TERRORISM REVIEW

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84-00893R000100060001-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 29, 2009
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 23, 1982
• Content Type: REPORT

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Terrorism
Review
STER FILE C
00 ,1MT GIVE OUT
OLMQRR ON
Secret
Secret
G! TR 82-006
23 December 1982
350
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iii Overview
(OGI)
Terrorism
Review P
1 Terrorist Cache in Southern France Reveals List of Foreign Diplomats
3 Special Analysis-Iran: Increasing International Terrorist Activities in 1982
(OGI)
Comments and queries regarding this publication may be directed to the Research
Director, Instability and Insurgency Center, Office of Global Issues, telephone
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Terrorism
Review
Overview Anti-American terrorism in West Germany took an ominous turn last week with
three bombing attacks that were intended to maim or kill. 25X1
The three victims were American servicemen in the Frankfurt area and the nearby
city of Darmstadt. German authorities have concluded that in two of the incidents
the detonators were designed to activate when the intended victim sat in the seat of
his automobile. The third bomb also detonated when the victim entered his car,
but German investigators have yet to determine the device utilized. One of the ser-
vicemen escaped unharmed, and two were wounded', one seriously
This is the first instance in which pressure-type detonators have been employed by
German terrorists against American targets since the wave of anti-US bombing
attacks began earlier this year in the Land Hesse area. Such devices are designed
to cause personnel casualties, and thus the recent attacks differ from the initial at-
tacks, which were timed and located to avoid personnel injury. Even the early
October attacks on US military housing complexes still seemed planned to avoid
personnel injuries. A large explosion in Giessen in late October and an unsuccess-
ful bombing in Frankfurt in mid-November may have been conducted without
LJ/~ I
German authorities believe the recent bombings were related to five earlier attacks
in the Frankfurt area, probably conducted by the same terrorist group. Although
no group has claimed responsibility for any of the attacks, we believe that the
attacks probably were conducted by Red Army Faction (RAF) "legals" or
sympathizers, the Revolutionary Cells (RZ), or smaller, newly organized groups
emulating the RZ. We note that the attacks on 13 and 14 December. coincided
with the anniversary of NATO's decision to deploy modernized nuclear weapons in
Europe.
iii Secret
GI TR 82-006
23 December 1982
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Southern France Reveals
List of Foreign Diplomats
In late November hunters in southern France stum-
bled across a cache containing weapons and a list of
foreign diplomats on a farm whose operators are
linked to at least one member of the French terrorist
organization Direct Action.
The cache contained the names of some 50 diplomats
at 16 embassies' in Paris, a list of French police
officers, a list of French banks, wigs, and a miniar-
senal: an armor-piercing shell, six automatic pistols,
one revolver, considerable ammunition, 23 kilograms
of dynamite, detonators, and a grenade. The weapons
were stolen in August from a French electrical facility
in the Pyrenees
The total Direct Action cache surfaced in two sections
and, like the recent unearthings of RAF caches in
West Germany, resulted from an accidental discov-
ery. According to press information officially con-
firmed, hunters stumbled across the cache in an old
refrigerator hidden in a copse. Police subsequently
arrested five suspects; in searching the house of one of
these, Serge Fassi, they discovered the box with the
documents. Fassi had apparently intended to bury the
box. Fassi, a Direct Action member known to Parisian
police, had been given amnesty, along with other
Direct Action members, in 1981
United States, West Germany, Spain, Greece, Cyprus, Norway,
Republic of Ireland, Israel, Egypt, Argentina, Chile, Peru,
Venezuela, People's Republic of China, Japan and South Korea.
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No information is available on the origin of the list of
diplomats, but the selection of 16 countries suggests a
random approach that could be designed to create
confusion concerning the actual target countries; it
could also reflect confusion in the aims of Direct
Action, which, according to currently available infor-
mation, limited itself to nonfatal attacks against
Israeli targets in Paris during this summer's resurgent
terrorism. While Direct Action may be linked with
the hitherto far deadlier Lebanese Armed Revolution-
ary Faction (LARF) in Paris, it would appear unlikely
that the latter organization, which has demonstrated
a disciplined approach to relatively narrow target-
ing-assassination of Israeli and American personnel
in Paris-would precipitate a shotgun approach to
targeting. 25X1
names of US officials, we believe that the unresolved
questions of the attackers of US officials in Paris and
the general murkiness of the terrorist scene dictate
that US officials in that city remain on alert.
