C AByMH 3aMeCTHTeJI5IMII IIpH pa3Hbix
aTOMaX yrJIepOAa (B TOM LIHCJIe P-, 'I- H T. A. OJIeI HHbI);
4) HenpeAeJlbxble yrJIeBOAOpOAbi C TpeMII 3aMeCTHTeJI$1MH;
5) HenpeAeJlbxble yriieBOAOPOAbl C lJeTbIpbMA 3aMecTHTeJI1IMH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
143 Ta6JI. 48 B1AHO, TITO HenpeAeJIbHble yrJleBOAopoZ[bI 1-ti rpynnbl Xapa1{-
TepH3y1OTC51 CTpornM HOCTOJIHCTBOM *IaCTOTbI II HHTeHCHBHOCTH JIHHnH B o6-
JIacTH 1640 cm-1. IIpH HaJIHIIHH B coeJ[HHen1H ABYX CBFI3eYI C = C IIHTeH-
CIIBHOCTb 3TOJT JIHHHH npnMepHO yABaHBaeTCSI, OCTaJIbHble a1 e napaMeTpbI He
H3MeHJIIOTCB (J[HaJIJInJI). B CJIy'Iae OC-OJIe(IIHOB HopMaJIbHoro CTpOeBnH yAJIII-
HeHne 3aMeuiaioMero paAnl{aJia IIpnBOAHT JIlIIIb IH He60JILIHOMy ymnpeHHlo
paccMaTpnBaeMOYI JIHHHH [18], a pa3BeTBJIeIIHOCTb pagHEaiia IIpOHBJineTCn
B HCHOTOpOM CHuSiceHIIH IIIHPIIHbI H CTeIIeHn AenoJIHpn3a1 I n JIIIHnHI 1. Y IIenpe-
AeJIbnb1X yrJleBORopoRoB 2-1'I rpynnbi JIHH1H J(BOyiHOYI CBFI3H C = C IIMeeT He-
CKOJIbKO TIOBbIHIeHHyIO TIaCTOTy, TOTJI,a icalc OCTaJIbHble ee napaMeTpbI CyIHeCT-
BeHHO He McHHIOTCH.
B CJiyllae HeIIpeAeJIbHJIX yriieBOAOPOAOB 3-~I rpyrnbl B03MO; EHbI ABa
npoCTpanCTBeHHLIx H3oMepa, IJ1IC- 11 Tpanc- (cm. ple. 25), Boo6nle rOBOp11
olieHb TpyRHO pa3AeJIIIM1iix. r1O3TOMy npn HCCJIeJ[oBaHIIHX Cnel{TpbI iIaCTO
COOTBeTCTByIOT CMeCI J;aHHbIX IIpOCTpaHCTBeHHb1X n3OMepOB. I{aH MO;FH0 Bn-
AeTb H3 H I1BOAHMbIX B Ta6J1. 48 J[aHHLIX, JIHH1H ABOIIHOR CBH3II C =C Y 3TOH
rpynnbi HenpeJ{eJlbnhIx yriieBOJ);OpOAOB nMeeT nOBbIIIIeHByIO IiaCTOTy no cpaB-
HeHHIO C x-OJIe(])HHaM1. ilpII 3TOM, Ica1c 6bIJlO yCTaHOBJIeHO B pa6oTax ry6o
[142], Tpanc-n3oMepbl HMe1OT 60Jlee BbICOICy10 tiacTOTy no CpaBHOHIIIO C IJ,IIC-
H3oMepaMn (-1673 H --1658 CM-1 cooTBeTCTBe1IHo), IIPIIIIeM 3Ta iiacTOTa lie
3aBHCHT OT 1OJI0H ennn ABOBHOR CB$13H B IIen0Tllce. B CneiTpax CMece%i Bpo-
CTpaHCTBeHHbIX H30MepOB Ha6JIIOJ;aIOTCH o6e JIHHnn (CM. Ta6JI. 48).
B cneicTpax HenpeAeJlbHLIX yrJIeBOAopOJ[OB 4-II n 5-H rpynn JIBHIIH J[BOI3-
HOII CBB3H C=C IMeeT 'IaCTOTy 1670--1678 C.4T -I, Tame 110BbI1[Ilennyl0 110
cpaBHem4lo c oc-oJle( IHHaMH. ,JIH 3Tnx coeAHHeHIIYI, npn pa3JIHT1Hn 3aMeII[a1C-
III;IIX paAnlcaJIOB, Boo6IIle rOBOpH, . BO3MOHCHa npocTpaHCTBeHHal n3oMepHF1
(CM. pnc. 25). B CnelTpax, oAHaxo, B o6J1aCTR -1670 c.,ii ' Bcerga Ha6JIIOAaeTCH
JIHIIIb oAHa JIIIHIIH. HanpHMep, B cneicTpe RCCJIe) oBaHHoro HaMI 3-McTIIJIneHre-
Ha-2, COCTOHBIIIero H3 CMecn ABYX II3oMepHLIX (#1opM, H B cnexzpax aBaJ1OTHII-
HLIX CoeJ[HHeHn13 3-I1eTIIJIre1CceHa-2 n 3-MCTHJIreIITexa-2, no J[aHHb1M ry6o
[142], IIMeeTCH JIHIHb 110 OAHOn JIIIHHII 1674, 1669 II 1669 cm-1 cooTBeTCTBenno.
COBIIageHIIe gaCTOT ABYX IIpOCTpaHCTBeHHbix H3OMePOB B 3TOA o6JIaCT14 CIIeRT-
pa mom .Ho 06'bnCHIITb OIImHb MaJIbIM BJIIIHHneM gJIIIHbI pagnxaJla Ha gaCTOTY
IcoJIe6aHIIi3 ABOIiHOIT CBH3II. DTO xopom10 BHAHO Ha np1Mepe X-oJle(JHHOB (CM.
Ta6J1. 48). H03TOMy yJ[JIIHeHHe oJ[Horo n3 paJ(HICaJIOB, np1BOg3imee B cJIygae
Tp13aMeB70HHbIx Henpe) eJIbnbix yrJleBOJJOpOJ[OB I{ nOHBJIeHHIO ABYX H3oMep-
HbIX # PM, He BJIHHeT Ha yxa3aHHyIO 'IacTOTy.
143 AaHHLIX, np1BOAHMbIX B Ta6JI. 48, CJIeJ[yeT, IITO Y HenpeAeJIbHLIX yrJle-
BOJ;OpOAoB 4-YI H 5-II rpynn, HMeIOIIZIIX JJ;BOnHy1O CBH3b BHYTPH HerIOT11cII, HH-
TerpaJlbHaH HHTOHCIIBHOCTb JIIIHHH -1670 CM-1 IIMeeT HeCKOJIbEo 6oJiee BLI-
coicoe 3Hatienne, IieM Y HenpeJJeJIbHrIX coeJ[IIHenn)I 1-n H 2-1I rpynn, C J(BOIIHOII
CBH3bIO Ha EpaIO gen01licn [29]. Ho yCJIOBH31M II3MepeHHA, B CIIeI{Tpax Henpe-
J[eJIbHbIX yrJIeBOAOp0 0B 3-1%I rpynnbI MbI MOTJIII IIOJIyiIHTb JInnib cyMMapHylo
HHTerpaJIbHyIO IIHTOHCIIBHOCTb o6enx HOMIIOHOHT JIHHnII B o6JIacTH 1660-
1680 cm-1. IHO3TO;ITy npJlBOgnMble BeJIIPIIIHbI 100 MOryT Xapa1{TepH30BaTb HC-
CJIeJJ;yeMble yrJIeBOJ;OpOAbI JIHIIIb B TOM CJlyitae, CCJIH IIHTeHCHBHOCTII JIIIHIII3,
IIp1HaJ[JIeHca1n1lX COOTBeTCTBeHHO II11C- H TpaHC-n3oMepaM, He pa3JIIT 1a1OTCH Cy-
IIT,eCTBOHHO MexcAy co60I3. 0 BLIIIOJIHeHIIH BTOTO yCJIOBHH MO1I{HO CyJ[1Tb IIO
AaHHbIM, IIOJIyIfeHHbIM B pa60Tax [60], lIp14BOAHMLIM B Ta6JI. 48. Kaic BOKa3bI-
BaIOT 3TII pe3yJlbTaTbi, HHTOHCIIBHOCT} JIHBBIi, IIpIIHaJ(JIeHcan.JnIX 000TBeT-
CTBCHIIO 4HC-I1 TpaHC-n3oMepaM, He OTJInIIaIOTCH Cy1IIeCTBeHHo H, cJIeJ;OBaTeJIb-
1 3T11 113MeHeiiHfl, OTHOCIITPJILHO HCGoin rie, OTieHb ILHTepeCHbi C TO'IAII 3pe1Bf1 c6-
iiieH CBII3II IHHpHHLI JIHHHII HOM61TIlailImOHIToro paccefiHHfl c aH1l3oTp0HITey1 TeII30pa HpOH3-
BOJ{HOII II0JIHpu3yeM0CTH H 6yJ yT 06CyIIcJjeHbi HOgpo61Iee OTJ{OJII,II0, B I'JI. VI.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HO, cyMMapHan HHTerpaJlbxa5l IIHTenCHBHOCTL o6eHx JI1111113 MOH T CJIyiKHTb
XapaRTepHCTHKOH 3THX HenpeAeJlbHbIX yrJIeBOAOpOAOB. TaKHM o6pa30M, CTpO-
rasl xapanTepHCTHiIHOCTb HHTeHCHBHOCTeH JIHHHII B 06JIaCTH 1600 CM-1
-co6JIIoAaeTCH JIHIIIb B IIpeAeJiax rpyHHbl 61I113KHx coeAHHenuI1. Pa3JIH-IHe nn-
TeHCIIBHOCTel3 JIHHHII ABOHHOH CBSI311, IIpH IIOJIOHfeHHII 3TOII CBJ13H cooTBeT-
CTBeHHO Ha Kpalo H BHYTPII IjenO'IKH, cpaBHHTeJlbxo neBeJIIIKO (onoiio 40%)
Ii, no-BIIAHMOMy, yCKOJIb3aJIo OT BHHMaHHH ApyrHX HCCJICAOBaTeJIeIi.
HapnAy c JIIIHIie%i 1640-1670 c.hL-1, B cnenTpax HeupeAeJlbHLIx yrJleBoAo-
POAOB o6Hapy5KHBaeTCH psA Apyrnx xapalTepncTHTiednhx JIHHnYI, COOTBeT-
ZTByIOIIjiiX KoJIe6aHHfhM KOMHJIeICOB aTOMOB, TeCHO CBH3aiiHbIx CO CBH3blO
C =C. Lin HenpeAeJIbnblx yrJleBOAopoAoB 1-I3 H 2-I rpynn, HMeIOlI;HX I{OM-
nJIeKObI
C=C,
xapaKTepxa JIHIIIH - 1 4 1 4 COOTBOTCTByIOIIjafl BHyTpeHHeMy Ae(opMallHOH-
HoMy KOJie6aHn1o AallHOH rpyllbl CH2 (KOJie6aHIIe aCH,). )IJIH Tex we coeAH-
HeHHII xapaKTepxa JIHHHFI, COOTBeTCTBy1OIfl $T Ko3Ie6aHHHM yxa3aHHoH rpyII-
nbI CH2, IIPH KOTOpbIX aTOMbI H BbIXOA}IT 113 IIJIOCKOCTH CBH3II C= C (Ko.Ie6a-
inie pcH2)? LIaCTOTbI 3TIIX KOJIe6aHnH, no paCileTaM CBepAJIOBa [146, 1471,
HMelOT 311axieHIIn AJIH HeiipeAeJlbHbIX yriieBOAOPOAOB 1-YI rpyHHbl 912 c.&C'
ii AJIH 2-iI rpynm i 888 cm- 1.
Y HenpeAeJIbnbIx coeAHHeHHI3 2, 4 II 5-it rpyIIII HMeeTCH xapaKTepncTHTIe-
ci aH JIHIIHH B o6JIacTH 390-400 CM 1, COOTBeTCTByIOnja}i, no pac'ieTaM CBepA-
JIOBa [150], BHyTpOHHHM Ae()JopMaWIoHHbMM KOJIe6aHHFIM KOMHJIeKCa
C/..-u.
B cneiTpax HeiipejeJlbHbIX COeAHHeHHLI 3-I3 rpyHHbi xapaHTepHCTH4HOCTb
HapaMeTpoB HaH6OJIee SICHO Bbipa?KeHa Y JIHHIHI, IIpnnaAJle?KaH;Hx, IIO AaHHbIM
J1. M. CBepAJIOBa [148], Koile6annSIM TIIIIOB PC=CH n TC=CH' AaHHbie AJIH 3THX
.THHIIII IIPHBeAOHbI B Ta6JI. 49. Mbi BKJIIOIIHJIII B Ta6JI. 49 TaH?Ke AaHHble AJIH Ho-
ie6aHHIl Tlina Q-c=c, gaCTOTLI KoTOpblx, coriiacHO CBepAJIOBy ]148[, xapaK-
TepiiCTHhiHbI AJIH paCCMaTPHBaeMbIX yriieBoAopOAoB. HaI MO?KHO BHAeTb 143
Ta6JI. 49, y A 14C- H TpaHC-H30MePOB TIaCTOTM noJIe6alinl OAHOro 11 Toro we THIIa
CyIIjeCTB9HHO OTJIHiIaIOTCH, tITO MOHfeT CJIYwHTb AJIH pa3JIHPIeHHSi 3THX II3oMe-
pOB. I4HTeHCIIBHOCTII B HeCKOJIbIHX CJiytIanx 014JILHO 3aBbIHIeHbI, HO-BIIAHMOMy,
BcJIeAcTBHe Hasio?KeHHH JIHHHYI Apyroro HpOncxo?KAeHH}I1. CTeIIeHH AenoJIHpH-
3aIjHII AJIH KaxcAOro H3 THIIOB KOJIe6aHHYI HeCKOJIbno 6OJIee IIOCTOHHHLI, XOTH
Tan ne IIMeIOTCH CJiy'iaii pe3KO 3aBbIIIIeHHbIX 3Haclennl aroro IIapaMeTpa. He-
CPIOTPH Ha HeKOTOpbII3 pa36pOC 3Ha"IeHHH HapaMeTpOB, qaCTHi1HO CBn3aHHbIli,
HeCOMHeHHO, c oIIIH6KaMH H3MepenuI3 (a AJis I0- Tan?Ke H IIepecqeTOB), COBO-
KyIIHOCTb 11PHBeAeHHbIX JIIIHIIIl AOBOJIbHO OAH03Ha*IHO XapaKTepn3yeT pacCMaT-
pnBaeMyio rpynny yrJieBOAopoAOB.
Aim HenpeAeJlbnblx yriieBOAOPOAOB 4-ft rpyHHbl, HoMHMO y?Ke paccMOTpeH-
IIOII HaMH JIHHHH B o6JIaCTH---400 cm 1, xapaKTepHCTH'IHbI JIHHHn, npnxaAJleHfa-
mile, coriiacno paCLIeTaM CBepAJioBa [149], Kal H AJIH 3-yl rpynnbl, KOJie6aHHHM
THROB 3C=CH H TC=CH c ilaCTOTaMII B o6JIaCTHX 1330-1360 H 500-520 cAti 1,
COOTBeTCTBeHHO. LIaCTOTbI 3TIIX JIIIHHYI AOBOJIbHO C14JIL110 OTJIHqaIOTCH OT qa-
CTOT COOTBeTCTByIOnj1X noJIe6aHHi3 HenpeAeJlbnblx yrJIeBOAOpOAOB 3-Yi rpyIIHbl,
OCTaJlbnble HapaMeTpbl - IIpHMePHO Toro we lopsTAKa.
1 mm HOTib3yeMCH 3Ha'IeI1HHMII to no AaHHbIBI pa6oT [601, 06p360TaHHbIMA, KaK OHH-
caI10 B 111, H HepeC`IHTaIIHbIMH Ha 1 2?.hLOJIb.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta6JIuia 49
XapawTepncTnnaecxne ananl 3-a rpynnbi HenpeAeabHbix yraeBoAopoAoB
RC=CH
YC= C-C
I Q c-c
BeoxeeTao
pv
,
I I0
P
pv
I I
If
p
Dv
I I
I p
JIMTepa-
ccb TypHaH
tnsa
0
6
~xc-IIeHTeH-2
1267
43
0,77
578
8
-
963
10
-
[142,60]
1258
38
0,75
575
5
-
971
12
0,6
[142,60]
Sgc-4-McTManeBTen 2 *
1257
29
0,61
593
25
0,3
954
25
0,5
[142, 60]
panc IIeHTeH 2
1312
33
0,46
486
53
0,3
1068
19
0,4
[142,60]
paac-TexceH-2
1308
41
0 , '5
490
10
0,3
1095
11
0,5
[142,60]
paac:IenceH-3
1307
29
0,42
472
11
1067
22
0,48
[142, 60]
panc-4 McTManeHTeH-2 *
1302
57
0,41
485
38
0,3
3
1103
16
0,8
[ 142,60]
panc-0xTea-3
1300
35
0,76
473
6
1,0
1072
19
0,4
[142,60]
panc-0ITeH-4
1296
29
0,48
485
6
-
1095
21
0,4
[142,60]
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CIIBHble CIIJIbHO IIoJI3Ipn3oBaHHLIe JIHHHH B o6JIaCTH 700-760 cm- 1, a Tan}Ke
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JIeKyJIe IIMeIOTCH CMe?KHLIe tleTBepTHtIHbIYI H TpeTH-JHLII3 aTOM!I, TO IIOJIHOCHM-
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cMOTpennn Ilapac iiHOB (rJI. III) upn3naiaM AaHHbIX xapanTepncTntlecxnx
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Pa3JIH9He o6i,pn oro TpeTHMHOro aToMa yrJiepoj a H xWMIIJIeRCa C=C-C
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IIpJLIeM HaH6oJiee xapanTepnCTHMabl JIHHHH B o6JIaCTH 1145-1170 cm-1
(CM. BePXHIOIO IIOJIOBHHy Ta6JI. 52) 1. iluni H, COOTBeTCTByIOIIJHe IIoJIHOCHMMeT-
PHiIHbIM KOJIe6aHHS1M OCTOBa, y HeIIpeAemlbHbix yriieBOAOpOAOB C OAHIIM o61liI-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
gaCTOTbI B o6JIacTII 800 CA -1 JIBJIgIIOTCgI xapaRTepHCTHilecKHmi1 liacToTamll
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HOpMa.lbnoro CTpoeHHH. Aim pa3BeTBJIeHHbix HenpeAeJIbHbix yrileBOJJOpOJOB
OHO cnpaBeJJIHBO no CyIIJeCTBy J1HIIIb IIOCTOJIbny, IIOCHOJIbny paAnnaJibi HMeIOT
xapaxTOplCTlplecK11e CTpyRTypHble 3JIeMeHTmI, JIHHHH ROTOpLIX H IIpOBBJI3110TCB
B cnenTpaX. B r eaom paAnnaJibi He npeACTaBJIBIOT co6oA IIOAo6HbMX xapan-
TepHCTnLIecKHX CTpyKTypHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB H IIM He COOTBeTCTByeT OnpeWeJleHnaf
COBOHyIIHOCTb JIHHHh B cnenTpaX. KaK Mm yme IIOA'Iepn11Ba.In HpH pacCMOTpe-
H1111 Apyrnx KJlaccoB yrJleBOAopoAoB, AaiienO He BCBKOMy pa3BeTBJIeHHIO 11.7111
KoM6HHaI;mH pa3BeTBJIenhIi COOTBeTCTByIOT OIIpeAeJleHHbie cneRTpaJlbnbie
11pH3Hann. Tomlbno np11 HaJIIrnhIl C11JIbHO B3a11MoAeIicTBy1ou eii (nHHeMaTn-
ilecKII 11.711 A11HaMHilecnn) rpy1Hbi aTOMOB B KoJIe6aTeJIbHLIX cnenTpax npo-
51BJIHOTC31 xapanTepnbiA Aim AaHHOIi rpylHbl Ha6op JInHncI. 3Tn noJlo?KeniiB
xopoIIIO HJIJIIOCTp11pyIOTCB Ha paccMOTpennoM BbIIHe npHMepe HenpeJeJlbnbIX
yrJIeBOAopoAoB.
? 21. BaJIeHTHble KOJIe6aHml CII B cnenTpaX
HenpeAeJIbHbIX yrJieBOAopOAOB
B o6JIacTIT BaJIeHTHbIx noJIe6aHHIi CH cneKTpbl HenpeAeJibnblX yrJIeBOAo-
pOAOB HAieIOT HeKOTOpble oc06eHH0cTH, o6ycJIOBJIeHHLIe BJIIIBH11eM ABOIIHOIi
CBB3H C=C Ha KOJIe6aHna 6JIH3JIe?KaWHX aTOMOB BOAopoJ a. Cco6eHHO CHJIbHO
1 B HexoTOpblx cJlygiaHx 3T11 J114HHH HanaralOTCH Iia JIHHIIII J{pyroro npoflcxo 17.7 eHHA.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
TO BJIIIJIHI3e IIpORBJISIeTCS Ha KoJIe6aHHHx rpyIIH CH2, IIeUOCpegCTBeHHO IIpH-
MblxaloigKx K ABOIiHOi3 CBJI3II. AJIH IIOA06HbIX rpyHII BecbMa xapaKTepHbl J111-
Him 3000 II -3080 c.AL-1. B ABYX UOCJIeAHIIX xoJloHKax Ta6a. 58 np11BeAeHbl
JJ,aHHble AJIH yxa3aIlHblx JIHHHH B cnexzpax puja HenpeAeJIbHLIx yrJIeBOAopo-
AOB. Ha OCHOBaHnH 3THX AaHHMX MO)KHO 3aKJIx)1IHTb, WO 60Jiee HHTeHCHBHaH,
noJIHpH30BaHHaa JIIIHIIH--3000 cm-1 IIpHHaAJIeu HT IIOJIHOCHMMeTpHLIHOMY KO-
JIe6aiimo, McHee HHTeHCHBHaH, AeIIOJIHpI30BaHHaK JIIIHIIH -3080 cm-1 - aHTH-
CHMMeTPHi1HOMY KOJIe6aHIIlo rpyIIIIbl
IIo cpaBHeHIIIO C KHO 3aKJIIOIHTb, ITO no KpaYIHeYI Mepe OAHa 113 pacCMaTpIIBaeMblx JIIIHHH
npiiHaAJIe9KIIT rpynne CH3, IIp11BemIeHH0Ii K yrJiepO HOMy aTOMY ABOHHOH
CBSI3II, T. e. Haxo 5IIIIeiCSI IIOA B03AeIICTBHeM ABOHHOH CBII311 C=C. K nOAo6-
HbIM rpynnaM Mo5KHO OTHeCTII H JIIIHHIO---2916 C.U-1(BTOpaH HOJIOHKa Ta6a. 59),
KOTOpafl B cneKTpax yrJ1eBOAop0AOB, 06JIaAaIonwx TaKSKe rpyn-
IIaiiiI CH3 Ii CH2, MacK11pyeTCH iIaCTHTIHO JIHHHHMH Apyroro nponcxo?KAeHHSI.
OAHy 113 JIIIH11I3 B 06JIaCTH 2990-3030cM-1 eCTeCTBeHH0 6bLJI0 6b& IIpm lCaTb
KoJIe6aHIIHM rpyIIH= C -?. OAHalo TaHan IIHTepnpeTau11H He M0 KeT 6bITb
H
IIpOBeAeHa BnoJIHe nocJIeAoBaTeJibxo. B cneKTpax 3-3TuJIneIITena-2 H a-OJIe-
(IIIHOB, IIAIMIA11X 1-10 OAHOII 11oAo6HOR rpylle, HeT JIIIHII3 B paccMaTp11BaeMOII
o6JIaCTII. 3TO o3HagaeT, tITO JI11H11A, IIp1HaAJIe?KamaH rpynne = i - , 06JIagaeT
H
He60JIbmou HHTeHCIIBHOCTbx). IIo3TOMy, IIp11 HaJIIIIHII B o6JlaCTH 2990-3030
CM-1 AByX AOBOJIbHO HHTeHCHBHUIX JIHHHII, o6e OH11 AOJI)KHbI 6bITb OTHeCeHbl K
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BeulecTBO
(DopMyza
A.)
I'
P I
w I
I' I
P
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5
p
31188
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H2C-C C-C-C=CH2
2846
70
0,35
2889
100
0,52
2984
130
0,22
3082
120
0,60
I I I
2861
75
0,34
2911
170
0,31
3005
260
0,14
H H H H
--
-
-
2935
45
0,23
-
-
-
-
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H H
HCIITCII-1
1I2C=
2844
17
-
2907
160
0,30
3001
140
0,11
3083
50
1,0
I ! I
2863
50
0,19
2918
150
-
-
-
-
-
-
H 11 it
H H 11
IexceH 1
H2C= II3
2859
140
0,25
2896
200
0,47
3003
140
0,21
3082
55
1,0
I I I
--
-
-
2916
220
0,31
-
-
H H H H
H H 11 H H
OTTeH-1
I I I I I
H2C=C-C-C-C-C-C-CH3
2854
260
0,11
2893
290
0,25
3001
140
0,14
3080
60
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I I !
-
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2905
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2924
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H H H H H H H H
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H2C=C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-CH3
2852
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0,17
2893
470
0,47
3001
130
0,26
3081
50
0,x'3
2903
520
I
H H H H H H H H II
-
-
-
2922
440
-
-
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H
2-McTHn6yTeH-1
H2C=C-C--CH3
2858
60
0,17
-
-
-
3002
70
0,20
3082
40
0,72
CH. H
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
JInHxH rpy1n CH3 B cneI Tpax
TeTpa 1eT1 iJTnJIeH
J[nnponexnz
H3C-C=
CH3
H3C--C=C-
C- -CH3
CH3
C=C-CH3
2855
150
0
2G
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2882
160
,
22
0
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11 11
,
Aaa004nMeH
H3C-C=C-C-
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2857
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560
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CH3 11 H
H '113 It
II
2-McTHJ16yTeH-1
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H H
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rexceH-1
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I I I I
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II
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0,12
* Ho J(aHHuIM [142]; HHTCHCHBHOCTb - HO BII3ya.IbHOH O11eH1je; p - 110 ;IaHHLIM HaujIIX I13MepCHIIi[.
HoJIe6aHIIHM rpyrr CH3, IIpuBemeHHmx u yrJlepoJ{HoMy aTOMy ABOiiHOii
CBFI311. He HCKJiioileHO, TO Ha OAHy 113 3THx JIHHHII Ha1IaraeTC5I JIHHIHI rpynimi.
= C-.
H3 IIpHBeJeHHoro paccMOTpeHHn 3KCUepIIMeHTaJIbxoro MaTepuaaa cJlegyeT,
'ITO KOJIe6aHHH rpyHIIbI CH3 3aMeTHO BHROH3MeHSIIOTCH IIOA BJIIIHHIIeM paCIIo-
JIO?KeHHOH B6JIII3H Hee CBSI3H C=C. 3TO B03AeIICTBHe He CJIegyeT, OAHa1o, H3
o6LITIHbMX paciieTOB KOJIe6aTeJIbHbIX CHeRTpOB MOJIeKy.I. B Ta6JI. 60 COHOCTaB-
JIeHbI 3KCIIeplMeHTaJIbHble J;aHHbie II pe3yJIbTaTbl IIOJSo6HbIX paCTIeTOB J{JIH IIpO-
HIIJIeHa H H306yTHJIeHa, IIpOBej{eHHbIX CBepAJIOBMIM. B CJly'Iae IIpOIIIiJIeHa pac-
'eT gaeT gJIH gaCTOT Q'CH, H q"CH, IIpaKTII'ecnH COBIIaAaIOjAHe 3Ha'eHHH
(2976 H 2975 cm-1 cOOTBeTCTBeHHO),H CBepAJIOB OTHOCHT K o6eHM 3THM iIaCTO-
TaM JiIIHHIO 2956 cm-1.
OJ;HaRo Hpl y*3eTe IIpHBegeHHoro BbiIHe 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbxoro MazepuaJIa
ulIH 6oJiee CJIOtiKHbIX Henpe);eJIbxblx yrJIeBOJ;opoJ{on iiar Ka;KeTCx 6oJICe
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
A I
I,
P
w
I'
P
4v
I'
P
2916
20
0,19
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-
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2916
510
0,12
2936
260
0,33
2996
190
0,29
-
-
-
2962
150
0,79
3026
100
0,33
2914
1500
0,23
2967
100
0,47
3011
95
0,42
2917
180
0,16
2943
180
0,23
2988
150
0,14
-
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0,65
-
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0,12
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2965
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0,52
-
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2940
170
0,20
-
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-
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2965
85
0,69
-
-
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2938
320
0,18
-
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2968
250
0,54
-
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2913
310
0,10
2967
95
0,50
2987
65
0,57
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-
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3035
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IIpaBHJIbHb1M OTHOCTII H HOJIe6aHIII0 qCH, JIHHIIIO 2990 CM 1, Ha HOTOPyIO,
B03M0}HHO, HaHJIajjbiBaeTCfI JIHHH5I, HpHHaj.[JleHfaHZaH HOJI06aHIII0 qCH, Torj(a
HaH CHJIb1I IO JIHHHIO 3010 cm -1, HyHmo, HeCOMHeHHO, OTHeCTII H HoJIe6aHIIIo
gCH2? TaHHM o6pa30M, 9aCTOTbI HOJIe6aHHI3 q6. H qCH, IIOj[ BJIIIIIHIIeM J~BOB-
HOYI CBH3H HOJIygaIOT pa3JrH9aIoH;IIecH 3Ha'IeHH5I. 3TH Coo6pa?HeBHH HOA-
TBepaHgaHITCfI IIpII paCCMOTpeHHH CHeICTpa i1eiTepOHpOIIHJIeHa. 3ReCb Y I:oJIe-
6aHHH qCH, H qCH$ BbI'IHCJIeHHbIO LIaCTOTLI CHOBa OJ~HHaHOBLI (2224 cm 1),
TOrga BaR B IIH(JpaBpaCHOM CIIOHTpe HM COOTBOTCTBYIOT JIIIHIIH 2204 cu-1 (c.)
H 2219 cm-1 (o. c.) (no RaHHiIM CBepRJIOBa [147]).
B CJIyLIae H3o6yTHJIeua pac9eT CBepRJIOBa j[aeT gim *IacTOT HoJIe6aHHii
gffH, (A1) II qCH (B1) cosuauaioluie 3HaTIeirn 2899 C.i 1 (CM. Ta6JI. 60).
B geHCTBHTeJIbHOCTH 3TII gaCTOTHI pa3JIHLIHbI. JiIIHIIH qCH, (A1) II306yTHJIeHa
c LIaCTOTOII 2909 CM-' B cneHTpax 6OJfee CJIOMI4bIX HeupeAeJIbHbIx yrJIeBOAO-
pOAOB COOTBeTCrByeT OLIerb HBTeHCHBHan JIHHHB -2916 cAt 1. ,JIH BTOpOH
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ta6-iu a 60
HHTepnpeTaijHH KOae6aTeabHMX eneKTpOB Hpon11Jefa H B3O6yTIi7ena B O6 iaCTH
BaJIeHTHbIX KO.ne6aHIIIi CH
3HCnepHMeHTa.IbHble JjaHHLle
HHTepnpeTaulln no CBCpuioBy
Hama 1HTepnpeTal[nn
[146, 147]
l 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,6 0,o 07 08 0
8 9Z
0> 0,2 0,.~ zo,4 os a, 9,x47
PPIc. 28. 3aBHCIIMOCTb IHHplHbi HUJIHOCHMMeTpIIgIIbIX JIHHIIN OT aHH3OTp01113II TOH3opa npo-
IT3 BO JKHO l I IIOJI HpH3yeMOCTH
a - geTHepTHgHbnA aTOM yrnepoga, 6 = 3,8 + 120 g'4; 6 - HHTHgneHHOe IOJ1bI[O, p = 6,0 + 66 g'4;
a - IDeCTHgJieHHoe HOJibIIo, 6 = 2,0 + 7,5 g'4; 2 - gBOi1Han CBH3b C = C, S = 2,5 + 16 g'4
? 24. ConpHmeHHe J;BOIiHbIX CBa3eIi it ero BJIHHHHe
Ha CBOiCTBa TeH3opa HpOH3BOJ{Hoii HOJIapH3yeM0CTH
KaK yKa3bIBaJIOCb B ? 19, J;BOIiHOII CBH3H C=C COOTBeTCTByeT B CHewTpax
KoM6HHaI;Hoxaoro pacceaHHa JIHHIIa c gaCTOTOA OKOJIO 1640 c.hG-1, HapaMeTpbl
KoTOpoli o6JIagaIOT pe3KO BUpa?HeHHOI3 xapaITepIICTHtlHOCTbIO. EcJIII B MoJIe-
KyJIe pacceIrnalornero BeMeCTBa HMeIOTCJ ABe J;BOYIHble CBR3II C = C, pa3Re-
JIeHHble HecuOJIrHIIMH HpOCTbIMH CBH3HMH, TO 'JacTOTa COOTBeTCTBy1OII;eI3 JIH-
HHH coxpaHReTCH, a HHTeHCHBHOCTJ yBeJIH'HBaeTCH HpHMepHO B J Ba pa3a,
T. e. B 3TOM CJiy=Iae HMeeT MCCTO aggHTHBHOCTb HHTeHCHBHOCTeii. HOBMe HHTepeC-
Hble RBJIeHHR HaCTynaIOT, Korj;a ABe J{BOHHble CBR3H C = C ColpnHCeIIbI,
T. e. B MOJIeKyJIy BXOJ);HT XapaKTepHCTIIIeCHI1 I CTpyKTypHbIII 3JIeMeHT BHAa
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
C = C - C = C. IIpH TOM CBH3H CHJIbHO B3aHMo eFICTByIOT, H CBOHCTBa
BCei MOJIeKyJIM pe3KO H3MeHFIIOTCH. B CIIeiTpax KoM6HHaIIHOHHoro pacceH-
HHH 3TOT K3cIJ eKT COIIpHSKeHIIH> H OHBJIHeTCH B HOKOTOpOM yMeHbIHeHHH
'TaCTOTbI JIHHHH, COOTBeTCTByIOMeu ABOIIHOH CBH3H C = C, H B pe3K0M B03-
pacTaHHH ee HHTeHCIBHOCTH [116, 167, 1701. 31-iaiIHTeJIbHOe yBeJIHwHIIe
MHTeHCIIBHOCTH Ha6JIIoAaeTCH He TOJIbKO IIpH coIIpnmem H CBH3eli C = C
Me i y co6oA, HO II IIpH conprceHim HX C KpaTHbIMH CB313HMIl Apyroro THIIa
(C = 0, C = N H T. n.), a TaKHCe IIpH conpfHeHHH KpaTHbIX CBA3e1 c apo-
MaTII'IecKHMH KOJIbqaMH HJIH IIoA06HbIx KOJTeii mmgy co6oii. HccJIeAOBaHIITO
nToro }IBJIeHHH ][IocBxlgeH pHA pa6oT [16, 17, 116, 173-175, 179)].
TeopHH KoJIe6aTeJlbxbIX CHOKTpOB IIPHBOAHT H BbIBOAy, -ITO cOIIpg?HeHHe
HpaTHbIX CBH30I3 AOJISKHO HpOJIBHTbC$I H Ha BeJIIIiIHHe CTeIIeHH AeIIOJIHpH3a-
IJIIH JIHHIIPI KoM6HHaiRHoHHoro pacceHHHSx, a IIMeHHO, AJIH JIHHHR, cooTBeT-
cTByIOIUIIX KoJIe6aHIIHM KpaTHbIX cBH3el, IIpH HaJiHLIHH coIIpHSKeHHH CTeIIeHb
A0IIOJIHpH3agHII AoJIHCHa 6bITb 3HaiIHTeJIbHO 6OJIbfe, ileM AJIH axaJIOrliIHMX
JIHHHA B TOM CJIytIae, KorAa conpHSKeHHHHeT ([8], T. II). HMeiomHecB B JIH-
TepaType 3KcnepHMeHTaJIbxble AaHHble B o6MeM IIOATBepHCAalOT 3TOT BbIBOA.
OAHaKO B 6oJIbIHHHCTBO CJIyLIaeB BJIHHHIIe COIIp5HCOHHH Ha BCJIIItIHHY CTeIIeHH
AeTIOJIHpl3aI[IIH 113yLIaJIOCb Ha HpaMepe AOBOJIbHO CJIOH IIEIX coeAHHeHHT3,
coJ ep]KaIH;HX KpaTHble CBH3H pa3Horo TIIna II apoMaTHileCKHe KoJIbga [176,
177]. rI03TOMy pe3yJIbTaTbl ]dCCJIeAOBaHHII He BcerAa yAaeTCH OAHO3HaiIHO
TICTOJIKOBaTb. Aim HaH6oJlee IIpOCTOro cJIyiIac - conpHxteHHH KpaTHbIX CBH3eli
-rHHa C = C B aJIKaAIIeHax - CIICTeMaTHLIecIIIe H3MepeHH51 CTeIIeHH AellOJIH-
pH3agHH He IIpOH3BOAHJIHCb, a OTAeJIbHble AaHHbIC, HMeIOU HeCH B pa60Tax
[60, 1711, He H03BOJIHIOT cAeJlaTb OAHO3HaqHbTII BI,IBOA 0 B03paCTaHHII p IIpH
#OHpJ}KeHHII cBH3en.
B CBH311 C TeM, TITO 344eKT COIIp}}KeHHH IIpeACTaBJIHeT 60JIbIHOII HHTepec
BO MHOrHX OTHOTIIeHHHX, MM HpOBeJIH H3MepeHIIe IIapaMeTpOB JIHHHII KOM6II-
HaI[IIOHHOFO paCCeHHHti B cIIehTpax pnAa HeIIpeAeJlbxbJX yrJIOBOAOPOAOB
?C HpOCThIMH H COHpD HeHHbtMH ABOAHbIMH CBH3HMH [165, 1661.
IIpH H3y'IeHHTI CIIeKTpoB HoM6HHaAHOHHoro paccenHIIH COeAIIHeHIIII C CO-
TIpmNeI-nI IMH KpaTHhTMH CBH3HMH Heo6XOAIIMO CLIHTaTbCH C TOM, 1TTO CollpHxce-
HHe rJIy60KO H3MeHHeT 3JIeRTpOHHyIO o6OJIOTTKy MoJlexyJ]bi. B 3JIeHTpOHHbIX
CHeiTpax 3T0 npOHBJIHeTCH B YM0HbTIIOHHH TIaCTOTbI 3JIeKTpOHHbIX IIepeXOAOB
TI Bo3paCTalI HHTeHCHBHOCTH HOJIOC IIorJIou]eHHH. TaKHM o6pa3OM, 143MeHe-
ITHH B C1TeKTpax KoM6HHa1 HoHHoro paccecHHH npH conpr>Kemm KpaTHbIX
CB93OII o6yCJIOBJIexbI (aKTOpaMH ABOHKor0 poAa: 1) H3MeHOHHHMH TeH3opa
HpOH3BOAHOH IIOJIHpH3yeMOCTH a', CBH3aHHMMH C H3MeHeHHHMH CTpoeHHH OCTO-
Ba MoJIeKyJIbI; 2) Ae(opMagHeII 3JIeKTpOHHOIT 06OJIOi1KH MOJIeKyJIbI. Hac
6yAyT IIHTepeCOBaTb B HaCTOHIqeM uaparpacJe B OCHOBHOM II3MeIIeHHH TeH3opa
'a', IIOBTOMy 6yAeM paCCMaTPHBaTb Ae4JopMaJJ llo 3JICKTpOHHOH o6OJIOiIKII IIpH
colp}HfeHHH KpaTHbIX CBH3eH HaK IIpHBXO $I1I ee o6CTOHTeJIbCTBO, BJIHHHHe
HOTOporo HoCTapaeMcn HCKJITO'liTb. Bo3MOHCHOCTb pa3AeJlbHOro y'IeTa BJIHH-
HHH Ha KoJIe6aTeJIbxble CIIeHTphl Ae(])opMaIUHH 3JIenTpOHHOI3 o6oJloilKH H
T33MeHeHHH CTpoeHIIH OCTOBa MOJIeKyJIbT IIpeACTaBJIHeTCH B 3HatIHTeJIbxoTI
Mepe IIpo6JIehaTHTIHOH. OAHano MbI HpHBegeM HH}Ke pe3yJIbTaTbl HeKOTOpLIX
:3KcIIepIIMeHTOB, onpaBAbIBaTOIuHe Tanoe pa3AeJIeHHe.
Ae4 opMaT;IIH 3JIeKTpOHHOII o6oJIOLIKII MOJIeKyJITA IIpH COIIp5SKOH11H KpaT-
HbIX CBH3eH IIpOHBJIHeTCH B CIIOKTpaX KOM6HHaI[HOHHOrO paCCeHHHH B IIeJByIO
OgepeAb B pe3KOM B03paCTaHHIT HHTeIICHBHOCTH HeKOTOpbIX JIIIHIIII H B aHOMaJIb-
HOII 110 OTHOIIICHHIO K 3aHOHy I (V-Vx)4 3aBHCHMOCTH HHTOHCIIBHOCTH 3THx
JIHHHH OT 'TaCTOTbI V B036yxcAaioiAero CBeTa (v,{ - naCTOTa KOJIe6aTeJIbHOrO
IIepexo a). TeopeTHLIeCKOe paCCMOTpeHHe, IIpOBeAeHHOe B pa6oTe [172]
'(CM. TaKSKe [8]), IIPIIBOAHT K CJTeAYIOTI;eMy (DaKTOpy, onpeAeJIHIOmeMy 3aBH-
CHMOCTb HHTeHCHBHOCTH KOM6HHaWIOIIHBIX JIIIHHH OT TIaCTOTLI Bo36yH{AaIOIT;ero
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
F (v) _
(v - VH)4 (ve + v2)2
(v2 - v2)4
E
(24.1)
rAe ve- qaCTOTa 3JIeKTpOHHOro IIepexoj a. 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHLIe HCCJIeAOBaHHn
IHopbirHHa H Apyrnx aBTOpOB [168, 169, 173, 1741 noxa3MBaloT, RTO c opryJia
(24.1) KatIeCTBeHHO coriiacyeTCR c AaHHhiMH 3KCnepHMeHTa. OAHaiO B IjHTII-
pOBaHHbIX pa6oTax IICCJIeAOBaJlncb B OCHOBHOM AOBOJIbHO CJIO}KHbie coeRnne-
HHH, coj epSKail[ne KpaTHble CBH3II pa3Horo TIIna, apoblaTIItIecicne ROJIbI[a Ii
T. II. ,JIH Hau6OJlee IIpOCTLIX CoeAkIHeHni3 c COIIpR}KeHHJIMH CB313RMH - He-
npeAeJibHhix yriieBOAOPOAOB - He IIPOBOAHJIHCb CIICTeMaTHTIeCKHn3 IICCJ]eAo-
BaHIIR tIaCTOTHO1 3aBICHMOCTII IIHTeHCHBHOCTH EoM61magnomHmIx mil.
I103TOMy MLI IIOCTaBIIJI1 pa60Ty [166], B KOTOpOn 6biJla n3yLIeHa 3aBHCHMOCTb
OT 1IaCTOTbI Bo36y1KAaiouiero CBeTa HHTeHCHBHOCTII JIHHHYi, npnnaAJIe icaID,Hx
noJIe6aHHnM ABOIiHOM CBR3H C = C B cneiTpax HenpeAenbHblx yrJleBOAopo-
AOB C COIIpH}KeHHUIMH H HeCOnpRHfeHHbiMH CB313RMH.
Ta6alni a 62
3aBncniocTb napaMeTpoB IHHHii xo'I6nHaunoHHoro pacceannn OT giacToTai Bo36yacAaio-
Iuero cseTa
Beu ecTBO
(DOpmyna
Av
?`B036. A
I
1?
p
'
~v-yH~a
HeITeH-1
C=C-C-C-C
1642
4358
370
-
0,12
2-McTHJlneHTeH-2
C-C=C-C-C
1677
5461
110
1
-
-
4358
500
1,70
0,12
C
-
3663
2 700
4,46
-
AnaJlJrnJl
C=C-C-C-C=C
1642
5461
160
1
-
-
4358
650
2,22
0,14
-
3663
2 600
3,58
-
['excaAneH-2,4
C-C=C-C=C-C
-
5461
1150
1
-
(AnnponeanaT)
1657
4358
10 000
3,40
0,34
1668
0,35
-
3663
88 700
13,6
-
a-McTi rIeaTa-
C-C=C-C=C
1623
4358
4 700
-
-
AaeH-2,4
1654
0,33
C
renTaAHeH-2,4
C-C=C-C=C-C-C
1654
4358
7 600
-
0,34
1663
AJ1noornMea
C-C=C-C=C-C=C-C
-
5461
15800
1
0,41
1 I
1628
4358
183 000
4,45
0,38
C C
1649
0,43
-
4047
-
-
0,40
-
3663
1 490 000
16,7
0,40
HHOJiyiieHHbie aKCnepHMeHTaJibnbie Aannble IIpIIBe)eHbi B Ta6J1. 62. HaK
MOHCHO BHAeTb H3 3TOH Ta6JIHgLI, conpRHCeHne ABO1IHUX CBR3eI3 IIPHBOAHT
K pe3K0My Bo3paCTaHHIO HHTeHCHBHOCTH JIIIHIIYI B o6JIaCTH 1600 CA-' 14 K
alloMaJibHOII IIO OTHOIIIeHIIIO K 3aKOHy (v -v, )4 3aBHCHMOCTH HHTeHCHBHOCTeII
OT gaCTOTM Bo36pEAa10H[ero CBeTa. IIpH 3TOM Haanqne B MoJiexyiie pa3BeT-
BJIeHHi3 3aMOTHO crJiaMHBaeT yna3annbie IIpOnBJieiiiln 344eKTa conpTJn eHIIi:
CKat1OK IIHTeHCHBHOCTH CTaHOBIITCR McHee pe3KnM, a 3aBIICHMOCTb OT TiaCTOTbl
B036y5KAaKnIIJero CBeTa 6OJiee IIOJIor01i. 4JIR Toro iITo6bI HCKJIIWIHTb BJIHRHIie,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CIIEHTPII HOMBHHAUHOHHOPO PACCEHHIIFI H CTPOEHHE YPJIEBOAOPOAOB 217
TpIIBHaJIbHoro 4aKTopa (v - Vx)4, MbI IIPHBOAHM B Ta6JIHge TaIoi a BeJIH'qIIHbI
J = I/(v - vK)4.
B Ta6JI. 62 IIpHBOAHTCH TaKme AaHHbie AJIH CTeneHH AeHOJIfIpII3a41II H3y-
IIeHHbIX coeAIIHeHHI3, 113 KOTOpbIX BHJJHO, IITO HPH BO3paCTaHHH AJIHHbI ne-
IIOIIKH conpsnKeHHbix CBH3elI CTeIIeHb AeuOJIIIpl3arIHH yBeJIHIIIIBaeTC}I. 3TOT
pe3yJIbTaT Xoponio corJlacyeTCE C TeopeTHIIeCKHMH AaHHbIMII BoJIbKeHIIITeliHa
(CM. [8], T. II).
F aK yIIOMIIHaJIOCb B HaliaJie 3Toro IIaparpac a, BO3MO5HHOCTb pa3AeJIbHO
H3yIIaTb BJIIIfHHe Ha IIapaMeTpbI JIHHHII KOM61IHagHoHHoro paCCefHHH 1I3-
McHeHHH CTPOeHHfi 3JIeKTp0HHOII 060JI01IKH H HAepHoro OCTOBa MoJIeRyJIbI He
IIpeACTaBJIHeTCH caMOOIleBIIAHOI1. ,JIH onpaBAaHH1I HOA06Horo HoAxoAa 3a-
McTHM, IITO BJIII5IHIIe n3MexeHHI3 CTpoeHHFI 3JIeHTpOHHOII O6OJIOIIKH, IIpOSIBJISI-
iouieeCH Haii6OJiee CHJIbHO B CMeMeHHII 3JleKTp0HH01 IIOJIOCM norJIon eHIISI,
y'mTIIBaeTC$ MHOHSIITeJIeM 1/(Ve - v)4 B (J)opMyJle (24.1). LITo6bI BbISICHIITb,
He 3aBHCJIT JIH caMII KOMIIOHeHTbI Te1130pa a' OT IIaCTOTbI B036ywAalo1 ero
CBeTa v, 6biJin IIpo eiiaHbi H3MepeHHH CTe1eHII AeIIOJIHpl3aI;HII HpH pa3HbIX
v [166]. AJISi II3Mepernl3 6LIJIII Bb16paHbI JIHHHII 1628-1649 cm-1 aJ1Jiool;HMeHa,
B03paCTaHHe IIHTeHCHBHOCTH KOTOpbIX HO cpaBHeHHIO C OAIIHOIIHOH CBSi3bIO
C = C nal6oJlee CIIJIbHO, a aHOMaJIbnbIH XOA 3aBHCHMOCTH HHTeHCIIBHOCTII OT
V Bbipa?KeH Hai60Jiee pe3Ko. Pe3yJIbTaTbI naMepeHHH, IIpHBeAeHHbie B Ta6JI. 62,
IIOKa3biBaIOT, IITO CTOneHb AenoJIHp13aII:HII IIpaKTIIIIeCKH He 3aBHCHT OT Ilac-
TOTbI B036y5KAa1omero CBeTa. ECJSH yIIeCTb BHA (I)OPMYJI AJIA HHTeHCHBHOCTH
H CTeIIeHH Ae1OJIfIp13aAnH
6g2 I
I = C (5b2 + 13g2); p = 5b2 + 7g2
TO pe3Ko BbipaHfeHHyIO 3aBHCIIMOCTb IIHTeIICIIBHOCTII OT IfaCTOTLI (TorAa HaK
p OT IIaCTOTbI lie 3aBIICIIT) MOSHHO o6'bsICHIITb TeM, IITO IIaCTOTHaJI 3aBHCHMOCTb
HC'IepIIblBaeTCfl C>aJTOPOM, 06II1HM AJIII BCCX HOMIIOHOHT Ten3opa a'. 14CEJIIOIIHB
3TOT ()alTOp, no iyllaeM ninyp H aHII3OTpOIIHIO TeH30pa a', KOTOpbie He 3aBIiCHT
HenocpeACTBeHHo OT gaCTOTbI B036ymAaiom;ero CBeTa.
JIylIIIIe BCer0 3KCHepnMeHTaJIbHbie AaHHNe oIIHCbIBaIOTCfi IIpH IIOMOIIIH
(OPMYJIM Tuna (24.1), HO yIHlTbIB/aIOHUe1I \ /u3aTyxaHHe>> 'f:
V - vH\4 \y2 2 + v2\2 (24.2)
'F (v) __ ` ~(VI-v2)2 +412v 12
LJIH Ham x IJeJlell oIIHCaHHe 3aBHCHMOCTH HHTeHCHBHOCTH JIIIHIIH OT IIac-
TOTbI B036y T aioMero CBeTa IIpH IIOMOII n 3MIIHplIIecsou ()opMy3lb1 (24.2}
B o6HjeM BHOJIHe AOCTaTOIIHO, Tall KaK II03BOJIfIeT IICKJIK)IIIITb 3TY 3aBIICIIMOCTb
(pa3Hylo y pa3HbIX BeigeCTB) 11 HOJIy'IIITb COIIOCTaBHMbIC McHCAy co6olT 3HaIIe
HHSI IIHTeHCIIBHOCTeII AJIfI coeAHHeHHI3 C 113oJIHpOBaHHbIMn H ConpAHCeHHbIMH
CBII3SIMH C = C. Rai ynoMHHaJIOCb Bbimle, HMeHHO 3Ta IIaCTb 3aAa'H HaC B OC-
HOBHOM H HHTepeCOBaJIa. 3Ha'seHHH IIHTOHCIIBHOCTeII Inp, B KOTOPbIX IICKJIIO-
IIeHO BJIHSIHHe IIaCTOTLI B036yxlJaloBgero CBeTa, IIp1IBeAeHLI B Ta6JI. 63.
3gecb me IIpHBeAeHbI 3Ha'ieHHH CTeneHH AenoJigpi 3aI;HH (no AaHHMIM Hawiix
n3MepennlI). COBOKyIIHOCTb AaHHbIX AJIT I H p no3BoJIHeT onncani mIM panee
IIYTOM BbIIIHCJIHTb innyp n aH113OTPOIIHIO TeH3opa a' H COHOCTaBIITb IIX 3Halie-
HH51 Y HeIIpeAeJIbHbIx yrJleBO OpoAOB C H3oJIIIpOBaHHbIMH H conpsnIeHHbIMH
CBH3HMII C = C. F aII B14AHO H3 IIpHBOAIIMbIX AaHHLIX, coupnSKeHIIe CBM3e1
BbI3bIBaeT pe3KOe yBeJIHIICHIIe allH30TpO11IIH g. 3TOT ( )aIT MO}KHO JIerKO o6'b-
}CHIITb TeM7 IITO B coeAHneHHnx c CoHpS1HeHHbIMII CBSI3IIMII xapaKTepIICTH-
'IeCKIIM CTpyKTypHbIM 3.,ieneHTOM SIBJIHeTCSI KOMIIJIeIC C = C - C = C, KO-
TOpbIII CHJIbHO BbITSIIIyT 110 cpaBHeHHIO C ABOIIHOH CBSI3bIO C = C. B aJIJIo-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
,oWIMeHe, IIMeIOMeM TPH coop imeHHble CBH3H, HPOHCXOAIIT ABJIbHecIIIIee Bo3-
pacTaHne aHH3OTpo1111H.
BeIUecTBO
XapaHTepHCTH9eCISHFI CTpyH-
TYPHb1 27IeMeHT
IHP
P
b
g
2-MMeT1AaneHTeH-2
C=C
390
0,12
)lHaaJrna
C=C
325*
0,14 }
1
1
AHHponeana
C=C-C=C
1440
0,34
1,6
3,5
AaaoogHMeH
C=C-C=C-C=C
6700
0,40
3,1
7,9
Ta6arlrria 63
IIIIBapnanTLI Teu3opa npon3BOAHOf noaHpn3ye1ocTH y neHpe;keabnbix yraeBOAOpo) oB
C H3oaHpoBaHHbIMH H COnpHMeHHbIMH 1{BOIiHbIMH CBH3HMH
inyp b IIpH coIIpHMOHHH ABOI4HbIX cBH3eH TaKHHe Bo3paCTaeT. B IlepBOM
Hpn6JIH9KeHHH, cor iac o AaHHbIM Ta6JI. 63, MWKHO C'IHTaTb, HO-BHAHMOMy,
%ITO IIpH COIIpBJKeHHH IIpOHCXOAIIT KaK 6m IIflypoB OTAeJIbHbIX
.ABOHHbIX CBH3eII. HaIIOMHHM, 'ITO IIpH OTCyTCTBHH conpmHeHIIH cKJiaAbIBaIOTCH
KBaApaTbl IIIIyp0B b2, 'ITO COOTBeTCTByCT aAAIITHBHOCTH HHTeHCHBHOCTej.
B IIpeAIIOJIO)KeHHII, 'ITO cpaBHHBaeMble TeH30pbI IIpOH3BOAHOII nOJIHpH3y-
eMOCTH AJIIi cTpyHTypHblx 3JIeMeHTOB C = C H C = C - C = C IIMeIOT aK-
LHaJIbHylo CIIMMeTpHIO, MOSKHO MATH KO3((JJHB;HeHTbI yAJInHeHHg OCeu TeH-
3opa IIpH IIepexoAe OT OAHoro xapaKTepHCTII'Iecxoro CTpyKTypHoro 3JIeMeHTa
K Apyroiiy. Heo6xoAHMble AJIH conocTaBJIeHHH ()OpMyJIbI IIpHBeAeHbl B Ha-
IIleil pa6oTe [165]. B CJiy*iae IIepexoAa OT aJIKenOB K aJIKaAHenaM c COHpHxreH-
HbIMII CB3I3JTMII B AHTHpOBaHHOYI pa60Te 6bIJIH HaIIAeHbI CJIeAyIOII(IIe OTHOHIe-
HHII ocefi 3JIJIHIIC0IIAOB:
(al)2 = 3 5? (a2)2 = O 'g.
(al)i. (a2)I
3Aecb (a,)2 u (a1)I- HpOAOJIbHble ocn, (a2)I = (a3)1 II (a2)2 = (a3)2 - IIO-
nepetIHble ocH 3JIJIHHCOHAoB COOTBeTCTBeHHO AJIH CTpyKTypxbIX 3JIeMeHTOB
?C = C - C = C ii C = C. TaKHM o6pa3oM, 3JIJIIIIICOHA HpOH3BOAHOH IIOJIII-
plI3yeMOCTH AJIH nepBoro 3JIeMeHTa CHJIbHO BbITHHyT HO CpaBHeHIIIO C 3JI-
JIHHCOiIAOM AJIH CBH3H C = C. AHaJIorHtiHble BbIBOAbI 6bIJIH CACJIaHbI B pa6o-
-Tax [179, 1801.
3KCIIepHMeHTaJlmHbli3 MaTepHaJT, co6paHHLII3 H CHCTeMaTH3HpoBaHlibIii B
HaCTOSimeI3 pa6oTe, IIoxa3blBaeT, 'ITO BcecTOpoHHee HcCJIeAoBaHHe C]IeKTpoB
KOM6HHaIuuOHHoro paccenHnn 3HaiIHTeJIbHO pacmiipHeT B03MOHrHOCTII npHMe-
HeHHA McTOAa KOM6nHaAHOHHorO paCCeHHHH CBCTa K H3yileHIIIO CTpyHTypbl
MOJIeKyJI. CIIeKTpbl KOM6HHaI]HOHHoro pacceHHIIH BJIrOAHO OTJIHiIaIOTCH OT
ApyrHX MOJIOKyJIHpHbIX CIIeKTpoB TeM, 'ITO B HHX BIIOJIHe CTpOPO H IIpHTOM cpaB-
HHTCJIbHO HpOCTO MO}KHO y'eCTb HcHa?Kaiou ee BJIHHHIIC CIIeHTpaJIbH0i3 aII-
HapaTypbi H YCJIOBHH OIIbITa Ha HaMepneMble 3Ha'IeHHH napaMeTPOB JIHHIIg.
BJiarogapx 3TOMy MOH HO OT Ha6JIIOAaeMblx napaMeTpoB JIHHHYI IIepei3Tn K
IICTHHHbIM IIapaMeTpaM, 0AH03HaiiHO xapaKTepn3ylomnM ncCJieAyeMyio MOJIe-
'IryJIy B AaHHbIX yCJIOBIIHX (TeMHepaTypa, arperaTnoe COCTOIIHHe).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CIIEKTPbI KOMBHIIAL(IIOHHOPO PACCEILHHfi H CTPOEHIIE YPJIEBOAOPOAOB 219
Ha OCHOBe BcecTOponnero HCCJIeAOBaHHfl napaMeTpoB JIHHIIrI B pa6oTe pa3-
BIIT o6miIIi MOTOR ycTaHOBJIeHII1I KoppeJini irn MexcAy CTpoexHeM MOJIeKyJI
II cneKTpaMH FoM611HaAI1OHIIoro paccefiHIIf3 - MOTOR xapaKTepHCTHTIec}Hx
CTpYKTYPHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB II xapaKTepHCTHileCKHX JlnnnIi. B 3TOM McTOAe eCTe-
CTBenHO o6'begHHHIOTCH H o6o6JBaIOTCH ABa OCHOBHbIX HanpaBJieHH5T, B03HHK-
MHx B CIIeKTpOCKOnIIH HoM61Ha1nonnoro paCCeiHIIfi B IIep1OA, KorAa H3y-
'-IaJIHCb B OCHOBHOM TOJIbHO TiaCTOTbI KOJIe6aHHi3, - TeOpeTII'IeCKOe nanpaBJIe-
HHe, OCHOBaHHoe Ha pac'IeTe qaCTOT, II 3KCneplMeHTaJlbnoe HaHpaBJleHHe, oC-
T3oBanHoe Ha COnoCTaBJIeHHH CneKTpoB pia 6JIH3KHx 110 CTpoeHIHo COeAHHe-
HHYI. Ha OCHOBC McTORa xapalTepncTH'ieCKIIX CTpyKTypnbIX 3JIeMeHTOB H xa-
paKTepIlCTH'IecKHx JTHHIII3 HaMIi pa3pa6oTanbI CxeMbl CTpyKTypnoro anaJlH3a
MOJIeKyJi no cneKTpaM HoM6HnauiiOHHoro paccesIHHH IAJIFI Tpex 60JIbIIIHX rpyIIII
yrJleBOAOpOAOB: napa(B4HOB, Ha(T)TeHOB H HenpeAeJIbHLIX yrJIeBOAOpOAOB. )IJIH
Ilapa(f HHOB 11 HenpeAeJlbHMx yr7IeBOAOpOAOB B JIHTepaType HMeIOTC T IIOIIbITKH
CHCTeMaTH3agHH CneKTpaJlbnMMX npH3HaHOB, COOTBeTCTByIOMHX TeM HJIH HHMIM
()co6eHHOCTSIM CTpOOHHA MOJIeKyJI. HeAOCTaTKH 3THX IIOHbITOK COCTOHT B TOM,
-ITO, Bo-IIepBbIX, OHH 6a3IIpyIOTC33 IIO'ITH IICKJIIO'IIITeJIbHO Ha AaHHbIX o gaCTO-
Tax KOJIe6aHnn, BO-BTOpLIX, B HIIX HpeAIIOJlaraeTCH CKPbITbIM O6pa3OM, 'ITO
xapaKTepncTII'IecHHe 'IaCTOTbI Ka?KAoro CTpyKTypnoro 3JIeMeHTa IIpoHB:IHIOTCH
B cneKTpax He3aBHCHMO OT Toro, KaKHe HMeIOTCH B Mo1IexyJie pyre cTpyK-
TypHble 3JIeMeHTbI. KaH HeoJHOKpaTHO yKa3bIBaJiOCb Bbime, TaHOI3 aAAHTHB-
HOCTH, Boo6ige rOBOpH, He CynleCTByeT: eCJIH B MoJIeHy2Ie IIMeeTCfl HeCHOJIbRO
XapaKTeplCTH'IeCKIIX CTpyKTypnbIX 3JIeMeHTOB, TO o6mHII xapawTep cnewTpa
onpeAe)IfieTCH O6bi'IHO B OCHOBHOM OAHIIM II3 HHX. ECTeCTBeHHO, 'JTO TOJIbHO
IIPH y'IeTe IIOAo6HbIX OTCTylJIeniIH OT aAAIITHBHOCTII MO?KeT 6bITb IIOCTpoeHa
exeMa cTpyKTypHoro aiiaima Aim KaxcAoro KJIacca coeAIIHeiiHII.
PHA HOBbIX cneKTpaJIbnbIx npH3HaxoB 6bIJI yCTaHOBJIeH HaMH 61Iarogapn
HcnoJIb3oBaHHio, KpoMe qaCTOT, Apyrnx napaMeTpoB JinHIIiI KoM61IHaI;IIOnnoro
pacce$THHf.
HpejJIOHfeHHbie HaMH CXOMbi IIOCTpOeHbI IIpIIMeHHTeJIbHO Ii CTpyKTYPHOMY
aHaJIH3y I1HAHBhIAyaJlbnbIX BeIIAeCTB HeII3BeCTHOrO CTpOeHilfl. 3aAatia aHaJIII3a
CMecel, KoHe'IHO, 3Ha'IIITeJIbHO 6o iee cJIO?KHa H peIHeii a ee Ao H0HIja BO3MO5K-
Iio AaiieRo He BcerAa. OAHaKO B pie c iy'IaeB AOCTaTO'IHO 6bIBaeT yCTaHOBIITb
rpyIIHOBOII COCTaB CMeCH. HpH 3TOM HpeAJIO?KeHIible CXeMbI B OCHOBHOM CO-
xpaxfIIOT CBOe 3Ha'IeHIIe, Tax KaK HOJIO?KeHHbie B IIX OCHOBY IIpii3HaJH - 3TO,
KaK HpaBHJIO, rpymioBble IIpH3HaKH yrJIeBOAOpOAOB. PaccMOZpeHHbie HaMH
KJIaCCbI yriieBOAOpOAOB (Hapa(IIHbl, Ha(TenbI, He1peAeJIbHbie yriieBOAopOAbl)
COCTaBJISIIOT OCHOBHyIO 'iaCTb He4)Te1pOAy1TOB. Hpn pa3pa60TKe CXeM cTpyK-
TypHoro aHaJIII3a MbI H OpHeHTHpOBa.IIHCb Ilpe7HAe Bcero Ha upaKTH'iecKoe
IIpHMeHeHIIe Hx HpH HCCJIegoBaHHH He(TenpoAyITOB, HanpHMep JIHrpOHHOBbTX
4IpaiiHri 11 T. III.
To'IHoe I13Mepenne napaMeTpoB JIHHHI KOM6IIHaI(HOHHoro paccefiHIIFI AaeT
BO3MO?HHOCTb 3KCnepnMeHTaJIbHO H3y'IaTb TOH3op IIpOII3BOAHOH nOJIfTpH3ye-
MOCTH a'. H3MepHB HHTOHCIIBHOCTb 11 CTeIIeHb AenOJITIPII3aWIH HeHOTOPOH JIII-
min KOM6HHagiioHHoro pacce}IHHH, MO?KHO HaHTII innyp H aHH3oTpo1III10 3TOrO
TeH30pa AJISI cooTBeTCTByiomero KOJIe6aHII}I MojieKyJibi. 3TII IIHBapnaHTbl Ten-
3opa a' 6o iee rJIy6oISo xapaiTepii3yIOT OnTII'ieCKHe CBOITCTBa Aannoro KOJIe6a-
HIIfI MOJIelyJIbI, 'IeM HHTeHCIIBHOCTb H 11OJI3ipII3awuI KOM6HHaJJIIOHHOn JIHHIIH.
H03TOMy BO3M0H HOCTb IIPOCJIeAHTb 3a H3MeHeHH1MII TeH30pa a' B pn)Ae coeAII-
HeHHI3 C OAHIIM H TeM we XapaJTeplCTII'IeCKIIM CTpyKTypHbIM 3JIeMeHTOM JIJIH
npII nepexoAe OT oAHoro xapalTeplCTH'Iecloro CTpyKTypnoro 3JICMeJTa K
,Apyro y npeACTaBJI}IeT HecoMHeHHbIII HHTepec.
YKa3annbIrI McTOA 3KCnepHMeHTaJlbHoro H3y'Ienlfi TeH3Opaa'6bIJI IIpnMe-
HeH HaMH AJIH IICCJIeAOBaHHfi HenpeAeJIbHbIx yrJIeBOAOpOAOB C HpOCTbIMH H
cOHPAHieHHLIMH ABOHHbIMII CBSI3}IMH. B xoAe Hamnx HccdleToBaHi1A xapaKTe-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
pI3cTI1 HOCTH HIHPHHbI JIHHHl KOM6HHagnoHHoro paccenHHII o6Hapy1KHJIocb.
Taume, tITO aHH3oTpoHHH TeH3opa a' HeIIOCpegCTBeHno CBH3axa c HIIIpHHOI3
HOJIHOCHMMeTpHLIHbIX JIHHHIJ, HpIIHaAJIeH(aII;IIx AOCTaTO1IHO yCTOI3iIHBbIM Xa-
paHTepuCTHi1ecIHM CTPYHTypHHM 3JIeMOHTaM. HafigeHHaa 3KCHepIIMeHTaJIbHO33aBHCHMOCTb IIIHPHHbI 3TIIX JIHHHYI OT aHH30TpOIIIIH TeH3opa a' npeACTaBJIBeT,.
KaR HaM KaHfeTCH, CaMOCTOBTeJIbHbIII HHTepec. BMeCTe C TeM MbI HageeMCB,
RTO OHa nOMOHieT C03gaHIII0 TeOpIIH IIIHpHHbi JIHHIIYI KoM6HHaI;HoHHoro pac-
ceBHHB.
BbIBBJIeHHe XapaHTepHCTIIilecHux CTPYKTYpHLIX 3JIeMeHTOB H yCTaHOBJIe-
HHe nplHaAJIe?Kau eI3 IIM COBOxyIIHOCTH xapaKTepHCTHileCKHx JIIIHIIII Tpe6yeT,
Hapngy c aHami3oM 3KCrleplMeHTaJlbHoro MaTepnaJia, Taixie HpOBeJeHII5 pac-
*IeTa =iaCTOT KOJIe6aHIII3 HpocTeIIHIHx MOJIeHyJI, o6JIaAaiouJHX gaHHbMM xapaH-
TepHCTIIilecKHM CTpywTypHbIM 3JIeMeHTOM. McTognua pacileTa tlaCTOT KOJie6a-
HiIII MOJIeKyJI, pa3pa6oTaHHag EJIbsmeBIIlleM H CTenaxosbjr, AOBejeHa B HX
pa6oTax go KoHKpeTHMx pacileTHbIx cxei. Ognaio npaKTHilecxoe IIpoBege-
Hne pacqeTOB AJIB CJIOiHHbIX MOJIeHyJI BecbMa 3aTpyAHHTeJIbxo, Tau KaI Tpe-
6yeT BEInoJIHeHIIH oilenb 6oJIbmoro 'iHcjia MaTeMaTHilecxnx onepaJHI1. B Ha-
CTOHIIJei pa6oTe 3Ta TPYgHOCTb 6bIJIa ycTpaxena Bbimilc IeHIIeM ilaCTOT Ha 3JIeH-
TpOHHOII c1leTHoI3 MaHIHHe.
Hepegana Ha 3HeKTpOHHyIO cileTHyIO MafIHHy Hai6OJlee TpygoeMKoi 'IacTH
3aga*III - penieHHSI (a gaCTH'IHO H COCTaBJIeHHII) BeiOBbIX ypaBHeHHI3 oTHpb1-
BaeT mlpolHe HepcneKTIIBbI AJIB npHMexeanfl pac'leTHbIx McTOAOB K OIIpeAe-
JIeHHIO CTpoeHiUi MOJieKyJi. BMeCTe C TeM BCTaeT 3agaTla yCOBepmeHCTBOBaHHfi
McTOJ[HKII pac*IeTa. Cioga BXOAIIT 60JIee cTpornII ytleT aIIrapMoHHiIHOCTH KOJIe-
6aHHI3, y'IeT HeKOTOpLIX HO3411AIIeHTOB AHHaMHLIecKOFO B3ai1MOAeI3CTBnH,
KOTOpbie paHee noJIarajinCb paBHbIMII HyJIIO, yTO'IHenHe Beek CHCTeMLI gIIBa-
MH'IecKIIx IIOCTOSIHHbIX. HpII 3TIIX yJIyiIIIIeHHflx McTOAHKII MOH HO HaAeJITbcfl,
iITO TOLIHOCTb pactIeTOB 6yAeT IIOBEIHleiia H pac'eTbl 'IacTOT KoJIe6aHH9 HafigyT
eige 6OJIee HInpo oe IIplMenenne npii peIHeHHH TOHKHx BOnpocoB, CB5I3aHHNIX
C yCTaHOBJIeHIIeM CTpoeHHfl MOJIeKyJI.
HOCxoJIbKy peIIIenne 3JIeKTpooIITHilecioFI 3agwiH go CIIX nop eige HegocTa-
TOLIHO TeOpeTHLIecRJI pa3pa6oTano, B HaCTOHIIAe1I pa6oTe HHTepnpeTaI;Hfi Ha-
6JIIOgaeMbiX JIIIHIII3 B OCHOBHOM olnpanlacb Ha 3KCnepIIMeHTaJIbIIble AaHHble.
HpII 3TOM BCeCTOpOHHee HCCJIegOBaHIIe IIapaMeTpoB JIIIHIII3 KoM6HHaI[HOHHOra
paCCeflHIIH TaKSKe nrpaeT cyII;eCTBeHHyIO pOJIb. HOgO6HMIYI IIOAXOg BBJIHJICJI,
KOHeiIHO, B 3Ha'IHTeJIbHOH CTeneHH BMHyHigeHHbIM H MM XOTeJIH 6bi IIOAilepK-
HYTb 3geCb Ba}KHOCTb gaJIbHeYIIIIei TeOpeTH'eCKOH pa3pa6oTKH BOIIPOCOB
3JIeKTpooIITHKII KoJIe6aHIIH MoJIeIyJI. HanOxeg, MM CLIHTaeM yMeCTHMIM yKa-
3aTb 3AeCb TaK?Ke Ha B3?KHOCTb TeopeTJ 1ecxoi3 pa3pa60THII BOHpoca o IIIIIpHHe
JIHHHII HOM6HHaI;HOxaoro pacceBHHH - HapaMeTpa, H3yiieHHe KOTOporO B
HaCTOBHnee BpeMH HpHO6peTaeT Bce 6oJIbmee 3HalieHHe.
H r.iy6oxo 6Jiarogapen r. C. JIaHAc6epry, nog pyHOBO CTBOM HOTOpora
pa6oTaJI B TeTIeHHe pia JIeT, 3a HOCTOBHHOe BHHMaHHe K pa6oTe, IWeHHbie
COBeTbI H MHoroKpaTHbie o6cyi igeHHB.
HoJIb3yJoeb cJiy'aeM IICKpeHHe Ho6JiarogapHTb H. A.Ba nyaHHa, X. E. CTe-
pHHa H B. T. AJIeKCaHgHa 3a o6cyxiAexne pa6oTbi II KPHT11n CKHe 3aMeilaHIIB.
JIIITEPATYPA
1. I'. C. Ta'gc6epr, IT. A. Baxiyanll iM. M. CyIn 1lncHHH. Ocnon-
Hble napareTpLI cneHTpoB xoM6HHaunoHHoro pacceaiinx yrJiesoAOpOAoB. 113A-Bo AH
CCCP, 1956.
2. P. C. J[ a H A c 6 e p r. gox.najbi HOMHTeTa no yraeroAopoJaM, Bun. 1, cTp. 3.
PocronTexH3AaT, 1944.
3. M. M. C y ii; n 11 c x ii Ii. AHCCepTaTHH. Q)HAH, 1947. TpyAii'DIHAH, 5, 185 (1950).
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CIIEHTPbI HOMBIIHAT.WOHHOPO PACCEHHIIH 11 CTPOEHIIE YPJIEBOAOPOAOB 221
4. 1'. C. Tlait c6epr, B. A. 11 a3aHcRitfi, TI. A. Baxcynnn,
T. (D. BynaiioBa, A. JI. JII16epMaH, E. A. MHXaiiJIOBa,
A. (D. HJtaT3, X. E. CTepFtII, M. M. Cym1IHcKHfa, 1'. A. Tapa-
c o B a, C. A. Y x o it ii H. OIIpeAeneHHe EHAHBRAyanbHOro yrneBOAOpOAHOrO co-
CTana 5eH3IIHOB np0MOft roHKH HoM6r tupOBaanaIM McTOAOM. 1439-Bo All CCCP, 1959.
5. F. C. JI a H A c 6 e p r. HepcneKTHBbI HpJIMeReHnH OIITHgecHHX MOTOAOB AnR HCCJIe-
AoBaHHit yrneBOAOpOAHbIX cMeceiI. AOKnaTL Ha BceCOIO3HOM conenialHH no aay'IeHHIO
COCTaBa Her Teft H He4 TeIIpOAYKTOB H McTOAaM HX ncc:IeAOBaHRa (B negaTIu);
I'. C. JI a it A c 6 e p r. McTOAGI MOJIeKyJIRpHoro cueETpanbHoro aHaJIII3a opraim-
geCKrIX emeceft. TpyAbl BeecOI03HOro COBemaHIIR no XHMuH H nepepa6OTxe He4TH.
Batty, H3A. All A3ep6aflpaicaucxoff CCP, 1953.
6. M. A. E n b R III e B II q. J[nccepTawHSI. cPHAH, 1944.
7. M A. E it b a m e B it q. J1 All CCCP, 28, 605 (1940); 1H(DX, 14, 1381 (1940); 15,
847 (1941).
8. M. B. BOJIbKeHmTe1IH, M. A. EJIbameBHq HB. H. CTenaHOB.
HOne6aHuR MoJlexyn. FOCTeXII3AaT, 1949.
9. M. B. B 0 JI b K e n m T e %i H. AHCCepTaunH. Cn6. (DTH, ToEc1I, 1942.
10. it. C. M a R u g. Tpy ai QIIIAH, 5, 63 (1950).
It. P. 11 it am e H. PeneeBCxOe paccefHae u PaMaH-O4 eHT. OHTHY, 1935.
12. J. E. R o s e n t h a 1. G. M. M u r p h y. Rev. Mod. Phys., 8, 317 (1936).
13. r. r e p g 6 e p r. HOJIe6aTe'IbIlMe H BpanjaTenbHble cnexTpbl MHoroaTOMHbIx MOne-
xyn. FIJI, 1949.
14. M. M. C y to H H C K H it. 143B. All CCCP, cep. Cflrt311q., 11, 341 (1947).
15. 11. A. B a xc y it it it it X. E. C T e p H H. 143n. All CCCP, ceps ttwq., 11, 456 (1947).
16. H. H. III o p m r u H. H3B. All CCCP, cep. (1H3irq., 12, 576 (1948).
17. A. X. X a it H JI O B it H. H. IQ o p bi r H H. AAH CCCP, 78, 27, 1177 (1951).
18. M. M. C y u H H C H H ft. 113B. All CCCP, cep. c H3H*I., 17, 608 (1953).
19. M. M. C y u>, H H c x it it. ?H3T(D, 22, 755, (1952).
20. H.A. BamyJiHH, A.ID. HJiaTa, 0. 11. COJIOBOBa H B.A. Ha3aH-
c H H it. H3B. All CCCP, OXH, 1, 14 (1941).
21. 1. A. Batilcyit it H, M. (D. BoxmTeii H, A. TL JIH6epMaH,M.10. JIy-
Kit it a, E. 11. MaproitHC, 0. H. C0JI0B0Ba H B. A. Ha3ait eKit ft.
113B. All CCCP, OXH, 3, 198 (1943).
22. H. A. B a Hy,iit II, X. E. CTepit H, T. (1). ByitaitoBa, 0. H. CoJIO-
BOBa, M. B. TYPO Ba-HonaK uE.A. Ha3aHCIHii. 143B.AH000P,
OXH, 1, 7 (1946).
23. 11.A.BaaxynaII, C. A.Yx0JIHII, T.cD.BynaHOBa, A. B.RouePll
TI a, A. D. Hit aTD it B. A. Ha3ancttitii. 1130.All CCCP,OXH,5,480(1949).
24. H. A. BaaxynHH, C. A. YxoJIHH, A. JI. Tl r16epMaT, C. C. HOBII-
H o B n B. A. H a 3 a H C K H it. 113B. All CCCP, OXH, 5, 501 (1950).
25. H.A. BaxcyJrHH, A.B. HoneplHa, A.JT. JTu6epMarl, B.A. OBO-
A o n a, B. A. H a 3 a H c x II ff. 143B. All CCCP, OXH, 4, 709 (1954).
26 11. A. Baxcyit iH, A. H. CoHOJtoBeHaa, H. A. BeJI HHOBa,
A. JI. 'I H 6 e p m a it it A. (D. H Ti a T 3. Han. All CCCP, OXH, 11, 30 (1956).
27. C.B. MapxoBa, H. A. BaalcyJIHH, B.H. CTaHKO, A.(i. Ft it aTa.
Han. All CCCP, OXH, 7, 1280 (1959).
28. fl. A. 1, aalcyit it rt, C.B. MapxoBa, F.B. HeperyA0B, A.(D. Hna-
Ta, E M. TepeIITbeBa. H3B.AH000P,OXH,1,37(19H7). it it. OnTHxa
29. C. B. MapxoBa, H. A. B a m y Jr H H n M. M. C y Iu 1
It cnexTp., 1, 41 (1956).
30. B. T. AJIeKCaHRH, B. A. Ha3aHCKHfi, M. 10. JIyxuHa
H X. E. C T e p H H. 113B. All CCCP, cep. ( ii3nq., 18, 699 (1954).
3 1 . B. T. A J l e x c a I H n , X. E. C T e p H H , B. A. H a 3 a l l c i t H f t , A. JT. J1n-
6epMalt, E. A. B it ft H p Rit it rHit it o Ba. Han. All
CCCP, cep. f ium q. 19, 225 (1955).
:32. M. M. C y irk it H c it it it. 1`13B. All CCCP, cep. (rr3Hq., 12, 567 (1948); 3aB. Jia6.,
14, 1070 (1948).
33. M. M. C y IR it it c If it it. 7H3T(P, 25, 87 (1953).
H IRDT@,
3 'i_ 11. . 13 amyjinn, M.M. C Y IR H H C 11 H R. 113B. All CCCP, acep. 4niawL, 18, 678 K(1954); B
29, 822 (1955).
5. 1I. C. Burger u. P.11. v a n C i t t e r t. Zs. f. Phys., 79, 722 (1932); 8t, 428
(1933).
36. C. D. Shane. Lien. Obs. Bull., N2 449 (1932).
37. B. M. 11yit aif oBcIt Hii it A. B. TitMopeBa. H3B. All CCCP, cep. ~H-
3I11q., 11, 376, (1947).
38. B. H. C M it p n O B. Hype Bbicmeii MaTeMaTmfU. 4, FOCTexvmAaT, 1941: E. T H T q-
M a p in. BBeAeHHe B TeopHIo HHTerpaJIOB q)ypbe. rOCTeXH3AaT, 1948.
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222 M. M. CYH THCHIITT
39. H. 11. III o p bi r H H. iR(DX, 15, 1072 (1941).
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43. A. B. P a H o B H F. B. M H x a ii a 0 B. OTHeT (DIAH, 1956.
44. M. M. C y wI H H c H H R. 143B. AH CCCP, cep. H3Hir., 11, 348 (1947).
45. M. M. C y H[ H H C H H ii. 113B. AH CCCP, cep. I1314ii., 14, 387 (1950).
46. X. E. C T e p H H. 143B. AH CCCP, cep. c H311H., 14, 411 (1950).
47. M. M. C y n~ H H c H H ii. }H3T(D, 20, 304, 1950; AAH CCCP, 70, 221 (1950).
48. M. JI. C o C H H C Ic H H. 143B. AH CCCP, cep. H3H*r., 17, 621 (1953).
49. P. F o 1 1 i get t. J OSA, 43, 271 (1953); J. H. Webb. JOSA, 45, 379, 1955.
50. W. S. S c hock 1 e y a. J. R. P i e r c e. Proc. Inst. Radio Eiig., 26, 321 (1938);
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55. D. H. R a n k a. R. E. K a g a r i s s e. JOSA, 40, 89 (1950).
56. H. H. III o p Li r H H. AAH CCCP, 78, 469 (1951).
57. M. M. (1) a p a ~ 0 H 0 B. Aanaoxinaa pa6oTa. MFY, 1952.
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66. H. H. 111 0 p br r H H. Ycn. xHMHH, 13, 90 (1944).
67. H. A. 3eJIHIrcHHii n 1. C. JIaHJ;c6epr. }13B. AH CCCP, OXH, 1, 9
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68. F. C. JIaHgc6epr, H. A. BamyJIHH, 10. B. P03eH6epr HA. C-
E JJ H H e p. 143B. AH CCCP, cep. c H3HH., 4, 158 (1940).
69. II. A. B a arc y a n H. H3B. AH CCCP, cep. c n3H'i., 5, 168 (1941).
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CHEHTPbI H0MBYIHAI.IH0HHOro PACCE$IHIIS H CTPOEH14E YFJIEB0 IOPOJIOB 223.
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102. J. K. B r own, N. S b e p p a r d. J. Chem. Phys., 19, 976 (1951).
103. F B. M H x a H JI 0 B. Tpy1i X CoaeuaHHH no cneuTpocxonau. Vur. aau. JianoB-
cxoro yH-Ta, 3(8), 1957, cTp. 227.
104. P. 14. Hogaon*reHxo, JI. M. CBepAHOB H M. M. Cyu(HH0HHH.
OnTHxa m cneuTp., 6, 146 (1959).
105. D. W. E. A x f o r d, D. H. R a n k. J. Chem. Pbys., 18, 51 (1950).
106. F. F. C l e v e l a n d , P. P o r c e l l i. J. Cbem. Pbys., 18, 1459 (1950).
107. E. R. Shull, T. S. Oakwood, D. H. Rank. J. Chem. Pbys., 21, 2024
(1954).
108. S. S i 1 v e r. J. Chem. Phys., 8, 919 (1940).
109. D. H. R a n k, B. D. S a k s e n a, E. R. S h u 11. Discussion of the Farad.
Soc., N 9, 187 (1950).
110. E. F e r m i. Zs. f. Phys., 71, 250 (1931).
111. JI. C. M a q H u. AAH CCCP, 54, 27 (1946).
112. L. J. B e 11 a m y. The infra-red spectra of complex molecules. London, 1954.
113. S. H. Hastings, A. T. Watson, R. B. Williams, J. A. Ander-
s o n. Anal. Chem., 24, 612 (1952).
114. J. C. Evans, H. J. B e r n stein. Canad. J. Chem., 34, 1037 (1956).
115. B. A. 3y6on,F. F. HeTpam HM. M. CywHHcii Hk.HT3,5,119(1959).
116. H. H. III o p Li r H H. AHccepTauHB. 1Dn3.-xHM. nH-T BM. JI. H. Hapnona, 1949.
117. X. E. C T e p H H. AHccepTaUHB, WHAH, 1949; 113B. All CCCP, cep. (JH3Hx.,.
14, 411 (1950).
118. F. W. R o s e. J. Res. N. B. S., 20, 129 (1938).
119. J. J. Fox, A. E. Martin. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, 162, 419 (1937).
120. R. B. B arnes, R. C. Gore, U. Liddel, V. Z. Williams. Infra-
red Spectroscopy. N. Y., 1944.
121. H. A. 3 e n n H c x H H. I436paaable TpygbI., T. II. 143A-BO All CCCP, 1941.
122. A. cD. H JI a T a. HaTaJHTH*lecxax apoMaTHaauan napa4nHOBbIx yrneBOAopoAoB.
143A-Bo All CCCP, 1948.
123. G. W. Rath jens, N. K. Freeman, W. G. Gwinn, K. S. Pitzer.
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 75, 5634 (1953).
124. 14. 14. C o 6 e n b m a H. AHccepTauHH. (DI4AH, 1955.
125. M. G o d c h o t. C. R., 194, 1547 (1937).
126. F. A. M i 1 1 e r, R. G. I n s k e e p. J. Chem. Phys., 18, 1519 (1950).
127. B. A. Ha3aHCHHii, A. B. HoneplHa H M. 14. BaTyeB. AAH
CCCP, 56, 819 (1947).
128. E. J. Rosenbaum,H. F. Jacobson. J. Am. Cbem. Soc., 63, 2841(1941),
129. G. Chiurdoglu, P. Fierens, C. Henkart. Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg.,.
59, 156 (1950); G. C h i u r d o g l u , A. M a g u e s t i a n. Bull. Soc. Chim.
Belg., 60, 47 (1951).
130. K. W. F. Kohlrausch, W. Stockmair. Zs. f. Pbys. Chem., B31, 382'
(1936); K. W. E. Kohlrausch, H. W i t t e k. Zs. f. Pbys. Chem., B48,
177 (1941).
131. 0. H a s s e 1. rids, Kjemi Bergwesen, 3, 32 (1943); 0. H ass e 1, B. 0 t t a r.
Arch. Math. Naturvidenskab, 45, N_ 10 (1942).
132. 0. Hasse 1. Quart. Rev., 7, 221 (1953).
133. C. W. B e k e t t, K. S. Pitzer, R. Spitzer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 69,
2488 (1947). 15, 365 (1954).
134. M. L a r n a u d i e. J. de Phys. et Radium,
135. M. L a r n a u d i e. C. R., 231, 1292 (1950); 232, 316 (1951).
136. K. W. F. Kohlrausch, A. W. Reitz, W. Stockmair. Zs.f.phys.
Chem., B32, 229 (1936).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
224
137. 1'. A. A n e x c a H g p o B. OnTHxa H cneHTp., 3, 202 (1957).
138. C. H. XpoMOB, E. C. BaaeHxoBa, B. A. Ha3aHCHHii. ,LAH
CCCP, 96, 295 (1954); 97, 103 (1954); C. H. X p o m o B, 3. H. H H K, H. A. A K ii-In H H H JI. M. H H H H T H H a. BecTH. MFY, .Ni 2, 97 (1952).
139. G. Chiur doglu, T. Doebaerd, M. Maquestian. Bull.Soc.Chim.
Belg., 63, 470 (1954); 63, 486 (1954).
140. G. C h i u r d o g 1 u. Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 60, 39 (1951).
141. N. Sheppard, D. M. Simpson. Quart. Rev., 6, 1 (1952).
142. J . G o u b e a u. Die Raman-Spectren von Olefinen. Beiheft N 56 zu der Ztschr.
, 1948.
143. B. H. CTeii aaon. HIDX, 15, 78 (1941).
144. H. (D. F p y 3 A e B. ?HDX, 28, 507 (1954).
145. JI. M. CBepAnoB H H. M. HaX0MOBa. ,LAH CCCP, 91, 51 (1953);
?H3T D, 26, 64 (1954).
146. J. M. CBepAnoB H 0. H. BHHOxogo Ba.,IJ;AH CCCP, 100, 45 (1955).
147. JI. M. C B e p g n 0 B. ,L AH CCCP, 106, 80 (1956).
148. JI. M. CBepAnoB. OnTHxa H cneaTp., 1, 752 (1956).
149. JI. M. C B e p A Jr o B. Yg. 3aH. JILBOBCR. yH-Ta, 3(8), 1957, cTp. 278.
150. JI. M. CBepAnoB. gAH CCCP, 112, 706(1957).
151. M. A. EahameBHq. }H3TD, 13, 65 (1943).
152. M. E. EnbHmeBHq H B. 14 . CTeii aH0B. ,IIAH CCCP, 32, 48 (1941);
B. 14. CTeii aHOB. }HcDX, 15, 865 (1941).
153. B. It. C T e n a H o B. 113B. AH CCCP, cep. ([1H31PI., 11, 357 (1947).
154. E. W i 1 s o n. J. Chem. Phys., 7, 1047 (1939); 9, 76 (1941).
155. E. B. W i 1 s o n. J. C. D e c i u s, P. C. Gross. Molecular Vibrations.
N. Y., 1955.
156. P. H. H o g a o n g e H K o. ,HCcepTaAHH. MI'Y, 1957.
157. B. H. cD a g A e e B a. BbrgaCJIHTeJmmbre McTOAbr .nHHeiiHoii aJrre6pbi. FocTexH3AaT,
1950.
158. M. A. EnbHmeBHq H B. H. CTeii aH0B. }HXP, 17, 145 (1943).
159. P. H. HoAnoBgeii xo H M. M. CyrgaHC It HR. OnTHxa H cneaTp., 2,
49 (1957).
160. P. H. H0AnoBgeHKO H M. M. CyrgHHcuHi3. TpygmXCOBergaHHHno
CnexTpOCKOnHH. Y 1q- 3an. JIbBOBCKOPO yH-Ta, 3(8), 1957, CTp. 99.
161. E. I'. T p e n ; o B a , H. A. AIt HIn H H B. M. TaTeBCIt HR. }HypH. ana-
.nHT. xHMHH, 3, 75 (1948); H. A. AKHmHH H B. M. TaTeBCKHff. RAH
CCCP, 76, 527 (1951).
162. H. H. III o p Li r H H. H3B. AH CCCP, cep. f a ir'i., 12, 576 (1948).
163. B. A. Ha3aii cafii,M.10. JIyxnHa, A. 1/1. MaarranteB,B. T. Anex-
eanHH n X. E. CTepaH. H3B. AH CCCP, OXH, .N 1, 36 (1956).
164. F. F. Cleveland. J. Chem. Phys., 11, 1 (1943).
165. M. M. Cynq HncaHri H B. H. T 10 1HH. AAHCCCP, 35, 505 (1954).
166. B. A. 3 y 6 0 B. AHn.goMHan pa6oTa. MI'Y, 1955.
167. B. M. TaTeBCKHi3, E. F. TpeIIOBa, B. P. CKBapgeHKO, P. A.
.11 eBHHa,7HcDX, 23, 657 (1949); E. P. Tpengona, B. M. TaTOBCKHii,
P. H. JleBHHa, A. A. IPaiiH3HJ1b6epr, E. A. BHKTOpOBa. "rH(I)X,
26, 1266 (1952).
168. H. H. III opbirnH H JI. 3. 0caTHHCaaq. J_jAH CCCP, 98, 51 (1954).
169. JI. 3. 0 c H T H H c it a H. ,l);HCCepTaiaa. (I)H3.-xHM. HH-T HM. JI. H. Hapnona, 1955.
170. H. A. B a m y H H H. BbrcTyn.nenne Ha III Bcecoio3HOM COBelaHHH no cneKTpo-
cxouHH, 1941 (gaT. HO [81, T. II, CTp. 209).
171. Catalogue of Selected Raman Spectral Data (Project 44). Washington, 1949.
172. M. B. B o n i x e H m T e i i H H M . A . . H3B. AH CCCP, cep.
c(,n3Hq., 12, 548 (1948).
173. H. H. III opair]H H A. H. DDHHaea bmTeAH. HHcDX, 26, 1272 (1952).
174. H.H. III opbirHH H A. X. XaJrHJrOB. AAH CCCP, 81, 1031 (1951).
175. M. H a r r a n d et H. M a r t i n. Bull. Soc. chim. France, 10, 1383 (1956).
176. H. C. BO6OBHg H M. B.BoaE. xeHIn TeikH. AAH CCCP, 71, 1045(1950).
177. H. H. 111 o p br r H H. AAH CCCP, 78, 469 (1951).
178. H. A. B a at y a H H, A. B. P a H o B. ,1);AH CCCP, 105, 54 (1955). A. 14. C o-
K 0 .n 0 B C K a H, H. A. B a a y H H H. Tpygbr X Conen;aHHH no crreaTpocxonHH.
Yq. 3an. Jlbnoncxoro yH-Ta, 3(8), 1957, cTp. 225; H. H. P e 3 a e B. Tam me, cTp.
230.
179. A. H. D H H x e n b m T e i3 H. ,T HCcepTagHH. DH3.-xHM. HH-T HM. JI. H. Hapno-
na, 1950.
180. T. B. H K o B Jr e B a. ABTOpecepaT AHccepTagHH. HHCTHTyT BhcoxoMonexyaapHSrx
coeJHHeHni3 AH CCCP, 1953.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
AHWPAIUPACHbIE CIIEIC,TPLI II CTPYRTYPA
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pe3yJIbTaTbI IIpH IICCJIeAoBaHHII KpHCTaJIJIHHecKHx TBepAblx TeJI. OAHaHo IIpH
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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OTBCTCTBeHHO IIpl IIepexoAe OT eCTeCTBeHHOH CMeCH I430TOIIOB c Hpeo6JlaAa-
IHIeM aTOMOB B" K CMeCH II3OTOIIOB C IIpeo6JlaAaHHeM aTOMOB B 10.
1411 paxpacxble CIIeKTpbl Ge02, V205, As205, Zr02, Nb205, Ta205,
Bi203 B KpHCTaJIJIIIIecKOM COCTOHHIIH, P203 B HfHAKOM COCTOHHIIH 11 B102031
43e02, AS203 B CTeKJIOO6pa3HOM COCTOHHHH 6bIJI11 IIOJIyLIeHbI BIIepBBIe. AS203,
Sb203 H Sb205 6bIJIH HCCJIeAOBaHbI MHJIJIepoM H YHJIKHHCOM [28] OT 2,5 Ao
16 }L. CIIeKTpbl, IIp1BeAeHHble B 3T0I3 pa60Te, xopomo corJlacyIOTCH C HaIIIHMII
cneKTpaMH. He60JIbIIIOe pacxoHfAeHI3e AaHHbIX HMeeTCH AJIH 'JaCTOTbI CHJIb-
HO1 no iocm IIorJIoIAenHH B Sb203, KOTOpac paBHa 700 cu-1 no HaIIIHM AaHHbIM
II 740 cm-1 IIO AaHHbIM MHJIJIepa H YHJIKHHca.
14H4paxpacHbIfI CIIeKTp P205 6bIJI IIoJly'IeH RaameM II CMHTOM [311.
3Ha'eHHH'IaCTOT IIOJIOC IIOrjioigeHIin P205 B pa60Te He IIpHBOAHTCH. BHemHI1H
BHA CIIeKTpa HMeeT OLIeHb MHOrO CXOACTBa c HH(4paRpaCHbIM CIIeKTPOM P205,
IIOJIy'JeHHbI11i HaMH.
14n paKpacHble CIICKTpbI KpHCTaJIJIH'IeCKOro it IIJIaBJlexorO KBapi a 6bIJIH
IICCJIeAOBaHbI O'IeHb MHOrIIMII. B KHHre Ille(epa it MaTOCCH [32] AaH 063op
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Bcex pa6oT, HpOBOAHBHIHXCH AO 1930 r. LaJIbHeAmne HccJIeROBaHII5l HH()paxpac-
HbIX CIIeHTpOB xEapi a [33] B OCHOBAOM IIOATBepAIIJin pe3yJIbTaTbl paHHnx
xccJleJ[oBaHHIk. Hammes AaHHble xopomo corJiacyiOTCH c AaHHbIMH ApyrHx MC-
caeAOBaTeJIeII, HaIIpHMep c AaHHbIMH (DJIOpnHCHOA 11 HetiexnnHOII [33].
3HatIHTeJIbHoe pacxo}HAeHHe Haninx AaHHbIX c AaHHbIMH paHHHX pa6oT
HOJIy*IHJIOCb B CJiy'Iae 6opnoro alrHgpiga. -IacTOTbI IIOJIOC uoniomeHHi 6op-
Horo allrHgpHga c oijeHKaMH HX HHTexcHBHOCTH, IIOJIy'IeHHbie pa3JIHilHbimn
aBTOpaMH, IIpHBeAeHbl B Ta6JI. 2. B 3TOI3 me Ta6Jlnue IIpIIBOAHTCII noJIy'ieH-
Hme HaMH 'IaCTOTbI 6OpHOIi KiiCJIOTbi [30].
Ta6iuia 2
IlacTOTmI HH4)paxpacaoro cnexTpa 6opHOro allrugpHj[a H 6opxoli KHCIIOTbI
AuAepcou
MaTOCCu M B;iym-
Hauin
aaabe
%1 10, I B21? 0,
[35]
xe [34]
z(
[30]
537 (c.)
550 (c.)
637 (c.)
637 (c.)
718 (c.)
712
758 (c.)
729 (c.)
765 (o. ca.)
796
810 (ca.)
960 (o. c;T.)
1040 (ca.)
1095 (o. ca.)
1260 (o. c.)
1330 (c.)
1800 (Ca.)
2070 (ca.)
2220 (ca.)
2545 (ca.)
2750 (ca.)
1281 (o. c.)
1330 (c.)
CpaBneHHe AaHHMX MaTOCCH II BJIyIIIKe [34] c TIaCTOTamII 6opxoli KHCJIOTbI
nOKa3bUBaeT, 'ITO riojipleHHbiiI IIMH CHeKTp co ep?KnT CHJIbjlMe 'IaCTOTbM 6op-
Holi KIIC.noTbl: 537, 637, 758, 1441 II 3050 cm-1. TOJIbRO oJHa'iaCTOTa 1224 c.ai - I
Iix cIIeiTpa MoH4eT 6uTb npHnncana 6opnoMy aarIApIIAy. B cneiTpe, IIOJIy-
TIeHHoM AHAepconoM [35], Tai i e IIpHCYTCTByIOT 'IaCTOTbI 60pHOli KIICJIOTbi
1450 H 886 cm-1. HpIICyTCTBI3e nOJIOC 6opiio KI4CJIOTbI B cneKTpax,
HOJIy'IeHHbIX 3TIIMH IICCJIeAOBaTeJIHMII, o6'bICHHeTCn TeM, 'ITO o6pa3gbI 6op-
Horo axrngpHga BO BpeMH periICTpar iH CIIeKTpa HaxOAIIJIHCb Ha OTKpbITOM
BO3AYXe II 6bIJIH IIOABep?KeHbI AeHCTBIiIO napOB BOAbI aTMOc(epbl. 0 TOM,
HaCKOJIbHO CHJIbHO H 6bICTpO CKa3bIBaeTCSI BJIHSIHHO BOAAHbIX IIapOB aTMOC(])e-
pbI, MOHCHO CYAHTb HO CneKTpam, IIpIIBeAeHHbIM Ha plc. 8. Ha pnc. 8, a npn-
BeAeHbl ABa ygacTKa HHCJpaxpacxoro CnelTpa 6opHOro aHrigpnga. Ha pIIc. 8, 6
113o6paHfeHbl Te me y'IaCTKl cnexTpa, 3aperncTpnpoBaHHOro 'Iepe3 5 MHII.
noc ie BnycKa B03Ayxa B KIOBeTy. Mo1KHO BnAeTB, 'iTO game TaKoro MaJ1Or&
BpOMOHII IIpe6bIBaHIIH Ha OTKpbITOM BO3AYXe AOCTaTO'IHO, 'IT06bi CHeKTp 3Ha-
TIHTeJIbHO IIcxa3li.RCSI H IIOFIBHJIIICb IIOJIOCbI 60pHOlI KHCJIOTbj 3240 II 1448 cm-1.
.Ha pHc. 8, a-O noxa3aHO, KaK McHSieTCH CneHTp nJIeHKH B 3asncIIMOCTH or
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HIiPPAHPACHhIE CHEHTPbI x CTPYKTYPA CTEKJIOOBPA3YIOIIUHX OKiICJIOB 239
i3peMelH upe6blBaHIIH ee Ha OTHpbITOM BO3Z[yXe. Ha p ic. 8, e MOiKHO BI17 eTb,
' f0 C11 CT8l 48 Sac. npe6blBaHnx Ha OTHpbITOM B03Ryxe HJIeIKa 10JIHKOM Hpe-
BpaHRaeTCFI B 6opxyio KHCJIOTY. CHenTp, npHBCg0IIHbII3 MaTOCCH H BJiymKe,
o'IeHb nOXO}K Ha cneKTp, 143o6paxcexxbin Ha pHc. 8, B a cneKTp AHj(ep-
COHa - Ha cep pnc. 8, 0.
Borrno?ee aacrra, cM
5000 3000 2000 1500 11700 1100 30 2000 150013001100 3000 2000 15001300 1100
100
-41 99
2 4 0 8 2 4 6 8 2 4 6 B
gnuHa BanNb , ft
Piic. 8. I13MeIIeIIIIe I1II4paxpacaoro cnexTpa 6opxoro aririi piiga
B 3aBHCHMOCTII OT BpeMeHH npe61.IBaHHH Ha OTHpbITOM Boayxe
? - ABa yyacTaa IB(ppanpacnoro cnexTpa 6opxoro axrnppn0a; 6 - Te me yeacTHrr
c ieITpa 'iepe3 5 MBn. 6, 3, e - nameneuna cnexTpa nJreIHn cooTBeTCTBenno qepe3
40 Mnn. 3 n ac., 7 eac. B 48 qac.
1200
0
OHIIi6KH B 3KC11eplMeHTaJibxbix pe3yJlbTaTax xpii eJili MaTOCCir H BJrymxe
iC own6o=IHObiy 3aI4JiIO=IexxiO 0 cxoJ~cTBe CxeRTpoB 6opnon KIICJIOTbI H 6opxoro
axrHupnRa H 0 CX0 CTB0 Hx CTpyKTyp. AxAepcoH B pa6OTe [36], ocxonbinancb
Ha CBOIiX Raxnbix no cneKTpy 6opxoro axrH plRa, TaHxce rlpiixORHT K omn6o=i-
noMy nbIBOAy 0 CTpyKType 6opxoro axrnjpH1 a.
5. Ci mm me;icAy TIiHOM
HhI4 paxpacnoro cneKTpy OKHCJIa it ero cTpyKTypoH
I4H(lpaKpaciibie CHeKTpbl OHIIC.IOB, npeJACTaBJIeHHLIe Ha pnc. 5-7, MOryT
61,ITb pa3Re3iexbI Ha RBe rpynnbr. R riepson rpynne oTHOCSITCH cneKTpbl, IiMe
5
IOIgHe InnpoKxe lOJIOCbr HOrJIOHjeHnH, a IIMeHHO: ZrOa (13-22 EL), Nb2O
(10-22 ?), Sb205 (12-23 ?), Ta205 (10-20 ?), Bi203 (17-20 ?). I-fo BTOpoii
cpyiine OTHOC}ITCSI OCTa2lbxble CneKTpbI, mHpiixa HOJIOC KOTOpbIX He Hpenbi-
I1(aeT 2-3 ?, a BO MHOFHX CJIy=ianx 3Ha=IlTeJlbIIo McHbme aTOii BeJIH=IHHbI.
1431iecTHO, xTO Bel CTBa, o6JlaJaionwe R00pRHHawIoxxoii cTpyKTypoH,
li\le1OT niit paKpaCIIbie CneKTpbi HOrjioIneHIiH C HII3POKiIMII no IOCaMri. Tan.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
240 T. A. C1I OPOB
HanpilMep, n~eJIO'IHO-raJIOHJJHbie KpHCTaJIJIbi [371 it oxHcjIbI MarHHR [381,
6eplrJIJIHR H Kamm i iin [391, KoTOpbie IIBJIJIIOTCJI KOOpAHHaAHOHHwIMH CTpyK-
TypaMH, HMeIOT HHC palcpacabie cneHTpbl C IIHlpolIlMH HoJlocaMH norJlongeHIIB.
r10JIyIHHplHa HH()paxpaCHMX HOJIOC norJIOII1eHna B 3THx Kpl CTaJJJiax HopHgxa
10 ?. Mono no3TOMy HpegnoJlaraTb, TO IICCJIeAoBaHHbie HaMH Zr02, Nb205,
Sb205, Ta205 H Bi203 Tai e nMelOT KOopgHHaAHOHHoe CTpoeHHe. H gei3-
CTBnTeJIbHO, CorJIaCHO peHTreHOBCKHM J{aHHbIM, CTpyKTypa 3THX OKHCJIOB
xoopJUHHaI[HOHHaa [11].
HHC paxpaCHbie CIIeiTpbi C y3KIIMH noJIocaMH o6biqiio HMeIOT BemecTBa
c MoJIexyJinpxoI3 CTpynTypoii [281. PeHTrenorpa(HLIecxne II 3JIexTpoaorpa-
( wieCKIIe gaHHbie IIOI{a3biBaIOT, 'ITO P203, P205, AS203, AS205 H Sb2O3
I3MeIOT MOJIeKyJIRpHoe CTpoeHIIe. 3T11 Ben eCTBa COCTORT 113 MOJIeIynn P406,
P4010, AS406, AS4010 H Sb406, HpIIHaJ[JIeHfaIIJ4x K TO'le'IHOII rpynne CHMMeT-
p1iH Td.
DaRHC ii Bap6ep [8] rioxa3aJlli, HTO KpncTaJIJIIi'3ecKII}i II cTexJloo6pa3HbiA
GopHLIR allrtgpjig AOJISKeH COCTORTb 113 MOJIexyJI B406, IIMeIOH[nx CHMMeTpIIIO,
rpynrrbi T. CJIeAOBaTeJIbHO, 6OJibmHaH rpynna OKHCJIOB, HMe1o1JJ JX y3KHe
IIOJIOCM norJIOII;eHIIR, ge11CTBHTeJIbHO o6JIagaeT MOJIexyJIRpHOii CTpyRTypoii.
OJ;Hato cpegH OKHeJIOB, HMeJon nix y3xne HoaocbI nOPJIon eHHH, HaXOJ nTCR
TaKxce H Ta1He, xOTOpbie, CorJIaCHo peHTreHorpa( n'1ecIHM J;aHHbIM [111,
JMeIOT xoopgHHaI[HOxxyIO CTpyKTypy - 3TO Si02 if GeO2. ORICI BaHaJ{nn
TaK1Ke HMeeT, 10-BHJ[HMOAIy, KOOpgHHar HOHHyJO CTpyKTypy [111.
TaxnM o6pa3oDl, BCe OHUCJlbl, o6JIagatom ite cneKTpaMH c IIIHpoxnMn no-
JiocaMH, HMeIOT KoopgHHagHOHHyio CTpyKTypy, a OKIICJIbI C y3KIIMH nojiocaMn
norJlomeHHH B HH( paxpacnoM cneKTpe B 6OJIhfHHCTBe cJly'IaeB HMeIOT MoJIe-
RYJIRpHyIO CTpyKTypy, ogHaKO CpeJ(H HHX BCTpe'IaIOTCR TaKSICe if OKHCJIbI c
KoopgHHaunoHHOli cTpyFTypol3.
? 6. B_H(Jpaxpacxbie CHeKTpbI KpHCTa IJIOB
H COOTBeTCTByIOH;IIR HM CTeKOJI
Yxce B paHHHX IICCJIeg0BaHHRX xpHCTaJIJIH'Ieci oro it HJIaBJleHOro KBapI(a
6bIJIo 3aMeHeHO, 'ITO Kax HH(JpaKpacHble cneITpbI [32], Tax H CIIexTpbI RoM6H-
HaJ IiOHHoro paccenHHH [40] 3TIIX BelneCTB MaJIO OTJIH'IaioTCR OgHH OT gpyroro.
LlHCJIO UOJIOC H HX IIOJIOHfeHne OAHHaKOBO Kax B KplICTaJIJIHTiecKOM, Tax H B
CTeEJIoo6pa3HOM KBapi;e. HOJIOCbI B CTeIiJIoo6pa3HOM KBapI a ymiHpeHm H B
HeKOTOpbIX CJIy'Ianx 6JIarogapa 3TOMy yliHperiHo CMa3hIBaeTCH TOHKaB CTpyK-
Typa Hojioc. B pa6oTax IIOCJIegnHX JIeT 3Tn pe3yJlbTaTbi 6bIJIH B OCHOBHOM
nO,L TBep,,H exbi [33, 411.
B HaCTORllIeii pa6oTe HCCJIegoBajincb HH(ppaxpacxbie cneKTpbl CTexoa
Si02, Ge02 H AS203. Ran BIIJ;HO II3 pnc. 5, b - e H 6, a, 6, cneKTpbi CTexna a
COOTBeTCTByIOIgero eMy KpHCTaiiiia BO BCex CJIy'IaHx B OCHOBHOM COBnagalOT.
B cJlyKae As203 3TO CosnaAenHe o'ienb xoponiee. B c.ly'iae Si02 H Ge02
IIOJIOCLI B CTeKJIe yllmHpexbi HO cpaBHeHHio c IIoJlocaMH B KpHCTaJIJIe. CTpyK-
Typa HeHoTOpblx IIoJIOC SiO2 H Ge02 B CTeKJIe MacxnpyeTCR 3((eHTaMH yBIH-
peHHR IIOJIOC. OJ[Ha O'IeHb CJIa6ag JilHHR RpHCTaJIJIH'IecxorO KBapI a 696 cm-1
He HpoHBJIReTCR B cneuTpe IIJIaBJIeHOro KBapI a.
BoJlbIioe CXOJ(CTBO cneITpoB CTeHira H xpncTaiiiia Si02 H GeO2 rosopHT
o6 O'JOHb CXOAHOM CTpoeHHH CTpyRTypHLIx 3JIeheHTOB CTexJIa It xpncTaJiiia.
COBIIaJ(eu1e CHeRTpoB CTOKJla II KpIICTaJIJIa As O3 yxa3LIBaeT Ha TO, 'ITO
CTeIJIO, Tax me xaK H KpHCTaJijia [11], COCTOHT H3 MOJIeKyJI AS406, IIMeiomHx
cHMMeTp1IO rpynnbi Td.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HH4IP a1:PACHhIE CIIEHTPbI H CTPYKTYPA CTEKJIOOBPA3YIOBIIIX OKIICJIOB 249
FJIABA II
ROJIEBATEJIbHbIFI CHEKTP H CTPYKTYPA
(DOC(DOPHCTOrO AHrHAPH)JA [42]
B IIpeAbijlyi eii riiaBe H3JIOH{eHbl IIOJIytleHHble HaMH 3KCIIep1MeHTaabHble
pe3yJlbTaTbi no HccJIeAOBaHHlo HHC~paxpacablx CIIelTJ1OB rpynnbI OKIICJIOB,
KoTopble, corJiadHO npeACTaBJIeHHfM TeopHH 3axapxaaexa, J;OJI}KHbI j asaTb
CTeKJia. Ha OCHOBaHHH 3TIIX pe3yJlbTaTOB 6buJIII cAeJlaHbl HeROTOpble o6MIle
3aKJIKFLIeHHFI 0 cTpyKType HCCJIeROBaHHMX OKIICJIOB. Oj[Hano ji,aHHbie o6 IIII-
(4paKpacHblX CIIeKTpax HeAOCTaTO'IHII AJIB Toro, IIT06bi MOHCHO 6bijio Ha oCHO-
BaHIIH IIX j;eaiaTb Icanme-JFII6o 3aHJIIOTIeHHH 0 CTpyKType 3JIeMeHTapnbix BLIeeic
13 Ko0pj[IIHaAIIOHIIbIX BeMeCTBax HJIH 0 CTpyKType MOJIeKyJI B MOJIeKyJIHpHbIX
Bemi eCTBax. ropa3A0 60JIbiue Mo}HHO cKa3aTb 0 CTpyKType BeWeCTBa, man er0
HOM6IIHagHoHHbIIi II IIH(])panpadHbII3 CIIeHTpbI.
B 3TOiI H J ByX cJiepyIOH[Hx raaBax MbI 6o iee IIOj[p06H0 OCTaHOBHMCB TOJIb-
no Ha Tpex oEncJiax: (4OC(OPHCTOM, (OC(OPHOM H 6opHOM aHrHJ>;pnjAax. JIB
3TIIX I3eu1;eCTB, Icp0Me Hamnx gaHHbIX o6 HX IIHC panpacHbIX dneKTpax, 11ibI IIMe-
eM Tanxce j{aHHble o6 mix Rom611Hag uOHHbIX cnenTpax.
Kan y}ICe 6biJIO yica3axo BO BBej;eHHH, (0C(~OpHCTbIYI alriigpii , COrJIacHO
TeopHH 3axapma3ena, joJDHeH IIpHHaAJlexcaTb K -IHCJIy cTeIJFoo6pa3yIOIIkIIx
OKIICJIOB. OAHano B JIHTepaType HeT CBej[enmi 0 IIOJly'IeHHH H3 Hero cTeIJIa, IIo-
:)TOMy OTHeceHHe er0 K rpynne cTeIJloo6pa3yIoII);Hx OJIICJIOB TOJIbno (])opMaJIb-
Hoe, OCIIOBaHHoe Ha yna3arHBx TeopHH 3axapna3eHa.
