SOVIET SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 725
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 26, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 22, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
. - .~~ .. ~_.1._
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information af[ectiag the National Defense of the IInited States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which is any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
s-~-C-R-E-T
DATE Of
?-yr$;
PLACE ?&
DATE ACQ. ~_
.,
1. Trud Gosudarstvennogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo i Pro ektno o Institute
"?otnoy Promyshlennosti Works of the State Scientific Research and
Planning Institute of the Nitrogen Industry), No. 5.
2, Pyatiletriy Problemno-Tematicheskiy Plan Nauchno-Issledovatel'sko Rabot
Uchrezhdeuiy Zdravookhraneniya RSFSR na 195 -19 0 Body The Five-Year
Problem'- Thematic Plan for Scientific Research Work of the Institute of
Public Health of the RSFSR for the years 1956-1960).
3,4. Trud Vseso znogo Neftyano o Nauchno-Issledovatel'sko o Geolo orazvedochno 0
Instituta VNTGRI Works of the A11-Union Scientific Research Institute
of Geological Prospecting for Petroleum), No. 11~+ and No. 116.
When detached from covering memorandum, attachments m~.y be considered UNCLASSIFIED.
NO. PAGES
REQUIREMENT
NO.
22 August 1958
STATE $ ARMY X NAVY X AIR
}{ FBI
AEC
Q
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IIo3:Ke, B 1938 r. I~eHgrc6eprepoM xce BuepBble 6bIJI0 Raxo TeopeTH-
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BaagMORegcrs$H paan$~Hblx c~eppoMarH$THbIx KoMIIOxexroB IIopoRbl
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YL3ID1eH0HIISi ,T;JLI3TCH OKOJLO 19 TbIC. .aeT.
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xalvtarx$~IexHbrx aoH B paapeaax cepIIr~ JIaBOBbIx IIoTOxoB HcnaHAlaH.
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son) [1955] RoxaaaJt$ HesoaMOaxxocTb o6~slcxeHiax o6paTxor~.
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HOCTx IIOpOR xeJIbaH 067~FICHIITb j~eI3CTBxeM H$ OJ(HOPO x3 ileTbIpeX.
,l1eXaHII3MOB, IIpe,I~JlOaxeHHbIX HeeJteM.
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JI$~II~BaJIIICb He TOJIbxO 3a CtIeT flayTIOHHfI eCTOCTBOHHOx OCTaTOiIHOI3,
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OCaRO~IHbIX xOpOR I3 OileHb I~OHHble CBeReH$sI 6bIJIH IIOJIytIeHbl H x3
8TOI3 O~JIaCTx.
B 1954 r. B AHPJIx$ i?bIJIa xposeRexa ex;e oRxa Icoxc~epexr~xa.
IIO Boxpocy o ecTecTBexxor~ ocTazo~xoH xaMarHg*IexxocT$ ropxblx
IIopoR. UbIJIO coo6x;exo o MHOaxecTBe cJly~aeB o6paTxoH xaMarxr3uex-
IIOCTI~ He TOJIbICO II3BepaKeIIHbIX, HO I3 OCaJ~OTIHbIX IIOpOR, IIpIIUeM
OiieHb BaaxHO OTMOTLITb, iITO pxA II3yTIeHHbIX OCaj(OTIHbIX TOJIII~ IIOxa-
3bIBaeT Taxoe axe uepeROBaHxe xopMaJlbxO li 06paTH0 H8M8rxgileHHbIX
30H, Kax x JIaBOBble xOTOxx I~ICJIaHJ~IIx. Tax B TOJIII(e Topp$Aoxcxxx
(RoxeM6pIIr~) ToHxoaepxIICTbIx IIecxaHIIxos ceBepo-aaxaAaol3 IIIoT-
Jlaxu$x BblAeatxioTCx 16 nepeRylox;$xcsl aox xopMaJlbxo g o6paTHo
xaMarx$uexHblx IIopoR, Bap6xpylox;xx xo Mox;HOCTg oT 30 Ro 600 ,nr.
,I~eBxTb TaxIIx axe aox 6bIJIO BbIReJlexo B MepreJle xeHIIepa (Tpxac).
AHPJII3x. HaJlgxge o6paTHO~r xaMarHLiTIeHHOCTI3 6bIJIO ycTaxoBJrexa
Taxaxe j(JIx RpeBHero xpacxoro IIecnaH$xa (AeBOx), xaMexxoyroJtb-
HbIX II 30I;eHOBbIX OTJIOaxeIIBK. ,I~JIFI BCCX 3TLiX IIOpO~[ CTaGYIJIbHOCTb
CCTOCTBOHHOx OCTaTOTIHOI3 HaMarHIIileHHOCTx (?bIJIa J~OxaaaHa xax IIO-
JIOBbIMn xa6JIIOReH$xMx, Tax x JIa60paTOpHbIMx 3xCIIepIIMOHTaMi3.
OTMeT$NI, =ITO xo aTxrl RaxxblM IIoJloaxexxe reorpac~x~Iecxxx IIoallocorr
B IIaJi0030e CIIJIbHO OTJII3iIaJIOCb OT COBpeMOHHOPO. HeCKOJibxO II03J[IIee
peayJlbTaTbI 3TI3X pa6oT ~bIJII3 H3JIOaxeHbI B pxAe cIIei[I3aJIbxbIx cza-
TeH [I~Jlerr (Clegg) g Rp., 1954; I{pxp (Greer) x up., 1954].
JIa6opaTOpxble sxcxepgMexTbl IIepeoTJioaxeHrax, xpoBeAexxble HaA.
xexoTOpbin-III IIa yxoMxayTblx BbIIIIe IlopoR, a Taxaxe g xaR JlexTO~I-
xblMx rJlxxaMII, IIoxaaaJl$, uTO IIpII ocaaxRex$$ xa BoRbI oxx xaMar-
HI3iIYiBaIOTCSI B IlaIIpaBJIOHIIII IIpIIJI05ICOHHOPO MaPHIITHOI'O xOJIH, IIpn-
~IeM xepeMOHa HaIIpaBJIeHxSi IIOJIH yxce He xaMOHfIeT 3Ty HaMarHguelI-
xOCTb Raaxe TOrj~a, xOPI;a OCaJ~Ox COJ~epaxT3T ex;e OLIexb MHOrO BO~bI
[Pp$c~c~gTC (Griffiths) g I#IIxr (King), 1954]. LITO xacaeTCx caMIIx
xocxTeJlei3 c~eppoMarx$TxbIX cBOgcTII oca~o*Ixor~ xopoAbl, To 3xex rI
JIe SopH (Henin, Le Borgne) [1953] IIoxaaaJl$, uTO IIOBblxtexxasl
MarH$THax BOCIIpIIIIMTIIIBOCTb o6slaaxa xe IIpxCyTCTBIIIO A1arHeTI3Ta
B cocTase IIec~raxo-aJlespIITOSOiI c~paxuIIII, a coRepaxaxIIlo reMaTgTa
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~MarreM$Ta) B r.n$x$cTOI~ c~paxr;$$. Ha.a$~$eM Me~Ib~aI~HI$x =IacT$u
r?MaT$Ta B axa~$Te.~bxol~ cTe$ex$ o$peRenxloTCSI MarH$THble cBOI~-
cTBa Mxor$x ocaRoxxblx HopoA, B ~acTHOCT$, xpacxouBeTOB [Pp$c~-
,c~$TC x 1#$xr, 1954; Paxxopx (Runcorn), 1955, 1956].
1955 r. HpoxoR$T HoR sxaxoM $xTexc$BHOro pac$I$pex$x Ha~teo-
alarH$Txblx $cc~teRo>ax$~I, $pexmyl~ecTBexxo xa Tepp$TOp$$ CIiIA.
PaxxopH [1955; 1956], PpaxaM [1955] $ Aoy~I (Doell) (1955) $3y-
=ialoT uoxeM6p$~zcx$e, xaMeaxoyro~Ibabte, $epMCx$e, Tp$acoBble $
nle~IOSble xpacxol;BeTxble ocaRx$ Toro-aaxaRa CITYA, r~raBHbIM o6pa-
aoM B paKOxe BOJIbHIOPO I~aHboxa p. Ho~IOpauo, ~IO6ya (Du Bois)
[1955] - RoxeM6p$i3cx$e $ H$xcxexeM6p$~zcx$e 6aaa~IbTOBble Ho-
Tox$ $ xpacxble Hecuax$x$ pal~oxa oaepa Bepxxero. Peay~IbTaTbl
aT$x paooT, Hp$ $cxo~tbaoBaH$$ RaHHbIx, Hony~exxblx roRoM paxbHl(~
B Axr.a$$, HoaBO~I$.n$ xouT$ R.rtx xaxtRoro Hep$oRa BbI~$c.a$Tb
rlo~IOaxeH$e reorpac~$uecx$x xo~IlocoB $ Ho~Iy*I$Tb, Tax$M o6paaoM,
~o'olgee $peAcTaB~Iex$e o ~B$xceH$$ xo,nlocoB as HpoMexcyTOx BpeMexx
oT ,goxeM6p$x Ro coBpeMexxol~ 3IIOX$. IIO 3T$M RaxxblM CeBepHbii3
Ho.~IOC B RoxeMO'p$H RB$ra~ICSI oT Ioxcxo~I xacT$ Cesepxol~ AMep$xx
x PaBaI~Cx$M ocTpoBaM, B Texex$e Hgaxxero Ha~Ieoaox - s H$ax$X
uI$poTax, $p$6n$xcaxcb x T$xooxeaxcxoMy Ho6epeaxblo Aa$$, saTerl
Hosepxy.a xa cesep $ B Me~IOBOM xep$oRe oxaaa.acx yxce B xpeRe~Iax
CeBepxoro JIeRos$TOro oxeaxa. Bbino HoRTBepsltAexo Taxaxe cyH;e-
cTBOB~x$e =IacTbIX $xBepc$~I MaPH$THOPO Ho~IH 3eM~Ix B Tp$ace,
u,~xaxo ~axxble, oTxocslH;$ecsl x oT~IOxcex$xM Apyr$x BoapacTOB
IIOxa3aJ1$, =ITO $MOJI$Cb $ BOCbMa ~JI$TeJIbHble 3HOXH yCTO$=I$BOI'O
?COCTOSIH$SI MarH$TxOrO HOJIH - HOpMaJIbxOPO $JI$ OOrpaTHOPO Ha-
HpaBneH$sI.
IIa~teoMarxxTxble $cc~ze~osax$x, peay~IbTaTbl xoTOpblx 6binx
o$y6n$xoBaxbl B 1956 $ 1957 rr., oxBaTblBaloT yxte xe To~Ibxo CeBep-
IIyIO AMep$xy $ EBpoxy, xo $ 1'IHR$IO, Ac~p$xy $ ABCTpa.n$IO [Pa$-
xopH, 1956, Poy (Gough), 195fi, I{~Ierr, ~jel~u (Deutsch) $ hp$c~-
c~$TC, 1956]. Peay~IbTaTbl aT$x pa6oT BxepBble Ra~I$ xa.aeoMarx$Txble
CB$,i(eTeJIbCTBa B IIOJIb3y P$HOTe3bI xOHT$HexTaJIbHOPO Apel~c~a.
ORxoBpeMexxo HoxB$~z$cb $ HoHbITx$ RaTb csoRxy Bcex xaneo-
nzarH$Txblx Raxxbrx [Paxxopx, 1955; Paxxopx; 1956, Xaya,az
(Howell) x MapTxxeu (Martinez), 1957].
IIoRBeRenl xexoTOpble $TOr$. I~Iayxex$e ecTecTSexxor~ ocTaTO~xoi~
tlaMarll$uellxocTx ropxblx xopoR xpo$aBORH~IOCb B Rsyx xaxpaB,ae-
x$xx: c oRHOI~ cTOpoxbl, A.nx xyrxu Marx$Txol~ paaBeRx$, a c ~py-
roir - c ue.nblo $oaxaH$sI reo~IOrHUecxoro xpol$~zoro Marx$Txoro
Hoax 3eM~IH. B xoue sT$x pa6oT ycTaxoB.aexbl Hp$u$xbI Boax$xxo-
BexHx ecTecTBexxol~ ocTaTOxxoH xaMarx$uexxocT$ xax $aBepxcex~
HbIX, Tax H, B o61gxx ~epTax, oca,~o~HbIx xopo~. BbISIB~Iexo 6o~Ibxloc
=I$c.ao Hp$hlepoB,o6paTxoH xaMarx$gexxocT$ HopoR, xTO aacTaBnxeT
Hp$3HaTb 3T0 Tax$M xce Ohbl=IxbIM $ xI$pOKO paCxpOCTpaHOHHbIDI
.xsnex$eM, xax $ xopMa~Ibxax xaMarx$~exxocTb. Becbaza cylrle-
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cTBelzHO, PTO B ue~loM pxRe Molr;Hbzx cepxH ~IaBOBblx Horohos H oca-
Ro~Hbtx Toalu~ Ha6~zloRaeTCx pgTMSgecxoe *IepeRoaaHge Hop~anbHO?
H O6paTH0 HaMarHHzleHHbIX 3OH. c~TO SiBJIeHHe B HacTOHn;ee BpeMSI
HHTepHpeT~pyeTCx xax c~leRcTBrIe HepeMeH HaupaB~leHgll HaMarHg-
~IexxocTH 3eMng, HpogcxoRxBnIHX B HexoTOpble aHOxA ~epea HasxRble
250-500 Tblc. ~IeT, a gHOrRa axaugTealbHO peace. IfpoMe Toro, B pslRe
c.nyuaeB Bblsls.ItslloTCx He6o~IbHlge gsMeHeHIIfI MarHHTHOro Ho~lsi 3eM~ls,
HoRo6Hble Ha6~lloRaeMbIM B HacTOxngee BpeMSI BexoBblM Bapsai;BxM.
YcTaxoB~texo TaKxce Ha,at3*IKe o~exb McA~lexaoro, oxsaTblsalolgero~
3pbi, HO B CyMMe BOCbMa 3Ha*I$TeJIbHOPO $3M0H0HHH HOJIOHieHgH.
reODlarHHTHOl3 OCII, CBH3aHHOPO C MI3rpaul~elr reOrpa(~HtICCHI3X HO-
JIIOC OB .
YI;HBHTEJIbHO, I~aIiHM O6pa3OM COBpeMOHHOe COCTOSiHHe BCOX 3TflX.
BOHpOCOB HE CMOPJIO y}ICe HOCKOJIbKO JIeT Ha3aR HaBBCTH HI~poxz3e-
Icpyrla reo~loroB x reoc~tilal~xoB Ha MblcdCb O BO3M0?KHOCTII H~IaHOTap-
HoK H HpI~TOM cTporo BoapacTHOi~ xoppe~ISluHI~ H pac~.nexeHxA xas
YI3Bep?KeHHbIX O6pa3OBaHHl3, Talc H OCai{OLIHbIX TOJIII{, BO3B1O?KHOCTN,
xoTOpylo oTxpblsaloT HaneomarHgTxble gcc.neRosaHmsl.
I{orRa B. ICI. IIOHOB B 1947 r. HpeR~lara.n HaJleoMarHHTHbIl3 McTOR.
xax McTOR xoppe~IxuBg HaBepxceHHblx o6pa3osaHI~H, 6bl~lo axa~lrz-
TBJIbHO McHbHIe OCHOBaHHyl HaRexTbCH Ha yCHeIIIHOCTb HpIIMOHeHHSI,
3TOr0 MOTORa, a ero HepCHexTIIBbi He ISa3aJII3Cb CTOJIb MHOP006eII;aIO-
Ii(IIMB, xax HpeJ~cTaBJlxloTCSI cel3iIac. TeM He Meaee, xacxo~lbxo
HaBecTHO aBTOpy, xMeslr3cb Bcero RBe HOHbtTIfYI BoapacTHOro conocTa-
B~IeHgsl o6paTHO xaMarHS~Iexxblx HaBepxcexxblx o6paaoBaHB~ (I{aHaI3,
1951; ~I~rtapccoH g CgrypregpccoH, 1955].
To.abxo Xocnepc [1954] HoRuepxHy.a cTpaTHrpac~H~lecxoe aHa-
~IeHge pHTMH~lecxoro ~IepeRosaHHa HopMa~Ibllo H o6paTHO HaMarHx-
Tlexxblx aoH B cepgHx .nasoBbIX Hozoxos. LITO x;e xacaeTCSi ocaRo~Hbix:
To~ln;, To Raxce oTKpbITHe H aRecb HoRo6HOro ace xBJleHHH, BBABMO,.
6bl~lo gcTO.axosaxo ~IxHZb xax yxaaaHBe Ha xapasTep z3aMexeHHa~
MarHHTHOro Ho~lx 3eM~lx as oo~IbulHe HpoMexcyTl;ll BpeMeHg -
yxaaaHHe, xoTOpoe ReHCTB~zTe~IbHO MoxceT RaTb oHexb MHOroe ~~H
Teop~zll aeMHOro MarxeTl3sMa. Ha rpoMaRHOe ice aHa*IeHHe aTOro
xB~teHxx A.au cTpaTr~rpac~xl~ ocaAouHblx To~IH;, cyRx Ho ~IHTepaTyp-
Hbinl RaxxblM, Ao crux Hop elge HBxTO He o6paTH.a BxgMaHHx. JIHHIb.
B 1955-1956 rr. HoxBl~~locb Hecxoslbxo He6o~lbmmx cTaTeil aBTOpa
HacTOSlii;eK pa6oTbl, HoRHxBHIHx ' Boupoc o HasieoMarHHTHOi~ l;oppe-
JIfII~HH ocaAouHblx To.nHj K coaRaHBx Ha~IeoMarHHTHOK HISa~IbI Bpe-
McHH [A. H. XpaMOB, 1955, 1956].
TaKOe Ho~lo>xeHHe, ecTecTBexxo, He cmomeT Ro~lro coxpaHHTbcx~
g ero .nHxB~lRar;Hx 6yAeT cnoco6cTBOBaTb 6blcTpoe paaBSTge Ha~leo-
MarHHTHbIx HccsleRosaHHH, a Taxxce opraHHaauHx HpH Me~xRy-
xapo~HOM Peoc~HalluecxoNl 11 PeoReall~ecxoM coloae (s KoTOpbIYT
HeRasxo BoIHe~I H CoBeTCISHH Colon) I{oMHTeTa Ho HazeoMarxe-
T~I3My.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Beedeteue ~~.
B coBeTCxoi~ ne~aT$, IspoMe yxce yrloM$Hasulllxcx cTaTe~ aBTOpa,
uocBSln;exxblx $a~Ieo~tarH$THOi~ty $3y~ex$IO ocaRiSOB 3aHaRHOi~ Typl;-
~zeH$$, Ro c$x $op eH~e xe rtosB~tx~IOCb coo6>z;eH$a o I:aI;$x-~I$6o
rra~zeoMarai3T$bIx $cc~IeAoBaH$sx Ha Tepp$TOp$$ CCCP. HeT eu~e
$ o63opaol~ pa6oTbl IIO HaneortarxeTx3~zy, B xoTOpol~ 6bIJi$ 6bI o606-
Ii;e$bI pe3yJlbTaTbl, Ho~ty*IeIIHble B 3TOi~ o6~IacT$ 3a py6exeom. B To
xce BpeMSI, HoRroTOB$Te~tbxbte pa6oTbl, xacalo>l;$ecx c~g3$~ecx$a
oc$oB uaneoa~araeT$3I~a, yxce BeRyTCx [P. H. HeTposa, 1956;
M. A. I'pa6oBCx$I~ $ Rp., 1956), a pxR oprax$3ai;$g, Haup>3mep,
I~IHCT$TyT (~$3$If$ 3eMJ1$ AxaReM$$ Hayls CCCP, HHCT$TyT 3emHOPO
aiarxeT$3r~za, Mocxoscx$H $ JIeH$HrpaRcx$I~ YH$Bepc$TeTbI B 1956 r.
HellocpeRcTBeHHO up$cTyrlaloT x $a~IeoazarH$THbIM $cc.~eRoBas$slnl.
IXa~Ieo~tarH$THOe $3y*Iex$e ocaRoxxblx To~zn; Ha~$HaIOT Taxsxe
BCEI'EI'I $ HHCT$TyTbI reo~tor$$ AKaReNrg~I Hayx Y36e&csoil II
Typx~teacxog COIO3HbIx Pec>Iy6~I$x.
B 3T$x yc~zoB$xx coBepulexxo HeTep$$~zo oTCyTCTB$e Ha pyccxoal
R3blxe pa6OT, $3~Iaraloii;$x coBpeMeHHOe cocTOSIH$e 3HaH$i~ B o6xacT$
ua~zeoraarHeT$3~za, a Taxxce MezoA$ICy IlaneomarH$THbIx $ccneRoBa-
Hgi~. IIpeR~Iaraet~ax BH$~zaH$IO reoaloroB $ reoc~$3$xoB pa6oTa
HBJIfieTCfi HepBOB $OIIbiTKOi3 XOTx 6bI B He6OJIbBIOE LIaCT$ BOC$OJIHgTb~
3TOT HeZ(OCTaTOI(.
B HeI3 $3JIO1IfeHbi TaIS}ICe pe3yJIbTBTbI $aJIeOMarH$THbIX $CC~TeJ~OBa-
HBg, KOTOpble HpOBO~$JI$Cb aBTOpOM C I~eJIbIO H3yLIP,H)'IH BO3NI0}IfHOCT$.
IIaJI8OMarH$THO$ ISOppeJIRI;$$ OCaJ~OiIHbIX TOJIIIj.
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IIA,TIEOMAI'HETI~I3M I{AI{ OCHOBA HAJIEOMAI'HI~ITHOI'O
METO~[A I{OPPEJIfII~III~I ICI PACiIJIEHEHI~Ifi OCAJ~OLIHbIX
TOJIIi~
IlanteoMarHIITHbIi~ McTOR xoppenxr;z~II g pacs.aexexi~sl ocaRosHblx
II ByJIKaHOreHHbIX TOJIII; OCHOBaH Ha TOM, LITO, C O~HOi3 CTOpOHbI,
MarHIITHOe IIOJIe e3eMJIII, COPJIaCHO HOBbIM J~aHHbIM, CIIJIbHO II 3aKOH0-
ntepHO II3MeBSI,aocb B xoRe reonorII~Iecxog IIcTOpIIII, a c .gpyroH, -
MHOrIIe ropable HopoRbl coxpaHxloT c~IeRbI aT$x IIaMexeHIIg - B BIIRe
Bexzopa ecTecTBexxol~ ocTaTO~IHOg xaMarHIIUeHHOCTII. HIIxce 3TII
RBa MoMeHTa 6yRyT paccMOTpexbl Hecxo~Ibxo 6o~Iee IIoRpo6HO.
I~Ia~IOxceHIIe ocaoB McTORa B c~opme, xoTOpax yRoB~zeTBOpIIna 6bI
xax reo~IOros, Tax II cneuHa~IHCTOB; pa6oTaIOH~IIx s o6~IacTII seMHOro
MarIIeTIISMa II MaraeTIIaMa ropHblx IIopoR, IIpeRcTaB~IxeT 6o~IbIHIIe
TpyJ~HOCTII. C OJ{HOI3 CTOpOHbi, H006XOI~IIMO xpaTxO OCTaHOBIITbCIi Ha
3JI8Me$TapHbIX OCHOBaX 3TIIX SiBJIeHIII3, a C j~pyrOFi, - AaTb g37i0-
xceHIIe HexoTOpblx BoupocoB BecbMa cno~ICablx II cosepHleHHO eII;e
He pa3pa60TaHHbIX. e~TII BOIIpOCbI CBSI3aHbI, B OCHOBHOM, c IIpIIpoRoi~
eCTOCTBOHHOE OCTaTOTIHOII HaMBPHII~IeHHOCTII OCaJ~OTIHbiX HopoR. Ilep-
Bble CyII;eCTBeHHble pe3yJIbTBTbI B 3TOII 06JIaCTII 6bIJIII IIOJIyLIeHbI
TOJIbxO B IIOCJieJ~HIIe RBa rOl~a, eH;e HIIxeM He o606H~exbl II CBe,T~eHgx
O HHX paa6pocaHbl IIO MHOPOtIIICJIeHHbIM pa3p03HOHHbIM CTaTbHM
B IIHOCTpaHHbIX CIIeI;IIaJIbHbIX xcypxa~Iax. PxR yxce IIasecTHblx c~ax-
'POB ?xJ~eT CBOerO 06T,SiCHOHIIFi, MHOPIIe IIOJIO?xeHIISi HOCfiT RIICxyCCgOH-
IIbIi3 XapaxTep. II03TOMy B OTHOHI2HIIII (~II3IItIeCxIIX OCHOB I[aJIeOMar-
HOTH3Ma a$TOp BbIHy?K~[eFI, II3JI0?xIIB B03b10HfHble IIyTII B03HIIKHOBe-
HIIH II I;aJIbHeHIIIeH IICTOpIIII eCTOCTBeHHOII OCTaTOiIHOI3 HaMarHIIileH-
HOCTII OCaJ~OtIHbIX HOpOJ~, JIIIHIb BHpaTlje xOCHyTbCSi B03MOHSHOH IIH-
TepupeTal;IIH HexoTOpbTx OHbITHbIX (~axTOB. Pe3yJIbTaTbI Hj)OBOJ~eH-
HbIX as HocJteAIIee BpeMII Ha~IeoMarHHTHbIX pa6oT 6yRyT ocBeH~exbl
Hecxo~Ibxo 6o~Iee HoRpo6HO. IfaxcRoMy gs aTIIx paaAenoB 6yRyT
IIpeRIIOC.~axbl xpaTxxe cseReHIIa 06 ocxosax slBneHII~I MaraeTgaMa
ropHblx IIopoR II aeMIIOro MarxeTIIaMa.
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Ilaneo.,uaaxemuJ,w Kah ocFwea na.~FO~~a2xumxozo ,uemo8a rtioppe~axr~uu 17
? 1. O c]~iraz3~ecxHx ocxosax riarreomiaraeTl3ama
Maahemu3.nx aop~aa:x nopoa. 06z~ue norco arcexusa
MarHIITHbie clloHCTBa ropxbrx IIopou olrpeuealaroTCa IIperi;Ae Bcero
MarHxTHbIMII csol~cTBaMH Hx MIIHepa.noB. ~TI3 MHHepa.nbl, Isar; H Bce
Bei>;ecTBa, Ho cBOIIM MarHHTIibIM cBOi~cTBaM Re.~slTCx Ha ~SHaMarHBT-
Hbre, HapaMarHHTHble r3 c~eppoMarHHTHbre. J~HamarxeTHr;H H IIapa-
MaraeTllxr3 IIMeroT o~IeHb c~Ia6ble iviarHllTHble cxoHCTBa, IIpII~Ieai Berc-
Top HamarxHUeHHOCTH (MarHHTHbIi3 MoMeHT eRrFHIII~bi o6T~eMa) onpe-
;~eJISIeTCSr IIj10CTbIM COOTHOIIIeHIIeM
I - rH, (q)
:iaBIICH, TaRI3M 06pa30D1, TOJIbIiO OT MarHHTHOPO IIOJIH H, J{eHC7'13yI0-
H~ero B J~aHHbIH MOMOHT. I~03I~3~IIL~HCHT 7L Ha3bIBaeTCH MarHIITHOr3
BOCHpI3I3MiIIIBOCTbrO, J~Jirr j(IIaMarHOTHKOB OH 6yReT BeJIH9IIHOH OTpII-
uaTe.nbxoK (HOpHRxa - 10-6), a Reza IIapaMarxeTlrxolt - IIo.no-
;xIITe.nbriol~ (riopxRxa 10-s-10-4).
~eppoMarHHTHble Beir~ecTBa oT.aH~IaIOTCH He To.nbxo cIIOCO6HOCTbIo
CHJIbHO Ha MaP1iIILIIIBaTbCH F3 MBrHIITHOM IIOJIO (7t 3J~eCb IIOJ[OiI;HTI,'JIbHa
VS M05ISOT J~OCTIIraTb HOCr{OTIbIfHX J~eCFITIiOB eJ~HHHI~), HO H TeM, iITO
;~JIH HHX He CyH;eCTByeT TaKOH IIpOCTOH 3aBHCHMOCTH HBMarHHLIeII-
kiOCTH OT MarHIITHOI'O IIOJIfr. MarHIITHOe COCTOHHHe (~CppOMarHOTYIIia,
B ~IaCTHOCTH, BeJIHzIIIHa H HaIIpaBJIeHHe BexTOpa HaMarHIIiICHHOCTII,
3aBHCHT He TOJIbI{O OT J~EHCTByIOH;CPO M3rHHTHOPO HOJiH H, HO OT
Bceil IIpeRBZecTByroli;eH HcTOpHII IlaMarHII'IHBaHIISI c~eppoMarHeTIIxa.
BexTOp HaMarHIIUeHHOCTH c~eppomarxeTHxa, c.acuoBaTe.nbxo,
aB.nxe'rex BelsTOpxoil cyMMOK IIHRyuIIpollaxxoK HaMarHH~IexxocTH
Ii = xH II ecTecTBexxoH ocTaTO~HOH xaaiarHH=ICHHOCTH In
BoaHI3xHOBeHHe H006paTHMbIX II3MCHeHIII3 I~IIaauIIII.
Ma2humttaae ceoucmea .~cutcepa.~oe
HaII6o~tee xpxo BblpaxcexxblMII c~epponzarHHTHbIMII cBOHCTBaMII
o6naRaloT MIIHepanbl, oTHOCxII~IIecx K K.naccaM c~eppIITOB, oKIICnoB
H CepHIICTbIX COe,ISIIHOHIIII SKeJIe3a. c~TO - MarHBTIIT H eP0 pa3HOBIIJ~-
HOCTII, IIIIppOTIIH, f~paHxJIIIHIIT, MBrreMIIT, MapTIIT, PeMaTIIT II JIIIMO-
HIIT. Bblcox$e axaueHIIII BocupIIIIMUIIBOCTII II Ha~IIIxHe c~eppoMar-
HgTHbIx cso~ICTB, xoTOpble BcTpe*IaloTCx y TaxIIx MIIHepa.aoB KaI:
CIIJ~epHT, HdIbMCHIIT, aM(~II60nbI, CepIIEHTIIH, XpOMIIT, IIIIpIIT, xaCCII-
TepIIT, B LIIICTOM BIIRe HBJISIIOII~IIXCSI IIapaMarHeTIIxaMII, 06H3a$bI
IIpIIMCCII 11I8PHOTIITa. BCe OCTaJIbHble MIIxepaJlbl, B TOM TIHCTIe H HO-
poRoo6paaylo>;IIe MIIHepa7Ibl OCaJ;OtIHbIX IIOpOJ(, sFBnSIIOTCH IIapaMar-
HIITxbIMII II RIIaMarHIITHbIMII BeII;ecTBaMII. I~Ia HIIx x AIIaMarHHTHbIM
OTHOCFITCH: KaMOHHaSI COnb, rIIIIC, aHrIIRpIIT, xanbl~IIT, MarHe3IIT
II HexOTOpble HOJIOBble IIIIIaTbI, nOJI05KHT0JIbHbIO 3HaueHIIH 7C BCTpe-
LIaIOTCFI y 3TIIX MIIHepaJIOB TOI'J~a, KOI'J~a OHII 3arpSI3HOHbI IIpIIMOCHMII.
TaKIIM 06pa30M, M05KH0 3axJIIO'IIITb, ~ITO c~IeppOMarHeTII3M OCaji,Otl-
Hblx IIOpOR 06yCJIOBJFeH, B OCHOBHOM, IIpIICyTCTBIIOM B IIX COCTaBe
MarHeTIITa, MapTIITa, reMaTIITa II ~IIMOHIITa. HexoTOpoe aIIa*IeH~e
gMCIOT: CH}'~epIIT, IIJIbMOHIIT H IIIIpIIT - IIOCTOnbxy, IIOCKOnbxy
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I
B HHX CCTb IIpmMCCm O1CmCJIOB HfeJIe3a. 1~aCCMOTpmM HOCISOJIb1S0 HO-
,(p06.Hee MarHI3THbIOC BOHCTBa 3TI3X MmHepaJIOB [M. A. I'pa6oscxmH,
1952; E. M. HHOBCxmK, 1953; Hmlconbc (Nicholls), 1955].
MarxeTl3T - Fe0 ? Fe203 - c~eppoc~eppmT, oTxocmTCx x x.naccy
I~eppmTOS - 6mmapmblx olcmc.aos, o6paaosaxmbzx Fea03 C oxgc~IaMm
9J~HOPO 133 J;ByXBaJIeHTHbIX MOTaJiJIOB. 170JIbmIflHCTBO I]leppmTOB
xpmcTa.a.amayloTCx B peuleTxy Tmma HImmIIe~Im m sIBTISIIOTCx c~eppo-
~zarxeTmxaMm. MarmezmT B HpmpoAe BcTpe~IaeTCx xax B no~Tg xmcTOM
BmRe, TaH m, B 6o.nblummcTBe c~ty*IaeB, B BmAe c.noxcxblx c~eppmTOB -
TxramoMarlleTmTa, xpoMOMarmeTmTa, MarmoMarHeTmTa, c~paHlc~ImmmTa,
xoTOpble mpeRcTaB~txloT co6o1~ TBepRble pacTBOpbI B Marl3eTmTe Rpy-
rmx c~eppmTOS (Fe0 ? TiO~,aFeO ? Cr20a, RZ^0 ? Fez03, Zn0 ?Fe20~, Mn0
' Fe2~)a)?
MarmeTmT He coRepxcal>~mH mpmMeceK xapaxTepmayeTCx Bocnpm-
gMxmsocTblo B c~Ia6blx Ho~zxx (HOpxRxa aeMxoro) x = 0,1-29 CGSM,
maoTepMm~Iecxoi3 ocTaTO~IHOi3 HaMarxmuexaocTblo Anx mo.aHOro umlcala
Ir = 4-20 LGSM, IfoapumTmBHOH cm~IOi3 H~ = 7-30 span m To~I-
xox Klopm T,; = 560-585? C. BbIBleyxasaHHble npmNlecm noBbl-
ulaloT H~ m xacTO cm~Ibllo i~ommxcaloT To*Ixy I~IOpm - mxorRa Hmxce
150? C? ~36bITOR Fe0 m.nm Fe203 TaIi5lfe CmJIbHO BJImSIeT Ha M8rHI3T-
llble CBOHCTBa MarHCTI3Ta. BJImfIHI3e HOI{OTOpbIX IIpmMOCem Ha TOT1Iiy
Kxlpm MaPHeTLITa mJI.TIIOCTpmpyCTCH TahJI. 1.
$7lkiflHHC 3aMPII~BHIIfl HOH()B FC++ T N f' H~+ H$ T091iy KH)~111
MaI'HCTHTa ~H3 I'p HI~f~IkiTCa ki I1nEkF a, ~.9J~~
3anleulalolgnr3cfl
HOPI
:3aMeu~aloujxi3
xoll
BepxxnH npeAen
3aMenlennli, ~~j
I~IaMeneHnu
T04ICn I{IOpn, ~~,
Fe~---I--I-
Aj-1-+-~-
15
--40
u
Cr+'++
18
-15
Fe~+
Co++
Ono
-55
u
:~'i-I-+
IoU
x-20
41g-{--}-
inu
-260
2Na-I-
7
-40
OKI3Cb xce~Ieaa FezOa BcTpe~IQeTCx B ,gByx MoAmc~mxaumax:
y-Fe~Oa m a=Fe~03. IIepllaa - MarreMmT mpeucTaB,axeT co6o~I
mpoRyxT oxmc~IeHmsl MarmeTmTa m xapalcTepmayeTCx xy6mxecxo~I
peuleTxoil, axa~IOrmuHOH pelmeTxe MarmeTmTa m slpxo BblpaxtexxblMg
c]leppoMarxmTHblMm csoL~cTSaMm (x = 0,1 CGSM, lr = 1 CGSM,
H? = 30-400 span, TK = 720? C). Ec.am Hpm olcmc~Iexmm upo-
Baolu.aa mepecTpoi3lca xpmcTa~I~Im~ecxoi3 penleTx~I, a Hp>3cTa~I~II~I Bce
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xce coxpaHHJti~ slleruHHil o6JIHK KpHCT'aJIJtoB MarHeTr~Ta, To Taxl~e
HCeBJ~OMOp[~03b[ a- Fe~~3 - reMaTHTa HO MarHOTHTy Ha3bIBaIOTCH
MapTHT011t. MapTraT, BCpOHTHO, 6JIaroAapx COXpaHHBHILIMCSI OCTaTKaM
Fe304 $, y - Fl??U3, "PdKiiCE' 06JIaj{aeT BbICOKO$ MdrHIITHOCTbIO ~1C =
= 0,003-0,13 CGSM, Tr = 0,03-0,7 LGSM, H~ Ro 500 ~pcm).
reMaTI3T a=FCZUg IIMCCT pOM003j{pH~ICCKyK) KpHCTaJIJIflTIeCKyIO
pelueTKy H o6JiauaeT aHTIIf~OppoAlarHHTHbIMH csoI3cTBahtH. AHTHC~eppo-
MarIIOTHIiH HpHHaj~JIC't1iaT If rpyHHe HapaMarHl[THbIx TeJI, HO OTJIII-
YaIOTCSI OT HHX CI30000pa:IHbIMYt MarHHTHbIMH CBOI3CTBaMH, B iIaCTHO-
cTr3, HaJIHUHenI oco6oK To~iKH I{IOpH, HHar;c KoTOpoH x 3aBHCHT oT
HaMarHH~IHBaIOH~ero HoJlst. ~JIx a =Fe~03 TK ^ 675? C. AHTHC~ep-
pOMarHCTY[KH IIOKa3bIBaB)T fiBJIOHIIH rHCTOpe3IdCa H OTJIHTIaIOTCFI
O~ICHb BbICOKOH K03pI~HTHBHOH CHJIOII H IIC60JIbIIIHMH 3Ha~IeHHHMII
I[30TE'pMHiICCKOH OCTaTOzIHOH HaMarHHiIOHHOCTII. TaK, j{Jlsi
a= Fe203 H~ p{ocTllraeT 7000 apcm., I, =0,03, x=20-100.10_6 CGSM.
~pHpOj~HbIC reMaTHTbI OYOHb tIaCTO HMeIOT [~eppOMflrHHTHble HpIIMeCII
~B BHj~E? Y=Fe~O3 H FC3O~), ~ITO CHJIbHO H3MOIIHCT HX MarHHTHble
CBOHCTBa, BCJ~H Ii HOBbIHI('HHIO 7L II lr. QiICHb Ba?KIIbID2 CBOHCTBOM re-
MaTr~Ta slBUUCTCSI To, ~ITO HpH oxJraxsReHxH c Bb[coKHx TeMHepaTyp
off HoJZytlaeT cIIJIbxylo TepmloocTaTOYHyIO HantarHl[~ICHHOCTb, B Trucxu~I
paa HpeBbliualourylo HIIRyI~HposaHHyx) [E. Te~zbe, 1950].
YI.nbMex>~IT Fe0 ? Ti02, I.aI: 6bIJIO yxce yl:aaaxo, B ~HCTOM
Bv[j~[~ xBJZxercti HapamarHHTxbIM Bell~ecTBOM, c BocI7pH1IM~IHSOCTbIO
r[opxuKa E00 10_6 CGSM. ORHaxo uJIbMeHxT c MarxeTUTOM Ii rema-
THTOM 06pa3yeT TBepj~bIC paCTBOpbI - TIITBHOMaPHCTHT II rCMOyIJIb-
~[exIIT, KoTOpble HRJISIIOTCH e~eppoMarxHTHbIaIU. Marx~THb[e cBO~cTBa
T[ITaHOMarxeTHTa rOJIH3KH K TaxoBblM AJtx MarxeTxTa, oTJrH~aacb
JIHIIIb HOBbIIIICHHbIMH 3Ha~ICHIIIIMH KOOpi[HTIIBH,OH CHJIbI ~~O 20U ~pcm),
MarHLITHble CBOHCTBa reMOHJIbbICIIHTa HO~ITH HC H3yiI0HbI. 1,CMOIIJIb-
MOHH'C 06JIaj{a(',T O~iE'Hb BbICOKOI~ K03pI[HTHBHOLI CHJIOH - HECIiOJIbK(?
COT 7pCTCJ~ li TOtIKOH I{IOpH T,, =~3()? C ~KaBBH, 1954; HaraTa,
1955; HIIKOJIbC, 1955].
BaaHMOOTIIOHieHIIH MeaKuy 9THDIH Tpenrx MHxepaJtaMH oueab
HpocTO Hso6pasHTb xa Tpo~HOii ~HarpaMMe Fc0-Fe~O; - TiO~
(pllc. 2).
I~IaBecTHble TBCpub[e pacTBOpbI JloxcaTCx Ha HpslMble, cocRHllxlo-
iur~e Fe0 ?Fe~03 c FeO, 2 Fe0 ?TiO~, Fe0 ?TiO~, z~ Fea03. 3a-
IHTpI~xollaxa o6.nacTb, rj{e He cyH~ecTByeT TBCpj~blx pacTBOpoB ~aaxc
HpH MarMaTH~ICCKHX TeMHepaTypaX. IIpm HOHHNtiCHLIH TCMHCpaTyPb[
eTa o6JtacTb pacHlllpxeTCx, ~ITO Bep{eT K BblllauellHlo cocTaBJIxIOH~Hx
r1a pacTBOpa H K HaJIH'IIIIO j{syX c~aa B o6paayloluHXCA MHHepaJlbHblx
aepllax. Bce TaKHe MHHepaJtbxble aepxa, AByxc~aaxble HJIH c xepaa-
j~eJTOHHbIMH KOMHOHCHTaMH, 06bIiiHO KJIaCCH[~YII~HpyK)TCfI K8K HpOCTO
) HJIyI >x alxxepaxor,, Bao,~siII~xx Bee cocTaB.
~,ux ugcroro nrarxeTHT~i oxa cocTar;~s~eT 575? C, ~nsl paa~t:uHblx ero
paaxoBII~xocTei~ Kone6neTCH o~' 315 ~jo 600" C; uxx MarrcnlIITa TK =
720? C, Axrr reMaTHTa T~; =6 i 5? C, ~~sr reMOH~bv~exHTa Ts =230? C.
flxorAa Touxa I~iapII MoxceT oH~~?KaTbcIl ~0 14.0?C [Hulco~Ibc, 1955].
S3B~IexIIe TeMIIepa'rypxoro MarHHTxoro rHCTepeaxca HpIIBOABT
K Tonzy, uTO ~IIO'ooe HarpeBaxIIe ocaRoulloi~ Ilopoubl Be,T~eT K uacTHUxoH
IIoTepe IIeprloxaua.nbuo~I ocTaTOUHOI~ IlanlarxxueHxocTII, a IIocne-
~ylolljee ox~IaxcRexlle B NlarxIITxoM Hoalo 3eM~Ix BbIablBaeT HoBOe
HaMaPHI3LIIIBaHYIC. e~TO IIepeMarHHiIHBaHHe 6yReT B OGII;OM T0M GOJIbHIO,
iIOM 60JIbIIIe ,I;I3aIIa30x TOMIIepaTyp. ECJIII TeMIIepaTypa XOTSi 6bI OJj-
Ha}KJ~bI J;OCTIIPHOT TOTIHII KIOpYI J~JIH MHxepaJia, C KOTOpbIM CBII3aH
I~eppOMaPHOTII3M IIOpO}~bl, IIepBOHaiIaJIbHaH Ha MarHIILIOHHOCTb OKa-
SKOTCSI IIOJIHOCTbIO yHHUT05IieHHOII. Talc KaK MHOPIIe OCaZ[O~IHble IIO-
pOj~bI CO~ep9lfaT HOCKOJIbKO I~eppOMBrHYITHbIX COCTdBJIFIIOII;IIX, IIMOIO-
II(IIX pa3JIII~IHble TOLIKII KH)pYI II, CJIeJ~OBaTCJIbHO, B pa3JIII~IHOI3 CTe-
HexII ycTOHUHBbIx IIo oTxoulexIIlo x IIaalexellHSIM TeblIIepaTypbl,
MoxceT oxaaaTbcx, uTO JIIIIIIb oRHa cocTaB~taloII;asl pro xa-
IIlero BpeMeHII csolo IIeplloxa~a~Ibxylo ocTaTO~xyxl HaMarxl~ueII-
HOCTb.
OCal~OUFGblC nOpOl~bd 1#ah" xocume/cu narceo.~wazrdemua.nTa.
Ilpoucxoarc8etcue ecmecmaennou ocmamo'~nou na.M1aa21GU~deF~}GOCmu
OCa(~O~FGblx nopoa
~HTepIIpeTaI~I3Fi pe3yJIbTaTOB II3yLIeHIISI eCTOCTBeHHOi3 OCTaTOiIHOYI
HaMarH13'IeHHOCTII OCaJ~OTIHbIX IIOpOJ~ HCMbICJIHMa 6e3 FICHOPO IIpeA-
CTaBneHIISI O TOM, KOP~{a II KaIfIIM Ofjpa30M 3Ta xaMarxII~IexxOCTb
B03HIIKaeT. MbI j{OJIHfHbi, CJIeJ~OBaTOJIbHO, 3HaTb OTBOTbI Ha CJICJ[yI0-
n;ge Bonpocbl: 1) xa KaxoM aTaIIe c~opMHpOBaHHSI IIopoRbl BoaxxxaeT
OCTaTO~IHaH HaMBrHIIileHHOCTb, 2) B pE3yJIbTaTe J~eIICTBIIFI KaKIIX
(~1g3H'IOCKIIX aPOHTOB 3T0 IIl)OgCXOJ~I3T, 3) MO}IfET JIg B03HHKBTafi OCTa-
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-ro=Irtasl xaMarH$=IexxocTb coxpax$Tbcx Ro xa$I$x ~HeH $ xalr$e
yC.t[OB$fI ~JIH 3TOP0 Hy}KHbI.
Elge B ISOHL~O 30-X PP., B CaMOM Ha=ia.Re $3y=IeH$H eCTOCTBOHHOH
OCTaTO=IxOI3 xaMaPH$YeHHOCT$ OCaj[O=IH6IX $OpOI~ 6bIdi$ $3BeCTHbI
c~axTbI, IfOTOpble x03BOJI$JI$ HOCTdB$Tb BO$pOC O BOCCTaxORJIeH$$
P00JIOP$=IeCI{O$ $CTOp$$ MaPH$T$OPO HOJIH 3eMJI$. =~T$ (~aHTbI CBOA$-
JI$Cb K C~IeAylori;$M xOJIO}ICe$$HM; 1) MxOP$e OCaJ;O=Ixble HOpOJ~bI COJ~ep-
SKaT I~eppOMaPH$T$ble 'IaCT$I[bI, ~~ $CHyCCTBexHbI$ OCaJ~OIC, OUpa30-
BBHHbI$ BbIHaZ[aIOII~$NI$ $8 BOJ~HOI3 CYCH0H3$$ (~eppOM8PHI3TxbIM$
=IaCT$I~aM$, I3aMaPII$=I$BaeTCFI B HaxpaBneH$$ Hpr3JI0}IieHHOPO M8P-
x$THOro $o~ta, 3) ecTecTBexxasl ocTaTO~xax HaMarx$*IexxocTb oca-
RoxHbrx Hopo;~ B xercoTOpblx c~yuaxx coxpax$~Iacb xe$aMexxoH
B Te~Iex$e MHOr$x Mx.n,a$oxoB .neT. IIoc~IeRyIOII~ee AecslT$.aeT$e
HeMxoroe Hp$6aB$.ao B aTOH o6.aacT$, $ JI$ILIb Ha=II3HaA c 1953 r. 6bIJI
lIpOBCJ~eH pslu pa6oT, BHCCHI$X xeI{OTOpyIO xCHOCTb B BO$pOCbI O B03-
MO}KxOYI $p$pORe HOC$TOJIe$ eCT8CTB0HHOii OCTaTO=IHOI3 HaMaPH$=IBH-
HOCT$ O('aJ~O=rHbIX $OpOj~, O MOXaH$3Me B03H$ICxOBCH$FI 3TOI3 HaMBPHH-
~Ie$xocT$ $ 06 yc.noB$xx ee cTa6$.ab:HOCTII [Kserr, 1954; HI3ICOJIbC,
1955], xoTSI $ ceii=Iac eH;e ue.nbrH psl,z BecbMa BaxcHbzx MonleHTOs
ocTaeTCx xesbzsicHexxblM. Bce }Ice cocTOxH$e Borlpoca RaeT xaM Bos-
MoxcxocTb noHblTaTbcx B o6x;$x ~epTax $poc.aeA$Tb 9Ta$bI Boax$xxo-
BOH$SI $ J~aJlbHexrxei3 $CTOpIIII eCTCCTBOHHOI3 OCTaTO=IHOI3 HaMaPHI?=IeH-
xocT$ ocaRo~HOI~ $opoAbl.
EcTecTBeHHax ocTaTO~Hax xaMarHH=IexxocTb ocaRouxblx $opoR
cBxaaxa c xa.a$=I$eM ~ieppoMarx$Txbrx xoMr~oxexTOB B $x cocTase.
CpeR$ aT$x xoM$ollexTOB MbI BbIRe.~$.n$ Tpr~ Ppyxxbl: pyRxbre aepxa
MarxeT$Ta $ ero pasxoB$uxocTeH, ToxFCOpaccexxxblH reMaT$T, Marre-
M$T $ Mar$eTHT, a Taxxse paa.n$~xble o6paaoBax$sI $$p$Ta, JI$MOH$Ta
$ c$Aep$Ta, B ocxosxoM R$arexeT$xecx$e $ aH$rexeT$uecxl~e. OcTa-
To~Hax xaMarx$uexxocTb, csslaaxxax c Isa}xRoH $a aT$x rpyH$,
B03H$KaeT pa3HbIM$ IIyTSIM$ $ $MOeT pa3xylo CyRb6y, XOTH oxpeRe-
,asrloll~$az c~axTOpoM Bo Bcex c.nyxaslx 6yueT MarH$THOe $o.ae 3eM.nr~.
3Haxexxe Ica}xRori $a aT$x cocTar;.asllox;xx o6x;eK ecT?cTBexxoK ocTa-
ToxHOH HaMarHxuexxocT$ $opoRbl It.ax Bo$pocoB, cBxaaHHbrx c Boc-
cTaxoB~IeH$eM RpeBHCro Marx$Txoro xo.ax 3enl.a$, 6yReT pealso a xpxH-
r~$$$a,nbxo paa~I$=IxbIM.
MarxeT$T, xax Bxo~sllq$I~ B paccexxxoM BxAe B cocTaB MarMaT$-
YOCK$X $ MCTaMOpI~$=IECIf$X $OpOj{, TaIC $ BbIJ~eJI$BIII$I3CFI B B$J~e
}IS$JIbHbIX 06pa30BaHHI3 $ BlfpaHJiCHHbIX pyu, OOJIaRaeT OGbI=IHO C$JIb-
x0$ eCTeCTBexxO$ OCTaTO=IHO$ HIiMBPH$=ICHHOCTbIO, BeJIrfiI$Ha ISOTOpOYI
aaB$c$T oT rexea$ca xopoR $pyA, RocT$rax 20 LGSM. IIpo$cxoxcRe-
H$e JTOH HaMaPH$=feHHOCT$ rOr,IJIO $3JI0}Ife$O BbIBIe.
IIp$ paapyxzex$$ aT$x HopoR $pyA o6alonlxx MarxeT$Ta, $ocTy-
xalol>;$e B Tepp$rexxbll~ xpyrollopoT, B Texex$e xaxoro-TO BpeMex$
coxpaxaloT csolo c$,abxylo ocTaTOxxylo xaMarx$*IeHxocTb. ~JIaPO-
Rapx sTOMy, no$aRasl B cocTaB ocaRxa, ox$ op$exT$pyioTCx cBO$Mx
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MarxHTIIbIMx MoMeHTaMx B cTaTxcTx~IecltoM cpeRxeM IIo HaxpaB.ae-
HHIO Ho.nxoro BoKTOpa Rei~cTBOSaBxzero I3 To BpeMSI aeMHOro MarHgT-
Iloro Ho~Ix B jl;axxoM pa>3oxe. CTexexb aTOi~ opHeHTHpoBxII, a, c.aeRo-
BaTe~Ibxo, r~ cyMMapxax Be~IH~HHa ocTaTO~HOr3 xaMarHF~~IexxocTl~,
csslaaxxoi~ c 3TIlMH ~IacTl3r;aM>3, 6yj~eT oxpej;e.nxTbcx, c oRHOI~I cTOpo-
HbI, Be~IH`IxxoH coxpaHxBiIIel~csl ocTaTO~[HOH xaMarHH~IeHxocTH *IacTxu
:+tarlleTHTa >~ Hx paaMepaM>3 x c~opMOi~, a c j{pyroi3 - rHRpoRxxaMx~Ie-
cxxMH yc~IOBxxMg ocaRKOO6paaosaHHx - cHnoi~ H xapaKTepoM Te~Ie-
HYII3.
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CyMMapHbIIi BeKTOp eCTCCTBeHHOI3 OCT8T0'IHOII Ha MarHH'IeHHOCTI~I 6y-
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riyRyT HocTexeHHO H3Me~Ib*IaTbcx H oKl~c~txTbcsl, Hpespail;aHCb B
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ORxogoMeHHble uacTHubl, BaBeHZexxble B Bone I3JIH o6paaosaBIIrHe
KOdIdIOHRHbIH paCTBOp, OpI3eHTHpyIOTCSI CBOHMH BeKTOpaMH CIIOHTax-
HOH HaMBrHx=IeHHOCTII B HaIIpaBJleHgg 3eMHOPO MarHIITHOrO IIOJIH
g, xax xoxaaan ~nMOp X1938], yxce xonaloHAxI.~I~ pacT~op 6yAeT B
uenoM xaMarxHxeH Ho xaxpaB~Iexralo MarHHTxoro Ho.nst. IIpH ocaxcAe-
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RoK oxaablBaeTCx ocT'aTOUHO xaMarHrzxexxblM B xaxpasaleHHx Mar-
HHTHOro Hoax [PpHC~I~HTC H KIIHr, 1954]. B~IaroRapH MaablM paa-
Mepant uacTg>; BoaMyH~alou~ee ReI~cTBxe TeuexHK H MomexTa cHalbl
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oHa couepxcIIT cpaBHHTesbllo He6o.abHlIIe xoHuexTpaullH oRHORoMex-
xblx uacTxu Taxoro c.na6oMarxHTHOro MBxepa~Ia xaK reMaTHT.
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cgRepgT x HBpHT, BbIxaBHIHe Hs pacTBOpoB HpH o6paaoBaHHH ocaAxa
g cpaay Hocne ero o6paaosaxHH. Bce ocTa~Ibxbre KoMxoxexTbl TpeTbeli
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rpyHHbl 6yRyT i3rparb po,ab HoMexII R~Ix onpeRe.aeHHSI MarxgTHOro
no~Ix 3eM.ng anoxx ocaAxoo6paaosaHxx, Hcxaxtax rlepBOxa~a~Ibxoe
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OCa~ICa B HaHpaBJIeHIIH aTOPO MarHHTHOPO HOTIA eH;e HOJ~OCTaTOiIHO.
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IIHJIacb Ro xaulHx RHei~. MbI y~ICe BH~CJIH, PTO ocTaTOUHax xaMarxH-
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6bzrb cTa6HsibxoH B reosiorIIUecxoM MacHITa6e BpeMeHH.
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C CaMHMH HOCY_ITOJIFIMH eCTECTBOHHOH OCTBTOiIHOH HaMBrHIIileHHOCTH
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IlpiiBOJ~IIT IC TObiy, iITO (~epp6bl8rHIITHble ilaCTrlr[bT, HE' IIMeIOII[IIe
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HbIbfH OCFIMH iJJIH?ICe K ropH30HTaJIII. TaI; I;ax J~JIHHHble OCH tIaCTHI~,
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J~aBJIHBaHIIH H BbI}I{HMaHHH CJIOOB, CICOJIb?ICeHIIH HO HHM HJIH IIO
COpaCblBaTeJIIIM. n0p(',zIHCJIeHHble SIBJIeHIIfI CHOCOCHbI HCICa3HTb .J;O
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HOCTH 06pa3I~OB, B3fiTbIX B HCHOCpC~CTBOHHOH ijJIIi30CTH H CC7pOC8M,
OpHOHT$pyIOTCH HapaJIJIeJIbHO HJIOCI~GCTH C6pCCa ~rpH(~}(~HTC II
I~HHr, 1954]. HpocTOe arse yH.noTHexIIe ocaRxa MaxceT JIHHIb HpII6~tH-
3HTb BexTOp HaMarHH~eHHOCTH x ropHaoxTa~tH, He Hcxaxcasl ero
opHeHTHposxy B ropHaoHTa~IbxoH H.aocxocTH.
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OCa~OTiHOH HOpOJ~bI - OIfHCHbIC COeJ~HHeHHfI SIfeJIe3a - I;aI; H3BeCTHO,
.,
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IIOyCTOi3YI3BbI B BoccTaxoBlzTeJlbxoH cpe;~e [H. M. CTpaxos, 1948;
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eruc Ha craRHl{ paxxero RIIarel{eaa, To aTO eIISe He Talcax 6oJtbxiax
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IIJIH cl~RepHT, IcoTOpbie, Bhl~cTe c ocTaThaMU hlarxeTIITa, BII~uhlo
Talcxce MoryT olcaaaTbcH xahiarHUILeHHbI~IIi II uollecTU Ro xaIIlero
13peM0HH HaIIpaBJIeHIIC MaPHHTHOrO HOJIH OIIOXx OTJIOIICCHIIH OCaJ~1Ca,
ecJlu t3 xe To~Ixo, To Bo BcxxoM cJtyYae BecbMa 6JII33KOI3 Ic xeH. Ha-
MHOrO 6OJIeO 3Hat1xTCJIbHyIO pOJIb MoryT CblrpaTb IIpOxIIICIIIIIe 13II0-
CJIC,~CTBIII3 B IIOlIOt'l;y paCTBOpbi. l3blli~eJIa~IIIB8HIIC OKHCHbIX COeJ~HHe-
HI3II 1lfeJie;3a hI0?KeT 6birb IIOJIHbIM, H TO1'J);a IIopop~a IIOTep1IeT BCIO
IICpBOHaYaJI6HyI0 OCTa'POTIHyIO Ha MarHII~IeHHOCTb.
C RpyroK cTOpoHbL, B olCucJll{TeJlbxbix ycJloBUxx cuRepl{T, IIupIIT
u MarxeTUT IIepexoAaT I3 rehlaTIIT H JIHMOHIIT. PehtaTHT, xoTx II Becbhla
ycTOH~IIB B oxxcJLl{TeJIbH3iIx ycJloBIIxx, TaxxCe hio?KeT B xoxue xoxi;oB
IICpCI3T1I B JIHDSOHILT. IIpH BCHICOM IIOJJ;OCHOM xIIM1I~IeCKOM 1'I3M0H0HI{II
IIepBOHaIIaJIbHaH OCTdTOTLHali HaMarHLItIOHHOCTb 6yAeT TepSITbCSI,
a L{OBbIC DIIIHCpaJI6HbIC OOpa3OBaHI3fI rOyJ[yT HaMarIIYIiI13BaTbCFI y1K8
13 H~IIpaBJIOHIIlI }[OBOI'O 3GJIHOPO MarHHTHOI'O IIOJIfI, OTJIIILIHOI'O OT
lIOJIH BpeM(;H$ O~pa3OBa1{}LFI OCaJ{Ka. IfpOMe TOrO, B IIpOI;eCCO OICI!ICJIe-
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xoe MarxlLTxohiy IIoJlio aIIOxli o6pa3ol3axusL ocaRxa. B peayJlbTaTe,
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ocooeH_IO 6JIaroIIpl{13Txbix ycJloBIIxx, IIopoRa hioiKCT IIpI{o6pecTu
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13JIC HFIIO IIepBOHaiIaJIbHOLI.
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soRxTCx IIoR BoaRei~cTBUeM MarxuTxoro IIoJIx 3eMJII3. IIoBeRexIIe
OT1IX HOMIIOHOHTOB B M3PHI3TIIO3I IIOJIe B TeTLeIIIIe J~JIIIHHbIX OTpe3ICOB
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pacTH 3a c=IeT Apyrxx, H uacTllur~, B KoHue-roHuoB, oxaxcyTCA xaMar-
xIIUCHHbrMH B xaIIpaBlreHi111 xosoro MarxHTxoro IIcJIH. e~TOT IIpouecc
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TOpy 3eMHOPO MBrHIITHOI'O IIOJIH ~I',. Te7lbe, 1950). c~TO }ICe HBJIeHHe
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MarHH~1CxHOCTx IiOTOpbiX 3HeprCTH~3eCKx HaII6OJIee BbIrOj~HO, H0B03-
AfONiliO. 1~3MOHeHII1I HaIIpaBJIeIIHFI HaAIarHHtIeHHOCTH TeJIa, 000Ta-
I3JIeH[lOPO H3 TBHIIX iIaCTHI>;, MbICJIHMO TOJIbI~O B pC3yJrbTaTe IIpOI(CC-
COB BpaII1C1IHII, ICO1'OpbIC H(,'BO3MOiiCHb[ IIpII CJIa6bIX MBrHIITHbIX IIOJIIIX,
a HAICIOT McCTO TOJIbiiO B IIOJISIX B HOCICOJIbHO TbICHtl 3pCTeZ{ ~C.. B. BOH-
coBCKHH H H. C. IITyp, 1948] . ~THM H o6~HCxxeTCx Bbicoxaa xo3p-
I[IITHBHa1i CIIJIa TaI{IIX TeJI. MaI'IIIITHOe 1iCe IIOJre c~eMJIH (0,5 3rJCm~
CaAIO, ~e3 BMeHIaTOJIbCTBa a->,pyrNX (~aliTOpOB, IIe B COCTOSiHHII Ra3Ke
3a OrpOMIlble IIp0AIe51iyTI~I~I 13pCMCHII H3MCHHTb HaIIpaBJIeHHe OCTaTO~I-
HOII Ha MaPHI3ileHIIOCTH TeJia, COCTONII~erO H3 H3OJIIIpOBaHH~X j[OMC-
HOB.
~J(H8H0 li peaJIbHhIX yC1IO13HHX 3CA1xOC AIBrHHTHOe IIOJIe J>,e33CT13yeT
H COI3OKyIIHOCTH C ~pyrIIAIII (~II3HileCItixMII areHTaAILi; H3 HBX HaI160JIb-
iuee BJIIIHIIHC Ha IIaAIarHI~TICHHCCTb OJ~HOJI,OMCHHbIX ~IaCTIII[ MOryT
oxa3blBaTb TeAinepaTypHbie xo.ne6axxx.
HO TeOpIIH HeeJIH, 13peMA, B TeileHIIC I~O1'OpOrO OT,~HOJ~OMOHHbie
t1aCTHI[bI MOryT COXpaI'fiTb CBOIO IIepBOHa~iaJlb~IyIO OCTBTO~IHyIO
HaAIarHIIz1GHHOCTb, 3aI3HCHT HaIS OT pa3MepOB 3THX tIaCTI3I);, TaIS II OT
aMIIJIIITyjJ,bl TeAinepaTypxblX xoJre6aHHii, xoTOpbIM oxH xoRBepra-
:IHCb. F.' CJIII 3TId `iaCTIIi[bI HO Oilexb MaJIbI, TO HX OCTBTOtIHa1I HBMaPHN-
iieHHOCTb yCTOI3tIxBa BO Bp0MO13YI IIO OTHOIIIi`HIIIO IC TeMIIepaTypliblAl
IfOJIe6aHIIfiM xOpHj(I~a 100? C - MaHCHA1aJIbHOI3 aMIIJixTyAe B03-
MOiIiHbIX HOJI('OaHIIII TOMIIepaTypbI 3eMH0I3 IIOBepXHOCTId. HeeJreA1
6bIJrH IIpollaseReHbi cooTBeTC1'ByIOIgLre pac~leTbI, xoTOpble IIoxasaalil,
PTO BpeMS1 peJraxcauIIx Taxxx *IacTIIr~, T. e. BpeMx, s Teuexrle xoTO-
poro oc1'aTOUxasi IIaAlarxllileHxocTbyA1eHbIIlaeTCSi B 2,72 pasa, Bo
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
BcHKOM cJly*Fae IIpesocxoutlT xpll aTxx ycJloBrlxx HecxoJlbxo Tblex~
~zeT [HeeJtb, 1953].