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Special Analysis
Iran: Increasing International
Terrorist Activities in 1982 P
In the past Tehran was not viewed as a major
supporter of international terrorism. Prior to the coup
attempt against the Bahraini Government in Decem-
ber 1981, Tehran had been preoccupied with its own
Most government terrorist activity was therefore di-
rected against internal domestic opponents. In fact,
Islamic revolution came to power, and December
1981, Iran was involved directly in. only two cases of
international terrorism: seizing of the US Embassy in
. Tehran and assisting two Americans who fled the
Date Event
December 1981 Attempted overthrow
of the Bahraini
Government and as-
sassinations of top
Bahraini political
leaders.
United States following the assassination of a leading April 1982
Iranian dissident.
Tehran's behind-the-
scenes involvement in international terrorism has been
much greater than previously suspected.
Tehran's growing willingness to use
international violence or the threat of it to support
foreign policy objectives. As part of its effort to
consolidate and expand the Islamic revolution, Iran
has provided aid to dissident groups in neighboring
Gulf states and has trained agents for attacks against
exiled regime opponents.
Middle East Targets
In its commitment to spreading Islamic revolution in
the Middle East, the Khomeini government has been
heavily involved in training and equipping Islamic
fundamentalist groups for the subversion of several
Persian Gulf countries, including Bahrain, Saudi Ara-
bia, Iraq, and Oman.
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Pro-Khomeini dem-
onstrators attack and
injure a number of
anti-Khomeini pro-
testors in Mainz,
West Germany.
Arrest at Orly
Airport in Paris of
Iranian national
carrying explosives
intended to be used to
kill ex-President Bani
Sadr.
Arrest of individual,
possibly Iranian
national, at Rome
airport in possession
of explosives.
Group Responsible
Islamic Front for the
Liberation of
Bahrain with support
and assistance of
Iran; Iranian support
for the IFLB
continues.
High-ranking Irani-
an Government offi-
cials,
Unknown, possibly
Iranian sponsored.
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Iran has run special paramilitary/terrorist train-
ing camps near Tehran and Isfahan under the direc-
tion of the Revolutionary Guards since at least early
1981.
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Within the Persian Gulf area, the Iranian effort has
centered on support for dissidents opposed to the
government of Bahrain.
Bahrain, with a population nearly 60-
percent Shia but ruled by a family of the minority
Sunni sect, is viewed by Tehran as a prime candidate
for an Iranian-style revolution.
Iran has provided assistance to two major
Bahraini fundamentalist dissident groups-the Islam-
ic Front for the Liberation of Bahrain (IFLB) and the
Islamic Call Party
Tehran was heavily implicated in the IFLB's attempt-
ed coup in December 1981'. IFLB operatives had
received extensive training from the Iranian Revolu-
tionary Guards prior to the attempt
of the coup,
7 Des ite the failure
the Iranians
continued to train Bahraini dissidents throughout
we believe that the
Iranian Government continues to provide money, pro-
paganda facilities, arms, safehaven, and training for
Iraqi Shia groups that conduct terrorism against the
Baathist government in Baghdad. Much of Tehran's
support is given to the National Islamic Liberation
Front, an umbrella organization established in 1980
in Tehran to link Iraq's Kurdish and Shia dissidents
with disaffected Iraqi military officers in exile. In-
cluded in this front are the Dawa Party (a fundamen-
talist Shia group that periodically engages in bomb-
ings and other terrorist activities in Iraq), the Iraqi
Kurdish Democratic Party, and a variety of lesser
antiregime groups. Iran may also be cooperating with
Syria against the Iraqi Government;
Exile Targets
Tehran's fear of exiled opposition groups apparently
has prompted planning for terrorist attacks on dissi-
Although widespread attacks have not yet occurred,
some groups have
a group of anti-
Khomeini Iranian demonstrators at Mainz University
were attacked by a large group of Iranian counter-
demonstrators. Pro-Khomeini demonstrators were
from a group that reportedly had been receiving
financial and moral support from highly placed mem-
bers of the Iranian Government, including Khomeini.
Iran also has targeted
leading members of the Mujahedin-e Khalq organiza-
tion, including Masud Rajavi and Iranian ex-Presi-
dent Bani-Sadr, now resident in Paris. One of the
most active opposition groups, the Mujahedin wages
an urban guerrilla struggle in major Iranian cities and
has killed a number of important government offi-.
cials. During the past year, the government has
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Secret
tion of their leaders abroad.
countered such activities by executing captured Muja-
hedin members in Iran and by plotting the assassina-
Rajavi and Bani-Sadr were
Bani-Sadr-for illegal possession of explosives. Al-
though the individual denied official Iranian sponsor-
among targets against which Iranian operatives train-
ing in Syria would be directed. In July, French
authorities at Orly Airport arrested a young Irani-
an-who later confessed his intention of assassinating
ship.
aboard an Iranian flight from Tehran, particularly
while in possession of explosives, tends to support such
a view.
