PRESS CLIPPINGS SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER 1978

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP05S00620R000501250001-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 220
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 29, 2009
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: September 11, 1978
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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c.Q
s =Aware `of :. the Dan}(~~ers Around- Us
today's,, realities:. Freedom.. sometimes survi-
.val., depends on awareness. Governments;' no
less: than individuals, can do a better job :if
more relevant today. Military parity, economic
interdependence : and political activism 'are
The American intelligence community has-
been the eyes and ears of the United States
overseas for over 30 years. Simple rationale: It.
is better to know what is happening around us
than to be surprised While originally a reac-
.tion to Pearl Harbor, that rationale is even
American' businessman; : a . Soviet: :delegation
changes its negotiating goals;'a ship carrying
illegal . narcotics, enters . U.S.- coastal~?waters.:
Elements of a LeCarre novel? No. Real life? .
Yes. Worth knowing? That's up to you.
ARTICLE APPEARED
ON PAGE 7 Pt XL
Y?STANSFIELD.TURNER ,
A terrorist organization plans to-kidnap.= 1
plan, ahead. This is neither utegat nor sinister.
..,0The:: United-~ States is an open society:.
Foreigners can move freely and unnoticed in
our midst . The quantities of published infor-
oration'about everything that we do exceeds
any . individual's.:.capacity. to absorb it.-The
KGB's job is easY:c:.::.: ..:.....::. .~. i,s
The CIA's job-collecting Information about
other. countries as well as international activi-
ties-is' a little more difficult, Terrorists and
drug traffickers do not advertise. Many coun-
'tries whose -actions affect us' directly - are
.closed. There is no opportunity to learn about
All: nations work hard. at: being better .in-
'formed :.Unfortunately in"recent . years this
has become harder- for-usand easier. for, our
is'cont i1ed; : their. governments function in'
secret;'and foreign initiatives are often taken
:? without" explanation. Surprise is a. routine
strategy. ,: ::.. ; ... :
Although we are. at' a disadvantage in this
qquest for information, none of- us would trade
phis openness for the short-term advantages
of unnecessarysecrecy. Nonetheless, if we are
to function' successfully in a world :where
closed societies compete with us economically; ?
politica!!y and militarily; where our well-.be- general public, are not denied any information
'
on their ac- that they need. to ensure that what the. CIA
ing is in some measure depeOdent
lions and our ability to anticipate them, we too does is both legal and proper. The executive
must jreservesome secrets lest we lose all :and legislative branches share this responsi=
leverage. " ` ; ". ? ''': bitity through the personal involvement of the I
,..~ The intelligence community in particular is President and the Vice President. the National."
out; of .business unless It: can ensure a? large Security Council, the new Intelligence. Over-
degree of confidentiality in what it does. The sight Board and the two new, in the past two
Russian who passes his delegation's change in years, Select Committees on intelligence itf ;
negotiating strategy to .us; the'agent who can the House and Senate..
become a member of a terrorist organization
and, thereafter- keep us Informed of Its plans,
the allied Intelligence agencies that Work with
us 'to .watch and thwart International- drug
trafficking-none,will take the obvious risks if
THE LOS ANGELES TIMES
11 September 1978
we cannot guarantee their' anonymity; With1-~ Secrecy, while it. .can be used to' hide mi:
the organized. effort underway today to un II. deeds and mistakes, can also enable us to lear
..more about those who could harm us. der
ever American intelligence officers and acts '.
=vities-in the real or feigned belief., that this. ~ them. th'e. advantage of surprise, and ensu;
will benefit the United States-the ability to, that our decisions are based on fact rath;
protect these intelligence sources and 'meth-..;'than surmise. In itself, secrecy Is neither got
nor bad, moral nor'immoral In the, ne
ods is in danger..;
Is the threat to America- of terrorism "and'. oversight bodies we have a responsive,' wet
lawlessness real? Is there a danger that the conceived mechanism capable for perhaps t1
United States could in time lose its position of . first time of controlling. government secret
leadership in .:the .world. and. maybe' some and secret activities adequately. I suggest th
we give it a chance.
I-?' Adm. Stanfield Turner is the director of. they
Cent ral Intelligence Agency.
degree of its free choice? Is',it 'worthwhile to
pursue..hard=to-get'information :"so ?=thatl,
decision-makers can know what other coun-
tries actually plan rather than guessing what
they might be planning? The decision is really
up to the American citizen, _ But, if your an
$wer . to . any of .those ..questions is yes, .then
some individual, or group,- call. it the CIA or
call itwhatever you will, must go dig out the
information. `:..::.'.., :..... .; : ~... , , , . ,
Anti-Intelligence: protagonists will claim;
ipse . dizit-that; while these. examples may
seem reasonable, the intelligence community,'
and the CIA in particular,,Is involved also in
skulduggery of, a less savory nature. As proof,
a - litany of past' abuses-some' actual, ~ many
imagined-is recited
There is no question that Intelligence capa-:
bilities were misused in the past, albeit very:
uently . There Is also no `question that
the anuses that did occur were thoroughly in...,
vestigated by' the .Church committee,' ? the
Rockefeller commission and others, and do not
continue to, exist. Anyone who is'more: than
superficially informed.on intelligence matters,
and who-is willing. to?be honest, knows that
the CIA is operating more openly and is under
tighter; controls, today than at any time in its
.
history.
Ad,while secrecy remains indispensable to
serious intelligence work. the several new
'oversight. bodies, acting as'surrogates for the
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TACOMA NEWS TRIBUNE
29 August 1978
Mor&openness for CIA
There is a new and welcome. openness, spies are. necessary
sense of openness being dis- and a degree of secrecy must be
played by the Central Intelli- exercised if the nation is to pro--
gence Agency. An example was tect itself from foreign enemies.
the recent appearance in San' It is unrealistic to believe that
Diego, 'Calif., of CIA Director America would not be harmed if
Stansfield Turner in. which he an unfriendly nation could easi-
discussed CIA opeations candid- ly learn our secrets.
ly before a public audience. It is, this message=-that intel-
? Turner's appearance, is part of :ligence activity is essential for
a frank bid for public support to?? the wellbeing, of thet nation-
counter negative criticism that that Turner is trying to get
has plagued. the nation's _intelli- across: to. the American. people:
gene-gathering community, for
the past several years.. There ~s the danger, of course,
Part of Turner's public-reIa "that- more. candor and openness
tions- campaign involves -outlin- by the intelligence community
ing the system of checks..and will increase the potential for
balances that have been_estab- leaks, -thereby perhaps jeopard
lished to monitor CIA activities. izing some espionage efforts. It
The system. includes:-two con- is a risk that will have-to-be
gressional oversight committees taken::
and a- special. three-man, Intelli- By. allowing more light to
gence Oversight Board.-They are:,-:. shine. on CIA activities, Director
there to guard against the sort Turner is taking.the necessary,
of abuses that were.-. revealed - . step toward gaining a. renewal of
during the Watergate investiga- the public support that is needed
tions. if our intelligence apparatus is
Still, even in this new era of to be effective.
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ARTICLE APPEARED
ON PAGE 10 Pt.1
0
LOS ANGELES TIMES
11 September 1978
Romanian Intelligence,
s * tjefi~cbQn 5~fidrs Storrr
GD
BONN-Ion Pacepa was a lieutenant general'
in the Romanian secret service. He held a key
post in a state that like other Communist na-
tions maintains a massive security force. ready
to crack down on any sign pf subversion or in=;
ternal dissent. He was also a close associate of.
the Romanian president, Nicolae Ceausescu.
Pacepa had access to far more than,Rona-
nia's secrets. For despite Romania's indepe'n-.
dent ventures in foreign affairs,.the country's
intelligence services maintain close ties with
Times StaH writer
their counterparts in the Soviet Union and oth
So Pacepa's defection to the West last July.
28, while he was on a trade mission to Cologne,
represents a major.coup.in the silent East-West
war of espionage. Just :how important can be
seen in the reverberations that have shaken the
Romanian Communist Party and ? government
since the 50-year-old general slipped away.
Western diplomats in. Bucharest, report that
at least a dozen top officials have been arrested
and demoted since the Pacepa defection. A sig-
nificant change occurred Wednesday when In-
terior Minister Teodor Coman, the official re=
sponsible for state security; was suddenly re-
placed by GeorgeHomostean. Although said to
have little or no security experience, Homos-
lean is a trusted party functionary. :
The, defection has also shaken the West Ger- .'~
.man government Pacee, believed to be in a.
safe place near, CI ad gar ers in Lan le
,Va. reportedly has 'told his CIA ' interro aters'.
.that-there u 'st spies m i aces m
:the Bonn,. overnment~ITis is and y a novel..,
disclosure inasmuc as West Germany, because
,of its location and recent history, is particularly'
vulnerable to espionage:
According to various sources and reports
.published here, Pacepa has named at least six
West German politicians as East bloc spies..
Thus far the names of only two have surfaced
-Uwe Holtz, a member of -Parliament and
Joachim Broudre-Groeger, an aide to Egon
Bahr; an architect of West Germany's.* con-
troversial Ostpolitik, - which seeks closer ties
with the East. Both Holtz and Broudre-Groeger
have denied any wrongdoing. ff
?Pacepa's alleged charges have '. triggered a
major .controversy here, and aroused wide-.
spread suspicion that there may be less espion
age and far more partisan politics involved. ' 11
Critics note that all the alleged spies are'
members of Chancellor Helmut Schmidt's Social
Democratic Party; the senior partners in the
ruling coalition with the small.Free Democratic.
Party. The accusations, they note, come just a
few weeks before important regional elections
are held Oct: 8 in_Hesse and Bavaria:.The elec-
tion is viewed as.an important test of'Schniidt's
popularity. Unless an early election is called, he.
will remain in office until 1980..
The election will also .'be?a:test`of: the'coa$='
tion's 'ability : to.. remain : in :
: power The * Free. Democratic Party:was ? defeatedin ?JJ
regional
elections in Hamburg and' Lower Saxony last
,June at the Hands of the so-called green parties...:
environmental and antiestablishtnent groups.
Holt4 considered one of the Social Democrat
is Party's rising young stars; "? and . Broudre
Groeger are. both members of. the party's left
wing-a favorite target of the conservative op-
position Christian Democratic Union, and its
Bavarian partner, the Christian Socialist Union.
'., `. Broudre-Groeger ;was a key aide to Bahr. in
formulating the Ostpolitik,:.a major program of
former Chancellor Willy Brandt;,who resigned,
from office in 1974 :following revelations-that
.one of his key aides was a Communist spy.
Neither Pacepa nor anyone else has accused.;
Bahr of being a spy: The ,agents . supposedly:!!
identified by. Pacepa' are;,.said:'to.:be,:like
Broudre-Groeger, indiyjduals close; to hiin `;? I
?Bahr'ahd his associates, according to reports;!
in conservative newspapers opposed to Social,-11
Democratic: policies, formulated'a plan.under?I
which West Germany would eventually, .with
t,:!
draw from the North. Atlantic, Treaty:,Organiza=:.
tion and set itself on a-nonaligned course.
In return,. the Russians reportedly - would
give the West Germans a nonaggression
pledge and open the way. for a reunited,
neutral East and West Germany.
The U.S.
government..:has said ..it:;has seem :.no.
.evidence of such a plan.: = .'.-: ? :::: ~:
This concept surfaced 'in .. a: remark by
President' Carter's national security advf-
ser,. Zbigniew. Brzeainski;. that the Schmidt
government was set on a course of .-Self-!
Finlandization," a reference to the preca-l
rfous neutrality Finland maintains alon?7.1
side its powerful neighbor;, the'. Soviet
- .:
Union.
Pacepa's alleged statements;proriptedi
emergency session last week of the 'Bunn
destag,.the lower house of West Germany!g,
parliament, . which stripped- Holtz of;.his
parliamentary immunity.-.._
The vote was, urianimous,''*.Floh-r-bein-g!
among those voting to deny him protection:
against a police search, which as far as.' 111
known has uncovered no evidence sugt
port the charges...:. .__.. ,. .~ i
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ON PAGE
E-4F`ED
A ;.I ALE AF
ornaniatiesj
By Erie Bourne
Special correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor
Vienna
The recent defection of a high-level Romanian security offi-
tcer to the United States has imposed a sudden strain on U.S.-
Romanian relations.
U .S'. State Department Counsellor Matthew Nimitz, who is
described as a general trouble shooter, has paid a flying visit
to Bucharest to try to ease an acutely embarrassing turn in
Romania's relations with Washington.
As 'a "soothing" mission, as it' was unofficially termed, it
does not. seem to have been particularly successful. Signifi-
cantly, Mr.-: Nimitz's visit was not noted by the Romanian
media which normally are meticulous in such instances. -
.' While American sources say "it is business as usual in our
relations," other observers say the visit has done little to re-
move President Nicolae Ceausescu's displeasure and the strain..
imposed on relations by the defection..
As a result, the Soviet Union will be watching the case very
closely. The Kremlin already was angered by__the spectacle of__
Romania's playing host last month to their ideological enemy
from Peking
Inevitably, it is pointed out, the Romanian defector, Lt. Gen.
Ion Pacepa, would have had some access to material highly
sensitive to the Kremlin. -
And it is this fear that an opening may have, been created
for new Soviet pressures that is causing misgivings in Buch-
arest at a time when clouds hang over the most important of
Romania's wider Western relationships..
Trade Irritation
These days .Romanian officials are unable to evince any spe-
cial enthusiasm about the American connection.
Romania, for instance, has already been irked by its failure
to persuade Washington to place its trade agreement on a
long-term basis in place of the present annual review in order
to facilitate planning for the 1980s. -
The latest chill in the relationship. between the. two countries
was tied. to the disappearance in West Germany about six
weeks: ago of General Pacepa, a state secretary in the Mur
12 September 1978
detection jars
istry of the Interior which controls Romania's secret police.
and security services. .
The general belonged also to a carefully chosen group of
special counselors close to President Ceausescu - and had ac-
companied him on many of his overseas visits, including the
recent one to the U.S. -
General Pacepa "disappeared" in West Germany in late
July. At the time he was with a mission discussing a partner-
ship between Romania's aviation enterprise and a German-
Dutch company for the building of a'short-range passenger air-
liner:
Shortly afterward, it became known. that he had been flown
by the CIA to the U.S.
The subsequent investigation which-swept through the secu-.
rity services has already involved the removal of two govern-
ment ministers and reportedly also the detention of at least a
dozen senior Army and security officers.