TaxrlM o6paaoal corJlacxo TeopIIH HeeJIH, paaMep MarxgTxo-
cTa6HJlbxblx t1acTHq orpaHH~ICH cllepxy IIoxBJIexIIeM RoMexxblx rpa-
HHLj B ~IacTxuc, a CHIIay, IIO-BHJ(HMOMy, rJIaBHbIM OSpaaOM, paaMar-
xH~IHBaIOIi;I~nl ac~c~exTOM TeMIIepaTypxblx xoJle6axIIH. Bepxxl3H IIpe-
,~eJI paanlepoB cTa6xalbxblx uacTHu cocTaBJIxeT oxoJlo 0,000002 c.n~
[LI. KYITTeJIb, 1951], a xHSxxIIH aaBHCIIT oT aMnJIHTyRbt TeMIIepa'ryp-
HbIx xOJIC6aHHIi, IIOHH}xaHCb C yMCHbIIIeHIIeM 3TOH aMIIJIIITyJ~bI.
OTMCTHM, LITO CYTO~IHble xOJIe6aHgx TOMIIepaTypbI yxce Ha rJry'CI3HC
IIopxAxa xoJlyMe'rpa oT IIosepxllocTII xopoRbl xe IIpesblIIlaloT 2-3? C,
a xa r.ryoHHe oxoJlo ale'rpa IIpaxTll~ecxH IIx yxce xeT. I'oRoBble xoale-
6aHHH TCMHCpaTypbI HpOHHxax)T OGbIiIHO Ha PJIy6HHbI IIOpSIRxa 13 M,
lI0 yxce xa rJIy6Hxc 4-5 ~tti, oHK, xax IIpaBHJIO, xe xpeBblIIIaIOT 2? C
[ II. H. TBepcxoK, 1939] .
PBCCMOTp1IM TCIIepb BO3M0?xHOCTb MarHI3THOH CTa~HJIbHOCTH bZHO-
r0~'~OMCHHbIX xOMIIOHOHTOB OCa~[OTIHOI3 IIOpOJ~bI. $bIBIe MbI yxaabIBaJlri,
TIT() HCCTaGHJIbHOCTb OCTaTOLIHOH HaMaPHH~IeHHOCTx I~eppOMaPHCTH-
}i0B CBHaaHa C BO3MO3IfHOCTbIO JICr1iOrO pOCTa OJjHYIX AOMCHOB 3a CTIOT
~pyrxx. EcJl>-I cMeH~exHe rpaxHl~ ~oMexoB 6yReT IIoueMy-JIH6o xeBOa-
D101IfHbIM IIJIH C13JIbHO 3aTpy,I~HCHO, TO xa7xj(bIH JJ;ObICH oxaxceTCa xax
ObI I33OJIHpOBaHHbIM, IT TCJIO ~Oyj~eT BCCTI3 COCfI IIOJ~OOHO arperaTy OZ[HO-
JJ;OMCHHbIX iiaCTHIj, OTMeTHht Tps BCCbMa Ba5IC11bIx CJIyLIaTI, xorAa aTo
MOHCe'P 6bITb ~OCTIirHYTO.
1. ECJIx (~L'ppOMarHCTllli xOJIyi1HJI CBOIO OCTaTOiiliyIO lIaMaPHYItIClI-
HOCTb IIpH OCTbIBaHIIH B 11IarHHTHODI IIOJIC C BbICOxHX TOMIIepaTyp,
lIe MCHbIiIHX CPO TOiIx1I KIOpII, TO OpHCHTaI;HH J~OMCHOB HpO133OI3j;eT
y1lie IIpK TP,MHCpaTypaX,OJIH3xIIX It TOLIxe I{IOpH, IiOPJ~a BHYTpeHHHe
HaIIpII}ISeHHfI eII~C lIe yCTaHOBI3JIIICb. B IIpOI~eCCO CHYISxeHHA TCMIIepa-
Typbl IIOHBJIIIIOTCH BHyTpeHHIIe HdIIpFI}ICCHHFI, 3axpeIIJifiIOII~IIe B03-
11Hx1uylo RoNIeHHyIO cTPYKTYPY x IIpexxTCTByIOIgr~e ee paapymexlllo.
CMeII[CHIIe rpaHHl~ J~OMCHOB rCyJ~eT CIIJIbHO 3aTpyj~HCHO, 06yCJIOBJIII-
BaH 6OJIbIIIyIO CTafJxJIbHOCTb IIOT[yLIeHHOH TCpMOOCTaTOiIHOH HaMarHII-
iICHHOCTH IIO CpaBHCHIIIO C 1I3OTCpMI~LIeCIiOH [1'. H. ITeTposa, 1956].
2. ECJIII c~epponlarxeTHx cocTOIIT Ha n1CJIb=IaKHIHx xpr~eTaJIJIIIxos
paaJlll~lxblx c~eppoMarxIITHblx MHxepaJloB, To IIepexoR rpaHIIr; RoMe-
HOB ~IIpH HX CMeII~CHHII~ TICpe3 PpaHHI~bI nlCxcRy xpHCTaJIJIaMH paaHblX
MHHepaJIOB 6yAeT, IIO-BHj(xMOMy, xpaxTHTICCICH I38BO3MOixHbIM 6Jlaro-
ISapsl ac~c~ex'raM, cBxaaHxblM c pasJIlluHeM 1CpI1cTaJIJIHilecl;Ilx peHleTOx
aTl~x M1IlIepaJlos. ECJIH paaMep xpIICTaJiJIHxoB 6yReT cpallxHM c paa-
MepoM ~oMexoB, IIpoueccbl cnle~exHSI, xo-B1ITr[IIbIODIy, oxaxcyTCH
HCBO3M0]xHbIMH.
3. HaJII3iIYIC B (~eppOMaPHCTHKe MHOPO'3flCJICHHbIX McJIxHX IIOp
HJIH xse HCMaPHHTHbIX BxJIIOzICHHH TaxHSe J~OJI1IfH0 CHJIbHO 3aTpyR-
HIITb IIpOI1;eCCbI CMCx;CHHfi rpaHHl; ~(OMOHOB. TO 51CC CaMOC IIpOPICXOJ~I3T,
CCJIII (~eppOMarHI'TTHble xOMIIOHCHTbI BCH(eCTBa IIpgCYTCTByIOT B HCM
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B sxRe ToxxIIX H.nexox, Tonrr;xxa KoTOpblx xe IIpesocxougT atHxeilxblX
paaMepoB RoMexa - YIJIII aKe B Bx~e uacTgu, IIo paaMepy xoTx x 6onb-
Bixx, ueM RoMexbl, xo o6naAalon~gx 6OJIbIIIOA yRe~Ibxoi~ IIollepx-
HOCTbIO.
Ilepe~IReM x pea~IbxoMy c~Iyxalo ocaRoxxblx IIopoR. Bblme 6bino
xOKa3aH0, TITO TOJibKO ABe rpyIIIIbi (~leppOMarHIITHbIX KOMIIOHOHTOB
OCaj(OTiHbIx IIOpOJ~ MOryT O6yCJIOBHTb eCTOCTBOHHyIO OCTaTO*IHyK)
HaMarHI3ileHHOCTb IIOpOJ~bI, COBIIaJ~alOx;yIO IIO xaxpaB~Iexxlo c IIO.a-
HbIM BOKTOpOM 3eMHOPO MarHxTHOI'O IIOJIH 3IIOXII O6pa3OB8HIISi OCa~(Ka.
KOMIIOHOHTbi xepsoI3 rpyIIIIbI - pyRHble 3epHa MarHeTYITa x erO
pa3HOBIIJ~xOCTeI3 B COCTaBe IIOC~IaHO-aJIOBpgTOBOI3 c~paHr~gII (6O7IbuIe
0,01 .AU.AL) - OileBIIRHO, gMeIOT HOKOTOpbie IIIaHCbI COXpaIIxTb xepso-
HaLIaJIbHyIO OCTaTOiIxyIO HaMarHIIileHHOCTb TOJIbKO B TOM CJIyiIae,
eCJIx 3Ta HaMarHxileHHOCTb - TepMOOCTaTOTiHaFI, gHII xce ecnH pyA-
Hble sepaa IIMeIOT cTloxcHbIg cocTaB. ]),~Ix KOMIIOHOHTOB BTOpOII rpyx-
IIbI - Toxxopaccexxxoro reMaTgTa, rgRporeMaTIITa, MarreMIITa x
MarHeTIITa B cocTase r.aIIxgcTO~I c~paKi;gg (MeHbIIIe 0,01 ..roc) -
KpOMe TOPO IIOfiBJIFIIOTCSi J(OIIOJIHIITeJIbHble, II IIpgTOM, J;OBOJIbHO
xIxpOHIIe BO3M0?IfHOCTg COXpaHOHIIR IIepBOHa*IaJIbHOII OCTaTOLIHOH
xaMarHxileHHOCTII, CBSi3aHHble C MaJIbIMII pa3MepaMg ~IaCTgi[. ~P,I3-
CTBHTeJIbHO MHOPIIe LIaCTIII[bI 3TOg rpyIIIIbI CyRyT IIO paaMepaM cpaB-
xxMbl c RoMexaMII H.aH xce Mexb>IIe IIx. CpasxxTe~Ibxo xce 6onbIIrxe
xacTHr;bI, IIo-BgRgMOMy, IIo*ITH BcerRa IIo cBOeMy czpoeIIglo 6yAyT
cooTBeTCTBOSaTb c~Iy~IaxM, IIepexgc~IexxblM Bbllue IIoR py6pgxol~ 3:
raaBHbIH Mxxepan BTOpoI~ rpyIIIIbl - reMaTgT - o6bizlxo IIpxcyT-
cTByeT B ocaRo~xblx IIopoRax B sxAe ToxxgX II~Iexox, HexpaBgnbxblx
tiaCTIIi~ C 6onblIIOx yAe~Ibxol~ IIOBepxHOCTbIO, BOCbMa HOOJ~HOpOA-
HbIX CKOIIJIeHIIII g IIp.
I~ITaK, B CaMOM O~x;eM c.ny*~ae, eCTOCTBOHHaSI OCTaTOilxaSi Ha-
MaPHIIileIIHOCTb OCaROiIHOI3 IIOpOJ~bI, He IIoRBepraBxIel~cx cyII;ecTBex-
xblM BTOpx~IHbIM g3MOH8HgFIM, ~[OJIHfHa COCTOfITb i33 AByX *iaCTeI3,
IlepBas3 ~IaCTb - CTa~IIJIbIIaSI (O6O3xa*IIIM ee In) - AOJISKHa gMBTb
KO~HOJ~OMOHIIyIO> (B IIIIIpOKOM CMbICJIe) IIHg ;Ke TepMOOCTaTOLIIIyIo
IIpIIpORy x COBIIaJ~aTb IIO xaxpaB,aeHIIlo C BeKTOpOM MarHgTHOPO IIOJIH
3IIOXI3 O6pa3OBaHxSI OCaI~Ka (eCJIg He ytIIITbIBaTb HOKOTOpbIX IICKil-
}IieHI3x, CBfI3aHHbIX C IIOBeJ~eHgeM Heg3OM0TpxtleCKgX tIaCTIII~ IIpII
OGpa3OBaxgg H yIIJIOTxeHgH ocaAxa). ,i~pyrax xacTb ecTecTBexaol~
ocTaTOxxol~ xaMarxxuexaocTg - HecTa6g~Ibaax (In) - BoaxgxaeT
Bc~IeAcTBIIe xBneHgsl MarxgTxoro Tpexaxca IIpg coRei~cTBgII TeMIIepa-
Typxblx xone6axr~I~ g IIepeMexxblx Mexaxguecxgx xaxpslxcexIIg.
~Ta xacTb In Ao~I~Kxa cpasxr~Te~Ibao 6blcTpo c~IeAoBaTb as gaMexe-
HgflMg MarxIITxoro IIo~ISi i~, cneRoBaTe~Ibxo, coBIIaRaTb IIo xaxpa-
BJIeHflIO C COBpeMeIIHbIM 3eMHbIM MBrHIITHbIDI HOnCM
I? = I? -I-- I~
(3)
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
In = In -~- ~H, (4)
l;~e H - Be1,TUp rospeMelrHOro 3eMxoro ManlHTxoro HoJlsi B paiioxe
aa.~eraHHx HopoAbl,
5 - xo.lc~c~HuHexT, ~o Hel:oropoii cTenexLl axaJlarl3~xblH MarxHT-
HOIi BOCHpLIHM~IHBOCT73 H 3aBHCFIHZHLI OT BpeMCHI3.
BeJiHxliHa I? Taxaxe HeJiHeTCH (~yHhI~HeFi Bpenlexx t, y61~Batz
c Bo3pacTaxHelvl t.
MbI BgRHrI, uTO aHpHOpHOe paccivLOTpexLle Bo3MO;1HOro IIoIIeRe-
HHH i~IarHLI1'HbIX ICOMIIOHCHTOB OCaJ~O~IHbIX IIOpOA B 3eMHOM 9~SarHFITxO11i
HOJIC B TeileliHe ~JIIIHIIbIX OTpC3KOH BpCMOHLI HC HpxBeJIO li O~H03Hai1-
IIOMy peHICHLIIO Boxpoca - c ~1CM ?IBC CBH3aHa CTa6L1JIbHaH 'iaCTb
CCTCCTBCHIIOII OCTaTOiIHOI3 HablarHHtICILHOCTH OCaJ~OLIHbIX IIOpOJ~. BCC
;I:e Nloxcxo cAeJiaTb BbIBOR, uTO IcoMHOxeIITbI BTOpoi~ rpyHHbl -
Toxxopaccexxxbl~ reiviaTHT, rlluporeMaT~T, MarreMklT H nlarxeTL1T
L1MeioT axa~IHTeJIbuo o'oJIbHIC HlaHCOB coxpaHHTb HepBOxa~iaJlbxoc
xaxpaBJlexHe ocTaTO=ixoH xaMarHHUexxocTH, ~ienl oTxocHTeJlbxo 6oJiee
KpyHHbIC pyrSlibie 3epHa, a 3Ha'1117', CTa6HJIbHaH l1aCTb eCTCCTBCHHOH
OCTaTOTIHOH liaDIBrHHiICHHOCTII B 6OJibIIIHHCTBe CJly~laeB, IIO-BxJ~7dMOMy,
CBH3alIa HDICHILO C ICOMHOHCHTaMPi BTOpOI3 rpyI[HbI. ~3 ICOMHOHCHTOB
BTOpoi~ rpyHrrbl rJraBHylo poJrb, BepoHTHO, HrpaeT Toxxopacceax-
HbII3 rCb1aTIIT OOJIOMOi111Or0 HpOHCXO1iCJ{eHHH. OTMeTYIM BCCbMa ]1bIC0-
xyio ltioapl~HTHBHyio cLlJry rcMaTHTa, uocTl~raioiuylo 7600 apcrra [Hra-
KOJIbC, 1955], a 3T0 eIl[G pa3 rOBOpLI7' O BbICOiCOH MBrHHTHOI3 CTa6xJIb-
HOCTLI CBH3aIlIlOII C HHbI OCTBTOiLHOH HaMarHHTLCIIHOCTH.
UOpaTLIDICH IC TCM HCMHOi'OiIHCJICHxbIM OIIbITHbI11I J~aHllbll4i 0 CBOI3-
C,'CBaX CCTE,CT]IeH1LOI3 OCTaTOiIHOH HaMarHHileHHOCTII OCaJJ;OtiHbIx BOpO,T~,
1tiOTOpbie LIDICIOTCH B HdCTOHIi~ee BpeMH.
CpeRH H3yilexxblx ocaAo~ixbix Hopo;~ 6bIJ1I3 Ha>3uexbl, HapHRy
c HopoRaMLi Bbicoxol3 bIar11LITIIOi3 cTa6HJibxocTH, coxpaxxBxIHM1I
HE'pllollailaJibllyIO ocraTO=IHylo HaMarxLl=iexHecTb, Tax;lce H HopoAbl,
~lacTll~ixo xJIH HoJlxocTblo MarHr3Txo xecTa6HJlbxbie. Bb1HBJIeHge Mar-
1[HT.HO CTa6HJIbHbIX IIOpOT~ IIpOH3BOJ~HJIOCb PJIaBHbIM O6pa3OM IIO CJIC-
,'jyIOH;13M HpLI3HaHaM: 1~ i)OJIbHIOIi yrOJi b1C?iCJ~y BCKTOpOM In g conpe-
bICIiHbIM DIBrH:HTHbIM HOJICM, ~~ HBIIpaBJICHI3C In OGpa3uOB I33 CMHTbIx
B CK.IIaj{Il'H CJIOEB TaKOBO, iITO HpH CICJIaj~OLC OHH ,I~aIOT
O];HHaHOBbIC HaHpaBJICHHH In. B HOIfOTOpbIX i'JI~L1af1X HpOII3B0~{HJIHCb
H JIa~OpaTOpllbIC HCIIbITaIILIH CTa~HJIbBOCTH.
IipaCHbIC TOH1CO3epHHCTbIC xeCtIaI3HKH, aJIE!BpOJIHTbi x MOpreJIH
TpxacoBOro Bo3pacTa, H3yiIaBIIIHecH B AHrJIHH I~pHpoM H Rpyri3Mlr
~ 1954] H I{JlerroNl H ,{pyrHMH [1954] couepxcaJlH uBa Bx,~a Marxi3Txblx
xoMnoxexT'oB - Becbnia ateJlsHe o6J1oMO~Ixble aepxa r~eMaTr3Ta x xpac-
L1bII3 rCbIaTHTOBbiI3 ueMeHT. yI3ytiexLle xaxpaBJlexxH ecTecTBexxoil
OCTaTOiIHOH 1[a1IaPHLITICIIILOCTH 8T14x IIOpOJ~ IIO}:i13aJI0, LITO CpCJ~g HI3x
xDIeIOTCH CTa~HJIbHb1e, ~IaCTHz1H0 HCCTa6>7JIbHb~(' II HOJIHOCTbIO HOCTa-
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6gJIbHble. I-IOpOJ{bI ~OBOJIbHO JI0rK0 IIOJ~MarHl3ilxBaJIHCb B HOCTOHHHOM
IIOJIe B 5-16 31JC7Yt. ITOCJIe BbIKJIIOileHIIH IIOJIII J1;OIIOJIHIITOJIbHafi Ha-
MarIIxileAHOCTb IIOCT0II0HH0 yMOHbIIIaJIaCb (II HCCKOJIbliO paa B Te~IC-
HIIe IIfMHOI'IiX iIaCOB). OAHaxo IIepeMeHHOe IIOJIe aMIIJIxTyJI0I3 J~a?KC
B 300 3pCrr1. He OKa3bIBaJIO BJIIIHHIIH Ha eCTOCTBeHHyIO OCTaTO'IHyIO
HaMarHII~IeHHOCTb. rIOJ~hIarHII~IeHHble xce 06pa3ll;br IIOj{ Tf(CHCTBHOM
3T01'O IIOJIII B03BpaIT~aJIII CBOe IIepBOHaLIaJIbHOe COCTOHxxe.
ITpx IIepeoTJloxcexIIII IIopoRbl B Jla6opaTOpxx B IIpxcyTCTBIIII
seMxoro ~IarxIITxoro IIoJix BoaxIIKJIa oc'raTOUHax xalviarxII*lexxocTb,
B Tpii paaa 6oJlbxlax, ueM xa6Jllo~aBIIIaxcx ecTecTBexHaH ocTaTOiIBaR
I~aMarxII~exxocTb.
I{pllp (1954] II I'paxaM [1955], Iisy~laBHIIIe IIopoRbl paaJlii~lxoro
1~BeTa xa IIpexMyiuecTBeHHO KpacxouBeTxblx TOJiII~, xe xaxiJlII xIIxa-
liOII CBfi3II MexcRy CTa6IIJIbIIOCTbIO II xaJIIIL1II0M xJIII OTCyTCTBHCM
l.pacxoii oxpacKII. ORxaxo c upyrol~ cTOpoxbl, cpeuII MHOrIIx IIayuex-
Iiblx x 11acTOxII~eMy Bpe~IexII ocaRo~xbix IIopoA IIopo~bl Bblcoxoil
~[arliir'1'IIOII CTaOIIJIbHOCTII BCTpeiIaJIIICb IIOLITII HCKJIIOiIIITeJIbHO CpI,'J~II
'reX, KoTOpbie cJlaraloT KpacxouBeTHbie ToJIH;rI. He 6blJio orixapy;xexo
eII~e xII oAxoi3 KpacxouBeTxoil ToJIII~II, rAe 6bI xc ~bI.?IO MarHIITxo
CTaOIIJIbHbIX IIOpO~{; uaII~e BCCPO OHII TaM COCTBBJIFIIOT ~00JIbIIIIIHCTBO.
TaKOBbI JJ;OKeh16pIIIICKxe TOxK03CpHIICTbie KpaCHbIC IIeC~IaxIIKII IIIOT-
JIaIIJjIIII [Paxxopx, 1955, }~oxer16pIIi~cKIIe KpacHbie IIecxaxxxll
II aJIeBpoJIIITbI BOJlblxoro I#axboxa II pai3oxa Bepxxero osepa (CIIIA),
xayxaBiHlaecx r,IxorIIMII aBTOpaMII [ J~IO6ya, 1955; uoyJl, 1955; PaH-
Kopx, 1955, 1956], cIIJIypIIHCxxe IIecuaxxxx AHHaJIaueH [I'paxa~I,
1949], IIepMCKIIe II McJloBbie KpacxouBeTbi IIITaTOS IfoJlopaRo, ApII-
aoxa H IOTa [Paxxopx, 1956; I'paxahl, 1955], yxoMxxaBIIlIIecsl y;Ke
TpxacoBbie aalespoJlIITbI H MepreJlII Ioro-aaxaAxoH AHPJIgII II T. ~~.
OcaAoilxbre IIopoRbl, xe BxoAHx;IIe B cocTaB KpacxouBeTxbIx ToJ111S,
xaxpoTHS, B 6oJIbIIIIIxcTBe cJly*Iaes oxaabIBalOTCx MarxllTxo HecTa-
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xIITxo iiecTa6IIJIbxbIMII [IfaBaII, 1951; Paxxopx, 1955]. I~Ia IIccJlef~o-
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oca~o~rxbix IIopo~ paaJIII~lHbix paKOxoB CILIAooJlee AByx TpeTeil
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paclcol~, oxasa.nHCb MarxxTIIO xecTa6IIJIbIIbIMII [ I~IcH rir (Ising),
943] .
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
1'aKIIM OOpa3OD1, OIIbITHble uaHlibIC O OCTOCTBeHHOH OCTaTOtIHOI3
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
TdxEM o6paaoM, Mo~xxo Hauet;Tbcx, ~ITO 6yAyx;ee paaBIITxe IIaneo-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
pe3yJIbTBTbI B 3TOII O6JIdCTII, IIOKa3bIB8L'T, jiTO 3TI3 TpyJ[HOCTH $e
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
? 1. Peo.I~ori~~ecici3e oo~exmhl >TCCneAoBaxu#
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
B IIepBbie xce RxFi IIOJIeBblx pa6oT fablJla BblpanoTaxa IIocJle,gol3a-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
6. Ilpgx.neHTb oTBaaIHBlHtteca HpH oopa6oTxe xycoLlxH B IIx
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
NTH ycnoBxR Blloxxe AocTaTOUxbI RJIR xatIIgx ue,ae~ H 6brnII BbI-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ilarceo.w?ztcumrceae ucene8oe?rcun a 3ana8xoCi Typx.ueKUU 81
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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HaIIpaBJIeH)3H I? - OIIpejleJIeHHbIX IIpOCd1O0B, TOileR pa3pesOB IIsy-
uaeMOI3 TOJIIIjII OCaI~KOB.
C. 3TOII I~eJIbIO, OpIIeIITIIpOBaHHble Iiy6IIISg, Halt yHa3bIBaJIOCb
BblBZe, BcerRa OT6IIpaJIgCb IIO ABa IIIIII HO Tpg H3 Iia~liAOx TOTiKII
paapesa. c~TII xy6Hx>3 Bblpesangcb O6bIilHO II3 O~(HOPO II TOPO xce
xycxa IIopoRbl - mzyc~a g Bo Bcxxorvz c~lyuae ae Ra~lee, uert B RByx
ivteTpax Rpyr oT Rpyra IIo IIpocTIIpaxIIlo c~lox.
MarIIIITHble cso>3cTSa, B Tolvl xIICne II HaupaBsleIIIIe ecTecTBeHHOi~
ocTaTO*IHOH IIa1~arIIII~leIIHOCTII TaliHx xy6IIxoB, B IIoRaB~ISIIOB~eM 6onb-
ulgIICTBe c~ly*lae oxasblBa~IHCb BecbMa 6JIH3KIIMII.
TaxIIM o6pasoM, MarHIITOiIZeTpIIUecxIIe AallHble, xapaxTepIISylo-
II;IIe oupeRe~leHIIble TouliII paspesoB, ~bIJIII ocxoBaxbI IIe ToJibxo IIa
~ByxpaTHblx Hs~zepexHxx Be.aIIxgH x II cocTaB~ISIloII;IIx In (IIa IIpaBOi~
II ~IesoA IIIIIIIax IIpII6opa) II IIoBTOpIIblx oIIpeRe~leHIIax sTIIx Be~III*IIIII
R.nx oRHOro H Toro alie xy6gxa, Ho II IIa IIoRo6IIblx xce IIsr~zepeHIISlx,
BblIIO~lHexxblx R~Ix RpyrIIx xy6IIxoB, BsxTblx B Tex xce Toxxax paapesa.
A,nx IIosbllLieHSx TOiIIIOCTII onpeAe~leHidsl HartpaB~leHHx I,,, ~To
IIz~ze~lo oco6eHHOe axaxeHIIe R~Ix BeJI13~lIIII, xaxoRRB;Hxcx Ha IIpeRe~e
TOLIHOCTII xsivzepeHIIl~, 6bI~l gCIIOJIb3OBaH csleRylolt;HH IIpIIeM. IIocne
TOPO, Bali J1JIH BCOX o6pasuoB, BssITbIX H3 OJ~HOII II TOII axe TOiIKH
paapesa, 6bIJIII onpeRe~leIIbi x II cocTaB~IxloII;IIe In IIo ocxi~z, aTg
o6pasubl cTaBII~IIICb IIonapxo Ha IIpasylo II ~IeBylo lullxbl IIpII6opa
oRHOSpei~teIIIIO. IIocsleRoBaTe~IbIIble IIs~zepeIIIIx Bo Bcex uBexaRi;aTII
IIo~loxteBIISlx (IIp13 Bblx~lloxeHHOM HamarIIx*IIIBaloII;ei~z IIo~le) IIossongnII
onpeRenIITb R~Ix IiaxcRoK IIapbl cyivzivtbl cocTasnxloB;Hx I.n IIo ocxm
x, y, z.
3Ha~eHIIa MarHIITHOH BocIIpIIIIi~z*IIIBOCTII, ecTecTBexxoi3 ocTazou-
IIoH IIaMarHIIUexxocTII, cx~loHeHr3sl II xax~lolleHIIU R~Ix To=lex paapesa
BbluIIC~Ix~IHCb IIo c~opMyslaiK:
_ 7
xcp m J Yk ~
k=1
m1 ~/ \L Xk)4+l L Yk~a-f-1 Ld Zk~2' (14)
n
k
3'k
D'=Arc to km 1 J = a.rc tg
xk
k=1
~( ~~ xa~~+(~ Yk~2
k=1 k=1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~.XeNta BbIitHCdIeHHSi Y, I,i In/1G, D H T BMOCTe c COOTBOTCTByIOH;Hh1
HplrrtepoM, Raxa r; HpHstoxc. 3.
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u ancmoeepKOCrnta itx pea~r~bmamoe
TOiiHOCTb HaNZepeHHSt Be.aHUHHbI H HatzpaB.aeHt~x In, a Taxatce
axa~leHHH x Ha acTaTt-tuecxont NtarHxTOMeTpe ~zoSxHO oueHr~Tb Ho Be~It~-
ullxe cpe,~HeK tcsaRpaTHUttoK HorpeutxocTx B ollpeRe.aeHHH HpHpa-
H[eHH13 MarHHTHOro Hoax, perHCTpHpyeMbtx MarHHTONteTpoM HpH BHe-
ceHr3H H HoBOpoTax o6paaua. ,~1ISI MarHHTOMeTpa I~aBro,noscxox
oHbITHO-McTORHUecxoH cTaHuHH aTa HorpeutHOCTb, BbluHC.aexxax Ho
MaTepHaalaM HoBTOpxbtx HaMepeHHK ecTecTBettxoH ocTaTOUxoI~ Ha-
MarHHUeHHOCTH, cocTas,aHeT 0,04 (HpH dH c0,5y). ~J,JIH o6paar;oB
oo'T,eNto~t B 91 c.~w3 HpH paccTOUHHH oT HHaxHero MarHHTa cHCTeMbt
r = 8 c.,u, aTO HoatrozH.ao Ha xaxcRoit IuHHe HpH6opa HaMepxTb co-
cTaB,nxtotl;He In Ho ocHM c HorpetHHOCTbto ~ 1,0 10_s LGSM.
ToutlocTb ortpeucaleHttx Be.aHUHH x H I,t R.nx HHuHBHuya.abxoro
o6paaga (HpH oRHOtcpaTHOM laantepeHHK Ha o6eHx tHHHax HpH6opa)
xapaxTepHayeTCSI Be~It~uHHaMH cpeRHHx xBaRpaTHbtx HorpetttxocTeK,
paBHbt~tH 2,5 10_6 CGSM H 1,6 10-6 CGSM cooTBeTCTBettxo. BTIz
HorpetHHOCTH 6bl.ar~ BbtuHC.aeHbl Ho MaTepHa~IaM Bcex HoBTOpHbtx
Hantepelllt~t x H In. Tatcax TouxocTb B ottpeRe.aeHHK cxaatstpxbtx
MarHHTHbIX XapaKTepHCTHti Hpej[cTaBJlxeTCx J1;JIx HaIIiLtX L~eJIeyl BHOJIHe
~ocTaTOUxoH.
LITO .xe lcacaeTCx Hattpal3neHHx ecTecTBeHHOI~ ocTaTOUttoH ttaMa-
rHHUeHHOCTH, To oueBH~HO, uTO TouttopTb ero oltpeRe.neHHx 6yReT
B rpontaRHOK cTettexH aaBHCeTb oT BeJIHUHHbI Tn. ReHCTBHTe~IbHO,
ec.aH cocTaB.axtolgHe In Ho ocstht cTaxyT cpasHHMbt c HorpelHHOCTbto
B Hx HantepeHHH, To otlpe~e~teHHC HattpaB,~exHSl In Ho ;~axxblM o~~HOro
HaMepeHHx 6yReT HettoaMO.tcHbtnt. B xaltteNt c~lyuae, HpH d In =
= i 1,0 10-s CGSM, aTa Hpe;Se.~bHax BenHUHHa In 6y~{eT Hopxulta
2 - 3 ? 10_6 LGSM.
OgeHtca TouHOCTH oHpeuestexHH HaIIpaBsteHHU ecTecTBeHHOH ocTa-
ToultoK HaMarHHUeHHOCTH HpoHaBORH~Iacb Ho McTO~y ~Htuepa
(Fisher) [1953]. IIo ~HUtepy, saxoay csyua~iHbtx oHIH6ox HpH oupe-
Re.neHttH HattpaB.aeHHa tcatcoro-.aH6o tietcTOpa cooTBe~rcTByeT pacnpe-
Re.aeEllte Bltua C ? Pke, rAe K - Mepa TouHOCTH, a 8 - yro.a Me~tcAy Ha-
IIpaB~ICHHOM BetCTOpa, HaI%IJ(OHHbIM HpH H3MCpeHHH H HCTHHHbIM ero
HartpaB,iteHHeM.
~yCTb HnzeeTCx N oapeAe~IeHHK HalzpaB,iteHl3st BexTOpa H onpe-
Re~Ietlo ero cpeRHee HaHpaB,aett~re HyTeM reoNteTpHUecxoro c~IOxceHHs
HOpAtaJIH3OBaHHbIX (HpHB0J~e11HbIX H eJ~I3HHI[O) BOKTOpOB, HOJlyuetT-
Hbtx B peay~IbTaTe HaMepeHHK, HpHUent R reoNteTpttuecxax cyMMa
sTHx BexTOpoB. TorRa, talc Hotcaaa.a ~Htttep, BepoxTHOCTb p Toro,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
gTO yroal 8 xpesoexoRgT Helcoropyio BenHUxxy a MoxceT 6bITb BbIpaxcexa
~calc
_ ( N-R N-t
P - `N-Rcosa) '
~OTCIO~a Ho?Iy~aeM c~opMy~Iy RAH onpeAenexHS a
t
1-Cosa=NRR(I P1rv-t-1l (15)
TaIfHM oopaaol~, 2a aTO - t;eHTpa,nbHblK yro~I Te.necxoro yr.aa,
BxyTpH xoTOporo .aexcxT xcTxxxoe xallpaB~IexHe SaMepAeMOro Bex-
TOpa C BepofITHOCTbIO 1 - p. ~TOMy TOJIeCHOMy yr.ay Ha eJ~xHx=IHOH
~cc~epe, orlxcaxxoK Boxpyr Haua~Ia BexTOpa, cooTBeTCTByeT xpyr
paAHyca a, xaasaxxblK ~xrHepoM ItpyroM Aosepxx.
~opMy~Ia (15) HpHroAxa H R~Ix or~exxx rlorpelHxocTH B oxpeRe~Ie-
HBx cpeRHero HanpaB~IexHa R~ISI BexTOpoB pas.rrxulloH R.axHbl: xopMa~Ix-
aauHx HpHRaeT BceM BexTOpaM pasxblH Bec. B ToM xce c.ayxae, ItorRa
gMeloTCSI xaMepexr~sl oRHOro H Toro xce BexTOpa, xopMa~IHaauglo
MOHixO H HC HpOI33BOJ~IITb.
TaI:, ec.aH xMeeTCR m xaMepeHH~z BexTOpa In, H Ink - axa=IexHt[
btoRynsl, Ho.ayuexHble B peay~IbTaTe HaMepexHK, a S - Mo~y~~Ib reo-
rzeTpH~ecxoH cyMMbl cooTBeTCTByIOB;xx BexTOpoB, To
m
(In)It-s 1
m-1
k-t S ~ ~~ ~1~, (16)
IIpII ouexxe TouHOCTS olzpeRe~IexHx HaxpaB,aexHH BetcTOpa
~CTOCTBC$IIOI3 OCTaTOgHOIi HaMarHx=IeHHOCTx ~bIJIH xCHOJIb30BaHbI
.~aHHble, OTHOCFIH;IIBCFI IC TaIfHM TOiIKaM pa3pe3a, J~JIfI KOTOpbIX =II3CJI0
I33MepeHHx HaIIpaBJIexxSI In ~bIJIO xe Mexee 8. TaxxX TO=IOIC Olfa3aJIOCb
94. 3HaxeHxx cocTaB~IaIOH;Hx In xo ocxM, Honyuexxbte A.nx xaxcRoro
o6pasua, BaxTOro B paccMaTpxsaem[oK To~xe paspeaa, csoRH~It~cb
B Ta6dIxl;bI (HpxMepbI CM. CTp. 89). IIO 3THM AaxxblNT BbI=IxCJIFIJIxCb
(In)k - S, a aaTeM, Ho I~opnzy~Ie (16) paRllycbl xpyros RosepHx a.
a: = t
IIpr~ BblxHC.neHxx a BepoxTxocTb p HpHxHManacb paBxol~ I/3 (B sTOM
c~Iyuae a HMeeT cMblc~I cpeRHel~ xBaRpaTg~HOH HorpexlHOCTH).
Be.nHxxxbl a xpeRcTaB~IxIOT co6oH, c~IeAosaTe.nbxo, cpeRHxe
xBaRpaTHxHble xorpelHHOCTx B oxpeAe~IexxH cpeAxero HaIIpaB,aexHx
Rxsl Touex paspesa c uxc~toM oxpeRe.nexxH, He MexblxxM 8. 06bIUHo
xce ~mc.ao onpeResexr3l~ cocTaB~ISI.ao 6: Ho RBa oxpeRe~Iexl~x (xa
npalloH H .neBOH HIHHe xpH6opa) R~Ia xaxcRoro o6paai;a, Roxo~IHexxoMy,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
s s rrcaed Ir
IIp$ xaJlfdLIIiII TOJIbxO ~ByX OGpa3r;OB, J[ByMSI xaMepexldablx CyMMbI
BexTOpoB. Bblxxc~Iexxe axe a xpx m < 8 xe 6yReT xpasoMepxblar
xa-aa ~zaxoro xxc.aa xaMepexxla.
R.nR Toro, uTO6bI or;exHTb xorpexzxocTb B oxpeRexexgg xaxpaB~Ie-
xxx I? B To~Ixax paspeaa c eHCxoM xaMepexxl~, MexbxlgM 8, 6bina
xa~IRexa aaBxcxMOCTb ~zeaxAy a x Be.al~xxxola Ia. 3xaxexHa a, xo.ay-
~Iexxble Rxx Toxex paapesa c m ~ 8, 6bIJIII xepecxgTaxbl Aalxr~ m = 6
xyTe~z xoRcTaxoBxx m = 6 B xoxaaaTexb cTexexg xpx 1/p. JaBACx-
MOCTb ae oT In xaxoRxxacb rpac~x*Iecxx. Oxa IlpeRcTaBnexa xa
pgc. 10.
a,
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aHx I? Rna acTaTxgecxoro MarxnTOMeTpa Kasronoacxol~ onblTao-McTOpa*Iecxoi~
reo~gasgecxo~i cTan~xg.
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aTOro BexTOpa oxpeRe.axeTCx c ouexb Bblcoxol~ TouxocTblo (a = 2 -5?)..
IIpg axa~exxxx In oT 3 ? 10-s uo 5.10_6 CGSM TOtI$OCTb oxpeRe-
.aexgx xaxpaB,aexxx In ex;e Bxo.nxe yRoB,ueTBOpxTexbxa (a = 6-10?)
a xxaxe 3 10-6 oxlH6xa 6blcTpo BoapacTaeT x xpx I? < 1 10-~
LGSM oxpeRe.al~Tb xaxpaB.nexxe ecTecTBexxol~ oczaTOxxoH xa~aarxx-
xexxocTx xo RaxxblM 6 r~aMepexgi~ npaxTx*Iecxs xeaoaMOaxxo.
Cxasaxxoe x.nnlocTpr~pyeTCx xpx~epaMB, xpgBeRexxbiMx,
B Ta6.n. 15.
OT6op MarxlaTOMeTpx~Iecxxx RaxxblX R~ xocxeRyiox;ero axanssa.
xaxpaB~IexIal~ ecTecTBexxol~ ocTaTOxxoi~ xaMarxx*IexxocTg xpoBSSO-
Ag~ICx xo c,aeRylo~e~zy xpxxuxxy. 3ac.ayxcxBaiox;g~Ig RoBepgA.
ceBTa~II~cb Bce Raxxble, A~Ix xoTOpblx a .~ 10?. ,I~alx To~Iex paapeaos.
c *IBC~IOM xs~zepexxi~, xe ~zexblxxM 8, oT6op Be.acx xyxeM xexo-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ilaneo,uaarcumreaee uccraeaoearcuR a 3ana8xou Typr~.nrehuu 89
Tadautya 15
IIpxnlepbl noBTOpablx onpeReneaxl~ aanpaBnexlla In II Bx norpemaocTb s
3aBI3CBMOCTB OT BCJIB4BAbI 1?n
In= 22,9. 10_g CGSM
Ns o6paaga
Inx
Ind
I Inz
I In
I D'
I D
I J
2333
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22
9
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,
20,5
217
200
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2334
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25,2
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22,8
218
201
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2335
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22,7
32,2
216
199
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2336
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24,2
'
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218
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C y M M a -119,2 I -91,3 I -105,4 184,0
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217
200 I
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In=4,0 10-g CGSM
a =2,1?
as = 2>5?
a - 4,8?
ae. = 6,6 ?
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
In=1,7 10'-6 CGSM
~~ oopaa[ta ~ !nx ~
Iny
Inz ~
In ~
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177
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55
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161
13
0,9
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53
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C p e n fi e c 1,7
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uo=15.7?
cpcRcTBexxoro Bbr~IHC~IeHHx a. I~Ia Tex ,I~e Touex, A~tx xoTOpblx =Itacno
HaMepeHIlil xe rSocTHra.ao 8,ObIJIH oTO6paHbl aIHIHb Te, rRe
In ~ 3 10_6 LGSM H I;poMe Toro, CXOJ~HMOCTb RaHHbIx 6bIJIa
y;{oB~eTBOpHTe~bHOK.
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BeZI~YHIIbI H HaHpaBJICHHSI In Ha HpH'OOpe KaBPOJIOBCKOI3 OHbITHO-
b[eTOj~I1iI0CIiOH CTaHI~HH 6bIrI0 yCTBHOBJIeHO HyTeM KOHTpOJIbHbIX
H3MepeHHii 43 OpHeHTHpOBaIIHbIX 06pa3I~OBx B reOMaPHIITHOi3 .ita6o-
paTOpHII Hay=IHO-HCC~IeRoIIaTe.~bcxoro c~HaHUecxoro HHCTHTyTa JIeHSH-
rpa~choro yxHBepcHTeTa. 3Recb HsMepeHHa Hpol3ssoRH.aiacb aBTOpoM
Talcalce Ha acTaTHilecxoM MarHHTOMeTpe, Ho aaauHTe.abllo 6o.ab~e~I
~IyBCTBHTeJIb$ocTH. Ero oclloBxbze xapalcTepl~cTHItH: M = 12 CGSM,
L = 25 c.~, r = 4 c.I~., ~ = 0,021y .,w.nti Hlha.abl (o6oaxaxeHl~H cM. Bblule).
fiax;AblK o6paaeu 6bIaI >3aMepell He Mellee ~IeTblpex paa. TOLIHOCTb
orlpeRe~IeHi~x BeJIH~II~xbI a HanpaB.aeHHx I,.~ aRecb xapaxTeprrayeTCx
allaueHHxMH dIn = 0,2 7.0-s CGSM II app = 4? - Rix Be.ai~~sH,
6o.~bHlxx 0,5 10_6 CGSM. CHCTenIaTH~IecxHx oTx~IOxeHr~H B Be~IH-
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ReTeHIIH xa HpH6ope I~asraaoBClcoK cTaxuHg, o6Hapy>xello He 6bIdlo.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
4. McTOJ~HI~a aHaalH3a IIaJIEOMarHHTHbIX Z[aHHbIX
IIOCJIe aHadlII3a MaPHIITOMOTpIILIeCICIIX J~aHHbIX C TOLIICII 3peHIISi CTe-
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orlpeRealello c HorpeHlHOCTbIO B 2-10? R~Ix 950 Touex.
PacrlpeRe~IeHIIe sTIIx Toxex Ho paapeaaM, yuIITblBaa H xoRbI Ho
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6
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395
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58
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BepxirxK Mear
36
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aeohoMa)
92
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B BxAe rpac~IIxoB HsMeIIeHIIx x, lam, D H T Ho paspeaaM, Hpoc~IIalel~,
xpyroBblx ~IIarpaMn[ II rIICTOrpaMM pacupeRe~IeHIISI nlarHHTHbIx
CBOIICTB.
Peayall,TaTbI MarHIITOMeTpx~IecxIIx IIaMepeHxi~ 6bl.nr3 IIao6paaxeHbl
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ppac~xxx xaMexexHx x, I,,, D x J xo paspeaaM xoaBO.nx~oT cpaB-
xgBaTb gaMexexxx aTxx xapaMeTpoB Apyr c upyroM x coxocTaB.naT~.
gx c xgTOxorHei~, a Taxxce xoxyuxTb xar,nxAxoe npeRcTaBnexxe o xa-
paxTepe Hx gsMexexHx xo BepTxxaxH - c BospacxoM. IIpgMep Taxoro
rpac~gxa xpgBeRex xa cTp. 166-167 (pHC. 42).
Pgcyxxg 45 x 46 (cTp. 169) xpeRcTaBxxioT co6o~ coIIOCTasnexxe
xpgBbix gsMexexxx cxxoxeHKA II xax.noxexgx xo geTbrpeM paapeaaM
xpacxouBeTxoH cBxTbr xp. LIoxpax. 8Tx xpxBbze 6bixH cocTaBnexbz
c~eRyiou;gM xyTeM. Ha cBORxoM paspese xo xaaxRoMy xpoc~x.nio (csoA-
HoM, xoTOMy xTO xo xpoc~xxxM III-III H IV-IV paspea xo pasxbrM
TexTOxx~ecxHM 6.noxaM xoBTOpRa~cx xeoRxoxpaTxo) Rxx xaxsRoro
MOCTa B3RTIdfI OrOpaal~OB Ha COOTBOTCTByIOII~eM ypOBHe 6bIJI0 OTJi0}xeHO
sxaxexIIe cxnoxexHH D. 3aTeM xo xaxcRoMy paapesy RxR HxTep-
BanoB B 10 .~s 6bi.nx Bbz~IICaexbi cpeRxxe sxaxexxA D. ~Tx cpeAxxe
sxaxexxx 6bi.ag crxaxcexbt xo c~opMy.ne
4 '
r,qe Di _ 1, Di, Di+1 - axaxexxA cpeAHgx BenHYmx CxJIOHexgA RJIfI
TpeX HOCJIeJ~OBaTedlbHbIX LIHTepBaJIOB,
Di - yCpeRHeHHOe, CrdlaxceHHOe 3HaileHHe CKJIOxeHHA
Rxx cpeRxero xHTepBana.
IIo ToxxaM Di 6btxx xocTpoexbi xpgBbie cxxoxexHS. YcpeRxex-
xble sxa*~eHI3H Haxnoxexxx BbIiIgcJlfiJIgeb TOM xce CIIOCO6OM~ cooTBeT-
cTByion;He xpgBbte J Toxce 6bt.ax xocTpoeHbi.
IIpg xocTpoexgx xpgBbix D x J xpraxgMa~HCb Bo BagMaxge Toxbxa
3HaLIgMble AaHHbie. 3xaLIgMbIMII J~aHHbIMg CiiTdTaJIIICb Te, KOTOpble
OTHOCHTCfi x O6paal~aM, O xOTOpbIX C 6oxbxzox J;OTIeH BepOHT$OCT73
MOH{HO 6bIJI0 CxaaaTb, TiTO HaIIpaBJIexge IIX eCT8CTB0HHOi3 OCTaTOiixOli
HBMarHI3tIexxOCTII eCTb HaxpaB.aeHIIe BexTOpa 3eMHOPO MarHgTHOrO
xoxx axoxH o6paaoBaxgx ocaRxa. I{axxM o6paaoM xpogaBORHxcx
oT6op axaxxMbtx Aaxxbix, 6yAeT gaxoxcexo xxxre.
Aaxxbie xo BceM xpoc~x.axM 6bins xaxecexbi xa oAsx csoRHbiH
paspea, oTBexaioH;xK paapesy xo xpoc~xxio II-II, xpo~RexxoMy
6e3 xepeCe~IeHFISI CCpOCOB. TaxxM O6paaOM ~biJli3 IIOCTpOOHbI CBORHble
xpgBbie D H J, xoTOpbie orpaxcaioT xoR cxxoxexHx x xaxxoxexgx Ma-
rxgTxoro xoxx 3eMxg B Texexxe Toro orpesxa xxIIOuexoBOro BpeMex~,
xoTOpbiH xpeRcTaBxex o6xaxcaiou;eKCx xa LIexexexe Bepxxeg xacTb~o
xpacxouBeTxo~ cBgTbi.
PacxpeRexexge xaxpaBxexraH BexTOpa In Axx Tex gn8 xxbix
rpyIIH xopoR gao6paxcaxocb B BxAe xpyroBbrx RSarpaMM AByx TxxoB.
I#pyrosbie RxarpaMMbi pHC. 28-32, 34 x cxoAyiox;ge xpeAcTaBnaioT
co6og cTepeorpac~xxecxIIe xpoexuxH - pasxoxxo~aRxbie xpoexuxx
cc~epbt. EC.nH xoMecTgTb B uexTp cc~epbt xaua~o BexTOpa In, ero
xaxpaB,aexxe oRxoaxaxxo oxpeAenirTCx ToxxoK xepecexexHx aTOro
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
........"".,"?. ~ hKC. 11. Ce~rsa Bv~i,~Iis_
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~IeKTOpa c IIosepxxocTb;o c~Iepbl. IIpII IIpoeKTIIposaHIIII cc~epb; xa
IIJlocxocTb JIIIHIIH pasHb;x cK~IOxeHIIH IIpoCKTIIpy;oTCx B paRIIycbl,
d JIIIHIIII paBHbIX HaKJIOHCHIIi3 - B KOHI;eHTpII~eCKIIC OKpyiISHOCTII.
IIpoeKuIIII seKTOpoB Ha xIIHiHI0I0 IIOJIycc~epy (c IIOJIOSKIITCJIbxb;MII J)
o6oaxa~exbl ToulcaMII, a xa sepxxlo;o IIoJrycc~epy (c oTpHr;aTCJ;bxbIMH
J) - KpyrKKaMH. I~arKAoMy cpeRHeMy xaIIpaBJrexII;o ecTecTBea-
Hoi~ ocTaTO~xoK xaMarxIIUexxocTII AnA 6J;oxa cooTBeTCTSyeT oRxa
TO=IKa (IIJIII Kpy?I{OK~. HaHCCCHbI HaHpaBJICHIIFI TOJIbKO TCx BCKTOpOB
I~, seJlIIUIIxa KoTOpb;x IIpesblII;aJta 3 ? 10-6 CGSM.
Ha cTepeorpac~IIaCCKIIx IIpoexuIIxx Haxecexo TaKxce xaxpaBJlexIIe
IICpCMarHII*IIIBaxIIx, T. C. xaupasJlexIIe cospeMexHOro aeMxoro MarxIIT-
xOPOIIOJ;H B CIICTCMC KOOpJ~III;aT, CBx3aHHOYI C HaKJIOHHbIMH CJIOfIMII.
HaIIpaBJICHIIC IICpCMar$II=IIIBaHIISI HaXOJ~IIJIOCb C IIOMOB~bIO CCTKII
ByJIb(~a (pIIC. 11) H BOCIiORKII, C HaHCCCHHbIMl4 Ha HCII KOHTypaMII
cCTxII.
LITO6b; xaKTII Hanpas.aexIIe IIepeMarxII~IISaHIIx, xyxcxo cJre~y;o-
u;ee (cM. pIIC. 12).
1. Ha CCTKy ByJIb(~a HaJIO".KIITb BOCII'OBIiy TaK, =ITO~ObI r;exTpbl
rIx coBIIaJIII, a xal;pasJlexHe xa cesep - ToxKa (N) ceTKII orcTOxJIa
oT cooTBeTCTByIOII;eH TouKII BocxosKII Ha yroJl D (yrJ;bl oTCxIITb;sa;oTCx
IIo xacosoli cTpeJlxe xa oxpya~cHOCTH ceTKII). OT oxpyaKHOCTII ceTKII
orc=IIITaTb IIo uexTpaJlbHOn;y r;epHAIIaIIy =IHCJro rpaAycos, pasxoe J.
IIoJlyxCxxax To~IKa (H) 6yueT xapaKTepi~aosaTb HaupasJlexIIe IIepe-
MaPHII=IIIBBHIIx rOpII3OHTaJIbHbIX CJIOCB. 7'eIIepb xyHSHO BHCCTII IIO-
IIpaBKy 3a TeKTOHII=ICC;SIIII xaKJIOH IIJIaCTOB.
`~. Ha oxpyxcxocTH ceTKII oTMCTIITb TouKy (A), cooTSeTCTBy;olgy;o
as;;MyTy IIa~exIIx IIJIacTa, oTC~IITb;Bax rpaRycb; oT TouKII (N) ccrxg
(CCJIII B3xT MBrHIITHbIII a3IIMyT).
.3. IIOBCpHYTb BOCKOBKy TaK, =ITOObI TO=IKa (A) IIOIIaJIa Ha 3HBa-
TOp CCTKII, CJICJ~x 3a TCM, =ITOObI I(eHTpbI BOCKOBKII H CCTKII COBIIa-
~anu.
4. IIo axsaTOpy oTC~IITaTb oT oxpyxcxocTII ceTK~ ~IICJto rpa~ycos,
pasxoC yrny xaKJloxa IIJIacTa; uepea IIoJryxexxylo To=;Ky IIposecTII
MCpHj(HaH. OTC=IIITaTb OT 3TOP0 MepIIJ~IIaHa ~~? HO 3ISBcRTOpy, HaII~H
To~ICy (P).
5. IIosepl-yTb socl;oBKy Tax, uTO6bI To~KII (P) II (H) oKaaanIICb Ha
o,~IION; MepxuHaHO. IIposecTII 3TOT MepIIAIIaH oT TouKII (P) =Iepea To~Ky
(H) rho IICpeceueHIIx c IIepsb;M n,epII~IIaxoM. PaccTOxHIIe MCaKRy Tou-
KoK (H) H ToxKOH IIepece~CHIIx 6yACT HaKJloxexIIeM J' noJlx IIepe-
MarHII=IIIBaxIIFI .
6. BepHyTb BocxoBKy B IIoJtoxcexxe 3. PaccTOxHIIe oT aKBaTOpa
ceTKII ~So To~KII IIepecexeHIIx MepIIRIIaxos 6yAeT paaxocTblo MextRy
aaIIMyTOM IIaAeHIISI II IIcxoMb;M cxnoxeHIICM D' IIo.nx IIepeMarxs~II-
BaHHR.
IIo HauRexxb;M D' II .I' xaIIpaB~exIIe IICpeMarBII~IIBaxIIx aaTeM
~cpaBHHBa.nocb c xaIIpaB.nexeeM seKTOpa ecTecTSexxo~ ocTaTO~xoK
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
PHri. 1Z. UIIpEJSBJICIIIIC II2]IIjIBBJIeIIHII IIe~10yIaCI{I3YI3B~fIlffi ~FI$II~8BJI0HAA COBp0M8HHOP0 30MHOL'Q IIOJIA B HOOpJ(IIHa-
TflX, CBII3TIIEI6IX C IIJIBCTOU~ C IIODiOtl(bAI CeTHII By7Ib(~a.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
HaMarHII~eaxocTII Tex IIJ1H IIHbtx o6paar;oB - R.ns~ cy~ReHg> o cTe-
IIeHII IIx nepeMarHIIxgBaHHx H Hepaoaaxa,nbxoM HanpaB~eHgg ocxa-
TOi1HOI3 Ha MarHIIL1eHHOCTII.
BexTOp eCTOCTBeHHOI3 OCTaTOHHOI3 HaMarHIIileHHOCTII ~aCTIILIHO
HepeMarHg~exHblx o6pasuoB, cor~lacHO c~opMy.ne In = I~~ -{- ~H,
Ro.axteH nextaTb B HaocxocTII, HpoxoRstII;e~ ~epes BexTOp uepeMa-
rHIIxIIBaHIIR H II BexTOp HepsoHaxaabxoi~ HaMarHII*~eHHOCTII,pacno-
.naraucb MexcRy HIIMII. C.aeRosaTe.nbHO, aHax HaHpaBaeHge in II H
Moxcxo cxaaaTb, xTO IIcxoMOe HaIIpaB.aeHIIe I~~ xapaxTepIIayeTCx Ha
c~lepe Toxxoi~, ~texca~e~ xa Torv, xce 6onbiHOM xpyre, xTO a To~xII,
OTBeLIaIOII~IIe In II H, TOAbxO J~aTIbHIe OT H, yeM In. IIa cTepeorpaMMe
Hpoexi;IIx 6onbiHOro xpyra - MepIIp;IIaH, HosTOMy, HposoAH c Ho-
MOII~bIO ceTxII ByJib(~a MepIIRIIax xepea TouxII (In) II (H), HaI3J{eM
JIIIHIIEO, Ha KOTOpOg ,TjOJI?xHa Jie?xaTb TOiIxa, COOTBOTCTByIOII{aH HepBO-
$a~aJIbHOI3 OCTaTOT1HOII HBMarHIIKeHHOCTH o6paaua. To xte caMOe
6bl.no cRe.naxo ra Rxsi rpyHH o6paauoB, HaupaB.neHIIx In xoTOpblx
IIao6paxceHbi Ha cTepeorpac~IIUecxIIx Hpoexi;Hxx, TOxbxO B 3TOM c~ry-
xae 6pa.nIICb yaxe cpe~HIIe Rix aTIIx rpyIIH aHaxeHIIA 3neMeHTOB
aaneraHIIx II HartpaBneHIISI ecTecTBellHOi3 ocTaTOxHOK HaMarxII-
T~eHHOCTII.
Cpe~HIIe HanpaBxeHIIx Imo, BblxIICnxnIICb HyTeM reoMeTpII-
xecxoro c.noxrexIIH HopMa.aIIaoBaxxblx (HpIIBeReHHblx x e~~gHIIi~e)
BexTOpos in R.asl 6.aoxoB, T. e. axre6paIIUecxoro c~oxceHIIa cocTasnxio-
II~IIX l,y HO OCfIM. HOpMaJIII3aI;IIfI IIpOII3BOJ~IIJ1aCb HO (~OpMyJle ~ln~ _
= 1`x2 ~- y2 -~- Z2 = 1, rRe x = cos J cos D; y = cos J sin D;
z =sin J, a BbluIICnexNe cpeRHgx axa~eHIIil cxnoHeHgx, HaxnoHe-
xIIa II reolvleTpII=lecxoli cyMMbr HopMa.nIISOSaxxbtx BexTOpoB R Ho
,coo pMyxaM
y
D= ani J=
x
=1
R - V
(18)
i=1 i=1 i=1
rye n - ~gc.ao BexTOpoB.
TOLIHOCTb BbILIIICJIeHHbIx Cpe,T~HIIX 3Ha~ieHII~3 D H J xapaxTepIIao-
Ba~iacb yrnoM 2a - 1;eHTpanbxblM yr~oM Te.necxoro yr.na, HHyTpg
xoTOporo HaxoRIITCx IIcTHHHOe HarlpaBneHIIe I~ c BeposTHOCTbio
1-p =0,95. Ha cTepeurpac~II*~ecxoH Hpoexl~IIII aTOMy yrny cooTSeT-
~cTByeT xpyr AosepHx paRIIyca a (B rpaRycax ~yrII 6onb>xoro xpyra).
PaRIIyc xpyra AoBepIIx Bb1~1IICnHxcsi Ho c~opMyne (15).
B ToM c,nyxae, xorRa IIopoubt Toi3 IIHII IIHOi~ To~r>;H ohHapyxcII-
:BaJIII aaMeTHy~o cTerleHb MarHIITHOI3 HecTa6IITlbgoc7II (tiTO BbIHBJIH-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
IIaneo,waariurrcxbie ucc.2eaoea>tus~ e 3ana8wou TypK~wettuu 97
Jlocb xo BbITSIHyTOMy BAoJIb Kpyra IzepeMarHx*IIIBaHxx pacxpe~eJlexIIia
xaxpaBJteHml~ In, JIII6o IIo aaMeTxol~ TeH~exuIIII RJIA *IacTII IIx rpyIIIIII-
posaTbcsl Boxpyr HaxpaBJIeIIIISI xepeMarxxuIIBax$x), RJIU xaxoxcRexII$
xeplloxa~aJlbxoro xaxpaBJlexIISl xaMarHII*IexxocTP, coBIIaRaloigero
c HaxpaBnellIIeM RpeBxero seMHOro MarxIITHOro xoJlx B IIayuaeMOM
par~oxe, IIcrlo.nbaosaJlIICb cJleAyio~IIe xyTII.
1. BbIRRJIP.xIIe CBSI3II CTexeHII MaPHIITHOII CTa6$JIbHOCTYI C JIHTO-
norHUecxiiM o6JIIIxoM xopoRbt $ IIcxJlloueHIIe IIa paccMOTpexHx Rax-
IIbIX, OTHOCFiII~IIXCA K TeM TIIxaM IIOpO,1;, KoTOpbie xapaKTepxayloTCA
RH3KOII MarxIITHOI3 CTa6$JibHOCTbIO.
2. I~Icxnlo~eHIIe, xpII BbrYIIC~~exIIe cpe,~xero xaxpaBJleHIIx In,
TO~IP.K, paCIIOJIOH{eHHbiX Bf1J[H38 HaIIpaBJIeHBSI xepeMarHIIii$BaHIIR.
3. CMeH~exge ToTIKg (Tnop) Bi{OJtb xpyra xepeMarHIItiIIBaHHS Ro
ypoBHx rpyxxbl ToueK, HaII6oJlee yRaJlexxblx oT HaxpaBJlexIIx IIepe,
nlarH$~IIIBaHrrsl.
4. CoxocTaBJIeHIIe xpyroB xepeMarHIIUIISaxIISI, HocTpoexHblx RJIs
rpyxx O6paar;oB, KOTOpbIB R3FiTbI x3 paapeaoB C pe3K0 paaJl$gxblM$
3J10b1eHTaMg 3aJleraHIIH CJIOeB. ~B$SKeHIIe TOtIPK (Tnop) BRoJIb 3TIIX
xpyroB (B cTOpoay yRaxexgx OT xaxpaBJlexIII3 xepeMarxII~IIIBaxBx)
J~O xOJlyileHIISI yJZOBJIeTBOpIITeJIbHOPO COrJIaCIIA HaIIpaBJ1eHHIt In
RJIA pa3HbIX pa3pe3OB.
5. CoxocTaBJIeHIIe KpyroB xepeMarxII~IIIBaxIISI; xocTpoexHblx uJIR
RByx rpyxx TOUeK, COOTBOTCTByIOII~xX T{ByM xpeIIMyII(2CTBeHHbIM Ha-
IIpaBJIexxAM In (3TII HaxpaBJleHIIx OTpaxcaloT ~Ba yCTOHiIIIBbIX
cocTOxHIIx reoMarx$THOro xoala, xoTOpble cMexxJIII ~pyr ~pyra R Te-
~eHIIe BpeMexII oTJlox{exIIx ToJIrgII). CMeB~eIIIIe TogeK (Tnop) BAoJIv
KpyroB xepeMarxHUIIBax$x xa BeJtg*Igxbl, xpoxopl~IIOxaJ~bxble pac-
CTORHIISIM 07 TOtIKII IIepeMarHIILIIIBaHIIH (H) J~O (Tnop) - B CTOpOHy
yJ~aJIOHHA OT (H) - J~O HOJIyLIeHHFI HaIIpaBJIeHIIII, OTJIIITIaIOII~IIXCfI
Apyr oT Rpyra xa yroJl, BoaMOx{xo 6o.nee 6JIxaKHH K 180?.
I{pyroBble RRarpaMMbl BTOporo TIIxa (pIIC. 20 x 28) RaIOT pac-
xpeueJlex$e BeKTOpoII ecTecTRexxoil ocTaTOUxoI3 HaMarHxuexHOCTII
xo aaIIetyTaM. Bce 6JIOKII c Touxo IIsBecTxblM HaxpaBJleHIIeM I,L 6bIJIII
crpyxxIIposaHbl xo gHTepsaJla~z cxJloxexIIx B 30?. IIpoi;eHT IIx oTJIO-
x{ex xo cpeRxeMy paRIIycy ~axnoro IIHTepsaJla.
~[$arpaMMbI OCOIIX TIIIIOB IIOCTpOeHb1 OTJ~eJIbHO AJISI paaxblx cTpa-
TIIrpac~HxecKIIx eAgHxu, a TaM, rRe xeo6xoRIIMO, o6paaubl Raxxoro
cTpaT$rpac~$uecl{oro HoRpaaReJlexIISt 6bIJIH RIIC~c~epeHuxpoBaxbl xo
nIITOJ~or$II, aJleMexTaM aaJleraHIIx IIJtII TeppIITOp$aJlbxo.
IIoJlax{exIIe MarxHTxoro xoJlloca xo RaaxblM xaMepeHIIi~ xaxpaBJre-
HIIfi BeKTOpa ecTecTBeHHOH ocTaTOUHOi~ xaMarHIIneHIlocTx ropHblx
xopoR oxpeReJlxJlocb Taxx{e c xonzouSblo ceTKII ByJlbc~a. IIoJlox{exHe
MarIIIITxoro xoJlloca xo clrJloxoxIIlo D $ HaxJloxexIIlo J B AaHxo~I
To~Ke c reorpac~xuecKHMII KoopRIIxaTaM$ ~ (nlxpoTa) $ ~ (AoJlroTa)
xaxoReJlocb cJ~e~~yloB~BM o6pasoM (p$c. 13). Ha ceTxy ByJlbc~a Ha-
l A. H. XpaMOB
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Pfrc. 13. OnpeAenexxe xonoxcexxx cesepxoro riarxgTxoro xonroca 3ert~rrr no cxnoRexxx~ D x xaxnoxexxro J a
Togxe (q~, ~).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
x.aaAblBa,nacb BocxoBxa c xaxecexxblMS xa xe~I xoxTypaMII ceTxx Tax,
YTO6bI uexTpbl x xaxpaB~Iexxx xa ceBep y xxx coBHa,nta. Ha BocxoBxe
oTMeYa.nacb To~xa (q~, ~,) II *Iepea xee xposoRB~ICSI Mepi3RgaH (I).