(DOC(])OpiICTbIIi anri4ApIIA - JIerioruiaBKOe H JlerlcoJleTyilee BeII1,ecTBO. Ero
TeMHepaTypa HJIaBJIeHIIB 23,8? C, KnreHHB - 173? C. Eire B HOHAe HpoiUJIOro
Berta Topes H TaTTOH [24], II3MepRB IIJIOTHOCTb IIapoB c4000 OpliCTOro aiirii--
pilj(a IIpi He O'IOHb BbICOKIIX TeMIIepaTypax, yCTaHOBHJIH, 'ITO (]JOC(OpIICTbJII
aHPlij(puIj( B ra3006pa3HOM COCTOBHHH COCTOIIT 113 MOJIehyJI P4O6. TaKan ice
(opMyna 6bIJIa noJIy=IeHa HMH H nyTOM H3MepeHHB IIOHH}KeHHH TeMIIepaTypb;
3aMep3aHHB 6eH3oJIa npii paCTBOpeHHH ()OC(OpIICTOrO anrui pnj{a B 6eH3owIe.
143y'IeIIHe j[H(paKI);HH 3JIeHTpOHOB [43] Hona3aJIO, 'ITO ra3oo6pa3Hblfl C])OC(0-
pHCTbIII allriijlpHg COCTOIIT 113 MOJIeKyJI P406, IIMeionrix CIIMMOTpIHO TOqe'IHOII
rpyIIIIbI Td. CTpOeHIIe MOJienyJibI ()OC(])OpHCToro anrm1 pnAa B H{HAHOM H TBep-
10b1 COCTOBHHII H3y'IaJIOCb McTOJ{OM HOM6HHaAoHHOr0 pacceBHIIB CBeTa ]15[.
113 Toro (])aicTa, tITO CTOIIOHb jl;enOJIBpH3aI[HH OJ;HOH H3 JIIIHHII CneKTpa paBHa
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j[ByX Hy611TlecuHX TO'Ie'IHbix rpyIIII CHMMeTp1II Td IIJIH Oh. Oj1,HaHo 143 paBeH-
CTBa HyJIJO CTeIIeHH AeHOJIBpH3aIJHH Oj);HOII HOM6HHaAHOHHOH JIIIHHH euje HeJIb-
39 HagexcHo 3aIJIK)TIHTb,'ITO Mo ieiyJia OTHOCIITCH K Hy6H'Iecnoi3 rpynne CHM-
McTpHH: IIOJIBpH3agHOHHble H3MepeHHB o6b1 IHO He OLIeHb TO'IHbI H HeJlb3B CKa-
3aTb, j(eiiCTBHTeJIbHO JIII CTeIIeHb Re1OJIBpH3aI1;HH paBHa HyJIIO HJIH }ice OHa OT-
JIHLIHa OT HyJIB, Ho Mafia [ 441. HpoMe Toro, ec imi Aaxce C'IHTaTb, 'TO CTel0Hb
,j euoJIBp13aI[HII AeIICTBIITeJIbHO paBHa HyJIIO, TO HeJIb3B C IIOMOIJAbIO TOJIbKO Oj--
Horo CHeKTpa KoM6HHal);HOHHoro paccenHIIB CBeTa cAeJlaTb HageBCnbII3 BbI60p
M0}1{) MOj);eJIBMH Td H Oh. Ho3TOMy Heo6xoj(HMbi AOIIOJIHIITCJIbHbie J aHHble j>;JIB
yCTaHOBJIeHHB CTpyKTypbl MOJIeHyJlbi (]1OC(OPHCTOro allrii pHAa B }KHAKOM CO-
CTOHHIIH. TaHHe AOHOJIHIITeJlbxble gaHHbie j(aeT H3y'IerHe IIH(panpacnoro
cnerTpa (OCCoplacTOro aHrHApHjIa.
? 7. OIIpej>iacTOTOii 636 GM-1 (2.636 =
=1272 c.rt-1).
Tai11M o6pa3OA1, 113 TpeX CI1.1b11b1X IIOJIOC IIH IpaxpacHoro cneliTpa TOJIbRO
ABO HOJBOCbI C MiaCTOTa1Ii 636 it 911 cm-1 CJIeAyeT IIplHRTb 3a OCIIOBBble. BpaA
Jill MO?KHO oacIJAaTb, i1TO oAHa (IIJIII HeCKOJIbKO) 113 CJIa6blx MacTOT, Ha6J1loAen-
HjIX B iII1(paHpaCHOM CIIeKTpe, HBJIReTCH OCHOBHOII, OAHaHO TalaB BO3MO?K-
IIOCTb IIOJIHOCThIO He IIcic 1oreHa it 6yAeT paCCMOTpelia B AaJIbBeflIneM.
14Ta1i, 6yAeM BHagaBle CMI1Ta'Ib, 'ITO B HB(fIpaIpaCHOM CIIehTpe IIMOIOTCR
TOJIbHO ABe OCHOBHble LIacToTbi - 636 it 911 C.hG-1. Out tlacToTbl COBIIaAa1OT B
npeAeiiax ouih66oI. 3KC1lephAleHTa c -qaCTOTaMlr cueRTpa KoM61IHa1>,HoH1IOro
pacceRHHR 643 H 919 cm-1. Bponle Toro, B cneKTpe HoM6BHaunoxnoro pacceR-
IIIIR IIMeeTCR eu e lRTb TIaCTOT OCHOBBbIX KoJle6anuli.
14HC paiipadHblli II EoM6IIIragIIOBHbiR C11ewTpbr ~OC(IOp11CTOTO aBr1J pr1Aa
o611agalOT TpeMR XapalTepHbIMII 'IepTamu, KOTOpble II03BOJIRIOT 113 B03MCH BMIX
MOAeJIeIi AIOJIeHyJIb1 (OC(Opl1CTOr0 aHTIIApBAa Bb16paTb OAHy eAIIHCTBeBBY1O
AUOAeJlb.
HepBan xapaHTepIlan LIepTa COCTOIIT B TOM, IqTO gHcjio anuiIii KOM6IIHa-
ItHoHHoro pacceRHHR (CeMb) 31Ia9IITeJlbHO npeBbiniaeT LIIICJIO CIIJIbHbIX JIIIHYiII
lii pahpacHoro CIIeKTpa (JIBe). Ha OCHOBaHIIII 3TOT0 (aKTa MO?KHO
yTBep?KAaTb, LITO MOJieiyJla He MO?KeT HpIIHaAJIeH aTI, K TOM TOLIe9HLIM rpyH-
IIaM CIIMMeTpIIH, AJIR KOTOpJiIX JIHHBH, aHTHBBble B cueHTpe HOM6nBaiWOH-
IIOTO paccommit, aBTHBHbr TaH1HO it B HH( paiipacnoM cneKTpe. 1i 3TIIM rpyII-
HaM OTHOCRTCR CJreAyIOJI11C: C.,, CS, C3, C3v, Coco (CM., HanpliMep, [44],
Ta6JI. 35, 36 it 55). CJIeJyronlan xapaliTepHa i oco6e1IHOCTb CIICKTpOB CO-
CTOIIT 13 TOM, 'ITO ITMeIOTCR ABe CIIJIbHbIO JIIIHIII1 1111ipaHpaCHOro CIIeKTpa,
KOTOpble IIp11CyTCTBYIOT B CIIOKTPO KOM61IHaIWOHHOrO pacceRHHR (JTnHHR 911
11 636 cm -1). 113 3TOrO MO?KHO iaEJIIOgltTb, 'ITO MoJIeKyJIa He Mo?KeT IIpli-
HaAJIeBCaTb K TCM To=IegnbIM rpynnaM, KOTOpb1O IIMeIOT ueHTp cnMMeTpnir,
11JI11 H TeM TO`IeqHbIM rpynnaM, AJIR E0TOpbIX JIIIll1111 nii paupacxoro cneKTpa
3allpelueHbr B noM61rlaiimomiomi cneKTpe, a JIIIHnH Kom6IIHaIUJOHHoro CIIeK-
Tpa 3atiperueubi B 11H(lpaiipacIIOM cneKTpC. TaiIIMII TOLIe'IHbIMII rpyunaMll
CnMMeTpHli RBJIJIIOTC51: Ci, C21t, D211 =Vh, S6, C41i, C6h, D&h D4d, D4h, D5h,
D6h, D,,,, 01i. HaROHeq, TpeTbH xapaKTeprlaii Oco6eHHOCTb CIIeKTPOB CO-
CTOIIT B TOAI, 'TO He IIMeeTCR CIIJIbIILIX JIHII1iii IIH4lpaupaCHOro cIIeHTpa, KO-
TOpble ne 6b1JIII 6bI aHTIIBHb1 B CneHTpe Eox16il11atpoHHoro paccenHIln. 3T0
1103BOJI510T IICKJIIO'IHTb 113 paCCMOTpeHIIR BCO TO Totie'IHble I-pyIIIIbl CIIMMOT-
pH11, AJIR KOTOpbIX IIMeIOTCH maCTOTbI, aKTHBHble B IIH(J)paxpaCHOM CIIeKTpO,
HO He aHTIIBBhIO B CIIOHTpe RoM611IIar;IIonnoro pacceanln, CBeTa. K HnM
OTHOCRTCR cJieAyroWlle rpyllIlbl: D3, D4r D5i D6, C31, CSh, D3h. CJIeAyeT
cRa3aTb, iITO HCKJHOLIeHHe 113 paCCMOTpeHIIR 3T11X Tone'IHbIX rpy1Il He qB-
JIReTCR TaKHM 6eccuopiii i, Kali B IIepBbIX AByX cJIyLIanx. LeJIO B TOM, 'ITO
JH(Jlpaxpacllbdi CneHTp HccJIe,oBan TOJIbRO go 430 cm1, H MO?Krio upeAIIo-
JraraTb, =ITO LIaCTOThI, alhTnBHble B IIH(J1paRpacHOM CIIeHTpe, 110 He alTHBIIhle
B cneKTpe KoM6lrHaunoHlloro pacceRHHR, pacHOJio?I.eabi Iin?Ke 430 cm-1.
HoCJIe Toro, Kah o16pOlIIeHbr BCC MoAeJIII MOJIeRyJILI, KOTOpble lie yAOB-
J1eTBOpRIOT TpeM nepemucacimbIM Bbime Tpe6o13anaRM, B HameM paCIIOpBHCe-
1111I1 OcTaeTCH eiue 12 To'e'InbIX rpy11II CIIMMeTprln, a r]Memt lo: C21, D2, C4,
C5, C6, S4, C4z, C5,, C6z:, D2a, T, Z'a.
JJ1H 3TnX rpynn MO?Kno HOAc9IITaTb i1HCJIO KoJIe6aunli pa3JlntIlloro THIIa
CHMMOTpHH H 113 aKTIIBIIOCT1, [42]. Pe3yJIbTaTbl TaHOrO IIOACMeTa IIpeACTaB-
JleHbl B Ta6JI. 4, I13 KOTOpOII BHAHO, "ITO TOJIbKO MOAOJIb AMOJIeIYJIbI Py06,
IIpnIIaAJIe$KJ(bI BbIp0iHJ(eHHOMy 3aupell(eHHOMy
KOJIe6aHIIIO Tuna Fl.
Ta6aliiia 5
IIHTepIlpeTallltH IIH(,palipaCHoro Ii io\I66i[HailHoHHoro cHCJ Tp0B 4)ocl opICTOro anrnApuAa
IHglpafipacHbl11
cneHTp, CM.-1
532 (ca.)
568 (o. ca.)
636 (c.)
697 (ca.)
827 (o. ca.)
911 (o. C.)
1186 (o. cat.)
1270 (c.)
1471 (o. ca.)
1532 (cp.)
1851 (o. ca.)
CneHTp HOM6nHa-
J I10HHOro pac-
CeHHHH, Cht-1
302 (5)
370 (0)
407 (5)
465 (1)
613 (20)
643 (18)
919 (2)
1029 (3)
V10
V5
V9
V4
V7 - V5
2v1o
Vi
V8
V( + v1o
V4 -I- V5
V7
V3
V7 + I V10
2v8
V1 + V7
V7 + V8
2v7
BbIoodnIeHHoe 3Ha-
YeHHe `IacTOTiI
541
604
709
835
1213
1272
1524
1547
1822
THn CIIMMCTpnn BepXHe-
ro Hone6aTesbHoro co-
CTOHHHH
FZ
F1
E
A2 + E -}- F1-{- F2
A1?E+F2
Ai
F2
Ai + E + F1 + F2
F1+F2
E
A1+E+Fi4-F2
A1+E+F2
F2
A1+E+FI-!-F2
A1+E+F2
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CJIa6ble qaCTOTbl HH()paxpacxoro cneKTpa MoH;HO HHTepnpeTnpoBaTb KaK
CyMMapHble HJIH pa3HOCTHble'IaCTOTbl OCHOBHLIX HOJIe6aHHYI. HOJIHaH HHTepIIpe-
Tai[HB CneiTpa npHBeAeHa B Ta6JI. 5, H3 KOTOpOI3 BHAHO, tITO npH noMowwII qac-
TOTbI 370 cu-1, OTHeceHHOI3 H THny CHMMeTpHH F1, xopoulo HnTepnpeTHpyIOTCB
ABe qaCTOTbl HHC panpacnoro cneHTpa -532 H 827 cm-I.- 3T0 noATBepmAaeT
cnpaBeAJIIIBOCTb OTHeCOHHSI ' iaCTOTbI 370 cm-1 H OCHOBHLIM KOJIe6aHHFIM. Rau
113BeCTHO, pa3HOCTHble gaCTOTLI Vg - Vi AOCTaTOTIHO HHTeHCHBHbI TOJIbIfO KorAa
iIaCTOTa Vi MaJla. B Hamej CIIeKTpe HMeeTCB TOJIbRO oAHa pa3HOCTHa5I qaCTOTa
V7- V5, H B 3TOM CJIyilae qaCTOTa V5 = 370 cm-1 AeIICTBHTeJIbHO MaJIa. COOTBeT-
CTByIowaH CyMMapHaH qaCTOTa V7 +v5 = 1281 CM-1 coBnaRaeT C HHTeHCIIBHbIM
o6epTOHOM 1JaCTOTbI Vg. O ueHb cJla6ble TiaCTOTM 1471 H 1851 CM-' HHTepnpeTH-
pYIOTCH He COBCeM yAOBJIeTBOplTeJIbHO, MTO, 110-BHAIIMOMy, 06,bBCHBeTCB He
COBCeM TO'qHbIM onpeAeJleHIIeM IIX, Tan Kali tiaCTOTa 1471 CM-' fPHXOAHTCf Ba
KpbIJIO JIHHHH 1532 c.tit-1, a qaCTOTa 1851 cm-1 paCIIOJIO}KeHa B o6JIaCTH MaJIoYI
AHCllepcHH HpH3MbI NaCl H o'ieHb c.la6a. He o*ienb xopomIO IIHTeprlpeTIIpy-
eTCB II 'IaCTOTa 568 cm-1. Bo3MoHSHo, 'ITO 3Ta'JaCTOTa BBJISIeTCSI CyMMapHOI3
tiaCTOTOR OT HeaHTHBHoro KoJIe6aHHH THna F.
TaKIIM o6pa30M, HH(JpaxpacHblI3 H KoM6HHaInnoHHb1l3 CIIeKTpbl yAoBJle-
TBOpHTeJIbHO nHTepnpeTHpyIOTCH npH 11OMOII Ii MOJIeKyJIbI P406, npIIHaAJIeSKa-
meH K TOTIe*IHOII rpynne CHMMeTpHH Td. HHHaRan Apyran MOAeJlb MOJIeKyJIbI,
Kan 6bIJIO noHa3aHO BbIHIe, He MOHCeT 06Tb}ICHHTb KOJIe6aTeJlbHbIX CneHTPOB
MOJIeHyJIbI (IOC(JOpHCTOrO aHrHApHAa. 3TOT BbIBOA HaXOAHTCB B IIOJIHOM corJla-
CHIT C 3JIeHTpoHorpa4IHtIecHHMH HCCJIeAOBaHHBMH B hapax (~oc(opHCToro aH-
rHApHAa [431. HamH HccJIeAoBaHHH noHa3aJIH, 'ITO MoJIeKyJIbI ()0C(1)OpHCTOro,
aHrHApHAa B mHAHOCTH HMeIOT Taxylo me cTpylTypy, Kau H B ra3oo6pa3-
HOM COCTOHHHH.
I'JIAB,A III
KOJIEBATEJIbHbIf4 CHEKTP H CTPYRTYPA MOJIEKYJIbI
bbOC(DOPHOPO AHFFI)J(PI4;XA [29]
DOC(OpHbIA anrIIApnA, Tan me Kau H (OC(OpITCTLAI, corJIac o Hpe,I;CTaB-
JIeHHBM 3axapHa3ena, npHHaAJIeHSHT H *IHCJIy cTeHJloo6pa3yIOMHx OKHCJIOB.
B OTJIH'IIIe OT (1oc(JOpHCToro aHrHApHAa, (JoC(J1OpHbIII allrHApHA 6bIJI IIoJly'IeH
B BHAe oAHONOMnoHeHTHoro CTenJIa. Ho HpeAcTaBJIeHHHM 3axapna3ena (oc-
( OpHLIIt allrigpHg uai B HpICTaJIJIHLIecnoM, Tan H B CTeIJIOO6pa3HOM COCTO-
BHHH BBJIHeTCH KOOpAHHar HOHHbIM BeIIjeCTBOM.
B nepByio otepeAb Mbi pemmuJIH IIccJIeAOBaTb CTpynzypy HpIICTaJIJIIIMecuoIi
MOAH(1)HKaI;IIH c oc~opnoro aHrHApHAa. Pe3yJIbTaTbl 3TOrO HcCJIeAoBaHHB
H H3JIO5nenbl B HaCToBHIei rJlaBe. I43y*ieHHe CTpyiTypbl CTeHJIoo6pa3Horo
( oc(opiroro allriiApnga HocpeACTBOM H3y'IeHHH ero HH( paupacnoro H uoM6H-
HaAHOHHOro CneITpoB IIpOBOAHTCB B HaCTOHu ee BpeMH B HaIIIei3 JIa6opaTOp1111.
Doc(opHbrII allrHApHA B HpncTaJIJIHTIecnoM COCTOHHHH CyB;eCTByeT B BHAe
AByX KpHCTaJIJIH'Jecilx MoAH(JHHaI;Hi3 [451. OAHa JierioJIeTytlan MoAH(HHa-
I;HH IIOJIy'IaeTCH H3 IIapOB IIpH HOMHaTHOi3 TeMHepaType. ]Ipyran - TpyAHOJie-
TyLIaH MOAH(HnaIJHH o6pa3yeTCB H3 JIerKOJIeTy*IeI3 HOCJIe npOAOJnHI1TeJIbHOPo
HarpeBaHHB ee HPH TeMHepaType oico io 500? C. Fa3oo6pa3Han (a3a 41oc Jop-
Horo aHrHApHAa COCTOHT H3 MOJIelyJI C ()OpMyJIOA P4010, Kan 3T0 61IJIO onpe-
AeJIeHO'nyTeM H3MepeHIIB IIJIOTHOCTH IIapOB [46[. 3JIeKTpOHOrpa()HileCKHe 14C-
CJIeAoBaHHSI ra30O6pa3Horo COCTOBHHH, npoBeAeHHbie F3MncouoM H CTOCHnoDI
[47], nOKa3aJIH, 'ITO MOJIenyJIa HMeeT ()OpMyJIy P401o H HpHHaAJIeinHT K TO-
ileLIHOII rpynne CHMMeTpHH Td. I43y'IeHHe JIerHOJleTy'eA MOAH(MHKaIAHH (4oc-
()OpHOrO aHrHApHAa McTOAOM AII(~paKgIIII peHTreHOBCIHX Jly'Iefi lo1a3bIBaeT,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HHOPAHPACHME CHEHTPbI H CTPYKTYPA CTEKJIOOBPA3YIOIII,14X OHHCJIOB 247
11TO 11 B TBepAOM COCTOIIHHH ()OC4OpHbIH allrHApiig COCTOHT 113 MOJIeKyJI P4010,
Ka>KAa5 H3 I(OTOpHX o611aAaeT CHMMeTpHeII Td. CHeKTp HOM6HHaAnomiora
paccefHHB 143BeCTeH TOJIBHO AJIR JIerHOJIeTy'IeHH MOAH4HKaII;HH (1)OC()OpHorO aH-
rHApHAa [16]. OAHaKo 6bIJI0 HeBO3MO5HHO yCTaHOBHTb CTpyKTypy MOJIeKyJIbI
4)oc4)oplOrO anrHApiAa B JIer1OJIeTyLIel MOAIi()HKaL[HH Ha OCHOBaHHH 113y'IeHHII
oAHoro cneKTpa KoM611Ha11nOHHorO pacCe}HHR. Ho3TOMy AJIH yCTaHOBJIeHHn
CTpyKTypbl C )oC4opxoro aHrI1 p1Aa B KpHCTaJL7H1 ecKOM COCTOHHHH HpH Ho11IO-
HjiI ero KoJIe6aTeJIbnbIx CHeKTpoB Heo6XOAHMo 6bIJIO H3yhIHTb ero 1in)paicpac-
HbIn cneKTp. B JIHTepaType HMeeTCR JIHIHb OAna pa60Ta 1311, B KOTOpOII npH-
BO;AHTCR HH()palpacxbll3 cneKTp 4)oc4opnoro aHrHAp1Aa. LIHCJIeHHbIX 3HaLIe-
HHH gaCTOT HH4paHpaciimx HOJIOC H o6Cy1HAeHHH CTpyKTypbl MOJIeKyJIbI B pa-
60Te He HMeeTCR.
? 9. OnpeAeJienne CTpyKTypbl MOJIeKyJIbI
c Oe4IOpiiorO anrnApnAa no ero KoJIe6aTeJIbHOMy cnewTpy
11H4)paKpadHblll CIIeKTp 4OC4opxoro aHTIIApIAa IIpIIBeAeH Ha pHe. 5, 3.
L1acTOTbI HOJIOC norJlonjeHHR BMecTe c o1[eHKaMH HX UHTeHCHBHOCTH noMente-
116I B Ta6JI. 6. Ha pllc. 5, 3 H Ta6JI. 6 BHAHO, tITO (IOC4OpHbIII arHApii IIMeeT
Ta6nuga 6
IIH4)paSpaCHblli m KOM6HHa1 11oHHbIu eneI Tpb1
4loc4)opHoro aHrn;kplJ1,a
HHCppar pacabik cneHTp,
CneaTp HOM6nHaIiIS0HHOrO
cm-'
paeceRHnR [16], cM-'
257 (6)
278 (3)
329 (1)
424 (6)
559 (10)
650 (2)
714 (o. (-n.)
721 (6)
764 (c.)
832 (ca.)
843 (ca.)
952 (0) Iu.
1015 (o. c.)
1033 (0) HI.
1140 (ca.)
1150 (ca.)
1200 (ca.)
1231 (o. ca.)
1295 (ca.)
1390 (c.)
1386 (4)
1417 (10)
1590 (o. ca.)
1648 (ca.)
1713 (ca.)
TIeTbipe cHJlbHble noJlocbi norjiolueHHn c gacTOTaMH 573, 764, 1015 H 1390 cm -1.
KpoMe Toro, HMeeTCR en>;e HeCHOJibIO cJla6blx noJIOC HorJioMeHHn, KOTOpbie'
HMeIOT 3HaiIHTeJlbHO McHbIHylo HHTeHCIIBHOCTb.
Jim o6cyafAenHH CTpyKTypbI MOJIeKyJIbI 4004)opnoro allrHApfga Heo6xO-
AHMO COHOCTaBHTb pe3yJIbTaTbI HCCJIeAOBaHHn HH()paKpaCHOro H KOM6HHa-
1I10HHOrO cneITpOB 4oc4opHoro allrHApHga [16]. L1aCTOTb1, IOJIy'1eHHb]('
17 *-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
13 o6oirx cneKTpax, BMecTe c oiAeHKaMH HX HHTeHCIIBHOCTei 14pHBeJjeHbI
11 Ta6JI. 6. B CneKTpe KoM6HHaI;HOHHoro paCCefIH14A o6HapyH eHo gBeHa-
JZ11;aTb CIIJIbHbIX gaCTOT. 'lacTOTa 1678 cm-' CJIHIHKOM BbICOKa JjJlsr Toro, 'ITO-
6bI HpHHFITb ee 3a OCHOBHOe KOJre6aHHe. Hpej[CTaBJIHeTCH 60Jiee IIpaBIJlbHbiM
CLIHTaTb 3Ty LIaCTOTy CyMMapHOII LIaCTOTOH AByX OCHOBHbIX 1IaCTOT, HanpH-
Mep 1417 II 257 wan 278 cm- 1. OcTaJlbxbie O9HHHajAaTb gaCTOT creKTpa
1i0M6IIHaJ noHHoro pacceHHnn M0?KHO CgffTaTb OCHOBHbIMH. B HH4lpaHpaCHOM
CneKTpe HMeIOTCH LIeTblpe CHJIbHble HOJIOCbI, KOTOpble CJIe;AyeT npHHSITb 3a
tIaCTOTbI OCIIOBHbIX KOJre6aHHII. TaKIIM o6pa3oM, nepBOir XapaKTepHOII ilep-
TOH RoJIe6aTeJIbHbIX CHeRTpOB gBJIlieTCIl ropa3Jjo 60Jibmee 'IHCJIO JIHHIIl
13 CneKTpe HoM6HHaIIHOHHoro pacceiiHHSi no CpaBHeHHIO C 'iIICJIOM nOJiOc
B IIIIf pahpaCHOM CHeKTpe norJIomeHnH. Ha OCHOBaHHH 3TOrO MO?KHO yTBepHC-
JjaTb (Kai; 3T0 6bIJIO CJjeJIaHO C ()OC(J)OpHCTb3M anrHjpHgoM, CM. FJI. II), 'iTO
MOJIeHyJIa Be MO?KCT IIpanaJjJIe?KaTb K KaKoii-JIH6o 143 TO'O'HbIX rpynH CIIM-
MCTpiIII (CM. [44], Ta6JI. 35, 36 H 55): C2i Cs, C3, C3,,, C., TaH KaK JjJIA
3THX TOgegHbIX rpynH Ll[ICJIO JIHHnH B KOM6nHagnOHHOM CIIeKTpe AoJI?KHO 6bITb
paBHO LIHCJIy JIHHHII B Hll( paxpacHoM CHeKTpe. L pyran xapaKTepHa5i 'iepTa
CHeHTpOB COCTOIIT B TOM, 'ITO IIMeIOTCH TpH HOJIOCbl HH()paHpacloro CIIOKT-
pa (573, 1015, 1390 cM 1), KOTOpbie HP14CYTCTBYIOT 11 B cneKTpe KoM61'IHa-
I HOHHOrO pacceHHH1l. OCIIOBhIBa3ICb Ha 3TOM, MO?KHO yTBep?KJjaTb, LITO MOJIe-
KyJIa ()OC(~OpnorO allrugjpii a He MO?KeT IIpIIHaJjJIe?KaTb H TOLIe'IHbIM rpynnaM
CIIMMOTPIIH Ci, C2h D2h, S6, C4he C6h, Dade D4de Doh, D5h, D6h, Dooh, C1,, jJIH
IiOTOpbIX 110 AOJI?KHO CYWOCTBOBaTb traCTOT, aHTHBHbIX O;jHOBpeMeHHO B o6oHx
CneliTpax.
EIIje oJZHa 0006eHIIOCTb KOJIe6aTeJlbHbMX CHeHTPOB COCTOHT B TOM, 'ITO
HMOOTCH OJjHa liaCTOTa 764 CM 1, KOTOpaH IIPHCYTCTByeT B HH( paKpaCHOM
CHeKTpe 11 He JIMeCTCH B cneKTpe KOM6HHaInOHHOPO paccerHHH. 3TO
MO?KOT 6bITb o6'bHCHeH0 OJjHOi3 113 JUBYX npriIIIH: 1) Mo ieHyJIa npuHaJjJIe?KnT
Ii 0;(HOII 113 B03M0?KHbIX TO'iC'HbIX rpynH, JUT KOTOpbIX IIMeJOTCSI LracTOTbI,
pa3peJIleHHble B n4(paIlpacHOM CIIeKTpe, HO 3anpewenHble B CneKTpe KOM-
61iHarjrrOHHOrO paccenHnn; 2) MOJIeHyJia npFHaJjJIe?KHT K OJjHOH 113 TOLIeLIIIbix
rpYHli CHMMOTpII, JjJIH KOTOpbIX Bee LIaCTOTbI, aITIIBHb1O B nH(J)paKpadHOM
CneKTpe, aliTHBHbI TaH?Ke II B CneKTpe KOM6lHarjnOHHOrO pacCeHHHH, HO
LraCTOTa 764 CX-1 npOCTO cJIa6a B KOM6IIHaIIF0HHOM CIIeKTpe H IIOTOMy He
o611apyn exa.
PaccMOTpIIM HepByio BO3MO?KHOCTb. B 3TOM cJlyLrae MOJICKy.la MO?JOT
npHHa,IJie?Kalb K OJI;HOII 113 TO'Ie'IHbIX rpynH CHMMeTpHH D3, D4, D5, D6,
C3he C51,, D3h, AJ131 KOTOpbIX IIMeIOTCSI HH( paKpaCHble IIOJIOCbI, HeaHTHBHble
B KOM6HHar[HOHHOM CneKTpe. MO?KHO IIOKa3aTb [29], LITO Jllo6a51 MOJjeJIb
Mo.leHyJlbr, npIHaJJJle?Kaujaa K OJ[HOI3 143 TOiletlHblx rpynn, JjaeT 'IIICJIO ua-
CTOT B Hil(kpaKpaCHOM H KOM6HHagHOIIHOM cneKTpax, CIIJIbHO OTJInLIaIo1I eed5i
OT Ha6JIJOJjeHHOrO.
OCTaeTCH IlpeJnoJlo?KnTb, iITO gaCTOTa 764 cm -1 HH(paipacxoro cneHTpa
HPOCTO ciia6a B CneKTpe KOM6HHagHOHHoro paCCeHHnII, HO pa3peIHeHa B Hem.
Tor;ja MoJieHyjia 4OC(OpHOro aHrii pn;ja MO?KeT npIIHagJIe?KaTb K OJ[HOH 143
cJleJjyiOHjnx JjBeHaJjuaTH To'IegHblx rpyHH cHMMeTpHH: C2U, D2, C4, C5, C6,
S49 C4V, CSV, C6V, D2d, T, Td. PaCCMOTpeHne KOHKpeTHbIX MOJjeJIe1 MOJIeHyJI
HoHa3aJIo, 'ITO MOJIeHyJIa He Mo?KeT IIpHHaJjJIe?KaTb H TOgge'lHbIM rpynnaM
C2V, D2de Coe C59 C6, C6vi T, TaH KaK irIICJIO 'aCTOT J[JIH MOJjeJin, npIIHaJj-
JIe?Ka1jOII K OJjHOII 113 3THX rpynn, CJIHBIKOM BeJInKO. Z[Jin MoJjeJIelr, HpH-
HagJIe?Kanjnx H TO'e'HbHM rpynnaM S4, C4V, C5Ve D2d H Td, LIHCJTO gaCTOT 11
II% allTHBHOCTb HPIIBeJjeHbl B Ta6JI. 7.
B HH?KHeli CTPOKe 3TOr3 Ta6JIHI1bI Hp11BeJjeHO'HCJIO q CTOT B CHeKTpe HOM6II-
Ha1jHOHHOrO paCCeSIH11sI, eCJIII C'IHTaTb, ITO 'IaCTOTa 764 cm -1 aHTHBHa B KOM-
6HHa1jIIOHHOM CIIeKTpe, KaK 6bIJIO HpCAHOJIO?1I HO BbIIHe.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
143 Ta6JI. 7 BHAHO, *ITO AJI}I 11ioAeJln C5, TIHCJIO 'IaCTOT, aKTHBHbIX B KOM6HHa-
I[HOHHOM cneKTpe, paBHO AeBHTH, TITO Ha TPH MenbIne TInCJIa TIaCTOT, Ha6JIIOgeH-
HbIX B 3KCnepiMeHTe. Ho 3TOIi HPHTIHHe Mbl M05KeM CTIHTaTb, TITO MOJIeByJIa He
Ta6allua 7
'IHCaO TIaCTOT H HX aITHBHOCTb AJIJI pa3auqHEIX Mo eaeHI Moaexyabl
q)oc4)opHoro aHCHjjpii a
rpynna cHM-
TIHcJio'IacTOT B
cnenTpe HoM611Ha-
T3HCno 'acTOT B
iIHcJIO vacTOT B
cneaTpax HHCppa-
I opMyna
McTpIIH
ilHOnHoro pac-
HHCppaxpacHoM
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MQJIeHyJIb1
ceHHHa
cneHTpe
pacceaHHa
S4
P205
c
P2O5
4 V
C5v
D
P2O5
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Td
P4010
OrIiIT
MO1KeT np1IHaAJIeiBaTb K ToMe'IHOII rpynne C5v. 143 OCTaJlbHbIX MOgeJIell MoJIe-
KyJlbI HaHJIy'IIIiee corjiacHe c 3KCHepuMeHTOM HMeeTCn AJ1fl MOAeJIH, npHHaA-
JIe"rKaMeII iC TogeTIHoIi rpynne CHMMeTpnn Td. L JIH 3TOII MOAeall HMCeTCH 12
TIaCTOT, al{TIIBHbIX B KOM61IHagHoHHOM
CHeKTpe, H IneCTb TIaCTOT, aXTHBHbIX B
mnc~paKpadHoM cneKTpe. Ha onbITe MMee11I
12 'acTOT, allTlIBlIbIX B IcOM6IIHaI IIOHHOM
cneKTpe, Ii Tlemipe 'aCTOTbI, aITHBHbIX B
HHC paBpaCHOM cneKTpe. ABe TIaCTOTbl HH-
i)palcpadHoro cneKTpa, no-BHAHMOMy, rlpH-
XOAHTCH Ha HeIICCJIeAOBaHHyIO o611aCTb
HIDKe 430 cm -1. TaIHM 06pa3OM, XOTH
HeJIb3H cAeJiaTb OAHO3Ha'iHOrO Bb16opa H3
1HTH B03MO1KHbIX MoAe3IeI3 MOJIeKyJT, npH-
HaAJie KamHX K OAHOII H3 To Ie'HbIX rpynn cr,
CHMMeTpnn, nepeTIHCJIeHHbIX B Ta6JI. 7, MbI
BCe ?Ke MO?KCM CKa3aTb, TITO HaHJiy'nnee
corJIacne c 3KCnepIMeHTOM nMeeTCH AJIH pile. 10.
MoAeJin rIOJIeIyJlbl, npHHaAJIewalueIJ K
rpynne Td (pile. 10).
Of 00
CTpyKTypa Moaexy IbI P4O10
Kai BHAHO H3 Ta6JI. 7, MOAeJIb MoJlexyJlbl 4OC4OpHoro anrHApHAa, npnHaA-
JieBicanlan u rpynne Td, HMeeT (I)OpMyJIy P4010. MoJlexymlbi, npHHaAJlexcaauIe
is ApyrIM To'e'IHbIM rpynnaM, IMeIOT 4)opMyJly P205. HanosfBnn, TITO B Hapax
I)occ)opnoro anrHApHAa 6bIJIa o6HapyxceHa MoJIeKyJIa P4010i ripnnaAJie;Kau an
K rpynne Td [47], a npH peHTrenorpa(HTIecKoM HecJIeAOBaHHII [45] TBepAofi
JIeTyMeII 4a3b1 C)OC~opHoro anrHApHAa TaISKe HamJIII, TITO oHa COCTOIT 143 MO-
JIeKyJI P4010 C CH11I11IeTpneH rpynnbi Td. TaKHM o6pa3OM, oTHecenne 11IOJIeKyJlbi
P4011 K rpynne CHM11IeTpHn Td, npon3BeAennoe Ha OCHOBaHHH H3yTIeHIIFI IcoJIe6a-
TeJIbHbIX CHeKTPOB ()Oc4OpHOTO aHrnApHAa, nOJIy'IaeT AOHOJIHHTeJIbHoe o6o-
CHOBaHHe.
? 10. HHTepnpeTaunn cneKTpa
IIOllb1Taer1cfl Tenepb HnTepnpeTnpoBaTb KoJIe6aTeJlbnble CneKTpbl 4OC-
4opnoro anrH pHAa, noJlarafI, TITO 11MOJIeKyJIa np1HaAJIe>KlT K ToTIeTIHOH rpyn-
ne CHMMeTPHII 7'd. TorAa 11ioJJeicyJIa AoJDKHa JMeTb TPH HOJIHOCHMMeTPH'IHbIX
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
11 IIOJIHOCTbIO IIOJIFIpH3OBaHHbIX KOJIe6aHHH Tuna A1, a1THBHbIX B KOM61IHa-
IjHOHHOM CIIeKTpe, TpII ABa?KAbl BbIPO?KAeHHbIX KOJIe6aHHH Tima E, aKTHBHMX
B KOM6HHaIIHOHHOM CIIeKTpe, TPH TPHHCAbI BbIp05KAWHHbIX HoJIe6aHHH THIIa
Fl, 3aIIpeII;eHHbIX B 06014X CIIeKTpaX, H IIIeCTb TPHWAbI BbIpO?KAeHHbIX HoJIe6a-
HI4I3 THua F2, pa3pemeHHbIX B o6oHX CIIeKTpaX. K cowaJIeHHIO, B CIIeKTpe ROM-
6nHaIjIIOHHoro paccesiHHFI H3-3a 6OJIbIIIIIX 3KCHepHMOHTaJIbHbIX 3aTpyAHe-
HH13 He 6bIJIH IIOJIyTIeHbI CBeAOHHH 0 COCTOJIHHH IIOJIHPu3a11I4H JIHHHI3 pacceH-
HHH [16]. OAHaxo Ha OCHOBaHHH aHaJioruu c Koile6aHHHMH MOJIe1y5bI P406S4
[48] TIaCTOTbi 721 H 424 cm-1 6bIJIH npHIIHCaHbI IIOJIHOCHMMeTPHT1HbIM KOJie6a-
H11IIM THIIa Al. TpeTbe KOJIe6aHHe THIIa Al HBJIReTCH BaJIOHTHbIM KOJIe6aHHeM
ABOUHOU CBS13u P = 0 H AOJI?KHO HMeTb CpaBHHTeJIbHO BhICOKyIO TIaCTOTy.
JIuHHH 1417 cm-1 6bIJIa IIpunicaHa KOJIe6aHHHM THua Ai, TaR KaK oHa o61Ia-
AaeT BbICOKOII HHTeHCHBHOCTbIO 11 ee TIaCTOTa 6JIH3Ka K BaJIeHTHOYI TlaeTOTe
ABOIIH01 CBH3II P = 0 (1290 cm-1). HeCHOJIbRo 6oJIbinee 3HaileHHe'IacTOTb1 HO
CpaBHeHHIO C O6bILIHOII BaJIeHTHOH TIaCTOTOJI ABOHHOH CBH3II 06'b31CHSIeTC51 TeM,
qTO CBH3b P = 0 B MOJIeKyJIe P4010 HBJIHeTCH Kau 6b1 IIp0Me1KyTOTIHOH Me?KAy
ABOUHOH H TpOI4HOH CBH3HMH. 3TO IIOATBep?KAaeTCH II H3y'IOHHeM AH(JJpaxgHH
3JIOKTPOHOB [47], COIJIaCHO KOTOPOMY Me?KaTOMHOe paCCTOHHHe P = 0,
pasnoe 1,39 A, CJIHInHOM KOPOTKO AJIH ABOHHOH CBSI3H.
HpoBeAeHHOe HaMH HCCJieAOBaHHe HH(paxpacxoro cnexTpa (])oc(Joplloro
axrHgpHga IIO3BOJIHeT OTbICKaTb HOKOTOpble H3 T1aCTOT THIIa F2. OT1eBHAHO,
T1acTOTM THIIa F2 HBJIHIOTCH Ha16oJiee CHJIbxbIMH TIaCTOTaMH B HH(JpaxpacHOM
cue1Tpe, a HMeHHO: 1390, 1015 H 573 c.AL-1. CooTBeTCTByIolljHe TIacTOTbI HMeloT-
CH H B KoM6HHaIjuoHHOM CIIeKTpe: 1386, 1033, 764 H 559 cu-1. LIaCTOTa 764 cm-1
He Ha6JIloAaeTCH B CHeKTpe HoM611HaIjHoHHoro pacceHHHH. BepOHTHO, IIpH 3TOM
KoJIe6aHlIH IIOJIHP143yeMOCTb MOJIeRymllil McHHeTCH He3Ha'1HTCJILHO. HJIoxoe
CoBnaAeHne IIoJiocbt 1015 cm -1 HHCIpaKpacuoro cneiTpa H iionlocbl 1033 cm-1
KoM6HHaI]HOHHOro CIIeKTpa o6'bHCHHeTCH TeM, TITO 3Ta IIo.Ioca HMeeT 3HaTIH-
TeJIbHyIO HIHPIIHY 11 cnla6a B KoM6HHagHoHHOM CIIeKTpe H IIO3TOMy nOJIO?KeHHe
ee MaKCIIMyMa onpeAeJieHO c He60JIbMOft TOTIHOCTbIO. Enje ABa KoJIe6aHHH
THna F2 pacnoJiw?KeHb1, no BCeI4 BepOHTHOCTH, B HeHCCJIeAOBaHHOII o611aCTM
T1aCTOT, T. e. HHwe 430 c 1.
B CIIeKTpe KoM6HHaljnolIHoro pacceHHHH B 3TOI1 o6JIacTH pacnOJIO?KeHbl
TIacTOTbI: 424, 329, 278 H 257 cm-1. OAHa H3 3THX qaCTOT (424 cm-1) y?Ke 6b1JIa
oTHecexa K HOJIHOCHMMCTpHTIHOMY KOJIe6aHH1o tuna Al. 143 TpeX OCTaBIHHXCH
TIaCTOT ABe AOJISKHbI IIpHHaAJle?KaTb TPHTKAbI BbIPO)KAeHHbIM RoJIe6aHHHM
THIIa F2 IT OAHa ABa?RAbl Bblp0xcAeHHOMy KOJIe6aHHIO Tuna E.
Maim BepOHTHO, TlTO6bI TIaCTOTEI OAHHaKOBOPO T14na CIIMMOTPHII 6MIJIH pac-
IIOJIO?KeHbl TaK 6.11H3K0, KaK TIaCTOTbI 278 u 257 cm-1. rIO3TOMy OAHy 113 3TIIX
TIaCTOT cJIeAyeT IIp1IIHCaTb K ABaUCAbl Bh1P0?KAeHHOMy Ko.Ie6aHHIO Tuna E.
Ecnii HCXOAHTb u3 allajior1TH C KOJIe6aHHHMII MOJIeKyJIbI P406 [15], TO OAHa
TIaCTOTa Tuna E2 AOJDRHa 6bITb CaMOI4 HH3KOF4. TaKHM 06pa3OM, noay'Iaei:
TIaCTOTbI Tllna F2 - 329 H 257 CM-1, TIacTOTa 278 cm-1 OTHOCIITCH K ABamAbl
BbIPO?KAeHHbIM KOJIe6aHHHM TIIna E. 1Be OCTaBIIIHOCH JIHH1114 CIIeKTpa KOM6H-
Haljl1OHHOFo pacceHHHH 650 H 952 CM-1 CJIeAyeT oTHecT1l, o'IeBHAHO, K ABa?KAbI
BMIPOMAOHHbIM KOJIe6aHIIHM THna E.
CJIa6ble TIaCTOTM HH())PaICpaCHOPO CIIeKTpa MOT 6bITb IIpeACTaBJIOHbI Kai{
CyMMbI H pa3HOCT14 OCHOBHbIX qaCTOT 14JIH HX o6epTOHb1. HHTepnpeTaAHH BeeX
TIaCTOT HH(paKpacuoro H KOM6HHaIj1OHHoro CHOKTPOB npeACTaBJleHa B Ta6JI. 8.
Kai BHAHO H3 Ta6JI. 8, TIaCTOTa 1140 CA-1 unTepnpeTupyeTCH KaK pa3HOCT-
HaH TIaCTOTa; IIpHTIeM TIaCTOTa, HOTOpa5 BLITn4TaeTCH, Ma.Ia, Hall H CJIeAyeT
o?KHAaTb, AJIH TaxoI3 gaCTOTbI. B CHeKTpe IIPHCYTCTByeT COOTBeTCTByIO1J a5
CyMMapHan TIacTOTa (1648 CM-1). )Ipyrue TIaCTOTbI HH( pa1pacxoro CIIeKTpa
YAOBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHO HHTepnpeTHpyIOTCH RaK cyMMapHble TIaCTOTM IT o6epTO-
HbI ABeuaAJ aTH OCHOBHbIX KOJIe6aHHI4.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HHTepnpeTaunsi HH4)paxpacxoro m xoM6HHau1Oaaoro ene1TpOB Monelcyabi
4)oc4)opH0ro axrHApnAa
acnbA1
ai;
14nd
CneITp xoM6HHa-
Bbi9HcjieHHoe
Torn CHMMeTpHH Bepxnero
p
p
cneKTp, CM-1
1111onaoro pac-
ceRHHfi, CM-1
HnTepnpeTaunH
ana'leHHe gacTO-
Tbi, CM-1
no.ne6aTejibaoro COCTOH-
HHH
257
(6)
V12
278
(3)
V6
329
(1)
V11
424
(6)
Va
559
(10)
V10
E
650
(2)
714 (o. ca.)
721
(6)
V2
Al
764 (c.)
V9
F.,
832 (ca.)
V10 + V12
830
Al ; E -*- F1 + F2
843 (ca.)
V10 V6
851
F1 + F2
952
(0)
V4
E
1 015 (o. c.)
1033
(0)
V0
F2
1140 (ca.)
V7 - V12
1133
Al + E + F1--I- F2
1150 (ca.)
l.Vlo
1146
Al + E + F2
1200 (ca.)
V4 ? V12
1209
F1 + F2
1231 (o. ca.)
V5 + V10
1223
F1 -f- F2
1295 (ca.)
V2 + V10
1294
F2
1390 (c.)
1386
(4)
V7
F2
1417
(10)
V1
Al
1590 (o. ca.)
V5 T V10
1588
A1+E?F1+F2
1648 (ca.)
V7 + V12
1647
A1+ E + F1 + F2
V1 + V12
1674
V4 + V9
1716
Tai iiii o6pa3oM, I3H(paipadubII3 H KOM611Ha1),HOHHbIII CIIeKTpbl ()OC( Op-
Horo alrii pHga yAOBJIeTBOp1TeJIbHO 06'MICHRIOTC$I IIpH IIOM01 1I MOJ.[eJIH
1110JIeKyJIb1 P4010, IIpuHaZ[JIe?ICau;eI H TOile1JHOH rpyIIIIe CHMMeTp111 Td. 3TO
HaX0,1I1TCJI B XOpOIIIeM cor iaCHH C peHTreHOrpa(()HileCKHMH HCCJIeAOBaH1111MH
1451, cor.IaCHO HOTOphIM TBepgbI13 ()OC(J)OpHb113 allrii pi COCTOHT 113 MOJIeKyJI
P4010, HMe10U HX CIIMMeTpHio Td.
PJIABA 1V
EOJIEBATEJIbHbIf1 CHEKTP H CTPYRTYPA MOJIEHYJIbI
BOPHOFO AHPHAPHAA [491
BopHbili axrIApHA HBJIFIeTC31 0 HHM 113 JIyti mnx cTeFJ1oo6pa3oBaTeJIel.
Ao noci egiiero BpeMeHH 6opxblli axrHII,pi may-4aJ'Cn TOJIbICO B B1ge CTeHJIa,
T017 KaK gpyriie cTeFJloo6pa3yJouIHe OKnCJIbi (Kai, HanpiMep, Si02,
Ge02, AS203, AS205 H P2O5) 6bIJIH H3B0CTHb1 He TOJIbHO B CTeiiaoo6pa3TIOM,
110 It B Kp1CTaJIJIHTIecxoM COCTOJIHH$IX. JIHIHb cpaBHHTeJ1bno HeAaBHO [50] yRa-
JIOCb HoJIygllTb 6opHbili aHriqpHJ( B 110JI1,1KpIICTa3IJIW1ecIOM COCTOHHHH.
CTpyKTypa CTeiJIOO6pa3HOro 6opxoro anriApHAa go CHX Hop TOiIHO He
ycTaHOBJiexa. Coraacno IIpeRIIOJIoHceHHIo 3axapna3eHa, 6opHbIJ aHrHAp1A
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HMeOT KoopgHHagHoHHyio CTpyHTypy, B KOTOPOA OTCyTCTByIOT OTJ;eJIbHbie
MOJIeHyJIbI [2]. OJ;HaHo IIOJILIii pBJ; 3KCIIepHMeHTaJIbHbIX gaHHLIX He Mo?KeT
6MTb CorJlacOBaH C IIpeJ(IIOJIOHCeHHeM O } oopAHHaI;HOHHoA cTpyKType CiTeKJIO-
o6pa3lloro 6opHoro axrJJSpHRa [8].
CpaBHeHHe pa3JI14 HbIx CBOIiCTB 60pHoro aHrHqpHJ(a Co CBO1 CTBaMH Apy-
rHx BeII;eCTB H axaJIH3 3THX CBOI3cTB, HpOBeJSeHHbII3 cDaBHCOM H Bap6epoM
[8], HoKa3bIBaeT, TITO MOJIHpHaH pe(J)paIgHB, TeMHepaTypa HJIaBJIeHHB, IIO-
BepxxoCTHoe HaTHHCeHHe, TepMIP ecxoe paclulpeHHe, BH3HOCTb, TeMrlepa'ryp-
HaB 3aBHCHMOCTb TeIIJIOeMKOCTH 6opxoro aHrugpHga MoryT 6bITb 06'bHCHeHbI
TOJIbIO B TOM CJIylIae, eCJIH Hpej 11oJIOSKHTb, TITO 60pHbIIi allrHgpig HMeOT MO-
JleicyJIBpHyIo CTPYKTYPY?
ApryMeHTaI;HB (Da}HCa H Bap6epa B HOJIb3y MOJIe1yJIBpHOIi CTpyRTypbl
6opxoro allrHgpHga OCHOBaHa Ha o61uHpHOM (DaiTHTIecxoM MaTepHaiie o ero
( )H3HrIecKHx CBOI3CTBax H HaCTOJIbHO OCHOBaTeJlbxa, 'ITO HO3BOJIBeT HaM HpH
HHTeplpeTaI;HH HaHIHX pe3yJlbTaTOB IIpIIHHMaTb HX rHIIOTe3y. 11O3TOMy HpH
J{aJIbHeITIIIoM o6CyHCJ(eHHH 6ygeM OCHOBbIBaTbCH Ha IIpegIIOJIOHCeHHH O MOJIeKy-
JlBpHoI3 cTpyKType 6opHoro allrHgpH a. ECJIH HpH IIOMOII(H MOJIeRyTIBpHOIi
MOJ{eJIH ygaCTCH yJ.[OBJIeTBOpIITeJlbHO 06'bICHIITb KOJIe6aTeJIbHblii cneHTp
6opxoro allrH pHga, TO HafH gaHHble MOHCHO 6yJ(eT paccMaTpIIBaTb KaK IIoJ;-
TBepSIfgaIomHe IIpegIIOJIoIT eHHe o MOJIeKyJIHpHOIi CTpyKType 6opxoro aHrHJ(-
pHJ{a.
? 11. CTpyiTypa MOJIeiymtbi 6opxoro axrnJjpuga
)IJIB o6cy?I J eHHH IIOJIy'IeHHbIX pe3yJlbTaTOB gaHHbie no HH( )paxpacHOMy H
KoM6HHaI1HOHHOMy cIIeITpa1Vi 6opxoro allrHgpHJ{a CBeJ;eHbI B Ta6JI. 9. IIpe E e
BCero, H3 o6Hapy5KeHHbIX B o60HX CIIewTpax 'IaCTOT Heo6XOJ{HMO Bb16paTb
LIaCTOTLI OCHOBHbIX KOJIe6aHHIi. KaK H3BeCTHO, LIaCTOTbI OCHOBHMX KOJIe6a-
HHH, Kal HpaBHJIO, J{OJI?KH it 6MTb HaH60JIee HHTeHCHBHI,IMH.
B HH(paicpacHoM cIIeRTpe 6opHoro axrHApHga (cm. pIIC. 5, a) o6Hapy-
meHO TPH IIOJIOCM c 'aCTOTaMH 1330, 1260 H 718 cm-1, KOTOpble yxce B oileHi.
TOHKOM CJIOe BeIIOCTBa HMeIOT 6oJIbIIIHe HHTeHCIIBHOCTH HOrJIOH[eHHB. 3TH
TPH 'aCTOTLI HH(Dpaxpacxoro CHeKTpa CJIeAyeT CLIHTaTb OCHOBHI,IMH. OCTaJIb-
Hble 'aCTOTbI HH()paKpaCHoro CHeKTpa CJIa6bI Aa i e B TOJICTLIX CJIOHX BeJJ eCTBa
H II03TOMy He MoryT HpHHagJIemaTb K pa3pemeHHEIM OCHOBHbIM KoJIe6aHHHM
MOJIeIyJIbI. Bpag ma Mo1KHO omHAaTb, tITO B He1CCJIeJ[OBaHHOIi '4aCTH CHeKTpa,
T. e. HH?Ke 430 CM-1, TaIHCe HMeIOTCH OCHOBHMe 'aCTOTbI, TaK xalc MOJIeIy3Ia
60pHoro allrII pHAa COCTOHT 143 Jieriux aTOMOB.
B CHeKTpe KOM6HHaIIIoHHoro paCCeHHHB HMeeTCB BOCeMb 'IacTOT: 470,
508, 670 , 725, 808, 1260, 1330 H 1500 cm-1, HHTeHCHBHOCTH KOTOpbIX o1 eHexbI
He HHSKe LIeM CpeJ[HHe. BCe 3TH 'IaCTOTbl MOHCHO C'IHTaTb IIpHHaJ{Jle)EaHjHMH
K OCHOBHUM KOJIe6aHHBM MOJIeIy3IbI, XOTB B03MO7EHO, tITO HeROTOpble 143 3THX
qaCTOT HMeIOT HOBhIIHeHHyIO HHTeHCHBHOCTb BCJIeACTBHe pe3OHaBca (DepMH
(HaHpiMep, TIaCTOTbI 470 H 508 cm-1) H HpnHaj ie]KaT COCTaBHbIM TOHaM Hall
O6epTOHaM OCHOBHLIX KOJIe6aHHIi.
RpOMe Toro, CpegH caia6bix IIOJIOC KoM6HHagHOHH0ro CHeKTpa MoryT Ha-
XOJ(HTbCB OJ(Ha HJIH HeCKOJIbKO qaCTOT OCHOBHbIX KOJIe6aHHH. TaKHM o6pa3oM,
B CHeKTpe KOM6HHaI[HOHHoro paCC 51HHH cJlegyeT CTIHTaTb OCHOBHBIMH CeMb
HJIH 6OJIee 'IaCTOT.
CpaBHHM Tenepb HH( paTpaCHbIii H KOM6HHaAHOHHbIIi CrleKTpbI CTeHaoo6-
pa3HOro 6opxoro aar1ApnJ[a. IIpexcAe Bcero, H3 )Toro cpaBHeHHB OtIeBHAHO,
iITO TIHCJIO OCHOBHMIX iiaCTOT B CHeKTpe KoM6HHa111oHHoro paCCeHHHB (Ce161b
HJIH 6OJIee) 3Ha'IHTeJlbxo IIpeBMIIIaeT 'HCJIO qaCTOT B HH(palpaCHOM cIIe1Tpe
IIOrJIOI[ eHHB (TpH). 143 )Toro MOHTHO 3aIJIIO'HTb, 'ITO MOJIeIyJIa He mower
HPHHagJIeSKaTb K TO'Ie'IHI,IM rpyimaM C HH3KOii CHMMeTpIIeI3: C2, Cs7 C3,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
C3v, COO,,, RJISi HOTOpbIX BCe OCHOBHble LIaCTOTbI AOJDHHbI 6bITb aI{THBHbI B 060HX
CIIeHTpax.
Han6oJiee HHTeHCnsxa I noJioca HHC paxpacnoro CneHTpa 1260 CML I B CneH-
Tpe HOM6miaw4oHHoro paccegHHSI np0SIBJI5IeTCII TaR me, HaH HHTeHCHBHaa
Ta6Jiiiia 9
I{oM6nnaIIHOHHb1fi H HH(paKpacrn iu CHCB'Fpbl Gopuoro alru pHAa
OueHxa HHTeHCHB-
HOCTH
Orueana IIH-
TeHCHBHOCTH
225
(0. ca.)
280
(o. ca.)
365-410
(cri.)
470
(cp.)
508
(cP?)
605
(cii.)
670
(cp.)
725
(cp.)
718
(c.)
765
(o. ca.)
808
(o. C.)
810
(cn.)
915
(0. cn.)
960
(o. Ca.)
(cm)
1040
(ca.)
1095
(o. ca.)
1125
1258
(c.)
1260
(o. C.)
1330
(cp.)
1330
(c?)
1380
(ca.)
1430-1560
(cp?)
1730-1860
(cm)
1800
(cam.)
2070
2220
(cm)
2545
(cm)
2750
(cm)
Hoaoca c LIacTOTOH 1258 cu -I. LIacTOTy 718 cm -1 uu paKpacHoro CIIeKTpa Mom-
HO CLIHTaTb B npeleiiax ouiu60H OIIbITa CoBnapalomel c LIaCTOTOH 725 c,%-1
CneHTpa uoM614HaAI4OHHoro pacceSlhnn.
COBnaAeHne ABYX OCHOBHbIX iIaCTOT Hx(TspaiiraCHOro CneHTpa C AByMSI OC-
HOBHbIMH LIaCTOTaMi CneHTpa HOM6IHaIZIOHHOro paCCeJIHHI rOBOp1IT 0 TOM,
LITO MOJIeRyJia He Mox{eT IIpHHagJIe;EaTb H TOgeLIHbIM rpyHnaM, nMelomuM
i[eHTp CHMMeTpnn, nUIn H TeM TOLIe9HbIM rpynnaM, Jl3Si HOTOpbIX JIHHHH nHq~pa-
HpaCHOro CneHTpa 3anpeWeHbI B HOM6BHa1[HOHHOM CneHTpe, a JIHHnn HOM6II-
HawlOHHOrO CneHTpa ianpemeHbl B HH()paIpaCHOM CneHTpe (TOLIe`IHbie rpyn-
nbI CIMMeTpnn: Ci, C211 , D211 = V h, S6, C4h, C61t , D3d, D4d , Doh , D511, D6h ,
D.h, Oh)-
B nHC paIpaCIIOM CneHTpe Ha BbICOHO9aCTOTHOM HpbIJIe noJIoci 1260 cm -1,
HaXOR1TCSI CHJIbHan noHoca, gaCTOTa HOTOpOH 6bIJIa onpejeJiena npnMepHo
B 1330 CM I. Tan HaH TOTIBOCTb onpe Ie.IeHnSI 3TOH LIaCTOTbI HeBeJIHHa, T1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IIeJIb3FI cxa3aTb, COBHaJjaeT all 3Ta nacTOTa c JIHHIIeIT 1330 cm -:1 cueKTpa KoM-
6HIIaIjIIOHHoro pacceSIHHH HJIH pacxo iiTCH C Hell. ECJiH cYHTaTb, iITO gacTO-
TbI B o6oRx CueKTpaX COBHagaIOT, TO He HMeeTCST HR oJjHOI3 OCHOBHOII LIaCTO-
Tbi, HOTOpaFI 6bIJIa 6b1 aKTIIBHa TOJIbKO B HH(paKpacxoM cneHTpe. ICI, c ie-
JjoBaTeJIbHO, B 3TOM CJIyLIae MOJIOKy.Ia He MO?KeT HpHHaJ[JleaKaTb HR K OJjHOI3
H3 TO'IegHbIX rpynhI: D3, D4, D5, D6, C3h, C5h, D3h, AJI51 KOTOpbIX 14Me1OTCH
ilacTOTbI, pa3peIIIeHHbie TOJIbHO B HHC paKpaCIIOM cnehTpe.
EcJIU axe cgIITaTb, LITO iIacTOTa --- 1330 cm -1 HH()paKpacuoro CIIeKTpa He
coBuaJjaeT C COOTBeTCTByloujell gaCTOTOR CIIeKTpa KoM6HHaAHOHHoro paCCe5I-
HIIH, TO MoWIeHy.Ia 6opuoro aiirn piJja Jjo.I?KHa Hp1HaJjJle?KaTb K OJjHOII H3
HepeLIHCJleHHbIX BbIIHe CeMIT TOLIeLIHbIX rpyHU.
PaCCMOTpHM 1iOJjpo6Hee 3Ty BO3MOMHOCTb. ;IJIH Kaa goft H3 CeMH TO'IegHbIX
rpyHri MO?KHO paCCMOTpeTb KOHKpeTHyIO MOJjeJIb MOJIeuyJIbI H lOJjCLIHT3Tb
LIHCJIO tiaCTOT, aKTHBHbIX B HHC paKpaCHOM H KOM6HHaIjHOHHOM CHeKTpaX. Pe-
3yJIbTaTbl Taxoro HoAegeTa upeACTaB Iexbl B Ta6J1. 10.
Ta6.1Hga 10
IlpaBuaa oT6opa gan HeEOTOpbIx Mogeael Moiesynbl
rpynna cnM-
(DopMy.na
MHC,IO 1acTOT,
aETIIBfIbIx TOJIh1O
06H1ee 'IHcno 'Ia-
CTOT, aHTHBHbIx
LIHCSIO JaCTOT, aH-
TIIBHEIx B cneHTpe
McTpIIH
Moatehy.nbl
B IIHf)palipaCHOM
B HHq)paHpaCHOM
HO M6HHaIIHOHHo CO
cneHTpe
cneHTpe
pacceoHHH
.D3
8406
13
D4
B6O9
24
D6
B8012
23
C3h
B4O6
11
D3h
5
D3h
12
OnbIT
7-8
B 9TOII aKe Ta6JIHIje yKa3aHa TaIuTe xHMH'Iecxafl ( )opMyJla Mo.ieKy.lbl.
'4ilcJio aTOMOB B MOJIeKyJIe Bb16paHO TaKHM o6pa30M, LITO6bI MOHCHO 6bIJIO
HOCTpOHTb MOJjeJIb MOJiehyJlbI, Hp1HaJj3le?KaWylo K JjaHHOI3 TOIIegHOIl rpyrne
113 MHHHMaJIbHOrO HX TIHCJIa H LITO6bI olia HMeJIa COCT3B (B2O3)n, rJje n -
Ije..'IOe LIHCJIO. H Ra?KJ[OYI TOtIetHOII rpyHHe, Boo6lue rOBOp i, MOaKeT IIpHIiaA-
JleaKaTb HecHOJIbIio pa3JIHLIHbIX MOJjeJIeII MOJIeKyJIbI. 113 HHX B Ta6JI. 10 6bl-
JIll BKJIIOTIeHbI JjaHHbie TOJIbKO jjJIH TOIL MOJjeJIH MOJIeKyJIbI, KOTOpaJ JjaeT
M1IIIHMaJIJHOe YHCJIO qaCTOT B HH()paKpaCHOM CHeHTpe.
Hatt BI49HO M3 Ta6J1. 10, MOAeJIH Mo.lexyJi, IIpI4HajjJleaKallhe K TOLIetHbIM
rpynnaM D3, D4, D6, C3h II D3h (B406), AaiOT CJIHHIKOM 60abIHoe LIHCJIO LIa-
CTOT B HH( paKpaCHOM H KOM6HHaIIIOHHOM CueKTpaX no Cp3BHeHHIO C 3KCIIe-
pHMeHTOM H II03TOMy JjOJIaKHbI 6bITb OT6pOIIIeHbI. I1oJjCLIeT LIHCJta gaCTOT JjJIH
MojeJleH D5 H C5h He 11pOH3BOJ[HJICH BBHJjy OTCyTCTBHH COOTBeTCTByIOMHX
Ta6JIHIj B KHHre I'eplj6epra [441. Mo?KHO, oJjHaxo, C AoCTaTOtHOII yBepeHHo-
CTbIO HpeJjuoJIO?KHTm, qTO LIIICJIO qaCTOT JjJIA 3TIIX MoAeJIeh 6yJjeT jie MeubHle,
MeM JjJi i MOJje.iei D3 H C311 COOTBeTCTBeHHO, TaK K1K TiHCJio aTOMOB Bo3pa-
cTaeT B o6oux CJIytaiix, a CHMMeTpHH 11PH uepexo e K rpyllaM D5 H C5h
uOBLIIHaeTCH JIITIIIb B He60JlbMOii Mepe. 3TO o3HataeT, TITO MOJjeJIH D5 H Cbh
Ta1a1e AaJjyT CHJILHOe pacxo is eHHe c 3KCHepJTMeHTaJIbHbIMH JjaHHbIMH H HO-
TOMy AOJTH HM 6LITb OT6poIIIeHbi.
Xopomee COBHaJjeHHe TIHcJIa HHC paxpacabix qaCTOT C 3KCIIepnMeHTOM Jja-
eT MOJjeJIb D3h (B203), OIjHaKO LIHCJIO qaCTOT B cueKTpe KOM6HHarjnOHHoro
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IIH(I)PAKPACHbIE CHEHTPbI II CTPYKTYPA CTEHJIOOBPA3YIOIIUJX OKHCJIOB 255
paecenHHH jJIFI 3TOII MOAerni paBHO II5ITH BMeCTO CCMIJ-BOCbMH, Ha6JIIOAeHHbix
B aiCIIep1MeHTe. Ha oCHOBaHHH aToro (J)aITa MO?KHO CgIHTaTb, 'ITO MOAeJlb MO-
JIeKyJIbI, IIp1HaAJleiKaman K TOi1eqHOYI rpynne CBMMOTpHH D3hi He IIOATBep-
?KAaeTCIi aKCIIepIIMeHTOM. HpOMe Toro, npl IOMOIWI IneCTH OCHOBHbIX i1aCTOT,
KOTOpbIO AaeT MOAeJIb Dah, HeBOBMO?KHO HHTepnpeTHpOBaTb OCTa1lbnble 19
naCTOT HH4JpaKpadnoro B KoM6HHaIjHOHHoro CnewTpOB an CyMMbI, pa3HOCTH
nJIII 06epTOHbI 3TIIX IneCTH MaCTOT.
TaiIrM o6pa3oM, IIpeAnOJI05Ken1Te 0 TOM, *ITO gaCTOTa - 1330 cm -l He COB-
naAaeT C cooTBeTCTBylonjeu gaCTOTOR CIIeKTpa KoM6lrnaljnonnoro pacceuHHn,
He MOAieT 6bITb npHHHTO. Heo6xo 11Mo IIpeAIIOJIOSKHTb, LITO TIaCTOTa ---1330 cm- 1
HH(J)paHpaCHoro CneiTpa COBnaAaeT C LIaCTOTOri 1330 cm -1 CIIeHTpa KOM6HHa-
i iionnoro pacceslnn$i.
B TaHoM cJIyilae BCe TpII OCHOBHble LIaCTOTbI HH(paKpaCHoro CIIeKTpa npH-
CyTCTByIOT TaK?Ke lI B cneKTpe I{oM6BHaWIOHHOrO paccemlull, a 3T0 03HaMIa-
eT, 'ITO 11IOJIeKyJIa 6opHorO alrHApHga AOJIMHa npBHaAJIe?KaTb K OAHOH 113
CJIe,7jyI0HjHX ABeHaAIjaTH To'IeLIHbIX rpynn: C21, D2, C4, C5, C6, S4, C4v, C5r, C6v,
D2d, T, Td?
JJJ4 MIX TOgeLIHbix rpynn MO?KHO uirrr Ka?KAOII MOAeJIH Mo1IeKynbl HOA-
CiIIITaTb 'IHCJIO qaCTOT B HH(paKpaCHOM H KOM6HHaIjWOHHOM CneKTpax. Pe3yJIb-
TBTbI TalorO nojc,4eTa IIpeACTaBJIeHbI B Ta6JI. 11. 143 BCeX BO3MO KHbIX MO-
Ta6nIIlja 11
HpaBu+aa oT6opa in pa3annabIx CTpy1TypnbIX MoAenefi Moaexya
6opnoro amrm;jp11Aa
TIHcJIo eacTOT, aI;THB-
(Dopmy.na
MoJIel;y.nbl
LIHCJIO gacTOT, aHTIIB-
HbIX B HHlppaxpacHoM
cue} Tpe
HbIX B cnewrpe HoM-
6HHawHoRHOro pac-
ceaHHH
c
B203
8
9
2v
D2
B203
7
9
C4
B4O6
12
18
C5
B406
12
15
C6
B4O6
10
13
S4
B406
12
17
C
B406
11
17
4v
C
B4O6
12
15
5v
c
B406
10
13
6v
D
B406
10
17
2d
T
B8012
13
23
Td
B4O6
4
8
Td
B8O14
9
17
0iII,IT
3
8
AeJleii MOJIeK.'IbI, npllnaAJleaAaHj4X K AaHHOl4 To'Ie'IHOH rpynne, B Ta6JI. 11
BOIHJIII AaHHble TWIbIO gag TOil MOAeJIH, KoTOpas AaeT MHHHMaJIbnoe iIIICJIO
MaCTOT B HH()paKpacnoM cneKTpe.
PaCCMOTpeHHe Ta6JIHIjbW Hoxa3blBaeT, LITO TOJIbAO AJIH MOAeJIH MoJIelyJIbI,
IIMeIOHjeII ( opMyJIy B406 11 HpnIIaAJIe?KaweI3 K TO Ie'IHOII rpynne CHMMeTpHH
I'd, qIICJIO qaCTOT B HH(paKpacHoM cneKTpe ('IeTbipe) H nOMOIIHaIjHoHHoM
CrICHTpe (BOCeMb) 6JIn9KO K 'IHCJIy gaCTOT, Ha6JIIOAeHHbIX 3KCHepIIMeHTaJIbHO:
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TpH B HH(JpaKpacHoM cneKTpe H BoceMb B cneKTpe ROM6HHa1)HoHHoro pacceH-
Hnfl. Bee J{pyrne MOgeaH Mo ieKyJInI J(aIOT 'IHCJIO LIaCTOT, oco6eHHO B HH( pa-
HpacHoM cneKTpe, CHJIb1O OTJiH'Iaion eecH OT Ha6JIIogeHHoro.
? 12. HHTepHpeTaIJ!H KoJIe6aTeablloro cneKTpa
MoJlelryJIbl 6opnoro axrnjpuRa
BLIIIIe 6bIJIo noIa3ano, 'ITO MOJIexyJla 6opnoro aHrI4 pHAa gOJi?1Ha lMeTb
XHMniTeCKYIO 4JOpMy5Iy B406 H upBHaj;JIeSKaTb Sc TO'Ie'IHOI3 rpyIIIIe CIIMMeTpIIH
Td. CTpOeHHe TaxoI3 MOJIel yJlbl 143o6paHCeno Ha p1C. 11. ATOMLI 6opa pacno-
JIOHxeHbl B BepIHHHaX TeTpaagpa, a aTOMLI RHCJIOpOAa Ha npnMbIX, coeJ{IIHSIIO-
11 HX I;eHTp TeTpa3gpa c cepeJ(HHaMH CTOPOH 3TOrO TeTpa3Apa.
Kax n B CJIy'Iae (JIOC(JOpIICToro aHrHJ(pilga, MOJIexyJia HMeeT CaeJ[yIOH[He
THnbI CHMMeTpnH KoJIe6aHnI3: Al - 2, E - 2, FI - 2, F2 - 4.
AJIfI OTbICxaHHn 'IaCTOT, upHHaJ;JIe}Kan{HX 3THM TIIHaM CHMMeTpnH, cpegii
Ha6JIIOJ;eHHbIX MO RHO 6bIJIO 6b1 npHMeHHTb O6JP1HbII3 McTOJS, OCHOBaHHbIH Ha
HOCTH, BCTpe'IaeT H3BeCTHOe 3aTpyAHeHlle
BbI6Op OCHOBHbIX 'IaCTOT H3 o611;ero SIX
'InCJIa. HO3TOMy ?KeJIaTeJIbHO 6bIJIO Hpo-
BeCTH XOTH 6b1 rpy6biH pac'IeT qaCTOT
}OJIe6anI4 MOJIexyJlbl. LJIH 3TOI3AeiHI 6bI-
JIH npHMeHeHbl BeKOBble ypaBHeHHH, BbI-
BeAeHHble B npegHOJIO?KenHH BaJIeHTHO-
CHJIOBOI'I MOJ[eJIH AJIJI MOJIeRyJI ypOTpo-
HHHa N4(CH2) 6, HMeIOH]HX CHMMeTpHIO
? 6 00 Td [511.
JIeKyJIbI B BblpalxeHIIH 1OTeH1IIaJIbHOH
3Hepri i MOJIeKyJIbI BXOJ(5IT BCero JIJmb
TpH CHJIOBble IIOCTOSIHHble: BaJIeHTHasI IIOCTOHHHa$ f CB}I3H B - 0 H ge4 op-
MagHOHHble HOCTOHHHIi'e d H g yrJioB OBO H BOB COOTBeTCTBeHHO. AJIH
Ka?Kporo Tnna CHMMeTpnH iOJIe6aHHH HMeeTCSI CBCe BeROBOe ypaBHeHHe,
J[J1H THIIOB CHMMeTpnH Ai, E, Fi- ypaBHeHHH BTOporo 1OpfJgKa OTHOCIITeJIb-
HO KBagpaTa 'IacTOTM, uJIn THna F2- ypaBHeHHe 'IeTBepToro nop1JSxa.
T4To6bI IICIIOJIb3OBaTb 3TH ypaBHeHHH AJI5 BbI'IHCJIeHHSI CHJIOBbIX HOCTO-
HHHbIX H 'IaCTOT MOJiexyJlbi B406, Heo6XOJ[HMo 3HaTb yrJlbl Mexcgy CBSI3HMH..
B ypOTpOIIHHe n gpyrlIx opraHH'Iecxnx MOJiexyJiaX yrJlbl Mesic y CB}I3HMH
TeTpa3gpH'IecKHe HJIH 6JI113Kn K HHM. B ())OC(bOpHCTOM allrHApHJ[e OTIJIOHCHHII
OT TeTpa3J[pu'IecEHX yrJIOB AOCTHraIOT AeCHTH rpaAyCOB [431.
H3BeCTHO, 'ITO ATOM 6opa HMeeT BaJIeHTHOCTH, xax npaBnJlo, HanpaBJleHHble
HODS yrJIOM 120?, a ATOM SIICJIOpOJ;a - BaJIeHTHOCTII, HanpaBJleHHble HOA yrJIOM
90? [521. HpH coeJ{HHeHHii aTOMOB 6opa H x1CJlopoRa B MoJlexyJly yroJj OBO
HeCKOJIbKO yMeHbHIHTCII, a yrOJI BOB HeCKOJIbiO yBeJIII'IHTCSI no CpaBHeHHx)
c 06bI'IHbIM. MOMHO npeJ[IIOJIaraTb, 'ITO Mbl He CgeJIaeM 6OJIbIHOII onn161 ii,
eCJIH HOJIOIIIIM 3TH yrJlbI paBHEIMII TeTpa3gpwiecHHM. HpH 3TOM CJiej[yeT HMeTb
B BHAy, 'ITO He60JIbIIIoe OTKJIOHeHHe BeJIH'IHHbI yrJla OT HCTHHHOI'O He MIO?KeT
CHJIbHO HCKa3HTb pe3yJIbTaTbl paC'IeTa [441. Kpome Toro, TaK icaic AeJIb HaCTOH-
Mero paclIeTa COCTOHT B OTLICKaHHH OCHOBHTIX 'IaCTOT, TO MOHCHO IJ OBeCTH
paC'IeT H 6e3 TO'IHOTO 3HaHHl yrJIOB Me?lJ[y CBJI3$IMH. Maccbl aTOMOB MOJIexyJlbI
ypOTponHHa (N - 14 n CH2- 14) 6JIH3xH K MaccaM aTOMOB MOJIeiyJIbI 6opnoro
allrix pHAa' (B - 11 H 0 - 16). HpH OAnHaJOBOM xapaRTepe CBH3eI3 3T0
gaeT OAHO3Ha'HbIX pe3yJ1bTaTOB. B 'IaCT-
yanpaunUivi n hUMUnla4HUHHOM cneiTpax.
OJ;HaRo B gaHHOM cJiy'iae 3TOT McTOA He
COHOCTaBJIeHHH aITIIBHOCTH HOJIOC B IIH(-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
o3HagaeT, "ITO AOJI}HHbI 6b1Tb 6JIII3EHMII CHJIOBble nOCTOHHHble, a CJIeAOBa-
-reJIbHO, H COOTBeTCTByIolWLe iIaCTOTbI o6enx MOJIeRyJI.
Hpn paCgeTe iiaCTOT CHeJIeTa MOJIeliyJIM ypOTpoHHHa TpH TIaCTOTbI: 1041,
782 II 465 cm 1, 6bIJIH B3HTbI AJIH onpeAeJieHHH TpeX CHJIOBbIX nOCTOHHHbIX.
"laCTOTbI 1041 H 782 c.%t -1 HplHaj{JIe9HaT K THny CHMMeTpHH Al, a gaCTOTa
465 CM-' K THHy E. AHaiior1iIHble iIaCTOTbI HMeIOTCH H Y MOJIeHyJIbI 6opHoro
allrIIApIIAa. DTO gaCTOTbI 1035, 808 H 470 cm-1. IIaCTOTbI 808 cm-1 CHeHTpa
Ko11161IHa1(H0HHOro paccenHnH Ha116oJlee HHTeHCHBHa it HOJIHp13OBaxa H HO-
3TOAIy, 6eCCHOpHO, HpnHaAJIe H1T K THHy AI, gaCTOTa 470 cm -1 aKTHBHa TOJIbRO
B CneKTpe KOM6HHaiwoHHOro paceeHHHH, H HO3TOMy AOJI}HHa 6bITb oTHeceHa
H THny E. XOTH IIIHHH c MaCTOTOI3 1035 CM-1 H HBJIHeTCH cJIa6ou B cueKTpe
KOM6IIIIai[iiOHH0ro pacceHHnf, OHa Bce-TaKH oTHecexa Haiti H THHy Ai, Tax
lcaic Ha116ojlee 6JIII3Ka K allaJiOrngHOII liacTOTe (1041c.nt-1) ypOTpOHHHa. JApyrne
JIIIH111I -1125 it 915 cm-1, HaXOAHII 1IeCH B 3TOI3 )Ice o6JIacTI3 qacTOT, eii e cJIa-
6ee, geii .nHHHH 1035 cm-1 60pHoro aHr1ApnAa.
I4CHOJIb3ys 3TH naCTOTbI, MbI paCCUITaJIH 1 CnJIOBble HOCTOHHHLIe MOJIeIiyJIbI
6opHoro aHrtiApilAa f, d it g npil nOMOn1H ypaBHeHnH, HpHBeAOHHbIX B pa6oTe
[511. BTII HocTOHHHble oKa3aJIHCb paBHbMMH: / = 5,852 ?105 auH/C.nt; d =
0,644 .105 011711c.i; ? = 0,590 ?105 dui/chi. Hpn n0MOHI,n CIIJIOBbIX IIOCTOHH-
HI,IX 6bIJTIi nOJlygeHbl iiaCTOTbl ApyrllX OCHOBHbIX KOJIe6aHHH siOJIeiyJIii:
TITHa F V3 = 1372 c.1c-1;
Ti ma F1 vg = 1505 cm -1;
THna F2 I v7 = 1428 cm-1;
vq = 671 cm -1;
v6 = 383 cat.-1;
v8 =11059 cam 1;
V10 = 671 cm-1.
11pIIBeAeHIibllfl pac IeT rI03BOJIHeT OTbICKaTb oCHOBHble gaCTOTbl MoJIeRyJIbI
6opHoro allrIiApiiAa cpeAii Ha6JIIOAeHHbIX. LIaCTOTa V3= 1372 CM-1 THna E
AOJi}HHa 6bITb aHTHBHa TOJIbRO B CneKTpe KOM6HHaWIOHnoro paccealHH.
Ila116ojiee CHJIbHOII H 6JIn3KOIi no gaCTOTO H paCC'IHTaHHOi3 (1372 cu-')
B CIiCKTpe IcOM61IHaAnOHHOro pacceAHHH HBJIHeTCH ioJioca 1430-1560 cm-1,
Ile npOHBJIHIOnnanCH B HH( palipaCHOAI CneHTpe. RoJIe6aHH51 tuna F2 aRTHBHbI
B o6ollx CneKTpax, HM MO;KHO conocTaBHTb gaCTOTbI 1330 (1428), 1260 (1059)
H 718 (671) cm-1. B CneIiTPO uoA16nHaiAHOHHoro paccenHnH HMeeTCH 'IaCTOTa
670 cm-1, KoTopan coBrlaj,,aeT c paCC'HTaHHbIM 3Hagennelll 671 cm-1; ee Tai n;e
cJleAyeT OTHOCTH K THHy CHMMeTpHH F2.
C BbIgnCJIennou naCTOTOI 383 CM-' Tnna Fl, KOTOpaf 3anpenena B o6oiix
Cnei:Tpax, M05HHO COIIOCTaBIITb ogenb cJia6yio noJiocy 365-410 c.4t-1 cneliTpa
noM6IIHaiAH01111oro pacceaHHH. Ona IIOHBJIHeTCH B CneKTpe KoM6HHaWHOnnoro
paccellHIIH BCJIeji,CTBHe napyHIeHHH HpaBHJI OT6opa. J]pyroe HOJIe6aHHe THna
Fi, corJIacno pacgeTy, HMeeT gaCTOTy v5 = 1505 cm-1, "TO CoBiiajl,aeT C IIIH-
p01"i HOJIOCOII V31 Hp0CTIlpalou~ellcH B CHeHTpe KoM611HaAllorIHoro pacceH-
HIIH OT 1430 Ao 1560 c.nti -1.
COnOCTaBJIeHHe BbILmcJIeHHbIX H Ha6JIIOAeHHbIX qaCTOT (B Cm-1) npIIBOAHT-
CH Hmice:
Bbl'Hc.nennble . . . . . . . 1372 1428 1059 671 671 1505 383
Ha6JnoAeHHb1e . . . . . . . 1500 1330 1260 718 670 1430-1560 365-410
THn cHMMerpHH . . . . . . E F2 F2 F2 F2 F1 F1
Halt BHAHO, AJIH oAHOII gaCTOTbr 1260 cm-1 HMeeTCH pacxo icpeHHe B 16%
c BbrgIICJIennbiM 311ageHHeM 1059 cm1, Aim Apyrnx qaCTOT pacxo?KAenne
1 HoApo6HOCTH pactIeTa CHJIOBbIX HOCTOIIHiniX H TacTOT MOJlelfyJlbI 6opoioro allrTigptAa
HpI1BeAeHh1 B HpHJIO11OHHH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Bbl'gHCJIeHHbIX H Ha6JIIOReHHLIx 3HatIeHHI3 He HpeBblHlaeT 10%. TaR xaK BaJIeHT-
HO-CHJIOBaH MogeJlb HBJIneTCH AOBOJIbHO rpy6bIM npi6Jrn eHHei, a HCTHH-
Hoe 3HaiieHHe yrJIOB Me}KAy CB3133IMH HeH3BecTHO, TO noAo6Hoe CoBllaj[eHHe
BbliIHCJIeHHbix H Ha6JIIOAeHHbIX 3xaileHHl3 cJleAyeT CMHTaTb yAoBJIeTBOpIITeJIb-
HIIM Aim iieaeli OTblcxaHHH OCHOBHbIX tiaCTOT B CHeRTpe.
T4TaI, COMb HaH6OJIee CHJIbxbIX qaCTOT cIIeRTpa KOM6Hxal(HOHHOro pacceJi-
HHH H TpH HaH6oJIee CHJIbxble tacTOThI HH(paxpacxoro clleKTpa HxTepIlpeTH-
poBaxbl KaR ocHOBHbie (Ta6J1. 12). OAHa iIacTOTa cpeAHeI3 HHTeHCHBHOCTH cneKT-
pa KoM6HHagHOHHoro paccesiHHH - 508 cm-1 6JIH3xa K qaCTOTe 470 c'
THiia E. MOWHO npeAnoJiaraTb, 'ITO 3Ta 'IaCTOTa }IBJIfIeTCH pa3HOCTHoii ilaCTO-
TOIi, HHTeHCHBHOCTb KOTOpOII yCHJIeHa 3a C'IeT pe3oHanca (PepMH C LIaCTOTOH
Ta6aHga 12
I'IH(1paEpaeHbI(i H 1 oM6OHHauHOHHbIII CHeKTpbl 6Oopuoro aHPHgpztAa H HX HHTepHpeTatHH
CIIeHTp HoM611Ha-
HHnpaHpacHbi4I
Bbl,mcaeHHoe
THH CIIMMeTp1u HepXHe.-
U110HHOr0 pacceH-
CHeHTp, CM-1
aHageHHe 'la-
ro Ho.ne6aTe.nbHoro co-
HHH, cm-1
CT0TbI
CTOHHHH
225 (o. ca.)
VI - V2
227
Al
280 (o. ca.)
V10 - V6
290
A2-i E--F1-i F2
380 (ca.)
V6
F1
470 (cp.)
E
508 (cp.)
V3-V1
470
E
605 (ca.)
V7 - V9
610
Al -{- E + F1 - F2
670 (cp.)
V10
725 (cp.)
718 (c.)
V0
F2
765 (o. ca.)
2V6
AI+E-rF2
808 (o. c.)
810 (ca.)
V2
Al
915 (o. ca.)
2V4
940
Al + E
960 (o. ca.)
V4 + V6
950
A2+E+F1?F:
1040 (ca.)
VI
Al
1095 (o. ca.)
V9 - V6
1100
A2 + E + F1 + F2
1125 (o. ca.)
V10 V4
1140
F1+F2
1258 (c.)
1260 (o. c.)
V8
F2
1330 (cp.)
1330 (c.)
V7
F2
1380 (ca.)
V9 -j- V10
Al + E + F1 + F2.
1500 (cp.)
V3
E
1730-
V7-~- V4
F1 + F2
1860 (ca.)
2070 (ca.)
V9 + V7
2050
Al -t- E -{- FI + F2
2220 (ca.)
V3 + V9
2220
Fl + F2
2545 (ca.)
2v8
2520
Al+E=F2
2750 (ca.)
V8 4- V3
2760
F1 + F2
470 C.ht-1. L,ei3CTBIITeJIbHO, pa3HOCTHaH naCTOTa vg-vI IIPOCT14paeTCq OT 395.
Ao 525 cm-1 H HMeeT THII CHMMeTpHH E H, CJIeAoBaTeJlbno, MOSKeT HMeTb pe3o-
Haxcxoe B3aHMOAelCTBHe c tlaCTOTOI3 470 CM-1 THIIa E.
Hocae Toro, KaI IIAelTH(HIiHpOBaHbl ocxoBHble KoJIe6aHHH, c.Ia6ble LIaCTO-
TbI HHC)paxpaCHoro H KOM6HHaI;HOHHoro CHeKTpOB MoryT 6bITb 1IpeACTaBJIeHbi
KaK HepBble O6epTOIIbI H CyMMapHble, H pa3HOCTHble KOM6HHaAHII OCHOBHbIX
KOJIe6aHHIi. B Ta6JI. 12 HpOACTaBJIOHLI pe3yJlbTaTbl HHTepHpeTaAHII Ha6JII0AeH-
HbIX 'IaCTOT MOJIeRyJIhI 6opHoro allrHApHga. He HCKJIIOileHa BO3MO?KHOCTb Toro,.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
'ITO HeKOTOpble 113 cJia6bix 'iaCTOT MoryT 6bITb IIHTepnpeTnpoBaHbI He Tax,.
KaR yKa3aHO B 3TOfi Ta6J1Hge, a KaKIIM-JIII6o nHMIM o6pa3oM.
PaCXOHiJ(eHHe McHCJ(y Ha6JLIOJ[eHHbIMH H BbW'1BCJiOHHbIMI1 3Ha'lennfMH ciia6bix.
'IaCTOT HH(JpaKpaCHOrO H KOM6HHaIj1OHHOrO CneKTPOB He ripesbimaeT 25 cm-1.
Yi1IITbIBa1I, 'ITO IIOJIOCbI 6opHoro allrIIRpIIRa AOBOJIbHO nIHpOKH H TO'IHOCTb
onpegeaemui cJIa6bix 'IaCTOT, OCO6eHH0 B cnexTpe KOM6HHagHOHHOPO pac-
CeSIHHSi, HeBeJI1Ka, ciieZ[yeT CiIHTaTb noAo6Hoe COBnaJ[eHne 'IaCTOT yIAoBJIeTBO--
pHTeJIbHbIM.
KaK 6bIJIO OTMe'IeHO Bbluie, cJIa6an IioJioca 365-410 cm-1 cneKTpa HoM61t-
HaIInoHHOro paccenmin M05KeT 6bITb oTHecena K 0CHOBHOMy KOJIe6aHn1o Tuna
Fl, IIPOSIBJISIIOMeMYCS1 B CneKTpe KOM6HHaI;IIOHHOro pacceHHnH B pe3yJlbTaTe.
HapynIeHHH npaBIIJI oT6opa. To o6CTOFITeJIbCTBO, 'ITO HeROTOpble 113 CJIa6blx
iIaCTOT MoryT 6bITb IIpeI;CTaBJI0HLI B B1Ige COCTaBHbIX TOHOB Iipn IIOAIOIIZII
3TOI1 'IaCTOTbI, IIOJ[TBepHfJJ;aeT TaHoe IIpej{nOJIOHCenne.
HapymeHHe npaBuJi oT6opa CKa3bIBaeTCH TaKIHO B TOM, 'iTO 'IaCTOTbI THHa
cHMMeTpHn Ai - 808 II 1035 CM-1 1PORBJISiIOTCSI B B1Ae CJia6bix IIOJIOC B I3H-
c paxpacnoM cneKTpe, rge OHII 3anpeu1enbl.
MoaCHO IIOKa3aTb, 'ITO IOHBJIeH1Ie 3TIIX JIIIHIUT B rIH( paKpaCHOM CneKTpe-
MOHfHO PaCCMaTPIIBaTb Jlnnlb Kan pe3YJlbTaT HapyineHIIH IlpaBIJI oT6opa.
L,eI3CTBHTeJIbH0, ecJIH C'IIITaTb, 'ITO 3TH JIHHnn pa3penieHbI IIpaB1Jlamn oT6opa
B IH()PaHpaCHOM cneKTpe, TO Tat Ka1 8TH JIHHHH IIOJIHOCIIMMeTpII'JHbi (JIIIHun
808 cm-1 IIOJInpH3OBaHa), MOJ1eRyJIa RO.1DHHa IIpHHa)IJiOHtaTb K OAHO$I 113.
TO'Ie'IHbIX rpyrin, AJISS HOTOPLIX IIOJIHOCHMMeTpII'MHble JIIHHH pa3pemeHbI
B HH4)paHpacHOM cneKTpe.
To'ie'IHMe rpynnbi, AJIH KOTOPbIX HOJIHOCIIMMeTpH'IHble KOJIe6aHHH aKTIIB-
Hbi TaK9Ke R B HH(J)paRpaCHOM cnexTpe, mm pa3o6beM Ha ABa KJiacca. H nep-
BOMy KJIaCCy oTHeceM TO'ie'iHbie rpynnbl C Hn3KOI3 cuMMeTpnel3: C2, Cg, C3,
C3,, C. ,JIR 3T14X TO'Ie'IHEIX rpyIIn BCe 'IaCTOTbI gOJIHJ1bI 6bITb aRTIIBHbI
11 B 11H(pa1paCHOM, 11 B HoM61iHagHoHHoM CneRTpax. Tac KaE B KOM6IIHa1IIOH
HOM CneKTpe 6opHOrO allrH pH a HMeeTCfl geJlbii3 p5IR 'IaCTOT (1500, 670, 508.
H 470 cAt-1), KOTOpEIe He aKTHBHbI B 11H()pa1paCHOM cneKTpe, TO MOJIeRy3Ia He
MOH{OT np1HaAJIO1f 3Tb Hn K OAHOI3 1,13 3THX TO'Ie'IHbIX rpyllll.
HO BTOPOMY KJIaCCy oTHeceM TO'Ie'iHble rpylinbI C21,1 C4, C5, C6, C4.,,
C5L, C6,, S4. B Ta6JI. 11 IIpHBOASITCn npaBHJia oT6opa gJISI 3THX TO'Ie'IHEIX
rpyIIn. ECJin c'i11TaTb, 'ITO B IIH(paxpacnoM cneKTpe IIMeIOTCSI nFITb OCHOB-
HbiX gaCTOT (TpH CIIJIbHEIX H CJIa6ble naCTOTbi 808 H 1035 cm-1), TO AJISI BCeX
3TIIX TO'le'IHbIX rpyIIn 'IHCJio 'iaCTOT B IH())paKpaCHOM CneKTpe CJIIIIIIKOM BeJIII-
HO no CpaBHeHHIO C Ha6JII0AeHHbIM. TaKnn o6pa30M, IIOSIBJIeHne gaCTOTbl
808 CM-1 B IIHC p3KpaCHOM CneKTpe MOH;e-
JieHnH 3THX MHHepaJIOB B caMOCTOiITeJIbHylo rpynny cy6Jl;HCIIepCHMX CKpMTO-
KpHCTaJIJIHilecKnx CHCTOM.
3Ta rpynna MHHepaJIOB MO}KeT 6LITb IIpOTHBOHOCTaBJIeHa pe3Ko OTJIII'IHbIM
OT H1X KpHCTaJIJln'IecKHM HHo60TaHTaJIaTaM, XOpouio H3yt1eHHbIM HpH-
CTaJIJIoxHMHLIecHH,- KOJIyM6HTy, TaraloaHTy, CTn6HOTaHTaJIIITy, TopoJIHTy,
CHMHCOHHTy II HM IIOJSo6HbIM. He npegonpeJ;eJIHH OTHeceHma McTaMHKTHbIX
HHo60TaHTaJIOBLIX H CJIO}KHLIX KOMlJIelCHMIX HHO6OT14TaHOBbIX MIIHepailOB
K CTpyKTypHO-XHMHilecuOMy THIIY OKHCJIOB HJIJ coJIeo6pa3HI,IX COeJ[HHeHnII,
CJIeJ);yeT, OJ>;HaHo, OTMeTHTb, 'ITO J[oCTaTO'IHMIX OCHOBaHHI3 J);JIH nepBoro npej--
CTaBJIeHnH noua HeT. BbITb MOMOT, HeT o60CHOBaHHbIX MOTHBOB n j JIn OTpHga-
HHH cyII>;eCTBOBaH1IH B IIpnpoge coJIei3 yxa3aanblx KIICJIOpoAHbIx KHCJIOT.
HoaTOMy yCJIOBHO H C'IIlTaIo 6o iee y;Ao6HbIM paccMaTplBaTb McTaMHKTHIIe Mn-
HepaJlbl 3TOII rpynnbl Kali HIIO6OTaHTaJIaTbI n COOTBeTCTByio He THTaHOHHo6aTbI,
T. e. OTHOCHTL HX K rpynne co.leo6pa3HLIx KHCJIOpOAHLIX CoegHHennii. Pac-
cMaTpHBaeMMe MHHepaJmJ, BcJIeAcTBHe nepexoJ;a B McTaMniTHOe COCTOIIHIIe,
HaCTOJIbHO pe3Ko OTJII'IaIOTCH OT HOpMaJIbHbIX KpHCTaimiriecKnx MHHepaJIOB
nogo6HOro HM p5J(a, 'ITO H CtIHTaIO COBepmeHHO Heo6XOJ1;nMbIM BbIJ[eJIeHne
nX B caMOCTOHTeJIbHy10 rpyIIIIy, o6,begIIHsIeMy10 o6MHOCTbIO 4)H314'IeCKHX H
XIIMI'IeCIiiX (JIyHKIJ;n1'I. B pe3yJlbTaTe npOBegeHHbIX MHOIO B 1947-1948 rr.
logpo6HI,IX 3Rene piMeHTaJlbHbIX nCCJIeAOBannIi 3T14 oco6eHHOCTH MOryT 6bITb
B o61geM BJAe c(opMyJIHpoBaHbI CJICAyIOII14M o6pa3oM.
1. McTaMnKTHble HHo60TaHTaJIaTLI 110 (l1I3I1'IecKHM CTpylTypHIiIM oco6ell-
HOCTHM IIpOJ[CTaBJIHIOT co6oio MHHepaJlbI, pe3Ko OTJIII'IHble OT BCOX MIIHepaJlb-
HbIX Ted, o6JIaga1OII[HX HOpMaJIbHLIMH KpHCTaJIJIwlecxHMII CTpyKTypaMll.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Cucme.ntamuxa u x,2accuouxatfu.w wema.rotuxmubtx nuo6oman,naaamou 9
3TO IIpeAOIIpeAeJIHeT HaJ!Btnle pnAa 0c06blx, CIIeABC B'IeCKHX CBOICTB, HpIICy-
HnHx TOJIbKO AaHHb1M MHHepaJlaM. OHH IIpeACTaBJIfiIOT C06oi3 cy6AHenepcHble ar-
peraTbl, c pa3MepaMH OTJ(eJlbHMX tiaCTRA uopnAKa 30-60 A, B03HBKIIII1e
3a cLIeT ge3HHTerpa1JHH n IIeperpylrHpOBKH xopMaJlbxoro KpnCTaJIJIHnecxoro
Beu;ecTBa, 6e3 n3MeHeHaa BHem iieI3 (opMN o6pa3oBaBI hIXC$I paHee xpHCTaJI-
JIOB. 3TOT McTaMHKTHbIII pacnaA, HJIII arperaTHacI IIeperpynIIHpoBna BeujecTBa
B TBepAol3 ( a3e, IIpOHCXOABT B IIpapOAHOM IIpoi ecce, BepOSITHO, 3a c'IeT aHep-
raa paAHoaKTBBHOro pacnaAa.
2. Ho aoMnJIeKCy (a31Piecmtx CBOIICTB McTaMBKTHble HHo60TaHTaJIaTbI
OTJIH1IaIOTCH CJIeApomi4MH 0c06eIIHOCTHMII:
a) o6JIa) aIOT 60JIbf lIM 3anacoM CB060AHOII BxyTpenneyi aHeprHB, 'IeM
HOpMaJIbHble KpIICTaJiJ1H'IeCKHe TeJIa anaJlorHtIHoro COCTaBa, 3a cileT yBeJIHile-
HHH IIOBepXHOCTHOB aHeprHB gaCTHA MCTaMHKTHOr0 arperaTa, HaxoAHIIuerO-
CH B cy6AacnepcHOM COCTOHHBII. 3Ta IIeycTOYI'IHBaa TepMOJ(HHaMH'ecKB CH-
CTeMa yCTOIIIIBBO CyIJ] CTByeT B IIpapOAHbIX yCJIOBBHX TOJIbRO 611aroAapm
IIOCTOHHHOH noAAepHfie CTaTHtIecKOrO paBHOBecaH B Hel KHHeTBtiecHo ( aHep-
raelI paABOaKTnBHOro pacnaAa coAep nau;BXCH B 3TIIX MHHepaiiax U, Th
B HpOMesKyTO'JHbIX npOAyFTOB ax pacnaAa;
6) npa HarpeBaHBB, 6JIaroAapa KIIHeTHtlecKOI3 aneprin, coo61gaeMOI3
cy6AHCIIepcHhIM 'J CTHgaM MHHepaJla, B onpeAeJleHHMft MOMeHT HaCTynaeT
a44eKT ((peKplCTaJIJIB3aWIIN, TeOpeTw ecan pa3pa60TaHHbIB F. TaMMaHOM
(1931) Aim allaJioratIHoro HBJIOHIIH B McTaJIJlax. PeHpiCTaJInH3agBa IIpIIBOAIIT
K yapynnenuIo tlaCTnh1 AO pa3MepOB, BIIAHMbIX B MHKpOCKOIIe, tITO COIIpOBO-
1KAaeTCa BbIAeJieHHeM H36bITOtlnoro TenJla 3a C'eT yMeabmBexna CB06oAHOH
1IOBepXHOCTHOII allepriii JaCTBA. KaK noKa3aJIH Mon TepMorpa(J)BtIecxne HC-
cJIeAOBaHHH, aTO KoJIBtIeCTBO TenJla MO;H0T AOCTBraTb BeJIH'IHH Hopnjna 50=
80 KaJI/r. KOJIBtIecTBO aneprBB, coo6J1 aeMoe HarpeBaimeM Ao HacTyIIJIeHHn
Hatlanla peKpJCTaJIJI143aUBH, ConpoBo;HgaioiuenCH ax3oTepMBtlecKBM a44eK-
TOM, Aim xaafAoro Tana KpIICTaJIJIOxaMHtIeCKOI CTpyKTypbI, T. e. Aim KaaCAoro
MnHepaJIbHoro BHAa, BBJIBeTCH IIpH6JIB}KeHHO HOHCTaHTHbIM (aHaJlorBtiHo
OIIbITHbIM AaHHbIM TaMMaHa Aim McTaJIJIOB), BCJIeJCTBae nIero HatiaJIO pexpa-
CTaJIJIH3aIMHl1 IIpB OABHaKOBOI3 cxopoCTB HarpeBa HaCTynaeT B onpeAeileHHOM
TemnepaTypHOM BHTepBaJIe, Taica a KOHCTaHTHOM AJIH McTaMHKTHOrO MHHepaJla;
B) McTaMHKTHble MaHepaJlbl ((peHTrenoaMop()HbI>, T. e. IIpH pa3pemaion;ell
CII0006HOCTII peHTreHOBbIx Tpy6ox, pa6OTaioMBX Ha B3JIytIeHlH BOJIH C X
1-1,5 A, AaioT IIpB BeJIn'IBHe t1aCTll arperaTa IIopnAKa 30-50 A HaCTOJIbKO
pa3Ma3aHHbie BHTep( )epeHguOHHble KOJIbga, tITO pellTreHOBCKBe CHHMKII ana-
JIOPHtIHbl TaKOBbIM AJIH aMop(HbIX Tea. KpaCTaJIJIn'eCKoe CTpoeHBe cy6ABC-
nepcnblx tlaCTIIU yJIaBJIBBaeTCH TOJIbHO npa npHmeneHBH AJInHbI BOJIH nopnjiia
0,06 A, T. e. Ha annenTpoaorpa())e. flociie apoKaJIHBaHHH H peKpilCTaJIJIHaagmi
(T. e. yKpynaeaif naCTal~) McTaMBKTHble MHHepaJlbl AaIOT HOpMaJlbny1O AJIH
Kp1ICTaJIJIBtIecKHx Tea KapTBHy peHTreHOBcnOfi 14HTep(DepeHA11H;
r) HO (l43atieCKHM (yHKAIUIM, B CBH3B C cy6AncnepcHbMM arperaTHbIM CO-
CTOHHHeM, McTaMHKTHble HBO6oTaHTaJIaTbI BnOJIHe OTBe'aIOT TBOPAOMy KOJI-
JIOIIAy, Co BCeMII nplCy1IJ;BMn aTOMy COCTO}HBIO TBepAOrO Tenna CBOIICTBaMH,
B TOM 'IBCJIe - tipe3BbltiahHO 60JIbIIIOl3 IIOBepXHOCTHOa cyMMapHOJ aHeprleii
tlaCTHA, TITO BbI3bIBaeT HBJIeHBH maponoro cop6iiaonnoro o6MeHa c oxpy naio-
n[eli cpeAo i. 3TO o6ycnloBJinBaeT HeyCTOII'HBOCTb a H3MeH'IBBOCTb BaJIOBoro
COCTaBa, onpeAeJIneMOro CJIoacHbIMa IIp0AeCCaMB B3auMoAelCTBHa MHHepanla
c oxpy}naloa;ell reoxBMB'IecKOII CpeAoH MOCTOpO?KJ eHBn, Ii raApaTawiIo, c
IIpogiiLiM yAepSEaHIIeM tiaCTIIA BOAbI CHJIaMII nOBepXHOCTHOrO HaTrla eHBH
(BpilnlaaaHun) Cy6MBKpocKona'IeCKHx tlaCTBIA.
Ho anannornl C KOJIJIOBAaMa, B McTaMHKTHbIX MHHepaiiax (paCTBOpfTeJIeMN,
Haii ABCIIepCHOHHOH cpeAoli, 6yAyT tiaCTII'IKB OcHOBHoro KpncTannnlatiecxoro
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
10 F. H. Bapcauoe
CoegHHeHnfl - MHHepa.la, a (OpMyJIa acxirn -
Ta.- ,T);oxJi. AH CCCP, T. XXX, N773, 1941.
C T a p bl H H e B H Y- B o p H e m a H H. !i. H3OMOp(Hble 3aMelIgeHfH B HeHOTOpbIX ~OC-
~aTax H THTaaocHJIHHaTax. Pyxonncb. (DoHAm HFEM AH CCCP, 1945.
T a m M a H F. McTaJIJlorpa~HH. JI., FocTexH3AaT11931.
q e pH H H F. H. XHMrnecHHA COCTaB ypanbcxou pa3HoBnAHOCTH ~eprycoHHTa.- 113B.
AH CCCP, , 15, 1921.
LI e p H H H F. H. AHaJin3 OAHoro pegR03eMejibHoro BHJII09eJLH 143 nerMaTHTOB BOJibI-
IIII.- H3B. Pocc. All, N 1-18, 1922.
e p H H H F. H. Pe3yJIbTBTM aHaJIH3oB 3HImHHTOBOIi ceMbn H IIeCHOJIbHO CJIOB no n0-
BOAy MHHepaJioB 3HnIHIHT-6JIOMCTpaHAHH-npafiopHTOBoro pija Boo6nie.-IHypH. (1)n3.-
xHM. o6-Ba, X1MIIJ, T. 61, N 5, 1929. x
H B a r t ho Th. Norsk. G of ATidsskr.,HBd x9, 19 63A BO AH CCCP, 1955.
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in Iveland, Setesdal, S. Norwegen.- Norsk. Geol. Tidsskr., Bd. 14, H. 1-2, 1934.
B r a n d e r b e r g e r E. Die kristallstruktur von Koppit.- Zs. Krist., Bd. 76,
1931.
B r a g g e r W. Die Mineralien der Syenitpegmatitgange der Siidnorwegischen Augit
and Nephelinsyenite.- Zs. Kryst., Bd. XVI, 1890.
B r a g g e r W. Die Mineralien des Sudnorwegischen Granitpegmatitgange. I. Niobate,
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1906.
D o e I t e r C. Handbuch der Mineralchemie. Bd. III, 1918. Niobate u. Tantalate
(F. Zambonini u. G. Prior.).
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G a e r t n e r H. R. Die Kristallstrukturen von Loparite and Pyrochlor.- N. Jb.
Miner., Abt. A, Bd. 61, 1930.
G o 1 d s c h m i d t V. Geochemische Verteilung. III. Kristiania, 1924.
H e c h t F. Titanoniobate - Niobate -Tanta late. Doelters Handbuch der Mineral-
chemie, Bd. IV, Abt. 2, 1929.
H o l m q u i s t P. Synthetische Studien fiber die Perowskit and Pyrochlormineralien.-
- Bull. Geol. Inst. Upsala, 1896-1897, Bd. 3, 1898.
L a c r o i x A. Mineralogie de Madagascar. Paris, v. 1, 1922: v. II, 1932.
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M a c h a t s c h k i F. Die Pyrochlor-Romeit Gruppe.- Chemie der Erde, Bd. VII, 1932.
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P a 1 a c h e C, B e r m a n H. a. F r o n d e I C. Danas system of mineralogy. 7 ed.,
v. 1, 1944.
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S t r u n z H. Mineralogische Tabellen. 2 Aufl. Leipzig, 1949.
S t u r d i v a n t R. Zs. Krist., Bd. 75, 1930.
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and Tantalate.- Zs. anorg. u. allgem. Chemie, 13d. 208, H. 3, 1932.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
06 ua tenercuu eeu(ecmeeKHoeo cocmaea epauumiioti VaP.Iibi 47
Aim rpaHIITO11ABLIX nopoA paiiOHa (Ta6JI. 2) TeM Me cHOCO6oM oupeAe-
JIeHO Bo3pacTauue co ep KaHHSI MHKpoIJIIIHa OT paxHHX pa3HOB11AHOCTeIi
K II03AHHM, IIpH'qeM 11O3AHHe pa3HOBHAHOCTH rpaxllTOH'JOB 11IeHee 06oratuellbl
MHKp0KJIHHOM, TIeM paHHHe pa3-
HOBIIAHOCTH IIerMaTIITOB.
TaKHM o6pa30M,000THOIIIeHIIe
IIOJIeBLIX HIIIaTOB B rpaHHTHbIX
IIopoAax it IIermaTIITax paHOHa
06HapyxcHBaeT CJIeAyIOH;He 143Me-
HeHHx (pnc. 2). CIIatIa3la oTMe-
TIaeTCSI 3aKoxoMepHoe Bo3paCTa-
HHe coAep uaHHH MHKpoKZHHa oT
Mi 0 10 (B paHHIIX pa3Ho.
ri -nnn- nn
BHAHOCTHx rpaHhITOHAOB) K P1
30 60 (B H03AHIIX pa3HOB14A-
70 40
Mi
HOCT31X rpaxllTOIIAOB) 11 AO P1 =
= 800 -100 (B paHHHx pa3HOBHAHO-
CTHX HerMaTIITOB), a 3aTeM IIpoHC-
XOAHT yMeHbIHeHIIe ero co ep5Ka-
Mi 30 60 o Mi
xHx AO Yl = 70 40 II 110 Y1 _
- 10 30
90 70 (B
pa3HOBHAHOCTHx
nerMaTIITOB)
Mi 0 10
P1 _ 100 90
(B caMNX IIO3AHHX-CIIOAyMeHOBLIX
IIerMaTHTaX) 1. 143 CAeJIaHHbIX CO-
IIOCTaBJIeHHYI HanpaIIIIIBalOTCH
cJleAyioBgHe BbIBOAbI.
3axoxoAiepnoe Bo3paCTanne
coAepxcaHIIH MHKpoinnIIHa, xapaK-
TepHOe AJIH IIOCJIeAOBaTeJIbHoro
xoAa BpIICTaJIJIH3aLwn rpaHHTHOII
MarMbl (BIIuIOTb AO MHKpOK3IHH0-
Bb1X nerAiaTIITOB) HapyinaeTcil
rr0apq
1,70',7e5c #UnUm
0 0 0 ? V a a + * x
1 Z 8 4 1 6 7 8 If 10
PHC. 1. CBoRiiax AHarpaMMa MHlHepaJlbnoro
coCTaBa nerMaT11TOB (Ha OCHOBC AHarpaMM
B. M. HynneTcieoro, 1953), Hoxa3i,IBaionkaH
COOTBeTCTBHe HerMaTIITOB pa3HOBHAHOCTSIM
rpaHHTHLIX HOpOP.
CnoAyMe HOB bie ne rMaTHTLI: '1-TOHa-
7IHTbI, nJIarnorpaHHTbi; 2 - rpanHTbl; 3 - ajificum i
(cno5iyMenoBbte 3oHbi); 4 - ToHaJIHTLI, nnarnorpaHHTbl
(annHTOBHAHHe 3OHbi) B MYcnoBHToBbie cnaBAbi (cJIaH-
IleBbie 3OHbi); 5 - AnopHTbl H OTTiacTn rpaHOAHOpBThl
(aOHbl HenocpeACTBeHHbIX BOHTaBTOB); M y C B 0 B H T-
TYpMaJinHoBbie nerMaTHTb1: 16-nna-
rnorpanHTbl, TonaJIHTbI; 7 - rpaHHTbl (BHyTpeRHHe 3o-
HbI); M H H P O B SI H H 0 B bi a rn e r m a T H T bI: 18 -
rpaHoAllopHTbI, 9acTblo rpaHnTbi (Bpaesble `aoabi); 9 -
rpaEHTb1; 10 - aJMC}HTHI H BBapueBble cnenHTbI
(BHyTpeHHHe 30H11)
npH Hepexo e K MycnOBHTOBOHIepJIOBbIM 11 3aTeM H CHOAyMeHOBLIM
HerMaTHTaM. Hpoi ecc HpIICTaJIJIH3awIn MTIIX HerMIaTHTOB OT3IHLIaeTCH
3auonoMepnbIM nomimeHHeM co epxcaHHH M1IKpOHJIHHa, Ao HoJIHOro ero IIe-
tIe31JOBeHIIH B COOTBeTCTByIOI[IIX 30Hax CIIOAyMeHOBbIX IIerMaTIITOB H IIOSIB-
JIeHIIH HeKOTOpOrO ero KOJIHgeCTBa B CTaAHlo aBTOMeTaCOMaTO3a.
XapaiTepHOH oco6eHHOCTbIO H3yTIeHHLJx IIerllfaTHTOB paHOHa gBJISIeTCSI
He3HaglITeJIbHoe IIpOHBJIeHHe B HHX KOHTaiTOBorO B3aHMOAeiICTBHSI. KO3I11-
iiecTBeHHo-MHHepaJIorn ecKHH COCTaB IIerMaTIITOB IIpHKOHTaKTOBLIX 30H
o6HapyncIIBaeT ABe oco6eHHOCTH. C ojHOiI CTOpOHbI, oHH o6oralgenbl II3Ia-
ruoHJIa3OM, 'ITO cBH3aHo c peaKH,HOHHLIMH KOHTaHTOBIIMH HpoJ eccaMH,
(pnc. 1, 5, 8), a c Apyroi3 cTOpOHLi, oHH MecTaMil o6orameiibi KBapueM,
LITO CBSi3aHO c IIocJIeAyIOH;HMH HpoI1eccaMH rpeI33eH113aIjHH (piic. 1, 4).
1 ToJibHO B HeHOTOpLIx o6pa30BanHSlx cTaLwn 3aMCn[eJ1JJn o611apyHOIBaeTCSI McCTIlOe
pa3BBTHe MIJCpOKJIHHa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
48 H. B. fuu36ype
Ta6aui a 2
HpHMepbI MIIIiepalbHOrO COI.TaBa rpannTOHJIHbIX nOpo H3ygeHnoro pafona
(B o6iaeAfH. 0/0)
Mnaep 1 bi
TOHannTrn
rpanoauopHTbl
rpaHiITLI
Hnapu . . . . . .