Dismissals,not explained
One of the dismissed government members is Interior Min-
ister Teodor Coman, a member also of the party's political ex-
ecutive. The other is Nicolae Doicaru, another presidential
counselor and one-time first deputy interior minister.
No explanation for dismissal was given. in either case. A link
with the Pacepa case would seem evident
In a long talk with this reporter, during the mid-August visit
of Chinese Chairman Hua .Kuo-feng. a. very senior official in
the Romanian Foreign Ministry curtly declined to discuss the I
general's defection to the U.S. or the possibility- of its ad-
versely affecting the "special" relationship Romania has, es-
tablished with Washington despite its commitments within the
:. .
Soviet bloc.
But from informal talks with. other semiofficial contacts it is
clear that. the Pacepa case is. causing considerable appreheo-
sion that a defection from a group so close to the President
could cloud not only relations with the U.S. but prove also an
acute embarrassment in Romania's ever sensitive ties with
the U.S.S.R.
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BENTON.HARBOR:HERALD-PALLADIUM (MI.)
1 September 1978
PTA Men.
Its....Own Secitrit
Officials of the Central In- knowledge. The 'agency still might
telligence Agency probatJty,would. be in the dark if the FBI has not
be among a first. to admit agency come around asking if . such. a
security is something less that it' document was missing.
ought to be. First there were. the .';When . the former -,employee;
ex-agents who wrote books exposing -William P. Kampiles, was arrested,
other agents and no doubt causing.. it '-was.said his alleged crime had
serious disruptions>.-,in.?,the in done "irreparable. harm" to=the
telligence linkage. United States. Later, an unnamed
Now it is alleged..., a::. former., .:official was quoted as saying the
employee of the agency, a law-level.::harry .'done, wasn't all that-,-bad
employee at, that. not only.. had ac= because "the Russians' .know:: this
cess to secret documents copcernig Y`satellite has. been in orbit:. taking!
the ".big bird" reconnaissance sa picture of their country for. some!
tellites..but sold a technical manual time
of the project to the Russians. It0s`a safe. bet any material the,
As if that weren't enough;:;the. Russians.were willing to.payan.ex
stolen document' apparently. ~-has.. -: CLk agent: for is something: not
been missing a year, without.-.CIA..;.: helpful to the United States to. be
revealed. ': When; :the Senate-.::.In
telligence Committee has finished
investigating this latest securit
blunder,, it' should have . , some
interesting,-,suggestions on, how- the
CIA once again can. become,"a:usefu
intelligence. agency n:!_;:._.j'
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CHICAGO SUN-TIMES
3 September 1978
(0
Many loose ends. in 'case of
-former CIA ..employe
char. ged ~-wittelling ultra
sensitive defense secrets to:.-
soviet Union for $3, 000.
By Brian .Kelly
William Peter Kampiles, accused of- selling...
a Soviet agent-the most sensitive !-.fens,
secrets this-country has lost In decades,.. is
either one of the more damaging traitors In:
the history of U.S. Intelligence of a man
living a: hlghtmare that would seem more
plausible- as the-plot of a. clever spy,thriller.-
His -case - Is full -of many unexplained
details.-For Instance, It was Kampiles who
volunteered to the FBI the information; that.
led to his arrest, according to sources famil-
iar with the case.
After returning from- a trip to, Greece;
Kampiles is said by the sources to have told
former CIA colleagues that. he . had been
contacted by Russian agents- seeking Intelli-
gence Information.' Kampiles Is said by the
sources to have offered to act. as a double
agent, passing false, Information. to the Sovi-
ets.. It was after. the FBI, questioned him
about this that they. decided to charge him
With espionage.
IT WAS ALSO Kampiles who'told the FBI
about the missing document he. was ' later
charged with.stealing. It. was the first indi
cation the government had- that the. docu-
ment was gone.- -
The 23-year-old Chicago. area man Is de-
scribed by' friends as attractive. likeable
even patriotic:. He's had several high-paying;.:,
interesting jobs and his background Is. any
thing but suspicious.:::..t-. ' .:.: =
But. Kampiles, sitting in a. federal:. prison
cell here, is the- main character in a - curious..;
and preplexing espionage: case that . has:
caused concern at ' the highest levels. of .`
government...
A federal Indictment Iliad last ..week .
charges that in late winter of this year, the
former CIA, employe traveled to, Athens.
While there, -the indictment says, he'.sold a
technical manual to a Russian agent called !
"Michael," for $3,000. The indictment
charges him with six counts of espionage
T and theft of government secrets, charges
that could result in several' terms of life
Imprisonment if he is-convicted. He Is being.
held in lieu of $1 million cash bond: '.......
BUT BEYOND THE sparse indictment, the
government is saying nothing: All the sup-
porting documents that are supposed to.
detail the crime have been sealed and every.
federal,. agency involved-from the CIA and
FBI to=-the- Senate Intelligence .Committee-
will offer. only a -curt "no comment.".
The government's contention Is that If the
documents;. Kampiles= Is accused of stealing
'and the:dreumstances surrounding their loss .
.become public; it could ;"Irreparably damage -
national security." :The'stolen document Is--
widely believed to be., an 85-page manual
describing a top-secret photographic surveil-
lance satellite.
The satellite, nicknamed-'"Big Bird," Is
used to monitor Soviet-military activity and
takes pictures with remarkable clarity. It-
is:.-considered a central element. of. the: U.S.
Intelligence-gathering operation . and -the
most crucial part of the strategic arms,
limitation verification system.
The-case- has already. raised some serious"
questions for the Intelligence communitymost prominently how, a low-level'- officer
could have access, to such a- document and
bow it could be missing. for almost a year
before anyone found out, But there are also questions about Kam-
piles' alleged involvement. His background
gives no indication of any motivation for
selling the: document,--his-position:, with. the .
agency makes .it unlikely-:that. be-could have .
accomplished.`such-a, sale: _ : r_: _ strategic Importance,
What' makes' Iran 'so crucial is its geopoliti- 'most of the $20? billion in-U.S.. arms the Shah
cal position Former U.S. Ambassador to Iran..; has asked for in the 1970s have. been sold to
-and ex-CIA chief Richard Helms once brief him. Congress and the U.S. administration,
this re porter in his embassy"office in Tehrap..: with. a few recent exceptions,. approved them
"Iran, he said, pointing to a conic map pro gladly'
jection that illustrated his point. "is in political; ::. As the Shah faces both popular hostility and .
terms, the real center of the world." apparently organized subversion from a broad
Iran's extended land and Caspian Sea fron- spectrum- of his people, he resorts to growing
tiers with the Soviet Union,' violated by the So- ` military' might to suppress - it. The human
viet Red Army in the 1920s. and-again between rights dilemma in Iran suddenly takes center
1941 and 1946, have grown tougher. to defend stage again - both for him and for Presideht
Afghanistan, which has sensitive tribal and wa-, y
ter problems with both Iran and..Pakistan: .
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THE WASHINGTON POST
ARTICLE APPEARED 11 September 1978
ON PAGE A-3
Guesswhere the Central Intel-
ligence Agency sends its spy sat-
ellite '-pictures-to be' . developed.
and- printed?
The same place everybody else,
sends their vacation pictures. East
man Kodak in Rochester, N.Y..
Not the same photo lab, of
course. ? The CIA has :its own.
safeguarded lab at the-- Kodak
:works, which sends the- finish
.ed::: prints to a windowless:. build
ing:. at ?,i the Washington.. Navy
Yard ? calledthe- National: Photo-
graphic Interpretation Center;-.-
CIA:- ! 'headquarters-at Langley
doesn't' get to. see, the prints.. What
the headquarters types get are
the interpretations of the prints
that are made by the experts. at.
the Navy Yard. - The, prints,--are
filed in super-tough safes in the
same windowless building at., the
Navy Yard.
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CHICAGO TRIBUNE
13 September 1978
THE NOW SOCIETY
1"You. give no vibrations. Are:you a spy?"
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ARTICLE.APPEARED
ON PAGE-C 3_
THE WASHINGTON POST
10 September 1978
ItIh Trial'
gists
ONDON= For the first time since the notorious British
Official Secrets Act was passed. in. 1911,. two journalists
went on trial here last: week. facing charges under the act's
espionage section.. It convicted, they face prison terms of up
to 14 years...:
Their alleged crime. is to 'have delved too deeply into one
of the most sensitive areas of any government's operations,
communications -intelligence. One- of them. a brilliant 25.
year-old Oxford physics graduate named Duncan Campbell,
is accused of having his" apartment stuffed full of informa-
:lion which -could' be of direct use to an'enemy: The govern-
n ent has never suggested" that the information was passed
to an enemyagent=or,indeed,;that Campbell' intended" to
do so: Under the act it doesn't'have toc wis an offense sim-
ply to eollectany information about the workings of govern-
If the journalists go free - or are: Convicted :with token
sentences -the trial could. in the long run, help toshift the
boundary line between official. information.and the public's
right to: know ma : country where, a civil servant.who tells
anyone how many cups of -tea the governmentgives him in
:2 day. faces: twayears' imprisonment under along: discred-
ited section of the Official.SeeretsAct- as does the person
'.:.
:towhom hetells this.
Already the'pce?trls' hearing have' put the'government
and the judiciary' in some unflattering poses. In one embarL
rassing episode. the government sought to keep, secret the
identity of the Defense Ministry's star witness, but reporters
on two left-wing .fringa papers discovered the, name from
public.sources and . printed it.'Ia'another gesture: of defi-
ance, the witness' name. was written In huge letters in the
sand. outside the seaside -hotel where-a journalists' confer
ence was... bio'Qeld: ;-, - (
.~. . .. Sl7 i. %:.
Two Newsmen Are Firs
To Be Tried..Unde'rp:
lounge Section 'o
1Official Secrets-:Ac
moreover, an important connection has emerged between II
the Campbell affair and the summary expulsion from Brit.
aizti last year of _CIA whisteblQwer Philip Agee and U.S. jour.
nallst Mark 'HosenbalkiNo- explanation-was ever given by
the Labor- government for' the Agee-Hosenballexpulsion,
? and support for their plight-from British journalists and
civil libertarians was muted: In. comparison, the Campbell
case has produced some fiery reactions: :Even members of
?Parliament.helped expose the Defense Minhtry's star wit.'
mess by, mentioning his name ln'the House of Commons.
Radical... watchdog. groups have: joined. the fray: seeking
more openness in government here.:~;-; _ ;;:?: ,:
'A Strai htforward Defense;"`
EM . DEFENSEof the two journallift Campbell, who ie
on' the staff of the New ? Statesman; -and' Crispin
Aubrey, 31; a reporter on the radical London-weekly Time
Out, is straightforward: They were collecting information is
the course of their' reporting duties,:.. and that information
was all public It includes details of communications intelli-
gence gleaned from a former British army signal corps spe-
cialist, John Berry,.. 33, whom. the two journalists inter-
viewed immediately before they were arrested, in February,
=1977..Berry was arrested. with. them and is also, charged
under'the"espionage clause" of the act. The case has be.
.come: known as the "ABC.,Affair, after the names oL the
`ahree defendants..: a ? '? J~U_ 6:3
Berry's.defense 3s not so easy: He` was- arrested in. the 'act
of Offering, the journalists the benefitof 'his experiences is
the army, in flagrant contradiction of thea he-had signed
as a government employe..
Exactly what he told them may never be known, as that.
part of the trial will. be held in camera. The.government's
case is that the journalists, in-particular Campbell, whose
expertise gave him a special insight into the meaning of the
information, had. stepped beyond the. boundary -of what
should reasonably be public information. = .
The Official Secrets Act was first passed In.1889 after a foreign _office minion embarrassed the government by give
Ll~;` COSTS"
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?Ing a newspaper the details of a proposed. treaty with Rue.
sia. The act was reinforced twice - once in 1911, during a
Rave of fear of German spies, and again. in 1920, after the
Irish uprisings. The act has-two main parts: Section one was
originally designed-to cover espionage and Section-Two-
.the discredited part-covers any government information,
including cups of tea. The three defendants at.first.were
charged under Section Two of the act. But three months
after their arrest, the government took' the unusual. step of
u:c
adding the Section One charges.
Several. previous cases under Section Two of the act have
involved journalists, including a newspaper reporter who.
was charged with receiving information' on police move-
ments fronia telephone operatorand was fined $20. A sea
and journalist, charged with receiving and publishing a con.
fidential Foreign Office report about.the Nigerian civil, war,
was acquitted. ' Until now, no journalist had been charged
under Section One. .
At the time of the arrests last year it seemed, on the sm%
face at least, that Campbell and Aubrey had been picked up
simply because they had interviewed Berry.
Tight-lipped officials gave no clue' that there, might be
some connection with the deportation of Agee and Hosea
ball. a' few days earlier. Campbell. and'.Hosenball had re-
cently published an article in Time Out revealing the wide.
spread . monitoring of international, airwaves -by British
army intelligence. For the first time the acronym SIGINT,
as the branch of the army's secret signals intelligence opera.
tions is known, was published in the popular press. Al-
though there was no official'complaint about-the article, it
was widely thought that Hosenballwas deported because of
it. .. ':: j .:.. ,'
Berry, who is now a social worker, had offered his sera
does to the Agee-Hosenbai defense. committee, hoping to
.provide them. with information.. which would prevent
Hosenball's deportation.
A Former Phone Freak
C AMPBETI, with his technical''expertlse, had been
brought in by Time Out to quiz the soldier on communi-
cations intelligence.. Before going to the interview, Camp
bell noted a declaration in the House of Commons.by Home
Secretary Merlyn Rees,, which in effect said that under the
Labor government's promised reform of Section Two of the
Official Secrets Act,: mere receipt of official. information
would not, be an offense..;(This-promise was repeated in a.
government white paper: on the reform of the act last July.)
But it didn't work out that way...
Despite his youth, Campbell is a well-known *communica-
tions specialist While.still? at Oxford,.where he obtained a
first-class- degree in physics; he amazed and annoyed: the
bureaucrats who run the nationalized British telephone Sys-
'ten by cracking their dialing codes before they were pub.-
lished, thus enabling him to make long distance calls at local
rates. Campbell's favorite prank was to tall' the maternity
wing of Bethlehem's hospital on Christmas Eve to give his
best wishes to all new births.