3aTeal, Bpaii;exIIeM Bocxosxg, c~IeAx sa TeM, gTO6bI i;exlpbl coBIIaRa~III,
ToYxa (q~, .~) coBMell;anacb c axBaTOpoM ceTxl3 By~Ib~Ia. Ha mepg-
JJ;13aHe, OTCTOftII;eM Ha g0? OT TOiIxII (q7, ~), OTxa.aJ(bIBaJIOCb OT TOiIxQ
xepeCeYeHI3R 3TOP0 Mepgi{IIaxa C MepgRLIaHOM TOiIxII (q, ~) yr.noBOe
paccTOxllxe D (2). IIo.nyxeHxa>3 To~xa BpaB~exxem BocxoaxII Boxpyr
uexTpa xpBBORII,aacb xa oRBH MepsAsax ceTxi3 c ToYxol~ (g~, ~). OT
ToYxH (q , ~) oTx~IaRblBanocb Ho MepIIRIIaxy yrnoBOe paccTOxxge
~7rb - JjOIIOJIxP,xIIe Ih DlarxylTHOI3 xII3pOTe, BbILII3CJIOHHOe IIO c~IOpMy~Ie
S,n = 90? -arc tg l z tg J) . (19)
IIo.ayYellxax ToYxa sIII~Ix,nacb xo.noxcexsen, MarxHTxoro xo.aloca
(3~ 4)?
IIpH IIayYexxH MarIII~THbIx cBOi~cTB ocaRoYxblx uopoR oxa3a~IOCb
IzeooxoAIIMbINI BblxsxTb aaBxcrlMOCTb MexcRy paa.nxYxblMrt marxIITxblm>3
xapaxTepxcT8xam8 xopoRbl, a Taxxte x MextAy xIIMH x uBeTOm xopol~bl
g xaxpaB~zexgeM TeYexxll B sIIOxII o6paaoBaxBx oca~xa. Tax xax
cJlej{OBaaIO O?KIIj{aTb, iITO 3Tg 3aBgCIIMOCTId 6yAyT HOCyITb xO (~yxxltx0-
HaJIbHbIII, a CTOXaCTI3ileCISHx (BepoxTHOCTHblx) xapaxTep, BblxB.ae>_Ige
gs xpogsBORr,~IOCb meTORami~ MaTeivlaTxYecxoii cTaTHCTIIxx, xyTeM
HocTpoeHxa xoppenxuxoxxblx Ta~~.aIIu (cM. HpB.aoxc. 4). Cg.na cllxag
Mexs,~y TeMi3 II.nx xIIbIM~z xapaxTeprlcTr~xaMx (x x y) ouexgsanacb
HyTena BblYxe.nexllsl xoac~c~xi;BexTa xoppe.axurrg r xo c~op:~Iyale
n u, unx~?x~ ~vnx'x~ lv~n~?y~
x y x y
(2U)
1~~n ~~ ax x_- ~~~ nx x~"~ fn ~~ ny y~- l~+~ny ? y)~~
f x x L y y
PrT[e 72 - O~II[ee tIxC~IO II3MepeHHII,
72x B Ily - LII3CJIO 3HaLIeHHI3 C OHpeJ~eJIeHHbIMII x xJIIi 2J
nxy - T3HCJI0 COBMBCTHbIX HOHBJIeHIIx 3HaiI0HHA x S 3HaTIeHHfi ~~
.~HaLILIhIbIMII CYIITaJIxCb TOJIbxO Te xO3(~(~IILjHPxTb[ IiOppOJIfII~xx,
Rnsl IcoTOpblx
(21)
3aBxcHMOCTb BeJIIIilIfxbl x oT y Bblparlca.nacb rpac~Iiilecxi~ xy TeM
xocTpoexF~s+ ~Ixxxx perpeccxx x = f (r/). I~ax Bbl~i~c~tx~IOCb cpeRxee
axaYexBe x ~~A xaax~oro ~ (x), sx,~xo IIs Ta6.axl~bl xpxalo;IC. 4.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
5. 0630p MarHHTHbIX CBOIiCTB OCaROiIHbIX HOpOR
3anaRHOK TypxMeHHH
To.aHja reocr3xx.nHHa~-IbBblx ocaRxoB, xoTOpax c.aaraeT aaxaRHO-
TypxMexcxylo RexpeccHlo g o6paM~IxloH;xe ee ropHble coopy~exgx,
xapaxTepgsyeTCx B uenoM oTxocgTenbxo c~Ia6bIMx MarHgTxbIbIII csog-
cTBaMI~. MarxxTHasl BocnpxrlM~IBBOCTb x 3Txx ocaRxoB, xax xpaBg~IO,
He HpeBbliHaeT 30 10_6 CGSM, a BeJIIIiIIIHbI ecTecTBexxoi~ ocTaTOUxoI3
HBMarHT3ilexHOCTH In $ COJIbxIHHCTBe CJIyiIaeB 3axJIIOLIeHbI MeaxRy
0 s 25 10_6 CGSM. To.abxo R~I$ 5% o6paauoB u m In xpesocxo-
RIIT yxaaaxxble Hpe~e~IbI; Maxcr3Ma~IbHble axaYexgx - x =
= 136,5 ? 10_s CGSM, In = 106,6 10-6 CGSM.
IIpx HepsoM axe BarnslRe xa rsczorpaMMbl pacxpeRe~Iexgsl x s
In (pgc. 15-25) 6pocaeTCSI B r~Iasa, ~ITO JIHIIIb xexoTOpble r~s Hxx
oTRa.riexxo HaxoMllxaloT pacupeRe.nexHe xo aaxoxy Paycca. 06~sIC-
HI3Tb 3T0 HOJ;OCTBTOiIHOCTbIO iIxCJia x3MepeHHH HxxalC xeJIb:3fi, gr00
R.asl xexoTOpblx rHCTOrpaMhl ~II~c~IO xaMepexxH RocTi~raeT xecxo~IbxBx
coTeH; xpoMe Toro, csoRHble rxcTOrpaMMb~, xo xaaxRol~ ~IxTO~IOrg~ecxo~I
pasHOCTH, HpHBeRexHble IIa pxc. 14, 15, coxpaxslloT ToT axe xapaxTep.
C Rpyrol3 CTOPOHbI, CBORHble rIICTOrpaMMbI R7ISI xec~IaxxxoB, a~Iespo-
~xTOB x r~tgx oYexb xoxoaxx Rpyr xa .Rpyra. Ha rgcTOrpaMMax x
oTMeYaeTCx xecxonbxo Maxcl~MyMOB B o6~IacTR oz 8 10-6 Ao
24 10_g CGSM 13 J~JIxHHbIx B CTOpOHy 60JIbIIIII% 3HaxeHlzH 5G,
RoxoRslx~mH y r~IxH Ao 126 ? 10-s CGSM. I'xcTOrpaMMbl pacxpeRe~IeHxH
In R~Ix 3Tgx paaxocTeH xapaxTepllbl MaxcBMyMOM oxo~to 2 10_6
CGSM x , RoxoRxH;BM y rnHH Ro 108 ? 10-6 CGSM. H3 Bcex
aTgx uopo;~ r.ngxbl Boo6x;e B ue~IOM Hag6o~Iee blarHxTHbI. Oco6exxo
sTO xacaeTCSI ecTecTHexxol~ ocTaTOxHOH xaMarHHYexxocTx: xax xoxa-
ablBaloT rHCTOrpaMMbl, po.itb HoBblm~exxblx axauexBl~ In B r~IBHax
aHa*IxTe.nbxo 6onbxle, *IeM B HecxaxHxax g a~Iesponr~Tax. I'HCTO-
rpaMMbl pacxpeRe~IeHHx x x In R~Ix Mepre.aeK g HaBecTxosxcTblx
c~IallueB c~BxxyTbl Ho epaBHeHxIO c HpeRblRy~sMH B cTOpoxy Meab-
IIIIIX 3HaLIeHxi3; J~JIHHHbII3 XBOCT 3J~ecb OTCyTCTByeT. I~I3B8CTHHxx Xa-
paxTepI33yIOTCSi B IIOJ;aBJISIIOII;eM 60JIbIIiIdHCTBO CJIyYaeB HyJIOBbIMB
3HatIeHxfiMx 7E B In.
PaccMOTpBM rgcTOrpaMMbl pacupeAeneHHx x H In ~-~.nsl nHTO~IOrx-
*Iecxgx paaxocTeil xo xaax~oMy cTpaTHrpac~x*IecxoMy HoRpaa~eneHBlo
H cso~xble uo 9TBM izoApaaAe~IeHgaM.
P030BaT0-xopgxxeBbre, xopxYxeBble x cepbie rngxbl 6axxxcxoro
xpyca Hpg yMepexxblx saaYeHHxx x; xe BbixoRxH;Bx, xax HpaBg~IO,
as xpeRe~IbI 12 10-6 -36 10_6 CGSM (x~p = 18,8 10-s CGBM)
XapaxTepu3yloTCH J~OBOJIbHO BbICOxIIMx BeJIIITIxHaMII I,,, J;OCTxralo-
H{BMx 56 10-s CGSM (ln~p = 10,4 10-6 CGSM). A~IenpHTbl,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Bce nopoabi n= 2474
~ n=106
0 1b 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120.10 `cgsm x
Pxc. 14. ~IaragTaaA socnpgaMegsocTb ocaRosasix nopoR 3anaRxo~ TypxMeagg: n - ggcno gaygeaxs~x o6paagos.
s
AaieQponums~ n=>95 30 Mepzenu n=108 0~ Ns?ecmNAKu
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
b ~ n '~
~ ,fib ? `?' 40
'b ? II ?
.?`Cx~~ ~,y30
O ~
x m n ~ m
~ ~ O m `~
~ y x Ca ~~
"
~
n~ ~8
Ib C n ~ W H
~, ~ " a w 30
~ ~ ~
l~ ~
w x ? a w
m ~ ~ ~~ 2
0
b h! h1
iS y
m
]i O
~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ OH
p, ~ ~ a
~ ~ II on
~~
~ ~ ~ ~~
W
xa
xm ~?~a
w ~ q
~ ~ ~
~ ~ O
~q y ,.~ ~
~ m ~ b
~ ~ ~ ~~
,1 Fhb
~lecvaauKU n= 535 ~ A~edoa~um~; ~ Meozein~ ~136ecmamrii ? ~ ~
1 ~ o ~
w a
O ~ ~
... y w
n ?
o~
W
1
' y ~ ~
>0 20 30 40?lOscgsm~`~ 0 10.106cgsm 1~ 0 10?10~~gsm `n 0 10.10 g ns
~ ~ h
.-,~~
~~
~ ? o
-i O ~
~ ~ ~
W ~
~ ~ x
o ~^
y x
o ?' ~'
~ II
~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~
~ ~
~ ~
x
0
x ~
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
30
20
30
20
>0
0 10 10 30?f06cgsm x 0
/IecvayuKU u aneB,oonums~ n=26
Pxc. 16. MarxxTaaR BOCxpxxMYxBOCTb 4eTBepTfiYHbI% x xnxo~exoBbt% xopoR 3axaRBOii TypxMeaxx;
1 - 6axptacxa# Rpyc; 9. - axmepoxcxx~ apyc; 3 - ax~arai~bcxBU npyc; 4 - xpacaoAaezuax caHTa; n - 9wcno xsy9eaxbnc
o6paauoa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
?ro
80
-^
/lecvaHUKU n=2fB 3- ^ AneBponuma~ ,,, ~ ~nuHai n=952
PIIC. 17. EczecTBeaaaA OCT8TO4HaFi HBMaPHH4eHHOCTb 4OTBepTE4HbI% f[ HIlHOije~
aosr~tx HopoA 3anaRxo~ TypxMeHgH:
1 - 6axxacxxH Rpyc; 2 - axxiepoxcxxi~ apyc; .3 - ax9ar~xbcxxH xpyc; 4 - xpacao-
AseTxax csxTa; n - gxcso xay*~exxacx o6paagos.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~eextRy 8 10-e $ 28 10-6 LGSM. To xce caMOe MoxcHO cxaaaTb $ IIpo
~~epxbre, cepbte $ xpacxoBaTbie r~gxr~ $ rx$x$cTbie Mepre~t$ aTOro
~BOapacTa. O~xaxo xax cpeR$ $ec~ax$xoB $ axeBpo.n$TOB, xax H
cpeR$ rx$x BbiRe~xeTCx rpy$Ha c Bbtcox$M$ aHa*~eH$AM$ x -
Ao 106 10_6 CGSM. OTMeT$M, PTO aTa xce rpy$$a xapaxTepH-
ayexcA g Br~cox$M$ axaueHxxM$ In, ~ocT$raiox;$M$ 44 10-6
LGSM, TorAa xax B ocTanbxb~x cny*~axx In xe HpeBbixzaeT
10 ? 10-6 LGSM. CpeRH$e axa~ex$s~ x $ In R,ax Bcex $opoR a$nze-
poxcxoro xpyca cocTaBxAioT x~p = 21,8 10-s CGSM, lnop _
= 4,9 10~ CGSM (Hec~ax$x$ x a.aespon$Tbt x~p = 24,1 10_s
CGSM, ln~p = 5,4 ? 10_s CGSM, rnxxbi x~p = 19,3 ? 10_6 CGSM,
1?ep = 4,3 ? 10-e CGSM).
A$uxepoxcx$e oTnoxcex$A T~e.aexexa $ I{iopexRara ouexb 6n$3x$
Rpyr x Rpyry $o cBO$M Marx$TxbiM csogcTBaM - He To.abxo $o cpeA-
xgM $x aHa~ex$xM (LIeaexex: x~p = 23,1 ? 10_6 CGSM, Incp -
= 4,9 ? 10-sCGSM, I{iopeHRar x~p = 19,6 ? 10_s CGSM, Incp =
_ 5,0 10-6 CGSM), Ho $ $o xapaxTepy pacxpeRexex$R aT$x cBO~cTB.
(cM. r$cTOrpaMMr~ p$c. 18, 19). Ppy$$a c Bbxcox$M$ axa~ex$xM$ x
x In BbiRenAeTCx xax Ha LIexexexe, Tax $ B I{iopexRare. Bce xte,
xax $oxaablsaioT r$cTOrpaMMbt, aHHxepoxcx$e oT~oxteH$x T-Ieate-
xexa xapaxTep$ayioTCR 6o,abBi$M pasxoo6paa$eM MarH$THbix cHO~cTB.
Ax~arr~snbcx$e oT.aoxcex$x B ue~toM xecxo~bxo Mexee Marx$Txr~,
xeM oTnoxcex$x aHrxepoxcxoro xpyca. CpeRH$e axa~ex$s MarH$T-
xoa Boc$p$$M~$BOCT$ $ ecTecTBexxo~ ocTaTOeHOg xaMarH$-
~~exxocT$ aRecb cocTaBJixIOT: x~p = 14,8 10-s LGSM, Incp -
= 2,G ? 10_6 CGSM (a.aeBpon$Tbi - x~p = 138 ? 10_s LGSM,
Incp = 2,6 10-s CGSM, rJI$HbI - x; p = 15,4 10_6 CGSM, Incp =
= 2,8.10_6 LGSM, $aBecTxoB$cTbie c.aaHubt-x~p=7,0 10-6 CGSM,
l"op= 1,0 10-s CGSM). CpaBx$Texbxo xe6o.abHZ$e Bex$~$xbi x $ In
o6vACxstioTCx Manb1M coRepxcaH$eM $opoR rpyx$bi c HosbixzexxbiM$
SHaiI0H73AM$ x $ In. IZOBbIIIIeHHbIB 3HaiIEH$H x $ I11 (MaxC$ManbHble
x= 44 10-6 CGSM; In = 36 10_6 CGSM) Bcxpe~aioTCa To~bxo
Cpe,q$ rJI$H, xOTOpbie BOOGII~e OTJI$LIaioTCfi 6oTIbI$$M pa3H006pa3$eM
x K In, ~IeM aJIOBpOJI$TbI. 1~3B0CTHOBBCTbie CJIaH~bI, Ifax MbI B$J~$M,
OiIOHb cna6o Mar$$THbI.
CpaBH$BaR Rpyr c ApyroM r$cTOrpaMMbi pac$pep{eneH$x x g
In ax~arbIJibcx$x oT~oxcex$i~ LIe.aexexa, Maxoro Baxxaxa $ I~xl-
pe$Rara (p$c. 18, 19), MoxcHO B$ReTb, PTO Marx$Txax Bocxpx$M~$-
BOCTb B 061110M IIOBbzI$aeTCH oT LIenexexa x I{iopexRary, a $o ecTe-
cTBexxog ocTaTOUxog xaMarx$~eHxocT$ B aTOM xa$paBxex~$ $opoRr~
cTax~BRTCR 6oxee oRHOO6paaHbiM$, cpeRxxe xce ee axa~ex$x xe-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~ ^ 1 x
70 20 30 40 SO 1/0.10 cys~n
40
3U
10 20 30 4010 cgsrn
Pxc. 18. Cpasxeage no
pai~oaa~t n~arasTSOg soc-
xpBaMVgsocTa nnROge-
xos~x oTnoxceax~ 3a-
naAao~ TypxMesgx;
1 - aamepoacxaik apyc; P-
axear~nacxxA apyc; 3 -
xpacaoASeraaa csaTa;
n - eacno aay*[eax~x o6-
paagos.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
^ 50' '/e~~eKe,v n=12 50' M 6anxay n=150 50 ` /(ropey-,Qa2 n=33"
0 10 `2 ?1~~ 0 70 ZO 30 J~ egsn, ~' 0 1Q~1~,
0 2J ~0~10?~,r`.ii 0 70 2010 cgsm
Pac. 19. Cpasxexxe no paHOxaM eczecTSexxo~ ocTaTOYxo~ xaMarxxgexxoeTm
xnxogexosa~x oTnoxcexxH 3anaRxoB TypxMexxx.
1 - anmepoHCxH~i Hpyc; ? - axvarranbcHHK Hpyr.; 3 - HpacaouBezaaH cBHra;
'YL - 9iiC7I0 Hay9CHHhIX o6paagoH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
IIarceo,rveazxumr~ete ueerceaoeakuse e 3ana8i~ou TypK.wekicii X09
CKOJIbKO yMEHbITIaIOTCH (~eJieKeH x?p = 11,2 10-6 LGSM, In?p =
= 3,2 ? 10-6 CGSM; Ma~tbIl3 ~aJIXaH x; p = 13,8 ? 10-6 CGSM,
In~p = 2,7 10-6 CGSM, I~IOpeHRar x?p = 17,3 10-6 CGSM,
In?p = 2,4 10_s CGSM). Rce 3TII BaMexexIIx, xax BIIRHO, xeBe,aIIxII,
HoaTOMy Moxcxo aax~Ilo~IITb, PTO ax~Iarbl,nbcxIIe oT.aoxceHIIx, Bepo-
xTHO 6onee II.nH Mexee oRIIxaxoBbi xo CB OHM MarHIITHbIM CBOIiCTBaM
s IIpeRe~Iax 3auaRxol~ TypxMeHIIII.
IIopoRbl Icpacxoi;BeTxol~ cBIITbI 3axaRHOi3 TypxMeHIIII oT BbIIIleae-
xca>;IIx oT~IOxceHII~I oT.aII~aloTCS HoBblIItexxblMII axaueHIIxNZII ecTe-
CTBEHHOI3 OCTaTOiIHOI3 HaMaPHIIileHHOCTII (x,,p = 20,4 10-~ CGSM,
I?~p = 8,4 10-s CGSM. PIICTOrpaMMbl pIIC. 17 uoxaablBaloT, uTo
3T0 HOBbIIIIeHIIe O~H3aH0, B OCHOBHOM, rJIHHaM II JIIIIIIb OTLIaCTII HOC-
iIaHIIHaM. I'JIIIHbI XapaliTepII3yIOTCfi Cpej~HIIDIH 3HatieHIIFIMII x~p =
= 21,0 ? 10-6 CGSM II In?p = 10,0 . 10-~ CGSM, xec=IaxIIxII x~p =
= 18,0 ? 10-~ CGSM, I??p = 4,4 ? 10-6 CGSM, a,aeBpo.nIITbI - x?p =
= 14,8 ? 10-6 CGSM, I,~?p = 2,2.10_6 CGSM. LITO sxe xacaeTCSI
~CaMOPO paCIIpeReneHIIx MarHIITHbIX CBOI~CTB J~JIfI xaxcROl~ II3 3TIIX
pa3HOCTeI3, TO C~teAyeT OTb1eTIdTb. LITO rIICTOrpaMMbl IIOIia3bIBaIOT
CyII~eCTBOBaHIIe B ICaH{J;OI3 II3 HHX J~ByX MarHIITHbIX PpyHII, pa3JIH-
~Ialou~IIxcx Ho Be,nII~IIIxe In. I~ uepso~I oTHOCxTCx HopoRbl c nla.ablMg
axa~eHIIxMII In; He IIpeBblIIIafOB;IIMII, xal; HpaBII~zo 2-3 ? 10_6 CGSM.
8Ty rpyHHy cocTaB,axloT Ho~ITII Bce a,nespoalIITbl, HeMxorIIat 6o~Iee
IIo.noBIIHbI xecxaHHxoB $ 25 % r.nIIx. BTOpax rpyIIHa xapal;TepII-
3yeTCFI OTHOCIITe7IbH0 BbICOKIIMII 3HaileHIIfIMII tln, 3aIC~IIOileHHbIMII
MexcAy 5 10-6 II 32 10-6 LGSM. OHa COCTOHT B OCHOBxOM II3 PJIIIx,
K HeII OT$OCIITCH II ilaCTb HOCiIaHIIKOB II aJIeBpOJIIITOB. IIO BeJI$LIIIHe
MaPHIITHOII BOCHpIIIIMiIIIBOCTII fICHOrO I~e1IeHIIFi Ha rpyHIIbI HO rIICTO-
PpaMMaM x xe OTMeLIaeTCSI, II BCx HpaCHOIZBOTHaA CBIITa IIO x 6o.aee
II~II Mexee oRxopoRxa.
IIepexoRx x paccMOTpeHIIIO rIICTOrpaMM pIIC. 17, 18, Moal;xo aa-
b10TLITb, iITO HO BeJIIIiIIIHe MarxIITHOII BOCHpIIIIMLIIIBOCTII OTJIOiIieHIISi
KpaCHOI;BOTHOYI CBIITbI zIe~Iexexa H Masoro ~iaJlXaHa COBepxlexHO
rIReHTIIxxbl. ORIIxaxoBbl He To,rtbxo cpeRIIIIe axaueHIIx x (19,6 ? 10_6
II 20,5 10-~ CGSM cooTBeTCTBeIIxo), xo II xapaxTep pacxpeAe.aexIIx
o6paai;oB IIo x: rIICTOrpaMMbl x IIMeIOT oRIIx II ToT xce BIIJ[ - nzahcII-
MyM s o6.nacTH 3xatlexIIK x = 20-24 10 s CGSM II oTIIOCIITestbxo
HJIaBHOe yDICHbHICHIIe iIHCOJi B o6e CTOpOHbI OT xer0. CosepHZexHo
~pyrax xapTIIxa Ho~IyuaeTCx, ec~III cpasxIITb pacxpe~e~IexIIx Ho
In: HopoRbl xpacxouBeTxoK cBIITbI LIe.nel;exa B ue~IOM ropaaAo CIIJIb-
HOO OCTaTOLIxO xaMarHIIileHbI, ileM O,ISHOB03paCTHble OTJIOJIfeHIIFI
Ma~toro Ba.axaxa - a~ecb In?p = 10,0 . 70-~ CGSM HpoTIIs
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
4,6 10_6 CGSM Ansl ManOPO }3aJIXaxa. HenocpeRcTSexxax IIpHUxxa
3TOrO pa3JIgLIxH CTaHOT SICHa, OCJIH BCBOAIH$Tb, uT0 r,nIIHbi, xOTOpble
COCTaBJIfiIOT 6OJIbIIIyIO uaCTb rpyIIIIbi IIOpOJ~ C BbICOx$Mx 3HaileHxHM$
I? B paspeaax xpacHOr;BeTHOI~ cB$TbI Ma~IOro Banxaxa saxHMaloT
cyry6o IIoRu$Hexxoe IIo.noxceHHe, TorRa xax Ha ile~Iexexe oHH IIo~
o6rgeH MOII;HOCT$ COCTaBaISIIOT IIOUTx IIOJIOBHHy OC)HaxtalongeHCx
uacT$ xpacxouBeTxoH cB$TbI.
IIa~IeorexoBble oT~IOxtexHSl 3anaRxo~I TypxMex$$ xapaxTep$-
3yIOTCSI 6OJIbIII$M pa3HOO6paa$eM MarHTdTHbIX CBOgCTB, IIoxa3biBasr
aHauexgx BocIIp$i3MU$BOCTx x ecTecTBexxo~I ocTaTOUxoi~ Hal~arxx-
ueHHOCTid OT HyJIBBbIX x I;O IIO*IT$ MaKC$MaJIbHbIX YI3 BCTpeileHHbi&
xaMg B 3axaRxo~I TypxMexHx x = 126,0 10_6 LGSM, In =
= 106,6 10-6 CGSM. B7IaroRapS IIpIICyTCTBZ3IO ROBOJIbHO Mxoro-
ugcneHHOH rpyIIIIbl cz3~Ibxo Marx$Txblx xpacHblx $ xop$uxeBblx rn$H,
cpeRx$e axauex$sI x x l? Taxslte oxasblBaloTCS xa13BbICIIIHMi~ - x~p =
= 30,5 ? 10_6 CGSM, 1?~p = 19,9 ? 10_s LGSM. CpeuHxe axauexHx~
~ x In cocTaB~tslloT: R~Ix IIec*IaxBxoB x~p = 9,8 10-6 CGSM, I~~p =
1,8 ? 10_6 CGSM, Rns r~Igx 7C~p = 39,2 ? 10-6 CGSM, hip =
= 27,8 10_s CGSM, R~ti Mepre~IeK r3 xaBecTxoBl~cTblx cnaxneB
x~p = 7,J ? 10_6 CGSM, ln~p = 1,1 10_6 LGSM (p$c. 20, 21).
IIa~IeorexoBble oT~IOxcexxsl Ma~IOPO Banxaxa s 1iOJIbIIIOPO Baal-
xaxa, xax B$Rxo $a rr~cTOrpaMM pxc. 22, 23, peaxo oT.a$ualoTCH
Rpyr oT Rpyra IIo cBOxM MarxxTxblM csol~cTBaM. PTO oTn$u$e Bblpa-
xcaeTCx BTOM, uTO xa Ma~IOM Sa~Ixaxe B paapeae aTHx oTnoxceHBl~~
6OJIbIIIOe M0CTO 3aHHMaeT PpyIIIIa CgJIbHO MarHYITxbIX rJIEH, TOrua
xax Ha 1iO7IbIIIOM Ba.nXaHe TaKgX rJITdH H0T x, HaO6OpOT, IIIgpOxOe?
paaB$T$e IIo~IyualoT BecbMa c~Ia6oMarH$Txble 6exTOx$TOBble r~IHxbr
$ II3B0CTHOBgCTble CJIaHI;bi. CpeRHZ3e 3HaueHxx BOCIIp$I3MUHBOCTIi
$ eCT0CTB8IIHOx OCTaTOUHOYI Ha MarHgueHHOCTI3: MaJIbIx BaTIXBH -
x~p = 47,2 10_6 CGSM, In~p = 34,5 10_s CGSM, fiOJIbIIIOIi ba.~-
xaH - x~p = 8,6.10-6 CGSM, In~p = 1,1 10-sCGSM.
I{ap6oxaTxax Tonm~a IIopoA RaTCxoro xpyca, cexoxa H Ty-
poxa xapaxTepHayeTCx BecbMa cxa6ol~ MarxxTxocTblo (x~p =
= 6,9 ? 10-s CGSM, ln~p = 1,3 ? 10-s CGSM. yIasecTxxxx aRecb.
IIpaxTi3uecxH xeMarxxTxbl, xMex x B IIpeRe~Iax oT - 2 ? 10-sCGSM,
Ro 6 10-s LGSM $ In B rlpeRenax TOiIHOCT$ IZ3Mepexxx paBHylo n.
Mepre~Ix, rJI$HbI $ aneBpOJI$TbI IIOxa3bIBaIOT 3HaueHxx 7C, ,~OCTFIra-
Iox;I~e 22 10-s (x~p = 10,7 10-s CGSM), ocTaTOUxax xce HaMarxx-
uexxocTb, xax IIpasl~.ao, IIe IIpesocxoRxT 2.10-s CGSM. ORHaxo
HMeeTCx xe6o~tbmasl rpyxxa Mepre~IeK c IIosblBlexxblMrl sxauexr~slMu
I,,, rSocTmralox;xMII 10 10-~ CGSM (pllc. 21).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
20~I
~/1 // Nbl
// _ ~yU
30 j ti1Pp2eiiu r. ~isBe~in-
~~ ~ ~ ^ O~uC/~16i~;
CnpHU9 ~
30~ rnuNai u aneBponumbi
~=23
?i~
20
l'HC. 20. MarHH?Haa BOCIIpHHMYHBOCTb naneorexoBbTx H Meaoao$cxHx nopoA 3anaABOa TypxMeHHH;
1 - ad7leorex; 2 - Typox H cellox; 3 - sepxea6 6appeM, asr, anb6,ceaoMaa~4 - Iopa Y BeoxoM;
n - ~1BCno Ilayee~Halx o6paauop.
!0 1~0?l0~>x
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Rio
~0
Mepaenu u
90 u~Becm,roBu-
C,~zsia cnneutii
10.10 h
_T.J _
1D 20 30 40 50 6~~: 80 .9010 `cgsm h
>DO ~ 80 ~ >00
1 ~nuuai u ~ Mepzenu M NeBecmHpru
301 0 ?neBponume~D~ n=38 30 ~ n=37
50 /lervauuKU
n=778
~0
50
4li
90
20
30
2o-
f0
M
20 20
f0 10
50 I 1 0
A~eBponumbi
~ i T_ ~r.~ ~ Jj~ ~ i 1 7- j ~ !n
0 1D 20.10 cgsm 0 109D c.gsm 0 !O ~u c~sm ? 0 1090 cgsm ?0 1010 ?cgsm
Pxc. 21. EcTecTSexxax ocTaroexax xa:~arxggexxocTb xa~ceorexoss~x g Meaoao~-
cxxx xopoR 3axaAxo~ TypxMexxx:
1 - na~neorex; 2 - Typos n cefrox; 3 - BepxacsH 6appem, anT, a,na6, cenoMaa; I - iopa e
xeoxoni;
tt - 9IIC~0 ]13YyeHHb[X OOpagI~OII,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
>0 2 "10 6rgsm x 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 900 >;0 92U ~130~10 i y.~~~
?~ ~~ ?u ~yom u ru culu ~.gavi U .U LU'IU Cgtil'7
PIIC. 22. CpasaeaEe HO paFiOHaM hiaPHBTHO3i BOCiIpHH3I4HBOCTH Ifa~ieO1'eHOBbIX K BP.pXlifhICJIOBl,IX O1~TIOHSeHIIIi 3aIIaJ(IIOYI
TypxhieHHH:
1 - ua.neorex; 2 - BepxaFf# ,ze.n;
n -- 9YfCR0 L[3VYCHBbIx OBpa8i[OB.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
tiL 6?nxaH ~=>5J
7U
I
1090 6cgsm ? 0 10 20 30 4D 50
%~
50 70 80 90.10 cgs:,
Pxc. 33. Cpasxeaxe ecTeczxexxo~ ocTa?roaxo~ xaMarxi3Yeiixocr~i xaaieoreyosvix
x sepxxeMenoshlx oTnoxcexxi~ 3axaAxoi~ Typxhtexxx no paHOxam.
1 -- na~eorex; 2 - sepxxxli me:~;
ri -- 911CII0 ]13y9eHFIhIX 06 paSgOB.
CpasHgsaa rxcTOrpaMMbl pacxpeAe~Iexl3x MarxxTxblx csoHCTII
Raa BepxxeMe~IOSI~Ix oT.aoxseHZ3H (cioRa Hpl~GoeRxHex yxce x cexoMax)
SOJIbIIIOPO Ba.axaxa, Ma~IOPO Ba.nxaxa r~ ~flopeHAara (p8c. 22, 23),
MO)ISHO BIIJ~eTb, iITO B BOCTOiIHOM 'HaHpaBJIeHIIi3 MarHgTHOCTb TOJIx;Ii
HOCKOJIbISO HOBbIIHaeTCfl (OCTBBaHCb BCe SICe xft3KOI3). e~TO O6'bHCHHeTCR
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
aaMe>~exgeM B RaxxoM xaxpas,aeHHU xeMarxxTxbix gaBecTxxxoB Mep-
re~txMg. CpeAxge aHaxexgx cocTaB~IAioT: A.nx bo~buzora Fian~uxa
x?p = 5,0 ? 10_6 CGSM, I,t?p = 0,5 ? 10-s LGSM, Ru>3 Mauoro Ba.n-
xaxa - x?p = 10,7 10-s CGSM, I?cp = 1,7 10-6 CGSM, A.nx 1{io-
pexRara - x~p = 15,1 10_s CGSM, In~p = 1,5 10_s CGSM. .
Hr~xce~Iexcau~r3e oxatoxceHgx gsyxa.nr3eb xaMra To~Ibxa no, paspe3aM
SOJIbIHOPO T7aJIXaHa.
MOH;HaA To~I>;a MenxoaepllHCTbIx HecuaxKxoB, a~IeBpo~IxTOB R
uec~IaxHCTbIx r.nl~x cexoMaxa, a.ilb6a, aHTa x Bepxxero 6appeMa xoxa-
abiBaeT cpeAHine axaueHHA x?p = 15,1 10-~ CGSM, ~n?p -
= 1,7 10-6 LGSM. TOJIx;a ~IpeaBblxaHxo oRxopoAxa Ho csol3M
MarxxTxblM cBOi~cTBaM: 85 % oTO6paxxblx o6paai~oB HMeIOT x, aax~Iio-
xexxy~o B upeRe~Iax OT 10 10_f Ro 20 ? 10-6 CGSM, B To BpeMS3 I;ax
rlaxcHMa~Ibaoe ee sxaxexHe aAecb - 30 10_F CGSM. C'.Bb~uze -97 ,e
06paaI~OB PIMeIOT eCTOCTBOHHyIO OCTaTOiIHyIO Ha MarHgTIeHHOCTb, MOHb-
HIyio 4 10-6 CGSM, r~ To~Ibxo cpeRia nec~axr~xoB I~ Mepre.aeH xHOrua
BcTpexaioTCx axauexgsl Ao 10 10-s CGSM. IIecuaxHxH, a.aeBpo~IxTbI
~I rJIgHbI I3MeIOT HOLITI3 O~{FIHaIiOBble CpeRH>a0 3HaLIEHHFI x H In: xcp =
= 13,9 ? 10-6, 14,9 - 10-s r[ 17,4 ? 10_6 CGSM, Inop = 1,9; ~ 1,9
rs 1,8 10-`' CGSM cooTBeTCTSexxo. STx axaxexxsi, a Taxxce !rgcTO-
rpaMMbt pacxpeRe~IeHHx x x In (pxc. 20, 21) uoxaablBaioT, ~ITb Rax-
Hble pa3HOCTyI B MarHHTHOM OTHOxI0HHI3 COCTaBJIHIOT eRr~Hyio rpynny
HopoR.
YIasecTHxxollax To~Ix;a HeoxoMa - BepxxeH IOpbI BbIRe~Ix,e~?csi
OtIeHb HH3KHMH 3HazICHHHMI~I x yI I~, (xcp = 1,3 10-5 CGSM, Incp
= 0,2 10-6 CGSM). Xapal~Tep paclzpeAe~IeHHii HopbR Ho Marxi~TxblM
csor~cTBaM axa,norH~IeH Taxosohly Anx xap6oxaTOS Bepxxero Meaa,
oRxaxo aAecb cpeAll Mepre.ael~ He BcTpe~IaeTCS HOBblxzexxbix axaxe-
xr~H I,i. CpeRxue axa~Iexuti x H In Ho ~IHTO~IOrx~Iecxm~t'' ~asxacTRM
cocTaB~ISItoT: Mepre.nH x?p = 5,9 ? 10-~' CGSM, In?p = 1,3 ? 10-6 CGSM;
z~asecTHxxr~ xcp = 1, 2 10-6 CGSM, In?p = -0,1 ~ 10-6 CGSM..
Teppgrexxble oT~IOxceHxx xe~I~IOSex x cpeAxeH iopbl (Me~Ixoaep'-
HHCTbte Hecxaxi~I:H, a~IeBpostHTbI, r~I>aHbt >a aprH~i~i3TbY) ~xolGaabiBatoT
cpeAHge axauexHa x?p = 18,2 10-fi CGSM, Inop = 3,5 ? 10_6 CGSM.
Ilecxaxuxi~ xapaxTepHaylozcx x~p = 17,4 10_6 CG,S111, . In~~ ;.-
= 3,7 ? 10-6 CGSM, a~IesponHTbl - x~p = 21,6 ? 10-6GGSM, Ines, ~
_- 3,1 _? 10_s CGSM, rxHHbl i~ aprxaiu>3TbI - x?p = 19,5 ? 11~`s CG,~~i;
Incp = 2,2 10-6 CGSM. OTMeTr~M, ~ITO cpeAxue axa~eHUx: x.A~zx..axux
paaxocTei~ 6.nual;H Rpyr .x Apyry, TorAa iral; l,l Bblule y aneHpo.n~>~~rou
S*
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~I, oco6eHHO, y Hec~aHHxoB. 06palgaxcb x rxcTOrpaMMaM pgc. 20,
21~; MoxcHO B~IReTb, *ITO aTO o6T~xcxxeTCx Ha.nrz~rte~z cpeRH Hec*IaHZ3xoB
1-j aneBpo~IHTOB rpyrlHbl c HoBi;IHIexHr~INIH aHaxeHHxMg In - uo
26.10-s CGSM.
~,aI;Hble O CpeZ[HHX 3HaTIeHHfIX 1G H In HO B03paCTHI~IM HoRpasue-
aleHmslM` H pai~oxaM MoSItHO Rnx xar~tslAHOCTS cllecTH B c~e~yloHjylo
Ta6~IHUIty, rRe x x In Br~IpaxceHbl B MB.a.aHOxax ~o.axx a6co~IIOTHOH
CIICTOMhI (CGSM).
Ta6aur~a .l7
MarA}ITHbIC CBONCTBa OCapO'1}IbIX II OI}OJj e3a11ajIHOI~I TypIfMCH}lll IIO CTpaTli-
rpa(~HYCCKIIM rlOj~pa3JIeJIC,HI1flM '
LIe~lexex
B. BanxaH
M. Bazxaa
I~IOpeBAar
OT,ge~, apyc, esx~ra
~
o
~
o
o
?
o
o
~
'r"
ti
~-'
o
'~'
o
r,
a
V
~
a
~
a
~
U
r
a
p
a
ti`
X
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X
'~
i
X
'ti
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~ BaxeacKi3ii apyc . ~
18,7
10,0
i
ArrnrepoxcxHH apyc
23,1
4,9
19,6
5,0
~~
AxYarr~~6cxrli~ apyc
11,2
3,3
13,8
2,7
17,3
2,4
I{pacxogae~rllaa csa?ra
19,6
10,0
20,5
4,6
Pg ~
Haneorex
~ ~
8,6 ~
1,1 ~
47,2
34,5
Bepxaxii Meal ~
5,0
0,5
10,7
1,7
15,1
1,5
Cr
H. Men (xpoMe aeo-
xonla)
15,1
1,9
~r-~-J
HeoxoM-oxc~iopA
1,3
0,2
J
IfenaoseH, ~orrep ~
18,2
3,5
Ha~ ocxosaHHH HsyxeHl3x rr~cTOrpanlM pacnpeRe~IeHgs x YI In
J;Jifi pa3JIII~IHbIX JII3TOJIOrI3iI0CI{IIX pa3HOCT0I3 II CBOJ~HbIX - HO' B03-
pacxHblmt HoRpaaRe.aeHHxM (pHC. 24, 25), Moxcxo HpI~i~Tg x caleAylo-
n;utM BbIBORaM.
1. OcaRoxHble Hopoubl 3arlaRHOK TyphMeHKx Mo:xxo paaRe.aHTv
Ha Hecxoalbxo rpynH c xapaxTepHbIM xomlH.aexcoM MarHSTxbIx csoKCTB
(x s I?) ~ MarxHTxr~Ix THROB HopoR. PTO Re~IeHge He coBHaRaeT
c Ae~teHgeM HopoR Ho ~IHTO~IOrr~~ecxgM paaxocTaM: x oRHOMy s ToMy
xce MarHl~TxoMy THHy oTHOCxTCx ~IgTOnorH~ecxHe paa~Il~~Hble HopoAi~I,
a c Apyrol~ cropoxr~I, Ho~TH xa;xRasl nmTO~tor~gecxax paaHOCTb pac-
TipB~jeJISieTCfi HO pa3HbIM MarHyITHbIM THHaM. TOJIbHO yI3B0CTHHISH I3
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
IZa~aeo,ntiaaxumrtsae uccrce8oeawusc e 3ana8hoic Typx.,wereuu 117
133BECTKOB$CTble CJIaHI~bI L~EJIHKOM OTHOCFITCH x ORHObIy - HEMBrxgT-
Hohly TI3Hy.
2. B IIpeReJlax KaaKRoro 6oJIEe HJII3 Mexee KpyHHOro BoapacTHOro
noRpaaAeJIeHIIU (He MexbrIIe upyca) BcTpeualoTCU Ho xpa>-lxe>%I Mepe
;~Ba Marxi~Txbix THHa IIopoR.
3. CpERHHe axaucHHU x x In IIo BoapacTHbIM IIoRpaaReJtexxurl
3aBHCfiT OT HaJIHLIHfi IIJIx OTCyTCTBHII TEX HJIII rIHbIX biarHHTHbIX TLIIIOB
IIOpOZ[ x COOTHOHIEHIIfI McSKJ~y HPIMYI.
4. B pa3pe3e OCa;{OiIHOI3' TOJIIIjH c~aIIaJ~HOI3 TypxMEHxx HaME-
TIaeTCH OIIpEJ~eJICHxau JIOKaJIH3aI;HH IIOpOJ~ C Xapal{TepHbIMYI KOMII-
JIeKCaMH MarHHTHbIX C13OI3CTB (T. e. 11IaPHHTHbIX TIIIIOB IIOp Oj{). C1(.'~-
'OeHHO CJIeJ~yG1' OTbIETIiTb: a) IIOBbIIIIEHHble 3HaileHHfI eCTECTBEHHOi3
OCTc`1T0'IHOIi 1~aMaPHHiIEH11OCTH 6aKHHCKHX II KpaCHOIT,I3ETxbIX OTJIO-
iKeIIHi3 ZIeJIeKEHa; 6) BbICOKHE 3HaTIEHIIfI BOCIIpHT3M~IHBOCTH II ECTECT-
BEH$Ox HaMaPHxiIEHHOCTII HaJIEOPeHOBbIX O1'JIO1KEHxII MaJIOPO FiaJl-
XBHa, B) pe3K0 IIOHHiIieHHble, IIO'ITH HyJIEBble 3HaTIP,HxH BOCIIprIIIM-
iIxBOCTH H CCTECTBEHHOI3 OCTaTOiIHOII Ha MarHIILIeHHOCTx H3BECTHSIKOBhIX
ToJtHi Bepsxero McJIa x xeoxoMa - BEpxxeil Iopbl BOJIbIIIOro BaJI-
xaxa, r) o6II;ee nleR~~Iexxoe Hoxxxcex$e cHZ~sy BBepx aHa~Iexxl~ x
g I,~ AJIU TeppxrexHbiX oTJlox;eHHK boJlbuzoro BaJlxaxa, A) xopoIIlylo
BbIj[ep5Ka11HOCTb MaPHHTHbIX CBOHCTI3 BEpXHEIIJI$OI~EHOBbIX OfiJI05KE-
HIIx B rOpII3OH1'aJIbHObi HaIIpaBJICHHYI, IIO-BHJ~xMOMy, B IIpeRe~Iax
Bceii IIpH6aJlxaxcxoii ~eHpeccHH a o6paMJltiIOH~Hx ee ropHl~x coopy-
SKCHIIyI.
MbI yCTaIIOBHJIII, iI1'O B pa3pE3E OCa~OiIHOH TOJIII~H 3aIIaJ~HOx TypK-
MexHH IIpxcyTCTByeT puu THHOB IIopoR, oTJIIIiTaIOII;Hxcu upyr oT
RpyPa HO CBOHbI MaPHHTHbIDI CBOHCTBaM. iITOObI BbIAEJIHTb 3TH TIIIIbi
g oxapaKTEpHaoBaTb xx, paccnloTpxM IIocJIeRoI3aTeJlbxo Ho xaxcRoMy
BoapacTHOMy Ho;~paaueJlexHlo ~IarHHTxbie c13oI~cTBa IIopoR pasJlHUIIOro
O~JIHlia, IIpCJ~CTaBJIEHHbIX B HaIIIEi3 KOJIJIeKIjHII.
B Ta6JI. 18 Hepeulac.nexbl HocJle,~osa'reJlbHO, cl3epxy BxHa, 3TII
IIopo,~bl (BxyTpH Ica;ISRoro I3~~apacTHOro HoRpaaReJlexxx - B IIopuRxe
y6bll3aiorr;eK MarH$THOCTH).
C ;~pyroil cTOpoxbl, xalc IIol:aaaxo B rJI. I, AJtu Toro, KaxoBbi
6yRyT MarHIlTxbie cBO~icTBa IIopoRbl, RaJlexo xe 6eapaaJlH*iHO, B Ica-
xoM BHRe IIpxcyTCTByeT B HopoRe aKeJleao. TOJIbIhO oxltcJlbl x;eJleaa
x ero coeRl~xelll~u, o6paayloII;me MrlHepaJlbl rpyxxbl IIlIIlaxeni~ (Mar-
xeTIIT, xaIIp.) uBJIUxITCU 3~iEppoMarHIITxbInIH H, cJIeAoBaTeJlbxo, Mo-
ryT O6yCJIOBJIIIBaTb BbICOKHC 3Haile$HH BOCHpHIIAItIHBOCTH, II, OCO-
~E$x0 ECTECTBex1fOI3 OCTaTOLIHOx HaMaPHH~ieHHOCTx HOpOj(bI, TOr~{a
KaK BCE OCTaJIbHbIE eP0 COeJ~HHEHxFI, Kax HpaBHJIO, IIapaMaPHIITHbI.
YIcxoRu xa aTHx coo6paaKeHHiI, MbI crpyIIIIHpoBaJtII Bce oIIpo6o-
Baxxbie o6paaubl IIo i~x paci~BeTKe H pacxoJlo~ICIIJIx 3TII rpyIIIIbl
B IIopuRKe, cooTBETCTByIOH;enI IIepexo~y oT oxpacox, xapaxTepr3aylo-
II~IIX BoccTalloBxTeJlbxbie ycJloBHU, K oKpacxaM, yxaabisaloII;IIM IIa
oxIICJIFITeJIbxyIO cpe~y. XOTU BHyTpII KaxsRoK rpyIIIIbI BapIIai;xII
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
/lopo8~r 6aKUHCK020 npyca
n=93
3~0 - GO 010 cgsm In
0 f0 0 30 40.106cgsm x 0 1~~
30~ 50-~
~r
0 1 20 30 40 5 ?10 cgsm ~
/lopo8e+ anruepa~cKOeo npyc~
n=f02
0 f0 ZO 30 60~f0 ?cgsm
so~
/lopo8a aKVat~ncrcoio ~vyca
n = f95
20 3 40 50.16 cgsm x 0 f0 20 30 4 ?10 cgsm ~"
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
>7opoBbr Kpac~rnuBemaou c~tumac
20 n =1229
>0
/lopo86c naneozeNa
n = 269
f0 20 ,?0 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1f0 120.10-6cgsm
Pxc. 24. MarxxTxbie cso~czsa xa~xoaoHCxgx "ocaRogx~x xoMxnexcos 3axagxoH Typxa~exxx;
n - ggcaio xaygexxsix o6paaRos.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~~ ~ /lopoas~ B NezOMP?B
/lopoa~ BepxHezo ~rppeMa,
anma, anb6a, ceaoMaya
n =228
r
f0
0 10 2 ~f0 cgsm I?
90 ~ ~ f7opoa'm 4epxdeu ropa~-HeoKOroa
? n=76
~ 1
0
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n=184
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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$a Bcex. ORHaxo B cpeRHeM aRecb x $ In axau$Te.rrbxo H$xse, xeM
R~Ix HopoA $epsblx RByx rpyxH, xp$~IeM x$ax$ H axaueHxx Inlx.
Bce aTO xopoxlo cor.aacyeTCx c $peAHO~IOx{ex$eM, ~ITO Marx$Txble
csoKCTBa sT$x HopoA o6yc~IOB,aeHbl B ocxosxoM, c~eppoazarHxTxbIMI3
cocTaB~Ixlolq$M$ $epBOK rpy$xbI - pyRHbIM$ aepxaM$ MarxeT$Ta,
oT xpoueHTxoro coAepx{ax$x xoTOpblx $ aaB$cslT Be~I$~I$xa x $ I,~,
Iio.ne6.nxcb B HI$polt$x HpeAe~Iax.
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3HaLIeH$fiX x, OTJI$TIaIOTCfI xOH$?If(',I3HbIM$ BeJI$LI$HdM$ In $ In/x.
~OJIbIII$x 3HatIeHxH x $ In 3J~eCb He BCTpeiiaeTCH. BCE 3T0, $O-B$j;$-
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HoH cTe$ex$ o$pe~e.iraloTCx xapaMarx$THbIM$ M$Hepa~IaM$. Z[.nx
3eJIe$bIX HOpOj( 3T0 MO?IfeT ijblTb PJIayICOH$T, J~JIFI TOMHO-CepblX $ LIep-
HbIX - C$J~ep$T. EcTecTBeHxax OCTaTOiI$aFI Ha MarH$LIeHHOCTb, ICOPI~a
OHa $MeeTCH, OrOflaaHa, HO-B$,IS$MOMy, (~eppOMarHIITHbIM xp$MCCfiM
B aTxx M$xepa~Eax. B HexoTOpblx c~Iy~Iaslx, B03MO~I{x0, $rpaloT po.rtb
$ pyRHble aepxa MarxeTllTa.
HsITbIi3 $ IxecTOl~ T$xbI xpeRcTaB.nexbl $opoRaM$ c $aBlexeH$xMx,
xoTOpble Mo:IrHO xstacc$c~$I;$poBaTb xax - B xep-
BoM c.ny~Iae B oK$c~IIlTesbxoH, a Bo BTOpoal - B BoccTaxoBxTe.nbxoH
cpeRe. Hopo~bl HslTOro T$Ha, xp$ yMepexHblx axa*Iex$sIx x, uacTo
OT.TI$~IaIOTCSi HOBbII$eHHbIM$ 3HaiIOH$fIM$ I.,, $ Inlx, ~ITO y1{aabIBaeT
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:I$MOH$T $, M05KeT ~DbITb, OTtIaCT$ reMaT$T. HOpOJ~bI xIBCTOI'O T$$a -
3T0, B OCHOBHOM, BTOp$TIHO $3M0HOHHbIC xOpOJ(bI xepsoro TIIxa, xo-
TepsBxl$e csolo xepsoxa~Ia~Ibxylo xpacxylo ospacxy, $, c~IeRoBa-
Te~Ibxo, ~IHIH$Bnz$ecR reMaT$Ta. ~T$ $opoRbl $MeIOT, xo cpaBHex$Io
c xopoRaM$ $epBOro T$$a, o~Iexb H$as$e axaueH$x In, Tor,~a xax x
ymexbxzaeTCSI IIe B Taxol3 c$.abHOH cTexex$. IIp$poAa x $ In aRecb,
Ho-B$u$MOMy, Hoc$T cMeHlaxHblH XapaxTep; B o6paaosax$II o61tjel~
Bocxp$$M=I$BOCT$ yxacTByloT ocTaTx$ renlaT$Ta, $apaMarx$Txbze
co~I$ x{e~Ieaa - $poRyl{TbI ero $aMexex$sI $ coxpaH$BxI$ecx pyRxble
aepxa, ec.a$ oH$ $Me.ir$cb; xepsblK $ xocsteRxIIK $a sTxx xoM$oxex-
TOB OTBBTCTBOHHbI Taxx{e $ 3a HBJI$9$e eCTOCTBOHHOII OCTaTOLIHOI3
Ha MarH$LIeHHOCT$.
CieJ~bMO$ T$$ xOpOR XapaI{Tep$ayCTCFI O'Iexb x$aK$M$ 3HaileH$HM$
x $ I,,. 3Aecb Marx$Txble cBOHCI'Ba $opoRbl o$peRe~ExIOT, B ocxoBxoht,
xopoAoo6paaylo$~$e M$xepa~Ibl - A$aMarx$Txbze (I{asbi;$T) $ c,aa6o
xapaMarH$Txble (IiBapu, rnxx$cTble M$xepa.irbl). He6o.ablx$e Be.a$-
Y$Hbi eCTBCTROHHOi3 OCTaTOiIHOI3 HaMaPH$ilexxOCT$, xOSiBJISIIOII~$eCH
$HOrRa B aT$X HopoRax, BblaBaxra c~IeuaM$ ~IeppoMarx$THbIx M$xe-
pa~zos.
9 A. x. YPann~s
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~. BeKTOp eCTCCTBCHH013 OCTBTOiIHOLi IIaMaPHHIIeHHOCTH
OCaj[O*IHbIX HO~-OR e3aH1J~H073 TypKMCHHH H J~peBHee MaPHHTHOe
HOJIe 3eMJIH
06u?ue aa>#otco.,~epxocmu pacnpeaerce}cuss wanpae.ze~cuu I,q
EcT'ecTBeHHasl ocraT'o~IHasI xaMarx$~IexxocTb xay~Iexxbix HopoA,
KaK 6blJio xolsasaxo B HpeAblRyli;eM pas~eJle rJlasbi, BapH$pyeT Ho
cBOeI3 BeJIIILIxHC B OiIOxb IIifIpOKIIX IIpeJ~eJIaX. c~TO CBFI3aH0 He TOJIbKO
c pasJlxuxbiM coRep~KaxxeM c~eppoMarxxTxbix M$xepaJloB s xopoz~ax,
Ho TaKxse Is c TeM, B KaxoK $Mexxo c~opMe Hp$cyTCTByIOT aTra ml~xe-
paJlbl. HaMH 6blJie BbIJ~eJI0H0 Cebib MaPHHTHbIX TxxOB IIOpOJ~; eCTe-
CTBCHHafi OCTaTOTIHafI HaMaPHIItIeHHOCTb KaSIfJ~OPO TaKOPO TIIIIa CBII-
3aIIa C pa3JIxTIHbIM$ MHHepaJIaMII, B03$fIKJIa Ha pa3xbIx CTa~ITIIX c~Op-
M$porlax$a xopoR II RoJialsxa 6bIJIa IfaieTb paaJlHxxylo cyRb6y. Bce
aTO xe MorJlo xe cxaaaTbcx TaKxse $ xa HaxpasJlexHIl BexTOpa ecTe-
CTBexIIOx OCTaTOLIHOx HaMaPHHTIeHHOCTH, 06yCJIOBHB eP0 pa3JIYI~IHOe
8 3aTiaCTyIO CJIO}ISHOe COJ~ep?KaHxe.
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MO?KHO IIpIII3TTd K 3aisJIlOileHLiIO, LITO HaHpaBJIOHHIi BeKTOpOB eC1'CCT-
IteHIIOx OCTaTOLIHOx HaMaPHxLIeHHOCTIi HaCTOJIbKO pa3HOOr)pa3xb[, LITO
BCTpeiIaIOTCH HO~ITH JIIO~Oble 3HaileHIISI D H J. O~xaxo xp$ 6oJiee BHx-
MaTOJIbHOM paCCM07'peHHH MO}KHO 3aM8TIITb, TITO OLIexb TiaCTO BCKTOpa
eCTOCTBOIIHOx OCTaTOTIHOI3 HaMaP$IiilexxOCT$ rpyxII$pyloTCa Boxpyr
Tpex xpefiMylI~ecTBeHllbix xaxpaBJiexxl~: xepBOro - 6JIH3KOP0 K co-
BpeMeiixoriy xaxpaHJICHHIO MarxHTHOro xoJla 3eMJIH (c yxeTOnl Ho-
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BOHOJIOHfHOPO H TpeTbGPO-HaHpaBJIC;xIIfI, COOTBOTCTByI0IIj0P0 HaMaPHH-
~IHBaHxIO B COBpeMeHHOM MaPH1ITI-IOM xOJIO c~OMJIx, y?K0 xOCJIO C~OpMH-
posall$x cT'pyKTyp. ORHaISO ~acTO BcTpegaloTCx x xpoMe>KyT'o~Illbie
HaxpaBneH$x, a TaKxse - , IsaK 6yRTO 6bI coBepHleHHo
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xpHI3TH K BbHIOAy, LITO KaxsRoe Boapac: ,floe xoRpaaReJiexHe oTJIH-
~iaeTCSI cso$M, ToJlbxo eniy Hp$cyH;Hnt, pacxpe~e.neHH:eM xa$paB>Ie-
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HeTpyJ~HO 3aM#TIITb, ~ITO 3T0 pa3JIIIiIHe OHpe{(',JIHf%TCFI He TOJIbKO
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COCTaB OTJIO}KeHHYI YI TeM, B IiaKyIO CTOpOHy H fIOJ~ KaKHM yPJIOM Ha-
ISJIOHOHbI CJIOg. B03J~exCTBxe 3THX I~aKTOpOB I3a HaIIpaBJIOHHC BeKTOpa
CCTOCTBe$HOH OCTaTOiIHOH HanIaPHldiiexHOCTII B03M05KH0 TOJIbISO B TOM
cJlyuae, KorRa eCTeCTBOHHafI OCTaTO~IHafI Ha MaPHIItIeHHOCTb kiX tIa-
CTI3LIH0 gJl$ xOJiHOCTbIO HeCTa~HJIbHa BO BpeMOHH. HeCTa6xJIbHOCTb
3Ta xpeAcTaBJrxeT co6ol~ j;Jtsi B{eJieH KoppeJixl~flH oTJloxseHHK Kpa13He
xexsenaTenbxoe flsJlex$e, KoTOpoe RoJiSKHO cHJlbxo aaTpyAxxTb co-
HocTaBazexxe paapeaoB, ecJlx He HaHTII cxoco6a cro yxllTbnlaTb.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
ESxxcTBeHHbIH :Ice MbICJIII:~IbIIi B .HacTOxTi;ee Bpe~za HauealcxblH HYTr:
yxeTa HOCTa~IIJIbHOCTII - BbIHI3JIeH1Ie IIOJII[OCTbIO HCCTa6IIJIbHbIX IlopoR,
IIcxJIIO~IeHIIe Hx Ha pacc~IOTpeIIHH II oxepIIpoBaHIIe ToJlbxo TeM>3
J~aHHbIMII, $OTOpbIE IIOJIy=ICHbI IIpH IlaytlC$IIII CTa~HJIbHbIX IIOpOR,
c ocTOpoalcxblM IIpIIBJIe=IeHIIeM ~{aHHblx IIo IIopoAaM uacTH~HO I~ecTa-
6IIJIb1IbIM. TaICOII OTCOp J~aHHbIX TICGOXOJ~HM HC TOJIbKO HpII peHICHIIi3
aap{a=1 xoppeJIHI;IIII II pac=IJteHeHHH ocaRoTlHbzx ToJIH~, Ho II IIpII pe-
HIeH1ur JIIO6bIx ApyrIIX BonpocoB, cBaaaxxblx c BoccTaxoBJleIIHeM
RpeBllero MarHIITHOro HoJlx 3eMJIIr.
TBIiIIM of paaonl, t{JIH HoJlyueHHx MaTCpHaJIOB. IcoTOpbie MoryT
i~bfTb IIcHOabsoBaHbl c ueJlblo xoppeJlnuHII~iT pac~JlcHCHHH ocaAo~xblx
~~o~Iiq, IIeo~XOp;xMO ynleTb oxpeReJxuaeT'cx cT'epeorpac~Hgeclcoi3 xpoexl~xei~ pi~c. 366, xoT'opasl
xapaicTepi~ayeT xaxpaBJlexxe ecT'ecTBeHiioi3 ocTaTOUxoI~ xa>vlarHIIUCH-
HOC?TI3~? >iCCJITbIX H COpbIX HBCtiaHHICOB I~paCHOI~B0TH013 CBIITbI Ma-
JIOrO 1JaJIXaHa. B BTIIX OTJI05ICCHLIFIX xOpOZ[bt Tj)CTberO TxHa IIIII-
pol;o pacxpocT'paHex6l.
TIOpOJ);bI tieTBepTOI'O THxa, xpeJ~CTaBJIexI1bI0 3eJICxbIMx, T0MH0-
CepbIMx H ilepHbIMI3 Hf,'CLIaIIHIiaMx, aJIeBpOJIxTaMx, rJIHHaMx H Mepre-
.IIHMx, xOLITIl HaIjeJIO CJIaraIOT TCppxrexHyIO TOJIII):y CCIIOMaHa - BepX-
IierO 6appcMa TO:[bIlIOI'O Fa:[Xa}}a }~r ;Sonorrbxo rIIHporco pacIIpocTpa-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
HOHbI BO MHOI'IIX ApyrxX II3yLIeHHbIX OTJIO?xeHIIFIX. ~' CTCCTBOHHaa OCTa-
TO~IHaa HaMaPHI3iI0IIHOCTb 31'IIX HOpOj[, B TOM CJIytIae, KOrj{a OHa
IIMCOTCa, CBa3aHa, xO-Bxj~IIDIOMy, C xpxMOCaMH OKxCdIOB 3lfeJie3a
B IIapilMarHIITIibIX MHHepaJlaX, a xxOPJ~a TaK}ICe H C pyJ~HbIMT3 3epHaMII
i}IarHCTIITa. Q~IOBHI~HO, 3J~eCb BEKTOp In JIHIIIb OTIeHb peRKO MoxceT
COBxaJ~aTb x0 HaIIpaB.TIexHIO C BOKTOPOM 8ebIHOI'O MarHIITHOPO IIOJIH
aIIOxII o6paaoaaxxa oca,-~xa. Ha KpyroBbix ~~xarpaMMax IIopoRbl *IeT-
BepTOro TIIHa no~ITH xe HoJIyxH~ix oTpaaxeHIIa, Tax xax B rpoMaRxoM
o'oJlbxlxxcTBe cJly~IaeB IIx ecTecTBexxaa ocTaTOaxaa xaMarxIIUex-
xocTb 6blJia nieHblllc 3 10-6CGSM. Bce Slse paR To~Iex xa xpoexuIIax
(cM. plic. 296 II ~9) COOTBOTCTByIOT o6paauaM IIOpOA 3TOP0 THIIa;
BO BCEX cJlyxaaX OHH yxa3bIBaK)T Ha iIaCTxiIHOe xJIII xOJiHOe IIepCMar-
HHiIIIBaxxe.
IIopoAbl HaTOro Txna - 6ypbie x oxpxczble IIectlalixxII II a,ireB-
poJIIITbI - BcTpexaloTCSI cpeAII IIaJleorexoBbix II Iopcxxx oTJloxcexxii
EoJrbiHOro baJlsaxa. EcTecTBexxaa ocTaTO~IHaa xaMarxIIxexxocTb
3THX HOpOJ~ MO?ICeT 6bITb CBa3aHa Kax C JIxbIOHYITOM BTOpIIiIHO7'O xp0-
xCXOrICJ~eHxa, TaK II C COXpaxxBxIIIM13Ca pyJ~H]iIMII 3CpHaMII MarHe-
'CIITa, iIaCTO, BepOHTBO, MapTHTx3IIpOBaHHbIMx, c~TO OIIpeJ~e7laeT Ma-
JiyK) BepOHTHOCTb TOPO, TITO 3Z[eCb MO}ICHO BCTpeTHTb TaKIIe O~pa3I~bI,
BeKTOp eCTOCTBexHOH OCTaTOlIHOH HaMarHxLIOHHOCTH KOTOpbIX OTpa-
ixaeT }'[peBHOC MarI1xTHOe xOJIe 3eDIJIII. CiTepeOrpa(~IITICCKIIe IIpOCKI~IIII
p1lc. 37 a H 41 IIoxaablBax)T, xTO oT,notxeHxa, rRe BcTpellaloTCa IIopoRbi
xaTOI'O TIIIIa, ~IaCTxTIxO IIJIx IIOJIHOCTbIO HepeMarHIIilexbI B COBpeMOH-
HOM 3eMHOM MaPHHTHOM xOJIe.