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Secret
Statistical Overview
Type of Victim of International Terrorist Attacks, 1982
Private parties, tourists, 8 5 3 9 2 5 7 2 5 3 2 51
missionaries, and students
Geographic Distribution of International Terrorist Attacks, 1982
Total
77
34
76
72
55
95
73
90
49
56 34
North America
3
7
8
8
6
1
6
8
2
6 1
Western Europe
42
9
25
25
17
65
25
37
24
22 14
USSR/Eastern Europe
1
2
0
1
0
0
1
2
3
3 2
Sub-Saharan Africa
0
3
1
2
0
2
1
2
0
1 0
Middle East and North Africa
16
4
12
15
9
11
13
24
5
3 2
Deaths and Injuries Due to International Terrorist Attacks,
1981 and 1982
711
56
305
Car bomb in Baghdad
killed 2, wounded 130;
Ankara airport attack
killed 9, wounded 70.
Assassination and bombing
in Greece killed 2. wounded
70; bombing in Central
African Republic killed 4,
wounded 100.
7 Secret
J A S 0 N D
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 Chronology
This chronology includes significant events, incidents, and trends in
international terrorism. It provides commentary on their back-
ground, importance and wider implications.
The Basque separatist organization Fatherland and Liberty/Military (ETA/M)
announced its intention to collect "revolutionary-taxes" from emigres who have
left the Basque area. This extension of ETA/M's sphere of operation is necessitat-
ed by the need for 800 million pesetas per year to maintain ETA/M's clandestine
structure. This change of targeting also reflects ETA/M's apparent lack of success
in extorting sufficient "revolutionary taxes" from Basque area banks.
Colombia
Shortly before President Reagan was to arrive in Bogota, three bombs exploded in
the southeastern part of the city. Minor damage was done to a bank, a US-owned
cosmetics factory, and a Morman church where one person was injured by
shrapnel. No group claimed credit for the blasts. 25X1
Peru
Lima and several coastal cities were blacked out for over an hour when terrorists
commemorating the birthday of Shining Path leader Abimael Guzman dynamited
several power pylons. During the blackout a flaming hammer and sickle appeared
on a. hill overlooking Lima.
Spain .
In Bilbao, Basque separatist group ETA/M announced it was continuing its armed
struggle against the Spanish state despite the Socialist victory. The 100-day truce
declared by ETA/Political-Military (ETA/PM) on 27 October 1982 appears to be
holding. 25X1
Portugal
In Lisbon, an industrialist and former federal police officer was killed in a
machinegun attack. Pamphlets left at the scene indicated the Popular Forces of
25 April (FP-25) terrorist group was responsible and warned that similar attacks
might occur.
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Spain
In Madrid, the Spanish Socialist government replaced the two most important
police officials engaged in counter-operations against the Basque terrorist organi-
zations. This will disrupt antiterrorist operations for the immediate future
Greece
In Athens, confusion still surrounds the motive for the dawn bombing of Kuwait
Airways office by two men, one of whom died from injuries sustained when the de-
vice exploded. The surviving attacker claimed to be of Armenian origin although
neither man possessed identification documents. A telephone caller claiming to
represent the Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA) advised that
both attackers were ASALA members. No motive for the attack was given.
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West Germany
US servicemen were victims of three separate bombing attacks, two in the
Frankfurt area and one in Darmstadt. One serviceman escaped unharmed when he
detected the device before it detonated; two others were wounded, one seriously.
Two of the devices had pressure-type detonators, designed to activate when the
intended victim entered the car. No groups claimed credit, but we believe the
Revolutionary Cells, RAF "legals" or a small, unknown radical group is responsi-
nationality
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Guatemala
The daughter of Honduran President Suazo was kidnaped as she was leaving her
residence in Guatemala City. The kidnapers demanded that the Honduran and
Guatemalan Governments make air time available to broadcast a manifesto. The
communique from the kidnapers was signed CPD-an unknown group. We believe
it may be composed of radical leftist anti-US terrorists, perhaps of mixed
1 August
Iraq
For the second time in two weeks, Iraqi religious oppositionists attacked the offices
of an Iraqi Government establishment. Press reports indicated that an individual
belonging to the Iraqi Mujahedin Movement detonated an explosives-laden
automobile near the Iraqi News Agency building in Baghdad, killing himself and
six bystanders and wounding numerous others. The Iraqi Mujahedin Movement is
one of several Islamic Shia groups opposed to the regime of Saddam Hussein that
receive their funding and training largely from Iran. Despite widespread suppres-
sion of dissident groups in Iraq, Islamic opposition factions retain the capability to
conduct sporadic terrorist attacks against the regime and have claimed credit for
the recent bombings of the Iraqi consulate in Bangkok on 2 December, the Iraqi
Embassy in Paris on 11 August, and the Iraqi Ministry of Planning in Baghdad on
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o ~.
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