28,5
24,7
20,6
25,9
33,9
36,2
32,4
36,9
30,8
34,3
27,2
21,4
Ha arnoxJla3 . . .
48,4
52,1
61,3
55,8
42,7
44,6
43,3
45,7
35,6
28,1
23,0
26,0
MnxpoxJluH . .
-
0,6
2,5
5,7
6,3
10,3
11,2
6,4
15,5
24,4
45,0
46,2
BnOTIIT .. . . . .
19,4
13,8
8,4
6,0
11,6
4,7
3,2
6,6
10,1
4,9
2,8
1,9
My-CROBUT . . .
-
6,3
3,7
4,2
3,5
-
7,3
1,5
4,1
1,3
0,2
2,1
31I13OT . . .
2,0
2,0
2,5
1,7
0,8
2,2
0,5
1,2
2,2
6,2
1,2
-
AxueceopHble. .
1,7
0,5
1,0
0,7
1,2
2,0
2,1
1,7
1,7
0,8
0,6
2,4
C V M M a ...
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0I100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
OTMeileHnble HOHTaRTOBble HpOfHBJIeHHII, no Cyi4eCTBY, He Clia3bIBalOTCB Ha o61geM
COCTaBe MYCHOBllTOBO-IllepJlOBbIX, MHHpOHJIHHOBbIX II CnOAyMeHOBbIX HerMa-
THTOB, T. e. lie BJIHHIOT Ha haul BbIBOAbI.
0 20 40 60 80 700 80 60 40 20 0 ZO
Muhpok,7uH
Piic. 2. Ppal nx cooTlIomeliHSi noJienbix IHnaTOB B rpaHn-
ToiJ.[ax a nerMaTllTax (HO J(aHHbIM 85 xOJlnilecTBeHHO-
MHHepaJlOrwieciinX lOJICTIeTOB). CyMMa HOJIeBblX IHHaTOB
oTHecena x 100; 3JJecb, i:ax H Ha phIC. 1, Becb aJIb6uT OTHO-
CHTCH N HJIarloHJIa3y.
IIHI1pLI na rpaqalee o6o3Ha JaIOT: I-TOHaJInTbI; 2 - rpaHOAHOpnTbi;
3 - rpaHnTbf; 4 - MHI;pOEnHHOBbie nerMaTBThI; 5 - MyCHOBHT-
nlepJIoBble nerMaTHTuI; 6 - cHOayMeHOBuIe nerMaTHTmI; 7 - 3aMe-
IualonlHi eoMrnJeHC cHOayMeHOBblx nerMaTHTOB.
A - none rpaHfnTOfluoB; Ili - none nerMaTnTOB.
2. IIpH CpaBHeHHH AaHHbIX XIIMHLIeCHIIX allaJIH30B rpaHIITOHAOB H nerMa-
TIITOB H3yileHHoro paYIOHa (Ta6JI. 3) BbIHBJIHeTCH, IIpexcAe Bcero, HepeJIOM B CO-
OTHOHIeHHH B mix H;ejioiieI3. IIO Mepe cJIe OBaHHfi OT rpaHOAHOpnTOB H MnKpO-
KJIIIHOBbIM IIerMaTHTaM IIpOIICXOAHT HaHOIIJIeHHe KaJIUH. OT MHHpOHJIHHOBLIX
IIerMaTHTOB K JIHTHeBbIM nerMaTHTaM H B IIpeAeilax nOCJIeAHHX OTMetiaeTCH
IIOHHxceHHe co epSKaHnH KaJIll. B rpa(rniiecRoM H3o6pa?HeHHH npouecc o6o-
raiuenuH H nocJleAyioIIiero o60AHeHIH IIOpOA KaJIneM Bmrji IAHT IIOIITI oAii-
HaKOBO HaK AJIH ilacTHblx anaJln3oB JIHTHeBLIX nerMaTHTOB H accOAHHpyIOII;IIxcn
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IIpHMepbl XHMHYecnorO COCTaBa Het oTOpbIX rpanh1TOHAOB 13 IICPMaTHTOB H3yyennoro pailolla
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
OHIICJI6I
Bee
%
Mo.neH.
c. %
Be c.
Bee. %
MoneH.
. %
Bee.
MOJICI;,
. %
Bec.
D10J10H.
BeC %
Monet.
1`1
Bee. %
Mo.nel;.
HOJI114
.
HOJIH9.
HOJIH,1,
}iOnB9.
IiOnH,I.
HOMI, .
.
H0n1
.
Si02 . . . . . . . . .
71,66
1194
75,57
1259
71,92
1198
73,90
1230
76,37
1272
72,50
1207
74,96
1248
Ti02. . . . . . . .
0,36
005
0,21
003
0,11
001
0,17
002
0,06
004
CaeAbi
000
-
-
A1203 . . . . . . .
14,22
139
12,87
126
14,47
142
14,30
140
13,32
130
17,04
167
15,40
151
Fe203 . . . . . . . . .
1,29
008
1,07
007
1,44
009
0,79
005
0,70
004
0,07
001
0,49
003
FeO . . . . . . . .
0,89
012
0,96
013
1,34
018
0,81
011
0,22
003
0,67
009
0,35
005
MgO . . . . . . . .
0,38
010
0,43
010
0,70
017
0,32
007
0,17
005
0,22
005
0,05
001
m no . . . . . . .
0,12
001
0,02
000
0,02
000
0,06
000
0,04
000
0,12
001
0,07
001
CaO . . . . . . . .
1,11
020
1,24
021
2,34
042
1,35
024
0,62
011
1,10
020
0,45
008
N a20 . . . . . . .
2,27
037
2,62
042
3,50
056
2,96
048
3,20
052
3,26
053
4,18
068
K20 . . . . . . . . . .
6,90
073
5,11
054
3,85
040
5,04
053
4,80
051
2,71
029
0,34
003
Li20 . . . . . . .
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,39
047
2,19
073
p205 . . . . . . .
-
-
C2iel>ia
-
0,11
000
0,02
000
-
-
0,25
002
0,28
002
BeO. . . . . . . .
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,05
-
CneAbi
-
S04 . . . . . . . .
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0,20
-
>)
-
B20 . . . . . . . .
0,05
-
0,07
-
0,13
-
0,19
-
0,15
--
0,14
-
0,20
-
II oTepil IIpl npoi. .
0,22
-
0,34
-
0,33
-
0,39
-
0,49
-
0,69
-
0,69
-
Cyiis
99,47
-
100,51
100,26
-
-
100,30
-
100,14
-
100,41
-
99,65
-
ABTOpa ABTOpa I A. A. gyMaiconal 11. A. MaTpo3 ABTOpa
Anarinabi . . . . . . B. H. BioAangal ABTOpa
I
. .
1, 2, - FpauiiTHble HOpOJjbI FJIyOHIIHOPO 09ara, BepOHTHO, po;joIagaJIbHOFO gJIH rpaiIHTOB, accoijm HpylouloxcH Co CHOayMeHOBbiMB HeFMaTHTaMH; 3, 4, 5 - FpaHB-
TIA, accouu1IIpyI0ak1ieCH Co cno11yMe1IOBbIM11 IIerMaTIITaMH; 6, 7 - CHOJByMeHOBb1C HerMaTIlTu.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
c HuMII rpaHHTOIJ OB I13y'IeHHOro paYlona (pnC. 3), Taii it Ti AJcpejHnx co-
CTaBOB rpaHnTOB 11 IlerMaTHTOB ceBepo-3anaJ[a CCCP (pnc. 4).
rJIaniieuiuIie'IepM XnMn3Ma rpaHHTHbIX HeFMaTHTOB lOKa3aHbl A. E. (Depc-
ioanOM (1941) B i nc pax HJiapHOB nopogoo6pa3yIOn~nx 3JIeMeIITOB Ha npiMepe
rpaHIITHbIX nopOA It IlerMaTHTOB Ypa.TIa. ,1,Jin ceBepo-3anaRa CCCP TaHme
HpeJ);CTaBJI5IeTCII B03M05HHbIM paCCMOTpeTb HeHOTOpble oco6eHHOCTH XHMH3Ma
rpaHIITHbIX nopOJA n CBH3aHHbIX c HIIMH nerMaTHTOB (no J{aHHbIM CpegHHX XH-
MIi'IeCKIiX COCTaBOB, BbPHICJIeHHbIx HaK CpeAHHe apl7(JMeT1l eCICHe, Ta6J1. 4).
COnOCTaBJIeinie CpeJ[HerO rpaHOJ);nopIITa, rpaHlITa, MIIKpOKJIHHOBOrO ner-
MaTnTa H JIIITneBoro neriaTnTa o6Hapy?KHHBaeT CJIepyioii yio HanpaBJIeHHOCTb
H3MeHeHIlH cOJ(epaHaHna OKHCJIOB (B
Nu20 11 IOJIeiiy1IApIIbIX HOJI11'1CCTBaX, Ta6Ji.4).
X201 61 OT rpanoRnopiTa x MlIEPOE 11HOBOMy
e
100 o a r --------
IipeMHe3eMa it 1CaJI14H, Ho najjaeT co-
gepaKaHlie HaTpI1n. B JIHTHeBOM nerMa-
80 - O TnTe - caMoe HH3HOe cogep?HaHHe Ha-
20 V o' $ 00 IIIITe, a HaTpusi 6oJlbuie, '1eM B rpario-
60 P
? 6 o J[HOplTe. COJ~epaxaHue rJlnxo3ema 11 BO-
40 ? Jbi (rloTepii npu rlpolaJluBaHHH) naRa-
i?.o
20 40 60 00 /00 20
KZO
Q-61
TICBOMY nerMaTII Ty. LogepmaHne HceJze-
3a it Martina nagaeT OT rpanoJ(HOpI1Ta
H I> (C), OT rpaHOj[HO-
PIITOB K MHKpOKJIIIHOBbIM IIerMaTIITaM - (b), B03paCTalomax
e -S- a
5 0 S to is
Pnc. 6. I1eTpoxrIMwiecI aH AxarpaMMa (no A. H. 3aBapnuxoMy, 1944).
1 - rpaII0;I1IOpHTb1; 2 - rpaHHTbl; 3 - MHHpoHJnIHosne nerMaTHTbI; 4 - JIHTBeBbie
HerMaTBThI, B HOTOpUX JIHTniI nepecgHTaH Co HzeJlogaMH, BCXORH H3 npmaa3neHHIIOCTI1 ero
K 11 enogBI.M McTaJISIaM; 5 - 01111 Ilse, HO.IHTHH o i eJ;HHeH C MarnneM (npn1IIIMaH BO BHII-
MaHBe,'ITO B HpnCTajIJ,Bgecmix pemeTHaX nopo3006pa3'IOn(HX MIIHepajloB - CHO39Mene,
c IJo3IaX, TypMaJ1HHe H 3pyrlIX-JIIITIii3 3aHHMaeT McCTa MarIIIIH H )He:Ie3a); 6 - HaHpaB-
:IeHIIOCTbj 3I(J4epeHIulawIH (IICnoJIb3oBaBm Aamme cpe3HHX COCTaBOB ropnbiX nopo3,
CM. Ta6JI. 4).
3aTeM B -11THeBbIX HerMaTIITax; (a) XapaIiTepn3yeTCa HeyCTOH-
TIHBOCTbIO. B 1InCJIOBbIX XapaiTepHCTHKax (Ta6JI. 5) BbICTynaeT 60Jlbinan OC-
HOBHOCTb (b) ii II[eJIOMHOCTb (a) JIenhIAOJInTo-dno yMeHOBhIX nerMaTIITOB II nX
McHbIIIaII 143BeCTKOBIICTOCTb (C) H HHCJIOTHOCTb (s) no cpaBHeHHIo Co dno yMe-
HOBbIMH.
Pa3BIITIIe iipo iecca MarMaTn'IeCKOI3 J{H44epeHI;nal(11l HaraIH,HO H3o6pa-
)KaeTCn Ha RHarpanie 3aBapnWKoro (HC. 6). Hepexo amH OT rpaHOJl;IIOpHTOB
(puc. 6, 1) K rpaHHTar (pnc. 6, 2) H Ra.Iee K MHKpOKJInHOBbIM HerMaTlTaM
(pHC. 6, 3) oTMeqeH HopMaJJbIIbII3 XOA 3TOro npoi cca. Hpu nepexo e OT HaJiIIe-
BbIX-MnKpOKJIHHOBbIX HerMaTIITOB (pHC. 6, 3) K JIIITIIeBbIM (pHC. 6, 4),npor ece
npno6peTaeT HeCKOJIbKO HHylo HanpaBJIeHHOCTb (oco6eHHo pe3KO BbIpaH{eH-
HyIO B cJiytlae o6'beJ[IIHeHIIH LI20 C MgO npH pac=ieTe cpeqHero anailii3a
(pHC. 6, 5).
OTMeilennoe (pnc. 3, 4, 5, 6) n3Menenne HanpaBJI HH0CTH npoi[ecca Aii i-
c4epeHrjiiauHn HOKa3bIBaeT, qTO OTileTJIHBO BbIpaaCeHHafl TeHjeHgIIII HaKo-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
54 H. B. Funa6ype
IIJIeHHH HaaIIH B pacHdlase, A0CTHrHYB onpegeJIeHHOrO Hpel;e:Ia (B MIIxpo1Jll3-
noBblx IIerMaTHTax), npeKpangaeTCSI H cMeHSIeTCfi Tellgern Hei HaKouJIeRIIH
gpyrux u eJIOLIHbix McTaJIJIOB, B HepByro oLIepegb JIIITHSI (B criogyMeHOBLix Her-
MaTHTax), a 3aTeM HaTpHH, py6HAIIsI II IJ03IIH (B JIerni 0JIHTO-CIIOAyMeHOBLIX
nerMaTHTax). HMeHHO 3TIIM11 o6CTOHTeJIbCTBaMn, O'IeBIIJI,HO, 06'bHCHHeTCH
reox1nm'IecHoe paa.Tuv ne Me?B MHRPORJIIIHOBbIMII rpaHHTaMH H MHHpO-
RJIIIHOBbIMH IIerMaTIITaMII, C OAHOH CTOPOHII, H pa3HOO6pa3HbIMH THIIaMII JIH-
TIIeBLiX IIerMaTHTOB - c gpyroii (A. FHH36ypr, 1955), a TaRSRe ueTHaH XHMH-
,iecRatt o6oco6aeHHOCTb BCe~3 rpynrnI JIIITHeBbIX (HaTpO-JIIITHeBLIX) IIerMaTll-
TOB cpeJ{II JJ;pyriix rpaHHTHbIX IlerMaTHTOB.
3. I43MeHeHHH B OTHOCIITeJIbHOM coJ(ep1RaHHH nopogoo6pa3ylolZnx OHIIC-
a0I3 IIpII nepexoj e OT MHHPOHJIHHOBLIX nerMaT11TOB H CIIOAyMeHOBbIM, o IeBHA-
110, 11 onpegeJISIIOT co6o l HaHorIJlenne pgga 3JIeMeHTOB B CnoJ[yMeHOBblx it ae-
HnRoJIHTO-cnogyMeHOBblx uerMaTHTax H3y-leHHoro pailona. Tax, B rpaHHTax,
npegiueCTByrorgIIX nerMaTHTaM, H B MHRpOHJ1I1HOBbIx nerMaTllTax yCTaHOBJIeHO
37 XIIMIITIeCRIIX 3JIeMeHTOB, B MyCHOBHTOBO-IHepJIOBbIX - 40, a B CIIOJ(yMCH0-
BLIX H .TIe11HjOJIHTO-CHOAyMeHOBbIX - 51. XIIMnLIeCRIIe 3JIeMeHTbI, OTHPbITble
B rpaHHTax II MIIRPORJIIIIIOBbIX nerMaTIITaX, BXOJ;HT B COCTaB Bcex jl;pyrllx Her-
MaTlITOB: H, Li, Be, B, 0, F, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr,
Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Sn, Ba, La, Hf, Pb, Tb, U;
B AIycHOBI1TOBO-MOPJIOBLIX nerMaTHTax o6HapyHCeno ewe TPII aJIeMeHTa: Mo,
Ta, TI, a B C110gyMeHOBLIx II JIe1HAOJIHTO-cnOJtyMeHOBbIX HerMaTHTax, HpoMe
Toro, BLIBBaeno ewe 11 3JIeMeIITOB: Ge,As, Ag, Cd, In, Sb, Cs, W, Au, Bi, Ce.
IIpII 3TOM B npoqecce nerMaTHTOo6pa3OBaHIIH XIIMII'IeCRHe 9JIeMOHTbI He HC-
'Ie3aloT (XOTH HeROTOPbIO 1,13 HHX, uy gbie IIerMaTnTaM - Cr, V, Co, Ni it
np.- paccellBalOTClI). KoHI(eHTpagH1 MHornx gpyriix 3JIeMeHTOB IIOBLI-
IIlaeTCH, CyJ(H Ito pe3vrEbTaTaM cneKTpa3ILHLIx allaJI1130B (HanpHMep, Li, Be,
Ti, Cs, Rb, Bi), it no gaHHuIM 0 B03paCTaHHII ROJIH'IecTBa MHHepaJIOB, CO-
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o6pa3yIoT caMOCTOHTe.Ibllble 11IIIHepaJILI (Li, Au, Zn, Cs, Be H Jnp.). B BOCLMII
RAaeT
ycTanoBaeHHble pauee A. E. ITepcManoM (1941) H A. H. FIIH36yprou (1955)
xapaRTepubte uepTLl cocTaBa MIIRpOHJIHHOBLIX, mepaoBO-MycxoBIITOBLIx H
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TOB H IIerMaTHTOB HeCROJIbRO AOIIOJIHIIOTCA npHBegeHHaH A. 14. FHH36yproM
'(1955) reoxHMIIilecxaH uoCJIegoBaTeJIbHOCTb cueHbI OgHIIX Meaotreii ApyrH-
MH. 110 HaIHIIM gaHHMM, cywiapnaa ROHIjOHTpagii5I ll eJloqeii OT rpaHHTOn-
JqOB H JIHTHeBbIM neruaTuTan npol1CXOJAIIT B CaegyloweM Ifop3igEe:
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I[I10pnTbi noBble nerMaTnml nerMaTHTbI Bble nerMaTBTSI
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CHIiCOK XHMH9eei:IIX 3IICMeHTOB, OTHpbITbIX B H3y*ICIIHbIX MHHepaIaX Cne1 TpaabHbIM afaIIH3oM
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B CBH3II C 113JI05KeuIIbIM IIpeACTaBJIHJIOCb IIHTepeCIIbIM 113y'IHTL HOBeAeHHe
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I OBpegeneImJI IIapaMeTpoB o6pa3uoB 2403, 2404, 2406, 2407, 2408 B1uIoJIllexbi c
TO'IHOCT IO Ao ? 0,001 kX, OCTaJIMHbIx o6pa3i~OB -- C TO'IBOCTI, O ,Io ? 0,002 kX.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
0 aaeucumocmu napa.Ilempa pewem,;u .Uui,epa.we zpynnU cr; ymmepyduma oru .i'u.o. cocmaca 63
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C HCXOJSHbIM 06pa3AOM: IIOCJIe TpeXMIIHyTHOIi o6pa6oTKii 3T0 OTHOiIIeHHe oKa-
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6bIJI HOJIHOCTbIO OCBO6O?KgeH OT IIp11MeceiI HpOMeinyTO'IHbIX HPOJ[yKTOB. 3TO
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,i];Jin axcnep11MeHTa 6paJIIi c paiuHio - 175 it ? 200 Meiu. OcTaTOK OT pacTBOpe-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HIIH HpOMbIBa7In H BbICYIHHBaJ1II Tax me, KaK H B npegbiuyiueM CJiyiae. OH
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pnaJle.
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aHaJIH3a BIIJ;HO (CM. Ta6JI. 2, o6p. 2408), WO 3TOT OCTaTOK o6oraII;eH K06aJIb-
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KaTHOHOB nepemeJi TOJIbKO HnFeJIb.
OHpeJ;eJienne napaMeTpa pemeTKn j aJio BeJTII'nIHy 8,286 kX, T. e. H B
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pYAIITa.
TaRHM o6pa3oM, HPHBeJkeHHbie J[annbie HOjjTBepSKJ;aIOT H36HpaTCJibnyIO
paCTBOPHMOCTb HIMaJIbTIH-xJIOaHTHTa, OJS1HaKOBYIO HPH 3TOM 110 xapaKTepy
B pa3JIH'IHbix peareHTax. Bo BCex CJIyTIanX HanMenee yCTOH'gHBbIM OKa3bI-
Ba.ICH 6oraTbili HHKeJieM KOMIIOHeHT. B ocTaTKe OCTaBaJICH KoMHOneHT, o6o-
raH[eHHbIIi no6aJIbTOM, IIpH6JIH5KaIoIIIHncn no IIapaMeTpy peIIIeTKH K CKyTTe-
pyAHTy. OTHOHIeHHe ASMee S B OCTaTKe npaKTH ieCKH He H3MeHHJIOCb.
BOJIyTIeHHbie j[aHHbie, a TaK}Ke pe3yJIbTaTbI pa6oT Rpyrnx HCCJIeJ[OBaTeJIeH
3aCTaBJIHIOT IIpH3HaTb, 'ITO OJ;HOII H3 COCTaBHbIX TIaCTen IIIMaJIbTHH-XJIOaHTHTa
HBJIHeTCH CKyTTepyqHT, coxpaHHIOH;HI1CH IIpH TpaBJieHHii aHHIJIH()OB B B1Re
6JIeCTHH;IIX 6eJIbIX 30H H OTAeJibHMIX 3epeH. ApyrnM He KOMIIOHeHTOM IIIMaJIb-
TIIH-xJIoaHTnTa HBJIHeTCH 6oraTbn3 HnxeJleM apceHHA, OTHOIHeHHe As + S B
Me
KOTOpOM, o IeBHAnO, MOWeT 6bITb pa3JIIILIHbIM. 3TOT KOMIIOHeHT JIerKO paCTBO-
pHeTCH pa3JIHLIHbIMH peaKTHBaMH H IIpi TpaBJIOHHH Ha HOBePXHOCTH aHHIJIH( IOB
BbIHBJIHeTCH B BHAe TeMHLIX 30H.
,IIJIH yTOLIHOHHH xapaiTepa 3aBIICIIMOCTII napaMeTpa pefeTKH OT COCTaBa
6bui HOCTpoeH rpa()nn (puc. 1). OTReJibHMe TO-IKH 3TOPO rpa()HKa M05KHO COe-
AHHHTb PHAOM IIpHMbIX. OAHa H3 HHX KPYTO HaKJioneHa K OCH a6CIWnCC H Hpo-
XOJ(HT Tiepe3 IIIeCTb TOtIeR, COOTBOTCTByIOII;HX TIeTbIpeM coeJJnneHHHM, lOJIy-
'IOHHMM HCKYCCTBOHHO (8, 9, 10, 11) XOJIMCOM, H J;ByM IIpnpOJ{HbIM apCe-
HHgaM (TOiIKH 1 H 2). Bee 3T14 coeAHHenuu HMeIOT OileHb HH3KHe IIapaMeTpb
pelneTKH, 6JIn3KHC K 8,19 kX, T. e. COOTBeTCTBYIOT CKyTTOpyJ[HTY. 1-1psMan,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
0 aaeucu. tocmu napamempa peuiemxu.Muuepanoa apynnba cxymmepyOuma om xu.s.cocmaea 65
coeAIIHHIOIIuaH HX, IIOKa3bIBaeT IIPFIMO IIpOIIOpI;HOHa1IbHyIo 3aBHCHMOCTb Me-
1KRy HapaMeTpoM peIIIeTHH II coAep;HaHHeM Ko6aJIbTa B coegHHeHHH, iITO BIIOJI-
He eCTeCTBeHHO 7;JIH Beu1ecTB, IIpe) CTaBJIHIOII;HX H3OMOp(2HMMH pH7{.
OCTajibHhIe To'IKH MOHSHO COe) IIHHTb pH7{OM IIapaJIJIeJIbHuX IIpHMIIX.
flpH 3TOM HIIMHHH IIpHMaH IIpo eT B6JIH31ff BOCbMH TOLIeK (12, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29), 7kpyraH TaHme B6JIH3H BOCbMH TO'leK (2, 6, 10, 17, 18, 19, 21,
22), a TpeTbH - 136JII1311 IIIeCTH To1JeK (3, 4, 5, 15, 16, 20). YpoBeHb IIp5MhIX
100
8,19 ,19 ZO ,21 ,22 ,29 ,24 ,25 ,29 Z7 ,29 ,29 ,90 ,81
kX
Inc. 1. r pa#x 3aBHCHMOCTH napaMeTpa pemeTHH OT xHMHHecKoro coc-
TaBa. IIo ocn a6ci ncc OTJIOMeHbI BeJIWIHHN HapaMeTpoB, no ocH OpAHHaT -
coAepacaHHe xo6aJlbTa B o6pa3I[e. B HpymHax - TOIqKH, COOTBeTCTByIOIIIHe
o6pao1aM Hpnp0AHbIx apceiHAoB, pJAoM yIa3aHbl nopHAKOBI.Ie HoMepa
o6pa3IJoB no Ta6JI. 1 H 2. B TpeyroJIbHHKax - T0'JKH, 000TBeTCTByIOR IIe
CIIHTeTHiIOCKIIM npOAYKTaM XoJIMca
B ATOM CJIyLIae TedHo CBH3aH, KaK TO BHAHO H3 Ta6JI. 1 H 2, C OTHOIHeHHeM A + S
B o6pa3I],e. Hn)KIIHH IIpHMaH COeAHHHeT TOiIKH Co CpeAHHM oTHOIHeHHeM, paB-
HbIM 2,97, a BTOpaH - TO'IKH CO Cpe77,HHM OTHOIIIeHHeM 2,86 II TpeTbH - TOLIKH
C OTHOIIIeHHeM 2,76.
HpOBeAeHHbie IIpfMble BbIHBJIHIOT He TOJIbKO IIpHMO IIpoIIOpI1HOHaJIbHyIO
3aBHCHMOCTb IIapaMeTpa pemeTKH OT co7{epH aHHH HO6aJIbTa, HHKeJIH H ?Ke-
JIe3a B COeAHHeHIIH, OTJIH*IHYIO OT TaKOBOYI qJIH CKyTTepyAHTa (KpyTan IIpH-
As -}- S
Man), HO II 3aBHC1IMOCTb IIapaMeTpa pemeTKH OT OTHOIIIeHHH Me
HecIoJlbBo OCO6HHKOM OT BCOX CTOHT TOqKa 7 7[JIH IIplp0gHbIX o6pa34oB
Ii TO41 113 H 14 pin HCKyCCTBOHHbIX. HpliIHHOH OTKJIOHOHHH TogHII 7 OT HaII-
7(eHHOH 3aKOHOMepHOCTII MOB CT 6bITb HeJ(OCTaTOLIHaH Hal C?KHOCTb J aHHbIX OT-
HOCIITeJIbHO COOTBOTCTBHH XIIMHTIeCKOPO aHaJIH3a IIapaMeTpy peHIeTKH 3TOP0
o6pa3ga, o LIeM rOBOpHJIOCb BbIIIIe. HpHiIHHbI OTKJIOHeHHH TOLIeK 13 II 14 He-
AOCTaTOLIHO HCHbI.
Tei He Menee, 3TH IICKJIIOileHHH He MOPYT IIOHoJIe6aTb OCHOBHbIX BbIBOAOB,
TaK Kali HX BCerO TpH, a o61gee KOJIHLIeCTBO o6pa3I;OB J;OCTHraeT 29.
TaxiIM 06pa3OM, HaMeilaeTCH CJIe7[yloll aH IIOCJIeAOBaTeJIbHOCTb B H3MeHe-
Hun HapaMeTpa pefIOTKH MHHCpaJIOB rpyIIIIbl CKYTTepy7;HTa OT HX COCTaBa.
HepBOHatIaJlbHO IIpH yBeJIHileHHH Cogep?KaHHH HHKeJIH H ?Keiie3a B K06aJIb-
TOBOM apceHHle 0 IIapaMeTpoM, 6JIH3KOM K 8,19 kX H, cJIeAOBaTeJIbHO, cooTBeT-
CTByI0IIJe11I CIiyTTepy7 iITy, pe3Koro II3MexeHHH IIapaMeTpa B 3aBIICHMOCTH
OT COCTaBa He IIpOHCXOAHT. 3T0 HMCCT NIOCTO IIpHMepHO AO Tex IIOp, IIOKa CyM-
MapHOe KOJIHTIeCTBO IIPIIMCCOII HHKOJIH 73 Hfe1Ie3a He COCTaBHT 30% OT o6H;era
6 Tpyi,ii Mnoepaiiorim. Myaea, BB[1. 10
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
cyMAibl aTOMOB McTaJIJIOB B CoeAHHeHHH. IIpH J.(aJlbxeIiIIIeM yBeJIHileHIIH HO-
JIHLIeCTBa HHKeJIH H meJIe3a IIapaMeTp HatrHHaeT H3MeHHTbCH 3HaMITeJIbHO
cI JIblee.
IIeperH6 Ha rpa#He COCTaB - IIapaMeTp pemeTKH, IIO-BHAHMOMy, CO-
OTBeTCTBYeT 11epeXOgy OT He3oHaJIbHbIX MHHepaJIOB H 3oHaJIbHbIM, OT co6CTBeH-
HO CKYTTePYJ;11Ta K coegHHeHHHM, H3BOCTHEIM HOJ( Ha3BaHHeM mMaJIbTHHa
H XJIoaHTHTa. 3TOT IIeperH6 IIOKa3bIBaeT, tITO MaKCHMa1IbHo AOIIyCTHAioe co-
gepxcaHHe IIpHMeCeI3 HIIKeJIH H ?KeJIe3a B CKYTTePYJ{11Te COCTaBJIHeT 30% OT
o6Hgero KOJIIPIeCTBa aTOMOB McTaJIJIOB II 3aBHCHT OT OTIIOmeHnHA Me B Annie-
pane.
113 Toro me rpa( HKa BHqHO, tITO Me1KJ{y KpaI3HHMH KO6a7IbTOBbIMH I3 HH-
KeJIOBbIMII IIpeACTaBHTeJIHMH, KOTOpLIM COOTBeTCTBYIOT TOiIKH, yKJIaAbIBaIO-
muecn Ha no iorHX npnMbix, IIpHHgHIIHaJIbHOI3 pa3H11IW HeT, H OHH, 110 Cyu e-
CTBY, HBJIHIOTCH COeAHHeH11HM11 OAHorO TH11a.
ECJIH K TOMY me ytIeCTb CXOACTBO 3THX 06pa3J.OB, yCTaROBJIeHHOe Ha ge-
6aerpaMMaX H IIpH H3ytieH1111 B OTpa]KeHHOM CBOTe, TO CTaHOBHTCH OLIeBHAHEIM,
11TO IIPOTHBO11OCTaBJIeHHe mMaJIbTnHa, Kan cyn(eCTBeHHO Ho6aJIbTOBOro ap-
ceHHJ{a, XJIOaHTHTy, Kan CyIueCTBeHHO HHKeJIeBOMy apceHHJ{y, JIHmeHO OCHO-
BaHHIl.
CorJIaCHO XOJIMCy (1947), MancnMaJibnaa BeJiHLIHHa IIapaMeTpa pemeTnH
MHHepaJioB rpy11IIbi CHYTTepyJHTa pasha 8,31 kX.
I43 rpa4)Hna BHAHO, tITO H11KeJIeBO-?KeJIe3HCThIH apceHHR c IIapaMeTpoAI
8,31 kX MOHfeT co ep?naTb He 60Jiee 20% IIpHMeCH no6aJIbTa IIpH OTHOmeHHH
B HeM Ase S, 6JI113KOM n 2,9. B TO Me BpeMH 113 pa6oT B ayMxayapa (Baum-
hauer, 1886) H (DOJIbxapATa (Vollhardt, 1888) H3BeCTHO, "ITO 6oraTble HHKe-
JIeM apceHHJ[M, coAepman;He onoJio 20% HpnMecH n06aJIbTa OT o6 i eH CyMMbI
aTOMOB McTaJIJIOB, He30HaJIbHbI.
Bce 3TO II03BOJIHeT C'IHTaTb, tITO MHHepaJI C 11apaMeTpOM pemeTn11 8,31 kX
HBJIHeTCH npa$H11M HHKeJIeBbIM 'IJIeHOM rpyn11bI CnyTTepyAHTa. IIO-BHJ[HMOMy,
OH BXOAHT B KaqeCTBO OAHO11 113 COCTaBHUIX 'IaCTe1 B 3OHaJIbHO-1130MOp()Hble
arperaTbl IIpOMeHiyTO'IHOFO McSKJ[y HHM H CKYTTOPYJ{11TOM COCTaBa, o6pa3yn
3aKOHOMepHble cpaCTaHui C IIOCJIeAHIIM.
C HaJI11iI11eM ABYX yKa3aHHbIX KOMIIOHeHTOB B MHHepaJie, Ha3bIB3BmeMCH
Bblme mMaJIbTHH-XJIoaHTHTOM, CBH3aHO CBOeO6pa3H0e HOBeAeHHe 3THX MHHe-
paJiOB Hp11 Ae1CTB11H Ha HHx pa3JI11iIHMIX paCTBOpHTeJ[ I4 H HpH HX OnHcJIe-
H1111, o 'IeM 6OJiee IIOgpO6HO rOBOPHJIOCb BbIme. B 3TOM cJiy'Iae, KaK H3BeCT-
Ho, HHneJIeBIIi KoMHOHeHT, HBJIHHCB McHee yCTOI1LI11B1IM, Jleriie IIepexOJIHT
B paCTBOp HJIH pa3pymaeTCH, TorJ[a nan K06aJIbTOBbII3 KOMIIOHeHT (CnyTTe-
pyAHT) Coxpa1HeTCH B OCTaTKe.
YtInThIBan cna3aHHoe, CJIeJ;yeT, O'IeBHJ{HO, IIpHHHTb 11HyIO HOMeHnJIaTypy
M11HepaJIOB rpyunLi CKyTTepyJ;HTa. B Hei3 iieiiecoo6pa3HO BblgeJIHTb CJieJ;yio-
IIj11e M11HepaJIbHhIe BHJ(bI:
a) C n y T T e p y J; 11 T - KO6aJIbTOBhIfi He30HaJibHbII apceHHg, B COCTa-
Be KOTOporo MomeT HaxOJ{11TbCH go 30% npHMeceI3 HHKeJIH H)neiie3a OT o6iue-
ro KoJIHxiecTBa aTOMOB McTaJiJIOB;
6) X JI 0 a H T 11 T - HIIneJIeBMf He3OHaJIbHbII3 apceHHJS, KOTOpLII3 AIO?H T
cogepxcaTb go 20% HpHMecen aTOMOB n06aJIbTa ;
B) m m a JI b T H H - 3OHaJIbHO-H3OMOP4)Hag CMeCb CKYTTePYA11Ta n XJIO-
aHTHTa, co ep naiuaH He McHee 30 11 He 60Jiee 80% HHKeJIH 11 meJIe3a OT
CyMMbI aTOMOB McTaJIJIOB B coeJ[HHeHIIH.
1-ITO nacaeTCH TepMuHa ((HHKeJIeBMft CKyTTepyJI,HTN, 3am11H;aeMoro XoJIM-
COM, TO ero CJiegyeT, O'IeBHAHO, OT6pOCIITb, an naK 11OA HHM J;O CIIx HOP B
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
0 aacucumocmu napa.iternpa peueemnu. tunepanoe zpynnva csymmepy0uma oin xu.n.cucmaca 67
60JIbMI1IICTBe pa6oT IIOHIIMaeTCH coegl4HeHHe, 6JI113HOe H 1IOpnlyJIe McAs3,
c npeo6JIaAaHiieM HIIKeJIH Hag aTOMaMH gpyrlIx McTaJiJIOB. OAIIaKO, Ho npeA-
JIO}KeHHO13 HOMeHKJIaType, 3TH MIHepaJlbl 6YAYT OTHOCHTbCH IIJIII K iintaJIb-
THHy, eciiH OHI3 6yAyT coAep3KaTb 6oJIbme 20% aTOMOB Ko6aJIbTa II 63AyT 30-
HaJIbHbIMH, HJIII H XJIoaHTHTy, eCJIH B IIX COCTaBe 6yAeT McHble Ko6aJIbTa 1I 30-
HaJIbHOCTb 6yAeT OTCyTCTBOBaTb.
Bo MHorHx 11HHepaJlax rpyrin CKyTTepyAIITa 06bITLHO Ha6IIoAaeTCH HO-
XBaTKa MbIIIIbfHa go ()OpMyJIbI McAS3, XOTH B HeKOTOpbIX CJIyTIaHX MLIHepajlbl
OTieHb 6JIII3K11 K He13.,,JIH BbIHCHOHIIH XapaKTepa Ae(JIHI[HTa MbIInbJKa IIHTepee-
HO YCTaHOB11Tb 3alOHOMepHOCTH 113MeI3eHnI yJeJlbHorO BeCa M1iHepa.TIOB 3TOI7
rpy1IIbI OT IIX COCTaBa.
C 3TOI3 I1OJIbIO H3 O6HIHpHOII CBOAK11 XIIMIPIeCKIIx allaJI1130B BbICIIIHX
apceHIIAOB Ko6aJIbTa, HHKeJIH II }KeJIe3a, Hp11BOAHIIIOI3 XoJIMcobt (1947), 6b1JI11
Bb16paHbl Bce Te axaJIH3M MIIHepaJIOB rpynnbl CKyTTepyAHTa, KOTOpble CO-
HpOBo1fAaJIHCb H3MepeHlleM yAeJIbHorO Beca HcxoAHOrO MaTeplaJIa. B xpo-
IIOJIOrHLIecKOM nop5AKe OHII CBeAeHbl B Ta6JI. 5.
143 3T011 Ta6JI111jbI BHgHO, TITO Bcero H3BeCTHo 25 onpeAeJleH11LI yAeJIbHOr0
Beca o6pa31joB, AJIH HOTOpbIx HpIlBeAenbI AaHHble o6 HX XHMIITIeCKOM cocTaBe.
OAHaHO HOKOTOphIe H3 3TIIX 25 onpeAeJIeHHI3 AOJISKHbl 6bITb 11CKJIIOTIeHbI 113
AaJIbHeI3nIero paCCMOTpeHIIH HaK OTHOCHIIjHBCH K CHJIbHO 3arpH3HeHHOMy Ma-
TeplIaJIy. K HX Tn3CJIy npnxaAJie uaT anaJIH3bI, nOMenjeHHble B Ta6JI. 4 IIOA
IIOpJAKOBbIMH HOMepaMH: 5 - BCJIeACTB11e IIpHMeCII BHCMyTa II McAH; 7- 1,13-3a
upIIMecH McAH; 8 H 10 - 113-3a IIpHMeCII J 1IHKa; 12 11 14 - 113-3a HepaCTBO-
p1IMOrO OCTaTKa; 16 - H3-3a IIpIIMOCII cepe6pa; 17 - 113-3a IIpHMeCII BIICMy-
Ta, T. e. Bcero 8 o1TpeAeJIeHrI3.
PHA OnpeAeJleHHyI yAeJIbHorO BeCa 6bIJI IIpoBeAeH, KaK yxa3bIBaJIOCb, Ha
Hamnx o6pa3ljax. 9TH AaHHble npHBeAeIIbl B Ta6JI. 2. TaKHM O6pa3011M, B HafCM
pacnopc}KeHHH 6bIJIO Bcero 24 onpejeJIeHHH yAeJlbnoro Beca AOCTaTOTIHO TIIIC-
TbIX o6pa3I oB apCeHHAOB rpynnbi CKyTTepyAHTa, AJIH KOTOpbIX IiMOJIHCb
TaH?H COOTBeTCTByIOIIj1e XHMIITieCKIIe aHaJIH3bl.
,JIH Bb&HCHeHIIH IIPIITIIIH; Bb13bIBaiouAHX H3MeHeHHe yAeJIbHorO Beca, BCO
HMeIOIIj}eCH AaHHble 6bIJIH o6'beAHHeHN B rpyinim C 6JI113HIlM OTHOIneHHeM AS+S.
Ale
B 3TOM BHAe OHII llpeJcTaBJIeHbI B Ta6JI. 6, rAe rpynnbi pacnojlomenbl Tau,
TITO OTHOIneHIIe A Me S yBeJIiTIIIBaeTCH CBepXy BHH3, a OTAeJIbHble o6pa3Abl B
rpynnax np11BeAenbl B IIOpHAKe 1OCTeIIOHHO yBeJiHTlnBaloMerocH yJeJlbuoro
BeCa. B 3TO13 Ta6JIHIje npHBOAOHbI Taiu a COOTBeTCTByIOJI[He OTHOIIIeHIIH CO :
: Ni : Fe jig KaxcJoro 113 06pa31jOB 11 IlapaMeTpbl peIIIeTKH AJIH Tex 113 HLIX,
AJIH HOTOpLIX OH11 6bIJIII II3MepeHbl.
113 Ta6JIIIIjbI 6 BHAHO, TITO y MIIHepaJIOB C OAHHM H TOM me OTHOInelieM
As+S `
_
'die yAeJIbHbII3 Bee MOM CT 3aMOTHO II3MOHlImcH.Tau, AJIH o6pa3IjoB c As +5
Me
= 2,5 y)eJIbHhII3 Bec McHHeTCH c 5,73 go 6,94, AJIH 06pa3IjOB C AMe S=2,6
OH MOHHOTCH c 6,54 go 6,84. 3TO IIJIJIIOCTpHpyeTCH H ApyrnMH npnMepaMn.
BMeCTe C TOM H3 Ta6JIII1jLI OTTIOTJIIiBO BHAHO, TITO yseJIHwi-me yAeJIbHOI'o
BeCa MIIHOpaJIOB IIpO11CXOA11T IIpOHOpIjuOHaJIbHO yBeJIHTIeHHIO pOJIH KO6aJIbTa
B o6pa3Ijax. IIpaBAa, 113 3TOI3 3aKOHOMepHOCTH eCTb HeKOTOpble IICKJIIOTIeHL1H,
HO B IjeJIOM yHa3aHHaH 3aROHOMepHOCTb BbIAepu nBaeTCH AOCTaTOTIHO XOpOIIIO.
IHOAMeTIeHHan 3aKOHOMepHOCTb BIIOJIHe HOHHTHa, Ta11 KaK no Mepe yBeJili-
T10H11H pOJI11 Ko6aJIbTa B COCTaBe MHHepaJIOB IIpO11CXOAHT y\IeHbineHne Hapa-
n[eTpa HX peIHOTK11. B TO me BpOMH I13BOCTHO, TITO yAOJIb11hIFl BOC MIIHepa:Io!i
Ky611TIeCKOI3 CHHroH111 o6paTHO np01IOp11IOHaJIeH Ky6y napa:l1eTpa lIx pelneT-
u11. Ci a3aHH0e HJIJIIOCTpHpyeTCH TaJ 1IO 11 npIIBOAIIMbIM1I B 3TOiI Ta6JInlje
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Co epic aHHe B BeC. %
=
II
C
A s+ S
Yjx.
IHe BoMHOaeHTEJ B Bec.%
po
yMMa
B
EC
Co
Ni
Fe
As
S
'1
20,31
-
3,43
74,22
0,89
Cu - 0,16
99,01
2,50
6,449
2
20,01
-
1,51
77,84
0,69
Cu - caeAu
100,05
2,89
6,78
.3
-
18,71
6,82
71,11
2,29
-
98,93
2,32
6,411
4
3,32
12,04
6,52
75,85
-
Cu - 0,94
98,67
2,58
6,537
5
11,72
1,81
5,26
74,52
1,81
Bi - 3,60; Cu - 1,00
99,72
3,02
6,807
66
10,11
8,52
5,05
69,70
4,71
Sb - caegm; Bi - 0,97; Cu-0,94
100,00
2,55
6,272
7
8,28
8,50
4,45
74,84
1,70
Cu - 3,24
101,01
2,53
7,1
8
8,09
12,25
4,70
72,91
0, 14
Zn - 2,42
100,51
2,17
6,765
9
1,60
18,96
2,30
76,38
0,11
Sb - 0,31; Bi - 0,34
100,00
2,53
5,734
10
7,31
4,37
7,84
76,55
0,75
Sb - 0,32; Zn - 4,11; Cu - 0,22
101,47
2,59
6,498
11
12,46
3,01
5,16
75,09
1,30
Bi - 0,78; Cu - 1,58;IBapu - 0,42
99,80
2,75
6,30
12
8,42
2,18
3,08
45,30
1,10
Bi - caeAbi; Cu-0,72; HepacTB.
99,80
2,59
6,35
ocTaTOr - 39,00
13
3,42
11,90
7,50
75,40
0,73
Cu - 0,39
99,34
2,57
6,54
14
15,88
0,90
6,42
62,85
1,20
Bi - 1,44; Cu - 0,01; nepacTB. oc-
99,32
2,19
6,11
TaTOR - 10,62
15
3,.69
12,01
5,07
77,94
-
-
98,71
2,95
6,32
16
19
,52
0,44
74,04
0,13
Pb-0,03; Ag-4,78; Cu-0,04;
99,12
2,91
6,644
CaO - 0,09; MgO - 0,05
17
13,70
-
3,71
61,59
0,05
Bi - 20,17; Sb - 0,16; Cu - 0,69
100,07
2,69
6,92
18
20,57
1,31
2,35
74,72
1,25
-
100,20
2,51
6,79
19
16,03
0,89
6,89
74,51
1,38
Sb - 0,40
100,10
2,48
6,94
20
17,60
0,44
5,22
75,02
1,51
Sb - 0,56
100,35
2,64
6,84
21
17,66
0,66
3,56
75,70
0,66
Bi - 0,06; nepacTB. ocTaTOr - 1,64
99,94
2,75
6,58
22
20,50
0,20
0,95
75,15
1,18
CU-0,10; C02-0,16; BepacTB.
99,46
2,81
6,519
1
ocTaTox - 1,22
23
7,78
12,94
1,04
76,78
1,67
nepacTB. ocTaTO} - 0,44
100,65
2,90
6,551
24
19,91
0,55
2,80
74,67
0,84
aepacTB. ocTaTOK - 0,40
99,17
2,57
6,639
25
18,59
Cae-
2,29
77,64
0,82
-
99,34
2,98
6,696
ALI
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
0 aaeucu.uocmu napaMempa peutemxu Mullepanoe epynnbt cKymmepyc3uma om xum.cocmaea 69
84,9
92,6
0
14,9
61,4
12,1
6,9
36,6
59,6
14,7
67,4
0
0
78,7
54,2
9,5
35,7
82,6
22,0
14,4
51,3
3,8
15,1
7,4
21,3
30,9
29,1
22,2
10,5
41,4
26,0
34,0
28,8
17,5157,1125,4
Co H Ni He
pa3AealeHLI
78,6
84,4
66,2
74,7
80,0
0
5,4
3,8
1,9
3,0
21,4
10,2
30,0
23,4
17,0
35,6
85,0
59,4
2,4
5,0
12,6
IIITpoMeuep
IIIepep
PaMMeabc6epr
EyTIa
MapnaH
HeTepceH
PaMMenbc6epr
PaMMeJbc6epr
Max Heii
Max Heii
Max Ken
(DOZbxapAT
Fnnne6paHA
cDpengenb
Yoxep
TouA
ToAA
ToAA
FpexeM
Opcenb H H ypaB-
CHHH
Opcenb H 1{ypaB-
cxHH
Pnxenae opc , FecCCH (Stromeyer, 1817)
CxyTTepyA, HopBernn (Scheerer, 1837)
AnaeMOET, (Dpangxu (Rammelsberg, 1849)
Ilnee6epr, CaxcoHHg (Rose, 1852)
HoaxHMCTaJm, LIexocnaaamHi (Vogl, 1868)
BHTTHXeH, BaAeH (Petersen, 1856) (pe3y.-lbTaTia
anann3a AaHLi nocne HenpaBneHne na co;lep;I;anHe
5,75% xcn.nbnoro MaTepHaiia)
EH6ep, Feccen (Sandberger, 1873) (pe3ynbTaTbI
anajH3a AaHLI noCTte HcnpaBHeHHa Ha coAepxraHHe
3% Bi)
AHHHBaiipe Taub, IIIBengapnx (Rammelsberg,
1873)
AHHa6epr, CarwoHna (Rammelsberg, 1873)
Yccerimo, I4TaJHH (Rammelsberg, 1873)
IIIHee6epr, Caxconnn (McCay, 1883) (gHCJpij ana-
nHaa nonyeeHbr HaH cpeAHee H3 AByx onpeAenenHH)
fnee6epr, CaxcoHHn (Holmes, 1947)
IIIHee6epr, Caxconnx (McCay, 1883)
IHHee6epr, Caxconnn (Holmes, 1947)
Mapxnpx, 9JI163ac (Vollhardt, 1888)
FpaHT, Hbio Mexcnxo (Hillebrand, 1888-1890)
(yA. Bee Hcnpaawien c y=IeTOM 4,80% npmmecn KBap-
ga, He yna3aHxof B peay.TlbTaTax x1Mnvecxoro ana-
IIIr3a)
IIIHee6epr, Cax(,onnn (Frenzel, 1896)
Ho6aJIbT, OnTapno
Ko6aamT, OHTapno
Ko6anbT, OnTapHo
IOxcHLIH JIoppaiH,
1924)
IOHinbIH
(Walker, 1921)
(Walker a. Parsons,
(Walker a. Parsons,
OnTapno (Bell a.
1924)
1924)
Tohmson,
JloppaHH, OnTapno (Walker, 1925)
Opannxga, BeHrpnn (Holmes, 1947)
Ey-Aaaep, Mapoxxo (Orcel et Jouravsky, 1935)
TOT Me, 'TO H npeALIAyunii, 110 noc.ie o6pa6orxH
HNO3 (Orcel et Jouravsky, 1935)
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
110311"11111a Am IIapaMeTpOB. OJ(Haio OTIeHb CTporOH 3aHOHOMepHOCTII HeT, HO-
BII/[HMOMy, 113-3a HeJ[OCTaTOtIIIOH OAHOpOZ(HOCTH IICXOJ;HOro MaTepllaJla.
BoJIbIHOH HHTepee Hpe/(CTaBJIHeT Ta}xce COHOCTaBJIeHHe 06pa3II;0B C OAH-
HaHOBbIMII yAeJIbHbIMH BecaMH, HpIIBeAeHHoe B Ta6JI. 7. OTJ(eJlbHble rpyHHbI
pacHOJIO?IiOHbl B Ta6JIHge no Mepe yBeJln'IeHHFI yReJIbHOrO Beca CBepxy 1111113.
06pa3ALI B H w,71OII rpyiHe paCHOJI01HeHbI HO yBeJIH1qHBaIOHI;eMyc5l oTHOIHe-
HHIO As + S . B Ta6JIrn a HplBeAeHbl oTHomeHHSI Co : Ni : Fe Aim Haxcgoro
113 o6pa3u0B, a Tau? a H3Mepexxble HJIH BbItIHCJIeHHble no rpa(HHy BeJIH-
'IHHbI HapaMeTpOB peIIIeTHH. BbI'IHCJIeHHLIe BeJIH1IHHLI HOMeI1 HLI B cRo6HH.
Ta6jiut a 6
As+S
3aunCHMoc b yj(e]IbHOrO Beca OT BefH9HHbI OTHOHIeHHA Me
Co : Ni : Fe
Homep aeanx3a no
N?NQ
As +
yAeacb-
HapaMeTp
emeTi,B
p
Ta6n. 2 B 5 (NV Ta6-
Fa3aH
na
bt
n/n
Me
shill Bec
I
Co
Ni
(Fe
B kX
Y
u
B aeaMes aTeas
Tene)
1
2,3
6,41
0
78,7
21,3
-
3/5
2
2,5
5,73
6,9
82,6
10,5
-
9/5
3
2,5
6,45
84,9
0
15,1
-
1/5
4
2,5
6,79
84,4
5,4
10,2
-
18/5
5
2,5
6,94
66,2
3,8
30,0
-
19/5
6
2,6
6,54
14,9
54,2
30,9
-
4/5
7
2,6
6,54
14,7
51,3
34,0
-
13/5
8
2,6
6,64
85,0
2,4
12,6
-
24/5
9
2,6
6,84
74,7
1,9
23,4
-
20/5
10
2,75
6,30
59,6
14,4
26,0
-
11/5
11
2,75
6,58
80,0
3,0
17,0
-
21/5
12
2,8
6,52
94,5
0,9
4,6
-
22/5
13
2,8
6,67
47,2
39,4
13,4
8,228
16/2
14
2,8
6,70
60,4
31,6
8,0
8,207
15/2
15
2,9
6,55
35,6
59,4
5,0
-
23/5
16
2,9
6,78
92,6
0
7,4
-
2/5
17
2,95
6,32
17,5
57,1
25,4
-
15/5
18
2,95
6,52
31,4
62,1
6,5
8,286
261/2
19
2,95
6,54
26,6
67,1
6,3
8,294
29/2
20
2,95
6,55
49,6
42,5
7,9
8,244
19/2
21
3,0
6,54
1 50,2
38,2
11,6
8,236
17/2
22
3,0
6,70
88,5
0
11,5
-
25/5
23
3,1
6,53
42,8
52,1
5,0
8,265
23/2
113 Ta6JIHI);bI 7 BHJl;HO, "ITO 06pa3I1;bI C OJI,HHaHOBbIM YAeJIbHMIM BeCOM MoryT
+ S
11MeTb pa3JIIlhIHble BOJIWIHHLI OTHOHIeHHB As Me . 3TO oco6eHHO HarJIHJ[Ho
BbJRBJIJIeTCH Ha HpI1Mepe Hail60Jiee MHOrO'I11CJIeHHOI3 rpyHHbI, 06'be/(HHAIOH)eII
MHHepamlbl C yAeJlbHblllt BeCOM 6,53-6,55. OTHOIHeHHs A M e S H3MeHIIIOTCH
B HIIx c 2,6 Ao 3,06.
143 3TOH }Ile Ta6JIHI[bI CJIeAyeT, 'ITO HO Mepe yBeJIwIeHHH OTHOHIeHHII As + S
Me e
yBeJIIItlIlBaeTCA TaHSHe H OTHOCHTeJIbHaR pOJIb HO6aJIbTa B 3THX CoeAHHeHHHX.
BMCCTO C TeM HapaMeTp IIX pemeTHH 110-ITH He H3MeHJIeTC$I.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
0 aaeucuJ ocmu napa.uempa pewemsu .4tuuepareoe apynnbt esymmepyauma om xum. cocmaea 71
YAeJIbHMII3 BeC B MHHepaiiax c pa3JIHiIHbIM OTHOIIIeHHeM A M+e S H 6JI113HHMH
IIapaMeTpaMH peineTKH MOHfeT OCTaBaTbCH IIOCTO5IHHLIM TOJIbRO B TOM c.iyqae,
ecini 6yAeT COXpaHSITbCH IIO*1TH IIOCTOHHHbIM HX MOJIeKyJIHpHIIA Bee.
HpII HeAOCTaTKe MbIHIbHKa go (/lOpMyJIbI McAS3 HJIH CTpyiTypHOH cJopMy-
JIbI Me4(As4)3 = Me4As12 MO RHO AOIIYCTHTb pa3JIHilHbie BapHaHTbI.
Tai, Hej(OCTaTOK MbIIIIbHKa MOMOT 6bITb CBH3aH c ero KBbIIIjeJIaLIHBaHH-
eMN. B 3TOM cJly'Iae ( opMyJIa AOJI9KHa HMeTb BHA Me4AS12-x? I4MeHHO TaROH BHA
IIpnAaeT (2OpMyJle MHHepaJIOB rpyrnmi CKyTTepyAHTa 60JIbIIIHHCTBo aBTOpOB.
143 yKa3aHHOH f OpMyJIbI CJIe/yeT, TO no Mepe yBeJIH4eHHH Ae(IHI[HTa MMIHbH-
ia x 6yAeT yBeJIHLIHBaTbCH, a MoJIeiyJIHpHili3 BeC yMeHbmaTbCH. 3TO IIpOTH-
BOpei111T yCTaHOBJIeHHOI3 BbIIIIe 3aROHOMepHOCTH coxpaxeHHH IIOCTOHHHOrO
yAeJIbHoro Beca, H, TaIHM 06pa3OM, (lopMyJla Me4As12_x AJis 3TOH rpyIIIIbi MH-
Hepa.ioB HeBepHa.
Ta6.autta 7
I13MeHeHHe BeaHglHbI 0---- A Mes a o6paagax c panlmIM
yJ>;eJIbHbIM BeCOM
HOMep anajIH3a no
HapaMeTp pemeTHH,
Ta6a. 2 H 5 (HOMep
YA.
H3MepeHHbtlt HJIH paccq-
Ta6aHUb< yoaaaH
Bee
TaHHbI1 (B cooOHax)
B 3HaMexaTeae)
B kX
4/5
6,54
2,6
14,9
54,2
30,9
(8,26)
23/5
6,55
2,9
35,6
59,4
5,0
(8,27)
19/2
6,55
2,93
49,6
42,5
7,9
8,244
17/2
6,54
3,02
50,2
38,2
11,6
8,236
23/2
6,53
3,06
42,8
52,1
5,0
8,259
15/2
6,70
2,8
60,4
31,6
8,0
8,207
25/5
6,70
2,98
88,5
0
11,5
(8,20)
18/5
6,79
2,5
84,4
5,4
10,2
(8,19)
2/5
6,78
2,89
92,6
0
7,4
(8,19)
,e()HI[HT Mummiia MOSKOT 6bITb BMI3BaH H36bITKOM aTOMOB McTaji is no
( opMy T1e Me4+x As12. IIpH yBeJiHtieHHH X B 3TOM CJIyiIae AOJIHCHO IIpOHCXOAHTb
yBeirLIeHHe MOJieiyJlrpHOPO H, cJIeAOBaTeJlbHo, yAeJIbxoro Beca 06pa3I(a, LITO
Tai?Ke IIpOTHBOpe'HT AeuCTBHTeJIbHOCTH. TaRHM o6pa3oM, H 3Ta ()opmyiia
OKa3bIBaCTCH HeBepHOH.
HeAocTaTOK MbIIIIbIKa MOSKeT 6bITb o&1,$CHeH 3aMeHoi3 'ACTH aTOMOB
MbIIIIMIKa 3RBHBaJIeHTHbIM LIHCJIOM aTOMOB McTaJIJIa no ()OpMYJie Me4+xAS12-x?
Ho H B 3TOM CJIyTIae C POCTOM x 6y1eT IIPOHCXOAHTb yMeHbmeHHe yAeJIb-
HorO Beca, TaK iaK ATOM Me B IIOJITOpa pa3a Jierile aToMa As.
IIpH coxpaxeHIIH IIOCTOHHHbIM MOJIeiyJIHpHOrO Beca Ae(HgHT MbIIUbHKa
MOiF.I10 06'bHCH14Tb TOJIbKO 3aMeHOH aTOMOB As B IIOJITOpa pa3a 60J1bIHHM
'IHCJIOM aTOMOB McTaTIJia. B 3TOM CJIygae c2opMyJia AOJIDKHa HMeTb BHA
Me4+1,sx As12_x. 3TOT BapnaHT xopomo o6'bsCHHeT HaiiZjexxyi0 BbIIHe 3aK0-
HoMepxoCTb II, OIeBHAHO, AOJI?KeH 6b1Tb IIpHHHT B HaCTOHHjee BpeMH.
I'IiTepeciIO, 'TO ecJIH X B ()opMyJle Me4+1,5x AS12_x paseH 0, TO HOJiy-
giaeTCH ( )opMyJla Me4As12= 4MeAs3i ecJIH )Ice x = 1, (opMyJia 6yAeT HMeTb
BHA: Me4+1,5 AS12-1 = Me5,5 As11= 5,5MeAs2.
B 3aRJIIOLIeHHe Heo6xoAHMO OCTaHOBHTbCH Ha xapaKTepe BeJIHLIHHbI x.
Hai vice OTMetIaJloCL, B MHHepaIiax OAHOr0 H Toro )ice yAeJ)bxoro Beca, HO
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
As+S
C pa3HbIM OTHOHIeHHOM Me , T. e. C pa3HMM x, y'MOHbIHOHHe x npOHexo-
AHT oAHOBpeMeHHO C yBeJIHileHHeM pOJIH Ko6aJIbTa B MHHepazie, HpiI 3TOM
pOJIb HHHOJIH 06JIRHO yMeHbmaeTCH, TorLa HaI KOJIHLIeCTBO SneJIe3a pe3lCo
He H3MeHHeTCH. TaHHM o6pa3oM X, HPH HpO1IHx paBHbIX YCJIOBHRX, 06paTHo
HpOHOPItHOHaJIeH co epmarHIO HHKeJIR B MHHepaJle. OTO, B03MOi1HO, CBH3a-
HO C TeM, LITO B COeAHHeHHH Me4 (AS4)3 ( opMarIbxan BaJIeHTHOCTb Me, cor-
7iacHo H. B. BeJIOBy (1955), paBHa 3. HMeHHO 3Ta BaJIeHTHOCTb, nO-BITAH-
MOMy, xapaFTepHa AJIH H06aRbTa. B TO me BpeMH AJIR HHneJIH 6o.iee xa-
paKTepHa BaJieHTHOCTb 2, LITO BOAeT HPH lODMMeHHH ero co ep:KaHHH K
yBe7rn ieHHio oTHOCHTeJIbHoI3 pOJIH McTaJuia B coeAHHeHHH, Tan KaK 2MeAs3+
+ Me -* 3MeAs2.
TaRHM o6pa3oM, Ae(HWWT MLIHIbnRa 3aBHCHT npesnAe neero OT yCJIOBuui,
B KOTOPbIX HPOICXOAIIJIO o6pa3oBaHHe apCeHHAOB, B qaCTHOCTH, OT KOJIHLIeCTBa
Hnne.IH, coj(epmaBmerocH B paCTBOpe. B HexOTOpbUX CJiytianx K06aJIbT TaRme
MO R T nepeXOAHTb B AByXBaJIeHTHOe COCTORHH0 H HPHBOAHTb K ge(HiiHTy
MMHIbnKa, HO HPH 3TOM AOJI?KHa 6bITb 60Jiee BOCCTaHOBHTeJIbHaR o6CTaHOBKa.
H3JIO5KeHHbie Blime 3a1OHOMepHOCTH yCTaHOBJIeHbl Ha nMeiolqeMCR B Ha-
CTORn;ee BpeMH (IaHTH'eCKOM MaTepHaJle. OHn IO3BOJIHIOT HeCKOJIb1O IIO-HO-
BOMy 1OAOHTH K OCBOI1I HHIO M1HepaJIOB CJIO?HHOH rpynnbl CKyTTepyAnTa. BMe-
CTe C TeM Heo6xOAHMII AOHOJIHnTeJlbHbie CBegeHHR KaH no nplpOAHNM, Tan H
HO HCKyCCTBOHHLIM COeAHHeHHRM, AJIR Toro 'ITO6LI OKOH'IaTeJIbHO BbiKCHIITb
xapanTep 3THX MHHepaJIOB.
R a g a JI o B C. T. n rI p H x n A b n 0 H. JI. XJIOaHTKT 113 noJInMeTa.IJInTiecI oro Me-
cT0p0HtAeHHSI Hypramnllnan (Ya6encnan CCP).- 3armcrm Bcec. Mnllep. o6-Ba, 'i. 85,
BI,III. 4, 1956.
B e a o B H. B. O*Iepnn no cTpynTypnoi3 MnnepaJiorin4. V. Mnnep. C60PHIIK 'IbBOBCR.
reon. o6-Ba, Ni 8, 1955.
1' O A 0 B n K O B A. A., H y A p x x o n a B. A. 0 nenOTOpaix OcO6eHnocTIIx npogecca
onncJleHHII mMaabTI4n-xJIoaHTKTa.- I43B. AH CCCP, cepwi reon., Ni 10, 1958.
$Ix0HT0Ba JI. H., 0CTp0Bcscasl H. B., BynHHa A. H. H Boupocy o pac-
TBOpHMOCTu mMaJIhTIHa B CepnOI3 RKCJIOTe.- Tpygm Mnuep. My3en KM. A. E. Dep-
cMaaa AH CCCP, Bain. 8, 1956.
B a u m h a e u r H. Ober die Struktur and die mikroskopische Beschaffenheit von Speis-
kobalt and Chloanthit.- Zs. Krist., Bd. 12, 1886.
B e 1 1 J. M. a. T h o m s o n E. The effect of deep seated alteration upon the mine-
ralogical and geological features of the Keeley Silver Mine.- Univ. Toronto Stu-
dies, Geol. ser., ,Ni 17, 1924.
B e u t e 1 1 A. u. L o r e n z F. Zerlegung des Speiskobalts and Lollingits durch Lufto-
xydation.- Cbl. Miner., Ni 12, 1915.
F r e n z e l A. Vorkonimnisse von Zschorlau.- Miner.-petr. Mitt. (Tscherm.), 1896.
H a r c o u r t C. A. Tables for the identification of ore minerals by X-ray powder
patterns.- Amer. Miner., v. 27, 1942.
H i 1 1 e b r a n d W. F. An argentiferous arsenide of nickel and cobalt - Colorado
Sci. Soc., v. 3, 1888-1890.
H o 1 m e s R. J. Higher mineral arsenides of cobalt, nickel and iron.- Geol. Soc.
Amer., Bull. 58, Ns 4, 1947.
J o u r a v s k y G. Sur la composition mineralogique des arseniures cubiques. - Bull.
Soc. Miner. France, t. 71, Ni 7-12, 1948.
M c C a y L. W. Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Kobalt-Nickel- and Eisenkiese (Ref.).-
Zs. Krist., Bd. 9, 1883.
0 f t e d a 1 J. Die Kristallstruktur von Skutterudit and Speiskobalt-Chloanthit.- Zs.
Krist., Bd. 66, H. 5/6, 1928.
0 r c e 1 J. et J o u r a v s k y G. Le mineral de cobalt de Bou-Azzer (Maroc), sa com-
position mineralogique et sa structure.- Congr. Intern. Miner., Met., Geol. appl.,
Sect. geol. appl., t. 1, 1935.
P e a c o c k M. A. a. B e r r y L. G. Rontgenoggraphic observations on ore mine-
rals.- Univ. Toronto Studies, Geol. ser., Ns 44, 1940.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
0 aaeucu.uocmu napa.uempa peuiemxu .uureepa.woe apynnbZ cxymmepyrOuma om xu.te. cocmaea 73
P e t e r s e n Th. Ober die Mineralien der barytischen Erzgange von Wittichen in
Baden.- Pogg. Ann., Bd. 134, 1868.
R a m d o h r P. - Die Erzmineralien and ihre Verwachsungen. Berlin, Akad. Verl.,
1955.
R a m m e 1 s b e r g C. F. Handworterbuch des chemischen Theils der Mineralogie,
Suppl. IV. Berlin., 1849.
R a m m e 1 s b e r g C. F. Untersuchung einiger natilrlichen Arsen- and Schwefelver-
bindungen.- Zs. Dtsch. Geol. Ges., Bd. 25, 1873.
R o s e G. Das Kristallo-Chemische Mineralsystem. Leipzig, 1852.
S a n d b e r g e r F. Ober Speiskobalt and Spatiopyrite von Bieber in Hessen.-Akad.
Munch. Sitzber, Math.-Phys. Klasse, Bd. 3, 1873.
S c h e e r e r Th. Ober zwei norwegische Kobalterze von den Skutteruder Gruben.-
Pogg. Ann., Bd. 42, 1837.
S h o r t M. N. A qualitative and quantitative determination of the ores of Cobalt,
Ontario.- Econ. Geol., v. 25, 1930.
S p e n c e H. S. The pitchblende and silver discoveries at Great Bear Lake, Northwest
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S t r o m e y e r F. Eine chemische Untersuchung des Kobaltglanzes von Skutterud in
Modum-Kirchspiel in Norwegen and eine Analyses des krystallisierten Speiskobalts
von Rigelsdorf in Hessen.- Gott. Geol. Anz., Bd. 2, 1817.
T h o m s o n E. A qualitative and quantitative determination of the ores of Cobalt,
Ontario.- Econ. Geol., v. 25, 1930.
V o g I J. F. Gangverhaltnisse and Mineralreichtum Joachimstbal, Teplitz, Bohemia.
1856 (no R. J. Holmes).
V o 1 I h a r d t G. Versuche fiber Speiskobalt (Ref.).- Zs. Krist., Bd. 14, 1888.
W a 1 k e r T. L. Skutterudite from Cobalt, Ontario.- Amer. Miner., v. 6, 1921.
W a 1 k e r T. L. Arsenides from the silver veins of South Lorrain, Ontario.- Univ.
Toronto Studies, Geol. ser., N 20, 1925.
W a 1 k e r T. L. Oxydation of arsenides of cobalt, nickel and iron.- Amer. Miner.,
v. 11, 1926.
W a l k e r T. L. a. P a r s o n s A. L. Skutterudite and loellingite from the La Rose
Mine, Cobalt, Ontario.- Univ. Toronto Studies, Geol. ser., .Ni 17, 1924.
W a 1 1 e r E. a. M o s e s A. J. A probably new nickel arsenide.- Columbia Univ.
School Mines, Quart. 14, 1892 (no R. J. Holmes).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
AKA)AEMHH HAYK CCCP
TPYJ[bI MHHEPAJIOrHqECROF0 MY3EfI
BMnyen 10
PeAaHTOp A-p reoJr.-MHH. Hayi T. H. Bapcaxoe
O HEKOTOPb1X OCOBEHHOCTHX I30MOP DH3MA
AI4APCEHH)JOB ROBAJIbTA, HHKEJIH H WEJIE3A
CpeAH AHapceHHAOB Ko6a7IbTa, HIIKeJi1 n meJIeaa B HacTOAIIRee BpeMSL pa3-
JIn ialOT 'IeTbIpe MHHepaiia: ca(1(JIOpHT, JIBJIJIHHrHT, paMMeJlbc6eprHT H na-
papaMMeJlbc6eprlT. llepBOHaiIaJlbHO IIpeAIIOJIaraim, WO MemAy KpaI3HHMH
ilJIeHaMH 3TOi rpynimi HMeeTCA IIOJIHa i 113OMOp4Ha$ CMeCHMOCTb, OAHaKo
n03AHee, IIpH H3yileHHH 6oJIbIIIoro KOJIHLIeCTBa auaJIH3OB AHapceHHJ{OB, 6MJIO
yCTaHOBJIeHO, TITO II30MOp4)Ha1 CMeCHMOCTb Me 1 Y HHMII Kpai3He orpaHHileHa
it AaHie HOCHT IIpepbIBIICTMA xapaiTep. Hai6owree IIOJIHO 3TOT BOIIPOC 6I,IJI
paccMOTpeH XOJIMCOM (Holmes, 1947), a 3aTOM B. H. MIIxeeBMM (1952).
XOJIMC HPOBOA11JI IICCJIeAoBaHIIe pe3YJIbTaTOB IIpeHMyn;eCTBeHHO y3Ke ony-
6JIHKOBaHHbIX XHMH'iecKnx aHaJIII30B H He MOP O6'b$CH11Tb Ha6JIIOAaIOH;Hxct
CJiygaeB pa3pblBa B II3OMOp(I)HLIX pgAax. TaK, 11 113 ero pa60TLI cJiegyeT, 'ITO
Fe H Co MOryT J;OBOJILHO IIIHpOKO 3aMeinaTb Apyr gpyra B pfAy JIeJIJiIIHrHT -
ca44JIOpIIT. B TO Hie BpeMA IIX KoJIIITIeCTBO B HIIKOJIeBhIX J[IIapceHHgax - paM-
McJibc6epr11Te H HapapaMMeJlbc6epriTe - KpaiHe orpaHIIileHO, IIpIMeeb me HII-
KeJIA B MiHepaiiax pAAa JIeJIJIIIHriT - ca((JIOpHT 06hI'IHO otIeHb HII3Ka.
11pIPH4HbI 3TOro ABJIeHHA IIM He paccMaTp11BaIOTCA.
B. H. MIIxeeB, pacnoJlaraa pAJ OM xIIMIPIecKIIX allaJIH30B JIeJIJIIIHr11Ta
n ca((JIOpHTa, B HOTOphIX HpHCyTCTBOBaJIM B HepeMeHHblx KOJIIIgeCTBax KO-
6aJIbT, HIIKeJIb H ?KeJIe3o, II COOTBeTCTByIOMHMII 3THM 06pa34aM BeJI11g11HaM11
HapaMe'rpOB pemeTKII, yCTaHOBHJI, TO IIapaMeTp Co 3aHOHOMepHO yBeJIHgH-
Ni B MIHepaJle. KpoMe Toro, OH
BaeTCA HO Mepe IIOBbiIIIeHIIA OTHOmeHHA Co Fe
nOKa3aJI, 'TO no Mepe yBeJIIIgeHIIA HapaMeTpa co pemeTKa MHHepaJIOB 3TOIl
rpyrinbl npll6Jr maeTCA K peIIIeTKe paMMeJlbc6eprHTa 11 K TeTparoxaiiI1311po-
BaIIHOI pemeTKe napapaMMeJlbc6eprHTa.
OAHaiO B pacnopA}KeHHH B. 14. MnxeeBa HMeJIHCb npeHMyIqeCTBeHHO me-
JIe3ncTble tIJIeHbI p i a JIeJIJIHHrIIT - ca(JCJJIOpIIT. 1109TOMy 0006bIII IIHTepec
npeACTaBJIAJIO H3ygeHHe 6oraTblx KO6aJIbTOM MHHepaJIOB 3T011 rpyIIIIbl.
Aim yKa3aH1E1OH i eJIII 6bIJIH B3ATbI ABa o6pa3l[a ca44JIOpHTa, XIIMHgeCKHe
aHaJIII3bi1 KOTOpbIX IIOMeIL1 Hbl B Ta6JI. 1.
a3TOT Hie biaTepHaJi 6hIJI IIOABeprHyT HOJIyKOJIIIgeCTBeHHOMy cneKTpaJlb-
HOMy anaJHT3y (CneKTpaJIbHan Jla6opaTOpHA Kai)eApbI MIIHepaJlorHH reoJlo-
rHnecRoro (aKyJIbTeTa MFY, allaaHTIIK 14. B. Po3eH6epr), pe3yJIbTaTbl HO-
TOPOrO IIp11BegeHM B Ta6Ji. 2.
1 McTOAHxa xHMHgec}oro allaiiHaa onHCaHa panee (FoJoBHxoB, RyApsixoBa, 1958).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Oco6ertrtocmu uao.nsopouaua 8uapceuu8oe Ko6arabma, rtuxeraa u akeraeaa 75
Co . . . . . .
Ni . . . . . .
Fe . . . . . .
As . . . . .
S ......
Sb . . . . . .
Bi . . . . .
Cu . . . . . .
HepacTBOpu-
MbrH OCTaTOM
CyMMa
YA. Bee
As +S
Co+Ni+Fe
A. A. FoAoBHMOB,
A. H. ByHUaa
Ta6.tiurya 2
PeayeebTaTbl cuewTpaabnoro aaaneaa cac4nopnTa
Co . . . . . . .
>>1,0
>>1,0
Ni . . . . . . .
>1,0
>1,0
Fe . . . . . . .
>1,0
>1,0
As . . . . . . .
>10,0
>10,0
Sb .......
-1'0
>1,0
Bi . . . . . . .
0,1-1,0
0,1-1,0
Cu . . . . . . .
0,1-1,0
0,1-1,0
Pb . . . . . . .
Her
0,1-1,0
Zn . . . . . . .
X1,0
Ag .......
0,01-0,1
0,01-0,1
Si . . . . . . .
0,01-0,1
0,01-0,1
~A1 . . . . . . .
0,05-0,5
ECTb
Ca . . . . . . .
0,005-0,05
0,005-0,05
Mg . . . . . . .
0,01-0,1
0, 01-0,1
Mn . . . . .. .
0,01-0,1
0,01-0,1
II p u M e q a H H e. Sn, W, Mo, Au, Te, Nb, Ta, T1, Ga,
Ge, Cd, In, Sc, Be, Zr, Ti, Pt, Cr, V, Sr, Ba, P s o6oux
o6paagax He o6HapyxceHbr.
ATOMHOe
HOaHileCTBO
ATOMHoe
HOJIH9ecTBo
18
,41
312
20,22
343
1
,18
20
1,01
17
9
,80
176
6,25
112
66
,86
892
68,19
910
1
,33
42
2,10
66
0
,48
1,01
0
,13
0,15
0,80
99,07
7,01
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
76 A. A. loOoeuxoe
113 IIPHBeJJIHbix J{aHHbIX BHAHO, 'ITO NO CBOeMy COCTaBy o6a o6pa3iAa
RBJIHIOTCH THIIHfIHbIM Ca4 JIOpHTOM C OReHb BLICORIIM co) ep?KaHHeM HO6aJib-
Ta. 3HatiHTeJibHMIX I{OJiH=IeCTB HHbIX IIpHMeceI3, KpoMe OIIpeI;eJIeHHbIX XHMII-
'IecIHM aHaJIII3OM, B HIIX He YCTaHOBJIeHO.
06a o6pa3iAa 6bIJIH TJI aTeJIbHO H3y'eHbI MHHeparpac H'IecKII H McTOAOM
KOHTaRTHIaX OTIIetIaTKOB. B o6oux cJiyilanx IIOATBepx{AeHa HX OJ(HOPOAHOCTb.
,II,JIR O6o1X o6pa3lOB 6b1JiH IIoJly*Iexbl Ae6aerpaMMbi, OTJ(eJIbHble JIIIHHII
ROTOP1IX IIPOHHARIJHPOBaHLI IIO TOMy Me McTOi[y, KOTOpbIfi HCIIOJIb3OBaJI B
CBoeV pa60Te B. 14. MHxeeB. HocJie BTOporo HHJ{HIlipOBaHHR 6b1Jio IIpoH3Be-
Aeao oxoH*IaTeJIbHoe oupegeJleHHe IIapaMeTpOB. Raa Iii IIapaMeTp oupe-
ReJIRJICR RaK cpegHee apw()MeTHriecKoe He Meaee ,ieM H3 IuecTH He3aBHCHMbIX
pe3yJibTaTOB, IIoJlyileHHblx IIPII pemmemHH COOTBeTCTBymuJIIX ypaBHeHHI3. 4Jia
oupege.IeHHR IIapaMeTpOB HCIIOJIb3OBaKiaCb KBaJSpaTHTIHaR c opI1yJia, IIpHMe-
HHeMaJ JtJIR BbI'HCJIeHHR IIapaMezpoB pemeTKH poM6HLIecKHx I{pHCTaJIJioB,
TaK KaR corliaCHO HHKORy (Peacock, 1944), ca( JJIOpHT RBJIgeTCR MJHJKTL;IH-
HbIM MHHepaJIOM c IIPRMoyrOJibHbIMH OcIMH.
L e6aerpaMMbl O6OHx o6pa3nOB IIOMefleHbI, BMeCTO c ge6aerpaMMaMH JIeJI-
rmnrHTa H THIIHTIHoro ca44JIOpIITa B. H. MHxeesa, B Ta6JI. 3.
CpaBHeHHe IIOKa3biBaeT, 'ITO Bee ileTblpe ge6aerpaMMbi HMeIOT MHOrO o6-
inero u, HecOMHeHHO, xapalTepII3yIOT 6JIH3OCTb CTpyKTyp BCCX TIeTbipex o6-
pa3I;OB. Ha Kax{gOI3 H3 HHX HMeeTCR psJ[ HHTCHCHBIIhIX JIHHIIi3 c 6JIH3KIIMH
McIKIIJIOCKOCTHNIMH paCCTORHIIRMH, a HHOrga H c OgHHaKOBbIMH HHjjjeKCaMH.
3T0 upeH{Re Bcero OTHOCIITCR H JIHHHRM, OTpa1HeHHbIM OT IIJIOCKOY ceTKH C
HHgeKCaMH (211) HJIH (130). Bo Bcex iieTbipex o6pa3liax pJIH 3TIIX JIHHHI3 xa-
panTepxo IIO ITH OAHHaHOBOe 3Haiieniie d, H3MeIlnlon eecJ OT 1,85 go 1,86,
H HHTeHCHBHOCTb B 10 6a.IJIOB.
To ?H OTHOCHTCR K HHTeHCHBHbIM JIHHHRM (341), d KOTOpEIX H3MeHKeT-
CR OT 1,056 go 1,047, a HHTeHCHBHOCTb AOCTIIraeT 8-10 6aJiTIOB.
Ha Bcex ge6aerpaMMax HMe1OTCK JIHHHH, coOTBeTCTByIOU~He IIJIOCKHM ceT-
KaM (211) n (130), B03HHKIIIHe HpH OTpaIKeHHH 6eTa-JlyileII. XapaKTepHO,
ITO 3TH J1HHHH TaRme HBJIJIIOTCR gOBOJIbHO HHTeHCHBHJ,IMH. 14X IIHTeHCHBHOCTb
B OAHOM o6pa3ge - 2 6ajijia, B AByx - 3 6aiinia, a B OJ(HOM o6pa3J a game
4 6aiinia.
RpoMe yxa3aHxhix, HMeeTCR ire mfi pJI gpyrnx JIHHHI3, cOBIIagaion;IIX no
IIHTeHCHBHOCTHM H Mex{IIJIOcRoCTHnIM paCCTORHIIRM, HO OTJIH*IaIouJnxcK
cHMBOJIaMH OTpax{aIOII;HX IIJIOCKOCTeg. XapaxTeplO, ITO HeKOTOpLIe H3 HIIX
o'IeHb HHTeHCHBHM. B KaReCTBe IIpHMepa MO?KHO HPHBeCTH CJIeAyIoruHe JIHHHH,
IIepe'IHCJIeHHe KOTOpLIX RaeTCH B IIOPHI;Ke OT JIOJIJIHHrHTa K HaH6OJiee 6oraTO-
My HO6aJIJTOM ca(Dc jiOpHTy: (421) - d = 1,109, IIHTeHCHBHOCTb 9;
(312) - d = 1,1094, HHTeHCHBHOCTb 10; (302) - d = 1,115, HII-
TeacHBHOCTb 9; (340) - d = 1,123, HHTeHCIIBHOCTb 7; (151) - d =
= 1,077, HHTeHCHBHOCTI, 6; (151) - dla = 1,0816, IIHTCHCHBHOCTL - 8;
(151) - d = 1,076, HHTeHCIIBHOCTb 8; (312) - d = 1,072, HHTeHCHB-
HOCTb 4.
Bo.Ibinoe CXOACTBO Me Egy ReTbipbMR Re6aerpaMMaMH BJJ HO TaK?Ke H
Ha II JIOM p5I e gpyr1x JIHHHA.
ORHaKO Hap i y c 6OJIbHIHM CXOJ{CTBOM HaMe'aeTCH II pfJ{ pa3JiHiIHI3. Tax,
B HelOTOpbix cJIyIIaHx no Mepe yBeJiHPIeHHR cOgepa aHHR Ko6aJIbTa, T. e. IIpli
IIepexo a OT JIeJIJIHHrHTa K 6oraToMy Ko6aJIbTOM ca((JIOpHTy, OTI;eJlbxble IIa-
pbI JIHHHI3 CJTIIBaIOTCR B O uy, ROTopaq IIpOCJie?KHBaeTCR go caMoro KOHI;a, HJIH
CHOBa pacmeIIJIKIOTCR, Ho yn{e C H3MexexueM HHReKCOB.
IIpHMepOM JIHHHi3 IIepBorO THIIa MoryT CJIyIKHTb JIHHHH (240) H (122) o6-
pa3i[a JIi`JIJIHHrHTa n (240), (400) ca()( JiopHTa (o6p. 50), HOTOpble 3aTeM cJIH-
BaloTCR B oAHy JiHHHIO, HMeIOH;yio HHgexc (202) B o6p. 3095 H (141) B o6p. 3119.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Oco6eunocmu uaomopq6uaMa auapceuuaoe xo6aJbma, nuxeIta u me-aeaa 77
LO
" N cc
0
0 L
0
"m C o r o o 00
0 0
'O
I CD 1f) - CfD m --L r C
00 N N CD
u7
N N N N N
to cc - l no 1IJIOCKOCTBM cnaiiHOCTII B IcplCTa.IJIe MyCKOBIITa. CHnB
IHX, MOHCHO IIOJIy'IlTb LIHCTyIO IIJIaCTIIHKy 3TOro KpHCTaJIJIa.
;_(JIB IIHpHTa xapanTepua CTpYKTypHaa noBepxnocTb, KoTopan xoponio
OTJulgiaeT ero OT JjpyrHX pygHblx MIIHepaJIOB. Ha 3TOi3 IIOBepXHOCTH Ha6JIio-
J1;aIOTCH IUTpHXOBKa, 6OpO3JjKH, IIOJIOCKII, napaJTJleJlbHble OAH0I3 CTOpoHe
KBajjpaTa uJIH npyujne no JjuaroHaJin. OHH o6pa3yIOT cBoeo6pa3rii ll V3op
,B BHJje eJ ogeK, OCJIOHCHeHHLIH Jjo6aBJleHhHMn B BIIJje
yrJIy6JIeHiHl, HMeIOIIjlx (opMy pOM6HKOB, TpeyroJlbnulcoB, JIOJjo'IeK H
upon. (pic. 2). JIIIHn11 orpaHMienul 3THX f HrypoK Ha rpanax nnpIITa ua-
paJIJIeJlbHbl CTOpOHaM KPHCTaJIJIOB IIHpHTa IIJIH JMeIOT JjnaronaJibHylo ()pH-
enTupOBKy. OpueHTHPoBKa CaMIIX KPHCTaJIJIOB IIHpHTa Taium noR'InneHa
HeKOTOpOii 3aK0HOMepHOCTn - HanpaBJlenne OJjHOl1 n3 rpaneu KP11CTaJIJIa IIU-
pIITa cOBIIaJjaeT C HanpaBJleuneM JiytIeIl c urypbl yjjapa HJIH JjaBJIelMH B lcpn-
cTaJIJIe MyCKOBIITa.
CpaBHIITeJIbHO peJjlco BMBCTe C IIHPIITOM BCTpeilaeTCB ni1PPOTi1H B B1Jje
KCelIOMop())Hbix no OTHOBIeHhIO K IIHPHTY O6pa3oBaHHR. OH OTJHPiaeTCB OT
IIHpHTa IjBOTOM H CIIJIbHOU aHU30TPOIIHeA. 3HaLIIITeJIbHO gauge BCTpeLiaeTCB
MapKa3wT, KoTOpblll 3aMeiijaeT IIHplT. 3aMeujeHIIe, KaK HpaBnJIO, HatIH-
HaeTCB c nepi bepHil KPIICTaJIJIa H 1JjeT B nanpaBJiennn K IjeHTpy, nepneHJjn-
KyJIBpHO HITpnxoBice (piic. 1, e). IIHPIIT 3aMeuiaeTCa Tam He u riiJjpooRuCJIa-
Din HceJle3a (pHc. 4, a).
Cpe;jII KPHCTaJIJIOB nnpiTa MOH{HO BCTpeTHTb Kp1CTaJi1Ibi MarHeTIITa. 4a-
CTO BMCCT0 C TOHKIIMII nponJlacTKaMH IIHpHTa aCCOAIIHPYIOTC$ TOHKHe upo-
rIJiaCTKII KBapija. HHOrJja KBapij KaK 6bi o6paMJIaeT KPHCTaJIJIbI uupwTa. Rpo-
Me Toro, unpllT acCOljliiipyeTCu c peaHICTaMH 6noTHTa. Ha6JIIOJjaJlca CJivqaii
IiapacTamui KpllcTaJIJIa IIHpHTa Ha oicpyrJloe O6pa3oBaHHe 6HTyMa.
I3ce 3TH JjaiiHble, a TaKHCe I aKT npuypolleunocTn xpI1CTaJIJIOB IIHpHTa upe-
HMyll CTB('HUO K IOBej)XHOCTII li nepnJepnn lcp1CTaJIJIOB MyCKOBIITa, K Tpe-
H[IIUKan B l1CM, 3acTaBJI9eT upn3uaTb KPHCTaJIJIH3aiLHIO nnpiTa 6owiee no3Jj-
Heii no cpallIieHIIio c MycKOBIITOM, Mo1{eT 6bITb, B y?Ke C(opMHpOBaBIIIHXCB
Cl'() KpnCTaJJJlax.
I3KJiiO ieIIIIa M a P H e T 11 T a iuupoxo pacnpocTpaHeHbl B MyclcoBhTe.
OH o6pa3yOT IIJIa0TIIHiIaTble KpIICTaJIJIbI. 06'beMHbie BICJIIOYenua Haiii BcTpe-
"YeIIbI fie 6b1Ji1. Pa3Mepbl MarHeTIITOBbIX BEirto Ieunu KOJIe6JIIOTCH OT JjOJleii
hIuumMeTpa Jjo 1-2 cm.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
2
Pitc. 1. (DopMa BJ J11o e1L}lii 111npuTa B MyclioBIITe.
a n 6 - naizuo.Iee 'lacTO neTpevaemme (popMU npncTaJ1J1on nnpHTa B MycxoBHTe; v - rencaroHUJnaHme
n onaacoo6pa3Hme nhaaeaenuR nnpwTa; a - pa3BHTHe mapnaanTa 110 nnpHTy (n r{eHTpe x eJiena).
OTpanieHHSIH CBCT, yncJI. 46
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PBC. 2. LCTt1II CTpOeHIIR IIUBCpxIIOCT1I HHpIITa B M'CICOBI1TC.
OTpaa eHHblii CBeT, yBeJI. 120
Co;[epHCaHIIe MarxeTHTa, IIa6JIIogaeMOe B OAHOM xpllcTaJIJIe CJIIOJJJI, TaK-
?KC HogBep?KeHO 311axIIITeJIbHbIM ICOJIe6aHHHM. Hnorj a OH IIplCyTCTByeT B BIIJIe
egHIIH`IHbIX 3epeH, IIop01I Me BCTpeLIaeTCfl B 6OJIbmlx 1OJJll'IecTBax. HepegKo
KpI!CTaJIJIbI MarHeTHTa 3aICOHOMepxo pacIIOJIO?Keabl HO JIytIaM eJlbiIaTOCTII,
HO;k`1CpIHBaa 3OHaJIbHOCTb MyCKOBIITa. OAHH 113 TaKHX cJIyLIaeB HpeACTaBJICH
Ha pue. 3, a, rRe MarHeTIIT HPHypOLIHBaeTCH K CJIa6o IIpOHBJIeHHOIi IIITpHXOB-
He eJIbiIaTOCTH.
MarHeTHT B MyCHOBIITe o6pa3yeT HIeCTHrpaHHble BKJIIotIeHHH, IIIeCTOBaTble
HJIII HrOJIbgaTble, HeHpaBIIJIbHble H ICanJIeB}I Hble BbIgejIeHHH, HaIIOMHHaIOmHe
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
YBC. :3. MaPHeT1IT B Myc1:OBIITe.
a - MarneTHT, pac HOnonieHHldli HJIOIIh rnTpIIx OH1{H eJlbvaTOCTII. IIaT. He--l,; U -- I(lopmbl IIUC'ra. I.l(II
MarueTHTa. llpOSO;I1iI1IHH ('HeT, H111COJlII 1~ , yHCdl. 10; c - :;a IiUH OMCpHan (, uCIlBlI U1}G;I Tp(IIIHII OTJie.lb-
HOCTH B mal'HeTlITe OTHOCHTC.1hHO 31y'reu liiHrypi ynapa it MycIi OHHTc. I1poxo;u1I11Hli cHCr, III11wilil 1'?
yBen, 30; 0 - HonTypHOC He.Ja Mli HyTOe IIH:HoieHI1e MarHeTHTa B Mych OISBTe; d - If Ul rfy pllue 3ammlyToe
B HnICIeHHe MaPHeTHTa It MyCH OHIITe, IIpoxogni1111li CBeT, 111IHOZI I II , yHea. 30
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
MIIpMehlcrbl. Ha116wiee iiaCTO BCTpe'IaIOTCH HIeCTIIrpaHHbie BKJI1ogeHHH. OHli
11a6JIloAaloT0I B BIIRe HpaBHJIbHbIx HIeCTHrpaHHHKOB, HaCTO BbITHHyTbIX BAOJIb
oAlioli 113 oceii, a TaKSHe B Bilge TpaleIjU1I, OCJIOHCHCHHLIX CTyIIelhIaTbIMH BbI-
cryHalH. BcTpe'ialOTCII TaH7Ke poM60BHAHbie H TpeyrOJIbxble BKJIIOHeHHH Diar-
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HTypHal HoBepXHOCTb IIHpliTa. Ha6JIIOAaI0TCH TPH CIICTeMbI TaKHX TpeIIjI111,
OPIIeHTHpOBaHHbIX OAHa K Apyroii HOA yrJIOM 60?. PacrwwioxceHHe 3TIIX Tpe-
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HeHJuHKyJIHpHbI rpaHHM HIeCTIiyI'oJIbHHKOB MarHeTHTa (plic. 3, 6).
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He3aMKHyTble. 01111 HOXO?KH He Ha peJIHKTbI, a CKopee IIpOH3BOJ1HT BlleiIaTJleHIIe
He HWJIHOCTbIO 3aMe14eHHorO HpocTpallcTBa. Ha pHc. 3, a Hoxa3axbl Bce rpaiiii
ImIeCTHrpaHHHKa, HO Ha OT eJIbxbIX ytiaCTKax ABe 113 HHX 11peACTaBJlexbl B
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TIyBCTByeTCH CTpeMJieHHe K 3a1OHOMePHOMY KpHCTaJIJIorpa4)HLIecKOMy orpa-
HeHIiiO. OpineHTIipOBKa IipIICTaJIJIOB MarHeTHTa BbI3BaHa BJI11HHHe11I BKJIIOTialo-
Huero MyCKOBHTa. AHaJIorinHoe HBJIeHHe Ha6JIlojaeTCH HP11 KpHCTaJIJIH3agiut
iioAa IIa CHaliHOH IIOBepXHOCTII MyCKOBHTa. BKJIIOKeHHH MarHeTHTa 06pa3OBa-
J1IICb IIOCJIe KP1ICTaJIJIH3aIIHH MyCKOBHTa. 06 3TOM rOBOPHT O)aKT HaX05KAeHHH
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B BHAe MBFHPTIITa. HeKOTOpTie XOpOIIIO OKpIICTaJIJI1I3OBaHHble KpHcTaJIJIbI Mar-
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BM(CTe C IMIVCKOBIITOM HJIH HeCKOJIbKO Ho3AHee ero.
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?KeJie3a. 1-IacTO MOHCHO Ha6J11ogaTb, KaK HO TpeMItHaM oTAeJIbIIOCTH
B MarHeTIITe IIJIII Ha HepHO)epitii ero KPHCTaJIJIOB KOHIjeHTPHPYIOTCH 11oTHCO-
BiiAHhue HJIH HaTeigHble o6pa3oBaHiIH OKHCJIOB ?KeJIe3a. HHOrJa OH11 3aMPIIjalOT
BPCb KpuiCTaJIJI.
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BHTe Otleilb gaCTO. B HOAanJIHIoljeM 6OJIbIHIIHCTBe CJly'IaeB OHM HpeACTaBJIel1Ii
rpymioii reMaTHT-rlIAporeMaTHTa if reTHT-rHAporeTHTa. CaMOCTOBTeJIbHble
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liepaJ1oB. YKa3aHHble BKJIIOTieHHH IAIeI0T BHA HHTeH, pa3BOAOB, Hopowti, lia-
JIPTOB, IIaTeKOB McJITOBaTO-6ypOl'O ABeTa (pHC. 4 a, 6). OHH HpIIypOTl(HbI K
TpeujllHaM BeCbMa COBepmeHHO1i CHaflHOCTH H B 60JIbIHHHCTBe CJiyTiaeB Ha6JIJo-
AaIOTCII no HPpnc)epI ii KpIICTaJIJIOB, TpeIIjHHaM H AeO)eKTHMM MecTaM MyCKO-
BIiTa. HepeAKo HIIT11006pa311ble BKJIIO'IeHHH o6JIajaIOT HOAO6IIPM 3oHa.IbHOCTII,
icOTOpall Bblpa?KaeTCJI B CMeHe oKpacKll. TaKlie 6ec4)opMeHHble BKJIIOTIeHIIH
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Puc. 4. OJ11c J M ii rxupommeam xcejieaa B MyCxonxTe.
aameweinTe HHpHTa. OTpaMeHHtim eneT, yaen. 46; 6 - AeHApnTIA oHHCnoB }Heneaa n myoxonHTe
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110 HITpIXOBICC enbvaTOCTH. IIpoxoAnulHi3 cBeT, HHxonH 11 , ynea. 30
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Piic. 5. 1'CMaTIIT 1; MyCt oBBTC.
a - aamen e i re nnpnTa reMaTIITOys; U - liceBAOMOpOO: W 110 rmpirrY.
onai+maennbie umueparoM na rpynnw cyahiaTOB.Ilpoxc;[nmnii cnCT, r iroaui I' , -vneJI. 20
RCTpotialOTCSI B MyCIiOB1ITe B 11306HJ11111. KpOMe mix, Ha6JIIoRaIOT0i BIUIIO'IOHHA
}KeJIe3lICTbIX OKIICJIOB it riIipooHHCJIOB, 60Jiee apiiO Bblpa?HCHHbie MOp(OJIO-
rHgecim.
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IIJIaCTHHiIaTble HpIICTaJIJIbI HO IIJIOCHOCTAM BeCbMa COBepIHeHHOII CIIaIIIIOCTII
MyCKOBI3Ta. u1IarIIOCTHpyeTC3q OH cpaBHIITeJIbHO HpOCTO, 1I0 IIeHOTOpoii aHH-
30Tp0IIHH H IIJIeOXpoutiHOCTH. KpOAIe Toro, 06HappiuiBaeT Hpacii ie BHyTPeIIHIIe
pe~JICKcbI, Ha6JIIoAaeMbie HHOrga OiieHb HCIIO. LBCT I'eMaTIITa B 60JIb1I111ICTBe
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
94 J. H. Ty pbeea
cJly'laeB HpaClIOBaTo-6ypblli iiiiii HOpn`iHeBblli, B OTpa}HennoM CBOTe - CepO-
BaTe-6eJIbTU. HoHa3aTeJIb npeJIoMJIeHBB Bbime, 'Iem Y MyCHOBHTa.
1 eMaTIIT o6pa3yeT IICeB,1 OMOpO03bI HO II11p11Ty It MarHeTHTy. HeIiOTopble
BbIAeJIeHBH IIHpnTa OHalMJIeHbI HaTe'IHbIMII H geHAp11Too6pa3HbIMH BbIJAeJIe-
Inuf1MH reMaTHTa. HHorga MOMHO Ha6J11ogaTb IIITp11XOBHy, yHaCJleAoBaHHy}o
OT nhlp11Ta. J-1aCTO BHJIIO'IeHHJI HnpHTa OHpy?HeHbl paCIIJIEIB'IaTbIMi1, IleIIpa-
BnJIbIIbIMH IIHTHaMH rligp0OHnCJIOB weJIC3a, B Macce HOTOpbIX Ha6J1loj[aIOTCA
nycTOTbl HBagpaTHOH H lIeCT11rpaHHol3 (Opmbi. Ha CTennax 3TIIX IIyCTOT MoaH-
HO Ha6J11ogaTb IIplMa3H11 reMaTnTa 11 r11gporeMaTHTa. HepeJ[HO, paccMaTp11-
Ba51 nopo6Hble o6pa3oBaann, MOa1CHO npocJIejiIITb nocJIeROBaTeJIbiIble CTaJJiH
3aMeigeH11H HnpHTa it MarneTllTa reMaTnTOM II, ,t aiiee, rnJ[pOOHncJIaMH aHOJie3a
(pnc. 4, 5). Hogo6Hb}e ace o6pa3oBaHnn ,IaeT HHorAa n r11RporeTlT.
1'HJ1,poreMaTnT o6JIaJ1,aeT ABeTOM OT TemnoBaTO-Hpacnoro II H11pI111'uIIO-
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11 110 CBOHM CBO11CTBaM 6JII130E H HeMy.
1' e T It T B HplCTa.IJIax CJI}OAbl BCTpe'iaeTCH pee reMaTnTa. OH Ha6JIIo
JkaeTCH B Bilge Ta6111ILIeu, BOJIOHOH, nroJlbilaTMX H CTOJ16iiaTbIX Hp1ICTaJIJIOB,
B Bilge IIJIOTHbIX BOJIOKHIICTbIX 11 HaTeiIHbIX Macc, TiaCTO 06pa3yeT arperaTbl
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(pnc. 6, a, 6). HrOJIb'IaTble HpnCTaJIJIbI Op11eHTIIpOBaHbl no HanpaBJIeHHIO Jly-
'leli (nirypbl yRapa it gaBJie1IIA. gBeT MHHepa.na n e.ITbII3, HOp11'IHeBaTblIi, 6y-
poBaTO-Hopn'}HeBaTbIIi. Horacanne npnMoe, yAJI11Henne noJIOHCHTeJlbxoe, cnaii-
HOCTb COBepIIIeBnait, napaJlJleJlbHafi rJIaBHOn 30Be BOJIOHOH. IABeT BHyTpe}I-
IIIIx pe4JIeKCOB M OJITOBaTO-6ypblli, C 30JIOT14CTLIM OTTeIJHOM.
BHJITO'IeHua reTifTa IIMOIOT 60JIbIITOYI noHa3aTeJlb HpeJIOMJIOHHH H B CHpe-
u1 eiiubTX HIIBOJIHX gaIOT BbICOHHe ABeTa HHTep4epeHJ hrn.
1' H R P O r e T 11 T Ha6JIIogaeTCH B BIIAO HJIOTHMX 11JIH PMXJIbIX Mace
??HeJITO-6yporo will HOp1'IHeBaTOro J BeTa. lHorJ(a OH gaeT mejlKogelHyli-
'IaTble 1IJIH BOJIOHHHCTLIe pa3HOCTII, HepeJ1;no C XOPOIIIO BbTHBJIeHHOI/ aH1130-
Tp0n11eii. B TaH11X CJIyIafIX reTHT it rHJ[pOreTHT TPYJ;HO pa3JI11'I11Mbl. I'nJjpo-
reT11T 11HorJ a o6pa3yeT IICeBJJ;OMOp403LT IIO 1111piTy.
HHOrJ[a afeJle31ICTble OK11CJIbT TII11a reTIIT-rugporeTIlTa, HOpn'IneBaTOro,
if nHeJITo-6yporo T;BeTa, o6pa3yiOT BOJIOHH1ICTble arperaTM, noxo 11ne Ha 3bI-
COXI11ylO ApeBec11Hy. OHH BbITHHyTbT BAOJIb UITpIIXOBH11 eJIb'TaTOCTIT, IIpH-
ypOMIlBalCb H HePOBHOCTHM IIOBePXHOCTIT (CM. pnc. 4, 6).
H e.Ie3HCTble oHIICJILI emeuJaHHOro JI TMOHIITOBOFO COCTaBa o6pa3yIOT nHOr-
Jka 3alhouoMepHylo peIneTHy, BnJJ;IIMMIy1O MaHpocHonn'IecHn (pnc. 7, a, 6). Ha
p}ICyHHe B11AHO, 'ITO peineTHa o6pa3OBaHa J1;JI11HHbIMII, TOHEIIM14 IIOJIOCHaMH,
pii iieii OOBaIIHbIM11 ITapaJIJIe.IblTO 11 nepneHAHHyJIHpno H ecTecTBenIibiM
rpaIiHM HpncTaJiiia MycHOBIITa. Hepecenaacb MeiH y co60Ii, oll11 o6pa3yTOT pe-
BIOTHy, fl'1ef?IHH HOTOPOH 11MeIOT BIIA paBHOCTOpOHI111X TpeyrOJIbH11HOB Ti pOM-
60B. PellIeTHO11 3aHHTa gelITpaJlbHafl 'IaCTb Hp11CTa.uia, orpa}In'IellHaa H1Tp1I-
XOBH011 eJlb'IaTOCT11. Ho o6Hyio peIHeTHy o6pa3yeT TaH}He 11 reMaT1IT (pnc. 7, 6).
HOu MIIHpOCKOIIOM B1I H07 'ITO pe1HeTICa npeACTaBJiena XOpOIIIO BbTpaaHeH-
IILIMH gell p1ITaM1I, IiMetolAHAt1I nanopTHnIoo6pa3HbTIi BILL (pnc. 8, a, 6).
I113eT IIX B npoxo nn e-I cBeTe Hop11'IHeBaTO-6ypblli, gepHbiii 11 HpaCHOBaTbili.
P3CTyT JAOHJjpllTbl OT o61II;ero, 6o11ee MaCCIIBHOro cTBOJIa, IIOCTeneHHO OTBeT-
IIJIfIfTCb 11 yTOH'Iaflcb BMOCTe c HapacTaioIqnb1 ycJlo?HITenneM pitcylhia. 1411or-
ja 0111 CIIJiOIHb IIOKpblBaIOT BCIO DOBepXHOCTb MyCHOBTITa B Bilge TOHHOII ceT-
H11. Bee eJIO1HOBHJ[Hble OTBeTBJIeHHH HaXOJ[f1TCH B CTPOFOM COOTBeTCTBII11 C
HanpaBJlelineM JIy'Ie13 (rnrypbI ygapa it gaBJIeHIIH MyCHOBI4Ta (pile. 8, 6).
KpOMe JIHHe1uHO BLITHHyTbIX J(eHJ(pHTOB, Ha6JIIOJ(aIOTCH erge H 3Be3J('fa-
Tbie. Cpej11 Hlix nonagaiOTCH H gOBOJIbHO rpy6ble, 110 'TaMe BCTpe'Ia}OTCf1 XO-
p01HO BblpanieHIIble, 'Ipe3Bbl'IaiiHO TOHH11O 3Be3AO'IHH, HauoAo61le CHeWlIHOH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
I'm. 6. FeTIIT B MyCFOBBTe.
Iw:,crsn It C11OnoBBAuib1e arperaTw. 111wXOAflHAZ'I1 CBeT, IIFISOOii YBC. 30
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60JIee XOpOHIO BbIHBJIelHbIMH, OTJIH'IaIou I4MI1c I TOHKOCTbIO pHCVHKa,-
wpHble.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
F'iic 7. OpnenTnpoBaanme BKJTIO*reIna MCJI03HCTLIX OIi1JCJIOB it rIRpooxncnoB-
B MyCKOBBTe.
a II (5 - cMemaAxoro cocTasa; a -- reMaTIlT
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Pirc. 8. ;(011uiBThJ OKIICJIOB II r11gpOOJ 11CIIOB xH C7C3a
B MyCIQOBiITe.
a - OOEIUIH BHTi. I1posoAHHzli1 cBeT, IIIIIiOJ111 II, yBe:I. 30; 6 -3 EOIiOMtepHaf
oplIeIITHpoBHa ueHApIITOB OTIIOCI1TeJ Mlo ity'teH q)Iirypbi yBapa B MycsoBHTe.
IIpoxOiIHH~HH (BCT, 11nxo:H1 11, yBea. 30
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OIIpeAeJIeHHOe. KaE 113BeCTIIO, J1;eIIApIITbl 6bIBaIOT KpIICTaJIJIII3aAIIOHHble It
KOaryJI}TIIBHble. HeKOTOpLIC j[BYXM('pHble AeHJ);pIITbI BOJ I1bIX OHIICJIOB xceJEe3a
OTHOCFITCH K KoaryJIFITIIBIIbIM. Ho, CpaBHIIBaH HalHH AeHJ);pI1TbI C J(eHAplTaMII,
HpHBOJ[IIMbIMII B pa60Te u. A. CapaTOBKEIIIa (1953), MbI HaxOqIIM B HIIX AIHOro
7 TpyRbi MHHepanorHH. Mtyaeu, Bb1H. 10
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
VAC. 9. LCBJjplITbI B MYCHOBIITe. 111)0R0PHII>,I111 CBOT, IIBHOJIII iii , yBCJI. 30
a 11 6 - BHAHa cmeaa cuo)H1IocTH pIlcytu;a AeIIJpHTa B BaBHCHMOCTH OT cocTaBa
(oxpacfiH); e - aauolloMepHaH op I LITHpoaua AcaupBTOB (110 ceiAe poMOa)
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Piic. t0. atiuptzac> {cc ne3IIeTVrs OK33CAOB {r r11;tj)00E 1C TOS B MYchOBITe
n - upucuu,3uquil CaeT, 3i13rulll II, yaea3. 18; 6 - upuxo,lfluun? CBeT, iuIIRO.uc II, Yuen. 46; e - aaxoao-
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1111HOili II, Yae7. 9u
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
I'll C. 11. IionnoMOp4110o CTpoeHHe ?I eJLe3HCTbIx ONIICJIOB
H r1IApOOKHCJIOB B MyCKOBHTC. IlpoxOAHmHH CBOT, HHICOJIII
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;ail c HanpaBJieiiiieAi JIy11eIi c nrypbi yAapa HJIII AaBJICHIIJi. H11eliiii
CCTKUI ((KapKaca> IIpeACTaBJIHIOT co6oii HAeaJIbuyIO (OpMy poM6a, Hltor;(a
c yce'ieniibIAn3 yrJIaMu. YrJIbM poM6oBHAHbIx H11eeIK panHbi 60 H 120?.
PacchIaTpIIBan ((KapaaC)), AIM BlAHM, iITO oKIICJIbI II rhIpooKncJlbl ?KeJie3a
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BbIHBJI151 KaKIIe-TO 3aaohIoMepIIOCTII ee CTI)OOIIHH, B C13010 OTICpeAb, 3aBIICH-
111,110 OT B1IYTpOHHer0 CTpoeHHH MycxoBllTa. Pacimi poBKa BTIIX 3aKOIIoMepHo-
CTeii - AeJIo 6yAyii ero.
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it rlIAp00KilCJ10B, BCTpe11aioIIl,IXCH B KpuCTaJIJIax MyciOBHTa, HBJIHIOTCH Ila-
TC111Ible, KOJIJIOMOp(Hble o6pa30BaIiiii (pae. 11, a, 6 it 12), nMeloique, O'ICBnA-
Ho, KOJuJIoi1AHOe IIponcxo?KAeIHIe. Aim mix xapaaTepibl 1KeJITOBaTO-KOpi1TIIIC-
Bble 11 1KpacHo-6ypble oHpacKn C HPIKiMH ABOTaMl3 J3HyTpeHHIIX peOJICKCo13
lI =IepeAoBallne onpacoa no CJIOHM, o6yCJiOBJIennOe, 011eBnAHO, CMeHOH COCTaBa.
Ho iiepnc epiiu uogo611bIX BbIA050111iii Ha6JnoAaIOT0I rJIo6yJIHpubie 06pa3oBa-
HiiH, IIA1CIOlI);II0 KoHAeHTpIITIecKH-30HaJibuoe II paAIIaJIbIIO-JIy'IIICTOe CTpoeHHe
(piic. 12, 6). Hpn 6OJIbIIIOM yBCJn111e IIII BIIAHa npaHHJlbllaH oKpyrJlaH 4opMa
rJIO6yJIBp11IIx o6paaoBailiHi, 3onaJibhIOcTb, o6yeaOllileIIIlaH 1IeTKOYI CAiOIIO11
onpaciul, II HeKOTOpBIe CJIOAbI paCKpiCTaJIJIIISaIHil, BbIpa}Halon>iieca B iiaJIWH11n
paJ[iiaJlblIbIx TpeH.1;HHOK.
13 II,(UTpe 1IOTITH Ka1KAoro BKJIio enna MO?KHO BHAeTb AeHTpaJIbHO0 JIApO.
BOJICe lpynuble BKJII011CHHH IIMOIOT 3OHaJIbHOe CTpoellHe, McJIKHe o6pa3oBalbl
1(011TH IICKJIIO'IHTeJIbno reTHTOM-rHAporeTHTOM Hpl:o-HCeJIToro IABeTa.
H - eJIe3HCTble OKHCJILI H rHAp0OKHCJIbI 1OHBIIJIIICb B MYCKOB1T0 J[BOJ1Bh1M
IIyTeM; OAHII o6pa3oBaJIHCb 3a C11eT MarneTIITa IIJIlI n1IpHTa, Apyriie - 3a CYCT
IIp1l13HOCa I13B11e.
Pa33n1 1Ible A10p1 )OJIorl11eCKIIe pa3HOBHAHOCTII o6ycJIOBJIenbl Kan Kp3iCTaJI-
JIII3aJ ilouhIbIMn CI30HCTBaMII onaCblBaeMblx MHHepaJIOB, TaK it ciieI1;Ii(J)H11e-
CKnMH yCJIOBIIHA1l1 IKp1ICTaJIJIII3aIgHH BHYTp1 IKpIICTaJIJIOB AIYCKOBIITa, iiii yK-
TI1py10II.ee ACHCTBIIC KOTOPOPO HrpaJio HeMaJIOBa?BHyIO pOJIb. 3HaMaTeJIbHbIM
(I)aHTOpOM, Kali naM IIpeACTaBJIaeTCH, HBJIHeTCR IIOBepXHOCTb KPHCTaJIJIOB MyC-
KOBIITa, a MO?H T 6bITb, it 3HCpreTIIIIeCKHe CBOIICTBa ero pemeTKH.
C a 1) a T o B K 11 11 J. A. ,L eHApIITaaa Hpi1CTaJIJIH3aIj11a. McTa.iJlyprn3AaT, 1953.
'4 y x p 0 B Q). 11. HOJIJIOIIAbI B 3CMHOH Hope. 113A-BO All CCCP, 1955.
10 in K O C. A. MCTOAb1 I13y'BHIIIa pyJ IIOA MHKpOCKOIIOM B OT11a?KCIKIIOM CBCTe. 1,0crC0II-
H3AaT, 1949.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
AIf A1AENI H11 11 AY1; CCCP
TPF;kb1 MIIIIEP_1.IOr11'IECROrO MY3EJI
BI'l11yc]:II)
1'eaaI:IOp ;I-p reo:I.-Mlnl. 11;11\-1: 1'. H. Eap anct;
Culll'GIIETHtlE(7i41E H wIHFEHETIhIECKIIE BIKTIOtIEHHA
11 NPHCTA.T13AX AJIMA3A
C 1953 lio 1956 ro BICJIIOYHTeJIbHO MbI I1CCJIeAoBaJI11 aJLMa3bI 113 p000b1H-
IIL1X MecTOpoaK eHllii YpaJla II pa3J111'1HbIX paiiolIOB CIi6lipli. uJIH cpaBHeHHH
113ygaJ1i1Cb a:1Ma3b1 113 McCTOpw+pe11111I 1OlBIIOII AT piiiii, Iipa3HJIII11, HHJunn
11 :A13cTpaJiiui, I11e1O1L~11eCH B M11IIepaT1or11'iecIIoM My3ee um. A. E. DepcMaHa
Ali CCCP.