IueCTOIi TLIH IIOpO~ Ol~pa3yIOT BTOpIIiIHO OKpaIIIOHHbie ICOMIIO-
HCHTbI IICCTpOI~BBTHbIX TOJIx~ - xpaCHOI~BOTxOx CBIITbI zIeJlexexa II
IIaJIEOI'ella R'IaJloro baJlXaHa - 3eJIeHble, 3eJI0HOBdTO-Cepble II rOJIy-
'OOBaTbIG PJIHNbI, aJIOBpOJIHTbI x aJIOBpxTIICTble IIOCTiaHIIKII. e~TII
HOpOJ~bI HO~BeprJIIICb BTOpIITIHbTM II3MCHCHIIaM, BbIpa3IIBIIIIIMCa
B yHIIiIT0i1C('HxII OxxCJIUB i1CCJleBa, B TOM TIxCJie H B IIepB\'IO OtlepeJ~b -
TOH:xOpa000HHHOI'O r0~1aTHTa, C xOTOpbIM 6blJia CBa3aHa CTa6IIJIbHaH
OCTaTO9IIaa HBMarxYITTexxOCTb. Ha6JIIOJJ;aeMaH B xaCTOaIB,ee BpeMa
eCTeCTBeHIIaa OCTaTOTIHaa xaMarHIILIexHOCTb CBa3aHa 3J~eCb, OHC-
BHRHO, c coxpaxHBBIHMHCa ~IacTIIuaMII oxxcJloB (a coxpaxHTbcR
MorJrH, B Hepsyio oucpeRb, xax6oJiee Kpyxxbie xa HIIx), BTOpII~IxbIMx
HpoRyxTaMx IIx IiaMexexxa, a TaKxce c pyAHbIMH sepxaMII, ecJ1II oxII
xMeJrIICb. Tc1KIIM o6paaonl, ecTecTBexxaa ocTaTOxHasl HaMarHII~Iex-
HOCTb 3TIIX HopoA B xacTOax;ee BpeMa, xax HpaBH~to, yxce xe IIMeeT
HIIKaxoro oTHOxzexHa x ,~peilxeMy MarHIITxoniy rlo.nlo 3eMJlx (pxc. 32).
~.e~(bMOH THx HOpO~'~ O~Opa3yK)T BOCbMa CJIa6OMarHISTHble II3BeCT-
HaKH, MCpreJIH, rJIIIHbI x xeCilaHIIKx, HOiITII He IIMeK)x;xe B CBOeM
COCTaBO COeR1IH0HIIx SKeJIe3a. I'~.CT0CTB0HHaa OCTaTO*IHaa HaMaPHIIiIBH-
HOCTb 3J~eCb B HOJ~aBJIaIOx;eM ~OJIbIHHHCI'BO c~[y*~aeB xpaKTII*~ecKi~
paBHa HydTtO. IIOpORbI 3TOr0 THHa IIOJIHOCTbIO CJIaraIOT x3BOCT}IaKO-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
sr~e Toatu;x Bepxxero nze~a x xc>oxoMa - aepxxeH iop~ Bonbmoro
Ba~xafza x BeTpe~aioTCR Taxxce a aepxxe~te~oshzx oTxoxcexsxx Ma-
.aoro ~a,axa~za.
OopaTxMCx xenocpe~cTBex~zo x xa~toxcexH~o uar~Fi~x, xacaio~gxcR
xaupar~~erzuA BexTOpa ecTecTBe.tiiioii ocTaTO~irtoir i~aMar~zx~exxocTra
ocaAoiitlbrx nopop{ 3artaRtioH 1'ypt~Mex~ix.
~lem~tepinu~a~taae u aepa;~~en~uoi~eKOeaae om,~oarce~us~
bax~zxcx~ie oT.noxcexHx T-Ie.nexerza r~peucTas~ex~ s xauze~ xo.n-
.aexu~zx r.na~sx~ht o6paaorz poaosaTO-xop~~uxeBbi~zrz, cepoBaTo-xopH~-
He13hIM~ ~{ CCpbI3lGI rJI1~HabTII, c~T~[ rJIFtf~bI 06bIzI$O ROBOJIb$O CI3JIbH0
1&0
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6axxxci:oro xpyca (Qg) ile~zexexa:
1 - rraxpan~rexux In, cxpoexTnponaxxhre xa Tzxxcxcoro noaipc~epy; 2 - cpeAxee aaxpasnexxe
fin; 3 - xaxpannexrre xepeh[arxxvxnaxrirr.
azarxxTxbz (.I?ep - 10,4 10-6CGSM) x ~praxa~.ne>xaz x ~epsoMy s
sTOpoMy ~tar~zi~zTxbsrz ~~~na~z. Bce o6paaur~ r[oxaas~sa~oT corxac~z~e
MeaxAy co6o~ aaaxexsx cx~oxe~zsx ra xax~oxexHx BexTOpa ocTaTO~-
Ho~ xaMarxH*~exxocl~H (pxc. 28); cpeRxHe Bx Be~x~xx~ (Dep = 11,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ila:xeo.nxa2xurrxxaae uccrxe8oearxusx a 3ana8nou Typx.~xexuu 135
J~p = 54) CJI$3KH K cospeMexxblM 3xaLI0HHfiM MaPHIITHOPO CHJIOHe-
HHfI II MarHHTxoro xaK~IOxeHHSI (Do = 5, Jo = 58). Cg~IbxaH Mar-
HIITHOCTb, xpYIHaRJIeSISHOCTb IIOpO].~ K CTa6HJIbHbIM MarHgTxbIM TH-
IIaM, MaJIbIYI pa36pOC BeKTOpOB eCTeCTBeHHOYI OCTaTOiIH013 xaMarxl~-
~IexxocTH H H0B03M0}iSHOCTb 06'bSiCHOHHSI Ha6JIIOZ(aeMOro xaxpaBJle-
xIISI I? HaMarxr~uxBaxxeM B cospeMexxoM MarxIITHOM Ho~Ie 3eMnH
(H~IacTI~I Ha~aloT xa IOB 141 xoR yrnaMg 10-40?) roBOpxT O TOM,
LITO IIOJIyLIeHHble 3xa~I0HIISI Dcp H Jcp eCTb 3JieM0HTbI J;peBxePO MaP-
HBTHOPO HOJIH 30hIJIII B JJ;aHHOH TO~IKe B MOMOHT OTJI05IieHHH 3TYiX
OCaJ{KOB, T. e. B 6aKgHCKgK BeK. OTMOTgM O]~xx OileHb Ba1KHbIH
c~aKT: Hx OJ~HH 06pa3el( 6aKHxcKxX OTJIO?KeHHI3 He xOKa3aJi 06paTHOI3
HaMarxH~IexxocTr3. He 6bIJI0 o6Hapyxcexo xx H cpeRr~ Iaay*Iexxbix
xaMH xopoR 6o~Iee Mo~IORoro-xHxcxexaaapcxoro BoapacTa, rAe
20 o6paauoB, co6paxxblx xa LIe~Iexexe, Ra.aH Dip = 2, J~p = 53.
AHxzepoxcKHir slpyc (Neap) xa Ioxcxoal KpbIJIe zIe~Iexexcxol~
cK~taRxx xpeRcTaB~Iex To.abxo csoHM Hx~Kxr~M x xBxcxel~ ~acTblo cpeA-
Hero HoRT,slpyca. 8Ta To~Ilt;a HpeRcTaB~Iexa B Ko~I~IeKi;i3g o6paauaMB,
oTO6paxxblMx xo BceK Ko,noxxe HapaMr~ uepes KaaKRble 15-20 .~.
Cepble H KopHxxesaTO-cepble, cr3.abxo a~IespxTIICTble r~Ii~[xbI g a.aes-
pOJIgThI, OTHOCFIII~xecst K xepBOMy H BTOpOMy MarxlITxbIM TI3xaM,
IIO HaIIpaB7IeHIIIO eCT0CTB0HHOx OCTaTOiIHOI3 Ha MaPHxtICHHOCTLi pe3K0
,~e~IHTCx Ha RBe rpyxHbl. ~JIH xepsox Dip = 1, J~p = 41, a ~[~ISI
BTOpoI~ - Dip = 159, J~p = -24 (pr~c. 29 a), CTepeorpaMMbl Ho-
KaablBaloT peaKOe xecooT'BeTCTBxe HaxpaBSexxi~ In sTYix rpyxx xa-
IIpaBJIeHIIIO xepeMarxIIiIHBBHHFi. MaPHHTHaH CTa6YIJIbHOCTb x xpsHa~-
Jie}I~xOCTb HOpOR K HepBOMy H BTOpOMy MaPHHTxbIM TIIIIaM yKa3bIBaIOT
xa TO, IITO IIOJIy~IeHHbIC 3HaxeHgx D x J eCTb 3JIeM0HTbI j~ByX 000TOx-
HHI3 3eMHOPO blaPxHTxoPO HOJIH B HI31KHe- H cpeRxeaxIIlepoxcxoe
BpeMSI. LIepxble H TeMHO-cepble r~Ixxbl axmepoxa o6xapyxcx~Ix ua-
cT13~IHyIO HJIi3 Ho~txylo xecTa6HalbxocTb In (pgc. 29 6).
I~IHTepecxo oTMeTr3Tb, uTO xH3bI ra caMble Bepxx Tonn;H HaMarHg-
~exbl HopMa.abxo, TorAa KaK Bcx cpeuxxx, 6o,nbmaH xacTb Konoxxg
aaxHTa o6paTHO HaMarxH~Iexxr~IMYI xopoRaMx (xaxpaB~Iexz3e ~IacTZ3uxo
xepeMarxxuexxblx o6paauos aAecb TaKaKe yxaablBaeT Ha To, ~ITo
xepBOxauanbxo oxx 6bl.ax xaMarxH~Iexbl o6paTxo).
AxmepoxcKIIe oT.aoalc?xHH Hsy~Ia~Igcb HaMx TaxaKe Ha Iflopex-
Rare, rAe oHH HpeRcTaB~Iexbl, xo I'. YI. IIoxoBy [1956] csoeg cpeRxel~
~acTblo. 3Recb paaBIITbI xpexMyl~ecTSexxo cseT~IO-xopx~xesble
a~IespHTIICTi~Ie r~IHHbI x cepble a~IeBpxTbl, KoT'opble Taxxce Moxcxo
OTHOCTH K HepBOMy YT BTOiIOMy MaPHHTHbIM THIIaM. ~O HaIIpaBJI0HIII0
eCTOCTBOHHOx OCTaTOLIHOg HaMaPHHileHHOCTH 3jlecb BbIJ~eJiSiIOTCfi RBe
rpyxxbl: c D,;p = -10, J~p = 36 x Dip = 188, J~p = -45.
HOpMaJIbHO YI 06paTH0 HaMaPHxLIeHHble O~pa3I~bI x0 KOJIOHKe 3J~ecb
rpyxxBpyloTCSI B *IepeRylox;xecx Rpyr c Rpyronl aoxbl HopMa.nbxoA
H 06IlaTHOI3 HaMaPHxLIOHHOCTH. OJI;HaKO H006XOJ~xMO OTMOTgTb, TiTO
xpgpoRa aTOro ~IepeRosaxllx B xacTOxn;ee BpeMx xe MoxceT c*IH-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
E'HC. 29. Hanpasarexge eczecTSexxoii oc7~aTOV~ioii aa:~rarxxgeaaoc~~x oi;ioxceHRii an~epoacxoro Rpycr~ `Ie~exeaa: a) cepare x
xopgvxeso-ceprte r~xnlii ~ azespH~rtr, 6) ~tePar~e rngtibr.
- xanpaB,nea~ia Imo, cnpoexTUponaxHbie xa t~iix;xioio nonycq~epy; 2 - xanpas,neHnr~ In capoe~hTi~posasahre xa sepxacuro rionyc~pepy;
3 - epeAxee tianpan.nexrie In ~i (c.ilo$ HaualoT xa ceBep $oR yrJroM 30?) 1T, lzo-BH~$MOmy,
xp$6J1$;xexllo coBxaAaeT c xarlpaBJteHI3eM ,~peBHero MarHHTHOro
xo.nH B xa~IaJle aKilarbiJTbcxoro Bcxa.
EoJlee xoJlxble paapeabl alcxarbTJla ~bTJIII $syueHbT Hannr xa MaJIOM
liaJrxaxe $ I{IOpeHAare.
Ha MdJIOM BaJlxaxe aK~iarbTJl cJlo:Kex rJIaIIxI,TM oEipaaoM poao-
BbIMH 13 CBCTJIO-KOp$i1HCBbIR1IT P.TI$xaMH, 1COTOpbIC DIO}ICIIO 01'H8C1'H
K xepsomy Marx$THOMy T$xy. O,~xaKO cJleAyeT oTMeT$Tb, =ITO sT$
xopol~T~I B ueJlolvl aHau$TeJlbxo cseT.nee ol:pauzeHbT II 1,zeHCe mzarxHTxT~I,
TICM xapaKTepxble HopoRT~I aTOro T$xa. I~aK xoxaabTBaeT p$c. 306,
o6paal~I~ paccMaT'pHBaeMblx xopo~ o6xapyx~$BaIOT canlble paaJlH~Ixble
CTOIICH$ CTaf7$JIbHOCT$ - OT xOJIxOCTbIO HCCTa613JIbHI,IX, KOTOpbI11i
OTlieilaIOT TOTTKH, JIOICaJI$3yIOH;$CCff rjJi$3 HaIIpaBJICH$H nepeMarHH-
'I$BaH$H J~O CyH;CCTBCHHO CTa6HJIbHbIX. HCCM01'pFl xa TIaCT$lIHyiO
HCCTaOr$JIbHOCTb In, Orjpa3l~bI xOKa3bIBaxIT ACHyIO TCHJ~CHI;$IO K pa3-
ReJlex$IO xa ABe rpyHxbT c xpoT$BOxoJTOxcxbTM$ Ha$paBJreH$HMH
In: o6JlacTb, 3aHHTafI Ha CTepE',OrpaMDTC TOYKaM$, C1TJIbHO BbITHHyTa
B $axpaBJIeI3H$ CCBep-IOr. 1'.CJIIT $CKJIIOTI$Tb TOTTKH, JIC~IialI;HC C) JI$3
HaxpaBJICH$H $epeMarH$iI$B8H$II, TO CpeJ~II$e 3Ha~ICHHH CKJIOHCH$H
H HaKJloxex$x RJISI aT$x rpyxx 6yAyT: Din = -15, J~.T, = 40 x D?p =
= 173, Jan = -3. XapalcTep pacxpeueJiexHx To~ex xa cT'epeorpaMMe
ROKa3bIB8CT, LITO Ha xOCJIeAH$e I~x1~pbI C$JIbHO xOBJI$HJIH ~IaCTTi~iHO
IIepeMaPH$LICHHble O~pa3I;I,I. HC06XOJ~$MaFI xOlIpaliiCa ijbIJla BBCJ{eHa
C xOMOlI~bIO Kpyra IIE'pCMBr.Hri`I$BaHHH: 1'O~IKa (D~n , Jar ) ObIJIa Hp0-
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_.
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
iB0
Pac. 30. Hanpasnexxe ecTecTSeaHOI~ ocTazo2xoi~ xaNiarxllgeaxocTx sepxxennxol~exonbix oTnoxcex~ifi:
a) axYarr~nbcxge x anmepoxcxae oTnoxcexxx I{fopeHRara, 6) axgarl~zbcxxe oT:IOxcexxx Manoro Sanxaaa.
1 - xanpaxnexnx In, enpoexTxposaxxate xa xxxcxtoio nonycc~epy; 2 - xanpaenexnn Ia, enpoexTxposaxxa[e xa sepxxioio nonyct~epy;
3 - cpeAxee xanpasnexne In Zna rpyRx~ xoptianaxo xan~arxnvexx~x nopo7[, npoexuxx xa xxxsxioio nonyc~epq; I - cpeRxee xanpaene-
xne h, inn rpynnr3 o6paTxo xa~iarxuvexxa~x nopoR, npoeHUnn xa nepxxioio nonyc$epy; 5 - npoesnnx xpyra nepemarxxvFiaaxxx n cpe~xer
xanpasnexre ln, ucxpasaexnoe c yyeTOm vacr~tvxorn nepe~~~arxtivnsaxxx; 6 - xanpaa.Texrie nepemarxuvisax~i;+.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
,~BgxyTa BRoalb xpyra Ro ypoBxfl rpyHHbl To>Iex, xaxoo.nee y,ga~IeH-
xblx oT xanpaB.ilexxx xepeMarBr~TIIIBaxIISI, I:oTOpble, IIo BceH BepofiT-
HocTS, cooTBeTCTByIOT cTa6H,abxblal o6paTxo xaMarxHxexxblM o6paa-
z;aM. IIo~IyueHxble axa*IexHx DPI, = 176, J~p - -41 Mox.xo cuII-
TaTb HpH6.axxcexxblMH xapaxTepHCTxxaMr3 xepsoxa*Ia.abHOro Ilaxpa-
Balexxx In J~.iIfl rpyHHbl o6paTHO HaMarxx~Iexxblx xopoA.
HopMa.nbxo II o6paTxo xaMarxH~Iexxble o6paar;bl ~toxa~IxayloTCx
B paapeae ax~Iarbl.na oxpeRe~IexHbIM o6paaoM: B caMbIx xllaax H B Bep-
xax To~IH~H Ha6nIORaloTCx HopMa.nbxble HaxpaB~IeHHfI In, a cpeRuxx,
o'o~tbmax ~IacTb ee aaxslTa o6paTEIO HaMarxH~Iexxbintr3 HopouaMx.
Ha IflopeHRare cpez~xxsl =IacTb paapeaa ax>Iarbl.nbcxoro xpyca
Tax;xe Hpe-~cTaB~ICxa c rleT.?IO-xopBxxeBblalr~ rJIHLIabtIl HepBOro Mar-
xxTHOro THHa. .~TH r.nllxbl HaMarHHUeHbI o6paTxo (DAP = 184, JAI, _
_ -49). Hr3alcxxB ziacTb paapeaa II Bepxx c.noxceHbl xouTx HeMar-
xHTxblMx HopoAaMII.
IToReepxHBaeM TOH1J~eCTBeHHOCTb xaMexexxir HaxpaB~Iexxx Ho
BCOM YIayileHHbIM paapeaaM. e~Ta TO?ii~eCTBOHHOCTb IIpOHBJ[HeTCfi He
TOJIbKO B HpeRe~Iax xaxoro-~IH6o oRxoro paHOxa - Ma.aoro ba,a-
xaxa x~I>3 I{IOpeHAara (rRe 6bIJI0 xayuexo Ho RBa paapeaa), Ho II Ho
BCex xCCJIeROBaHHOI3 TeppxTOpHYI. YYIYITbIBaA 3T0 OCCTOfiTeJIbCTBO,
a Taxaxe HpIIxaR.ne~ICxocTb nopoR 1; Hepsorly MarxllTxomy Txny H
BO3M0?IfHOCTb BbIJ~eJIeHxII J~aHHf,[X, OTHOCAH;IIXCFI I{ MarHYITHOCTaGIIJIb-
HbIM OOpaal(aM, MO1KH0 Cj{eJIaTb C~IeZ(yIOx;He BbIBOJ~bI: 1) MarxIITHOe
xOJIe 3eMJI$, HMefI B xaLIaJIe alc~arbIJIbCICOPO Bexa 3HaIi COBpeMeH-
Iloro xoxx, aaTeM HpemepnesaeT xHBepcxlo H B TexeHHe 6oabnzeH
=IacTII Bexa ocTaeTCx o6paTxblM, cxoBa cnleHxslcb HopMa~Ibxb~nl B IcoHue
ax>Iarbl~Ia; 2) xaK~eHHble Be~Ix>IIIHbI D~~, x Jon fIB~IfIIOTCx HpH6ng-
xcexxblMx axa=IeHxsIM~I s,aeMexTOB aeMHOro NlarxeTHanla B 3axaRxog
TypKMeHHH B'TO BpeMx - j{JIfI AByx COCTOIIHI3I3 3CDIHOPO MarxFITHOPO
HOJIFI.
I{'pacxo~eemxa..~ ceurrz~l
I~pacxouBeTxasl cBxTa LIe~texella xaH6osec rroraTO xpeucraB.aexa
B HaIIIeI~ xo~I~Ieni~r~x - TpeTbe~I TlacTblo Bcex oTO6paxxblx o6paaH,oB.
ITopoRbl, c~Iaralolglle aTy cBHTy, peaxo Ae.nxTCSI xa uBe rpyHHbl.
IIepsylo cocTaB,aHIOT cH~zbxo MarxHTxble r~IHxbI II a~-IeBpostxTbl xpac-
xblx r~ I;opxxHeBbzx TOHOB, OTHOCAH(HOCFi I# HepBOMy MarHHTHOMy
Txuy. Bce oxx HoxaablBaloT xaxpaB,aexllsl BexTOpa ecTecTBexxoH ocTa-
ToaHOH HaMarxHxexllocTx, xx B xaxol~ cTeIIexx He cor~IacyloH;xecx
c Hpe,~xo~IOxcexxeM o HepeNlarxx>IHBaxxx aTxx HopoA B coBpeMexxonl
3e111xOM MarHHTHOM xOJIe (pxc. 31) 3a HCHJIIOtieHxeM HOCKOdIbIixX
O~paaI~OB IfpaCHO-ISOpIi>IHOBbIX r~IHH B CpeJ~Hex iIaCTx paapeaa, x0-
BH~[I3MOMy, LIaCTIIiIHO HepeMarHIITIeIIHbIX. KO BTOpOI~ rpyxxe OTHOCHTCfi
cna6oMarxxTxble BTOpIIxHO oxpamexxble cepble, ro.ay6oBaTble 1I
se~Iexble r.ngxbl, a.nespo.aIITbI x Hecxra, HpHxaR~IexcaH~>3e x IItecTOH
~IarxgTxo~z rpyxxe. e~TYI xopoAbl IIoxaabIBaIOT HaxpaBJICxHH BexTOpa
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f'xc. 31. HaxpaK:cexxe ec~rec~rxeitnoii ocraro~ixo~i xaxarxxKexxocTx xpacao~seTxr~x rxxx oTxoxrexxH xpacxoz~seTxoR
cxxr~ LIenexexa:
a) cesepo-aaxaRxoe xaRexxe xxacTOS, 6) Toro-socTOYxoe xaRexxe xnacTOS.
1 x~npaunex~ir~ In, cnpoexTfiposaiixa~e as ~ Eiu,~;H[oro no.cyc$ep}; 2 - xanpaanexi~a Ins c~npeexTispoBaaxh~e xa aepxxioio nonyc~pepy;
- cpe;tuee xanpasnexiie In Aria rpynnbi ~w~n~a.~n~au xa~~arx~rveHx~x aopo~; upoexgt~cs~ Ha xnasxiox~ noriyc$ep~~; 4 -- cpeAxee aanpan~et[ue
[n ~.nH rpyunb~ oopaTtio Ha~cariim~eria~rx tropo~; rrpoer~i~its~ xa nepxaioro rroa~c~~epy; G - riaupaaaexnt~ rrepe~arxu~RSati~~e.
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OCT0CTB8HHOI3 OCTaTOYIIOH HBMarHHTIOHHOCTH, COOTBOTCTByIOII~I30 HOdI-
IIObiy HepeMarHIIiIHBaHHIO B COBpeMeHHOM 3eMHOM MarHHTHOM HOJIe
~pHC. 3~~. ITO BIIOJIHC HOHHTHbIM HpHLIHIIaM MbI HX IICKJIIOYIdM I33
~aJIbHeYIHIOPO paCC:~10TpeHLIFI.
06paTIIMCSI I; Hopo~aM Hcpsol~ rpy HHbI, xapaxTepllayloH~HMCx
cTaEHSbHOCTbIO ecrecTBeHHOK ocTaTO~HO~i HaMarHH~eHHOCTH. Xapax-
Tep HsMeHeHHH IsehTOpa ecTecTBexxo~ ocTaTOUHOi~ HaMarHH~eHHOCT~I
Nm
0
X80
1'~ic. 32. HaBpaB:reu~e ecrecTBeBiioii oc~~a~rogilo%i ua~ariixYexaoczx celibix>
~e~IexoBaTO- x rozyfioua~ru-cepf,IY Hecxos ~ r~cBU xpacBouBe~rBOii csIITbI tIenexeHa:
1 - Hanpaeaeaxrr In, cnpo~~x~rnpor~axnhie xa anasHiow ~~~~a~~c$ePY; ~ - Hairpas.ncxue
nepen~arxitvuuaunrt.
B BOpTHICaJIbHOM I[allpaBJIeHHH HO 1Ga7ISJ~OMy H3 HH'fH H3yTIeHHbIx pa3-
pe30B IipaCHOI~BCTHOII CBHTbI ~edlOlieHa OTpa7ICOH Ha Ppa(~HKaX H3-
MCHCHHH ~ H .f HO BTIIM pa3pe3aM ~CM. pHC. ~J~ H 46~.
~iOIIOCTaBJIeHIIe 3T[Ix Ppaf~HICOB ~yj~eT HpOBe~7eH0 B CJIOJ~yIOIT~eM
pa3f(eJle r.IIaBbI. LeH~iaC }IiC OTMOTHM HGKOTOpble BOCbMa BaSICHble
o6r~HO ~axTbl, oTHOCarl;HOCR x HopoRaM HepBOH rpyHHbl.
1. BeIiTOpa OCTOCTBEHHOH OCT$TO~iHOH HaMarHH~IOHHOCTH rpyll-
nllpyloTCx BoKpyr RByx HpeHMyH~ecTBeHHbIX HarlpaB,aeIIHK - o~-
HOPO, COOTBOTCTByIOCI[( r0 AIarHIITHOMy HOJIIO B MOMOHT 06pa30BaHIiH
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ocaRxa, 6~xsxo~y 1i coBpca[e~tHOMy ae~IxoMy, a ~pyroro - eMy
upo~'IIBOIZO.aox:xoro, rlpl~~eM lillc.aa xopnla~Ibxo H o6paTxo IlaMarxr~-
xexxbtx o6paal~oB cpaBxxMbl (pxc. 31 H 33).
2. Hao.alouaxl~~cx x rlporle,ICy7'otlxblc Mcalcuy 9TIIbIII RByI~x xpaK-
xxMx xaxpaB~ICIIxx IIel~zopa c;cTecl~Bexxor3 ocTaTO~IxoH xa~zarxHxex-
xocTx, xpH=lent Bce oxx xpHxoRxTCx xa 3axaRxble pyirz6r~ (pxc. 34)_
3. I~InzeeTCx c.aa~ax cBH3b ~Ie:ICRy yr.aorl oTx~IOxexxx BexTOpa I,t
o~~ ,~tarxHTlloro Mepxuxaxa iT a3xnlyroat Te~Iex[-IH, ycTaxoBalexxora
no axaxaM px6H (xoac~c~rruxexT xoppe~xr~xx r = 0,24).
4. He'r xxhaxoH cBRSx ~[excRy xaxpaBneBxeM BexTOpa In x 3JIe-
:~ICirr~anlll sa~Ierailllx caloeB - cpaBxx pllc. 31a x 316.
~. Ou'paTllo II xop~Ia.nl,xo xa~zarxxuexxblc o6paai;bl xNZeIOT oxpe-
,~c~ICxxylo ~-IOI,a~Igaaz~xlo B paapeae, o6paayu o6paTxo II xopMa.abxo
x,aDlartlll'ICxxb[O 30HbI, IIpOCJIG?iiIDIaI0Ii7[IOCSI IIO BOOM IIHTYI IIPOI~II-
~I31 M .
f). ~)~pa3l[bI C IIpOMe)IiyTOzIxbiMx .Haxpal3dlOHxFIMx BOICTOpa In
ItCOr;{a paCIIO~IaPaIOTCfi M05IfJ~y 3TII~llI 30xaMN, lapaKTepB3yx xep0-
soRlllae c.aox.
7. ~~OpaT}[O II xopNia.abx0 HBMarxxtIClfxbIO Ofjpa3l~bI, isax II 06pa3r~bl
c xpo_~ICahyzo~LxblMx r[axpaBncxllxMx BexTOpa In xe oT~xualoTCS~
upyr oz' ~pyra xII B JixTO~torx=mcho~I oTxomexxx, aH Iro xaxxM-xx6o
c[sa,rlslprlbl~I ~IarxIIT[3bInI sapa[~'rc~pllcTxxaM - x, ln, Inlx (Ta6~I. 201.
Tafi~~url? 20
~CTP.CTBCHHafl OCTaTU9Aafl HaMal'HII4I'.HH~IC Tb FpaP,HOI{BOTIIbIX
1 ,711H tI(.-celyella
06paautil c xaxpaB~Ie-
xxaMm In
Hop.m.r~I~-
xr.rMx
llpoMex;I~~[ C. M. ffa?I~tlelrhoBa [ EI. H. ~oplu, 1955], xpacxo-
ul;e~rlu.Ie r.axilbl lapaxl'epxaylo'rcx axa~IxTC.abubll~z coRep~xaxxeM axe-
.-le:Ia (B 6o~IbilulHCTBe c.~yxaeB 3-~ %), Tor~Sa hax BTOpirxxo oxpa-
ulcxxble xecrr[ II aaleBpo.ax'r~bl r[oha3blBaxlT I; cpeAxeM B Tpia paaa
MexbBlec co;Sep;hallllu ~iseJle~3a, 6yJ~yilll B To ;xe Bpcivlx xaMxoro 6o~ee
~OrilThIl\Ix j)y;I,IIbIMII 3epxa1llx 31arxOTIITa, tIOM rdIxxbI.
c~Yx c~al:1'bI, It COBOItyIIHOCTII C TIpIIHaj(JIeSISHOCTbIO xOpOJ; xOpBOI3
PpyxlIbl Ii IlCpliO'I[y NIBrxIITxOAIy TI[IIy, x03BOJIHIO'f CR-3JIaTb CJIO~yIO-
II;IIC IIbIBOJ~bI.
1. ~cTecTBe[II[ax OCTiITO~ll[aH xa\Ial'k[x'iOHHOCTb hpaC$OI[BOTOB ~C-
~ZOlielta CBx3axa B OCHOBxODi C iIiCJIC3I3CTbIMII MIIxOpaJlaMr[ B rJIxIIx-
CTOId I~pali[~IiII - OTIOBxJIiIO, rJlaBxax pO~b 3,i~eCb IIp13IIaRJIOartxT bIOJIb-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
b
ao -L?
Puc. 33. A~1su~uHTUi.ie ~apax~~epHCTHxH ~sya rp~nir no~~~A rpacnon~3e~rnoi~~c~ilrrra
i-I P..1IE!Ii P.HEI.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
*IairIIZ~M ~acTHI~aM reMaTi3Ta H rHRporeMaTHTa, xoTOpble H o~ycaloB~IH-
BaIOT xopH~Heso-xpacxbze Toxa oxpacxl~.
~. ECTecTBeHHax OCTaTOiIHaA HaMarHHLIeHHOCTb 3J~eCb BO3HHxJIa
IIpI~ OfJpa3OBaHHH OCaJ(xa IIOJ~ OIIpeJ{ealslloII;I3M BO3AeI3CTBgeM MarHI~T-
HOPO IIOJIH 3eMJIII TOH 3IIOXH. IIpH 3TOM HOCI3TeJIH eCT0CTB0HHOg OCTa-
TOtIII0I3 Ha MBrHH`IOIIHOCTH BeJIH Cef7SI xaK O6JIOMOLIHble iIaCT$I~bI,
Nm
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1A~1
Pxc. 34. Ifaupasnexlle ecrecTBeBxoti oc~~a-roYxoii xaMarxxYexrrocTx xpacxo-
r~BeTxblx r.[kIx xa cnoeB, rrepexoAlrbrx hrexc~y aopMa~Ibxo x o6paTxo BaMarBxgell-
rrr.IMg aonaMx (xpacxogserxaa cnxTa LIenexeHa);
1 - xaxparz~u~xrrrr Imo, cxpoexrxpoxaxxbre xa rursxrrwro xo.nycrpepy; 2 - xaxpanneruix In
cxpoexTxponaxxbre xa nepxrrroro nosycQ~epy;
OpHeHTIIpOBaBIIIHOCH CBOHMH MarHHTHbIMIT MOMOHTaMH B HaIIpaBdIOHIIH
MarHHTHOro IIo~tsl; RBr~xceHHSI xce BoRHOH cpeRbl xrpa~IH BoaMyn~alo-
H;ylo po~Ib, BbIablBasl c~Ia6oe oTxnoxeHHe BexTOpa In B cTOpoay Hpe-
o6.aaRalon;ero HarlpaB,~eHr~x Te~IeHHH (o6~sxcxeHi~e sTOro xBalexHx -
cM. B r,n. I ? 1).
3. EcTecTBeHIIaa ocTaTO~Hax HaNIarHH~IexxocTb IIopoA IIepBOn
rpyIIIIbl, 6.aaroRapsl coxparzHOCTH ee Hoci~Te~IeH, coxpaxl~[alacb Ao
Hauzero BpeMeHH; HartpaB~teHFle ee ecTb HarlpaBszeHHe BexTOpa aloxa~Ib-
Horo aeMHOro MarHxTHOro Ho,ISI snoxII o6paaosaHHH ocaAxa (c Hexo-
TOpOH HOPpeHIHOCTbIO, xOH('~lllO), IIOpOJ~bI xce BTOpOI3 PpyHHbI IIpII
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
BTOpgxHblx 13aMeaeHi~xx, o6ycaoBnexIIblx, IIo coo6m~eIIglo
H. H. ~opIIla, IIpoIIHxxoseHgeM ceposoRopoAHblx BoR, IIozepx~IB
IIepsoaaea~Ibaylo ocTaTO*IIIyIO IIaMarIIg~IexaocTb ~ 6bIJI$, ~acTII=IBo
Y[IIII IIO7iIIOCTbIO, nepeMaraIIileHbl B 6oJlee II03j~HeM MarHFITIIOM IIOJIO.
e
~ 300
Do
-x(90-150-f20-90 -60-30 0 30 -50 40-3U-70-10 0 10 ZO 30 40 50 60 70
PHC. 3rJ. XOj( 3IIeMeHTOB 3ebiHOPO M8rH0TH3Ma Ha H-Be 11edIeHeH B B0K Hpacaol~BeT-
HOFI CBHTbI.
B cseTe aTrlx BbIBORoB paccMOTpI~M csoRxble rpac~xxII xaMeaexIIx
cxnoaeHIIx x Hax.aolleIIgsl, cocTaB,neIIHble IIo RaaHbIM, oTIIOCxn;gMCx
x IIopoAaM IIepsoi~ rpyIIIIbl -IIo MaTepl3a~IaM Bcex xeTblpex IIepece-
~eIIgl~ xp. iIoxpax (p>3c. 35). IIp>a oIIxcaIIgr~ xsMeaeIIgg D II T IIo
paapeay 6yReM cneRoBaTb cTpaTgrpac~x~ecxoH cxeMe H. H. ~opIIla,
paa6gBmero, IIa ocIIOSaIIgB BblRe~zexmx xpyIIllblx pI~TMOB ocaAxo-
aaxoII.nexgx, o6IIaSxalo>~yloca xa LIe.aexeae Bepxxlolo ~acTb xpac-
aoI[BeTaog cBgTbl xa ceMb IIauex, IIepeHyMeposaIIIIbIx IIa~gIIax
cBepxy.
10 A. H. XpaMOa
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
PpaE~Ir3xta HoxaablBaloT HaJIH~r~e pxTMH*TecxoH cMeHbl xopMa.nbxoro
I~ o6paTxoro HarlpaBJlexHIT BeKTOpa eczecTBexxoH ocTaTO*IHOiI xaMar-
Hx*TexTIOCTII Ho paapeay, sTBJTexxsl, coBepxzexxo axaJTOrH~IHOro ycTa-
HoBJrexxomy HaMx RJIIT paspeaoB aHHlepoxcxoro H aK~Iarbl.nbcxoro
slpycoB r3 ollHCaxxoro BbIHTe. MHOro~r~cJlexxocTb RaHHbtx, 6JIaroRapa
~IacTOMy oT6opy o6paal;oB Ho paspeaaM xpacHOT~BeTHOH cBHTbI LIeJTe-
Kexa, HoaBOJTxeT Tenepb 6oJlee noApo6Tlo oxHCaTb sTO xBJIe-
HHe.
PaccMOTpBM xoR cxJTOxeHHx (pT~c. 35). IIepBasT, BTOpax rz Bepx-
HIISI xacTb TpeTbeK Ha~KH xapaKTep>~ayloTCx cKJloxeHr~eM, 6JIH3KHDI
K HyJIIO; B cepeRHxe TpeTbeH HauKH Ha6JIlouaeTCx 6blcTpoe HsNlexexHe
clcJloHexBx Ha o6paTxoe (D z 180?), HpHileNI BeKTOp ocTaTO=Txo~~
HaMarHrt~ICxxocTr[ BpaH;aeTCSI Ha aarlaR. 3xallexHU cxJloxexi~x, 6JIH3-
KH0 K 180?, BbIJ~ep?KHBaIOTCII BHJIOTb J>;O HH1KHeH LIaCTH IIFTTOH xaLIKI[,
3aTCM KpHBaII HHOBb 6bICTpO B03BpaII~aOTCII IC HyJICBbIM 3Ha*TeHHHM.
IIIecTaH x BepxHxsl iTaCTb CeJ~bMOx HaiIKH XapaKTepH3yIOTCST HCBbICO-
KHMH HOJIO}KHTeJIbxbIhlH 3HaileHHIIMH CKJIOHCHHII, a 3aTCM HafJJIIO-
JJ:aCTCIT HOBOC H3MCHeHPIe CKJIOHCHHIT Ha 06 paTHOe. KpHBafl HaKJIOHC-
HHII I3M0CT CXOJ(HbIH BHJ~ - CJIH3KHM K HyJIIO 3Ha~ICHHITDT CKJIOHCHHIT
COOTBCTCTByIOT HOJI05ISIITCJIbHble 3HaiICHHST Ha KJIOHCI3LISI, a CKJTOHCHHSI-l,
BM Of7paTHbIM - OTpI3I~aTCJIbHI,IC. OTMeTHivl, TITO HaKJIOHCHI'Ie, IIepeu
TCM, ICaK pC3K0 yHaCTb, B03paCTaeT HO CBOCII BCJIHiIxHe.
BEifI KapTHHa COOTBCTCTByeT TOMy, TTTO CCBepHbIYI MarHHTHbIH IIO-
JIIOC 3eMJTH, Haxo~xcb B6JTH3H colTpeMexxoro cellepxoro reorpaE~IH-
~Iecl,oro, B oxpeReJTeHHbII~ MoN1eIIT BpeHIeH!'T TTa=IHHaeT AiTHraTbcx
If Iory, HpoxoRHT xaMHOro aarlaRxee Haxzero pa~3olla H RocTHraeT
Io~KHOro HoJlTOCa, ocTaeTCSI B6JIH3H HocJTeRHero Hel;oropoe BpeMx,
a aaTeM BoalTpaHjaeTCSI, xpHUJIH3HTOJTbxo Ho ToMy ~ICC HyTH, B Hepllo-
Ha~IaJTbxoe HoJloxcellxe. 10aKHbII3 MarHHTxbIK xoJTloc RBHx~eT'cH cooT-
BercTBylox;HM o6paaont. 06a HoJloaKexHx nzarHHTxbIx Ho.nlocoB o=TC-
BHJ~lIO, COBepxICHHO paBIIOIIpaBHbl, Tax Kali HpOJ~OJISIIHTCJ[bHOC7'II
O~OHX COGTOIIHHH CpaBHHMbI.
BCC 3T0, KOHetIHO, CIIpaBeAJIITBO, TOJIbliO B TOM CJIyuaC, CCJIH B Hp0-
uecce I3HB0pCIIH MaPHHTHOe HOJIO c3eMJIH COXpaHITCT J~HHOJIbHbIT3 Xa-
paKTCp. 1'aK JIH 3T0, CexiIaC CH;e HCx3BCCTIIO.
TaKI3M Ofjpa30M~,7' BpeMII OTJIO1ICeHHII OOIIa?TCaIOII'Kxer~ x caNIOi3 BepxxeH =IacTxx paape3a lI xplixazS~Iex{ax~xe K xep-
BoMy MarxxTHOMy Txxy, a TaKx{e xexoTOpble x{exTOBaTO-cepble II
I{eJlTble xec=IaxxKx. 3uecb BeKTOpa ecTecTBeHHOH ocTaTO~IxoH xaMa-
rxrrxexxocTx xMeloT RBa xpel3MyII[eCTBexBblx IIaIIpaBxexxx - oAxo
cooTBeTCTByeT MarxNTxonly xo.alo B ivroMCxT o6pa3ollaxxH oca;~l{a,
6JIYI3KObry K coBpenlexHOrry 3eMxoMy, a Apyroe - enty xpoTxaoxo-
.aoal{xoMy (pxc. 36 a). ~Tx uBa xallpaB,nexxx XapaKTepH3yloTCH c~e-
~yloii~xMx 3xa~ellNRnlx: D~.I, = 19 , J?U = 58 lI D~.P = 177, J~1, _
_ -40.
B BepTNKaJrblroM xaxpaBalexNx, KaK II B xpeublRyi~HX cny~iaxx,
Hopnra~Ibxo Il o6paTxo xanlarxxuexxble o6pa3ubl rpyxxxpyloTCH xo
sollaM, xepeRyloi~xMCx Mex{Ry co6oH. O~~IlaKO BIIxRy ara~oro ~Ixcza
cTa6NxbxblX o6pa3l~oB ycTaxoBxTb ToxbKO xo xxM rpaHxubl McSK,T(y
3oxaMN x uaSl{c o6luee ~INC~o 3oI1 xc yuacTCH. zIeTxo Bblue.aHlorcti
JIxIIIb TpII BCpX1lGTX 3OHbI x OJ~Ba }I1IJICHxFi - O(jpaTHOYI HaDIarHH~iCH-
lIOCTx. Ha 3TNX yzIaCTKaX pa3pe3a xMCCTCfi r(OBOJIbHO MHOPO MarxxT-
xOCTa~OIIJIbHbIx xOpO~ - I{paCHOI~BCTHbIX PJIIIx II aJICBPOJIxTOB, TOPJ{a
ICaK OC,TaJIbHaH ilaCTb pa3pC3a 3atIHTa CCpbI,llx xCCKaMx, CCTCCI'BCHHaH
OCTBTO~IxaH HaMarHx~ICHHOCTb KOTOpbIX IIO'1TH IIOJIxOCTbIO HCCTa61iTIbHa.
BbI~~CJIxTb 3J~CCb 3OHbi KaaKCTCx J[eTlObr HCBO3MO51{IIbIM. Oj~HaKO J~O-
BOJIb110 I{pyTOx HaKJIOH IIJIaCTOB Ha IOl'O-BOC9'OK OC~IyCJIOBJIIIBaCT
3HazIHTCJIbHOC OTJIxTIxC HaxpaB,aexNx HepCMBrHx'1HBaHxH OT OGOHX
xpCxDlylr(CCTBCHxbIX xaxpaB~Iexxx MarIIIITIIOCTa6x.TIhxbIX xOpOR. c~TO
xO3BOJffiCT BbIHBIITb O6pa3I~bI, xOTFI rObI 'IaCTHzIHO COXpaHHBIIIxe
7ICpBOHaTIaJIbHOe HaxpaB.IICHxC In N xOxbITaTbCH IIO HNM Bb1xBHTb
MarHHTHbIC 3OHbI.
BbIJ~eJICHLiC M8r11IITIIbIX 3OH B CpC~~xCx ~IaCTI! pa3pC3a II]lOH3B0-
j~xJIOCb IIYTCM yCTaxOBJIeHHH, B KaICyIO CTOpOHy OTICJIOHffETCH Haxpa-
BJICHxC Iri OT xaxpaBJICHxH xepCMarxx9xxallxx. Ma,nasl BCJIIIiIIIHa
3TIIX O1'KJIOHCIixH, 3aLIdCTyIO xOr1Tx He IIpe13bIHIdIOIT~HX pa36poc Ila-
IIpaBJICII1Tx In, OCTaBJIfICT 3Ila~ILITCTIbHbIH xpOx3B0.II B TBKOM aHaJIII3e.
Bce x{e B pe3yxbTaTe Taxoro axa.all3a B cpe~BCii xacT1l pa3pc3a yr~a-
JIOCb yCJIOBHO Bblj(CJIxTb ~leTbIpC 3OHbI.
~n*
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Pxc- 36. Haxpasneage ecTecTSexxo~ ocTaTOYxo~ xaniarxxgexxocTx oznoxceax~ xpacxoAseTxoi~ csxT1~ Ma,noro ba~xaxa:
a) xpacxo~sezxr~Ie rnaxri, 6) cep~~e x xcenTOSaTO-cepr~e necxx, anesponxTS~ s rnxxs~.
t -- xaxpaxnexnn In, cnpoex~~npoeaxx~e . xa xnxtxioio nonycc~epy; 2 - xanpannexxx Ins cnpoexTxposaxx~e xa xepxxioio nonycQ~epy;
3 -- cpeAxee xanpas.nexne In Anx rpynnbt xopMani~xo xaMarxxeexx~x nopoA; npoe~cunx xa xnxsxioio nonyc~epy; 4 -cpeAxee xanpaxnexxe
In Ann rpynnrt o6paTiro xamarxxeexnbix nopoA; xpoexunx xa xepxxioro nonyc~epy; 5 - xanparnexxe nepen~arxnansaxxn.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
GcHOBaHr~a, B CHJIy xOTOpbIX MOSxHO CLIYITaTb, iITO MbI IIOJIytII3JIII
J(aHHb1e, XapaxTepg3yloII;IIe MarIII3THOe IIOJIe c~eMJIII B 3IIOXy OTJIO-
}xeHHH xpaCHOLjBOTHOIi CBgTbI MaJloro #aJlxaHa, OCTaIOTCH TeMII ;Ise,
iITO H B HpeRblRyngIIx cJIyLlaax. HexoTOpaH HCOIIpeJ~CJIOHHOCTb
OCTaeTCH TOJIbxO B OTHOIileHxYI CpeRHex uaCTH CBgTbI.
TaxHM OCpa3OM, BpCMH OTJIOSICeHHH KpaCHOI~BBTHOII CBIITbI Ma-
JIOPO BaJlXaxa, IIO-BgJ~IIMOMy, MO7IiH0 pa3AeJIIITb Ha BOCOMb reOMBrHgT-
HbIX 3IIOX, COOTBOTCTByIOII;IIX TIeTbIpeM HOJIHIdM l eOMarHyITHbIM pldT-
MaM. OTM0TI3M, zITO He TOJIbxO BCe TpH upo~l:~i HH1~I ~ lta MaJIOM SaJI-
xaxe paapeaa (TopoxrJlbl, LIaJICy H I~yi~RxsHx) xo~, ~~Bl~ yxJlaRblBaioTCs
B aTy cxeMy, xo H Bepxxslx, o6xa~ICaIOII;axcx *IacTb xpacxouBeTHOH
CBIITbt ~eJICIielia IIOJIHOCTbIO COIIOCTBBJIFIeTCH C BepXHeII TpeTbIO OTJIO-
xseBHH xpaCHOI~BOTHOII CBHTbI MaJloro FaJIXaHa; B OCOI3X CJIyifafiX
BbI~[eJIHIOTCH OJ~Hx x TO )xC MarHHTHble 3OHbI, oT$eualoII;~1e HoJlyTOpa
reO:~IarHHTHbIM pHTMaNI.
~(L~t2O2eYbOBblB it .hL~3O3plLCKZlC O117.JGO~ICC}6LZS~
HaJIeOPCHOBbIC OTJIOSxeHIIH MaJIOrO baJlXaHa, IIpeJ~CTaBJIeHHble
xopH~iHOBbIMII, xOpIILIHOBO-xpaCxblMx II 3eJIOHI,IMII rJIHHaMyI, IIO Ma-
rHHTHbIM CBOHCTBaM pe3xO j~eJIHTCH xa RBe xepaBHblx rpynxbI. K IIep-
BOH OTHOCHTCFI BCE 3eJIOHble rJIHxbI. c~TH IIOpOJ~bI IIOiITII HOMarHIITHbI
H Iiax IIOxa3bIBaeT HaxpaBJIOHHe HX BexTOpa eCTOCTBOHHOI3 OCTa-
TOiIHOIi Ha MarHHTIeHHOCTx, IIOJIHOCTbIO IIepeMaPHIIileHbI B HaIIpaBJIe-
HHII COBpeMBHHOI'O 3eMHOPO MarHIITHOrO IIOJIH. BTOpyIO, 6OJIee
MHOrouIICJlexxylo, rpyIIIIy cocTaBJIHIOT xopHUxesble II xopIIUHeso-
xpacxble, cxJlbxo MarxIITllble (In~~, = 40,5 10-6 LGSM) rJIHxId. I~ax
IIoxasblBaeT pxc. 376, 9TYI xopoAbr B 6oJIbHIIIHCTBe cJly~IaeB oxaabi-
BaloTCx ~acTII~Ixo, a HxorRa II IIoJlxocTblo IIepeNlarHHilexHbIMH. Bce
xse BexT'op ecTecTBexxoi~ ocTaTOUxoH xaMarxH~exxocTH HBHO TxroT'eeT
x ;~By11i IIpOTHBOIIOJiO}LCHIdM ApyP J~pyry HaIIpaBJIBHYIHM. YrJIbI CxJiO-
HOHHH H IIflIiJIOHOHHH, OlipeReTIH1OII[IIe 3TII HaxpaBJreHr3H 6bIJIg
HayIj(eHbl C IIONfOH;bIO ICpyroB HepeMarHHiIHBaxHH. 3xailexIIN IIx:
Din = 34, Tip = 48; DAP = 208, J~P = -40.
LITO xacael'cH pacxpeReJIeHHH IIo paapeay HopNtaJlbxo g o6paTxo
xaNlarxx*Iexxblx o6paauoB, To 3uecb Taxaxe BbIxBJIHeTCx I3x xepeRo-
BaxIIe. HpIIHxN1aH Bo BHraMaxxe MarHIITxocTa6gJIbHble g uacTlatlxo
IIepeNlarHHUexxble o6paaubl, B pa3peae Moxcxo BbIReJIgTb ileTblpe
MarHIITHbie 3OHbI, MOII~I~OCTbIO OT 30 ~{O 250 .,u.. Paapes xa*IgxaeTCx
cxIISy aoxog xopMaJlbxoro xaMarxgilexxH, sa xel3 cJleAyeT aoxa
OCpaTHOPO HaMarHIIT30HHH, CMCHHIOII;aHCH 3OHOI3 HOpMaJIbHOI'O Ha-
MBrHIIileHHfi, c~TT'I TpK 3OHbI COOTBOTCTByIOT IIaJIeOI[eHy t~ souexy.
BepXHHH, CaMati MOII(HaH, 3OHa o6paTHOro xaNlarxg~Iexgx oxxa-
TbIBaeT HI3?xHx)IO iIaCTb OJIHI'OI;eHa (BbIIIIe IIaJreOI`P,HOBb1e OTJiO?xexgH
Cpe3aIOTCH HOCOPJIaCHO JIeSICaII;ei3 Ha HIIX xpaCHOI~BBTHOg CBgTOLI IIJIII-
OIjOHa). CJIe~yeT, OZ{HaxO OTMCTHTb, iITO 3Ty cxeMy pacunexexlax IIa-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
0CT0CTBeH H011 OCraT09 HOFI H8M8rHHY0HHOCTx xaJI00I'OHOBbIX OT7IOyIfPAxF]: 2) BOJIbIIIOfI Ha.nxax,
6) ~1a~IbIH Sanxax.
1 - xanpasnexx>; In, expoexTxposaxxvle xa xnxcxiolo norycc~epy; 2 - xanpas~;exn>3 In enpoexrnposaxxhle xa sepxxlolo no:~yc~epy;
.3 - cpellxee xaxpas.nexxe- In A.nx rpyxnli xop~Ia~Iaxo xaniarxnvexxblx xopoA; npoel;gnx Ira Hxrl;xiolo nonyc$epy; 4 -cpeAxee xanpas.nexne
In Anx rpyxns~ o6paTxo xaMarxnvexxbix xopou; xpoexuux xa sepxxmio xo~yc~pepy; 5 - xpoexuxn xpyra xepemarxngxsaxxR n cpeAxee xanpa-
snexxe I,a, xcxpasneaxoe c yaeTOSI ~acTnexoro xepeMarxnunsaxxx; 6 - xanpaxnexne nepe~~arxn~nsaxntl; npoel;ullx xa xnsxxiolo nonycr~epy;
7 - xanpasneaxe nepeMarxn*~nsaxxa; npoexnnH xa sepxnrolo xoRyc$epy.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~Ieorexosblx oT~IOaKexl~i~ Mox{xo cxIITaTb JIHIIib cyry6o HpeRBapl3Tenb-
IIOH, Tax xax xpr3 peRxoM oT6ope o6paauoB xo paapeay (~epea 30 .~c)
I3 xa~Ix~xx xeMarxIITxblx g nepeMarxx~Iexxblx o6paauoB xecleonbxo
30H MOPJIO 6bITb xpoxyH;exO.
IIa~teorexoBble oT~IOx{exl~R BOJIbHIOPO Ba.nxaxa HpeAcTaBnexbi
B OCHOBHOM CdIaGOMBrHHTHbIMx IIOpOJ;aMH, OTHOCRH~I3MHCR x ueTBep-
TOMy II CeJ~bMOMy MarHHTHbIM TxHaM. c3J~eCb BCTpeLIOHbI TBxH{0 fl
C)OJICe MarHTdTHble 6ypble II0C'IaHIIxH HRTOPO MBrHHTI30r0 TxHa. BCR
TOJIx(a IIa,I{aeT Ha CeBep HOJ~ yrJIaMH, IIpeBbIxIaIOII;xMH 70?, II03TOMy
BbI]~eJIHTb IIepeMarHgileHHble B COBpeMOHHOM 3eMHOM IIOJIe 06paal[bI
Roso~tbxo nerxo. ~Tx o6paaubl cocTaB~IRIOT 60JIbITIxHCTBO. OcTaJlbxble
o6paaubl Re.nRTCR xa ABe rpyxxbl - xaMarxx~Iexxblx B cooTBeTCTBHIa
C HOIIMaJIbHbIM, 6.nxaxHM K COBpeMOHHOMy x OGpaTHbIM MarHHTHbIM
HOJIOM BO BpeMR O~OpaaOBaHHR ocaRKa (pxc. 37a). CpeAHxe axaxexgR
CKdIOHOHxR H HaKJIOxeHIIR J~JIR 3THX J{ByX rpyIIII COCTaBJIRIOT 000TBOT-
cTBexxo Dip = 51, J~p = 35 II D~.P -= 211, J~P = -41. IIo-Bg-
uIIMOMy, aTx axauexHR, Tax x{e, xax x B xpeAblAylul3x c.ay~Iaxx, 6JII33KI4
K 3JIOMBHTaM RByX COCTORHHx (HOpMaJIhHOPO x OGpaTHOrO) 3eMHOPO
MarHI3THOP0 xOJIR B IIaJleOreHe. OJ~HaKO BbIAeJIIITb 3Z{ecb M8rHI3THble
30HbI He yJ{aJIOCb - IIO xpHiIHHe c~Ia6oI~ MBPHHTHOCTI3 o6paauoB,
a Taxx{e xa-aa Manoro Ko.ax~IecTBa MarxgTxocTa6x~Ibxblx o6paauoB.
Bce x{e, pacxpeRe.nexIIe Ho paapeay xopMa.nbxo s o6paTxo xaMar-
Ilx~exxblx o6paauoB o6xapyx{IIBaeT gX uepeRoBaxlle.
BepxxeMe~IOBble oT~IOx{exIIR xax Ma.aoro, Tax II 1iOJIbHIOPO Ban-
xaxa, uo*ITg ue~IxKOM xpeRcTaB~IeHbI r[opoRaMir .ng6o xeMarxHTxblMx,
~IH6o uo.nxocTblo HJIH uacTxxxo IIepeMarxxiiexxblMI3 B xaxpaB.nexIIu
COBpeMOHHOPO 3eMHOPO MarHHTHOPO IIOJIR. TOJIbxO HOCKOTIbxO OCpaa-
I{OB IIOKaabIBaIOT HaIIpaBJIeHIIR BeKTOpa In, J~OBOJTbHO CIIJIbHO OTJIII-
tlaIOx~geCR OT HaHpaBJIeIIHR, COOTBOTCTByIOH~erO IIepeMarHI3TI13BaHIIiO
uoc~Ie cl~opMxposallxR cTpyKTypbl. 3Recb Dip = 32, J~p - 42.
I~OHeiIHO, JIHHIb C 60JIbHIHMx OPOBOpKBMx MOiKHO CiIHTaTb, iITO 3Tg
3Ha~IeHI3R RBJIRIOTCR 3JICM0HTaMx OJ~HOrO YI3 COCTORIIHI3 3eMHOrO Ma-
rxHTxoro Ho~IR B BepxxeMe.nosylo anoxy. CyluecTBOSaxxe x{e Apy-
roro cocTORHHR MarxHTxoro xo~IR xo 9TSM AaxxblM xe oGxapyal{x-
BaeTCR.
Hxx{xeMe.aoBble oTalo~ICexHR Bo.nbHloro Ba.axaxa HpeRcTaBnexbl
HopoAaMII BTOporo II =IeTBepTOro MarxxTxblx THxoB, xpII=IeM xepBble
cocpeRoTO~eHbI B xII>I{xeK ~IacTx paapeaa, c.~araR xxaKxeaHTCxHI~
HouT~Rpyc, a BTOpble paaBHTbI Ho BceMy paapeay. BcR BepxxRR,
~OJIbxIaR ~IacTb To~IruH HaAaeT xa CB xoR yrnaMx 30-35?. Taxoe
aa~IeraxIIe H~IacTOB RB~IReTCR aRecb xag6o.nee xeBblroRxblM c To~xg
apexHR paauenexIIR McSI{Ay co6ol~ HepeMarxx~exxblx c~IOeB II Tex,
xOTOpble OTpaSKaIOT COCTORHHC reOMarHYITHOI'O xOJIR
HxSxHeMedIOBOI3 3xOXx. Z1,eJI0 B TOM, LITO CyRR x0 OCII~eA TOHJ~eHuI3Id
g3MOHOHIIR 3TOP0 xO.nR xpir xepexoRe K 6o,aee ApeBxIIM axoxaM
(CM. Ta~dl. ~), MbI FT~OJI?KHbI O)I{xRaTb 3J~eCb 3HaLIeHIIx HBKJIOHOHIIR
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
IIopx,gxa 30?, T. e. xal; pas Taxoro, xoTOpoe IIo~IyuxTCx IIpg IIepeMa-
rxx*IgBaHxII IIaRalolr;r~x Ha ceBep IIoA yr.aoM B 30? c~IOeB B coBpeMeH-
HOM MaPHHTHOM IIOJIe 3eMJIII ~Jc 60?~. ~03TOMy, T07IbIf0 IIOpOj~bl,
Pxc. 38. I~IaMexexxe xaxpasnexxx ecTecTSexxou ocTaTOgxoi~ xaMarxxgexxocTx
xo xpo~gnxr gepea cTpyxTypy, cxoxcexxy~o xxxcxeaxTCxxMx oTaroxtexxxNix
(fio~rbaro~ Banxax). IIpxMep MarxxTxocTa6x~rbxbrx xopoi~.
~v~,
0
?3
Yxc. 39. HaxpaBxexxe ec~ecTSexxoH ocTaTO~rxoi& xaMarrrx~rexxocTx arenosbrx
(orxoxcexxg Bonbxioro banxaxa:
1 - xaapaxnexxx In, cxpoexTxposaxxrre xa xxxcxroro xonycrpepy, 2 - xaxpaxnexxx Ix~
cxpoexTxpoBaxxbre xa sepxxroro xonyc~pepy; 3 -cpeAxee xaxpasnexne In A,nx rpyxxst xop-
nranaao xaMarxxaerrxbrx xopoR; xpoexuxrr xa xxxcxroro xonyeQiepy; 4 -cpeAxee xaxpaxne-
xxe In Anx rpyxxsr o6paTxo xaMarxxgexxbrx xopou; xpoexuxx xa xepxxroro xonyc$epy.
IIepBOHaLIaJIbHO HaMarHIITIeHHble B 06paTHOM HaIIpaBJI8HI313, T. e. OTpa-
xcalorl;ge BTOpoe - o6paTxoe cocTOxxge reoMarxgTxoro IIonH HIIxc-
HOMedIOBOg 3IIOXII, MOryT 6bITb BbISIBJIeHbI IIpII aHang3P. HaIIpaBne-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
IIa~eeo,wazrcumknae urcae8ooawus a 3ana8hou TypK.wer~uu 15:i
HxI~ In? Taxgx o6paauoB B Bepxxex xacTx paapeaa oxaaastocb Tonbxo
RBa (xa oRxoro 6JIOxa). 8Tx xce o6paaubl oxaaa~Ixcb eRIIxcTBexxbiMla,
R.ax xoTOpbix In > 3 10-6 CGSM g xoTOpbfe, cneRosaTe~Ibxo, 6binx
y*iTexbl IIpI3 cocTaB~IexxII cTepeorpaMnil~ pxc. 39.
,I~pyroe Re.ao - xgxcxx>i ~IacTb paapeaa; Bo-xepBbix, aRecb xIx-
poxo paaBgTbl 6o.aee MarxgTxbfe xopoAbl BTOporo MarxxTxoro Txxa,
B OTHOIIIOHI3Id xOTOpbIX YIMeeTCFI 60JIbDIe HaJ.(e}ICj(, iITO xX eCTOCTBOH-
Hafl 'OCTaTOiIxaH HaMarHl3ileHHOCTb ABJIxeTCx CTa6xJIbHOx. BO-BTOpbIx,
3Tx IIOpOAbI 3J~eCb CJIarafOT CTpyxTypy, xa06paxceHHyx) xa pgc. 38,
LITO II03BOJIxeT TIerKO BbIJleJIxTb H0 IIepeMarxx~IOHHble o6paaubr. Ha
3TOM y~IacTxe paapeaa TaxOBbIMx SBJIRIOTCx xo~ITK Bce. IIo xaxpaB-
.aexxlo BexTOpa ecTecTBexxo~ ocTaTOxxol~ xaMarxx~ICxxocTx oxlr peaxo
RenxTCx Ha ~B0 rpyxxbi, CO CpeRHI3Mx 3xaileHxHMYi: Dip = 26,
J~p = 46 x Dip = 211, J~p = -34. I~IMeIOTCx g ~IacTxxxo xepe-
1~IarHxTleHHble O~paal;bI. OTMeTIIM, iITO HOpMaJIbHO LI O~paTHO HaMa-
rIixileHxble CJIOI3 3J~eCb TaxSICe uepeRyfoTCx Me1xj[y COGOI3 B BepTxxaJlb-
xOM xaxpaBJlexIIYI, BIIRIIMO, OTpaxcaH pxTMbI reOMaPHIITHOPO xOJIH
HI31xHOMeJIOBOx 3IIOXI3 (pxc. 39).