Campbell. became associated with a secret phone freaks
club. In'a celebrated case,.the Post Office, which runs the
phone system, had all the club members' arrested at a clan-
destine convention in 1973 After an elaborate trial the
group. was acquitted, the judge dismissing them as intellea.
tual.pranksters....
" ' After Oxford; Campbell began to write for technical mar
gazines on communications and in one article trod on more
official toes by revealing that Britain was in the process of
selling South Africa a sophisticated: communications net-
work, usable for internal military purposes, in defiance of
the United Nations arms embargo.-.
Despite the absence of any official reaction to his increas:
ingly sensitive articles, Campbell must have been annoying
the British intelligence community. The area in which he:
used his specialized ;knowledge had never been probed
,quite so professionally. by any journalist, and those Intelli-
gence officials who had been operating behind the cover of
the Official Secrets Act didn't like it.
After th& arrest- detectives from the Special Branch, Br-
tain's?FBI, presumably acting on orders from MI5, the inter-
3W security police, began to investigate Campbell's contacts.
An old friend who' had sent him a Christmas card had his,
apartment searched. A monk who had told-him about some
strange4ookingantennae on a hi71'in northern England was i
investigated.. The monkis to produce evidence for the prose.. The Secret Witness..-, . _...,. _ _ .
T A HEARING;. Campbell's- lawyers: argued that "See.
Alion One of.the act was designed for use against skunks
-against spies, saboteurs and traitors,"'not "against a, fetes'
ret, an investigative journalist, like Duncan Campbell, a
journalist who had gone about his business zealously, per.
have overenthusiastically, but not dislaalty." -
The question of disloyalty under the act, however, hangs.
not on whether Campbell passed on the-information but on.~
the fact that he collected it and on the fact that the Defense.
Ministry'says it is of use to an enemy. To date, the'prosecu
tion has not alleged that any of the information collected by-1
Campbell was either official or secret. The evidence against
Campbell consists'of about: 1,000 pages of material copied.
from his files. , M:.. .
Sere enters the extraordinary episode of the unveiling of
the ministry's star witness. It is not uncommon in a? British
court of law for. a witness to be given anonymity.- to pro.
.test a. rape or blackmail victim. But, for verification pur-
poses, the' name is always known to. both prosecution and
defense counsel The, government sought to go beyond this
'rule of thumb. The identity of their first shadowy expert;*
"Lt CoL A,"'was so secret, they said, that the- defense law-
yers must not have-his name. The magistrates objected::say
ing this was unacceptable- procedure:? Sothearmy produced
'a'"CoL B:" His name was given to the 'defense lawyers, who
were instructed to keepit secret.
Under pre-trial crossexamination,."CoL B"'admittedthat
his name had appeared in the officiar'journal of the Royal
Corps of Signals,.where he was once referred to as the "Don
of the Communications Underworld." This periodical, "The
Wire," is freely available to the public and it didn't take an
already aroused left-wing press long to unearth the colonel's
'Identity from it.
? Two journals, Peace News, which "flourished, during the
ban-the-bomb marches of the'60s, and the Leveller, a newer
left-wing weekly, ignored the court's directive to keep "Cot.
B's" name secret The National' -.TJnion of Journalists'
monthly newspaper, which circulates, to 30,000 members;
col I j
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The government immediately began. contempt proceed
ings against all three publications and was about to fin
them when four Labor members mentioned the colonel's
name during a debate in the House.of Commons.ln doing so
they were covered from contempt by parliamentary privi-
lege. The colonel's name was then in the official parliamen~
tary record for all to see. For. newspapers not to publish its
became academic.
The government. attempted to salvage something from
the farce by issuing a directive to-editors that the name
should not be mentioned. Editors, in the name of press free-
dom, published it all the same - the only exception being
the conservative Daily Telegraph. But since Peace News, the
Leveller and the journalists' journal had printed the name-
before it was mentioned in Parliament, the lord chief jus-
tice fined them for floating a.court decision. The Leveller
and Peace News were fined $1,000 each and the journalists'
.pa~P?M .-_ ... _:3. ~.. .ti..
Now. the government is said to, be producing.yet'an~other
anonymous witaess,.a.' ir.G? ..
Technicall 'GniI
A-.s THE TIAL Begins, it alltde-
fendants'are technically guilty. The'-act effectively. de.
nies a defense to any unauthorized person who has handled
any information..The soldier.passed on the information and
thejournalistsreceived it.
Iu 'the ? same way, .Anatoly Scharansky was-technically-
guilty of passing information to Robert Toth of the Los An- 'I
geles Times. The question still remains: Was the information
of use to western intelligence and, therefore, was Scharans
ky's crime treasonable?
In a parallel case in the United States, Ronald Humphrey .
and David Truong were recently convicted in a federal
court of passing allegedly secret documents to the Vietnam..
ese. They admitted the physical act but, again, the question
reinains-Was their information of material use to the Viet.
nameseY:.
When the:government opened its case here lastweek it
did .concede that much of the information, not .all, that
Campbell had in his possession had been published. But it al.
leged that Campbell had use his skills as a physicist to fit to.
pieces of a jigsaw in order to.present a picture that
might be valuable, to a potential enemy .What he had done,
declared-the prosecution-counsel,.had gone beyond the or-
dinary inquisitiveness of a journalist. The counsel also main
twined thatCampbelL although not working as a spy and not
..communicating. with spies, had beea.willing, to passion his
-information.:';.':'.
These two claims, which will be vigorously contested by
-`the defense, ensure that-the. conclusion of the " ABC"Affair"
_ .will be fundamentally important to the continuing debate
about the public's right to know about government opera..
ions- -
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GD
ON PAGE 12 SEPTE'aER 1978
World
Ratna Sari Dewi... new charges
against the CIA:: -.
JAKARTA,:. Indonesia-Ratna Sari
Dewi, the widow of President Sukarno of.
Indonesia, Monday accused the CIA and
former, Japanese Prime Minister Eisaku
Sato.,of involvement in. the abortive coup
staged by Communists in Indonesia in
1965: .
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THE WASHINGTON POST
ARTICLE APPEARED 12 September 1978
ON PAGE B-7-
W1%
Snepp Seeks Pennission
To' Publlsli ~'wa `Arficles
01
By JaneSeaberry CIA's.intelligence:-may be made pub-
. . ,,
Waawnston Post st is writer-,; ; : liC.'.:?. y - .
Former Central, Intelligence~Agency,- ':According to Snepp's affidavit; last.
agent Frank W. Snepp III has asked a Thursday he completed an essay that
federal judge' to stay his:: order re-?
-stricttng what Snepp can write about. "is a reflection on.fiow'government of-
the CIA and allow him to publish an ficials `compromise their-. personal be-
essay on government officials and:. a. ; liefs and views: in order to stay in step
romantic short story about`.; a.- CIA-. '.' with official policies and perceptions
agent in Saigon. of .events:. The- essay includes a num-
Last July,. after a two-day hearing- berof -vignettes. concerning State De.;
on the publication of "Decent. Inter- partment.officials whom I knew in~Vi-
val," Snepp's -unauthorized account of etnam while serving with the CIA.'.
CIA operations. in Vietnam, U.S. Dis- The essay "also includes reflection
trict Court Judge Oren R. Lewis ruled on the compromises which I made
that Snepp' could. not. write anything while in government service" and in-
about the CIA without prior agency formation on the U.S. involvement in
Vietnam that has. already, been made
;- ::.? publi c' Snepp said.
Yesterday Snepp said in a three. -
page affidavit that .the' ruling .prohib-. ,. .. Snepp said he finished last Sunday
its him from submitting.-to two.. na- a short story "set in Saigon concern-
tional magazines two recently com- ing a romantic relationship- between a
pleted articles touching on his exper- . CIA officer and a French woman. The.,
iences. as a CIA. officer in Vietnam. story is based on observations which 1.
Snepp has asked that the judge stay made while serving with.. the CIA in
his order pending. appeal of the'rul- Vietnam." ing so: that, he. can continue-his. new . Lewis' ruling places "a real and')
found career as a-writer-- present burden on my First Amend
Snepp claims- Lewis" rulingis"over meat right to publish and my Fifth
broad concerning- the two articles and ...Amendment right to practice my eho-
that neither contains. classified infor sen profession," Snepp said in the af-
mation. During Snepp's trial, the gov- fidavit,- ...
ernment.? never contended that his Lewis' refuses to grant a stay,
book contained. classified material. Snepp's lawyers will, ask that the or-
But Lewis said that "Snepp is not. the der be lifted concerning:: just the two
judge of what portions, .,,if*, asiy, of., articles, according: to court papers.
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THE WASHINGTON POST
ARTICLE APPEARED 14 September 1978
ON PAGE A-18
o
A, 10dV Details U.S. Misgivings
Angola I
overt Military Operations.i ere Mounted in 1975 Despite: the 'Longest of Odds'
By Jim Hoagland
Wasbiartoa?Pestai. twrltar~,~ .`. .
One of Henry A- Kissingel'-s.Drinc1-
pal aides during the;' An fola. crisis of
1975 reports in 'a:'forthcoming maga- .
rifle article that the'Ford: administra;,
tion " mounted covers;':. military opera
lions in Angola. despite a :strong con-
viction by -they officials' most 'directly,
involved that: the effort would fails
it'd ultimately-damage-American.-i
erests abroad:. ,. . .
Providing` the first., public account
"by a high-level insider :of. the: policy
attle- over Angola,. Nathaniel Davis
writes -in the' fall`.,issue`of', the quar-
:erly journal Foreign Affairs that Kis-
singer and President Ford seemed. to
relieve during both the final weeks of
:Vietnam and the.Angola? crisis ."that- it
.was better to roll. the dice against the
`congest of odds than, to abandoa?the
competition against-- our great - adver-
.i rat," the Soviet. Union-
Kissinger "saw. Angola as'part:'of
-the U.S.-Soviet relationship; . and.'not
an African, problem," argues"Davis,
:gho served as assistant secretary of
?Rate for African 'affairs' under Kis-
singer from March to July 1975, when
:,fie- secretly. resigned because! of his
differences with Kissinger and Ford`'
'Asked for comment;: Kissinger said
Aat he was. "astonished that a serving
nbassador would publish such a one-
'slded and distorted view of events and?-
the State-Departments-has cleared
%ch a piece it is not conducive- to
'Aonpartisan foreignpolicy"
Quoting- from ,two highly, classified
.gnemos- that he : prepared during the.
'$tense?policy-debate;. Davis portrays
-himself. and. other senior officials as
:arguing. that Angola had to be treated"
-is a diplomatic-political -problem' that.
,3ould be solved. in an African: context.
~, The account by the career, diplomat
,which was cleared for publication;
fly the State Department at Davis' re-
C -gguest.-appears only-a few months af-
:Ier the same kind of policy battle over
desponding to Russian actions in the
nflicts of Ethiopia and Somalia and
.,-of Zaire's Shaba _Province surfaced In
ffe the carter administrations
Although ' partialt ac counts 3 of .,the
1975 Angola pollcy'struggle and Davis'
resignation were eventually-.leaked to.
reporters,,Davis himself had?sought:to
keels=them'; secret until.:. now: His ac..
cons . entitled a."Memoir; is his first:
effort to explain publicly- the painful
dilemma.he felt: the. Angola cri'sis.repr-
resented for him.
It is an account filled. with strong.,.
suggestions of manipulation of the bu--.
reaucracy and the-press not' only to
preserve secrecy but. also to improve
the chances. for getting presidential
acceptance of covert operations..
:. Davis` draws a number of parallels
betweew',, the dangers of covert in-
volvement in Angola and initial U.S.
involvement In Vietnam.;. He. states
that Kissinger seemed to, share fully
those perceptions, but eventually ov-
errode them to go more deeply into
'Angola.
"I believe the secretary is right in
his conviction-if : I understand his
views-that if we go in, we must go in
quickly, massively, and decisively
enough. to avoid the: tempting, grad-
ual, mutual escalation that character-
ised Vietnam :during the 1965.67 pe-
riod," Davis- wrote in a.-memorandum
on July 12, 1975..": - . If we are to have
a test of-strength :-withthe Soviets,. we
should -find -a:;..more-advantageous =
X. place: a... ...., . =4; ..-
head : off-- a: Central:.:; Intelligence
Agency covert. Operations proposal for.;-
Angola?ordered' up by the adnlinistra
' lion' in April. He : urged Kissinger and
"Ford instead= to adopt the, "diplomatic-
option" developed at the same time by
a high-level interagency task force on
Angola;.which suggested. that the ad-
ministration work with Portugal and a
few- key African countries to reduce
the flow of arms to the three warring
black nationalist factions.
The task-force included senior rep-
resentatives from the CIA
Defense
,
Department, National Security Coun-
cil and. other agencies involved in At.
rican policy; Davis writes that the
task force--"in its great majority" fa-
vored the diplomatic option and op-
posed the 'covert Intervention, which
"would.:. commit:..U.S. resources and
prestige in. a situation the outcome-of.
which.waa is doubt an over which I
we could at best exercise. limited in-'
fluence.'
But: the task; force diplomati c recce
ommendation-.=was. rewritten on In- t
structions?from: the- National Security'
Council staff to.give: equal weight to
two other- options;' a, complete hands.
'.off policy'or?militaryintervention. ac.:
cording to: a report of the House Se-
: sect Committee.-,on Intelligence that:
was published in' February 1978 and-
which Davis quotes. with evident ap-
proval.
Davis suggestshe was also bureau.:
cratically outflanked at the crucial.
July 14? meeting' of Kissinger's highly'
secret "Forty Committee," a high-lever
review, body for covert actions. Davis:
asked to be present at the meeting to>
argue his case, but he notes that he
"was not invited- to the meeting. it
ended with an order for further study
of the covert operation plan.
Within a week, Ford had approved a
$6 million guns-and-cash. operation for
the Angolan forces of Holden Roberto
and Jonas Savimbi, according to the
House Intelligence Committee report..
A month later, the figure had gradu-
ally escalated to $14 million,, and,
reached $32'million before the Senate
legislated an end- to the covert. sup--
port on Dec. 19.
Davis, who has served at lowerlevei
posts since his break with Kissinger,
is currently state department adviser
at the Naval War College, He de-
scribes his. Opposition- entirely on
pragmatic grounds. He suggests at
several points that he did not disagree.
with Kissinger's concern' over Russian-
moves in Africa and he sidesteps the
question of his own. views on the prin
ciple of covert action-in. such situa
tions ? _
In the July memo. he submitted to
Kissinger through Undersecretary- of?