BOJIbU100 BH11Malllle 6hIJIo yJSeJieiio IICC1e,T oBa11II1O BIU1JO'Ie1I11li B Kp11CTaJI-
.lax aJIMa3a. H3 607bIIU)ro 1i0:I1111eCTBa IipICTaJIJIo13 aJ1Ma30I3 113 y'paJIbCKHX
i
it c3l6Hpclalx poccbuieii obIJII1 oTOOpaIIbl o paaubl C pa3HOO6paa11bii,nl BIiaIO-
'IC1111HMII, KOTOpble 1ICC.10,10BaJI1ICb pa3JIlL'IHbIM1i McTo1aMTi, 1103BOJIHI0I411MH
II)YIIO JLIial'HOCTIIpoBBTb B11JIIO'Je11HbIH Mlixepa;l. IIp0113BOJu11J1CH pellTreHO-
C'LpyKTypHbili aIIaJ11131, 3aTeM II3BJIC'Ie1llbie 113 aJiMa3a IIYTOM pa3Jpo6JIeHHH
uocJIeAHero MllIIepa:lbl 11CCJ1e; oiiaJI11Cb B IIMMepclIOIIIlbix IIponapaTax iioA MIIK-
poCKOlI0il, IIoc:le 'Zero I1poll3BOA11.1CJ1 cIIeKTpaJlbHblii aIIa1113 BKJIIOW1111u. uJIH
TO'IHOiI J];11arlIOCT1IK11 BKJITO'ICIIIIiI B aJI:llaaax 113 alJpniianCIulx M0CTOp011{ O11I1I3
11:3 IKOJIII'ICCTBa 6oJiee 2500 aJIMa30B OTo6paIlb1 35 KpIICTaJIJIOB, ICOTOpble 6bIJ11I
pa3qi)o6JIe1IbT, a 113WIT1,1e 113 IIIIX 1311JIIO'ICHIIH 113y'ICHbI IIOA MIIKPOCKOIIOM B
IIMMepC11o1IIIb1X ILpellapaTax.
OCIIOBIMI11111 clnIreIIeTII'IecxIIRHI MHHepaaaaMil, 3aXBaTbIBaIOIII,IIMIICH IIpii
Kp1CTaJIJI113aIUIH, H13JISIIOTCH OJIII131111, 1'paiiaT H xpOMIHIIh1He.T11iL 2.
B K JI 1o '1 e H 11 it 0 JI H 13 it it a. OJIIIBIIHbi 11CTpe'Ia1OTCH B aJTMa3ax B
I311Jke 113)MOTpI1H1Ih1X 11JIII B pa3JIH'I110H CTCIICHII yAJI14H01I1JbIX 11 yHJIOH);e111IbIX
Kp1ICTaJlaii KOB C XOpOIIIO I3bipa}KeHIII1MII rpalnMII, a Taiae B BHAe HapaJiJieJib-
Hblx, JOJIeIIq,lTOB11 IIbIX 11 HJJIPlY JI11BbTX no I OpMe CPOCTICOB (puC. 1). McJinlie
IIp03pa'lllble BKJ1I0'IPH11H OJIIIBIIHa IIanOMHHaJOT CKOIIJIeiIIie 11y3b1pbKOB ra3a.
14HorJ1,a Ha6:IIO,[a1oT01 ep i1IiI'illiie 13Ii.Ilo'Ieiiiin oJIJIBIIHa, no ilepeJijO B oA-
HOM KpHCTBJIJte a.IMa3a BCTpe'IaeTCH 110 10-15 pa3JIH'Iiio1O pa3Mepa KpHCTaJI-
Jillilo11 BTOI'O MllllepaJla. I1iuiIO'Ie11iir.ie 3epxa oJIIHBIIHa 'Ianie BCerO coBepmmellHO
6ec1 BeTI1bl, peJl,Iio eJ[iia aaMeTHO BeJIeHOBaTmI. 11aCTO iia IIOBepXHOCT1i IIX Ha-
6JIIOAaIOTCH 'IeI)Hble 0Kpy1'JIb1e H He1paBIIJIbHOH t lOpM bI IIHTHa (pIuc. 1, 8).
Hp11p0;[a IIBTCIT iie YCTaHOBJ.Ietia; HOJ[ MHKpOCKOHOM OIIII 1IbirJTHART COBepIIIeHHO
1 MUTOJIB110 It YaCT11'1110 po3yJlJ.TiTb1 pCHTreUOCTpyliTyp hurl) 11CCJIeI[OBaHHH BHJIIO-
'ielIHii B xpIICTaJIJIaX a.2Maaa OHIICaBIa C. 11. (1)yTCpreH;AJIep (1956).
1 IHCTp0'IaI0L1 LIeCB B aJIMa3aX BKJIIogeHHH 60IIee MCJIHIIx xpHCTaJIJIIIHOB aJIMa3a Tali-
xie CILlIrelICTBYlIbI; 01111 IIHTCpCCIIbU C T041i1t 3peHHH BI,IJICHCHIIB reIre3HCa ohlpyrjlblx ~opM
IipHCTaJIJIOB aJIMa3a it 6y9yT pBCCMOTp0Hbi noc ie OHHCaHIia CBHreHeTH'IeCIiHX BIIJIJO'JeHHH
1iuoro COCTasa, 'ICM IIJIMa3.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
Pnc. 1. BK uo=re a OJIIIBHFia B aJlluraae.
a - HpICTaJ1Jlhl OJIHBHHa B aJIMaae (3apncoBHa); 6 - Te ?He BHSnoYCHHH O'ABBI1Ila ([[)OTO); a - y3OpLI IiBy-
npeJIOMJ1eHIlH B aJIMa3e BOICpyr BHJIIOVeHHH oTlnBnna, n306paaleIHLlx Ha plic. 1 a H 6; 2 - HpnCTaJ1J7 OIIH-
anna B aJIMa3e ((IOTO); 0 - 9epHLle nRTIIa Ha rpaHn ynlonteHlloro HpncTaSIJ1nIa OJInBrHa, H3BJICIeHHOr>
H8 aaMaaa ((])OTO); e - nceB xoTeTparoHaJIhHLHh (16JIHH HpnCTa:IJla oJ1nBnHa, BHJJ1O=IeBHoro B aJIMa3. C JIe-
BOA1 CTOpOHLI HpHCTaJIJIa BlJI11hI 'IepnLIe nHTna. IfeTH0 Bh[paHleH CHMMeTpn*11IL1R y3Op J[ BynpeJloMJIeBHn B
a:IMaae B(1Hpyr BH JIloIe111111 (q)OTO)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Cuiizeiurnu+ieexue u suueehemutecsue ahnloue>ur~ a xpucma.2nax a.anlaaa 105
'lepHbiMll 11 He HpOCBe'IIIBaIOTCH. IIHTHa XapaRTepHbl TOJIbRO AJIH BKJHWIe-
1HIIE OJIIIBIIHa n MoryT 6bITb 0 HIIM 113 AHarHOCTH'IeCKHX IIpH3HaHOB 3TOr0 MH-
HepaJla B aJIMa3ax. B I10JIHp113aIunOHHOM MHKpoCKOIIe, HpH CKpeujeHHEIX HH-
HOJIHX, OJIHBIIHLI B aJIMa3e o6Hapy,KHBaIOT, f BbICOKHe I;BeTa IIHTep4)epeHIgHOH-
HOH oHpacHn, 06bT'IHO OT'IeTJIIIBO BIIAHble Ha cepoM HJIll TeMHOM ())oHe aJIMa3a,
Hpo1BJIHIOIIierO pa3JIH'IHble y30pLI AByIIpeJIOMJIeHHH Bol(pyr BKJEEo'IeHl1. IIpH
pa3Apo6JIeHIIH aJIMa3a KpllcTaJIJIHKH OJIHBHHa JEerHo ocBo6o11 aIOTCH, HpH-
'IeM B aJIMa3e HaOJIEOgaeTCEI OT'ECTJIHBIIii oTHe'IaTOK rpaHel-l OJIIIBIIHa. B pa3-
Apo6JIeHHOii Macce aama3a aepHa 0JIIIB14Ha XOpOIHO 3aMeTIIbI HOA MIIKpocHOHOM
II
11 CK
p
pe1;eI1HLIX HHKOJIEIX H MoryT
6bITb 6e3 TAyAa oTo6paHbl. 06b1*IHO HpH
0CTOpOHCHOM Ap06JIeIIIII1 Kp1ICTa.IJIHKH
OJHIBHHa OCB060?H alOTCH OT aJIMa3a,
coxpaHHH I[eJIHKOM CBOIO ( )opMy, 'ITO
AaeT B03MOHCHOCTb 113y'IIITb HX 11IOp()O-
JIOrH'IeCKH 11 B HeROTOpLIX cJly'Ianx,
HpH xopoiueii orpalixe KpICTaJIJIIIKa,
3aMepHTb ero Ha roHIIOMeTpe.
HepeAKO H3oMeTpH-IHble HJ11I yAJHI-
HeHHble KpICTaJIJIHKH OJIHBHHa B aJIMa-
3aX HMeIOT IICeBAOTeTparOHaJIbHbIH o6-
JIHK. IOTOrpa(IHH 0 iioro 113 TaKHX
BKJIIO'IeHII11, HaxoAHHgerocH B ypaab-
cxoM aJIMa3e, HpHBeAeHa Ha pne. 1, e. Puc. 2. I{pHCTaIlJIIII; OJIIIBHHa
HHorga BCTpe'IalOTCH KplICTaJIJIHKH 113 ypaJlbCHOro aJIMa3a (c OTO)
OJIHBHHa, yAJIHHeHHble He no ocii C,
a B HanpaBJIeHHH OCH 11pH3MbI (021); Talule KpIICTaJIJIbM oJIHBHHa HMeIOT I(OCOe
IIOracaHIIe OTHOCHTeJIbHO OCH yAJIIIHeHHH, 'ITO CJIeJyeT HMeTb B BHAy IIpH
HAeIITH())I1KagHH BKJIEo'IeHHII. Hojo6Hbiii CJEy'IaI3 yxce ofHCaJIH AJIH 0AHOro
BKJIEO'IelIIIH OJIHBHHa B aJIMa3e MIITHeJIJI H THapAHHH (1953).
HpuBegeM AaI1Hble HCCJICAOBa}IHH xapalcTepxoro BKJIIO'IeHIIH OJEHBHHa, 113-
BJIe'IellHoro 143 ypaJlbcKoro aJlbla3a (pnc. 2). BKJllo'IeHHe HMeeT HCHO BbEpa-
xceHHyIO KpIICTaJIJIIE'ieciyIo (JOpMy. FOH11OMeTpu'Iec1HM 113MepeHHeM ycTaHo-
BJIeHbl rpaHH (110), (010), (021) II (111). HeKOTOpble pe6pa KpICTaJIJIIIKa OK-
pyrJleHbl H KaR 6b1 onJIaBJIenbI, 'ITO 06bI'IHO Ha6JHoAaeTCH Ha KplCTaJIJIHKax
it ApyrHX MHHepaJIOB, BKJIIO'IeHHbIX B aJIMa3.
B pe3yJlbTaTe peHTreHOCTpylTypHbIX IICCJIeAOBaHHIi1 3TOr0 KpHCTaJIJIa IIO-
JIy'IeHbl rlapaMeTpbl peHIeTKH: ao = 5,983?0,010 kX; bo = 4,69 ?0,065 kX;
co = 10,230?0,034 kX, KoTOpble COOTBeTCTByIOT 3TaJIOHHbIM 3Ha'IeHII5iM,
IIp11BOAHMbIM B CHpaBO'EHIIKe IHTpyH1 a (1957) AJIH OJIIIBIIHa n cf opcTepnTa.
HoKa3aTejIH IIpeJIOMJIeHHH MHHepaJla, oIIpeAeJIeIdHble IIMMepCHOHHIIM Me-
ToAoM, oxa3aJHlcb paBHbIMH: Ng = 1,688 - 1,690; Np = 1,651-1,654;
Ng - Np = 0,035-0,036; 2 V oxo.lo 90?.
CIIeiTpaJlbuMMM aHaiTH3oM yCTaHOBJIeHbl Si,, Mg, Fe II CJIeAm Al.
Bce IIp1BeAeHHLIe BbIIIIe AaHHble 1103BOJIHIOT C'IIITaTb BKJIIO'IeHHe OJIHBH-
11oB1, 6JIH3KIIM H I opCTepIITy.
F oJIe6aHJIH HOKa3aTeJIeii HpeJloMJIeHIIH, OHpeAeJIeII x Ho 111HOFHM 3ep-
HaM OJIIIBIIHOB, H3BJIe'EeHHbIX H3 pa3JIH'IHbIX KpHCTaJIJIOB aJIMa3a, Ha6JIIoAa-
JIHCb B cJIeAyIo>nHx HpeAeJrax: Ng = 1,688-1,698 H Np = 1,651 - 1,658.
I{poMe Si, Mg, Fe H Al, B OAHOM H3 OJIIIB14HOB H3 cH6Hpcxoro aJiMa3a
1 4aHHue o HapaMeTpax penleTJUi 07IHBHHa, a Taume HpHBORHMMIe HH1ICe g an rpaaa-
TOB H XpOMIHHHHCJIHAa, H3BJIe'eHIIiIX 113 aJIMa3a, yHa3hrBaI0TCJI 110 3aMepaM C. 11. (1)y
TepreHAJlep.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
1'11C. 3. B :Iao1ICUna rpaHaTa ]I a Ir7a3C.
1{ - I{ ~,HC.Ta.IJlllli^ I'1 aIUITa 11 aJIMaae (QIOTO); 6 - Ile I IpaI ITJl I,IIiaIT yJl.1171fCI I Hasa (DopMa HpH-
(TaJIJIHROH rpaHaTa, ISIc iio'ICIIHIIX B a.IMa3 (()1OTu); k -- l OM('.Tp11'Hlblii it YgilmIleIIH6111
H pHCTa.l J1111ill I'p 111,1I'a IS a.IMa3C. B IIJ11Ib1 TpC111,11111,1 i ulipyr I11iJii('IeH 1117, [TIaCTH'111o 3aTeM-
HCHHIde B (13H311 C I'pal(1HT1u Ia1(Hei1 ((FOTO); 2 - IC ;EC 3RJI IO4('1111H rpallaTa (pa3MepH1 ylia-
:JaHl.1 H 11711Jl II It''IIas, :taiIIICOH a); l) - aJIMa3 C llli.IIO'ICIIHHMII N("II;1I\ Ii pH(',Tae1JIHI((IH
OJ111111111a It l'1I IIIlTC:lhlln IipyIIHOrO HpIi(7aiIJIa rpaHaTa (3apf('Omia)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
(pOCCbllib KoJIx0:3Iiaii., p. Bii iiOii) CHeI;TpOCI;OHngeci Ii 6ii in VCTaIIOBJIeHhI
cjieAbi Cr II Ni.
13 K JI to it c 1111 [I r p a II it T a. FpaiaTbt B aJHMaaax HHOrAa BCTpe-
'[aIOTCH 13 131IAC 1I30MeTp11iIHbIX KpIICTHJIJIOB C XOpomU 11bIpa5KeII1Ib1MH OTACJIb-
IlbIMt1 rpaIIHMII, 110 11,11[,e B BHrT1C yAJ1HIIleHH1,Ix, HCHpaB1i IbHblx 1I0 o'IepTalmlo
Kp11CTaJIJ1IIROB, liai10MiliIaioukiix 110 BHCITHHCMV Bll;k~' HepexcaTble KaHJ1CBH;1,-
11610 30plla 1I rai1Te.'IC06pa31Ibie (~opMhI (pIle. 3). XapaKTepllo IIaJin'iie
HITpIIXOBH I1 ila iq)IICTa:[JIiiHax rpallaTa 13 C1131311 CO CTYHCit,iaTO-TI:IiICTIIIIIIll'l,IAI
Fiic. 4. YII 1ou[euithJ Q IcpllcTaTu1Bx rpallaTa,
ll3Bj1e'Ielllib[i 1I3 a.IMa3a (3ap11C013Ra)
'CTI)Oe1111CM IICKOTOpbIX I'pallo31. FpaHIaTIA, Tali +e 1;aE ii OJI1IBI11Ib1, 13CTpe,ialOT-
C11 l';klllill'illII.\IHI KpltCTa.'IIHIHaMlt, it IIIIOI'J,,a B 1311AC MHOrogIt1CJIeiHIMx, pa3Jllln-
tu,ix no pa311Cpy 3Cpe11, pacccsuuibix BHY'rpll KpHCTaJIJia aJiMa3a. Hpli cKpe-
Ige111161X II111;OJ1Hx, 13 IIO.IIHp11:3oBHHIlOM cBeTC, rpHIJHTbl B aJIMa3e OCTaIOTCH
TCMIIhiMII1, 110 aJIMa3 06b1`HIO CiiJibllO AByHpCJI0MJI1ICT CaM BOKpyI' I3K.Tiione-
1I11H 11 :)TO lnior,Sa MachHpyeT 113oTpOIIHOCTb rpallaTa. Hpli pa3Apo6:reHHH aJI-
Maaa rpal1HTb1 JJOUHCO OCBO6o5K;aIOTCH, II i1epPAKO ygaeTCH 113B.1011b 1kCJIble
1;plICTHJIJIIIKII, KOTOE)ble Jlel'HO OTOHpalOTCH 113 6CCIIBOTHOII aJIMa:3HOII Kp01HKH
IICJI0 CTBIIC 11X oHpacK11. Haxo;k}IB1,IledH ii aJIMaae rpaiiaTbi HHOrAa I;a?KyTCH
6('CII,BeTIl1,i iI1, 110 Haute ooilapy?KHBaIOT IIBCTHOH pe(JICKC 3OJIOTIICTO-?KCJITOr0,
opail?KoB01'o, po3o13aT0-(()I10JHCTOI30I'O It TlII,-lOBOI'O TOlia. HOC IC 113BJIe'IeHHH
I'paTIaTOB 113 a.'lMa3a 11N'T('M pa3;r,po6JIeHHH IIOCJIejiiCI'O oKpaCKa lix CTaHOBHTCH
xopomo 3aMeTiioii.
Ha pile. 4 Hptntoi eiia 3ap11coBKa oAiioro KpuCTaJIJIIIKa rpallaTa, H3BJIe-
tleitiloro 1I3 c116itpeeoro aamaaa. FpaliaT ryCTO of;pameii B 6ypoBaTO-?KeJITbI13
1[B0T 11 o6JIa;[aeT o'10Hb CHJLbllb1M 6JIee1i0M. q)OpMa KpiCTa:IJ1HKa - poi6o-
AOACItH3Ap, yAJIl1HCHHbIIi HO L4li yfJro1ITeHHLIIi HO L2. HeI;OTOpble rpalHl 3ep-
KaJibno-rJ1aAKne, iia Apyrllx HMeeTCH IHTpiiXOBKa. HapnAy C OCTpbIMH pe6-
paNIH HMOIOTC I OKpyr.IbTe, rai 6m oHJiaBJIeHHble. HOCTOHIIHaH pemeTKII rpa-
MITa a = 11,508; 0,0351:X. HoHa3aTeJIb HpeJIOMJIemHIH, onpeACJIeHHblfl B cne-
1AHaJlbxo HoAo6paaHbIx ?KIIAKOCTHX,- 1,772 (CpeAmII1 Me?xAy 1,7708 it 1,7732).
CIIeKTpa,IIbIIbIM ailaJI1130M YCTarIOBJIeiIbI Mb, Fe, Al H Si. 3TH ;[aimbie 1103B0-
JIHIOT OTHeCTII rpanaT K nll.paJIbcnIiT0BOMy pcAy. HOJIb3yJlCb AHarpaMMofi
17111 onpejeJremin cocTaBa rpanaTOB, npeAJlo?KellxoH rpyriiioii aBTOpOB (MH-
x('CB It Ap., 1956), M0M H0 COCTaB HccJleAoBaHHoro rpallaTa npi6.IH311TeJIbHo
BbIpa3HTb C.IIeAy1o1rrHM COOTHOHIeHHeM OTAeJlbIIbIX KOMHOHelITOB (C TWIHOCThIO
3-5%): HHpona - 37%0, aJHbiallAnna + cnecapTnlla - 53% It rpoccy:lH-
pa f- all;kpaAiiTa - 10%.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
KaK BHAHO, B rpaHaTO Hpeo6JlaJ{aeT aJIbMaHg1II1oBall CoCTaBJ1HIOH[all..
CorJiacHO Aa1IHbIM H. H. CapcaAcKIIx it M. A. FHOBymeBa (Bo6pueBH'i H
np., 1957), HCCJ3eAOBaBIIIHX 1HpOHbI 113 CIi6HpGKHX KHM6epJIHTOB, HoHa3aTeJIH
upeJIOMJIeHHH IIHpona paCTYT C 1IO13bIHI0HHeM HHTeIICHBHOCTH oHpaCKH or
1,733-1,735 J~o 1,764 - 1,767. Mai CHMaJ1bIIbI1l HOKa3aTOJIb IIpeJIOMJieHIIII -
1,767 yCTaiiaBJIHBaeTCH y 1111p0HOB, IIHTCHCHBHO oHpalleHHLIX B TeMHO-Kpac-
HbIH H opaHSKeBbII3 ABeT.
I'pauaT, I13BJIe'IeHHbIYl 113 aJiMa3a 11 H306pa?KeHIIbtI4 Ha puC. 4, HMeeT HoKa-
3aTCJlb lipeJIOMJIe1IHH 1,772 , T. e. 311a'uITeJIbHo 6oJiee BbICOKHII, '1011 y HHTeH-
CHBIIO OKpalueHHblx HHpOHOB 113 KlM6epJI1ITa, H, O'IeBIIAHO, HO CBOCMy CO-
CTaBy 11 CBOHCTBaM MO?KeT 6bITb HaaBali MaFIIe3HaJIbHbIM aJlhlliaHjH110M, 'IeMy
COOTBeTCTByeT 11 HocTOHHHaJ penieTlca 3TOro rpaHaTa (41,508--0,035 kX).
HoKa3aTeJIH HpeJIOMJ1eHHH 143 J[CCHTH 3aMepOB y rpauaTOB, 113B.iie'leHHbix
113 pa3JIH'IHbIX KpHCTaJIJIOB aJIMa3a, IZOJIe6aJllicb OT 1,761 go 1,780. MlulU-
MaJiblibIH HapaMeTp pemeTKII H3 IHeCT1I 113MIOpeHUII paReii 11,4894-0,009 I:X,
MaucIMaJlbubliz -11,821--x-0,09 kX.
IIoHa3aTeJIb Hpe3IoMJIeHHH 1,761 HMOIOT oxpauiellIlbie B ?KeJITOBaTblii IlBeT
rpalIaTbl, KOTOpble, corJiacHo BHH'IeJIJiy (1949), MO?KHO C'IHTaTb pOJAOJIIITOM
(?KeJIe3HCTbIM HHpOHOM).
OTHOC11TeJIbHO BbICOKHe uoKa3aTe.rul ripe.io ieHiiii it 60JlbHIHe IlapaMCTpbI
peuleTKll y HeHOTOpbIX rpaHaTOB 113 aJIMa3OB, B03M05KH0, 06yCJI0BJIOHbI 060-
rameHlleM HX CaO H FeO. He3Ha'IIITeJIbl1ble KOJIHgeCTBa MaTepHaJla 110 1103-
BOJIHJIII CJ),eJIaTb XHMll'IeCKHH allaJIH3 rpallaTOB H3 aJIMa3a, HpiIHIJIOCb Ol'pa-
IIH'MHTbCIl JuliIb Ka'IeCTBeHHbIM CHeRTpaJIbiibIM aHaJIU30M, pe3YJ1bTaTbI KOTOpO-
r0 HpHI30gCHbI BbIHIe.
B IC it to 'i e it II H X P 0 M 111 II II H e JI 11 J[ a. XpOMIUHHHeJIHJ]; BCTpe-
'IaeTCH B aJIMa3aX HeCICOJIbuo 'IauIe, 'lent OJIIIBHH It rpaHaT,- uuorJ;a B BIIJAO
paCCeHHIILIX BICJiio'ie inII 110 10-20 IIIT. B OJ>;HOM KpiCTaJIJIe aJIMa3a, 'IaIge -
B BHJ(e eJ[HHU'IHbix 3epeH. Pa3Mep KpICTaJIJIHIiOB XpOMH1HHHeJ11U KOJIe6JIeT-
CH B HIHpOK11X HpeAeJiax - OT 1 MM AO MOJIb'IafhuuX 3epeH, eJABa 3aMeTIIbIX
HpH 60JIbIlIOM yBeJIH'IeHHH HoA MHKpoCKOHOM. RpHCTa.IJlorpa(lu'IecHan IIop-
Ma BKJi1O'IeHHH, Rail HpaBHJIO, Bblpa?KCHa HeaCHO, 11 YJIOBHTb CXOACTBO C OK-
Ta3ApOM 'IaCTO COBeptue HO He ygaeTCH. Ha6JIioj a1oTCH yuJIOII[eHHbie no L3 Ii
y)?SJIHHeHHble II0 L2 OCTpope6epllble OKTa9ApbI C AOHOJIHHTeJIbHbIM11 pe6pa-
M11 Ha BepiHHHax, no Tart e - CJIO?KHO Ae4opMHpOBaHHb1e OKTa3gpn'IecKiie
KpIICTaJIJIHKH C HpHTynJIeHHbIMH BepHiHHaMH H pe6paMH Hatt xce raHTeJIeo6-
pa3llble, KaHJIeBHRHble H 3epxa 6oJiee CJIO?KHOII c)OpMbi, Kau H y rpauaTOB
(pnc. 5).
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BHyTpH, 06bI'IHO He OCBo6o11cpaIOTCH OT aJIMa3a B CBH3I1 C TeCHbIM CpaCTaHHeM
HJlociocTeii (111) xpoMIHHIIHeJIHJ1,a C HJIOCKOCTHMH (111) aJIMa3a. FpaHU He-
KoTOpbIX KpHCTaJ1J1HKOB xpoMHIHHHeJIHAa, Talc ?Ke KaK 11 BKJIlo'IeHHyI rpaHaTa,
HMOIOT CTyleH'IaTO-HJIaCTHH'IaTOe CTpOeHHe, B CB31311 C 'IeM B HeIOTOpbIX CJIy-
'IaHX BbIFJIHAHT 3amITpHXOBaHHbIM14. Ha6JIIOgaIOTCH H3OMeTpH'1Hble McJilHe 3ep-
HbIHIKH, HOXO?KHe Ha ulapuEn.
HpH Ha6JIIOj(eHHH B 6HHOlcyJIHpHyIO Jiylly HpH CIIJIb1IOM ociielueIIHH 11o a
1l OMKH KpHCTaJ1JIHKOB xpOMHIHHHeJiHAa B pa3JIH'iHOIi cTeueHH 1IpOCBe'IHBa1OT
Kopil'IUeBaTbiM H 6ypOBaTO-BHIHHeBbIM I>,BeTOM.
Aim J];eTaJIbHOrO 11CCJIegOBaHHH BKJilo'Ieim11I1 xpommiumeJIHJ;a 6bIJIo paa-
Apo6JleHo HOCKOJIbKO aJIMa30B. PeHTreHOCTpyKTypHbuMI1 ICCJIeJJ;OBauunMH OJ--
HOPO H3 OCKOJIKOB ypaJIbcHoro aJiMa3a c HaXOAHU);HMCH BHyTpH TCMIIbIM lcpH-
CTaJIJIHKOM 6blJia yCTaHOBJICHa Hp11HaAJIeHCHOCTb BKJIIO'IeHHH K Ky6H'iecKOH
CHHPOHUH H 3aMepeHa HOCT0HHHa5 ero pemeTKuI, IOTOpah oua3aJiaCb paBHOH
8,270+0,009 kX.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
fi
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II1I11 I;I)HCTaJI:111H xp(MIIIII1I11CJ1IIJI3 B ajlMa3C ((IIOTO); 2 - TO me BHJUO9CHIIC (pa3MCphl B MIIJIJ111MCTPax,
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(3aPHCOBHa)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
,J111 BbIaCHeIIIIH XIIMH'IeCUOrO cocTaBa BI;JIIO'ICIHIIH BHa'iaJie 6LIJl c,i(eJIan
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KOTOpbIii BLIHBIIJI HplCyTCTIIIIO cJleJjyIou iix 3JIeMeHTOB: C (ocxoBa), Si (He-
ooJlbBloe KoJIHgecTBO), Al (MaJIO), Mg (HplCyTCTByeT), Fe it Ca (cjiegbl). 3a-
Te11I 6blJlll Bp0aHaJlIl311POBaHbI ;1,13a oc ojiua 3TOro ?Ke ajima3a C BKJIIO'ICHHHMII
3epell TeMHoro py;lHOr0 MHilepaJla, B Pe3YJIbTaTe 'iero JjOHOJIHHTeJIbHO K yHa-
3aHHbIM 3JICMCHTaM 6b1JIH OT'IeTJITIBO yCTaHOBJICHLI JIHHHH Fe, Cr H Ni.
B 0 Il0M H1:3 C116HpCHHX aJIMa3oB TeMHOe pyJjnoe BKJII0'Ie1HHe, BbIXOJ I1BHICe
Ha CH;OJie iiapy?Hy, 6bIJio IICCJIeJjOBaHo 3. M. CBepJjJIOBbIM MHKpOCHeHTpaJIb-
HbIM McTOTkOM, B pe3yJlbTaTe 'Zero 6bIJIH 3a4)HHCIIpOBaIIbI JIHHHH Fe, Cr it Al.
D111Kpoxu M1I'iecI;H11I aliaJ11I30M TOFO ?Ke pyJJ;HOPO MHHepaJIa B. H. HoHoHJie-
130ii yCTa11OBJiclibI Fe, Cr, Al H Ca. HOCTOHHHaJ peileTKil 3TOrO BI;JIIO'ICHIISI
oia3aJlacb paiilloll 8,269+0,006 kX. HOKa3aTeJHI BpeJHoiIIJHeHHH HCCHOJILKBx
TCMIIIAX py;jllblX 3Cpe1i H3 pa3Jlll'IHLIX HpIIcTaJIJIOB aJIMa3a HOJIC6JIIOTCII OT
2,00 ;jo 2,11.
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HIOro B11Jja BHJIIO'IeHH1i K rpylllie XpoMBIHHHeJIIIJja, H TO'IHee, corilacIio lix
XH111II'1CCKOMy COCTaBy H IIOCTOHIHHOii pemeTKB,- H xpoMHHHOTHTy.
B IK JI to i e it H H a JI M a 3 a. RpoMe OJIIIBIIHa, rpaiiaTa it xpoMHIHH-
HCJ1HAa, B BIi C BIHYTPCIIHIIX CHHreHieTH'IeCKHX B1;JHIO'IC11IIII B aJIMa3aX BCrpe-
,ia1OT01 60Jiee McJ1I;1I0 IipHCTaJIJIHKII caIHX a.IMa30B. Bo BCCX Ha6JIloJjaBJ11HXC1I
c:iy'iasix B1;JIlO1IeHHLIe KpIICT3JIJIHI:H amia3a HMeJ1I1 4)OpMy OKTa3JjPOB C OCT-
pLHHI pe6pal,HH. HIHOrJja Ha6JIIOJ1aJIHCb II3oMeTpu'IeCH1Ie OKTaa pm, Iio laiiie
01111 6bIJ111 ylJ1OI1 eHbl 1HJ1H 6o:Hee CJIO)HHO Jje(opMHpOBaHLi. 06bH'IHo c O iioii
CTOpOHbl lil)I1CTaJ1JIHI; BKJIIO'ICIIIIOrO aJIMa3a lIMeJI CJIO?I;HLIe IICPOBHLIO 1I0BepX-
11OCT31, IIaiio iiiBa10I1jie c1;OJI, a c i,pyroii CTOPOHbI - HCHO Bbipa?HeHHyio oK-
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CMOTpeHllblx 11aMIl o6pa34013 BKJIIO'ICHHH aJHMa30B BcerJja 6LIJIH IlpejcTaITJlexbl
ocTpopeGepHbiMH 0HTa3 [paMH, IIHOPJja c HJIacTIIH'IaTbIMII rpaimmiI, ]10 HH
pa3y lie 6b1J10 BcTpe'ie1HO BHJIHO'iCHIIe aJiMa3a xapaKTepuoii JjJIH ero B1)11CTaJ1-
J10I1 O1;pyrJiOIl c opIb1 (JjOJjel;a3,'jpoiI a HJIH OKTaaipoIT a). Ha6JIHoJ[a:r1ICb cJ1y-
'lail, iiorJja 'iaCTb BKJIIO'ICHHOro aJHMa3a imixoJ[HJIa iia HOI3ePXHOCTb B KaBepile
TpaBJIeHBH. Hp11 3TOM Ha BCKl)1lTOIi CTOpOHC B1;JIIO'HeIIIHOrO I;pHCTaJHJla liMe-
JIiICb 3JICIHCIITLI Oi;pyrJIOcT11, TOTJja I;3K CKpLIT3H B aJIMa3e 'IacTb HpeJkcT3RJIH
JHa co6oii ocTpope6epxblii o1;Ta3Jjp. TaKoro pola ((amw, HapB,gy c IjeJIbIM p11-
,j0M 7jpjTr31X HpIi3HaROB, 110;[p06iio yKa3allHbix A. A. KyxapeHHO (1954) H
K). "I. Op:IOBLHMI (1959), Cli1l eTe:ILCTByIOT 11 H0JIL3y IIpe,TSCTawiciiiHi1 of o6pa-
3 0 113 111 111 OKpyr."IbIX KpIICTaJ1JIOB aJIMa3a B HPOIjeCCe paCTBOpexi1ST lIJHOCxO-
1'paI111LIX I;pHCTaJ1JIOB, Kal; 3T0 IIpeAHOJJaraJIII A. B. (DepcMaH it B. TO.ribJ[-
IIIMIIJIT (1911).
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6J1Io aeTCH rpa(IIITOBalI HJHeIIHa, HHOrjja IjeJIHHOM HoKpbIBaloT1 an Bee rpa1111
BI;J110'Helluoro OKTa3Jjpa aJHMa3a. TaiOro B1Iga BKJIIO'IeHIIH MoryT 6bITb Jierio
11p1IHHTbI 3a oKTa3ApbI pyJl;Hblx MHHepaJloB (XpOMHTa HJIH MarxeTHTa).
He nleiiee HHTepeCHy1O rpynHy MHHepaJIOB cocTaBJIxuoT amireleTli'IecKHC
BKJIIOW11111 B KpIICTaJIJIaX aJlMa3a, o6pa3y1O1I[IIeCH pa3JIH'HHbIM o6pa3OM_
113 3IIII1CIIeTH'IOCH14X BKJIIO'ieHHii B aJIMa3ax yCTa11OBJIct1b1 rpal(l1IT, Cep1IeH-
Tln1, l;Baplj it rl1 OOKHCJILI ?HeJIe3a.
B K JI 10 It e H II Ii r p a ( H T a. Fpac IIT HBJIIIeTCH Han6o:iee 'iacTO
BCTpe'IaIOnl,IIMCIT BKJ owliHeM B HPIICTaJIJIax aJmlaaa. XapaiTep HponBJienHH
I'pa(1)IITa B aJHMa3ax pa3H1oo6pa3eii, HO BO BCeX oT111e'Ie1HILIx CJiy'IaHx OH nB-
JIACTCIL 3BilreHeT11HOCKIIM o6pa3oBaHHeM, B03HHI;IHII1M 3a C'IeT IIOJIHMOp(J)-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Cu1tecluncu'emue it aitueette,uu'ecKue 6KfW CHaft e npucma.iaax an.alaaa 111'.
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ajIMa:ia, nOTOpble Owe 603 11CIc:I1O'IellIIH) lIpeRcTaBJIHIOT co6oii iI0JHICi1IITeTII-
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lilIKalOii iix 1301ipyr BiRJIIO'IeHllll, lid 1IJIOCUOCTHX 1B0IIIHInoBannn H T. it. ")TOT
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IICOlIJ OMOiO)o3 110 Rp1ICTaJIJIIIKaM OJIllBH11a BCTpOMeHb1 HaMn 13 11eC$OJIbKHX.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
1'iic. 6. Bi;moBetixx rpaJIITa B anMaae.
n - uncn rpa(IHTa BoRpyr npoapavnoro BnntovenIH B aanmaae ((DoTO); 6 - anCH rpa(PHTa
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B IHAe neneCTnoB no pataoBHnvaTttm Tpeautnnam Bonpyr nplCTaxnHna xpommnnneanAa B
aama3e ((POTO); - TO me, aapncoBH I
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
C we' Ilew? 41'l('c)l U(' it 371(l~'Plll illU4CCh7lIC~GRJl7O'1('H 11 C XJ)UCIR(7.7.7Ua 1134403(1 111
it I
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110 ISC(III BepO}lTI}OCTII, Ta1;tEe HBJI}1}OT01 BT0j)II'IHblAlII MIIHepa.IaM11, pa3BHBaIO-
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I('IV'II1C i;o1ItO1l01IT1,1 MOrJ1It Hp0HIII;IIyTb 13
11:IMa3 110 DHIHpOCHOILII'ICCK11M TpeI11;HHIiaM
11 II3MCIIBTb itep13Olta'laJlblible u1i II0'leHH}L
u.iiiu1111a it rpaiiaTa. U 1103MOa-tIIOCTH o61Ia-
1)pEell11}1 lle3a\[CTllblx iipit 06bI'IIIOM IIpO-
('Mo'lpeTI)CU 11 It 13lipllCTa IJlax aJI11103a c1;a3aio
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oHIICJI013 d CJIe3a.
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CSI AIVTI1013a'1'0 3C~1el1013a'PbIMLI, 1leIIp03pa'IHbI-
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;lISyx 3ep(111 ceptio11TIlHa 113 a:1Ma3a, oIla3a.TIHCI,
paBllblyHI X(11 = 1,570 It \p = 1,559 - 9,560.
B 1:: t to it e it it }I I; it a p i a. Cpe;pt
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p8.]l)CllllTOHOii rpyllllbl.
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:I1I10'I'CH 11aHU01LCe pacHpOCTp3loll 11,111 131;;1H)'IClnICII B 11:1'(11311\. 1'311100 01111
Ill' yli31i1l11a.allCb 181; 'HICTO l1CTIft"MO\1610 BIi: 110'1OHHf1, Tali EM; IIX 1)0'1'171 11CC-
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liill11111 [ir:I10'ICIlltll IIHpoibCCllbt 13 11;1\ta311X 118\111 110 01,1.111 BC'1)040II1,3. 1311:1bf1\IC
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HIIV'rpll 1:.111331. 11\1 ;r0 OIIHCallbr ('pOCTIII XpoII:pio11cH;(il C l;I\la3oM. CJTTOIT
\Ra36lBaOT H py;ltulCC (I)OOpCJ[0;I 0;111'- Ili1X0Ary 11.111\111311 c \uu)r0'ulc;leHlr1,1\nI
3CI0111,r\u[ BI;;l1O'1CIIIl)1\111, HOT0p1,I0 Olt OTlleC R X1)0\[1HO11C11HO;(1111110 HO-
;IOOliOe I3 r;]I0'ICI1110, 110 T3liirl' 60:3 TO'IIl1,IX OIIp0;l0.JIeIHl11, OLCro y1ia3a110
I 11111 i0I/ 10 p;lCI1IOCTp;I I IOIllIOCT), O:r110I11r8 13 IO;Iili0ll )IUIli8IIC611.1' i1d1llal3UT 110;1TI3Cp-
II pilll0T IX \IIIT'1(':1:1;( ll I'll ilp;IIHII3 (15)53).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Al. A. Y11CBy1Il('Bb1M B pa60Te eAJ1iia3bl Cuullpli). 0`1e1311 ,1110, XpOM;IIIO1IC11il
BCTp( IaCTCB liaR IlKJllo'lelille B aJ1Ma3, 110 3Ha'IIfl'eJb110 pehie, 'IeM 0J111BH11,
rpallaTbil 11 xpOMBH1i11ICJ111J1;.
lip11B0ReM BbiJkep>lcliy 113 O11I1ca11HSI C3TTOIIOM (1928) BKJIIO'IeHliil Hllpoace-
110B It 10AMOa0)pliRalIcliHX ajIMaaax. (OHpe}'1;CJIIITb Iix He BCerJ13 a 6blBaeT JICFKO
I)11,1ijy TOFO, TO OOJIbB11111CTB0 13KJI10'ICIIIIii, 3aKJ11O IeHI bIX B TpeluIIHOBaTbie
IIo130pXlIOCTII, 1iafiAoito 6blJlo JIIiillb IIOCJIC TOFO, E R KpIICTa.'IJ1M aJlMa3a 6bIJIH
oopa6oTallbi JIJIaBHKO13o11 KIICJIOTO11 11 Kor qa OCTa13aJIOCb 1IC60JIb11100 IiOJIHTIC-
CT13O l1X nepltolia'IaJlblloro 130I11,eCTBa (T. C. BelgeCTBA BKJIIO'ICIIIIA.- 10. 0.).
XpoMOBbII1 J[31OnCl1J( oHpe,10:I510TCH, o i aKO, IiaK rpH3I10e IIIITHO B 1CplCTaJJIe
aJIMa3a... 143 ;IpyrlX 3CJICHbIX 111IpoICCellOB B03M0?KHb1 131hJi0'Iel-1HSI aBl'IlTa
11 aIICT(ITIlTa)) (CTp. 41 2).
KaE BIIJk11O 113 BTOFO oHiiCali1i, B IlelioTOpbIX CJly'ianx III1policel1bI ObIJIll
BCTpeTICllbi 13 Bll;ke CpOCTlCOB C aJIMa:3OM, a IIC Kali 131IyTpeIIIllle BIiJIIO'ICIoin.
Ilal l3X-JI3160 TO'IliblX gallnbiX O CBoiiCTBax iiiipoiccenoit B aJlMa3ax 1111ICTO HC
1IpiI1tOJ1,IiT. HO(16xoJ1,1IDio IIpoimi3eCT11 J- U'TaJIbllbie 1ICCJICJ1,013auna B JIIO'LeHIIH,
OTIIOCIIMLIX K II11pOKCCIIaM, 'ITOObI C111ITaTb Ilx oIIpeJkeJCIiIIO yCTatimmeHIibiMli.
1A 11 p Ii 0 IL l iipicoll, HE MIIHCpaJI, BCTpe'IaCMbIn it BhJ1e ilRJlo'ICIIni
it aira3ax, AKaabIBaeTCA I,niorlrniII aBTOpaMJI. O inaISo 13 MollOrpa(J)HHX CaT-
T'olla H BiiJILHMca o6 aTOM FOBOp1ITCA 110J{OCTaTO'I110 olpe;keJ1e1HIO. CaTTOH
111I1I10T: ((LcTb OC11OBalI1IIl IIpejIIOJIaI'aTb, 'iT0 IJIIpKO11 HBJIIIOTCH BKJIIOTIeHIIOM,
XOTA It pOJ1,1aI1\I. HecICOJbTco 3epell B;BCTa Koplll[bI, E011011110, MOryT OICa3aTbC9
illipll'OHOM, it 110 rpallaTOM. BKJIIO'ICIIIIH I!BeTa Me a MO1'yT oKa3aTbCH 11,11p1CO-
lI0AL ]u111 aJ114a30m> (1928, CTp. 11). B03 npHBOJ),01[IISI IialiItX-JIISOO KOIICTaI1T,
co CCbIJIKOII na IIpeJ);b1JAyH>,11X 1ICCJ1eAOBaTeJIei , o I1,Hph0IIe K iI 0 B RJIOiO1111II
it aJ1Ma3e ynonjuHa:i it Bli.iwimc (1932). OH I1pIIBOJA11T O)OTOrpa(l1I1 OTIC1lb
1111TepeCIIbIX BKJIIO'IelilliI, KOTOpb10 B 110JuTpII3oBaB1IoM CBeTC 061lapyiKli-
BaloT 11CIIOe JJ,ByI1peJIOMJL'IIIIe It BbICOKHO I1,BOTa 1IH'rcp(Iep0I11kII11, 'ITO li
nocuiy?K11J1o oclloitaliilen lipe;1,11OJ10i1CIITeJIbJiO OTIIOCTII ;TII BIU11OTIC11lI)l K Itlip-
KOlly
9p11rilliaJlbllblO IiCCJICJ1,OBalilIA Ob1J11i I1pO13e,kO1Ibi Ba OJI;HO11 VpaJiI CROB
a'llaae A. A. KyxapeHKo. Ha oCI1oBau1Ill liay'IOH1111 C110KTpa HorJIOIB,ellnll
13 vJlbTpa(j)110JieTOBOli o6JIaCTII, IIOJIy'ICIIIIOPO J.TIA 1[HplO1i013, :3a~KaTb1x MC}K;[y
JtllyMA 11.1IaCT1iliKaM11 aJIMa3a, it CpalllieIIIIA ero CO CIICKTp0M fOl'JIO11l('II S1
13 BTO1i 5KC o6JiaCTiI, iIOJIy'IC1iulbIM OT aJIMa3a c Blz itonciumMn, A. A. Kyxa-
pOH1iO jeJIaCT BbiBOJ1;, 'ITO BKJIIO'Iellliil IIIIJIIIIOTCII I[I1pK01IaMH. BB0CJe;1CT13II~i
i
lloj1;00IIbIl' IICCJI(']jOBaI1H1I ObIJ11I IIpOBCJ~CHbI na CHOIIpCKIlx aJIMa3ax Ff. A. b00-
KOBbIM, liOTOpblli lie noJIy'IHJI yAOBJIeTB0pi1TeJIb1Ib1X pe3yulbTaTOB It Kpi1T11-
1ICCKII OTIIOCCA H npe;AJIoH eH110ii MOTOJ(IIKe.
Kaie II:313CCTIIO, yJlbTpaOCIIOBnbIC 113Bep;Ke1IIIMO ILOpo; bI 110 cpalllielllllo
CO BCCMII JkpyFIIMI1 xpaillle 6e tjIb1 IiIiplioBOM, II cam MIIHepas IJIIpl0II xapal-
TOpOII J>;JIA Marts lI~eJIO'IItorO 11 KIICJIOro pinji,a. 0AliaEO IIpoHBJIe111ie unpl:OHnH
11e B paccenl3HOM cOCTOAIIllli, a 13 BII;ie caMOCTOATOJIbIiOro MIInepaJia II3BeCTIIO
B HOpOJkaX OCIIOBIIOFO 11 yJlbTpaociIoBHOrO COCTai3a. lIMCIOTCH cBe; eI1IIH 0 IIpII-
CyTCTBIIII 1tl1plOl1a B CHOIIpeunX TpaiiIIax; peAHyio allJeccoplIylo BKpBHJICII-
IIOCTb unpxoiia OTMeuBJI A. A. KyxapeHKo B ra66po-,,qiia6aaax aaHajiioro
ciruioHa YpaJ1a it B IIepBCTBOpIIMOM OCTaTKe pnAa IIp06 11:3 HIIpoKceHHTOB it
nCplOJI,OTi1TOB MaCCIIBa Kocnillicloro Kal\iiiii. H313CCTIILI IIOpO11po13b1e BKpall-
JielHIIKII I),IIpKOHa B 6a3aJIbTaX l'epMaHHH (YIIKeuib).
B caunx Iwm6epJIIITax ITnpRO1IbI B 110HOTOpbIx cuiy'ianx B Oo.;ibinoM HO-
JIII'ICCTBC BCTpe'n1iOTCH B Tfl5Ke:iOli (J)paKlnll3i,'ITO OTMC'IaJI, Hanpiumep, BHJb11MC
1 Cy,1II 110 O)OTOI'pa(Jut1I, 11puB03I11M)ii LBIIJIbHMCOM, 111,J110110 HITS, Jia3bIBaeMbIC 11M Illlp-
ROBOM, B JICIICTIBITeJIbtb)CT11 HBJIIIIOTCH OJIIIB11il3M1).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
(1932). OH yua3blBaeT, TO OCHOBHaB Macca IkHpKOHa B KHM6epJIITTax CBH-
3aHa He c pa3JIHtIHbIMII ropxbIMH IIopogaiiH (rpaxHTaMH, CHeHHTaMH, rHeiicaiiu
H I{pHCTaJIJIII'IeCKHMH cJlaHuaMH), KOTOPble HPOPBaHU KHM6epJIIITOBUMII Tpy6-
KaMII, a rJIaBHbIM 06pa3OM C gHpKOHCOAepHfau~HMH IIHpOKCOHHTaMII - pO;j-
CTBOHHbIMH KIIM6epJIIITaM IIopo aMII, BCTpeLIaIOII;HMHCH B BHJ[e I{CeHOJIIITOB B
KHM6epJIHTax. Ho Hapngy C 3THM BHJIbnMC OTMe'IaeT, tiTO B OCHOBHOH -Iacce
caMoro KHM6epJIIITa JJII ROH BCTpeLiaOTCR HCHJIK)PUHTOJIbHO peJ1,KO.
B IIp1BOAHMbIX B JIIITepaTYPe XHMU'IeCKIIX anaJI113ax KHM6epJIlITOB (a4piT-
KaHCHUX, CH6Hpciix H np.) Zr02 He OTMe*iaeTCR.
B CBR311 C OTCyTCTBIIeM oIIpeAeJIeHIIH KOHCTaHT Y BKJIIO'IeHHMX B a1IMa3
MHHepaJIOB, OTHOCIIMbIX pa3JIWIHbIMH aBTOpaMH K IUHpI{OHy, IIPHCYTCTBHe
OFO B KpFICTaJIJIaX aJIMa3a c ieJ{yeT CMHTaTb cOBepmeHHO HeAOKa3aHHbIM.
14CXOAH 1I3 IIpeACTaBJIeHIIII 0 XHMII3Me IIOp1IJ;OTIITOBOrO pacIIJlaBa, B KOTOPOM
IIPO14CXOAHT KpHCTa.IJIH3a111HFI aJIMa3a, ORHOBPeMOHHOe o6pa30Ba1THe IJIIpKo-
Ha H aJTMa3a MbI CLIHTaeM MaJIOBepo1ITHbIM.
MOH{HO yBepeHHo rOBOpHTb, iIT0 3a L IIPKOH tiauie Beero IIpHH1IMaJIIICb KpIIC-
TaJIJIHKII OJIHBIIHa HceBAOTeTparOHaJIbH0F0 06JIHKa u pee - rpaHaTbl
B BIIAe HeCKOJIbIO BbITHIIyTMx IIO ocu L4 poM6OjOgeHaaJ(pIILiecHIIX KpITc-
TaJIJIOB.
T o H a 3. B HacTOfimee BpeMR reHeTHPlecxyIo CBII3b aJIMa3OB c rliIIep6a-
3IITOBOII MarMOH CJIeJ[yeT CLIHTaTb eJ[IIHCTBeHHO onpeAeJIeHHoli. 14exoAH 113
HpeJ[CTaBJIeHHII o6 YCJIOBHRX I{pIICTa.IJI1I3aHIH4 aJIMa3a, Haxo?K eHHe TOHa3a
B BMAe BKJIK)TIeHHH, o6pa3oBaBmeroc5I 0AHOBpeMeHHO C aJIMa3OM, no HameMy
11MHOHIIIO, HeBepORTHO. O'ieBHJ;HO, 3a TOHa3 OmH60'IHO 6bIJI IIPIJH51T KpHCTaJ1-
JIHK OJIIIBIIIIa HJIH rpaHaTa.
P Y T H JI II 6 p y K H T. BKJH0'IeHHe 3TIIX MIIHOpaJIOB B aJIMa3 pa3JIHLIHble
aBTOPbI yKa3bIBaIOT HpeJ;HOJIO?KHTeJIbHO, IIO3TOMY CiHiTaTL PYTIIJI H 6pyl{IIT
yCTaHOBJIeHHbIMH BKJIKI'IeHHFIMH B aJIMa3e HOT OCHOBaHHH.
K B a p g. BKJIIOileHHe Ta6JIHITzlaToro BpOCTKa KBapI[a B 6pa3HJIbcIO1I
aJIMa3e 6LIJ1o omicaHO KOJIOHII (1923), KOTOpEIYI C1IHTaJI, 'TTO KBapq CIIIIre-
HeTII'qeH aJIMa3y, H Ha OCHOBaHHII aTOro BbICKa3bIBaJI MbMCJIb 0 CB513H 6pa3IIJIb-
cHIIx aJIMa30B c KIICJIbIMII IIopoAaMH. I1o3J[Hee 3TH we BKJIJO'IeHHFI HCCJIeJ;OBaJI
KOppexc (1931), J(oHa3aBmHYI, 'ITO Me BKJIIO'IeHIIH KBaplja B 6pa3HJIbCKHX
aJIMa3aX BTOPHTIHM H CBR3aHLI C Tpell ITHKaMH. COBCeM HeJ[aBHO 3TO Me MHeIIIie
6uJIO BLICKa3aH0 Bpio3 (Bruet, 1955), KOTOPbIII CTIIITaeT, 'ITO Haxox{ReHIIe
6pa3HJIbCK14X aJIMa30B B rpaHHTOBLIX It J[pyrHX KHCJIbIX uopogax cJlegyeT
HPH3HaTb HeAoKa3aHHLIM.
KaK ywe OTMeqaJlocb, CPOCTKH KBapi a c aJIMa3OM HaIIAeHM B pOCCbIHSIX
Ypaiia, HO HBap1J FIBJIFIeTCSI coxpaHIIBmHMIIC11 Kyco'IKaMH BTOPWIHOII BMeII[aIo-
IIiell IIOpogLI, Hpo'IHO HpHHafHHbIMH K aJIMa3y.
BoJiJi (Ball, 1930), no J(aHHbIM HeT1[OJIbJ[a H FoHIIepTa, coo6u aeT 0 Hpii-
CYTCTBIIH KBapl[a B HHAHIICKHx aJIia3ax.
OTMOT14M TOT ())aHT, 'ITO BKJIIO'IeHHFI H CPOCTKII aJIMa3a C KBapIIe-I y Ka-
3bIBaIOTCH IIpH HccJIeAOBaHHH aJIMa3oB 113 McCTOpO?fv eHHII Tamix o611aCTeff,
rAe H3BOCTHM BTOPH'IHble KOJIJIOKTOpbI aJIMa3oB - KOHrJIOMepaTbI C KBapUe-
BbIM I[eMOHTOM H KBapI;HTLI. B IOH{Hoa(pHI{aHCKHX aJIMa3aX, CBfi3aIIHLT 1 C
HIIM6epJIIITaMH, KaK OTMe'IaeT BHJIbHMC, KBapU He 6bIJI HaIIJ[eH.
J4norga BKJIIO'IeHHR IIpo3pa'ixblx MHHepaJIOB B aJIMa3e 6e3 BCRKOrO OCHO-
BalIHR OTHOCRT K KBapgy (Fio6eJIHH, 1953), 'ITO CJIy?KIIT HpIIiIHHOII Henpa-
BHJIbHLIX cy?KJ[eHHI1 o6 yCJIOBIIHX o6pa3oBaHHR aJIMa3a.
CyAR 110 BbIRBJIeHHOII rpyIIIIe cHHreueTHiIHLIx c aJmia30A MHHepaJIOB,
110 XHM113My aJIMa3oxocHoro MarMaTII'Ieciioro pacuJlaIIa 11 TeMHepaTI Pe
er0 KpIICTaJIJIH3aI1HH, HHKaHHX HPOAIIOCLIJIOR K HORBJIOHIIIO KBapi[a II3
OJ[IIOPO paCHJiaBa c aJIMa303I He IIMCeTCR.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
X.710pHT, 611 0TIIT 11 ( JI0r0IIIt T. BICJIIO'IeHIIe 3THX MHHepa.IOB
B a IMa3 yia3MBaeT BIIJ1bHMC (1932) Ha OCHOBaHHH gaHHbIX Pa Ta, Bayepa
H CIIeHCepa. Bee 3T11 MHHepaJlbl coAepSKaT rpynny OH H o6pa3yxOTCn B OIIpe-
geJIeHHbIX yCJIOBIIHX. H03TOMy o'IeHb BaxcIIO HMeTb HeCOMHeHHble goEa3aTeJlb-
CTBa HX cIIIIreHeTHrIHOCTH aJIMa3y ('ITO B HeKOTOPbIX CJIy'Ia1TX IIPIIHHMaeTCH
6e3 AOCTaTO'IHbIX o6OCHOBaHIIII).
B CB11311 c HaxoJiaMII BHyTpH aJIMa3a cepneliTHHa B BHJSe IICeBJ{oMOp()03
110 OJIHBIIHy, naK 3T0 yKa3bIBaJIOCb BbIIIIe, HaM npeJ[CTaBJIHOTCH BIIOJIIIe B03-
Mo?IcHbIM aHa.1orII'IHOC o6pa3oBaHHe XJIOpHTa, 6IIOTHTa it (JI0TOIIIHTa IIyTeM
60JIee H03AH01'O pa3JIOxce1111H rpaHaTOB, BKJIIO'IeHHbIX B aJIMa3. 3TO o6bI'IHO
Ha6J1IoJkaeTC9 J~J1H rpanaTOB B KHM6epJI11Tax.
H H P 11 T. BKJEIo'Ienne HHPHTa B a.RMa3 yna3aJI C3TTOH (1928). OH IIHIIIeT,
'ITO IIIIPHT - OJ(11O 113 CJIytIaHIIbIX BKJIIO'ICHHII H BCTpe'1eH B Bilge CpocTKa
C a.7Ma3oM. BIioJrHe 0' eBHJIH0, 'ITO 1111PHT IIBJIHeTCH O'IeHb pCJJ;ICHM BKJIIOTIe-
HIIeM H reIIOTII'IeCICOe B3aHM0OTHoIIIeHHe ero c aJIMa3oM no I1MeIOIi HMCH JSaH-
111AM yCTa1IOBIITb TpyAHO.
H JI b m e H II T. HJIbMeHHT, ICaK BePOHTHOe BKJIIO'-IeHIIe, yICa3bIBa1OT IIO'ITH
Bee aBTOpbI, HCCJIOJJ;oBaBIHHe BKJIIo'IeHHFI B alIMa3ax, OAHano ][III OJ[Horo y6e-
AHTeJIbHOPO J ona3aTeJIbCTBa, C IIpII13e9eHHe111 KaKHX-JII160 KOHCTaHT, HHHTO
He nplBOAHT. BHOJIHe IIOI-IIITHO, 'ITO HJIbMeHIIT, BCTpe'IaIoH[HYICA ICaIC OJSIIH
113 OCIIOBHbIX MHHepaJIOB B KIIM6epJIHTaX BMeCTe c IIHponaMII, XpOMJ[IIOIICII-
J(aMH II OJIIIBIIHaMII 11 06JIaAaioll ui3 IICHO BhIpa1KeHHbIMH THIIOMOp(lHbl-
MH OCO6eHHOCTHMII, CBH eTeJIbCTBy1OIIiHMn 0 TeCHOII reneTH'Iecnok CBH3II
C yKa3aHHbIMH MHHepaJIaMH 1, MO HOT C'IHTaTbCII OAHHM 113 IIaH60JIee BepOJ{THLIX
BKJIIO'EeHHH. MHorie aBTOPbI IIPHHHMaJIH 3a IIJIbMeHHT TeMHble BKJIIO'IeHH51
XpOMHIIIHHeJIII;Aa B aJIMa3aX, 'IeMy CII0006CTBOBaJIa HCKa HeHHan (opMa BKJIJO-
'IeIInI3, 'IaCTO IIMeiou nx IIJIaCTHH'IaTbIYI 11 Ta6JIIITIIaTbII3 o6JIiK.
HeCMOTp$I Ha J;oCTaTO'IHO 6OJIbIH0e noJIH'IeCTBO HCCJIeJ(OBaHHbIX pyJ;HbIX
BKJno'IeHHII, B KpiCTaiuuiax ajiMa3a HaMH HJIbMOHHT He BCTpe'IeH. MOMHo
CReJ1aTb BbIBOA, TO 113 pyAII,IX MIIHepaiiOB CpeAH BKJIIO'IeHHH, 6e3yCJIOBHO,
IIpeo611agaeT XpOMIIIIIIIHeJIIIJ ; MCJIR xce HJIbMeHHT H BCTpe'IaeTCH B aJIMa3aX,
TO 3T0 BKJIIO'IeHHe OTHOCHTeJIbnO peAKoe.
X P O M H T. MHorHe IICCJIeJ{OBaTeJIH paxee yKa3bIBaJIH BKJIIo'IekHe
B aiIBIa3 XpOMHTa, 3a KOTOpbIhl HPHnHMaJIII 'IepHble OKTa3JSpn'Iecnne KpHCTaJI-
JIIIKH BHyTpH a.IMaaa. HpOBeJ;eHHbMe 11CCJIej[OBaHHH IIOKa3aJIH, ITO 113 TeMHbIX,
Henpo3pa'IHbIX HJIH CJ1a6onpOCBe'IITBaioIIJHX no KpanM MnHepairOB B aJIMaaax
o6LI'IHo HPHCyTCTByeT XpOMIIIIIHHeJInJ[, 6JiII3KHh K XPOMIIHKOTIITy.
BCJIeJ{CTBHe pa3HOo6pa3Hfl 1 0P111 BbIJJ;eJIeHH$1 XpOMfHIIHHeJIi1 a B aJIMa3e,
paHee npH BI33yaJIbHbIX onpegeJ1eHHHX ero, o'IeBHAHO, BO MHorlx cJIy'IanX
OTHOCIIJIH K rpaHaTan, reMaTHTy, HJIbMeHHTy 11 MarHeTHTy. H03TOMy 0 pac-
HpOCTpaHeHHOCTII ero B aiiMa3ax IIpaBHJIbHoro 11peACTaBJIeH11H He 6bIJI0.
XpoMHIIIHHeJIII,q BCTpe'IaeTCJI B aimia3ax c rpaHaTOM H OJIHBIIHOM, HHorga -
Bee BMeCTe B OAHOM KpHCTaJIJIe, H CIIHreHeTH'IHOCTb ero c aJIMa3oM, TaK x(e
KaK rpaHaTa n OJIHBHHa, He BhI3bIBaeT COMHeHIIH.
F e m a T H T. BHepBble BKJEIo'IeHHe reMaTHTa B aJIMa3O 6bIJIO yra3aHo
KorexoM (Cohen, 1876). OgHaxo aBTOP TOJIbIO IIpegIIOJIaraJT, '1TO HCCJIeAo-
BaHHble HM pyRHble BKJIIO'IeHHH IIBJIHIOTCIE reMaTHTOM. BHOCJIeJ(CTBHH B cnpa-
BO'IHOH JIHTepaType reMaTHT yKa3MBaJICH (H yxa3bIBaeTCx go CHX Hop) yxie
Kan yCTaHOBJIeHHoe BICJHO'IeHHO B aJIMa3e. C3TTOH (1928), 113y'IaBIlxIi BKJIIO-
'IeHHe B Jo nnoa(JJphnaHCKHX alIMa3ax, IIIIcaij, 'ITO RoreH (qaJi Hanaiio 3a6Jiy-
M)AeIIHEO, KoTOpoe eii[e He yHH'ITOxfeno)).
1 THHOMOp(HaM HJIbMeHHTa H3 HHM6epJIHT0B 3aHJIIo'IaeTCII B o60raIB;eHHOCTH MgO H
Fe2O3 B HOBbIIHeHHOIi MarIllTHOCTI3, 'ITO OTMe'IaeTCII IJIH 107HIIoacf pu}aIIcn1IX, a Taxme
JIJIH CIS6HpCKHX McCTOp0513J eIIHI3.
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Cunaexemuvechue u anueexemunechue eh4iovehu.c a hpucmarcnax a.i iaaa 119
,'TIIITbIBa5, C OAHOII CTOpOHM, HII3KHII KHCJIOpOgllMiI IIOTeHgHa.I cpeAbl,
B KOTOpOII KpHCTaJIJIII3yeTCH aJIMa3, II, C ApyrOlk CTOpOHbI, TepMHqecKyJo
AIICCOgIIaIUIIIO reMaTHTa, KOTOpaH IIpOHCXOAHT IIpII TeMIIepaType upII6JIH3H-
TeJIbIIO 800-900?, T. e. HHWe BOpOHTHOII TeMIIepaTypbi KpHCTaJIJIH3aAnH aJIMa-
3a (1000-1500?), CHHreHeTHiIHOe o6pa30BaHHe reMaTHTa II aJIMa3a B MarMa-
T11ileCKOM pacrJial3e CJieAyeT c'IHTaTb HeBepOHTHITIM. OqeBHAHO, 3a reMaTUT
IIpf1HIIMaJIII HpOCBetIHBaIOmHe no KparM BHIHHeBO-KpaCHbIM IIBOTOM yIIJIO-
IimeIIHble BKJHOgenIIH XpOMIIIIIHHeJIIIAa.
M a r H e T II T. B 1924 r. CIIeHCep 113y'IIIJI BKJIIO`IeHI10 B KpIICTa.IIJIe aJIMa-
3a ti OTHec er 0 K MarneTHTy. CaTTOII (1928) H BHJIbnMC (1932), OCHOBbIBaHCb
[lit :)THx Aaimblx, CTIHTaJHI BICJIIOTieHIIe MarxeTIITa BecbMa BepOHTHbIM II yKa-
:3hI13aJIII erO B CBOIIX pa60Tax. HOCKOJIbKy MOHOrpaI IIH C3TTOHa H BIIJIbaMCa
IICTIOHJIBH OAIIIIbHi 113 ocuoBHbiX pa6oT no a3IMa3aM, eCTeCTBeHH0, BKJIIOTIeHIIe
Mal'IICTIITa B aJIMa3ax BCerAa yicaabiBaeTCH It BO BCOX IIOCJIeAyIOII);IIX pa60Tax.
3a MarxeTIIT Jleric0 Moran 6b1Tb IIpuIIHTbI OKTa3Apbl XpOMIIIHIIHeJIIIAa,
a eHje 60Jiee BepOHTHO - BiJIioTieHIIH McJIKIIX OKTa3ApOB ajina3a c rpa()HTII-
3IIpoBaIIHbIMH IIOBepXHOCTHMII. H3-3a OTCyTCTBIIH TOTTHbIX AaHHbIX, yBepell-
11OCTH B IIpaBHJIbHOCTIl IIAeHTII())HIcaAIIII BKJIIotIeHIIII H oTHeCeHIIH IIX Ii Mar-
ileTI[Ty 6bITb He MO)KCT.
1'a30Bble Hy3bIp bK11 II HCII KOCTb. KaK IIpaBHJIO, B JIIITC-
paType yKa3bIBaeTCH BKJIIOTIeHIIe B aJI11ia3ax Hy3blpbKOB ra3a II 91cIIAKOCTII.
HOCMOTpa Ha MHOF110 TbICHTIII KpIICTa3IJIOB, IIpOCMOTpeHHbIX HaMH C AeJIbIO
1ICCJIOA0BaIIIIH BKJIIOTIOHIIII,- ?KHAKOCTH H ra30BbIX Hy3bIpbIOB C MHAKOCTbIO
11:111 6e3 Hee BCTpe' CIIO IIe 6bIJIO. YMeCTHO IIpiBeCTII Bbicia3bIBaHIIe C3TTOHa:
(1928,
c Tp. 42).
HeKOTOpble aBTOpbI (Fio6eJIIIH, 1953) cgIITaIOT BKJIIOTIexIIeM raaa 6e-
.Able, B BIIAe o6JiaKa, o6pa30BaHIIH BHyTpII KpHCTaJIJIOB aJIMa3a. OAHaKO
I[Ii'IeM He Aoxa3blBaeTCH HX ra3OBan IIpupoJ a. Hajrn'IHe ra3a Ii 1KIIAKOCTH
B KpI1dTaJIJIax aJIMa3a AO C13X Hop AOCTOBepHO He OIIpeAeaeHO. Hpil OIIIICaHIIII
')Toro poAa BKJIIOTieHIIl T11 aTeJIbxan AoxyMeiTaI;HH I AoHa3aTeJIbCTBO ra30BO-
M11AK0 IIpHpOAbI COBepmeHHO Heo6xoAHMM AJIH Toro, TITO6bI cTIHTaTb 3T0
otIpeAeJIeHHO yCTaIIOBJICIIHbIM, 'ITO 01ICHb BaTKHO AJIH HHTepllpeTal;IIII ycJIOBIIIi
o6pa3oBaHIIH aJIMa3a. HacTble yKa3aHIIH Ha HpIICyTCTBIIe ra30BbIX Hy3bIpbIOB
MoryT 6bITb 06'bncHeHbI TeM, T1T0 H3OMCTpIITIHble, IIOTITII COBepIIIOHHO OKpyrJlble
Me:IlcIie BicJIK)TIeHIIH IIpO3pa'iHbIX KpIICTaJIJIHKOB OJIHBIIHa oTIeHb HaHOMIIHaIOT
IIy3bIpbKH ra3a. 3TO, B CBH3II C yIa3aHIIeM B JaliTepaType Ha ra30BO-mIIAKHc
13KJII0TIeHHH, OT1eBIIAHO, HepeAKO IIpIIBOAIIT K OHin61taM, KaK 3T0 6bIJIO, HaIIpII-
Mep, IIpII onicaHIIll pa3JIHTIHbIMII MIIHepaJIoraMII ypaJIbCKIIX II CH6IIpcxflx
aaMa3oB.
1'IIAp0oIcIICJIbI HceJIe3a II Ap. BKJIOTIOHIIH rlApooKIicJIOB
SKeJIe3a, McAHbIx OKHCJIOB, a TaI}Ke CpOCTKII aJiMa3a C 30JIOTOM H pa3JIIITIHbIMII
ApyrIIMII MIiHepaJIaMII H Bell);ecTBaMH MoryT o6paaOBaTbCH IIpII McTaMop4)H3Me
nMeigaiou lIx nopoA, IIepBIITIHbIX 11J1H BTOpHT1HbIx, B aa1JIIOBIIaJIbxbIx OTJIO-
acellIiHX II T. A. Han60J1ee o6bITIHiiMII H3 BKJIIOTIeHllll 3TOro Tuna 31BJIHIOTCH
BKJIIOTIeHIIH rlApoOKIICa0B xceJle3a.
HpH oIIIICaHIIII BKJIIOTICHIIII paHee MHOr1e aBTOpbI He o6palI1aJIII AOCTaTOT1-
1I01`0 BHHMaHIIH Ha pa3AeaaeHIIe clHrexeTHTIecKHx II anHreHeTIITIecKHx BKJIIO-
TIeHIIH B aaaMa3ax, TITO B xelcoTOpblx cJIyTIanx IIpIBOAIIJIO K OHIII60TIIIbIM IIpeA-
CTaRJIeHIIHM 06 yCJIOBIIHX HX o6pa3OBaHIIH H 0 CB513II aa1Ma3OB C pa3JIIITIHbJ MH
IIOpOAaMII.
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120 10. J. Oprcoe
Hp0BeJjeHHbIM11 pa60TaMH yCTaHOBJIeHbI OCHOBHble, Han60JIee LIaCTO BCTpe-
1IaeMble B BHjje BKJIIOtIeHHH B aJIMa3aX MHHepaJIbl: OJIHBHH, rpaHaTM 11 XpOM-
mni1HejIHJIIhI, o6pa3y1OHjHecsl 0JH0BpeMOHH0 C a.IMa3oM H 3aXBaThIBaloljIedn
HM HpH KpHCTaJIJI113agHH, a TaKHCe rpa(JHT H cepieHTHH, HBJIFIIOIIjHOCH 31114-
reneT11-WcHHMH o6pa3oBaH11STMH, pa3BHBaIOBIHMHCFI, COOTBeTCTBeHIIO, no
aJiMa3y II 0JIHBHHy, H, Ha1oHel;, HBaplj H rHApooi nc ibI 3Ke3Ie3a, HpoHHKaIo-
mHe B aJIMa3 HO TpemILHHaM H pa3JIHPIHLIM KaHaJraM TpaBJIeHHnn. (B03rrPIli-
IUHM B 3HJjOreHHMIX yCJIOBHHX).
B 06piteBii'1 A. II., FHOBymeB M. A., Rung H. B., Cap ca jcEll x If. II.
H Ap. AaMa3M CI16HpH. FocreoJITex113AaT, 1957.
B H H *I e JI Jr A. H. OHTBMCCnaH MHHepaJlornx. H39-BO IBHOCrp. JIHT-pb1, 1949.
li y x a p e H rc o A. A. 06 oHpyr.lbrx HpncTannax aJIMa3a.- Y*Ienble 3anncl i 111'Y
aMenu A. A. 7 aHoBa. HpllcTa.nniorpac HH H HpncTannoxHMHn, 1954.
bI n x e e B B. H. n gp. H3MeHeHIIe pa3MepoB HHeIiIcn rpaHaTOB B 3asnCHMOCT11 OT CO-
CTaBa.- 3amiciui Bcec. MnHep. o6-Ba, cepHH 2, u. 85, BbIH. 4, 1956.
0 1) JI 0 B 10. ,1I. H BOHPOCy 0 reHe3nce oxpyrJlbrx (IOpM Hp11CTaJIJI0B aJIMa3a.- Tpylbl
MHHep. My3eH AH CCCP, BI,IH. 9, 1959.
(D Y T e p r e H A JI e p C. H. HCCJICAOBaHBO BHJ1iO'Je11HI B aJIMa3ax McTOAOM p('III'TeHO-
CTpyxTypHoro anaJr3a.- 3aHIIcnH Bcec. MiIHep. o6-Ba, ceplun 2, u. 85, BbIH. 4, 1956.
B a 1 1 Bg. S. H. Diamond sources other than kimberlite.- Congr. Intern. Miner.,
Met., Geol. appl., 1930.
B r u e t Ed. Considerations sur le diamant et sa geologic.- Bull. Mus. nat. hist. natur.,
v. 27, N 4, 1955.
C o h e n E. Cher Einschliisse in Sudafrikanischen Diamanten.- N. Jb. Miner., 1876.
C o 1 o n y R. An unusual quartz-diamond intergrowth.- Amer. J. Sci., Ser. V, A_ 29,
1923.
C o r r e n s C. W. Cher Diamanten mit Quartzenlagerungen.- Zs. Krist., Bd. LXN.\,
1931.
FersmannA., GoIdsciimidt V. Der Diamant. Heidelberg, 1911.
G u b e 1 i n S. J. Inclusions as a means of gemstone identification. Los Angeles, 1953.
M i t c h e l l R. S., G i a r d i n i A. A. Oriented olivine inclusions in diamond.-
Amer. Miner., v. 38, Ni 1-2, 1953.
S p e n c e r L. J. An inclusion of magnetite in diamond.- Miner. Mag., ,Ni 107, 1924.
S t r u n z H. Mineralogische Tabellen. Leipzig, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, 4957-
S u t t o n J. R. Diamond (a descriptive treatise). London, 1928.
IV i I 1 i a m s A. The genesis of the diamond. London, 1932.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
A K A A E M H H H A Y K C C C P
TPYbI MIIHEPA IOrIILIECICOrO MY3EJI
Blanyci 10
PeAaxTOp A-p reO.I.-MIIH. Hayx F. II. Bapcauoe
B. M. CEIIAEPOBA
METOJJbI XHMHgECKOrO AHAJI143A rHHOrEHHbIX
H rHHEPrEHHbIX MHHEPAJIOB BHCMYTA
BIICMyT Hai XnMHgeCICIIIi 3JIeMelIT H3BeCTeH C XIV CTOJICTII}. B XVI B.
OLO CTaJIH HpJMeIIHTb B BIIAe oKIICH AJIH II3roTOBJIeHHH Hpacoi. KJIapH BIICMy-
Ta 1.10-5, paRHyc uoua Bi"'-1,20 A. BIICMyT IIaXOAHTCH B rJIaBHOII noT--
rpynne HHTOii rpynnbI nep11o WIecHOii CHCTeMbI 3JIeMeHTOB A. 14. McHAeJleeBa.
ATOMHbIii Bee ero 209. HO CBOeii paCIIpOCTpaHeHHOCTH B IIpnpol;e BIICMyT 3a-
HHMaeT TaKOe HCC McCTO, ial{ CypbMa, HHO6IIJ, TaHTaJI, n3IaTHHa, cepe6po,
TaJIJIIIH, IIHJLHH.
K giic iy rHIIOreHHbIX MHHepaJIOB BnCMyTa OTHOCHTCH:
CaMOpOAHbIii BHCMyT- Bi N.TiaBpOTHT - Cu6Bi4S9
BHCMyTHCTOe 30710TO - (Au, Bi) fHpMepnT - PbAg4Bi4S9
ManbAoHnT - AU2Bi ApaManOIIT- Ag(Sb, Bi)S2
BH('MyTHH (BH(MyTHHHT, MaTHJIbTHA - AgBiS2
BHCMyTOBbI1i 6J1e('IC) - Bi2S3 3MI15M HT - CuBiS2
TeTpaIHMHT - Bi2Te2S BeIJB:aMIIHIIT - Pb(Cn, Ag)Bi2S4 (?)
TenJIypo6nl MyTHT - Bi2Te3 XaMMapIfT - Pb2CU2Bi4S9 (?)
FpIOHJIHHruT - Bi4TeS3 H03arIHT - Pb2B12S5
H oaeHT - Bi3Te(S, Se) (?) F o6e.TJIHT - Pb2(Bi, Sb)2S5
nIJlb3enlIT (BepJIHT) - B13Te2 (?) BnTTIIT-Pb5Big(S, Se)14 (?)
i'yaHaXyaTHT - Bl2 (S, Se)3 JIHHACTpeMHT - PbCuBi3S6
BIITTHXOHHT - CU3BiS3 Peu6aHnT - Cu2Pb3Bii0SI3 (?)
PHOHHT (BHCMyTHCTbIii TCHHMITIIT) FaJIeHOBHCMyTnT - PbB I2S4
- (Cu, Fe)12(As, Bi)4S13 Beii6y.m3HT - PbBi2(S, Se)4
BeerepIlT - Pb6Bi2S9 IIJiaTHH11T - PbBi2(S,Se)3
FyarapplT - Pb4Bi2S7 LIHBnaTHT - Pb3Bi8S15 (?)
JIHJIHaHaT - Pb3Bi2S5 AJinl'naIIT - Pb(Ag? Cu)2Bi1S8 (?)
BapTanT - Pb4Bi2S7 FJIaAnT - PbCuBi5S9
AiihuHHT - PbCuBiS3
143 nepetIHCJleHnbIX 1HIHepaloB iian6oiee pacnpocTpaneHHbIMH HBJIIIIOTCII
caMOpOJ[HbIH BHCMYT II BIICMTTHH. OCTaJIbHble MIIHepaJlbi BIICMyTa BCTpe-
'ialOTCH 3Ha'IIITeJIbllo peSEe, XOTIi H o6pa3yloT B HOKOTOpbIX McCTOpO AoHIIfIX
iio131,1IHerHble HoHI[eHTpauIIn.
B 3oie of cJIenhi}I IIepBIPIHble CyJIb()IlJ{Hble MIIIIepa3IbI BIICMyTa noJ;Bep-
raIOTCH BbIBCTplBaTIIIO. Hpli 3TOM HepBOHanaJibHO 06pa3yeTCII CyJIb(aT BHCMy-
Ta, HOTOpblli gpe3Bblgaiiuo HeyCTOI3PI1IB H riijpoJIII3yeTCH Aa3ICe B rUCJIbIX pac-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
122 B. M. CentBepoea
TBOpax, HO-BIIAIIMOMy, IIepeXOAH B OCHOBHLIO cyJlb(aTbl, B HOHeLIHOM HTore
3aMOIIJaIo1JIIecH oI{HCbIO BIICMyTa. IIpII HaJIHLIHII C02 B BoJax rJI pOJIHTHtIeCKHYI
pacnaA BIICMyTOBLIX CYJII 4aTOB MO?KeT IIpeAyIIpeaKAaTbCH HJIH me OH COIIpO-
Boal{JLaeTCH oca91{AeHHeM BHCMyTa B BHZ[e OCHOBHLIX Kap6oxaTOB - coeAH-
110HHYI, CTOJIb Be TPYAHO paCTBOpIIMhIx, KaR II OKHCII BIICMyTa.
Kap6OHaTbI MOryT B03111IKaTb 11 113 OHHCJIOB BHCMyTa, B pe3VJIbTaTe B3aHMo-
Ae7ICTBIIH IIOCJIeAHHx C BOJ[aMII, HeCynJHMII C02 (aHaJIorltIHO O6pa3OBaHIIIo
u('pyCCHTa H3 aIrJIe3IlTa); HMeIIHO 3TIIM IIyTeM, BO3MO?I{HO, H HPOHCXOAIIT
3aMerueHIIe OHIICH BIICMyTa (Bi203) I{ap6OHaTHbIMH MIIHepa.TIaMH.
IIp11 OKHCJIeH1III CyJIb(OBHCMyTHTOB B OCHOBHOM Ha6JI1oAaIOTCH aHaJIorHtI-
Tlble BBJIOHIIJ, 11 BIICMVT B 3TOM CJIy'Iae HpeH{Ae BCerO CBI13bIBaoTCH B BIIge
OKIICII IIJIII OCHOBHbIX Hap60HaTOB.
B 30He OKIICJICIIHH BHCMyT, no CpaBHOHHIO C AIIHKO1I, McAb1o, CBHH40M lI
JkPVPIIMH 3JIeMeHTaMII, MHPPIIPYOT o ieIIb c3Ia6O, BCJIeACTBIle 6bICTpOPO rHApo-
J1II3a ero COeJ(IIHeHHH. HO3TOMy xapal{Tepxoli (JOpMOII BbIAOJIOHHH BTOPI1 HbIX
(rHIIepreHHbIx) MHHepaHIOB BHCMyTa HBJIHIOTCH IICeBAOMOpO03bI no HCXOAHbIM
140PBHiIHbIM BIICMyTOBbIM MIIHepaJlaM.
BHCMyT OKa3bIBaeTCH B 3OHe oI{HCJIeHHH MOIiee IIOABIImHbIM 3JIOMeHTOM,
Ilene III CypbMa II TOJIb1{O B CJIy1Iae AJIHTeJIbHOrO B03AO1ICTBIIH 11OBOPXHOCTHb1X
1109 ITJIH BOCbMa IIOBUIIHOHHOII I{IICJIOTHOCTII PaCTBOPOB MO5HH0 O?H1l aTb He-
FOTOporO Bblxoca BHCMyTa H3 ol{IICJleHHJIX pyA.
K rurepremibui (BTOpITHHbIM) MHHepaJlaM BHCMVTa OTHOCHTCH:
IiIICMHT - B12O3 )-i13cMyTIiT - (BiO)2CO3
CIi.IJIeHHT - Bi203 BaJlbTepHT - OCHOBIIOII I{ap6OHaT BH('MyTa
Py(('eJIHT- (Bi2W)03 BelepilT - Ca(BiO)2(CO3)2
EM-MyTOTMITazII1T - Bi(Ta, Nb)04 MHACHT - CH10Bi(A.S04)5(OH)8. 7H2O
B1T(MOKJIHT - BiOCI BaabHyprHT - B110U3(As04)4016' 1OH2O
jo6peIIT- BiO(OH, CI) IlyxepnT - BiVO4
Han6oJlee pacupOCTpaIIem-LIM r1IllepreHIIbIM MHHepaJIOM BIICMyTa HBJIJeTCB
ilnCMyTIIT. HeKoTOpble H3 3THX MHHepaJIOB Ha6JIIOgaIOTCH B HoBbIIIleH-
IILIX I{OJIHT1eCTBax, I{aH, IIanpiMep, 6IICMO1{JIIIT B COCTaBe pyA 30HbI OITIIC-
JIe11IIH.
METOAHRA XHMHLIECI{OFO AHAJII3A
MHHEPAJIOB BHCMYTA
KoJIIIileCTBeHHOMy OIIpeAeJTeHIIIO BHCMVTa II ero OTJ[eJIeHH10 OT CBHHUa
11 Menu (B OC06elHOCTII OT CBHH11;a) IIOCBHII0HO MHOrO pa60T.
B MoHOrpa41HII no allaJI11THgecioii XHMIIH BIICMyTa A. K. ByceB (1953)
11p11BOAHT 1346 CCbIJIOR Ha pa3JIIITIHble McTOJ[bI oIIpeJ[eJIeHHH H 0TJ1;eJIeHHH
BIICMyTa OT COHyTCTBVIOBnHX eMy 3JIeMMeHTOB. OCHOBHaH tlaCTb 3THX pa60T
IIOCITT IIOJIeMHHecKHIi xapawTep, no calla IJIIC pa CCbIJIOK HOATBep)H aeT TpyA-
1LOCTb xHMHilecxoro onpeJJeJIeHHH, BepHee - OTJJeJIeHHH BHCMyTa, rJIaBHbIM
OOpa3oM OT CBIIHAa. Hpemge HOM IIp1CTyIIHTb K pa60Te C 3TO1I CJTO51{IIOH rpyH-
11011 MHHepaJIOB, aBTOpoM 6bIJIII HPOBepeHbl McTOAbI, HaH6oJlee peKOMeHJJO-
BaHHble B JIHTepaType (BoJIKOB, 1945; KOBaJIeHKO, 1939; KOBaJIeHKO II MaJIb-
IJeii, 1939; OcTpoyMOB, 1939; JTepIIASI{, 1950; Mo3ep H MaRClIMOBHii, 1925;
HIIHKyC 11 Aepxbe, 1928).
BTepHJJH{ (1950) IIp11MeHHJI 0TJJeJIeHIIe CBHHIJa B BHJJe cyJIb(JaTa OT BHCMyTa
B CMecJX, coAep?Hauiix no 30-70% I{aaKAoro McTaJIJIa. IIoJIyqeHHbIli IIpH
TeMHepaType OTAbIMJIHBaHHH (250?) eepHOKIICJIbIii CBHHeB, HO CJTOBaM
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
_/IemoBba xu.Iiuuecxoeo ananuaa eunoeenublx u eunepeeimbix .tilunepa.tioe euc,uyina 123
pI1A.Ba, 6bIJI CBO6O eH OT BncMyTa. 3HalIHTeJlbnoe coocainAeHIle BIICMyTa
Ha6JI1oAaJIOCb npn CIIJIbHOM OTAbIMJIIIBami1 H H11II BbICOI{OII TeMHepaType
(300-400?). OAHaxo cepun oHbITOB, nocTaBJIeHHan aBTOpoM, HoATBepAHJIa,
'ITO 3TOT McTOA Tpe6yeT gopa60TEII.
HpoBepna McTOAa 3Tepnj na TORa3aJia, 'ITO 3TOT McTOA, c Hel{OTOpbIMH1
yTO'IHeHHAMII (nepeoca?BAeHne ocaAKa cBIIHga) II npnl yKa3aHHOi3 BbIIIIe TeM-
HepaType Mo?KeT 6bITb peHOMelIAOBaII Aim oTAeJlbnbIx OnpeAeJleH1m CBIIHIja
B HpIICyTCTBIIII BIICMyTa.
HpOBepKO1i OCTa.'IbHbIX MCTOJOB ycTaHOBJIeHO, '3TO McTOA 3. A. OCTpO-
ynlOBa (1939), OCHOBalliluH Ha HpIIDieHeHHII CMeen HIIp14AHHa II a30THOHIICJIO-
110 HIIpiIJ1H11a, B3HTbIX B OIIpejeJIeHHOM OTIIoiueHIIII, AJIH n3y'IOHHOro aBTO-
pOM MaTeplla.Ia OKa3aJICl HeIIpHrOAHLIM BCJIOACTBIIe IIeIOJIHOTbl ocaxsAeHi1A
BlieMyTa.
(Voc(aTIHLIii MOTOR H. H. KoilaJIeiIKo (1939) oTAeJIeHIIn BIICMyTa OT CBIIH-
Aa, BnepBble HpeAJ1OFeHHIlii B 1906 r. M03epoM (1909), 66111 nponepeii Ile-
CKOJILI{I1MII y'elrbIDln, II B 1931 r. cueAuaJIbiian Emnic rin noia3aJIa HeBO3-
MOlB1IOCTb KOJIII'ICCTBeHHOrO OTAeJICHl5 BIICMyTa OT cBnni[a ocaSI{AeImmeM BIIC-
MVTa B BIlAe ())oc aTa.
K T3IOMy x{e BbIBOAy rlpnnlJlit H. H. KOBaJieH o n A. H. MaJIbACB
(1939), a TaK>I{e aBTOp HacTOIIigeIi pa60TLI.
McTOA (DeHrjilI B OpueJibTa (1925) HaMil HeAocTaTO'IHO HpoBepeH, HO3TOM.V
AIM B03Aepx{nBaeMcq OT er0 KpIITuIw.
Mo3ep Ii MaJC11MOBH'I (1925) C'IHTa1OT 0AHIIM 113 Han6oJlee TO'IIILIX
rleTOAoB oTAeJIeIIHe BIICMyTa IIYTOM rIIAp0JIH3a c 6poMIIA-6poMaTHOii cMecblo,
B pC3yJIbTaTe 'rero BIICMyT OjH0BpeMeHHO OTAeJIAeTCA OT CBrini a u McAI.
Hauer HccJieAOBaHHA noKa3aJI11, 'TO 3TOT McTOA o'IeHb KpolOTJIIIB Il cJio-
+reii. Ho MHelInlo D. A. OcTpoyiIOBa, McAL MO1HeT HpIl 3TOM BOCCTaHOBIITLCII
AO C112Br4 H aAcop6HpoBaTbCA OCaA1{OM 6pOM-OKIICH BIICMyTa.
B npouecce pa60TbI DIM OCTaHOBIIJIII Bb160p Ha ocamAeHIIII BIICMyTa KyIl-
c1eppOHOM 110 MCTOAy Hniinyca a ;tepmIe (1928).
Kyiu eppoll C6HSN(NO)ONH4i aMMO1niIHaH COJIb HnTpO3o4)e11I1JIrHApo-
IiCIIJIaMHHa, HpeACTaBJIHeT c0601I O'Ieilb IjeHHLIH peaRTHB A.IA IIp1IMeHeHHA
B nOJIn'IeCTBOHIIOM aHaJIII3e, 1IOTOMy'ITO ocaaBAeHHe npOHCXOAHT B CIIJIbHOKHCJIbIX
paCTBopax. OcaAnu, o6pa3yeMble uyn(eppOHOM, gBJIAIOTCH COJIIMII,
B KOTOpbIX aMMOHIIIIHbIu pau11KaJI peanTilBa 3aMergeH McTaJIJIOM. OcaH{AeHHe
IIpOn3BOA11TCB B oxJIa?I{AeHHOM JIbAOM pacTBOpe, coAepanau;eM CBO6OAHyIO
M11HepaJIbHyIO KHCJIOTy. CywHOCTb yna3aHHOro McTOAa pa3AenneHnH BIICMyTa -
CBnHTka COCTOHT B OCaSKAeHIIII BIICMyTa nyll 1epponoM 113 OAHOHOpMaJIbHoro
a3OTHOKncJIOrO pacTBOpa rlpH TeMHepaType He BLIHIC 10?. OcaAon nyn ep-
ponaTa BIICMyTa He pacTBopxeTCc B MnnepaJlbHbIx HIICJIOTax, BcJIeAcTB11e 'Iero
npaHTII'IOCHII B03MWKHO HpO1i3BOA11Tb oTAeJieHue BncMyTa OT TaBHX 3JIeMeH-
ToB, Kan Ag, Pb, Sbv, As, Al, Cr, Mn, Ni, Co H Zn.
OcaAOn nyl(leppoilaTa BncMyTa JIerno nepeXOAriT Hpu HpOKaJIIIBaHIIII
B B1203, KOTOpbII4 H B3BeIHnBaeTCn.
B HaIneI3 pa60Te c yna3aHHbIM11 MHHepaJlaMli BbInCHIIJIOCb, 'ITO MOTOR
ocainAeH in B1IC11iyTa nyn(eppOHOM, B TOM BHAO, I{an OH II3JIOIBeii HIIHnyCOM
it Aepilme (1928), ona3ajici HeAOpa60TaHHbIAI. Tan, HanpiMep, aBTOpbI He
yuoMIIHalOT B CBOeII pa6oTe o Me ii, a I{an II3BecTHO, MOAb AOBOJILHO 'IaCTO
BXOAIIT B COCTaB MIIHepaJiOB BIICMyTa.
HpOBepl{a OHpeAeJIeHIi5 BIICMyTa oca)l{AeHlieM nyn(eppOHOM B HpnCyT-
CTBIIH MOAN nona3aJIa, 'ITO MCAb cooCax{AaeTCn OC3 lIOM KyII(J)eppOHaTa BIIC-
MyTa. OcaAon nyITLleppoiiaTa BIICMyTa, coAepx{aIII;1I3 McAb, npH rlponaJlll-
BaHI11I IIJIaBHTCH, ILBOT pacri aBa - 3eJIeHbnH. BCJIeACTBue 3TOrO BO3HHHJIa
IIeO6XOAnMOCTb HpOBOCTH AOHOJIHnTeJIbuble OIIbITLI, 'IT06LI BbIIICHHTb BJIIIA-
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124 B. M. Ceu(9epoea
Hue MejIi Ha OHpeAeJleHHe BHCMyTa. B KaqecTBe peareHTOB 6bIJIH B3H-
TM McTaJIJIH'IeeIHfI BHC11iyT, 3JieKTpoJIHTHilecxan McAb H McTaJiJIuMecKHyI
cBHHerj.
OIIbITbI, upOBegeHHbie Ha CHHTeTHTIeCKHX CMeCHX Bi, Cu H Bi, Cu it Pb,
HOKa3aJIU, 'ITO OHpeAeJleHHe BHCMyTa ocauK eHUeM Ky14)eppOHOM B yKa3aHHbIX
CMeCHX BO3MOHfHO TOJIbHO IIpH YCJI0BHH HpeABapHTeJIbHoro OTAejleHUH er0
OT McAH. JIB 3TOPO BI1CMyT CHatla.la BbIAeJIBIOT H3 a30THOKIIcjioro pacTBopa,
a eCJIH eCTb CBHHeij, TO BMeCTe CO CB14HAOM - ocamcAeHUeM aMMHaKOM C He-
60JIbHIUM uojiii IeCTBOM yrJIeHHCJloro aMMOHUB B IIPIICyTCTBUU KOaryiiwTOpa -
aJuoMoaMMHaiIHbIx KBaCAOB. McAb Hpn 3TOM OCTaeTCB B pacTBOpe.
CHOCO6bi pa37ion eHUH MUHepaJIOB BHCMyTa B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT HX COCTaBa
pa3JIIITIHbl.
1. HepBHiIHble MUHepaJibi BHCMyTa, B COCTaB KOTOpbIX BXOAHT Bi, Pb,
Cu, S, Fe, Jierno pa3JlaraioTCH a3OTHOT'I KUCJIOTOI3 IIpH c.Ia6oM HarpeBannu.
2. MuuepaJlbi BHCMyTa, B COCTaB KOTOphIX, Kpo a yKa3aHHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB,
BXOAHT CypbMa H MbIHIbfK, B OAHOH a3OTHOH HHCJIOTO He pa3JlaraIOTCB; B 3TIIX
CJIyuasx HaBecuy o6pa6aTMBaIOT cHauaiia a3OTHOU KUCJIOTOII HpH HarpeBa-
HHU, a HepaCTBOP14AIbli3 OCTaTOK OT(14JIbTpOBbIBa10T, CHSHralOT B a3oTH01i
it cepHOIi KUCJIOTaX.
3. HeuoTOpble ruuepreHHbie MUHepaJibl BHCMyTa coAepucaT, IipoMe
yKa3aHHbIX BEIIIIe 3JIeMeHTOB, eu.[e BOJlbi)1paM H MOJIH6AeH HJIU TOJIbRO OA14H
BOJII paM. B 3TOM cJiy iae peiOMeHAyeTCB HaBecuy OMeHb TOHKO u3MeJIb-
'IHTb u o6pa6OTaTb a3OTHOH KUCJIOTOH, BbluapUBan Aocyxa Ha BOAHIIOU
6aHe.
AHaJIH3 Bi - MUHepaJia, B COCTaB KOTOpOro BXOABT Ag, Bi, Pb, Cu,
Fe, Al, Ca H Mg, MO}KeT 6bITb BLIHOJIHeH 143 OAHOH HaBecun.
Oit peAeJIeHit e cepe6pa. HaBecxy 0,25-0,30 r pa311araIOT
B 10 MJI a30THOii KHCJIOTbI IIpH CJIa60M HarpeBaHum Ha 3JIeHTpOIIJIIITKe IIJIII
CeTKe (He AOBOAH AO KUIIeuuu) B CTauaHe eMKOCTbIO 200-250 MJI, up1KpbIB
ero 'IaCOBbIM CTeKJIOM. Ho oEoH'IaHUU pa3JloineHHB co epaCHMoe CTaKaHa pa3-
6aBJIHIOT ropwieYI BOAOU AO o6IbeMa 20-25 MJI H OT(11JIbTpOBLIBa1OT HepaCTBO-
pHMbIi3 OCTaTOK *1epe3 MaJIeHbnuI3 Ih1JIbTp (6eiian JIeHTa). OcagoK Ha (IHJIbTpe
HPOMLIBaIOT 3-4 pa3a He6oJIbmmUMU lOpIkHBMH ropsIIeII BOAhI, ciierua HoA-
KUCJIeHHOU a3OTHOU KHCJIOTOI3. PuJIbTpaT, 06,beMOM He 6oJlee 35 MJi, Ilarpe-
BaIOT AO KIIIIeHUH, HpI6aBJIHIOT 2-3 KaIJJIIi COJIBHOI3 KHCJIOTbI (yA. Bec 1,19)
U OCTaBJIBIOT B TeMHOM McCTe Ha 12 'IaCOB (CTaxaH o6BepTLIBaIOT TeMHOIi 6y-
Maroi). BbIAeJIHBIIIHfICB ocaAOK AgCI OT(HJIbTpOBbIBaIOT ilepe3 B3BeHIeHHbIii
THreJIb EJOTTa (N!' 4), IlpoMMMBalOT ropniieIi BOAOU, coAep Eaureii OAHy-ABe
KalJIH COJIHHOH HUCJIOTbI, 11 AOBOAHT 06,beM I UJIbTpaTa IIpI6JIH3UTOJIbHO AO
100 MM.
TureJIb, coAep)Kaiiiii'I AgCI, BbICyfIUBaloT CHaiIaJla IIpli 100?, 3aTeM HpH
TeMIIepaType 130-150? H B3BemHBaloT; ocajoi AgC1 B THrJIe paCTBOPBIOT
B ropnqei pacTBope NH4OH (1 : 1), OTi HJIbTPOBbIBaIOT 11 HpOMbIBa1OT ropH-
tlcII BOAOii, COAepusauiex IICCKOJIbnO KaleJIb NH4OH. THreJIb BHOBb BMCy-
IuUBaK)T HpH yna3aHHOIi TeMIIepaType. Pa3HOCTb B BeCe THPJiu c oca om
AgCI U HOCJIe ero paCTBOpeHUH COOTBeTCTByeT HCTIiHHOMy Becy AgCI.
OHpegeaenne BHCMyTa, CBIIHI[a H McAH
HJIbTpaT Home BLIAeJieHHB cepe6pa, co epSKaHiuii Bi, Pb, Cu, Fe,
Al, Ca H Mg, HarpeBaioT HpH6JIH3UTeJIbuo go 50-60? it HpollycnaloT qepe3
Hero CepOBOAOpoA B TeLleuue 20-30 MIIIIyT, AO HOJIHOYI KoaryJIBI4HH ocaAKa.
HpH 3TOM BJIHaAaeT LIepuoro IIBeTa ocaAou CyJIbi IIAOB (Bi, Pb H Cu). Hoene
OTCTaIIBaHHB B TetIenue HeCKOJIbKUX ilaCOB ocaAOK OTC)IHJIbTpOBbIBaIOT uepea
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Memoaba xu.niumecxoeo ananusa eunoeetnbix u eunepeeimbix Atuwepa.ioe euc.teyma 125
, H.IbTp (6eiiafl JIeHTa) H HpoMbIBalOT cepoBOAOpoAIIoI3 BOAOH (9-10 pa3).
B HIIJIbTpaTe ocTaIOTCfi Fe, Al, Ca H Mg.
Pa3BepHyB (HJIbTP c ocaAKOM, CTpyeH ropailei BOAM 113 IIPOMbHBaJIKH oca-
AOK CyJlb(HAOB cMbIBaIOT C 4)HJIbTpa B CTaxaH, B KOTOPOM IIpOHCXOAIIJIO oca-
auAeHIte, a 3aTeM (HJIbTp CMa'1HBaIOT a3OTHOH KHCJIOTOII 113 HaleJIbHHAbI II
CHOBa CMbIBaIOT CTpyeli r opsTIe1i BOAbI. (DIIJIbTp AOJUKOH 6bITb CoBepvleHHO
TIIICTbIM. B cJlyiae, eCJIH C (lHJIbTpa He yAaeTCH CMbITb IIOJIHOCTbIO oca-
AOK, OCTaBIIIHecn Ha CIIIJIbTpe CJIeAM BHCMyTa OIIpeAeJIHIOT KOJIOpHMeTPII-
TieCIlAeHHe; CMaTiI1BaIOT ( IIJIbTp H3 KaneJIbHugbI a30THO11 KHCJIO-
TOii 11 3aTeM CHOBa CMbIBa1OT ropxTieI3 BOAol.
A3OTHOKIICJIbIii paCTBOP BHCMyTa H CBHHqa, o6'beMOM 100-150 MJI, HeII-
Tpa.I113yIOT aMMHaKOM AO IIOHBJIOHIIfi MYTH. MyTb paCTBOp5IIOT 1-2 Kal.IOMH
a30TIIOH KHCJIOTbI; eCJIH oHa paCTBOpreTCH He IIOJIHOCTbIO, TO noc ie IIpH6aB-
JIeHHfI 6,3 MJI a30THOfI KIICJIOTbI (yA. Bec 1,4) Ha Ka>KAbie 100 MJI o6beMa
paCTBOP CTaHOBIITCn IIpo3paHHbI11I (6,3 MJI HNO3 COOTBBTCTByIOT OAHOHOpMaJIb-
11Oli KoHI;eHTpa4III1 pacTBOpa).
BHC11IyT ocaH{Aa1OT Ha xo io y (IIpH TeMIIepaType He BbIHie 10?) BOAHbIM
500-HbIM paCTBOPOM Kyr(JeppoHa, IIpH6aBJIHf1 ero no Ka1JIAM H3 61opeTKH IIpH
IIOCTOHHHOM HOMeIHIIBaHHH CTeKJIfiHHOH na.lo'iKoi3. Kyllc)eppoH IIpH6aBJI}IIOT
113 pacTieTa 15 MJI lia 0,1 r HaBeCKH MIIIIepamla. H36bITOK Kyu eppoxa He
Meu1aeT.
IIpH yKa3aHHOII IcOHAeHTpaAuH a3OTHOH KIICJIOTbI H IIpH TeMIIepaType
pacTBOpa He Bblme 10? BIICMYT KOJIHTIeCTBeHHO OTAeJIfIeTCH OT CBIIHI[a B BHAe
Kyn(jeppoxaTa BHCMyTa. OcaAon Kyn(jepponaTa BHCMyTa, COCTaB KOTOporo,
BCPORTHO, COOTBeTCTByeT c OpMyJIe [C6H5N(NO)03]Bl,- 6eiIOBaTO-xceJITb111,
XJIOHbeBHAHLII3, OTIeHb Tfi?KeJIbIi3. OH 6bICTpO co6HpaeTCH B KOMKH H He 3a6H-
BaeT HOP 4)IIJIbTpa. HocJie 3TOPO ocaAOK HeMeAJIeHHO OT())IIJIbTPOBbIBa1OT Tlepe3
IIJIOTIIbIH (JHJIbTP (CiIHHfI JIeHTa), uoA AaBJIeHneM, Ha BOpOHKe c IIJIaTHHOBbI111
KOHyCOM. HpOMbIBaIOT XOJIOAHbIM 0,1 %-HbIM BOAHbIM paCTBOpOM Ky1C)eppona,
noAICHCJIeHHbIM a30THO1I KIICJIOTOH, CHaTiaJia 2-3 pa3a AeKaIlTai[He1I, a 3aTeM
Ha ())HJIbTpe, AO HCTIe3HOBeHHsT CJIeAOB KIICJIOTbI. 'ITO6bI OTMbITb ocaAou, o6bITi-
1I0 jOCTaTOTIHO 100-150 MJI IIpOMbIBHO11 9KHAKOCTH. (DHJIbTpaT coxpax}IIOT.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
126 B. M. Cenaepoea
OcaAOK, xopouiO 0T3HaTb1ii, HoMelgalOT 130 B3Be11IeHHbliI Ilapl opOBb1II 113111
KBap1 eBbIli TIIFOJIL 11 OCTOpOIKHO 030JIHIOT C H3IbTp Hpii CJIa60M HarpeBaHI111
Timm Ha ceTKe ii3111 3JIeICTpOHJIHTKC. No ox3Ia1HJeH1111 coAep5KIIMOe THI'JIH
CManIlBa1OT 2-3 KaIIJiaMH a30THOR hlICJIOTmI, cIlaga3la BbIIIapIIBaIOT Aocyxa
Ha BOAHHOIi 6aHe, 3aTCM OCTOpo J,BeLI11BaI1IIH pacTBopa). BoJIbIHOI3 II36bITOK cepH011 KHCJIOTM MemaeT KOJ10-
pHMeTpHp0BaHHIo, HO3TOMy ere, yAa3I34IOT BbIIIapIlBaHIIeM, HO He Aocyxa.
CIiBB CTaKaH C IIJIIITKII, paCTBOp pa36aBJIIIIOT 20-30 MJI BOAbI, KHHHTHT 11
HO OXJIaH CHII11 IIepeBOAHT B MepHyIO KOJ16y. AJInIKBOTHyIo HaCTb paCTBOpa
IIepeBOJ1;HT B 4HJIHHAp Ha 100 MJI C HpIITepTOI3 11po6KOIi. HpH6aBJIHIOT 4 A1JI
HNO3, 10 MJI CBel{eIlpIIrOTOBJIeHHOro 10 %-noro pacTBopa TIIOMOLIeBH-
Hbi II BOALI go MCTK11; COAeplHnMoe AIIJIIIHApa TJJ aTeJlbHO 11epeMemHBa-
IOT 11 cpaBHHBaJoT 3KeJITyIO OKpacicy pacTBopa c oHpacHOII CTaHJ(apTHoro
pacTBopa.
C T a it A a P T H bl li p a c T B o p. B Mepxblli L IJJI11HAp Ha 100 MJI HaJI1I-
BaIOT 30-40 MJi BOAbI, 4 M3I HN03, 10 A1Jl 100/o-Horo pacTBopa TI3OMOLIe-
B11HbI 11 113 61opeTEII (JIyLlme 1I3 mmHpo61opeTIII) CTaHAapTHbIH paCT130p
BIICMyTa, COAepH a11j;1111 B I MJI 0,0001 r Bi; 3aTCM AO6aBJIH1OT BOALI Ao
MCTKII.
O 11 p e j 0 JI e 11 II C C B 11 H Ii, a. KyI1(JleppOHOBbIIi paCTBOp HOCJIe OTAeJ1e-
HIiH BIICMyTa BbI11apIlBalOT HpH cJIa6oM HarpeBaHHH Ha 3J1eKTp01JIHTKe IIO'ITII
Aocyxa, 3aTe1%I o6pa6aTblBaloT 20-30 3031 (1 : 1) cepxoii KJCJIOTbI AO IIoHBJie-
HHH ryCTJIX IIapOB cepHoro aHI'HAp11Aa.
Eciiii paCTBOp olIpailelI, HpH0aBJ1HIOT eiAe a3oTHOII KIICJIOTbI H BbIIIapH-
BaloT AO IIOJIHOro cropaHIIH opraHH'ieciloro BeIL eCTBa, nociie ilero o6pa6aTbl-
BaIOT BOAOIi H AOBOAHT BHOBb go ryCTbIX 11apOB cepHoro aH1'1IApIl a. Ho ox-
1aiKAeIHH3 COA0p3K11AIOe cTa1ala pa36aBJI5I1oT BOAOII c pacHeTOM IIOJIy-
HeHHH 10" 0-HOro (no o6'beMy) cepHOKuICJloro pacTBopa, AOBOAHT AO KHIIeHHH
11 OCTaBJIHIOT CTOHTb Ha HOHL. Ha cJIeAyI011 idi ACHb BbiAeJIIIBm1IicH oca-
AOK CCpHOKIICJIoro CB1iH1 a OT()I1J1bTpOBbIBaIOT 'Iepe3 HJIOTHbIIi Cl11JIbTp
(CIIHHII JIeHTa) II 11pOAlbIBaIOT XOJIOAHbiM 1 %-HbIM paCTBOpOM CepHO1i
KIICJIOTbI.
OcaAoi cyJlb(aTa CBHIIga o6pa6aTbIBaIOT IIpII K11IIH-WHIIII 10-20 AIJI
35%-HO1'O pacTBopa yHeycliomICJIOr0 aMMOHHH C HeCKOJIbIHMH 11a1JIHM11
yHCyCHOIi KHCJIOTbI B CTal axe, B KOTOpOM HpOHCXOAHJIO ocaaKAeHhIe; f HJILTp
HpCABapl1TeJIbHO pa3pbIXJI31I0T CTeHJIHHIIOII IIa3IO'IKoii.
PaCTBOp y}CyCH01113C3loro CBItHIZa IM11JIbTpyIOT ti0pe3 ~11JiLTp (crnIHH
JIeHTa) H IIPOMbIBaIOT rOpHTTIIM paCTBOpOAM BOAbI C HCCICOJIbIMAIH M11JI3111MCTpaMH
yICyCHOKICJToro aMMOH11H. O6'bei pacTBopa AOJISKe1 6bITb 0110310 150-200 mil.
B HarpeTblll AO KiIIIeHIIH paCTBOp y11CyCHO1iIICJIOrO CBHHAa IIp116aBJIHIOT 110
IiaIIJIHM 1136b1TO11 B 10-20 ma HacbIH);eIIHoro pacTBopa AByX OMOBOKHCJIOro
KaJIlH. KIIIIHTHT 2-3 MHHyTbI11 OCTaBJIHIOT Ha 12 =iacoB. OcaAoH IByxpOMOBO-
IiIICJIOrO CBHH1 a OTI IIJIbTpOBbIBa1OT BO B3BemeHHbII3 T11reJIb IYIOTTa (,N? 4) HpH
CJIa6oM OTCaCbIBamin H IIpOMbIBalOT ropit eIi BOAOII C HCCKOJIbI HMII KaIIJIHMH
yHCyCH011 KHCJIOTbI AO IIOJIHOI'O o6eC1.[BeiI11BaHIIH pacTBopa. T11reJIb C
OCaAKOM BbICym11BaIOT IIp11 TeMIIepaType 130? go HOCTOHHHOFO Beca it
B3BeIIIIIBalOT.
KO3(J4H1>;HeHT iiepeC=IeTa xpOMOBOKIICJIOro CB11HJ Ha CBIIHeA - 0,6411.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
.61cntot)ba xu. fu'echoio ax.anuaa eunoeehnbix it ou.nepeehubix .+tuHHeparioa euc. yma 127
0 H p e g e JI e H it a 1 e g H. B 3aBHC14MOCTn OT co epSEaHHa (nHTeH-
CIIBHOCTII oIipaCKH pacTBopa) oupeAeJieHHe Mej{II IIpOH3BOAnT 3JIeICTpOJIHTH-
MIeCKHM HJIH KOJIOpHMCTpH eCKHM cnoco6o i. AiiMnanHbIYI paCTBOp McJ{I3 HO,--
H1ICJIaIOT COJIa13OH KHCJIOTOII CHa'Iajla go HeiiTpaJIbHOii peaI~t>;1IH, a 3aTeM np11-
6aBJI34I0T n0 2-3 MJI ee Ha Kan: Iio 100 MJI o6'beMa II oca+caiOT McJ[b CepOBO-
AopoAoM. BbinaBHIIII CyJIb(IIJ[ McJ;Ii OCTaBJIHIOT CTOTITI, AO CJIeJ(yioIi~erO A1151.
Ha CJi0AyIOIIiHH A0Hb ocaJ(oH CyJlb(()Ii MOAII OT(HJIbTpOBbIBa10T gepe3 [JJHJIbTp
(6eJiaa JienTa), II OMbIBa1OT cep0BOJ[OpoAHOIi BOA OR, HoMen[aiOT B (ap(opo-
BblIi TIIreJIb, OCTOpoHCHO o6yrJlnBaIOT Ha JIJIIITKe HJIH Ha ceTKC, 3aTeM npO-
KaJlnBaIOT B My( eJle IIPH TeMHo-HpacnoM KaJIeHHiI go OKHCIT. OKncb Mej[ii
cujIaBJInIOT C He60JibIIII4M Hoam IeCTBOM nHpocyJlb()aTa HaJllin 14JIII HaTpna.
CIIJiaB Bbi eJia' IIBaloT ropaileII BOAOII AO o6'beMa 70-80 MJI, HoAKHcJI5H0T
1 MJI a3oTHOII KncJIOTbI (yJ{. Bee 1,4) c Hpn6aBJleHHeM 4-5 HalleJib cepHOIi
KHCJIOTbI (yJS. Bec 1,84) It McAb oIIpeAeJIJIOT 3JIeHTpoJIHTHq0CHH. BbiJ.[eJIeH-
HyIo Ha 3JieKTpOAe 111eJ[b B3BeI1IHBaIoT. EcriH I[BeT BbIJ;eJIIIBIIIeI1Ca M0 I4
TeMnbru, 'ITO yKa3bIBaeT Ha npHHCyTCTBHe BHCMyTa ocaj o MeJ{H 11 BIIC-
MyTa Ha aJIeIiTpoge paCTBOpa10T Hpl iiarpeBaHnII B BOAe, coJlep} cau eYi 4 MJI
HNOa.
A3oTHOKIIcJIbIH paCTBOP (MeJl,b + BIICMYT) nepCBOA5T B MepHbHH IkIIJHh1I I)
Ha 100 MJI, pa36aBJIuIOT BOgOH J[O 90 MJI, nOCJie HepeMelmlBaHI1a HpH6aBJulIOT
10 MJI 10%-Horo pacTBopa TnOMOtIeBIIHbI, CHOBa Bee nepeMeIIIlIBaiOT H CpaB-
ItnBaIOT Co CTaHAapTHbTM pacTBOpOM BHCDiyTa (CM. cTp. 126). He60JIbiuII0 lio-
JIWIeCTBa 1110J(11 OnpeJ.{eJIaIOT KOJIOpIIMeTp1TI0CKHD1 McTOAoM.