IOpcxxe oT~IOaxexxx bo~Ibxloro 6a~IXaxa, xac}coalbxo Mo>I;xo
Cyi[xTb IIO I3MeI0Ii(xMCx B HaIIIOM paCIIOpH~eHYIx 06paal~aM, x07IHOCTbIO
II.ax ~IaCTI3LIH0 IlepeMarHxtleHbI R COBpeMOHHOM 3eMIlOM r1arHI3TIIOM
xo.ne (pxC. 40). HO 3TOx xpII~ISHe BbIiIIdCJIxTb 3JIeblexTbI COCTOIIxxx
3eMHOPO MarH~ITHOPO xOJIFI IOpcxoro xepHORa MOHCHO 6bIJI0 JlxxIb
IIpII6JIx:xeHHO - IIyTOM xOCTp08HIIfI xpyra xepeMarxxu~IBaxxx. ~3To
Ra~IO Dip = 32, J~p = 40. J~pyroe cocTOSlxxe reoMarxIITxoro xo.Ix
IIO HaIIII3M J~aHHbIb1 He 06 HapylxHBaeTCSI.
l7ocmoRtccmeo hanpaer~ercuii ecmecmee~tnou ocnaa,mo~woir
ha.naaa~cu~eetcwocmu no .nameparcu
3axoxugB oxHCaxize HaMexexxi~ BexTOpa ecTecTBellxoii ocTaTOU-
xoK xaMarxg~IexxocTl~ xo paapeaaM, xayuexxblM xaMx, xpaTxo ocTa-
xosxMCx xa o~Iexb BaxcxoM Boxpoce o cTexexx xocTOSxcTBa xaxpa-
BJIOxxSI 3TOP0 BexTOpa B]~OJIb IIJIaCTOB, T. e. B xepBguxo rOpg30H-
TaJIbxOg IIJIOCICOCTx. MbI ySICe xoAuepxxBa.ag, iITO H3Mexexgx xaxpa-
BxexgR BexTOpa ecTecTBexxol~ ocTaTO~xoK xaMarxx~IexxocTx xo xa-
panxe.abxblM paapeaaM, Raxce BecbMa yRa~IeIIxbIM Apyr oT Rpyra,
xocxT oRgxaxoBblg xapaxTep II Bb1Re~Iexxbfe MarxxTxbfe aoxbl Mo-
ryT 6bITb coxocTaB~Iexbi Rpyr c RpyroM. Bo~Iee Toro, Raxce xxRgBx-
Rya~Ibxbfe c~IOZ3 BblRepaxgBafoT xo xpocTHpaxII~o cBOe xaxpaB~fex~Ie
BexTOpa ocTaTO~xog xaMarxgxexxocTx - xo xpa~iHeH Mepe B xpe-
Re.aax 5-10 rc..u. PTO xopolxo BxAxo xa RxarpaMMbl (pgc. 41), rRe
Aao6paxcexo pacxpeAe~Iexxe BexTOpoB ecTecTBexxof~ ocTaTOUHOH xa-
Marxg*fexxocTg uo aaIIMyTaaf R~IU o6paauoB, BaslTbix cTporo ga ou-
xIIx x Tex xce cafoeB -oRxoro - B xmxcxeK uacTII xa~IeorexoBbix
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~~~' 1'rcae? II
oT.aoxceHH~I Ma.rroro Ea.nxaHa (c~IOK 11), aaTeM-B caMbix HHaax xpac-
xoi~BeTxoK cBgTbl Toro xse paiioxa (c~IOg 12) g eHje Tpex - B ce-
peRgxe o6xaxcaloH~el~cx xa zIe~nexexe Bepxxel~ xacTg xpacxol~BeTHOg
csgTbt (c.aog I, lI, III). I~axc~blH c.no~i xapaxTepgayeTCSi cBOgM, Hpg-
cyH;gM TOJIbKO eAiy HaHpaBJIeHgeM Be1fTOpa In, HpgLIOM pa36poc Iiagpa-
Nm
0
i80
Pxc. 4(l, Hanpaunexue ecTec~rueunoH oc~rarognoi~ iia~~arxuaeuaocTx x>pcxga
oT:IOxteaxll Bo~buioro Saalxana:
1 eanpaisdicenrt In, cupoexriipoBaxRrie xa x~utioio no~iyc$epy; 2 cpeAuee xanpas,[e-
etu~ In - upuesq~si xa u4ixtaimo no~tyc$epy; 3 - npoexq~in Hpyra nepemarxHVKSaaNCe x
cpez~Hee 1~aupae.neui[e In, cicnpaeneHxoe c y~iemoH vacTH~xoro nepeMarxKVFteaxxsr, 4 -
iianpaHnexme ~iepeaTarxKecisaxHH.
BnexHl~ u.ax HiiugBi~Aya.abxblx c~IOeI; HegaAlepgAlo Megbgte paa6poca
HaupaB.aeHHii I? Ho BepTHxa.ng, T. e. II ue.noM J~JIH IcaxoH-aIH6o TonH;g
gng ee ~iacTg.
Ilar~eo.,icazsdemuanc ocado~ISCba~c nopoa 3anaataoiz
Typh.ntietcuu (eateoaat)
I~I3J1OxCEHHbie BbIHIe J~aHHble HO3BOJIHIOT C~~CJIaTb pHu O6H(H2i BbIBO-
RoB o HpgpoRe eCTOCTBeHHOH OCTaTOi1HOI3 Ha MarHgileHHOCTI3 OCaJ{Ox-
HbIX HOpOJj 3aHaJ~HOH TypHMOHgg $ J(peBHOM MarHHTHOAI HOJie e3eMJIg.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
/cpacyogdemHm, cduma M.6anxaHa
Cnou >3
C
Np3cyogeemNan c~iima ueneKeHo
Cnau I/
Macurma6 no paduycy
10 0 10 20 300
N++mepdan ocped++eHUa 30
Pnc. 41. PacnpeAeacexxe Bexropa eci~ecisexxoii ocTa~rovaoii uaniariixvexHOC~~A
no asxMyTaM Anti oopasAoB, aaxi~r~ix no npoc2xpaBxw cnoes.
1. HaupaBa~exxe BexTOpa ecTecTBexxoH ocTaTOxHOi~ xaMarHi3xex-
~iocTH ocaAo~IHblx Hopou 3arlaAHOH TypxMeHI~H ollpcRc~IxeTCH RByMx
(~aISTOpaM>d: ~pCBHHM MBPIIHTHbIM ROJICM c~eMJIH MOMCHTa O6 pa3OB8HYISi
ocauxa H COBpeMCHHbIM 3eMHbIM MaPHIITHbIM IIOJIeM.
Z. AHaJIII3 COOTHOHIeHHFi MexcRy HaHpaBJIeHHCM BeIfTOpa eCTe-
CTBCHHOH OCTBTOiIHOH Ha MaPHYILICHHOCTI3 H 3JIebleHTabIH 3aJIePBHIIH
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
156 ['~aa~ra II
COOTBeTCTByIOx;HX CJIOeB IIO3BOJII3JI, C ORHOx CTOpOHbI, BbI~eJIxTb RaH-
Hble, OTHOCFIx;HeCFI K J~peBHOMy MarHHTHOMy IIOJIIO 3eMJIx, a c Apyro~I-
BbIRBHTb HopoJ{bI, COXpaHHBIIIIIe HepBOHa=IaJibxoe xarlpaBJlexIIe BeK-
Topa ecTecTBexxoH ocTaTO~HOK xaMarHH=IexxocTH.
3. IIo KpaHxeK Mepe 98 j~ o6paauoB, coxpaxl~BlHxx HepBOllaaa~Ib-
Iloe xaxpaB~IexIle BeKTOpa In, oTpaxcaloll~ee RpeBHee Marxl~Txoe Hoge
3crl.rrll, HplixaR~IexcaT K HopouaM IIepsoro H BTOporo MarHHTHbIX TN-
HOB. c~TO IIOJ~TBep?ICRaeT TOOpeTx=IeCKHH BbIBOJ~ O CBH313 CTa6HJIbHOx
OCTeCTBexHOII OCT8T0=IHOH HaMarHII=IeHHOCTII OCaJ~O=IHbIX IIOpOJ~ C TOH-
KOpa000SIxHbIMIi OKIICJIaMx iiCeJIe3a.
4. Hax6onbHlH~i lIpOI~eHT MarHHTHOCTa~HJIbHbIX o6paauoB co-
Z{CpHtHT OTJIOHfeHHH KpaCHOI~BOT}3Ox CBIITbI ~eJIeKOHa, 3aT0M, B IIO-
pxRKe y6blBaloH~ero coRepxcaxHa xx, HRyT aIIIIlepoxcKSe oTJIOHiexIIH
LIe~Iexexa it ~flopexRara, aK=Iarbinbcxrae oT~IOxcexHx I{IOpexRara,
a Kxarbl.nbcKlle, KpacxouBeTxble II Ha.neorexosble oTaloxsexHH Ma~I0r0
Banxaxa, xHaKxeMe~IOBble oT~IOxcexHH BOJIbIIIOPO BaJIXaHa. B ocTa~Ib-
HbIX H3y=IOHIIbIX OTJIOHCeHIIHX BCTpe=IeHbI JIxIIIb eJ~IIHH=IHble MarHHTHO-
CTa6gJIbH3I0 O6pa3l~bi. BO BCOX OTJIOHfOHHSIX BCTpe=IaIOTCH TaKSKC
=IaCTx=IHO HOCTa61IJIbHble O6pa3I~bI.
J. HaIIpaBJICHxO BOKTOpa eCTCCTBOHHOII OCTaTO=IHOH HaMarHFI=IeH-
HOCTII MarHHTIIOCTaOHJIbxbIx OGpa3uOB O6Hapy?K13BaeT 3aKOHOMepHbIO
H pe3Kxe I33MCxeHHfI IIO pa3pe3y, BbIpaxcaIOII;IIeCx B xepeRosaxxx
Marxl3Txblx aoH c HpsIMO HpoTHBOUO~IOxsxblalH xaxpaB.aexHxMH BeK-
Topa ecTecTBexxoil ocTaTOxxol~ xarrlarxHUexxocTl3.
6. IIpz~ HepexoAe oT oRIIOH soxbl K Rpyrol~ BeKTOp I,= MexxeT Ha-
npaB~IexIle xoTSI H I;OBOJIbHO 6blcTpo, xo H~IaBHO, IIpoxoRH =ie-
pea aaxaRxble pyM6br (HO xpa~Ixe~I Mepe, B KpacxouBeTxoH
cBHTe).
7. Cpeuxxe axaueHHx cK.noxexi~x x xaK.noxeHgx ecTecTBexxoil
OCTBTO~HOH HBMarHH=IeHHOCTH j{JISI HOpMaJIbHbIX II OCpaTHbIX 3OH
B pa3HbIX OTJIOSKeHHHX pa3JIHBHbi H HOKa3bIBaIOT OIIpeJ~eJIEHHO Ila-
IIpaBJIeHHyIO TOHJ~eHI~HIO K H3MeH0HxI0 C BO3paCTOM.
KaK CJIeJ);CTBxe 3T]3X IIOJIO}ICeHI3x:
g. HOJIHOCTbIO IIOJ~TBepHfRaeTCH rHIIOTe3a XocIIepca o pHTMH=I('-
CKMx H3M0HOHFIHX MarHHTHOTO HOJISI B reOJlOrx=IeCKOM MaCIIITa6e
I3peMEHx - x3blOxeHHHX, BbIpaxcaloII.~IIXCH B IIepeMeHaX MOCTaMH
MarHHTHbIx HOJIIOCOB e3OMJIII, =ITO IIpO33CXOJ~HJIO ~{OBOJIbHO 6bICTpO:
=lepe3 IIpOMe}KyTKH BpeMeHH OT HeCKOJIbKHX COTEH TbICH=I J~O ~eCFITKa
AixJIJIHO}IOB JIeT.
9. IIepeMexa Ho.nxpxocTll rtilarxiaTxoro IIo~Ix 3eMJIH HpollcxoRxT
BcposlTxo IIyTenl RBH~ICexxH MarHHTxbIx Ho~IlocoB Ho IIoBepxxocTH
cjeMJII3 oT oRxoro ycTOg=IHBOro xx IIo~IOxcexxx Ro Apyroro, a xe IIy-
TeM paaMarxIIUHBaxHU 3eM~IH, T. e. yMexbIIIexHH IIo~IH g xaMarxII~x-
BaxHSI B HOBOM xaxpaB,rreHxx, HpoTiaBOIIO,aoxcHOM HpexcxeMy. B BeK
KpaCHOI~BCTHOH CBHTbI (cpeRxxH HJIHOI[eH) cel3epxblH MarHHTHbII3
HOJIIOC B HpOI[eCCe IIepCbiCHbI HOJIHpHOCTH reODiarHHTHOTO HOJIH ]~BYI-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
ra.ncx, IIO-BHJ~IIMOMy, IIpII6JIx3HTeJIbHO xO blepx,I~xaHy, IIpOXOJ~H 3Ha-
LIIITeJIbHO 3aIIaJ~Hee HaIII0rO paI3OHa.
I0. IIOJ;TBepHCRaGTCII HaJlgtIxe yCTaHOBTIeHHOrO IIO J~pyrIInl MaTe-
pI3aJIaM McJ{JIeHHOPO HaIIpaBJIeHHOPO I33M0HOHPiSi 3eMHOPO M8rxi3T-
HOPO IIOJIFI, BbIpaxcalOII(erOCx B IlepebleH;exlIx reOMarHIITHOIi OCg
OTHOCI3TeJIbHO IIOBepXHOCTx c~eMJII3 yI COOTBOTCTByIOH~eM IIepeMOII;e-
HxII POOMarHIITHbIX IIOJIIOCOB. TaK Ka K, COPJIaCHO COBpeMOHHbIM rH-
IIOTe3aM, MarHIdTHOe IIOJIe c~3eMJIx TOCHO CBH3aH0 C e0 BpaIl~eHxeM
BOKpyP OCII (cM. r~I. I ? 2) I3, IIO-Bx,I;IIMOMy, B O6II;eM xM0JI0 J~I3IIOJIb-
Hblx xapaxTep, TO HaxReHHbie IIO MarHIITxbIM J~aHHbINt IIOJIOSICeHHA
MarHIITHbIX IIOJIIOCOB FIBJIHJII3Cb 6bI B TO xce BpeMx II xO.ROSKeHIITIMx
reorpac~xuecKIIx IIo,nlocoB B cooTBeTCTByIOII;xe 3IIOxx. TaKgM o6pa-
30M, HaxIII J~aHxble TaKxce IIoRTBepxcRaloT xa.nll~Ige IIepeMeII;exIIa
reorpac~IIxecKIIx IIo~IlocoB s reoalorg~ecxoai MacluTa6e BpeNiexx.
I#poMe Toro oxli yxa3blBaloT xa To, PTO aTO xepeMeH;exIIe xe IIpexpa-
TII~IOCb IIo.nxocTblo B IIa~Ieorexe, xaK c~IIITaeT Xocxepc [1955],
a IIpoAo.axca.irocb x B xeorexe.
OcTaxosxhicx xecxo~Ibxo 6o.rree IIoRpo6xo xa TpeX IIoc~IeAxxx
BbtsoRax, xexocpeRcTBeHxo KacaloII;~IxcII Apesxero MarxxTxoro IIo~ISI
3eM.aH.
E>qe paa IIoRuepxxeM, PTO xaIIie Tonxosaxxe pxTMx~eclcoro ~e-
peRosaxIIx xopnla~Ibxo II o6paTxo xaMarxlluexxbtx Sox B pa3pe3ax
TpeTxuxbtx oT~IOxcexxl~ 3aIIaRxoK TypKMexKx KaK cneAcTBIISI pI3TMII-
uecKllx o6pax;exxH IIoalapllocTx IIo~IU oRxopoRxoro IIaMarxII~IexIlx
3eMng HBJISIeTCII, IIO-BSI~gMOMy, eJ~xHCTB8HH0 BO3M0?KHbIM. B CaMOM
~e~Ie, Mbi yCTBHOBIIJIx, tITO:
1) II3MOHOHxC HaIIpaBJIOHIia BeKTOpa In IIpg IIepexoAe OT 3oxbl
K 3OHe IIpOIICXOJ~HT IIJIaBHO, IIpI3ileM Kaxf~bIr3 paa O~(IIHaKOBbIM o6pa-
30M,
~) HOpMaJIbHO H o6paTxo xaMarxlI=Iexxbte 3OHbi, KaK x IIepexoA-
xbte c.nog xx B Kaxol~ cTexexx xe oT~Ix~IaloTCx Apyr oT Apyra IIo Rpy-
rIIM MarxHTHbIM cBOI~cTBahi, KpoMe xaxpaB.aexxx BeKTOpa In,
:3) BbI,i~eJIeHHble MaPHgTHble 3OHbI IIpOCJlextxBaIOTCR IIO BCOM x3y-
LIexHbIM HaMH IIapaJITeJIbHbIM pa3pe3aM, RaSKG OTCTOSIII~gM Rpyr OT
~pyra xOTITII Ha ~~DU k.ht,
4) pxTMx'IeCKOe LICpeJ~OBaHHO HOjIMaJIbHO II O6paTH0 HaMarHIILIeH-
HbIX 3OH - fIBJIeHIIe, OTMeLIeHHOe xe TOJIbKO J~JIFI McJIOBbIX II TpETIITI-
HbIX OTJIOHCeHHx TypKMOHxII, HO II J;JIH RpyrxX OTJIO}KeHII$ - C8MOrO
pa3JIxiIBOPO BO3paCTa x H3 CaMbIX pa3JII3LIxbIX paHOHOB 3eMHOPO IIlapa
(CM. rJI. I) - T. e. SIBdIeHIIe, pacxpOCTpaHOHHOe IIO BCeI3 reoaiorxxe-
cxog xo.noxxe, IIpx~eM slB,aexge II~IaxeTapxoro MacxlTa6a.
IIepBbte TpII c~aKTa oTBepraloT IIpeRIIO.noxcexxe oTOM; PTO ~Iepe-
,i(OBaHxe HOpMaJIbHO x O6paTH0 xaMarxI3ileHHbIX 3OH BbI3BaH0, Haxpg-
Mep, IIepIIOAYIileCKIIM IIOCTyIIJIeHgeM II OTJIO}KeHIIeM B COCTaBe OCaAKa
CJIOSKHbIX (~eppOMaPHI3THbIX MIIHepaJIOB, IIpeJ~CTaBJISIBIIIIIX CO-
6oil TBepAbte pacTBOpbI oAxoro c~eppoMarxxTxKa B RpyroM. IIpII
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pacllaRe aTNx pacTBOpoB MHxepaJlbllble aeplla ueHCTHHTeJIbxo, xalc
uoxaaaJl I~aBaII [1954], MorJIH HepeivteHHTb HepBOxa~IaJlbxoe HaHpa-
BneHNe BexTOpa In Ha o6paTxoe II Bb1aBaTb o6paTHylo HaMarHNUex-
xocTb cooTBeTCTIiyxIH~Hx cJloeB. O~Halco HH nJiasxblx HepexoAoB Me>icAy
3OHaMN, HH HOJIHOH HJ~eHTHTIIiOCTH MarHHTHbIX CBOHCTB HOpMaJIhHO
H O6paTH0 HBMarHHiICHHbIX HOpOJ~ B 3TOM CJly~iae HC MOrJIO 6bI 6bITb.
Moalcxo cAeJlaTb ell~e oRHO HpeAHOJIO~FCeHHe: c~eppoMarHriTHbie
MHHepaJlbl, c xoTOpbIMH cBxaalia Ha6JIIORaeMax ecTecTBexxaH ocTa-
To~Hax HaMarHH~Ie7ixocTb, Ho Iiceazy paapesy HMeJIH cJloxcHb71~ cocTaB
H HocJle oTJloxceHHSI ocaAxa HepelvlarxNTHJIHCb B HaHpaBJIeHHH,
HpoTHBOrIO.noxsxonl HepBOHaiiaJlbxoMy. B paaJIHilHbix ycJIOBNHx oca~-
xoo6paaoliaHHU, 1coTOpble MorJIH Bo BpeMeHN IISMeHSITbcFI pHTMII-
tIeCISH, BO3HHICJIH E~eppOMarHHTHbIO t[aCTHLIIfH pa3JIHTiHOI'O ra6HTyca
(paaMepoB, c~opMbl), c pasJlH=IHOH cTenexblo cTa6HJIbHOCTN HX ecTC-
CTBCHH013 OCTaTOLiHOyI HdMarHH'ICHHOCTH. B J~aJ[bHCHHie111 3OHbI C MC-
HCC CTa6H~TbHbIDIH 'IaCTHI[aMH HepCMBrHIITHJIHCb Ii HaHpaBJICHHYI 3eN1-
HOPO MBPHHTHOPO IIOJIH, a CO CTa~HJIbIIbIMH - OCTaJIHCb HaMarHH~eII-
HbIMH O~paTHO. B 3TOiV1 CJIyTIaC MOPJIO HOJIyYHTbCSI II IIJIaBHOe H3MC-
HCHHC BCKTOpa In HpII HCpGXO~e OT 3O1[bI IC 3OHe, H3-3a tIaCTH~1HOPO
HCpCMarlIHilYpiali'IISI, BCC hOJIeC HOJIIi'OPO IIO MCpC TOPO, lial5 4aCTPIIjbI
cTaHOBaTCx Bcc rleHee HoRxouxH;HMr~ ;~JIx coxpaHeHHx HepnoHa~aJlb-
Horo HarlpaBJICHHH In. MorJro 6bITb HeaaMeTHbIM N pasJIHz1He H Mar-
I[HTHbIX cBOHCTBax Mex,Ry o6paai~aMH c o6paTHOK, HpoMexcyTO~HOK
H IiopMaJlbHOii. BaMarHH~eHHOCTbIO.
OuHaho B sTOn1 cJryuae HaHpaBJIeHHe BeicTOpa ?I~ B HepexoRlibix
cJloxx uoJlxcHO 6blJio 6b1 6bITb p{er~cTBNTCJIbHO cTporo HpoMexcyTO~-
HbIM - reo~lerpHYCCxx cpeRHHM Me>xRy ~ByMSI xpaHHHnIH rtoJloxte-
IiHfIMM; Be1;TOp In ,SoJI~7eeH 6bIJI 6bI HpH Hepexoue oT soHbl x soiie
BpargaTbcx B HJIOC1;ocTH HepclvlarHHLIeHHH, Ii xauzenl cJlyuae (HaReliHe
cJloeB, 6JIHalcoe h ceBepHO~1y HJIFI Io~ICHOMy) HouTH BepTHxaJIbHO7~,
a IIe =iepes aa77a,SHbie pyM6bl, Ical; aTO Ha6JIIORaeTCS[ c~axTra~IecicH.
C HsJlo>IeeHHOiz ToxxH spexHx 6biJro 6bI Heo6~sxcHHMr~M Taxxce
HOCTOHHCT13O CTpaTHPpaI~HiICCI4OP0 HOJIOSI{CHHH MBrHHTHbIX 3OH B IIpC-
ReJlax Bcei~ 3aria~HOii TypliMeHHH, a Tax~lie IHHpol;oe pacllpocTpaxe-
1~Ne (HO BepTHxaa~H H Ho ropHSOHTa~zH) H HoBCeMecTxo oRHHaxolihl~7
XapaxTCp iiCpCJ~OBaHHH O~paTHO H IIOpMaJIbHO HaMarHHHeHHbIX 3Oli.
TC iICC CabIhIC }IeHpCO;~OJIHTaTHOro r[o.nsi 3eM.ag. c~TI3 gHBepcgx
npo~cxoRg~n, xax uoxaabtBaioT xa~g RaxBbie, TeM ua~e, ~eM ~bi-
crpee nsMeax~gcb xoopRgaaTbi xo.aioca. Tax, ne3xaunTenb$oe ~zsMe-
~zeage xoopRgxaT as BpeMx oT cpeRae~ iopbi Ro ~asteorexa Bx~ioq~-
Te,ab$o cooTBercTByeT, ec.ag cyRgTb uo *~HC~y xaMe~aion~Bxcst B Meno-
Bbix B xaxeorexoBbix oTnoxcexBxx so~z c IIpoTrzBOUO.aoxcxbtMg xaupa-
B.ae>~gRMH In, xe 6o.aee RecaTB o6pa~eaBxM uo~xpaocTn aeMr~oro
MarxHTxoro ~zo~x - as upoMexcyTOx BpeMexx uopxRxa 100 Mhx. ~teT.
C Apyrog cTOporzbI, TOJIbxO B Teeea~e IInHOueHa (.~ 10 M~a. ~eT)
no~xpxocTb MarxgTaoro uoxx 3eMnn xaMeBxxacb no xpag$eg Mepe
13 paa S B cooT$eTCTSB>a C 3TIIM, ~3MBHe$I3e xoopRgBaT ceBepaoro
IIo.aioca B Te~exHe u.nxouexa RoBO~b$o axa~HTenbBO. ~Ta aaxoaoMep-
xocTb uoRTBepxcRaeTCA Taxxce x nnTepaTyp$biMn RaxHblMg p(~a 6onee
paxa~x anox (cM. cTp. 61-62).
11 A. H. XpaMOs
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CpaBllexxe MexcRy co6ol~ xalxxx Raxxblx, oTHOCxx;xxcx x paa-
JlHUxbIM oT'peaxaM xJlz3ouexol3oro BpeMexH, xoxasblBaeT, uT'o xp0-
MexcyTxx BpeMexH, xoTOpbIM cooTbeTCTByeT oRHa reoMarxIITxax
3xoxa, xo xpa~Ixei~ Mepe Ho xopslAxy BeJlxuIIxbl, B xJI33ouexe ocTa-
BaJlracb oRHxaxoBblMH. J~eKCTBxT'eJlbxo, B paapeaax xJlHOuexa 3a-
xaRxo~I TypxMexxx He 6bIJIO o6Hapyxcexo Taxxx paaJlIIUxH B MoII{-
HocTSIx MarxxT'xblx 30x, xoTOpble xeo6xolaMelon;xivtcx ouexxaM a6coJIIOTHOro BoapacT'a xxTepecylolljHx xac
OCaJ~KOB, xOJIyuI3Tb IIpOROJI?IfxTEJIbHOCTb OJ~IIOx rCOMaPIIxTHOx 3xOXI?
xJIIIOr;exa. Xocxepc oueHxJl ee B 0,25-0,5 MJIH. DIET [1955.
rIOIIbITaEMCH x MbI xOJIyLILiTb OI~Exxy 3TOI'O BpeMExx, xCXOJ~fI H3
IIaJIEOMBrxIITHbIX J~axHblX, xOJlyueHxbIX B ~aHaJ~xOi3 TypISMEHH>3.
OT HaLIaJIa OTJIO?ISEHxSI KpaCHOi[BETHOx CBYITbI MaJloro BaJlxaxa Yi RO
BEpXHEaIIxIEpOHCICOPO BpEMeHx, IIO HaIIIHM I~aHxblM, MO?KHO HaCLIxTaTb
13 reoMarxxTHblx sxox. IIpxxxMax, uro oT Bepxxero axulepoxa Ao
xaxzero BpeNlexII xpolHJla xoJloBHxa axoxH xopMaJlbxoro xoJlx,
cJleAyeT cuI3TaTb, uTO oT xoxua xgxcxero HJIHOuexa xac oTAeJIxeT
13,5 reoMarxgi'xblx axox. PTO xo ?I~xHblo cocTaBJIxeT 4,2, a xo Map6JIx
[B. B.' BeJloycoB, 1954] - 8,3 MJIH. DIET: COOTBETCTBEHHO xoJlyuaeM
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IIpOJ{OJISHIITedIb$OCTb OJ~HOH POObIaPxxTHOI3 3xOXII B O,3 II O,6 MJIH. JIOT.
8TII i;HC~pbt xaxoRslTCx B xopolHeM cor~IacIIII c ouexxol~ XoeIIepca
(0,25-0,5 M.ax. ~IeT). Tax xal; y xac xeT xIIxaxIIx Raxxblx R.ax Toro,
*ITO6bI oTRaTb xpeRxo~Texxe xaxol~-~III6o xs ~IeTblpex uII~Ip, zcaK xag-
6o~Fee Bepxol~, xpxxo~xTCa BbIiIIICJIIITb IIs xIIx cpeRxee H c~IgTaTb,
uTO oRxa reoMarHIITxaa aIIOxa B x.aIIOuexe oxsaTblBa~Ia xpoMexcyTOx
BpeMexII B 0,4 ~ 0,1 MJIH. ~IeT.
T-ITO xacaeTCx cpeRxe~F xpoRo,nxcIITe~IbxocTx oRIIOH reoMarxPtT-
HoI~ sxoxII B Me~IOBOe II IIa~IeorexoBOe BpeMa, To oxa, cocTaBnsl~Ia,
xo-BHAIIMOMy, oxo~IO 7-10 M~Ix. ~IeT.
7. ~IIWT ~BCiIJIQHCHIIfI H kOpFedIHI(HH HeKOTO]'bIR pa3pC30B
IIJIIIOI~eHa e3aIIAj[HOki T3'pICMeHHH IIaJIeOMarIIIITHbIM M@TOj(OM
Pe3yJibTaTbI II3yTIeHIIfI IIpIIpop{bI BexT'opa eCT0CTB0HHOx OCTaTOiI-
HOH xaMaPHIILIOHHOCTx OCaI~OLIHbIX xOpO~[ 3axaRxol~ TypxMexIIg,
xapaxTepa xaMexexIIx ero xaxpaB.aexIIx xo paapesarz x cTexellx BbI-
RepalcaxxocTII aTOro HaxpaB~IeHIISI xo ~IaTepa~FII, Ha~IOxcexxble B xpe-
J~bIJ{yII;eM pa3Ae.ne, x03BOJISIIOT Cj~eJlaTb OGOCHOBaHHbIH BbIBO~ O B03-
Mox;xocTII xoppe~IauHII x pac~I~IexexIISl paapeaoB x~IIIOuexoBblx oT.ao-
xcexII?z 3axaRxoi~ TypxMexIIg xa~FeoMarxIITxbIM McTORoM. I~paTxo
C(~OpMyJlIIpyeM Te OCHOBHbIO xOJIO?IfeHHSI, I{OTOpble J[aIOT B03M07IiHOCTb
Cj{eJIaTb 3TOT BbIBOJ[.
1. ~JigOI[exOBble OTJIO?ISOHIISI 3axaRxoi~ TypxMeHxx coAepxcaT
J~OBOJIbHO ~OJIbHI0I3 xpouexT xopoR, coxpaxIIBxlIIx IIepBOxa~anbxoe
HaxpaB.nellHe ecTecTBexxoH ocTaTOUxoi~ xarlarHHUexxocTII, oTBe~alo-
H;ee xaxpaB~IexIIlo Bel:TOpa ~IOxa~FbHOro aeMxoro MarHIITHOro xo~ISI
sIIOxII o6pasoBaHIIH oca~xa.
2. 8TH HopoRbl xeTpyRxo oTr;e.aHTb oT xepenzarHII~Iexxbix, BbIRe-
7IIIB TaxIIM o6paaoM Aaxxble, xapaxTepIISyloH~xe MarHHTxoe xo~Ie
3IIOXII OTJI073ieHIISI Ka?ICROI3 TOJIx;H.
3. IIO 3TIIM J~aHHbIM, B pa3pe3aX HJIIIOI[CHOBbIX OTJIO}ICeHIII3 3aIIa~-
HOH TypxMeHIIH BbIJ{eJISiIOTCSI DIaPHIITHble 30HbI c oxpeAe~IexxblM,
xopMaalbxblM IIIIII o6paTHbIM xaxpaB.aexxeM BexTOpa ecTecTBeHtzol~
ocTaTOUHOI~ xaMarxII~exxocTII, oTBe~Ialox;IIe AByM xo.nxpxocTxM Mar-
xHTlloro Ho,nx 3enz.aII B x.nxouexe.
4. HopNla.nbxble II o6paTxble nlarxIITxble aoxbl B paapeaax uepe-
RyloTCx I~IexcRy co6ox, oTpa~FCax pIITMIIUecxIIe xaNlexexIIx xoalapxocTH
MarHIITlloro xo~Fx 3eM~Ix, IIpoxcxoRxl~IIe xepea xaxcRble 400 Tblc. ~IeT.
5. MarxIITxble aoxbl xe To.nbKO xpoc.aexcHBaloTCx B .naTepa nbxoM
xaxpaB.nexIIH B IIpeue.nax o~xol~ cTpyxTypbl, Ho Raxce B BecbMa yRa-
7IeHHbIX Rpyr OT RpyPa pa3pe3aX COHOCTc`1BJIHIOTCFi Me:xAy co6ol~.
6. I{Oppe~IxuIISI pa3pe30B IIyTOM COIIOCTaBJIeHIIfI MaPHIITHbix
30x ~y;{eT xOCHTb a6COJIIOTxbIH XapalSTep, xOCIiOJIbI{y PpaHxl~bI MexcRy
30HaMx COOTBOTCTByIOT IIepeMOHaM IIOJISIpHOCTII 3e-IHOPO MaPx$THOPO
xo~Ix, xpoIICxoRxx;xM ouHOBpeMexxo xo BceH 3erl~Ie. ~ -
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_.
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7. HO 3TOI3 5I{e xp$TII3He paciIJlexexxe OCaJ~OLiHbIX TOJIII( Ha 30HbI
6yJ~eT fIBJISITbCH yxl3BepcaJIbxbIM, HpxileM xaxcRax 30Ha 6yReT COOT-
BBTCTBOBaTb oxpeRenexxoMy IIpoatexcyTxy BpeMex$ - 400 Tbzc. ~FeT.
cOTg I~axTbl II03BOJI$JII3 HaM IIp0$aBOCT$ OIIbITHyx) xoppe.axr;r3Fo
g pacenexeHge II~F>~or;exosblx oT~FOaxex$~ LIe~Fexexa, Ma~IOPO Iia~F-
xaxa x I~FOpeHRara.
06xaxcaFOn~axcx llacTb xpacxoi~BeTHOiI cB$TbI LIe.nexexa, xax y~xe
6SIJI0 cxaaaxo, 6bIJIa $poi~Aexa HaM$ c oT6opoM op$exT$poBaxxblx
o6paai;oB IIo HSIT$ IIpoc~$~tslM, IIepecexalox;$M i;exTpa~Fbxyio, c$~Fbxo
pacceuexxyFO c6pocaMU ~IacTb LIenexexcxoH cxnaRxII - oRxospeMexxo
C IIOCJIOI3HbIM OII$Cax$eM COOTBeTCTByIOII($X paape30B, xOTOpOe xpOIIa-
BoRxnocb H. H. ~opxzeM $ C. H. I#onxRHbIM. c~T$M$ xce reonoraM$
B xoRe IIOJieBbIx pa6oT 6bIJI0 oxpeRe~Fexo Ho~IOxcexge B paapeae xa?IS-
Roro TexTOx$~ecxoro 6noxa, orpax$ueHHOro c6pocaM$. TaxgM o6-
paaoM, Haxz$ o6paaubl IIony~I$~F$ xaRexcHyFO Hp$Bxaxy x paapeaaM
IIo xaxcRoMy IIpoc~$nx), ~ITO ~a~FO BoaMOaxHOCTb IIOCTpO$Tb rpac~xx
$aMeHeIIIIfi BOCIIpgxMiI$BOCTFI $ BeJi$iIIIHbI eCTOCTBeHHOI3 OCTaTO~FxOI3
HaMarHgTlexHOCT$, aTax?xe CxJIOHOH$Si II xax~FOxex$x BEICTOpa eCTe-
CTBQHHOI3 OCTaTOiIHOII HaMarHH`IOHHOCTFI HO xa}If~{OMy $3 *IeTbipex
paapeaoB (Ha pIIC.42 B xa~IecTBe IIp$Mepa IIpgBeueHbI xapaxTepxcTxx$
IIo paapeay IIpoc~$asI I-I). 3aTeM cooTBeTCTByIOn~$e rpac~>3x$ 6blJig
coxocTaBnexbl MexcAy co6oF~.
Ha p$c. 43-46 Hp$BeAexo co$ocTaB,ae$$e $aMexexII~F $ x, lr,, DJ
IIo xaxcRoMy $a paapeaoB, cocTaB~Iexxblx Ho IIpoc~H~FxM I-I, II-II,
III-III, IV-IV $ V-V (cM. pgc. 7 cTp. 74). Ppac~$x$ x, In,
D $ J coCTaB~Fexbl Toalbxo IIo RaHHbIM, oTHOCxm~HMCx x xpacxo>;BeT-
HbIM rn$xaM I3 aalellpo~F$TaM $, crteAosaze~FbHO, oTpaxcax)T $aMexexgR
MarH$Txblx IIapaMeTpoB IIo paapeay HMexxo ,~.ast sT$x IIopo~. IIecga-
IISxII He IIp$H$MaJIgCb BO BxI3MaH$e IIO TOI3 IIpOCTOI3 IIp$LI$He, iITO $X
Oiiexb MaJIO B HaIIIeI3 xOJiJlexi~$$, TOPj{a xax B paapeae OHI3 COCTflBJISIIOT
6onee IIo~IOB$HbI ero IIo MovgxocT$; IIp$ y~eTe o6paauoB IIec*IaHIIxoB
IIaMexex$x MarxIITHbFx IIapaMeTpoB, xapaxTepxbFe R~Ix anesponl3TOB
~ r~FgH 13cxaag~I$cb 6bI, a B peay.abTaTe MbI xe IIo.ay~I$.a$ 6bI II xaxoro-
To epeRxero IIx $aMexex$R IIo paapeay, Tax xax IIec~ax$x$ y xac IIpeR-
cTaB~Fexbl Hexpoxop~goxa~Fbxo Hx axa*IeHIIFO B paapeae. IIp$~$xa xce
Taxoro yMbIIII~Iexxo xe$po$opu$oxa~Fbxoro IIpeRcxaB$Te~FbcTBa IIopoR
B xo~F~FexugII xcxa IIa IIpeRbFRyII;ero >aa~FO~FCex$x (cM. cTp. 139-141).
CHOCO6 IIocTpoeHg>3 rpac~gxoB ga~FOxreH B r~F. II, ? 4.
PaccMOTpIIM cxaua~Fa $aMexex$x IIo paapeaaM cxansipxblx Mar-
II$THbIx xapaxxep$cTxx. Jlerxo aaMeTgTb, uTO sT$ gaMexeH$ss B Re-
Ta~Fxx He coBIIaRaioT R~Fx paa.a$uHbFx paapeaoB, oAxaxo o6x;$~F xapax-
Tep gX COXpaHxeTCx I;JisI BCOX LIeTbIpex paapeaoB. MarHIITHax
BOCIIpII$MtI$BOCTb, $aMeHfIFICb ]~OBOJIbxO MaJIO, BCe ixe BO BCOX CJIy-
~axx o6xapyxsgBaeT xcxyFO TeHAeHr;Hlo x yse.a$uex$IO csepxy BHIIa
(pxc. 43). Be~F$~FgHa ecTecTBexxor~ ocTaTO~IxoH HaMarxx~IexxocTH
xoxaablBaeT 6o~Iee axau$TealbHble $ 6o~Iee ~xc~c~epexu$posaaxbFe
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Q aneo.~caaxumxbae ucerce8oeaxura a 3ana~x.ou Typx.wexuu 165
gaMexeHgx B BepTHlcanbuoM HanpasneHHm (pgc. 44). ByRyur3 xag-
BbtclHeK B Hepsol~ H BTOpoH Hauxax, olta HHxce yMeubtuaeTCa, Ro-
cTxraeT MIIHIIMyI~ta B cepeRHHe ~eTBepTOH Ha~I;H, aaTeM cuoBa Boapa-
cTaeT r3 RepxcxTCSt HpHMepuo xa oRHOM ypoBHe Ro xoHi;a. Taxoi~
xapaxTep HaMeaeHHSt Be.nH~ttHbt I,= coxpaxsleTCa Ho BceM ueTblpeM
Hay~eHHbIM paapeaaM. I~Ia rpac~gxoB x x I? BxRHO, xTO o6Haxcaio-
H~ytocx ~acTb xpacltouBeTHOH cBxTbt LIe~Iexeua Ho Be.ar3~gHaM x cooT-
HOIII0HgI0 x II I? MO?I{HO pa3~HTb Ha TpI3 =IaCT13 - BepXHI0I0 (HepBax
H BTOpax Ha=Ixg) - c BbtcolcHMB axaueHrtxMU In x yMepeHHbtMx -x,
cpeRHtoto (TpeTbst H =IeTBepTax Hauxg) - c HoHg7lceuablMTd alta~e-
HgHMII I? H yMepexHbtMU x H xgHCHtoto (HStTafi, HlecTaR x ceRbMa>i
Haxxg) - c HoBbIIHexHbIMH axa~eHltxMIt l? x x. CpeRHxe aua~eHHx
In g x R~tx aTxx Tpex uacTe~t To~ttt;H (HO BceM paapeaaM) HpBBeReHbt
B Tav'.n. 22 (=IHCJIHTeJIb - In, 3HaMOHaTeJIb - 7L).
Ta6nulya 22
3HayCHiIH I,y 11 74 HO 11a3Fle 3aM Ii]IaC HO[(BCTHOII CBNTbI ~C7IC IQCHa
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paapeaoB uo Be~IU~HHaM x H In MoxceT HbteTb nI~HIb MecTHOe aHaue-
HI30.
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eCT0CTB8HHOi3 OCTaTO=IIIOH HaMaPHIIileHHOCTYI HO I33yHeHHbIM paape-
aaM. 3Tx IaaMeaeHHx BbtpaaxeHbI B BxRe yr,aos clsstoxeHl3x ~t Hax~tolle-
HHH, H3MeHeHgH 3HaiIOHHt3 IfOTOpbIX HO paapeaaM LI30~pa1I{aIOTCH
rpac~xlcaMH puc. 45 H 46.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Pxc. 42. MaraxT~,ie aapaxTepxcTx~cx o~rnoxceHxH xpacxogseTxo~ csxT~ LIene-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ilarceo.,waereumrebee ucenzBoeaMUn a 3ana8rcou Typx.ncetsuu i69
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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IIonslpxocT$ aeMxoro MarHIITHOro IIo~IH, IIpo$cxoRgBIIlse oRHOBpeMexxo
nto BceH 3eMne.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ilaneo.tica2xumu~ce ucc~ce8oeat{usa a 3ana8uou Typx.ncexuu 171
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~FOrII~IecxoM MacIIiTa6e BpeNZeHII: A~IIITe~IbHbFe, B coTxII Tblcx*I II MIIJI-
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saeT II xaII6o~Fee par;IIOxa~IbHbli~ crloco6 pacxnexexxx H xoppenxuIIII
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.MecTe, rAe xpIIBax xax.nolzeHxx IIepecexaeT ocb xy~FesbFx 3HaxeIIHg,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
gng xee B ToM McCTe, rue xpgBasl cIfnoHexgH HepecexaeT ocb D =
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paangngH B axaxexgxx D g J 6bIJi0 CbI BIIOnHe j~OCTaTOLIHbIM.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
B xaute~t xce cxygae oTAe~bxr~e paapeas~ oxBaTr~BaioT xg6o ~acTa
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
ax'iarblJlbcxIIMII II aIIIIlepoHCxIIMII oTJloxcexIISIMII I~IOpexAara. Talc,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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A ar e r, c a x A p o n B. B., H x x rrr x q H. H. Mazr,r%i Iianxax. Tp. PI'PS',
Bbrx. 14, 1930.
Aarx-3aJ{P A. A. U Ii011THHeHT8JI6xbIX OTJIOHtexxxX IO-3 TypHMCIIHCTaxa.
Hsn. AH Typxhr. CCP, N 5, 1953.
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xx~rxble reoxorxgecxxe axoxx. Han. AH CCCP, T. VIII, ~`~ 6, cep. reorpa~i. a
reo~rxa., 1944.
A n b T r a y a e x O. H. B~rxxxxe oxxc~rerrxx rra ~rarxxTxr~re cnoitcTna
hlarxeTxTOn. J~AH, xon. cep., z. XXXI, N 7, 1941.
B e n o y c o n B. B. BxyTpexrree crpoexxe x paanxTxe 3enrarx x cne~re reo-
Ter.TOrrx~recxgx uaxxbrx. Tp. I'eo~ua. ux-~~a AH, N 26, (153). Boxpoc~ nrwl~p.
cTpoexxx x paanxixu aena~rx, cTp. 51-60, l~I., 1955. '
h e .r o y c o n B. I3. Ocxosxr,Ie noxpocbr reoTer;TOxxxx. ~I., 1954.
B e p c y A c h x 13 JI. Z[. I~ noxpocy o xpxYxrrax o6paTxor3 ~IarrrxTxoi~
xonxpxoc rx pyp{xbrx aaare:xeH Axrapo-Hnxivrcxoro pamorra. Tp. BocT.-Cx6xpcxoro
I'eox. TpecTa, nix. 20, Cnepunoscx-Mocxxa, 1937.
H e p K gyp., llI e p e p J~xt., C x a H c e p I'. CxpanoKxxx u~rsr reo~IOrox
xo c~xax~r. xoxcTaxTarvr. FIJI, M., 1949.
B o n o ru a x o x A. C. Cza6x~rbxocTb xopmra~Ihxoii xanlarxx~rexxoc~rx rop-
xvrx uopoA. Han. AH CCCP, cep. reo~rxa., N 5, 595-603, 1957.
B o x g x o n c x x 13 B. ~. B aax~xTy rxxo~eavr o xo;~xoponrrx -revexxxx
aenrrroro xrapa. Bec~?. hfocr;. yx-Ta, cep. c~rxa.-rra2. x ecTecTn. xayr;, xbxr. 4,
~~, 6, 1954.
li o p x c o x H. H. 8uerrpoMarxxTxr~H hrezou opxexrar~xx xepaox. Haygrr.
~rp. Hono~repxaccrcoro 1lonxTexx. xx-Ta, z. 26 (40), reos-paaseA. cexl~xx, 197,
1955.
B p o rr xr T e ii rr It"". 1'. 0 nrarrrx?rrroiz nocxpxrl~r~rxnocTx oca~ogxvrx xopoA.
1lpxhxaAxau reo~ixaxrca, C6. cTaTeii, nr~x. II, cep. 163, 1954.
B a c x ~~ a e n c x x ii H. :11. I'xRporeoxorxYecxxe xccxeRon'arrxx Boxr>mxx
lia.rxax. Tp. BPPO, xr,rx. 192, '~1.-JI.. 1932.
B e 6 e p B. H., IC a ~r x~ x x r~ K. P. t}e~rexex. Tp. Peox. x-ra, rron.
cep., nbrx. 63, 1911.
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CCCP. , N~ 2, 1940.
B e ru e s A. B. 3aBIICxMOCTb nlarxxTxori nocxpxx~r~nrxoc~rx ropxrilx xopoA x
pyR oz coAepxcaxxx c~eppoMarxxTxbrx xoMxoxexTOn. Tp. BHPPa, nrrx. }I, 1950.
B x c T e x x y c A. B. CpeAxxH xnxouex nocTO~rxoro Aaep6arrAxcarra x
o. LIenexerra (~rxTOCrpaTxrpac~xx). cUoxAbr BHHPPH, 1951.
B o x c o n c h x ii C. B., III y p H. C. ~eppoararxe2xa~r. bi.-JI., 1948.
r e ~ c x e p A. H. Il' noxpocy o6 orcpacxe xecTpouneTxr~rx oTZO>rcexgH.
3axxcxx Bcec. Mxxepa~r. o-xa, T. 78, JVe 2, cTp. 115, 1949.
P n e 6 o n c x x i3 I0. (:. O xpxYxxe BOCTOYIIO-Cx6xpcxoi3 ~ra7~epxlcosoi~
axoManxx nrarxxTxoro xo~IU. Han. AH CCCP, z. 19, \c 4, cep. reorp. x reoc~xa.,
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14 A. H. XpaMOs
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l10 Jlumepamypa
1' p a 6 o B c x x iI M. A. MarxxTxbre csoiicTBa c~eppxTOB x Hx axagexxe
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Ppa6oBCxxH NI.A.,HeTposa I'.H.,HcaxoBa JI.H.OBOa-
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cep. reo~ixa., N 1, cTp. 56-66, 1956.
1' p a 6 o B c x x ii M. A., H y m r, o s A. H. K Boxpocy o BoaxxxxoBexrrll
'OCTBTOYHOI3 HBMarIffiYeHFIOCTH O~paTHOI3 xOn BpIIOCTx B r'OpEIbIX xOpOJ{a X. I~I3B.
AH CCCP, cep. reoc~Ha., N 4, 1954.
J~ o n r x x o B C. III., O a e p c x a x M. JI. Hpx6op Ralx oxpeRenexrrsr
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,~ ro x o B A. I4. OxbIT Marxxzxol~ opxellTagxH sepxoB xa cxBaxcxx BOCTOY-
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K a 3 a H JI H ~. H. MBrxxTHOe none 3eMJIx x rny6xHlIble xprIYxxLI TEICTO-
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K a n a rx x x s o B A. 1'. I'eo:~IarrrxTxoe none, eBxab ero co cTpoexxenl
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K x T T e n r, LI. cUxaHYecl;ax Teopxx ~iepponrarxxTxblx o6nacTeH caMO-
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26
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
CTOHKOCTH 3TOro cpexoMexa, npeRynpexclcexxx ee B03HHKHOB2HHH,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
3~ 00060e BHHMaHHe Hay~IHO-I3CCJIEJ.(OBBTeJIbCKHX HHCTHTVTOB
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
4. CSHa1~NA OCTpb[X N XpOHH48CKHX GaKTCpHOHOCHTeJIeli
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
8. BJIH9HNe COKpa11~eHHA KOHTHHreHTOB, IIOJ[EepraBIHNXCA BBKI~N-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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coB xRMROTepanRR, npRMexexxe xoMORHauRR npenapaTOB, B ~IacT-
HOCTR McTOAa KOM6RHRpOB3HHOI%I IIMMyHOXRMROTepaHRR H T. .II?)?
I9. ANatHOCTHKa j[N3eHTepHN
I~ICnOJIb30B8HRe cyruecTBytoH>:Rx McTO,I(OB He o6ecne~IRBaeT
AOCT2T04H0 pauxero AR3rH03a j[R3eHTepRR. H2OC)X01(RMa ua.ab-
HeI3RIaH pa3pa60TKa McTOgRKR paHHCI-I ~MRKp06ROJIOrR~IeCKOH, Ce-
pOJIOrRTIeCKOI3 R K.lIRHRLIeCKOI3~ 1IRarHOCTRKR j[R3eHTepHR:
HaR6o.nbulRe TpyuHOCTR HpeACTBBJIHeT yCTBHOBJIeHRe ARarHO-
3a y MaJIeHbKRX AeTeH. Pa3peuleHRlo sTOrO Bonpoca 6yAeT cllo-
C06CTBOBBTb pa3pa60TKa paIjROHaJIbH013 KJIaCCR(~RKaItRR OCTpbIX
}KeJIyJjO~IHO-KRHIe~IHbIX 3a60JIeB8HR13 y z(eTeH paHHerO B03paCTa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
`Z0. CQeIjN(pH4eCKaA np0(pNJIaKTHKa ,gN3eHTepHN
CyIILeCTByK)HjHe BBKL[HHbI H McTOJ~bI HX HpHM2HCHHSI H2 ygOB-
dIeTBOpSIK)T HpaKTHKy, T3K K8K 3(pCpeKTHBHOCTb HX HeA0CT2TO~IHa.
I-Ie06XO,i[HMa pa3pa6OTKa, H3yLIeHHe H BHeApeHHe B HpaKTNKy HO-
Bblx HpenapaTOS.
ICI c H o n H H T e rI N pasAe.na V. Bce I'IDMI', ne,gHaTpH~ecxxe
N MejjHgHHCKHe HHCTHTyTbI, C2HHTapHO-3IIH,geMHOJIOrHYeCKHe CT2H-
uxH (CDC).
Paslten VI. BNPYCHbIE 3ABOJIEBAHNR
BI3pyCHble HH(~eKUHH HMeIOT 60JIbHI01i yJ~e.JIbHbIFI sec B o6rueK
3a60JIeBaeMOCTH HaCeJIeHHH. TaKHe HH(~eKuHH, KaK BHpyCHbIi~I
rpHHH, pa3H006pa3Hble He13pOBHpyCHble 3a60JIeBaHHSI, HanpHMep,
n~OJIHOMI39JIHT, 6eHI2HCTB0, KJIeH.jeBOI~I 3HueCpaJIHT, 9HHJjeMH~IeCKHI3
renaTHT, KOpb H reMOpparH~IecxHe ~IHxopaRxH, Tpe6yloT x ce6e
carvloro cepbesxoro gHHMaxxa, s nepsylo o~Iepe,ub, c ue.nblo pas-
pa60TKH T09HbIX H 06HjeijOCTyrIHbIX McTO,IIOB ,ijHarHOCTHKH, 3Cp(~eK-
THBHOH HpOIpHJIaKTHKH H TepanxH. B sxpyconorxH, xaK cpasHH-
TeJIbHO MOJIO,gOI-I OTpaCJIH MHKpOCHOJIOrHH, ,TjaJIeKO elite He BbIfiC-
HeHbI BOHpOCbI, CBSI3aHHble CO CBOIICTB3MH BNpyCOB, HX H3MeH~IH-
BOCTbK), 9HHJ~eMHOJIOPHeI3 MHOrHX BHpyCHbIX I-IHCpeKI[HI3 H HYTe:3
HX HepeAa~IH, I-I03TOMy pa3pa60TKa IfOCJIe1IHHX BOHPOCOB KpaIIHe
H2OCXOjjHMa, TaK KflI{ McTOAbI J[HBrHOCTHKH, JIe~IeHHSi H Hp0(pH-
JIaKTHKH He MOryT 6bITb HOJIHOL(eHHO pa3peHI2Hb1 6e3 TOYHOrO 3Ha-
HNH CBOI-ICTB BHpyCOB, H3TOreHe3a H 9HHAeMI3OJIOrHH Ba}KHeI3IIIHX
BHpyCHbIX HH[peKIjHId.
I-Ip06JI2MbI BHpyco.aorHH jjOJI}KHbI pasBHBaTbcst KOMIIJI2KCH0,
C 065i3aTeJIbHbIM y~aCTHeM, HOMHMO sxpycO.noros, Taxx{e snHue-
MHO.noroB, HHCpexuHOHNCTOS, HesponaTOnoroB H neRHaTpos.
B Te~eHHe 6.nHxcaHIHeH HSITHJIeTKH sax{HeKIHHMN HHCpexuHH;~IN,
Ha H3y~IeHHe KOTOpbIX AOJIx{HO 6bITb B nepByK) o~epez(b cocpeAo-
TO~IeHO SIiHM3HHe CHeI.jHaJIHCTOB, HB.TIHK)TCSi rpHHH, HeI3pOBHpyCHble
HH(~eKI(HH H 3HHj[eMH~IeCKHI-i reH3THT.
21. Cpxnn N OCTpbII7 KaTapp BepXHNX Z(61X1TeJIbHbIX nyTCf7
I-IepBOOYepe,gH6IMH BOHpOCBMH 3TOH IIp06JIe1~Ib1 SIBJIHK)TCSI: pa3-
pa60TKa McTOAOB 6bICTpOH, TOLIHOI3 N ,gOCTyHHOI3 ,gHC~{pepeHLjNaJIb-
HOI%I ,gNarHOCTHKN rpHnna N OCTpbIX xa'rappoB H paspa6oTxa 3cp-
C~YeKTHBHbIX McTO.gOB rIPOI~HJI3KTHKH jjaHHbIX 3a60JIeB8HNIi.
Tpy1~HOCTb pa3pa60TKN 3(p(peKTHBHbIX np0(pHJIaKTHYeCKNX N
~teue6Hblx MeponpHxTNH npN sTHx sa6o.nesaxxxx, B nepsylo o~Ie-
pegb~ 3aBHCHT OT OTCyTCTBHSi HaAex{xbIX M2T01[OB HX .gNarHOCTHKN,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
I103TOMy npll pa3pa6oTxe sanpocas, arxocxluHxcs- K Ilay~leHHlo
r(pHpOJ~bI I'pHnn03HbIX BCnbIlIIeK H McTOAOB J~I3arHOCTHKH, npOl~H?
naKTHKYi H JleileHHH rpxnna, Hea6xoAl3MO, xax npasx~no, nposo-
JZHTb COIIOCTSBJIeHHe C OCTpbIbIH KBTappaMl3 BepXHHX j(bIXflTeJIbHbIX
nyTeK, ~ITO, s nepsylo o~epeAb, Tpe6yeT pa3pa6orKx To~Hblx Me-
TOJ1,aB HX ,ijl3(~lC~lepeHUHaJIbHOI3 AI3arHOCTI3KH, a T8K}Ke BC2CTOpOHHe-
r0 BbISICHeHxSI 3TI30JIOrHI3, IIaTOreHe3a H paCIIpOCTpaHeHHOCTN
OCTpbIX KaTappOB. $gpyCbI, BbI3bIBalOUZxe rpHnn03Hble BCnbIIIIKH,
HeOJ~HOpOJ~HbI n0 CBOeH npxpOue, npHTieM MbI Blue He 3HaeM BC'eX
B03M0}KHbIX BapH2HTOB BHpyCOB rpHnna, BbI3bIBaK)LiI,HX nepxOUH-
~IecxH noBTOpsIloulxecx snHAeMxH.
HeoztxopouxocTb ocrpbix KaTappos HecaMHexxa, Ho Ao nocneA-
Hero speMexH B paculHCppasxe Hx npxpoAbl cAenaxa xpaHHe
Ma.no.
bOJIbLiIOe BHHMBHHe c.neAyeT 06paTHTb Ha Bb1HCH2HHe npHpO~IbI
~IaCTbIX 3a60JIeB8HI3I3 He'KOTOpbIX JIHu rpHnnOM K OCT'pbIM xarap-
pOM BepXHHX AbIX3T2JIbHb1X rlyTex FI lla B03M07KHyI0 CBSI3b HX C
XpOHH~ieCKHM TOH3HJI,III3T'OM.
Z[,rIH TO~IHOYI JjHC~(pepeHuHa~bHOII ,gHarHOCTYIKI3 rpxllna H OCT-
pbIX KaTappOB HMeeT CyIueCTB2HHOe' 3HaTIeHIIe CHCT2M8T13~IeCKOe
YI3y~IeHI3e OCa6eHHOCTeYI 3a~OJIeBaeMOCTH HaCeJIeHI"IH KaK rpl3nnOM,
T8K H OCTpbIMH KdTappaMl3, BbIHBJIeHI~Ie H3JIHTiHff HJIH OTCyTCTBHSI
I3X KOHTarA03HOCTH B Ka}Kj[OM ~IaCT'HOM c.nytIae, pOJIH KJIIIMBTHLIe-
cKI~Ix l3 McTeopo.norH~Iecxxx cpaxTOpos, a TaKxKe xivlMyxonorH~Ie-
cKHx oco6exxocTeH y Hace.nexKx, csoHCTS uxpKy~xpYlouzr3x ~"raM-
MOB I3 B03paCTa 3a60JIeBaK)LuHX, HeCMOTpH Ha 3Ha~IlITeJIbHOe KO-
,nH~IecTSO pa60T, Ony6JII3KOB3HHbIX B Te~IeHHe nOC~IeuHHX JIeT 06
OCOC)eHHOCTSIX Te~IeHI35I rpHnna H OCTpbIX K3TappOB B ,ueTCKOM 803-
paCTe, B TIaCTHOCTH B pa3Hble nepl30z(bI rpl3nn03HbIX 9nH1~eMi~III N
3HAeMxyl, BOnpoC 3TOT OCTaeT'CSI HC3aBepIIIeHHbIM H COXpaHA2T
CBOK) aKTyaJIbHOCTb. BaxcHblM BOrIpOCOM oCTaK)TCH T8K}Ke M2TOJZbi
Z[HarHOCTHKH, KJIHHHKH H ,TleTleHI35I napasKeHxx HepBH0I3 CI3CTeMbt H
BHyTpeHHNX OpraHOB.
O~IeHb aKTyaJIbHbIM x j[aJleKa euze He pelileHIibIM sonpocoM
acTaeTCx H saxuxxonpocpx~IaKTt3Ka rpxnna, a TeM 6o~Iee npoc~H-
,JIaKTI3Ka OCTpb1X KaTappOB. C.neAyeT 06paTHTb aC060e BHHMaHHC
Ha Ta, TiTO 3(~CpeKTI3BHOCTb BBKI.lI3HauHH npOTHB rpxnna onpeAe-
,nReTCSI He TOJIbKO Ka~IeCTBOM C8MOI3 BaK1I,IdHauHI3, HO I3 npaBH.nb-
HbIM y~IeTOM ee J[eI3CTBI~ISI, xoTOpbIH Tpe6yeT To~IHOx uHCpcpepeH-
ui3a.nbxoH AHarxocTxxH rpxnna oT ocTpblx KaTappos, cocTasnslo-
uzHx ocxorxylo Maccy sa6o,nesaxHH B Mexc3nxAeMx~lecxxe no
rpnnny nepxoubl.
ICI c n O .n H H T e~ H: JIexKxrpaucxHH nM. IlacTepa, CTa,rIHH-
rpaACKHYI H IIpHMOPCK13i3 H~Mr, MaCKOBCKIII3 nHCTHTyT yXa,
ropna H HOCa, r[eZ[I3aTpH~IeCKHO I3HCTHTyTbi B CBepAnOBCKe H ,TIe-
HHHrpalxe.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
22. HewposxpycHble HH(~eKI(HN
OCHOBHOe BHHM3HHe npH H3y~eHxH HeI3pOBHpyCHbIX HH(peKuxx
,T1,OJI}KHO 6bITb o6pautexo Ha IIOJII30MH3JIHT, 6euIeHCTBO H KJIeLue-
B033 3HI[e(paJIHT.
a) ROJIHOMH3JIHT.
B TeTieHHe IIOCJIe,gHHX JIeT IIOJIHOMH3JIHT, B CHJIy y~IaLueHHSi 3a-
60JIEBaeMOCTH, rIpHO6pen 3Ha~IeHHe HHCpeKUHH, 'rpe6ylouieH K ce6e
Cepbe3HOI'O BHHMaHHSi H BCeCTOpOHHerO H3y~IeHHH.
ECJIH ClapaJIHTH~IeCKHe CpOpMbI TIOJIHOMH3JIHTa paCrI03HatOTCA
jjOCTBTO~IHO JIerKO, TO Hei[apaJIHTI-ITieCKHe (pOpMbI, COCTdBJIHIOIIIHe
3Ha~IHTeJIbHbIId TIpOL(eliT BCeX 3a60JIeB2HHI%I IIOJiHOMH3JIIdTOM, He
BCerJ~a perHCTpxpyK)TCSI, npH 3THX yCJIOBHHX 00060 Ba]KHOe 3IIa-
'ieHHe HpH06peTaeT pa3pa60TKa M2TOj[OB paHHeH H TOTiH0I3 1IHar'-
HOCTHKH 3THX 3a60JIeBaHHI3 H KJIHHH~IeCKOe H3ytIeHHe CHMIITOMa-
THKH noc.neAxxx (pOpM.
B IIpOi[eCCe H3yTIeHHSI McTOAOB paHHeI3 AI3arHOCTHKH nOJIHOMH-
3JIHTa HeO~XOZ(HMO 06paTHTb Cepbe3H0e BHHMBHHe Ha 0006eHH0-
c'rH BHpycoB IIOJIHOMH3JIHTa B COIIOCTBBJIeHHH IIOCJIej[HHX C IIOJIHO-
MH3JIHTOII01x06HbIMH IIITaMMaMH, BHpycoM KOKCeKH, BHpyCOM 3H-
IZeCpaJIOMH3JIHTa MbIIIIeI3 TeH.nOpa H Ap.
B CBH3H C BOIIpOCflMH JjHarHO~CTHt{H Tpe6yK)T BbIHCHeHHSi H BO-
rlpOCbI 3fIHj[eMHOJIOrHH IIOJIHOMH3JIHTa.
B 06JIaCTH .ne~Ie6HbIX MepOIIpHHTHI%I rlepBOO~Iepe,gxol3 3aAa~eK
HBJIHeTCSi BbISICH2HHe 3Cp(~eKTHBHOCTH IIPHM2H2HHSI npH HOJIHOMN3-
JIHTe raMMarJI06yJIHHa.
6) K.aeu~eBaH 3Huecpa.aHT.
H3y~IeHHe 3nH,i~eMHOJIOI'HH, a TBKxce M2TOJ.~OB np0(pH1IaKTHKH H
,ne~IeHHH KJIeIueBOI'O 3HIIeCp3JiHTa OlIpej[eJIHeTCSI, B rlepByto OTie-
peRb, BonpocaMH KpaesoH naTO.aorHH. Pa3pa6oTxa 3TOH npoo~ze-
MITHKH JZOJIJKHa HTTH B Cne,gytoluHX HaIIpaBJIeHHHX: a) KJINIIIIKO-
JI260paTOpHaSI JjHarHOCTHKa pa3HbIX cpopM 3HuefpaJlHTa, tITO CBSi-
3aH0, B ~IaCTHOCTH, C nOJIy~IeHH2M HOBbIX H IIIHpOKHM HCrIbITaHHeRt
paHee IIpe.I[JIO}ICeHHbIX j[HarHOCTHKyMOB; 6) HCIIbIT3HHe 3(~(~eKTH6-
HOCTH CbIBO})OTO~iHOrO H Me,IjHK8M2HT03HOI'O JIe~IeHHSi, B) H3yTieHHe
IIPOTHBOKJIeIueBbIX CpeJjCTB.
B) beIIIeHCTBO.
rlpo6.neMa 6eluexcTBa Mox{eT npH HexoTOpblx yc.naBHSIx npH-
06peTaTb 3Ha~IHTenbHylO aKTyaJIbHOCTb )LTisi OPraHOB 3ltpasooxpa-
Hexxx, B cBS33H c ~IeM pa3pa6oTxa ee Aon~KHa npouo.nxcaTbcR.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Paspa60Txa JianxOH np06neMbl ,gon}KHa 6bITb HanpaB.Ilexa Ha yco-
sepulexcTBOSaxxe aHTHpa6ra~ecxxx BaxuxH H Ha xsy~IeH~Ie npH-
pOz[bI OCJIO}KHCHHI%I ~nOCTB3KLIHHaJIbHbie 3HL[eCpaJIOMH3.RHTbI) nOCJIe
aHTI3pa~H~IeCKHX npHBHBOK. bOJIbI1I0e 3Ha~IeHHe I3MeeT BbIHCHeHHe
McTOJIHKI3 npHBr3BOK, I3X pOJIN, K2K cexcH6Hrlnsxpyloluero opra-
HH3M areHTa, 3Ha~IeHHe OCJIa6JISiK)IunX MOMeHTOB B pa3B13THH OC-
JIO}KHCHHI3 H T. J.I.