State Joseph J. Slsco, Davis argued
that the CIA proposal "grossy.under
estimates, the' -risks ' of
abroad" because- of the. op~eraton s '
high 'visibility. The CIA had- Instead
stressed the danger of leaks in. Wash-
ington and the. need to restrict infor
mation to Congress, Davis notes. -
The. Russians; Davis
would
quickly know of theAm erican. s erguedsupport
for, the Robert o and Savimbi forces
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cil
and could easily increase- their-sups
plies to their .: client, 'the. Popular
Movement for the Liberation of An.
gola. He described the Roberto and
Savimbi forces as having serious mill.
tare weak points, and noted that Sa.
vimbi was reported to be' receiving.
SJuth African assistance, a link that
Would cause problems with . African
opinion.
jn a section that gives a broader
.scope to the CIA proposal than has
previously been officially confirmed
the July 12 memo noted that "the CIA
paper envisages covert CIA-Organized.!
military training, organization orien-
tation and, leadership," along the lines
of 'CIA activities "in the Vietnam hign?
lands and elsewhere in East Asia."
Davis- resigned immediately
Ford approved the covert'optfon . j
was offered. a job as ambassador to
Switzerland. He Paints, the period
that followed his resignation as a
difficult-:Lime of feeling that he could
not talk-about his resignation without
disclosing the covert. operation.:'
The article discloses that Davis and'
Kissinger aide Lawrence S. Eaglebur-
ger deliberately scheduled Davis to be
on vacation. on July 28 when the Sen.
ate. Foreign; ? Relations African sub.
committee began hearings. at which
,Davis should have testified. When
The Washington Post discovered the
resignation a month later, Davis ac
quiesced in what he now calls' "a'
cover story" that he had quit because)
of the frustration of "working against
too many Psychological obstacles";
from African and congressional oppo.
sition.
The secret Angola operation first
came to public-notice on Sept. 25 in a
New York Times report that reported
that. both "East and West," including!
the United States, were lions: of dollars covertly Pouring milt
and Angola. Davis into Portugal
sue. writes that he is
Puzzled why that particular re?'
Port . "had so; little Impact in the
United States," but suggests that it
was because the story's, sources put
the main emphasis on the political a,.
tivity in Portugal rather than the4
military operation in Angola. and- be.j
cause-it `-:'emphasized Soviet:. . action
in support, of the leftists in Angola.
"
Staff. ~researcher_Jane Freunder,'j:
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INDIANAPOLIS STAR
29 August 1978
= . w ~ 'o_ rotectZ
.CIA -Agen'
Jde~tities Urged
"' r' l TNR STAR'S WASHINGTON BUR!AU
Washington - Rep. John T. Myers
-ER-Ind:), in a newsletter Monday, said he
hopes the House Intelligence Committee
will quickly take up legislation to protect
identities of CIA agents.
"Since it is not now a crime to identify
intelligence- employees, they- are the
target of assassins. around. the world,"
Myers said. "It is' obvious that simple
patriQtism is no longer a- guarantee of
anonymity'for -these brave Americans. It
appears -only- the: certainty of- a long
prison term and a-harsh fine will serve
.as. a deterrent to those-who--seek- to
.jeopardize the. lives of their fellow Amen
Myers noted that he had introduced a
bill calling for. a 10-year prison term and
110,000 fine for identifying or tending to
.identify. any: intelligence agent.. The: b?
died in :the. last Congress. and was. re'
,troduced in 1977, but so far has receiv
pia committee attention.
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,ARTICLE AP ARED.
@ E
CHICAGO TRIBUNE
11 SEPTEI4BER 1978
as Hauser charges that junta. troops the coup,. Horaian and his guest, Ter
arrested and. killed Norman-proba- ry Simon;., met another: American;.
sly with the knowledge 6f-U.S.. offs- Arthur Creter. Creter claimed to be.a...
cials and perhaps under their orders "retired" US Navy engineer living.
-because Norman had stumbled onto in Panama.
_ ?
signst that' Washington was involved . -..< .:,., ... ,,;,,..,,..
THE BOOK MENTIONS notes kept
in the- co-* ... by Miss . Simon' and Norman, a free
Hauser told' UPI that he hopes his lance writer, and those notes. quote
book, "The Execution of Charles Hor- ' Creter as - saying: "I am; here with
man," will' spark a congressional in. the -U.S. Navy.. We came down: to do
vestigation -into Horman's death. a job and it's done:'.'-
"Charles Horman was killed, be- "We seem to. be: stranded in the,. .
cause- he knew too much, and this middleot-a monumental victory cele-,,
vas: done between the CIA.-and .the bration and, the winning. team:_as--;'
local authorities,'.. the book quotes a sumes we're wholeheartedly, . on . its
former Chilean. army intelligence offi- side,', Miss Simon wrote in: thanotes:,
'--~v_ ------ "'""'? .Stranded:at the Miramar Hotel
denie3'ezecuting either ? author Thom:
..was found' an Oct. 2:. New York Emend ona tour to Viva on
Homan was-taken.. from his home 'ef was quolen as saying.- i. saw tne.
in Santiago on s ept, 1T His body was guys who brought him here.
officially identified , one Oct::-'18. The '''The. book said Horiaan, who'imoved#=
other dead American,.. Frank Teruggi with his wife Joyce to- Chile. is:mid
of Des- Plaines, Ill , :was arrested in 1972, saw- signs of U.S. involvement .:
his home on Sept: 20---and his -body in the coup when he took-: a visiting
.
o
u
z
out
Charles Hormae 31, of New York, a three.-, .
was one of the twoAmericaris among days.. after. Norman was arrested:: He;>
said he heard Lutz say that Hormam:
the- reported ": thousands 'of.. people ``has to disappear."
killed in the: Sept:: It; 4073j---military r;
coup . that ousted Marxist President '.'Charles Horman was brought.
because.` he "knew too much" about and an unknown American: man were -r
U.S. involvement, anew book says, in the office of Army- Intelligence
Chief Gen
A t
L
t
b
`bloody"military coup five years ago GONZALEZ I3 'quoted ii' saying he:--,.
NEW,: YORK [UPI]-CIA agents cer, Rafael Gonzalez, as saying, Gon.
may.. have. ordered the execution of zalez fled Chile this year-
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cU)
cI V
Bureau- Chief Richard. Bradee pointed out. that the CIA
A. recent article-by- Milwaukee Sentinel Washington-
Less thaw.1& months ago, a religious dispute between
two Moslem sects resulted in- 134 hostages being held in
three Washington. buildings: One died and several. were
wounded ' in " that episode before a negotiated release of
the hostages was arranged. -K - -
Who knows!when.,something that serious might oc-
cur again?-And how well prepared..is-the-.US 'to. deaf
with such a situation today?..;
MILWAUKEE SENTINEL
24 August 1978
U`S ,Must Act to Defuse .
Terrorist. Time. Bomb-
The taking of: eight hostages by two Croatian terror-
?ists in Chicago accentuates the need for more effective
planning to combat political terrorism In this country.
The Croatians; appeared to be somewhat uncertain of
themselves and released all the hostages after 10 hours;
surrendering unconditionally.
But had. they. been a little more,desperate,-or a little
more- cunning. in::.exploiting the,fear of terror. the ind-
dentinight.have been-tragic.
Care in protecting the rights'of Americans is in order.
But that protection must be reconciled with the fact
that the time bomb of more widespread terrorism may
now.. be ticking away while law enforcement authori-
ties have no means of defusing it. As one staff member
of the House International' Relations Committee which
has been investigating terrorism noted: "There are a lot
of refugees:from.terrorism coming here and they may
attract a hit.
Unfortunately; the nature of modern terrorism is that
the perpetrators. are-not selective in picking their-vic-
tims; The effective. terrorist intimidates society in 'gen-
eral and this,mostoften is done by threatening an-inno-
cent bystander rather than one's enemy:
Consequently, it' is imperative that :a national policy
aimed at identifying and- maintaining surveillance on.
potential terrorists: be. formulated.. When terrorism
strikes, the nation's duty to its citizens will demand that.
innocent bystanders be.protected.:; -.:~
In the US. Meantime, the CIA and FBI,. through restric-
tive legislation, .have lost much of their ability to keep
track of--potential terrorists. The attorney general. has,
even -been cited for contempt of. court for refusing. to
disclose thousands of pages of-Investigative files..
Given much : justified concern : about. the excesses in
such. investigations.-in the. previous decade; Congress
has been reluctant' to loosen the reins on the investiga
tive agencies. At the same time-,; action is being pursued
to prevent what-amounts to old style terrorist tactics
such as skyjacking And. to punish. nations that dto . not
deal with terrorists within their own boundaries.'.
_.-,,,
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"'ICLE APPEARED
Ay' L
ON PAGE __ -__ ___
THE SATURDAY EVENING POST
September 1978
WAR ON ~ 7I tIT
"Unless something is done, we are in grave danger of doing what the
Soviet Union has long tried to do: cripple the FBI and CIA."
y WUNT9ME. Simon
Have you ever heard the name
John M. Maury? Like Victor
Marchetti and Philip Agee, he is a
former member of the. CIA, but
unlike them, he is not a disgrun-
tled former employee. He carries
no grudge against the CIA. He has
not written a book betraying gov-
ernment secrets and endangering
the lives of CIA agents. Perhaps if
he had done these things, his re-
cent appearance before a congres-
sional committee would have at-
tracted the attention it deserved.
In his testimony, Mr. Maury, a
veteran of 27 years with the CIA,
stated that a former Soviet intel-
ligence officer had told him that
the top priority of Soviet intelli-
gence was "to put out the eyes of
our enemy by disrupting and dis-
crediting his intelligence service."
This is not the first time we have
been given this warning.
As far back as 1965, Repre-
sentative Melvin Price placed in
the Congressional Record an ex-
cerpt from a Soviet document
stating that the fundamental task
of the KGB-the Soviet secret
police-was to "destroy the con-
fidence of the Congress and the
American public in U.S. personnel
and agencies engaged in anti-Com-
munist and Cold War activities."
On' April 14, 1976, the highly re-
spected C. L. Sulzberger, who re-
cently retired as foreign affairs
columnist of the New York Times,
wrote: "It is believed Moscow has
found a way to paralyze the Unit-
ed States by striking at its two
principal warning security services.
As a consequence of such opera-
tions ... the effectiveness of the
CIA and the. FBI is held to have
been rendered extremely anemic
by apparent internal U.S. political
arguments."
Thus, we have been warned.
What deeply concerns me is that
we heed the warnings. Judging
from recent events, it' doesn't
seem that we are. Unless some-
thing is done-unless the American
people are prepared to act now-
we are in grave danger of doing
what the Soviet Union has long
tried to do: cripple the FBI and
the CIA.
One of the most dramatic ex-
amples of how far we have gone
astray=of how we accommodate
the Soviet Union-vas the in-
dictment last year of John J.
Kearney. Although the Justice De-
partment has recently dismissed
all charges against Mr. Kearney,
his case provides a perfect illustra-
tion of how we are persecuting the
people charged with protecting
our security.
After devoting 25 years of his
life to the FBI, Kearney retired
from the Bureau in 1972 with an
immaculate record and the respect
and'affection of his colleagues. In
April of 19.77, five years after he
retired, he was indicted on five
criminal counts by the U.S. De-
partment of Justice, his former
employer. What are the "crimes"
Kearney was accused of? Graft?
Bribery? No.
From 1970 until his retirement
in 1972, Kearney was supervisor
of Squad 47, the New York-based
FBI unit whose assignment was to
track down the Weather Under-
ground. This was the terrorist
group, you will recall, that had de-
clared war on the United States,
vowing to adapt the guerrilla
strategy of the Vietcong to the
United States, which it did with a
malignant proficiency, planting+
bombs from coast to coast.
In its search for this band of
bombers and saboteurs, Squad 47
tapped the phones of 10 people;
and opened the mail of 16 people
-authoritatively believed to be con-i
tacts and associates of the Weather
Underground. It was for these
activities that the Justice Depart-
!
ment charged Kearney with two!
counts of obstructing correspon
dence, two counts of conspiracy,;
and one count of illegal wiretap- i
ping-despite the fact that mail;
opening and .wiretapping were in-
vestigative techniques used by the
FBI and other security agencies;
under five Presidents and their at
torneys-general. As Attorney Gen
eral Griffin Bell admitted t9 a:
Senate subcommittee shortly after
the Kearney. indictment, what
Kearney did "has been going on l:
for 40 years in this country." The
Supreme Court, in 1972, ruled
that warrants were required for
taps on domestic organizations,
but the decision did not become I;
effective until after Kearney had
retired. Furthermore, the Court
did not require warrants if those
tapped had "significant" ties with
a foreign power. Lest there be any
doubt about the Weather Under-
ground's ties with a foreign power,
the FBI has compiled a 400-page
report detailing the Weather
Underground's relationship with
foreign powers, particularly Fidel
Castro's Cuba, a frequent host to
members of the Weather Under-
ground since the terrorist cadre's
formation in 1969.
Frankly, I haven't the slightest
doubt why . the Justice Depart-
ment decided against prosecuting
John Kearney. Everybody hates to
lose. But the Justice Department
hasn't given up its prosecution of
the FBI. It has just chosen new
targets. -
cONTINUO
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The same day that Attorney
General Bell announced the dis-
missal of the charges against
Kearney, he also announced the
es of rnn-
indictmen+c on char
g
`,`
U
spiring to violate the civil liberties
of relatives and acquaintances of
the Weather Underground fugi-
tives, of three former high-ranking
members of the FBI: L. Patrick
Gray III, a former acting director
of the FBI; W. Mark Felt, a. former
associate director of the FBI; and
Edward S. Miller, a former as-
sistant director in charge of the
FBI's intelligence division. Obvi-
ously, the war on the FBI contin-
ues.
Along with the indictments of
Gray, Felt, and Miller, Attorney
General Bell announced that he
would initiate "administrative dis-
ciplinary proceedings" against J.
Wallace LaPrade, the director of
the FBI's New York office during
its hunt for the Weather Under-
ground. As if his estimation of
LaPrade wasn't already clear, Mr.
Bell then passed suggestions that
he would welcome LaPrade's resig-
nation, not only from his New
York command, but from the
FBI.