Cepitomic mIIi paCTBOp McJUH IIepeBOJ[5T B I[HJIHHJ),p Ha 100 MJI C HpllTepTOii
np06KoIi it, Ilpii B36aJITbIBaHnn, HpIl6aBJIfIOT peaKTHBbI B TaHOH noCJIeJ(o-
BaTCJIbHOCTII. 10 MJI 25%-Horo NH4OH, 10 MJI 3?i)-Horo pacTBopa Ca-
JIIIA14JIOBOIUICJIOrO HaTpiis, 2 MJi 6e1I31lAutia (0,1 r 6eH3uAHHa paCTBOpHIOT
B100 MJI 20 %-iioI3 yRCyCHOII KIICJIOThI) H 1 MJI 1 %-Horo pacTBopa giiaH1ICTO-
rO HaJina.
PaCTBOP B giiiiHHJApe pa36aBJIIIOT 10 McTKH BOJ(Oll, nepellieIIllIBaiOT 11
CpaBH1IBaIOT c anaJlorH'lHo IIpnrOTOBJIeHHbIM CTaHJ[apTHb111I paCTBOpOM
111ej[n. OKpaCKn HeycTOiiLIHBbl. KOJIOpnMeTpIIpOBaHYIe IIp0n3BOAfT HeMej-
JIeIIHO.
0it pe;Ae ieit it e ?KeJIe3a, ait to Mit Hit a, KaJlbA1IIt 11
M a r it it it. OIIpeJ[eJleHlie yKa3aHHbIX 3JIeMCHTOB npOH3BOJ[}T 113 4)I1JIbTp33Ta
nom e ocannJ(eHHa Bi, Pb H Cu CepOBOJ{OpOJ[oM. }KeJIe3o o6bIIHO oupeAeJInio1'
HoJlopiLMeTp1tiecRH C CyJIb()ocazIJI IJIOBOKIiCJIbIM HaTpileM. (D11JIbTpaT uII-
IIaTaT B 3axpbITOM cTanane AJIR ygaJIeHna cepoBOgopoJJ;a, 3aTeM Bbinap11BaloT
go HC60JIbinOFO o6'beMa, o1HCJ1a10T 3-5 MJI a30THOIi HHCJIOTbI (YR. Bee 1,4)
H KHIIaTI1T 5 MHHyT. OCa EjaIOT rIU pO0KHCb ?Keiie3a H aJIIOMIHHH aMMHaHOM
g0 HOJIBJIeHHU O'ieHb c ia6oro 3anaxa, OT()HJIbTpOBbIBalOT ocaJ[on Tlepe3 (HJibTp
(KpaCHaa JIeHTa) H IIpoMblBalOT ropaiIHM 2%-HbIM paCTBOpoM a30THOHHCJIOro
aMMOHHI1 AO oTprAaTeJlbHOI3 peauAiiil Ha XJIOp (IIpo6a AgN03). EciiH ocaJio1;
R(OH)3 6oJIbIIIOI3, ero HepeocaSKJ(aIOT. HpOMLITEIII OcaJ[OK c5K11ralOT H IIpOKa-
JIHBaIOT BO B3BemieHHOM HJIaTHHOBOM IIJIH ap(OpOBOM THPJIe go IIOCTO}IJIHOr(
BeCa H B3BeIJIIIBa1OT B BII a R2O3. B3B0IneHHLIH ocaJ[on 8203 ciuiaBJIHIOT
c He6OJibIIIIIM KoJIHileCTBOM HHpOCepHOKHCJIOro KaJiua (K2S2O7). B CJlyitae
6oJIbIIIOrO ocaJ[Ka R203 cIJiaB BbI1I[eJiaquBaIOT 2,5%-HOH cepnou RHCJIOTOIi,
AKeJIe3o BOCCTaHaBJIHBalOT CepOBOJOpOJ1,OM HO MaprepnTy 11 3aKaHii1BaloT
onpeAeJIeHHe )He.Ie3a THTpOBaHHeM KMnO 4.
llpH coAep H Hn1l ueJie3a B HpegeJiaX J[eCHTbIX JSOJIeii npogeIITa I1HpOCyJIb-
(laTHblYi CHJIaB paCTBOpaIOT B C0JIRHOii KHCJIOTC H nepeBOA}T B Mepnyl0
Hoj16y. HpH6aBJIaIOT 15-20 MJI 20%-Horo pacTBopa CyJIb4)OCaJIIIqWIJIOBOIi
nHCJIOTbi it aM111naIa go He ycnJIHBa101I[ellca 6oJlee onpacHH it cpaBHI1BaIOT
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
c OHpacHoli CTaHgaPTHOTO paCTBopa }neJIe3a B HOJ[opnMeTpe. AJIIOMHHHiI
OIIpegeJIHIOT no pa3HOCT14.
KaJIbi);HiI H MarHHH OIIPOJ CJIHIOT B (HJIbTpaTe IIOCJie OTAeJieHIIH rHJ;po-
ounceH ?HeJie3a Ii aJIIOMHHHH. OnpeAeJIeHHe 3THX 3JIeMeHTOB 11pOn3BOJ[HTCH
Tait we, Han B allaJIH3ax CHJIHIiaTOB.
C11 CTeIaTH'iecHIIH XOA aHaJIH3a MHiiepaJIOB
BIICMyTa, coJ(epH{aigiix CypbMy, MbIIIIbHH, BHCMyT,
CBHHeA, Me Jib, SHeJIe3o, HaJIbIIII YI H MarHii H. HaBecny
MHHepaJia B 0,25-0,30 r o6pa6aTMBaIOT 10 MJI a30THOR HIICJIOTbl (yJ(. Bee 1,4)
IIpH CJIa60M HarpeBaHHH, B TeileHHe IIpH6JIH3HTeJIbHO 5-10 MHHyT, B cTanaHe,
3aitpbITOM 1IaCOBbIM CTeIJIOM. CHHB C 3JIenTpOIIJIHTH11, paCTBOP pa36aBJIAIOT
ropff'Ieii BOAoIl go 70-80 MJI 11 HarpeBaloT go niIIeHHR, HHIIHTFIT 2-3 MH-
I-IyTbi, OT(HJIbTPOBbIBaIOT IlepaCTBOpHMbIiI OCTaTOK H IIPOMbIBaIOT rop5ILIeli
BOAOR C HeCHOJIbKHMII HaIIJIHMH a30THOH HHCJIOTbI. DHJIbTpaT coxpaHRIOT.
OCTaTOH cmuraiOT B CMeCH a30THOH H 7-8 ma cepHOiI HIICJIOTiI go IIOHBJIeHHH
IIapoB cepnoro aHr1ApHJ(a. A3oTHOH HHCJIOTbI IIpH6aBJIJ1IOT CTOJIbHO, 'jTo6b1
paCTBOp HOCJIe OTALIMJIHBaHHH 6biJ1 6ecJIBeTHbIM. ECJiH paCTBOP onpainH-
BaeTCFI, np116aBJIJIIOT ej(e a30THOH HHCJIOTbl H CHOBa J{OBOASIT gO IIOFIBJIeHHH
IIapOB CepHOro aHr1gp1ga. ECJIH ocaJ;OH TPYJ[HO pa3JlaraeTCH, IIpH6aBJIFIIOT
2-3 r CepHOnHCJioro HaJIHSI H CHJIbHO HarpeBaloT. Ho oxiian eHHn pa36aB-
.'InIOT BOAOR AO o6'beMa 70-80 i.ui, HarpesaioT 90 HiiIIeHHTI 11 HHIIHTFIT 2-3 MH-
HyTbI. Hpi HaJIHi1HH He3Ha'IHTeJIbxon MYTH ee OT(HJIbTpOBbIBa10T H onpeAe.IHiOT
Han HepaCTBOPIIMbIi3 OCTaTOH. 06a IIOJIyTIeHHbIX (HJIbTpaTa - a3OTHOnHCJIbIiI
11 CepHOHIICJIbiii - IIOABepraioT o6pa6oTHe CepOBO0POAOM (Ha1njui t B oTAeJIb-
IIOCTH).
BMnaBIIIHe CyJIb(1HJ{bl McTaJIJIOB Ha CJIeJIyIOH;Ihi1 J(ellb OT[JHJIbTpOBh1BaIOT
-iepe3 C1HJIbTP (6eJiax JIeHTa) H HPOMbIBaIOT eepOBOAOpoJ[HOH BOAOH. OcaJ{nn
CyJIb()HAOB coeJ{HHHIOT, Tann a COeAHHnIOT (BMeCTe) H ())HJIbTpaTbl JJ;JI1I onpe-
,IeJIOHHH B HHK McJle3a, a.ilOMHHHl1, HaJIbAHFI II MarHHI3. 3TH 3JI0M0HTbI OIIpe-
,IeJIFIIOTCH Kan yna3aHO BEIIIIe (CTp. 128). 06a CyJIb(IIAHLIX ocagHa (Sb, As,
Bi, Pb, Cu) IIOMe11J IOT B OJ;HH CTaHaH H O6pa6aTbIBaIOT 20-30 MJI CepHHCTOr0
aMMOHIIH. Pa3JgeJIeHHe 3JIeMeHTOB ileTBepTOii H ]EDITOR rpyHII B IIPHCYTCTBHH
B11CMyTa HPOH3BOJ;SIT CePHHCTbIM ammoHneh, an Han B CePHHCTOM HaTPHH
BHCMyT giaCTH*IHO paCTBOpHM. CTanaH C COAePwHMbIM CTaBIIT CHatIajia Ha Tell-
JIyiO BOJ 5JHyiO 6aHIO, a 3aTOM OCTaBJISIIOT CTOIITb 11PH HOMHaTHOII TeMIIepaType
J{O cJieJ;yloinero AHn. Ha CJIegyIOn 11i3 geHb ocaAoit CyJIb(HAOB OT(JJHJIbT-
POBbIBaIOT tiepe3 (4HJIbTp (6eJIan JieHTa) H IIPOMbIBaIOT CepoBOJ{OpOJ;HOH
BOAOR C He6oJIbfIHM HOJIHileCTBOM CepHHCTOPO aMMOHHfi. B ocajHe -
-BHCMyT, CBHHel; H McJ;b (MeAb tIaCTIPJHO pacTBopena B CePHHCTOM aMMo-
IiHH).
B TOM CJIyTIae, Horga McAH B MHHepaJlax MaJIO, 3THM MOMHO IIpexe6peqb.
BCJIH we MOJ[b HMeeTCFI B 3Hai1HTeJIbHOM HoJIHtIeCTBe, IIOCTy1aIOT CJIegy1OIi[HM
o6pa3oh: CyJlb(OCOJIH (CypbMa, Mbinib5in H 'laCTWIHO McJ{b) IIOA1HCJIHIOT
COJIFIHOn HHCJIOTOH (no JIanMycy), IIp16aBJISIIOT H36MITOR IIOCJIeAHel3 -
3-5 MJI Ha Hawgme 100 MJI paCTBopa H ocanCgaIOT CepOBOAOpOAOM. Ocagon CyJIb-
(1HAOB OT(HJIbTPOBbIBaIOT *Iepe3 (DHJIbTp (6eJIan JIeHTa) H IIPOMbIBaIOT
5-7 pa3 BOJ(OII, HaCLIII1eHHOiI cepoBOAopoAoM. AJIII yBOpeHHOCTII B IIOJIHOM
OTJ(eJIeHHn McJ[H IIp0BOA11Tj AOIIOJIHHTeJIbHYIO onepauliio C COPHHCTbIM
HaTpHeM.
Ocagon CyJlb(HAOB (Sb, As H TiaCTHLIHO CU) BMOCTe C (HJIbTPOM nepeHOCHT
B CTanaH, B HOTOPOM 11pOH3BOJ;HJIOCb ocahn eHHe, 3aJIIIBaIOT ero 10-20 mil
10 %-noro pacTBopa ceps is oro HaTPH$I H CTaB}IT in Tempo 6axio Ha 1-
2 data, a 3aTeM OCTaBJISIIOT CTOHTL IIpH noMHaTHOi3 TeMIIepaType J{O cJleRylo-
;iAero AHn. Ocaj[on, COCTOB11 IT ITS MeAH, OT(IHJIbTpOBbIBaIOT *iepe3 (HJIbTp
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
.1leino8ni xUJtuuecnoeo awaauaa eunoeetwbax u eunepeew/tbIX .Muuepanoe euc..tyma 129
(6e:taH iieHTa), IIpO-IbIBaIOT CePOBOAOPOAHOIT BOAOi3 c cepI{ICTbIM HaTPHeM II
IIpucoeAHHHIOT K OCHOBHOMy oeaAKy (Cl:i. CTp. 128). CypbMa H MbIIIlb}K B BHAe
CyJIb( IOCOJiel3 OCTaIOTCH B paCTBOpe.
0TAealeIIii e MbIIIIbHKa OT CypbMbl H oii pe JeJleHii e
C y p b M bI. IIpHMeIIHIOTCH CJIeJ.);yIOl(He BapHaHTbI oTAeJIeHHH MbIIIIbHKa OT
CypbMbl.
1) OCaxiAenneM CepoBOAopOAOM npll TeMnepaType 4? B CHJIbHOKHCJIOl3
CpeAe (ABe 'IaCTH COJIHHOII HIICJIOTbI, OAHa ilaCTb BOAhI). CypbMa npH yKa3aH-
IIbIX TeMnepaType II K0HgeHTpal(IIII OCTaeTCH B paCTBOpe.
2) OTronxoR x iopHAa TpexBaJleHTHoro MbIIIIbRKa B npII6ope JIeAe6ypa.
Sb OCTaeTCH B paCTBOpe.
3) OTAeJIeHHe MMIUMgKa rHIIO()OC()HTOM HaTpns HJIll HaJIbI;HH H3 pacTBopa,
coJ(epiKai ero 50% (Ho o6'beMy) COJIHHOH KIICJIOTbI.
ABTOP OTAaeT IIpeAIIO'ITeHHe IIepBOMy BapnaHTy.
M1IIUbsH, B 3aBncl mIOCTII OT npegrioJlaraeMOrO ero coAepSKaHHH, oupe-
;AeJIHIOT pa3HbIMn cnoco6aMn: ec ni ero Mnoro,- no McTOAy JIeAe6ypa; He-
6oJIbIIIHe KOJnl'IecTBa (nopnRKa 1-5%) onpeAeJIHIOT ruII04)0 C HTHbIM McTo-
AOM. 1.IpOIIIICb McTOAOB onpeAeJieHnn CYPbMbI 11 MbIMbHKa CM. 1,HJIJIe6paHA
II JIeHAeJlb (1935); (Dai n6epr (1953).
M c T O A H K a a l l a i i H 3 a B T O PH 'IHbIX C K o T O p b I X BxoAHT Bi, Pb, Cu, Fe, Al, Ca, Mg,
Cl, W H Mo. HaBecxy B 0,25-0,30 r O'Ienb TOHICO 143MeJIb'IeHHOro MHnepaJla
nOMel 1OT B CTaKaH eMKOCTblo 200-250 MJI, IIPHJIHBaIOT 3-5 bill COJIHHOli
KHCJIOTbI H 10-15 MJI a30THOH KIICJIOTbl. CTaKaH HaIpbIBaIOT 'IaCOBbIM CTenJloM,
norpya aIOT B Hero cTeKJIHnHyIO naiio'IKy II CTaBHT paCTBOp Ha BOAHHyIO 6aHlo.
06pa3OBaBIHIIRCH iipii pa3JIO5KeHIIH KaHapee'IHO-?KeJITbII3 ocaAon yxa3blBaeT
Ha npncyTCTBIIe BoJIb()paMOBOH II MOJIH6AeHOBOi3 KHCJIOT. LaJlbHe1IIIee BbI-
Hapusanne pacTBopa IIpoH3BOAHT B OTKpbITOM cTaxane. CyxOII OCTaTOK cia-
'IIIBaIOT 10 MJI a30TIIOi3 KIICJIOTbI, ciierKa HarpeBaIoT, pa36aBJIHIOT ropHUell
BoAoi3 go o6,bebia 60-70 bIJ1, npu6aBJIHIOT neMHOrO MaqepnpoBannoll 6yMarH,
HarpeBaIOT AO KHIIeHIIH II d)IhJlbzpy1OT. OcaAon, COAep?mul Illi BOJIb(bpaMOBYIO
uHCJIOTy H KpeMHeIHCJIOTy, OT(HJIbTpOBbIBaIOT 'Iepe3 IIJIOTHbIH (HJIbTp (CH-
J{HH JleHTa), IIpOMbIBa1OT 7-10 pa3 rop5'Ieil BOAOI1, IIOAKHCJIBHHOII HeCKOJIb-
IiIIMH KaIIJIHMH a30THOII KHCJIOTbI. PIIJIbTpaT COXpaHHIOT AJIH onpeAeileHHH
Bi, Pb, Cu, Fe, Ca H Mg (cm. cTp. 125).
ECJIII B COCTaB mimepaiia BXOAIIT eMe MoJII16AeH, ero onpeAelIHIOT B (3I3JIb-
TpaTe HOCJie OTAeJIeHHH BoJlb(paMa II B BbIAeJIeHHOII uociie upoxaJIIIBaHHH
TpexoxllCH BOJIb( paMa (CM. cTp. 132). HpoMbITbIII OcaAon, COAepSKaII[lIII TpeX-
ol{HCb BOJIb()paMa II KpeMIHeIHCJIOTY, BMeCTe C (JHJIbTPOM HoMelll;aIOT B CTaHaH,
B KOTOpOM IIpOH3BOAHJIOCb oca?H enne, H o6pa6aTbIBalOT 20-25 ma 10%0-noro
aMMI1ala, HarpeBaIOT IIO'ITH AO KHneHnu 11 #JIbTPYIOT uepe3 (HJIbTp (CHnl
.;Ie11Ta) BO B3BemeHHy}O nilaTIIHOBylo Tammy.
RJin 60JIbHIeII VBepeHHOCTH 4)IIJIbTP C B03MOWKHO OCTaBIIIHMCH He60JIbMIIM
uoZn'IeCTBOb1 BOJlb(JpaMOBOII KHCJIOTbI BTOpu'IHO 06pa6aTLIBaIOT IIpH Harpe-
BaHIIH B TOM Hie canon CTanaHe 5-10 MJi 10%-noro ammHaKa. OCTaTOK
OT(HJIbTpOBLIBaIOT uepe3 4)HJIbTp (6eJIa5 JIeHTa), a 4)HJIbTpaT IIPHCOeALIHHIOT
K pane HOJiy'ICHHOMY paCTBOpy BOJIbc paMaTa ammOHnu, HaXOAHIImeMycn
B IIJIaTHHOBOH 'IamKe. PaCTBOp B 'ialnn BbinapHBaIOT Ha BOAHHOH 6ane Ao-
cyxa, 3aTeM OTALIMJIHBaIOT Ha ropeilKe Tenino H npo1aJIIIBaIOT B Te'IeHHe
10-15 MHHyT B My()eJle IIpl1 TeMnepaType TeMHO-KpacHoro KaiieHHH (600-
700?). TpexoKHCb BOJIb(IpaMa IIpH 6oiiee BbICOKOII TeMlepaType JICTy'Ia.
IIaIIIKy c OcaAKOM oxiiaxuAaioT B 3KCHKaTOpe H B3BeIIIHBaIOT.
OcaAon nponaJTHBaIOT AO IIOCTOHHHOrO Beca. COAepwaHHe W03 (B ?'o)
BbI'IHCJIHIOT HO ( OpMyJIe:
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
~V03- (a-b).100
H
rAe a - Bee gauiEil C TPCXOKICbIO BOJIbc paMa; b - Bee IIyCTOH garnICli;
H - HaBecKa B rpaMMax.
OKHCb BoJn paMa HPOBepfIIOT Ha coAepHCaHHe B HeI3 MOJIH6AeHa. OeaAoi
B IIJIaTHHOBOU gaiiiHe, coAep?HaMIIfi TpexOKIICb BOJIb(IpaMa it LIaCTH IHO oKHCb
MoJ1II6Aena, CnJIaBJIHIOT c K2S2O7. CIIJIaB BbIIIke.Ia'IHBaIOT ropflileI3 BOAOII,
KHII}IT$IT B HPIICYTCTBIIH MaI1epHpoBaHHOI3 6yMarH H OT4JHJIbTPOBbIBaIOT OCHOB-
HyIO MaCCy BOJIbcpaMOBOH KIICJIOTbI *iepe3 IIJIOTHbII ( HJIbTp (CHHcIH JIeHTa).
(DIIJIbTpaT nepeBOA}IT B MepHyIO KOJ16y II AOBOAHT AO McTKH 5%-HOII CepHOII.
KHCJIOTOII.
B aJIHKBOTHOII LIaCTH pacTBopa onpeAeJlfIfoT MOJIII6AeH KOJJOpHMeTpHIJecKU:
(CM. onpeAeJieHIIe MOJIH6AeHa B HPHCyTCTB1IH BOJIbcIIPaMa cTp. 132).
HepacTBOpIIMbIii OCTaTOK HOCJIe o6pa60TKH aMMHaKOM CHCIIralOT, npolca-
JIHBaIOT npH TeMnepaType 600-700? H B3BeMHBaIOT. EcJIH OH OKpameH
B CJierKa HfeJITbIYI ABeT, 3TO yKa3blBaeT Ha cogepHCaHHe B HeM TpeXOKHCH
BOJIbc paMa. BOJIb(paM B HeM onpeAeJIHIOT KOJIOpHMeTPHileCKIIM McTOAOM,
KOTOPbIII OCHOBaH Ha o6pa3OBaHIIH oipamennoro KOMIIJIeHCHOPO Coe);1HeHHfH
IIHTHBaJIOHTHOPO BOJII paMa c poAa1HAaMH. IIpoxa.leHHblfl OCTaTOK Hepe-
BOAHT B HceJIe3HbIH IIJIII HHKeJIeBbIII THreJIb II CIIJIaBJIfIIOT C 2,5 r u eJIwIH
(NaOH HJIII KOH); u eJIOLIHOl3 CIIJIaB paCTBOpfT}OT B BOAC H IlepeBOA5IT B Mep-
Hylo KoJi6y Ha 100 MJI. AJIHKBOTHyIO iIaCTb pacTBopa IIOMenkaIOT B Apyrylo
KOJ16y, eMKOCTbIO 100 MJI, IIOAKHCJIfIOT COJIHHOI3 KIICJIOTOII AO KHCJIOII peaK-
gHII, IIpH6aBJIHIOT n36bITOK B 35 MJI COJIfHOII KHCJIOTLI (yA. Bee 1,19), 3aTeM
2,5 MJI 25%-Horo pacTBopa poJ.[aHHCTOro aMMOIIIIB, 10-15 ma 10 %-Horo
pacTBopa CBeme HpHrOTOBJleHHoro XJIOpuCToro OJIOBa (IIpH OTCyTCTBHH MO
JIII6Aena). B IIPHCYTCTBIIH Mo.IH6Aena BMOCTO XJIOPHCTOrO OJIOBa BBOAHT'
15-20%-HbIfI paCTBOp TpeX JIOpHCTOrO THTana 11JIH TpeXBaJIeHTHblf3 cBe1Ce-
BoecTanoBJleHHblfl CepHOKIICJIM TIITaH. PaCTBOp TIITana npH6aBJIf1IOT no
KaIIJISIM H3 KaueJIbHHIuiI B KOJIIILIeCTBe 5-6 KaIIeJIb H 3aTeM H36MTOK B 2-
3 KaIIJIH. BOJibiloI3 H36JJTOK THTaHa MOHCeT IIPIIBeCTII K HenpaBHJIbHOMY
pe3yJIbTaTy onpeAeileHHn BoJn paMa. IIpH HaJIHTIHII Bo.lbc paMa paCTBOp
oKpanmHBaeTCH B HceJIT0-3eJIeHbIH IUBeT. Howie IIpH6aBJIeHIIfi Ka}R Oro peaRTH--
Ba PaCTBOP nepeMemnBaloT. Ha16oJiee HHTenc1BHan olcpacxa AOCTHraOTCfl
Hp! CoAep!K HIIH 50% (no o6,beMy) COJIJIHOII KHCJIOTbI. OAHOBpeMeHHO C 3TIIbM
IIpHPOTOBJIHIOT CTaHAapTHblfl paCTBOp.
HOJIOpiiMeTpHpyIOT CIIyCTH 50-55 MHHyT. COAepHCaHHe BOJIbc paMa BbI-
TIIICJIfIIOT 110 c opMyJle:
WO3 = H.T.C.100
h?H
rAe H - BblCOTa CToJ16a CTaHAapTHOro pacTBopa;
C - KoJIHTieCTBO MHJIJIHMeTpOB CTaHAapTHOro pacTBopa;
T- THTp czaHAapTHoro pacTBopa;
h - BbICOTa HCCJieAyeMOro pacTBopa;
H- HaBecxa B rpaMMax.
OHpeAeJleHne Mo.7I116geHa B a3OTH0KII CJIOM p ac-
TBOpe noc ie OTAeJIeHHSH B0JIbcIJp aMa. IIpncyTCTByIOH[He
B paCTBope BHCMyT, CBIIH0II; H Mel b o6'beMHOMy onpejenneHHIO MoJIH6Aena He
MelIIalOT. A30THORHCJIMI3 paCTBOP BhIIIapHBaIOT C 20 MJI (1 : 1) cepnofl KHCJIO-
TbI AO IIO}IBJIeHHSi ryCTbIX IIapoB cepnoro aHPHgpHAa. 4.7151 pa3PyIIIOHnsi HHTpo-
3IIJICepHOI1 KHCJIOT16I cTaRaH oxJlaHCAaIOT H, o6MbiB CTeHKH BOAO13 H3 npOMbI-
BaJIKII, BHOBb BbIIIap1BaIOT AO napoB cepHoro allr11 piAa. 3Ty onepaljnlo
1OBTOp$IIOT eIAC 1-2 pa3a. CoAepHCiMoe CTaRana no oxJIaHCAeHHH pa36aBJISII0T
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Memoaba xuwuuecPoeo axanuaa eunoeenrtbix u eunepeettttbix .wuxepanoe aucwyma 131
Bogol Ao o6%eMa IIpn6JIH3HTeJIbnO 100 MJI H HarpeBalOT AJIH paCTBOpeHHx
coJlel3.
0 6 beiiHbllI M0TOA Onpege.1eHHH MOJIH6AeHa.
CepHOxnCJIbII3 paCTBOp, OXJIaHCgeHHbIII AO KOMHaTHOH TeMIIepaTypbl, BOCCTa-
HaBJIHBaIOT B Cd-peAyKTOpe AO TpexBaJIeHTHoro. BocCTaHOBJlenne MOJI1d6AeHa
B peAyITOpe IIpOHCXOAHT 6MCTpO. He cjieAyeT ynyeKaTb H3 BHAy, iITO BOJIb-
()paM TaKmKe BocCTanaBJIHBaeTCH, II03TOMy ero Heo6xoAHMo IIpeABap1TCJlbHO
OTAeJIHTb.
PaCTBOp C BOCCTaHOBJIeHHbIAl MOJIH6AeHOM co6HpaIOT B IIpHeMHYIO Koj16y,
B KOTOpyIO IIpeABap1TeJlbno HaJIHBaIOT 20-30 MJI x{eJIe3O-aMMna'IHbIX KBac-
HOB (HpnrOTOBJIeHHbIX paCTBOpenneM 14 r KBaCAOB B 1 JI BOAbI H 5 ma H2S04).
BOCCTaHOBJIeHHbI13 MoJIH6AeH, nouaAaH B npHeMHHK c OKHCHbIMH 9KeJIe3-
HhIMH KBacJ aMH, OKHCJIHeTCH H BocCTanaBJIHBaeT 3KBHBaJIeHTHOe KoJIHtIe-
CTBO HCeJIe3a, Kozopoe oTT14TpoBbnBaeTCFI 0,1 H. paCTBOpOM nepManranaTa
HaJIH H.
COAepxcaHne MoJIn6Aexa (B %), BOCCTanoBJIeHHoro 3JIeKTpoJIHTH'IeCKHAI
xaAMHeM, BbPPIHCJIHIOT no 4 opMy.Ie:
?R_ T.A?0,0032.100
rAe A - KoJIHilecTBO AMIIJTJI}MeTpOB 0,1 H. paCTBopa KMnO4i 113pacxoAOBan-
Hoe Ha THTpoBaHHe;
T - THTp 0,1 H. paCTBopa KMn04;
H - HaBecxa.
1 MJI 0,1 H. paCTBopa KMnO4 COOTBeTCTByeT 0,0032 r Mo.
PeAyKTOp UxcoHCa IIpeACTaBJIxeT co6OI3 cTeHa5iHHylo gHJIHHApIITIecxylo
Tpy6Ky, AHHHOH 25-30 CM, C BHyTpeHHHM AHaMeTPOM 18-20 MM. BepXHHH
ROHCJ Tpy6KH mapoo6pa3HO pacmnpeH H BMenlaeT 75 MJI paCTBopa; HHmEHHl1
KOHeI HMeeT CTeHJIBHHbIYI Kpan H oxaHiInBaeTCH OTBOAHOII Tpy6KOI3, AJIHHOII
OKOJIO 20 CM, C BHyTpeHHHM AHaMeTpOM 5 MM.
B HH,ICHeI3 LIaCTH peAyKTOpa IIOMeu;aeTCH IIJIOTHbIII CJIOH CTeKJIHHHOH BaThI.
Hag CJIOeM BaTbi IIOMeu(aeTCFI 3JIe1TpOJInTnileCHHH KaAM1H. Hepej yIIOTpe6-
JlenneM peAyHTOp npOMbIBaIOT 5 %-HbIM paCTBOpOM CepHOII KHCJIOTbI. PeAYRTOP
HpHCoeAHHFIIOT IIpH IIOMOII[H pe3HHOBOH IIpo6KH C AByMH OTBepCTHHMH K npHeAi-
HHKy, B KOTOpOH IIpepBap1TCJIbHO HaJIHBaIOT 20-30 MJI paCTBopa OKHCHbIX
mKe3Ie30-aMMHa5HbIX KBacHOB.
B npHeMHHK IIpollycKalOT B TetleHHe 5-10 MHHyT TOK yrJlex1CJIOThI AJ1$I
yAaJIeHnn 133 HerO B03Ayxa, riot ie 'Iero npHCTynaIOT K nponycxannio iiepe3
PeAYRTOP HO KaIIJISiM 1CCJlegyeMOrO paCTBOpa, cJIeAH 3a TeM, 1JTO6bL yPOBenb
paCTBopa B pegyHTope Bce BpeMH HaxoAHJICH HecxoJibxo BLIme ypOBHSI KaA-
AInH. OKOHLIHB nponycxanne Hcc3leAyeMoro paCTBopa, npOMbIBaIOT PeAYRTOP
1 -2 pa3a 5 %-HbMM paCTBOPOM CepHOH KHCJIOTbI n 1-2 pa3a BogOli. OAHO-
BpeMeHHO HpOBOAFIT .IrJIyxon>) OnbIT.
MOJIn6geH no xOAy allaJl143a oca?KgaeTCFI BMeCTe c ApyrIM1 3JIeMeHTaMu
cepoBogopogoM H, npn pa3geJIeHHH 1IeTBePTO11 11 UBTOH rpynn 3JIeMeHTOB Cep-
HHCTbIM aMMOHHeM HJIH CepHHCTLIM HaTpneM, nepeXOAIIT B UJITyIO rpyllny,
OAHaHo KoJIJ4geCTBennoro ocaHCAeHHH MOJIn6geHa cepOBOAOpOAOM He nponc-
XOgHT.
He6oJIbmne KOJIHTieCTBa ero, He OCaa eHHble cepOBOAOpOAOAM, B AaJlbHeli-
meM xoAe aHaJH13a He MemaloT.
H0JIopHMeTp11TIeCKH11 McT0A 0ii pegeJleHHgI Al0-
JI n 6 g e H a. McTOA OcnoBaH Ha o6pa3oBaHIIH OKpameHHoro KoMfJIexcnoro
coegnnenun IIHTIIBaJleHTHoro MoJln6gena c pOAaHHAaMH. B KagecTBe BoCCTA-
HoBHTejIeBl npnAleHHIOT gByxJIOpnCToe OJIOBO H THOMOLIeBIIHy, cnoco6Hble Boc-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
132 B. M. Cenaepoea
cTaHOBlTb IIIeCTHBaJIeHTHLIII MOJIII6JSeH go IIFJTIIBaJIeHTHOrO. HpHMeHeHHe
THOMOileBIIHLI B AaHHOM CJHy'Iae pHCKOBalHo, Tax KaH BHCMyT JSaeT TaKHfe
oKpauieHHblii KOMIIJIeKC C THOMO'IeBHHOii, IIO3TOMy MbI peHOMeHi(yeM IIpHMe-
HJITb J{ByxJIOpHCToe OJIOBO, a gJIH H3BJIeLIeHHSI MOJIH6geHOBOro KOMIIJIeICa -
cepHblH 3(11p. CJIeJSyeT OTMeTIITb, tITO H36bITOK AByXJIOpHCToro OJIOBa Bpe,r eH.
0,2-0,5 r HccJIeJ[yeMoro MHHepaJla cueKaIOT B (lap()opoBOM THrJIe c 5 r
cMecH OKHCH gHHKa H CoAI,J (4 : 1), Tait me KaK H IIpH onpe1 eJIeHHH cepbi
(CM. CTp. 135), CIIeK BbIH;eJIa1IHBaIOT ropHileI3 BOJ;OH, KHIIHTAT, (DHJIbTPYIOT
tIepe3 (HJIbTp (6eiian JIeHTa), IIpOMbIBaIOT 1 %-HbIM COJ;OBbIM paCTBOpOM.
(DMJIbTpaT HeI3TpaJI13yIOT CepHOH HIICJIOTOH (1 : 1) go c.na6oli peaiuHH Ha
JIaHMyC H IIepeBOJ(HT B MepHYIO Koj16y.
ECJIH HCCJIegyeMblli MHHepaii COAepHCHT BOJIb(JpaM, BBOJ(HT 5-10 MJI
50%-Horo pacTBopa BHHHOH HJIH JIHMOHHO I KHCJIOTLI, tITO6bl IIepeBeCTH BOJIb-
(J)paM B 6ecI;BeTHbIIi HoMIIJIeiC.
AJIH olpegeJIeHHH MoJIH6gexa 6epyT aJIHKBOTHyIO tlaCTb pacTBopa, IIepe-
HOCHT B MepHmA J 11JIHHgp Ha 100 ma C IIpHTepTOLI IIpo6KOii, IIp116aBJIHIOT 3 MJI
cepxoli KHCJIOTMI (1 : 1), paCTBOp oxJIaSKgaIOT go KOMHaTHOI3 TeMHepaTypbl,
pa36aBJI3II0T BOAOli go 40-50 MJI, IIpH6aBJIHIOT 2,5 MJI 25%-Horo pacTBopa
pogaHHCToro aMMOHHH 11JIH HaJIHH, 0,5 MJI 2%-Horo pacTBopa HSeJIe3o-aMMHa'I-
HbIX KBaCAOB H 2-3 MJI CBelIellplroTOBJIeHHoro 10 %-Horo pacTBopa J{ByXJIO-
pIICTOro oJIOBa. HOCJie HpH6aBJIeHHH KaH(JSoro peaHTHBa paCTBOp Tn;aTeJlbHO
HepeMelHHBaIOT.
,JIH H3BJIet1OIIHS1 oKpallIexxoro MOJIH6J(eHOBoro Ko ri eIcca IIpHJIHBaIOT
20-25 MJI cepHOaTHJIOBoro 3(lIpa, IIpHKpbIB I;HJIHH9p IIp06K0i3, BCTpHXH-
BaIOT HMAKOCTb B TetIeHHe OAHOI3 MHHyTbI, 3aTeM oxJIa?11 aIOT HODS BOgOIIpO-
BOAOM.
HpHrOTOBJleHHe CTaHgapTHMx paCTBOpoB. B c)ap-
())OpOBOM THPJie CIIeKaIOT CMeCb OKHCII r 11HKa C COgOIi B KOJIII'IecTBe, B 3-
4 pa3a 6oJIbmeM, IeM 6hIJJO B3HT0 I JIH cIIeRaHHS1 HasecKH. CIIeK BMIneJIatIH-
BaIOT ropwieii BOgOIi, KIIIIHITHT, OT(HJIbTpOBbIBaIOT tlepe3 ( HJIbTp (6eJ1an
JIeHTa) H IIpoMIIBaIOT 1 %-HiIM COJ;OBMM paCTBOpOM. (DHJIbTpaT IIOgKHCJIHIIOT
CepHOA KHCJIOTOH (1 : 1) H HepeBOAHT B COOTBeTCTBeHHO 60JIbmyio MepxyfO
KoJ16y.
H3 pacTBopa oT611paIOT B 4-5 AHJIHHApOB JSJIH KOJIOpHMeTpIIpoBaHHa
Tame me aJIHKBOTHble tIaCTH, KaK H IIpH aHaJIH3e HCCJIeJ(yeMoro MaTepHaJla,
.1 o6aBJIHIOT B HIIX H3 MIH po6IopeTKH 0,1; 0,2; 0,3 MJI II T. A. CTaHgapTHoro
pacTBopa MOJI116,I eHa, coJ(epHCaMero 0,0001 r MO B 1 MJI. H 3 MJI CepHO i KHCJIO-
TbI (1 : 1). PeaITHBM IIpII6aBJIHIOT B Tex me HOJIHtleCTBaX II B TaKoi me IIo-
cJIeAoBaTeJIbxoCTH, KaK H IIpH alaJIH30. PaCTBOpM BCTpJXIIBaIOT, oxJia-
HigaIOT IIOg BOJJOIIpOBOAoM. 3aTeM II0J;6HpaIOT AJIH cpaBHeHHH 3TaJIOHHbIH
paCTBOp, B KOTOpOM 3(HpHaH BhITHIHCKa OKpaIIIeHa OJSHHaKOBO C HCIIbITyeMbIM
paCTBOpOM.
CeJIeH H TeJIJIyp OIIpeJJ;eJIHIIOT 113 oTJSeJIbxoI3 HaBecKII. P?Meloll;HeCH B JIH-
TepaType J{aHHble 0 Heo6xOJ[HMOCTH OTAeJIeHHHI HX OT BHCMyTa, CBHH] a, Cypb-
MbI, M&IIHb!IKa B Hamel pa6oTe He IIoJSTBepJ;HJIIICb.
OIIpeAeJIeHHIO CeJIeHa II TeJIJIypa yKa3axxble aiieMeHTbi He MCIIIaIOT.
OHpeJ[eJIeHHe CeJIeii a H TeJIJlyp a H0JIOpIt MeTpH-
tl e c x H M M e T 0 JS 0 M no cIIOCO6y C. T. BoaHOBa (1945). 0,5 r HCCJieJSye-
MorO MHHepaJla pa3JlaralOT B 10 MJI a3OTHOYI KIICJIOTbI IIpH HarpesaHHH, 3aTeM
IIpH6aBJIHIOT 10 MJI HZSO4 H IIpogOJISKaIOT HarpeBalie go HOHIBJIeHIIH1 ryCTbIX
HOB SO3. Ho ox iaHCJ{enHH pa36aBJIHIIOT cogepHCHMoe CTaKaHa BOJ{OIi go
o6,beMa 100 MJI, IIpH6aBJIHIOT 10-15 MJI KoHI;eHTpHpoBaHHOIi COJIHHOId HIICJIO-
Tb1 H HarpeBaioT I JIH paCTBOpeHHH COJief. ECJIH HMeeTCH OCaJ(OK, ero OT()HJtb-
TpOBbIBaIOT tlepe3 (HJIbTp (6eJIaa JIeHTa) H IIpoMbIBaIOT BOJSOIi, IIogKIICJIeHHOI3
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
COJIFIHOII RHCJIOTOI3. B HarpeTmrn H0'ITH AO KHneHn5I COJISIHOKIICJILHI paCTBOP
npH6aBJIAIOT HOCTeueHHo 50 %-HbIi3 paCTBOP XJIOpHCTOrO OJIOBa (Aim HaBecKH
0,5 r AOCTaTO'IHO 3-5 MJI XJIOplCTOrO OJIOBa) II 3-5 MJI 20%-Horo pacTBopa
COJIBHOKIIc Toro rHApa3HHa. IIpH MaJIbIX HOJlHiieCTBax cejleHa, Ha iITO yxa3blBa-
eT HaJIH'IHe KpaCHOBaTOH MYTH, paCTBOPY AaIOT OTCTOJITbCB AO CJIeAylonkero AHB.
IIpH 3Ha'IHTeJIbHIIX KOJI 11eCTBaX TeJIJIypa KoaryJiuiu is ocaAKa IIAOT AO-
BOJIbHO 6bICTpO. (PIIJIbTpOBaHHe HPO113BOABT B TOT Me AeHb. OcaAOK oT(rIIJib-
TPOBbIBaIOT 'iepe3 IIJIOTHLIn (JnJIbTp (cHHBB JIenTa). Ecim paCTBOP IIpII ()IIJIb-
TPOBaHHH MyTHbIII, IIpn6aBJIHIOT HeMHOrO 6yMa iHOII MaccLI. OcaAoa Ha c HJib-
Tpe HPOMLIBaIOT pa36aBJleHHOll COJIBHOH KIICJIOTOH (1 : 19); IIpH Ha.IH'IHII
IipHCTaJIJIn-qecKoro ocaAKa 3aRHCHbIX Cohen McAH ero paCTBOp$IOT B ropa'Ieil
pa36aBJIeBHOII COJIBHOR KHCJIOTe (1 : 3) cnaLIaiIa B cTaxaHe, a 3aTeM, B cilyTiae
Hago61JOCTH, Ha (aHJIbTpe, KOTOpbIII nocJie Toro TJJ aTeJIbHO IIpOMbIBaIOT CO-
JIBHOH KHCJIOTOH. PHJIbTp c OCaAKOM IIepeHOCBT B CTaRaH eMKOCTbIO 50-
100 MJi, IIph6aBJIBIOT 10 MJI KOHI]eHTpHpOBaHHOH COJIBHOH KIICJIOTLI H 2-
3 KaniIII KOHI[eHTphpOBaHHOII a30THOII KHCJIOTbI. CTaKaH HaKpbIBaIOT CTeKJIOM,
HarpeBaIOT Ha yMepeHHo imun ien BOABHOII 6ane B Te'IeHIIe HeCKOJIbKHX MH-
HyT, pa3pbIXJTBB (HJIbTp CTeuJIBHHOH naiiomiOn AO pacTBOpeHIIB ocaAxa.
3aTeM coAepSKHMoe CTaKaHa pa36aBJIBIOT 15 MJI BOAbI H OT(I)HJILTpOBbIBaIOT
6yMa1KHyIO Macey, IJ OMbIBaB ee HOCKOJIbRO pa3 BOAOH II co6Hpa1 (HJIbTpaT
B CTaKaH eMKOCTbIO 100-150 MJi.
0 T A e JI e n II e c e JI e H a. K( IIJIbTpaTy, 06beMOM 50-60 MJI, coAep-
1I(anieMy ceiieH II Teuiuiyp, npl6aBJIBIOT 5 ma aMMHaxa, HarpesaiOT paCTBOP
110'ITH AO KIIIIeHHB II IIpH6aBJIBIOT AJIB BLIAeuIeHHB ceuiena 5-8 ma 10 %-Horo
pacTBopa 1OAHCTOrO xauins. Aim KOaryuinI;HH ocaAxa ceJlena paCTBOP narpe-
BaIOT B Te'IeHHe 2-3 'IaCOB Ha BOABHOH 6aHe H OCTaBJIBIOT 3aTeM OTCTOBTbCB
Ha XOJIOAy AO culeAyion[ero AHB. OcaAox ceuleHa OT()IIJIbTpOBbIBaIOT Bepea
(1JlbTp (CIIHBB JIeHTa), (IIJIbTP C oCaAKOM, a Taniie CTaKaH HPOMbIBaIOT
pa36aBJIenHOn COJIBHOII xiCJIOTOII (1 : 19) AO IIOJIHoro yAauIennn HOAa (npo6a
c KpaxMauIOM). HepeHOCBT ( IIJIbTp B TOT we CTaKaH, rAe np0n3BOAHJIOCb oca-
3KAeHIIe Aim noc ejyioiiero paCTBOpeHHB CeJIeHa, c geJIbIO KOJIOpHMeTpIIpO-
BaHHB.
B bI A e JI e H n e T e JI JI y p a. K (HJIbTpaTy nocuie BbIAeuIeHIIB ceiiena
npII6aBJIBIOT xoHIJeHTpHpoBaHHOII COJIBHOII KIICJIOTM Ao 20% coAepH(aHHB
ee no o6'beMy. HarpeB paCTBOP IIOhTII AO KIIHemm, ocaufAaIOT Teiiuiyp 2-3 mil
50 %-Horo pacTBopa XJIOPIICTOrO OJIOBa; Home 3TOro paCTBOP BHOBb narpe-
BaIOT AO xoaryuingini ocaAxa, 'ITO IIpH 6oiiee HJIII Menee 3Ha'IHTeJIBHOM co ep-
aHanHH Teuiulypa HpOHCXOAHT o6bi'IHO B TeileHHe 1-2 'IacOB.
HpH O'IeHb MaJIbIx xoJIHLIeCTBax TeJIJIypa paCTBOP o6B3aTeJlbHO OCTaBJIBIOT
Ha nO Ib HpH KOMHaTnoII TeMnepaType. OcaAOK OT(HJIbTPOBLBaIOT ilepe3
MauIeHbRIII (HJIbTp (CIIHBB JIenTa), IIPOMbIBaIOT ero, a TaJ)Ke H CTaKaH coJIII-
HOII KHCJIOTOII (1 : 19) II IIepeHOCBT (HJIbTP BMeCTe c oCaAKOM B TOT me CTaKaH
AJIB noculeAyIOIIkero pacTBOpenun II ROJIOpHMeTpnpoBaHnf.
KoJIopHMeTpnpoBaHii e. HoulyileHHble oca)AKH ceiiena H TeJl-
Jlypa, HaxoABn;HeCB BMeCTe C ( IIJIbTpaMH B COOTBeTCTBYIOIIIHX CTaxaHax,
06pa6aTbIBaIOT (KaSKAbiH OTAeJIbHO) B AeHb KOJIOPHMOTPIIPOBaHIIB CMOCbIO
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
COJI$IHOYI KHCJIOTbI, pa36aBJIHIOT BOAOH AO o6'beMa 60-70 MJI, HeI1Tpaa113yIOT
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Memodbl xuMuvecxoao afanuaa aunoeerihb&X u eunepeeU1- bIX .wuxepanoe eucMyma 135
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rip ii HepeMeIIIHBaHHH. KorAa ocagon OC$AeT Ha no, it IIpo3pa1HOg ?KHAKOCTH
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ioTTa (.N?- 4), IIpOMbIBaIOT He6OJlbmHMH IIOp111 IMH XOJIOAHOH BOAbI, IIOAKIIC-
.; OHHOII HeCKOJIbKHMH HaIIJIHMH a3OTII0I3 KHCJIOTbl. HpH IIpOMbIBaHHH oAHOH
TOJIbIO BOAO1 ocaAoK xJiopuAa cepe6pa HpOXOAHT ilepe3 ()HJIuTp. OcaAon
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pfilOT up116aBJIeiiiieM K 2-3 MJI IIpOMbIBHbix BOA OAHOII Kamm cOJIHHOIi KxCJIO-
rbi. Hoc ie yAaiieHHH a3OTHOI3 KHCJIOTbI ocaAoK HpoMbiBaloT eu a 1-2 pa3a
He60JIbIIHIM KOJIHLIeCTBOM BOAbi.
THrejib c ocaAKOM cyEaaT IIpH TeMHepaType 130-150? B TelieHHe OAHo-
ro ,iaca. BbicymmHBaHHe IIOBTOpuIOT AO noJIylienuu IIOCTOHHHOrO Beca. Co-
Aep?KaIIJHIICn B MHHepaJle (6HCMOKJIHTe) xJiop He MemaeT oupeAeiieEmio
,ApyrHx KoMHOHeHTOB. OAHOBpeMeHHO BhIHOJIHHIOT IeaaosoateaaiiHoeo vecmopomdenua 179
B 3aKJIIO'IeHHe CJI0;AyOT oTMeTIM, TITO TII aTeJlbI1oe MIIKpocxolHilecKOe
II3yileHIIe 6opHHTOBbIX pyA pa3JI1iIHbIX McCTOpo?KAeHIIII MUOSKeT IIpIIBOCTI1
I; BbIABZeIIIIIO ]4eJIOro pHAa peAKllx MHHepaJIOB, COHyTCTBy10IIIIIX 3TIIDI py;jaM,
11a137IO Kaii II R OTKpbITIIIO HOBbIX -IIIHepaJIbIIbIX BIIAOB. HOCKOJIbIiy IIpOHBJIe-
IIIIe 60pII11TOBO1I MIIHepaJIII3awus COBIIaAa0T, KaK IIpaBIIJIO, C 3aKJIIOH1ITeJIb-
EIbIDnI CTaiIHM1I rH;[p0Tep11IaJIbII0rO npo1[eCCa, eCTOCTBeHIIO oH{I4 aTb B03-
AWo EIIOrO o6oranjeiHla o6pa3YI0MIIXC5I HpII TOM 6op11IITOBbIX py;[ repMa-
iiiieDl. A 3T0 y:KO M05KCT IIpeAcTaBJIHTb 60JIbIII0l IIpaKTHileCHHYi IIHTepec
C TO1IFII 3peiHIII ITOHCI;OB It BbIAeJIeIIIin caMOCTOHTeJIbHbix TIIIIOB repMalnleBbIX
A M lip a c a a H O B A. A. MunepaaloriI ecKai xapaHTepIICTIIIia HOJITIeAaHHbjx McCTO-
I,oxcAeHI1iI YpaJIa It BTOpWIllble IIpol;eCCbI B mix. OHTH, 1937.
li e T e x T H H A. 1'. 0 IIOBOM MIIHepaJle apceHOCyJIbBaH1iTe.- 3anHCKII Bcec. MHHep.
o6-Ba, u. 70, N 2, 1941.
B O JI bI H c H it x H. G. OIIpegeJlemie pygiblx MHHepaJIOB IIOA MHKpOCHOHOM, T. III,
FocreoJiH3AaT, 1949.
a x a p 0 B E. A. II 10 in K o C. A. Rapiiymnncicoe McAHO uIIHKOSOe MecTOpoa enne
na CpegueM Ypaae. 143A-Bo AH CCCP, 1936.
iI B it 11 0 B It. B. 0 reue3uce HoJInegaHHoro MecTOpo%AeRHH Ha CeBepHOM HaBlfa3e.
:3anHCKu Bcec. MIIHep. o6-Ba, H. 82, BbIII. 2, 1953.
lioJrlegaHHbie McCTOpOHIX, rorAa
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HaH60abmee KoJIIIlIecTBOBKJIIOLIeHIII3. HepeAiw Ha6JI1ogaIOTCx Hpo?KHJIKII C()a-
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6.II113KHM HO BpeMeHH OTJIOMeHHH c[)aJIeplTa.
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HaAeHTbCH, HTO HpH CHeIuHaJIbHOM H3yileHIIH B HIIX MOT 6bITb HaRAeHLI
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V a e s I. F. La renierite (anciennement appelee KeHHSI
OnHCbIBaeMoro BO3paCTa COXpaHHJIHCb B HeKOTOpbIX 3pO3HOHHO-TeKTOHHTIe-
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xaHCKOII aHTHKJIHHaJIH.
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o6Ha}CeHHH Ha (5-10 M) uOKOJIe H3 KOpeHHbIX HH)KHenaJleo30I-1CKHX n-ecga-
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JIeT4HIIKOM MOLUHOCTbIO OKOJIO 5 M. 06JIOMOT-IHbIIi MaTepHaJi CpaBHHTeJIbHO XO
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H3 nopOJ1 TpannOBoH (JopMauHH: JIHa6a3bl, ra66pO-J[Ha6a3bl, aoJiepHTb1, 6a-
3aJlbTbI (jzo 65-75%). Pa3JIH14Hble nec4aHHKH, JIOJIOMHTbI, aprHJIJIHTbI, aJIeB-
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xopoLuell OKaTaHHOCTbIO, COpTHpOBaHHOCTbIO H He6oJIbiuHM aHaMeTpoM ra-
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 -300
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J,q
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BepxnNA npoc)Hnb-no LaHHBM.6ypeH149 H ecrecTBeHHuM o6HIMMeHx51M. CocraewA C. A..ApxH-
noe, 1958 r.; HHHIHHA npohH,b-no reo(PxanveCKHM aBBHWM JI, A. npOaoaHMKOBa (1953).
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17,50
?nor
?Hr. 2. CxeMatn4eclcne reoaorggecxxe npo4nai Baoab cpeAHero H nnicnero re4eaHA pex Eaorys, KoMea a aep-
xoabeB P. arbennxx COCTaBxa C. A. Apxnnos, 1958 r.
BepxHHd npOdHAb-4eTaepTH4Htlx OTAOMeHHA; HHHCHHA npo4)HAb-Me3o3oACKoaaAeosoACKHx nopon (no AanuGM A. 4). 4epKAIaHHa, 1955)1-raauu; f-ra1
Ibi MONTHS, HAbI; 3-nopecAaHUHIe rAHa x cyrAHHHo8; 4-cyrAHHKH; 5-necoK; 6-nepecAaHaIHHe necKOB H rJHH; 7-rane4HaH9; a-uaylao?rue4,
IHNQ$O-rpsBn9ab1e .MAlo4eHHe; 9-H3aecTH*K1 H AoAoHHTbi; 10-aecgaaHKH; 11-tpannbl; 12-KHCAble xsaepxceHHbte nopoAY; 13-CAeAM Me3O$OaCMX topoa;
14-crpaT1trpa$ii eCKHe rpa1Hau; 15-AHTOAOrH4eCKHe rpaHIHU; 16-npeAnouraelb4 AnswaKTllfWe Iapyweala,
f94?a10
.~ 1 ~ 1 I I I
W0,311t i i ' QIQ~x
i i Aar
500
250
0
250
LLLL 400
300
250
200
150
100
50
r
60
100
15P
1200
250
300
350
400
450
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Ba}KHO OTMeTHTb npHypOLIeHHOCTb OfHCb]BaeMbix nOPOJ K 3P03HOHHbIM
JLLenpeccHAM-ApeBHHM peLIHbIM aOJIHHaM H, HaKOHeu, pa3HOo6pa3HbIfl neT-
porpa(pHUecxH%i COCTBB rajiex. B 3aBaJIbHOM Apy OH oTpaxcaeT BJIHAHHe
EHHcei]CKOrO KpA}Ka, B FOJIOM Apy-CpeaHe-CH6HpcKoro nJIOCKoropbs. B
npe,aeJiax jpeBHero eHHce]ICKoro KaHbOHa, cyAA no aaHHbIM 6ypOBhIX CKBa-
)KHH, O6JIOMOLIHbIIt MaTepHaJi 3THX Z ByX nHTaIOLUHX nPOBHHLjH]3 cmenIHBaeT-
CA, HHTerplipyeTCA.
Ln
$Hr. 3. CEeMaTHVecKHA reoAorHgeCKHli np041Hnb 4epe3 AOEHHy p. H. TyHrycKH
B paHone Foaoro slpa. COCTaBHH A. C. ApxHHOB
I-cyrJIHHOK; 2-cynecb; 3-necoK; 4-ra,Ie4HHK H pblXJlble KonrnoMepaTN; 5-BaJ1yHHo.rpaBH]IH0-
raJ1e4HHKOBble BKJU04eHHH; 6-AoaoMHTU; 7-neC4aHHKH; 8-Tpannbl H npoAyKTbI HX pa3pyweHH9.
Bce 3T0, BMeCTe B3HTOe, He oCTaBJIAeT COMHeHHA B aJIJIIOBHaJIbHOM reHe-
3Hce oHHcaHHbIX 06pa3OBaHHI3 H r03BOJIAeT pacCMaTpHBaTb Hx npeArnoJIOxcH-
TeObHO iKaK OCaL KH rlpaeHliceI H ero npHTOKOB.
Hcxoj.A H3 o6ii ix reo.norHiiecKHx coo6pa3KeHHK, B. H. CaKe (1953) cqH-
TaeT, LITO OCHOBHble COBpeMeHHble peKH CH6HpH 3aJIO)KHJIHCb H TeKJIH C Lora
Ha cesep yxce B KOHIZe nJIHoueHa. OH jjOnyCKaeT, LITO ajpeBHefume aoJIeJIHH-
KOBble aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-o3epHb]e OCaI.LKH MOI'VT LIBCTHLIHO OTHOCHTbCA K nJIHO-
IjeHy.
B CMe}KHbIX paioHax 3anaJLHOH CH6HpH M. Fl. HaropCKH13 B 1950 r. TaK-
)Ke BbljjeJIAeT oca,I[KH (no erO 3aKJIIo eHHIO) .
rleCKll H raJIeLIHHKH, 3aJlera}oujje B COBepuleHHO OAHHaKOBbix reoJlorH-
geCKHX yCJIOBHAX (B norpe6eHHbIX JlenpeccHAX), JIHTOJIOrHLIeCKH CXOAHbIg C
BbILueOnHCaHHbIMH, 06HapyxceHbl B 6accecHax per rlypa n TbIMa C. B. Mau-
KHM B 1956; C. U. AJIbTepOM, (D. I. AJIAB.LWHbIM H apyrHMH B 1955 r.
3THM, Co6CTBeHHO rOBOp5, H OrpaHHLIHBa}oTCH HaIIIH 3HaHHH o JLpeBHex-
LHHX LIeTBepTHLIHbIX OTJIO}KeHHAX (3onJieFICTOLjeHe).
TeM He McHee rpy6blI3 nectIaHo-raJIegIHHKOBbII3 COMB OTJIO}KeHHII H npH-
ypoLleHHOCTb HX K rJIy6OKHM 3P03HOHHbIM JjenpeCCHAM B npeaeJiax 3anaAito-
CH6HpCKOH HH3MeHHOCTH, a B nOHCe rOpHoro o6paMJIeHHH HH3MeHHOCTH -
pe3KaA CMeHa YCJIOBHII ce,TWMeHTaUHH, KpynHble pa3MbIBbI, HHTeHCHBHble
pa3pblBHb]e TeKTOHHgeCKHe .2 BH}KeHHA, npHXO,IjHLLLHeCA Ha KOHeu IJIHOLjeHOBOA
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
3110X11 - 3orIJIei,cTOueH (HaropcKHH, 1950; MH3epoB, 1953; Jlyxrepcray3eH,
1955; U] yKHHa, 1958; Jlyxrepcray3eH H PaKOBeu, 1957 H RP.) -Bce 3TO BMeCTe
B35ITOe CBH,I[eTeJIbCTByeT, BO3MO)KHO, o ueJIOH 3noxe 3HepFHtIHOH TeKTOHHtie-
CKOH aKTHBHOCTH, C KOTOpOH H CJIeAyeT, ot1eBHAHO, CBH3bIBaTb HatlaJlo aH-
TponoreHOBoro nepHoaa.
HJIERCTOEI EHOBbIR 0TAEJI - Q2
IIJIeicTOueHOBa5 3noxa noupa3ReJISIeTC51, cor.nacllo npeAJ1o}KeHH5]
B. H. FpOMOBa (1955), Ha TPH 5lpyca: HH}KHHH, CpeAHHH H BepXHHH.
HH)KHHR HEPACgJIEHEHHbIR APYC I1J1ERCTOII,EHA - Q'2
OTJIo}KeHMH HH}KHenJIeHCTouexosoro Bo3pacTa (KCpeuHHH natIxa> TJIHHH-
CTO-CyrJIHHHCTbIX nopo. RocaMaPOB,CKOrO KOMnJIeKca) HMeIOT npHMepH-O oJ1M-
HaKOBoe nJ1oIUaAHoe paCBpOCTpaHeHHe H yCJIOBH5 3aJleraHH51 C noJ cTHJIa1own-
MM 30nJIeiCTOUeHOBbIMM nopoaaMH. OHM BbIHOJIHHIOT npHeHHCeHCKHH KaHboH-
rpa6eH H BCTpetlaloTC5I B 3pO3HOHHO-TeKTOHHtieCKHX AenpeccHHx no 3anaA-
HOH oKpaHHe CpeAHe-Cn6HpCKOro nJIOCKOFOpb51. COBMeCTHOe, KaK npaBHJIO,
3aiieraHHe 3THX pa3HOBO3paCTHbIX nopOA o6JlertiaeT, npH o6nLe1 CKyAHOCTH
(~aKTHtIeCKHX gaHHbIX, HX CTpaTHrpaCJHpoBaHHe, TaK KaK OTJIO)KeHHH HH}K-
Hero sipyca n.neHcTOuena oTJIHtialOTCH OT 3onjleiCTOUeHa pe3KO HHbIM JIHTO-
JIOrO-reneTHgeCKHM CocTaBoM.
B IZpHenHceHCKOH tIaCTH 3anaAHO-CH6HpCKOH HH3-
M e H H 0 C T H, B norpe6eHHoM eHHCecCKOM KaHboxe-rpa6ene, paccMaTpHBae-
Mble OCaAKH AOCTHraIOT MOn1HOCTH 60-85 M H 3ajieraiOT Ha OTM-eT~Kax MHHyC
230-180 M (p. TypyxaH) H MHHyc 220-120 M (p. EJioryi). B HH}KHeH CBOeH
tiaCTH OHM CJIO}KeHbI TeMHO-CepbIMH C 3eJIeHOBaTbIM OTTeHKOM TOHKOOTMytIeH-
HbIMH rOpH3oHTaJIbHOCJIOHCTbIMH CyrJIHHHCTbIMH ooaJ1KaMH C H3B-eCTKOBbIMH
KOHKpeuH5iMH (CKB. 9 Ha TypyxaHe, HHTepBaJI 254,0-276,5 m). BBepx no
pa3pe3y OCaAKH HeCKOJIbKO rpy6elOT, BOSIBJIHIOTCH BO BCe yBeJIMtIHBB1OHLeMCH
KOJIHtieCTBe 1IpOCJIOH neCKa, a TOHKHH CyrJIHHHCTbIH MlaTepHaJI 3aMeluaeTCH
CyJJIHHKaMH H CyneCHMH. IZOMHMO 3TOrO, HatIHHaeT BCTpetiaTbCH 6ecnopH-
JIOtIHO paCCeHHHbIH McJIKHH 06JIOMOtlHbIH MaTepHaJI (CKB. 9, HHTepBaJlbl
246,5-202,10 M), KOTOpbIH B pHAe cJlytlaeB KOHUeHTPHpyeTCH K onpeueJleH-
HbIM MaJIOMOIIIHbIM npoCJIOHM. TaK, B CKB. 9 B HHTepBaJle 246,5-242 M BCKpbI-
BaeTCH rJIHHia 6ypOBaTO-}KeJITaH, CH.nbHO nectiaHaH, C raJIbKOH H rpaBHeM
TpannOB H necHaHHKOB. AHaJIorHtIHble TIpOCJIOH, BHeIBHe HanoMMHalOM1.Me MO-
peHy, BCTpetlalOTCH H B 3aBaJIbHOM Hpy.
B o6JIaCTH 11pHeHHCeHCKKOTI npeAropHOH paBHHHbI
H no 3anaJIHOH oKpaHHe CpeJIHe-CH6HpcKoro rIJIOCKO-
r 0 p b H OTJIO}KeHMH HH}KHenJIeHCTOueHOBOro B03pac'Ba H3ytiexbl eme AajIeKo
He qOCTaTOtIHO. CTpaTHrpa4JHtIeCKH OHM o6-beAHHHK)T, nO-BMJIHMOMy, He TOJIb-
KO HH}KHH,e, HO OTtiaCTH H cpeAHeruIeHCToueHOBble OTJIO}KeHHH, OTHocslnWecH
K TypyXaHCKOMY POpH30HTy. OAHaKO Ha COBpeMeHHOM ypOBHe HauIHX 3HaHHH
noApa3AeJIeHHe MX He npeACTaBJIHeTCH B03MO}KHbIM. OBHCbIBaeMble OTJIO-
}KeHHH 3aJleralOT B rJIy6OKMX 3P03HOHHbIX, OtieHb ttaCTO TeKTOHH'IeCKHX 06y-
CJIOBJIeHHbIX aenpeccHHX H 'npHKpbITbI cBepXy TOJIIueH :BaJIyHHbIX CyIJIHHKOB
MaKCHMaJIbHOrO oJICAeHeHMH. B reHeTHtieCKOM OTHOIH HHH OHM OTHOCHTCH
K aJIJHOBHaJIbHbIM, aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-o3epHbIM M, BepOHTHO, JIaryHHbIM o6pa3o-
BaHHHM.
B npe,eJnax flpHeHHcefCKOI npe,aropHoH paBHHHbI HaH60JIbIUHM pacnpo-
CTpanenneM BOJlb3yfOTCH neCtlaxo-raJletIHHKOBble, BepoHTHO, a Ji JI 10 B H-
a JI b H bI e 0 T JI O }K e H H H, npHypOtleHHble K aOJIHHaM peK HM}KHeH M CyxoH
TyxrycOK, K 3pO3HOHHO-TeKTOHHtIeCKHM JIO}K6HHaM MexcAy Ky3CTaMH B 46ac-
ceHHe MnpoeAHXH H T. A.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B jROJIHHe p. HHxcHei TyHryCKH K HHM OTHOCHTCH 15-16-McTpOBaH TOJILUa
OTJIO}KeHHH, 3aKJIIOtleHHaH Me]Kay 3OnJIeIkTOUeHOBbIMH (?) KOHrJIoMepaTaMH
H MOpeHOH MaKCHMaJIbHOrO OJlejjeHeHHH B O6Ha}KeHHH Fojioro sipa Ha OTMeT-
Kax 40-55 (56) M (cM. (4Hr. 3). HH}KHSISI, 8-10-MeTpOBasi nallKa 3THX OT-
JIO}KeHHI1 npejjcTaBJIeHa HepeCJiaHBaIOIUHMHCSi Me}Kjjy co5o rpaBHI1HHKaMH
H McJIKOraJIe'IHHKaMH c npeo6J1aaaHHeM cpejjH o6JIOMOtIHOrO MaTepxaiia xo-
POLHO OKaTaHHbIX (II-III KJIaccbI) gbpaxunli (1-2 cm H 2-2,5 cM). Fa ib-
Ka H rpaBHH COCTOSIT H3 TpannoB, Ty#B, Tyq)oreHHbIX neC'IaHHKOB, aprHJI-
JIHTOB, aJIeBpOJIHTOB, necxiaHHKOB, pee jROJIOMHTOB H ejLIIHHLIHbIX xaJlLjejjo-
HOB, KBaPUHTOB H KBapua H T. jj., HecoMHeHHO, McCTHOrO fPOHCXO}KjjeHHH.
OCa,aKH o6Jlajja}OT KOCOH H jjHarOHaJIbHOH CJIOHCTOCTbIO, HOCJIOHHOH aH(pCpe-
peHunauHeH KJIaCTHLIeCKOI'O MaTepHaJla, coj(ep}KaT JIHH3bI neCKa H pe}Ke cy-
neceH. PoJIb nocJIeJLHHX nOCTeneHHO yseJIHLIHBaeTCn BBepx rio pa3pe3y.
Bepxnsisl 5-7-McTposasl natlKa y}Ke Haue.no c.no)Kena necLlanbIM H cynecua-
HhIM CJIOHCTbIM MaTepHaJIOM, HO BCe xce elue jROBOJIbHO HH3KO OTCOpTHpoB2H-
HbIM, Ha LITO yKa3blBaeT npHBOjjHMbIH B Ta6JI. I HX MexaHHLIeCKHH COCTaB.
Ta6aHua I
MexannvecKHN cocrae annIOBHaJIbHblx OTno2KeHHI1
HH)KHero nne%cTogeHa H3 pa3pe3a ronoro sipa
17,42
27,12
46,08
5,48
3,90
33,25
28,75
35,12
1,88
1,00
72,28
23,16
4,56
B MHHepaJIOrHLIeCKOM OTHOLHeHHH (Ta6JI. 2, 3) OHH OTJIHLIaIOTCSI BbICOKHM
Co,L ep}KaHHeM HHpOKCeHOB (a o 28%) H, LITO (oCO6eHH0 JIIO60HbITHO, MOHT-
MOPHJIJIOHHTa (jjo 20%) H 6eHjje.IJIHTa (jjo 30%). BepOHTHO, 3T0 yKa3bIBaeT,
Ilapsijjy c yMeHbLHeHHeM rpy6ocTH OCaAKOB, Ha 3HaLIHTeJIbHyIO CMeHY yCJIO-
BHH OCaaKOHaKOHJIeHHH OT 6ypxorO peLiHoro noTOKa K 6oaee CnOKOHHOMy
H aa>Ke, MO}KeT 6bITb, Hojjnpy}KeHHOMY BojjOeMy.
B ROJIHHe P. Cyxof TyHryCKH CHHXPOHHble OTJIO}KeHHSI BCKpbIBaIOTCR
nojj Ma-KdHi ia.Ib10A MOpeHOH B 5-6 KM H'H}Ke 'yCTbsi P. ,b5IBOJIbCKOH H, nO-
B'Hjj'HMOM'y, B 3,5,-4,0 'KM BbIme BoJIbuloro IIapora, rjje OHH n'peaCTaBJIeHbI
a JIJIIOBHaJIbHbIMH neCKaMH H raJIeLIHHKaMH.
Flo gOJIHHaM peK TaTaPKH, BiaKJIaHHXH, SIMUi HKOBCKOil H n0 HX HeKO-
TOPbIM rIpHTOKaM, HO-BHAHMOMY, CHHXPOHHble OCaJ KH, fOJ CTHJIaIOLUHe mope-
Hy MaKCHMaJIbHOI'O oJle, eHeHHSI, npejjCTaBJIeHbI neCKaMH C JIHH3aMH H npO-
CJIOSIMH HJIOBaTbIX CyrJIHHKOB H paCTHTeJIbHbIM jjeTpHTOM. B 1955 r.
A. 17. CTenaHOBbIM H3 3THX OCaaKOB (P. RMHLHKOBCKasI) 6bIJIa yKa3aHa (6e3
npoueHTHOrO cocTaBa) nblJlbua rpeBeCHbIX nopo,i Picea sp., Pinus silves-
tris, Pinus sibirica (jjo 48%), Alnus sp. BMeCTe C TeM OTMeLIaeTCSi KyCTapHH-
KOBaH 6epe3a, HBa, a TaK}Ke MHOrOLIHCJIeHHble TpiaBSiH'I'PCTbie: Ericaiceae,
Gramineae, Chenopodiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Compositae, Artemisia H cno-
phI Sphagnum, Lycopodium sp., L. appressium, Polypodiaceae H T. 11.
Flo Mepe ajBH>KeHHSI B rJly6b Cpej.[He-CH6HpCKoro nJIOCKOropbsl CHHXPOH-
Hble a JIJIIOBHaJIbHble OTJIO}KeHHH BCKpbIBaIOTCA B RROJIHHax peK Ha Bce 6o.nee
BbICOKHX OTMeTKax. THnHLIHbIH pa3pe3 6bIJI OHHCaH B 1955 r. A. II. CTenaHo-
BbIM B 6acceiHe p. caTbsIHHXH (P. YroJlbxasi). 3jjeCb, Ha a6COJI1OTHbIX OT-
McTKaX 90-200 M HOa TOJILuek BaJIyHHbIX CyrJIHHKOB 06Ha}KaIOTCSI:
Ida 3THX oCajjKOB A. U. CTenaHOBbIM yKa3blBaeTCH (6e3 npoueHTHOTO
COAep?{aHHSI) nbIJlbUa jjpeBeCHbIX: Picea sp., Pinus sp., Pinus sibirica,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
1. llecKH MenK03epHHCTbie C Ca)KHCTbMMH BKIlIO-
9eHHHMH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,5
2. rpaBHllnbie neCKH C JIHH3aMH McnK03el)HHCT0-
ro necKa H CyneCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,5
3. 1'ln rony6oBaT0-cepblf . . . . . . . . . . . 0,3
4. rlepeAOBaHHe HnHCTOrO H rpanHHHoro necKa . 1,7
5. L1epeaoBaHHe HnHCTOrO H MenKO3epHL WTOro
necKa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,3
6. IIecKH cepbie Menx03epHHCTbie . . . . . . . 3,0
HeljpeBeCHbIX: Betula (KycTapHHKosasl), Ericaceae, Gramineae, Carex,
Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Artemisia ii cnopbl: Bryales, Sphagnum, Ly-
copodium sp., L. alpinum, Polypodiaceae.
Foabin Hp, npaBbif 6eper p. HHAHefi
TyHryCKH, 10 KM HH>Ke yCTbH p. CesepnoH
Fonbiii sip, npaBbiH 6eper p. HHNCHeH
TyHryCKH, 10 KM HH1Ke yCTbH p. CesepnoH
FonbiH sip, npaabif 6eper p. HH i rie %
TyHryCKH, 10 KM HinKe yCTbH p. CeBepnoH
1-0,1
0,1--0,01
Ke BbIHBJIHeT HX BnOJIHe COH3Me-
pHMbie MOIIjHOCTH.
3araAOLIHbIM OCTaeTCSI reHe3HC 3aKJIIOtieHHbIX B rJIHHHCTOI3 HH)KHenJIef3?
CTOIjeHOBoi TOJILIje npocJIoeB, 060raLueHHbIX O6JIOMOLIHbIM MaTepHaJIOM. OHII
TO H npHHHMaI0TCH nocjieAHee BpeMSI 3a apeBHIOIO MOpeHy. B. H. CaKC
(1953) TaK)Ke aonyCKaeT cyujeCTBOBaHHe ApeBHero oJIeaeneHHx. Ho ero
MHeHHI0, , cojiep}KaT 6opeaJIbH0-JIy3IITaHCKYIO (popMy Cardium edule L. (p. Slpa,
FwaHCKHII rI0JI'y0ICT,p0B) H 6o'p'eaJlbHbie BHAbI: Littorina saxatilis 01.,
Lacuna pallidula Da-Costa (cesepxbII3 Tai3MbIp) H Cyrtodaria jenisseae
Sacks (p. UJyp, p. TaxaMa). DTOT BeCbMa Ten.IbIII MOpCKOII 6accel3H 6bIJI,
no-BHJjHMOMy, yHaCJIea0BaH OT 6OJIee apeBHero, oTHOC51lueroc l ggaCTH'IHO K
niiHoueHOBOMy BpeMeHH (OCaAKH C BbiMepLuel (jOpMOII Nucula Ha HOBOH
3eMJIe, CHHXpOHHble > B. H. CaKca,
1953). Ho y?Ke > MOpCKHe oTJIo Ke-
Hn5I COBeTCKOII ApKTHKH XapaKTepH3yloTCSI BbICOKOapKTHTIeCKOH (payHON
Portlandia lenticula M611. H, CJIe)LOBaTeJIbHO, yKa3bIBaIOT Ha ROCTaTOTIHO pe3-
Koe yxyxueHHe KJIHMaTa.
MaTepHaJlbl no (payee MJleKOUHTaIOHjHX, H3y'ieHHble a. A. BaxrexrefIM
(1957) JZJI5I 3HaTIHTeJIbHOIi TIaCTH BOCTOLIHOI3 Cn6HpH, BbISIBJISIIOT HeCKOJIbKO
3Ta'IOB B ee pa3BHTHH, CBSi'3a~HHbIX C H'3MeHeHH51MH c H3IPKo-reorpa4JHLIeCIKH'X
yCJIOBHIi. B TiaCTHOCTH, (payHa HH}KHeH nOJIOBHHbI LIeTBepTHTIHOrO nepHojia
HMeeT B COCTaBe IO)KHOa3HaTCKHe 3JIeMeHTbI, cpeAH KOTOpbIX OTMe'Ia1OTCH
TenJIoJIIo6HBble BHJLbI: Elephas wiisti M. Pawl., Rhinoceros mercki Jager,
Equus off. siissenbornensis Wiisti H JLp. (PaBCKHII H Ap., 1956; AJieKce-
eB, 1957). CeMeHHble (JJIOpbI H. A. HHKHTHHa (1940) AJPA ueHTpaJIbHbIX IIa-
CTeIi 3anaaHOK CH6HpH TaK>Ke yKa3bIBa}OT Ha yMepeHHO-X0JIOAHbIII KJIHMBT
Ha BCeM npOT5I>KeHHH HH}KHer0 allTponoreHa AOcaMapOBCKorO BpeMeHH.
B 1950 r. M. 1-1. HaropcKHYI, o6o6WaH MHOroJIeTHHe pa60TbI no LIeTBep-
THTIHbIM OTJIo)KeHHHM ueHTpaJIbHOII LIaCTH 3anaAH0-CH6HpCK0I3 HH3MeHHOCTII
H pa3BHBa5I npeACTaBJIeHHH H. A. HHKHTHHa, paccMaTpHBaeT HH?KHeT-IeTBep-
THTIHbIii nepHOA Ka'K 3noXy, HenOCpeACTB'eHHO npeaiueCTBOBaauiyio MaKCH-
MaJIbHOMy oJIeJLeHeHHIO. Ho ero MHeHHIO, H3yIeHHbie CeMeHHble (pJIOpbI He
AaIOT npaBa IOBOpHTb 0 3Ha'IHTeJIbHbIX KJIHMBTHTIeCKHX nepeMeHaX B ILOJIeA-
HHKOBOe BpeM5l.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
,L'jOCTaTOgIHO XOPOHIO corJIaCy}oTCSI, KaK HaM Ka>KeTCH, C npHBeAeHHbIMn
JjaHHbIMH H pe3yJlbTaTbI CnOpOBO-nblJIbgeBbIX aHaJIH3OB aocaMapOBCKHx
OTJIO>KeHHii H3 pa3pe3a CaM6yprCKOIi CKBa>KHHbI.
KaK H3BeCTHO, reojiorn CeJIbMOIi 3KCneAHIuHH BCEFEl4 (B 1955 r.) noq-
pa3AeJIHJIH AOCaMaPOBCKHe LIeTBepTHTIHble OTJIo>KeHHSI 3TOII CKBa>KHHbI Ha
TPII rOpH3oHTa. jBa HH>KHHX-AOJIeJIHHKOBbIti H YCJIOBHO JIeJIHHKOBbIti-
BXOASIT B COCTaB Hw>KHel-IeTBepTHgHOro OTjie:ia, a TpeTHR-OTHOCHTCH K nep-
BOMy cpeAHeMy Me>KJIeJIHHKOBbIO. CnOpOBO-nbIJlbljeBble cneKTpbl JjojieJjHH-
KOBbIX OTJIO}KeHHI nOKa3bIBaIOT cynjeCTBOBaHHe B 3TO BpeMSI Ha ceBepe 3a-
naj(Hoi'i CH6HpH TeMHOXBOAHOIi TatirH. 1lpeanoJIO>KHTeJIbHO HH>KHe'ieTBepTH'I-
Hble JIeJjHHKOBble OCa)IKH OTJIH'iaIOTC51 3Ha'IHTeJIbHbIM 06eJIHeHHeM apeBeCHOti
paCTnTeJIbHOCTH H HC'Ie3HOBeHHCM TpaB, T-ITO yKa3bIBaeT Ha onpejeJleHHoe
yXyJIHIeHHe KJIHMaTa. OcaAKH nepaoro cpeAHero Me>KJIeJjHHKOBbn, Ka3aJIOCb
6bI, AOJI>KHbI 6bIJIH BHOBb coJjep>KaTb 6oJlee > H 6oraTblli KOMnJIeKC
JjpeBeCHOl1 (pJIopbI. B jjeACTBHTeJIbIIOCTH xce CnOpOBO-nbIJlbueBbie aHaJIH3bI
yCTaHaBJIHBalOT HOJIHOe OTCyTCTBHe j[peBecHoi nbIJIbUbI H JIHHlb eAHHH'IHble
CIIOpbI 3eJIeHbIX MXOB, cgJarHyMa H nanOpOTHHKOB. 1-10 MHeHHIO C. H. AJIb-
Tepa, (D. A. AJISIBJIHHa H ApyrHX, BbICKa3aHHOMy B 1956 r., .
TaKHM o6pa3oM, aocaMapOBCKHA nepnoa allTponorena JuJISI CeBepa 3a-
najjHOti CH6HpH CKOpee XapaKTepH3yeTCH nOCTeneHHbIM HC'-Te3HOBeHHeM jiec-
HOIi pacTuTeJIbHOCTH, 'IeM pe3KHMH ziepeAIOBaH1H5IMH TerIJIbIX ;II XOJIQUHbIX
nepHOJioB.
BMeCTe c TeM, O'CTaBaHCb Ha 'n0,3HUHH Hay'IHOti o6-beKTH!BHOCTH, HeJIb3H
He y'IHTbIBaTb, '3TO MaaomoMHble MopeHonoao6Hble HPOCJIOH BCTpe'IeHbi
B CaM6yprCKOIi, HbIJIHHCKOli, Typyxancxoti If, no-BH)IHMOMy, EJIOryS1CIKHx
CKBa>KHHax. MOryT JIH OHH 6bITb CBHAeTeJIHMH JIpeBHero OJieJjeHeHHH H eCJIH
MOryT, 6bIJIO JIH OHO caMOCTOHTeJIbHbIM HJIH JIHInb CTaJIHeli MaKCHMaJlbHOro-
3a HeJIOCTaTOLIHOCTbIO (paKTH'-IeCKOro MaTepHaJIa OCTaeTCSI HeHCHbIM. B Ha-
CTO5IHjHIi MOMeHT nPHXOJIHTCH C'IHTaTbC51 C onpeAeJieHHbIMH JjaHHbIMH o6 OJie-
JjeHeHHH B HH)KHe'IeTBepTH'IHOe BpeMSI IO>KHOI'O rOpHOro o6paMJieHHSI 3anaA-
HOK CH6HpH (lliyKHHa, 1953, 1958) H, 6bITb Mo>KeT, ceBepHOIi OKpaHHbi EHH-
ceIiCKOrO Kp1i>Ka (Mo.iqaaoB, 1926; MH3epoB, 1954). KpoMe 3TOro, B HO-
cJle,uHee BpeMSI fO5IBHJIHCb pa6OTbI (FpHIyK, 1957; HaHOBa, 1957), B KOTO-
PbIX JjOKa3bIBaIOTC2 pe3KHe KOJie6aHHsI KJIHMaTa B nepIOA aoMaKCHMaJlbHO-
ro OJIeaeHeHHH, 06OCHOBbIBaeTC51 apeBllee OJIeAeHeHne H BbIJjeJIHeTCH Me>K-
JIe,aHHKOBbe Me>KJjy HHMH.
Bce 3TO 3aCTaBJIHeT C 60JIbWOFI OCTOpO>KHOCTbio IIOJlOIITH K OKOH'iaTeJIb-
HOMy penleHHIO nOaHHTOr0 '3pe3Bbl'IaiiH0 Ba>KHOrO Hay'IHOFO BOnpOca. OCTaB-
JI5ISI 3a co60Ii npaBO nepecmOTpeTb ero B 6yJjyHjeM H C IjeJIb}O H36e>KaTb ilo-
Ka euje HeAOCTaTO'IHO o60CHOBaHHbIX CIIOPHbIX BbIBOJIOB, MbI C'IHTaeM BOn-
poc 0 ApeBHeM OJIe,eHeHIIH OTKpbITbIM.
B TO >Ke BpeMSi BO3HHKHOBeHHe yfOMSIHyTbIX MOpeHOHOA06HbIX OcaJIKOB,
HeCOMHeHH0, 'CBII3aHO C onpeAeJieHHbIMH (pH3HKO-reOrpa(pn'IeCKHMH H3MeHe-
HHHMH. 9TO aaeT OCHOBaHHe JIJI5i pacgJieHeHHH gocaMapOBCKOrO KOMfJIeKCa
H, KaK 3TO 6bIJIo cAeJiaHO BbIIHe, BbIJjeJIeHHl HH)KHero fJieIiCToUeHa H npeA-
HOJIO>KHTeJIbHO 3OnJIefiCTOueHa, rpaHHIjbI Me>KAy,KOTOpbIMH yCJIOBHbl.
CpeJT,HHN ApyC nalelicTOgeHa - Q2
OTJIOKeHnII cpeAHero ipyca nalelicTOIjeHa npeJICTaBJIeHbI B rJIaBHOIi
CBOeI1 Macce KOMHJIeKCOM JIeAHHKOBbIX o6pa30Baanf (OCHOBHble MopeHbl,
(pJIIOBHOrJI5IuHaJlbHbie H 03ePHo-JIeaHHKOBbie OCaJIKH), rJIHIjHaJIbHO-MOpCKHMH
(BOJIHbIMH) H, B McHbuJei3 CTeneHH, aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbIMH H aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-O3ep-
HbIMH OTJIO}KeHHIIMH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
FJIHIUHaJIbHbIH KOMnJIeKC fOJIb3yeTC5l HaH6oJlee IIHpOKHM, nOBCeMeCTHbIM
nJIoIuaJ HbIM pacnpOCTpaHeHHeM. BMeCTe C TeM B ero CTpOeHHH yCTaHaBJIH-
BaIOTCH BHOJIHe OnpeueJIeHHble 3aKOHOMepHble H3MeHeHH5I npH nepexoue OT
nJIOCKOI'Opb5I K HH3MeHHOCTH. B o6JIaCTH nocJ]eAHeH JIe11HHKOBble OTJIO}Ke-
HHSI aOCTaTO4HO OT4eTJIHBO no,apa3J eJIxuOTCSI Ha 1LBa CflMOCTOATeJIbHbIX FO-
pH3oHTa.
IIpH 3TOM BepXHHH H3 HHX B npeue.nax EHHcefIcxoi aenpeccHH HMeeT
rJISIUHaJIbHO-MOPCKOe (BOAHoe) npoHcxo}KJLeHHe. Ho Mepe npH6JIn KeHHSI K
njlOCKOropblo, a TeM 6oJlee B rJly6b nocaeJ HeIO, BepxHHH rJIHuHaJIbHO-MOp-
CKOH (BOAHbIH) FOPH30HT CHalaJIa (pauHaJIbHO 3aMenjaeTCSI THnHLIHO cy6a-
3paJIbHOId MopeHoiI, a 3aTeM CJIHBaeTCH C HH)KHHM JIeJ1HHKOBbIM FOPH3OHTOM
B eaHHyIO TOJIlljy.
O,IjHOBpeMeHHO B TOM ace HanpaBJIeHHH O6eJIHHeTCH H COCTaB rJIS]uHaJlb-
HOPO KOMHJIeKCa. HC4e3alOT rJIHuHaJIbHO-MOpcKHe (BO1ZHb]e) H rJIHLjHaJTbxo-
03epHble OTJIO}KeHHH, H nOJIy'IaIOT IICKJIK)4HTeJIbHoe pa3BHTHe MOpeHHble
H (?JIIOBHOrJISIuHaJIbHble Oca,ILKH.
OTJIO)KeHHH aJIJIIOBHaJIbHOro H aJIJIIOBHaJlbHO-03epHOro (npH6pe}KHO-Mop-
CKOrO?) PLJja Ha onHCbIBaeMOH TeppHTOpHH HMeIOT y3KO JIOKaJlbHOe pa3BH-
THe, yCTaHaBJIHBaIOTCSI TOJIbKO B 06JIaCTH EHHCeI1CKON JjenpeccHH.
CpeuHen.IeiCTogeHOBbIH 5]pyc JuuISI Hp HeHHceiCKOrO
paiOHa 3anaaHo-CH6HpCKoi HH3MeHHOCTH nOljpa31jeJIHeTCSI
Ha 4eTbIpe ropH30HTla: TypyxaHCKIIH, caMapOB'CKHH, MQCCCOBCKO-CaM6ypFCKIIH
II Ta30BCKO-caHtiyrOBCKHH.
TypyxaHCKHH rOpH3OHT-Q22tf H3BeCTeH rJIaBHbIM o6pa30M HO 6ypOBblM
CKBa}KHHaM, npOHJjeHHbIM B UeHTpaJlbHbIX 4acT5lx EHHCeiICKO1 genpeccHn.,
Y\ HeMy OTHCCeHbI nectlaHble OCaJIKH KBepXHeH nia4KH> AocaMapOBCKOrO KOM-
nJleKca.
Ha p. TypyxaiHe B CKBa}KHHe 9 01IDHCb1BaeMble ocIa.r KH BOKpbIBaIOTCH
B HHTepBaJle 171,40-152,80 (150?) M HH}Ke ype3a peKH, Ha OTMeTKaX MHHYC
180 -MHHyC 150 M. HpeaCTaBJIeHbI OHH 18-20-McTposoi TOJIIueH neCKOB
cepbIX McJIKOTOHKO3epHHCTbIX, CynjeCTBeHHO KBapueBbIX CO 3Ha4HTeJIbHOH
IIpHMeCbIO TeMHOUBeTHbIX MHHepaJIOB H 6JIeCTKaMH CJIK)Jjbl. OTJIO}KeHHSI, npe-
KpaCHO OTCOpTHpOBaHHble C TOH4aFLHeH rOpH3oHTaJIbHOH CJIOHCTOCTbIO
(cM. (pHr. 1).
B yCTb-eJIOryHCKHX CKBa)KHHaX 1, 2, 3 H 5 CHHXpOHHble fOPOAbI aOCTH-
raIOT MOLUHOCTH 45-50 M H BCKpbIBaIoTC5I Ha OTMeTKax npHMepHO MHHYC
120- MHHyC 70 M. OHH IIpeaCTaBJIeHbI neCKaMH C npoCJI05]MH raJIe4HHKOB
H rJIHH.
B OCHOBaHHH EaXTHHCKOrO Apa OHHCaHHble OCaJLKH HMe1OT BHJIHMY}O MOIlI-
HOCTb OKOJIO 10 M H npeJ CTaBJIeHbI nepecJlaHBa]oLueHCSI TOJILueH ynJIOTHeH-
HbIX neCKOB H PbIXJIb]X KOHrJIOMepaTOB, 3aMeLUaIOLUI4XCH B rOpH3oHTaJIbHOtv1
HanpaBJIeHHH raJIe4HHKaMH. IIeCKH cepOBaTO-}KeJITble, CyLUeCTBeHHO KBap-
ueBb]e, McJIK03epHHCTble CO 3Ha'IHTeJIbHOH npHMeCb}O TeMHOUBeTHbIX MHHe-
paJlOB. B TslxceJiou (ppaKUHH npeo6JIaJ alOT nHPOKCeHbI (R O 90%) H MarHe-
THT (Jjo 5%). BCTpe'aIOTCSI poroBaSI o6MaHKa, ueoJIHTbI, rpaxaT, c(peH
H T. Jj. J1eFKa5t 4)PaKUHH COCTOHT H3 KBapua (40-50%), no.Ilesbix LnnaTOs
(30-40%) H o6JIOMKOB HOPOa.
HeCKH o6JIaljaK)T TOHKOH, HO OT4eTJIHBOH JjHarOHaJlbHOH H BOJIHHCTO-H30-
rHyTOH CJIOHCTOCTbIO. B neCKaX 6bIJIH o6Hapy}KeHbI OKaTaHHble O6JIOMKH
Saxicava arctica L. H Balanus sp. indet.
FaJIe4HHKH H pblXJlble KOHrJIOMepaTbl o6JIaJ aIOT p}Kaso-6ypou OKpaCKOH
3a C4eT HHTeHCHBHOro o)KeJIe3HeHH5i. OHH 3aileraiOT B BHJje nOJj4HHeHHbIX
JIHH3OBHJjHbIX npocJIOeB H JIHH3 MOHjHOCTbIO JJ,O 30-50 CM B TOJILue neCKa.
Hopoljbl coaep}KaT BbICOKHH npOuelIT neC4aHbIX H nbIJIeBaTbIX 4aCTHU, Bbl-
nOJIII5IK)IuHX POJIb IjeMeHTa HJIH BMeu1aIOLue1 nopoabl. fpaHyJIOMeTpH4eCKHll
COCTaB raJIe4HHKOB npHBOJLHTCSI B Ta6JI. 4 (B %).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
FaJIbxa pa3MepoM 6OJiee 25 MM BCTpeilaeTCSI OtleHb peJyxo. XapaxTepHo
OTCyTCTBI4e BaJIyHOB.
Ta6AHua 4
1-paHyJIOMeTpH4eCKHN COCTBB (B ?/o) raJIe9HHKOB TypyXaH'CKOro
rOpH30HTa B 06Ha}KeHMH BaXTHHCKOrO Bpa HO KJIacca.M
6,6 I 15,0 I 18,3 I 1,8
HeTporpa()HLIecKHH cocTaB KJIacTHtleCKoro MaTepaaria B KJiacce +25-
10 MM noKa3blBaeT 3HaggMTeJIbHoe coaep?KaHHe McTaMOp()H3OBaHHbIX If
KOHTaKTOBO-H3MeHeHHbIX fOpOA. fIOCJIeAHHe BMeCTe c pa3JIHLIHbIMn nectia-
HMKaMH H KBapueM COCTaBJI1IOT 6ojiee ABYX TpeTeI3 OT BCeII MaCCbI 3TOro
KJIaCCa. H3Bep}KeHHble nOPOAbI (AMa6a3bl) COCTaBJIAK)T Bcero OKOJIO 12%
H HBXOJj5ITCSI B SIBHO nOAgHHeHHOM KOJIHqeCTBe.
JIIO6onbITHO OTMeTHTb BCTpeLIeHHble cpeju rajieK tleTblpe OKaTaHHbIX o6-
JIOMKa CBeTJIO-ceporo aOJIOMHTa C OTnetlaTKaMH ry60K THna Favosites H
SEriatopora. OHH MOrJIH fOnaCTb B OMHCbIBaeMble ra7legHHKH CKOpee Bcero
H3 CHJIypHHCKHX nOpo,u, pa3BHTbIX nO 3anaAHOI4 OKpa1He CpeAHe-CH6HpCKO-
1`0 nJIOCKOropMI.
TaKHM o6pa3OM, OfMCbIBaeMble nopoju i q)OpMHpOBaJIHCb 3a cgeT CHoca
KaK CO CpeAHe-CH6HpCKoro nJIOCKoropbsI, TaK H EHHCeI4CKOFO KpA}Ka, a TaK-
}Ke 3a CtleT pa3MbIBa nOj[CTHJIaiommx n0POA.
Ha 3TO yKa3blBaeT H cpaBHHTeJIbHaSI CTeneHb OKaTaHHOCTH o6JIOMOgHOrO
MaTepna.aa.
FajIbKa, nouseprulaaca HeCOMHeHHOMy AJIHTeJIbHOMy nepeHOCy, npaxe-
CeHHa5I CO CTOPOHbI EHHCecICKOFO Kp5}Ka, OKaTaHa B o6LUeM Jiytlme, tleM no-
pOAbI TpannOBOI4 cJOpMauHH,
B reHeTmiecKOM OTHOU]eHHH OTJIO}KeHHSI TypyxaHCKOro rOpH3OHTa SIB-
.JIHIOTCA, BepoaTHO, HeOAHOpOAHbIMH. CeBepHee BaXTHHCKoro Apa OHM MO-
ryT HMeTb npi46pe)KHO-MOpCKOe npoHCXO}KJUeHHe (06JIOMKH MOpCKO11 (JayHhl
B OCHOBaHMI BaXTHHCKOrO Apa). IOxcHee H HenocpeACTBeHHO B paI30He YCTbHI
p. BaXTbI 3T1H OCa,uKu, IIIO-B'M,uHMOM'y, SiBJISIIOTCSI apeBHHM eHHCeiiCKHM aJi-
JIIOBHeM, Ha tITO yKa3blBaeT HX COCTaB M CTpyKTypHO-TeKCTypHble oco6eH-
HOCTH.
OCaAKH TypyXaHCKOI'O FOPH3OHTa (n0 CKB. 9, BaXTHHCKOMy Apy H T. A.)
coj ep}KaT HHtTO}KHOe KOJIHtieCTBO MHKpO(JJIOpHCTH JeCKHX OCTaTKOB (rJIaB-
HbIM 06pa3OM TpaBHHHCTbIX H CMOpOBbIX pacTeHHI3). B 3TOM OTHOHIeHHH Ha-
6JnoAaeTCH nOJIHaa aHaJlorHSi C CHHXpOHHbIMH OTJIO}KeHHaMH CaM6yprCKoi'i
CKBa}KHHbi (CM. BbIMIe). B03M0}KHO, 3T0 CBMAeTeJIbCTByeT 0 CypOBbIX KJIH-
MaTHWCKIIX yCJIOBH51X, B KOTOpbIX OHM (~OpMHpOBaJIHCb. COAep)KaHMe cpeAli
HMX 3HatIHTeJIbHorO KOJIHtleCTBa rpy6oro o6JiOMOtIHorO MaTepiaJla, BbIHeceH-
HOrO CO CTOf OHbI CpeAHe-CH6HpCKOro nJIOCKoropbA, 6bITb MO}KeT, yKa3bl-
BaeT Ha TO, tITO B ropax B 3T0 BpeMSi y?Ke pa3BHBaJIHCb JIeJJHHKOBbie rIOKpO-
BbI MaKCHMaJIbHOro OJieJIeHeHHA.
CaMapOBCKHFi rOPH30HT - Q22s' o6J1aaaeT MaKCHMaJIbHbIM pa3BHTHeM no
CpaBHeHHJO C OCTaJIbHbIMH FOPH3OHTaMH cpeAHetleTBejpTHIHoro apyca.
BMeCT? C TeM Ha 60JIbIuel3 IaCTH TeppHTOp14H EHHCeF4CKOr4 aenpeccHH
OCa,aKH ero Onyu[eHbl HI4}Ke yPOBHA peK. B eCTeCTBeHHbIX 06Ha}KeHHAX OHH
nOHBJIAIOTCH TOJIbKO no nepn(pepHH AenpeccHH, a TaK}Ke MIHPOKO pacnpocT-
paHeHbl B o6JIaCTM JIo6OBOro MaTepHKa H EHHcei3-EJioryi-J!y6tleCKoro
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Me}KAype{bH. IIo 3anaAHbIM oTporaM Cpe.He-CH6HpcKoro nJIOCKOrOpb5 H fi
npe,aeJiax npearopHOH paBHHHbI caMapoBCKHfI FOPH30HT CJIHBaeTCA C Ta3oB-
CKHM B e)HHbIi3 rJJ5IUHaJIbHbIfi KOMnJIeKC.
FeHeTHLIeCKH OTJIO}KeHHA caMapOBcKoro rOpH3OHTa npeJCTaBJIeHbI B nO-
JaBJIAKJIIje13 CBoeI Macce MOpeHHbIMH H B McHbmme1 CTeneHH 4JJI}OBHOrJIH-
JLHaJIbHbIMH H 03epHO-JIeAHHKOBbIMH 06pa3OBaHH5IMH.
FJIAuHaJIbHble OTJIo}KeHH51-g1O2211 npeRCTaBJIeHbI OCHOBHON
MopeHOI%I caMoro o61lHpHoro nOKpOBHOI'O o.IeIjeHeHHH 3anaRH013 CH6HpH, H3-
BeCTHOI'O fOA Ha3BaHHeM caMapoBCKoro. 3Ta MopeHa fOJlb3yeTCA npaKTH4e-
CKH nOBceMeCTHbIM paCnPOCTPaHeHHeM B npeaeJiaX HCCJIeAOBaHHOH I1pHeHH-
ce1%ICKOI3 LIaCTH 3anaAHO-CH6HpCKOI3 HH3MeHHOCTH. OHa ytiaCTByeT B CTpOe-
HHH B03BbIIneHHOrO Ke.i.Ior-TCy.nbIeCKoro BaJIa H J106OBoro MaTepHKa,
q)OpMHp'yH -Ha 'HX 'naBepXHOCTH C a'6COJIIOTHbIMH OTMeTKaMH 160-250 M XOJI-
MHCTO-3anaAHHHbI13 JIeJ[HHKOBbI1%I peJlbecp. B 06JIaCTH EHHCeI3CKOFI RenpecdHH
H 0006eHHO ee BOCTOLIHOfl, HaH60Jiee nOrpy)KeHHOI3 gIaCTH, caMapOBCKai Mo-
peHa onyiueHa aO OTMeTOK MHHyC 80-120 M.
OTMeLIeHHble pe3KHe lKOJIe6aBHA rHnCOMeTpHileCKOno 3aJIeraHHA MOpeHbI,
OmeBH,rHO, MO)KHO o6-bMCHHTb JIHHIb noCJIeayIOnUHMH RHclxxepeHI]:HPOBaHHbIMH
TeKTOHmeCKHMH RBH)KeHHAMH. B HOJIb3Y 3TOro rOBOPHT MaJIO H3MeHAlOIIZaA-
C51 MOWHOCTb rJIAUHaJIbHbIX OTJIO}KeHHI3 CaMapOBCKOI'O BpeMeHH KaK B Ae-
npeccHH, TaK H Ha BbICOKHX BOAOpa3AeJIax. B cpeRHeM oHa AocTHraeT 25-
35 M, HO McCTaMH Bo3paCTaeT Ro 40-45 M.
CaMapoBcxaM Mopexa npeRCTasJIena CyrJIHHKaMH H cynec5MH 6ypoaaTO-
cepblx TOHOB, B 3HaLIHTeJIbHOI-I CTeneHH cyneCiaHbIX, c 6OJIbHIHM KOJIHLIeCT-
BOM 6ecnop5ROqHO pa36poCaHHbIx raJleK, rpaBHA H OTReJIbHbIX BaJIyHOB.
I1opor a o6JIa,gaeT BecbMa XapaKTepHOI3 LL e6HeBaTO-OpeXOBaTOIH OTAeJIb-
HOCTbIO.
O6HLHI3 rpaHyJIOMeTpHtIeCKHH COCTaB CaMapOBCKOI3 MOpeHbI npHBORHTCSI
B Ta6JI. 5, H3 KOTOP09 BHAHO, LITO McXaHHUeCKH13 COCTaB MOpeHbI ABJIAeTCA
MecToHaxo- -
ReHne
BaXTHHCKHB
Hp . . . . . . .
PeKa BepXHHFS
1'IM6aK, 15-16 KM
BbIHle yCTb$I . . .
PeKa KoMCa,
10 KM BbIHle yCTbH
PeKa PaTbSIHH-
xa, 5 KM BbIIHe
yCTbfl p. Be3bI-
McHHOM . . . . .
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ROBOJIbHO Bblgep}KaHHbIM. BMeCTe C 'TeM inopORa cyul,eCTBeHHO InbIJIeBaTO-
rJIHHHCTaA (48-60%), B pa3HOI3 CTeneHH nec'IaxaM (3,5-10%) H MaJIOBa-
JIyHHCTaA (0,8-1,5%). O6JIOMO'IHbIH MaTepHaji npeACTaBJIeH B OCHOBHOM
raJIbKOI3 (25-30%) CO 311a' IITeJIbHbIM COAep}KaHHeM rpaBHA (Ao 7,5%).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
OCHOBHOIi neaHTOBO-nectlaHblli MaTepHaJI MOpeHbI H3ytIaJIC5l B ni iu pax
noA MHKpOCKOHOM. CornaCHO OnHCaHHSIM A. H. BpHUK0 H MaKCHMOBOIi,
nopoj a o6JIaJiaeT fCaMMHTOJIHTOBOH HJIH lCe(JHTOHCaMMHTOJIHTOBOIi CTpyK-
TyPOli H MaCCHBHOIi TeKCTypOIi. O6JIOMOtlHbIli MaTepHaJI HJIOXO OKaTaHHbII3,
VrJIOBaTbIIi H COBepLUeHHO HeCOPTHpOBaHHbIIi. Pa3Mep 06JIOMKOB KOJIe6JIeTCH
B 60JIbIUIHX npegeJiax OT 0,05 Jio 1,0 MM H B OTJieJIbHbIX cJiytlaix ao 2 MM.
KJIaCTntieCKHI3 MaTePHaJI COCTOHT Ha 30-40% H3 06JIOMKOB KaK TeppnreH-
HbIX, TaK H BYJIKaHOreHHbIX fOpOa n Ha 60-70% H3 06JIOMKOB MHHepaJIOB.
Cpejui ByJIKaHOreHHbIX 06JIOMKOB nOpOJL OTMetIaIOTCH tlaLue Bcero 6a3aJIbTbl
H ,E oJIepHTbI, a cpeJiH TeppHreHHbIX-KBapUHTOBHJLHble, KpeMHHCTble H Kap-
60HaTHble fopoJibl.
O6JIOMKH MHHepaJIOB COCTOSIT H3 npeo6Jlar aioiuero KBapua H nHpOKCe-
Ha, a TaK}Ke 6oAlee peaxaro nooiesorO LunaTa. I'13 aKuecCO;pHbIX MHHopaJIOB
fPHCYTCTBYIOT pyijHble, poroBa5i o6MaHKa, 3HH)TOT, rpaHaT, KaJIbLHT. B BH-
Je eaI4HHtIHbIX 3epeH BCTpetIaioTCx ueOJIHTbI H cq)eH. MHHepaJlbHble 3epHa
B ueJIOM nJIOXO OKaTaHHble, a fJIarHOKJIa3 H fHPOKCeHbI tiaCTH'gHO HJIH nOJI-
HOCTbIO COXpaH511OT HpH3MaTH'IeCKHe OlepTaHHSI. Bce 3TH 06JIOMKH CBo60JaHO
norpyxceHbl B 6a3aJIbHbIH ueMeHT, npe,L CTaBJIeHHbIIi 6ypblM neJIHTOMOpq)-
HbIM MaTepHaJIOM, paCKpHCTaJIJIH3oBaHHbIM B arperaT tieuiyeK CepHuHTa,
XJIOpHTa, MHHepa is rpynnbl Ka0JIHHHTa H McJlbtla1IIIHX 3ePHbILHeK aOJIO-
MHTa.
MexaHHtIeCKHe H HMMepCHOHHble aHaJIH3bI nOATBep)KJIaIOT npHBeJLeHHYIO
xapaiKTicpIHcTHIKy, HeCKOJIbKO aOHOJIHHH ee. TaiK, MexaHH4IeCKHe aHaJLH3bI BbI-
HBJIAIOT HCKJIK)4HTeJIbHy!O pa3HOpOAHOCTb oca,LKa (Ta6JI. 6).
McCTOHaXON(-
J{eiiHe
BaXTHHCKHk1
Hp . . . . . .
1,25
0,75
1,75
8,40
20,20
28,35
39,30
Tam ;Ke
0,50
36,83
6,15
15,80
25,0
7,09
8,63
2,15
3,25
20,35
46,0
12,0
16,25
p. BepXHHf1
IlM6aK, 10 KM
Bb11He yCTbsI
p. Cap9Hxa,
45 KM BblLUe
yCTbH . . . .
MnttieipaJrormeCKHIi COCTaB CaMaipOBCKOIi MOpeHbl H3 5aXTH1HCKoro Hpa
(Ta6JT. 7), no jaHigbIM H. I'. 3aHKHH0Ii, XapaKTepH3iyeTCSI npHCyTCTBHeM B TH-
?KeJIoH 4JpaKUHH 60-67% nnipoxcexoB. 5-16% pyAHbIx, 2-3% PorOBoli
06MaHKH H CJIeaaMH 3rIHJLOTa, TypMaJIHHa, c(l)eHa, rpaHaTa H T. , . B TierKOR
(ppaKL[HH npeO6JlaJiaeT KBapu, XOTH COJ[ep}KaHHe ero HCnbITbIBaeT pe3KHe KO-
.JIe6aHHSI. HOKa3aTeJIbHO OtieHb BbICOKOe COJiep){aHHe o6JIOMKOB 1O;poa, JZO-
CTHraloLuxx 93%.
O6JiOMOtIHbII3 MaTepHaJI-raJlbKa, rpaBHli H BaJIyHbI-p a3HOOKaTaHHbti,
c npeo6JlaliaHHeM I-II KJlaCCOB.
CTeneHb OKaTaHHOCTH HeCKOJIbKO Bo3piaCTaeT C H3'M-eJlbtIeHHeM MaTepHaJla
H B TO )Ke BpeMH o6Hapy}KHBaeT onpeae.ieaayio 3aBHCHMOCTb OT COCTaBa
nopoJ bl. TaK, TpannOBaA ra.nbKa, KaK npaBHJIO, JIytlLue OKaTaHa H OTLnJIH(JO-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Barra (B Macce II, !pe}Ke III KJlacc), zleM neCgaHHKOBaH (I H II KJIaocbl).
Ha Hefi tiaul,e BCTpe4IaioTCSI JIeAHH'KOBble ua'patnHHbI 'H ulpaMbI. c'gpMa raJIeK,
oC06eHH0 TpannosbIx, HMeeT HeonpeaeJleHHble oxpyrJlbie oLIepTaHHA. Y 1JIH-
HeHHble H yTloroo6pa3Hble raJIbKH H BaJlyHbl BCTpeiia}oTCH peAKO.
i
8%eaae
McCTOHaxO>KAeHHe
Knacc, MM
?FZ
S
*
v
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a
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z
uv
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r
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5
u
S
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f
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5 M
x
O S
C
o S
o Y m
p,
o
baXTHHCKHN xp
0,i5 -0,1
2,0
0,5
5,5
5,0
65,0
2,0
0,5
Tam xce . . . . . . .
0,1-0,05
2,0
-
16,0
1,0
64,0
3,0
-
. . . . . .
0,1-0,05
2,0
0,1
8,0
6,0
60,0
2,0
0,3
J1eBbIfi 6eper p. HHw-
HeFI CapvHXH 23 KM Bbl-
iue yCTbA . . . . . . .
0,25-0,1
6,0
-
11,0
2,0
67,0
3,0
-
Tam xce . . . . . . .
0,1-0,01
4,5
-
14,0
3,0
59,0
1,5
-
fleTporpa(4HcIecKHI3 COCTaB o6JIOMOLIHOrO MaTepHaJia BecbMa pa3HOo6pa3-
HbI1I, npwieM 3TO pa3HO06pa3He Bo3paCTaeT OT 6oJiee KpynHOro K 6oJiee
McJIKOMy KJIIaccy. BaJIyHbI (KJIaccbI 100, 2100 MM IH BbIUIe) npeACTaBJIeHbI
rJIBBHbIM o6pa3OM TpannaMH C He60JIbUIHM KOJIHLIeCTBOM neCLIaHHKOB. Cpe-
j'IH raJleK BOHBJIAK)TCH Ty(ibI, KpeMHH, KBapuHTbI, AOJIOMHTbl H KBapu
(Ta6JI. 8).
11 HBe,aeHHble AaHHbie noxa3bIBaIOT a6coJIIOTHOe npeo6JiaAaHHe Tpan-
nOBbIX noipOA cpeAH 06JIOM01IHOro MaTep'HaJIa caMapoBCKOI3 MopeHbl. 000THO-
IleTporpac4HVecKHN COCTBB raabKH H BaJI HOB caMapOBCKOii
. . . . . . . . . .
BaXTHHCKHf1 sip
BepXHHI1 HM6aK, 15-16 KM Bblllle
yCTbA . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KoMca, 10 KM BbiLue yCTbA . . . .
t'aTbsHHXa, 5 KM BbIllle yCTbA py'lbs
Be3blMAHHOrO . . . . . . . . . .
91,3
87,55
8,7
12,45
69,35
70,10
25,65
20,80
5,00
9,10
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
weHrle Hx c pa3JIHLIHbIMH neCLIaHHKaMH npHMepHO 2 : 1. raJlbKa OCTaJIbHbIX
nOpOA BCTpeLIaeTCSI BecbMa pej[KO.
TaKHM o6pa30M, MHHepaJIoro-neTporpa(1HLIeCKHT3 COCTMB CaMapOBCKOfI
MopeIHbI CBH)jeTeJIbCTByeT o ee (jOpMHIpOBaHH-H 3a c'IeT OHOCa Co CpeAHe-
1,0
EAH-
HH4-
Hbie
3HaKH
0,5
EAH-
HHY-
Hble
3HaKH
EAH-
HH4-
Hue
3HaKH
E AH-
HHLI-
Hue
3HHKH
EAH-
HHtI-
Hue
3HaKH
EAH-
HH4-
Hue
0,1
EAH-
HH4
H ble
0,3
EAH-
HH9-
Hbie
EAH-
HHY-
Hbie
3HaKH
3HaKH
1,0
3HaKH
3HaKH
10,0
71,0
2,0
27,0
1,0
15,0
21,0
5,0
69,0
CH6Hp'cKOro nJIOCKOropbH. HeKOTOlpoe KOJIHLIeCTBO IOpeMIHHCTO-KBalpuesbIx ra-
JIeK (He 6o.nee 3-5%) MOrJIO 6bITb 3aXBageHO JIeAHHKOM KaK H3 Me3030I3-
CKHX HOpoji, OTjjeJlbHble fOJISI KOTOpbIX COXpaHHJIHCb H JLO HaUIHX aHef no
OKpaHHe HJIOCKOrOpbsl, TaK H H3 TOJIIuH naJleO3oIiCKHX OTJIO}KeHHI3 H Tpan-
nOBbIX HHTpy3HII.
B CeBepHOI3 LIaCTH nccJIej1OBaHHOrO paI3oHa, B 6acceiHe p. Typyxaila
(CKB. 2, 3, 4, 6, 1, 11 H AP.) B iH.U30Bb5lX Ip. EHHCex (B ipal3OHe ayjABHOK
H KOMMyHapKH, no j[aHHbIM HOpHJIbCKHX reoJIOrOB, H B 6aCCe kHaX peK
u
u
sa
3 x
20
e-
F X C
00
100 0
O 0
x
Fx
xa
xx
xet
f?c
CCC 0.
?axx
35,18
9,52
7,14
29,10
4,22
4,19
2,5
0,5
52,30
30,70
7,35
9,65
40,25
31,15
5,60
3,00
1,55
8,15
6,30
4,00
49,80
30,10
5,15
14,5
38,10
31,25
4,45
4,20
1,50
10,35
8,55
1,60
32,40
6,95
30,35
4,95
3,05
2,20
4 C. A. Apxnnos 49
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
XeTbI, Aranbi, no Ha6JIIOJLeHHSIM B. H. COKOJIOBa, H. H. KyJinKoBa,
C. A. Tponul(oro) caMapoBCKaSI Mopena o-IeHb LIaCTO CHJIbHO nepeMbiTa H
npeBpaiueHa BraJIeTIHHKH, KOHrJloMepaTbI H JLa}Ke necKH C OTaeJIbxbIMH Ba-
JIyHaMH. MOIILHOCTb ee, eCTeCTBeHHO, COKpanlaeTCSi AO 10-15 M H McCTaMH,
o'IeBHJLHO Ha B03BbII1IeHHbIX ygaCTKax JLOJIeaLHHKOBOrO peJlbe(pa, nOJIHOCTbIO
yHH'4T0%eHa. CHJIbHbIII pa3MbIB MOpeHHbIX OTJIO}KeHHI'I CB5I3aH, nO-BHJJHMO-
My, c o61UHpHOI3 noCJIecaMapOBCKOi3 TpaHCrpeCCHefi noJisipHoro MOp5I H BPSIJL
JIH o6-b5ICHHM HCKJIIOLIHTeJIbHO 3P03Hef3 peK.