H C n O JI H H T e JI H: .~eHI3HrpaJICKHI3 HM. naCTepa, KyI36bI-
IIIeBCKHI3, rOpbKOBCKnI3, TOMCKHI3, OMCKNi3, CBepJIJIOBCKFIH, POC-
TOBCKI-II3 H/J~oxy I~IDMI''I3; 1-I3 MOCKOBCKHI3, 1-x JIexxxrpaJlcKHH,
HpKyTCKHI3, Xa6aposcxxH, KyI16bIIU2BCKI-II3, MO,TIOTOBCKxH, ~6i-
CKI-II3, TOMCKnH, baluKHpCKHI3, CMOJIeHCKHI3 H HosOCH6r3pcxHH
Me1[HHCTHTyTbI.
23. ~RNJI'0MH4eCKNii rOnaTHT
$a}KHeI3nIHMI3 3aJlaTiaMH B H3yT~eHHH 3nHJIeMH~IeCKOCO renaTN-
Ta H Mep 60pb6bI C HHM OCTaK)TCH: 1) nOHCKH TIa60paTOPHOI3 JIH-
arHOCTHKH 3TOYI I3H(peKIIHH, OCHOB2HHOI3 Ha CneLIH(~II~IeCKHX McTO-
JIaX, McTOJIaX OnpeJleJIeHHSi (pyHK1IFIOHaTIbHOTO COCTOSIHHH ne~IeHlt
H upyrxx, npeJIJIO}KeHHbIX B nOC.neJZHee BpeMSI; 2) KJIHHH~IeCKOZ
H3y~ieHNe 0006eHHOCTeI3 Te~IeHHSI OTAe~bHblX (~OpM 3a60JIeB3HHH,
9(~(~eKTHBHOCTb HOBbIX McTOJ[OB JIe~IeHHH, nOKa3aHI3I%I K BbInHCKe,
TLLIaTeJIbHble IIOCJIeAy~ulKe Ha6.TIlouexxx 3a Tlepe60JIeBnIHMH;
3) BblxcxeHHe pacnpocTpaxexxocTH snHJIeMH~ecxoro renaTlaTa,
HCTO~IHHKOB H nyTeH ero nepeJla~IH, npO,~OJI}KHTeJIbHOCTH 3apa3H0-
r0 nepHOAa H 9cpcpeKTI~iBHOCTH npeAJION{eHHbIX Mep 6opb6bl.
ICI c n o Ji H H T e .n I~: MOHpIK1~I, MOCKOBCKHI3 I~IDMI', CBepJt-
JIOBCKHI3, CapaTOBCKHI3, I'OpbKOBCKAI3, pOCTOBCKHH, Apxaxrenb-
CKI3I3, HB3HOBCKHI3, Xa6aposcxHK, I-IHTI3HCKI333 McJIHHCTHTyTbI.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
KPAEBAA IIATOJIOI'N~I N ~IINAEMNOJIOi'NA
P a s Ae.n I. JIE[ITOCiINP03
3a nocaleRxxe AecaTb .aeT Hsy~IexHe npo6.aeMbl nenTOCnHposa
B pAAe HHCTHTyTOB no~Iy~IH,rlo cepbesxoe pasBHTHe. Bce 6anee
yTO~IHxeTCa reorpacpH~ecxae pacnpocTpanexxe HHCpexuHH B Kpaslx
H 06JIaCTSiX peCHV~nHKH; yCT2HOBJIeHbI HOBble THIIbI B036y,gHTe.IIeI~I
JIeIITOCnI3p03a y nloueK H }KHBOTHbIX; npeR,noxceno H2CKOJIbKO
KJIaCCHCpHKaLjHOHHbIX CXeM JIenTOCnHP030B, TiTO, H2COMHeHHO, OC)-
JIer~IaeT H3y~IeHHe HH(~)eKUHH H IIOMOraeT B npaKTH~ieCKOI%I pa6oTe
H T. Jj. B pe3y.nbTaTe HCCJIeAOBaTeJIbCKHX pa60T npH3H8H0, *ITO
~ZenTOCIIHp03 OTHOCHTCSi K HHf~eKL[HHM c npHpouxol3 o~IarosoCTbIO.
3a6o.nesaHHe .nenTOCnllposoM Tpe6yeT ~HeprH~HOK crleuHC~H~Ie-
CKOI3 Hp0(pHJ1aKTHKH, T3K K3K IIpHHOCHT 60JIbIIIOF3 yuzep6 3KOHOMH-
K0 nOpa}KeHHbIX paI30HOB. B nJIaHe BbIpa60TKH Mep IIp0(pHJIaKTHKI3.
H C)Opb6bI C JIenTOCnHp030M B o~arax npe.u.aoxcexa x peaJlH3osa-
Ha B npoHSBaACTSe nenTOCrlHposxax BaxullHa.
Oj[H3K0, H2CMOTPA Ha HeCOMH2HHble yCHeXH B H3y~IeHHH yKa-
3aIIH013 IIp06JIeMbI, elue HMeeTCS3 psi,u MCCTHOCTeI3, B KOTOpbIX pe-
rHCTpHpyeTCSi 3Ha~IHTeJIbHaSi 3a60JIeBaeMOCTb JIIOAeI3 H }KHBOTHb[X.
PTO Tpe6VeT j[aJIbHeI3HIer0 H3VTIeHHSi 3THOJIOrHH, KJIaCCH(~HKaIILIH,
~HBrHOCTHKH H CileLIH(~H~IeCKOI3 IIpd(~H.RaKTHKH JIeIITOCIIHp030B C
L[e.lIbIO CHH}KeHHH 3a60JIeBaeMOCTH JIenTQCHHp030M JI.O MHHHMyMa
II JIHKBHJjaL[HH ero B HexoTOpbIX o~arax.
~. ~TI3OdIOtHA JIenTOCRHp03a
3H3HHe 3THOJIOrHLIeCKOIi CTpyKTypbI JIeTITOCIIHp03HbIX 3a6QJIe-
BaHHI3 LIeJIOBeKa H 3KHBOTHbIX B Kpae H2OF)XO,gHMO A.nSI npaBHnb-
HOI3 I3 CBOeBpeM2HHOI3 j[HBrHOCTHKH JIeIITOCIIHP03HbIX 3a60JIeBa-
HH13, a TaK}Ke COBepuIeHCTBOB2HxH M2TOAOB CneL[H(~HTieCKOH npo-
cpxnaKTHKH H TepanHH nenTOCnHposa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
I'I C n 0 JI H H T e JI H: ,lIeHHHrpaJ~CKHI%I HM. 'rlaCTepa, OMCKH}I,
IIpHMOpCKHII, pOCTOBCKHi3 I~I~MI', KpacxoRapcxax xpaHCaH-
3IIH1(CT3HL[HH.
`Z. N3ylieHNC IIpNpOj(HO}1 04aCOBOCTH JIeIITOCi117p030B
3a1[a~Iy H3y~IeHHx npxpOAHOH O~IarOBOCTH Ce.nbCKOTO 6e3}KeJI-
TyIIIIIOI'O JIeHTOCIIHP03a CJIe1~yeT C~IHTaTb BeCbMa aKTyaJIbHOI3. OCO-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
'z. ~THOJIOrHA H II8TOr0He3 3HJ~eM1iNeCKOTO 3061
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
H C H O JI H H T e JI b: 1-I~I MOCKOBCKHII Me,TjHHCTHTYT.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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ICI C n 0 JI H H T e JI H: I~IHCTHTyT HM. Typxepa, neAHaTpH~Iecxl3e
HHCTHTyTbI, KaCpe,gpbI HeJ[HaTpHH M2AHHCTHTyTOB.
4. PagHOHaJIbHble I~OpMbl H McTO,Ijbl OpraHH3aIjNH TpaBMaTOJIOI'N-
9eCKON nOMO1gH B rOpOZ[e H CeJIbCKON McCTHOCTN
yLIHTbIBaSI 60~IbHI0I3 06'beM HBKOHHBIIIerOCR MBTep?~Ia.na IIO BO-
IIpOCBM IIp0(~HJIaKTHKH H dIetIeHHSI TpaBM, HMeeTCSI B03bION{HOCTb
B 6JIH}KaHHIee BpeMSi BbIpa60T8Tb HaH6oJIee paIjHOHaJIbHble (~lOp-
MbI OpraHH3auHH HOMOHjH IIOCTpa,i(aBHIHM OT TpaBMbI.
I'I C n 0 1I H H T e .n H: I'IHCTHTyTbI BOCXI~ITO, Kacpeljpbl opra-
HH3aIjHH 3J~paBOOXpaHeHHSI McAHHCTHTyTOB,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
5. OpraHHSauxa ,ne~Ie6HO-npocpHnaKTHyecKOro o6c.nyxtHBaHHSI
OpTOIIej(H4CCKHX GO.RbHWX
OpraHH3aI[HSI jjI~ICIIaHCepH3al(IIH, y~ieTa, HJIaHHpOBBHHH H .ne~e-
HHH OpTOHe,i[H~IeCKHX 60.nbHbIX Tpe6yeT ~IeTKHX (pOpM H yCTBHOBOK,
j[O iIOCJIe,gHerO BpeMCHH euze He pa3paCOTflHHbIX,
I'I C H O JI H H T e JI H: I'IHCTHTyT HM. Typxepa, I3HCTIITyTbI
$OCRI~ITO, rleAHflTpH~IeCKHe HHCTHTyTbI H Ka(peJ~pbI rleuHaTpNH
Me,11,HHCTHTyTOB.
P a s A e.n II. KJINHNKA N JIE9EHNE i10BPE}i(J~EHNN
OIIOPHO-ABNI'ATEJIbHOi'O AMAPATA
6. np0(pHJIaKTHKa IIIOKa H sOpb6a C HHM
Heo6xaRHMO Hcc.neAosaxxe H BHeRpeIlHe B npaxTHxy cospe-
McHHbIX M2T01~OB 06e360JIHBflHHH, H3yLIeHHe M2TOj[OB CHH}KeHHSI
KpOBHHOI'O j(aBJIeHHSi, yCTpaHEHHH HCHXH~ieCKHX C~IaKTOPOB, a TaK-
}Ke H3M2H2HHI%I B 06M2HHbIX Hpoueccax, npoxcxouAHZxx B opra-
HH3Me HOCJIe TpaBMbI. I1pHM2HCHHe rHHOTepMHH H (~7apM3KOJIOrH-
~IeCKHX Cpej[CTB C ILeJIbK) HOHH}KeHHH peaKTHBHOCTH OPraHH3Ma Ha
TSIN{eJIyK) TpaBMy xBJIHIOTCx OIIHHM H3 HaH6onee HepcneK'rxBHbIx
Hai[paBJIeHHII 9TOI3 pa60TbI.
I'I C R O JI H H T e JI H: I~IHCTHTyTbI BOCXI~ITO, xHpyprH~Ie~KHe
Ka(pe~pbI Mej(HHCTHTyTOB.
IIpH ne~IeHHH IIOCTpaAaBHIHX OT TpaBM x npH B000T3HOBH-
TeTIbHbIX orlepauHxx B nepsylo O~Iepeub cneuyeT paspa6o'raTb Me-
TOI[bI HOJIy~iell'HH ~e3yKOpH3HeHHOTO 06e360JIHBaHHx K8K o6Htero,
T8K H pa3TIHTIHbIX BHAOB MCCTHOI3 aH2CTe3HH.
I'I C H O~ H K T e JI H: Ka(peApbI xxpyprxH Me~By30B, HHCTHTy-
TbI BOCXI~ITO.
$, T]pOIpNJIaKTHKa HH(~eKgHH npH pa3,nN9HOf0 pORa Tpasmax
rl.naxxpyeTCx paspa6oTxa Me'raAoB HpHMexeIIHSI pas.nH~IHbix
aHTx6HOTHxos, Hsyuexxe crloco6oB npo.noxrxposaHllsl Hx Aei3c'rBHSI,
Ae'ra.nHSauHSI noxasaHHK x Hx HpHMeIIeHHIO, a Taxx{e BHe,gpeHHe
B HIHpoxylo HpaKTHxy HaH6o.nee pauHOHaJIbHbIX CHOCOC)OB HpHMe-
HeHHA aHTH6HOTHKOB C H3AaHHeM M2TOAH~IeCKHX HHCeM HO 3THM
BOHpOC2M.
ICI C H O .n H H T e .n H: I~IHCTHTyTbI BOCXI~ITO, KacpeApbt XN-
pyprHH McAHHCTHTyTOB, HHCTHTyTbI r~apMaKOJIOTHH H aHTH6HOTH-
KOB.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
9. YcosepweHC?rBOSaHHe McTOAoB perlo3HgHH H ,ne~exxa [IepeJIOMOB
KOCTCN
Heo6xouHMO HposecTH pa6oTy Ha ycosepulellcTBOSaxHIO Me?ra-
JjoB CeCKPOBHON H ItpOB3BOIi peH03HuHH OTJIOMKOB, a T2KN{e yTO~I-
HRTb HOKa3afIHSI K HpHMeHeHHK) i~H3HOTepaH2BTH~IeCKHX i~aKTOPOB
H JIe~Ie6HOII rHMHflCTHKH HpH JIeLIeHHLI HepeJIOMOB KOCTeI3.
I'I C iI O JI H H T e JI H: I'IHCTHTyTbI BOCXI'ITO, Ka(~CJZpbI xllpyp-
rHH McJ.[PIHCTHTyTOB.
P a s Ae.n III. BOIIPOCb[ BOCCTAHOBNTEJIbHOI~i
XNPYPI'NN
1~. ~eTOj[bI peKOHCTpyKTHBHbIX OllepagHN C i1pNhIeHBHHeM
pa3JIN9HOr0 pOAa TpaHCIIJIaHT1TOB
He06XOJjHMO H3y~IHTb M2TOj[bI rOMOHJIaCTHKH KO}KH, KOCTeI3 K
COCy~[OB C HpHM2HeHH2M ,gJISI HJIaCTH~IeCKHX H BOCCTBHOBHTeJIbHb1X
uenel3 KOHCepBHpOBBHHbIX H 3aMOp0}KCHHbIX TK3HeI3, MCTa.nJla,
IIJIaCTMBCC H ApyrHX MaTepHaJIOB, a T8K}Ke yCJIOBHSI HpH3KHB.ReHHSi
TKaHeI3 H OpraHOB HPH HapyIIIeHHH KPOB006paHjeHHR H HHHepBa-
uxx.
I'I C H O .n H H T e JI H: I'IHCTHTyTbI BOCXI~ITO, xHpyprH~teCxxe
Ka(pejlpbI McJZHHCTI3TyTOB.
11. BOCCTaHOBJIeHNe JJ(BHriITeJIbH017 (pyHKI(HN OIIOpHO-J.[BHraTeJIb-
Horo anllapara
C.neuyeT ycosepmexcTBOaaTb cyluec?rBylouzHe H paspa6oTaTb
HOBble M2TOJ;bI HnaCTHKH CyCTflBOB, MbIIIIe~HOI3 HJIaCTHKH, Hespa-
TH3aLIHH MyCKyJlaTypbI, pa3pa60T8Tb McTOjjbI BOCCT2HOBJIeHHH yTe-
pHHHb1X HaJIb1[eB KHCTH,
ICI C H O JI H H T e JI H: ~IHCTHTVTbI BOCXI'ITO, xxpyprH~IecKHe
Ka(~eJ~pbI McJ~HI],HHCKHX HHCTHTyTOB.
P a s A e n IV. BOIIPOCbI OPTOiIEJI,NN
12. OproneAHyecxoe neyeHHe noc.neACTbHH nonHOmxsnHTa
II~IaHHpye?rcx Hsy~exxe Me?rolioB paxxeK HpocpH.aaxTHKH H paH-
Hero ~[e~IeHI3sI opTOneuH~ecxxx ,uecpopMauHH HpH Ho.rlHOMxsnHTe, a
?raxxce paspa6oTxa HaH6oa[ee 3CpCpeKTHBHbIX HpxeMOB 1Ie~Ie6HOI3
(~H3KyJIbTypbI y 60JIbHbIx HOJIHOMH3JIHTOM ReTeH. MaJIO H3y~IeHbI
BOHpOCbI KypOpTHO-C8H8TOpHOI'O JIe~IeHHSI ~OJIbHbIX HOJIHOMN3JIH-
TOM. H2O6XOI~HMa pa3pa60TKa M2TO,gOB (~H3HOTepaH2BTH9eCKOCO
1Ie~IeHHH 6o.nbH6IX B BOCCTflHOBHTenbHOM H pe3HuyaJIbHOM HepHO-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Aax nonHOMH~nHTa, H3blcxaHHe Hasblx H ycosepulexcTBOSaHHe cy-
uxecTSylouzxx McTO~zoB KollcepsaTHBHOro H onepaTHBHOro BMeula-
TeJIbCTBa H M2TOIIOB CTa6HJIH3ai[HH n03BOHO~IHHKa, JIOnaTOK, Ta30-
6eJ~peHHbIX H rOJIeHOCTOIIHbIX CyCTaBOB y B3pOCJIbIX. COBepnIeHHO
HeH3ytieHHbI64H OCT2IOTCSI BOnpOCbl paL[HOHaJIbH01'O ilpOTe3H0-OPTO-
IIejlH~ieCKOI'O CHa63KeHHSI 60JIbHbIX C nOCJIeACTBIiHMH IIOJIHOMH3-
.TIHTa.
ICI C n 0 JI H H T e TI H: 1~IHCTHTyT HM. TypHepa, I3HCTHTyTbI
BOCXHTO, HHCTHTyTbI cpH3HOTepanHH H KypOPTOJIOrHH.
13. CnacTx~ecKHe napaaN~x
CJIeJZyeT iIOj[b1TO}KHTb pe3yJIbTaTbI JIe~IeHHH (B LIaCTHOCTH, Op-
TOneliHUeCKOI'O~ (OJIbHbIX 60JIe3HbK) ,TIHTTJISI, a TflK}Ke I33y~INTb
IIaTOI'eHe3 H2KOTOpbIX c~OpM CnaCTH~IeCKHX napa.aH~eH. Paspa60T-
Ka cnoco6oB y.ny~IHIexHR KoopuxxauxH AsHxcexHH H xaH6onee sIp-
(peKTHBHbIX npHeMOB .n~K, H3y~IeHHe (~yHKL[HOHaJIbHOrO COCTOSI-
HHH IIeHTpanbHOH HepBHOI3 CHCTeMbI y 6o.nbnblx npH 6o.ae3HH
TIHTTJIH O~IeHb Ba}KHbI ASR Onp2l~e~eHI-iH HaH60JICe 9(pt~eKTHBHbIX
McTO11,OB BOCCTaHOBJIeHHH yTpatleHHbIX j[BHraTeJIbHbIX CpyHKII,HI3.
ICI C n 0 JI H H T e JI H: I~IHCTHTyT HM. Typxepa, HHCTHTyTbI
BOCXI~ITO.
14. JIeuexxe spox~[eHxblx Aecpopmaux~
OCHOBHbIMH HanpaBJIeHHSiMH pa60TbI HB.RSIK)TCSI paHHee BbIHB-
.IfeHHe nOpOKOB pa3BHTHSI, pa3pa60TKa M2TOAOB HX JIe~IeHHH B MJIa-
AeH~IeCKOM, paHH2M j[eTCKOM, iIOApOCTKOBOM 603paCTe H y B3pOC-
JIbIX; H3bICK3HHe HOBbIX H yCOBepTIIeHCTBOBBHHe cyuzecTBylouzxx
npxeMOB pauxxa.nbxoro H naJIJIHaTHBHOro opTOneAH~ecxora .ne~e-
HHSI.
ICI C H O JI H H T e JI K: HHCTHTyT HM. Typxepa, HHCT'HTyTbI
BOC~I~ITO.
15. Ae~opmxpyrouixe apTp03bl H aHKHJ103Npy>o~uNe CIIOHAN?Re3b1
He0~X01IHMa pa3pa60TKa MCTOIIOB M06HJIH3aIIHH CyCTaBOB H
JIe~IeHHSI 6oT[eH npH annacTH~ecxoM apTpoae, AecpopMHpyloluehi
apTp03e, nOCTTpaBMaTHileCKOM apTp03e (nocile BHyTpHCyCT2BHbIX
nepenOMOB) H aHKHJI03HpyK)tueM apTpose.
ICI C n 0 .n H H T e JI H: HHCTHTyTbI $OCX1'ITO, cpl~rsxoTepanNH x
KypopTOnorNH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
IIpo6~e.ua .N_~ 17
N3Y9EHNE MEXAHN3MA AEIICTBN~I JIEKAPCTBEHHbIX
CPEji.CTB N N3bICKAHNE HOBbIX .11E4E6HbIX
CIPEIIAPATOB
I'IccneRosaxxx B a6.nacTH cpapMaxo.no~rHH passxsanHCb B csxsH
C rJIaBHeI{HlHMH KJIHHH~IeCKHMH Hp06JIeM2MH,
Pa3BHTHe (pH3HO~IOrH~IeCKOI'O y~ieHI-ISi ICI. II. IIaB~IOSa B TEO~pe~-
THLIeCKOH (~apMBKOJIOrHH COIIpOBO}Kj(aJIOCb IIpHMeH2HNEM M2TO,ga
yCJIOBHbIX pe(pJIeKCOB rlpH OueHKe ,i[eI-ICTBHSi JIeKapCTB2HHbIX Be-
IueCTB Ha BbICII1yI0 HepBHyK) ,l1eSiTCJIbHOCTb, HCCJIej[OBflHHHMI3 Ha
IIeJIOCTHOM Opr8HH3Me B XPOHH~IeCKOM 9KCIIepHMeHTe H 3IIalIHT?,.1Ib-
HOM paculHpeHHH pa6oT IIO 3KCIIepHMeHTaJIbHOi3 TepaIIHH. Yr.ny6-
JIeHHOe H3y~IeHHe peaKTHBHOCTH OT,geJIbHb1X 3B2HbeB pe(pJIeKTOpHOii
1iyrH K pa3JIHTiHbIM (papMBKOJIOrH~IeCKHM areHTaM OTKpbI.ItO HOBble
B03MO1KHOCTH jI?ilx BMeuIaTeJIbCTBa B IIaTOJIOrHtIeCKHIi IIpouecc IIy-
TeM OCJIa~JIeHHSI HJIH yCTpaHCHHSi IIaTOJIOI'H~IeCKHX I3MIIyJIbCOB B
af~(pepeHTHOI3 HJIH 3(~CpepeHTHOII TIaCTHX peC~~IeKTOPHbIX IIyTex,
I~ICIIOJIb30B3HHe 3THX C~aKTOpOB IIpH 3KCIIepI3MeHTaJIbHOI-I TepaIIHH
rHIIepTOHHH, SI3BbI xceayAKa H IIpyrHX IIaTOTIOrHileCKHX COCTOAHHI3
JZaJIO IIOJION{HTeJIbHble pe3y.RbTBTbI H CJIy}KHT OCOCHOB2HHCM p,TISI
HX IIaJIbHeHLIIerO KJIHHH~IeCKOI'O IIpHMeHeHNSI.
I3 (papMflKOJIOTH~IeCKHX Hcc.neAosaxxxx xa 6JIII}KaI3HIee IIHTH-
JIeTHe He06XOAHMO 06paTHTb OCHOBHOe BHHM3HHe Ha 1[aJIbHeI3IIIee
H3yileHHe, M2XaHtI3MOB HepBHOl~i jJerydISII~HH CpH3I3~OJIOrH~IeCKHX
(~yIIKIIHId, C HCIIOJIb30BaHHeM j[JISi 3TOI3 ueJIH COBpeMeHHbIX 1IOCTH-
3KeH13I3 XI.IMHH H (pH31dKH, B OCOGeHHOCTH - 3JIeKTpOHHKH. He06X0-
JZHMO paCHIHpHTb H yrJIy~HTb HCC.ne,u0B3HHSI peaKTHBHOCTH Opra-
HH3Ma IIpH JIV~IeBbIX IIOpa}K2HI-ISIX B OTHOLIIeHHH pa3JIH~IHb1X rpynrl
cpapMaxonorx~IecKHx seuzecTB. ~xcnepHMeHTa.nbxylo TepanHlo c.ne-
1[yeT IiaIIpaBKTb Ha I-I3yileHHe H H3bICK8HHe HOBbIX JleKapCTB2HHbIX
Cpe,iZCTB j[JIR JlegeHHR KOpOHapHOI3 He,gOCTaTOLIHOCTH, aTepOCKJIepO_
3a, rYIHepTOHHLIeCKOI3 ~OJIe3HH, peBMaTH3Ma, JIygeBbIX IIopa}ICeHHH,
3.JIOKaTieCTBeHHbIX OIIyXOJIeI3, BHpyCHbIX H 6aKTepHaJIbHbIX HHCpeK-
uHA, pacc'rpoKCTS nxu~esapeHHSI, O~hI2Ha BCII~eCTB H BbI,geJIHTeJIb-
HbIX C~IyHKL[HI3.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
noHCKH HOBbIX JIeKapCTBeHHbIX BeIueCTB Aonx{Hb1 npOB01[HTbCH
KaK IIO JIHHHI3 XHMH~ieCKOtO CHHT'e3a, T2K H IIO JIHHHN H3yTIeHHH
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THPHOCTH OTJ1,eJIbHbIX HepBHbIX 06pa30B3HxIi B OTHOIIIeHIiH {papMa-
KOJIOtH~IeCKI-IX areHTOB. 000602 BHxMBHHe jIOJI}KHa 6bITb yAeJIeIIa
a(~CpepeHTHOMy 3B2Hy pe{pJIeKTOpHOI3 ,gyres, KaK OTIeHb Ba}KHOMy,
HO HaHM2Hee xRy~tE'HHOMy. ~aJIbHeIILIIee pa3BHTHe IlOJI3KHbI IIOny-
~iHTb HCCJTe1(OBBHHSI CpyHKII,HI-I KOpbI H IIOJ~KOpKOBbIX a6pa3osaxxH
npH B03JZeYICTBHI3 CTFIMyJISiTOpaB H I3HTH6HTOpOB. He06XOj[HMO
IipOBOAHTb HCC.TIel[OBaHHH IIO H3bICK8HHK) CUeJZCTB, CTFiMyJIHpyK)-
Iuxx perellepauHlo noapex{AexxbFx xepsa6. Cloua x{e Heo6xouxMo
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B 9TOM Hai[paBJI2HHH 1[aJI}KHbI HCCJIeAOBaTbCR HapKOTHTieCKHe,
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CKI3YI, CBep,~JIOBCK4IIi. PocTOBCKHI3, ToMCKHx, ACTpaXBHCKHI3, Kyp-
CKHII, ChIOJI2HCKHH, CTaJIHHrpaj[CKHS3 Mej[HHCTI~ITyTbI.
`Z. TKaIIQBbIC (pepMeHTHbiB iTpOgeCCbl ilpN IIpHMeHeHHN pa3JIH4HbIX
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B03J~C13CTBHH Ha OpraHH3M yrH2TaK)LuHX H CTHMyJIHpyIOIuHX 06-
M2H BeIueCTB npenapaTOS C BbIHCHeHx2M CLI2L[HC~HtIHOCTH HX IIeH-
CTBHH IIO OTHOIII2HHK) K OT,I(eJIbHbIM CHCT2M8M H OpraHBM. Z[OJI}K-
HbI 6bITb I~ICCJIe,TIOBaHbI Belli,eCTBa, 6JII33KH2 IIO XHMI3~I2CKOI3 CTpyK-
Type K BI3TaMHHaM, KOCpepM2HT8M, rOPMOHBM H McTa60JIHT2M, C
ILedIbK) BbISIB.neHHSI i[epBIITiHbIX {papMBKOJIOrH~I2CKHX peaxuHH H
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3KCIIepHM2HTaJIbHbIX MOJ.[eJIeYI CepJje~IHO-000yAHCTbIX 3a60JIeBaHHH
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
H YI3ytIeHHft Ha 9TPIX MOj[eJIRX COCTOSIHHA peaKTHBHOCTI3 OpraHH3Ma
HpH B031(eI~ICTBHH Ha OpraHH3M pa3JIHYHbIX (~lapM2KOIIOrHYeCKHX
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B OTHOIIIeHHH H3B2CTHbIX JIeKapCTBeHHbIX paCT2HHI3, ,q.IIN yrny6.neH-
HOI'O HX H3ytIeHHSI, T2K H B OTHOLileHHH HOBbIX, elue HeH3VYeHHbIX
paCTeHHH, F70JIbHIOIi HHTepeC npe1~CT3BJIAK)T paCTCHHH, co,I[ep}Ka-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
H C H O v7 H K T e JI x: BOpOHe}KCKxI3, ApX3HI'e.TIbCKxH, HpKyT-
CKxH, Xa6aposcxNl3, KpacxoRpcxxK, HoBOCx6xpcxxK, OMCKxH,
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npenapaTO6
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tIeCKx13 3(~lCpeKT; CJIej[yeT yTO~IHHTb pOJIb OTj(eJIbHbIX paAHKa.IIOB B
HpORBJIeHxx OCHOBHOI'O H IIOCO~iHOI'O, He}KeJIaTed'IbHOI'O AeI3CTBHR.
yKa3aHHaR pa60Ta IIMeeT iSe TOJIbKO TeOpeTx~IeCKOe, HO H 60.iIb-
LiIOe HpaKTH~IeCKOe 3Ha~IeHxe: Ha 6a3e 3THX xCCJIeAOB8HxI3 1IO.R-
JKeH 6b1Tb pa3pa60T8H CHHTe3 HOBbIX 3Cp(~eKTHBHbIX H H2TOK-
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j[eYiCTBxR aHTx6xUTHKOB H CHHTCTx~ICCKHX XI3MIi0TepaIIeBTx~IeCKHX
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MaJIbHbIX yCJIOBxIi xX TepaH2BTx~IeCKOtO AexCTBxR. He06XOZ[xbi0
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iieCKxe BeHxeCTBa, yCTpaHRIOIiT,xe x.nx npeAynpe:Kz[aloiuxe xx pas-
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ACTpaXBHCKxi3, baHIKxpCKx1I K Ky6aHCKxI3 McJ~HHCTxTyTbI.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
r1po6.~e.~ta .N_o 18
IIPNMEHEHNE ~hN3N~IECKNX ~AKTOPOB
B ME,I~NL[NHE N N3Y4EHNE KYPOPTHbIX
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yJlbTpa3ByKOM, 3JIeKTpOMaTHFITHbIMI3 KOJIe6aHHSiMH CBepXBbICOKOI3
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TIeTOBbIMi~i H NH(~paKpaCHbIMH ny~IaMx I3 T. J~.
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IIpOBOJ[IITbCSI C C[OMCLubIO (pH3HOJIOrI3~ICCKYIX, C)HOXHMHTIeCKHX, Mdp-
(~OJIOrHYCCKHX I~I JZpVtHX OO"beKTI~IBHbIX I3CCJIeJjOBBTeJIbCKI3X McTO-
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M2TOA8M 9JIeKTp03HLleCpaJIOrpa(pI3H, IIJIeTH3MOrpa(pHH, IIHeBMd-
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TeJIbHOe Ii3yiieHl3e BJII35IHHSi pa3JIHtIHbIX Cp133HTieCKIdX I3 KypOPTHbIX
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
(~aKTOpOB Ha 60JIbHbIX C ueJIbK) BbIpa60TKH HaH60JIee 3CpC~7eKTHB-
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P a 3 A e n I. ~N3NOTEPAIIN~I
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(~1H3H4eCKNX (paKTOpOB: yJlbTpa3ByKa, HMnyJIbCOB 3JICKTpN9CCKOI'O
TOKa H 3JIeKTpOMarHNTHOTO nOJIA, MHKpOBOJIH, HOHH3HpOBaHHOCO
B03pyXa B C04eTaHHH C 030HOM, NOHH3HpyK)llINX H3JIy~ICHH41
rlepetIHCJIeHHble CpH3HLIeCKHe CpaKTOpbI, B2CbMa aKTHBHO BJIHA-
K)HZHe Ha OpraHH3M }KHBOTHbIX H ile1IOBeKa, npHBJIeKaK)T BC0
60.TIbHIee BHHMaHHe HCCJIeJ~OBflTe.JIeII. OI(HflKO, Jleue6HOe npHMeHe-
HHe HX He Ha.IIa}KeHO, HayTIHble HCCJIeJZOBaHHA HO BOHpOCaM Me-
XaHH3Ma HX A2I3CTBHSI BeAyTCSi CJIa60. I~OHKpeTHbIMH 3aJ~aNaMli
HO ,T[aHHOI3 TIaCTHOII np06.lIeMe j[O.TI}KHbI 6bITb: a~ H3yTIeHHe CyIIIe-
CTBVK)HIeI%I aHHapaTypbI, a TdK}Ke pa3pa60TKa HOBbIX KOHCTpyK-
uHI3 aHHapaTOB A.nA OpraHH3aI[HH HIHpOKOI'O HX npOH3BOJ~CTBa;
6~ H3y~IeHHe McTO,~OB .ne~Ie6HOr0 B03J~eI3CTBH5I yKa3aHHbIX {pH3Ii-
ZieCKRX CpaKTOpOB; B~ H3yTIeHHe CpH3HOJIOrHLIeCKHX peaKIIHI3 Opra-
HH3Ma Ha JIeI3CTBHe HepeTiHCJIeHHbIX IpH3HTieCKHX (paKTUpOB.
ICI C H O JI H H T e.n H: rOCy.gapCTB2HHbIIi HHCTHTyT (~H3HOTepa-
HHH, CBepJ~JIOBCKHI3 H TOMCKHI%I HHCTHTyTbI (pH3HLIeCKHX McTO,~OB
dIeLIeHHSf, KaC~lel~pbI CpH3HOTepaIIHH HHCTHTyTOB yCOBepHI2IiCTBOBa-
HHSI BpaxeH (I1,I~IY, .lIeHHHrpaJ~CI{HI~I, I~a3aHCKI3I3 H CTaJIHHCKIili
rI~IRYS) , Ka(peJl.pbI (pH3HOTepaIIHH McAHHCTHTyTOB.
2. TIpNMeHeHHO (pId3H9CCKNX McTOJ~OB B KOMnJICKCHOM ne~iCHHH
H npCJ{ynpe}KJ1,eHHH 3arOOJIe68HNN H TpaBM OHOpHO-J(BHraTCJIbHOCO
annapaTa
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x ce6e Ilxc~exuHOxxbie no.nHapTpHTbi, a Taxx{e HecrleuHCpHVecKHe
CIIOHAH1IOapTpHTbI H CHOHjjHJIe3bI.
rlpeACT2BJIfieTCSI B03M0}KHb1M HpHMeHHTb B TCpaIIeBTHTIeCKHX
II,eJISIX yJlbTpa3ByK0Bble KOJIe6aHHH H BbICOKOtIaCTOTHble B031[eI3-
CTBHA ji,JlSi CTHMyJISIuHH 9H1(OKpHHHbIX McXaHH3MOB (B TIaCTHOCTH,
Haj(HOTIetIHI~IKOB~, a T3K3Ke COLIeTaHHOe IIpHM2H2HHe rOpMOHa.TIb-
HbIX HperlapaTOS, rle~Ie6HOK rHMH3CTHKH H MflCCa}Ka.
IIpH TpaB1VI8X KOCTel~i, MbIHIu K CyCTc1BOB IIpHMCHeHHP. CpH3HtIe-
CKHX McTOjjOB y}Ke IIO.Ry~IHJIO J~OCT3TO~IHOe 060CHOB8HHe. OuHaKO,
He06XOZ[HMO HPOJ.[OJI]KaTb pa6oTy IIO Id3bICKaHHK) HOBbIX (~H3HTIe-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
CKHX M2TOAOB H NX CO~IeT8HHI3 C ,IjpyrHMH MepOHpHHTHHMH, 06eC-
He~IHBaK)LiI,HMH 6bICTpde N3JIe~IeHNe 6o.]IbHbIX H B03BpaT NX Tpy-
,i[OCH0006HOCTH.
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CKHe H rOCHHTaJIbHbTe Ka(pe,gpbI McJZHHCTHTyTOB,
3. IIpNMOHeHNe (pH3N40CKHX MCTOJ(OB B KOMHJI2KCHOM JIC9CHNN
N Npef1,37Hpe3KJjeHNH peBMaTH3Ma
I~IMeK)LII,H2CH B H3CTOHLuee BpeMx McTOJ~bI McAHK1MeHT03HOr0
JIetIeHHH peBM2TH3Ma He MOryT 6bITb HpH3HflHbI yCHeHIHb1MN. He-
06XOjjHMO CO~IeTflHNe M2TO~OB JleKapCTB2HHOH TepaHHH C (~H3H~Ie-
CKHMH McT01[aMH, COJ~eI3CTByK)HZHMH HOBbIIIIeHHIO (pyHKl[HOHaJIbHO-
r0 COCTOHHHSI OpraHH3Ma H M06HJIH3auNH er0 3aIIjHTHbIX McXa-
HI33MOB.
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CTHT'yTbI.
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B .nHTepaType HpeACTBBJieHO FieMadIO pa60T, HOCBSIHIeHHbIX JIe-
~Ie6HOMy HpHMeH2HHK) [pH3H~IeCKHX CpaK'rOpOB HpN 3a60JIeBaHHHX
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HepTOHH~IeCKOI3 60JIe3HN, HH(papKTe MHOKapJ~a N T. A? HpHM2IIeHIiSI
pa3JIH~IHbIX JIeiie6HbIX KOMHJIeKCOB - 061I.(eI3 6pOMHOHOraJIbB8HH-
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B2HH H J~pyrHX 6aJIbHCO(~IaKTOPOB B COTieTaHHN C Jle~ie6HOYI
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HNX 60JIe3HeI3 N HBTOC~H3NOJIOrHH Mel[HHCTNTyTOB.
5. IIpHMeHeHNC (~IN3H40CKHX McTOAOB B KOMIIJICKCHOM JIC4CHNN
3a60J1eB1HNH H TpaBM HepBHON CNCTeMbI
~H3H~IeCKHe McTOj(bI H31~aBHa HINPOKO HpHMeHRI01'CH HpH 1IeTIe-
HHII pa3.nH~IHbIX sa6anesaHHK HepHCpepH~IecKHx HepsoB, Hoc.neA-
CTBHI3 TpaBMflTH~IeCKHX HOBpe}K,IIeHHI3 I(eHTpaJIbHOI3 HepBHOI3 CHC-
TeMbI, OCT3TO~IHbIX SIB1IeHHI-i (HapanHxeH) Hoene IIO.nHOMH3JIHTa N
T. j[. HOHBJIeHHe B HOCJIe1(Hee BpeMR HOBbIX (~H3HUeCKHX M2TOAOB
H HepBbte OIIbITbI yCHeIIIHOrO HpHMeH2HNH HX HpH COJIe3HHX HepK-
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CTByK)HI,He HayLIHble Ha6JIK)j[eHNSI, OpH2HTHpyHCb IIpN 9TOM, B OC-
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HbIX OpraHOB H CNCT2M OpraHN3Ma.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
ICI c n o .a x H T e .n H: CI~I~MJI, TI~I~MTI, xacpeApbl Ilespono-
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IIIeHCTBOBaHHSI BpaueK, IICJ~IIBTpHtICCK}Ie HHCTHTyTbI.
s. $OHpOCbI OpraHH3agHN (~N3HOTepaHeBTH9eCKOI7 HOMOHIH
B CeJIbCKHX JIe4e6H0-Rp0[pNJIaKTH4eCKNX y4pe}KACHHAX
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AIeT01IH~IeCKOM H OpraHH3aL[HOHHOM OTiIOIIIeHHH HMeeT CBOH CIIe1jH'
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pa60TKH CHeI[HaJIH3HpOBaHHbIX McTO,1IOB H CpOphl OpraHH3aL[HH C~JH-
3HOTepaIIHH Ha CeJIe. HeOCX01[I3M0 IIpOpa60T8Tb He TOJIbKO Hepe~-
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IZHH H KOMII.TIeKTbI aHHapaTOB, IIpHI'OJ~HbIX Z[JISI pa60TbI B yKa3aH-
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TOJIbKa B C3MOe noc.neAllee speMSl nOCT2BJIeHbI IIepBble Ha6JIK)IIe-
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THSI n0 npeltynpexcAexHK) BpeAHOro B.nHRHHSI (~1H3HTIeCKHX cpaKTa-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
y~IHO He~OCT3TOLIHO 060CHOBaHbI, Pa60Ta zjOJI}KH1 npOBOAHTbCSi
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
17po6~teka N_~ 20
IIPO~NJIAKTNKA N JIE~IEHNE
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~.1. ~N3NK0-XNMN4ECKNE NCCJIE,gOBAHNSI
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
HanpaBJIeHNSI noAxoRa K J~aHHOMy COCTOSIHN}O NMeeT M2CT0 He BO
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no 3Ha~IexNK~ cxa~Ixa TeH,noeMxocTN npN nepeceveHNN norpaHN~EHOii
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CTeMbI, a Ranee HpNM2HeHHbIFI NHJ~eKC -ee rOMOreHHOe COCTO SI
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
jjnc~~Iepellunposaxxe ypasneHHx (22) no TeMnepaType npH no-
cTOAHxoM o6rueM o6~eMe reTeporexxoH cncTeMbl N npH yc.noBxH pas-
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v = v
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rRe Cv MOJIbHaSi TenJIOeMKOCTb npn nOCTOSIHHOM 06'beMe.
ypaBH2HHe (25) H eCTb ypaBHeHNe ASR CKaTIKa Cv npn nepeCeTIeHHH
norpaHHTiHOI~[ KpHBOI~I B TOM M2CTe, rAe MOJIbHbIi~ OC)'beM COCy1I1,eCTByK)-
H~eI3 (~a3bI paBeH v~.
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T'O'TKH, MO}I{HO BOCHOJIb30B8TbCA ypaBHeH1I5iMN (2) n (4). TorAa ypas-
HeHHe (25) npHMeT sHjt:
c - - 1` a2E ) ( ) (dv 1
Cv', reT. - v', rom. - dv'2 T vx - U ` dT cocyuL?
ypaBHeHHe (26) CnpaBej[JIHBO TOJIbKO B6JIn3N KpnTHTTeCKO13 TOT3Kn
H B CflM0I3 KpnTI3TaeCKOI3 TOTIKe. HO B KpHTHTIeCKO}T TOT-IKe npasax
TTacTb ypasxeHNx npespaluaeTCR B xeonpeAe.nennocTb, Tax xaK
(vK T1') CTpeMHTCSI K HyJIK), a (dTJ'/dT)cocyu~. -K 6eCKOHeTIHOCTH
a2E lim rdu'
Cv, rer., x '- Cv, roM., x - - (t3v2 )T x v' -. vx (vx- v) I dT cocyul.
(27)
2
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`d U T ' x
* $ npaeoH 92CTH ypBBHeHNH (23) y Hcex npoHSaoAHwx o~r E' H E" A.ast co-
Kp8ll1E:HNA 3HHNCN OiIYH),CH HH?KHNH NHJjeKC 1fi'0M.Y.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
H3 ypaBHeHNft (27) BHJ~HO, YTO CKaYOK Cv B KpHTxLIeCKON TOYKe,
3aK8HTIHBaK)II~eld paBHOBeCHe }KH~[KOCTb-nap B OJ~HOKOMIIOH2HTHON
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4eCKOI3 TOLIKx. ECJIH IiOrpaHxLIHafI KpxBaft T-Z' ftBJIfteTCft B6JIH3H
KpHTHTIeCKOI3 TOTIKx napa6o.nOH BTOpox CTeneHH
(vK - v')2 = 2 ,aeTCSI (a3?2/aN2)p, T, h s xy,nb.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
ypaBH2HHSi (17) H (54) HO3BOJISiK)T BbIYHCJIHTb 3Ha1IeHHe K03(~H-
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(?~ ?2, ,;) H (Nz, ~
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HOJIyLIHTb Rpyrxe Bblpa}KeHHSi ,1(JIH ~~, KOTOpbte MbI 3,i[eCb He HpHBO-
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SICH2HHSI OCOCeHHOCTeI~t KpHTHYeCKOI3 C~a3bI, HO H Boo6H~e R,nsl TepMO-
J~HHBMHKH j[ByXCpa3HbIX paBHOB2CHF~i.
KOM6HHHpOBBHHe ypaBHeHHI~I (12) H (51) RaeT
dNz ~z ~ Ni ,
dT / (c - c ~ ~ (74~
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dN~ N~ ~ c3v
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dP T, cocyul? T ~d?zl dNz}P,T [(dP iT, ;V~ reT. - 1\dP )T, Vz, rom.,
(75)
(76)
pIs ypaBHeHHSI (74) BHRxo, YTO npH HepecevexHH norpaHHYHOH
xpxBOH P-N2 B .nlo6oM ee MecTe cxaYOK c~~, N~ BcerAa no~nOxcHTe,nex.
PasxblM o6pasoM H3 ypasxexxx (76) cneRyeT, YTO npH HepeceYexHH
HOrpaHHLIHOI~t KpHBOI3 P-Nz B JIK)COM ee McCTe CKaYOK HpON3BOJ~HOI~I
((J~ZI~(~P)T, nrz BcerAa HMeeT OTpHIjaTeJIbHOe 3Ha9eHHe.
y CHCT2M C BepXHeI3 KpHTHYeCKOfi T2MHepaTVpOII (dN2~d7')r, cocyuy.
HMeeT HOJIO}KHTeTIbHOe 3HaYeHHe (HpH yCJIOBHH, YTO N2~N2, ,;).
~O3TOMy H3 ypaBH2HHR (75) CJIej[yeT, LITO 3HaK (dN~%dP)T, cocyul. y
9THX CHCTeM HpOTHBOHOJI03i(eH 3H8Ky CKaYKa HpOH3BO,I~HOH (rw~dT)y, ~,.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
,gJIfl CHlT2MbI ~eH011-BO,il,a ~~%~~~-MOJIbHBA JJ,OJISI CpeHOJIa B BOZ[HOI3 Cpa3e.
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CKOI3 (~3a32 3aKaH~IHBa2TCH JjBVX(pa3H02 paBHOB2CHe H NC~Ie3aeT pa3-
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T09 K2
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BOI'O I{OMIIOH2HTa 6bIJ[ paB2H HVJIK).
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
,gxc~cpepexuxposaHxe ypasxexxsl (80) (no TeMnepaType BAo,rib no-
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nOBepXHOCTHOI'O HBTSI}KeHxSI n0 TeMnepaType B KpxTxLIeCKOI3 TO~IKe
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TOJIbKO TepMOZjxHflMHKy CHCTeM) C yTBep}K,I1,eHxSIMx: ~IMa Rsa}KRbI omx6o~FHO, Tax
xaK oxo Tpe6yeT FiecKOxeYHO 6o,nbHloro cxa~IKa c.Z, npx nepece~Ienxx
norpaxx~xoH xpxsoK B KpxTx~ecxoK To~Ke, oHbIT xce o6HapyxcxsaeT
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aBTOpbI B2CbMa CHJIbllO COMH2BaK)TCH) 6eCKOHe~IHO 601IbHI0e 3Ha9eHxe
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
cxa~Ixa [cy, N2, (av/dT)P, N2l npx nepece~exxx norpaxx~Ixoi3 xpxsoi~
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Ka3aTeJIb CTeneHH SIBJIHeTCH I3CKJIK)ileHHbiM. nOKa3aTeJlb CTeneHx B
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T03KJ~eCTBe KpHTxTIeCKHX siBJIeHxI3 x (~a30BbIX nepexoAoB BTOPOI'O
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xsnoNCexa y YI. P. Kpxvescxoroe.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
HeHTHOI3 CHCTeMbI (CnyYa%I, KOTOpbIH Mbl, BCJIeA 3a B. K. CeMeHYeHKO,
paCCMBTpHBaeM J~JISI npOCTOTbI) ypaBHeHHe npHHHMaK)T BH,Il:
dV = (dp )T n dP + (aT 1 P, n dT - 6 ~ ,~.,.
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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JIHLIaIOTCSI. bblJiO nOKa3aH0, PTO ypasxeHxx I'x66ca, xapaxTepxsylo-
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JINTeparypa
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
24. B. A. X o n n e p, K. t. X o M A K o H, BAH CCCP, 90, 199 (1953).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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nepaTypbI. ~H,i[KHI~[ 3THJIeH nepeXORH.n
B ra3006pa3HOe COCTOSIHHe, H JjaBJleHne
B cocyAe AocTnrano 600-700 am~FS.
,IZO nOCTynJIeHHA B yCTBHOBKy n0
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
McTHJIOBbIFt CnNpT ABa}KJ~bI 06e3B0}KnBaJII-i CyJlbCpaTOM McAH H ne-
peroxx.nH. II.norxocTb ero npx 25? pasxxnacb 0,7857 z/c~3.
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yjJ,eJIbHbI13 BeC ~IHCTOI'O r.nnuepNHa, n3 KOTOpOI'O rOTOB13JIaCb CMeCb,
pasex 1,246 z/c,>ti3 npx 20?, yAe,nbxblH sec pacrsopa ns 80% (Becosblx)
r.nHuepNxa N 20% BoRbI cocras.nx.n 1,213 z/c.>ti3 npx 20?.
XHMx~IeCKnH COCTaB nCCJIej(OBBHHbIX M2TaJIJIOB npHBeAeH B
Ta6.ir. 2.
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~ B Tdf)JIN Ijf yKd3aHbi 3f124CHNA yI'JIOB CM84NBdHNA B I{eJ161X I'paJ{yCG X, 8 B2JIN4NHbI KOCNfiy-
COB COOTBfTCTBy10T TOHHOMy 3H24fHNIIO yCJIO6 B I'I72J{)'C3X N MHH}~7'8X.
~KCnepI~IM2HTdJIbHble JZaHHble nOKa3bIBaK)T, ~ITO CMatIxBaeMOCTb
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H ceporo ~yryxa BOJ(OI3, CMa30~IHbIM MBCJIOM, McT2HOJIOM H pacrso-
poM rnnuepxxa c BoAoi3 Bo Bcex xcc.neRosaxxblx c,ny~axx yxyRmaeT-
cx c yse.nH~IexxeM Aas.nexxx rasa (souopoAa, asora, yr.nexnc,noro
rasa H sTN.nexa). HaN6o.nbulee a6conlOTxoe sxa~lexNe cMa~IxBaeMOCrH
HMeeT Meraxo.n, sareM cMaso~HOe Mac,no. Kpaesoi3 yro.n Meraxo.na
B npxcyrcrsxn c}Karoro Ao 800 am~l-t asora cocrasnsleT A,nx xcc.neAo-
BBHHbIX McTaJIJIOB 13-24? x cMaso~Ixoro Mac,na 21-46?.
KpaesoH yro,n solibl npH Tex xce yc,rrosxslx cocraB.nxeT,
B 3aBNCHMOCTx OT McTaJlna, 115-128?.
B npxCVTCTBI3H }Ke CxcaTOrO OT 1 AO 60 amt yr.nexxc.noro rasa
McTBHOJt nOJIHOCTbK) CMaLIHBaeT BCe HCCJIe]~OBBHHble McTaJIJIbI.
1'I3 FiCCJIeJZOBBHHbIX McTaJIJIOB CpaBHHTenbHO xyRulylo cMa~IHSae-
MOCTb HMeK)T()pOH3a I3 XpOM, OCTaJIbHble x{e MCTadlJibi BO BC2X CJIyLIaSIX
I3MelOT OLIeHb 6JIH3KHe Me3KJjy COCOH 3Ha~IeHI3x KpaeBbIX yrnos.
IlpxpoAa rasa oxasblBaeT s.nHSlHxe Ha cMa*~HBaeMOCTb Ncc.neAo-
Baxxblx Mera.ri.nos. I~Isy~lexne cmanxsaeMOCrH Taxoro rNApoc)IO6xoro
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
600 100 20D 3400 SOD600700 d003~ 1GtID
,gaBneyae, Kt/cMz
PNC, 1, CMavNBaeMOCTb MBTa7106 BOJ~OH
B npxcyTCTexx cNCaTOro Bo,~opoAa npx
25?C:
1-6poeaa; ?-xceneao; 3-CT. 4; 4-cepbiA
vyryii.
700 tf7 ZQ7,~17 4Gt7J~t7 CA7 NA76~I 9T7 ~
,gaB~~e,KZ,~c>,~
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P npNCyTCTBNN C}KaTOi'O a30Ta npx 25?C:
(--6poHSa; 2-NCeneso; 3-Cr. 4; 4-cepb~iS
vyryfi.
Qadneyue, ire/cwt
80U 111V Z00 300400 .fG}7607 7D0 &'A75~A7,R70
,QaBpeHUe, nr/cw2
PNC. 2, CMavxBaeMOCTb M2Ta170B BOJ[OH
B npxCyTCTBxx C}KaTOI'O a30Ta npn 25?C:
1-xpom; 2-Hehenb; 3-cTanb 3S-l-T; 4-cTanb
3NC-2.
SO 100 1S0 Z10 2S0 3UU
~~a0n:nu~ Rc/ -sit
Pxc. 4. CMavnaaeMOCTb M2Ta7708 BOJ(OH
B npxcyTCTBNx c>xaroro 9Txlexa npx 25?C:
1-6poasa; 2-HeKenb; 3--cTanb 3A1-T; 4-ce-
pbiq vyryt~.
10 20 30 40 SO G:?
QaBneNUe,KS/s~.z
1-6poasa; ?-Nt+henb; 3-cTanb 3SI1-T; 4-cepeilN
vyrye.
npxCyTCTBNx CN(aTOPO 3THJIexa npn 50?C: BoAo~ B npxcyTCrBxx cxcaTOro yr-
7exxc~TOro rasa npx 25?C:
/-xpom; 2-cTanb 95I1-T; 3-cranb
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
,~o
'$ ao
30
m 25
C ~n
,gaBneaue,Kt/cMa
P}{C. 7. CMa9NBaeMOCT6 McTaJ1.~OB BOJjOFI
B npNCyTCTBNN C}KaTOtO yr.~eKNCJ10I'O ra-
sa npN 25`C:
1 6pousa; ? ~vyrytr, B--Cr. 4; ~-- aceneao.
70
60
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$ ZO
10
0 100 Z0030040U 5006D0700 80090010D0
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309HbIM M2CJIOM B np}iCyTCTBNN C7xaT01'O
asoTa NpN 25?C:
/ -6por,sa;?--ceph~ii vyrya; 3--NCeneso; ~--Cr. 4.
0 /0 20 30 40 50 60
QaBneHUe, Ke/ca~z
PNC. I1. CMavNBaeMOCTb McTa.~.TO6 cma-
309Hb1M A{aC~IOM B npNCyTCTBIiN CNLaTOCO
yr.~elcz/c~2 yMexbHlaeTCx c 17,5 Ro
3,5 Kel~3.
1. I~Icc.neposaxa pacTBOpHMOCTb oxncH yr.nepoAa s Mep,HO-aMMl~an-
}IOM pacTBOpe TpeX COCTaBOB npx JjaBJIeHnSIX 50 II 300 K2/C~Vt T2M-
nepaTypax 0, 20, 40 H 60? n pa3HbIX napIl,HaJIbHbIX p,aBJIeHnSIX OKIICH
yr.nepop,a.
2. Onpe~e,neHa paCTBOpHMOCTb a30T0-BOj[OpOJjHOI~I CMeC 2 B McJ1,H0-
aMMHavIIOM pacTBOpe npH AaB.neHHAx 50, 150 n 250 >cz/cam H TeMne-
paTypax 20, 40 x 60?.
3. OnpeAe.nexo coAepxcanne aMMHaxa, soAbl H yr.nexHC.noro rasa
B rasosoil cease xaR Me;iHO-aMMHa~IHbIMx paeTSOpaMn npn Aas.nennH
50 H 300 kzlc~x2.
4. 1-10Ka3aH0, 9T0 JI,aHIIble n0 paCTBOpHMOCTH OKHCH yr.nepoAa
s Mep,xo-aMNIHa~IHOM pacTBOpe xopoHlo nepeRaloTCSI ypasxenneM
H. M. }Kasopoxxosa H B. T. Llaryxasa, Ha%IAeHbI Ko~cpc~rauHeHTbI
V?~ x x sTOro ypasnexr~sl RnA Hcc,neposaxxblx pacTBOpoB.
5. HaI-Ij[eHO, TITO CTIa6ble Mej(HO-aMMFIaLIHble paCTBOpbI npH MaJIbIX
KOHueHTpaIjHHX OKHCH yr,nepoAa pacTBOpsIIOT 6o.nbme oxi~ICH yrne-
poAa, 9eM KOHIjeHTpHpOBaHHble.
6. 1-IOKa3aH0, ~ITO Cyn1,eCTByeT npSIMaSI npOIlOp1lnOHaJIbHOCTb
Me}Kj[y paCTBOpnMOCTbK) a30T0-BOZI,OpO11HOIt CM2CII B McJjHO-aMMHa~I-
I-IOM paCTBOpe n A2BJIeHneM.
Jlereparypa
~. W. R. H a i n s w o r t, E. J. T i t u s, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 43, l (1921).
2. A. R.Larson,C.S.Teitsworth, J. Am. Chem.S~~~N,o'2,825(1940).
4. H. M o 1 1 e r~, Z ~ anorg. Bal g. Chem.,r 224, al 13 (1 35) (
5. H. M o l l e r, K. L o s c h e w s k i, Z. anorg. allg. Chem., 224, 369 (1938).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
6. K.Loschewski,H.Tolkmitt,H.Moller,Z.anorg.allg.Chem.,
235, 369 (1938).
7. ,Ij. C. U H K JI N C, TeXHNKa f~N3HK0-XNMNVeCKNX NCCJIeJ(OBBHNIi nPN BbICOKNX
,1(aBJIeHNSIX, TOCXNMN3J(aT, 1951.
8. M. P a t r y, R. D u q u e t, C. r., 225, 1158; 226, 255, 1527, 1621 (1948).
9? D? W v? K r e w e 1 e n, C. M. E. B a a n s, J. Phys. a. Coll. Chem., 54,
370 (1950).
10. L a n d o l t-Bornstein, Physikalisch-Chemische Tabellen, II Aon.
ToM, cTp. 1339.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Kartdudam mexx. xayrc B. A. KJIEBKE, JI. M. KOHTOPOBN9
~N3NK0-XNMN4ECKNE KOHCTAHTbI
A30THOKNCJIb1X COJIE>~
Coo6ul,eHHe nepsoe
B co.nesoH .na6opaTOpH13 I'I'IAII noR pyxoBORcTBOM ICI. P. KPH-
~IeBCKOI'O 6bIJIH OnpeACJIeHbI (~133I3K0-XI3MHtIeCKHe KOHCTBHTbI a30TH0-
KHCJIbIX COJIeI3: yAeJIbHbII3 BeC BOJ~HbIX paCTBOPOB aMMHa~IHOI-i H KaJIb-
I(HeBOI~I CeJIHTpbI, a T3K}Ke paCTBOpOB KaJIbIZHeB013 CeJIHTpbt C Jj0-
6aBKOH aMMHaT~HOI3 CeJIHTpbI; BsI3KOCTb BO~[HbIX paCTBOpOB aMMHa~I-
HOI3, HBTPHeBOI1, KaJIbI[H2BOI3 CeJIHTpbI H CMe-
HIBHHbIX paCTBOPOB KaJIbL~HCBOI~i H aMMHa9HOH
CeJIHTpbI; TeMIIepaTypa KHneHHSI paCTBOPOB aM-
MHaiIHOI3 CeJIHTpbI pa3JIHtIHbIX KOHIjeHTpaIZHH;
IIapuHaJ[bHble lI,aBJIeHHH H2O H HNO;~ xaA pacTSO- 04 0,4
paMH NH4N03 HN03 H2O, a Taxxce H2O H
NH3 xaA pacTBOpaMn NH4N03 NH3 H2O. R3 _ os
YAe.nbxwH sec QZ O,Z
jZ.rlx onpeRe.nexHx yRenbxoro Beca H Rpyrxx c~H-
3I3K0-XHMI3~IeCKHX KOHCT2HT npI3MeHSIJIH XHMH~IeCKH ~~ 0/
tIHCTble, IIepeKPI3CTaJIJIYI30B8HHble npenapaTbl. .~
IIHKHOMeTp J~JIx onpeAeneHHx yAenbxoro Beca
(pxc. 1) npeAcTaB.nsln co6oK xo.n6o~xy o6~eMOM
`ZQ ~/I, CHa6}KeHHylO AByMSI rpaj(yHPOBaHHbIMH Ka-
nH,a,nxpHbIMH Tpy6KaMH, 3aKpblBaeMbIMH npHTep-
TbIMH np06K8MH.
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Tpy6KH paseH 0,01 stn.
PaCTBOp COJIH BBORHJIH B nI3KHOM2Tp nl3neTKOI3
C OTTHHyTbIM y3KHM KOHgOM, nHneTKy B CJiy~lae KOHIjeHTpHpOBaH-
HbIX paCTBOPOB IlpeJjBapHTeJIbHO H1rpeBa.)IH.
B TepMOCTBT-COJIbnIyIO CTeKdISIHHyK) npo6Hpxy (c pesxxosox
np06K013)-BCTflBJISIJIH III3KHOMeTp, TepMOMeTp H 06paTHbII3 XOiIOZ[HJIb-
HHK. IIOCJIeJjHHI3 6bIJI COeJjHHeH C MBHOMeTPOM H BaKyyM-HB000OM
~Iepe3 MBHOCTBT Rnsl IIO~[epxcaHHx nOCTOSIHHOTO BaKyy 2a nxKHOMeT
BeAexxH onbtTOS Ao 100? s npo6Hpxy HanHSanH Bol[y, P
HaxoAH~csI xaR BoAox. B cxcTerne co3AasanH BaxyyM H RosoRHnH Bo-
Ay Ao xxnexHx. TeMnepaTypy xHneHHSI BoAbl, a cneAosaTenbno, x TeM-
nepaTypy TepMOCTaTa onpeAenxnH no se.aH~Hxe ocTaTO~lHOro AasneHHx.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
,I~.nx onpeRe.neHHSI yAe,nbnoro Beca npH TeMnepaType Bblme 100?
B npo6Hpxy Ha,nNSa.nN r.aHuepNH. IlHxnoMeTp norpyxca.aH B r,>iHge-
pHH, TeMnepaTypy KOTOpOI'O H3MepSI,1IH TepMOMCTpOM C ueH0I3 Ae.ne-
HHx 0,1 ?. KorAa o6~beM pacTBOpa B nxxxoMeTpe npxHHMa,n no-
cTOxnxoe sna~IeHHe, ero HsMepsl.nH, oTCYHTbIaasl Ko.nHnecTBO Ae,~exHI3
n0 OCOHM KanHJIdISIpaM nHKHOMeTpa. 3aMepbI J~eJIaJIH C TO~IHOCTbK)
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H cxosa HsMepx,nH o6~,eM pacTBOpa. Bo BpeMx HarpeBaxHx pacTBOpa
IIepHOj[HTI2CKH, H3 OJjHH MOMeHT, OTKpbIBaJII~I np06KH nHKHOMeTpa.
1THKHOM2Tp B3BeIIIHBaJII-I H aHa,TIg3HpOBaJIH pacTSOp.
yl(eJIbHbIII BeC 6bIJI onpeAe.aeH A.nsl c,>ieAylou~Hx pacTBOpos: aM-
MHaYHOII CeJIHTpbI C COj[ep}KaHH2M OT 50 j[O 99% NH4N03, KaJlbuxe-
BOI3 CeJIHTpbI C CO,IZep}KaHH2M OT 40 jj0 85 o Ca(N03)2, Ka.nbIjHesoi~
ce.~HTpbI c coAepx;anxeM oT 21,84 Ao 79% Ca(N03)z cAo6asxoi3 ~5?/u
aMMHaLIHOI3 CeJIHTpbI (Ta6,n. 1-3, pNC. 2-4).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Y,QeJIbHbIN Bec Bopxbix pacrsopo6 Kanbl{xesoN cenxrpbt
ldiG1L3~
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1,4175
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1,6805
1,6705
1,6608
1,6510
75
1,7650
1,7570
1,7475
1,7403
1,7309
1,7200
1,7103
80
1,8245
1,8155
1,8075
1,8000
1,7910
1,7810
1,7708
85
1,8840
1,8750
1,8675
1,8600
1,8515
1,8415
1,8325
Ta6nu~;a 3
YAenbxwi+ sec BOj(HbIX pacrBOpo6 KaJIbIjHCBO{1 cenxrpw c Ao6aexoi+ 5~/o NH,N03*
(zi~~?)