Mr. Bell also announced that he
was recommending that FBI Di-
rector William H. Webster initiate
disciplinary , proceedings against
the 68 agents of Squad 47 who
engaged in the pursuit of the
Weather Underground. For a man
who has expressed such great con-
cern about the FBI's low morale,
he certainly goes about boosting it
in a bizarre fashion. Though
LaPrade and the agents of Squad
47 don't face any criminal punish-
ment, the public spanking that Mr.
Bell seems anxious to administer
could well make them vulnerable
to civil damage suits, which are
growing ever more popular among
the enemies of the intelligence ser-
vices, to say nothing of what it
will -ao to their career. As a result
of his indictment, John Kearney is
now the target of a series of civil
suits brought by fans of the
Weather Underground.
In May of last year, shortly
after John Kearney's indictment,
former Ambassador Clare Boothe
Luce, former Senator James L.
Buckley, and I decided to do
something to make the odds
against people like John Kearney a
little fairer. We realized that a
thorough, painstaking defense
against the abundant. resources of
the Federal Government is diffi-
cult and expensive. But we also
realized that many Americans
throughout the country were as
outraged as we were about what
was being done to the FBI-and
would not want it to stand alone
any longer: It was this assurance
that led us to form the Citizens'
Legal Defense Fund for the FBI.
In the months since, we have seen
how justified our assurance was.
There was an overwhelming out-
pouring of support for Kearney,
ranging all across the political
spectrum, embracing people in
every walk of life. Along with the
support of 78 members of Con-
gress, about 15,000 people have
made donations, including Charles
Addams, the cartoonist; Eric Hof-
fer, the longshoreman-philoso-
pher; Frank Borman, the former
astronaut; Senator Barry Gold-
water; and. Leon Jaworski, the
Watergate prosecutor.
There have been countless
touching letters. One man, on the
chance that Kearney were to be
convicted and sentenced to jail,
wondered if it would be possible
for him to serve the sentence in
his place, saying he was "retired,
ready, and willing."
Besides receiving the support of
thousands of private citizens, we
have discovered that the Defense'
Fund has also greatly boosted the l
morale of the people in the intel-
ligence services. Until our group
was formed, there was no citizens' l
group organized to lend moral
support to the intelligence com-
munity and financial assistance to
agents and former agents under in-
vestigation or indictment for their
efforts in defending America.
Thanks to the support we receiv-
ed, we were able to hire Edward
Bennett Williams, the famed trial
attorney, to represent Kearney-
part of the reason, no doubt, the
Justice Department was willing to
drop its case against him.
The Defense Fund, aside from
assisting Gray, Miller, and Felt, is
also helping 122 active and former
special agents in obtaining and re-
taining legal counsel in connection
with their appearances before
Grand Juries investigating the FBI
tactics in pursuit of such as the
Weather Underground. As men-
tioned before, many FBI agents
and officials, along with their
counterparts in the CIA and other
agencies, have become targets of a
rash of civil suits, asking damages
running into the millions of dol-
lars. Although legislation has been
introduced to provide individual
defendants in* such cases with im-
munity from damage judgments-
in the belief that people shouldn't
be financially ruined for perform-
ing. duties they thought were law-
ful-the legislation is being bitterly
challenged by a wide array of
powerful groups, many of which,
not coincidentally, are eager par-
ticipants in the civil suits.
It is fear of potential future
prosecution that poses such a
threat to the FBI. "I feel that I
should consult a lawyer before
carrying out an assignment," an
agent was quoted as saying shortly
after John Kearney's indictment.
"How can I know if my superiors
are acting properly? Or, even if
they are, that some lawyer in Jus-
tice, isn't going to interpret some-
thing as a crime that previously
was standard procedure." At-
- I
Send contributions to:
Citizens' Legal Defense Fund
for the FBI
Suite 808, 95 Madison Avenue,
New York, N.Y. 10016
torney General Bell's intention to
punish the agents of Squad 47 has
opened the FBI's wounds even
further. The agents in the New
York office, according to one ac-
count, now seem "extremely cau-
tious, circumspect-almost indif-
ferent." At a time when America
is confronted- by the gravest
threats in its history, can we af-
ford to allow this kind of thinking
to permeate the agencies that are
charged with protecting our na-
tional security? They are handi-
capped enough as it is.
An FBI' agent has recently writ-
ten a letter to the Defense Fund
detailing exactly how severely
hamstrung the FBI is. Stressing
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that he was writing not in his offi-
cial capacity but rather as an
"American citizen deeply concern-
ed with what is happening," the
agent wrote that prior to his de-
parture from the Justice Depart-
ment, former Attorney General
Edward Levi, Bell's predecessor,
imposed new guidelines for the
FBI's domestic security investiga-
tions that virtually strip the Bu-
reau of the intelligence function
the courts have said it has a duty
to carry out. The guidelines are so
strict that they confer virtual im-
munity from investigation of
Communist fronts and many ter-
rorist groups. (Example: the agent
noted that the Communist Party
of the United States-which the
Supreme Court has found to be
controlled by the Kremlin-is now
immune from investigation.) In
September of 1976, FBI Director
Clarence Kelley revealed that the
Bureau's internal security inves-
tigations had dropped from
21,414 in mid-1973 to only 626':.
as of September 1976 (78 or-
ganizations and 548 individuals)..!
Although this represented a cut of
97 percent, the number of in-
vestigations has continued to j
plummet: the .General Accounting I
Office recently reported that only
17 organizations and 130 individ-
uals are now being investigated.;
The GAO says only 143 special
agents are now. assigned to do-
mestic security work, compared to
788 in 1975.
. In the past, the Bureau received
great quantities of information
from the CIA and other agencies
that operate abroad. Now this.
flow, of information is evaporat-
ing, in part because of two laws
passed by Congress: the Freedom
of Information Act, which gives
individuals and groups the right to
obtain information about them-
selves, held by government
agencies; and the Privacy Act,
which bars the government from
releasing information on anyone
without his consent. Many state
and local agencies, because of
these laws, are withholding infor-
mation from the. FBI out of fear
that their informants
and sources will be
compromised by dis-
closures. compelled
by the Freedom of
Information Act.
The reverse is also
true. The FBI is not '
giving police and
other local law en-
forcement agencies
the information they
need out of fear of
violating the Privacy
Act. On top of all
this-on top of the
threat of criminal in-
dictments, the threat
of civil suits, the
stringent new guide-
lines, the drastic re-
. duction in intelli-
gence personnel-the
agents must also con-
tend with something
called the Campaign to Stop Gov-
ernment Spying, an umbrella
group composed of many organi-
zations, ranging from the Ameri-
can Civil Liberties Union and
Americans for Democratic Action
to recognized Communist fronts
such' as the National. Lawyers
Guild and the National Emergency
Civil Liberties Committee.' The
purpose of this Campaign to Stop
Government Spying is unmistak-
able. It seeks nothing less than to
paralyze our intelligence services,
the same goal-need I repeat?-as
the Soviet KGB, a goal that seems
perilously close to being realized.
Last year, Robert Moss, editor
of the Economist's Foreign Re-
port, took to the pages of the
London Sunday Telegraph to urge
his countrymen not to do to their
intelligence services what has been
done to America's. To demon-
strate that America was not set-
ting an example worthy of imita-
tion, Moss offered a few "symp-
toms of America's malaise":
? Soviet block spies are free to
roam Capitol Hill, while the FBI is
constitutionally forbidden to
maintain a presence there;
? Local police intelligence teams
have been dismantled in many
states;
? Leaks of continuing intelli-
gence operations, from congres-
sional subcommittees have dis-
rupted America's foreign policy;
? The Civil Service Commission ;
in Washington no longer bothers'
to run security checks on base-
grade government employees. .
While nothing would please, me
more than to be able to report
that the American intelligence ser-
vices have touched bottom and are
on the rebound, this does not,
seem to be the case. Various mea-
sures are being discussed whose ef-
fect would be to circumscribe
them even further. The Carter Ad-
ministration, according to Vice-
President Mondale,' is preparing a
new set of regulations that would
prohibit the FBI from investigat-
ing political organizations in the
name of . "domestic security,"
thereby putting out to pasture the
few agents still engaged in domes-
tic security investigations. Repre-
sentative Ronald Dellums has pro-
posed a bill that explicitly states:
"The Federal Bureau of Investiga-
tion shall have no function other
than the investigation of specific
acts which violate the criminal
statutes." Thus, if the FBI were
tipped off about a successor to,
say, the Symbionese Liberation
Army, would it not be forbidden
from investigating and developing
information about the group until .
after it had kidnapped its first vic-
tim or exploded its first bomb?
Would the enactment of this kind
of legislation better protect our
freedom, our rights as American
citizens? '
While the FBI and CIA are
fighting for their sur-
vival, their enemies-,
our enemies-are
thriving.' A KGB
agent was recently
quoted as telling a
Time magazine cor- !
respondent: `-`Of all
the operations that
the Soviet Union and
the U.S. have con-11
ducted against each
other, none - have
benefited the KGB
as much as the cam-
paign in the U.S. to
discredit the CIA. In
'our wildest scenar-
ios, we could never
have ' anticipated ,
such a plus for our
side. It's the kind of
? gift all espionage;
men dream about..
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Today our boys have
it a lot easier, and we didn't have
to lift a finger. You did all the
work for us."
Although the U.S. intelligence
agencies have an abundance, of
overseers, on Capitol Hill and in
the rest of the country, surprising-
ly little attention is paid to the
activities of other intelligence ser-
vices. The Senate Select Commit-
tee on Intelligence, for example,
devoted most of its first annual re-
port to the CIA and FBI, but it
did discuss briefly the operations
in the U.S. of the intelligence ser-
vices from such countries as Chile,
Iran, Taiwan, and the Philippines.
The report neglected to mention
one word, however, about the
Soviet bloc's intelligence opera-
tions inside the U.S. Compared to
the Soviet bloc, the efforts of
Chile, Iran, Taiwan, and the
Philippines are strictly Little
League.
The Soviet Union conducts the
most massive spy operations in the
world. Last year, Soviet agents
were . expelled from Norway,
Sweden, West Germany, Switzer-
land, Spain, and Zambia. In the
U.S. last year the FBI arrested: a
Soviet emigre in New Jersey on
charges of attempting to transmit
space program secrets to a KGB
agent; two Americans in California
on charges of plotting with a
Soviet embassy official in Mexico;'
an American and. a West German
in Florida on charges of conspiring
to smuggle cruise missile com-
ponents to the Soviet Union.
Since there are reliably reported
to be at least 5,000 Russian spies
in the U.S., it is probably safe to
assume that a major share of their
activities proceed free of interfer-
ence. An aide to a Republican
senator recently said that he takes
it for granted that the Soviets have
penetrated Capitol Hill. Given the
fact that spies have been discover-
ed inside virtually every major
Western government, he says it, is
naive to think .they wouldn't be
capable of infiltrating the govern-
ment of their major adversary, es-
pecially when that adversary is
preoccupied with the fumigation
of its own intelligence agencies.
Yet why are there no campaigns
to stop KGB spying? The KGB
doesn't represent the only threat
to the U.S.
. The attack on the FBI comes at
a time when the world is experi-
encing a terrorist boom. It was re-
cently reported that there were
239 terrorist attacks-bombings,
kidnappings, and assassinations-in
the world last year, compared to
only 37 such attacks a decade ago.
And the boom hasn't bypassed the
United States. The Symbionese
Liberation Army, .as . residents of
the West Coast are frequently re-
minded, has already been replaced
by something called the New
World Liberation Front. which has
taken credit for 50 bombings in
California, Colorado, and Oregon.
FALN, a Puerto Rican terrorist
group operating in the U.S, 'has
several fatalities to its credit, along
with thousands of dollars' worth
of damage to property. .
Basic to any effort to counter
the New World Liberation Front,
FALN, . or any other terrorist
group is governmental recognition
of the importance of surveillance.
As the West German government
has recently learned, in order to
defend itself against this modem
plague a government must be will-
ing to wiretap, to use informants,
and to infiltrate terrorist groups:
all those things various people are
trying, ..with no little success, to
deny the FBI. What astounds me,
in -light of the brutal campaign be-
ing waged against the FBI, is how
the Bureau has retained any effec-
tiveness at all.
The Citizens' Legal 'Defense
Fund is not so foolhardy as to
think that it can solve all the
problems of ..our intelligence ser-
vices; too much has already hap-
pened. But we can show the.be-
leaguered agents that we are ' on
their side.
It is very easy, now, to ignore
the scars left by the Weather
Underground. But it is inconceiv-
able that the Justice Department
would have dared to indict any of
these men in 1972, while the
Weather Underground's bombs
were exploding all over the coun-
try. No, it waited until memories
were dim, striking, in Kearney's
case, just two months before the
statute of limitations would have
prevented the Department from
prosecuting him; in the case of
Miller and Felt, just one month
before the statute of limitations
would have placed them beyond'
the reach of the Justice Depart-
ment.
Thanks to the thousands of
people who have given their sup-
port to the Citizens' Legal Defense
Fund, we have been . able to
show-and will continue to show-'
that Americans have not forgotten
what the Weather Underground
did to America. We also have been
able to show-and will continue to
show-all the present and former
members of the Federal Bureau of
Investigation that we have not for-
gotten what they have done for
America. ~a
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ARTICLE APPEARED
ON PAGE B-1
By Michael D. Davis
WasSingtca Star Staff Writer
Maryland: r_investig'ators- and!
friends of John Paisley,; the former
high-level CIA official who was found
-shot to death in the Chesapeake Bay,
believe he took his own life,because
he had been despondent -,over. his
'financial and marital affairs.-
;.One source close. to, the investiga-. .
tion"said the death. has unofficially
beer? ruled .a-. suicide; but. no formal;
.determination will be. released. until
the Coast Guard. and Maryland State
-Police compleje their investigations.:
-.,.;'.state.- police-, spokesman William;
-Clark- said . Paisley's body was: found
Sunday floating in the. bay, at. the
Snouth of the Patuxent River.-. ' ,t;?: - .
:;Clark said he died from'a gunshot
wound to the left side of the head and
that '38 pounds of . divers' weights)
. were strapped to his waist and chest..
Paisley; 55,: who, lived in the- 1500 ,
block of Massachusetts Avenue NW.
retired in 1974 as deputy. director. of.
the CIA's Office of Strategic ",.Re=.
search., r :.. ; .,...:......;.::::
He waslast seen Sept. 24 when-he
left a' group of friends to sail. his 31-
foot ; 'sailboat;::-The:' Brillig, to Solo
mon's? Island. The next': day.. the
owners 'of a private-yacht found his
sloop abandoned:'and aground near.