O 3 e p" H o- JI e JL'H H K O IB bI e O T JI O }K e':H H II- lol Q2211 CoXpaHHJIHCb
peJLKO H TOJIbKO B K)}KHOI1 HOJIOBHHe paI30Ha. THHH'qHbI13 pa3pe3, HX MOIuHO-
CTbIO JLo 3,5 M, BCKpbIBaeTCSI B BaXTHHCKOM Sipy. OHH 3aJieraiOT 3AeCb He-
HOCPeJLCTBOHHO ua caMapOBCKOH MOpeJHe H CJIO}KeHbI JIeHTOTIHbIMH; rJIHH!aMH.
Ilepexo,q rJISIuHaJIbHbIX OTJIO}KeHH11 B 03epHO-JIeJLHHKOBble HaCTOJIbKO TIOCTe-
neHHbIfl, LITO inOJLO1lB'a IIIOCJIeJ[HHX HesICHasI, a ,B IHX 'HH}KIIrHX CJIOSIX BCTpetialOT-
CSI rpaBHI1 H McJIKas raJlbxa. Oca1LKH npeRCTaBJISIIOT co6o i qepeayionuieca
JieHTbI }KHpHOI-I TIePHOR, OTIeHb HJIOTHOI-I MHKpOCJIOHCTOI3 rJIHHbI Hi nbIJIeBaT013
cepoBaTO-6ypoH cynecl, npexpacno OTCOpTHpOBaHHO13 H OTMyTIeHHOI3. l'pa-
HHILb1 InpocnoeB tieTKHe, 'peaKHe, POdpH30HTaJIbHble. CHIM3y B'BePX no pal3'pe3y
MonLHOCTb TIePHbIX JIeHT COKpaluaeTCSI c 5-10 ao 1-2 MM, a CPeeipOBaTo-6y-
pblX COOTBeTCTBeHHO yBeJIHLIHBaeTCSI OT 3-5 ao 15-30 MM. B pe3yJlbTaTe
nopoJLa nOCTeneHHO TepsieT JIeHTOLIHyIO TeKCTypy H ones IaHHBaeTCSI. O6H1ee
KOJrHrqeCTBIO JIeHT ,I ocTHraeT 570-580. McXaHHTIe0KHY1 CocTa'B 1IaqKH BeCbMa pa3HOPOJLeH H 0006eHHO rpy6 B ee HIDKHer3 LiacrH, T-ITO
HarJ15IJLHO nOKa3aHO B Ta6JI. 9.
Ta6JIHUa 9
McXaHH4eCKHN COCTaB JIeHTOYHbIX rJIHH caMapOBCKOro rOpH3OHTa
npHMepHaI rny6H-
Ha, B351THe o6pa3ua
OT HOAOUBbI, M
3,2
3,0
2,5
1,5
0,5
1,0-0,50 MM I
0,50-0,25 MM I
0.25-0,1 MM
0,34
0,35
45,80
53,51
3,18
5,15
1,12
56,65
31,90
0,25
2,30
62,15
35,30
92,30
5,64
2,06
4,36
94,42
0,36
0,86
B MHHepa.TiorHLIeCKOM OTHOIHeHHH JIeHTOLIHble rJIHHbI He OT.HI-i 1OTCSI (T
CaMapOBCKOII MopeHbl. FJIHHHCTble MHHepaJlbl TaK}Ke npeACTaBJIeHbI r14J1pO-
c.7no,aaMH, a B TSI}KCJIOH (ppaxuHH KJIacca 1-0,1 MM npeo6JlaaaloT riHpOK-
CeHbI (72-83%), pyaHble (7-21%), poroaasl o6MaHKa (3,5-4,5%0), rpaHaT
(0,5-1,5%), BCTpe'IaIOTCSI 3epna C44ena, 3HHJ1OTa H T. JL.
JIieHTO1IHble rJIHHbI BaXTHH~C'Koro SIpa, no JLaHHb1'M E. B. KO'peHeBO13, HMeIOT
CnOpOBO-nbIJIbueBble CneKTpbI TYHJLPOBOFO THna c npeo6JIaILaHHeM Beta!a
nana H TpaB.
MecCOBCKO-caM6ypFCKHfI FOpH3OHT-Q2 2m+sb HMee'T BHOJIIHe onIpeJleJleH-
Hoe, y3KO-JIOKaJIbHoe pacnpOCTpaHeHHe, no-BHJIHMOMy, npHypo4eH K Kpyri-
HbIM 3pO3HOHHO-TeKTOHHgeCKIIM JLenpeCCHSIM. jBOfiHoe Ha3BaHHe onpaB-
JLbIBaeTCSI TeM, 'ITO OCaJLKH 3TOr0 ropH30HTa npeJICTaBJIeHbI He TOJIbKO aJI-
JIIOBHaJIbHbIMH (CaKC, 1938, 19511,2, 1953 H T. A.), HO H MOpCKHMH (pauHHMH
yCTaHOBJIeHHbIMH C. B. L IaUKHM B CaM6yprCKOI-I CKBa}KHHe, a TaKxKe
C. A. TpOHIKHM (B 1955 r.) H HOPHJIbCKHM reo Toro A. B. Ky.nHKOBbIM
(B 1952 r.) B HH30Bbsx EHHCeSI H 6accel3He p. Aranbl.
A JI JI IO B H a JI b H bI e O T JI o }K e H H SI-al Q22m+sb nOJIb3ylOTC5 npeH-
Myl4eCTBeHHbIM paCnPOCTpaHeHHeM B 1o)KHO13 nOJIOBHHe HccJIeJOBaHHOII Tep-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
PHTOPHH H no nepH4JepHH EHHCeACKO13 JjenpeccuH, rjje o6Ha}Ka1oTC51 B Bax-
THHCKOM, AJIHHCKOM, KaHrOTOBCKOM, MaPKOBCKOM Apax, no pexaM cD aTbx-
nnxe, BaXTe, KoMCe H T. jj. MonuHOCTb HX H3MeHHeTCH OT 10 Jjo 20 M. R
IjeHTPaJIbHbIX LIaCTAX EHHce13CKO13 aenpeccmi CHHXpOHHa1 (30-40 M) TOJIina,
OCa,aKOB BCKpbITa B VCTb-eJIory13CKHX CKBa}KHHax. K ceBepy MOIIAHOCTb ocaji-
KOB noCTeneHHO B03paCTaeT ao 50-60 M H npOHCXOJIHT, no-BHJjHMOMy, ()a-
IiHaJIbHbII'I nepexoji aJIJI1OBHH K MOPCKHM OTJIO}KeHHSIM (CKB. 9, 6, 11, 8, 5
it up. no p. TypyxaHy).
AJijiIOBHaJIbHble OCaaKH npegCTaBJIeHbI npeHMyHieCTBeHHO XOpOH1O OT-
COpTHpOBaHHbIMH H BeCbMa OJiHOPOJLHbIMH cepOBaTO-}KeJITbIMH neCKaMH.
(Ta6J1. 10).
MexaHHgeCKHI% coctaB aJIJIIOBHanbHblx ocaJ KOB
McCCOBCKO-caM6yprCKoro ropH30HTa
1 MM I 1-0,1 MM I 0,1-0,01 MM 0.01 M M
BaXTHHCKHH Hp .
97,74
1,32
0,94
Tam :Ke . . . .
98,78
0,60
0,62
98,94
0,46
0,60
97,81
0,89
1,30
98,38
0,90
0,72
0,8
95,60
1,00
1,60
0,1
96,50
1 ,0
2,40
0,1
96,75
0,6
2,55
0,15
83,20
7,65
9,00
82,60
8,25
9,15
MapKOBCKHII Hp
89,94
8,36
1,70
TaM x(e , . . .
96,46
2,58
0,96
93,36
5,68
0,98
focJIeJJHHe uMelOT KBapueBO-noJIeBOuJnaTOBbIM COCTaB C 6OJIee pa3HO-
o6pa3HON MHHepaJIorHTIeCKOII aCCOLHaunelt no cpaBHeHH1o C noJ[cTnJIa1OIue)%I
CaMaIPOBCKOII MapenoFi. YBeJIHgHBaeTCSI co,r e'pxcaHHe noJIeBbIX (H CpeaH HHX
KaJIHeBbIX) IllnaTOB H 3f11JjOTa, HeCKOJIbKO 6OJIbwe pOFOBOI3 06MaHKn, OTMe-?
LIa1OTCA 3epHa anaTHTa, pyTHJIa, TpeMOJIHTa, 1,HCTeHa H CJIIOJibI (6HOTHTa H
MyCKOBHTa), He BCTpetIaBIHHXCH B CaMapOBCKOII MOpeHe (CM. Ta6Ji. 37 H 40).
OnHCbIBaeMble a JIJIIOBHaJIbHb1C ocaJjKH 06JIaJia1OT pa3Hoo5pa3H013 KOCOII
H BOJIHHCTO-rOpH3OHTaJIbHOf CJIOHCTOCTbIO. KOCOCJIOHCTbie naLIKH aOCTHraIOT
MOMHOCT14 1,5-3,0 M H ABHO npeo6JIaJia}oT HaJ rOpH30HTaJIbHbIMH npOCJI(:F-
Mn. Mow,nocTb cJioeB 3-5 MM, IlpaHHubI IAX LIeTKIIe, pe3KHe, npHMoJIHHeIi-
Hbie. C.TIOnCTOCTb 06ycJIOBJieHa rpaHyJIOMeTpHLIeCKnMH pa3JIHLIH5IMH (npo-
CJIOiIKH TOHKO-, McJIKO- H pa3HO3epHHCToro neCKa, HJIOBaTbIX CyFJIHHKOB
H T. A.), loJIocgaTbIM 0}KeJIe3HeHHeM H npHCyTCTBHeM paCTHTe.nbHOro MyCOpa
HJIH HaMbIBHOIO TOp(pa.
OnncaHHble neCKH OTHOC$ITCH K pyCJIOB,0I3 (JaUHH aJIJIIOBnH. BMeCTe C TeM
B pAjie nyHKTOB (AJIHHCKHI3, KaHrOTOBCKHI3, BIaXTHHCKHI3 5IpbI H T. JL) 3Ha-
'I1ITeJIbHbIM pacnpOCTpaHeHHeM HOJJb3y1OTC51 CyrJIHHKH H rJIHHbI, 5IBJI5IK)niHe-
CH, no-BHJLHMOMy, OCaJ[KaMH 03ep-CTapHu. IlOpOJI,bI O6bI9HO CepOBaTO-CHHHX
TOHOB, HJIOBaTbie, neCLIaHbie, coj ep}KaT HeKOTOPOe KOJIHtIeCTBO paCTHTeJIb-
HOIi Ce'-IKH H o6JiaaaioT cJIa6bIM CePOBOJ(OpOJ[HbIM 3anaXOM. I4HorRa B HHX
npOCJIe}KFBaeTCSI HeACHaA rOpH30HTaJIbHaI CJIOHCTOCTb. HO MHHepaJIOrHT-Ie-
CKOMy COCTaBy OHH He OTJIHTIaIOTCA OT BMeuja1OHLHX HX neCKOB, HO cpeJiH
I-JIHHHCTbIX MHHepaJIOB, KpOMe riiapocJnoa, coJjepx(aT MOHTMOpHJIJIOHHT.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B nectlaHbix aJiJIIOBHaAbHbix ocaRKax BcTpetlaeTCi npecnosoJ Hasl cpayHa.
Ha116oJiee 6oraTble c60pbl 6bIJIH npOH3BeaenbI B BaXTHHCKOM Sipy, rae o6-
Hapy)KeHbl MHOrotJHCJIeHHbie cpoprbi Sphaerium corneum Linne, )KHByU.1He
Ha nectlaxoM aHe KpyHHbIX peK, Radix ovata Drop., Valvata piscinalis Mull.,
o6HTaIomHe B THXHX 3aTOHaX H CTapHuax, H COnyTCTByK)II1,aSI HM Ha3eMHaci
Eulota fruticum Moll.
0 20 40 60 80% 0 20 40 60 80 100% 0 20% 0 20 40 60 80.10,
m
09
Fe-I
25 '='D06
0
ELI
?0
]22
0
Pal
TTT
(PHr. 4. CnopoBo-nbinbueBwe AxarpaMMbl McCCOBCKO-caM6yprCKHX OTJIo)KeHHt
BaxTHHCKoro slpa:
A-o6uyero cocxaBa nUlnbubl H coop, 1i-nbinbub ApeBe CHblx nopoA, B--nbinbubI naHa, r-nbiJlbubl
TpBBHHHCTbIX paCTeHHA.
1-nogaa; 2-rAHHa; 3-cyrAHHOK; 4-cyrAHHOK; 5-cynecb; 6-necoK; 7-TOp4; 8-TOp1 ; 9-raJlbKa; 10-BanyHbl;
11-nwnbua ApeBecubIx nopoA; 12-nwnbua KyCTapHHKOB, KycTapHH'KOB H TpaB; 13-cnopw; 14-Larix; 15-AbI-
es; 16-Picea; 17-Pinus sibirica; 18-Pinus silvestris; 19-Betula (ApeaecHwe 4)opMw); 20-Alnus; 21-Arte-
misia; 22-Ghenopodiaceae; 23-Gramineae; 24-Cyperaceae; 25-Ericaceae; 23-pa3HOTpaabe; 27-Bryales;
28-Sphagnales; 29-Polypodiaceae; 30-Lycopodiaceae; 31-Selaginella selaginoides; 32-Mecra B3BTH51
o6pasuoa. (CocTaBHAa E. B. Hope HeBa).
Ho aaHHbIM E. B. Kopexesoi-i, H3 OTJIO}KeHHI3 MeccoBCKO-caM6yprcKoro
ropH30HTa (BaXTHHCKHi3, MapKOBCKHI3 5IpbI H CKB. 9) YCTaHaBJIHBa1OTCII
CnOpOBO-nbIJlbueBbie CneKTpbI TyHJ[poBOr0 H JIeco-TyH,gpOBorO THna (4 Hr. 4)
c npeo6JIaaaHHeM 1lpeBeCHbIX nopoA OJIbXH H 6epe3bl npH He3Ha4HTeJIbHOM,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
He 6oJiee 5%, coaepxcaHHA XBOcIHbIX: eJIH H COCHbI. OJiHOBpeMeHHO OTMe-
' aeTCA 3HatiHTeJIbHoe (15-20% OT CYMMbI BCeX COCgHTaHHbIX 3epeH) npH-
CyTCTBHe nbIJIbUbI KyCTapHHKOBocI 6epe3bl (Betula nana). BOJIbluoe ytlacTHe
B CnOpoBO-nblJlbueBblX CneKTpaX npHHHMaeT nbIJIbua TpaBS1HHCTbIX paCTe-
HHIi, B OCHOBHOM pa3HOTpaBbe, nOJIbIHH, JIe6eaOBble H BepeCKOBble.
BeebMa Ba KHO OTMeTHTb 3HatlHTeJIbHoe KOJIH'IeCTBO nepeOTJIOxceHHblx,
HO xopoomleH COXpaHHOCTH TpeTHtIHbIX H McJIOBbIX 3epeH H nblJlbubl: Ulmus,
Tilia, Quercus, Juglans H T. A.
fIpHBeJjeHHbie aaHHble CBHJjeTeJlbCTByIOT 0 TOM, 4TO B McCCOBCKO-caM-
6yprcKoe BpeMA B HCCJIeJ[OBaHHOM pafIOHe cyluecTBoBaJIH OTKpbITble JIaHJj-
UIa(pTbl c ytIaCTHeM B paCTHTeJIbHOM nOKpOBe pa3Hoo6pa3HbIX pa3HOTpaBHbIX
accouHauHli C npeJ[CTaBHTeJISIMH CeMe1CTB 606OBbIX, 30HTHtIHbIX, FB03,0Htl-
HbIX, BOpCSIHKOBbIX H apyrHX CO 3HaIIHTeJIbHbIM ytlacTHeM nOJIbIHeii, Jie6ejjo-
BbIX, a TaKxKe KyCTapHHKOBOIi 6epe3bl. Ho aOJIIiHaM peK, BepOSITHO, Cy-
IueCTBOBa.IH 3apOCJIH OJIbXH. Ho CyujeCTBy aHaJIOrHtlHble naJleo6OTa-
HHt4eCKHe aaHHbie nOJlytleHbI JI. B. FoJly6esoli (1957) JjJI, CHHXPOHHbIX OT-
JIOx(eHHI3 B HH30BbAX O6H. B cnoPOBO-nbIJlbueBblX CneKTpaX npeo6JlaaaeT
(60-70%) nb1Jlbua TpaBHHHCTbIX H KyCTapHHKOBbIX paCTeHHH, OTMetIa~,Tcq
BbICOKHH npoueHT (25%) cojjepxcaHHA KyCTapHHKOBOIi 6epe3bl. L peBeCHble
nOpo,abI npeaCTaBJIeHbI 6epe3oi3, COCHOI3, eJIbIO H KeapoM. HO MHeHHIO
J1. B. FoJly6esoi3, B HH30BbAX 06H B 3T0 BpeMH cyIueCTBOBaJIH 6e3JleCHble
JIaHJ(ma(PTbI, a B 6OJIee IO){HbIX paIioHax-pacTHTeJlbnble accouHalHH THna
. FlaJieOKapnojlorHtIeCKHe HccJIeAOBaHHH, npHBeJjeHHble
B. H. HHKHTHHbIM H r. A. Ba.lyesoi B 1956 r. H3 (1955 r.).
Fl03,JHee, B 1956 r., C. B. f11aUKHIi BbIReJIHJI CHHXPOHHble MOPCKHe OCaRKH
fOg Ha3BaHHeM > B pa3pe3e CaM6yprCKOH CKBa-
)KHHbI B HHTepBaJle 103-3,50 M. OHH 3aJleraloT 3Recb Ha pe3KO pa3MbITOIi
CaMapOBCKOIi MopeHe. B OCHOBaHHH pa3pe3a BCKPbIBaIOTCH rpy6ble neCKH
C raJIbKOIt (103-61,30 M), cMeHHIOIuHecx 3aTeM McJIKO3epHHCTbIMH neCKa-
MH, CyneCSIMH H CyrJIHHKaMH (61,30-56,70 M) H, HaKOHeu, }KHPHbIMH rJIHHa-
MH (56,70-28,0-3,50 m).
Ho BceMy pa3pe3y OnHcaHHOII TOJIMH HIHPOKO npeRCTaBJIexa 6opeaJlbnasl
(payHa. C. Tl. TPOHUKHM C riiy6HHii 71,0-61,60 M onpeiieJieHbl c,iejyioujie
BHRbl: Balanus hameri Asc., Buccinum sp., Astarte montagui Dill. var. indet.,
Macoma calcarea (Chemn.), Mya truncata Linne, Cyrtadaria jenisseae
Sacks. B HH}KHecI r-IaCTH HHTepBaiia 61,60-50,70 M Balanus hameri Asc.,
Proplamussium groenlandicum (Sowerby) f. major, Astarte montagui
(Dill.) var. indet., Mya truncata Linne, a B Bepxxell LiaCTII - Balanus humeri
Asc., Buccinum sp., Astarte montagui (Dillwn) spp., Striata Leach., Macoma
calcarea (Chemn.), Mya truncata Linne H, HaKOHeu, Ha rJIy6HHe 50-70-
42,70 M-Macoma calcarea (Chemn.), Astarte montagui (Dill.), Leda cf.
pernula (Mill.). fIpHBe, eHHbII3 COCTaB (paynbl, no CBHReTeJIbCTBy C. A. Tpo-
IIUKOrO, He aaeT npaBa OTHeCTH ee K CaHLIyrOBCKOMy ropH30HTy B. H. CaKCa.
Oco6eHHO Ba}KHbIM 06CTOHTeJIbCTBOM }IBJIHeTCSI npHCyTCTBHe 06JIOMKOB
Cyprina islandica L., KOTOpaF, KaK H3BeCTHO, BMeCTe C Cyrtosaria jenisseae
Saks xapaKTepxa )IJiII 6OJIee TenJIOrO Ka3aHueBcKorO 6accei3Ha.
14CXORSI H3 3TOr0, C. A. TpOHLKH1 npeRHOJIO}KHJI Ka3aHueBCKHIt B03PaCT
ocaRKOB npHBeaeHHoro pa3pe3a.
Me}KRy TeM caM6yprcxasl CKBa}KHHa 3aJIO)K Ha B OCHOBaHHH eCTeCTBeH-
HOI'O o6Ha}KeHI4II, B KOTOpOM, no B. H. CaKCy, BCKPbIBaIOTCH CaH'f FOBCKHe
OCKOJIb'-IaTO-we6HeBaTble CyrJIHHKH C 60JIbLHHM KOJIHTIeCTBOM O6JIOMOLIHOrO
MaTepHaJia, B TOM LIHCJIe H BaJIyHOB, a 'naK}Ke CORep}KHTCH cpayHa Portlandia
lenticula MOIL. CTaJIO 6bITb, caM6yprCKaiI TpaHCrpeCCHH, cTpaTHrpa(pHile-
CKOe nOJIONCeHHe KOTOpOII XapaKTepH3yeTC5I 3aiieraHHeM Meacuy caMapoB-
CKOII MOpeHOti H CaH9yrOBCKHM I'OpH3OHTOM B. H. CaKca, npeaweCTBOBama
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CaHlIyFOBCKOMy BpeMeHH, HB15IHCb 6ojiee JjpeBHeii. YC.IIOBHr 1JOMHPOBalinH
OTJIO}KeIIHH co6CTBeIIHO C0H4yFOBCKOIO FOpH30HTa, 110 MHCIIHK) C. 5. UJa]IKO-
I'0 11 JLp., TleIHIIKOBO-MOPCKoe, TaK KaK Ha 3T0 BPeM5 HPHXOJ1HTCH Ta30BCKOe
o1eJIe'CHne.
TaKHM o6pa30M, nMeHHO B caM6yprCKoe BpeMSl na4nHaeTC51 o6H1npHaft
]IOCTcaMiaipoBOKalI TpaHCrpecCHS1. Pa'Cn'pocrpaHeHHC ee K lo'ry, n0-BH,Zj11 1OMy,
(1)HKCnpYCTCH no H10LLIaJjHOMy pa3Mb1By nOACTn.IIaIOn1,eI1 CaMapOBCKOIi 1110-
pellbl. I1o3TOMy IO>KHOA rpaHHlla caM6VprcKO-MCCC0BCKOro 6aCCe]Ina Hpo-
xoJjnala IlpnMepxo y lllHp0Tbl r. TypyxallcKa. Mope ~npOHHKJIIO Clo,,a KaK 110
jjOJII1He EHHCeM, TaK no TypyxaHCKOIi aeripeCCHH 143 Ta3-IlypOBCK0ro
paiiolla. B pi e TypyxaHCKHX CKBa}KHH CaM6yprCKO-McCCOBCKHe OTJIO}Ke11u11
3aJIel'aK)T 11a CHJIbHO pa3MbITOI1 CaMapOBCKOH MopeHe, npeBpanje11H01'[ B 6a-
3a.iI1)llble I'aJI(:4HHKH H neCKH C BaJIyHaMH (cm. (~Hr. 1). OHH CJIO}KCHbI 50-
60-MCTpoBOii TOJ7njeH nepecJlaHBaI0MHXc9 FJIHH, cyrJIIHKOB, cyneceii it
IleCKOB. Cyr1HHHCTble HOpOJIbI TOHKOOTMyoeHHble, cJ10HCTble B OTJleTlbHbIX
IIpoc:io iX C paCTHTeJIbHbIM ieTI)HTOM, eWHHH4HOIi raJIbKOu H Me.1KHMH 113-
BCCTI(O13HCTbIMH K0HKpeUHHMH. FICCKH Cepble CyLUeCTBeHHO KBapueBble, T011-
K0-MC,IKO3eplIHCTbie rjIHHHCTble. BBepx no pa3pe3y KaK B CKBa}KnnaX, TaK H
eCTeCTBennblx 06Ha}KeHHHX no TypyxaHy paCCMOTPCHHb1e OTJIO}KeHHH HOCTC-
IIeHnO nepCXOJjHT B Ta30BCKO-caH4yrOBCKyIO TOJIILIy, 113 KOTOpOH Al. A. JIaB-
pOBOu 6h,-la onpeJje ieHa (JayHa: Astarte crenata Gray H Macorna sp. (cal-
carea?) (ApxnnoB, 3y6aKOB, JIaspywHH, 1957).
B JjO.mHHe EHHCe5I, B OCHOB0HHH pa3pe3a I-IyHKOBCKOPO Hpa, BCKpblBalO-
Iljero Ta30BCKO-calloyrOBCKHe OTJIo)KeiiHSI B. A. 3y6aKOBbIM (yCTHoe coo6-
IIjeHHe) 6b1.la HafjIeHa Cyprina islandh:a. TaKaM 6opea1bHa5 (popMa 113Be-
CTHa H3 OTJIO}KeHnli, npofiueHHbIX CaM6yprCKOH CKBa}KHHOH, 4T0 JIaeT, MO}IieT
6bITb, KOCBeHHOe yKa3aHHe Ha 11POHHKHOBeHHe H CK)JIa MOplI. IO)KHee 3aBe-
JIOMO MOPCKHe caM6yprCKHe 0CaJ1KH, BHJIHMO, (fJaKHaJIbHO 3aMeIUaIOCTS[ CHH-
XPOHHbIMH npu6pe}KHO-MOpCKHMH, JgeJIbTOBbIMH H THHH4HO aJIJIIOBna.'IbllbIMH
OCa,aKaMH, OnHCaHHbIMH Bbllue.
Ta30BCK0-caH9yroBCKHII rOpH3OHT-Q2 21+s o6'beirH51eT cJIO}KHO HOCTpoeIl-
Hy10 TO1HIy rJlHIIHaJIbHO-MOpCKHX (BOJIHbIX) H nepeKpblBaIOLIIIIX HX aJI1I0-
BHaJibHO-npu6pe}KHOMOpCKHX OTAwKeHHi , a TaK}Ke CHHXPOHHble um (p.,no-
BnOCJIHIjHaJIbHble H 03epHO-JIeaHHKOBble OCaJIKH B rOpaX H Ha npHnOAHHTbIX
y4aCTKaX IIpHeHHCeGCKOII 4aCTn HH3MeHHOCTH (JIo6OBOII MaTepHK, EHHCeI3-
E10ryi1-jJy64ecKoe Me}KAype4be H T. Jj.).
FJI5IItHaJIbHO-M0pCKHe 0TJIO}KeHHH-glm Q22t+s paCHpo-
CTpaHeHbl B ripej ejiax EHHCeIICK'OG Reripeccmn. B 6accei3He p. Typyxiaua,
B paHone CaM6ypra, B H1130BbHX EHHCeII H T. J. OHH CB93aHbI TIOCTCHCHIIbIM
nepex0JjoM C MOpoKHMI Meccoacxo-caM6yprCKHMn OTJIO3KeHT5IMn H o61aJjaK)T
nan601ee 51PKO Bblpa}KeHHbIM MapHHO-rJIHUHa,IIbHbIM I'eHe3HCOM. I}KHee
LHHPOTbl TypyXaHCKa no nepH4 epnn EHHCei1CKOIG jeHpeCHH, y HOJIHO>KbH
CpeiIHe-Cn6npCKOPO n10CKOrOpbSi, Ha6JIIoaaeTCA HX, BepOIITHO, KJIHHOBH,R-
IIOC 3aJleraHHe Ha HOJICTH.7Ial0LIjHX aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-O3epHbIX O6pa3OBaHH5IX.
,rTIHHSI KOHTaKTa 06bI4HO 4eTKalI, 6e3 caeJIOB pe3KOr0 pa3.NlbIBi1, CMSITHSI
11 Jjecj)opMaIIHif rIOJ.ICTH.jIaIOIIIIX CJIOHCTbIX necKOB. B 3TOM HPOSIBJISICTCSI OJ1110
113 FCHCTH4eCKIIX OT.JIII4uir OTJIOiKeHHII 'ra30B0KO-CaH4yP013CKOro ropii30lira OT
CaMapOBCKOII MOpeHbI. CaMapOBCKu}I IeJIHHK JIe(JOpMHPOBa1 CBoe 10)Ke, B
Cro jj0l1l1bIX MopellaX BCTpe'IaIUTCSI OTTOp}Kenljbl IIOp0;j, HO KOT0pbIM OH npo-
110.33. C ceBepa Ha 10I' I1pOHCXOJIUT BJ1OJIb yCTyiia HJIOCKOFOpb5I (1lallUaJlhHOe
3aMCIIIeHne MapnHO-r.II5I11HaJIbnbIx OCajjKOB cy6a9pa1bllblMH rJIHLLHa3bIIbIMH
o6pa3osaIH5MH, a no arporaM rop - C1nSIHHe c caMapoBCKOI Mopeno1T B
eJLHHyio MOpeIIIiViO TOJILIIy cpe.21IeILIIeJICTO1IeHOBoro o,1eljelleIIHH.
CV6a3pamlbHa1 Ta30BCKaHI MOpeHa (peKH KOMCa, XapHyCHali, (DaTbHHH-
xa II T. J.) BHen1He Ma10 4CM OT..IIH4aeTCH OT BCKPbIBaIOLIjeICSI HepeJ1KO B TOM
}Ke o6Ha}KeHH]I CaMapOBCKOII MopeHbl, oTJjeJIRSICb OT nocje,> Heii na4KOH
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
aJIJIIOBHaJTbHO-o3epHbIX IIAH (p JIIOBHOrJIHUHaJIbHbIX OTJIO)KeHHIf. 3TO Te )Ke Cyne-
CH H C'yFJIHHKH rp513HO-CepOBaT'O-6ypblX TOHOB, 'OO0KOJIb1iaTO-uJ,e6HeBaTON TCK-
CTypbl, c 6oribIHHM KOJInrIeCTBOM 6ecnop5IJjo'IHO pacceHHHOrO B nopoae rpa-
BH1T, ra.nbxn H BaJIyHOB C rpaHyJIOMeTpnueCKHM H MHHepaJiOro-neTpOrpa(MH-
TIeCKHM COCTaBOM, allaJIOrHtlHbIM caMapoBCKOH MopeHe.
B npaBo6epe KHblx eHHCefCKHX slpax OfHCbIBaeMbII3 BepxHHH rJISIIjnaJlb-
HbIII rOp1130HT MaKCHMaJIbHOrO OJIeJjeHeHHH, BbTJjeJIeHHbIII aBTOPOM B 1954-
1955 rr., fOCTeneHHO npn06peTaeT MapHHO-rJllIjna.IbHble LlepTbl.
(IIr. 5. MapxoBcKHx Ap. rnauHanbHO-MOpCKHe Ta3OBCKo-caHgyrOBCKIIC
oTJIO)KeHHH. BH. HO rlepecnaHBaHHe caepxy BHH3:
1) nene.IbHo-cepblx ? cyrJIHHKOB c rpaBBeM, raJlbK0k H Ba.7yHaMB; 2) CBeTnu-)KeJIToro
T0HKO3epHHCToro nbIJIeBaToro BOJIHHCTOCJIOHCToro ' necKa; 3) JIHH3OBHAHoro npocnou
rpaBHA C MCJtKON ranbKocl (BnpaBO OT JIOnaTbI), nepexoasnuero (BneBO OT nonaTbl)
B cepoeaTo-6ypyro rpy6yto Cynecb c peaKo f McJIKOii ranblcoli H rpaBHeM; 4) necKH,
ananorHlHble caolo 2.
fIpe K, e BCerO 3T0 CKa3bIBaeTC5I B JIHTOJIOPHcIeCKOM O6JIHKe paccMaTpH-
BaeMblx oTJIO)KeHHl%I. B OTJIHgHe OT BeCbMa OJ1,HOpOJjHOII BaJIyHHO-CyrJIHHH-
CTOII caMapOBCKOii MOpeHbl no pa3pe3y MapHHO-rjTSIIjnaJIbHbIX OCaaKOB H B
rOpn3OHTaJIbHOM HanpaBJIeHHH Ha6JIIOIIaIOTCSI TO nOCTeneHHble, TO pe3KHe
JIHTOJIOrHggeCKHe nepexoJjbI OT rpy6bIX neC4aHHCTO-cynec1iaHbIX nopojj c o6H-
JIHeM rpaBHST H raJIbKH K FJIHHHCTbIM HJIOBaTbIM, 60JIee OTMyrIeHHbIM ocaj xaM.
McCTaMH OTMCLIaJOTCIT npOCJIOH nbIJIeBaToro neeKa c pe3KO Bblpa)KeHHO13
KOCOII CJIOHCTOCTbIO. JIHH3OBHJ1HO-CJIOHCToe CTpoeHHe OHHCbIBaeMbIX OCaJ[KOB
nO,21lepKHBaeTCH TO 6ecnOpSlJjotHo pa36po?C1aHHbIMH, TO AHq(pepeH1lHpOBaHH0
56
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
H HOC.IOIiHO paCUOJ1 }KeHHbIM B HHX KJIaCTH9eCKHM MaTepHanoM. Co. ep>Ka-
HHe ero B ocaAKaX TO pe3KO B03paCTaeT j o 25-30110 (OT o6ruero o6-beMa
npo6), TO coKpamaeTCH aO npaKTHiieCKH HOJIHOrO HCile3HOBeHH5I (BepXHHn
9aCTb AIIHHCKOI'O pa3pe3a).
B KaueCTBe npHMepa JIHH3OBHAHO-CJIOHCTOPO CTpOeHHSI pace aTpHBaeMbix
OTJio>KeHI{ii Mo)KeT CJ1 )KHTb HeCKO.IIbKO COKpalijeHHoe onuCaHHe MapKOBCKO-
ro sipa ((DHr. 5) :
MOIIAHOCTb, M
1. rI04BeHH0-paCTHTe.nbHbtI c.loii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,2
2. FIOKpOBHaH cynecb HaJIeBO-)KeJITOro UBeTa, nec aHaa, nbIJIeBaTaH, He-
HCHOCJIONCTaB, noJlocaMH ii nHTHaMH o>KeJIe3HeHHaH . . . . . . . .
3. CyrJIHHOK rpH3HO-6ypOro nBeTa, necoaHbIIi, KOMKOBaTbIN C peAKON McJI-
KO}i raJIbKON H rpaBHeM, CJ90HCTbIN. CJIOHCTOCTb o6yCJIOBJiena TOHKHMH
BOJIHHCTO-H3orHyTbIMH npOCe9ocKaMn neCKa H H0.30C4aTbIM oN{eJ1e3He-
HHeM . . . . . . . . . I . 5-1 , 8
4. rlecoK p KaBO->KeJITbIN, KBapIjeBbI6, c 60JIbUJHM CoAep>KaHHeM TeMHO-
UBeTHbIX MHHepaJIOB, pa3l{03epHHCTbIN, C JIHH3amn rpaBIIH H McJIKOI1
raJIhKII, rpy60cJ1OHcTbl9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,4-0,.5
5. rleCOK cepbn1 C 6ypOBaTbIM OTTeHKOM KBapuenblii, T0HK03epHHCTbIH,
I-AHHHCTbIN, C HeaCHOH TOHKON ropH3oHTaJIbH0N CJIOHCTOCTb1O, o6yc loB-
JIeHHocl 3-5 MM npoC9oe4KaMH rJIHHHcroro MaTepna9a . . . . . 0,3-0,4
6. CVrJIHHOK rpB3HO-6ypOro uBeTa, rJIHHHCTbIIi, KOMKOBaTO-Me6HOBaTbIH,
C. 60J1bn111M K0JIH4eCTB094 rpaB112, raJlb'{H H OTACJIbHbIMli Ba.9yHaMn pa3-
MepOM 100-20) MM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,2-1,3
7. rlepecjiallBaHNe HanoAo6He JIeHTOHHbix rJIHH cepoBaTO-6yporo nec4a-
HIiCT000 CYFJIHHKa c rpaBNeM H 6ypOBaTO-KOpHtHeBO1{ rJIHHbI. B nopo ie
BCTpe4aIOTCB OTAeJlbHble raJIbKH ao 25-50 MM, pacnoJlara1omHecR He-
3aBHCHMO OT CJIOHCTOCTH KaK 6bI B o6iijei Macce ocaAKa 0,2-0,3
8. Cynecb >KeJITaH, necHaHaa, nbIJleBaTaH C TOHHB UIDe}i ropH30HTaJIbIIUl1
MHKpOCJIOHCTOCTbIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,2-0,3
9. CyrJIHHOK rpB3Ho-cepbif, neneJlbHO-cepbl}, CHJIbHO neC4aHHCTbIN, C
rlje6HeBaTOr{ OTAeJIbHOCTWO, c 4aCTbIMH 1-3 cm HpocJI0e4KaMH rpa-
BHi"IHbIX neCKOB B nopoae 6eCnop5IA04H0 pa36pOCaHbI rpaBHii, raJlbxa H
BaJI Hb1 pa3MepoM Ao 209 MM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,3-0,35
10. Cynecb TeMHO-cepaH, rpy6aB, cHJIbHO neclaHaa, nepeno.lHeHa rpaBli-
CM H McJIKOii raJIbKON, BCTpe ialoTcH BaJIYHbI yTIoroo6pa3H0N (pOpMbI
AliareTpOM Ao 250 MM. Ha ABYX Banyaax Bcrpeteabi INpaMb1 n noJlli-
POBKa . . . . . . . . 0,5
11. IlepecjianBaHlie, aHalorn4Hoe c.ioio 7 . . . . . . . . . . . 0,3-0,5
12, Cynecb, aHaJlorn4Haa CJIOK) 10, HO C 6oJIbIIJHM KoJIN4ecTBOM o61IODlo9-
11oro MaTepHaia H BanyHaMH ,Zo 250-500 MM, o6Hapy>KnBaloucnx on-
peAeJleHHylo noCJloOHylO L114J4epeHUHaUHI0 no KpynnocTn. fopoaa B
I1c.IOM rpv6o-rop113oHTa.[bHO-C.10IICTaT, 4TO CBH3aHO C HaCTbIMn, HO ]I,-
BhlAep>KaHHbIMH (5-li.l cm) npoc ce9Kain neCKa, HepeAKO K000CJIO1IC-
T000 1,5-1,6
13. rpaBll0BO-ra.ne4HNKOBaa JI11113a, CAo>KeHHaa B OCHCBHOM H3 rpaBI1B H
Ii MellbllJe{i CTCneH1 113 ra.30K .111aMeTpoM 5-10 MM. 06.90M04Hh111 Ma-
TepnaJl OKaTaH no 11 n 1 KJIaCCaM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,2--0,25
14. fleCOK %e.'ITOBaTO-cepbl}l KBapjeBblii, McJIKO3epHIICTbIN, KOCOCJIOnCTb1A.
C.IIOIICTOCTb o6yCJ1oBJleHa TOHKILMO (1-3 MM) npociloe4KaMn n04TH
4epnoro neCKa 3a coeT o6oranIeHlln TeMHOUBeTHbIMH MnliepaJlaMn (ec-
TecTBeHHbI]{ inJlnx) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,2-0,3
15. CyrjinHOK, aHaJiorll4Hblii CJIOI0 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,3-0,4
16. IleCOK 6ypoBaT0->Ke.ITbIIi, KBapgeBblU, MeaIK03epHHCTbIN, XOpONIO OT-
copTnpoBanllblii } OCOCJIOHCTHIIi . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,3-0,4
17. CyrJIIlHOK, allaJlorH4Hbffl CJIOHM 9 n 15, HO C 'IHH3aMH AO 5-10 cm
TOIIKOCJIOIICTbIX r.!IIIH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,2
18. IlecoK, aHa90rn4Hb,N cJloiO 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,6
19. .BI11130BHAHoe nepecjlanBaHne nenejlbHO-cephix nec iallblx Cyr.'IIIHKOB II
o-neceii OCKOJIbgaT0-IIje6HeBaThIX, nepenoJllleHHblx rpaBlieM, ra.3bKOii
It Ba.1 HaMH Ao 250-500 MM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,0-9,5
20, Cyr.9111I0K, ana.lorn4Hblii c.3OHM 9, 15, 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,0
Aila:IormIlioe .7HH3OBH 7Hoe nepecaaHBaHne oTgeT.aHBO yCTaHaBJIHBaeTCSI
,Aa>Ke B 6VpOBblX CKBa?KHHaX no p. TypvxaHV B VCTbe p. CaptiuXH, no EHH-
CeK) 11 T. A.
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IleCqaHble JIIIH3OBHJZHble HpOCJIOH 3HaLIHTeJIbHO yBeJIHgIHBaIOTCSI HO MO1I -
HOCTIi. B CKBa}KHHaX no p. TypyxaHy OHH y}Ke B TpH-HHTb pa3 MOHI,Hee
MapKOBCKoro 5ipa, paCHOJIWKeHHOFO B 200-300 KM K IOry.
HeCKH CyMe'CTBeHHO iKBaplUJBble, HO OTJIeJIbHble ero HpOCJIO,H-c 60JIbWHM
KOJIHOIeCTBOM (jo 8010) TeMHOL BeTHbIX MHHepaJIOB. OKpaCKa FIX 113MeII5IeT-
CH OT I'p53HO-CepbIX Ji,o 6ypblX, 3eJIeHOBaTO-CepblX, }KeJITbIX, OXpHCTbIX TOHOB.
cir. 6. IIpaBbl6 6eper p. EHHCeH Mem,cy CTaHKaMH Baiixa
H IIVHKOBO. BH.Ha CJIOIICTOCTb B TOJIII(e rJlBunaJIbno-MOp-
CKHX Ta30BCKO-caHIIyrOBCKMX OTJIo)KeHHH.
HecKH B pa3HOti CTeHeHH COpTHpOBaHHbie, OT pa3HO3epHHCTbIX rpaBIII{HbIX
C raJlbKOli H BaJIVHaMIT, aO TOIIKHX rJIHHHCTbIX. OcaRKH, KaK HpaBHJIO, C.IIOH-
CTble. B rpy6blX HecliaHblX Hopo aX HpOCJIe}KHBaeTCA KOCaF, B TOHKHX rJIH-
HHCI'bIX - rOpuu3OHTa.IIbHar, CJIOHCTOCTb.
Hap5IJLy c HeCOIaHbIMH HpOCJIOOMH HOHBJIAIOTCH H HaiIHHaIOT HrpaTI, 3a-
McTHyIO pOJIb JIHH3bI TOHKOOTMytIeHHOro H TOHKOCJIOHCTOFO CepOBaTO-CHHeFO
CyrJIHHKa (pence rdHH) C H3BeCTKOBHCTbIMH KOHKpeL[HSIMH (14epH000TpOB-
CK1li , HyHKOBCKHI'I SIpbI. ((rHr. 6), HH30Bbq p. TypyxaHa, TOJICTbiH Hoc
H T. Ji,.) .
OT JIeHTOiIHbIX r.-11111, BCTpelaIO1IUHXCH B TOJII1I,e FJISIILH3JIbHbIX OCaJjKOB
BaXTHHcKOrO II HeKOTOpbIX UPYFIIX SIpOB, 3TH OCaIKH OTJIH9aIOTCSi He TOJIbKO
BHeIllHHMH IIITO.IOPHtIeCKHMH HpH3HaKaMH, HO H HO COCTaBy rJIHHHCTbIX MH-
Hepa.IOB-HpHCyTCTBHeM HapHAy C rHJrpOC.THO ;OiI MOHTMOpHJIJIOHIITa H 6ei(-
LeJIJI HTa.
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,pyroi Ba>KHeI3uIef oco6eHHOCTbIO OnHCbIBaeMbIX OTJIO}KeHHI-i, TaK}Ke
CBHJjeTeJIbCTByIOIue11 O HX MapHHO-rJISIuHaJIbHOM npoHcxo}KJ[eHHH, HBJIHIOTCH
MHOro,4HCJIeHHble HaXOAKH OCTBTKOB MOPCKHX MOJIJIIOCKOB. 06JIOMKH, pa3-
p03HeHHble CTBOpKH, a TaK}Ke XOpOIHO coxpaHHBUJHec$I piaKOBHHbI c o6eHMH
CTBOpKBMH HaiAeHbI B 1955-1957 IT. B pie 6yposbIX CKBa)KHH, 0006eHHO
B eCTeCTBeHHbIX o6Ha}KeHH5IX.
B 1955 r. 06JIOMKH H OTJjeJIbHble CTBOPKH Astarte crenata Gray., Macoma
sp. (calcarea?), no onpeae.neHHlo M. A. JlaBPOBO i, 6bIJIH BnepBble Har3JjeHbl
10. A. JIaBpyulHHbIM (ApxHnoB, JlaspyulHH, 1956) B Ta30BCKOI1 MopeHe Ha
p. TypyxaHe, B 25 KM BbinIe (JaKTOpHH (DapKOBa. B 1956 r. HaXOJTKH JIaBpy-
InHdia 6bIJIH 'nOJ[TBep)KJjeHbl aBTOpoM, a TaK}Ke C. 11. AJIbTepoM (yCT'Hoe
coo6menne) HOBbIMH c'6opaMH. .IeTOM 1956 r. aBTOpoM B Ta30BCKOft MopeHe
B pail loxe ToJlcToro Hoca Ha p. HHK{Hei BanxH (npHTOK p. TypyxaHa) 6b1Jlo
o6Hapy}KeHO HeCKOJIbKO 3K3eMnJIHPOB npeKpaCHO[3 coxpaHHOCTH Portlandia
arctica Gray., Portlandia lenticula M611. (onpeAeJIeHHH C. JI. TponuKOro).
B 1957 r. aBTOPOM H 3. B. AJIemHHCKOI3 B KepHe CKBa)KHH 17 H 19 (r. Ty-
pyXaHCK) H CKBa}KHHbI 15 (CTapbIfI TypyxaHCK) B OTJIO}KeHHSIX Ta30BCKOrO
rJISIUHaJIbHoro rOPH3OHTa 6bIJIH OTMeqeHbI OCTaTKH MOPCKHX MOJIJIK)CKOB, HO
H3-3a nJloxoft COXpaHHOCTH KepHa yAaJIOCb H3BJIe'rb JIHIUb HeonpeaejinMble
o6jiOMKH Bivalvia 143 HHTepBaJia 66,0-78,3 M B CKBa)KHHe 15.
rlepBble C6opbl MOpCKOI1 ()ayHbI 143 OTJIOK{eHHH Ta30BCKOI9 MOpeHbl B npa-
Bo6epe}KHbIX eHHceiiICKHX xpax Me)KJy CTaHKOM BaHxoff H yCTbeM EJroryx
6bIJIH nPOH3BeaeHbI B 1956 r. B. A. 3y6aKOBbIM H L. H. CeMeBCKHM (3y6a-
KOB, 1957).
JIeTO1M 1957 r. yKaa3aHHbHe c,6opbI 6bIJIH 3:Ha'tmTe1IbHO AOnOJrHeHbI IaBTOpOM
H 3. B. AJIeIIIHHCKOi-I. Ho EHHCeIO OCTaTKH MOPCKOI3 (payHbI 6bIJIH HaiI4eHbl
elue aajlee K K)ry, BrIJIOTb AO CnJIbIBHorO Slpa (OKOJIO 10 KM K)}KHee rIO.A-
KaMeHHOI1 TyxrycKH). KpoMe Toro, BeCbMa IJIOAOTBOPHbIMH OKa3aJIHCb nO-
HCKH ()ayHbl no p. AeBSITHXe, Bna4alolueK B EHHCeI1 HH}Ke CTaHKa IIynKOBO,
H p. Bepxxeli CapqHxe.
B HeCKOJIbKHX npaBo6epe}KHbIx eHHCeI-1CKHX Apax Me}KJ[y CTBHKBMH BaH
xa H IlynKOBO B HHTepBaJle oTMeTOK 25-27 M, 35-40 M OTMe'-IeHHbIMH HC-
cJIeAOBaTeJiSIMH B 1956-1957 rr. 6bIJIH co6paHbI, HO onpeAeJleHHlo
C. JI. TpOHIJKoro, HenOJIHble 3K3eMn.ISIpbI, CTBOPKH H 6oilee McJIKHe O6JioM-
KH Portlandia arctica Gray., Astarte montagui (Dill.), Macoma sp. calcarea,
Astarte cf. crenata Gray, Macoma baltica L., Astarte montagui, Saxicava
arctica L. H T. A.
KpoMe Toro, Ha 6H4eBHHKe 6bIJIH BCTjpe'qexbI O6JIOMIKH: Leda sp. indet.,
Mya truncata Linke, Saxicava sp. indet., HeonpeaeJIHMble Bivalvia H T. a.
rlo p. aeBSITHxe o6jiOMKH H ueJlble 3K3eMnJIApbI MOPCKHX MOJIJIIOCKOB B
Ta30BCKOli MopeHe 6bIJIH BCTpeLIeHbI B BOCbMH nyHKTax. A6COJIIOTHble OTMeT-
KH, Ha KOTOPbIX OHH 6bIJIH o6Hapy}KeHbI, nO4HHMaIOTCSI c 25-28 M B yCTbe
JeBSITHXH ao 90-95 M B ee BepXOBb5IX. B CnHCKax (payHbl, no aaHHbIM
C. JI. TpoHuxoro, oTMetIaIOTCSI: Portlandia arctica Gray., Astarte cf. mon-
tagui (Dill.), Turritella cf. crosa, Macoma sp. indet., o6jiOMKH Bivalvia, a
TaK)Ke, nO-BHaHMOMy, Me303OfCKIHX MOJIJIIOCKOB.
K Tory OT IJHPOTbI rlynKOBO - TOJICTbIII Hoe OCTaTKH MOPCKOi1 (payHbl
B Ta30BCKO-caHgyrOBCKHx oca4KaX BcTpe'la}OTCSI Bee pee H peace, a cpeJjH
HaXOJ4OK HagHHaIOT npeo6JlaaaTb 06JIOMKH. JIeTOM 1956 r. B. A. 3y6aKOBbIM
H a. H. CeMeBCKHM HenocpeACTBeHHO H3 OTJIO}KeHHf4, a TaK}Ke H3 OCbIHH, H3
O6Ha}KeHHfi, pacnoJio}KeHHbIX OKOJIO yCTbSI pytIbs IIOJIOBHHHOPO, y CTaHKa
AJIHHCK0r0, B 6 KM BbIIIIe KaHrOTOBCKoro MbICa H B I KM HH}Ke CTaHKa
MapKOBo 6bIJIa H3BJIegIeHa MopCKas (payxa. Cpe4H HaXO4OK oKa3a-
JIHCb o6jiOMKH Astarte crenata (Gray.), Astarte compressa (Linne), Astarte
sp. indet., Macoma sp. indet., Saxicava arctica L., Mya sp. H IleorrpeueJiHMbre
o6JIOMKH Bivalvia.
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ABTOpOM H 3. B. AJIeIJJHHCKOI3 B allaJIOFHtlHbIX yCJIOBHSIX OCTaTKH (layHbl
6bwJiH o6Hapy}KeHbI B OCHOBaHHH o6Ha)KeHHIi AJIHHCKOrO spa, Ha npaBOM 6e-
pery EHHCe5I nPOTHB 1IyJIKOBCKOI1 MOJIOTIHO-TOBapHOI3 (pepMbi B 15 KM
Bbllne CTaHKa MHPHoe, B 2 KM HHMKe CTaHKa JIe6eAb, B 5 KM HH)Ke YCTbs
pytibs rpeMStlero. B 3THX c6opax, no aaHHbIM C. A. TpoHuxoro, BcTpetialOT-
Cs Astarte sp. indet., Macoma cf. calcarea H HeolnpeaeJIHMble o6JIOMKH
Bivalvia.
KpoMe TorO, (payaa 6bIJIa o6Hapyxceaa B tieTbipex nyxKTax no p. Bepx-
Heii CaptlHxe B HHTepBaJle OTMeTOK OT 27-30 (B HH)KHeM TetieHHH) Ao 58-
60 M (B CpeILHeM TetIeHHH). 3r eCb o6Hapy)KeHbI 6bIJIH JIHHIb 06JIOMKH, cpeAH
KOTOpbix C. JI. TpoH1KHli oTMetiaeT Astarte cf. montagui (Dill), Macoma
sp. indet., Portlandia cf. arctica H Heonpeae.71HMbie Bivalvia.
HaKOHeu, CJieAyeT yHOM51H Tb o6 OCTaBnieIiC51 HeonpegeJieHHOl3 (~ayHe.
o6Hapy)KeHHOIi B KePHe CKBaMKHH, npo6ypeaablx B palioae CTaHKa 3bip51-
HOBO B 1950 r., rile 6biJIH npoI3geHbI Ta30BCKO-caHxiyrOBCKHe cnioH.
MHOrOtIHCJIeHHbIMH OKa3aJIHCb TaKMKe C60pbI Ha 6etieBHHKaX y OCHOBaHH51
o6Ha)KeHHIi, B KOTOPbIX BCKpbIBaIOTCS Ta30BCKO-caHtiyrOBCKHe nopo,iuI. B ps-
Ae TOt4eK B paIioHe rlynKOBO, MapKOBO, LlePHOOCTPOBCKHX 51pOB, Mc)KJ[y
CTaHKaMH 3bIpHHOBO H KaaroTOBO, OKOJIO CTaHKa BepXHe-HM6aTCKoe
B. A. 3y6aKOBbIM H a. H. CeMeBCKHM OTMe1 aIOTCM HaXOAKH 06JIOMKOB
Portlandia arctica Gray., Astarte crenata Gray., Astarte compressa L., Saxi-
cava arctica H Bivalvia.
B 3THX MKe nyHKTax, a TaKMKe Ha 6eieBHHKax BAOJIb npaBoro 6epera EHH-
ces McMKAy BepXHe-HM6aTCKoM H baXTOIi, MHPHbIM H JIe6eaeM, npOTHB
CTaHKa KOMCbI H B paliOHe OrIJIbIBHOrO spa JIeTOM 1957 r. aBTOPOM H
3. B. AJIeHIHHCKOii 6bIJIH co6paHbI o6JIOMKH: Portlandia arctica Gray, Astarte
crenata Gray, Astarte sp. indet., Macoma baltica L., Saxkava arctica L.,
a TaKxce MHonogHCJIeHHble 06JIOMiKH Bivalvia, cpeAH KoTOpbIX C. J1. TpoHu-
KHM OTMetialOTCA H aotieTBepTHxIHble.
rlOnyTHO CJIe,yeT OTMeTHTb pe3Kylo pa3HHljy B XapaKTepe c oCCHJIH3a-
IIHH tieTBePTHtIHbIX H Me3030IiCKHX HcKOnaeMbIX. I-IOCJIeAHHe BCTpetIaIOTCH
B BHAe CHJIbHO OKpeMHeBIHHX OTnetiaTKOB H 5iaep (CJIenKOB), tieTBepTHIIHbie
paKOBHHbI TOHIKOCTeHHble, xpy.nKHe, o6JIOM'KH HX KCBeMKHe> , MiaJIOOKaTaHHble.
CeBepHee IIIIHipoTbi r. TypyxaHCKa pacoJiae}IHe e2'HHOH TOUIII-XH ocaA-
KOB Ha TOHKHe i'JIHHHCTble H 6ooiee rpy6ble nectiaabie H cynectiaao-cy-
rJIHHHCTbie c rpaBHeM, raJIbKOIi H eAHHHtIHbIMH BaJIyHaMH npocaioH, CBs-
3aHHbie McMKAy co6oIi nOCTeneHHbIMH JIHTOJIOI'HtleCKHMH nepexoaaMH, CTa-
HOBHTCH 3aKOHOMepHOIi tiepTOli CTpOeHHS 'na3'0BCKO-caHIIyrOB0K0FO ropH-
30HTa.
B KatIeCTBe npHMepa npHBeaeM pa3pe3 HJIaXHHCKOrO spa, aOnOJIHeHHO-
ro noa6ypxoli rnoa OCHOBaHHe o6Ha)KeHHS, BCKpbIBa1oIuero CTpoeHHe Jlesoro
6epera p. EHHCeH B 0,3-0,4 KM BbIIlIe CTaHKa rlJiaxHHo. HHMKe 6poBKH, pac-
noJlaraloiuelic51 Ha OTMeTKe npHMepao 50 M, BcxpbIBaIOTCS:
gl Q3z
2
fg1Q 3Z
2
mQ 3kz
2
60
1. rlotisa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,2-0,3
2. CyneCb rp53Ho-6ypaH, CHJIbHO nectlanaB, pb1XJIaH C JIHH3aMH
pa3H03epHHCTOrO neCKa H 6eenopBAo9HO pa36poCaHHuM no
CJIOK) o6JIOMOt1HbIM MaTepHaJIOM, cpewH KOT'OpOI'O npeo6Jla-
Aa1oT KpynHasl raJlbKa H BaJIynbl pa3MepOM Ao 200-500 MM.
rlOAalllBa cJIos tleTKaa, BoJIHHCTasI . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,3-3,5
3. rlecoK 3KeJIToBaT0-cepbifl KBapueBblfr c npHMecbIO TeMHOUBeT-
HbiX, pa3H03epHHCTbIf1 C BOJIHHCTOH3OrHyTOH CJIOHCTOCTbIO.
B OCHOBauHH CJIOH oTMetraloTCS KapMaH0o6pa3Hble npocJloH
McJIKoro raJIe9HHKa, MOII(HOCTbIO 0,3-0,5 M . . . . . . . 4,5-4,6
4. feCOK cepblfi KBapueBblft, McJIK03epHHCTGIii, npeKpaCHO OTCOp-
THpOBaHHbIN, ropH30HTaJrbH0- H BOJIHHCT0-CJI0HCTbIH. Heno-
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cpeACTBeHHO H3 necKOB H H3 OCbIHH co6paHa 4)ayHa: Balanus
cf. hameri Asc., Portlandia sp. Indet., Macoma calcarea
(Chemn.). Mya truncata Linne (onpeAeJleHHB C. J1. Tponu-
Koro). rloAOmBa CJI051 HepOBHaH, Co cneAaMH pa3Mb1Ba. Flo
KOHTaKTy C nOACTHJIaIOIUHMH nopOAaMH OTMe4aIOTC51 Kap-
MaHO06pa3Hb1e npocJ101: raJIe4HHKa . . . . . . . 5,2-5,3
iIIglQi25 5. CyrJIHHOK TeMHO-6ypbni, rJIHHHCTbIi1, McCTaMH HJIOBaTbni, McJI-
KOKOMKOBaTbIH H 3eMJIHCTOH CTpyKTypbI, HeBCHOCJIOHCTbd1 C
rpaBHeM H raJIbKOFi, pa3MepOM Ao 10-25 MM. TpannOB, nec-
4aHHKOB, AOJIOMHTOB, aprHJIJIHTOB C OTne4aTKaMH K)pCKOH
tlmynbi H T. A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,0
BHH3 n0 pa3pe3y H B rOpH3oHTaJIbHOM HanpaBJIeHHH nopoAa nepe-
XOAHT B IJIHHbI
n 6. rJIHHa TeMHo-cepaa C KOpHgHeBaTbIM HJIH CHHHM OTTeHKOM OT
necgaHOH AO )KHpHOH, TOHKC ropH3oHTaJIbHO-CJIOHCTaf, Ta6-
JIHT4aTaH, . coAep)KHT, n0 onpeAeileHxlo C. A. TpoHUxoro,
06JIOMKH Portlandia sp. indet., Astarte if. montagui (Dill.),
Saxicava arctica (Linne). rJIHHbI o6Ha}KaIOTCB Ha 6e4eB-
HHKe. MX HOAOIIIBa BCKpbITa CKBa)KHHOH Ha rJ1y6HHe 9,0 M
HH)Ke ypOBHB BeCeHHero naBOAKa . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-13
B 6eperosblx, o6pbrsax BAoJIb EHHCeH me>K)ly IlllaxnHo H r. ayAHHKOri
IIOMHM,O CJIOHCTbIX FJIHH H Me6HeBaTO-KOM'KOBaTbIX CyrJIHHKOB C ?rpaBHeM
H raJIbKOIi, no5BJI5IeTCR rOpH3OHT nectiaHbIX ocauKOB, npHypo4eHHbIX K BepXaM
Ta3oB'CKo-oaHlryroBCK0Ii TOJIU.[H. 0,aHIi H3 TaIKHX paspe30B O IHCaH B OCHOBa-
HHH o6pblBa npaBoro 6epera p. EHHCex B 15 Q(M HHxce yCTbR p. 0O1KHHOU.
BpOB?Ka Rpa H BCR ero BepXHSIH LIaCTb CHJIbHO OHJIbIJIH, 3a,1[epHOBaHbI H 3a-
pOCJIH JIeCOM. JIHH.Ib npHMePHO C OTMeTKH 40-45 M O6Haxca1OTC51:
1. rleCOK cepb1H, KBapgeBblf, c 6OJIbIHHM coAep)KaHHeM TeMHOUBeTHbIX, X0-
p0III0 oTCOpTHpOBaHHbIH, CJIOHCTbIFi, c 60JIbIUHM KOJIH4eCTBOM McJIKHX
HIapoBHAHbIX H JIeneWIKOBHAHbIX necgaHbIX C H3BeCTKOBHCTbIM UeMeHTOM
KOHKpe11HH, BHAHMa5 MOI1(HOCTb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,5-4,0
143 neCKOB H3BJIe4eHbI O6JIOMKH H uejibie CTBOPKH (i)ayHbI, onpe, eJIeHHOIi
C. JI. TpOHUKHM KaK: Portlandia arctica (Gray), Area sp. indet., Astarte
compressa (Linne). IIepBbie qBa BHAa (TeM 6OJree, eCJIH Area sp. RBJIReTCR
Area glacialis) BecbMa xOJlogHoBogHbie, o6HTaIoHjHe Ha HJIax. KpoMe Toro,
ace BHJibl Area cpaBHHTeJIbHO rJly6oK0B0AHbI. HaJIHIIHe HX B BbluIeonHcaHHbIX
neCKax COBMeCTHO C Astarte compressa L. - apKTO-6opeaJlbHoro BHJIa, o6H-
Taioniero Ha neCKaX H 'nec'IraHO-KaMeHHCTbIX rp'yHTrax (Ipe)Ke max) -in03BO-
JIHJIO C. JI. TPOHuKOMy BbICKa3aTb npej(nOJIo}KeHHe 0 He.laJIeKOM nepeOTJIO-
)KeHHH paKOBHH. flOCJIeJ[HHe MOPJIH 6bITb 3aHeceHbl B cpaBHHTeJIbHO McJIKO-
BOJ[Hble neclIaHble OTJIO}KeHHR H3 6o iee rJIy60KHX IraCTeli 6acceI3Ha.
B OC?HOBaHHH neogra'HOro IropH3o.HTa IfORBJIAIOTCR JIHH30BHAHbre IIIpOCJIOH
UJIHH H }La6JIIO,gaeTC$I JIOCTeneHHbIH nepeXO,Z[ B rIOACTHJIaIoLnHe fOpoAb1.
2. rJIHHa cepOBaTO-CHHHH, HJIOBaTa5, B BepXHefi 4aCTH CJIOH necgaHaB,
HH)Ke )KHpHaB, ropH30HTaJlbHO-c.IOHCTaH. CJIOHCTOCTb o6ycJIosnena 4e-
peAOBaHHeM npocaoeB TeMHO-cepoii C CHHHM oTTeHKOM )KHpHOI1 H CBeT-
J1o-eepoi 6ypoBaTOH rJIHHbI, a TaK)Ke npocnoeB caeTJlo-6ypofl My4HHC-
TOH cyneCH. BHAHMa$ MOHiHOCTb 2,2 M.
B TOJIll rJIHH coaep}KHTCR, no onpeAe.nenHlo C. JI. Tpoauxoro, 6oJlbuloe
KOJIH4eCTBO uejibix CTBOPOK H 06JIOMKOB BbICOKOapKTHTiecKoro BHga Port-
landia arctica (Gray) H o6JIOMKH Astarte compressa (Linne). (DayHa BcTpe-
IfaeTCR B BHJje JIOKaJIbHbIX CKOnJIeHHIi - KOJIOHHri. 3TO RBJIeHHe, n0 MHeHHIO
C. JI. Tpoauxoro, xapaKTepHO aim apKTHIieCKHX MopeIi H IraCTO BCTpe'IaeTCSI
B CaHIIyrOBCKHX rJIHHHCTbIX ocaAKaX B HH30BbHX EHHCeR, B 6acceltiie peK
FOJIbIIHXH, MoxosoI3, Aranbl, Ha ,aOpo4)eeBCKOM noJlyocTpoBe.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
He H Bb1LIIe no TeLIennIo EHHCeM B OCHOBaHHH 6eperOBbIX o6pbIBOB KOe-
rjje o61ia}KaIOTCI cepble OCKOJIbtIaTO-Hje6HeBaTble CyrJIHHKH C rpaBHeM, raJib-
KO13 H BaJIyHaMH. FHncoMeTpHTIeCKH OHH 3aJleralOT npHMePHO Ha OjjHOM
ypOBHe C OnHCbIBaeMbIMH rJIHHaMH. TeM He McHee no EHHCeIO HX CTpaTHrpa-
(hHt1eCKoe nOJIO}KeHHe H3-3a nJIoxo i 06Ha}KeHHOCTH OCTaeTCA He51CHbIM. [lo-
.n0}KeHHe 3THX nOPOA B pa3pe3e Ta30BCKO-caHTIyrOBCKOrO rOPH3OHTa yiaeTCSi
Ha6JIIO,i[aTb no p. POKHHOII, B ee HH}KHeM TetIeHHH. B eCTeCTBeHHbIX 06Ha}Ke-
HH5IX OTMetIeHHble CyrJIHHKH HJIH nOACTHJIaIOT, HJIH nepeKpblBaIoT CJIOHCTble
IJIHHbI. B nepBOM CJIyt-ae nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbHOCTb HanJIaCTOBaHH51 nOpOA Ta30B-
CKO-CaHLIyrOBCKorO rOpH30HTa CJiejyloiuax:
MOUuHOCTb, M
I. 3bIpaHCKHe. CHJIbHO BaJ1yHHCTb1e cyneclt HJIH BaJIyHH0-raJIe9HHKH . . . AO 5-6
2. I7eCKH C JlenenlKoo6pa3HbIMn KOHKpeUHAMH, allaJlorHgHble OHHCaHHblM
Ha EHIcee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ao 1,5
3. FJIIiHbI CJIOHCTble TOHKOOTMy4eHHbie c cpayHOH . . . . . . . . . . . Ao 10
4. CyJJIHHKH, nepexoi iiii e B CynecH C rpaBHeM, raJlbKOH H OTAeJlbHbIMH
BaJIVHaMH. BHAHMaa MOn1HOCTb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ao 3
B ApyrHx o6Ha)KeHHSIX HH}Ke 3bip5IHCKHX OCaAKOB, npeACTaBneHHbIX ra-
.7eT4HHKaMH HJIH CHJIbHO BaJIyHHCTbIMH cynec5lMH, BCKpbIBaJOTC51:
1. CyrJIIIHKH TeMHO-cepble rJIHHHCTble, HJIOBaTble, c rpaBHeM H peAKOH
rajlbKOli, c MieTIKHMH HeOnpeXeJIHMbIMH 06JIOMKaMH 4layHbl, nOCTeneHHo
nepexoAftn1,He BHH3 no pa3pe'3y B CJIOHCTble rJIHHbl . . . . . . . . . Ao 3-4
2. FJIHHb1 CJIOHCTble c (payHOH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AO 7
3. CynecH HJIH CHJIbHO rJIHHHCTbie yHJIOTHeHHb1e neCKH C raJIbKOH H eAH-
HHTIHbIMH BaJIyHaMH. BHAHMaH MOIHHOCTb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AO 1,5-2
Henocpe.jCTBeHHble Ha6JIIOAeHHA no eCTeCTBeHHbIM 06Ha}KeHHSIM OnHCbI-
BaeMbIX O6pa3OBaHHI3 CBHAeTeJIbCTBY1OT 0 nOCTeneHHbIX nepexoi ax CJIOHCTbTX
6e3BaJIVHHbIX rJIHH B 6o.nee rpy6bie, coaep}KauwHe o6JIOMOTIHbJII MaTepHa.'I,
CVrJIHHKH H CynecH. HeCKH }Ke 3aiieralOT O6bITIHO B BHAe CTpaTHrpa(pHtIeCKH
BbIjjep}KiaHHOI"O JIHH3OBHAHOrO rOPH30HTa, BeHT-1a51 Ta30BCK0-caHITyrOBCKVI0
TOJIHjy.
H. H. J'psaxueB (1930, 19311,2) TaK}Ke OTMegaJi uinpoxoe pacnpoCTpaxe-
HHe KBaJIyHHbIX CyIJIHHKOB cpej a MOPCKHX OTJIO}KeHHcI B rJIy6OKHX ueHTpaJIb-
HbIX LTaCTSTX MOpsI>. f oCJIeAHHe, BCTpe4a5ICb TO Haa, TO MexcAy, TO nOA TH-
nHTIHO MOPCKHMH OTJIO}KeHH51MH, C03JjalOT, no ero MHeHHIO, aaxce Ke HMeTb B BHay, IITO B eCTeCTBeHHbIX o6HaxceHHSIX no pexaM
Koco , JJypOMOR, jYaHHKe, B paI-IOHe r. jYaHHKa, B pa3pe3aX no EHHCeIO
B[JIOTb JIO YCTb-FIOpTa H, HaKOHeu, no p. CaHllyroBKe BCKpbIBaIOTCSI Te we
caMble TeMHO-Cepble C CHHeBaTbIM, HHOrJIa 3eJIeHOBaTbIM OTTeHKaMH TO 6o-
Jtee rJIHHHCTble, TO 6oJiee nec'IaHble OCKOJIbIIaTO-Hje6HeBaTble cyrJIHHKH. OHM
co ep>KaT He TOJIbKO rpaBH1i m raJlbKy, HO H eaHHHIIHble BaJIyHbl. npaBJja,
O6JIOMOIIHOrO MaTepHaJla 3Ha1IHTeJIbHO McHbwe; OH B o6Hjel3 Macce McJIb'Ie
H JiylllIIe OKaTaH, IIeM, HanpnMep, B CTpaTHrpa(wHIIeCKH TO>KIeCTBeHHbIx
OTJIO>KeHHSIX nynKOBCKIIX ApOB, Y CTaHKa MapKOBO, KaHrOTOBCKOrO MbICa
H T. a. KpoMe Toro, o6JIOMOIIHbII'I MaTepMaJi KaK 6bI o6pa3yeT JIOKaJIbHble
CKOHJIeHHSI, npnypO'1HBa5ICb K OTJjeJIbHbIM JIHH30BHJIHbIM npoCJIOSIM. npoHC-
XOJIHT, o6pa3HO FOBOp.9, KaK 6bI rpy6bIX CyrJIHHHCTbIX npo-
c ioeB c raJIbKOI3 M BaJIYHaMH B o6Mjeil MaCCe CJIOHCTbIX CyrJIHHHCTO-rJIHHH-
CTbIX nopojl. Bee 3TH TOJIbKO IITO OnHCBHHble JIHTOJIOrHIIeCKHe H3MeHeHH5I Ta-
30BCKO-CaHIIYPOBC'KHX oTJIO>Ke'HHl3 HaH'6oJlee nOJIHO BbIHBJIHIOTCH npH -nocJieJIO-
BaTeJIbHOM H3yIIeHHH eCTeCTBeHHbIX 06Ha>KeHH13 H KepHa 6ypOBblX CKBa>KHH
npH JLBH}KeHHH no EHH'Ceio c Kona Ha ceBep. COBPJpIII'eHHO HHylO Ka'pT'HHy MOryT
JjaTb OTJjeJIbHO iB3HTble O6Ha3KeHH;SI.
TaK, HanpnMep, B pa3pe3e eaH'IyIOBCKHX OTJIOMKeHHcI no p. CaHllyrOBlce,
rJle OHM H 6bIJIH BbIJjeJIeHbI BnepBble B. H. CaKCOM, 06Hia}KaIOTCSI CyrJIHH,KH
TeMHo-Cepble, necllaHble, rJIHHHCTble, OCKOJIbtIaTO-IIje6HeBaTble, C JIHH3OIIKaMH
H pee TOHKHMH (2-3 cm) n'pocJioe'KaMH 'rIeeCKa Ceporo pa3HO3ee'p'HHCTOrO.
B nopojle 6ecnop5iao IHO pa36poCaHbI rpaBHFI H raJlbKa, a TaKMKe OTMe'a}oTCSI
eJIHHHIIHble BaJIyHbI. O6JIOMOIIHbI1I MaTepHaJi B OCHOBHOM COCTOHT H3 Tpan-
fOB, McHbnIe pa3JIHIIHbIX necllaHHKOB, H3peJjKa BCTpeIIaeTCSI KBapu. B OCHO-
BHHHH o6Ha)KeHH5I B npeJleJlaX BJIHSIHHSI BeceHHero naBOJjKa, nopoila nOKpbI-
Ta 6eJIblMH Kap60HaTHbIMH HaJIeTaMH. BHJjHMaII MOIuHOCTb OTJIOMKeHHI-I 10---
12 M. OIfeBHAHO, 'ITO HeKOTOpble HccJIeJIOBaTeJI4 MOrJIH IIpHHSITb OnHCaHHble
OTJIO>KeHHSI 3a MopeHy. H3BeCTHO, HanpnMep, IITO C. B. LLIaUKHH HMeHHO
TaK,oxapaKTepH30BaJi fJItaXHHCKHI3 Ipa3pe3. K...He OTpHualI ueJIH'KOM BbIBOJIbI
B. H. Caxca,-nncaJi B 1952 r. C. B. LLIauKH%i,-o cymeCTBOB HHH caHlly-
FOBCKOPO ropH30HTa B COCTaBe MaTepHKa JIeBoro 6epera p. EHHCeII Ha yIIaCT-
Ke fJIaXHHO-HocoBo-EpMaKOBO, MbI TeM He McHee nOJiaraeM, IITO 3TOT ro-
pH30HT MO}KeT OKa3aTbC5I MOpeHOi'I MaKCHMaJIbHOPO OJIeJIeHeHHq>>. K 3TOMY
BbIBOJIy npHBeJIH C. B. LLIaUKoro K06njHFI 06JIHK cyrJIHHK0B, OTCYTCTBHe B
HHX CJIOHCTOCTH, HaJIHIIHe B TOJIIue CYPJIHHKOB 6eCHOp51JIOIIHO paccellHHbIX Ba-
JIYHOB H raJleK...> Boo6Hje Haao oTMeTHTb no 1OBOJIy JIHTOJIOPIIIIeCKOFO o6-
JIHKa CaHIIyrOBCKHX OTJIOMKeHHII, IITO YTBep)KJIeHHSI HCKOTOpbIX HccJIeJIOBaTe-
JIel3 0 TOM, IITO 1OCJICJ HHe BKO6bI COBepLIIeHHO He COJIep>KaT 06JIOMOIIHOIO Ma-
TepHaJia, He SIBJISIIOTCSI a6COJIIOTHO TOIIHbIMH. JIeTOM 1957 r. aBTOp BMeCTe
c 3. B. AJIeIIIHHCKOI3 H C. A. TPOHUKHM HMeJIH BO3MO>KHOCTb y6ejWTbCSi B
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TOM, LITO B KepHe MHOFO4HCJIeHHbIX CKBa)KHH, npO6ypeHHbIX YCTb-EHHCeiI-
CKOI-I 3KCneAHUHeH cpeAH CaHtIyrOB'CKHX OTJIO)KeHHII, 6bIJIH He TOJIbKO rpaBHI3,
HO H OTAeJIbHa5I, OtieHb KpynHa5l raJlbKa. BMeCTe C TeM, a6CTparHpyxcb OT
'IaCTHOCTeI3 H o6o6iuasi HMeIoLuHeCH pa3pe3bl, MO}KHO CAeJIaTb BbIBOA, tITO
,o61uHfI O6JI'HK paOCMaTpH'BaeMbIX OTJIO}KeHHH B paiioxe Ae5ITeJIbHOCTH YcTm-
EHHCeKCKOI3 3KCneJHUHH H TeM 60Jiee AaJIee K CeBepy OT YCTb-fIOpTa, B eCTe-
CTBeHHbIX o6Ha)KeHHSIx H B CKBa}KHHaX H3 paflOHa Con-KaprH H P. RKOBJIe-
BOI1 yKa3bIBaeT Ha HX npeo6JlaAaioluHH MOpCKOH reHe3I4C. Oco6eHHO 3TO OT-
HOCHTCSI K HH}KHeII LIacTH caHtiyrOBCKOFi TOJIH.[H, TaK KaK K ee BepXaM B AaH-
H'OM paiioHe ;B OCHOBH-OM H n'pHypogeHbI IBKJIK7tieHHR 6oJiee rpy6brx oca--
KOB.
3TOT BbIBOA nOaTBep}KAaeTCSI yBeJlHgeHHeM BHAOBoro COCTaBa 4 ayabl, Ha-
CLIHTbIBaIOmlel3 ao 30 BHAOB.
3KOJIorHLIeCKaSI xapaKTepHCTHKa (payHbl HeCKOJIbKO pacxoAHTCB Y
C. JI. TpoHuxoro H B. H. Caxca. Tax, B. H. CaKC (1948, 1951, 1953) HeOAHO-
KpaTHO noItiepKHBaJI, 1qTO BCSI (1)ayHa H3 CaHtiyrOBCKHX OCaAKOB COCTOHT H3
ap!K(rHgecKHX ~'OpM, Ia .
CorJlacHO HCCJIeAOBaHHRM C. JI. TpOHIiKoro (B 1955 r.) OCHOBY (~ayHH-
CTHtieCKOrO KOMfJIeKCa COCTaBJISIeT apKTHLIeCKO-6opeaJlbHble, apKTHtieCKHe H
BbICOKOapKTHtieCKHe BHAbI C eAHHHtIHbIMH 6opeaJIbHbIMH H cy6apKTHtieCKH-
MH BHAaMH. ~jOMHHHpyIOIuHMH SIBJISIIOTCH Cardium ciliatum Fabr., Macoma
calcarea (Chemn.), Mya truncata Linne, Saxicava arctica (Linne), AOBOJIb-
MO tlaCTO BCTpetialOTCH Neptunea borealis (Phill.), Serripes groenlandi..us
(Chemn.), Ioldia hyperborea Torrel., Astarte borealis (Chemn.).
BecbMa nOKa3aTeJIbHbIM, no MHeHHIO C. JI. TpOHUKoro (1955), SIBJISIeT-
CSI HIHpOKOe pacnpocrpaHeHHe A'ByX HJIOHAHbIX B'H,AOB - ap'KTH'LIeOKOPO
CCardium,:illiatum Fabr. H apKTO-6opeaJlbHOro Macoma calcarea (Chemn.).
IIocJIeAHHe CBHAeTeJlbCTByIOT 0 HH3KHX TeMnepaTypaX BOAbI H cpaBHH-
TQJIbHO 6oJibUIHx AO 100 M rJIy6HH OTKpbITOrO MOpH.
OTMetIeHHble Bb1Ine neCtiaHbie CJIOH C ()ayH0ii gBJIgIOTCSI, no HaLUeMy MHe-
HHIO, OCaAKaMH perpecCHBHoi (pa3bl caHt;yrOBCKOro 6accei%na.
OHH o6J1aaalOT HIHPOKHM nAi,OHJ.aaHbIM paCnpOCTpaHeHHeM He TOJIbKO no
EHHCeIO, HO H no p. I3OJIbLUOK XeTe (B. C. BOJIKOBa, 1958) H BepXOBbRM Ty-
pyxaxa (10. A. JlaBpyu1HH, 1956). IOxcxee Typyxana cTpaTHrpa(pHUecKH
'TO}KAeCTBeHHOe noJio}iceHHe 3aHHMaIOT OCaAKH tleTBepTOi3 Haan'OIiMeHHOI3 Tep-
pacbl EHHCeH.
B COOTBeTCTBHH C TOJIbKO TITO npOH3BeaeHHbIM JIHTOJIOrO-(paJLHaJIbHbIM
aHaJIH3OM, CBHAeTeJIbCTBy1OLLLHM O nOCTeneHHOM nepexoae Cy6a3paJIbHblX
r.ISIuHaJIbHbIX,o6'pa3oaaHHi3 cHatia.la B irJISII[HaJIbHO-IMOpCIKHe, is 3aTeM iIIpeH'M!y-
IueCTBeHHO MOpCKHe, Ha6JIIOAaIOTC3I H onpeAe.ieHHble H3MeHeHHSi rpaHyJio-
McTpHtIeCKOrO H MHHepaJIO-neTporpa(1HtieCKOrO COCTaBa ocaAKOB.
JaHHble allaJIH30B McXaHHtieCKOrO COCTaBa OCHOBHOrO cynecgaHO-cyrJIH-
HHCTOTO MaTepHaJia Ta3OBCKO-caHlyrOBCKHx OTJIO}KeHHI1 (Ta61i. 11, 12) no-
Ka3bIBaIOT BHOJIHe 3aKOHOMepHOe BO3paCTaHHe KOJIHtIeCTBa rpy6oro
06JIOMOtIHOro MaTepHaiia B CTOPOHY CpeAHe-CH6HpCKoro nJIOCKoropbH. B
ueHTpaJIbHbIX, CeBepO-3anaAHbIX t1aCTSIX E,HHCeI3CKOfi aenpeCCHH H B HH30Bb-
SIx EHHCeSI HHTepecyK)IuHe HaC oCaAKH He COAep)KaT, KaK npaBHJIO, BaJIyHOB
H KpynHofi raJIbKH. fIOCJieAHHe o6pa3yIOT JIHInb JIOKaJIbHble CKOHJIeHHSI B BH-
Ae JIHH3. McJPKasI raJlbKa H rpa,BHI%I BCTpetgaIOTCH He CBbIHIe 10-15%.
Ilpeo6JlaAaloT BeCbMa OAHOpOAHbie, ropH30HTaJIbHO-CJIOHCTble rJIHHHCTO-
CyrJIHHHCTble OCaAKH. Ho yace B npaBo6epe)KHbIx eHHCeIiCKHX SIpax noSIB-
JISIK)TCSI BaJIyHbI (AO 5,5%) H BO Bce Bo3paCTaio ueM KOJIHtIeCTBe raJlbKa H
rpaBHI3. O61uee coAepxcaxxe 06JIOMOtIHOro MaTepHaJia nOCTeneHHO nOAHH-
MaeTCSI AO 15-18%, McCTaMH 20%. HatiHHaIOT npeo6JiauaTb CyrJIHHHCTble
H cynectIaHbie OCaAKH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B w x o a m A a cc o B,
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
T
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
rpaHyJOMeTpM9eCKHN COMB HepacgJIeHeHHOA MopeHHON TOJIHkH MHKCHMaJIbHoro oaeAeHeHHA Ha OKpaHHe CpeAHe-CH6HpcKoro HJIOCKoropbf
TIpaBblfl 6eper pe9KH TaTapKH, 5,2 KM Bblille yCTbH
pegKH Ma.OH TaTapKH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
JIeBbIN 6eper TaTapKH, OKOJIO 10 KM Bblule ycTbsl
py,ibH Ceeepxoro pa3BUnKa . . . . . . . . . . . .
JIeBbifi 6eper TaTapKH, OKOJIO 10 KM BbIIHe yCTbH
pyvbn CeBepHoro paaaunxa . . . . . . . . . . . .
J1eabIii 6eper TaTapKH, 12 KM HHNCe HcTOlca . . . . .
PeKa 4aTblHHXa. 1lpaBblf 6eper py'hH llopo)KHOrO,
1,5 KM BMIIIe yCTbH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1lpaBblN 6eper (aTbHHHXH, 1,8 KM HH K CKBA ?Mo-
HaXH? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0
ax
Oc?
ca
Oaf
HanyHbl ranbica
200 100 I 50
-100 -50 MM -25 MM
25
-10 MM
Cne-
1 bl
10
-5 MM
-25 MM
2 I 1
-1 MM I-0,5 MM
0,5
-0.2,
MM
nbinb H
rnnna
KeHHH-al Q9 nOJlb3yIOTCH HaH60Jib-
UJHM pacnpOCTpaHeHHeM CpeAH CHHXpOHHbIX OCaAKOB. OHH (~OpMHpyIOT
TpeTbIO HaufOiiMeHHYIO Teppacy EHHCeH. AJIJIIOBHaJIbHaH CBHTa c pe3KHM
pa3MbIBOM JIO)KHTCH Ha HOACTHJIai0IUH Ta30BCKO-CaHgyrOBCKHe nOPORbi. Ee
nOAOLHBa 4)HKCIIpyeTCH BAOJIb npaBo6epexKbsi EHHCeH Ha OTMeTKaX 45-50 M,
a Ha JIeBOM 6epery onycxaeTCH c 43-45 M BbIHIe CTaHKa t-IyJIKOBO Ao 28-
30 M B paiioHe COCHOBOI'O Xpe6Ta. B OCHOBaHHH? CBHTbI, OCO6eHH0 Ha npaBO-
6epe)Kbe, 3aaIera}OT 06bItrHO 6a3aJlbHbie rajle' HHKH MOIUHOCTb}O RO 1,5-
2,0 M. f paHyJIOMeTpHtieCKHfl COCTaB HX AJIH MapKOBCKOrO o6Ha}KeHHH npii-
BeueH B Ta6Ji. 21.
O6JIOMOtIHbIIi MaTepHaJI OKaTaH B CpeRHeM no II-III KJIBCCaM H COCTOHT
H3 TpannOB-38,5%, pa3JIH14HbIX neCtiaHHKOB-51,0%, aOJIOMHToB-6,5% n
KpeMHHCTO-KBapijeBbIX nopoa-4,0%.
Bbline raJle'IHHKOB Ha npaao6epe?Kbe EHHCeH 3aJieraeT 10-15-McTPOBas
TOJIIIja neCKOB cepbIX, cepOBaTO-)KeJITbIX, pa3HO3epHHCTbIX C npOCJIOHMH rpa-
BHSI H eAHHHgIHOii McJIKOIi raJIbKOIi. Ha JIeBOM 6epery nectiaHble OTJIO}KenHH
Jlytllne oTCOpTHpOBaHbI, 6o.iee OAHOpOAHble, McJIKO3epHHCTble, a MoLuxoc'rb
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
rpaHYJIOMeTpH9eCKHN cocTaB aJIJHOBH9 TpeTbef HaanoiMeHHON Teppacm EHHCeH
H3 o6Ha)KeHHA MapKOBCKOro Bpa
Kaaccbl, MM 1100-50 50-25 125-10 10-5 5-2 2-1 1-0,5 0,5-0,25
IlpoueHTHOe co,uepx(aHme 1,5 28,2 124,5 11,5 4,3 2,5 12,5 15,0
Fix yBeJIIIqHBaeTCA J[o 20-25 M. CpaBHHTeJIbxaA rpaxyJloMeTpHilecxaA Xa
paKTepHCTHKa necT4axbIX ocaJLKOB npHBOJjHTCA B Ta6JI. 22.
1IeCKH o6JIaJialOT B.ceB03MWKHOii KOCOIi H ropH30HTaJIbHO-BOJIHH'CTOi'I CJIOH-
CTOCTbIO, LITO n03BOJIAeT OTHeCTH HX K pyCJIOBbIM (pauHAM. Kocbie naLIKH He-
BeJIHKH HO MOHiHOCTH (He 60JIee 0,5-1,0 M). OTaeJIbHbie CJIOiiKH B HHX np2-
MOJIHHecHO-H3OrHyTble, BbIHOJIa}KHBaIOHIHeCA K OCHOBaHH1O cepHI3 ((pnr. 13).
FIa'KH C BOJIHHCTO-H30'rHyTOIi CJIOHCTOCTbIO npeo6JLa,IialOT, ROCTHI'a5I MOIu-
HOCTH 3-4 M. B HHX BCTpe4aloTCA npOCJIOIiKH H JIHH3bI rpaBHA H HJIOBaTbIX
cy'neceli. McCTaMH OTMe'aeTCA THTIHLIHO gHarOHaJIbHaq CJIOHCTOCTb.
BepXHAA LIaCTb Teppacosoro KOMnJIeKCa cjio>KeHa nepeMe)Kaiouielico
na'IKOR MOLUHOCTbIO 3-4 M McJIKO-TOHKO3epHHCTbIX neCK03, cyneceii H Cy-
EJIHHKOB, OLIeBH,IHO, 6JIH3KHX K CTapHLIHbIM (paUHAM.
fpaHyJIOMeTpH9eCKHL1 COCTaB aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbIX rajie9HHKOB
TpeTbeN HaAnOfiMeHHOIi Teppachi EHHCeA
>3 MMI 3-1 MM I 1-0,1 MM -0,01 MM I CMM1
MapKOBCKH{i Hp,
npaBbJA 6eper
p. EHHceB
J]eBbIN 6eper p.
EHHceB, 10 KM
BbIIIIe CTaHKa
4yJIKOBO
7,37
0,02
81,25
91,53
95,38
50,37
6,27
6,07
3,22
7,03
3,00
2,38
1,40
2,60
11OKpOBHble o6pa3OBaHH2 Teppac i npeJI,CTaBJIeHbI CyFJIHHKOM 6yposaTO-
cepbIM, neCLIaHbIM, HOPHCTbIM, nbIJIeBaTbIM, MOH1HOCTbIO 0,5-1,0 M.
B MHHepaJlorHLFeCKOM oTHOIIIe'HH'H aJIJI1OBHii TpeTbel3 HazwO McHHOIi Tep-
pacbI EHHCeA xapaKTep113yeTCA KBapueBO-noJIeBOIIinaTOBbIM COCT2BOM OCaJZ-
KOB. KOJIHggeCTBO KBapua KoJIe6JFeTCA OT 44 ,go 94% ((ppaKgHH 1-0,01),
a noJIOBOI'O Hlnara oT 0,08 Jio 24%. CoaepAaHHe innpoKceHOB (lH}KOHHTa)
H3MeHAeTCA OT cJIeJ[OB MaKCHMaJIbHO AO 15% H B cpegHeM He npeBbIIDaeT
5-7%?
BeCbMa nOKa3aTeJIbHbIM JIJIA OfHCbIBaeMbIX OTJIO}KeHHIi ABJIAeTCH
3Ha'IHTeJIbHOe npHCYTCTBHe CJHOJL (6HOTHTa H MyCKOBHTa) Jio 5-6%, a TaK-
}Ke He3HaLIHTeJIbHOe coaepx(aHHe pyJiHbIX (Ta611. 42).
B jOJIHHe HH}KHeii TyHrycKH CHHXPOHHble OCaRKH CJIaraloT (60-70 M)
Teppacy, nepeKpblTyiO 3bIpHHCKOii MopeHOii. YKa3aHHbIii B03paCT 3TOI3 Tep-
pacbi onpe,ILeJIAeTCA 3aJIeraHHeM ee OCaaKOB Ha pa3MbITOIi nO'BepXHOCTH MO-
peHbl MaKCHMaJIbHOrO oJieaeHeHH51 H TeM, LITO 60Jiee HH3KaS 35-45-McTpoaaH
Teppacy HH}KHeIi TyHrycKH no reoJioro-reoMop(4oJIOrH'eCKHM H naJIeOHTOJIO-
FFi IeCKHM JZaHHbIM COnoCTaBJIAeTCA Co BTOpOii Ha1[noliMeHHOIi Teppacoii
EHHCeA.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
AJhIiOBHa3bHble OTJIO KeHIIA 80-100-McTpOBOf1 TeppaCbl IIpe,'LCTaB.TeHbI
BC'ChMa rpy6blMli pa3HO3ePHHCTbIMH HeCKaMH, rpaBHIHHHKaMII II raJIeIHIIKaMII.
BCLICCTBeHHbI}i COCTaB aJIJIIOBHA (no CpaBHeHHIO c eHHcef1CKHM) o6JIa,gaeT
HCCKOJIbKO CHH)KeHHbIM coaepxcaniieM KBapua (,go 38-48%) H HOBbllileH-
Hb1\I - HHpOKCeHOB (12-14%) H nojieBbix LunaToB (26-40%). OTMCtIaIOT-
Cfl C.ICLbl ueO.IHTOB (CM. Ta6.1. 42).
(Nit. 13. (?'1O1[cTOCT1, B pv(JIOBI,IX OT,1o Ke1141BX TpCTbei[ IIII.I1[oliMeIIHON TCpI)aCH
p. E11I[ceu
h o63aCTH 3b1pIHCKOFO O.Ie,2eHeHIIH CHHXpOIfHb1e aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbie OT30-
}KeIHIH IHHpOKO piaonpocTpaxeHbI B 6acceuHe Bepxxero TypyxaHa, no pe-
KaNT PVCCKOf1, OCeTpOBofi, COBeTCKOK, boOJIbmoi XeTe, B HH'3OBbBX p. Ta3a, Ha
Tai-,''&CCOBCKOM Me}K,gypelbe, r,II,'e onu riepeKpbI'BaIOTCH 6o3ee H03)jHHMII o6pa-
30BallliflMH. B 3TOM paHOHe OHH npelLCTaB3eHb1 HeCKaMH c npoc ionMH cyae-
Cell, rpaBHi H McJIKOfi raJIbKH, a TaK)Ke COAep}KaT 60JIbLHoe KOJIHICCTBO BCe-
BO3N10}KIIOI'O j)BCTHTeJIbHOrO Mycopa 11 ;IHH3bI TOpq)a. 143 TOp(1)H}I11Ka, 303C-
IiOIILeFO B OCHOBaHHH Ka3aHILeBCKHX oCajjKOB, I13133egleHa C."IeJN'KAHas CC-
Mcllllast (IJ.Iopa: Fungi, Carex cf. vaginata, Eriophoruni sp. (cf. vagina-
tum L.), Emporium ni(irum L., Andromeda polyfolla, Mcnl/anthes trifoli-
Cata L. 11 T. ,L.
Ilo yIHeHHIo F. A. baJlyeBOii, oHpe.LIenusweHH gI.iopy (IUauKIlil II ,,p.
1956), BCC 9TH (popMb} 6oJIOTIIbTe H BCe xapaKTepHbI JLIH CeBepHbIX, HOaflplf0-
apKTHtiecKIIX o63acTeii.
ITCCoIaHble XOpOLHO HpOMbITbIC OCajgKH TpeTbeir Ha,IHOIiMCH1Ioi TeppaCbl
EHIICefl HOITH He COJgep}KaT HbIJlbubl H chop. TO TbKO B o6Ha7KeHIIII Te1)paCbi,
pacHO.lo}KeHHOM B 5 KM BbIwe CTaHKa MapKOBO, E. B. KopelieBOH OLIao o6-
[Ia1)y?KCHO HC6OJIbwOC KOJIHIeCTBO HbI3bUbI, cpegH KOTOI)OII npeo6,maacT
omxa, a TaK}Ke coAepxcaTCH 3epxa Pinus sibirica, ApesecHaB 6epe3a, Be-
lula liana, Sahx sp. 14 TpaBbI. DTH CKyJgHble J BHHble (B03MO}KHO, 06bIICHfle-
M61c He6JIarO1IpH2THbIM ,IIHTO.-IorHgeCKHM COCTaBOM Hopo,g) He Ho3P,OJIITIOT
C:LC.'GaTb ,gOCTaTOI110, 06oCHOBaHHbIx BbfBOJLOB 0 xa'paKTepe (~aopbl BpeMeHII
(1)0j)\I111)0BaHI151 TpeTbefi HaLLnoHMenHON TeppaCbl.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
O3EPHb1E H 3CTYAPHb1E OTJ10N(EHNA -1 ImQ2kZ
ToJIbKO 1IT0 OH11CaHHbIC a 7JI1OBHa.'IbHb1e oT,,1o KeHHA B 6acceHHe llli}KHero
TypvxaHa H aa,nee K ceBepy 3aMeLUaIOTC51 CHa,ia.na o3epHO-ajIJIK)BHa.-il,Hhi,".111,
3aTCM 3CTyapHblMH H, HaKOHerL, MOpCKHMH OCaaKaMN. HCKJIIOLIHTe.nhHO C'Ia-
6afl o611a)KeHHOCTb H OTC'TCTBiie aOCTaTO11HOFO KOJIN'IeCTBa 6ypOBI,IX ;2aa
11510 lie F103BOJI2IOT BbISHCHHTb BO BceX geTaJISIx 3T11 (auHa.nbHble llepcxoiIbi.
06paTHMCSI K H3BeCTHbIM HaM pa3pe3aM. B CKBa}KHHe 9, Hpo6ypeHILOH 13
1,5-2,0 KM IOFO-BOCTOLIHee (paKTOPHH cDapKOBO, HHTepeCyIOLUHe Hac OCaJIKH
3a,neraIOT Ha pe3K0 pa3MbITOII nOBePXHOCTH rJIAIIHaJ1bHO-MOpCKHX Ta3oB-
CKO-CaH1qyrOBCKHX nopojax. TJIy6HHa 3p03110HHorO Bpe3a UOCTHFacT 3aCCL
50--60 M. Ka3aHaeBCKHe OCaaKH HCpeKpbIBaI0TC5I 3aeCb OTJIO}KeH132MH BTO-
poll HaanOHMeHHOII TeppaCbI p. EHHCeH.
B O-CIIOBBIHiH Ka3aHueBCKHX nOpOA B HHTepBaJle 68,86--61,0 M HH}Ke
ype3a p. TypyxaHa 3aJieraioT neCKH Cepble, CyLgeCTBeHHO KBapLIelsble
McJIKO3epHIICThTe, CJI10aHCTb1e, HeACHOCJIOnCTble. Ha KOHTaKTe C nO,gCTHJ1a1O-
IIINMB OCaaKaMH OTMeLIaIOTCA FBJnbKa H BaJIyHbI TpaHHOB H neCLiaHIIKOB, BbI-
MbITbIX 113 HOaCTHna1OLLIHX rJIAL1,HaJIbHO-MOpCKHX Ta30BCKO-caH'IyrOBCKHX HO-
pOJJ,. OTJIO}KeHHA NMelOT, CKOpee BCerO, a JIJIK)BHaJ1bHOe HpOHCXO}KaeHHe.
BbIIHe (61,0-56,0 M) HJjyT CyFJIHHKH Cepble, TOHKOOTMy,ieHllhle, FJIHHII-
CTble C TOHKOI'i ropH30HTa:IhHOn KJIHCTOBaTOII> CJIOHCTOCTbIO. B NOpo e Ha-
6JIloaaeTCA InpaBHJIbHOe LlepeaoBaHNe (3-5 MM) CyrJI'HIHNKCTbIX H (1-3 MM)
TOPCJHHIICTbIX (paCTHTeJIbHai ceLIKa) CJIOI/KOB. BCTpeLiaioTCSI OTneLIaTKH Be-
TOLIeK, JIIICTbeB H T. J. Ha rJIy6HHe 56,0-44,65 M CyrJIHHKH C TOLIegHbIMII
BKpafJICHHSIMH BHBH3HHTa nepec11aliBaIOTC51 C CepbIMB C 6ypOBaTbIM OTTeII-
KOM neCKaMH - KBapueBbrMH, McJIKO-pa3HO3epHHCTbIMH, FJIHHHCTbIMH, CJIIO-
aBCTbIMH, TOHKO- (MHKpO)-CJIOHCTbIMH C 6OJIbHIHM KOJIHLICCTBOM paCTH-
TCJIbHbIX OCTa'KOB. BbIIHe (npHMepno a0 rJIy6HHbI 30 M) CyrJIHHKII C 'I'Op-
(J)AHHCTbIMH HpOCJIOAMH nOCTeneHHO CYICHAIOTCH rJIHHBMH HeneJIhHO-Cepbl-
Mli, TOIIKIIMI1, oa1IOpOgllb1MH, ynJIOTHeHHbIMH C HpOCJIOeLIKaMH paCTIITCJIb1101i
CC'IKIi H IIeJIhIMH paKOBHHaMH, HO-BNaHMOMY, npCCHOBOJHbIX MO.1,11OCKOB `'.
110 Beeli OIIIICaHHOH CyrJIHHHCTOII TOJIH[C pa36pOCaHbl eLHHHLIHble ranhKil
TI)annoB, HOnaBIHHe CIOJja, o 1eBHJIHO, B pe3yJlbTaTe pa3MblBa Ta30BCKO-Ca1l-
1IyrOBCKHX nOpOa Ha BOCTOLIHOM CKJIOHe CpapKOBCKOFO 1710 LIIATHA.
CIO eBoeMy np0HCXO)KL CHiilo OCaaKH B HHTCPBaJie 68,85-44,65 M, OLie-
BH;jiO, ABJIAIOTCA 03epHbIMH, rjiHHbi }Ke c rJIy6HHhI 44,65-30,0 M HMeIOT, no
,'IaITIIbIM reoxuMHLIeCKOro aHaJIH3a, 3CTyapHblH (JlaryHHO-MOpCKON) reHe3Hc.
H. C. CnHpO OTMegiaeT, '-ITO HO COCTaBy HOFJIOLI CHIIOFO KOMHJIeKCa 3TIi F7III-
1161 (1)OpMBpOBaJIHCb B TOIL }Ke, He COBCCM THHIILIHO MOpCKOI' Cpeae, LITO II
CVIJIIIIIKH c rJIV6HIIbl 242,0-246,5 M, oxapaKTCp130BaHHhie BbILHe.
OnHCbIBaCMbIC HOpOabI BCKpb1Ba10TCA Ho p. TypyXaHy. KpOMC TOIO, MC)K-
ay 1)aKTOpIIeli cI)apKOBO H vCTbeM p. BbIMcKoi , McN{ay vCTbeM p. HepoBoH'
11 gHOBbIM CT3IIOM H T. U. (Cpnir. 1).
1-1a HCpBOM y'IaCTKe 01111 HpHypOLICHbI K IIOJIOFOMY iiporn6y, paCHO.70}KeH-
HOMy Me K .y (1)apKOBCKHM H HepOBCKHM HOJIHHTHHMH, a Ila BTOpOM-K ;IC-
npeccsH, paCn07ara1011 e1icn B BepXOBh5X TypyxaHa. B paffOHaX HaMeLiaio-
ILIHXCA HOJIHATHII Ka3aHIleBCKNe OCaaKH OTCyTCTByIOT HJIH pe3KO COKpa-
IIIaIOTCSI B MOLIIHOCTII. I Ty6HHa 3p03HOHHO[O Bpe3a, B KOTOpbIi BJIO}KCIIOI Ila
OTMCLIeHIibix BbIIILe yLiacCTKaX Ka3ai11 CBCKHC HOpOabi, B TOJILLIY NOpOa 1a30B-
CKO-CaHnVPOB,0KOrO rOpH3OHTa, UOCTHraeT, NO MHCHHIO 10. A. IIaBpyIHHHa,
100-110 M (cm. q)Hr. 1).
B EpMaKOBCKOM Apy, paefO?i0}KeHHOM B 130-150 KM CeBePHee (1)apKO-
BO, BCKpb1BaIOTCA, BepoATHO, y}Ke HCKJIIOLIHTC7bIIO 3CTyapiibie r~iHHoi, a iio.i-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CTHJIaIOu1He aJmIOBHaJlbxble necKH HMe}OT JIHH30BHgHOe 3aJieraHHe. HeCKOab-
KO O606IUeHHbIM pa3pe3 ipa BbIPJIflL WT CJIeAyIOI J,HM 06pa3OM:
`YS
3kz
ImQ
1. FIO9BeHHbIN C.90N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,2
2. CHJIbHO l13MeHeHHbie cepOBaTO-CHHHe FJIHHbl H cV1rJlHHK11 . . . 1,2
3. FJItiHa cepoBaTO-roJly6aH AO rpa3HO-CHHeff, necgaHaB, HJIOBaTaH,
r0pH30HTaJIbH0-CJI0HCTaH, Co CJIa6bIM CepOBOAOpOAHbIM 3a-
naxOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ao 4,0
OTAeJILIIbIMH nDOCJIOHMH TeMHO-CHHHH,
4. FJIHHa CTaJIbHO-cepaB
,
3KHpHaH, IIJIOBaH, FOpH3OH raJlbHO-BOJIHHCTO-CJIOHCTaB . . . . 3,2-3,4
5. FJIHHa CepoBaTO-CHH$IH C npOCJIOe9KaMH HIOKOJIaAHoro H cepo-
FO UBeTOa, HJIOBaTa5l, C TOHgali1Uef JIeHT04H0HOAO6HOIi cJio-
HCTOCTbIO, CHJIbHO Kap60HaTHaR . . . . . . . . . . . 3,0-3,2
aI( 3kz 6. FleCOK Cepbl6 C 6ypbIM OTTeHKOM, KBapueBbl1, c npHMeCbfO
TeMHOI(BeTHbIX MHHepaJIOB, McJIK03epHHCTb1r1, KOCO- H BOJI-
HHCTOCJIOHCTbI4i, 3ajleraeT B BHAC KpynHbIX JIHH3 Ha pa3Mbl-
TON nOBepXHOCTH noACTHJIa1OII1Hx Ta30BCKO-caHgyrOBCKHX OT 0,1-0,2
nopoA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to 2
7. CyrJIHHOK TeMHO-cepblii AO 4epHoro, rJIHHHCTLII1, OCKOJIbVaTO-
nje6HeBaTbIH, HeBCHOCJ101ICTIIH, Co 3HaTIHTeJIbHbIM KOJIH9eCT-
BOM o6JIOMO9Horo MaTepoaJla. BHAHMaB MOH(HOCTb . . . Ao 5
I10,aOIIIBa Ka3aHueBCK1lX OTJI03KeHHI1 3aJleraeT Ha OTMQTKe OKOJIO 30 M.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbII KOMnJIeKC Ka3aHueBCKOFO BpeMeHH
{OCaJ KH III Haj[HO13MeHHO1i TeppaCbl) He TOJIbKO ABJISIeTCSI (4auHaJIbHblM
HHa.ioro 03ePHbIX, 3CTyapHbIX H AaJlee K ceBepy MOPCKHX ocaAKOB, HO, Be-
I-),G5THO B HH}KHeIi CBOecI 'IaCTH HeOKOJIbiKO CTap'LIIe r1OCJIeAH'HX. 3T'a 9aCTb
aJIJIIOBHaJIbHOI3 TOJITIjH OTBeTIaeT BpeMeHH perpeccHH MOp5I H caMoro HH3KO-
r0 VPOBHH ero CTOS1HHH rue-TO Ha rpaHHue Ta30BCKO-caHT4yrOBCKOrO H Ka3aH-
HeBCKOrO BpeMeHH (4)Hr. 16).
B nOJIb3y 3TOrO CBHJZeTeJIbCTByIOT H naileo6OTaHHTIeCKHe jjaHHbie. Ec ll
aJI.nlOBHaJIbHble OTJIo}KeHHSI cJia6o nbIJIbueHOCHbI H cojjep}KaT XOJIO[HOJI1061I-
BVIO CeMeHHyIO (pJiopy (CM. BbIHIe), TO AJI51 BpeMeHH HaKOnJIeHHA 03epHbl'i
Ii 3CTyapHbIX OCaJ[KOB, BCKpbITbIX B CKBa)KHHe 9, yCTaHaBJIHBaeTCSI a3a
j)a3BHTHH TeMHOXBOIIHOII TaIII'H (4)Hr. 14).
B CnOpOBO-nbIJlbljeBbIX CneKTpaX rOCHOACTByeT nblJIbija apeBeCHblx n0-
POJi, COCTaBJIHlouiax B Cpe,IHeM 60-80 H aOCTHralomJ. B 90%. CpeAH ape-
Be'CHbIX pa'CTeHH13 flpe0,6JIaj[aeT nblJI 1L TeMHOXBOIIHbIX nOpoA: eJIH, ~KeJlpO-
BOIi COCHbl H r1HXTbI. I-IpH 3TOM co ep}KaHHe emiH cHaTlajia nOCTeneHHO yBeJI13-
tIMBaeTCSI csepxy BHH3 no pa3pe3y OT 22 j>o 68% (rJiy6HHa 57 M), a 3aTeM
CHOBa o6Hapy}KHBaeT TeHJjeHIIH10 K COKpaHueHHIO (Ha rmiy6HHe 62-63 m).
HH3MeHeHH5I B npo HTHOM COAepxcaHHH nblJlbijbl OTMe'IaIOTCSI H .JJISI rIHXTbI
OT 10-15%) B HH)KHeIl H cpeAHeli TIaCTRX Ao 33% BBepxy pa3pe3a Ha rJiy-
611He 41 M. I-IbIJibua KeJjpoBoi COCHbi HPHCYTCTByeT PaBHOMePHO BO Bcex o6-
pa3i>,aX B KOJIHqeCT'Be 40-'50%. OTMe'LIaeTCSr TaK)Ke nbIJIbL a JlpeBeCHOIi 6e-
pe3bl (2-10%), OJIbXH H 06bIKHOBeHHOII COCHbI.
TpaBAHHCTbie paCTeHHSI, KVCTapHHKH H KyCTapHHLIKH npeaCTaBJIeHbI B
CnOpOBO-nblJlbijeBblX CneKTpaX B He60J1b1UOM KOJIHTIeCTBe. O6bIT1HO 3T0 ejl,H-
HHTIHble 3epHa rIOJIbIHell H JIe6e 10BbIX. XapaKTepHO npHCyTCTBHe B o6pa3LIaX
nbIJIbUbl KaPJIHKOBOi3 6epe3bl, KOJIHTIeCTBO KOTOpOII 0006eHH0 BO3PaCTaeT
(AO 10-15%) B HH3aX pa3pe3a. CnOpbl HMe1OT He6OJIbIHoe 3HagieHHe. OHH
Iipe,aCTaBJIeHbI C(parHOBbIMH H 3eJIeHbIMH MXaMH, nanOpOTHHKaMH H B McHb-
weli CTeneHH JIeCHbIMH BHJjaMH nmlayHOB. I-IepeOTJIo>KeHHbie nbIJIbI1,a H CnO-
PbI OTMeTIa1OTCSI B He60JIbuIOM KOJIHTIeCTBe.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, cnopOBO-nblJlbueBble CneKTpbl H3 OTJIO}KeHHII 03ePHbIX
H 3CTyapHbIX Ka3aHueBCKHX OTJIO}KeHHi CBHjjeTeJIbCTBy10T 0 pa3BHTHH B 3T0
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BpeMSI B paccMaTpnsa-eMOM paHOHe eJIOBO-nHXTOBO-KeApOBOfi TeMHOXBO9HoI.1
Tafiri, McCTaMH B COblemHHH C epHHKOBo-c(parHOBbIMH 6OJIOTaMH. B pa3BHTHH
paCT13TCJIbHOCTH KaK 6y$TO HaMCCTB}OTCH (Ja3bl. KJIHMaT Ka3aHueBCKOrO Bpe-
MCHH (T04Hee nepHOAa HaKOnJIeHH51 3CTyaPHbIX FJIHH) 6bIJi 6JIH30K K COBpe-
McHHOMy,
DHC. 14. CnOpOBO-IIbIJIbueBble anarpaMMbl Ka3axueBCxnx oTJIO}KeHHii
no MaTepna.naM CKB. 9 y 4)aKTOpHH capKOBO:
A-ojtuero cocTaBa nblJlbubl H CHOP, 6-C04ep icaHHe nbIJlbubI ApeBecHbIx nopon,
B-nbinbubl Betula nana. T-nbinbll,bl TpaBAHHCTbIX paCTeHHtY. (COCTaBHJIa E. B. Ko-
pelleBa). Ycaoanble O603HaveHHA Cm. cpar. 4
MopcKHe Ka3aHueBCKHe OTJlo}KeHHH-mQ23kZ npOHHKaIOT
no EHHCeIO Ao paclOHa r. HrapKH, a Io}KHee (pauHaJIbno 3aMeIuaIOTC5I o3ep-
HbIMH (HJIH 3CTyapHblMH) FJIHHaMH Y CTaHKa EpMaKOBO.
Ho 6eperaM EHHCeB B HJIaXHHCKHX SipaX, B 6eperOBbIX o6pblBaX y CTBH-
Ka HOCOBoe, CTaporl HrapKH MOpCKHe oCaaKH npeACTaBJIeHbI neCKaMH ce-
pbIMH, )KeJITOBaTO-cepbIMH, CyIIjeCTBeHHO KBapueBbIMH, pa3HO3epHHCTbIMH
CO BceB03MWKHOI3 CJIOHCTOCTbIO, cpeAH KOTOpOrI npeO6JlaaaeT nepenyTaHHafl
BOJIHI-ICTO-ropH30HTaJIbHaB. Ha6JIloaaeTC31 L4aCTaH CMeHa HaKJIOHa H HanpaB?-
JIeHHSI naAeHHH KOCOH3OI'HyTbIX CJIOHKOB, McJIKa5I BorHyTa5i CHHyCOHAaJIbHaSI
H THna KeHHHX no peKaM Kocofi, ,LypoM-oIo, y r. ,Uy-
JZHHKH H T. a. npOCJie>KHBaeTCH 10-15-McTpOBasl TOJInLa nepeCJIaIIBaIOLUHXCSI
neCKOB TOHKO-McJIKO3epHHCTbIX, MHKpIOCJIOHCTbIX H XOPOHIO OTMy1IeHHbIX HJIO-
BaTbIX CyFJIHHKOB. MOLUHOCTb 9THX BOCbMa BbIJlep>KaHHbIX rOPH3OHTaJIbHbIX
npoc ioeB aOCTHraeT 0,3-1,2 M. IlepexoJbI Me>KJIy HHMH nOCTeneHHbie, 6e3
cJleuoB pa3MblBa. B ropOuax couep>KHTCSI 6opea.nbHasl ()1ayHa C npH3HaxaMH
neKOTOporO onpeCHeHHH MOpCKoro 6acceiiHa - Cyrtodaria enisseae Sacks,
Mya sp., truncata Linne, Saxicava arctica Linne H KHM Ka3aHUeBCKOl'O MO-
psi, Hap5igy c O6n FIM noTenJIeHHeM KJIHMaTa, 6bIJI 3Ha'-IHTeJIbHO yCHJIeH 3a
CHeT ero McJIKOBOJIHOCTH. 06 3TOM CBHJIeTeJIbCTByeT H 3HaqHTeJIbHoe co-
Jl,ep>KaHne B MOPCKHX ocauKax 06JIOMKOB JlpeBecHHbI.