Ca (N03) ;
'O
50
GO
'0 ~
80
90 ~
100 ~
110
120
~ !'30
50,0
1,5420
1,4950
1,4860
1,4785
1,4680
1,4585
1,4522
1,4445
55,0
1,5660
1,5570
1,5480
1,5410
1,5305
1,5200
1,5120
1,5080
60,0
1,6282
1,6195
1,6105
1,6030
1,5945
1,5840
1,5780
1,5700
65,0
1,6905
1,6820
1,6730
1,6660
1,6570
1,6480
1,6410
1,6340
70,0
1,7530
1,7440
1,7360
1,7290
1,7200
1,7105
1,7040
1,6965
75,0
1,8140
1,8060
1,7990
1,7920
1,7840
1,7745
1,7670
1,7600
79,0
11,8660
1,8580
1,8500
1,8420
1,8340
1,8260
1,8180
1,8110
1,4380
1,5005
1,5635
1,6260
1,6900
1,7520
1,8025
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
? !O
!!0
D?
?
'
90 ?
BO?
?
70
EO?
50?
-
~
-
-
--
-
'
--
~
-!
~
I
~
!4
/foNueHmpau~a,
PF1C. 3, y~eAbHbIH aec pacraopa Ca(NO3)2
60 65 70 75
Koyuenmoo[(uA
PIIC. 4. YAe.nbxblil sec pacraopa Ca(NO;~)~-I-Ao6.
NH,~N03.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
napgNanbH61e AaBr1eHH9 NH3 H H2U HaA BOAHbIMH paCTBOpaMN
NHQNU3 NH3, a T8K1Ke H2O H HN03 HaA BOJ[HbIMH paCTBOPaMN
NH4N03-HN03
IIapuxa.nbxble Aas,nexl3x NH3 x H2O HaA pacTBOpaMH
H2O-NH4N03-NH3
onpeAe.nft.nH B npH6ope (pHC. 5 H 6), KOTOpbII3 H3XOJjHJICA B TepMO-
CTBTe 1, 3anOJIHeHHOM rJIHL[epHHOM.
HCCJIej~yeMbIIt paCTBOp aMMI-IaLIHOII CeJIHTpbI 3aJIHBaJIH uepe3
BepXHee OTBepCTHe BO BHyTpeHHxI~I COCyR 2 (pxc. 5). IIo Tpy6Ke 3
nOAaBanH B 3MeeBHK 4 ra3006pa3HbII-I aMMHBK J~JISI HflCbILljeHnSI pac-
TBOpa aMMHBKOM.
H36bITOK aMMHflKa H napbl BOJjbI yXOAn.nx LIepe3 Tpy6xy 6
B aTMOC(~epy, a npn pa6oTe HOA BaKyyMOM OTCBCbIBaJII-ICb BaKyyM-
HB000OM.
AOCTI-I}KeHne paBHOBeCHSI Me}KJ~y }Knj[KOI3 n ra30BOII (~a3aMli Onpe-
j[eJIAJIH n0 COBnaj[eHHK) aHa.TIn30B }KI~IjjKOI?I (~a3bl, OTCHpaeMOI3 ~Iepes
20-30 MHH.
Ilpo6y }KHjjKOI3 Cpa3bI OT6HpaJIH Llepe3 KpaH 7 HJIn LIepe3 BepXHee
oTBepcTne npH6opa (npH BbICOKHX KOHI.jeHTpaLjnftX paCTBOpa), npo-
6V ra30BOI3 (~a3bl-H3 KOHjjeHCaTOpa c4, nOMen(eHHOI'O B COCyJ~ ,~bK)a-
pa c oxnaxcRaloHiHM pacTSOpoM.
KOHjjeHCBTOp cg 6bIJI COeJ~HHeH CO CKJIftHKOI3 THnjeHKO, coAepxcaB-
HI2Id TI3TPOBflHHbII3 paCTBOp CepHOI3 KI3CJIOTbI.
Ilpx npOBeAeHIIH OnbITa, nOCJIe yCT1HOBJIeHHft paBHOBeCI-Ift,
KoHAexcaTOp npxcoeAxxft.nH x npl~6opy, a Tpy6xy 6 nepe-
KpbIBaJIN.
IIpH pa6oTe HOZ[ BaKyyMOM OTKpbITbIFI KOHeIj CKJIftHKH THBjeHKO
T03Ke npHCOeJjHHftJIH K BaKyyM-HBCOCy.
KorAa B KOHJ~eHCaTOpe Ha6xpaJIOCb OKOJIO 1 ,u /l }KH,IjKOCTn,
OnbIT npexpaHJ,a.nx, cocyA Z[bloapa yAa,nft.nn H OTI'OHftJIH aMMIdaK H3
KOHjjeHCBTOpa B CKJIftHKy THIi1.eHK0. COCTaB ra30BOI3 Cpa3bI paCCtInT61-
BanH n0 aHaJlH3y KOHReHCaTa B KOHJjeHCBTOpe n pacTSOpa B cx.iixx?
Ke TH[I~eHKO (pHC. 5).
Jinx npOBepKH HaAexcHOCTH pa60TbI npn60pa 6bIJIH n3MepeHbi
napgxa.nbHble J1,aBJIeHHft NH3 H H2O HaJj BOl(HbIMI3 pacTSOpaMH aM-
MxaKa. "
Pe3ynbTflTbI cosna.nx C .nHTepaTypHbIMI3 j[aHHbIMx.
Pe3yJIbT8TbI npOBej[eHHbIX OnbITOB npeJ1,CT8BJIeHb[ B Ta6JI. 4 H
Ha pHC. 7 H g.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
PHC. 5. IIpH6op It?7H onpe,gcleHHn nap~IHa.~76Hbix
,~aBSexH>3 aMMHaxa H Ho,abl Ha,~ pacTBOpaMH
NH4N0;,-NH3-I-1 O:
A =mpmocra'r; ?-r.+.}'~rheitHltil I~ocyry; 3Tp~-6xa ,Xnx
noAavH ammeaxa; ?daMeeBilh: u,6Tpy6xB A.na Bhr
~oua napoB aMMeasa x Bo,yF,l; 7i:paN AnR oT6ot~a npo-
Fit,i; SrollAcecarop, nonaculerliih!H B cocyA AI>toapa;
'J -cl: ~sFUha I'tiuleHtio; l0- TpyFitia a;nB no,~avH Bos~yxa.
NH3
PHC. ~~. ~,XOMd yCT2HOBK}I ,~:Ift OI]peJjCO@H}1A IldpgHa7bHhIX J(BBJIeHNN 8MMN2KH
H BOJjbI HaA pacTBOpaMH NH4N03-NH3-H2O:
1-fian.noll c NH3; 2-xanoBha c KOH; 3-Maeomerp; 4-npx6op p{ns3 onpeAeneyBB ^apgBanbHtax
%{a BIIEIINI.7; u`-j)eCyJIATOp BeKyyMa B CNCT2Mf; s-6ycj)fp; 'J-pTyTH61f~ MBHOMCTp.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6auua 4 .
flapgxanbxwe AasneeNA NH3 x H2O xaA pacraopamN NH4N03-NH3-H20
CocTas paCTBOpa, ~u
~
F
IlapuNan[,Htile
AaHneHNA, MM.
pT, CT.
CocTas paCTBOpB, ~o
~
~
ilafigHa.nbHwe
RaeneHNA, M.11
PT. CT.
G
~'
G
NH~NO3
AH3
'
~
C
~~
H2O I
NH3 I
NH~N03I
NH3
C
FV
H2O
NH3
49
9
10
4
60
51,6
704,4 86,2
0,86
100
273,4
286,2
,
,
7,79
58,8
494,8
0,57
167,3
175,7
4,79
69,3
281,3
2,6g
89,4
161,2 86,2
p,35
110
299,6
156,2
1,15
232,3
517,2
57,3
13,0
50
32,3
725,7
0,63
256,9
293,5
10,9
88
8
34,3
38,8
571,7
409,2 89,9
1,18
136,6
620,4
,
63
5
7
66
236,8
1,06
201,6
551,4
,
,
0,28
296,7
162,9
0,20
236,8
112,2
59,3
9,28
60
39,6
707,9
7,63
63
5
98,9
7
63
510,1 91 7
394
9
0,32
120
281,6
488,6
1
,
3,59
,
IOL,O
,
205,0
0 50
0 23
341,1
310,7
271,
154,5
62,8
6,55
70
93,0
661,0 90 9
p 47
130
328,2
418,0
5,27
54,5
547,0
0,24
417,8
167,5
3,59
72,0
384,0
p 17
413,6
125,4
1,47
113,8
178,2
95,4
0,64
130
155,8
592,0
65,9
3,74
80
146,0
604,5
0,37
288,3
341,3
3,06
117,6
482,9
0,20
212,9
234,9
1,96
104,3
347,2
0,18
277,1
172,5
0,79
~
158,9
137,1
95,5
0,56
140
102,3
662,5
2
78
64
5
70
50,1
701,9 ~
0,39
227,4
337,4
,
,
4,42
46,2
553,8
0,13
288,9
175,9
3,06
72,1
379,9
1,79
73,4
228,6 gg,3
0,40
150
142,9
624,E
0,26
171,Fi
445,E
78,2
3,88
80
29,2
718,8
0,13
226,9
239,E
? 2,99
46,7
551,3
1,86
112,0
336,0 y7,3
0,48
150
98,0
664,9
0,45
143,2
606,2
2
79
73
2
90
155,6
597,8
U,35
1(6,0
485,
,
,
2,67
127,7
623,1
0,10
308,6
140,
1,56
150,0
403,0
0,78
180,5
172,5 96,9
0,40
160
120,4
641,
0,27
164,8
446,
85,6
2,49
90
48,4
705,2
0,15
188,2
273,
1,60
85,7
463,3
0,75
168,3
181,7 97,4
0,31
170
65,0
695,
0,25
98,4
,~i1,
86,2
1,82
100
201,6
547,7 ~~
0,16
123,2
337,
0
8
2
8
4
2
8
0
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
a 600
~ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ~0 J/ /2 /9
NH3,
PNC. 7. Ynpyrocrb ^apOB NH3 Ha,1~ CNCTPMOFi:
NH4N03-NH3-HzO.
~b ~~~
~'
\y
~~~
~~0
,,~0
86
~~ ,
ti I. 8
9~ ,
56
S
1
a
0
!5 Z,0 Z,5
NH3,
PNC. 8. Ynpyrocrb napoB NH3 Han cNCreMOii:
NH4N03-NH3-HzO.
~? ~~? ~~~ ~ ti\? ?~o
?~~ti ~~~' ?,6~'~,10, ~~ti~
p 0 00 ~ ~
~o ~a
O,~g9 ~y,~~
6 6
Ie
~
5
a
,59.
3
,
,
,,
~?
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Zj.nx onpeAe.nexl3x napuxa.nbxblx Aas.aexHi3 HNO, H H2O Ha,q
pacTBOpaMx H2O-NH4N03 HN03 B Ko.n6y npH6opa (pxc. 9)
Ha.nHSa.nx HcnblTyeMbI13 pac'rBOp H xarpesa.nx Ao xxnexHSI. IIapbl noJi-
HHMaJIxCb n0 y3KOI3 BHyTpeHHeli Tpy6Ke H KOHJjeHCnpOBaJIHCb B
XOJIOJ~I3JIbHHKe. 1~OHReHCflT co6Hpa.ncx
B HHneTKe H nepeTexa,n o6paTxo B
PNC. 9. IIpN6op ~JIfl onpeAe-
~eHNfl NapuNal6HbIX AaB~eHNFi.
KOJIOy. `iC~C3 HeKU"1v~uc H~cmx Ha~iy-
na.no pasxosecHe MexcAy xcl~IAxox H
ra30B013 (~a3aMH, Ha ~ITO yKa36IBaJIa
yCTBHOBHBHIaSICSI HOCTOSIHHaSI T2MHe-
paTypa xxneHHx pacTBOpa.
BO B5 90 95 /00
Ko~uenmpauuA
PNC. l0. YnpyrocTb napos HN03
Han cNCremoil: NH4N03-HN03-
-H20(HN03-0,5~io )~
/-aTMOC(~CpHOe Aa BJIeHHe; 2-RaliyyM
~~OO MA2 pT. CT.; 3-RaxyyM 4?? .xM
PT. CT.
LIT06bI H36e}KaTb KOH,I1,eHCaLjHH ra30B B rop.ne Ko.nobl, rop,ao
6bIJ10 CJjeJIaHO JjBOIIHbIM H CHa6}KeHO nepeJjBxN(IIOI3 3JIeKTpO-
HeTIbK).
$TOpOI3 XOJIOJ~HJIbHHK npH60pa npeAHa3Ha~Ia.nCx JZJIR OKOH~IaTeJIb-
HOI3 KOHp,eHCauHH napoB, HpoHIeRuIHx vepes nepsbli3 XOJIOJ~HJIbHHK,
OCOCeHHO npH pa6oTe nOJj BBKyyMOM.
~JISI paBHOMepH01'O KHH2HI-iSi paCTBOpa B KOJ16y nOMeHjaJIHCb TOH-
KHe CTeKJISIHHb[e KanHTIJISIpbI.
1-lOCJIe j(OCTH}KeHHSI paBHOB2CI3fI Me}KJ~y }KHJjKOII H ra30BOI3 (~a-
saMH oT6Hpa.nx npo6y }Kx,Z1,KOi'I (pa3b1 H KOHjI,eHCBTa (naposax cpasa).
1-10 aHaJIx3y KOHJjeHCBTa paCC~IHTbIBaJIH napuxaJlbHble ,i[aBJIeHHA
a30THOI3 KI-iCJIOTbI H BOZ[bI Haj( paCTBOpaMH, COCTflB KOTOpbIX Aasa.n
aHaJIx3 }KI3J~KOI%I (~a3bl.
,~JISI nposepKH npaBHJIbHOCTH Bb16paHHOH McTOJ~xKH H Haj[e}KHOCTH
c6opxx npH6opa npeABapHTe.abxo npOBeJjeH 6bIJ1 OnbIT C 46,826-HbIM
paCTBOpOM a307'HOI3 KHCJIOTbI. IIpx j[aBJIeHHH 440,5 ~~ pT. cT.
pacTBOp xHne.n npH 100?. KoHAexcaT coAepxca.n 18,36% HN03,
81,64% H2O, T. e. Pllrro3=26,6 ~~ pT. cT. H PH2o=413,9 M.tt pT. cT.,
9T0 HBXO,T~HTCSI B XOpOHIeM COBnaZ[eHHH C dlHTepaTypHbIMH ,I(aHHbIMH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
OHbITbI nposoAH.~I~cb c pacTBOpaMn, coRepxcasniHMH 75-97,4?i}
NH4N03 H 0,5-2,0?,o HN03 (Ta6.n. 5, pHC. 10-12).
Ta6nu?a 5
napgNd,nbH6IQ paBnCNNA HNOa N H2O eaA pacraopame NH4N03-HN03-H2O
~OC7'aB paCTBOpa, ?,o
~
Q,
i.
napgxan6tm~e
j(a BJ1eH NSi, MM
pT. CT.
COCTaB pacrsopa, ?~
~
G
F
HapgHanbeh~e
Jja BJ1eHHA, M.N
pT. CT.
+
NHgN03
I HN03
G
v
Ho
H2O
I HN03
NHgN03
I HN03
C
~
~V
H2O
I HN03
76,5
1,5
130,4
763,0
4,2
95,0
177,5
541,6
15,8
80,9
134,5
764,5
4,5
95,5
173,2
506,2
47,5
88,7
159,1
748,8
14,4
96,6
186,0
524,8
30,2
91,7
166,5
723,3
31,1
79,0
104,1
365,1
1,1
94,9
182,0
716,1
37,9
86,3
173,0
365,6
3,6
96,5
139,0
688,9
57,7
95,0
165,0
347,8
10,0
97,0
192,0
705,6
59,4
95,0
161,0
341,5
12,5
78,8
120,6
564,6
2,6
96,5
176,0
348,2
16,6
83,5
91,5
126,5
148
9
561,4
560
0
4,8
12
9
g0,5
0,5
129,6
748,7
0,7
93,8
,
160
0
,
528
4
,
24
2
g6,2
142,9
764,3
2,5
94,4
,
168,0
,
523,1
,
30,8
87 2
g6
1
150,7
136
5
742,8
735
2
4,9
22
1
95,2
1
79
177,0
]06
2
511,4
367
2
35,2
4
2
,
g7 4
,
207,5
,
745,2
,
19,8
,
3
85
,
112
5
,
363
1
,
3
1
78 9
117,3
552,1
0,6
,
,
,
,
87 5
132,5
564,7
2,1
93,8
1,5
139,8
351,5
]0,1
87,7
135,5
544,5
3,2
94,4
152,2
336,8
17,2
91,6
145,8
542,1
5,7
95,3
164,0
326,4
20,2
95,5
182,5
542,5
14,8
96,0
171,7
336,4
24,6
96,9
189,0
553,8
77,4
1,0
128,9
755,0
1,8
78,2
88
6
103,6
3
121
352,3
365
5
0,4
1
3
83,8
84
7
136,0
140
0
756,5
762
8
3,7
4 g
,
92,4
,
138,5
,
346,4
,
1,4
,
91
3
,
157
5
,
739
3
g 5
95,7
169,3
348,5
8,8
,
95,4
,
182,0
,
715,3
97,0
179,0
358,4
6,6
96,2
194,5
733;3
24,0
79,8
2,0
134,2
752,7
6,3
96,7
195,0
721,6
43,4
92,9
181,7
687,4
66,6
81,8
119,4
558,1
1,6
92,6
157,5
517,7
36,5
85,5
139,9
563,6
3,8
93,5
141,5
335,3
18,9
BA3KOCT6
A.IISI OnpeJjeJIeHHSI BSI3KOCTH 6btd'I npHMeHeH McT0,1; KanHJIJIApa.
Ha OCHOBaHHH OnbITHbIX JjaHHbIX npOH3BOj[HJIH pac~IeT K03(~CpH-
L~H2HTa BA3KOCTH HO cpopMy.ne
Y1=7~A~-B~
Y~-BSI3KOCTb, CBHTHnya3bI;
.`~ Ii B-KOHCTaHTbI npH6opa (A=0,0225 H 8=12,5);
^~-yjjeJIbHbII3 B2C HCnbITyeMOI'O paCTBOpa;
T-BpeMx HCTeYeHHA }I{HJjKOCTH, CeK.
KOHCTaHTbI .4 H B OnpeAe.aRK)T Ha OL'HOBaHHH OnbITOB C }I{HJ~KOCTbK),
BR3KOCTb KOTOpON H3B2CTHa.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
B xo~16y BNCxosNMeTpa (pNC. 13) xa.nNBa.nN 100 ~~ NcnblTyeMOro
pacTBOpa. Il.nas aMMNa~IHOH CeJIHTpbI BbICOKOI3 KOHIjEHTpaL[HH IIpeA-
BapHTeJIbHO paCNJIaBJISIJIN N Ha1INBaJIH B BNCK03NMeTp, HOMeHjeHHblId
B TepMOCTBT HpN TeMNepaType BbII1Ie T2MliepaTypbl IIJIaBJIeHNSI NCNbI-
TyeMOI'O paCTBOpa.
75 80 85 90 95 100
HoNUeNmpau~A. %
PNC. 12. ynpyrocTb napoB
I1N03 xan cxcTemolt:
NH~N03-HN03-H2O
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
OCTaJIOCb TOJIbKO B BepXHeM CJIOe }{a BbIXOJ~e ra3a H3 peaKTOpa,
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
KOTOpble ~Iepej~OBBJIHCb nepHOJjaMH KOHBepCHH C BOJ),SIHbIM napoM, co-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Merana yna,na Ao 35?.0. B Te~enne nepsoro ilaca Ha KaTa.nxsaTOpe
oceAa.no 8-10 z yr,nepop,a.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
1ZpHBeAeHHble IjNC~pbI HOKa3bIBaK)T, ~iTO HpN~INHOlI McX2HN~feCKOI'O
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n3-3a npONCXOARUlerO pa3pblBa KVCKOB KaTa1IN3aTOpa.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
ICOHBQpCHA McT1Ha C KNCJIOpOJ~OM H1 IIHKQJIQBOM K1T1JIH38TOpe
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4)4
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
c xe6o.nbulxM xo.nHxecTBOM Boltxxoro papa (nap : ras=0,5:1),.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
conno pacnbl.nexxoro pacTBOpa xxxe.nesois co.nN. IIpN sTOM napbl
xxxe,nx, aAcop6xpyxcb xa ~IacTxuax yrnepoAa, co,gel3cTByIOT xx
B3aNMO,1~eI3CTBNK) C BOJjSIHbIM napOM.
ORHaKO K B 3TOM c~ly~lae10 xe yAa.nocb Ns6erxyTb o6pasosaxNx
yrnepoAa Rax{e npx xoxsepcxx ra3a, coAepxcaH>;ero xe 6o~Iee 30?.0
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6eranN K CJIO}KHbIM McTOAaM O~INCTKN.
1-lepepa60TKa x0 yKa3aHHOMy M2TOJjy ra30B C COJjep}KaHxeM 60JIee
30% McTflxa Ns-sa BOSpaCTaK)II[eI~I CKOpOCTN O6pasOBBHNH yrnepoAa
H 3a6NBdHNSi KOHTflKTHOI'O annapaTa HeB03M0}KHa.
BO ~paHL(NN B nOCneAHNe rOAbI paspa60TflH M2TOA KOHBepCNN
McT2Ha C BOARHbIM napOM H KNCJIOpOAOM, n03BOnHIOnjNI3 N3~e}KaTb
OCpasOBBHNSI yrJIepOJja10. B npNHUNne 3TOT McTOA B2CbMa CX03K C
McTOAOM, OCyx~eCTBneHHbIM HBMN B nOnysaBOACKNX yCJIOBNSIX eHje
B 1934 r. Ox oT.nxnaeTCx TOnbKO T2M, ~ITO CM2Cb McTflHa, BOASIHOI'O
papa N KNCJIOpOAa BO N36e3KaHNe BOCnnaMeHeHNfi npeABapNTenbHO He
nOAOrpeBaeTCH H n0 nOCTynneHNN B KOHTBKTxbI1-i annapaT H2Me,IjJIeH-
HO nonaAaeT Ha aKTNBHbIIt CMeIIIaHHbIH KBTanNSaTOp. yKa3blBaeTCSI,
B nOJIHOM COOTBeTCTBNN C HaIIINMN AaHHbIMN, nOJIyTIeHxbIMH B 1934 r.,
4T0 peaKuNSI MexcAy McT1HOM H KNCJIOpOAOM B nyCTOM npOCTpaHCTBe
HeN36e}KHO BbI3bIBaeT o6pasosaxxe yrnepoAa.
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neHHOM MBCIDTa6e McTOA KflTanNTN~IeCKOI~I KOHBepCNN M2T3Ha CO CM2CbK)
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ra3 Anx CNHTe3a aMMNBKa 6e3 Cne~OB VrnepOAa. OTMenaeTCSi, ~ITO
NCXOAHble KOMNOHeHT61 nocTynaloT B peaKTOp nOAOrpeTbIMN; Ansl Aax-
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pocrx rasosoH cMecH.
B bI BOA 61
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Bane TeMnepaTyp 400-1100?.
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L[NN TepMN~IeCKOI'O pacnaAa McT2Ha MO}KeT 6bI1'b npON3BeA2H0 6e3 OC-
pasosaHNx yrnepoAa.
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30M Ha HNKeneBOM KaTanN3aTOpe npN A06aBneHNN OKNCnNTeneId B
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yrnepoAa. IIpN sxa~IHTenbxoM yMexbulexNN NJIN npexpau~exNN Ao6a6-
KN oxxc.nNTena TepMN~ecKNH pacnaA McTaxa c o6pasosaxneM yrnepo-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Aa Ha HHKeJIeBOM K3TaJIn3aTOpe npOTeKaeT C 3aMeTHOI3 CKOpOCTbK) yxce
npn 400?. B HHTepBalle TeMnepaTyp 600-800? peaxuHx npoTexaeT
He TOJIbKO Ha nOBepXHOCTI~I, HO H B nopaX K2TaJIn3aTOpa. BCJIejjCTBHe
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npI3BOJZHT K McXflHI39eCKOMy pa3pyLlleHHK) rpaHy.a KaTaJIH3aTOpa j~0
nopoulxa. 3ayr,aepoxcxsaHHe KaTa,nHSaTOpa npl~ 1000 n Bbllue He
sbI3blBaeT ero MexaHI3~Iecxoro paspyuleHl3x.
AKTnBHOCTb 3ayrJlepO]KeHHOI'O KBTaJIH3aTOpa pe3K0 nOHn}KaeTCH.
OJ~H8K0 B npouecce KOHBepCHn C BOJjHHbIM napoM npn 800-1000
npOHCXO,IjnT ra3HCpHKaL[HfI BbIReJIIdBIIIerOCSI yr,nepOAa H nOJIHOe BOC-
CTBHOBJIeHHe nepBOHaTIaJIbHOI3 aKTI3BHOCTn KaTaJIH3aTOpa. IIpr3 600
nOC,ae BbI}KHraHHSI yr.aepOAa aKTHBHOCTb K3TaTIH3aTOpa OCTaeTCN
nOHn}KeHHOIi.
OKnCJIeHHe MCTBHa KHC.TIOPOJ~OM j[O CO H H~ B OTCyTCTBne 'KaTa-
JIH3aTOpa B HCCJIeAOBBHHOM nHTepBaJle TeMnepaTyp (900-1250)
HeI-I36e}KHO CBH3aH0 C 06pa30B2HneM yr.nepoAa. Ec.nI3 npoaoAl3Tb
3Ty peaKL[HIO Ha aKTI-IBHOM HI3KeJIeBOM KBTaJIH3aTOpe B yCJIOBnStX,
nCKJIIOTIaK)IijHX BOCnJIaMeHeHI3e CMeCH McTBHa C BOJ~SIHbIM napOM I3
KIICJIOpOJ~OM Jj0 ee nOCTynneHxsl Ha K2TaJIH3aTOp, TO npouecc xox-
BepcxH MO}KeT E16ITb OCyII),eCTBJIeH 6e3 OTJIO}KeHAH yr.nepoRa.
JIHTeparypa
1. A. r. JI e it 6 y W, I . R. #~ e p r o, }KXII, 15, Ns 5, 41 (1938).
2. B.A.KapNCaBxH,A.f'.JIeu6yW,B.C.O.neHeH,r.SI.Bepro,
b. H. O B u N H H N K O B, }KXI7, 13, Ns 3, 139 (1936).
3. L. K a s s e 1, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 54, 3949 (1932).
4. A. r. TI e x 6 y W, M. A. JI ro A x o s c x a ~, TpyAbi rI~IAI1, Bbm. II, roc-
XNMN3JZaT, 1953.
5. b. 11. K o p H N JI O B, A. I . JI e H 6 y W, Tpyp,bi I HAIL, Bbm. III, I'ocxNM-
NsAaT, 1954.
6. M. A. III n o ,n A H C K N N, A. I`. TI e # 6 y w, TpyAbt I KAI7, Bbin. IV, roc-
XNMN3JjaT, 1954.
7. 11. II. b y A H N K O B, KepaMNVecxaH Texxo,norNfl, v. II, Z[HTBY, XapbxoH-
I(NeB, 1933.
8. C. L. T h o m a s, G. E g l o f f, J. C. M o r r e 1, Ind. Eng. Chem., 31, 109Q
(1939).
9. E. B a r t h o l o m e, Angew. Chem., 61, 388 (1949).
10. J. V e r g u e s, M. P a t r y, Chim. et Ind., 63, 487 (1950).
1 1. G. P a s t o n e s i, Chimica e 1' ind, 35, 699 (1953).
]2. T. Bare 1 1 i, A. T e a t i n i, Riv. Combustibili, 9, 35 {1955).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
KaHdudam mexrt. Hayk B. ,I~. JINBIIJI~1(
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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m y
i KpHBble TpeX pa3JIHLIHbIX
~ ~ HatIaJlbHbIX KOHL[eHTpa-
2 Zo naAaK)T. B KOHeYHbII'I ne-
C /O1, 1 ~~~ a.vw>. ~f{na.n ~. yiSCJ1~riYC-
{~~I.- Hi~teM Ha~a,nbHOro a6-
pxoA peaxuHH CKOpOCTb
d
a n f I I ~ I I ~ ~ .nexxx oxxcx yrnepoAa
p11C. 2, B7NAHHe }18Ya.7bHOI'O J.jaBJIeHNA OKNCH poAa.
~r,eyrnepo,~a Ha CKOpOCTb peaxuHH: BJIHSIHHe ABB~IeHHSI
t-navanhxoe Aaenexxe oxxcx yrnepoAa 32 MM 1[lid~ cT.; BOASIHbIX HapOB Ha CKO-
_'-navanbnoe Aa Bnexxe oxxcx yrnepoAa 48 MM ~j6~ cT.;
3-xavanhnoe Aasnexxe oxxcx yrnepoAa 7l MM Z[B~ cT. pOCTb peaKuHH nOKa3aH0
Ha pHC. 3. Kpxsb-e 1, 2,
~3, 4 OTHOCSITCSI K OnbITBM
C JjaBJIeHI-Ieii BOJ~SIHbIX
napoB 287, 199, 145 H
97 .x~Lt ,~jB~ CT., ~ITO CO-
4 5~-~ ~ ~"`~--I pOCTb O peabKuHH pOB03pa-
~
o ~o npH yse.nH~IexHH AaB.ne-
~ I /~
I I I ~ K8K BHjjHO H3 pHC. 3,
eT M2CT0 TOpMO}KeHHe
peaKgHH OKHCbtO yr.ne-
BpenA om Havana onama,nu~yma IiHSI npOAYKTOB peaKIjHId
PHC, 3. B;[NAHHe JjaBJIeHNA BOJ1AHbIX HapOB Ha CKO- Ha CKOpOCTb KOHBepCHH
pOCTb peaKUHH: B HCXOAHyK) CTBHAapT-
1Aaenexxe eopxxhtx napoB 287 MM J~G~ cT.; 2Aa Bne- HyK) CM2Cb KOMHOH2HTOB
nxc BoAxIIhIa napoB 199 MM jI,6~ CT.; 3-Aaenexxe eaKl[HH aBJIeHHe OKI~I-
B(>,gflxhlX napoB 14.i MM ~[b(]1 CT.; 4--,I[aBneH Ne BOAAH hIX p (~
napoB 97 MM ura~ cT. CH yrnepoAa 32 ~~
1~E~ cT., AaB.neHHe Bo-
AslHbtx napoB 199 ~I,u J~1;~ cT.) BBOAH.nH Hyxcxoe Ko.nH~IecTSO BoAo-
poAa HJIH AByoxncH yr.aepoAa H Hponycxa.nH ~epes KaTa.nHSaTOp.
KpHBble /, 2, 3, 4 (pHC. 4) OTHOCSITCSf K HaLIaJIbHbIM ABBJIeHHAM BO-
AopoAa (0, 11, 31,5 H 100,5 ~I,u ~I,F~ cT.). KaK BHAHO Hs pHC. 4, cxo-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
C BOJZOpOJjOM, p,aBJIeHHe
35
KOTOpOI'O COCTBBJISIJIO 11
v
30
iY1Jbt ~b~CT.,-5 MHH., a
jjJIH CM2CIi C JjaBJIeHHeM
~
~ ZS
soAopoAa 100,5 ~~ p,B~
i
zo
cT. noTpe6osa.nocb 80
~
pOCTb peaKliHH CHJIbHO TOPM03HTC51 BOAOpOAOM. T8K, J~JISI TOPO YT066I
B HCXOAHONICMeCH npopearNpoBa.no KOJIHYeCTBO OKHCH yr.nepoAa,
COOTBeTCTByK)Cuee jjaBJIeHHK) 10 ~ltAt ,L[F~~ CT., H2OCXOJjNMO 2,5MHH.;
jjJISI HCXO~'~HOI~I xce CMeCIi
MHH. TaKHM 06pa30M,
npH yse.nHYexHH xaYa,nb-
Horo RaB.aeHHA B 9 pas
speMx, xeo6xoAHMOe R.nx
Toro, YTO6bI HpopearNpo-
Ba,no 10 ~~ oKHCH yr.ne-
poRa, yae.riHYHBaeTCSI B
16 pas.
BJIHSIHHe pas.IIHYHbIX
p,as.neHHK AByoKHCH Vr-
.nepoRa B HcxoplHOil cMe-
PNC. 4. B,nIlaxHe xava.nbxoro naB.neHtlR eoAopoAa
H8 CKOpOCTb peaKL[NN: ~
/--rtavanbttoe Aae.nenae soRopoRa 0; 2-ttavanbttoe Aasne-
Hee aoAopoAa II MM I1Scp cT.; 3--Havanbrtoe Rasnenxe so-
RopoRa 31,5 MM AIi~ cT.; 4rtavanbrtoe Rasnerttte BoAo-
pOAe IOO,S MM Asp CT.
1'bI HpOBOJ;HJIHCb C COj[ep}KaHH2M
cH Ha cxopocTb peaxuHH
nOKasaHO Ha pHC. 5. ~nbI-
CpaBHeHH51 HpHBeJjeHa KpHBa51 J~JISI CM2CH, He coAepxcau~eK ABy-
BpeMA om Havana onoima, yuNymni
PHC. 5. B.~HaHtie AaB~ett{IH ,~r3yoxece yrnepoAa
Ha cxopocTb pe~axuEIII:
/...itavanbFtoe AaeneFtae RsyohttcN yr.vepoRa 0; 1--~ya-
vanbHce Raenertee RBYohecu yrnepoRa 323 MM J],6~
cT.; 3-}tava.nbeoe RaBneexe Rsyor;axcx yMenbuienxeM o6~beMa.
MbI npose.nH HeCKOJIbKO OnbITOB C nOJIHbIM aHaJIIi30M npOj[VKTOB
peaKIZHH, YT06bI OnpeJZeJIHTb COJjep3KaHne B HHX McT8Ha.
,L~ByOKHCb yr.nepoAa H BOJ~SIHble napbl onpeAe,nx.nH c~paxuIioH-
HbIM BbIMOpa?KHB8HHeM, a BoRopoA H McTBH C}KHraJIH C KIiCJIOpO-
j(OM Ha HBKaJIeHHOI3 nJIaTHHOBOI-I HHTI3 n o6pasosaBluy]ocsl BOAy N
JjByOKACb yrnepoAa Taxxce onpeAe.nx.nH sblMOpaxcHBaHHeM.
Pe3yJIbTBTbi aHaJIH30B npnBeAeHbl B Ta6JI. `Z J~JISI OnbITOB C HBYaJIb-
HbIM JjaBJIeHH2M CO 41 ,VL~bI ~b~ CT.
Hava,abx~il
06bCM CO,
CM3
5,1
5,0
Cocras rasa Hoene
peaK11NN, CM3
C02 I H2
3,2
3,2
6,5
6,7
3,6
3,1
4,0
4,3
5,9
5,8
KaK BHAxo xs Ta6,n. 2, B pesy,nbTaTe peaxuNH o6pasyercx r.naB-
HbIM 06pa30M BOJjOpOJj H j[ByOKHCb yr.nepoAa, T8K K2K KOJIHYeCTBO
COz noc,~e cxcHraHHH OCTaeTCx Hen3MeHHbIM (OnbIT N9 rJ); HO, nOBH-
JjHMOMy, He3HatIHTeJIbHOe KOJIn~IeCTBO McT2Ha BCe >Ke 06pa3yeTCH,
O ~IeM CBHJ~eTeJIbCTByeT yBeJIHYeHHe COJ>;epN{aHHSI BOJ~SiHbIX napoB H
Rsyoxlicx yr,nepoAa noc.ne c}KHraxxx (onblT Ns 4).
OCTaJICH HeSiCHbIM BOnpOC, nO~IeMy He CXO,iZHTCH 6anaHC n0 KHCJIO-
poAy; noc,neAHero B onblTe Ns 4 HspacxoAoaaxo npxMepllo cTO.~bxo,
CKOJIbKO Hy3KH0 j[JISI C}KHraHHSi 0,4 C.Vt3 McTBHa, B TO BpeMx K2K
KIiCJIOpOJl, nOTpe6nsleTCx H Ha C}KnraHHe BOROpOJZa, o6pasosasmerocsl
B pesy.nbTaTe peaKuHH.
~JISI TOI'O LIT06bI y6eJ~HTbCSI B TOM, LITO npOBOJ~HMaSI H2MH peaKIjHSI
HBXOJjHTCR B yCJIOBIiSIX, JZaJIeKHX OT paBHOBeCI-IA, MbI paCC9HTaJIH
paBHOBeCHOe J1,aBJIeHHe CO B Ha~IaJle H KOHIIe peaKl[HH JjJISi BC2X Onbl-
TOB. PaC~IeTbI nOKa3a,nH, iITO paBHOBeCHOe J~aBJIeHHe OKIiCH yr.nepoAa
OTJIHLIaeTCSI OT OnbITHOTO Ha HeCKOJIbKO nOpAAKOB, T. e. yCJIOBHfi np0-
BeJZeHHH KHHeTHTIeCKHX OnbITOB Bbl~paHbl npaBHJIbHO.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
AHa,nNS BC2X nOJIytICHHbIX HBMH KHHeTHYeCKHX KpHBbIX (pHC. ~,
3, 4,J~ nOKa3bIBaeT, ~ITO 3aBHCHMOCTb RaB.neHHx KOMHOHeHTOB OT
BpeMeHH HMeeT CJIO}KHbII~i xapaKTep.
~pO11eCC B3aHMOJjeI-SCTBHSI OKHCH yrJlepOJ~a C BO,I[AHbIM napoM npo-
TeKaeT B ABe CTaj[HH, XapaKTepH3yloujHeCSI jjByMSt pa3JIHtIHbIMH y~raCT-
KBMH KHHeTH~IeCKHX KpHBbIX. IlepBax CTaj[HSI-HarIaJIO peaKgHH-
XapaKTepH3VeTCA 6b[CTpbIM pOCTOM ,gaBJIeHHH B eJjHHHIjy BpeMeHH H
nepeMeHHOI3 CKOpOCTbK), BTOpOII CTaJ(HH COOTBeTCTByeT 6o.nee MeA-
,nenxoe, no cpasneHHto c nepsol3, TeYexne peaxuHH H .nHHeI3Hast
3aBHCHMOCTb H3M2HeHI-ISI JjaBJ1eHHSI OT BpeMeHH (npAMOIi yYaCTOK KH-
HeTHTIeCKOId KpHBOt3~.
BTOpyK) CTaJ~HIO IIpOIjeCCa MbI 6yJ~eM yCJIOBHO Ha3bIB8Tb CTa1[HO-
HapHbIM COCTOSIHHCM.
~Op5I,1(OK peaKIZHH n0 KOMHOH2HT8M, BbIBej(eHHbII~ J~JISI nepBOro
y9aCTKa KpHBOI1, McHSIJICSI J(JISI CTaIjHOHapHOI'O COCTOSIHHSI. II03TOMy
BCe KHHeTHYeCKHe 3aBHCHMOCTH MbI BbIBOj(HM OTJjeJIbHO RJIH J~BVX
CTaJ~HIi npouecca (B OCHOBHOM J~JIH CTauHOHapHOTO COCTOSIHHSI~.
II e p B a a c T a A H x peaxuHH. Ha OCHOB2HHH sxcne-
pHMeHTaJIbHbIX JjaHHbIX, npej(CTBBJIeHHbIX Ha pHC. 2, 3, 4, rj, HBMH
6bIJ1 paCCLIHTBH nOpSIJyOK peaK1[HH n0 KOMHOHeHTBM H npO,1(yKTBM peaK-
L[HH JjJiSI nepBOI-I CTaJjHH.
IIO OKHCH yr.nepOAa peaKtiHSt KOHBepCHH HMeeT HyJIeBOFi nOpSIJ~OK,
n0 BOAe-nepBbll3 nopSi,IjOK; BOJjOpOJj TOpMO3HT peaKuHK) HO nepaoMy
nopslAxy, a AsyoxHCb yr,nepoAa He B,nHSIeT Ha cxopocTb peaKuxH.
B Ta6.n. 3 npeAcTas,nex pacc~HTanxbll3 nopslAox peaxuHH no Bo-
AopoRy.
~'OHg
3a 2-ro
3a 3-ro
3a 4-ro
I
3a 5-ro
3a 6-ro
3a 7-ro
3a 8-ro
3a 10-ro
PI
OHZ
MNH.
MNH.
MHH.
I MNH.
MNH.
MNH.
MNH.
MNH.
100,5
31,5
1,17
1,16
1,09
1,09
1,04
0,99
1,07
0,94
31,5
11
1,02
0,97
0,89
0,91
1,04
1,03
1,15
1,27
IIopH,goK peaxuHH BbI~IHCJISiJIH no c~opMy,ne
vl
ig vz
.. Pa
lg Pl
rp,e n-nopslRox peaxuHH;
v,-cxopocTb peaxuHH (HSMeneHHe Aas.nexHSt sa eAHHHuy BpeMe-
HN~ B MOMeHT BpeMeHH ;
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Jg-CKOpOCTb peaKLIHH B MOMeHT BpeMeHH ;
Pi 06Hjee J~aBJIeHHe KOMHOHeHTa, n0 KOTOpOMy paCC4HTbIBaeTCH
nOpSIAOK peaKL[HH B MOMeHT BpeMeHH ;
P2 TO xce, ~ITO Pl, HO B MOM2HT BpeMeHH .
ypaBHeHHe CKOPOCTH peaKgHn, BbIBeAeHHOe Ha OCHOBBHNH nop51A-
Ko6 peaxuHH, BblpaxcaeTCSI
v = [< Px~o
pH2
I'Z[e K-KOHCT2HTa CKOpOCTH peaKgHH;
(1)
PH,,O N PH! COOTBeTCTBeHHO napL[HaJlbHble ,i[aBJIeHHR BOJjAHbIX napos
x BoAopoRa.
PBCC~IHTBHHaSI H3 3TOP0 ypaBHeHHA KOHCTBHTa CKOpOCTH
OP P
~t tIz
ti=
PH2O
npeAcTaB.nena B Tao.a. 4.
Ta6aut{a 4
I(OHCT8HT61 CKO()OCTN ~E3K14HN flpH p83JIH4HbIX Ha46JIbH61X ,gflBJIQNNBX
KOMIIOHQHTOB
KaK BHAHO K3 Ta6Ji. 4, KOHCTBHTa CKOpOCTH COXpaHfteT yAOBJIeTBO-
pHTeJIbHOe nOCTOSIHCTBO. HeCKOJIbKO OTKJIOH2HHI-I, BbIXOASIH[HX 3a
npeRe.n yJ(OBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHOI'O COBnaZjeHHH KOHCT8HTb1, MO}KHO 06'bAC-
HHTb TeM, 4T0 He BCe OnbITbl npOBOJjHJIHCb Ha OJjfiOF3 HBBeCKe KflTaAH-
3aTOpa; C03JjaTb xce a6COJIIOTHO OJji-iHBKOBble yCJIOBHH BOCCTHHOBJIeHHA
KBTaJIH3aTOpa TpyRHO, H n03TOMy pa3Hble HBBeCKH MO['YT H2CKOJIbKO
OTJIHLIaTbCSI HO aKTHBHOCTH.
TaKHM OCpa30M, J~JISI HeCTaI[HOHapHOI'O COCTOAHNSI MON{HO C4H-
TBTb ypasHexNe (1) B OCHOBHOM npaBHJIbHbIM.
BTOpaSI CTaJZHSI peaKIjHH-CTaL[HOHap HOe
C O C T O R H H e. CTaL(HOHapHOe COCTOSIHHe Ha BCCX nOJI}'YeHHb[X
HflMH K!H~HeTH~IeCKNX KpHBbIX XapaKTepH3yeTCR nOCTOSIHH01~[ CKOPO-
CTbK). JTOT (~aKT Ha nepB6IF-[ B3PJIHR KaxceTCSI HenOHRTHbIM, TflK KaK
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
yBenNyeHNe KOJIN9eCTBa BoAopoAa TOpM03HT CKOpOC7b peaxuNN, a
KOJIN~IeCTBO BOAOpOAa n0 XOAy peaKi(NN HenpepblBHO yBeJIN~INBaeTCft,
N Ka3aJIOCb 6bI CKOpOCTb He MO}KeT OCT8B8TbCft HOCTOHHH013.
OI1HaK0 HOCTOHHHaft CKOpOCTb peaKuNN nOJIy~IaeTCft B pe3yTlbTflTe
KoMnexcnpyloH>,ero s.nNftxxft oxNCN yr.nepoAa N BoRopoRa. B cTauxo-
IiapxoM cocTOftHNN yse,riN~eHNe Ko~nN~ecTBa oxncN yr.nepoRa Top-
MoaNT peaxuNlo. IIo Mepe Te~eHNft peaxuNN xo~INxecTBO oxilcN yr.ne-
pOJja yMeHbHIaeTCft, '-ITO BeJ~eT K nOBbIHI2HNK) CKOpOCTN peaKUNN, a
KOJIN~IeCTBO BOJjOPORa yBeJIN~INBaeTCft, ~ITO BbI3bIBaeT CHN3KeHNe CKO-
pOCTN. TaKNM 06pa30M, npONCXOJjNT, HOBNJjNMOMy, BbIpaBHNB2HNe
CKOpOCTe4t H pe3yJlbTNpyK)Hi,aft OKa3bIBaeTCft nOCT1OSIHHOI3.
HaMN 6bIJI0 HaNJjeHO, ~ITO Bblpa}KeHNe ~PH2-}-PC0J2 B 3aBNCNMOCTN
OT N3M2HeHNft JjaBJIeHNft NJIN BpeMeHN J(JIft BCeX OnbITOB OCTBBaJIOCb
HOCTOHHHhIM. TOrRa ypaBHeHNe CKOpOCTN peaK11NN RJISI CTa11NOHap-
IIOI'O COCTOAHNft NMeeT BN~j:
1
PH`O (2)
Z =
(Pco -~ PH?)2
PBCCyNTaHHble HO ypaBH2HNI0 ~2~ 3Ha~IeHNft KOHCTaHTb[ CKOpOCTN,
HpeACT2BJ1eHHble B Ta6Jl. 5, COXpaHftK)T yj1,OBJIeTBOpNTe.11bHOe HOCTOflH-
l'TBO.
Ha~laan,nl.u: ?an.ac-
Havan~IN,le AaBne-
f
A7 ht ~i C~ CT.
IINA
~ />
NNB, :n.N ~ti~ cT.
~
)z
~l
,
~t (l CO{-PHz)=
LO
H~
t ~
o
K= -
~'H~O
71
199
4,23
34,0
199
11,01 8,32
48
199
0
10,15
31,5
287
0 ~ 7,45
32
199
0
9,50
33
199
0 ~ 7,85
33,5
199
100,5
7,15
33
144,5
0 6,72
33,5
199
31 , 5
~ 8,32
32,5
97,0
0 5,05
KOHCTBHTa CKOpOCTN, paCCTiNT3HHaft JZJIft OHbITa C Ha~IaJIbHbIM AaB-
J1eHN2M OKNCN yr.nepOAa 71 ~Lt~YI ABA CT., B f`),Ba pa3a McHbLIIe cpep,-
IterO 3Ha~IeHNft KOHCT8HTb1 CKOpOCTN J[JIft CTaiI,NOHapHOtO COCTOSIHNft.
PTO 06'bftCHfteTCft TeM, tITO N3-3a HpOJ~OJI]KNTeJIbHOCTN OnbITa He 6bIJI0
JjOCTNI'HyTO CTaIjNOHapHOe COCTOftHIie, KOTOpOe rpaCpN~IeCKN XapaKTe-
pN3yeTCft npftMOIi JINHNeII.
~JIH TOI'O ~IT06bI y6eJ~NTbCft B TOM, TiTO CTaIjNOHapHOe COCTOSIHNe
ftBJIfteTCft (~yHKIjNeN COCT2Ba ra3a, MbI npOBe.nN C,Ilep,yK)HjNe OnblTbl.
OnpeAe,nN.nN CKOpOCTb peaxuNN B CTaIjNOHapHOM COCTOSiHNN j(JIH
OHbITa C HaIIaJIbHbIMN JjaBJIeHNHMN: OKNCN yrJlepOAa~741,5 ~ttM .Qb~ CT.,
BOj[OpOAa 9 ~~ Abp CT. N BOAftHbIX napOB 199 .~t~t Z(B~ CT. CKOpOCTb
OKa3anaCb paBHON 9,616 Stu/ce~c. Aa.nee Hpose.nN ABa napa,n,ne.nbxb~x
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
I
OHbITa C HB~IaJIbHbIM COCTBBOM I'a3a, OTBe~IaK)HI,HM KBKOI~[-JIHCO TO~IKe
CTaIjHOHapHOI'O COCTOSIHHSI, HaHpHMep: i
1) PH, = 29 ~~ J~E~ cT.; Pco = 20 ~~ J~B~ cT.;
PH2o = 199 M~YI ABA CT.
2) PH? = 30 ~lA-t AFB cT.; Pco = 19 .uM ,I~b~ cT.;
PH~O = 199 ~YlM J~E~ CT.
~JISI OCOHX OHbITOB HOJIy~IHJIH 3Ha~IeHHe CKOpOCTH, paBHOe
0,625 At~LI/CelC, YTO ~JIH3K0 HOJ(XOjjHT K 3Ha~IeHHK) 0,616. PTO AaeT
OCHOBBHHe CT~HTflTb, LITO BTOpOIi y~IaCTOK KHHeTHLIeCKHX KpHBbIX
OTBe~IaeT CTaL~HOHapHOMV COCTOSIHHK).
SO
4
40
Q?
30
S
`~ ZO
F !0
h
Q
? ZO 40 60 BO !OD IZO 140
Bperrp om Havana onama, r~uHyma!
P}iC. 6. $.i}}}SIHFie TeMiIC PBTYPb1 Ha CKOpOCTb pe~Klj}iN:
!-Temneparypa peaxgxx 230?C; Z--remnepaTypa peaxgxx 210?C;
3-TeMnepaTypa peaxgxx 200?C; 4---Temneparypa peaxgxx I90?C.
TeMHepaTyp H a SI 3 a B H C H M O C T b
Mbl OHpeJjeJIHJIH 3aBHCHMOCTb CKOPOCTH peaKL[HH OT TeMHepaTypbl.
BCe OHbITbI HpOBOJ~HJIHCb C OJjHOII HBBeCKOI3 KflTaJIH3aTOpa H HaLIaJIb-
HbIM COCTaBOM rasa: Pco=40 .LtM ,qB~ CT., PHZ=9 ~L.bt ~B~ cT?
PHzo=199 ~~ ,qE~ cT. A.ax TeMHepaTyp: 230?-1-x KpHBasl, 2l0?-
2-x xpxaax, 200?-3-sI xpxBasl H 190?-4-x KpHBax. B~IHxHHe TeM-
HepaTypbl Ha CKOpOCTb peaKl[HH HpeACTaB.neHO Ha pHC. 6, H3 KOTOpO-
I'O BHJjHO, ~ITO TeMHepaTypHbll{ KOHIjHeHT peaKL[HH. J(OBOJIbHO $e-
JIHK.
HaMH paCC~IHT2HbI KOHCTdHTbI CKOpOCTH ,I;Jix pasxblx TeMHepaTyp
HO ypaBHeHHK) (2) Anx CTaI.I;HOHapHOI'O COCTOSIHHH.
3aBHCHMOCTb KOHCTflHTbI CKOpOCTkI, paCCYHTflHHOH HO HpeJ[JIO}KeH-
HOMY H2MH ypaBHeHHIO (2), OT TeMHepaTypbI ,TjOBOJIbHO XOpOHIO CQOT;
BeTCTByeT ypaBHeHHIO Appexxyca (pHC. 7).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
BbI~IHC.nexxax no ypasxexHlo AppeHHyca Kaxcyutaxcst sxeprHx
aKTHBauHH pasxa 39 200 rcan/MOitb.
H3yYeHHe KHHeTHKH peaxuHH B3aHMOJjeHCTBHSI OKHCH yr.nepoAa
C BOJjAHbIM nap OM Ha KOC,aJIbTOBOM KBTaJIH3aTOpe npOBOJZHJIOCb Bnep-
Bble H II03TOMy, eCTC CTB8HH0, OCTaJICSi pxA HeBbIHCH2HHbIX BOIIpOCOB,
KOTOpble j(OJI}KHbl 6bITb pe1lleHbI
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3. IIpeA,nOxceHbl ypaBHeHHSI CKOpOCTH peaxuHH J~JISI nepsoK cTa-
j(HH H AJISI CTaL[HOHapHOI'O COCTOSIHHA.
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Jlxreparypa
1. B.A.PoxTep, C. C. I'ayxMax, H. II. IlHCapa;eBCxaa,
T. M. I' B a s x a, }KHX, 18, 439 (1945).
2. H. li. K y ?~ b x o B a, M. I4. T e M x H H, }K~X, 23, 695 (1949).
3. Shinjiro, Kodamo, Kenichi, Fukui, Takeshi, Tame,
M a s u m i, Kinoshita, Schokubai, Ns 8, 50 (1952); I~HTxpoeano
no C. A., 47, 11920 (1953).
~. F. Cs. L a u p i c h l e r, Ind. Eng. Chem., 30, 578 (1938).
5. C. P a d o v a n i, A. L o t t e r i, J. Soc. Chem. Ind., 56, 391 (1937).
6. H. I-. Kauxe.nbcox, b. TI. BpyHe, R.IO. I'aM6ypr, 3aB..na6.,
12, Ns 3, 379 (1946).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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JIN B38NMOAeNCTBNe 6yT8Ha C j(ByOKNCbK) yr.aepOAa Ha OCa]KJjeHHOM
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OKNCN yr.nep011a N Boj[opoZ(a. Pa3JI0}KeHNe 6yTaHa HBYNHaJIOCb npN
400?, npN9eM HNx~e 550? OCTaTOLIHble yrJIeBOAOpOJZbI COCTOAJIN, r.na$-
HbIM O6pa30M, N3 McTflHa, B MenbHIeI3 CTeneHN N3 6yTflHa, HPOHflHa,
9TflHa N OJIe(~NHOB. BbIHIe 550? B3aNMOJjeI3CTBNe 6yTaHa C Z[ByOKNCbK)
yr,nep0lla npOTeKa.nO 3HaYNTeJIbHO 6bICTpee er0 paCHaAa j[O yrJIepOAa,
H OCTBTOYHble yrJIeBOJ~OpOAbI COCTOSIJIN NCKJIK)YNTeJIbHO N3 McTaHa:
C~H11 ~- 3C0~ = 6C0 -!- 3Hz ~-- CH,
Kpexnxr oyTaxa Ao yr.nepoRa
(5)
(6)
pe3K0 yCNJINBaJICSI JINHIb npN yM2HbIIIeHNN AOCaBKN ,11,ByOKNCN yr.ne-
poAa HNxce 2,5 o6?beMa Ha 1 o6veM 6yTaxa. Hcc,neAo$aTe.nN yxasblsaloT,
9T0 McT2H B KOHeYHOM ra3e NOJIyYaJICH He 3a C4eT rNRpNpOBBHNSI OKNCN
yr.n~epoAa, a sc.neRcTBNe pacnaAa 6yTana no peaxuxN (6).
11C1nbITKN yCTpaHNTb 3aVTJIepON{NBaHNe KBTaJIN3aTOpOB npN npo-
MbIHIJIeHHOM OCyHZeCTBJIeHNN KOHBepCNN BbICOKOMOJIeKyJISipHbIX yr.ne-
BoRopoAoB oTpaxceHb- B pxAe naTeHTOB24. IIpeAnara.nocb npN xoxsep-
cNN rasoB, coAepxcaHl,Hx o,necpNHbl, npeABapNTe,nbxo rNApNpoBaTb
noc.neAHNe B npeAe.nbnble yr,nesoAopoAbl. A.~R xox$epcNN Bblclunx
rOMOJIOI'OB McTBHa C BO,1(SIHbIM napOM npN 400-1000? peKOMeHjjO-
BaJIOCb npNM2HSITb HeCKOJIbKO CJI02B KBTa.RN3aTOpa, npNYeM Ka3KAbII3
nOCJlejlyK)HJ,NI3 CJIOI3 ]jOJI}KeH 6bITb 6o.nee aKTNBHbIM H HBXOJjNTSCSI
B 30He 60JIee BbICOKOI-I T2MnepaTypbI, YeM npe~,blAyLuNH? B KaTaJIH3a-
Top nepsoro CJIOft npep,.nara.nocb Ro6asnATb rNApaB.aNYecKNx ue-
McHT.
IIO COOCHjeHNK) IllHJIJiepa25 BbIAeJIeHNe yr~lepOAa npN KOHBepCNN
He(pTSIHbIX KpeKNHr-ra30B H ra30B rNj(pNFOBflHNR yr.nx H xecpTN npN
650-750? H ,I~ByX-TpeXKpaTHOM N36bITKe BOJZSIHOrO papa ~bIJIO yCTpa-
HeHO BBeAeHNeM B COCTBB HNKeJ1eBbIX KBTaJIN3aTOpOB rNJ~paBJINLIe-
CKNX CBH3bIBaK)II.~NX BeIIjeCTB TNna IjeM2HTOB. O COCTBBe KaTaJIN3aT0-
pOB N OC yCJIOBNHX NX npNMeH2HNSI HNKBKNX VKa3aHNI3 He 6bIJI0.
O nOJIyLIeHNN BoAOpoAa McTOJjOM KOHBepCNN He~TSIHOI'O KpeKNHr-
ra3a, ra30B rNApNpOBBHNSI yrJISI H HeCpTN, a T8K}Ke nponaHa N 6yT8Ha
C BOJ~sIHbIM HapOM B Tpy6TIaTbIX neYaX npN 760-870? 6bIJlN N RpyrHe
yKa3aHNRZ~__37.
l~Icc.neAysl KOHBepCNK) npOnaHa C BOJ~sIHbIM napOM H JZByOKNCbK)
yr.nepoAa C ueJlblO TIOJIV4eHNSI cMecer3 JjJISI CNHTe3a 6eH3NHa, Pei3T-
~ie~iep N er0 COTpyJjHNKN3A yKa3aJIN Ha OCHOBBHNN CBOHX TepMOJ1,NHa-
fvlNtIeCKNX pacYeTOB, YTO BbTJIeJIeHNH yr.nepOAa MO}KHO Ns6e)KaTb
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
HyTeM 6blcTporo HarpesaHHx HcxoAHOH raso-HapoBOi~I cMecH Ao
700-800?. HO HpH JIa60paTOPHbIX OHbITBX 9THX HCCJIej(OBBTe.IIeI-I KOH-
BepCHSI HPOH3Ha Ha HHKe,IIeBOM KBTaJIH3aTOpe HOT~TH BCerJja COHpOBON{-
JjaJlaCb BhIJ~eJIeHHeM yr.nepOAa. 1-lOCJIej[HI3I3 He 6bIJI 06HapyN{eH JIHIIIb
HpH 1000? H 1to6asxe Ha 1 o6~beM Hponaxa 8 o6~beMOS papa H 14,5
o6~beMa ~ByoKHCH yrnepoRa. IIpH no.>iysasoAcxxx onblTax, HposeAeH-
Hblx TeMx xce Hcc,aeAoBaTe,nxMH, He 6bIJI0 BblJje.neHHSI yrnepoRa.
Hx3Ke MbI OCBeTHM BepOSITHyK) HpHT3I3Hy 3THX paCXO}Kj[eHHI4.
I~H3 H ero COTpyJjHHKHa~ B H2KOTOpbIX OHbIT2X HO KOHBepCHH
HpOnaHa C BOJjSIHbIM HapOM Ha HHKeJIeBbIX H CyJIbCpA,i[-HHKeJIeBbIX Ka-
TaJIH3aTOpaX Ha6JIK)J~aJIH BbIJ[eJIeHHe yr.nepOAa H pa3pyHI2HHe HHKe-
TIeBbIX K2TaJIH3aTOpOB, HeCMOTpSI Ha 60JIbIllOII H36bITOK BOj[SIHOI'O Hapa
(15 O~'beMOB Ha 1 06'beM HpOHaHa). He60JIbHIaSI IIpOJjOJI}KHTeJIbHOCTb
OHbITOB (3-5 ~IaC.~, OTCyTCTBHe aHaJIH30B Ha coAep}xaHHe cepxH-
CTbIX COej[HH2HHI-I B KOHBepTHpOB3HHOM ra3e H B 06pasuax KaTaaIH-
3aTOpa HOCJie OHbIT06 JjeJIaK)T COMHHTeJIbHbIMH BbIBOj(bt 3TFiX HCCJIe-
JjOBBTeJ.TeIt OTHOCHTeJIbHO aKTHBHOCTH OKHCJIOB HHKeJISI H CyJIb(~H-
,i[OB HHKeJISI HpH paC[ijeHJIeHHI~I HpOH3Ha.
II. A. Tecxep H ero coTpyAHHKH~4 HoRpo6HO Hcc.neAosa.nH ycnoBHSI
o6pasosaHHx yr,nepoAa HpH HexaTa,nIITH~IecxoM pacu~en.neHHH pslRa
a.nHCpaTI~Iaecxxx yr.nesoRopoRoB.
NIbI yHOMSIHeM 2H;e HeKOTOpble pa60TbI, K3CaK)Li~HeCH o6pasoaa-
HHSI McTaxa Hpr~I pas~IO}KexHH ero roMO.noroB. Tax, CTOp~I H Kacce.nb~5
C~IgTaJIg, rITO M2T2H 06pa3yeTCH HpH HHpOJIH3e 3T8Ha HO jjByM peaK-
IIHHM:
yC1IOBHH TepMII~IeCKOI'O pa3JI0}KeHHA rOMOJIOI'OB McT2Ha H OJIe(~7I;-
F1P~ nn~io?.~.. .,,...~___
IIOB ,O Hapa T3K}Ke H3yYeHbl 3Ha9HTeJIbHO McHb-
C2Hn =CH4 -' 2 C2Hn
(7)
C2H~ -}- C2H4 _ CH4 -i- CaH,; (g)
CKOpOCTb KOTOpbIX OHH 3KCIIepHMeHTaJIbHO H3MepHJIH. NTH Hcc,neAo-
BaTe,nH HpeA,noxcH.nH c,neAyloHjylo cxeMy nxpo~IHSa sTana:
C2H6 ~ C2H4 -{- Hz
C2I-I~ ~ CH4 -i- CH2
CH2 -{- C2HE ~ CH4 -I- C2H4
C2H4 ~- C2H6 F C4H10
C4Hlo ~ CH4 -{-- Calls
(9)
C4Hio --~ H2 -;- C4Ha f
C2H4 ~ C2Hs 'CH4 -I-- C3H6
CtHH HallIJIH, ~ITO HaYaJIbHaSI CKOpOCTb JjerHJjpOreHH3at[HH 3T8Ha
yAOB~IeTBOpxeT VpaBHeHHK) Hepeoro HopxAKa.
Teiinop H ero COTpyJjHHKH`if-57 HOKa3aJIH, 4T0 B HpHCYTCTBHH
I336bITKa BOj[OPO,ga 3T8H H HpOHBH pa3JlaraIOTCH Ha HHKeJIeBOM K2Ta-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
JIH3aTOpe IIpH 180-220? C npOMe}KyTOLIHbIM 06pa30BaHHeM M2THJI0-
BbIX H 3TNJIOBbIX pa,T[HKaJIOB H 3THJIeHa, KOTOpble 3aTeM KOJIH~IeCTBeH-
HO IIpeBpaIIjaK)TCSI B McT3H IIO CyMMapHbIM peaxuHSIM:
C2H6 -i- Hz = 2CH4 (10)
C3H8 -i- 2H2 = 3CH4 (11)
B oTCyTCTBHe BoRopoAa nponcxoRHT xpeKHHr yrneBORopoAos c
BblAe.nexxeM yr.nepoAa xa xaTa.nHSaTOpe
2C2H6 = 3CH.~ -~- C (12)
HpHileM 3TOT yr.nepo,u npH noc,neRyloHieH o6pa6oTxe KaTa,nHSaTOpa
BOJ~OpOJ~OM MO?KHO rHApHpOBBTb B McTBH.
Ca6aTbe H CeHJ~epeH58 Ha6JIK)JjaJIH, TITO 9THJIeH B IIpHCVTCTBHH HH-
KeJISi paCna,Z~aeTCSI Ha yr.nepOR, 3TaH, McTBH H BO,l~OpOJ~, IIpHT~eM
ra3006pa3Hble npORyKTbI IIHpOJIH3a HaXOjIHTCSI B COOTHOLHeHHH
6:3:1; IIpH IIpOj(OJI3KHTeJIbHOM COIIpHKOCHOB2HHH 06pa3yK)TCSI
TOJIbKO yr.nepoA H McTax.