Point Lookout in St. Mary's County.
Clark said- there were-'no- signs. of ? a .
Struggle. .. ::._
THE BODY' is found'` clothed' in
deck shoes,, jeans and-a- T-shirt, ac-
cording- to Clark::_He said'.'the wound
appeared. to be a.,-contact'. wound;
which . would, indicate.: that' .Paisley
was shot at close' range., An -auto
matic pistol that he had -kept aboard
the-ship was missing, police said...'
Retired Air- Forcer Cot.. Norman
Wilson. who met Paisley four-years
ago and allowed him to keep his boat,
at Wilson's Lusby. Md.. dock, said he
talked. with- him the evening, that.he
.sailed. : a. , . .t : .
"He 'called-' me? on. the'' short-wave
radio and said'.he.was finishing:;u
some paper" work'"and" would be: in
later that,evening,;'.-Wilson. said. ;'I
told him I would: leave. the dock-.lights
on,'' he added.,..-;::,:;
A source said yesterday that-
Pais-ley was despondent over his. recent
separation from.-his: wife, Maryann;
;,who lives in McLean:.,
THE 14ASHINGTON STAR (GREEN LINE)
4 October 1978
::The- source also-'said:- that Paisleyf
had. recently' suffered. several finan-
cial:-reverses and found it necessary
to,; take out an. unanticipated loan to
meet a tax bill. "He. had a lot of re
.cent.. financial problems, but he.kept'
most of them to himself." the source
said-.... _
WILSON SAID Paisley sought an
.early .-retirement%. from the; CIA be-
;-cause "he .wanted.; to spend 'a lot of
time sailing. That was, his: one Teal
-love;',' Wilson said:..
::,Six-!; months- ago:.:.-however, , be,
:applied fora full-time. job and was
hired by Coopers:&_ Lybrand,: an: ac.
,counting.. firm with offices in Wash1
.ington. A company spokesman, whq
':characterized Paisley as "an intelli-
gent and even-tempered man;,- saidll
he'wasan.executive assistant'to thee,
firm's president, Wayne Smith.-
Paisley I
Wilson= .said" ' hequentlyi
used ? the.: boat ? to. work on office
records.aiid-'that- it was.,not-unusual
for. him 'to spend the night-either onl
the, boat. _or' in? a small cabins on. the
Wilson property.
:' Wilson said that after-tle.-boat was;
cecoveredit.was brought to..his dock,;
where it -was searched by 'CIA and
FBI agents. '.'They said they wanted
to make: sure that. there- 'were no
classified documents on the ship," he
said:
Wilson. said that.. yesterday 'he in-,
;spected.the boat. and found an un-
spent: pistol'shell-An the cabin.' He
said-the shell fitted a 7mm-pistol'that.
Paisley kept aboard the Ship.'.
"I KNEW he kept 'the pistol: on the
ship for"protection?'? WilSOIL.Said "T.
made. atrip with; him to the Florida
Keys. and he carried that pistol for
protection when there was talk about
pirates boarding and, stealing private
sailboats;" he. said. He. said tha
,when he inspected the boat yesterday
the pistol was missing.
Wilson- said he went over the sail-
boat 'and found that nothing else was
-missing,' despite the fact that the
boat was equipped ..with expensive
electronic gear.:
One source said 'it.is believed that
Paisley.. an '.:accomplished. diver,
wrapped the `weights '.around his
body, shot himself and then fell.over-
board with the pistol.:: . . ..
"He apparently tried to sink him-
self, but didn't realize', that he didn't-
have enough weight, and that, once ,
the body gases began to form the ?
body would rise to. the surface," the
source:said. .
"We believe. he, was trying: to hide
the suicide," he added. ' ?
: Several of Paisley's friends, who'
asked that their. names not hP-.ucnrl
advanced the same theory and saidi'
that they too believed him to be con-i
cerned about-his financial affairs ands
marital status.-
"I think it's just a. story about' a'
guy, a_nice guy who had too many)
problems:- and .,couldn't deal with
them;" one of the friends said...:,
CLARK. SAID that state investiga-
tors are still working 'and expect toi
make a formal determination within;
the next few days."We're pursuing1
two possibilities. We-.don't know if.ita
was a suicide or a homicide, but.wsi
are investigating both possibilities,)
"he said.
Edward Paisley, 21-year-old son-of.
the-dead man, said his father was.."in
good spirits" the day he' left:. on--the:-
sailboat, and he said he doubted his
father's death was a suicide. ' .. -j
"My father was an excellent sailor:?
and swimmer.. He went'down just]
about every. weekend to__ sail. - He,4
seemed in good spirits. Everyoner
who talked to him that day said he{
was fine." he-said:
The younger Paisley said he..knewi
of:: no. - reason why, someone would;
want to kill his father. - - {
..The dead man's estranged' 'wife;
said her,husband:'was an excellent!
swimmer; scuba: diver and sailor and,
that at: one time-he had lived aboard',
his boat:..
Suzanne Black. 'a CIA spokesman,j
said the agency-would have no com
'went-:on.-the- case. 'Another agency
sooke~manMY' investigation CIA "is not in-1
vo ve in nvestigation in,,;any
way,-but.we will cooperate if asked.". A former. CIA agent-- who has`re;
mained close to agency affairs told 1
;reporter that. Paisley was not 'in-4
valved "in the agency's clandestine;
work" .and-;was-. not subject of an
investigation for any covert activity.
He said it 'is:: standard ?procedurel
for CIA representatives to accom-l
pany-local, law enforcement agencies)
when they- investigate theunattendedd
deaths of former CIA employees,.'
"Paisley- was in research. 'he had!
never been assigned- to Moscoat,;andl
was never in a .position to have- ac-;
cess to sensitive-' information;',;.: the
source
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ARTICLE APPEARED
ON PAGE B-1
THE WASHINGTON POST
4 October 1978
trier execution oxl
iliaryland police said yesterday-
Police ;. said: theytcould - not -'-deters
Bay, either killed bimseii or :was-the
victim of an: execution-type. murder,:
John ? A. Paisley, a former high-level,: CIA employe-. whose : body. was. foundw'.
Sunday floating: iii, the- Chesapeakei'
By Blaine Harden . ; : `.
millimeter automatic,.pistol;; the, same!;..
Maryland Chief Medical Eaaiainer
Dr- .Russell.,-Risher said:: Paisley, 55;
who. was last seen Sepe 24 sailing, his
31-foot sloop-on the bay, died of.a gun-
shot.wound above: and. behind the?left-':
ear.''..:..,:.....
The-fatal: bullet was: fired: from: a..0.
ham
E. Clark,: it Maryland':-State Po--
lice spokesman. .
-- vestigated?..,as?"suspicious;';: said
WiI.:
an examination:: Of;aisledecom,;
posed body; : discovered wearing-. two.-
cide.:
through - dental:-'r'ecords,, made 'it fn =
possible. tn.. checkr. for- traces-- of gun
powder. on- Paisley's bands, evidence
'The medical e x a m i n e r . . said' the-, de-:
"I see nog reason: to doub `ttiaf'Pais
ley's 'gun_:`ifrea'' the. 'fatal;:~bu1let,""
land State Police said -yesterday, but.
one 9L millimeter .cartridgew.as:.found,
keep aboard hts sailboat;: Fishee said.
The gun - has> not been--:- found,. Mary
the Brillig, for two years: He. retired in .
fired, he-said:''.-"?~ --
cording-'to the patter uf'the wound
3 .nczae
flee; according. to. a. CIA spokesman;
"produces analytic studies of.-.foreign
military programs. and activities.".
Paisley-was in. a position to.,know
"highly sensitive" military; secrets;, ac-
carding.tb a former CIA colleague.
The Brillig' was found unoccupied
t but with its sails still set on the morn-'
ing "after Paisley disappeared. It. had?
run aground-near-._ Point Lookout at.
the mouth of the- Potomac River, 78
miles.. southeast, of -. Washington
Paisley's bodywas-found Sunday'af
ternoon about 15 miles north of Point.
Lookout near the mouth of the Patux-
ent River, according. to the U.S.. Coast
Guard.
His body was dressed in blue jeans,
a white - pullover shirt and had no"'
shoes, Fisher said. The. diving weights,
were- strapped' around his waist Pais-
ley, according to- his estranged wife-
Maryann,. had recently completed. a
scuba-diving course.
According to a. close family member
who did not. want-.to be- identified, Pai-..
ley..,often had been. depressed_whilet.
the'CIA; but that. in recent months-he:
had-been "happier. and more: talkative.
than he ever was before.
In.. December, Paisley,. at the urging.
:of his :family, participated in.. an:.en-
counter group; called- Lifespriag,..the
family ?. membei` said: "It seemed to
give ,him a new-outlook on life,'"..the.
relative said.
Paisley had .worked for the past-six
months" as ,a. consultant for, the= ac-.
counting- film of. Coopers and=.Lyb
rand He. recently: separated. from-his'
wife;'who lives:in.-McLean; and:'mov
into an. apartment- it 1500_.Massacbu
setts Ave:.NW.
On the day., he- Qisappeared,:Paisley,
was sailing' west across the bay: from -.
Hooper Island to his home-. mooring at;
Solomon,. Md.. At 6 p.m., , he radioed-
to ' a friend ' at Solomons, ' retired Air.
Force colonel Norman Wilson, saying
he was coming home after dark.- -
"He' said `he? was going. to do some,
:paper. work on -the boat," Wilson said=
yesterday: "He sounded normal"''::.:'.
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type' of guno'Paisly -:was known- to
 Approved For Release 2009/04/29: CIA-RDP05SO062OR000501250001-8
ART CLE APPEARED
THE BALTIMORE SUN
4 October 1978
- $ody found
in . a is .
Paisley's
Former' CIA official
died- of gun wound;
weapon. still sought:
The body of a man wearing 40 pounds
of diving weights that was pulled from
Chesapeake Bay near the mouth of the Pa- 1
tuzent River Sunday was identified yes-
terday as Johe Paisley, a former CIA offi.
cial. State Police said.
- .. He was killed by a gunshot wound, to
the head, authorities said. - : ;..
Bill Clark, a police spokesman, said
tests indicated the weapon was touching
Mr. Paisley's bead at the time it was fired.
, That could mean either a suicide or an
execution?type murder, Mr. Clark said,
adding that an investigation of the-case.
was continuing; He added that no weapon .
has been found=' ;
The bullet entered the head above and
behind the left ear. Sources said Mr. Pais.
ley was left-handed.
Friends said yesterday that Mr. Pais.
:ley was despondent because he and his
wife had separated. His wife, however,
had said Monday that her husband was "In
a fine frame of mind" and has "started a
new life.. ,: .
The positive identification of Mr. Pair
ley, 55, who was a deputy director in the i
Central Intelligence Agency division that
analyzed Chinese and Soviet military op-
eration, was made through dental ree-
ordsr..... ...
Mr_ Paisley disappeared September 24
while on an afternoon sailing trip on the
the Bap aboard his 30-foot sloop,
theBrilhg.:.
Other. police. sources said a live shell
was found in the cabin of Mr. Paisley's.
pleasure boat His estranged wife, Mary
ann Paisley, said her husband carried a 9=:
mm. handgun on; the boat. The gun has not
been found.
Mr. Paisley, who lived in Washington, I
retired in 1974 as deputy director of the
CIA's Office of Strategic Research. Since
then, be had worked-as a.consultant for
the accounting firm of Coopers and Ly-
brand. .
- He was last seen alive while sailing his
30-foot motorized sailboat on the bay. IIis .
sloop was found the following day after it
ran aground near Point Lookout at the.
mouth of the Potomac. River. The sails on
the empty boat were still set when the
vessel was found..
Police said yesterday that Mr. Paisley.
was last heard from when he radioed his
home mooringto tell a friend that be was
oa his way in, but not to wait for him. .
The body -was discovered floating at
the mouth of ? the Patuxent River by- a
pleasure boat, the Ramada, said Chief
William Patterson of the Coast Guard.
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 A lICLE . Approved For Release 2009/04/29: CIA-RDP05SO062OR000501250001-8
Oil FAGE_B_~~- 3 October 1978
Identify of Body Confirmed.1
=The body of a man who was found
"in Chesapeake Bay wearing diving.
weights and with '.a bullet wound in.
his.head has been identified as for-:.1
?-mer CIA official John Paisley, Mary-,_
eland state police said today. .
'.Paisley, 55,,was identified through-
dental records, and. died from a gun-
shot .wound to , the head, .authorities .
said.
:Bill Clark,' a police -spokesman,
said tests indicated the weapon was
to the victim's :head at..the
time it was fired. That could mean ei-
ther. a suicide,: or an' execution-type
.-murder, ' Clark.said, adding that an
:investigation of the case was continu
ing:. Clark said no weapon has been_*
-:recovered.
Paisley, who, lived in Washington;
retired in 1974 as deputy director of
the..CIA's .Office.-of Strategic Re-
:search
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THE WASHINGTON STAR (GREEN LINE)
ARTICLE APPEARED 3 October 1978
ON PAGE B-3
Body Adds to mystery on Bair
BALTIMORE (AP) - The decom- Island toward his home mooring ati
posed body of a man wearing diving Solomons. His 31-foot sloop, The Bril-!
spot in Chesapeake bay where a for-,
Pier high-ranking CIA official disap-
peared while sailing last week, the
U.S. Coast Guard said.
The Baltimore. Sun today quoted
unidentified sources involved in the
near Point Lookout at the mouth of
the Potomac River.
A Coast Guard official confirmed
that the CIA had been contacted in an
effort to determine the victim's iden-
investigation of the disappearance as titY.
,.saying that the body had a bullet hole . The body was discovered floating
"above and behind the left ear. at the mouth of the Patuxent River)
by a pleasure boat.. The Ramada.(
Dr. Steve Adams of the state medi- said Chief William Patterson of the
cal. examiner's office refused- to com Coast Guard.
,ment on the report. and-would oc11y..- Patterson said the diving- weights
say the body had been in the water. were adequate to take a body down to
"a week or possibly more. the bottom until the-body bloated and
Adams - said dental records would filled up with air..
be usedto- determine whether the
body found was that of John Paisley;.