OTMeTKH 3aJleraHH3I 'fOUOIHBbI MOpCKHX H 3CTya'pHbIX Ka3aHue'BC'KHX OT-
.Tio>KeHIIII IICnbITbIBaIOT 3aMeTHb1e KOJIe6aHHH. Y EpMaKOBO nOuolnsa Ka3aH-
UeBCKHX OCaJLKOB (JHKCHPYeTCfT Ha OTMeTKe now 30 M, B HrapKe onylueHa
JLO MHHyC 31-32 M (CaKC, 1951), y HJIaXHHO OHATb nOJZHHMaeTCA JaO nJIUOC
40-45 M H T. Jl.
Ha EHHCee H no ero n'pa'BbiM iTIpHTOKaM: peKaM KOCON H AypOMO10 Ka-
3aHU2BCKHe MOPCKHe neCKH Jio>KaTCH Ha HOJJCTHJIaIOWHe FJIHHHCTbie caHLIv-
rOBCKO-Ta3OBCKHe OCaJIKH CO cJleJlaMH pa3MbIBa. 1-10 KOHTaKTY 3THX JIHTOJIO-
rHLIeCKH pe3KO pa3JIHLIHbIX nOpOJ1 '-IaCTO BCTpe'IaIOTC51 KapMaHbl rpaBHl-IHo-ra-
7eiIHHKOBorO MaTepHaJla.
B 6acceflHe p. Ilypa CaHrOMnaHCKHe OTJIO>KeHHH, CHHXPOHHble Ka3aHUeB-
CKHM, 3aTieraK)T c 30-McTpOBbIM pa3MbIBOM Ha fOJCTHJIaIOIT[HX caJIeMaJIb-
CKHX (CaHqyrOBCKHX) nopOuax. B OCHOBaHHH Ka3aHueBCKHX MOpCKHX ocajl-
KOB, no Ha6JllojleHHHM C. H. AJIbTepa, (D. A. AJIeBJIHHa m up. (B 1955 r.), OT-
McgaIOTC9 npOCJIOH TOp(p5IHHKOB, neCKH c raJIbKOI'I H Jlaxce KOHrJIOMepaTbl.
Pa3MbIB Ha I'paHHUe CaJIeMaJIbCKOI3 H caHroMnaHCKHX CBHT YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCA
A. B. FoJiy6esol=i (1957) B HH30Bb5IX O6H.
TBKHM o6pa3OM, perpeccu i MOpsI H pa3MbIB KpOBJIH CaHLIyFOBCKIIX (Ca-
JIeMaJIbCKHX) nOpOU B npetZKa3aHueBCKoe BpeMSI 14Me1OT KaK 6yJZTO perllo-
HaJIbHbIII xapaKTep. Hpu 3TOM B03M0>KHO, i-ITO K CeBepy OT YKa3aHHbIX pafio-
IIOB, B LIaCTHOCTH B YCTbe EHHCeH, perpeCCHBHble, HBJIeHHH npOHBHJIHCb
CJia6ee H FJIaBHbIM o6pa3OM B CMeHe JIHTOJIoro-(JauuOHaJIbHOrO COCTaBa
COOTBeTCTBYIOIUHX nOpOU.
TaK, no MHeHHIO B. C. BOJIKOBOI3, BbICKa3aHHOMY B 1958 r., B 6accefHax
peK MannoiI H BOJIbIHOIi XeTbI 'Ka3aHueBCKHe OTJIO>KeHHSI CBH3aHbI C CaHLIy-
rOBCKHMH 1OCTeneHHbIM nepexoJ1OM. JTOT BbIBOJ1 CJle.naH e1o Ha TOM OCHOBa-
HHH, UITO Me)fKaIUHMH 6opeaJlbHylo (pay-
Hy, ef0 BbIJ1eJISIIOTC3I XeTCKHe CJIOH 3 C apKTo6opeaJIbHbIM
3 XeTCKHe CJIOH BBJIRIOTCH alajioroM OnHCaHHbIX Bbllle necgaHblX OTJI03KeHIlii c q)ayHON
B BepXOBbflX TypyxaHa H no EHHCeIO, OTHOCIIMbIX HaMH K 06pa3OBaHH5IM perpeCCHBHON ijJa3bl
caHllyrOBCKoro 6acceHHa H 3aMeln,a1OHIHXC5i K IOry aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbIMH oca,aKaMH LleTBepTOM
IiaunoHMeHHON Teppacbl EHHCeH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
KOMI1JIeKCOM (payHbI. 1- 1pe,iCTaBJIeHNA B. C. BOJIKOBOIi HaXOaATCA B ABHOM
npOTHBOpe4IHH C npHBeJIeHHbIMH BbI1IIe aaHHbIMH no p. TypyxaHy, CBHJ(eTeJIb-
CTByIOIIIHMH 0 pe3KOM pa3MbIBe He TOJIbKO XeTCKHX CJIOeB, HO H KpOBJIH CaH-
4yrOBCKOrO (Ta30BCKO-caHgyrOBCKOrO) FOpH30HTa. HO Ha6JIIOJjeHH59M
10. A. J1aBpywwIHHa H J(aHHbIM 6ypeHH51, Ka3aHueBCKHe ocaj(KH npHCJIOHeHbi
K Ke
1OJLOHJBbI Kbe EHHCeA y cTaH-
KOB SIKyTbI, AHryTHxa-HrapKa H aaaee K ceBepy, 3ax3aTbIBiaH Bce EHHCefl-
TypyxaH-Ta30BCKoe Me}KJlypetlbe.
f JIAuHaJIbHble oTJIO}KeHHA (pO;pMH,pyIOT 31,Ileci CBe}K'Hfi xOJIMHicrO-rpu,IIO-
BbIII peJIbe(p, BnJIOTHyio npHMbIKaIOI.UHI'1 K CeBepO-3anaJIHOMy OKOH4IaHII1O
.TIo6OBOFO MaTepHKa. TaKHM o6pa3oM, nOJiOCa 3TOrO peJibec a KaK 6bI 3a-
MbIKaeT c ceBepa EHHCeHCKyIO J1enpeccHio.
fIo MHeHHI0 C. B. fffaUKOrO, HaH60Jiee BbICOKHe a6COJIIOTHbie OTMeTKH
BOCTOLIHOIT LiaCTH EHHcef-Ta30BCKOrO Me}Kj[ypeT-IbA 06513aHbI CBOHM npoHC-
XO}KJIeHHeM KOHeLIHbIM MOpeHaM 3bIP51HCKOFO OJieJ(eHeHHA.
,aOHHOMOpeHHble OTJIO}KeHHA He HMe}OT CnJIOHIHOrO PacfPOCTPaHeHHA
B npeJ(e.iax BOCTO4HOI3 OKpaHHbl 3ana,wo-CH6HpcxoH HH3MeHHOCTH. Kali
npaBHJIO, BaJIyHHCTble cyneCH 3aJleraIOT B no ie pa3BHTHA 3bIpAHCKHX OcaJ[KOB
OTJI JIbHbIMH IIATHiaMH B BHJ(e OrpOMHbIX JIHH3. B ropH3.OHTaJIbHOM HanpaB-
JIeHHH OHH 3aMeIlIa}OTCA CJIOHCTbIMH neCTlaHbIMH rJIHHaMH H CyrJIHH,KaMH
(HanpHMep BJ(OJIb JleBoro 6epera EHHCeA Me}KJIy CTaHKaMH AHryTHXa H Ko-
HOHIeJIbe), a Ta'K}Ke rpy6bIMH KOCOCJIOHCTbIMH neCKaMH H rpaBHIIHHKaMH
(r'OpOUIHXHHCKHFi Ap). Bce 3TO CBHj(eTeJlbCTByeT O TOM, 9TO rJIAuHaJIbHbIcI
3bIpHHCKHN KOMHJIeKC Ha HCCJIeJ(OBaHHOIi TeppHTOpHH 3anaJ(HO-CH6HpCKOfI
HH3MeHHOCTH (JOPMHPOBaJICA B YCJIOBH51X CHJIbHOFO 06BOJIHeHH5I.
B o6JIaCTH HpHeHHCeHCKOIT npe iropHON paBHHHbI H no OKPaHHe CpeaHe-
CH614pCKoro IIJIOCKOFOpb5 (B 6accelTHe HH)KHero TezIeHHA p. HH}KHeI1 TyHryc-
KH) 3bIp$HCK&A OCHOBHaA MopeHa HMeeT HeCpaBHeHHO 60JIbnlee paCnpOCTpa-
HeHHe. OHa BMeCTe C HepaCLIJIeHeHHbIMH (pJI1oBHorJI5iuHaJIbHo-rJIAIIHaJIbHbIMIl
o6pa3oBaHHAMH CJiaraeT XOJIMbI H rpAAbl B 6acceHHax peK MHpoeAHxH, Bo-
pOHOBKH, Boa1hmorl ii MaJIOH LIIOPHXH H T. J(., CHJIOIIIHbIM LIeXJIOM nepeKpbl-
BaA Me}KJlypetlbH H CHyCKaACb B J(OJIHHbr peK. TaK, B aOJIHHe p. HH>KHeI1 TyH-
ryCKH OonHICblBaeMble 3bIP6HHCKHe OTJIO}Ke'HHA nepeKpblBaiOT 60-70 M, a, n0
Ha6Jno.neHFIHM H. M. (Depj(MaHia (B 1955 r.),'3 100-120-MCTpoBbie Teppacbi
3TOI3 peKII. CTpaTHrpa(pHIIeCKHe B3aHM?0oTHOnIeHH5i 3bIpHHOBCKHX nOpoji. C He-
pac4JIeHeHHOII TOJinjeH open MaKCHMaJIbHOrO OJIeaeHeHHA H TeppacaMH
L. HH1KIIeli TyHrVCKH nOKa3aHbI Ha (jHr. 3.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
3b1p51HcKaH Mopexa npeucTaBJleHa BaJIyHHo-raJletlHHKaMH B cynecuaHOM
3anOJIHHTejle rpH3HO-6yporO useTa (CHJIbHO BaJIyHHCTaS cynecb). 3TO Ha-
CTOHLuaH cyneCb, 6e3 BCHKHX HpH3HaKOB COpTHpOBKH H CJIOH-
CTOCTH HOpOabI, CHJIbHO o6oraLueHHa} BaJIyHaMH, pbIXJIaH H HO'ITH He couep-
}KaLua} rpaBHH. OHa pe3KO OTJIHtIaeTCH OT ynJIOTHeHHbIX OCKOJIbtIaTO-
a e6HeBaTbIX, MaJIOBaJIyHHCTbIX, HO C 6OJIbLHHM KOJIHtLeCTBOM rpaBHH, npH-
3HaKaMH COpTHpOBKH MOH MaKCHMaJlbHOrO OJieJ[eHeHHH ((nHr. 15).
(GHr. 15. 3bipBHCKaB MopeHa B o6Ha)KeHHH npaaoro 6epera p. MHpoeiMXIl
0,5 KM HH)Ke BnaaeHHH pymibi fIepBoro.
ECTeCTBeHIHO ~n03TOMy, 'ITO rpaHyJIOMe-rpHt1e0KHId COCTa'B 3brpHHICKOII MO-
peHbl CVn1eCTBeHHO HHOI3, no CpaBHeHHIO C caMapOBCKHM H Ta30BCKHM FJIH-
unaJlbHbIMH o6pa3OBaHHHMH (CM. Ta6JI. 5, 11, 23). BMeCTe C TeM neTporpa-
(jHt1eCKHI1 COCTHB 06JIOMO'IHO[O MaTepna.na 3bIpHHCKOH MOpeHbI oTJIHwTae'r05i
Oj[Hoo6pa3HeM H nOBbIHIeHHbIM COJ[ep)KaHHeM BaJIyHOB Kap60HaTHbIX nopo!i
(Ta6JI. 24). CpeaH raJleK H BaJIyHOB nectiaHIIKOB, OCO6eHHO HH)Ke r. 1/JrapKH,
BCTpetlaloTCH 6ypOBaTO-cepble TOHK03epHHCTble nopOAbI C OTnetlaTKaMH Me30-
30IICK013 (BepXHeMeJIOBOII TypOH-CaHTOH' 4JayHbl Alatlca sp. indet., Astarte
sp., indet., Cyprina sp., Leda niteus Schm., Pteria aff. tenuicostata Roem,
juw., Cinullia humboldti Muller (onpeueJleHHH H. M. LIIyJIbrHHOH).
Kap6OHaTHble nOpOjlbI cpejLH 06JIOMOtiHOFO MaTepHaJia npeJ cTaBJIeHbI
p03OBaTO-cepbIMH H CepbIMH CHHHHCKHMH aOJIOMHTaMH, pe)Ke H3BeCTHHKHMH,
110-BHp,HMOMY, HH)KenaJleo3oHCKOrO Bo3pacTa.
MnHepaJlorHtleCKHI3 COCTaB 3bIp5IHCKnX gOHHOMopeHHb]X OTJIO}KeHHII Xa-
paKTepH3yeTC51 BbICOKHM coaep)KaHHeM HHpOKceHOB npl'l OJJHOBpeMeHHOM
cHH}KeHHH npHCyTCTBHH KBapua H B OCO6eHHOCTH nOJIeBbIX LunaTOB. HOKa3a-
TeaeH 60J1b1II01I nponeHT KaJIbuHTa H J OJIOMHTa, a TaK)Ke 06JIOMKOB nOpOJ[.
1-Ioc,1e;lHee otieBHj(HO CB513aHO C o6uzeH rpy60CTbIO H HeCOpTHpOBaHHOCTb1o
ocanKOB (Ta6J1. 33).
IIIHepa.-iOro-neTporpa(pHt1eCKHf4 COCTaB 3bIpHHCKnX rJIHUHaJIbHbIX OTJIO-
}KeHn11 oKpanHbI nJIOCKOrOpbH MaJIO tteM OTJIHtiaeTCH OT TaKOBbIX, OnnCaIIHbIX
JIJ1H Hn3MeHHOCTH no EHHCeK), HO rpaHyJIOMeTpHtleCKHII COCTaB HeCKOJIbKO H3-
MdI1HCTC9 B CTOpOHy 6oJlburero o6oralueHHH OCaj[KOB BaJ1yHHO-ra.ZeiHHKO-
BbIM H npeHMyLL(eCTBeHHO TpannOBbIM MaTepuaJioM (4 mr. 15). 3b1p 1HCKHe
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
rpaxynoMerpHVecKHAi Cocras 3MP9HCKOAI MopeHbI
Bi,txoa KaaccoB, %
Mecroeaxo>tcnexxe
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18
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13,88
5,50
5,60
5,55
8,3
I 3,3
2,32
I 1,67
25,90
2 ,75
HHHcHAA TyHrycKa-rojibin
AP . . . . . . . . .
18
14,6
20,0
20,0
1,14
12,0
12,0
2,0
2,6
1,0
10,66
3,0
HHxcHAA Tyxrycica, CKpbi-
TH A sip . . . . . . .
18
25,41
17,36
22,13
5,16
1,51
3,60
4,0
2,5
2,5
13,5
2,30
lesbitl 6eper EHHCeA, CTa-
HoK AHryrxxa . . .
30
85,08
8,33
1,66
0,7
0,66
0,6
0,4
0,17
Cimabi
10,0
2,50
lesbiAi 6eper EHHCeA, 8-9
KM HH)Ke CT8HKa AHry-
THxH . . . . . . . .
30
56,31
17,37
7,16
2,13
3,15 I
1,52
0,9 I
1,16
Caeabi
12,0
2,30
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
J
J
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
neTporpaIl,H4eCKHI% COCTaB 06JIOMOMHOr0 MaTepHaJla 3WQBHCKON MOpeHbI
pa3AeJIbHO no KaNSAOMy KJIaccy KpynHOCTH
HJUKHHA TyHryCKa-foJIwll Hp . . . . . . .
PeKa MHpoeAHxa, 0,3 KM HHxce py ibs llep-
Boro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
J1eBbIA 6eper EHHceH, CTaHKK AHryTHxa . .
J1eBbIfi 6eper EHHceH, 8-9 KM HHxce cTaHKa
AHryTHxH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HH)KHBSI TyHrycxa-FonbIH Hp . . . . . . .
PeKa MHpoeAHxa, 0,3 KM HHxce py9bH llep-
Boro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
JIeaWI'I 6eper EHHceH, CTaHKK AHryTHxa . .
JIeBW# 6eper EHHceH, 8-9 KM HHxce CTaHKa
AHryTHxH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35,0
100
u
d
Sx
24,99
11,63
5,54
CneAbl
35,70
71,42
35,70
14,28
x
Sx
7,14
21,42
10,28
=a
CneAbl
3,84
67,97
68,75
22,69
13,34
32,31
17,18
27,74
53,09
CneAbl
Cne,abl
30,51
11,52
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
()JIIOBHO-rJISTuHaJlbHble neCKH H raJleOIHHKH OTMeLIaIOTCR B JiOJIHHe p. HH)KHeli
TyHryCKH Ila TeppacOBHJ(HbIX nJIOHiaJiKax C OTMeTKaMH 140-160 M, He-
6oJIbIHHMH nRTHaMH Ha OTMeTKaX 100-120 M (yCTbH p. CeBepHOII, no pyimio
FpeMHlleMy H I43BeCTKOB,OMy H T. J[).
OHH HMeIOT HeKOTOpOe paCnpoCTpaHeHHe B npejieJiax aOJIHHbI p. CyXOIi
Z yHryCKH H ee npaBbIX npHTOKOB, LITO, BO3MO)KHO, yKa3blBaeT Ha CyLueCTBOBa-
HHe B 910 BpeMR B Popax Cyxo-HH}KHe-TyHryCCKOrO Me}KjypetlbH He60JlbIHHX
JIeaHHLIKOB.
JIHTOJIOro-CpauHaJIbHaH neCTpOTa H IHHpOKoe pa3BHTHe, McCTaMH npeo6-
JIaJi,aHHe oCaAKOB 9IBHO BOTlHOI'O reHe3HCa BHyTPH 3bIp5IHCKOrO rOpH30HTa B
ewe 60JIbuieII CTeneHH xapaKTepHO J[JIR HH30BbeB EHHCeR, 6acceffHa peK (Do-
KHHOII, jyaHHKH, Kocon, JypOMOR H T. R.
1- 1peHMylueCTBeHHbIM pa3BHTHeM B 3TOM paIl0He UOJIb3yIOTC51 neCKH, ra-
JIeLIHHKH, H3peAKa BaJIyHHHKH, cpe)iH KOTOpbIX MECTaMH BCTpe4IaIOTC51: JIHH3b1
cyneceft c raJIbKOH. LIIHPOKO pa3BHTa KOCa5I CJIOHCTOCTb H UOCTeneHHble ne-
PeX0Ab1 OT rpy6bIX H c ia6o COPTHPOBBHHbIX OCaAKOB K X0201110 OTMyTleHHbIM
TOHKO3epHHCTbIM necKaM 6e3 o6JloMOoHoro MaTepHaJia, LIacTO cojiepxcaluHM
o6JIOMKH JipeBecHHbl, a TaK}Ke 6HTyio H pee uemlyio paKyLHy MOPCKHX MOJI-
JIIOCKOB. BHH3 Ho CTpaTHrpa(pH4eCKOMy pa3pe3y, B p5iae O6Ha}KeHHII no
p. Kocon n y r. jyaHHKII, Ha6JIIoL aeTCx COBepLHeHHO noCTeneHHbIII nepexoji
B Ka3aHueBCKHe CJIOHCTble neCKH H cynecH.
BMeCTe C TeM B HH30BbHX EHHCe5I HMeeT Pa3BHTHe XOJIMHCTO-rp5IJIoBbIH
peJlbe(p. 1-loc.Iej[HHII BbITSIHyT o6bItIHO B BHJie no.ioc H pa3Je.IeH o6ulHpHbIMH
HJIOCKHMH H CHJIbHO 3a6oJIOLIeHHbIMH npOCTpaHCTBaMH. TaK, HanpHMep,
p. KocaR Ha 3HatIHTeJIbHOM npOT5DKeHHH npOTeKaeT BaOJIb nOJIOCbI XOJIMH-
cTO-rpsAOBOro peJlbe(pa C OTMeTKaMH 120-150 M, BbITRHyTOFO c ceBepo-
BOCTOKa Ha IOI'O-3anaa. OTJieJIbHble XOJIMbI H rpHJibl 3TOII nOJIOCbI BbICOTOFI
35-40 M CJIO}KeHbi neCKaMB, raJIeLIHHKaMH 3bIpHHCKOFO B03paCTa MOIuHO-
CTbIO ao 30-40 M.
Cpe,aH neCKOB B o5Ha}KeHHH npaBOro 6epera p. Kocoli, B 7 KM BbILHe
yCTbH pyLIb51 qyp-OMO,9 yiaJIO,Cb co6p.aTb OCTaTKH (payHbl: Astarte(?)
sp. indet., Mya sp. indet., Saxicava arctica (Linne). lb MHeHHIO C. Jl. Tpo-
HuKOrO, 3Ta (payHa Mo}KeT xapaKTepH30BaTb HeonpeJieJIeHHble MOPCKHe ycJlo-
BHR, B03MO)KHO npH6peacbe.
OnHcaHHble 3bIpRHCKHe OCaAKH 3ajieralOT Ha OTMeTKax, fPHMepHO 70-
80 M-l0O-l2O M. HOJiOLHBy HX YCTaHOBHTb Lipe3BbltlaHHO TPyTHO, TaK KaK
BHH3 no CTpaTHrpa(pHtieCKOMy pa3pe3y OHH 3aMeliialOTCH Ka3aHUeBCKHMH no-
pOAaMH. l-loCJIeJ[HH-e 'npeRCTaBJIeHbI na'IKOII nepeMexcaIomHXcll ropH30HTaJIb-
HO-CJIOHCTbIX McJIKO3epHHCTbIX neCKOB H cepOBaTO-6ypblx HJIOBaTbIX cyneceH
H CyrJIIIHKOB. MOnjHOCTb HX, BepORTHO, He npeBblJTaeT 10-15 M, a OTMeTKII
3ajieraHHR onpe ieJiRIOTC,9 B 45-55, He BbIHIe 60 M. HeCKH coaep}KaT (pay-
Hy Mya sp. indet., Saxicava arctica (Linne) H Cyrtodaria jenisseae Sacks
(onpeJleJIeHHH C. A. TpoHuxoro). BMeCTe C TeM Ka3aHueBCKHe OTJIO}KeHH51
y}Ke He ytliacTByIOT B CJIO}KeHHH onHCblBaeMoT4 rpRJibl. OHH BCKPbIBaIOTCSI
B 6eperoBblX pax p. Kococi. 3JjeCb yaaeTCR Ha6JIIOJ(aTb Ha OTMeTKaX 40-
45 M H HepOBHyIO CO cJIeaaMH pa3MblBa KPOBJIIO caHtlyFOBCKHX (no B. H. CaK-
cV) OCaJ[KOB, BHJiHMaFI MOHIHOCTb KOTOpbIX ROCTHraeT HeCKOJIbKHX MCTpOB.
Ha.IIHgne MopCKOii (payHbl (Saxicava arctica L., Macoma baltica, Astarte
borealis H ap.) B 3bIpHHCKHX OTJIO}KeHHHX HeOaHOKpaTHO OTMetiaJIOCb
B. H. CaKCOM (1947, 1948, 1951, H T. A.). (DauHaJlbxoe 3areluenne rJIR-
ullaJlbHblX OCaaKOB MOPCKHMH KaK B npOCTpaHCTBe, TaK H BO BPeMeHH 3TOT
HCCJIe)[OBaTeJIb 06-b5ICH5TJI CynjeCTBOBaHHeM B Ta1MblpCKOH JienpecCHH H HH-
30Bb5IX EHHcei MOPCKOPO 6acceYIHa, B KOTOp0I3 CHOJI3aJIH 3bIpRHCKHe JIeaiiii-
KH. Ho ero MHeHHIO, yPOBeHb 3TOF0 MOPR MaKCHMaJIbHO fOJHHMaJICR Jlo
150-180-McTpoBbIX OTMeTOK, a K IOry Mope piaCnpoCTIpaHRJIOCb npI-IMepHo
Jo HrapKH (Caicc, 1951,1).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B noc,neaHee BpeMSi (1950-1955 rr.) B pe3y.IbTaTe reoJIor11LIeCKHX cbe-
MOK B MactUTa6e I : 1 000000 H JeUJH(~)pHppOBIaH'HSI aap'O(!),OTOCHHMIKOB !.n51 ce-
Bepo-BOCTOKa 3anaJHo-CH6HpCKOH HH3MeHHOCTH 6bIJI0 yCTaHOBJIeHO LHHpo-
Koe nJIOHjaaHOe pa3BHTHe rpHJOBO-XOJIMHCTOFO pejlbe(pa. DTO H HOCJIy}KHJ10
OCHOBaHHeM C. A. CTpeJIKOBy (1956), H. H. KyJIHKOBy, B. C. JIOMa'-reHKOBV,
C. A. TpOHUKOMY H JpyrnM CLIHTaTb 3bIp5IHCKHe ocaJLKH cyry6o KOHTHHeH-
TaJIbHbIMH OTJIo>KeHH51MH KaMOB, 030B H (JIIOBHOrJHAUHajIbHbIX paBHHH, a TaK-
)Ke n03JHe.TieaHHKOBbIX rIOTOKOB. Ham Ka}KeTCn, 'ITO C 3THM BbIBOJOM He co-
BCeM XopoH10 corJlacyeTCH JIHTOJIorH'-IeCKHH O6JIHK 3bIp5IHCKHX OTJIO}KeHHH B
HH3OBb.x EHHCe51, oxapaKTepH30BaHHbIH BbIH1e. B nepsyio OLIepeJjb 3TO Ka-
caeTCH OTCyTCTBHSI (HJIH, no KpalHeu Mepe, COBepl]eHHO He3HaLIHTeJIbHOro
pa3BHTn5I) 6ecCHOpHbIX H THHHLIHbIX ROHHO-MOpeHHbIX ocaJKOB. jaiiee
OCTaIOTCH 6e3 06-bHCHeHH51 HMeloIUHecH ()aKTbI noCTeneHHOrO nepexoia mop
CKHX Ka3aHueBCKHX OTJIO)KeHHH B 3bIp5IHCKHe H OTCYTCTBHe B HH30BbSIX EHH-
ce5i LIeTKOH rpaHHUbI Me}KJY HHMH. UBHraio UHI4CH no cyn1e JIeJHHK, KaK H3-
BeCTHO, OCTaBJISIeT BeCbMa 3aMeTHble CJIeabl CBoero npe6blBaHH 1 KHK B o6pa-
60TKe nopoJL, no KOTOpbIM OH nOJI3eT, TaK H B OTJ!o)KeHHH JOHHOH MopeHbr.
B 3TOfi CBH3H He6e3blHTepecHO BCHOMHHTb XapaKTep KOHTaKTOB CaMapOB-
CKO11 MOpeHbI H rJIHUHaJIbHO MOpCKHX OTJIO}KeHHH Ta30BCKO-CaHgyrOBCKOFO
B03paCTa c nOJCTHJIaIOnjHMH neCLIaHbIMH TOJIu1aMH, OTMeLIeHHbIH Bb11IIe (CM.
cTp. 45, 46, 55).
Bonpoc o6 in situ (payHbl B 3bIp5IHCKHX OCaJKax, nO-BHJHMOMy, HeJIb3S
CTaBHTb B np5IMyIO 3aBHCHMOCTb OT reOMOp(mOJIOr11'eCKHX Ha6JIloJLeHHH. H3-
BeCTHO, 'ITO B. H. CaKC (1951 Hap.) , He pacno,naraBIHIH nocJleJHHMH, He CO-
MHeBaJICSI B TOM, LITO HakaeHHaH HM (~ayHa 3aJleraJla in situ. j1peO6JIaII,aHlie
06,TIOMKOB (payHbl B 3bIpAHCKHX OTJIO}KeHHHX TBK}Ke BFIOJIHe HOH5ITH0 C TOLIKH
3peHH9 MapHHO-rJISIUHaJIbHbIX yCJIOBHH FIX HaKOHJIeHHSI C BnoJIHe BepOHTHbIM
HeOJLHOKpaTHbIM nepeOTJIO}KeHHeM. Ua}Ke caH'yFOBCKHe OCaJKH, KOTOpble
B. H. CaKC CLIHTaeT TIIHHLIHO MOpCKnMH, coi ep KaT, no ero CJIOBaM, > I~ayny.
HaKOHeu, reonorHLieCKOe cTpoenne n3-3a CJIa6OH o6Ha}KeHHOcTH rp5la H
XOJIMOB B HH30Bb5ix EHHCeH HByLleHO CJra60. UUpH 3TOM JIIO6OHbITHO OTMeTHTb,
'ITO B p5Je CJIyLIaeB rpgUbI npFypOLIeHbI KaK 6yiLTO K McCTaM, rJe OKa3bI-
BaeTCH HeCKOJIbKO npInOIHHTOII KpOBJIH Me303ORCKHX H a03bIp5IHCKHX OTimO-
>KeHHH.
Bce 3T0 BMeCTe B32TOe 3aCTaBJI5IeT BHHMaTeJIbHO OTHeCTHCb K HeOJHO-
KpaTHbIM BbICKa3bIBaHHaM B. H. CaKca (1948, 1951 H ap.) o cynLecTBOBaHHH
Ha ceBepO-BOCTOKe 3anaJHO-CH6HPCKOH HH3MeHHOCTH rjIHunaJIbHO-MOpCKHx
3blpFHCKHX OTJIO}KeHnl.
3 b1 p H H C K H H n e p H r JI 51 U H a JI b H bI H K O M n JI e K C OTJIO}KeHHII
paCnpOCTpaHeH TOJIbKO B npejjeJIax EHHCeI3CKOH JenpeccHH, c.narai rJIOCKYK),
CHJIbHO 3a60JIOLIeHHyIO C OrpOMHbIM KOJIHLIeCTBOM o3ep paBHHHy, npOTftrH-
BaIOIUyIOCH OT HH30BbeB TVpyxaHa JO BepXOBbeB p. ApTIOrHHOH 11 HI-I30BbeB
E.iorya. B CaMOH UOJIHHe EHHCeH CHHXpOHHble OCaJKH HOLITH He coxpaHll-
,?IIICb. OHH OTMegaIOTCA JIFHIb HeHOCpeJCTBeHHO y rpaHHUbI 3b1p51HCKOFO .nea-
H11Ka, B LIaCTHOCTH B npaBo6epe KHbIX pax Me}KJy CTaHKaMH CeJIHBaHHXOI4
11 STKyTaMH.
OnHCblBaeMblc OCai KH C4)OpMHpoBaJIHCb HOJ BJIH51HHeM JBYX (paKTOpOB:
(j)JIIOBHorJISIuHaJIbHbIX IOTOKOB, HIeJLHIHX OT Kpa51 JIeaHHKa H nOJTOKa c fora
eHHCeFICKHX BOJ? B pa3Hble (pa3bl pa3BHTHH oireaeHeHHH pOJIb HX, OLIeBHaHO,
6blJla HeoaHHaKOBa.
BO BpeM' aKTHBHOrO npOJBH}KeHFIA JIeJIHHKa no EHHceH-TypyxaH-Ta3OB-
CKOMy Me}KXype'blO, neperOpOJLHBmero co60H EHHCe1CKyIO genpeccHio, B JO-
J1-HHe EHHCeSI 6bIJIH Cq)OIpM'HpOBaHbI B OCHOBHOM 03e'pH0-aJIJIIOBIiaJIbHble ocaJ-
KH nOJnpy)KeHHOrO BOJOeMa. Y Kpax JIeJHHKa OHH LIaCTHLIHO BbIHOJIHSIIOT
npeJ3bIp5IHCKHH eHHCeHCKHH Bpe3, 3aiiera5l B HHTepBaJle OTMeTOK OT 10-15
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
AO 30 M, MaKCHMyM Ji,o 35 Ha OTJIWKeHHHX Ta30BCKO-caHTIyFOBCKOI-O FOpH-
30HTa. 1O}KHee 03-epHo-aJIJIIOBHaJIbHble OTJIO}KeHHA HMe1OT y3KO-JIOKaJIbHOe
pa'3BHTHe, 'HOCTeneHHO COKpialua}OTCA B MOHjHOCTH (JIo 3-5 M no p. HHxcHeii
BaHxe) H BbIKJIHHHBaIOTCH rge-TO Ha LHHpOTe p. MaHryTHXH. 3T0 6bIJI
cpaBHHTeJIbHO HeIHHpoKHfi H HerJIy6oKHIi BOJIGeM, BbITHHyTbIII BJ1OJIb eHHceH-
CKOR ROJIHHbI H He BbIXOJjHBIIIHII H3 ee npeJjeJioB.
HaH6oJiee THHH'IHbIM pa3pe3OM YHOMAHyTbIX OTJIo>KeHI1II ABJIAeTCA 06Ha-
]KeHHe Ha IIpaBOM 6epery EHHCeH npOTHB npOTOKH BoJIbIUOA [Hap. 3,aecb.
noa 10-12-MeTpoBOK TOJILuef neCKOB C KapMaHaMH raJIegHHKOB B OCHOBa-
HHH, OTHOCALuHXCH KO BpeMeHH OTCTynaHHA 3bIp5IHcxoro JIeAHHKa, BCKpbI-
BaIOTCA:
I. FJIHHbl, cepOBaTO-CHHHe, ?KHpHble, nOCTeneHHO OneC4aHHBaioLuHecm BHH3
no CJIOK) nnorri ie, rOpH30HTaJIbHO-CJIOHCTbMe, JIeHT09HonoAo6Hble. I-Iee-
'IaHble npocJl0IfKH nocTeneHHO y3eJIHIIHBa oTCH B MOH(HOCTH OT 3-5 Ao
10-15 CM H 6onee, BHH3 no pa3pe3y FJIHHbI nOCTeneHHO nepexo.r HT B
necKH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12
2. I-IeCKH 3KeJITble KBapueBble, pa3H0-McJIKo3epHHCTble, KOCO- H McCTaMH
AHarOHaJIbHO-CJIOHCTble, c npoc.noe9KaMII HaMbIBHOro TOp(pa MOIUHOCTbIO BHnHmasl
AO 3-5 CM. B BepXHef 9aCTH CJIOH C JIHH3aMH cepOBaTO-CHHHX FJIHH . 8--9
1-1epHrJIAuHaJIbHble 03epHO-aJIJIIOBHaJIbHble OT.no}KeHHH noarippKeHHOrO
BoaoeMa npHBeJjeHHUro pa3pe3a B MHHepaJIorH'IeCKOM OTHOLneHHH BeCbMa 3a-
McTHO OTJIHTIalOTCA OT CHHXpOHHbIX ()JIIOBHO'rJIHuHaJIbHO-rJIHUHajibHbix o6pa-
30BaHHI3. OHH Cofep}KaT OTHOCHTeJIbHO McHbW HHpoKceHOB (4-7 npOTHB
30-40%) , 6oJiee 6OraTbIFi KOMnJIeKC MHHepaJIOB, ;a rJIHHbI - 6OJIbWOIt npo-
ueHT paCTHTeJIbHbIX OCTaTKOB (CM. Ta6Ji. 44).
Cor.nacno HccneaOBaHHll E. B. KopeHesoll, cpe,jH o6Luero cocTaaa cnopo-
BO-nblJlbueBbIX cneKTpoB BO BCCX o6pa34ax H3 rJIHH H neCKOB BOJlbineulapoB
CKoro pa3pe3a ((pHr. 16) gOMHHHpyeT nbIJIbua KYCTapHHKOB, KYCTaPHHTIKOB
H TpaBAHHCTbIX paCTeHHI3, COCTaBJI5noIllaH OT 49 go 92 %%0. IIbIJIbua JlpeBeCHUX
nopUJ[ HMeeT nOJj'IHHeHHoe 3HaTIeHHe H npeJicTaBJIeHa rJIaBHbIM o6pa3OM ape-
BeCHbIMH BHJ1,aMH 6epe3 H OJIbXH. 11bIJIbua XBOI3HbIX npHCyTCTByeT B KOJIHge-
CTBe He 6oJiee 2-8%; 3TO yKa3bIBaeT Ha TO, 'ITO rpaIIHua paCnpOCTpaHeHHA
yKa3aHHbIX nopojj 6bIJIa L aaeKO OT McCTa HaKOH.IeHHA OCa IKOB. 1-10'ITH BO
BCex o6pa3uax 3aMeTHyIO POJIb B CHOpOBO-nblJlbueBblX CneKTpax HrpaeT
nblJlbua epHHKa, n0-BHJjHMOMy, Betula nana, I UCTHraloluaA 20-30% OT CyM-
MbI BCeX COCTIHTaHHbIX 3epeH. CpeAH TpaBAHHCTbIX paCTeHHII npeo6Jiaaae:
IIbIJIbua nOJIblHeli, J[OCTnraioLuaq 78%, a TaK}Ke CHCTeMaTHTIeCKH OTMe'IaeTCA
nblJlbua ceMeiCTB Chenopodiaceae, B oco6eHHOCTH Gramineae, coaep)KaHHe
KOTOpOH B HH}KHHX CJioAX BOJIbIHenlapOBCKOPO pa3pe3a UOCTHraeT 60-70%.
143 TOJIIUH FJIHH BOJIbInemmapOBCKOro pa3pe3a naJleOKapHOJIOrOM M. F. KHnn-
aHH 6bIJIa JII06e3HO H3ylieHa ceMeHHaA (p.mopa. Bcero 6blJio npoaHaJIH3HpOBa-
HO LHeCTb o6pa31OB, B35ITbIX npHMepHO Tlepe3 2 M CBepXy BHH3 no BCeMy Pa3-
pe3y. CHHCKH (JJIOp BO BCeX o6pa3uax OKa3aJIHCb OAHHaKOBbIMH, CpeJ[H HHX
M. F. KHnnaHH OTMe'IaeT o6HJIHe CKJIepOHJjOB Fungi, MaKpOCnOpbI Selagi-
nella selagenoides L., JIHCTOtIKH Sphagnum, Bryales gen., XBOHHKH Picea sp.,
Larex (?), ceMeHa H O'pemKH Gramineae gen., Carex sp., Juncus sp., Luzu-
la sp., Betula sp., Oxyria digyna Hill, Caryophillaceae gen., Ranunculaceae
(cf. Genum), Ranunculus sp., Papaveraceae gen., Cruciferae gen., Poten-
tilla cf. nivea, Primulaceae gen. H T. R.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, COCT2B CeMeHHOI-I (!JIOpbI HaXOJ[HTCA B HOJIHOM 000TBeT-
CTBHH CO CHOpOBO-nbIJlbueBblMH JjaHHbIMH. QJIH o6Hapy>KeHHbIX HCKOnaeMblX
paCTHTeJIbHbIX OCTaTKOB xapaKTepHo npeo6JiaJ.JaHHe chop, nbIJIbubI, nJIO,IOB
H CeMSIH npe,[CTaBHTeJieii TpaBAHHCTbIX paCTeHHI-I H3 CeMeRCTB nOJIbIHefi, JIe-
6e,I oBbIX, MaKOBbIX, KpeCTOUBeTHbIX, rB03AHLIHbIX H T..U , Majioe CO)lep)KaHHe
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
OCTaTKOB JlpeBeCHbIX rlOPO.1, fO4TH rIOJIHOe OTCyTCTBHe CJ1 J OB BOJ HbIX H np11-
6pe)KHO-BOAHbIX paCTeHHil. XapaKTepHO o6HJIbHOe co, ep)CaHHe OCTaTKOB
paCTeHHII BJIa}KHbIX McCTO06I4TaHHFi.
O^
\
11
11
4nr. 16. CnopoBO-nbl,nbueBbie AHarpaMMbI o3epHo-aJIJuoBHanbHblx nepnnaunaalbHhIx
3bip51HCKHx oTJloa{eHHH BoJtbule1uapoBcxoro apa:
A-o6luero cocTaea nbinbubl H cnop, 5-coaepH(aHHe nlilnbRbl apeBecHblx nopoa. B-nblmbubl Betula nana,
T-nbIJlbubl TpaBHHHCTbIX paCTeHHit. (COCTaBHJIa E. B. KopeHeBa). YcnoBHble o603HageHHe CM. (~Hr. 4.
Ho MHeHHIO M. F. KHnHaHH, paCTHTeJIbHbIH geTpHT, CeMeHa H 4 iopa aJI-
JIOXTOHHOI'O THna. OTJIo)KeHHSI, B KOTOPbIX OHH COJ ep}KaTC5!, HaKaHJIHBaJIHC5
B McJIKOBOAHOM, BepO5ITHO, Ce30HHO XOPOHIO npoI'peBaeMOM BOAOeMe, B KO-
TOPOM pa3BHBaJIaCb BOAOpOCJIb Pediastrum, a TaK>Ke MHOrO~IHCJIeHHble
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
,iepBeo6pa3Hble (?) OpraHH3MbI. CJIejIaMH B{H3Heae5TeJIbHOCTH nocJleanHX B
BH,ae MHOrOtIHCJIeHHbIX 1IePBOTOLIHH HCneIIlpeHbI rJIHHHCTble OCaJIKH.
OCHOBHaA Macca OTJIO}KeHHII IIepHrJISIUHaJIbHOI3 30HbI OTHOCHTCH KO
BpeMeHH HaqaJia pacnaaa 3bIp5IHCKOI'O JIeanHKa. HMeHHO 3THMH OCaaKaMH
H cJIO}KeHa OTMezIeHHaA BbIHIe nJIOCKaA o3epHaA paBHHHa Ha Jieso6epe}Kbe
EHHCeT. KOJloccaJIbHoe KOJIHLIeCTBO 03ep Ha ee HOBepXHOCTH C OJIHHaKOBbIM
ypOBHeM, npHBA3aHHbIM K 40-45-McTpOBbIM OTMeTKaM, nO-BHJ HMOMy, CJle-
JIyeT pacCMaTPHBaTb KaK peJIHKTbI o61UHpHOFO McJIKOBOAHOI'O BOJ oeMa.
1ZocJIeJ Hni3 o6pa3OBaJICSI B npejleJiax EHHCeIICKOII aenpeccHH B pe3yAbTaTe
Ta5IHH5I 3bIp}IHCKHX JIbaOB H yCHJIHBIIIerOCA HPHTOKa eHHceIICKHX BOA C K)ra.
Oca,aKH ero y KpaA JIeJJHHKa (HH30BbA p. Typyxana, p. HH)KHecI BaHxli
H T. R.), BbIn0JIHAA npea3bIP51HCKHII eHHCeIICKHII Bpe3 C a6COJIIOTHbIX OTMeTOK
30-35 ao 45-55 M, nepeKpbiBaIOT aJIJIIOBHaJIbHble (03epHble) Ka3aHIjeBCKHe
OTJIO}KeHHH. Ho no Mepe JIBHBKeHHH K Tory (y1Ke Ha IHHpOTe yCTbH p. Cyxolt
TyHryCKH) 6oJIee ,I(peBHHe 'Ka3aHgeBCiKHe O6pia3OBaHHH B BHAe TpeTbeII HaJI-
HOIIMeHHOR TeppacbI EHHCeA BbIXOJjHT H3-fOJ[ HX ypOBHA (COCHOBbIil xpe6eT).
O3epHble nepHrJIAIIHaJIbHble oCaJIKH nOCTeneHHO Tep5IOT nOKpOBHbIII xapaK-
Tep CBo-erO 3aJI'era.HHA H BKJIaJjbIBa1OTCA B 9p03,HOHHbIfI Bip'e3 eHHICencKOII 10-
JI,HHbI. B 'pafOH,e CoCHOBOro xpe6Ta H aamlee iK IOry OHH o16A,eKaIo'T H npH-CJIO-
HAIOTCA K 3p0'31HOHHbIM OCTaHuaM TpeTbeh HaJjnoIIMeHHofi Tepp:aCbI.
K OTJIO}KeHHHM, CHHXpOHHbIM oIHCaHHbIM nepHrJIAIIHaJIbHbIM ocaJIKaM,
OTHOCHTCA CJJIIOBHOrJIAIIHaJIbHble neCKH H raJlegIHHKH, pe}Ke CJIOHCTble cynec
H CyrJIHHKH, pacnpOCTpaHeHHble B aOJIMHaX peK HH)KHeII n CyxOII Tyxrycoic,
CeBepHOI t H T. R.
OgeBHJIHO, TIaCTHTIHO OJIHOB03paCTHbIMH C HHMH 6yJIyT H KeHHA>, BblaeJIAeMble C. A. TpOHUKHM B HH30Bb}IX EHH-
ceA H 6acceRHe p. AranbI. Flo HanlnM Ha6JIIOJIeHHAM, Ha peKax (DOKHHOII.
Y60IIHOil H JipyrHx 3TH ocaJIKH BbInOJIHAK)T nOHH){eHHA Me>KAy rpHJjaMH HJIH
B{e C1OpMHpyIOT o6lllHpHble nJIOCKOXOJIMHCTble 3a60JI0LIeHHble nOBePXHOCTII
c a6COJIIOTHbIMH OTMeTKaMH 60-80 M.
B TO'M 'H 'a!pyrOM CJI'y4ae OHM ABJIAIO'TCA 6ojie'e apeBIHHMIH, TIeM ocaJI'KH
KaprHHCKOId Tepp,a,CbI, KOTOpbFC 3aJlera10T CTpaTHrpaacJHTIeCKH BbIiLHe, a rHn-
COMeTpHLIeCKH HH}Ke, H Bpe3aHbl B n03,gHe3bIpAHCKHe OTJIOB{eHHA.
HaH6oJlee XapaKTepHble pa3pe3bI paccMaTpHBaeMbIX OTJIo KeHHII BCKpbI-
BaIOTCA no p. HHBCnei Banxe ((pnr. 17).
O6bILIHo 3To 5-8, peaKO 10-MCTpoBal natIKa nepeCJlaHBaioiunxCA nec-
KOB, cynececI H CyFJIHHKOB C MHOrOT-IHCJIeHHbIMH JIHH3aMH H npOCJIOAMH Ha-
MbIBHbIX TOP(pAHHKOB H paCTHTeJIbHOI1 CegKH.
HeCKH }KeJlTble KBapueBble CO 3Ha4HTeJIbHO14 npHMeCbIO TeMHOUBeTHbIX
MHHepaJIOB, McJIKO- H TOHK03epHHCTble, nblJleBaTble, rJIHHHCTble TOHKO- n
MHKpOrOpH30HTaJIbHO- H BOJIHHCTOCJIOHCTble.
CynecH H CyrJIHHKH 6ypoaaTo-6eBCeBble, cepble, HJIOBIaTble, HeHCHO-rOpH-
30HTaJIbHO-CJIOHCTble, c paCTHTeJIbHOII ce'IKOIf. MeCTaMH BCTpetlaK)TCH JIHH-
3bI cepOBaTO-CHHef4 HJIOBaTOII FJIHHbI Co CJIa6bIM CepOBOJIOPOAHbIM 3anaxoM
(cM. (pHr. 16).
B neCKaX B HeCKOJIbKHX McCTax 6bIJIa BCTpeLIeHa npeCHOBOAHaA 4)ayHa--
Gyraulus sp., Valvata piscinalis Mull., Pisidium amnicum MuII., Sphaeriutn
scaldianum Normn. (onpeJjeJIeHHA 14. B. gaHHJloBCKOrO).
HpOBeaeHHble E. B. KopeHeBOIu CnOpOBo-nbIJIbUeBble aHaJIH3bI H3 TOJIMII
OHHCbIBaeMbJX nOpOa B o6Ha KeHHH no p. HHBCHei Banxe B 9 KM BbIIIIe Bna-
JIeHHH pyqbH 1-103BOHolmoro (CJHr. 18) noKa3bIBaIOT rlpeo6JIaAaHHe nbIJIbu.bI
paCTeHHIt OTKPbITbIX JIaHAHIa4JTOB. B rpyrine nbIJIbubI JlpeBeCHbIX nOpOa npe-
o61Ia,aalOT XBOIiHble-eilb H COCHa, B McHbnleII CTeneHH 6epe3a H OJlbxa. He-
3'HagHTeJIbHoe IIIpOgeHTHOe CoAepMCaHHe inblJlbIlbl A'penecHblX TIOp'OIA CBHJIe-
TeJlbCTByeT O ee 3aHOCHOM npOHCXO)KJjeHHH (1-pH14yK, 3aKJIHHCKag, 1948).
1ZbmbUa KyCTapHHKOBOu 6epe3bl COCTaBJIAeT 8-15%.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
OCHOBHOe 3Ha1IeHHe B cnopos0-nblJlbuesbIx cneKTpax, KaK H B RHarpaMMe
BojlbluenIlaposcxoro o6Ha}KeHH5I, HMeeT nbIJIbua TpaBSIHHCTbIX pacTeHHH: no-
J1bIHefl, JIe6eJ(OBbIX H 3JIaKOB. B BepxHeu ~IaCTH pa3pe3a iKOJIn1eCTBO HX AO-
CTHnaeT 10-20%, a 'B HH'}KHHX yseJIH'IHBaeTCa Ao 40%. BOJlbulylo p1mb, Lien
B bOJlbuleula,poBGKOM 'pa3ipe3e, HrpaIOT nbmbua pa3HOTpa'BbB.
B CnHCKe ceMeHHOft (pJIOpbI, 113y1ieHHOA F. A. Ba.lyeBOfI B 1952 r. n3 aJi-
JIOXTOHHbIX TOp(JMHHLIKOB LIeTbIpex o6Ha)KeHHI3 Ha p. HH}KHeii Bami, yKa3bl-
BaIOTCH cJleAylouLHe 4JopMbl: Fungi, Selaginella selaginoides L., Carex sp.,
cHr. 17. FOpH30HTaJIbHa1 CJIOHCTOCTb nepnrJ1HAHaJIbHbIX 3bIpHHCKHX OCaaKOB
B 06Ha}KeHHH JIeBOro 6epera p. HHxcHeit BaHXH 15 KM HH}Ke epaKTOpHH
MOMqHK.
Papaver sp., Potentilla sp., Cruciferae gen., Ranunculaceae, Spirilina spira-
lica, Alisma cf. plantago, Granineae gen., Cyperaceae sp., Juncus cf. arcticus
Willd., Caryophyllaceae gen., Ranunculus cf. repens L., Ranunculus reptant
L., Thalictrum sp., Papavera-eae gen., Lysimachia cf. punctata, Menyanthes
trifoliata L., Sphagnum, Polygonum, Betula sp.
TaKHM 0613a3OM, omicaHHble paCTHTeJlbHble OCTaTKH CBHieTeJIbCTByIOT
o pa3BHTHH B nepHrJIHUHaJIbHOH 30He BO BpeMS1 3bIp IHCKoro OJIeJ>;eHeHHSI
BeCbMa CBoeo6pa3Hb'X 6e3JIeCHbIX JIaHJjmma(1TOB C o6HJIHeM B paCTHTeJIbHOM
nOKpOBe nOJIblHefl, JIe6eJl.oBbIX H KyCTapHHKOBbIX 6epe3, He HMeJOIUHX aHaJIO-
rOB B COBpeMeHHOfI paCTHTeJIbHocTH, HO, BepOHTHO, paCnpOCTpaHeHHbIX B ne-
pHrJISIunaJIbHbIX O6JIaCTHX B TeLIeHHe LIeTBepTHT-IHoro nepHoaa (B. H. Fpn-
qyK ,H M. H. Fpwl'y'K, 1950; FOpO.IKOB, 1948; Fp11IyK H (De,LLopOBa, 1956;
MapxoB, 1956).
CBoeo6pa3Ha5I JIaHJuua(JTHO-reorpa(IJHqeCKa5i o6cTaHOBKa, CyuieCTBOBaB-
IIIaSI B npej eJlax HccJIeaOBaHHoro paiOHa, 6bIJIa, HO HameMy MHeHHIO, B3a-
FIMOCB5I3aHa c (JH3HKO-reorpa(JHiieCKHMH oco6eHHOCTIMH AerpaAauHH 3bIp5IIi-
CKoro JIeJ HnKa.
TaHHne JIbJ 0B 6bIJIo o6ycJIOBJIeHo, Hec0MHeHHO, pe3KO Bo3pocweH cyxo-
CTbIO BO3AyXa H ycuJIeHHeM COJIHegHOH HHCOJISIUHH. 3TO Onpe)JeJIHJIo LIe3TbI
apHJI,HOCTH B paCTHTeJIbHOM nOKpOBe, 'ITO J(OKa3bIBaeTCH npeo6JlaaaHHeM
HpeucTaBnTeJleu ceMeucTBa Chenopodiaceae, poua Artemisia.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BMeCTe C TeM HCge3HOBeHHe JIe,LSIHbIX HOKpOBOB COnpOBOiKqaJIOCb 06BOj;-
HeHHeM o61UHpHbIX noHH)KeHHbIX npOCTpaHCTB, 'ITO oco6eHHO HarJISI,gHO BHA-
HO Ha npHMepe EHHCeiICKOI3 aenpecCHH. O6LIIHpHOe o6BO, HeHHe He MOPJIO He
CKa3aTbC51 H, BeposiTHO, aeIicTBHTeJIbHO SIBHJIOCb BeCbMa CyIueCTBeHHbIM (paK-
TOpOM B npouecce BO3HHKHOBeHHH 6e3JIeCHbIx npocTpaHCTB. Jleca Morjiii
npOH3paCTaTb JIHLLIb B HOjuXOARLuHX YCJIOBHSIX peJibeq)a H 9Kcn03HuHH, ycTy-
nHB McCTO TpaBHHHCTOMy H MOXOBOMy noKpOBaM.
0 20 40 60 80 100% 0 20 405020 20% 0 20 40 60%
` \ I r\
` I \
I
I \ !
I \
\!
A ! \
/ \
ft 1 1
II 11 !
II `
1 !
II 1!
II 1 )
I!V
it
!1
bbd bb
(DHr. 18. CnopoBo-nbIJlbueabte allarpaMMbi 03epablx 3blpHHCKHx nepn-
rJIaunaJlbHbIX OTJlO)KeHHN, BCKPEJBaIOnjHXCA B o6Ha)KeHHH Ha JIeBOM
6epery p. Hn}KHef baHXH, B 9 KM BbIme BnaXeHHH py'ibSI 1-103BOH0'3HOrO:
A-o6utero CGCTaBa nbIabgb[ H cnop, B-cOatep KaHHe nbInbubc upeoecxbcx nopog,
B-nbInbubt Betula nana, 1--nb1nbub1. TpaBHHHCTbIX paCTeHHN. (COCTaBH.7a E. B. Ko-
peHeBa). YCJIOBHbJe 06o3HaveHH51 CM. cn,r. 4.
OTMetIeHHbie JlaHjj[la(JTHbie YCJIOBHSI CHOCO6CTBOBaJIH LIIHpOKOMy pacce-
fIeH111O B 3T0 BpeMx rpynn )KHBOTHbIX OTKpbITbIX npOCTpaHCTB (FpOMOB,
1948). 71JI5I HCCJIeJjoBaHHOI3 TeppHTOpHH C KOMnJIeKCOM nO3AHe3bIpSIHCKHX
OTJIO}KeHHR CBSI3aHa (payHa McJIKOHHTaioLUHx: Elephas primigenius Blum.,
Rangifer tarandus L., Ovibos sp. H T. )u., o6HapyxceHHax no pexaM Typyxa-
Hy :H BepXHeii BaHXH rei0JIoraMIH C1olo3HOil PeoJIoro-n-OHCKOBof KO.HT'Opbl
(CfTK) H no p. BoJIbLIIOI3 ABaMCKOiI C. J1. TpOH1uKHM B 1955 r. (yCTHble
coo61ueHHH).
F1o3juHe-nocJIejieAHHK0Bbdi ropH3oHT-Q23k+s r BKJIIOgaeT OTJIO}KeHHSI BTO-
pOii HaJnoiIMeHHOI$, KaprHHCKOI3 H NePBOI3 IHaxiogMeHHOH, CalpTBHCKOH Tep-
pac E,"ceH, a TaK}Ke CHHXpOHHible HM ocajuKii B AOJIHHaX ero lIpHTOKOB.
OTJIO}KeHH51 BTOPOi3 HajunOiIMeHH0i3, KaprHHCKOiiTep-
p a c bI-alQ23k Ha oTpe3Ke eHHCeI3CKOII J1OJIHHbI Me?Kjuy BaXTOf H TypyxaH-
CKOM BbITHHyTbl 5-10-KHJIOMeTpOBbIMH nOJIOCaMH no 06eHM, OCO6eHHO JIeBO-
My, 6eperai EHHCeH. OHH BJIO}KeHbl B TOJIII.uy OCa.1 KOB TpeTbeft Hajjnol3MeH-
HOiI TeppaCbI H 3aJ'IeraiOT Ha pa3MbITOi3 nOBepXHOCTH rJISIUHaJIbHO-Mopcxoro
-ra30BCKO-caHgyrOBCKOrO rOpH3OHTa Ha OTMeTKax 33-35-36 M Ha npaBOM
n 20-25 M Ha JIeBOM 6eperax.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IZOBepXHOCTb BTOpOIi HaJIHOIIMeHHOii TeppaCbI, KaK y}Ke OTMetiaJlocb, Mop-
((oaorHLIeCKH H rHIICOMeTpHtIeCKH TpyJZHO oTJjeJIHMa OT YPOBH5I 3bIp51HCKOI%I
nepHrJISIuHaJIbHOH paBHHHbI. I'paHHua Me}KJjy HHMH HOKa3aHa Ha o63OPHOII
reo.oorHtIeCKOIi ape yCJIOBHO.
B CHJIY 3THX npHtIHH C. B. LIIaUKHH (B 1952 r.) He BbIAeJIHJI onHCbIBae-
Mble OCaJIKH B CaMOCTOSITeJIbHbIfI CTpaTHrpa(JHLIeCKHK rOpH30HT. OH o6'beRH-
H5IJI HX BMeCTe C 03epHo-aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbIMH OTJIO}KeHH5IMH nepHrJl5iUHaJIbHO1i
3bIPHHCKOIt paBHHHbI KbH EHHCeH
H JIHHIb McCTaMH BCTpe'IaeTC51 no ero npasoMy 6epery.
OTTHCbIBa'eMaH aJIJIIOBHaJIbHan CBHTa npHC'IOHeHa K OTJIO}KeHH51M BTOpOH
HaJHO1iMeHHOIi TeppaCbI EHHCeH H nOKOHTC} B 1O)KHOi LIaCTH paiOHa (BaXTa-
I-IyMCOBO) Ha CaMapOBCKOII MopeHe, a B CeBepHOII - Ha Ta30BCKO-caHtIyrOB-
.CKHX nopojjaX.
B OCHOBaHHH JIeBo6epe}KHbIX TeppaCOBbIX pa3pe30B Ha a6COJII0THbIX OT-
McTKaX 10-15 M 06bI4IHO 3aiieralOT KpyfH03epHHCTble rpaBeJIHCTbie neCKH
C npOCJIOHMH raJIe4HHKOB. 06JIOMOLIHbIII MaTepHaJI XopoHTO OKaTaH (B Macce
no III KJIaccy). FpaHyIIOMeTpH4eCKHII COCTaB ero npHBeAeH B Ta6JI. 28.
Ta6JtHua 28
rpaHyJIOMeTpH4eCKHFi COMB aJId1IOBHA nepeoi HaAnoi%MeHH0f1 TeppacbM EHHceR
O_
1,2 I 3,0 I 8,3 I 8,3
O
N
too
of
B KJIaCCe -50 +25 npeo6JIaaa1oT Tpannbl-30,7%, 3aTeM HJ,yT neCtia-
HHKH-23,1 %, KpeMHHCTble nOpOAbI-15,4%, KBapUHTbI-8,7%, KBapU--
799%, Tyc bI-7,7% H KOHTaKTHO-H3MeHeHHble fOpoAbl-7,1 %. CpeAH 6o.iee
McJIKOrO i iaCTHLieCKOPO MaTepnaJia B KJiacce --25+10 MM COAepxKaHHe Tpan-
HOB naAaeT ao 7,94% H pe3KO nOBbIHIaeTCH coaep KaHHe KBapua-Ao 37%,
KpeMHHCTbIX nopoA-39,21 %. KOJIHLIeCTBO pa3JIHTIHbIX neCTIaHHKOBbIX raiieK
LIOCTHraeT Bcero 11,64%, KBapUHTOB-4,21 %.
MOnjHOCTb OnHCaHHbIX PYCJIOBbIX HJIH CTep}KHeBbIX OCaJjKOB H3MeHHeTCn
OT 0,5 Ao 2-3 M. OHH nepeKpb1BB10TC51 12-15-McTpOBOI3 Tom eH }KeJITOBa-
TO-CepblX KOCO- H rOpH3OHTaJIbHO-CJIOHCTbIX neCKOB. McXaHHLIeCKHfi COCTaB,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
H1)HBOUHMbIII B Ta6JI. 29, BbIHBJISIeT HX J(OBOJIbFIO 0JHOPOAHbII1 COCTaB H npe-
KpaCHYIO COpTHpOBKY.
CTapnHHble H nOIIMeHHble OCaJ1KH BeCbMa cJla6o pa3BHTbI. fTocJleAHHe
IIpe.JLCTaBJIeHbI neCHaHbIMH CyneCAMH H HMeIOT MOIIIHOCTb B 0,5-1,5 M.
Ta6.nHHa 29
MexaHH4eCKHM COCTaB aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbIX (pyCJIOBwx) OcaAKOB nepBON HaanONMeHHON
Teppacw EHHCeH
a
a a
a U)
of
cli
01
J1enbIH 6eper EHHCeH, y CTaHKa Eopo-
AHHO . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
91,73
5,72
JIeBbIN 6eper EHHCeH, Y CTBHKa Llyn-
KOBO
95,41
2,43
2,16
flpaBb1N 6eper EHHCeH, Y CTaHKa EaK-
naHHxa . . . . . . . . . . . . .
87,35
9,17
3,37
flpaBbII4 6eper EHHCefl, Y CTaHKa 3b1-
pHHOBO . . . . . . . . . . . . .
94,34
3,96
1,70
Tam aK,
MaTepnaJT KOTOpOrO cpaHCHOpTHpOBaJICA OHHCeeM. 3TO, nO-BHJZHMOMy, H o6yc-
JIOBHJIO HeKOTOpOe MHHepaJIOrIILIeCKoe pa3HOO6pa3He oCajIKOB aJIJTIOBHaJIb-
HbTX CBHT H OTJIHLIHSI HX OT MOpeHHbIX o6pa3OBaHHI3. TaK, JIJISI BepXHenJIeI3-
CTOUeHOBbIX eHHCeITCKHX CBHT XapaKTepHa 3HatlHTeJIbHa5I CJIIOgHCTOCTb, He
npncyuian JIeJIHHKOBbIM OTJIO}KeHHSIM. B TO }Ke BpeMSI JIeJIHrIKOBble OCaJIKH
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
MaKCHMaJIbHOFO oJIeaeHeHnSI no OKpiaHHe CpeaHe-CH614P0KOrO nJIOCKOrOpbHi
cO,Tep}KaT ueOJIHTbl, He H3BeCTHble aJIH eHHcefiCKOro aJIJIIOBHSI H T. a.
B BHay TOFO, T-ITO OnHCbIBaeMaH TeppHTOpHH OTHOCHTCH K OJHOI'I TeppHreH-
HO-MHHepaJIOrIPIeCKOII npOBHHUHH, KaK OTaeJIbHble ropH30HTbI, TaK H SipyCa
II aaxce OTae.ibI He HMeIOT HHJ1HBnayaJlbHOII HPKO Bblpa}KeHHOH MHHepa.TIoro-
[IeTporpa4)HTIeCKOI1 xapaKTepHCTHKH. B CBH3H C 3THM H3yTIeHHIo 6bTJln noa-
BeprHyTbI He CTpaTHrpa4JHLIeCKHe noJl,pa3aeJleHH5I, a OCHOBHble reHeTHTIeCKHe
THnbI -ieTBePTHxlHbIX oTJ10}KeHHII.
flO.nyTIeHHble pe3y.?IbTaTb1 OKa3aJIHCb Han6oJIee 3HagIHTeJIbHbIMH a05i Kop-
l;eJlHI[HH TpeX rJl.runa.ibHblX rOpH30HTOB paCCMaTpHBaeMOII TeppHTOpHH. OHII
IIO3BOJI5110T B COBOKynHOCTH C BH3yaJIbHbIMH Ha6JIK)JjeHHHMH - II.BeTOM,
CTpyKTypOn H TeKCTypOII, McXaHHTIeCKHM COCTaBOM H T. A. BbI5lBHTb HeKOTOpbIC
HHawBHayaJIbHble oco6eHHOCTH 4JanHaJIbHbIX pa3HOBHaHOCTeH pa3HOB03paCT-
HbIX rJISIuHaJIbHbIX OTJIO}KeHHH.
3 bI p 51 H C K a q M O p e H a O6bITIHO }KeJITOBaTO-6ypa5l, c pbI}KeBaTbIM OT-
TCHKOM, pbIXJIaH, CHJIbHO HeCTIaHaH, o6oralueHHa% BaJlyHIaMH II raJIbKOII, npH
He3HaTIIITeJlbHOM coaep}KaHHH rpaBHH (Ta611. 23). OHa xapaKTepH3yeT-
CSI CaMbIM BbICOKHM a6COJIIOTHbIM co;tep}KaHHeM TpannOBOI[ raJlbKH (7,61--
25,02%), JLOJIOMHTOB (ao 14,18%), H3BecTHHKOB (ao 4,13%), OTTIaCTH necua-
HHKOB (a0 26,67% npn cpeaHeM 9,79%) H npaKTHT-IeCKH'nOTIT1 flOJIHbIM OTCyT-
CTBHeM KBapua, KpeMHeli H KBapUHTOB. 4pe3Bbl4IallHO xapaKTepHO npHCyTCT-
BHe 6vpbIX necgaHHKOB C OTne'-IaTKaMH Me3030HCKOII 4payHbl (AHryTHxa, Ty-
pyxaH, EpMaKOBO, r1JIaXHHO H T. U) H HH}KHeKeM6pHI-ICKHX KOHrJIOMepaTOB
(TypyxaH).
3bIpHHCKne aOHHoMopeHHble OTJlo)KeHuH HMeIOT caMyto 6eaHylo cpeaH oC-
TaJIbHbIX m5iu IaJIbHbIX H, BO3MO}KHO, Boo6Lue TieTBePTIgHbIX OTJIO}KeHHli pa3-
TiHTIHbIX reHeTHgeCKHX THROB OnHCbIBaeMOa TeppHTOpHH MHHepaJIonHTIeCKylo
acCOUHaUH'O, HaCTIHTbIBaKllUylO BCerO BOCeMb-J[eBMTb KOMrOHeHTOB. B TO }Ke
BPeMM OHa OTJIHBaeTC51 caMblM BbICOKHM co ep}KaHI4eM nnpOKceHOB (MaKCH-
MaJIbHO ao 40-51 %) H o6JIOMKOB nopoa (ao 68-75%), HPH HH3KOM co ep-
xI aHHH KBapua (4-15%), nojieBbIX LHnaTOB (0,6-25,77%) n pe3KHMH KoJIe-
6aHHHMH coaep}KaHHSH pOFOBOll O6MaHKH (1,65-25,77%).
B HeKOTOpbIX O6pa3uaX B Tn)KeJ10II 4ppaKUHH npHCyTCTBYIOT HJIH HCKJIK)-
TIHTeJIbHO nHpOKCeHbI, HJIH 06JIOMKH nopoa? B 3bIpHHCKOII MopeHe He BcTpe-
9a[oTC51 rpaHaT, HOCTO$IHHO npHCyTCTBYIOIijHII B CaMapOBCKOII MopeHe, TypMa-
JIIIH, UHPKOH, anaTHT, a TaKxce TwnaHHCTble H McTaMopljHTIeCKHe MHHepa-
JIbI, XapaKTepHble JUl9 Ta30BCKO-caHTIYFOBCKHX HOPOJ( (Ta6JI. 33).
Ta30BCKo-C aHTIyFOBCKHe rJI5iuHaJlbHO-MOpCKHe nopo-
Jj bl HMeIOT O6bITIHO TeMH'O-,cepylo, McCTaMH qepHylo oKpaCKy, HHoraa C 3eJle-
HOBaTbIM HJIH CHHeBaTbIM OTTeHKOM. OHH ynJIOTHeHbI, CJIOHCTbI, KOMKOBaTO-
uJe6HeBaTOII CTpyKTypbI, o6J1aaalOT 3Ha'IHTeJIbHOII lJIHHHCTOCTbIO, COJjep}KaT
B a6COJIIOTHOM Bblpa)KeHHH HaHMeHbliee KOJIHTIeCTBO cpeJLH apyrHx rJIHUH-
aJIbHbIX OTJIO}KeHHI[ TpannoBol1 (1,6-9,64% npn cpeaneM 3,4%) H necTlaHH-
KOBOIH (OT 0,24 ao 4,46%, npH cpeJHeM 1,71 %) raJIbKH H BaJIyHOB.
OnHCbIBaeMble nOPOJibI OTJIHUaIOTC5l OT 3bIp5lHCKGH MOpeHbI rIOCTOSIHHbIM
npHCyTCTBHeM raJieK KBapua, KpeMHell 11 KBapuHTOB, a Y K)}KHoro 3aMbIKaHH5I
EHHCec1CKOI1 aenpeCCHH - CJIaHueB, 60KCHTOB H KHCJIbIX 3(~(j)y3HBOB. Ta.lbKa
aOJIOMHTOB, H3BeCTHHKOB H aprHJIJIHTOB BCTpeBIaeTCH CnopaanBeCKH H BeCb-
Ma B He3HaTIHTeJlbHOM KOJIHLIeCTBe (Ta6J1. 34).
BMeCTe C TeM, ofHCblBaeMble rJIHUHaJIbHO-MOPCKHe oTJIo)KeHHH 06JIaaa!OT
CaMblM 6oraTbIM MHHepaJIornTIeCKHM KOMnJIeKCOM no CpaBHeHH10 C 3bIpHH-
CKOII H CaMapoBCKOII MopeHaMH. DTOT KOMnJIeKC BKJIIOTIaeT ao 18-20, a no
aaHHblM B. A. 3y6aKOBa (1956), aaxce J>,o 25-26 MHHepa.noB.
IIOMHMO rJIaBHbIX nopoaoo6pa3ylOLLIHx KOMnOHeHTOB - nnpOKceHOB,
KBapi a, nOJIeBbIX IlinaTOB, porOBOII O6MaHKH H 3HHJ[OTa B BHae CJICJOB 11
aoJTeli, pex1,0
9,94
CKpbITbl6 HP
1,0-0,1
CneAbi
18,64
0,1-0,01
CneAbi
16,42
2,35
1,0
2,50
CneAbi
1,0-0,1
CneAbi
14,87
0,97
0,1-0,01
1,24
14,62
2
30
1
--
-
18,42
-
cTaHKa CenHBaRHXH
1-0,1
--
-
32,45
0,1-0,1
1,52
-
13,64
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KeHa
cJIa60, TOrAa KaK Ha BbIBeTpeJIOH IOBepXHOCTH npoCTynaeT HeCpaBHeHHO
6o.nee OT4eTJIHBO. ,TJJIH HeKOTOpbIX nJIaCTOB CBHTbI XapaKTepHbl McJIKHe BHy-
TpH()opMaIiHOHHble, HHorAa CJIerKa OnpOKHHyTble, CKJIaA04KH, pa3Mep KOTO-
pblX (no BepTHKaJIH) Kojle6JIeTCH OT 0,1 Ao 0,3 Al. MOniHOCTb CBHTbI OKOJIO
200 Al.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
Puc. 4. NSenhaR cxnaaogKa B nopoaax H3BecTH51KOBO-cnaaueBOfI CBHTFA
cn.aypa. OKpecTnocTa ypovnma I(bisbin-Ji Kapa
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246A055900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
AEBOHCKASI CHCTEMA
O6wHii o6sop
Ha TepPHTOPHH ueHTpanbHOii 4aCTH TyBHHCKoro nporH6a Me)KAy nane-
OHTOJIOrH4eCKH oxapaXTepH30BaHHbIMH nopOAaMH cxnypa H HH)KHerO Kap-
6oHa pacnOnaraK)TCSI MOIlHble, B OCHOBHOM KpaCHOuBeTHble ocaAO4Hbie H
BYnKaHOreHHbie O6pa3OBaHHSI AeBOHCKOTO B03paCTa. CJIojKHoe CTPOeHHe OT-
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CYTCTBHe BYJIKaHOreHHbIX nOPOA CNJIbHO 3aTpyAHAeT HX H3y4eHHe. He ManO
TpyJLHOCTeFi AoCTa'BJIAeT H AH3 bIOHKTHBHaS TeKTOHHKa, 6aaroAapH KO-
TOPOI3 He Bceraa MOMKHO npocaeAHTb HOpManbHyIO nocaeAOBaTenbHOCTb
pa3pe3a.
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o6pa30BaHHAMH, 4epeAytoutHMHCA C KpaCHbIMH, 6ypbNMH H 3eneHbIMH nee-
4aHHKaMH, aJIeBpOJIHTaMH H MepreJ1HMH. BepXHHH KOMfJIeKC He COAepMKHT
BYJIKaHOreHHb1X nopoA H npeACTasneH KpaCHOIBeTHbIMH H CepO1.[BeTHbIMH
necgaHHKaMH, KOHraomepaTaMH H aneBPOJIHTaMH. (,peAH HHX 4aCTO BCTpe-
4aIOTCA MOIuHble TOJIIuH H3BeCTHAKOB, MepreneH H aprHnnHTOB.
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KOTOpble OT4eTJ1HBO npOCne)KHBaIOTCSI Ha 3Ha4HTeJIbHOH nnoLuaAH.
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6aMH, JIHCTOHOrHMH H yCOHOTHMH pa4KaMH, OCTpaKOAaMH, nnOXO coxpaHHB-
luHMHCA o6pbIBKaMH paCTeHHH, CHOpaMH nanopOTHHKOo6pa3HbIX paCTeHHA.
BeCb nepe4HCneHHbIH KOMnneKC (payxbl H (pnopbi 6onee xapaKTepeH AnA
naryHHbIX H KOHTHHeHTanbHbIX yCnoBHH. OTAenbHbie ropH3OHTbI C MCPCKO %
(4ayHOH BbIAenAKMTC I TOJIbKO no KMMKHOMY H CeBePHOMy CKJIOHaM X. BanaA-
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yBepeHHOCTbIO BbIRenHTb B AeBOHe UeHTpanbHOii TyBbi c ieAYIOLuHe KPYHHbI@
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1) HHMKHHH AeBOH - yCJIOBHO KO6neHICKHIi si yC,
2) Cpe2HHcI AeBOH - 3H(penbCKHIi H )KHBeTCKHFi ApyCbl,
3) BepXHHIi ACBOH - (ppaHCKH1; H yCJIOBHO ()aMeHCKHIi ApyCbI.
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npH CTpaTHrpaq)H4eCKOM paC4neHeHHH HHMKHefi 4aCTH AeBOHCKOYi CHCTeMbI,
npeACTaBneHHOIi 3(4y3HBHO-ocaAotIHbIMH o6pa30BaHHRMH.
HHMKHHF1 AeBOH-3FiIbeJIbCKHii 9pyc CpeAHero AeBOHa
3t#4y3HBHo-ocaAO9HbIN KOMnaeKC B 60nbUIHHCTBe cnygaeB C pa3MbIBOM
X yrnOBbIM HecornacHeM 3aneraeT Ha c 3aYHHCTH4eCKH oxapaKTePH30BaHHMX
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rHx y4aCTKax TyBHHCKOIi KOTJIOBHHbI. Hat16onee noJIHbIIi pa3pe3 3(4)4 y3HBHO-
ocaAO4HOrO KOMnneKca B HCCneAOBaHHOM par4OHe Ha6nIoAaeTCA BAOab JIe-
Boro 6oPTa AOJIHHbI p. Ynyr-XeM, HenocpeACTBeHHO K BOCTOKY OT ypo4Hlua-
OTTbix-Taus.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B ueHTpaJibHO TyBe HaMH BbIAeJHIIOTCB CJIeAyIO1uHC geTblpe CBHTbl
(CHH3y): OTTbIXTaLUCKaB, KpaCHOrOpCKaH, 6ai36yJzyuCKa5l H aTaKIIIHJIb-
CKasi. B CBOIO O4epeAb Ka}KAas{ CBHTa pa3AeJIHeTC31 Ha HeCKOJIbKO?
TOJIIII.
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IiHlua OTTbIX-Tain, rAe npoCJle}KHBaeTCSI nOJiHai nocJIeAOBaTeJTb-
HOCTb nOpOA CBHTbI H Haf4AeHbI HCKonaeMble OCTaTKH (4JIOpbt
H (payHbl.
CJIo)KeHa oHa no npeHMylueCTBy OCHOBHbIMH H KHCJIbIMH 9q)q)Y311BHbIMH'.
o6pa3oBaHHSIMH, 4epeAylo1uHMHc}1 C nJIaCTaMH necgaHHKOB, aJIeBpOJIHTOB It
H3BeCTH51KOB. K iOry OT ypo'IHIua OTTbIX-TBLU Ha6JIIoAaeTCH cJIeayioluHH pa3-
pe3 CBHTbI (CHH3y BBepx) :
a. ToJIIua JUla6a30BbIX H aHAe3HTOBbIX nOp4)HpHTOB.
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H noJIHbIH ee pa3pe3 Ha6Jn0AaeTCfI K Tory OT IIOJisl pa3BHTHH CHJIypHHCKHx
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ciie)KHBalOTC$1 B psu a nyHKTOB no npasoMy 6epery p. YJlyr-XeM. B cTpoe-
IIHII TOJIIUH rJIaBHyIO pOJIb HrpaIOT nOKpOBbI TeMHO-3eJleHbIX AHa6a3OBbIX H
aH,ae3HTOBbIX nOpq)HpHTOB. Ty(pbi H npoc io ocaAO4HbIX nOpOA BCTpe4a1OTCS1
cpaBHHTeJlbHO peAKO. MoulHOCTm nOKpOBOB KOJIe6JIeTCH OT 3 Ao 10 At; apyr
OT Apyra OHM OT,IjeJleHbl npocJIo5IMH HJIH JIHH3aMH 6ypbix H pxcaso-6ypblx
rpy603epHHCTbix neC4aHHKOB, MOIIHOCTb KOTOpbIX He npeBbInIaeT 0,5-2,0.m.
B ocaAOIqHbIX nopoAax AOBOJIbHO qaCTO BCTpeua1OTC l nOJIyOKaTaHHble o6-
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nOKpoBaMH rIPOBeCTH 3aTpyAHHTeJIbHO, TaK KBK OHH KaK (5bI CJIHBa1OTC I Me-
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wHx o6Ha)KeHHHx no noBepxxocTH pa3MblBa HJIH no pe3KOH cMexe nopoA.
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11 151 HX nOBepXl-OCTb HHorAa pa3MblTa.
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a B ee OCHOBHHMH HHUrAa pacnoJIaraeTCl 6ypb1H KOHrJIOMepaT MOLUHOCTbIO
B HeCKOJIbKO McTpOB. TaK, B paklOHe ypo4Hnja Kb13bIJi-,q)Kapa, Me}KAy yCTbH-
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CTaBy K AHa6a3OBbIM nOp(HHpHTaM.
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0,5 AM B AHaMeTpe H o6bIgH0 BbInOJIHeHbl 3eJIeHOBaTbIM XJIOpHTOM, KaJIbuH-
TOM HJIH ueOJIHTOM. BHyTpH nOKPOBa OHH paCnpeAeJlelIbl HepaBHOMepHO. HaH-
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KO MCHbIneM KOJIH4eCTBe MHHAaJIHHbl npHCYTCTBYIOT H B ero OCHOBaHMH;
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COBnajalOT C 4HCJIOBbIMH XapaKTepHCTHKaMH HopMaJlbHblx 6a3aJlbTOB.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
0~ o
F-I'TVVI
F1
1
r7474'4
PHc. 5. 3apHcoaxa Hecor.nacHoro 3aJleraaHH 9c4y3HBHo-OCaJ(04Horo KOMnJIeKCa (DI/ Ha-
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I - Kpacxo-6ypwe xonraouepaTU; 2 - nec42HHKH H aaeapoJHTU; 3 - aprHAAHTU; 4 - OCHODHble H cpeAHHe
944 y3HBbl; 5 - Ty4m H Ty4)OnecgaHHKH; 6 - TyIo6pex4HH
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%
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%
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KOAH4.
%
KOAH4.
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KOAH4.
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48,02
799
44,32
738
78,29
1303
71,82
1190
72,53
1208
T102
1,16
014
2,13
027
0,23
002
0,51
006
0,46
006
A,O,
16,88
165
14,60
143
12,33
121
13,02
128
11,88
116
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3,20
020
9,40
059
0,41
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2,53
015
3,08
019
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6,24
087
9,11
127
0,38
005
2,44
034
1,06
014
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0,18
002
0,14
020
CAeabl
-
0,03
-
0,02
-
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7,74
192
7,14
177
0,17
004
0,28
007
1,30
032
CaO
9,88
176
2,96
053
0,32
005
2,92
052
0,28
005
Na,0
2,45
039
3,50
056
6,73
109
5,34
086
2,07
033
K2O
1,04
011
0,36
038
0,52
005
0,32
003
5,40
057
P2O5
-
-
0,95
-
-
-
0,53
-
-
-
H2O-
0,88
-
0,36
-
0,09
-
0,36
-
0,36
-
H2O+
1,92
-
4,54
-
0,29
-
0,64
-
1,00
-
CO,
0,24
-
0,36
-
-
-
0,10
-
0,09
-
11.n.n.I
-
-
-
- -
-
-
-
-
0,27
-
CyMMa
99,83
-
99,87
-
99,76
-
100,84
-
99,80
-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
'-1HCJIOBble xapaKTepHCTHKH
(no A. H. 3aBapHuKOMy)
d
x
7,09
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14,71
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150 M, B pai3oxe ypotixlua OTTbIx-Taw npe:BbinlaeT 250 M.
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B paROHe ypo4H ua OTTbIX-TaIH, rue oxa HagIHHaeTC1 Kpacno-6ypbIMH KOH-
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CBOeMy o6JIHKy oiieHb nOXO)KHX Ha nopouy HH)KHerO KeM6pHH.
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HeonpeJieJIHMble paCTHTeJIbHble OCTaTKH.
ByJIKaHoreHHble nOpOJjbl B pa3pe3e CBHTbI pacnpeueJleHbl KpaiHe He-
paBHoMepHo. TaK, HanpHMep, B BOCTO4HOH 4aCTH ypO'IHnia OTTbIX-Taw OHH
IlrpaioT BTOpOCTeneHHylO pOJlb H npeJjCTaBJIeHbI .Ha6a3oBbIMH nopc HpHTaMH
Ti KHCJIbIMH Ty(paMH, COJ1epMC' LUHMH KpyrlHble o6JIOMKH upeBecHHbI. B pakoHe
pe4eK Bapb!K H CeHeK 34K y3HBb! nOIITH BbITeCHH1OT ocauogHble nOpOJibl H3
pa3pe3a TOJInjH.
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4)JIOpbi, onpeueJleHHble A. P. AHaHbeBbIM, KaK Psilophyton Coldschmidtii
H a 11 e, Taeniocrada dubia K r a u s e I et W e y I a n d H Drepanophycus
spinaeformis G o e p p e r t. 1Iepable nsa BHAa 5IBJISI1oTc% nCHJIoclliraMH,
noCJ1e1HHH BHA OTHOCHTCH K J[peBHeHHIHM nJIayHOBbIM. MOnjHOCTb TOJIniH
B pafOHe yp04Hnia OTTbIX-Taw A0CTHraeT 350-400 M.
B. To.luja cepOluBeTHbIX aJIeBpOJIHTOB H H3BeCTHSi-
K O B. B HH)KHeH 4aCTH TOJIHia cJ10)KeHa 3e.IeH0BaT0-cepblMH TOHKOCJIOHCTb1-
MH H3BeCTKOBHCTbIMH aJieBpOJIHTaMH, KOTOpbie Bblwe CMeHSIIOTCSI McJIKO-
3epHHCTbIMH 6ypbIMH H KpaCH0-6ypbIMH HeH3BeCTKOBHCTbIMH neC4aHHKaMH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B OCHOBaHHH TOJIMH BbiaeJIHeTCSI HecKOJIbKO npoc.noeB cepbIX neJIHTOMOp(p-
MbIX H3BeCTHSIKOB MOIUHOCTbIO no 10-20 c At. KpacHo-6ypble necgaHHKH
TOJIIIIH 06bIgHO TOHKOnojioc4aTbie, npH4eM OT.geJibHble nOJIOCbI He BbIAepMa-
HbI no LIIHpHHe H HMeIOT paCnJIbIB4aTbie BOJIHHCTble o4epTaHIx. IlepexoA
SOT 3eJIeHOBaTO-cepbwx aJIeBpOJIHTOB K KpaCHbiM necgaHHKaM npOHCXOaHT
nOCTeneHHO. B nepeXOAHOI3 4aCTH pa3pe3a aJIeBpOJIHTbI nOBceMeCTHO co ep-
KKaT McJIKHe nCeBAOMOp(~03bI no KaMeHHOI3 COJIH.
B HH}KHeH nOJIOBHHe pa3pe3a B aJIeBpOJIHTax H H3BeCTHSIKaX aBTOpOM
COBMeCTHO C R. C. 3y6pHJIHHbIM 06Hapy}KeHbI OCTaTKH OCTpaKOA. Oco6eHHo
B 60JIbLIIHX KOJIH4eCTBax OHH BCTpe4eHbl HenocpeACTBeHHO Y HHTpy3HH rpa-
HHT-nOp(dHpOB, pacnoJIO}KeHHoH" apHMepHO B 7,5 /CM K IOrO-BOCTOKy OT yCTbH
p. BoSIH-I-OJI. 1%13 c6opOB R. C. 3y6pHJIHHa E. H. IlojiexoBa npeAsapHTeJrbHo
onpeAeJl ilia Leperditia aff. srtigosa Keg 1., L. aff. fastigata K e g l.,
L. aff. consobrina Jones. H3 TO13 Me KoJIJieKUHH A. 4). A6yiueic
+6bi.ni onpeAe.nexbi Leperditia cf. alloloides Weller H L. elongata
Weller.
Tlo npasoMy 6epery p. Y,nyr-XeM, B 2 ICM K 3anaAy OT ropbi flouhTar,
HH)KHHSI 4aCTb TOJIIL(H npeACTaBJIeHa 3eJieHOBaTO-cepbimH TIeC4aHHKaMH H
aJI(BpOJIHTaMH, epeAH KOTOpbIX 3Ha4HTeJibHyiO pOJIb HrpalOT KpaCHoflBeTHbie
o6pa30BaHHSi. OCTaTKH OCTpaKOA nepenOJIHSIIOT TeMHO-cepbie neJIHTOMOp()-
Hble H3BeCTHSIKH, npH4eM oco6eHHO XOpOIIIO BbIAeJISIeTCA fJIaCT 4epHoro
C HenpHHTHbIM cepOBO,i(OpOAHbIM 3anaxoM H3BeCTHSIKa MOIIIHOCTbio 0,8 At,
IIeJIHKOM COCTOAII(ero H3 paKOBHH Leperditia. OCTpaKOAbI BCTpe4eHbl TaK}Ke
B KpaCHO-6ypblX H MaJIHHOBbIX aJleapOJIHTaX, HO HX COXpaHHOCTb 3AeCb 04eHb
IIJloxasi.
B 06IIIHX 4epTax AJisi pa3pe3a TOJIIIjH xapaKTepxa Ta we nocJleAoBa-
TeJIbHOCTb nOpOA, 4T0 H B paliOHe ypo4Hu a OTTbIX-Taw. OTJIHgHeM SIBJISIeTCH
npeo6JiaAaHxe KpaCHOL(BeTHOFi OKpaCKH H npHCYTCTBHe 4epHbIX OCTpaKOAO-
BbIX H3BeCTHSIKOB.
OT ypOgHLLIa OTTbIX-Taira OCTpaKOAOBaH na4Ka npOTBrHBaeTCH Ha 3anaA
K pe4Ke BapbIK, rie ee MO)KHO npocJIeAHTb B 8,5 KM OT YCTbSI pe4KH. IIpeA-
CTaBJIeHa OHa TaM CepbIMH H3BeCTKOBHCTbIMH aJIeBpOJIHTaMH C npOCJIORMH
TeMHbIX neJIHTOMOp()HbIX H3BeCTHHKOB. MOU. HOCTb TOJ11UH 240 it.
r. Ton IIIa KBap UeBbIX KepaT0q)Hp0B. 3Ta TOJILIIa BbijejleHa
TOJIbKO no JIeBOMy 6epery p. YJiyr-XeM K Tory OT ypo4Hiua OTTbix-Taut.
IIOgTH nOBCeMeCTHO B ee OCHOBaHHH pacnIOJIaraiOTCSI aHAe3HTOBbie nop(IH-
pHTbI MOLIIHOCTbIO B HeCKOJIbKO .IIeCSITKOB HJIH AaMe COTeH McTpOB. B 9 KAI
1{ ceBepo-3anaAy OT KJIK)4a Ky.ny3yH TOJILL(a Ha4HHaeTC5I TeMHbIM JIeBo6peK-
4HSIMH, B KOTOpbIX o6.1OMKH ny3bipHCTbIX nop()HpHTOB cxpenneHbt TeMHO-
6ypbIM nOpHCTbIM OCHOBHbIM CTeKJIOM. BbIIIIe CJIe,((yIOT 3eJleHOBaTO-cepbie
Me.IKOKpHcraJIJIH4eCKHe aHa6a30Bbie nOpi)HpHTbI C OTAeJibHI,IMH nOKpOBaMH
KHCJIbIX 3(J(py3HBOB. O6luasi MOIUHOCTb JIaBo6peKgHH H nOpq)HpHTOB OKOJIO
200 M.
Ha nopogax ocHOBHOro COCTaBa JIe3KHT 900-1100 M KBapiteBbIX Kepa-
TO(r)HPOB H HX Ty(oa. HH)KHHe 200 M pa3pe3a CJIo)KeHbI MaCCHBHOil IIOpO-
AO1i; BepXHSlsl, 60JIbulacl 4aCTb pa3pe3a, npeACTaBJISieT 4epeAOBaHHe OTAeJIb-
HbiX nOKpOBOB no 5-10 M MOI.L(HOCTH CO CJIOHCTbIMH nepeKpHCTaJIJIH3oBaH-
HbIMH Ty()aMH. MHOrOgHcJieHHbie Tpeu HHbl pacceKaIOT nOpOAbI Ha KpynHbie
nJIHTbI HenpaBHJIbHO}i cpopMbl Ao 0,5-1,0 M B nOnepe4HHKe nPH TOJIIIZHHe
B 10-20 CM.
B paHoHe KogeTOBCKOFi allTHKJIHHaJIH cpeAH TyfhOB BCT
pe4aIOTCH AO
BOJIbHO KpynHbie, BbITHHyTbie BKJH04eHHH KBapueBbIX KepaTO4)HpOB, HanO-
MHHaiOII(He no CBoeti ()opMe ByJIKaHH4eCKHe 6OM6bl.
MaKpOCICOnH4eCKH B 34(f y3HBaX H HX Ty(ax OTqeTJIHBO npocJte)KHBaIOTCs
,p03OBaTbie Ta6J!HgKH fJiarHOKJla3a H OTJIeJlbHble nHpaMHAKH TeMHoro
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
CTeKJIBHHO-np03pa4Horo KBapua, 3aKJlIo4eHHble B OaHOpOJLHOn cepo?i
MaCce.
noA MHKPOCKOHOM BHAHO, TO (~eHOKpHCTaJIJIbI KBapua o6J1aaa10T 6HnH-
pamti,RaJIbHOft (jopMOH, HepeAKO onJIaBJIeHbI H 4aCTO HMeIOT XapaKTepHble
K6yXT04KH> H Apyrue noA06Hblei HM (pOpMbI KOPP03HH KpHCTaJlJIOB. Pa3Mepl4
I~e.HOKpHCTaJIJ1OB Koze6JIIoTc 1 OT 0,2 Ao 2-3 MM, upeo6JlaAaIOT BKpanJleH-
HHKH B 0,5-1,0 MM. B nopoAax Co c(4epoJIHTOBOH OCHOBHOH MaCCOH BOKpyr
(?eHOKpHCTaJIJIOB KBapua Bceraa Ha6JInoaaeTCH c(jepoJIHTOBaB KaeMKa-
BKpanJIeHHHKH noJleBOro IunaTa o6pa3ylOT Ta6JIH'KH AJiHHOH 0,5-2,0 MM.
BOKpyr HHX HeT c(pepOJIHTOBOH KaeMKH. C(pepo.nhTbl OCHOBHOH MaCCbt
IMeIOT paAHaJIbHO-JIy4HCTOe cTpoeHHe; OHH fJIOTHO ConpI1KacaIOTC51 Me)K Ly
co6od HJIH paCCeBHbI cpeuH KpHnTOKpHCTaJIJIH4eCKOH - aJIJIOTpHOMOP4)HOI{
MaCCbI KBapueBO-noJieBOHlnaTOBOro COCTaBa. MCCTaMH Ha6JIloAaIOTC51 c(pepH-
4eCKHe o6pa3OBaHH51, COCTOBLuHe H3 noJIeBorO IIInaTa, npopocwero KBapueMr
yJLJIHHeHHble BpOCTKH KOTOPoro HMe1OT TeHAeHuHIO K paAHaJIbHO-JIy4HCTOMY
pacnoJIO}KeHlllo. B pa3pe3aX, nepneH)jHKYJIBPHbIX BbITBHyTOCTH BPOCTKOS
KBapua, 9TH 06pa3OBaHH51 06Hapy)KHBaIOT THnH4HOe MHKponerMaTHTOBOe
CrpoeHHe. MOIIUIOCTb 200-900 M.
A. Tojiu.[a cnHJIHTOB H AHa6a3OBbIX nOp(UHpMTOB npO-
cJ1e)KHBaeTCB Ha JIeBOM 6epery p. YJIyr-XeM, rAe oxa ciiaraeT IO}KHbIH CKJIOR
6OJIbnIOH rpBAbl, pacnOJIO}KeHHOH Me}KAy xpe6TOM BbepT-,Uar H AOJIHHOit
peKH. fJ10IIIaLb ee pacnpOCTpaHeHHB B nJlaHe HMeeT (4OpMy cJlerKa H30rHy-
TON UJHpOTHO opHeHTHpOBaHHOH JIHH3bI.
TOJILUa npeACTaBJIeHa 4epeAOBaHHeM pa3HO06pa3HbIX 9(f (py3HBOB, JIaBO-
6peK'HN H Ty(JOB. OcaA04Hble nopOJIbI HMeIOT nOaMHHeHHoe 3Ha4eHHe, TaK
KaK COCTaBJIBK)T He 6oiiee 10% OT o6Lued MOLiHOCTH TOJILuH. CpeAH 94X y-
3HBOB OCO6eHHO 60JIbuJylO POJIb Hrpa1OT TeMHble, nO4TH 4epHbie, a(paHHTOBble
nOPOAbI.
B CBex{HX o6pa3uax Ha6JIloAaeTC51 3eJIeHOBaTbIH OTTeHOK, B o6Ha-
)KeHHBX we npeo6JlaJl,alOT 6ypOBaTble HJIH p)KaBble OKpaCKH. 3(4)y3HB-
Hble nOPOAb! Ha OCHOBaHHH MHKpoCKonH4ecKHX HccJIeAOBaHHN H XHMH-
4ecKOro axanH3a (CM. Ta6Ji. 4, rpa(pa 2) cjlejyeT OTHOCHTb K c,nHJIHTaM-
CnHJIHTbl H HX JIeBo6peK4HH npeo6JIaaaIOT B HH}KHed 4aCTH pa3pe3a, B era
BepXHei 4aCTH nO5IBd11eTCB 6oJIbLUOe KOJIH4eCTBO TeMHO-CepblX McJIKO-
KpHCTaJIJIH4eCKHX AHa6a3oBbIX nop(JHpHTOB H BO3paCTaeT 3Ha4eHHe ocaA04-
HbIX nopWL.
HaH60.nee HJHPOKO pacnpOCTpaHeHbl MHKpOJIHTOBble pa3HOCTH CnHJIHTOB-
Z[JIB HHX xapaKTepHo OTCyTCTBHe BKpanJIeHHHKOB. B OCHOBHON rHIIOKpH-
CTaJIJiH4eCKOH MaCce pa3BHTbl O4eHb TOHKHe H AJIHHHble JIenCTbi nJiarHOKJIa3a
(aJlb6HT), 6ecnopcAo4HO pacnoJIO}KeHHble CpeJH paCKpHHCTaJIJ1H3OBaHHOrO
OCHOBHOTO CTeKJIa.
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HbIX nyCTOT, BbInOJIHeHHbIX XJIOpHTOM HJIH KaJIbUHTOM. MHKpOJIHTbl B AJIHHY
He npeBblLIIaIOT 0;08-0,1 MM, OHH HepeAKO BOJIHHCTO H30rHyTbI, pacnoJlo)Ke-
HHe HX 6ecnopRAo4Hoe, XOTB HHOraa OHH H o6pa3ylOT CHOnOBHAHbie, McTeJIb-
4aTbie H paAHaJIbHO-JIy4HCTble CPOCTKH.
1-IpHCyTCTByeT TaK>K pa3HOBHAHOCTb CnHJIHTOB C AHa6a3oBOH CTpyKTY-
pod. AJIb6HT B HHX HMeeT yAJIHHeHHyIO 4)OpMY H AOCTHraeT BeJIH'HHbl 0,5-
1 0 MM Pacno.lox(eHHbIH Mex(Ay KPHCTaJIJIaMH aJib6HTa nHpoKceH npeA-
cTaBJIeH H30MeTPH4HbIMH, nO'TH OKpyrJIbIMH 3epHaMH, BeJIH4HHa KOTOpbIX
3aBHCHT OT CTeneHH paCKpHCTaJIJIH3auHH nOpOAbi.
THnH'Hbie AJ,B CnHJ1HTOB waposble JlaBbi 6bIJIH BCTpe'eHbl TOJIbKO Ha
npaBOM 6epery p. YJlyr-XeM, rAe OHH o6Hax(eHbl B ospare, B 2 ICM K cesepo-
BOCTOKy OT ropbI floinTar. BCB Macca 4epHblX aq)aHHTOBbIX 3("y3HBOB CO-
CTOHT TaM H3 O60006JIeHHbIX He6OJIbLUHX 3JIJIHncoHAaJIbHbIX Ten, HMeIOLUHX
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
MHJ( WITH npaBHJlbxblx IuapoB, HaJleralon ux ,iJpyr Ha ,gpyra. Pa3Mep ulapOB
KoJIe6JleTC5I OT 0,1 ao 0,2 hI B nonepe4HHKe.
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I1OABJIAeTCH HO'TH fOBceMeCTHO, HO oC06eHHO OT4eTJIHBO OHO BbIpa>KeHo
BAOJIb pa3JIOMOB. B HenocpeJ(CTBeHHOH 6JIH30CTH C 30H01i pa3JIOMOB 3nHJ(OT
COBMeCTHO C KBapueM pa3BHT He TOJIbKO B 34)(f y3HBHbIX nOpoijaX, HO H BHy-
TPH OCaaotiHbIX o6pa3oBaHHI3.
KpaCHoropCKan CBHTa. CBOe Ha3BaHHe CBHTa noJIy4HJla no HMeHII
COHKH KpaCHai ropa, rJ(e MO>KHO npocJleJ(HTb ee nOJIHbIki pa3pe3. B3aHMO-
OTHOUIeHHe CBHTbI C 1OACTHJIaIOWHMH 34)(fY3HBHb!MH TOJ1U(aMH HHH{Hero
4aeBOHa Ha6JIloAaeTCH B npei{pacHoM o6Ha>KeHHH B 5,5 ICM K ceBepo-
:ianaAy OT HCTOtIHHKa KyJly3VH. 3JjeCb HaMegaeTCA c.neAyloujHii pa3pe3
(CHH3y).
a. Toj3LIja KpacHo-6ypblx neC4aHnKoB H aJleBpOJIHTOB
3anIeraeT corJlacno H 6e3 cJ1eAoB nepepblBa Ha BYJIKaHOreHHbIX nopo,i[ax OT-
TbIXTa1UCKOli CBHTbI. I1peACTaB.IeHa McJIK03epfHCTbIMH necgaHHKaMH H aJIeB-
pOJIHTaMH, cpej(H KOTOpbIX BCTpe4a1OTC51 OTJjeJIbHble npOCJIOH p03oBaTbIX
Cpe. He3epHHCTbIX H KpynH03epHHCTbIX necgaHHKOB.
B COCTaB necgaHHKOB H aJIeBpOJIHTOB HHOraa BXOAAT pacceHHHble McJI-
KHe rajie4KH (0,5 CM) KpeMHHCTbIX nopoa. CpeAHe3epHHCTble H KPYnH03ep-
HHCTble pa3HOCTH necgaHHKOB o6pa3yloT nJIHTbI TOJIUjHHOIi no 10-20 cm;
1lieJIK03epHHCTble neC4aHHKH B o6Ha>KeHHH pa3J(eJIeHbl Ha OTAeJIbHble Henpa-
B11JIbHbie npH3MO4KH, OPHeHTHPOBaHHble napaJlJleJlbHO CJIOHCTOCTH. BJlaro-
,aap i HM HOpoabi npHO6peTaIOT CBoeo6pa3HbIli > BHJ(.
Ha nOBepXHOCTAX HanJIaCTOBaHHA Xopoulo npocJIe>KHBaIOTC31 CJIe.bi AHa
BoJ oeMa, npeJ[CTaBJIHioiuHe pa3Hoo6pa3Hble 6yrOpKH, JIyHKH H yAJIHHeHHble
l3aJIHKH. CJIOHCTOCTb rOpOg TOHKa5i, npH4eM npeo6JlaJ(aeT nepHCTai H BOJI-
HHCTaA ee pa3HOBHAHOCTH.
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3epHHCTbIX r1eC4aHHKOB. OJ(HOBPeMeHHO nOSIBJIAIOTCA 3HaKH BOJIHOBOH pB6H,
a B OTAeJIbHbIX npoCJIOAX neC4aHHKOB Ha6JIIoAaeTC51 3aKOHOMepHO opHeHTH-
DOBaHHble BAOJfb HanJIaCTOBaHHH 06JIOMKH KpaCHo-6ypbIx aJIeBPOJIHTOB,
B BepXHeIi 4aCTH pa3pe3a OTMegeHO ABa nOKpOBa 3eJIeHOBaTO-cepblx ny3bl-
pHCTbIX n0p(p1IpHTOB C KpynHblMH Ta6JIHT4aTbIMH KPHCTaJIJIaMH nJlarIIOKJIa-
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CTH TOJILLH, a TBK>Ke 113MeHAeTC5i H ee COCTaB. TaK, B BepXOBb5X pe4KH Ba-
PbIK nO54BJ1511OTC51 npOCJIOH CepblX H 3eJIeHOBaTO-cepbIX McJIK03epHHCTbIX
necgaHHKOB H aJieBpOJIHTOB. B BOCTO4HOM x{e H CeBepo-BOCTOIIHOM HanpaB-
JIeHH$iX MOIL(HOCTb TOJIII~H 3aMeTHO yMeHbulaeTCA, a HMeHHO HenoCpeJLCTBeHHO
K ceaepy 0T CO1IKH KpacHas ropa OHa He npeBblulaeT 200-250 M; 3Aecb
B COCTaBe TOJIMH npeo6JiaaaloT cpeJ(He3epHHCTble H KpyfH03epHHCTble pa3-
11OCTH KpaCHO-6ypblx necgaHHKOB, nepeCJlaHBalo1JjHXCA C nJIaCTaMH rp513H0-
3CJIeHbIX Tyq>OB.
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9 3 KM K 1oro-3anaJry OT ropbl. fpeaCTaBJ1eHa OHa TaK>Ke 6ypb1MH H KpaCHO-
6VpbIMH neC4aHHK8MH, MOLUHOCTb KOTOpbIX H3-3a CJIO>KH011 TeKTOHHKH yCTa-
HOBHTb He ylaJIOCb.
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3HBHbIX nopOa, no COCTaBy OTBegalOU(lfX KBapueBb1M KepaTOqHpaM, pa3BHTa
K CeBepy OT ypo4HU(a Ball-By.nyH, rl(e oHa o6pa3yeT oonxy KpacHai Fopa
it pacnoJlo>KeHnbie K 3analy OT Hee rpAJ(bw. Ha npaBOM 6epery p. YJiyr-Xeki
t'Ha Bb1J(eJIAeTC51 B paliOHe rop KyJi6yc-,jaLU H rlolnTar.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
KepaTO(pnpbl, KaK 3T0 BHAHO H3 reonorn4ecKOH KapTbl, He o6pa3ylar
BbIAep)KaHHOFO nOKPOBa H no npOCTHpaHH10 nOJIHOCTbIO BbIKJIHHHBaloTCSI.
3("Y3HBbI paHOxa ypo4HUZa Ball-BynyH OKpaiueHbl B KpaCHOBaTO-Cer-
pbie TOHa. B BbIBeTpeJIOM COC'TOSIHHH nopoAa HMeeT KpaCHO-6ypblf3 HJIH rp513-
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JIeJIenHneAaJlbHble HJIH TOJICTOnJIHT9aTble oTAe.nbHOCTn. HaH6ojiee OT4eTJIHB()
BbipmeHHwi nJIOCKOCTb pa3AeJIa OTAeJIbHOCTeH COBnaAeT CO CJIOHCTOCTbK3
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IHorAa Ha6JIIoAaeTCSi (pJIK)HAaJIbHaSI TeKCTypa, 06yCJIOBJIeHHa5I 4epeAo-
BaHHeM TOHKHX (AO I MM) 6onee TeMHbIX, 06oraIIjeHHbIX OKHCJIaMH }Keaie3a
no.noc c 6o iee CBeTJIbIMH. MHorHe pa3HOBHAHOCTH HMeIOT 6peKtIHeBHAHylo-
TeKCTypy; HepeAKO 3T0 HaCTOSILuHe 6peKLIHH H3 OAHOpOAHbIX no COCTaBy, HO
04eHb pa3JIH4HbIX no BeJIHIIHHe OCTpOyIOJIbHbIX o6JIOMKOB, nJIOTHO npH ie-
raloluHx Apyr K Apyry.
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cpa3y no 2-5 TaKHX Ta6JrHneK.
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CTaMH Ha6n}oaaIOTCH c(pepHneCKne o6pa30BaHH51, COCTOSIBI1He H3 no.neBora
IunaTa, npopocmero KBapueM, y1JIHHeHHb1e BPOCTKH KOTOpOI'O pacnoJla-
ra10TC51 paAHaJibHO-JIy4HCTO.
B BepXHef 4aCTH TOJI11 H BOS1BJIBeTCSI 10-MCTpOBasI na4Ka KOHrJloMepa-
TOB, raJlbKa KOTOPbIX COCTOHT H3 HJIOXO OKaTaHHbIX 06JIOMKOB KBapueBblx
KepaTO4)HPOB, CKpenJIeH;3b1X rpy6blM neC4aHHCTbIM ueMeHTOM. Ha npaBOM
6epery p. YJlyr-XeM, B pafIOHe ropbI Kyn6yc-JJam COCTBB H CTPOeHHe TOJIUU{
3Ha4HTeJIbHO CJIO)KHee. 3anaAHas1 4aCTb ropbi CJIO}KeHa HHTPY3HBHbIMH HOpO-
AaMH, 6JIH3KHMH no COCTaBy K KBapaeBbIM nop(pnpaM, TorAa KaK B BOCTO4-
HOI ee nOJIOBHHe nPHCYTCTByeT 500-700-McTpOBa5i TOJIIua ar.noMepaTOSZ
H KHCJIbIX Ty(pOB, cpeAH MaCCbl KOTOPbIX BbIAEJIBIOTCSI OTAeJibHble nOTOKH
KBapueBbIX KepaTO4)HpOB. O6JIOMKH H rnb16bi, BXOASIIUHe B COCTaB arno-
MEpaTOB H Ty(4OB, HepeAKO ROCTHraIOT pa3Mepa 0,5 M B HOHepe'HHKe. C o-
CTOSIT OHH H3 ny3bIPHCTbIX AHa6a30BbIX nop()HpHTOB, C1HJIHTOB H ocaAo4HbIX.
o6pa3oBaHHA, T. e. B 3HanHTeJIbHOH Mepe H3 nopoA 6onee apeBHHX TOJIIIU,
3(p( y3HBHO-OCaAO4HOrO KOMnJleKca.
B CTOPOHY OT ropbi Kyj16yc-JJam no HPOCTHpaHH10 nopOA Ha6JI10AaeTCA
6bICTPoe BbIKJIHHHBaHHe arnoMepaTOB H nOTOKOB KepaTO4)HpOB, a MOIuHOCTIP-
HX Ty(1OB yMeHbmaeTCSI.
TaKOe pacno io> eHHe BYJIKaHOreHHbIX nOpOA 3aCTaBJIS1eT npeanoJIaraTbr
4TO B pafOHe ropbI Kyn6yc-,jam COXpaHHJIaCb )KepJIOBHHa H KOHYC ApeBHer0,
AeBOHCKoro, ByJIKaHa. HMeHHO C HHM MO)KHO CB5I3aTb orpOMHble CKOnJIeHH%
arJiOMepaTOB H Ty(pOB B HenoCpeACTBeHHOM coceICTBe c HHTpy3HHMId
KBapueBbIX HOp(DHPOB H KynOJIaMH KepaTO4)HpOB, npHneM MaCCHB KBapueBbIX
nop(jHpoB, B03MO}KHO, 51BJIHeTC51 HeKKOM 3TOro ByJIKaHa.
XHMHneCKHe aHaJIH bi nO.Ka3bIBaIOT (Ta6J1. 4), 'T0 no COCTaBy nOpOAbI
MOrYT 6bITb OTHe.CeHbi K KBapueBblM KepaTO4)HpaM.
B. IZeCTPOUBeTHa. TOJIIua rJIHHHCTbIX cnaHueB, Mep-
renefi, aneBPOJIHTOB H necgaHHKOB. HaH6oJIee nOJIHO TOJIIua o6Hax(eHa Ha
neBOM 6epery p. YJlyr-XeM. Ee pa3pe3 MO}KHO BHAeTb H B 6eperosb!X o6Ha-
x{eHHS1X ypO4Hiua KbI3blJl-,a)Kapa H pe4KH BapblK.
B 3anaAH0i3 4aCTH ypo4Hma Bax-BynyH TOnlua npeACTaBneHa 4epeAo-
BaHHeM cepbIX H 3eneHOBBTO-CepbIX FJIHHHCTbIX CnaHueB H Mepreiel3 C MaJIH-
HOBbIMH H KpaCHO-6ypbIMH neC4aHHKaMH H aJIeBPOJIHTaMH. B pa3pe3e BbI-
AenHeTCA 4-6 nOK OBOB KpynHO3epHHCTbIX AHa6a3OBbIX nop(pnpHTOB, npH--
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
lIeM MOIUHOCTb Ka}KJIOro H3 HHX H3Mep$eTCA 5-10 M. HHorAa BCTpe4alOTCH.
4epHble FJIHHHCTble cJIaHUbI, pa3AeJIAIOULHec I Ha He6OJIbIUHe HenpaBHJnbHble
nJIHTO4KH, Ha nOBepXHOCTAX KOTOpbIX npHCyTCTByIOT HJIOXO COXpaHHBUIHeCA
OCTaTKH H OTne4aTKH pacTeHHH.
IIOpOAbI OKpalueHbl B cepbIH UBeT, 06b14H0 TOHKonJIHT4aTbI, o6JlajialoT
napaJlJleJIbHOH HJIH CJIerKa BOJIHHCTOH nOJIOC4aTOCTbIO H COAep)KaT nceBJio-
MOp(IJ03bI HO KaMeHHOH COJIH. B KpaCHOuBeTHbIX necgaHHKax XOpOillO Bbipa-
H{eHa KOCaH CJIOHCTOCTb, a Ha nOBepXHOCTAX HX HanJIaCTOBaHHA 06Hapy}KH-
BaIOTCA BOJIHonpH60HHble 3HaKH.
OCHOBHOH COCTaBHOM 4aCTbIO nectaHHKOB H aJieBpOJIHTOB ABJIgIOTC.I yr-
JIOBaTb1e 3epHa KBapua, nOJIeBblX lunaTOB H 3(p4 y3HBOB; Kp0Me 3THX OCHOB-
HbIX KOMnOHeHTOB, npHCyTCTBYIOT porOBHKH, KpeMHH, rJIHHHCTble CJIaHubi.
VBeJIH4eHHe MOULHOCTH TOJIIUH H CMeHa KpaCHOUBeTHBIX neC4aHHKOB cepo-
UBeTHbIMH aprHJIJIHTaMH H MepreJIHMH np0HCXOAHT K iory H Toro-3anaAy OT
JLOJIHHbI P. YJiyr-XeM, TorAa KaK K cesepy OT p. YJIyr-XeM OTMegaeTCA
n04TH nOJIHOe BbITeCHeHHe cepOLBeTHbIX nOpOA KpaCHOUBeTHbIMH.
HCKonaeMble OCTaTKH q)JIOpbI H q)ayHbI B TOJIULe BCTpe4a1OTCA 4pe3Bbl-
4aHHo peAKO; H. C. 3aiuesy (1955) yAaJiocb oTo6paTb o6pa3ubl nopOJ,
co.iiep}KaLUHe Cnopbl nanopOTHHKOO6pa3HbIX. OHH 6bIJIH B351TbI B 6eperoso i
o6Ha}KeHHH HenocpeACTBeHHO K 3anaiy OT MaCCHBOB KBapuesbIX nop(~HpOB
ropbi Kyji6yc-,iauI. 3Aecb BHAHbI KpyTOnaJialOUZHe Ha BOCTOK CJIOH cepo-
UBeTHbIX H 3eJIeHOBaTOI. BeTHbIX neC4aHHKOB, cpeAH KOTOpbIX BbIJieJIHeTCH
6-MCTpOBaH na4Ka nepeMATbIX 4epnbIX CJIaHiUeB, coAepacaILuix nceBAOMOp-
4)03bl nO KaMeHHOH COJIH. H3 rJIHHHCTbIX CJIaHueB 3TOH na4KH 6bIJIH BbiAe-
neHbl CnOpbI, H3 KOTOpbIX C. H. HayMOBa OnpeAeJIHJIa Lelotriletes perpu-
sillus N a u 'm., L. atavus N a u m., L. devonicus N a u m., Retuso-
triletes simplex N a u m., Stenozonotriletes ornatus N a u m.
XOTH JiaHHaH na4Ka, nO-BHAHMOMy, H OT,ILeJieHa OT OCTaJIbHOH 4aCTH pa3-
pe3a AH3'bIOHKlHBHbIM HapyuleHHeM, TeM He McHee HO CBOeMy nOJ10}KeHHIO
H XapaKTepy pa3pe3a oHa HeCOMHeHHO COOTBeTCTByeT HH}KHeii 4aCTH OHHCbI-
BaeMOH TOJIULH. MoujHOCTb TOJIULH 600.m.
6ai6yJIyHCKasi CBHTa. B 1952 r. 14. B. Ky3HeuoB Ha JieBOM 6epery
p. YJlyr-XeM B pa ioxe ypO4Hlua BaH-ByJIyH npocJieAHJi MOUIHbIH pa3pe3
KpaCHOUBeTHbIX neC4aHHKOB, KOTOpble OH onHCaJI nOA Ha3BaHHeM 6aH6yJiyH-
CKOH TOJIULH. B HaCTOHUiei pa6oTe 3TH KpaCHOUBeTHble nec4aHHKH Bbule
JISIIOTCH B caMOCTOSITeJlbHyIO CBHTy, B COCTaB KOTOPOH BXOJIAT cieuyloiuse
JLBe TOJIIUH:
a. To.nuia KpaCHOUBeTHbIX neC4aHHKOB H aJleBpoJIH-
T,O B, npeACTaBJIeHHa% (paUHaJIbHO HeBbIJiep}KaHHbIMH OAHOO6pa3HbIMH Kpac-
Ho-6ypbiMH McJIK03epHHCTbIMH nec4aHHKaMH aJIeBpOJIHTaMH; cpeAHe3epHH-
CTble H rpy603epHHCTbie pa3HOCTH HMe10T nOJi4HHeHHOe 3HaqeHHe. r1eC4a-
HHKH O6pa3ylOT nJ1HTbI TOJIULHHO1 B 2-10 CM; B HHX XopOUIO npocJle)KH-
BaeTCH CJia6o BbIpa KeHHaH no.nocgaTOCTb H KOCal CJIOHCTOCTb. XapaKTepHOli
OCO6eHHOCTbIO TOJIUIH HBJIHeTCH npHCYTCTBHe OTAeJIbHbIX TeMHO-6ypbIX raJie-
4eK aprHJIJIHTOB H aJieBpOJIHTOB, KOTOpble pacnoJlaraiOTCA no nJIOCKOCTH
HaCJ1oeHHA HJIH o6pa3yIOT MaJIOMOULHble npOCJIOH KOHrJIOMepaTOB. MouL-
HOCTb 600-700 M.
6. ToJIIua KpaCHOUBeTHbIX necgaHHKOB XapaKTepH3yeTC51
OTCYTCTBHeM aJIeBpOJIHTOB H HOABJIeHHeM OTaeJlbH&IX npoc.noeB H JIHH3 rpa-
BeJIHTOB H McJIKOraJIe4HbIX KOHrJIOMepaTOB. r1peo6Ji&JiaiOUiee 3HaleHHe
B pa3pe3e HrpalOT CpeAHe3epHHCTble H rpy603epHHCTbie pa3HOCTH neC4aHH-
KOB. B necgaHHKaX Ha6JIIQAaeTCH cJia6o 3aMeTHwi nojiocgaTOCTb, KOTOpaS1
CBA3aHa c pa3JIH4HeM B HHTeHCHBHOCTH OKpaCKH TOHKHX CJiOeB. HHorAa
OTMe4aeTC51 Komi CJIOHCTOCTB. B COCTaBe neC4aHHKOB COJIep)KHTCH 60JIbmoe'
KOJ1H4eCTBO 3epeH 3(M(~y3HBHb1X, FJIaBHbIM o6pa3OM OCHOBHbIX H cpe.ILHHX
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
TIOpoa. I-aJibxa KOHrJIOMepaTOB H rpaseJIHTOB npegcTaBJlexa B 0CHOBHOM
JIHa6a3aMH H aHa6a3OBbIMH nop()HpHTaMH.
B BepxHen 4aCTH TOJILUH 06Ha}KaeTCH CJIOFi (OKOJIO,1 M no MOILLHOCTH)
N{eJITOBaTO-ceporo cpejLHe3epHHCTOrO neC4aHHKa, co ep)Kall(ero MHOI'OLIHC-
.JIeHHb1e o6yrJIHBIIIHecH OCTaTKH paCTeHHH, cpeAH KOTOpbix A. P. AHaHbeBbIM
6bum onpeaeaexbl cJleuyloLuHe (popMbi: Barinophyton obrutschevii A n a-
n i e v, Psilophyton sp., Hostimella sp. MOMHOCTb TOJIIgH AO
1000 M.
rIo 3anaJLHOH oxpaHHe ypo4HUia Tau-ByJIyH nepexoa OT 6ai6yJIyHCKOn
CBHTbI K BbImeJIe3KanLeH aTBKIUHJIbCKOH IIOCTeneHHbIH, HO y yCTbeB OBpara
4aaHeK, a Taio e no ceBepHOH OKpaHHe Xpe6Ta BbepT-Uar aTaKHIHJIbCKHe
KOHrJIoMepaTbl J1e)1{ T Ha nOJICTHJIa1OIiwx HH)KHeseBOHCKHX o6pa3OBaHH5IX
C 6T4eTJIHBbIM yrJIOBbHM HecorjlacHeM. MCCTHOe HecorjiacHe OTMegaeTcR no
BOCTO4HOMy oKOH4aHHIO KO4eTOBCKOn aHTHK.IIHHaJIH.
ATaKwHJIbCKasi CBHTa COOTBeTCTByeT BepxHeH 4aCTH OAHOHMeHHOn (pop-
MaUHH, KOTOpax 6blJla BnepBbie BbIJLeJIeHa B COCTaBe M. r1. PaqKOBCKHM H noapo6HO onHCaHa B cBOA1.e 3. A. JIe6eAeBOH
(1938). CBoe Ha3BaHHe CBHTa noJIy4HJIa no HMgHH JleBoro npHTOKa p. BHi-
XeMa - p. ATaKIHHJI, rJie MO}KHO npocJleAHTb ee rfOJIHbIH pa3pe3.
ATaKIIIHJIbCKaH CBHTa pacnpocTpaxexa HepaBHOMepHO. MHOro4HCJIeHHble
ee 06HaxceHH5i HMeIOTCs no ceBepHOMy CKJIOHY YIOKCKorO Xpe6Ta. Flo JieBo-
6epe]Kb1o p. YJlyr-XeM oxa oxaHMJIHeT 3anaAHoe nepIiKJIHHaJlbxoe OKOH4a-
HHe K04eTOBCKOii aHTHKJIHHaJIH, a TaK>Ke B BHAe HeuIHpOKOn no.J'IOCbI npOCJle-
-)KHBaeTCH BAOJIb ceBepHoro CKJIOHa Xpe6Ta BbepT-,qar. OTAe.IIbHble ee BbIXO-
Jibl H3BeCTHbI no IOMHOMy CKJIOHy ropbI Kyy-,aar H y yCTb5i OBpara t4aaHeK.
HaH6oJlee XOpOUJO O6HaiKeHHbIH pa3pe3 CBHTbI npoCJle)KHBaeTCSI
B 0,5 KM K BOCTOKy OT K.-,IIO4a Ky.Iy3yH, rAe Ha6J110AaeTC5I CJIeIiylouiHH pa3-
pe3 (CHH3y).
1. I1eC4aHHKH KpaCHo-6ypble cpeAHe3epHHCTble nOJIHMHKTOBble, C 6OJIb-
IIIHM KOJIH4eCTBOM O6JIOMKOB 3q)4)y3HBHbIX H ocaA04HbiX nOpOJ[. OKaTaHHOCTb
3epeH neC4aHHKOB CJIa6asi, COpTHpOBaHHOCTb MaTepHa.la 110 KpynHOCTH 3ep-
Ha H COCTBB3 Bblpa KeHa nJIOXO. CJIOHCTOCTb o6Hapy)KHBaeTCH TOJIbKO Ha
HOBepXHOCTSIX BbIBeTpHBaHHS1. Moan-ioCTb 20 M.
2. KOHrJloMepaT 6ypbin H p}Kaso-6ypblH, COAep)KauiHB JIHH3bI rpaBe.aH-
TOB H rpy6blx necgaHHKOB. ra.IIbKa KOHFJIOMepaTOB H rpaseJIHTOB nJIOXO
OKaTaHa H 06b14HO HMeeT pe3KO yrJIOBaTy10 4opMy. Pa3MepbI raJleK 1-4 CM
B nonepe4HHKe, pe>Ke AOCTHra1OT 10-12 CM. IHpeo6Jla iaiOT o6JIOMKH OCHOB-
HLIX H KHCJIbIX 34X Iy3HBOB, oc06eHHO 4aCTbI nop(pHpHTbI C MHHAaJIeKaMeHHOM
TeKCTypOH, KBapueBble nOp(IHpHTbI H (PeJIb3HT-nOp(pHpHTb1. CopTHpOBaY-
HOCTb fOpOJ[ rpy6asi, CJIOHCTOCTb e.1Ba HaMegaeTCf1. IIeMeHT neC4aHO-H3BeCr-
KOBHCTbIH, CHJIbHO O>KeJIe3HeHHbIn. rpaBeJlHTbi H neC4aHHK HMeIOT HOA4H-
He-HHOe 3Ha'eHHe H 3aJleralOT cpeAH KOHrJIOMepaTOB B (popMe He6oJlbuinx
JIHH3. Koe-rae B BepXHen [OJIOBHHe pa3pe3a nOSIBJISIK)TCSI peAKHe npOCJIOH
nec4aHHCTbIX H3BeCTH5IKOB. MouiHOCTb 200 M.
B YIOKCKOM xpe6Te pa3pe3 94x y3HBHo-oca1(04HorO KOMHJIeKCa HMeeT
CVuieCTBeHHO OTJIHTHOe CTpoeHHe. KOJIH~IeCTBO 344y3HBHbIX nopOA TaM 3a-
McTHO COKpau. eHO, TOHK03epHHCTble OCaAKH OTCyTCTBYIOT, npeo6JlaAa1ouiy1o
POJib Hrpa1OT rpy6006Ji0! 04Hbie 06pa3OBaHHf1.
rlo 3anaJLHOMy? OKOH4aHHIO YK)KCKoro xpe6Ta, B panone ropbI Te6eK
H pe4KH KbI3bIJI-XaK Ha611ioaaeTCfl CJIeAy1OUjHi1 pa3pe3 (CHH3y).
1. OCHOBaHHe 3ip(y3HBHO OCaAO4HOrO KOMrIJIeKCa H ero B3aHMOOTHO-
uieHHe c nOACTHJIa}OUI,HMH nopoAaMH xopOIUO BHAHO B Si Ape allTHKJIHHaiiii,
pacnojio}KeHHOH K Tory OT ropbI Te6eK, rAe Ha (4ayHHCTH4eCKH oxapaKTepH-
,IOBBHHbIX H3BeCTH5RKaX CHJIypa c yrJIOBbIM HeCOFJIBCHeM H KOHrJIOMepaTOM
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
E ocHOBaHHH J[e>KHT TOdluia 3eJlexoBaTO-cepblx JLHa6a3OBbIX nop(MHpHTOB,
KOTOpylo MO)KHO COnOCTaBHTb C CaMOI1 HH)KHeH 4aCTbIO 9("y3HBHbix nopOA
AOJIHHbI p. Y.nyr-XeM. MOIIHOCTb 200 M.
2. Henocpea1CTBeHHO Ha 344y3HBaX 3a.leraloT Kpacxo-6ypble H 6ypble
CpeAHeraJle4Hble KOHrJIOMepaTbl, raJibKa KOTOpbIX COCTOHT H3 nJIOXO OKaTBH-
HbiX nJIOCKHX 06JIOMKOB HOp(~HpHTOB, H3BeCTHHKOB H necgaHHKOB, coaep>Ka-
iu x ()ayny CHJIypa. O6JIOMKH o6bI4H0 opHeHTHpOBaHbI. I'IX 1(JIHHa HepeAKO
AoCTnraeT 20-30 CM, OaHaxo flame npeo6JlaaaIOT 06JIOMKH or 3 Ao 10 cM.
CpeAH KOHrJIOMepaTOB BCTpeHeHO HeCKOJIbKO nOKpOBOB ny3blpHCTbIX AHa6a?
3OBbIX nop4)HpHTOB, Ka)KAbdi H3 KOTOpbIX HMeeT MOIuHOCTb no 5-10 M.
MOIUHOCTb 150 M.
3. flectiaHHKH KpaCHO-6ypble, 1Iepe.yloIuHeC I c npocJIOHMH H JIHH3aMH
KOHrJloMepaTOB H rpaBeJIHTOB. MOLUHOCTb 350 M.
4. KOHr.IOMepa'r KpaCHO-6ypblH, Coaep>Kaui1Ii KpYIIHble (AO 0,5 M B n0-
nepe4HHKe) nJIOXOOKaTaHHble rJIb16bI H3BeCTHBKOB C OCTaTKaMH 4)ayHbi 6pa-
XHOnOA, KopaJIJIOB, KpHHOHAeH H TpHJIO6HTOB CHJIypHHCKOrO Bo3paCTa. 1IpH-
CYTCTBYIOT TaK>Ke 06JIOMKH HH)KHeaeB-OHCKHX JiHa6a3OBbIX nop(MHpHTOB.
MOHLHOCTb 300 M.
OnHcaHHble Bblule rpy6oo6JIOM04Hble nOpOJZbI TpaHCrpeCCHBHO H HeCO-
rJIaCHO nepeKpbIBaIOTCSI OCaAKaMH 3BeHAUieH CBHTbI, 4T0 OCO6eHHO XOp0III0
BHJLHO B BepXOBMIx oBpara Kapa-Cyr no ero JlesoMy 6opTy.
tlo cesepo-3ana LHOM oxpaHHe ypo4Hiua TotJIyr Ha6JIloaaeTCSI HeKOTO-
poe H3MeHeHHe B CTpoeHHH pa3pe3a. 3.i eCb yMeHbulaeTCA KOJIH4eCTBO KOHTJIO-
MepaTOB, nOABJIS!IOTCH KpynHble nOKpOBbI KaK OCHOBHbIX, TaK H KHCJIbIX
3q)4)y3HBOB. HHN{HSISI 4aCTb pa3pe3a o6nxeH MOIjHOCTbIO OKOJIO 1500-2000 M
c.lo>KeHa KpaCHO-6ypbIMH H 3eJIeHbIMH neCUaHHKaMH H rp2BeJiHTaMH, 4epe-
JjyIOHIHMHC$1 C rIOKpOBaMH AHa6a3OBbIx nopq)HpHTOB, H B paHOHe ropbI Te6eK
BbIJieJiHeTCH MOIuHbIH nOTOK KBapueBb1X nop4>iipoB.
BepXHSI1 4aCTb pa3pe3a MOIUHOCTbIO B 750 M ciio)KeHa no npeHMynjeCTBy
Kpacno-6ypbIMH neCyaHHKaMH rpaBeJIHTaMH C OTJiea'IbHbIMH JIHH3aMH CpeAHe-
I'aJIe4HbIX KOHrJioMepaTOB. lIOKpOBbI 344y3HBHbIX nopOA HJIH Ty(mbi BcTpe-
4aloTC51 peAKO.
B BOCTO4HOH 4aCTH YIOKCKoro xpe6Ta pa3pe3 3q)q)y3HBH0-oCaJ10lIHbIX
,O)6pa3oBaHHH HMeeT CXOACTBO C TOJIbKO 4TO OnHCaHHbIM. OH OT4eTJIHBO pa3-
JieJIHeTCH Ha ABe 4aCTH. HH)KHHSI qaCTb CJIo KeHa no npeHMyuiecTBY OCHOB-
HbIMH H KHCJIbIMH 3c 4 y3HBaMH C nOJi4HHeHHbIMH npocJIOHMH ocaJ o4HbIX
nopOJi, BepxHSISI - npeucTaB1exa neC4aH0-KOHrJIOMepaTOBbIMH HaKOnJie-
HHSIMH, Bb11AeJIAeMb1MH B aTaKIIIHJIbCKyIO cBHTy. ATaKUJHJIbCKaSI CBHTa HaH-
60JIee Xopouio npeACTaBJieHa B paiioHe peqeK ATaKIIHJI H YIOK. IIO AaHHbIM
H. C. 3aHuesa H 51. C. 3y6pHJ(HHa (1955), 3Aecb HaMegaeTCH cJieaylOiuHH
pa3pe3.
1. KoHrJIOMepaT KpaCHOBaTO-CepblH C raJIbKOIi, COCTOAUieH H3 3(4(f y3HB-
Hbix nopoji, H3BeCTHSIKOB C HCKOnaeMblMH OCTaTKaMH (payHbI CHJlypa, KBapua, _
KpeMHeH. LfliaMeTp raneK 4-5 CM, BblLH no pa3pe3y HX pa3Mepbl' nOCTe-
IIeHHO yMeHbulaIOTCH. MOIUHOCTb 250-270 At.
2. KpaCHOuBeTHaR TOJIu a H3BeCTKOBHCTbIX nOJIHMHKTOBbIX necgaHHKOB,
epe,H KOTOpbIX npocJie>KHBaJOTCH npOCJIOH TeMHbIX CKpbIT0KpHCTaJIJIH4e-
CKHX rJIHHHCTbIX H3BeCTH5IKOB, TeMH0-3eJieHbIX rJIHH H aJIeBpOJIHTOB, a TaK-
>Ke neC4aHHKOB C oTnegaTKaMH nJIOXO CoxpaHHBrHXCSI paCTeHHIi. B o6pa3ue
TeMHbIX CJIaHueBaTbIx rJIHH, B35ITOM H. C. 3aHueBbIM B 45-50 M OT no-
AOIDBbI CepouBeTHOH TOJIIUH, C. H. HayMOBa o6Hapy)KHJIa CJIeJylOIuHe BHAbI
cnop: Leiotriletes perpusillus N a u m., L. devonicus N a u m., L. atavus
N a u m., Retusotriletes simplex N a u m., Stenozonotriletes ornatus
Naum., T. e. TOT we caMblgi CnOpOBbIH KOMfJIeKC, KOTOpbI% 6biJi npHBeAeH
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
npH onHCaHHH HH)KHe11! 4aCTH KpaCHoropcxori CBHTbI H3 yp. KhI3biJI-
,I)lx(apa. MOIuHOCTb 250-270 m.
3. Pbi}KesaTO-6ypble nOJIHMHKTOBble' H3BeCTKOBHCTbie nec aHHKH, Tiepe=
Ay10ILLHeCR C npOCJIOHMH McJIKOraJIe4HbIX KOHrJIoMepaTOB. MOHjHOCTb?
200-250 M.
06n&ac MO11 HOCTb CBHTbI 700-800 Ai,
Bo3pacT 34x/ y3u6HO-ocadotiHo,o KOMnAekca u conocT.asnetlue
Memdy co6ou oTdeAbKblx MIT
BbIRCHeHHe B03paCTa 3(p(py3HBHO-OCaAOTIHOrO KOMnJIeKCa AO HBCTOH-
IueI'o BpeMeHH npeACTaBJi ieT TPYAHYIO 3aAally, TaK KaK B ero COCTaBe Hari-
AeHO CpaBHHTeJIbHO He60Jibinoe KOJIHYeCTBO HCKOnaeMbIX OCTaTKOB (pJIOpbL
H ()ayHbi. B CBR3H C TeM, WO KOMHJIeKC pacnoaaraeTCR Me3KAy ()ayHHCTH4e-
CKH oxapaKTepH30BaHHbIMH nopoAaMH cHJlypa H )KHBeTCKOI'O Rpyca cpeA-
Hero AeBOHa, ero BO3paCT MO)KeT TpaKTOBaTbCR B LIIHPOKHX npeAe.iax.
Co6paHHbie OCTaTKH (kJlOpbi, a TaK)Ke CIIOpbI nanopOTHHKoO6pa3Hbix.
Aa1OT BO3MO)KHOCTb HeCKOJIbKO 6JIH)Ke noAOriTH K yCTaHOBJIeHHIO B03-
paCTa.
HaH6onee HH3KO paCIIOJIO KeHHble B pa3pe3e HCKOnaeMbie OCTaTKI4.
(pJlopbl o6Hapy}KeHbI npHMepHO B 350 M OT OCHOBaHHR 3(p(py3HBHO-ocaAoII-
Horo KOMnJlexca. OTC1oAa onpeAeneHbi Psilophyton Goldschmidtii H a 11 e,
Taeniocrada dubia K r a u s e t W e y l a n d, Drepanophycus spinaefor -
mis.Goeppert.
Bce TPH BHAa _.B 3anaAtioi3 EBpone, ropHbIx parioaax 3anaAHOri CH
6HpH, B CeBepHOM AJITae, a Taioi e B MHHyCHHCKOH Bna LHHe npiiypoveHbi
K BepXHeii HOJIOBHHe HH}KHer0 AeBOHa. fib MHeHH1o A. P. AHaHbeBa, ()JiOpor
HOCHbie CJIOH MOryT 6bITb C AOCTaTOBHOfI yBepeHHOCTb1O OTHeCeHbI K HH}K-
HeMy AeBOHy H COnOCTaBJIeHbI C 3HreHCKHM RpyCOM 3anaAHoi EBpOnbl (HH3b1
Ko6JIeHIIa).
BbnLue CJIoeB C paCTHTeJIbHbIMH oCTaTKaMH pacnoJlaraeTCR TOJIIUa aJIeB-
POJIHTOB H H3BeCTHHKOB, coaepacaLljaR xopouio coxpaxnsuinecs paKOBHHbI
OCTpaKOA, 6OJIbLIIHHCTBO (pOpM KOTOpbIX, corJiaCHo npej(BapHTei1bHOMy 3a-
KJ11o9eHHI0 E. H. fIoJleHOBoH, XOTR H o6Hapy KHBaeT CXOACTBO CO CpejjHe-
neBOHCKHMH BHAaMH 1FepMaHHH, HO HM He COOTBeTCTByeT, a OAHH BHA- Le-
perditia aff. strigosa K e g e 1- 6JIH3oK x Leperditia salairica P o e t z t
H3 HH)KHeAeBOHCKHX CJIOeB Ky36acca.
A. (D. A6ymmeK Bb1AeJ1HeT TaKHe (fOpMbl OCTpaxoA, KaK Leperditia
cf. altoloides Weller, L. elongata Weller, H3BecTHble B xeJlbAep-
6eprcKHx cJloax AeBOHa Cesepxoit AMepHKH.
B ApyrHX yqaCTKax TyBHHCKOrO nporH6a B03paCT HH30B 3(p()y3HBHO-
ocaAogHOro KOMnJIeKCa MO)KeT 6bITb 60Jiee ApeBHHM. B pafOHe 03epa Ty3-
Tar (K)ro-3anaAHaR TIaCTb TyBHHCKOFO nporH6a) OTMetlaeTCR HOCTeneHHbIH
nepexoA OT (payHHCTHTIeCKH oxapaKTePH30BaHHbIx nopoA cHJ1Ypa K 06pa3O-
Bai(HHM 344y3HBHo-ocaAOTIHOro KOMHJIeKca.
BepOHTHO, B HaH60JIee nPOrHYTbIX yTiaCTKax TyBHHCKOIi BnaAHHbI HH)K-
HRR 9aCTb 3(p(py3HBHO-ocaAOLIHOFO KOMnJIeKCa HMeeT CHJIYPHHCKHri B03paCT
H 3aJieraeT Ha HOACTHJiaK)IIIHX nopoAax 6e3 nepepbis_a H yrJIOBOrO HecorJIa-
CHR.
Oco6b11 HHTepeC npeACTaBJIRIOT HaXOAKH CHOP ApeBHHX IIaIIOpOTHHKO-
o6pa3HbIX, KOTOpbie o6Hapy)KeHbI B parioxe ypoqHllta KbI3bIji-,a}Kapa
B HH)KHeri 9aCTH KpaCHoropCKoi CBHTbI, a Y YCTbH P. YIOK - B cpeAHeri qa-
CTH aTaKIIIHJIbCKOi3 CBHTbI. flo MHeHHIO C. H. HayMOBOri, BO3paCT CJIOeB,
cOAep)Kaimix CHOpbl naHOpoTHHKOo6pa3Hb!X, CJIeAyeT CYHTaTb HH KHe3H-
(peJlbCKHM.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B pacnoJlo)KeHHOH Bb11IIe 4acTH pa3pe3a HcxonaeMble OCTaTKH paCTe-
HHH 6bIJIH CO6paHbl TOJIbKO B BepXaX (5aI36yJIyHCKOH i.BHTbI. OTCioAa
A. P. AHaHbeBb[M 6blJIH onpe.eJleHbl Barinophyton obrutschevii An a-
n i e v, Psilophyton sp., Hostimella sp., oAHaKo AJIR o6ocxoBaHHR
Bo3paCTa BepXHeH 4aCTH 3()4Jy3HBHo-ocaL04Hbix nOpO,i 3THX HaXOAOK CO-
BeplueHHO HeAOCTaTO4HO, XOTR A. P. AHaHbeB H npOBOAHT COnOCTaBJIeHHe
4)JIOPOHCKHX CJIOeB C TOpraIUHHCKOH CBHTOH H3 pa3pe3a OKOJIO r. KpaCHO-
Hpcxa, BO3paCT KOTOPOH onpeAeJiieTCR HM KaK HH)KHeAeBOHCKHH.
Ha OCHOBaHHH CKyAHbIX naJleoHTOJIOrH1lecKHx HaXOAOK B03paCT s(p()y-
3HBHo-ocaaOgHoro KOMnJIeKCa B H3y4eHHOM paiOHe yCTaHaBJIHBaeTCR KaK
I1H)KHHH OTAe.i aeBOHa - 3H(peJIbCKHH Rpyc cpeAHero AeBOHa, npH4eM ca-
Mb1e HH3bI AeBOHCKOH CHCTeMbi OKeAHHCKHH Hpyc) B03MO)KHO OTCYTCTByeT
COBceM. 110-BHAHMOMy, K 9Hq)eJIbCKOMy RPYCY B LLeHTpaJIbHOH TyBe c ieayeT
OTHOCHTb MOLIIHbie TOJIILLH KpaCHOLLBeTHbIX H neCTPOUBeTHbIX nopoA, pacno-
JIO)KeHHbIX Me)KAy HH)KHeAeBOHCKOH OTTbIXTamCKOH CBHTOH H ()ayHHCTH4e-
CKH oxapaKTep113OBaHHbIMH MKHBeTCKHMH OTJIO)KeHHRMH (HJIeMOPOBCKaR
CBHTa H ee aHaJIorH). C HH)KHHM AeBOHOM 3H()eJIbCKHA RpYC CBH3aH nOCTe-
neHHbIM nepexoaoM, a OT )KHBeTCKOrO Hpyca OH HepeAKO OTAe.IeH yrJIOBbIM
HecorJiacHeM HJIH 3aMeTHbIM nepepblBOM B ocaAKOHaKOnJIeHHH.
B paiOHe xpe6Ta Bbepr-uar H B Xpe6Te 3anaaHb1H TaHHy-OJIa 3H-
(~e.JIbCKHe nOpOJ[bl npeACTaBJIeHbi neCTPOILBeTHbIMH H KpaCHOLLBeTHbIMH Mep-
reJIRMH, neCUaHHKaMH H KOHrJIOMepaTaMH, a 3()(py3HBHbie HOPOAbI 3AeCb
HrpaiOT BTOPOCTeneHHY1O poJlb. Ha CeBepe, B Xpe6Te YIOKCKOM, BeCb 39?)eJ1b
cJIoMKeH KpaCHOILBeTHbIMH KOHrJIOMepaTaMH H neCLiaHHKaMH C nOA4HHeH-
HbIMH nOKPOBaMH nopq)HpHTOB B HHMKHe1 4aCTH pa3pe3a.
143 COnOCTaBJIeHHH pa3pe30B 3Oy3HBHO-OCaAO4HOrO KOMnJIeKCa Bbl-
TeKaeT, 4TO B YIOKCKOM xpe6Te B ero CTpoeHHH Ba KH 1o poJib HrpaioT rpy-
6006JIOMO4Hble TeppHreHHbie nopoAbl, Toraa KaK B paHOHe ROJIHHbl P. YJIyr-
XeM npHCYTCTBYIOT 6oJiee TOHKHe ocaAKH, a CpenH 34J(py3HBOB npeo6.na-
iialoT pa3HOBHAHOCTH, 6JIH3KHe K CHHJIHTaM H KepaTOq)HpaM.
1-1oc.11eA0BaTeJIbHOCTb nOPOA B pa3pe3e 1I HaXOAKH chop nanOpOTHHKO-
o6pa3Hblx noKa3b!BalOT, 4TO aTaKLIIHJIbCKaH CBHTa YIOKCKoro xpe6Ta B B03-
PaCTHOM OTHOIIIeHHH COOTBeTCTByeT KpaCHOrOPCKOH H 6aH6yJIyHCKOH CBH-
raM, a B03MOMKHO H 4aCTH OTTbIXTawCKOH CBHTbI JIeBo6epeMKbs p. YJlyr-XeM
(plC. 6). KpaCHOILBerrHble KOHrJloMepaTbl, nOaCTHJIaLoi.uRe B paiOHe yp04HLua
BaH-ByJlyH HJIeMOPOBCKy1O CBHTY )KHBeTCKOrO Rpyca, n0 BCeH BepORTHOCTH,
condCTaBJIRIOTCR C caMOH BepXHeH 4aCTb1O aTaKWHJIbCKOH CBHTbI YIOKCKOrO
xpe6Ta.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, K iOry H IOPO-3ana.y OT YIOKCKoro xpe6Ta rpy6oo6JI0-
MO'HaH aTaKHIHJIbCKaR CBHTa 04eHb 6bICTpO 3aMeIuaeTCR 6o.iee TOHKHM}t
OCaAKaMH (KpaCHOrOpCKaR H 6ai6yJIyHCKaH CBHTbI). Em e AaJiee K ioro-
3anaAy, B xpe6Te 3anaaH1 TaHHy-O.na, B COCTaBe 3KBHBaJIeHTHbIX eft o6pa-
3OBaHHH nORBJIRIOTCR H3BeCTH51KH C THnH'HOH MOPCKOH 3H(1eJIbCKOH i~ayHOH.
TaKHe pe3KHe H3MeHeHHR B COCTaBe OTJ1o)KeHHH nPOH3OI1JIH B CBH39
CO CBOeo6pa3HOH HCTOPHei pa3BHTHR LLeHTpaJIbHOH 4aCTH TyBHHCKoro npO-
r116a B AeBOHCKOM nepHO.lje.
?B nocjieAHee BpeMR nORBHJIHCb CXeMbi CTpaTHrpa4)H4eCKOro paC4JIeHe-
HH51 3(xIJy3HBH0-ocaao4Horo KOMnJ1eKCa aeBOHa UeHTpaJIbHOH TyBbI, npeA-
JIO)KeHHble H. M. BapeHLLOBbIM (1956), R. C. 3y6pHJIHHbIM, A. M. JIeBeHKO-
1'13 Ta6Jl. 2, nOKa3bIBa1OLLLei COOTHOn1eHHe AaHHbIX CXeM Co CXeMOH, npeA-
JldraeMoi aBTOpOM, BHAHO, 4TO OCHOBHble pa3JIH'HR 3aKJIIO4aIOTCR B TpaK-
TOBKe rpaHHLI McKay HH)KHHM H CpeAHHM aeBOHOM, a TaKMKe Me)Kay 3H-
(f eJibCKHM H )KHBeTCKHM RpycaMH.
FpaHHlla Me)KAy CpeAHHM H BepXHHM aeBOHOM B UeHTpaJIbHOH TyBe
11. M. BapeHlLoBbIM, 3q. C. 3Y6pHJIHHEJM H A. 14. JIeBeHKO npOBOAHTCR nQ
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Xp. Yfonrcr(uu
20ph1
A(-Taz
V V V
V V
!VP. KbI3n117-QWapa
cschv
PHc. 6. CXeMa COHOCTaBIIeHHH j[eBOHCKHX OTJIO}KeHHN geHTpanbHoi 9aCTH
TyBHHCKOro nporH6a:
I - xoHrAOMepaTM H rpaaeAHTN; 2 - 4epej08aHHe xOHrAOMepaTOB H necgaHHKOB; 3 - necvaHHKH
C npoCAOHMH x0HrAoMepaTOB; 4 - aaeapoAHTM H aprHAAHTM; 5 - aprHAAHTbI H MepreAH; 6 - H3-
BeCTJiaKH H MeprenH c npOCA08MH necgaHHKOB; 7 -'4epeaoBaHHe H3eeCTHgKOB H MepreAefl
C nOKpOBaMH a(p4)Y3HnoB; 8 - OCHOBHMe H CpeAHHe 34)(py3HBW; 9 - KHCAble 94)4)y3HBM; 10 - AaBO-
6peK4HH, CnHAHTbI, fOp4)HpHTM
KA. xy iyaji
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Mepe no5lBJIeHHH necTpOUBeTHbIX Hopoa, coJLep)KaLUHX pe.RKHe noTOKH nop'-
(mHpHTOB, npHUeM JLOBOJIbHO MOIUHYIO HK)KeJIe)KaWY10 TOJ1Wy KpaCHOUBeT-
HbIX IlectlaHHKOB H HaxoARIUHeCH B Held KBapueBble aJlb6HT04)Hpbl yKa3aH-
Hble uccJIeAOBaTeJIH OTHOC51T K HH)KHeMy AeBOHy.
OAHaKO 6oJiee ueJlecoo6pa3HO K OCHOBaHHio cpeAHero AeBOHa OTHO-
CHTb H TOJIIIIY KpaCHOILBeTHbix neC4aHHKOB, OCHOBbIBaMCb Ha TOM, LITO C Hee
co6CTBeHHO HagHHaeTCM MO1uHa5I cePHM OTJIO)KeHHH, rae OCHOBHYIO pOJlb
HrpalOT nopOAbI ocaaoLIHOro npOHCXO)KaeHHSi, a BYJIKaHOreHHble o6pa3oBa-
HH5I HMeIOT y)KC BTOpOCTeneHHoe 3HaqeHHe. npaBAa, B paI30He ypoexuia
F)afi-ByJIyH Me)Kay TOJIHIek KpaCHOIIBeTHbIX necllaHHKOB H BbILIIeJIe}KauuHMH
neCTpOUBeTHbIMH o6pa3OBaHH5IMH OTMeueHbl MOIUHble nOTOKH KBapueBblX
aJIb6HTO(THPOB, KOTOpble KaK 6bI 060006JISIIOT TOJIHZy neCLIaHHKOB, HO B 3a-
naJLHOM HanpaBJIeHHH nOTOKH aJIb6HTO(mHPOB HCLIe3aloT H TaM KpaCHouBeT-
HaM TOJIHZa COCTaBJISIeT C BbI meJIe KaLuHMH neCTPOUBeTHbIMH nopoaaMH eAH-
Hoe ueJloe.
CJleayeT TaK)Ke OTMeTHTb, LiTO B paYIOHe ypo'IHIILa Kb13bIJ1-,a)Kapa
B rju4HHCTbIX nopo ax, 3aJlera}OIUHX BHyTpH 9(()4)y3HBOB, o6Hapy)KeHbl cnopbi
9i1(beJIbCKOrO BO3paCTa (3aiiueB, 1955), LITO nOAKpenJIMeT npeaCTaBJIe-
HHe 06 3ii(~eJIbCKOM B03paCTe aJlb6HT04)HPOB H pacnoJlo)KeHHOFI pSAOM
KpaCHOUBeTHOH TOJIIIIH nechlaHHKOB.
He.nb3M corJIaCHTbCM C npOBeaeHHeM rpaHHubl Me)Kay 3FI(1eJIbcKHM H
)KHBeTCKHM MpycaMH no nOAOInse KpaCHOUBeTHbIX KOHrJIOMepaTOB, nOACTH-
JIaIOLUHX (4ayHHCTHLIeCKH oxapaKTePH30BaHHYIO HJIeMOpOBCKYK) CBHTy.
HeKOTOpble reo.norH ' (CM. Ta6JI. 2) CLIHTaloT, HanpHMep, 9TH KOHrJIOMe-
paTbl 6a3aJlbHblMH aJIM )KHBeTCKOrO Mpyca Ha TOM OCHOBaHHH, LITO B pa%OHe
OBpara LlaaxeK OHH HOACTHJIaIOT HJIeMOpOBCKYIO CBHTy H B CBOIO ouepeJ1h
3aJleralOT HecorJlaCHO Ha HH)KHeaeBOHCKHX 34l41y3HBaX. OAHaKO 3TO HecO-
rnacxe HOCHT y3KO JIOKaJIbHbIH xapaKTep H npllypOLleHO K nepH(pepHLIeCKHM
VqaCTKam KaM Hecor.1IacHe 6bICTpO HCLIe3aeT H KOHrJIOMepaTbl BHH3pnoHpa3pe3yano-
i
CTeneHHO cMeHMIOTCM rpaseJiHTaMH, a 3aTeM H KpaCHOUBeTHbIMH necLlaHH-
KaMH 6ai6yJIyHCKOH CBHTbI. TaKHM o6pa3OM, KOHrJIOMepaTbI He ABJIMIOTCH
6a3aJIbHbIMH, a HX BO3HHKHOBeHHe CB513aHO C pa3pynleHHeM aJIHTeJlbHO pa3-
BHBaIOIUHXCM BHyTpeHHHX nOAHMTHH BnaaHHbl.
MOllmHOCTb H npOAOJI)KHTeJIbHOCT'b (4OPMHpOBaHHM KpaCHOUBeTHbIX KOH-
rJloMepaTOB 3aBHCHT OT HX CTpyKTypHoro nOJIO)KeHHM. B OAHHX y'IaCTKaX
(HanpHMep, B pakone ypo'HHIa Bak-ByJ1yH) OHH CJiaralOT TOJIbKO BepxHlolo,
LIaCTb ak(peJlbCKOrO Mpyca, B ApyrHx yLIaCTKax (xpe6eT YIOKCKHF) - BeCb
3i1c)eJ1bCKHH Mpyc, a OTLIaCTH 11 HH)KHHH JIeBOH. 3TO J IHWHHH Ha)KHBeTOMKH no, IP
BaeT HepeaJlbHOCTb yCTaHGBJIeHHM rpaHHubl Me)K Ly `i'
noaolllBe KOHrJloMepaTOB TaK Ha3bIBaeMOH KyJly3yHCKOk CBHTbI.
flpaBAa, y HaC nOKa HeAOCTaTOLIHO aaHHbIX, LIT06b1 C HOJIHOk ysepeHHO
CTbIO rOBOpHTb O nOJlo)KeHHH HH)KHe1 rpaHHubl )KHBeTCKOrO Mpyca, HO npH
COBpeMeHHOM COCTOMHHH H3yuIeHHOCTH TYBbw ee y'i a POBOJLHblx no nO IX.
uiBe HJIeMOPOBCKOH CBHTbI, TaK KaK HeT Apyriix AaHHb
3Ta rpaHHUa B TyBe Bblpa)KeHa nOBceMeCTHO BeCbMa OTLIeTJIHBO H not7,LIep-
KHBaeTCH cMeHOi naJleOreOrpa(JH9eCKHX yCJIOBHI nepeJL Ha'IaJIOM HaKonJie-
HHM nOpOA HJIeMOpOBCKOH CBHTbI. 3Ta CMeHa npOH3ouIJIa He TOJIbKO B TyBe,.
HO H B cOceAHHX YCHHCKOI, a OTLIaCTH H MHHyCHHCKOH BnH lax K OCH -
BaHHIO CBHTbI npnypouexo TaK)Ke yrJ1OBOe HecorJlacHe, pacrIPOCTpaHeHHO
ILOBOJIbHO WHPOKO.
B pakoxe ypo'HHLa Bak-ByJ1yH, C Haluek TOLIKH 3peHHM, HeT Haao6Ho-
aO
CTH BbIA 4B Ki. CKopee KOHrJlOMepaTbl BepxneH LICTH
YIO CTPaTHrPa~Hlo aeBOHa TyBb
H
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
9("Y3HBHO-oca,Ao4HOr0 KOMlIaeKca Hy}KHO OTHeCTH K aTaKLHHJIbCKO1rI CBHTe,
no npH 3TOM HCO6XOJjHMO OTMeTHTb, "To ee B03paCTHON aHana30H B paiOHC
Ypo4HLI[a Bali-BYnyH McHbnle, 4eM B pafioHe YIOKCKoro xpe6Ta.
KpaTKasz xapaKTepucruKa MaemaruuecKUX o6pa3oeaHua
B CTPoeHHH pa3pe3a 9y4Y3HBHO-ocaaogHOrO KOMnJIeKca Ba}KHyIO pOJIb
HrpaloT KaK OCHOBHble, TaK H KHCJIbie 3(p(py3HBbI. B ero HH}KHef 4aCTH npe-
o6JIaJ[aIOT )xHa6a30Bbie IIOp(mHpHTbl, B CpeJHeI3 - HOSiBJIHIOTCSI MOILLHbJC
TOJILL H, 6JIH3KHe no COCTaBy K CIIHJIHTaM H KBBPLjeBbIM KepaTO(pHpaM. Ca-
Mble BepxH pa3pe3a CJiOx{eHbi npeHMyweCTBCHHO ocaaogHbIMH nopo,1 aMH,
CpejjH KOTOpbIX IlOKpOBbI OCHOBHbIX H CpeJ[HI1x 3fp(PY3HBOB HMeJOT nOJj4HHeH-
Hoe 3HageHHe.
OCHOBHble 9(p(py3HBbI, KaK npaBHJIO, o6pa3yIoT nOKpOBbl; aJI51 KHCJIbIX
34y3HBOB XapaKTepHbl KpynHble KynOJia. Ty(pbi OCHOBHbIX nopo,z HMeIOT
HH4T0}KHOe paCnpOCTpaHeHHe, TOr)ja KaK KHCJlble Ty(pbI pa3BHTbI 04eHb
HIHpoKO.
MHOFOgHcJieHHble AaI3KH AHa6a30B, HO-BHJ[HMOMy, OT4aCTH ABJIAIOTCH
KOpHSIMH OCHOBHbIX 9(p(py3HBOB, TaK KaK no CBOeMy MHHepaJlorH4eCKOMy CO-
CTaBy H CTpyKType I0poJjbI JtaeK O4eHb MaJlo 0TJ1H4a[OTC31 OT IIOKPOBOB JIHa-
6a3OBblx nOp(pHpHTOB.
He6oJlbuJHe HHTpy3HH KBapL[eBbIX HOP(pHpOB, KaK 3T0 Ha6JIto.z aeTCf1
13 paHoHe rOpbl Ky.i6yc-,aaw, BepOSITHO, HBJIgIOTCH HeKKaMH JLeBOHCKOrO
BVJIKaHa. 3TH HHTpy3HH no CBoeMy XHMH4eCKOMy COCTaBy 6JIH3KH K pa3BH-
TbIM no cocejxCTBy KepaTO()HpaM (CM. Ta6JI. 4, rpa(pa 5). 143JIHSIHHH 3AeCb,
BepOSITHO, fPOHCXOJIHJIH 4epe3 BYJIKaHH4eCKHe annapaTbl UeHTpaJlbHorO TH-
na, BOKpyr KOTOpbIX HaKOnJISIJIOCb 6OJIbwoe KOJIH4eCTB0 TY(pOB H arJloMe-
paTOB.
HHTepeceH (paKT O6Hapy}KeHH5I 344y3HBHbIX nopoJj, KOTOpbJe no CBoeMy
COCTaBy H CTpyKType 6JIH3KO CTOSIT K THnHgHbIM CIIHJIHTaM H KepaTO(plipaM.
BnepBble Ha perHOHaJIbHyio aJIb6HTH3aLjHK) JUla6a30B H nop(cHpHTOB JjeBOHa
IJeHTpaJIbHOH TyBbu 06paTHJIH BHHMaHHe M. A. Porapaui H A. A. LIyMaKOB
(1955), KOTOpble BbIJjeJIHJIH BCe 9(p(pY3HBHble o6pa3oBaHHS1 B CBHJIHTOByIo
(p0pMaLLHIO. B . aJIbHeIIweM HaM yjjaJToch yCTaHOBHTb LHHpoKoe pa3BHTHe
KepaTO(gHpOB. O1U1aKO, ejjBa JIH MO)KHO rOBOpHTb 0 THnHgHOFl CnHJIHTOBO-Ke-
paTO(pHPoBON (poPMaIjHH, TaK KaK JWISI ee Bb1jjeJIeHHSI Tpe6YeTC5I He TOJIbKO
HpHCYTCTBHe CnHJIHTOB H KepaTO(pgpOB, HO H HaJIHgHe LHHpOKO pa3BHTbIX
IIIapOBbIX JIaB,' KpeMHHCTMX H CJIaHLjeBbIX nOpOJj.
B HaCTOS1L[jee BpeMSI CLHTaeTCs, 4TO CnHJIHTOBO-KepaTO(pHpOBasI (pop-
MaLIHH XapaKTepH3yeT Ha4aJIbHbie CTa)IHH pa3BHTH51 re0CHHKJIHHaJIeii H ()oP-
MHpyeTCSI B MOPCKHX YCJIOBHSIX Ha gHe MopeR rJIy6HHOI7 B HCCKOJIbKO COTeH
MCTpOB.
B TYBHHCKOM nporH6e B cpe,i[HeM H BepXHeM najleO3oe THFH4Hble reo-
CIIHKJIHHaJIbHbJe YCJIOBHSi yx{e OTCYTCTBOBaJIH; JjeBOHCKoe BpeMs SIBJISIJIOCb
BpeMeHeM OTMHpaHHA reocHHKJIHHa.IH, KOrJLa (f OpMHpOBaHHe 3(p4y3HBHO-
()CaJjO4HbIX TOJIIQ npOHCXOJjHJIO 4aCTbfO B Herdly6OKHX H 3aCOJIOHCHHbIX Jlary-
Iiax, 4aCTbIO B Ha3eMHbIX YCJIOBHSIX.
14CXOJ[SI H3 Bcero CKa3aHHoro, nO-BH)IHMOMy, HeT OCHOBaHHU OTHOCHTb
JjeBOHCKHe 9(p[pY3HBHble TOJILUH K THnHgHOI3 CnHJIHTOBO-KepaTO(gHPOBOI3 ()op-
AMaUHH, XOTH AJISi HHX H XapaKTepHbl HeKOTOpbie ee CBOFICTBa.
)KueeTCKU[t ripyc
COCTaBe >KHBeTCKoro spyca BbIAeJIHIOTCSI ABe CBHTbI: HH)KHSISI - HJIe-
MOpOBcKaSI H BepXHSiH - yloKCKaSI.
HJIeMOPOBCKa9 CBRTa. B 1920 r. B HH30BbJX p. BHFi-XeM H. H. Pa4-
KOBCKHFI BbiaeJIHJI YCTb-yIOKCKyIO (popMagHIO, BXOJ[snjylo B COCTBB 6HFl-XeM-
38
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
IcKOro KoMnJlexca. B 1950 r. B. C. MenelueHKO cOnOCTaBMJI HH)KHIOIO gacTb
yCTb-yloKCKOH cpopMaUHH C x.neMopOBCKOI3 CBMTOH Lora MMH,t HHCKOH Bna
1[xxbl. eX(e JIHJIOBbIMx
3Ta cawTa cJlo)Kexa 3eJIexOBaTO CepblMM, CepbIMH, p
McJIK03epHHCTbIMM H cpe.1We3epHHCTbIMH neCgiaHHKaMH H ajieBpOJIHTaMH
C noAq}HeHHbIMH npOCJIOHMH CepbIX H TeMHO-cepbLX aprHJIJIHTOB, MepreJleF a
M3BeCTHHKOB. B necgaHHKax IIIHpOKO pa3BHTa KOCaH CJIOHCTOCTb, BOJIHO-
npH60HHbie 3HaKH H pa3H006pa3Hbie CJIeubl AHa BOAoeMIa. B nopOAaX BCTpe-
t1aloTC51 MHorom4cJIeHHble OCTaTKH Phyllopoda, Cirripedia, KHCTenepbix ii
naHUbipHbIX p'b16, paCTeHMH, pee paKOBHHbI JIHHIyJI x 6paxxonoA.
Ha noAcTHJlalo1uHx nopouax x.neMOPOBCKaH CBHTa HepeAKO 3a.neraeT
C OTxieTJIHBO Bblpa}KeHHMM yrJIOBbIM HecorJlacxeM.
OTJIO}KeHHH HJIeMOpOBCKOH CBHTbI pacnpOCTPaHeHbI no 06o0M 6opTaM
IoBpara JIesbii Kapa-Cyr, K ceBepy OT ropbi noulTar, a TaK)K no cKJIOHaM
YIOKCK0r0 xpe6Ta.
H'a JIeBOM 6epery p. YJlyr-XeM o.neMOpOBCKYIO CBHTy no JIxTOJ1Orxqe-
CKHM IIpH3HaKaM TpyAHO BbIAeJIHTb x3 eLHHOH cepOUBeTHOH nectlaHO-aprHJl-
JIHTOBOH cepHH, COOTBeTCTByIOlueiI no B03paCTy BceMy X(HBeTCKOMy Hpycy.
'1-103TOMy pa3pe3bl B ropax BbepT-,Rar H COOTBeTCTByloll[Me conOCTa-BJIeH0H
6yAyT npnBeAeHbl nocjie OnxcaHHH )KHBeTCKHX oTJ[o)KeHHH no npaBOMy 6e-
pery p. YJiyr-XeM H B PaiOHe YIOKCKOro xpe6Ta.
I-1OJIHbIH pa3pe3 HJIeMOpOBCKOH CBHTbI HaXOAHTCH B6JIH3H ypo`lH aHB o-
3b1JI-Jb Kapa, rAe npoMePHO B I KM K ceBepy OT ropbl noIIITar Ha a44y
?oca,z o gHbIx nopoaax HH)KHerO Ae0Oxa TpaxcrpeccHBHo x c pe3KI4M yrJIOBbIM
HecorJlacxeM 3aJleraloT MOU[Hbie cepOLBeTHble oTJIo)Kex051, AJIH KOTOpbIX xa-
paKTepeH c.ieay1OU1HH pa3pe3 (CHH3y).
1. nec iaHMKH cepbie cpeAHe3ePHMCTb1e KBapueBo--no 2C OAIn TTAOeB~ e
CHJIbHO H3BeCTKOBHCTble, AxaroHaJIbHO-CJIOHCTble, gepegy Ilt
P C O
raJlbKa KOHrJlOMepaTOBCOCTOHT 03CJIa6o OKaTaHHbIX o6JIOMKOB KBapua it
P030Boro nOJieBOro InnaTa. MoluHoCTb 1-1,2 M McJiKO3ePHMCTble,
2. neC4aHHKH 3eJieHoBaTO-cepble, cepb[e, p030B2Tb1e
nepecJlaHBaIOIUHeCH C TeMHO-3eJIeHbIMH ajieBpOJIHTaMo H aprlJIJIHTaMH. Pe we
nCTpeglalOTCH OTAeJibHble npocnoH ilepxbIX H3BeCTHHKOB. necllaHlKM o6-
pa3yloT nJIaCTbI no 0,5-1,0 M, B KOTOpbIX XOpoinO Bblpa KeHa TOHKa5 KocaH
('JIOMCTOCTb. McJIKO3ePHHCTbie pa3HOCTH necgaHHKOB x aJIeBPOJIHTOB OTJIH-
gWOTCH rOpH30HTaJIbHOH TOHKOH CJIOHCTOCTbJO. IlecgaHMKM COCTOHT x3 3 peH
KBapua, no.nesoro ulnaTa, TeMHOUBeTHbIX MHHepaJIOB H O6JIOMKOB 344)y
HbIX nopoa; ueMeHT Kap60HaTHbIA, rJ1MH14CTO-Kap6OHaTHbIH HJIH )KeJle3H-
CTbIH.
AproJIJIHTbI o6pa3yloT npocJiox no 0,3-0,5 M H BcTpexialOTCH npeMMy-
u1eCTseHHO B HH)KHeH tiaCTH pa3pe3a.,npx BbIBeTPHBaHHH OHM paccbinaloTCH
Ha McJIKxe OCTpoyroJIbHble 06JIOMKM. I'I3BeCTH51KH npoCJIe)KMBaIOTCH B BoAe
MaJIOMOIUHblx n.IaCTOB no 0,1=0,4 At, KOTOpble, OAHaKO, He BbIAep)KMBaIOTCH
Ha 60JIbWHX paCCTOHHHHX. OHM XapaKTePM3YIOTC51 CKpbITOKpoCTaJiJiHqeCKOH
CTpYKTYPOH, a B HX COCTaBe HMeeTCH npoMecb rJIHHHCTbIX gaCToU H opraHli-
geCKOro BelueCTBa. fIpo pacKaJlbIBaHHx M3BeCTHBKH H3AaIOT HenpHHTHbIH
rHIIJIOCTHbIH 3anax. bHTyMHHOJ1orxiieCKMe aHaJIH3bI (A. 14. JIeBeHKO H AP.)
nOKa3aJio B HOX coaep}KaHMe 6MTYMOB He4)THHOrO PHAa. B ?-prHJIJIMTax H
aJIeBpOJIHTaX BCTpetteHO TP0 rOPM3OHTa, coAep Ka1UMX OCTaTKH Phyllopoda.
fepBbIH M3 HHX o6Hapy}KeH Ha paCCTOHHHH 30 M OT OCHOBaHHA Eu~eM3
Hal 1HX c6opOB onpegenexbl: Ulugkemia sajanensis N a o j, E e a v r a
tuvaensis N a v o j., Pseudestheria extrema N a v o j., plicata o J.
.sCensis Novo]., c U1 o bobrovi Novo], a Euestheria~consummatamNo-
30
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
vol., Pseudestheria tuvincorum No v o j., Ulugkemia obruchevij
N o v o?j.
B necgaHHKax H aJlespo.nHTax coAepxcaTCSi MHorogHcJleHHble nJioxo co-
xpaHHBwHeCSI paCTHTeJIbHble OCTaTKH. B H3BeCTH59KaX H aprHJIJIHTaX Haii-
Aexbi tleulyH pb16 Osteoleptdae sp. ind. H Palaeniscoidae cf. Moythomasi(a
(onp. A. B. O6pytlesa). MO11 HOCTb 120 M.
3; rlectlaHHKH p030BaTO-cepbie, 3eJlexosaTO-cepbie, KpacHO-6ypble cpeA-
He3epHHCTble H McJIK03epHHCTbie, HOJIHMHKTOBble, TOHKOnjIHTgaTble. 11poc.noH
H3BeCTHSIKOB H aprHJIJIHTOB BCTpet}aIOTCS} peAKO. B necgaHHKax o6Hapy KeHbl
lleluyH pb16. MOIUHOCTb 50 M.
4. rlecuaHHKH JIHJIOBble H TeMHO-3ejIeHble McJIK03epHHCTble H cpeAHe-
3epHHCTble c rIPOCJIOSIMH TeMHO-cepbix aJIeBpOJIHTOB, B KOTOpbIX coaepMCaTC51
06HJIbHble OCTa rKH Phyllopoda, onpeAeJleHHbie KaK Pseudestheria pog-
rebovi (L i t k.) Ps. follax N o v o j., Ps. tuvincorum N o v o j., Asmussia
covexdorsum Nov o j., Sphaerestheria celsa Nov o J. MOWHOCTb 40-60 m-
B 3anaAHOM HanpaBJIeHHH Ha6JnoAaeTC51 HeKOTOpoe H3MeHeHHe B CTpOe-
HHH CBHTbI. B paHOHe OBpara JIeBbIH Kapa-Cyr B ee COCTaBe IIOHBJI$IK)TC51
nopOAbl, OKpauIeHHble B KpaCHble TOHa. OCO6eHH0 XapaKTepHbl cyprytlHO-
KpaCHble aJIeBpOJIHTbI H aprHJIJIHTbI, npHAaIOH(He o6HaxceHHHM neCTpblA BHA,
B OCHOBaHHH CBHTbI npocJIeM{HBaeTCSl 0,5-McTpoBbIN nJIaCT tlepHoro ne-
.nHTOMOp(jlHOro H3BeCTH3IKa, cOAep)Kan ero McJIKHe (0,5-1,0 CAI B nonepev-
HHKe)- raJlbxll KBapua, IIOJIeBOro mnaTa H KpeMHSI. McCTaMH OHH CKOnJISIIOTCS},
H o6pa3ylOT JIHH3bI KOHTJloMepaTa. 3TOT nJIaCT H3BeCTH5IKa XapaKTepeH AJI51
OCHOBaHHH CBHTbI H npocJieM(HBaeTCSI Ha paCCTOSIH}lH HeCKOJIbKHX aecHTKOM
KHJIOMeTp0B.
B 3aJleralou nx BbIIlIe neCTpoljBeTHbIX aJIeBpOJIHTaX H aprHJIJIHTax COB-
McCTHO C OCTaTKaMH JIHCTOHOrIIX O6HapyM(eHa, no onpeAeneHH)o E. H. HBa-
HOBOR, CTBOpxa Spiriferidae.
r 1o ceBepHOMy CKJIOHy ropbI BOA-,Uar (paliOH pe4KH BapbIK) Ha6JIlo
AaeTCSI pe3KO coKpan. eHHbIIi pa3pe3 HJIeMOpOBCKON CBHTbI. OH npeACTaBJieH
KpaCHOUBeTHbIM}I necgaHHKaMH H a.IeBpOJIHTaMH.
1. Ha nopoAax HH}KHero KeM6pxx pe3KO Hecor.naCHO 3aJleraeT TeMHO-
cepbni nJIaCT MHKpo3epHHcTOro H3BeCTHHKa, coAepxcaujero McJIKHe raJlbKil
KBapua, KpeMHSI H CJIaHI(eB. BbIlle H3BeCTHSIK- nepexoAHT B rpaBeJIHTbI C 4ep
HbIM H3BeCTKOBHCTbIM IjeMeHTOM. MOLUHOCTb 2-4 M.
2. 3enneHOBaTO-cepa5i 6peKgH3q, COCTOSIIIja51 H3 o6JIOMKOB KBapua, p030-
Boro no.neBoro wnaTa H xaJIIjeAOHa. O6JIOMKH npo4HO CKpenJleHbl 3eJIeHO
BBTbIM Kap60HaTHO-rJIHHHCTbIM I(eMeHTOM. MOHjHOCTb 0,5 M.
3. rlectlaHHKH KpaCHble, p030Bbie, KpaCHo-6ypble, peace 3e.neHble, tiepe-
1(yK1I1(HecSI C aJIeBpOJIHTaMH H aprHJIJIHTaMH TaKO}i M(e OKpaCKH. KpynHO-
3epHHCTbie pa3HOCTH necliaHHKOB HMeIOT HOfLIHHeHHOe 3HatleH4e. I-IecgaHHKH
COCTOSIT H3 nOJIyOKaTaHHbIX 3epeH KBapua, no.neBOTO IlnaTa, KpeMHH H
oCIIOBHbiX 3()(#)yT3HBOB. 3epHa CHJIbHO KOppOAHpOBaHbl H j!OKpblTbl x(eJIe3H-
CTOii nJIeHKOH. LJeMeHT Kap60HaTHJ HJIH )KeJIe3HCTO-rJIHHHCTbIN. MouuHOCTi,
105 M.
061ua5I MOWHOCTb HJIeMopOBCKOR CBHTbI 110 M.
pe3IIo IO}KHOMy CKJIOHy rOpbl Kyy-,Lar Ha6JIK)AaeTCSI HecKOJIbKO HHO 1 pa3-
.
1. Ha KpacHouBeTHbix aTaKIIIHJIbcKHx KOHrJloMepaTax 3ajleraeT na4Ka
McJIKoraJle4HbIX KOHTJIOMepaTOB, OKpalneHHbIX B cepbi H 3e.IeHOBaTO-cepbiii
I(BeT. raJIbKH KOHrJIOMepaTa COCTOSIT H3 KBapua H KpeMH51, pee OCHOBHbIx
H KHCJIbIX 34)(~y3HBOB, cepbix H3BeCTH5IKOB H nec aHHKOB. Pa3Mepbl raJIeK I-
4 cM B nonepetlHHKe. OKaTaHHOCTb njioxa5i HJIH cpeJ(HSISI. UeMeHT Kap6oHaT-
}IbIN. K OCHOBaHHIO natiKH npHypotieHbi JIHH3bI H CTSIM(eHHSI TeMHO-cepbix
H3BeCTHS1KOB. MOIHHOCTb 7 M.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
2. r1eC4aHHKH 3eJIeHOBaTO-Cepble it cepbie McJIK03epHHCTble H cpeAHe
3epHHCTble, 4epellyloHIHecH C np0CJI051MH IIOJIOC4aTbIX aJIeBpOJIHTOB H TeMHO-
cepbix neJIHTOMOP4)HbIX H3BeCTH51KOB. B H3BeCTHHKaX BCTpe4eHbl LIeu.iyH pbI6,.
a B npocJIOHX aprHJIJIHTOB HaHAeHbw paKOBHHbI JIHCTOHOFHX paK006pa3HblX.
MoLuHOCTb 200 At.
3. -rleC4aHHKH )KeJIT0-Cepble H TeMHO-Cepble, CpeAHe- H KpynH03epHH-
CTble. CpeAH KpynH03epHHCTbIX pa3HOCTeM npHCyTCTByeT 60Jibmoe K0JIH4e-
CTBO paCTHTeJlbHOTO AeTpHTyca H nJIOXO cOXpaHHBIIIHeC51 OCTaTKH 4)JIOpbI,
H3 KOTOpbIX A. P. AHaHbeB onpeaeJIHJI Protolepidodendron sp. cf. P. scha-
ryanum Krejci. B 3eJleHOBaTbIX aprHJIJIHTaX BCTpeNeHbl paKOBHHbI JIHCTO-
HOrHX paKOo6pa3HbIX. Mou HOCTb 120 M.
O61ua1 MOHIHOCTb CBHTbI 230.m.
r1pH cpaBHeHHH OnHCaHHbIX AByX pa3pe3OB, paCnoJIo}KeHHbIX apyr OT
Apyra Ha paCCTO5HHH BCero 7-8 ICut, HaMegaeTCR HX CyLLIeCTBeHHOe pa3-
JIH4He.
B pa3pe3e ropbI 6o51-JUar npeo611aaaIOT Ilec4aHHKH H aJIeBpOJIHTbI, oKpa-
nleHHble B KpaCHble TOHa. B paiOHe ropbI Kyy-,Uar KpaCHOIIBeTHaH OKpaCKa
nOpOA n09TH HC4e3aeT, a OCHOBHyIO POJ1b HrpaiOT 3eJIeHOBaTO-Cepble H :ReJi-
Tble neC4aHHKH. BbICTpO H3MeH51eTC5[ H MOIIIHOCTb CBHTbI OT 110
Ao 230 At.
YIOKCKaA CBHTa. K YIOKCKOH CBHTe OTHOCHTC51 BepXHR51 4aCTb yCTb-yIOK-
CKOH I)OpMa11HH, BbIAeJIeHHOH paHee H. rl. Pa'IKOBCKHM.
B THIIH4HbIX pa3pe3ax CBHTa npeACTaBJIeHa KpaCHOuBeTHbIMH neC4aHH-
KaMH H aJIeBpOJIHTaMH, 4epeayIOIUHMHCR C OTAeJIbHbIMH JIHH3aMH McJIKO-
raJle4HbIX KOHCJIOMepaTOB. rIOpOAbI OKpaUleHbI B KOpH4HeBaTO-JlHJIOBble It
JIHJIOBble TOHa; cepaR H 3eJIeHOBaTaS OKpaCKa nOpOA Ha6JUIOAaeTCR TOJIbKO
B HH?KHeH I1OJIOBHHe pa3pe3a. HH>KH5151 rpaHHua yIOKCKOH CBHTbI npOBOAHTCR
B TOI?7 4aCTH pa3pe3a, rae npOHCXOAHT nOCTeneHHaH CMeHa CepoUBeTHbIX 110-
pOA HJIeMOpOBCKOH CBHTbI Ha KpaGHOuBeTHble neC4aHHKH.
OT4eTJ1HBbIA pa3pe3 CBHTbI npoCJIe}KHBaeTC51 K ceBepy OT yp04Hiua Kbt-
3bIJ1-1?Kapa, rAe OH HMeeT CJIeAy10 UHH BHA (CHH3y).
1. r1eC4aHHKH JIHJIOBble H KOpH4HeBble cpeAHe3epHHCTble, 4epeAy}ou.LHec5i
C KOpH4HeBaTbIMH, 3eJIeHOBaTO-cepbIMH HJIH uIOKOJIaAHbIMH aJIeBpOJIHTaMH,
peace aJIeBpOJIHTHCTbIMH aprHJIJIHTaMH. rleC4aHHKH COCTORT H3 3epeH KBapua,-
nOJIeBOI'0 lunaTa H TeMHOLIBeTHbIX MHHepaJIOB C npHMeCblO 60JIbUJ0I'O KOJIH-
4eCTBa nJIOXO OKaTaHHbIX 06JIOMKOB 94)4)y3HBOB. 1-LeMeHT Kap60HaTHbIA,
CHJIbHO 3arpB3HeHHbli }KeJIe3HCTbIMH npHMeC$MH.
B TOHKOIIJIHT4aTbIX napaJlJleJIbHO-CJIOHCTbIX a.IeBpOJIHTaX BCTpegalOTCR
OCTaTKH JIHCTOHorHX, OnpeAeJleHHbIX, KaK Asmussia murchisoniana (J o-
nes), As. covexdorsum (?) N o v o j., a TaK?Ke Sphaerestheria celsa
N o v o J. Pseudestheria tuvincorum N o v o J. MOIuHOCTb 110 At.
2. r1eC4aHHKH JIHJIOBble CpeAHe3epHHCTble- H KpynH03epHHCTble, AHaro-
HaJIbHO-CJIOHCTble, 4epeaylOlliHeC51 C peAKHMH npOCJIOAMH KOHrJIOMepaTOB
H rpaBeJIHTOB. MOLLIHOCTb 90 At.
O61iia51 MOIIIHOCTb CBHTbI 200 u.
YIOKCKa1 CBHTa xopollo pa3BHTa B palOHe pe4KH Bapb1K, Ho ee pa3pe3
TaM HeCKOJIbKO OTJIH4aeTC5I OT OnHCaHHOI'O BblLUe, TaK KaK OH CJlaraeTC51
B OCHOBHOM rpaBeJIHTaMH H McJIKoraJle4Hb1MH KOHrJ omepaTaMH H3 raJIbKH
OCHOBHbIX 34)4)y3HBOB, KpeMH51, neC4aHHKOB H KpeMHHCTbIX CJIaHueB. B BHAe
OTAeJIbHbIX BKJI104eHH9 BCTpegalOTCB yAJIHHeHHble CTR)KeHH51 TeMHO-CepblX
CKpbITOKpHCTaJIJIH4eCKHX H3BCCTHRKOB C HepOBHOH H03ApeBaTOH nOBepXHO-
CTbIO. MOLILHOCTb 110 At.
B YIOKCKOM Xpe6Te MOHLHOCTb CBHTbI 250-300 M, npH4eM B ee CocTase
IIO54BJI51eTCR 3Ha4HTeJlbHOe KOJIH4eCTBO CepblX H 3eJICHOBaTbIX neC4aHHKOB
It aJIeBpOJIHTOB.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Hepac4JIeHeHHbie HJIeMOpOBCKasi H yIOKCKa4 CBHTbI. B pakiOHe xpe6TOB
3ana,aHblfl TaHHy-OJIa H BbepT-,1jar pa3Ae.1IHTb )KHBeTCKHfi HPYC Ha HJIeMO-
pOBCKyIO H YIOKCKyIO CBHTbI He npeACTaBJIAeTCH B03MO)KHbIM H3-3a npeo6JIa-
AalouLeH cepouBeTHOil OKpaCKH IIOpOA, XOTA H npeKpaCHO 06Ha)KeHHbIX K))K-
Hee ypo4Hlua Batt-By.iiyH (pHc. 7).
K Tory H 3ana.ny OT KJIFO1Ia Ky.iy3yH pa3pe3 HMeeT CJIe)IyIOLUHH BHA
(CHH3y).
1. HenocpeACTBeHHO Ha Kpacno-6ypblx KOHrJIOMepaTaX aTaKmHJIbCKOFi
-CBHTbi 6e3 CJIeAOB yrJlosoro HecorJlacHA 3aiieraIOT cepbie McJIKOraJIegIHble
KOHrJ10MepaTbl, nepeXOJI1UjHe BbILLIe B rpy603epHHCTbie, a 3aTeM H McJIKO-
3epHHCTble JIHJIOBaTO-Cepble noJioc aTbie necgaHHKH. MOMHOCTb 35 M.
2. lleC4aHHKH Cepble H 3eJIeHOBaTO-Cepble, cpe1He3epHHCTble, Kap6o-
HaTHble, 'Iepe.i[ylon.[Hecs! C nJ1aCTaMH 3eJIeHOBaTO-CepblX H 4)HOJIeTOBbIX nJIOT-
HbIX H3BeCTH51KOB. 3epHa nec'IaHHKa COCTOHT H3 KBap1Xa, foJIeBoro LunaTa,
KpeMHH, peace BCTpe4aIOTCA cJIa600KaTaHHble 06JIOMKH 34)(py3HBOB. 143BeCT-
'HAKH HJIOTHble C BKJ1IO4eHHHMH 3epeH KBapL(a H HOJIeBbIX InnaTOB. MOIUHOCTb
20 M.
3. f-leC4aHHKH KpaCHo-6ypble, JIHJIOBble Ii ()HOJIeTOBb1e Cpe,ILHe- H Kpyn-
tH03epHHCTbie, 4epeApoiaHecH C OTAeJIbHbIMH npOCJ10AMH 3eJIeHOBaTO-CepblX,
cepbix H WOKOJIaAHbIX aJieBpOJIHTOB H aprHJIJIHTOB. l-leC4aHHKH O6pa3yIOT
nJ1acTbI no 20--30 CM. CJIOHCTOCTb KOCas, 06bI4H0 CJIOH HMeIOT BHA He6oJIb-
HJHX CJIa60 H30rHyTbIX JIHH3, o6paiueHHbIX BbInyKJIOCTbIO BHH3. 3epHa nec-
IIaHHKa COCTOAT H3 KBapL(a, HOJIeBbIX LunaTOB H 3(Jq)y3HBHbIX nOpOA. LjeMeHT
Kap6OHaTHbI9 HJIH KpeMHHCTblfi. HepeAKO BOKpyr 3epeH npOCJIe)KHBaIOTCA
)KeJ1e3HCTble nJIeHKH.
B OCHOBaHHH TOJIIL(H B aJIeBpOJIHTaX BCTpe4eHbI peAKHe paKOBHHbI JIH-
CTOHOrHX, onpeAeJleHHbie H. H. HOBO}KHJIOBbIM, KaK Pseudestheria follax
N o v o j., Ps. plicata (L u t k), a Tai me 4ewyH pbz6 Osteolepidae sp.
143 pacTHTeJlbHblx ocTaTKOB A. P. AHaHbeB onpe.l(eJIHJI Barandeinopsis
:Beliakovii K r i s h t gen. et sp. nov. MOII1 HOCTb 120 .as.
4. H3BeCTHHK TeMHO-cepbIli neJiHTOMOp()Hbzi. l-lpH yAape H3AaeT He-
npHATHbIfi 3anax. OCTaTKH Osteolepidae Sp. MOLL(HOCTb 10 M.
5. lleC4aHHKH 3eJIeHOBaTO-Cepble H JIH,1IOBaTO-cepble McJIKO- H cpeAHe-
3epHHCTble, KOCOCJIOHCTble. lTpe06JlaaaeT TOHKa5 JIHH3OBHAHa5i CJIOHCTOCTb.
3epHa COCTOHT H3 KBapua, KpeMHH, nOJ1eBbIX LL1naTOB H OCHOBHbIX 34x y3H-
BOB. CpeAH nec4aHHKOB BCTpe4aIOTCSI OTAeJlbxble CJIOH (no 0,2-0,6 M) ro-
JIy6oBaTO-cepbIx nenJIOBbIX Ty(IOB C TOHKOf( napaJIJieJibHOfi CJIOHCTOCTbIO,
a B BHAe npoc.loeB no 10-15 CM BbiAeJIAK)TCH TeMHO-cepbie H3BeCTHSIKH.
MO11 HOCTb 90-95 M.
6. L-lepeAOBaHHe 3KeJITOBaTO-H 3eJIeHOBaTO-CepblX H JIHJIOBbIX KBapL(e-
BbIX H3BeCTKOBHCTbIX nec4aHHKOB, cpeAH KOTOpbIX upeo6J1aAaBYr cpeAHe-
M KpynH03epHHCTue !pa3HOCTH_ Xopomo pa3BHTa rpy6aH Kocasi c.no-
;HCTOCTb.
B necgaHHKax MHOrO paCTHTeJIbHOrO AeTpHTyca, 3Ha4HTeJIbHO 'pe)Ke
BCTpe4aIOTCA 4aCTH CTBOJIOB H BeTBei paCTeHHfi. 143 co6paHHbIX OCTaTKOB
A. P. AHaHbeB onpeaen ui Protolepidodendron sp. cf. P. scharyanum Krejci -
BHA H3BeCTHbIA H3 )KHBeTCKHX CJIOeB BoreMHH, LUOTJIaHAHH, KHTaH H MH-
IIyCHHCKOfi BnaAHHbI.
B BepXHei 4aCTH TOJIIIIH B npOCJIOHX 3eJIeHbIX aJIeBpOJIHTOB co6paxa
(3ayHa JIHCTOHOrHx (onp. H. H. Hoso}KHJIOB) : Ulugkemia minusensis N o-
v o j., Ul. sajanensis N o v o j., Ul. bobrovi Nov o j., Ul. chini N o v o j.,
.Pseudestheria plicata (L u t k.), Ps. follax Nov o j., Ps. pogrebovi
(L u t k.), KoTOpaH, corJlacHO 3aKJ1I04eHHlo H. M. HoBOxcHJIOBa, xapaKTepxa
AJIH HH)KHefi nOJIOBHHbI N{IIBeTCKOTO Apyca (HJIeMOpOBCKasi CBHTa). MoIlj-
HOCTb 200 M.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
7. IlepecJlaxsaHHe 3eJleHOBaTO-cepbIX KpynHO- H cpeAHe3epHHCTbiX
necqaHHKOB C TeMHO-3eJlexbIMH aJIeBPOJIHTaMH H aprHJIJIHTaMH. IleC4a-
HHKH TOHKOCJIOHCTble, Ha HOBepXHOCTHX Han.naCTOSaHH] OTMegaioTCH
3HaKH BOJIHOBOci p316H..MOI1[HOCTb nJIaCTOB neC4aHHKOB H3MepHeTCH MeT-
paMH, TorAa KaK aJIeBPOJIHTbI H aprHJIJIHTbI 06pa3yIOT npOCJIOH no
:10-50 chi.
no COCTaBy neC4aHHKH KBapueso-no.lesomnarosble C npHMecblt5 3epeH
34)(f y3HBOB, KpeMHH, xaJIue,4OHa H aKueCCOPHb1X MHHepaJIOB. IJeMeHT KpeM-
HHCTbIA HJIH Kap60HaTHbIAI. MOIi[HOCTb 180 M.
B HMKHeFi nO1IOBHHe TOJIIUH BCTpegeH cJICAyloii[HH KOMnJIeKC (f ayHbI
,1IHCTOHorHx. Asmussia membranacea P a c h t., Erisopsis impedita N o-
v o j., Pseudestheria plicata (L u t k.), Ps. pogrebovi (Lutk.), B BepxHeft
nOJIOBHHe - Asmussia murchisoniana (J one s), As. vulgaris (Lutk.),
As. membranacea P a c h t., Pseudestheria pogrebovi (L u t k.), Pseu-
destheria sp. Sphaerestheria celsa N o v o j., Brachystheria orbiculata
.N o v o j., Erisopsis sp., Ulugkemia sp.
H. H. HOB03KnJIOB CgHTaeT, 4T0 aaHHblf KOMnJIeKC yKa3bIBaeT Ha nPH-
:HaAJIe)KHOCTb BMeiuaioLuHX ero CJIOeB K CaMbIM BepxaM }KHBeTCKOI'O ]pyca
.HJIH aa>Ke HH3aM (j)paHcxoro.
113 oc.TaTKOB paCTeHHkt A. P. AHaHbeB onpeAeJiHJi YCJIOBHO BHA Archaeo-
sigillaria primaeva W h i t e.
8. Ila4Ka 3e,leHOBa:TO-CePbIX, PO3OBaTbIX H CBeTJIO-CepbIX neC4aHHKOB H
,OKpeMHeJIbIx aprHJIJIHToB, XOPOIHO BbIAfJISIlolllaHCH B peJibe(pe B (j)opMe
rpsuLbI.
COMB necqaHHKOB KBapueBO-noJIeBoLunaTOBbIH, CpaBHHTeJIbHO peAKO
-BCTpe4aIOTC51 3epHa 30Y3HBOB. LIeMeHT KpeMHHCTO-Kap6OHaTHblH. B OKpeM-
HeJlblX aprHJIJIHTaX o6HapyNKeHbl OCTaTKH JIHCTOHOrHX Asmussia sp., Pseu-
destheria sp., Ulugkemia sp. Mou[HOCTb 5 At.
061uaH MOLUHOCTb pa3pe3a 600-650 At.
AJI] ueJtefi reoJlorH4ecKoro KapTHPOBaHH$1 onHCaHHbll3 HaMH pa3pe3 6b1J1
pa3AeJIeH Ha CJleapolime TPH TOJIIUH, KOTOpble OT4eTJIHBO npOCJle)KHBaK)TCH
Ha 3Ha4HTeJIbHOM paCCTO]HHH.
1. ToJILLta 3eJIeHbrx, cepbIX H JIHJIOBbIX necqaHHKOB H aJieBPOJIHTOB C 10-
C.T10]MH H3BeCTHHKOB. AJIeBPOJIHTbI coJLep)KaT peAKHe OCTaTKH JIHCTOHOI'HX.
MOIUHOCTb 270-280 ht.
2. }I(eJITO-Cepble neC4aHHKH C paCTHTeJIbHbIM AeTPHTYCOM. MOLUHOCTb
:200-210 M.
3. -1epeuoBaHHe 3eJIeHbIX H cepblx necqaHHKOB H aJIeBpOJIHTOB, coAep-
.)KaIuHXOCTaTKH JIHCTOHOrHX. MOLL(HOCTb 180-200 M.
COCTBB H MOIUHOCTH 60JIbLIHHCTBa na4eK H3MeH4HBbI. YCTaHOBJIeHO, 4TO
:npOCJIOH 113BeCTH]KOB He MOryT CJIY)KHTb XOPOLUHMH MapKHpyIOIuHMH ropH-
30HTaMH. BbIAeJieHHbie TPH TOJIIUH OT4eTJIHBO npOCJie}KHBaIOTC} B xp(-'6Te
.3ana,aHblFI TaHHy-OJIa.
AHaJIH3 4)ayHbl JIHCTOHOrHX nOKa3bIBaeT, 4TO B BepXHecl 4aCTH onHCaH-
:Horo pa3pe3a npHCyTCTByIOT npeACTaBHTeJ[H poaa Asmussidae.
CorJlacHO npeACTaBJieHHHM H. H. HOBO)KHJIOBa, poA Asmussidae xa-
:paKTepH3yeT BepxH }KHBeTCKoro apyca.
B paROHe xpe6TOB BbepT-,Uar H 3anaAHblik TaHHy-OJIa BbIAenHTb H3
pa3pe3a KpaCHOUBeTHyIO yIOKCKYIO CBHTy HeJIb35I, TaK KaK BeCb )KHBeTCKHFI
]pyC CJIO}KCH 3AeCb npeHMyLLLeCTBeHHO CepOUBeTHbIMH nopoaaMH, B TO we
Spew] B03paCTHble allajiorH HJIeMOpOBCKOl% H yIOKCKOiI CBHT MO)KHO HaMe-
7I1Tb no ()aYHe JI ICTOHorBX,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
BepxHHN JjeBOH
BepXHe,aeBOHCKHe o6pa3OBaHHSI Ha nccJIeAOBaHHOH TeppHTOpHH pa3-
BHTbI IIIHpOKO. OHH c iaralOT ocesyio 4aCTb YIOKCKOrO Xpe6Ta, CKJIOHbI rop
Kep6eC H Bepu1HHbI Xpe6Ta BbepT-Jar.
BnepBble BepXHeaeBOHCKHe OTJIO3KeHHSI B TyBe 6bIJIH BbIueJIeHbI
B. H. MacJIOBbIM, KOTOpbIN B 1947 r. B paiioHe yp04HIua Kb13bIJI-;j}Kapa;
O6Hapy}KHJ1 OCTaTKH pb16bi Bothriolepis sp.
BepXHHiI aeBOH npeJ[CTaBJIeH B OCHOBHOM KpaCHOUBeTHbIMH neC4aHH-
KaMH H KOHrJIOMepaTaMH; TOJIbKO ero Cpe.i[HSIH 4aCTb CJIO}KCHa cepbIMH R
JIHJIOBaTO-cepblMH H3BeCTHHKaMH H MepreJIRMH.
B COCTaBe BepXHeJjeBOHCKHX noPOJj B UeHTpa.IbHOH TyBe BbIJjeJIRK)TCR
CBHTbI (CHH3y) : 6erpejjHHCKaR, KOXa1=iCKa5i H J.(>KaprHHCKaH CBHTbI.
HH)KHSISI H BePXHRSI rpaHHubi OTAeJIa Bblpa)KeHbI HeAOCTaTO4HO OT4eT-
JIHBO. 3a ero OCHOBaHHe npHHHMaIOT na4Ky KpaCHOUBeTHbIX KOHrJIoMepaTOB
MOIUHOCTbIO 20-50 At. BepXHRR rpaHHua npOBOAHTCSI B TOFi 4aCTH pa3pe3a,
rAe npOHCXOAHT nOCTeneHHa! CMeHa KpaCHOUBeTHON OKpaCKH Ha cepo-
UBeTHyIO.
BerpeAHHCKaH CBHTa. CBoe Ha3BaHHe cBHTa noJ1y4HJia HO HMeHH npa-
BOro npHTOKa BHii-XeMa - p. BerpeubI. CBHTa cJ103KeHa KpaCHO-6ypblM1s
H JIHJIOBaTb1MH necgaHHKaMH, rpaBeJIHTaMH H KOHr.IOMepaTaMH' C OTAeJIb-
HbIMH pe1KHMH JIHH3aMH neJlHTOMOP()HbIX H neC4aHHCTbIX H3BeCTHHKOB. J0
noCJ1eAHerO BpeMeHH B nopouax CBHTbI He HaiAeHO KaKHX-JIH60 HCKOnaeMbIX
opraHH4ecKl-ix OCTaTKOB H K (3paHCKOMy RpyCy OHa OTHeceHa Ha OCHOBBHHH.
CTpaTHrpa(u4eCKOrO noJlo}ieHHR.
I-IOJIHbIN, HO He BO BCeX 4aCTHX XOpOiiio o6Ha3KeHHb1N pa3pe3 CBHTbI
npocJle)KHBaeTCSl B ypo Hme Kb13bIJI-,a}Kapa B 3 KM K CeBepy OT ropbI floiu-
Tar, rue HenocpeuCTBeHHO Ha necgaHHKax H rpaseJlHTax yIOKCKOFi CBHTbI 3a-
JleraiOT (cHH3y) :
1. KOHrJIOMepaT KpadHo-6ypblc H KpaCHbIfi McJIKOraJIe4HbIN. faJibKH
nJIOXO OKaTaHbl, BeJIH4HHa HX OT 2 ao 4 CM B JatiaMeTpe, COCTORT OHH 113
OCHOBHbIX H KHCJIbIX 3()(py3HBOB, KpaCHbIX aJIeBpOJIHTOB, nec4aHHKOB, H3Be-
CTH5TKOB C OCTaTKaMH ()ayHbl CHJlypa, a TaK}Ke XOpOIIIO OKaTaHHoro 6eJlom
KBapua, KpeMHH, CJIaHUeB H apyrHX nOpOA. COPTHPOBaHHOCTb rpy6ac, npo-
McNCyTKH Me}KAy raJlbKaMH 3anOJIHeHbI McJIKHMH 06JIOMKaMH fOPOA H Kpyn
HbIMH neC4aHHKaMH. UeMeHT neciaHO-H3BeCTKOBHCTbIA, KpeHKHN. MOII[HOCTF
50 At.
2. McJIKOrajie4Hbie KoxrJloMepaTbl, rpaseJ!HTbI H neC4aHHKH KpaCHo-6y-
poro i BeTa. I'aJIbKH HMeIOT yrJlOBaTylo ()OpMy. I4X pa3MepbI KOJIe6JHOTC5I
OT 0,5 Ao 2,0 CM B norlepe4HHKe. B COCTaBe raJleK npeo6JIaAaloT 3(p(py3I1BHb1e
nopoubI, CJIaHubl H MOJIO4Ho-6eJIbIN KBapu. COpTHpOBaHHOCTb CJia6aH, HHoraa
na6JIK)AaeTCR HeOT4eTJIHBO BblpaMKeHHai KOCa 1 CJIOHCTOCTb. KOHrnnoMepaTbl
3aJleI-aIOT B (JopMe KpynHbIX JIHH3 H nJIaCTOB, KOTOpble HepeAKO npocJle?KH-
RBIOTCR 170 npOCTHpaHHlo Ha paCCTOaHHH HeCKOJIbKHX KHJIOMeTpOB. Mouj-
HOCTb 100-120 M.
3. TlecgaHHKH KpaCHO-6ypble H KpaCHbie KpynHO- H CpeAHe3epHHCTbie,.
TOJICTOnJIHT4aTble, nepec.laHBaioiuHec5 C OTueJIbHbIMH HJIaCTaMH McJIKOra-
JIe4HbIX KOHrJIOMepaTOB H rpaBeJIHTOB. IZOpO,ijbl Kap60HaTHbI, McCTaMH H0-
RBJISIIOTCR CT 1>KeHHH HJIH Ma.-,OMOllWHble npOCJIOH (Ho 10 CM) ro.ny6osaTbix
17JIH Cepblx H3BeCTH51KOB. aJIR neC4aHHKOB XapaKTepHO HenOCTORHCTBO CO-
CTaBa, pa3HO3epHHC'TOCTb, nJioxaR COpTHpOBBHHOCTb H HPHCYTCTBHe 06JIOM-
KOB 3(J(py3HBHbIX nOpoa. MOWHOCTb 110 M.
O6IIjaR MOIUHOCTb CBHTbI 260-280 M.
I-IO HanpaBJIeHHJO K iOry MOIIIHOCTb CBHTbI 3aMeTHO BO3paCTaeT, yMeHb-
IHaeTCR KOJIH4eCTBO nPOCJI0CB KOHrJIOMepaTOB, OCHOBHyIO POJIb Ha4HHa1oT
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
NrpaTb necgaHO-r'paBeJiHTOBble nopOJ b1. JJajiee K ropaM AK-Tar cBHTa COKpa-
LuaeTCH no MOLUHOCTH em e 6o iee H 3aTeM BbIKJIHHHBaeTC51 BOBCe.
B YK)KCKOM xpe6Te CBHTa CJIO}Kexa KpaCHo-6ypbIMH KOHr.IOMepaTaMN
H KHpnHgHO-KpaCHbIMH necgaHHKaMH. be MOH(HOCTb B paklOHe pe4KH KbI3bIJ1-
XaK, no aaHHbIM R. C. 3y6pi.nHHa, - 400 At, a B ao.nHHe p. berpeAbi 350--
400 M.
3Ha4NTeJIbHble H3MeHeHHH pa3pe3a HpOHCXOAAT Ha J1eBOM 6epery
p. YJIyr-XeM. 3Aecb H3 COCTaBa CBHTbI H04TH COBCeM Hc'e3aIOT KOHrJloMe-
paTb1 H Bech pa3pe3 COCTOHT H3 OAHOO6pa3HbIX cpeAHe3epHHCTbIX neC4aHHKOB,
KOTOpble AOCTaTO4HO qeTKO OTAeJIAIOTCSI OT nOACTHJIaIoLUNX cpeAHeAeBOH-
CKHX CepO11,BeTHb1X OTJlo}KeHH1i, HO He HMeIOT pe3KON rpaHHUbI C 3aJleralo-
IUHMH BbILue nopOAaMH KOXaICKOH CBHTbI. Flo IO}KHOH OKpaHHe ypo4Hrua
bail-By.nyH, B 1 KAI K CeBepy OT HCT04HHKa Ky.Iy3yH, oHHCBHHbIH HaMH pa3-
pe3 HMeeT CJIeayIOIUee cTpoeHHe.
1. nectaHHKN JIHJIOBaTO-6ypble H JIHJIOBO-cepble Kpy[HO- H cpeAHe3ep-
HHCTb1e rpy60KO00CJIOHCTbie, n0JIOC4aTbie, C BKJIIO4eHH 1MH raJ1eK 6ypblX
anieBpOJIHTOB. no COCTaBy n-eC4aHHK KBapueBO-noJIeaomnaTOBbI13 c npH-
McCbIO TeMHOLIBeTHbIX MHHepaJloB. ueMeHT Kap60HaTHbIA HJIH Kap6OHaTHO-
}KeJIe3HCTbIH. MOLUHOCTb 130 M.
2. nectaHHKH aPK030Bbie CBeTJIO-}KeJlTbie H p030BaTO->KeJITbie, KpynHO-
3epHHCTble, cpaBHHTeJIbHO pb!XJibie. KpoMe KBapua H IIOJieBOro LnnaTa, npH-
CYTCTBYIOT TeMHOUBeTHbie MHHepaJibi, 3epHa KOTOpbIX XOpOLLio OKaTaHbI Ii
CKpenJleHbl Kap60HaTHbIM ueMeHTOM. CpeAH necqaHHKOB BCTpe'aIOTCH OT-
j eJlbHble npOCJIOH McJIKOraJle4HbIX KOHrJIOMepaTOB C raJ1bKOH, COCTOHLueH
113 6eJlOrO KBapua, 3eJleHbiX aJlesp0JIHTOB H 6ypblX necqaHHKOB. Pa3Mepbl
raJlbKH OT 1 ao 2 CM B AHaMeTpe. MOIuHOCTb 50 M.
3. neC4aHHKH JIHJIOBaTO-6ypble McJIKO3epHHCTble KOCOCJIOHCTbie C JIHH30-
BNANbIMH CKOnJ1eHn5IMH 6ypbix raiieK aJleBpOJIHTOB H neC4aHHKOB. ueMeHT
Kap60HaTHbIA. B BepXHeir 4aCTH na4KN B cepbix nectaHHKax Ha6JnoAaIOTC51
peAKHe npOCJ1OH (1-2 CM) H OTAeJIbHble CKonJ1eHH i 4epHOrO yrJIHCToro Be-
iieCTBa. MOLUHOCTb 90 M.
O6LUa i MOLUHOCTb CBHTbI 270-300 M.
KaK BHAHO H3 OHHCaHHbIX pa3pe3OB, CBHTa XapaKTepI43yeTCSr pe3KOFl
(cauHaJIbHOH H3Mer14HBOCTbKJ Ha He60JlbWHX paCCTOHHNAX. Ha npaBo6epe-
Kbe p. YJlyr-XeM CBHTa XOpOLUO pa3BHTa; B xpe6Te BbepT-Z ar Bb1AeJIS1eTCH
McHee qeTKO, a B xpe6Te 3anaAHbIFI TaHHy-OJIa OHa He MO}KeT 6bITb 01103-
HaHa cpeAH MOLUHOFi cepHN OAHoo6pa3HbIX necqaHHKOB Bepxxero Ae-
BOHa - HH)KHerO Kap60Ha. B ropax AK-Tar "BHTa BbIKJIHHHBaeTCSI, HO
B YIOKCKOM xpe6Te OHa nOHBJI5leTCS1 CHOBa H AOCT -raeT TaM 6oJIbIHOH MOni-
HOCTH.
KoxaHCKasI CBHTa. B 1947 r. B. H. Mac.loBbIM a ypo4NUie Kb13bIJl-
A}Kapa 6bIJ1a BbIAEJIeHa , B03p4ZT KOTOpOH Ha OCHO-
BaHNH OCTaTKOB pbl6 yCTaHaBJIHBaeTCSr KaK BepXHeAeBOHCKHH. B AaJibHe i-
HIeM B. C. McJIeLueHKO H R. C. 3y6pHJIHH COIIOCTaBHJIH C KoxaHcKOH CBHTOFI MHHyCHHCKOIi KOTJIOBHHbI.
Koxa icKa51 CBHTa B TYBHHCKOM nporH6e npeACTaBJiexa nepeMe}Kae-
MOCTbIO neCTPOOKpaUJeHHbIX neC4aHHKOB, MepreJlei3, 113BeCTH39KOB H aJIeB-
pOJIHTOB. 1-10 CBoeMy COCTaBy OHa pe3K0 OTJIH4aeTCSI OT nOACTHJIaIOLUHX H
HOKpb1BaIOLuNX oTJ1oN(eHNH, XOTH rpaHHubl Me}KAY HHMH HeAOCTaTO4HO Or-
4eT.7HBbI.
fOJIHbie, XOTH H HeAOCTaTOgHO o6Ha}KeHHble pa3pe3bl, npocJIe}KeHbI
HaMH no npaBOMY 60pTY pe4KH Kbl3bIJI-XaK. no J1eBo6epe}KbIO p. YJIyr-Xei
H B xpe6Te 3anaAHbth TaHHy-OJia CBHTY HeB03MO}KHO BbiaeJIHTb H3 OAHO-
O6pa3HON nectaHo-rpaBeJIHTOBOH cepHN OCaAKOB BepxHero aeBOHa - Kap-
6oHa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
B paiOHe yp04Hlua KbI3bIJi-~J}Kapa, B 3 1CM K 3anaAy OT r. Kep6ec, npo-
cJIe)KHBaeTCSI CJIeAy1ou.Hil pa3pe3 CBHTbI.
1. Ha JIHJIOBbIX neC4aHHKaX 6erpeAHHCKOH CBHTbI COBepLueHHO corJiaCHO
3aJieraeT 3-MeTpOBaM na4Ka CBeTJIo-CepblX H roJIy6OBaTblx MepreJleu C OT--
IeJIbHbIMH npOCJIO5iMH 4epHoro yrJIHCTorO BeuIeCTBa. CpejH MepreJle-
BCTpegaIOTCH nJIOXO coxpaHHBinHeC51 o6yrJIHBIIJHecH paCTHTeJIbHble OCTaTKH.
MOIIIHOCTb 3 M.
2. H3BeCTHHKH Cepble H TeMHO-Cepble, pe}Ke 4epHble, 04eHb nJ1OT-
Hble, CKpbITOKpHCTaJIJIHYeCKHe c paKOBHCTbIM H3JIOMOM, 4epeJyloIuHec5
C Ma.10MOLuHbIMH npoCJ1o IMH Meprejlefi H aJIeBpoJiHTOB. MO1LLHOCTb nJIaCTOM'
H3BeCTHSIKOB KOJie6JIeTCSI OT 20 Ao 40 CM, a MOIUHOCTb pa3AejigIO uHX HX Mep-
reJIHCTbIX ripoc.noeB paaxa 5-10 CM. B OCHOBaHHH na'IKH? o6Hapy)KeHO
oKO.no 20 CM 4epHbIX yFJIHCTb1X rJIHH. MOIUHOCTb na4KH 16 M.
3. IlepeCJlaHBaHHe CepblX, JIHJIOBbIX H KpaCHO-6ypblx nec4aHHKOB. Cepble-
PeC4aHHKH McJIK03epfHCTb1 H XapaKTepH3ylOTCSi TOHKON nOJIoc4aTON CJIOH-
CTOCTb1O. JlHJIOBble H KpaCHO-6ypble pa3HOCTH KOCOCJIOHCTbl m coAepwar
BKJHogeHHH raiieK 30y3HBOB, KBapua, KpeMH5l H 1[pyrHX nOp01(.
B OTAeJIbHbIX npOCJIOAX CepblX H3BeCTHHKOB co,I ep]KaTCA OCTaTKH pb16,.
cpeAH KOTOpbIX H3 c6opOB R. C. 3y6pHJIHHa a. B. O6pyteBIJM 6bIJIH onpe-
,aeaexbi Dipterus martianovi (0 b r.). MOLUHOCTb 105 M.
4. I43BeCTHSIKH Cepble H CBeTJIO-cepble allajiorHgHble H3BeCTHSIKaM,
na4KH 2. MOIUHOCTb 12 M.
5. 11ecgaHHKII 3eJieHOBaTO-cepble H 6ypble cpeAHe- H McJIK03epHHCTble,?
TOHKOnOJlocgaTble, 4epe1[yloluHecH C OTAeJIbHbIMH npoCJIOAMH H JIHH3aMH
McJIK03epHHCTbIX KOHrJIoMepaTOB H rpaBeJIHTOB. Pe1(Kiie npocJIOH nJiaCTOB'
ceporo H3BeCTH5IKa MOILIHOCTbIO no 15-20 CM. MOILIHOCTb na4KH 55 M.
6. H3BeCTHSIKH CBeTJIO-CCpble H 3eJIeHOBaTO-Cepble'. AHaJiorHgHble H3Be-
CTHHKaM na4KH 2. CpeAH HHX BCTpe4eHbl o)KeJIe3HeHHble OCTaTKH naHublp-
HbIX pb16 Bothriolepis sibirica 0 b r., Megistolepis klementzi 0 b r. Moui-
HOCTb 8 M.
7. IIeC4aHHKH Cepble, 3eJIeHOBaTO-Cepble H Kpacao-6ypble c noA4HHeH-
HbIMH JIHH3aMH KOHrJIOMepaTOB. BCTpegeHO HecKOJIbKO njiaCTOBcepbix OKpeM-
HeJIblX neC44HHKOB, coAep}KaIUHX O}KeJIe3HeHHble OCTaTKH pb16'Bothriolepis
sibirica 0 b r., Onychodus remotus (0 b r.).
B BepXHeii 4aCTH TOJIILIH npocJie}KeHbI npoCJloH H3BeCTKOBblx 6peKLHH,
06JIOMKH KOTOpbIX COCTOSIT H3 cepb[X neJIHTOMOp(pHbIX H3BeCTHHKOB. MOnI-
HOCTb 70 M.
8. h13BeCTHHK TeMHO-Cepb1N C OCTaTKaMH Bothriolepis H Megistolepis;.
MOIUHOCTb 6 M.
061uaH MOn1HOCTb CBHTbI 175 M.
B paNOHe ropbI U)Kapra KOxaHCKac CBHTa CJIO}KeHa CepbIMH, JIHJIOBaTO=
6ypbIMH H 6ypbIMH KOHrJIOMepaTaMH, iepeayioLUHMHCSI C MOn1HbIMH na4KaMH-
CepblX H3BeCTH51KOB, coAep}KamHx O6HJIbHble OCTaTKH JIHCTOHOrHx pa4KOB.
061tasl MOLLIHOCTb CBHTbI 200 M.
B CpeAHeM Te4eHHH pe4KH KbI3bIJI-XaK KOXakCKaH CBHTa 06Ha)KeHa no-
HpaBOMy 60pTy AOJIHHbI H COCTOHT H3 CepOLIBeTHb[X H3BeCTH5IKOB H neC4aHH-
KOB, nepeCJlaHBaJoujHxc c JIHJIOBbIMH H KpaCHO-6ypbIMH nec4aHHKaMH H rpa--
BeJiHTaMH. H3BeCTHSIKH comep}KaT KOPH4HeBaTble H p030Bbie np03KHJIKIf
KaJlbl(HTa. ajigi neC4aHBKOB xapaKTepHa rpy6a5l 3epHHCTOCTb, n.noxax COp-
I'HpOBaHHOCTb H BKJHO'leHHe OTAeJIbHbIX KpynHbXX raJleK. HeKOTOpbie raJIbKH,
pacnoJiaraloLuHecH B cepbIX CHJIbHO H3BeCTKOBHCTbIX neC4aHHKaX, OKpy}KeHbr
O6OJIO4KO i ceporo H3BeCTH5IKa c xapaKTepxoi3 KOHIjeHTPH4eCKOi1 CJIOH--
CTOCTbIO. MOLUHOCTb CBHTbI 250-300 M.
110 BOCTO4HOMy OKOH4aHHIO yIOKCKOrO Xpe6Ta KOXaiiCKa5i CBHTa npeA--
CTaBJIeHa TeMHO-CepbIMH H CepbIMH H3BeCTHHKaMH, MepreJiHMH, TeMHO-KOpH4-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
HeBbIMH H 3eJIeHbIMH aJIeBpOJIHTaMH, MOU HOCTb10 OKOJIO 200 M. IIopoabw co-
,aep}KaT MHOrO4HCJIeHHbie OCTaTKH JIHCTOHOrHX paKO06pa3HbIX.
IIpH COIIOCTaB.neHHH 0TjieJIbHbIX pa3pe3OB CBHTbI BHAHO, 4T0 B paiFlOHe
ropbl ~J}Kapra pa3pe3 CBHTbI HpejjCTaBJieH HaH6o iee IIOJIHO. 3,aecb npeo6Jia-
AaIOT CepOI.LBeTHble Kap6OHaTHble nOpOJLbi. B HaHpaBJIeHHH K rOpaM AK-Tar
MOLUHOCTb CBHTbI 6bICTpO COKpaiuaeTCA H B HeI HO$IBJISIK)TC 1 KpaCHOLIBeTHbie-
nopO,iIbI. B YIOKCKOM xpe61e KOXaiiCKaH CBHTa BHOBb CTaHOBHTCH cepOLjBeT-
HOIi. B Xpe6Te 3anaAHbili TaHHy-OJia CBHTa COCTOHT H3 OJjHO06pa3HbIX nec-
4aHO-rpaBeJIHTOBbIX OTJIO KeHHf.
(baMeKCKULI izpyc
K q)aMeHCKOMY ApYCY yCJIOBHO OTHOCHTCH MOIILHa$ cepHA KpaCHOIjBeT-
IIbIX neC4aHHKOB H KOHrJIoMepaTOB, padnoJIO}KeHHaH Me}K,ay 4)ayHHCTH4eCKi4
oxapaKTepH30BaHHbIMH CBHTaMH 4JpaHCKOTO Apyca H HH}KHero OT,geJla Ka-
McHHOyrOnbHON % CHCTeMbI. OTJIO}KeHHSI .ZLOBOJIbHO OAHoo6pa3Hbl H oIIHCbl-
BaIOTCH KaK eAHHaA JL}KaprHHCKaA CBHTa.
A}KaprHHCKaA CBHTa. flepexoj OT KOXaiiCKOii CBHTbI B LbKap-
rHHCKyIO O6bI4HO I1pOHCXOJjHT nOCTeneHHO H TOJIbKO B paHOHe rop AK-
Tar Ha6JIIoJjaeTCH ee HecorJlacHoe 3aJleraHHe Ha 6onee JjpeBHHx no-
ponax.
Pa3pe3 B paiiOHe ypo4HUja KM3bi.I-I!xcapa (3ana) HbIH CKJIOH rop-
Xep6ec) HMeeT CJIeayloLuee cTpoeHHe (cHII3y).
1. neciaHHKH JIHJIOBble H p030BaTO-cepbie; B HH)KHeii 4aCTH McJIKO3ep-
HHCTble, KpenKHe. nJiHT4aTbie, ciia6o no.IOcuaTbie. Bbinle nOSIBJIHK)TCA CBeTJIO
OKpauleHHble cpeAHe- H KpynH03epHHCTbie pa3HOCTH. 110 COCTBBY neC4aHHKH
KBapueBO-noJieBOLnnaTOBble, 4aCTO C npHMeCbIO 06JIOMKOB 3cXf y3HBHbIX no-
pOJL H 3epeH TeMHOLIBeTHbIX MHHepaJIOB. UeMeHT Kap60HaTHO->Kene3HCTbI9.
B rpy603epHHCTblx nec4aHHKax LLIHpOKO pacnpOCTpaHeHa xocasI CJIOHCTOCTb.
TOI?Aa KaK JIJI5I McJIIKO3epHHCTbrX pa3HOCTeii 06bI'Ha Cna6o Bblpa KeHHaH na-
paJIJIeJIbH.aA CJIOHCTOCTb, XOpOLUO BHAHaA TOJIbKO Ha BbIBeTpenbIX nOBepXHO-
CTSIX. MOLuHOCTb 90-1 10 M.
2. KOHrnoMepaT Kpacxo-6ypblli cpeAHerane4Hbili MaCCHBHbIii. FaJIbKa
COCTOHT H3 yI oBJIeTBOpHTenbHO OKaTaHHbIX KHCJIbIX 94 y3HBOB, KpeMHSI, 6e-
JIOrO )KHJIbHOrO KBapija H p030Boro, XaJILIeAOHa. ueMeHT nec4aHO-Kap6OHaT--
Hblli. COpTHpOBaHHOCTb MaTepHa.na Cna6aSl, HHOrJIa Ha6JuoAaeTC5I opHeHTH
POBKa nJIOCKHX raneK. B OCHOBaHHH na4KH KOHrnOMepaTa OT4eTJIHBO BHAeH
pa3MbIB nOJICTHna!omm ee nHJIOBbIX necuaHHKOB. MouwocTb 4 M.
3. I-1eC4aHHKH nHJIOBble H KpaCHO-6ypble MenKO- H CpeJLHe3epHHCTb!e..
McJIK03epHHCTbie pa3HOCTH 04eHb KpenKHe, c ierKa OKpeMHeBnlne H o6pa-
3yIOT KpynHble nnHTbl TOJI1 LHHOH no 3-5 CM. fOALHHeHHOe 3HageHHe B pa3-
pe3e HMeIOT OTAenbHbie MaJIOMOLLIHble JIHH3bI McJlKorane4HbIX KOHrnOMepa-
TOB H rpaBeJlHTOB, a TaKxce peaKHe npocJloH (no 10-20 cM) rony6OBaTO-
3eaeHbIX HeJIHTOMOp()HbIX H3BeCTHSLKOB. MOLUHOCTb 300 M.
4. KOHr.OMepaT McJIKoraJIe4HbIH KpaCHo-6ypbiH. FaJIbKa KOHrnOMepa-
TOB OKaTaHa cna6o n 4aCTO HMeeT pe3KO yrJLOBaTylo c)OpMy. II04TH-
He Ha6JuoJIaeTCA KaKOIi-JIH6o COpTHpOBaHHOCTH MaTepHaJla. FanbKa co-
CTOHT H3 neC4aHHKOB, KBapua, KpeMHA ceporo H3BeCTH5LKa H pa3HO-
o6pa3HbIX 3(ILpy3HBOB. BBepx no pa3pe3y KOHrnOMepaT nOCTeneHHo riepe-
XOAHT B nHJIOBaTO-6ypble rpaBenHTbI H KpynH03epHHCTble nec4aHHKH. MOnI-
HOCTb 10 M.
5. rleC4aHHKH JHJIOBbie H KpaCHO-6ypble, KpynHO- H CpeJIHe3epHHCTbie,.
CXOAHbie c OIIHcaHHbIMH B CJIOAX I H 3. B cpeAHeii 4aCTH pa3pe3a TOJILUH
pa3BHTO HeCKOnbKO npOCJloeB rpaBeJIHTOB, B COCTaB KOTOpbIX BXOAHT O6JIOMKH_
944y3HBHbIX H rnHHHCTblx nOpOJI. MoiunoCTb 75 M.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
O6LUai MOILLHOCTb CBHTbI 480-500 M.
Pa3pe3 K ceBepy OT yTeca U)Kapra HMeeT CXOAHOe CTpoeHHe, a ero Monl-
HOCTb KOJIe6JIeTCH OT 350 JLo 400 M.
no, IO}KHOMy CKJIOHy rop AK-Tar, B 8 !CM K 3anaay OT OBpara Kapa-Cyr,
HenOCpe,aCTBeHHO Ha nOpOAbI KeM6pH51 JIO}KHTCH Bcero TOJIbKO OKOJIO 8 .til
KpaCHO-6ypblX KOHrJIOMepaTOB C 0TAeJIbHbIMH JIHH3aMH rpy603epHHCTbIX KO-
COCJIOHCTbIX necgaHHKOB, npH4eM B COCTaBe ra.ieK 3AeCb nOHBJIRK)TC% n ioxo-
OKaTaHHble 06JIOMKH H3BeCTH51KOB C (paVHOH CHJIypa,' Cepb1X nec4aHHKOB 14
3eJleHOBaTbIX aJIeBpOJIHTOB.
B YIOKCKOM xpe6Te A}KaprHHCKaA CBHTa npeaCTaBJIexa 4epeaOBaHHeM
cpe,aHeraJle4HbIX KOHrJIOMepaTOB, rpaBe.IHTOB H rpy603epHHCTbIX H3BeCTKO-
BHCTbIX neC4aHHKOB. XapaKTepROH 4epTQH ABJIHeTCIT c.ia6a5i OKaTaHHOCTb
i aJIeK, nJ oxa5I COpTHpOBaHHOCTb MaTepHaJla H OAHoo6pa3HbIH COMB n0-
pOA. MOuIHOCTb CBHTbI OKOJIO 600 M.
B paiOHe xpe6Ta BbepT-Uar no JIHTOJIOrH4eCKHM npH3HaKaM CBHTy
BbIAeJIHTb HeB03M0}KHO. Ta 4aCTb pa3pe3a, KOTOpaH no noJIO}KeHHIO eH COOT-
BeTCTByeT, JIHTOJIOr14eCKH 0T Hee pe3KO OTJIH4aeTCI3, TaK KaK npeJLCTaB-
.leHa CepbIMH H p030BaTbIMH neC4aHHKaMH C OTAeJIbHbIMH npOCJIOBMH rpa-
BeJIHTOB.
Hepac9JIeHeHHble KOXaiCKaS H A}KaprHHCKas CBHTbI. B paHOne xpe6TOB
BbepT-.Thar H 3anaaHoro TaHHy-OJIa pa3AeJIHTb KoxaiCKyIO H awaprIHCKylO
CBHTbI HeB03MO)KHO, TaK KaK COOTBCTCTBylOIILHe mm no B03paCTy nOpOAbI
.CJ10}KeHbl oAHoo6pa3HbIMH CepbIMH H JIHJIOBaIbIMH neC4aHHKaMH H rpaBe-
JIHTaMH.
B pailOHe KJIK)4a KyJ1y3yH 6erpeAHHCKa 1 CBHTa BBepx no pa4pe3y cMe-
HAeTCII CepbIMH H JIHJIOBaTO-CepbIMH neC4aHHKaMH C npOCJIOSIMH H J1HH3aMH
H3BeCTHAKOB, 6peKuHeBHAHbIX H3BeCTHIKOB (pHC. 8) H KOHrJloMepaTOB. )IJIcI
3Toi qaCTH pa3pe3a XapaKTepHO npHCyTCTBHe nJIoxo coxpaHHBLIIHXCB pacTH-
TeJIbHbIX OCTaTKOB. MOLLLHOCTb TOJILLLH 300 A4.
Bbiiue ciieayeT TOJILIZa,, CJIO K HHa1I JIHJIOBaTO-CepbIMH H KpaCHO-6VpbIMH
neC4aHHKaMH, rpaBeJIHTaMH H KOHrJIOMepaTaMH. B 3TOH 4aCTH pa3pe3a y}Ke
OTCyTCTByIOT npocJloH H3BeCTHBKOB, H3BeCTKOBHCTbIX 6peKLHH H paCTHTeJIb-
Hble OCTaTKH. MOILLHOCTb 400-450 M.
CJIe,ayeT OTMeTHTb, 4TO B HH)KHe1 TOJILI. a eH1e COXpaHSIIOTC$1 HeKOTOpble
npH3HaKH KOXaHCKOH CBHTbI - Cepax OKpaCKa nopoA, npocJloH H3BeCTHAKOB,
paCTHTeJlbFible OCTaTKH. OTAeJIbHble npH3HaKH A)KaprHHCKOH CBHTbI M0)KHO
HacTH H B BepXHei TOJILLLe. OAHaKO H OHH nOCTeneHHO HC4e3aIOT B 3anaA-
HOM HanpaBJIeHHH. TaK, y}Ke B xpe6Te BbepT-J1ar 4aCTH pa3pe3a, COOTBeT-
CTByIOLIIHe no noJio)KeHH1O KOXajCKOH H A}KaprHHcKoH CBHTaM, npe.cTaB-
JIeHbI OaH006pa3HbIM14 p030BaTO-cepbIM11 KpynHO- H cpeAHe3epHHCTbIMH neC-
4aHHKaMH C JIHH3aMII KOHrJIOMepaTOB.
KAMEHHOYTOJIbHA$1 CHCTEMA
KaMeHHoyrOJIbHbie OTJIO}KeHHSI Ha HCCJIeAOBaHHoM njlouLaLLH pa3BHTb1
J1OBOJIbH0 IIIHpOKO. BOJIbIIlylo pOJIb OHH HrpalOT H B CTp0eHHH HeKOTOpbIX
j pyrHX y4aCTKOB TyBHHCKoro nporH6a. JIHTOJIOr1I4eCKH n0pOAbI KaMeHHO-
yroJIbHOro B03paCT$ aOCTaTO4HO pe3KO OTJIH4aIOTCH OT nOJLCTHJIaIoIuHX HX
JLeBOHCKHX o6pa3OBaRHH TeM, 4TO B HHX no4TFI HC4e3aIOT KpaCHO1LBeTHble
nOpOAbI H nOHBJrneTC1 cpeAH HHX 6oJlbLLloe KOJIH4eCTBO TOHKO3epHHCTbIX
cepOILBeTHbIX OTJIO}KeHHH C npHMeCLIo nenJIOBOro MaTepxaJla.
I'IX KaMeHHOVrOJIbHbIH B03paCT yCTaHSBJIHBaeTCA Ha OCHOBaHHH peA-
KHX HaXOAOK pb16 H (4Jlopbl. HaH60Jiee paCnpOCTpaHeHbI OTJIO}KeHHH HH}K-
Hero OTAeJIa; 4)JIOpHCTH4eCKH oxapaKTepH30BaHHble n0p0JLbI cpeAHero H
sepxaero OTAeJIOB HOSIBJIBIOTCS1 TOJIbKO B IOrO-3anaAHbIX paHoHax Tysbl
(xpe6eT 3anaiHbii TaHHy-OJIa).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Pnc. 7. O6tia>Kenite nopoa tKt+eercKoro flpyca no cenepuoNty cKnorty xpe(ra
Ghep-r-,tar. Baanu 811ai+ei rp51al>i n conKU, cnoiKeitnhie 3(J4)y31uBlIhIy1N nopo-
AaMH neaoita
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/22 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO55900210001-8
Puc. 9. TV(ponec ranhIK 113 nopoi aA