55, who retired as deputy director of'
the CIA's Office- of Strategic Re-
search in 1974.
Paisley vanished' Sept. 24 while
sailing across the bay from Hooper
wife of the missing man, said yester-
day that her husband was an active
scuba diver and kept diving weights
on his, boat.. She said the weights
were not aboard the boat when it wasi
recovered.
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ARTICLE XPP ARE1h
0
BALTIMORE SUZY
3 OCTOBER 1978
Dody of man thought to beear-CIA aide
found in bay, gunshot wound reported
a
-
h 1
an a t o e m the of.,: Strategic Research: at the, agency's' his head. He would say only that the body
head, authorities reported yesterday: headquarters in Langley, Va. Recently, he was decomposed and- that the man had
Sources investigating the. discovery of had been. employed as a consultant for the been. in. the- water "a week or. possibly
the body said last night that the dead maaw, accounting firm of-Coopers-and y L brand.. r=, more. had a bullet hole "above and behind the ?. ;' . He has been: missing since September. However, another'authoritative?source
left ear' 24 when he failed to return from an after- said flatly that there was a bullet hole in
The man also was found wearing diving noon. sailing trip- in. the Chesapeake. Bay. the dead man's head:-
Ad
i
The body of a man, tentatively identi- Sunday, just north of where Mr. Paisley's examiner's office, refused to comment
fied as John Paisley, once a. high-level CIA. sailboat was recovered last-week. last night about.a Coast Guard-statement official, has been found near the mouth of Mr..Paisley, 55, of Columbia, retired in- that the body recovered Sunday had "what
the Patuxent River with weights tied..1974 asdepnty director of the CIA's Office' seemed to be a bullet hole" in the back of i
around the w
irt, d 16
11
According to the sources, investigators
had sent for Mr.-, Paisley's, fingerprints,
from the FBI, hoping to make a positive
we
ghts around his waist, they said......
identification of the body.
The sources said the position of the bul-
let hole suggested the man may have shot
himself. .
Officials investigating the matter'
would-not confirm the presence of a bullet
hole or say whether the man died of a gun-
shot wound. They also refused to say if:.
they were investigating the case as ,a hom-
icide or suicide. .. .
They said persons. aboard a pleasure.
boat found the man's body about 3.45 P.M.
ams and police said. dental
His. 3o-foot. sloop, The Brillig, was found : ' .
by a boater the next afternoon on shore at records would have to be located to con--
Point Look In in St. Marys- county. The firm the man's identity.
sloop had its sails set and was otherwise-in- The-Coast Guard described. the man as
good order: being to-his late 40's or. early 50's-with a:
moustache and dressed in dungarees and a'
Mary Anir. Paisley, his esstranged wife, T-shirt. He also wore gloves-and a had a;
said yesterday.her former husband was an watch on his left wrist, they said.
active scuba diver and kept diving weights Mrs... Paisley said her husband * wore
aboard- his sloop. She said the weights . partial dental plates. Sources said last.
were not on the boat when it, was re- night the body recovered Sunday also had
covered.: dental plates. _ '
She said Mr. Paisley had been;"in a fine Philip Waggener a. friend of Mr. Pais-
frame. of mind... very pleased." She also ley. and an employee in the same CIA sec-
said
he had "started a new life"; and was lion, said yesterday he had been asked to.
not despondent. give the name of Mr.:. Paisley's dentist to ?!
Dr. Steve .Adams, of the state. medical . CIA officials and other authorities.
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 Approved For Release 2009/04/29: CIA-RDP05SO062OR000501250001-8
Q
lid
.~rofice-S' c C
ty. au se
JnF aisle
~~~~l h Ilncertain~
CID
THE WASHINGTON POST
ARTICLE APPEARED 5 October 1978
ON PAGE C-3
able to determine whether the. death 'of John A.
Paisley, a former high-level. CIA.. employe found
Maryland police said yesterday they are- still . un.
Su" touching the victim's head and. the- wound,.
above and behind the left ear could have been self
g,
said the. bullet that killed Paisley was -fired with. the.
it was learned yesterday that Paisley, although
ambidextrous, used his left hand for writin
Fish
sails set on the- morning.. after Paisley disappearecL.
TA. L..J
Police found an unspEnt. 9? mni.- cartridge;~aboard"
type of
gun Paisley wasp known- to, keep- aboard his,:
Fisher, said Paisley, 55,? who was, last seen Sept- 24
Sunday floating. in Chesapeake Bay with a bullet.
wound in his head,.was suicide or murder..
In an unusual response.: to newspaper reports that'
linked Paisley's death to his,. CIA involvement, the
CIA yesterday announced that Paisley, at the time
of his disappearance, was' under: contract as a? CLAA
consultant studying "Soviet military, expenditures
and other economic-affairs."
The . intelligence - agency labeled -ii'"iidiculous'
and "absurd" a copyrighted story in the Wilmington
(Del.) News Journal which said the CIA fears- Pais-
ley was murdered by Soviet secret police because o
.his connection. with, the agency's satellite surveil:
lance system.
CIA 'spokesman Dale Peterson said that.-Paisley;
who retired in 1974 fr6m his full-time job as deputy,
director of. the CIA's Office of Strategic Research;-
was not a spy and. was not. involved in_clandestine,
activities for-the agency.
As a consultant, Paisley, was "a member of- the
Military Economic Advisory Panels composed of out; I
side. experts," Peterson said. "Much of this (work) is
inflicted. :.' Ss ,... .. ;. - - ?,j
Terrence O'Grady; a Falls Church attorney -repre;a'
senting the Paisley family, yesterday denied reports
that Paisley was. heavily, in debt atthe time of. his
death"I've had access to his financial records and
there is no evidence-of',any debts- that he` couldn't
handle with his consulting earnings," O'Grady said.:.
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 CIA label said try b e'. on -documents
ao~ar sloop of dead ex-sp3~ offic al
Approved For Release 2009/04/29: CIA-RDP05SO062OR000501250001-8
ARIICL : APPEARED
ON FA GE I''- -
Documents bearing the words "Central
Intelligence Agency" were aboard the
siuop Bnllig when it was found aground
near Point Lookout the day after John Ar-
thur Paisley. once a high ranking Central
Intelligence Agency official, was reported
missing from his boat. a person who was
at the scene said yesterday
Although first reports on the boat were
that nothing was amiss, a- Coast Guard
spokesman yesterday noted that life pre-
servers on. the. sloop were "scattered i
about" and "not in their proper place." ' '
Mr. Paisley_ 55._ of . Washington, was
found shot to death Sunday night-a week.
after he had disappeared-in the Chesa-
peake Bay near the mouth of the Patuxent
River Forty pounds of diving weights
were strapped to his chest and waist.
Police officials have leaned.toward re-
death
garding the case as a possible suicide. but i
no offictah_determination has been an-
nounced and the:State Police investigation
of the death continues.
State Police said yesterday they had j
been unable to determine whether the
murder weapon-was a 9-mm: handgun. the
type Mr. Paisley reportedly carried
aboard the ship. or a .38-caliber revolver,
a gun type not heretofore associated with
One source said that the documents re-
turned concerned an intelligence experi-
decomposed. then said he "couldn't recall"
and finally referred all questions to the
State Police.
Adding- to the mystery was a report'
from a friend yesterday that Michael
Yohn. of the Agency for International De-
velopment i AID'. the last known person to=
see MIr Patsley-alivee has left -the_country
hurriedly. The friend, who asked not to be
named. said that he did not know- where
Mr. Yohn had. gone. only that he might be
away as long as six months.
The source who was at the scene. who
asked not to be identified, said that an at-
tache case: which was locked, was. in the
helm of the sloop when it was found. In-
side the case were documents which bore
the words "Central Intelligence Agency."
Central Intelligence Agency employees
were on hand when Maryann Paisley. the
victim's estranged. wife. went aboard last
week. The CIA has officially denied any
overt activity -in the- investigation. of the
death. ..
Sources said that the operators exam-
ined the contents of the case before-turn-
ing it over to Mrs. Paisley. .
i
An assistant state medical examiner
refused yesterday to answer directly any
questions as to whether there were bruises
on fir Paisley's body. The medical exam-
iner at first noted that the body was badly
ment called "The B Team," which deals
with the CIA attracting outside people to
evaluate evidence and draw conclusions
from the evidence. He said it is not classi-
fied information.
CIA officials who all week had contend-
ed that Mr. Paisley had left the agency in
19T4'when he retired as deputy director of
the Office of Strategic Research yesterday
acknowledged that he had done consultant .
work for them since he officially retired.
"John Paisley worked part time on a
contract basis as a member of the Mili-
tary Economic Advisory Panel, composed
of outside experts, which advises the
director of Central Intelligence- on the
CIA's assessments of Soviet military ex-
penditures and other economic affairs,'
the'CIA announced in a prepared state-
ment.
,,,The Wilmington News Journal, in a
copyrighted story- yesterday, quoted:,
sources in the Washington intelligence
community as saying the CIA is conduct-
ing.its own, investigation because it fears.
Mr. Paisley may have been murdered by
the KGB, the Soviet intelligence agency.
Qhoting sources in the Senate Intelli-
genceCommittee, the News Journal sto-
ry said that an investigation is being con-
ducted into the possibility that there was a
"high level mole," or double agent, within
the, agency who was leaking information
to the Soviet Union. The investigation began in August with
.-the arrest of a 23-year-old CIA employee,
William P. Kampiles, in Hammond, Ind.,
on charges of selling information to Soviet
.representatives on the KH-11 satellite sur-
veillance system. After that arrest, the
story said, other classified documents
were found to be missing..,
Sources said the ' satellite system,
known.. as "Big Bird,"will have. the major
burden of: confirming-that the-Kremlin is-
adhering, to any agreements reached at -
the strategic arms limitation talks..
According . to . the: - News. Journal's
sources, Mr. Paisley, who was an expert
on Soviet and Chinese military operations,
had helped plan the satellite system.
The News Journaciting' sources,
said that the head of the investigation into
the leaks had contacted Mr. Paisley on the
"remote possibility" that he was a double
agent.
The CIA yesterday denied the News {
Journal story. .
.. A spokesman for the Maryland State
Police said, "We do not know if someone
got on the boat and did it. We cannot sub-
stantiate KGB reports."
.The FBI in Baltimore..said they are
monitoring the investigation, but so far
have not entered because nothing has been
turned up to indicate they have any juris-
diction to enter it under federal law. The
agency has volunteered its laboratories to
the State Police to aid them, a spokesman
said.
Capt. Paul Rappaport, who is beading
the investigation,-. said: last night. that he
has been briefed by telephone but has not
yet seen evidence or photographs of the
boat He said that therefore he could not' l
make in-depth comments on the investiga- 1
tion, which so far has been handled by two i
detectives out of. the Prince Frederick:
barracks,: ~. .. He said that a major meeting is
planned for today at State Police head-
quarters to go over the evidence. He said
that then he would decide how many addi-
tional men will-be put on the case.
Mr. Paisley disappeared September 24
while on a cruise on the Chesapeake Bay.
`Mr. Yohn, the. AID man, reportedly- I
went out on a boat to see him about 2 P.M.
and after cruising a while told Mr. Paisley
that he was going to back to port to watch i
a football game.
Mr. Paisley was last heard from later
that day when he radioed a friend, Col.
Norman Wilson (USAF Ret.), that he was
on his way back but not to wait for him.
The derelict. vessel was found the next
day near the mouth of the Potomac River-1
. Police.-have quoted friends as saying
Mr. Paisley was despondent over his re-
cent separation from his wife. The Wash-
ington Star reported yesterday that he-
was also upset because of recent financial 1
reversals and that Mr. Paisley had to take
out a loan to pay a back tax debt . I
Mrs Paisley has denied that her bus--'j
band was upset over the separation.
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ARTICLE APPEARED
C
I A pyp
U I I mul
By JOE TRENTO
The Central Intelligence Agency
is investigating the death of a for-
mer high-level agency official be-
cause it fears he may have been
murdered by the KGB, the Soviet
secret police. '.
The body of John Arthur Pais-
ley, 55. of Washington, D.C., was
found Sunday, weighted down and
with a bullet in his head, not far
from where he had disappeared
while sailing Sept. 24 on the lower
T-11 hesapeake Bay.. - ?1..:
The The Morning News has learned
from high-level CIA sources that
Paisley had been in charge of the
CIA's satellite surveillance sys-
tem. Although he had formally re-
tired in 1974 as deputy director of
the Office of Strategic Research,
after 30 years in intelligence work,
he had continued as a consultant
to the agency, according to these
sources.
Officials in the CIA's security
division feel his murder may have
been directly connected to the loss
of important documents relating
to the K-11 spy satellite system.
According to President 'Carter,
these satelliLes'will be. used to
monitor any 'agreement that
comes out of the current Strategic
Arms Limitation-Talks (SALT)
with the Soviet Union.
CIA sources last night confirm-
ed it was looking into the Paisley
death and its possible connection
with an investigation by the agen-
WILMINGTON NESTS JOURNAL
4 OCTOBER 1978
cy and the senate Intelligence One source in the CIA's Office of
Committee of a suspected high- Strategic Research said Paisley
leelvel "mole" in the CIA. Those was "like a man on Mount Ever--
Probes have focused on whether est. He had access to everything
top-level information' was leaked technical the agency did. He knew
to the Soviets by someone within it all."
th'e agency. Gambino was investigating the
The. official CIA spokesman,
however, would not directly com-
ment on the investigation.
Cpl. John Murphy, who'is inves-
tigating the Paisley case for the
Maryland State Police, told -the
Morning News that "numerous
'CIA. documents". were found
aboard Paisley's abandoned sail
boat. '' 11
remote possibility that Paisley
might have worked for the KGB, a
CIA source said. "The documents
that are missing are under his
expertise." The same source held
out the possibility that Paisley had
stumbled on a security breach
within the agency and had been
killed to prevent its exposure.
Last Sunday, in an astronaut
awards ceremony at the Kenneiy
turned the documents from the.' Space Center, President Carter
abandoned boat over to us and we , said spy satellites provided a basis
turned them over to Mrs., Pais- for the SALT agreements. It was
ley," the estranged wife of the CIA the first public reference by an
official. American president to the surveil-
Murphy confirmed that Paisley lance of Soviet territory by sate)-
was still a consultant for t:ie CIA. lites since the downing of a U-2 in
?`' " "`" ` "" w. "'1"''-""` According to CIA spokesman ?
they told us he still worked for Dale Peterson, the search for a
them," he told a reporter last.._mole inside the agency intensified
night, with the arrest of William Kam-
Murphy said he had not teen di- piles, who is awaiting trial next
rectly contacted by the CIA
"but you can tell they have been month, for the theft of the opera-1
working quietly around us. It real- , lions manual of the K 11 recoo-
ly is very weird." naissance satellite.
Peterson refused official com-
The Morning News confirmed ment on Paisley's death except to
that. the documents found on the : say that."he was a very high-level-
sailboat we a picked up from Mrs.
Paisley by the CIA's office of.Se- analytical side` not one the clandese'
curity, Some of the documents, ac- tine side of'the house."
cording to a source, were '9f a se A high-level staff member of the
curity level "that indicated they Senate Intelligence Committee'
should have never been out of the warned that "the political impli-
headquarters building."
I cations of this murder are very'
The possibility that the Soviets
serious. Conservative Democrats
possess vital information about and. Republicans want to know if
American spy satellites was first the satellite system we have is'
.opened by the arrest early this workable. People at CIA. have
summer' of 23-year-old CIA been leaking information that
h
ffi
h
o
watc
cer w
o was charged ,
with stealing secret documents
relating to the K-11.
According to an official of `the
CIA security division, who refused
to be identified, an investigation
then revealed that ",equally
important documents in connec-
tion,tWith other surveillance pro-
grams were missing. We definite-
ly have a major, unplugged se-
curity breach." '
Robert Gambino, charged with,
the investigation, was called in to
check Paisley's knowledge of the.
satellite program, sources close to
the investigat?on told The Morning.!
News. Gambino - could. not be
reached for comment.
According to the source, how-
ever, Paisley had launched the-so-
phisticated K-11 satellite series
before his official retirement, and
then continued as a consultant.:
Murphy said "The Coast Guard
other documents beyond the K-11
manual are missing."
Should the Soviets- know the
workings of the U.S. system that
would. monitor adherence to a
SALT agreement, they would. be'
able to figure out a way to get
around such monitoring, Senate
opponents of SALT have warned, .
Paisley's body was found Sun-,
day two miles southeast' of the
Patuxent Naval Air Station, not
far from ;Solomons Island on: the
western shore of Chesapeake Bay.
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THE WASHINGTON STAR (GREEN LINE)
ARTICLE APPEARED 5 October 1978
ON PAGE A-1.b
CIS Doubts Dead Analyst
Served as a D""'ouble Agent'
3
By Michael D. Davis
Washingtoe Star Suit Writer .
A CIA spokesman says the agency
is convinced that John Paisley, the
.retired agency official who was found
shot to death in the Chesapeake Bay,
took his own life. He-discounted pub-
lished reports which suggested that
Paisley- was -a. double, agent for the
Soviet Union:..
The-spokesman. Herbert E. Hectu,
yesterday -said -_Paisely , became..-a,
consultant for the agency after he re-
tired. in 1974, but that. he specialized
in reports on Soviet military.spend-
ing and did not handle or have access
to highly classified information. '
He said agency officials have been
told by investigators that. Paisley,
who was reported to have been dis-
traught over his. marital and finan-
cial affairs, took his own life.
Hectu said a Maryland State Po-
lice investigation concluded Paisley
wrapped skindivers:weights around)
his body, shot himself and then fell
into the bay from the deck of his 31-
foot sailboat, The Brillig.
. HE SAID THE state police decided
not to announce the findings after a
Wilmington, Del., newspaper pub- i
fished reports suggesting that. Pais-
ley was a double. agent who was
linked to the disappearance of-impor-.
tant papers dealing with the U.S. spy
satellite system. " I guess they want
to be very cautious about their find-
ings,"he said..'.
Knowledgeable sources- inside and
outside the CIA insisted that Paisley,
who was deputy director of the agen-
cy's Office of Strategic Research
when he retired, never was assigned.
to work on the satellite program,. did.
not have access to classified informa-
tion on the program and was not the
subject of an internal. CIA investiga-
tion. _
Hectu confirmed reports that CIA agents were
%
:.called to Lusby, Md., after a-Coast Guard boardingI
party found Paisley's sloop aground in the..Bay and
-reported finding classified documents on the ship.
`--A Coast Guard spokesman at Curtis Bay said the
decision to call the CIA was made "after we found
zlocuments which appeared to be sensitive."
HECTU SAID the. Coast Guard found Paisely's
CIA identification card in a wallet on.the.boat and
--then made "the inaccurate determination" that
the. papers found' on the ship were classified CIA
documents.
He said two . agents examined the papers. and.
others turned them overto-Paiseiy's-estranged'wife,
..long with his other'personal effects. , . _
1'7 Retired Air- Force W.: Norman Wilson, who'
;owns the dock where. Paisley kept his boat,. con-
,"firmed CIA reports on the papers.
"I saw the papers. It was nothing more than'-a
:series of memos he was preparing on meetings. It.;
was all pretty dry administrative stuff," he said.
Hectu, the CIA spokesman, said, "He was not in-1
,volved in clandestine operations, and we are leav-;
::trig the investigation of this incident to the,
Maryland State-Police."
.Paisley. whop ended a 30-year intelligence career1
-'in 1974, was an avid saltwater sa-ilor who took his'
sloop into the-bay-alone Sept. 24. Later'he?-radioed;
Wilson that he. would be returning to port later that
:evening. His body, with a bullet wound, in the head,
was found the following Sunday floating in the bay.
FRIENDS AND investigators said Paisley. 55,7!
was depressed over several recent financial re-
verses and his recent separation from his wife.
who lives in McLean, Va. After- that separation
Paisely lived alone in an apartment at 1500 Massa
chusetts Ave. NW. He took a full-time job as a con-
sultant with a Washington accounting firm. '
Hectu confirmed that shortly after Paisley' re-
tired from the CIA he was retained as a consultant
to the Military Economic Advisory Panel, which
advises the agency's director on Soviet military 'i
expenditures and other economic affairs. He said
Paisley was given this positon because this was his-
area of specialization when he retired from the
CIA. ,
"He was an analyst. He wasn't - a spy," Hectu
said. ?
Hectu said the CIA' was not taking "an active
role" in the, investigation. "We are an overseas
intelligence collecting organization. We don't do
domestic investigations. That is prohibited. by
executive order," he explained.
MARYLAND State Police Cpl. Jerry Eismann.'
said the police have had no contact. with- the CIA.
~
apart from asking for help in the identification of.
Paisley's body from dental records: .
"They have not approached us," Eisemann said...{
"We asked'them for help in. identifying the .body', ?
and as far as I know that is the only connection we'
have had with the CIA or the FBI."
"It appears. to be a suicide by all indications," a'!
source in the Maryland medical examiner's office
said. "There-were no signs of a struggle."
An automatic pistol that Paisley kept aboard.the
boat-for protection was missing, according to Wil-?-,I
son; the. dock :operator,: who said he found a, live
cartridge in the ship's cabin. -
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th
._:C.LE AF? Z--U_D
o,i ::cGE_ A - / _
THE BALTIMORE SUN
4 October 1978
Sputnik's 21st anniversary.
S a lii shave - ad-
...agger passe
_The space age. which began 21 years However. ., space; ` reconnaissance
ago today, has produced a maturing gen. means much more than adding up num-
eration of reconnaissance. satellites hers It also means inferring intentions
which, it-is said, can spot a pack of ciga of an enemy, a capability beyond price
rettes from 100 miles in orbit, in military preparedness,
:.These officially secret instruments of _ . Forexample..a Soviet cruiser o rat-
intelligence have been the lentpart- ing off the East Coast of -Afri may
nets in a.-series of. highly publicized, move .across the Indian. Ocean- toward
space achievements that. began, October. Indonesia. - y? 4. 1957, with the launching othe Soviet
n J
Union's Sputnik 1~ - That sort of questioo.?based on a sin.
Now. President Carter, 'speaking at gle. bit of information from. a satellite;
Cape- Canaveral,. Fla Sunday, has-. re- : can' start- wheels 'turning. itrthe intelll-
ferred to satellite reconnaissance pub- gene-community.. The answer may be
licly, something no other chief executive Important, or unimportant, but the ques-
has.done in the last two decades. tion might not have. been asked= two de-
In that time, the capabilities of these cades age. :.; ;:; : ?,_;::
_instrumented.- spacecraft,.. which the ...'' The United States took. its first step
United States and the Soviet Union have into the reconnaissance satellite busi-
orbited by the score, have. been sharp- ness in 1960 with the launching of a se-
erred to a point that they have revolu- ties of spacecraft designed to keep this
tionized the business of gathering. inteI? country alerted to an enemy attack.
ligence. The Defense Department's Advanced
Sea Power, official publication of Research Projects Agency and. the Air
the Navy League of the United States. Force were quick to recognize the poten-
quoted one, knowledgeable observer in teat of a satellite circling the globe at
its September issue as saying: . - 18.000 miles an hour.
"Covert intelligence operations, if not After a string of failures, which
obsolete. are obsolescent.... A satellite seemed almost inevitable in those days,
circling the... world in 45 minutes will the space engineers and scientists began
pick up more information in a day than ? to get.things to work right
the espionage service could..pick up in:
ye Midas 2; launched May 2.4,1980. and
ars. ..~._.:. ,: _
While professional intelligence peo- designed to warn the nation.. of enemy
ple in. the United States-and the Soviet, missile launchings, was the first Amen-
Union would likely take exception . to can satellite of this type to achieve orbit
that. it is apparent that the precise in . Midas. an acronym.. for -missile de-
struments aboard spy. satellites have re- - fense alarm system. carried instruments
corded. an untold. story. of an. amazing .sensitive to heat. ultraviolet light and X-.
genre. rays; and was sent aloft. to look out for
President Johnson, addressing ;~a nuclear explosions and spot, missile ex-.
small audience of educators in.1967. said hausts:- -
sate! rite'reconnaissance alone. had justi.. . - Discoverer 13. launched. in August of
fled spending.10 times the money the na that year. carried. .a photographic pack
tion had. already. spent on ,space.. then age that was. .ejected from. the orbiting.
about $35 billion.. spacecraft and was recovered from" the
.Because. of this- reconnaissance.. he -.ocean*.
- '-'
said, "I know how many, missiles the en- With the launching orDiscoverer 14-
emy has." a week later, the Air Force did even bet
Doubtless. the- art has: improved_in ' ter and recovered the satellite package_
thelastll,yeara.
in midair with a trailing line from 'a cargo-
plane.
Photographs were and -are a.valued
form of. intelligence information-because ;'
,_ ~?,..r ; _,;._:.,r ,
of their. clarity.
Samos' 2'. 'designed for photographic
and electronic observations, was launched
in January..1961, and was the first United
States. satellite of that type to attain orbit.:.
Samos-.was an acronym for satellite and.,
missile observation system. ? . ~. .
The,Air. Force, was open about these
matters until :the- Kennedy administration.:
decided -the .entire subject of satellite t'e? j
connaissance should be a secreL?-
?- The- names, Midas. Samos and, Discov--~
erer were later dropped- from. the mili tary:.
lexuron:_and in 1963; the American spy-in.
the-sky-system began.working full-time -..?;
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ARTICLE APPEA^.EDF
ON PAGE _:ir
THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE
3 October 1978
Relying on spy . satellites
President Carter brought our recon one rocket engine with a more powerful
naisance satellites "out of the. closet" one?]. If Mr. Carter is proposing that
Sunday by acknowledging, in a speech. we rely on spy satellites, then what he
at Cape Canaveral, that we are_ using didn't say becomes as important as
them to monitor military. activities in. what he did.
the Soviet Union; that we are well What he didn't mention is that the
ahead of the Soviet Union in their devel- Soviets are generally acknowledged to
opment; that "in the monitoring of arms be well ahead of us. in the development
control agreements they make' an im- of killer satellites-'missiles that can seek
mense contribution to the security.of all out and destroy satellites up to an alti.
nations"; and that we shall do our best tude of about 900 miles,: which would be
to keep. our lead. sufficient to. reach. our . reconnaisance
satellites have been satellites. The Russians.are also report
Until now, spy ed to be. working on. anti-satellite laser
officially referred to-if at all-only.by beams.
the euphemism "national technical Three months ago, the administration
means." Significantly, Mr. Carter's approached the Soviets with a sugges-
speech came at almost exactly the mo- tion that killer satellites be banned;
ment that our latest SALT talks were there was a meeting of the bodies at
breaking up in Washington with only the = Helsinki? but., not. of the ? minds.. These
familiar- comment that. they had been., talks have' gotten. nowhere; and small
"intensive and useful." Mr..Vance keeps wonder. In view of our apparent lead in
hinting that a. satisfactory agreement is spy satellites, it.is hard to see the Sovi ,
just around the corner, but- .we're begin- ets . abandoning:; efforts to knock ihem
ring to wonder how many corners we down. And Mr. Carter's Florida talk is
t
not likely to*. -Make them any- more
have to round before we iut the righ
In-view of the timing, we can't help, So we find Mr., Carter's assurance less
wondering whether we're- being ..pre-' than comforting. Even granting. that spy
pared for -a SALT agreement that con- satellites are marvelous in their capabil-
tains no provision for on-ground monitor- ities, they are useful ' only so lone as
ing: [long a sore. point with the Soviet ' they can fly over the areas we want to
Union] and therefore depends primarily: -'watch. If the Soviets win the power to
on our ability to monitor the Soviet Un- control where they fly, they will be of
ion by satellite. little use to us. Clearly there are more
Never mind, for the moment, whether questions that need to be answered be-
t fore we can rest easy in the knowledge
satellites alone can do the job adequa o-
ly [can they detect the replacement of that our spy satellites are protecting us.
T
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ON PAGE-A-1-.6
President Seeks.
road Support.
.
For GM s Pact,-
THE WASHINGTON STAR (GREEN LINE)
2 October 1978
By Vernon A. Guidry Jr.
Washington StarSta It. Writer
. DISNEY-WORLD;-Fla -= In -an
ticipation of an agreement .with the
Soviet Union to limit strategic arms,
the Carter administration is stepping
up its. efforts to, demonstrate it- is.
capable ' of looking after. U.S.: inter
gists.. i.. _,
Apart from negotiating' they sub-
stance. of'the limitations, the admin-
istration.: has. been, conducting a
campaign - of' public education ' and
persuasion in support of the'treaty it
.. ..