1-1pHBeJ~eHHbII~I 0630p JIHTepaTypbI nOKa3bIBaeT, tITO K Hai-IaJly J~aH-
HOI3 pa60TbI (1940 r.) B OnyCJIHKOBBHHOI3 JIHTepaType IIpaxTH~IecxH
OTCyTCTBOBaJIH OCHOBHble j(aHHble, He06XOZ[HMble JjnSI IIpOeKTHpOBaHHSI
H IIpOMbIHIJIeHHOI'O OCyIueCTBJIeHHSi KOHBepCHH BbICHIHX aJIHCpaTH~Ie-
CKHX yr.neBOAopo~os C BOjjHHbIM IIapoM B Tpy6~IaTblx IIe~Iax.
tIacTb HCCJIejjOBdHHIt 6bl.na IIpOBeJ~eHa IIpH BbICOKOII TeMIIepaType
(1000-1100?11o HCKJIK)TIaK)H~eI3 B03M0}KHOCTb IIpHMeHeHHH ~FCapo-
yIIOpHbIX CTaJIeI3, HJIH IIpH 3KOHOMH~IeCKH H2BbII'ORHbIX yCJIOBHSIX
(~Ipe3MepH0 60JIbIIIOM H36bITKe BOJ~SIHOI'O papa H OLIeHb MaJIbIX 06'beM-
HbIX CKOIJOCTSIX)1G-19, H II03TOMy He HMeJIa 3HaLIeHHSI ,II,JISI npOMbIIII-
JIeHHOCTH. B Rpyrxx pa6oTax IIOiITH He paCCMaTpHBaJIHCb BOIIpOCbI
O COCT3Be KflT~JIH3aTOpOB H yCJIOBHSIX npOBeJ~eHHH IIpouecca 6es sbt-
,I(eJIeHHSf yr.nepoAa. IIo~ITH COBCeM He 6bIJI0 J~aHHbIX O nOBeJ~eHHH OT-
j[eJIbHbIX yrJIeBOJ[OpOJ~OB B npOLjeCCe KOHBepCHH H O J~OIIyCTHM013 KOH-
I[eHTpal[HH HX B HCXOJjHbIX ra3aX, 6e30naCHOI~i B OTFIOIIIeHHH BbIJ~eJIe-
HHSI yr,nepOAa. bbIJIH Cepbe3Hble OIIaCeHHSi, LITO IIpHCyTCTBHe B HCXOJJ,-
HbIX ra3aX BbICHIHX aJIH(~aTHileCKHX yr,nesoRopoAoB, TepMH~IeCKH Me-
Hee yCTOFITIHBbIX, TIeM McTaH, npHBejjeT npH KaTaJIHTHileCKOIi KOHBep-
CHH C BOJjSIHbIM napoM K BbIJ~eJIeHHK) yr,nepORa. ~TO BbI3BaJI0 6bI J{e3aK-
THBaL[HK) H M2X8HHLIeCKOe pa3pylIIeHHe K2TaJIH3aTOpa, a T8K}Ke 3a6H-
BBHHe IIpOXOj[OB J~JISI ra30-IIapOBOI3 CM2CH H CJjeJIaJIO 6bI HeB03M0}KHOI3
nepepa60TKy ra30B T3KOI'O COCT2Ba B Tpy6TIaTbIX ne~ax.
II03TOMy SIBJISIJIaCb BeCbMa aKTyaJIbHOI3 pa3pa60TKa McTOJ~OB He-
npepbIBHOI3 KOHBepCHH CJIO}KHbIX CM2CeI3 aJIHI~aTHLIeCKHX yraesoRopo-
JjOB B IIpHMeHSIeMbIX 06bIiIHO J~JISI KOHBepCHH McT2Ha Tpy6~IaTbIX ne-
~Iax.
HHxce H3JI0}KeHbI H 06061ueHbI OCHOBHble pe3yJIbTBTbI pslRa BbInOJI-
HeHHbIX HflMH pa60T n0 HCCJIeJZOBflHHK) B3aHMOJjeI3CTBHSi pa3JIHLIHbIX
aJIH(~aTHileCKHX yrJIeB0,1(OpOJjOB C BOJ(sIHbIM napoM, a Taxxce ycnoBHI3,
IIpeAoTSpaIII.aIOII~Hx sayr.nepoxcxsaHHe IIpHMexaeMbix KaTanHSaTOpoB.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
11. T~PIYIO iiAMl~l(A PEAKLINi~, hhOTEKAlOll1NX riPN B3ANMOAEAt;'h~V1N
A~I'I~A7'N4ECKNX YI'JIEBOJ~OPO,I(0I# C B0,[(SIH>ill~l 11dPbM
OCHOBHbIMH npOAyKT8M13 B3aHMO,1~eI~iCTBAH yr.ilesoAopoAoB c BoAx-
HbIM HapOM xBTISIK)TCH OKHCJIbI yi`.aepoAa x BoAopoA. IlpoTexalou~He
npH 3TOM O6paTHMble peaKuHx RJISI yr,nesoAopoRoB Cl, C2 H C~ MoryT
66ITb Bblpa}KeHbl CJIeJ~yfOLIjHMH CyMMapHbIMH ypaBHeHHSIMH:
C~I4 -}- H2O = CO -}- 3H2; ~H2?s = -}- 49 270 ica~ (1)
CH4 -i- 2H2O = C02 -I- 4H2; ~H2sa = -}- 39 430 0
0
o - >0
~~ -80
_ - SIB
~~~J
.~., ,
~_
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400 500 800 700 800 9DD fOGO /I00 1200
Tennepamypa; ?K
PEic. L plsmeaeriee cso6oAaoH 3HeprHH peaKq~+H (2-5) e Hxrepsa.ne
TeMnepaTyp 400-1300?K?
Pe3yTIbT8Tb1 HallIHX paC~IeTOB HOKa3bIBaIOT (CM. Ta6J1. 3), ~ITO KOH-
BepCHH BbICHIHX aJIH(~aTHLIeCKHX yr,nesoAopoAOB C BOj[SIHbIM HapoM
HpOTeKaeT HpH 60JIee HH3KOI-I TeMHepaType, ~IeM KOHBepCHR McTaHa.
HanpHMep, AAA peaxuHH (1) 3Ha9eHHe 1gK CTBHOBHTCSI HOJIO}KHTeJIb-
HbIM Me}KAy 8OO H 9OO?K, j[JISI KOHBepCHH x{e 3T8Ha H HpOHaHa 000TB2T-
CTByIOHjaSI TeMHepaTypa Ha 100?, a j[JISI KOHBepCHH 3THJIeHa H Hp0-
IIHJIeHa Ha 200 HH}Ke.
HaH1H paCYeTbI HOKa3a,nH Ranee, LITO HpH yKa3aHHbIX BbIHIe yCJIO-
BHSIX rOMOJIOrH McTBHa H OneCpHHbI j(On}KHbI HOJIHOCTbIO pa3naraTbCSI
C BOj(SIHbIM HapOM npx TeMHepaTypax HHxce 400-500?. OAHaxo 06-
pasyloHl,Hecx B pesynbTaTe peaxuHH (13-16) H (13a-16a) 6onbIIlHe
xonHxecTBa soAopoRa H oKHCnoB yrnepoAa (CO, COQ) cxnbxo Top-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
M03SIT peaKljxl3 KOHBepCnn M2T8Ha. LIT06bI yJjOBJIeTBOpSITb BbI~InCJIeH-
HbIM KOHCT2HT8M paBHOBeCHH, peaKL[HH (1 I3 la) ROJI}KHbI npOTeKBTb
npx 400-500? B o6paTxylo cTOpoxy, T. e. B cTOpoxy o6pasosaxHx
McTaxa. DTO npeAno.noxiexxe noATSepx{AaeTCSI npHBeAexxblM B Ta6.n. 4
x xa AxarpaMMe (pl3c. 3) co-
CTBBOM paBHOBeCHOId rasOBOH
CM2CH, KOTOpbII3 MbI pacc~IH-
Ta.nH xa ocxose npHBep,exxblx ZQ
B Ta6JI. 3 KOHCTBHT paBHOBe-
cHx peaxuHK (1, la, 13-17),
R,nx KoxsepcxH oAxoro o6~be-
Ma McTallo-3Taxosoil cppaxuKn !0
He(~TSIHOI'O KpeKI~IHr-ra3a C 4
o6~eeMaMn BoAalroro papa npH
700-1100?K? CyMMHposaxHe
ypaaxexni~I peaxuHl~l (13) HJIH
(15) c ypasxenHeM npoTexalo-
lueli s oopaTxylo cropoxy pe- o,
aKUnn (1) npnBO,~HT x yxasax- '''
IibIM BblHle ypasxexxslM peaK- _10
uHH (10) n (11) rnApl~Iposaxnsl
~Taxa n nponaHa B McTax.
CpaBHHBaft j~aHHble, npHBe-
Renxble B Tao.a. 2 n 4, Moxcx? -ZO
BHAeTb, xTO npH Te:~InepaTy-
pax 400-800? paBxosecxblH
cocTaB rasa, no.ny~IaeMOro npn
KOHBepCHI3 TBKOII c,noxcxoK -30
cMecx a,nHCpaTH~Iecxnx yr~te- ~ Z 3103
sop,opoRos, Kaxo11 slB.nsleTCx T
McTaxo-sTaxosasl I(ipaxuxx Kpe- !~0'~f0~ 700 500 400
xHxr-rasa, npH6,nnx{aeTCSI K Tetine ~m pa, ?X
cocTasy rasa, no.nynaeMOro P y
npH xoxsepcxH LIHCTOro McTa- PNC. `~, 3aBNCNMOCTB KOHCT2HT pf16HOBeCNft
Ha. IIosTOMy npH pac~IeTe paB- peaxuNFi to, 11, 13-17 oT Temne-
xosecxoro cocTasa rasoB, no- paTypbi.
.nynaloluHxcsl npn xoxsepcxn -
CJIO}KHbIX yrJleBOj[OPOZ[HbIX CMeCeII C BO,i[SIHbIM napOM, BHOJIHe p,0-
CT2TOLIHO NCXOj[HTb n3 KOHCT3HT paBHOB2CHSI peaK1(HI3 (1) H (17).
B HeKOTOpbIX pa6oTax'6, 18,ll, 56, 57 OTMeiIaeTCA, LITO roMO.norH Me-
TaHa npeBpaLuaK)TCSI B McT2H. PaCCTIHTBHHble HBMH 3Ha~IeHHSi CB060J~-
HOH 3HeprI31-i H KOHCTBHT paBHOB2CHSI peaKuni3 (10) H (11) (CM. Ta6JI.
5 H pHC. `~) yKa3bIBaK)T Ha TepMOJjHHBMHileCKyK) B03M0}KHOCTb npOTe-
KBHHA 3THX peaKl(HI3, npHTIeM npH aTMOC(~epHOM j(aBJI2HHH B HHTep-
Ba.ne TeMnepaTyp 400-1100?K OHH npaKTHLIeCKH H2OCpaTHMbI.
B Ta6,n. 6, 7 H 8 npHBeAeHbI KOHCT3HTbI paBHOBeCxSi peaKLjHI?i (19),
(20) H (21)3, a T2K}Ke BbITIHCJIeH?HbII~i HBMx paBHOBeCHbIII COCTBB ras0-
BbIX CM2CeI3, nOJIVYaK)njHXCSi KaK npH TepMHYeCKOI3 j[nCCOgHaIjPIx
~~~~1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6~uka 4
CocTBB CyXOFi pala4tosecHOx ra3060{~ CMCCN, PaCC4NTaHH6iN AnA KOHBePCKH t o6b~Ma
MCTaHO-9TaHOBON /kIPaK1yNH He~TAHOI'O KpeKHHh-Pa3a C 4 06beM8MN BOJ~BNOPO nape
(p = 1 ama)
LlcxoA-
A6conrorHaH
TeMnepaTyp
a, ?K
Temneparypa, ?C _
COCTaB,
',i, 06'6eMti.
H6fI1
Ca3,
o6v-
700 I
800
900
100
0
110
0
400 5
00 1
600
700 1
800
eMHwit
CH,
57,0
37
,76
16,30
3,74
0,3
3
0,0
3
43,4 22
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5,7
0,8
0,1
C2H6
22,8
0
,00
0,00
0,00
0,0
0
0,0
0
-
-
-
--
C2H4
3,8
0
,00
0,00
0,00
0,0
0
0,0
0 -- -
--
-
--
C3H~
6,4
0
,00
0,00
0,00
0,0
0
0,0
0 -- -
-
--
-
-
C3Hg
3,2
0
,00
0,00
0,00
0,0
0
0,0
0 ' --
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6,8
46
10
63,84 7
3
17
75,1
6
74,9
7 40,4 59
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71,7
75,0
75,0
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0
,
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3,75 1
,
0,29
14,6
2
16,7
8 0,2 2
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8,2
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-
15
,50
16,11 1
2,8()
9,8
9
8,2
2 14,8 16
,3
13,9
10,5
8,6
3Tana, rrponaxa n sTn.nexa, TaK n npH BsaHMOAeiicTSI~IK sTnx yr.ne-
BOj[OPO,ZLOB CO CT2XHOM2TpI3T4eCKrIM KOJInLIeCTBOM BOJ~SIHOT'O naps.
IIpn CpaBH2HI~In KOHL[eHTpaL[nn 3T8Ha B paBHOBCCHbIX ra30Bb1X
CMeCSrX, paCC4HTflHHbIX HBMH JjJIH peaKIjnrl (13) H (19), BFIAHO (Ta6J1. 6),
o ~-
U 30 ~ 60
20 ~ 50
0
v
~uu auu ouu .~~ ~~~
TeNneoamypa, ?C
PNC, 3. PaBHOSecHblii cocra6 cyxoH rasosoi} cMecN, pac-
C4NT8HIibIH JZJIA KOHBepCNN I o6~eMa McT2H0-3Ta HOBOF[
f~paKL[NN HeCpTfl HOI'O KpeKNHr-ra38 C 4 06beM8MN BOJ(A-
Horo papa.
IITO B nepsoM c.nyvae coAepxcaxne xenpopearHposaBlHero 3Taxa Bblrne,
~IeM BO BTOpOM. EC.lII4, VyI?ITbIBBA paBHOBeCHy10 KOHLjeHTpaII,I?IIO 3T2Ha,
paCCUnTBHHyIO JjJISI peaKunrl (13), BbI9HCJIHTb CB060AHyK) 3Heprr3to peaK-
unn (19) npH Aannblx yc~~oBxslx no ypasrreHHlo (24)
~Fc~H~ = 9Fc~x~ ~- RT ? In -PH~ (24)
Pc_H,;
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6nu~fa 5
CB060J(HBN'3H2prNN N KONCTBNTw pBBHOBCCNN peaKl{NIf rxApxpoBaxxN romoaoro6
MCTaHB B McTdH
C2Het Hz=2CH4
C3H8+2H2=3CH,~
Tempe-
PdTYPa
AFo
P2 i
CHa
~
~
~
p3
CHg ~
1
ri
K
~
Kan
K
1 K=1gv p
g C2H6 H2
~
1gK=
g
PC3H~pH2
400
-16 650
~-9
098
1,25.108 -31 330
-}-17,123
1,33.101
500
-16 850
,
7
365
2,32.107 -31 750
13,880
7,59.1013
600
-16 950
,
175
6
1,50.108 -32 020
11,665
4,62.1011
700
-17 000
,
308
5
2,03?IOb -32 080
10,017
1,04.1018
800
- 17 020
,
650
4
4,47.104 -32 100
8,771
5,90?]OA
900
- 16 980
,
124
4
1,33.104 -32 020
7,777
5,98.107
1000
-16 910
,
3,696
4,97.103 -31 850
6,961
I
9,15.108
1100
-16 840
3,346
12,22.103 -31 680
6,295
1,97.108
H nOACTBBHTb B Hero 3Ha1IeHH5I 4Fc2He H3 Ta6JI. 3, PHa H PCzHe H3
Ta6,n. 6, TO B HHTepBane 500-11OO~K JFCZHs HMeeT OTpHL[aTeJIbHyK)
BeJIH11HHy. PTO yKa3bIBaeT Ha TO, 11T0 Aax{e noc,ne ycTaxos.neHHSI
paBHOBeCHSI peaKL[HH (13) B yKa3aHHOM HHTepBane TeMnepaTyp TepMO-
j[HH8MH1IeCKH B03M0}KHa JjHCCOIZnaL[HSI 3TflHa HO peaK1[HH (19) C OC-
pa30B2HHCM 3JIeMeHTapHOI'O yr.nepORa. Elije 60JIee TepMOj(HHBMHiI2CKH
B03M0}KHO o6pa3osaHHe s.neMeHTapxoro yr.nepoAa npH pa3.aox{eHHH
Menee cTa6H.nbxoro roMO.nora McTaxa-nponana (Ta6.n. 7). C?neAyeT
vxa3aTb, 11TO o6pa3osaxne yr.nepoAa npH xonBepcHn McTalla c soAsl-
HbIM napoM, cor.~acno aHaJIOrH9HbIM paClleTaM'?z, TepMO~I,HH8MH1IeCKYi
603MOx{HO JIHHIb npH TeMnepaTypaX BbILIIe IOOO~C.
HaH6onbulax OnaCHOCTb o6pa3osaxHSl yr.nepoAa cyuiecTByeT npH
KOHBepCHI3 C BOJjSIHbIM napOM H2H8CbILijeHHbIX yr?nesop,opoA~6, Ha-
npHMep, ~TH.nexa (Ta6.n. 8), npoHHnerla H T. R.
$03M0}KHOCTb BbIJjeJIeHHSI yr?nepoAa 3Ha11HTeJIbHO yMeHblllaeTCSI
(cM. Ta6,n. 6-8), eCJIH KOHBepCnK) VKa3aHHbIX yrnesop,opoAos npo-
BOJjHTb npH TeMnepaTypaX Bblllle 9OO-IOOO~K H 6bICTpO HarpeBBTb
iICXORFIyK) ra30-napOBVK) CMeCb jj0 yKa3aHHbIX TeMnepaTyp.
A nnapaTypa
CxeMa ,na6opaTOpHOi~ yCT2HOBKH A.aA H3y11eHHSI B3aHMOJ),eI3CTBHSI
VrJI~BOROpOJjHbIX ra30B C BOZ[SiHbIM napOM He3Ha1IHTeJIb1{O H3MeHSITIaCb
Ha pa3JIHTIHbIX 3TanaX HCCJIeJ~OBBHHSI. ~Ta yCTaHOBKa (p HC. ~) 000TOSI-
na H3 annapaTypbl H npH6opo6, npeZ(Ha3Ha1IeHHbIX Il?11SI 01IHCTKII HC-
XOJ~HOI'O ra3a OT CepHHCTbIX COe,I[HHeHHi?I, H3MepeHH51 CKOpOCTH ra3a,
~03HpOBKH BOJjSiHOI'O papa, KOHBepCHH yr.nesoAopoAo6 C BoRRHbIM
IIapOM Ha KBTaJIH3aTOpe, OXJIa7KJ~eHHH H H3MepeHH51 KOJIH1IeCTBa npo-
,~yl{TOB peaxgHH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6~uua 6
KOHCTaNTa paBNOBCCNN N paBHOBCCH6IN COCT3B ra3a HpN TCpMN4CCKOFi f(NCCOgNa14NN 3TaHa N B3aNMOJ{CHCTBNN CPO C BO,gAHwM ^apOM:
2C (rpacpnT) -{- 3H2 = C2Hs (19)
C2Hs -r 2H2O - 2C0 -}- 5H2 . (I 3)
KoxcTanTa paanosecn~ peaxunn (19):
K _ PCzHs am-z
P P3
H2
CoAepxcanne C2Hs B paBnosecnoH raso-
17,4
0,66
4.10-'-
4
5.10-3
8.10-4
~ 2
10-4
1
-s
Box cMecn no peaxunn (19) npn
P = I am, % o6beMH.
,
.
6.
0
PaBnoBecneiit cocraB rasoBOii
CzHs
CO
31,44
1
27,15
19,60
10,47
3,68
0,97
0,27
cMecn
no peaxunn (13) npn
li
,62
4
0
5,30
13
11,78
19,59
25,41
27,75
28,34
P - 1
am, % o6~eMn.
z
,
6
,25
29,43
49,00
63,55
34
69
70
85
HBO
62,88
54,30
39,19
20,94
7,36
,
1,94
,
0,54
CBO6oRxaR 3neprnx peaxunn
C2Hs = 2C -~ 2H2 npN yCTBHOBNBIneM-
cx paBnoeecnn peaxunn(13),
OFc'Hs, rca~
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP8OTOO246AO437OO35OOO1-8
KOHCTanTa paBHOBCCNA N paBHOBP.CHbIN CocT86 rasa npK TCpMn4CCKOFI ANCCOgNan,NN nponaxa N 63aNMOJ~eNCTBNN eI'0 C BO,gKnblM napOM:
3C (rpacpNT)-r 4H2= C3He (20)
C3Hg -}- 3H2O = 3C0 -}- 7Hz (15)
II o x a 3 a r e .R H
500
600
700
SOU
900
I 1000 I
1100
KOHCTBnTa paanosecna peaxuNN(20):
2,483.10-4
2,239.10-6
1,692.10-g
4,732?]0-g
5,623.10-10
1.10-11
2,455.10-13
PC3Hg
Kp = PQ ana-3
H2
CopepxcaNNe C3Hg e pasnol~ecnoH
2,48.10-2
2,2.10-4
1,7.10-8
4,7.10-'
5,6.10-g
1.10-9
2.10-a
cmecn no peaxunN (20)
npN P = 1 am, % 06beMn,
C3Hg
20,6
15,04
8,14
2,60
U,48
0,09
0,02
Pa6HOBeCHbni COCTflB I'a30-
CO
28
5
11,95
20,23
26,88
29,42
29,89
29,98
aoH cmecN no pealtuNN(15)
H2
,
32
12
27,89
47,21
62,72
68,66
69,76
69,94
npn P= 1am,eio o6vemn.
H2O
,
61,80
45,12
24,42
7,80
1,4a
0,26
0,06
Cso6oAnan ~EleprNa peaKUnn
- 14 980
- ] 9 330
- 23 620
- 27 620
- 31 190
- 34 620
- 37 840
C3Hg = 3C ~- 4HZ npn ycralio-
BNBW2MCfl paBH0B2CNN peaKUNH(15)
~F~
H
, Kan
3
g
~
I
II
I
~
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
CBO6oAxa>a sxeprxx, KoxcraxTa paexoeecxA x paexosecxwH cocras rasa npx replxxvecKOH Axccogxauxx s'rxnexa
N 63axMOpe1ICTRNx ero c BOpHH61M napoM:
2C (rpacpHT) -}- 2H2 = C2H4 (21)
C2H4 -}- 2H2O = 2C0 -{- 4H2 (14)
500 I
600
700 I
800 I
900
1000
I(OHC'faHTa panxoaecHSl peaKuHlt (21):
3,874.10_9
2,403.10-8
8,323.10_8
2,000.10-7
3,985.10-7
6,702.10_7
PC2H4
_1
Kp = P2 am
H2
CoAepxcaHHe C2H4 B pasnoeecnox rasosoH
3,9.10-7
2,4.10_8
8,3.10-"
2,0.10-5
4 0?IO-5
fi 710-5
CMeCH n0 peaK[(HH (21)
npx P = ] am, % o6veMH.
PaBHOBecHblai cocraB rasoaoH cmecH C2H.,
CO
26,8
5
6
13,3
20
0
3,3
30
0
1,25
32
1
0,25
33
1
0,15
33
2
no peaxuHtt (14) npH P-1 am,
o6~emx. H2
,
13,0
,
40,0
,
60,0
,
64,2
,
66,2
,
66,4
H2O
53,7
26,7
6,7
2,5
0,5
0,3
CBO6oAxaa ~xeprHR peaxunH
- 21 990
- 20 700
- 19 350
- 18 940
- 17110
- 16 950
C2H4 = 2C ~-- 2H2 npH YCTBHOBNBIIIeMCR
paeeoeecHH peaKUnH (14),
OFC2H4, xan
I
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
PNC. 4. Cxema .na6opaTOptloK yCTaHOBKN fZ~ft KOHB2pCNH a~NCpaTN4eCKNX yI'72BOJ(OpCJZOB C BOJ(flHbIM napoM:
-6annoN C f]KaTbIM yI'JIeBO,i{OPOJ{HbIM I'a30M; 2-M3{IOCTaT; 3--CIiJ{Ai1Ka TNRjeHKO C BOAO~[; 4-IC OJIOHKN CO CMCCbIO Na TpOHHOI-I N3BeCTN N APeBCCHbIX ORN/IOK~
5-IC OJIOHINN CO CMCCb10 60nOTHOiI NSCJIC3HOI~1 pyAbl N }[pCBCC}iblX OI~NJIOK; s-CKJIAFIKa c pacraopoM agerara KaJ{MNA; 7-KOHTa KTHb1I~ aRllapBT C 7KeJIC30-BjC-
.`IO~IIIOFf ROI'JIOTNTCJIbHOII MaCCO}i; 3-3JIeKTp ORC'Ib; 9-pTyTHbIIi TCPMOMCTp; IO-KOHTNKTHhI ii TepMOMCTp; //-BOAAHOii XOJIO,gNJIbHNK; Il-C60PHNK KOH](CHCdra+
I3-pCOM.CTp A.nA yr,rtesopopop,HOro P83a; ; 4-CBTypaTOp; I.5-TCPMOCT3T C BORON; IB-HaROpH2A 6yTbIJI6 C J{CCTNlIJINp0B8HH0fi BOJj011; I7-pTYTH61~ TCpMOMCTp;
I3-HeF'peB2TeJIbHaA 3JIeKTpOCRNpaJIb; /9-RPORCJ1JICpH3A MCHIaJIKa' 2O-TOJIyO1IOBbIN TCpMOpCI'yJIATOp; 2/-KO}IBCpTOp N3 RP03pa9NOI'O Keapua; 22-sneKTpo-
{1CHL; 23--BOJ{AFION XOJIOJ{NJibFINK; 24-RJIaTN Ha-RJIB TNIIO-pOj(NCBaA TCPM ORapa; 2J-000yA IjbK)apa; 26-CaJIbBBHOMCTp; 27-F{aI'peB2TCJIbHafl 3JICNTpOCRNpaJIh;
18-C~X)pHN1C KOF{ACHC3Ta; 29-pT VTHbIFi TCpMOM1FCTp; 3P-CK JIAH Ka C paCTBOpOM aI{CTa Ta Kaj~MNA; 3I- MOIipbIN I'a30 BbI FI C4CT4 NK; 32, 33-xpaHbl; 34-pryT-
1161{i MaHOMCTp; 3,5-pCOMCTp AsA 803JjyXa NJIN a30T8; 38-pCOMCTp }(JIA BOAOpOj(a; 37-CTCKJIAFII{aA HN RCTKa j{JIA RPO6 I'a3a; 33-6yTbfn6 C paCTBOpOM
- CVJI b(~a Ta IIaTpNfl.
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 _ _ _____.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
I~IcxoAHb~e rasbi o~IHrua.nH oT ceposoAopoAa H ~acTH opraHH~lecxnx
CepHHCTbIX COej~HHeHI-I13 B KOJIOHKBX 4 I3 5 C H3TpOHHOI3 I33BeCTbK) H
COJIOTHOI3 pyRoK. ~[.nsi TOHKOI3 O~IHCTKH OT OpraHI~I~IeCKHX CepHHCTbIX
COe~(HHeHIII3 ra3bI nponycxa.nl3 ~Iepes xce,nes0-u>:e,itO~tHb-e nor.nOTH-
TeJlbHbte M1CCbI, 3arpy}KaeMble B KOHTflKTHbII-i annapaT 7 H3 TepMO-
CTOHKOI'O CT2KJIa, 060rpeBaeMbI13 3JI2KTpOneT~bK) c4. HO Mepe HaCbIII[e-
HnSI 9THX MBCC CepOI3 TeMnepaTypy npn O~IHCTKe nOCTeneHHO nOBbIIiIaTIH
OT 200 Ao 270?. CoAep}KaxHe o61uex cepbl B 1 ~3 rasa noc.ne Taxox
OLIHCTKH He npeBbl[IIaJIO 2-4 J6t2; 061I1,nFi COCTBB rasOB nOCJie OTIHCTKH
npH yKa3aHHOI3 TeMnepaType npaKTHYeCKH He I-i3MeH5IJICSI59
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py 13, nponycxa.nH nepes caTypaTOp 14, nOMeuieHHbIH B TepMOCTaT
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TeMnepaTypbI TepMOCTaTa, 3aTeM npOXOJ~HJI OTJjeJIbHbIMn ny3blpbK2MH
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6yTbIJII-i 16. Hpn O~IeHb 60.nbHIOM pacxoRe soRxnoro papa Bogy noAa-
Ba,nH HenpepblBHO, npn~leM B sTOM c,ny~Tae nepBOxa~a,ribxoe xacblH>;e-
Hne napOM npOHCXOj[HJIO yxce B Hapy}KHOM 3MeeBFIKe. CTeneHb HBCbI-
HjeHHSi ra3a napOM pery,~r~Iposa.nH H3MeHeHHeM T2MHepaTypbl ra30-
naposoK CMeCH Ha BbIXOJje H3 caTypaTOpa. TeMnepaTypy HsMepxnH
TepMOM2TPOM 17 C L[eHOI3 O,1(HOI'O j[eJIeHHSI IIIKaJIbI B O,l?; KOJIe6aHI~IR
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x{nBa.nH nOCTOSIHHbIM, TaK KaK n 9TOT cpaKTOp 06yCJIOBJ1HBa.R nOCTOAH-
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KOHT3KTHOI'O TepMOMeTpa. HCnapeHHe BOJjbI B TepMOCT2Te npe,gOTBpaHza-
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9Ta CMeCb HarpeBaJIaCb J~O TeMnepaTypbI OnbITa, 3aTeM npOXOjjHJIa peaK-
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TOpbIX OnbITBX X23 .u~t), H nepes ysxylo rasooTSOAxu~ylo Tpy6xy
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rpeaa npeAOTBpaula,nOCb pas.noxcenxe yr,nesoRopoRos HcxoAHOro rasa
Ro ero nocTyn.neHHSI Ha KaTa,nHSaTOp.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
B KOHBepTOp sarpyxcanH 10 ~~ xaTa.aNSaTOpa (B HeKOTOpblx onbl-
T8X `ZO bt Jl~; BbICOTa CJIOSI 06bILIHO COCTBBJISiJIa `~0-30 JIt~Yt.
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nepeA BxoAoM raso-naposot3 cMe-
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30 C paCTBOpOM yKCyCHOKHCJIOI'O
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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CMeCb T3KHX ra30B C BOJ~SIHbIM napOM npOnyCKaJIH B TeYeHHe JjJIHTeJIb-
HOPO BpeMeHH ~OT 7 j[O 125 ~IaC.~ LIepe3 nyCTOH KBapljeBbII3 KOHBepTOp,
HarpeTblI3 J~O pa3JIH~IHbIX TeMnepaTyp. B ~OJIbIIIHHCTBe OnbITOB K Ha-
rpeBaeMbIM rasaM Ao6aBnsi.nH JjBOHHOe ~n0 cpaaxeHHlo c TeopeTH~e-
CKH H2O6XOAHMbIM~ KOJIH~IeCTBO BOJjHHOI'O IIapa. KOJIHLIeCTBO npony-
uienxor0 rasa cocTaB.nx.no oT 30 Ao 140 ~t. BblAe.nslloui,HHCx npH Tep-
MH~IecxoM pas.noxcexHH yr.nesoAopoAo6 yrnepoA ocega.n B6nHSH Me-
* IIIBMOT N Jj~yCNe HOCNTQJ[N HC flBJIfl.7NCb HHe~THbIMN MBTepNa.'IaMN AJIfl 3TNX
pea KH,N N.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
cTa o6pasosaHNx, Hero MO}KHO ~bIJIO .aerxo Ha6.nloplaTb Yepes npo-
3paYHble CTeHKN KOHBepTOpa. ~TN OTJIO}KeHNSI B page OnbITOB SIBJIH-
JINCb 60JIee TIyBCTBHT2JIbHbIM npH3H8KOM r.ny6oxoro Kpexxxra yr,ne-
BoAopoAoB, YeM NsMexenxe o6N>;ero cocTasa nponycxaeMOro rasa.
r1pOAOJI}KNTeJIbHOCTb IIpe6bIBaHNSr (:, CeK.) H JINHeIIHyK) CKOpOCTb
(ZQI, .M ~C2lC) ras0-napOBOii CMeCI-I B peaKl.~HOHHOM 06'beMe KOHBepTOpa
BbIYNCJIAJIN HO ypaBHeHNSIM:
_ v?273.3600
273.3600.100?S
(26)
(27)
rAe v-peaxunollHbl~I o6~beM KoxaepTOpa, c~3;
S-H.norua,~b ero nonepeYHOro ceYenNSr, cx~;
Q-cxopocTb cyxoro raga, c~3/uac (npN 0? N 760 ~~ pT. cT.);
m-o6veMxoe oTHOrueHNe nap%ras s NcxoRHOH cMecN;
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BBOAN.nNCb Taxxce nonpasKN Ha NsMeHerlNe AaB.neHNSI B peaxunoH-
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OHN nOKa3bIBaK)T, LITO BCe NCCJIeZ[OBBHHble HBCbIHjeHH6Ie N H2Ha-
CbIIIjeHHble aTIN(~aTrrYeCKNe yrJIeBOJjOpOZ1,bI IipN TeMnepaType Jy0 700?
N npoRo.nxcNTe,nbnocTN HarpesaHNx Ro 1-1,5 ceK. He pearnpyloT c
BOjjSIHbIM napOM B nVCTON KBapgeB01[ Tpy6xe. Ha sTO yxasblsaeT
npaKTNIIeCKN nOJIHOe OTCyTCTBNe BHOBb 06pa30B2BHINXCH OKNCJIOB
yr.aep0lia B ra3aX nOCJIe HarpeBaHNSi. TaKNM 06pa30M, BOJ~SIHOI~I nap
B 3TNX yCJIOBNSIX HBJISIeTCSI KOMHOHeHTOM, TOJIbKO pa36aBJISIIOnjNM KOH-
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npN HarpeBBHNN ra30B KpeKI-IHra I?I nlipOJII33a H2C~TI~I Z[O 8~0? B TetIe-
HNe He McBee 0,5-1,3 C2K. HaYNHaJIOCb B3aNMOJ~eIICTBNe Me}KJ~V
BbICNINMN aJIIi(~aTNYeCKNMN yr.nesoRopoAaMN H BOJjSIHbIM napoM c
06pa30BaHNeM OKNCN yr,nepoAa.
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H 1-lOpTepa21, KOTOpble }~Ka3bIBaJIN Ha HaYa.1I0 B3aNMOJjeIiCTBNSI 3T3Ha
C BOj[SIHbIM napOM B npOTOLIHOI~r yCTaHOBKe 6e3 KBTaJIN3aTOpa yxce npN
600?, H COBnaJ~aK)T C Ha6JIK)J~eHNSIMN ,T1aHra H MOpraHa20, He o6xapy-
}KNBNINMN peaKuNN Me}K,I(y nponaHOM H BOJjHHbIM nap OM npN TeM-
nepaTypax HNxce 700?.
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0,5-CeKyH,I(HOI'O HarpeB3HNSI CM2CN npNPOJjHOI'O ra3a N4 1 C BO,i[sIHbIM
napOM, coAepxca[[leH OKOJIO 21 ~~ M2T2Ha, He Ha6JIK)1[aJIOCb HNKBKNX
npN3H2KOB pa3J10}KeHNSI nOCJIeJ~HerO: B KOHBepTOpe nOCJIe OnblTa yr.ne-
p01ta He ~bIJIO, a CORepN{aHNe OKNC.TIOB Vr.aepOAa N BOZ(OpOJIa B KOHeiI-
HOM ra3e He npeBblliraJIO norpeIIlHOCTN rasOBOI'O aHa.1IN3a. ~TN
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6~uc~a 12
BblAeneHHe yrnepoAa npH pasnHVnwx ycnoBHAx HarpesaeHA yr,nesoAOpoAHwx raso6
C BOJjAHbIM OapOM B nyCTOM KBapl{eBOM KOHBepTOpe
(n - nCXO~HbIN ra3, K - KOHen HbIN ra3~
1'emnepa-
Typa, ^C
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CO H> I CnH"n+s
H pHpoAHb1 F} ras
H 0,6 0,0 0,0 0,3 83,4 15,7
(~'S {K 0,9 0,0 0,0 0,3 83,3 15,5 HeT
TexnHVecKnH nponaH
0,5 x 0,0 ~ 1,2~ 0,8 1,2 96,5" 0,3 HeT
0,15 K 0,3 4, 5" 0,0 1,7 92,6" 0,9 Her
McTaHO-nponaHOBaA cmecb
l,0 x 0,8 1,2*'" 0,2 0,4 95,6`* l,8 HeT
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~yTaHOBaA Ch}eC b, pa36aB.~eHHaA a30TOM
0,55 H 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 50,2 49,8 HeT
0,5 I( 0,0 8,8 - 3,0 43,2 45,0 HeT
0 5 H - - - 44,8 55,2
{K 0,0 10,0 - 7,6 35,6 46,8 EcTb
0,45 - I - - - - - EcTb
7-8
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700 3,4
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540
580
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600
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700
800
800
450-800
4,4
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4,0 1,0 n 0,0 72,0 0,6 23,4 0,0
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3,9 0,6 i+ 0,0 16,1 0,5 79,7 0,1
3,9 1,0 n 0,2 71,0 0,4 23,4 0,8
~Tn.TeH, p836aB~eHHbIN a30TOM
4,0
4,9
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0,4 n 0,0 64,8 0,4 0,0 0,2
0,6 H 0,0 66,8 ~ 0,2 0,3 0,2
He(~THHON KpeKNHr-ra3
8 4 (H 0,4 6,6 1,0 5,5 86,5
lx 0,6 6,6 l,l 5,2 86,5
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0 6 n l,0 7,0 1,9 10,7 79,4
{x 0,8 6,9 2,0 10,7 79,6
0,5
0,5
0,035
}I 0,5 5,6 1,9 13,2 78,8
~K 0,6 10,9 1,9 16,8 69,8
n 1,2 15,1 0,3 1,6 81,8
{x 0,8 31,6 1,2 12,5 53,9
{K 0,5 6,0 1,2 1,4 90,9
HelpTSlHO~} nHpo-ras
'500 3 8 ' 1 7 H 0,0 25,4 0,4 17,0 55,2
{x 0,0 25,2 0,6 - -
590 3,8 1,5 x 0,2 2h,0 0,6 15,2 55,6
700 3,8 1,4 " 0,0 26,5 0,6 14,5 55,0
{K 0,0 26,8 0,6 14,0 54,8
800 3,8 1,3 H (> 0 26,4 0,6 15,6 54,0
{x 0,2 22,2 3,4 26,4 45,6
? CocTas yrnesoAopoRos s xoHev- CH4 CyH4 I C2H6 C3Hq I C3H~
noti+ rase nocne narpesauua npH 600? l,ti 0,4 2,ti 0,8 83,4
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" CocTau yrnesoAopoAos s xonev-
noM rase noc.ne narpeeanua npu 600' 53,0 0,2 1,5 1,0 35,1
To axe nprr 700? 54,8 5,5 1,8 I 3,9 15,8
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yr.nepoAa
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ECTb
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N CM098
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3,8 EcTb
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2,2 x cMO.na
IC4Hto ~ C, n senue
5,5 3,4
3,3 1,7
0,9
1,4 I,I
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
pe3yJIbTBTbI COBnap,alOT C J~aHHbIMH, IIOJIy~IeHHbIMH HBMH B npeplblRy-
HIHx Hcc.neAosaHHSIx2.
KpeKHHr H AerHAporeHHSauHx BbICHIHX aJIHI~aTH~IeCKHX yrJIeBO-
AopoAoB c o6pasosaHHeM yr.nepoAa x o.~ecpHxoB B oTCyTCTSIIe KaTa.>IH-
saTOpa npoTexa.nH npH 6o.nee xHSKHx TeMnepaTypax. Tax, pas.no~ICe-
xHe yr,nesoAopoRoB, BxoAslu>;Hx s cocTaB TexxH~Iecxoro nponaxa, xa-
~IHHaJIOCb npH TeMHepaTypaX OKOJIO 6OO? H 3Ha9HTeJIbHO yCKOpSi.IIOCb
npH 7OO?. nOCJIe HarpeBBHHSI B TeYeHHe ^O, 15 CeK. ra30-napOBOI4
CM2CH, COAep~aBLnel~I OKOJIO 9~o TeXHHLIeCKOI'O nponaxa, B KOHeiIHOM
rase HOSIBHJIOCb 4,5~o OJIeC~HHOB, 2~o McTBHa II 9TflHa H 1,7~o BOAOpO-
Aa, OTCyTCTBOBBBHIHX B HCXOJjHOM ra3e. Pa3JI0}KeHHK) HOABepraJlHCb
HpeHMyH1eCTBeHHO iDyT2HbI II ApyrHe BbICHIHe yrJIeBOROp011bI, collep-
}KaxHe xce nponaxa npaKTH~IecxH He HsMexx.nocb. BblAe.nexlle yr.ne-
po11a npH VKa3aHHb[X yCJIOBHFIX, OJjH8K0, He npoHCxoRH.no.
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xHH cMecH BoAHxoro papa H asoTa c 5?o nponaxa H 6yTaxos, xoTx
B pesy.nbTaTe KpeKHHra 3THx yr,nesoAopoRoB B rase noxBHnocb Ro
9?io o.necpxxoB. JIHHIb npH HarpesanxH yxasaHHOi3 cMecH p,o 730-
740? (T=0,5 ceK.) xa6.>TIOAa,nocb oT.noxceHHe yr,nepoAa Ha cTexxax
peaxTOpa.
yBe.lIHUeHHe npO1~OJI}KHTeJIbHOCTH HarpeBBHHSI npHBO1jHJ10 K 3Ha-
uHTe,nbxoMy yr.ny6.aeHHlo nllpo.nHSa yr.nesoAopoAoB npH 700?. TaK,
noc.ae HarpesaxHSl B Te~IeHHe 0,9 ceK. raso-naposoi~ cmlecH, couep-
xcasulei3 9?ro TexHH~ecxoro nponaxa H 13,5?b npnpoAHOro raga Ns 2,
B xolle~IxoM rase coRepxca,nocb yxie 9,5?0 o.nelj~HHOB, a Ha cTexxax
KoxsepTOpa oT,noxcH,ncsl yr,nepoA.
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JIN3aTOpa pa3Ji0?KeHHe npOnaHa Ha~IHHaeTCH npH 460?, a pacnaA c
Bblj[eJIeHHeM yr,nepoRa c 570-600?. HecosnaAeHHe HaulHx pesy,nb-
TaTOB C 3THMH j1aHHbIMH C.TIeRyeT OC'bSICHHTb 3HaLIHTeJIbHO M2HbHleI{
HpO1~OJI}KHTeJIbHOCTbK) HarpeBBHHSf B HaIllHX OnbITBX.
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paCLuenJISIK)TCH npH 60JIee HH3KOI~I TeMnepaType, tleM 6yT8HbI. O11,H3K0
OTJI07KeHHe yr,nepORa B KOHBepTOpe 3aMeTHO 3aBHCHT OT o6Hiero co-
CT2Ba HarpeBaeMOId ras0-napOBOH CM2CH. T2K, npH O,5-CeK)'HJjHOM
HarpeBflHHH 9THJIeHa, pa36aBJIeHHOI'O BOj[SIHbIM HapOM H asOTOM Jj0
KOHLIeHTpaIjHH 11 ~b , yr,nepoR BblRe.nsl.ncx npH 650? H Bbllue. C Apy-
rOH CTOpOHbI, HpH HaJIHTIHH B HarpeBaeMOI~I CM2CH, HOMHMO 3THJIeHa
H BoRstHOro papa, 5-8?~o BoAopoRa o6HapyxcHBa.nH yr.nepoA Ha
cTexxax KoxsepTOpa yxce npH TeMnepaType oxo,no 580?; sblRe.neHHe
yr~tepoAa npoHCxoAH~ZO B 3TOM c.nyuae Ra}Ke npH KoxuexTpauHH
sTH.nexa, pasxoK 3,5?0. ~Ta TeMnepaTypa cosnaAaeT c yxasaxxoi~
B .t,eHHSI rOMOJIOI'OB
McT2Ha B OJIe(pHHbI H M2T8H4s
2CzH6 = C~H4 -{- 2CH~ (31)
C3Hs = CzH~ -F CH4 (32)
a Taxxce s McTaH H yrnepou> Ha6,nloliaBHlHecsl Ca6aTbe npH A.nHTe.nb-
HOM KOHT1KTe yr.neBOAopoRoB C HHKeJIeM
B yCJIOBHSIX KOHBepCHH C BOASIHbIM napOM Ha HHKeJIe HpaKTH~IeCKH HE
HMeJIH McCTa.
2CzH~ = 3CH4 -~ C
(33)
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(34)
HZ
CH4 COy CO
0,! O,Z 0,3
BpeMa kaurma/~ma, ceH.
PNC. II. BJIHAHHe Bp2M0HN KOHTBKTa H8 KOHBep-
CHK) HpOH8H8 C BOJ(HHbIM HBpOM.
Temneparypa 600?; nap raa=7,7 1.
COOTHOLIleHHe Me}KAy OKHCbK) H AByOKHCbK) yr,nepOAa B KOHBepTH-
pOBBHHOM ra3e KaK npH 3THX OnbIT2X, T8K H npH Bcex noc.neAylou.~Hx
ollpeRe.nH.nocb 6blcTpo ycTaxaB.nHBaloruHMCH pasxosecxeM peaxuHH
BoAslHOro rasa (17). IIpH 400? ssaHMOReI3cTBHe yrnesoAopoAoB c Bo-
ASIHbIM HapOM HpOTeKaeT npaKTHLIeCKH TOJIbKO C 06pasOBBHHeM uBy-
OKHCH yrllepoAa. C HOBbIHIeHHeM TeMnepaTypbI BOSpaCTaeT COJ~epxca-
HHe oxxcH yr.itepoAa (cM. pxc. 8, 9, 10).
BCJIeJZCTBHe BbICOKOI-I aKTHBHOCTH KBTaJIHSaTOpOB I'HI~II, Aaxce
HpH MaJIOM BpeMeHH KOHT1KTa (OKOJIO 0, 1 CeK.), J~OCTHraeTCH
pasJiO}KeHHe yr,nesoRopoRoB, 6JIH3KOe K paBHOBeCHOMy. IIpH
JjaJIbHeI3HIeM xce COKpaH1,eHHH npO,I(OJIN{HTeJIbHOCTH KOHTBKTa J~O
0,02-0,03 CeK. CTeHeHb KOHBepCHH yrJIeBOJ~OpOJjOB, OCObeHHO HpH
400-600?, 3aM2TH0 yMeHbLIIaJIaCb (p HC. 11, 12).
Yse,nH~eHHe xo,nH~lecTBa Ao6aB.nxeMOro BOARHOro Hapa, B cooT-
BeTCTBHH c0 cAsxroM pasxosecHSl peaxuHH (13, 17), cnoco6cTByeT
yMeHbIIIeHHK) KOHI);eHTpaL[HH VrJIeBOROpOj[OB B KOHe~IHOM ra3e H
yse.nH~lexxoMy o6pasosaHHlo AsyoKHCH yr.nepopla (pHC. 13, 14). OA-
HaKO rIpe3MepH0 60JIbHIOe KOJIHT~IeCTBO BO,AxxorO Hapa, Bb13bIBaBHIee
COIipaHjeHHe HpOJjOJI}KHTeJIbHOCTH KOHTBKTa ras0-HapOB013 CMeCH C Ka-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
TBJII~I3aTOpOM ~O 0,01 CeK. H McBee, IIpHBOj[HT K yMeHbH1eHI~IK) CTeH2Hli
KollBepci4H yr,nesoRopoAoB.
HpHMe}IHeMble AJIH KOHBepCHA I'OMOJIOI'OB McT2Ha 60JIbHIHe KOH-
IleHTpaIjHH BO,IjAHOI'O Hapa He HOHH}KaJIH aKTIIBHOCTH KBTaJIH3aTOpOB
rHAH i187Ke Hpx jjJII3TeJIbHbIX OHbIT$X.
Pxc. 12, )~911HHxe BpeNieHx KOHT2KTa Ha KOHBepCHK) ;~tP
TBHO-^pORflHOBOH CMeCH.
Iemneparypa 600?C; KcaoAHce coAepNtaxne CaHg-34%:
nap ras=4,6 : I.
0,! 0,2 0,3
Bper~r~ fioHmaJrma, cek.
He00XOj[I3M0 yKa3aTb, ~ITO Hp13 06pa60TKe ~IACTbIM BOAsIHbIM Ha-
pOM HJIH B03j[yXOM BCe BOCCTBHOBJIeHHble HNKPJIeBble KBTaJIH3aTOpbl
CHtI ~C
CH4
5 6 7 B 9
n~
eas B ucxoanou cnecu
PNC. 13. B.rixxHxe H3C)bITKa BO,IjAHOI'O Hapa
Ha COCTBB npOJ(YKTOB KOHBepCNN 3T8Ha,
O6venuiaa cKOpocTb 200; TemnepaTypa -800?,
7 8 9 10 1!
Pxc. 14. B.zHxHHe xs6biTxa Hapa xa
CTeneHb KOHBE:pCHN nponaea:
I--O6'beMHaH CKOQOCTb 50~; TeMnepaTypa
X00?C; 2-O6bCMHaft CKOpOCTb SOO; TCMnC-
parypa 600?C; 3-o6r,eMHasi citopocTb 2000;
TeMnepaTypa 600?Ci?-O6'bCMHaSI CKOpOCTb
500; TeMnepaTypa 400?C.
JIeI'KO OKHCJISIK)TCH H ,i[e3aKTHBI-IpyK)TCH BCJIeJ~CTBHe 06pa30B8HFiSI
HOBepXHOCTHbIX HJIH (~a30BbIX OKHCJIOB HHKeJISI. HHxte 7OOo B000TBHOB-
JIeHI3e aKTHBHOCTH OKHCJIeHHbIX KBTa,TIH3aTOpOB HpOHCXOjj13T JINHIb
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
i
npH nx o6pa6oTKe BoAopo,goM HJIFI rasaMi~, coAepxcaHlHMn BoAopoR
(H.nn oxncb yr.nepoRa). CMecblo TexHH~Iecxoro nponaxa c BoAxxblM na-
pOM (1 11) Vj[aBaJIOCb BOCCTaHOBHTb OKHCJIbI HHKeJISI B CBe}KHX Ka-
Ta,nl3saTOpax I'I~IAII: B cTaTH~ecxnx yc,noBHxx -npH TeMnepaType
He Hn}Ke 7OO?, a B j[HH8MI3~IeCKHX C IIpOROJI}KHTeJIbHOCTbIO KOHTdKTa
OK01I0 O,2 CeK.- TOJIbKO BbIIIIe 75O?. B 3TOM C,ay~Iae, BepO5ITH0,
CHauaJla npOI~ICXOJ~nT JjerHj(pHpOBBHI~Ie H nHpOJIn3 HaCbIHjeHHbIX
yrJIeBOJ~OpOJjOB B ra30BOI~I Cpa3e C 06pa30BaHneM BeH1,eCTB C CHJIbHO
BOCCTaHOBHTeJIbHbIMi~I CBOIICTB2MH (BOJ~OpOJj, O.l[e(~HHbI, yr,nepoR
H T. R.).
Cor.nacHO IIpIIBeZ(eHHbIM BbIHIe paCTIeTaM (Ta6,n. 6, 7) npH xoHSep-
cHFi roMO.noroB McTaxa B HHTepsa.ne 400-800? TepMORHHaMH~IecKH
B03M0}KHO 06pa30B2HHe yr.nepORa. OjjH3K0 HaH1H OnbITbI nOKa3aJIH,
~ITO npH J~06aBKe Ha 1 06'beM 3TaHa, TeXHnTIeCKOI'O npOnaHa I~I npOnaH-
C)yTaHOB01~[ CMeCH COOTBeTCTBeHHO He M2Hee 31%2, 8 H lO 06'beMOB BOJ~H-
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TpauI~IH HX B I3CXORHOM ra3e IIpOT2KaeT 6e3 HBKOnJIeHHSI yr>nepoRa
Ha KaTa,nHSaTOpax I'~IAII-2 Fi I'I~IAII-3.
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npoKa.nnaaxnH B cTpye so3Ryxa o6pasuos KaTa.aHSaTOpa, npHMeneH-
HbIX npi~ KOHBepCHn npOnaHa n M2T8H0-npOnaHOBOI~I CMeCH, KOJIe6a-
.nocb s npe,ge.aax oT 1 Ao 7 ~cz C (Ta6,n. 16, 17). PTO cocTaB.nx.ao Bcero
,nnHlb 0,0005-0,009% oT o6Hi,ero xo,nn~ecTBa yr.aepoAa, BxoAHBHIero
B cocTaB yr.neaoAopoRos nponyluennoro ra3a, H He oT.aH~a.nocb OT Ha-
KOI7JIeHI3H VrJIepOJZnCTbIX COeJ~HHeHI~III npH KOHBepCHH npxpoRHOro
ra3a ,N's 2 (Ta6,n. 14). IIpH npoxa,nHBaHHH o6pasua KaTa.nHSaTOpa,
npnMexslBHlerocsl npH 600? R.nx xoHBepcHH cMecH, cocTOSIBUIeK H3
18% nponaxa H 77 ?~0 6yTaxos, 6bl,no HaHRexo 42 ~z C, nTO cooTSeTCTBO-
sa.no oxo.no 0,01 ?o oT yr.nepoRa B cocTase nponyluexnblx yrnesoAo-
pop,oB.
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JIaCb 06pa30BflHneM OJIe(~nHOB; TOJIbKO npn 6OO? H MaJIOM BpeMeHli
KOnTaKTa (0,02-0,03 CeK.) B KOHBepTHpOBaHHOM ra3e HHOrJja H8X0-
JjHJIH O~IeHb He60JIbLIIHe KOTIH~IeCTBa OJIeCpnHOB (Ta6,n. 16 H 17).
YMeHbHIeHHe KOTIn~IeCTBa Jj06aBJISIeMOPO BO,i[HHOI'O papa (xanpH-
Mep, npH Ro6asxe 2 o6~eMOB papa Ha 1 o6~eM sTaxa, 6 o6~beMOB xa
1 o6~beM Texnn~Iecxoro nponaxa, 6-8 o6ven-IOB Ha 1 o6veM nponax-
6VT8HOBOI3 CMeCn) npHBO,i[HJIO K 06pa30B8HHI0 yr.nepoRa, xoTOpbtFi
BbIj(eJISIJICSi B BHRe Me1IKI~IX CbIrIyLIHX TIaCTIILIeK. 3HaLIHTeJIbHble KOJIH-
LIeCTBa er0 ~bICTpO HBKanJInBaJIHCb B McCTe BXOJ~a ra30-napOBOK CMeCI~[
Ha KaTaJIH3aTOp, Jje3aKTHBHpySI H pa3pyHlaH nOCJIejjHHYI, a T3K}Ke 3a-
TpyRHSIx npOXOJ~ ra30-napOBOI3 CMeCH. Ha OCTaJIbHOM KBTaJIH3aTOpe
yr,nepOAa BbI,geJISIJIOCb 3HaLIHTeJIbHO McHbnle H OH 3a BpeMSI OnbITa He yC-
neBa.n pa3pylLlaTbCSi. B 3TOM OTHOHIeHHI3 KOHBepCHSI ra30B, coltepxcaH~Hx
rOMOJIOrH M2T3Ha, 3HaTIHTeJIbHO OTJIn~IaeTCSI OT nepepa60TKH TepMH~Ie-
CKH 60JIee CTa6HJIbHOI'O M2T8Ha, He paCLI[enJISIK)HjerOCSI C 06pa30B8HHeM
yr.nepoRa Aax{e npH Ro6aB.neHHH TOJIbKO T20peTHTICCKH HC'06XORHMOI'O
Ko.nH~ecTBa BoAxnoro papa (1,3-1,5 o6veMa).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ilpx 800? Koxeepcxx ~Taxa, nponaxa x 6yTaxos npoTexaeT 6es
xaxon.nexxx yr,nepoRa x paspyHlexxx xaTa.~xsaTOpoB Aa}Ke npx plo-
6aB.neHxx nOJIyTOpHOI'O, n0 CpaBHeHxK) C TeOpeTxYeCKx He06XOj(xMbIM,
KOJIx~IeCTBa BOJjSIHOI'O Hapa.
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Re,ax.aCx Ha KBTa.TIxsaTOpe I,I~AII-3 x B OHbITe, J~JIxBClleMCSI OKOJIO
300 Yac. OnbIT xposoRl{,ncsl npx c.neRyloluxx yc,aosxslx: o6?beMHasl cxo-
pocTb 500; nap ras=4,1-4,7. CocTas xcxoAxoro rasa, % o6~beMx.:
CHI C2H~ C3H~ C4Hio C;H,~ N_
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neYx.nx pacnpeRe.nexxe TeMHepaTypbl
B C1IOe K2TaJIxsaTOpa, 6JIxsKOe K yCJiO- 800
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JIaCb. KOJIxYeCTBO yr.TIepOJjxCTbIX COe-
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yr.nepoAa B cocTaBe xoMnoxexTOB npo- paTypbi a KonsepTOpe.
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30B, CO,I(ep}Kan);xX .TIK)6ble KOHLjeHTpaIixx 3T2Ha, npOnaH3 H CyTBHOB,
C jjBOHHbIM (n0 CpaBH2HxK) C T20peTxYeCKx He06XOjjxMblM~ KO.TIxYe-
CTBOM BOJ[HHOPO Hapa, HBJISIeT'CSI 6esOnaCHOI{ B OTHOnIeI{xx sayr.aepo-
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Topax x npx Tex xce TeMnepaTypax x o6T~eMxoil cxopocTx, Kaxxe npx-
M2HAK)T j(JIH KOHBepCxx McTaHa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
BpemR
oT na-
yana
On blTa
vacr>~
Tn6nu~y? 19
XapaKTepnCTNKa CTa6NJIbHOCTN npogecca KOBBepcnx McTano-nponaxosoH
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640
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500; nap ras=4,5 1.
Ko.nH~IecTBO BblRe.nxsulerocu yr.nepopla onpeAe,nx.nH xaK raal3c~H-
KaLjHeI3 er0 n0 McTOJjHKe, yKa3aHHOI3 BbIHIe, T8K n paCileTHbIM nyTeM
Ha OCHOBBHHH M3TepHaJIbHbIX 6a,aaHCOB, B KOTOpbIX 661JIH yLIT2Hb1 BCe
npOAyKTbI paCIIjenJIeHHSI 3THJIeHa.
1-1pOBeAeHHble OnbITbI HOKa3aJIH, ~ITO npH A06aB.nexHH OKO.nO 4
OObeMOB papa xa 1 o6~beM cMecH, coAepxcaBUlet3 63-68 % sTHnena I3
30-35% asoTa, pas.noxcenne sTH.nexa xa HHKe,nesoM xaTa.nHSaTOpe
CT2HOBHJIOCb 3aMeTHbIM JIHLLIb B61IIIe 380-390?. B npl3cyTCTBHH
HHKeJIeBOI'O KBTaJIH3aTOpa Ha KBapue, 06JIaj[aBHIerO HeBbICOKO}I H
MaJIOCTa6HJIbHOI3 aKTHBHOCTbK), pa3.nOxceHHe 3THJIeHa npx 400? npo-
T2KaJI0 McJjJIeHHO: npH BpeMeHH KOHTaKTa O,2-0,3 CeK. pa3nara.nOCb
Bcero OT 12 Ao 24% sTH.nexa (Ta6.n. 20), npxveM 6o~nee nonoBHHbI
3TOI'O KOJIH~IeCTBa paCnaZ(aJIOCb Jj0 yrnepOAa. B3aHMOj[eYICTBne C
BOZ[SIHbIM napOM 6bI.lIO He3Ha9NTeJIbH61M; He60,nbnIaa ~IaCTb 3TNJIeHB
C/nC~BNb kONBCACUU
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
NepexoAN~-Ia B McTaH. IIpoTexaxneM sTNx peaxuNH o6~ftcxfteTCft
HecooTSe~cTBNe xoxueHTpagNi~ BoRopoAa N oKNC.noB yr.nepoRa B Ko-
He~{HCM rase npN onblTax, nposeRexxblx npN 400-600?.
BblJje,TIftBNIN14Cft NpN 4OO? JIP.I'KNI3, NyN1NCTbII3 C BOJIOKHNCTOI{ CTpyK-
Typou yr.nepOR NOJIHOCTbK) O~BOdIaKNBaJI BCe KyCOLIKN K1TaJINSaTOpa,
oTAe.nftft Nx Rpyr oT Rpyra. 3a 4-5 sac. Nponycxanuft raso-napoBOI3
cMecN yxasaxxoro cocTasa xa 10 ~~ KaTa.nNSaTOpa oceAa,no 1,4-2 a
_yr.nepoRa, ~ITO yse,nNYNBa.no nepsoxa?ta,nbxblu o6~beM KaTa.nNSaTOpa
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KeJlft, N n03TOMy Aaxce Ha 3aVrJIepO}KeHHOM KBTaJINSaTOpe npO,1~OJ1}Ka-
JIOCb eNj2 HeKOTOpOe BpeMft pasJiO}KeHNe 9TNJIeHa ~CM. TdK}Ke Ta6Ji. 26).
KorRa 3ayrJlepO}I{eHHbll~t K3TaJIN3aTOp yxce nOJIHOCTbK) 3anOJIHftJI
peaKuNOHHbII{ O~'beM KOHBepTOpa N J~aJIbHeFdN{ee pa3j~BNraHNe KyCO~I-
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B3aNMO,T[eI~ICTBNft C BOJjftHbIM napOM, HN NNpOJIN3a J~O yr.nepoRa B Te-
4eHNe 36 ?IaC. NpOnyCKBHNft CMeCN 3TNTIeHa C 4 OG'beMBMN BOJ~ftHOI'O
napa ~Iepe3 H2B000TBHOBJIeHHbIII BOJ~OpOROM CBe3KI{I-I KBTaJIN3aTOp, Ifa-
rpeTbllt J~O 40O?. TOT x npI'ITIeM H3KOnJIeHI~Ie nOC,TIe,gH2r0 B nopax K2TaJIII3aTOpa nOCTe-
nexno paspyHla.ao ero, npespalljax s nopomox.
~JISI yMeHblIIeHnSI 06pa30B8HnSI yr,nepORa npn KOHBepCIIn 3TI~IJIeHa
MbI nOnpO~OBa,IIn rnApnpogaTb nOCJIeJjHnli B HflCbIIi[eHHble Vr,7IeBOJZO-
pOJjbl n C 9TOII IIeJIbK) B HeKOTOpbIX OnbITBX pa3~aB.TIAJIH I3CXOJ~HbIIi
ra3 BOJjOpOZ[OM24~~~, Ilpx npOnyCKaHHI~I rIepP.3 HHKeJIb-aJIIOMIIHI~IeBbIIi
KaTa,ansaTOp cMecn ns 17 % ~Ti~.nexa n 80 % Boaopo~a c Ro6asxoK
1,3 o6~beMa BoAxnoro napa Ha 1 o6~beM rasa B ocnosxoM npoTexa,n
npouecc rlrRpxposannx ~Tn~zena B McTaH n uacTi~vno B ~TaH, co-
nposoxcAasHlni4cx yMexbmexxeM o6~beMa:
C2H.> -I- 2H2 = 2CH,~ (37)
CoAepx~axne 3Taxa x BbICIHI3x roMO,noroB McTaIIa cocTaB.nx.no
^~9 %0 OT COJ~ep}KaHI35I CnH2n+2 B KOHBepTnpOBBHHOM rase.
IZO 9TnM peaKgnAM pasJIO?KnJIOCb OKOJIO $3% nCXO,1~HOI'O 3TnJIeHa.
BsanMOJ~eIiCTBI3e 9~THJIeHa C BO,IjSIHbIM napOM TOpM03nJIOCb npi4CyTCT-
BneM Brase X80 /o BoAopo,ga (cM. Ta6.n. 20). XoTx npn Ro6asxe Bo-
llopoAa noABepra,aocb nnpo.al~sy BMecTO 7-15% Bcero 1,2 % noc~IV-
nnaulero ~Tn.nena n BbrAe.ai3,nocb To.nbxo 0,12 a v_ r.nepoAa, no ~TOro
xo.nn~IecTBa yr.nepoAa oxasa,aocb RocTaTO~HO R.ax paspynlennsl scero
xaTa,nnsaTOpa n ueMeHTnposaHxx ero B n.noTHylo Maccy, He npo-
nyCKaBUIyIO ras0-napOByK) CM2Cb Yepe3 KOHBepTOp.
HIIn 600 pe3K0 yCKOpSIJInCb peaKunn BsanMOJjeIICTBI35i 3TnJIeHa
C BOJ~HHbIM napoM x pacnaR ero Ro yr.aepoAa.
OKI3C,TIbI HI3KeJISI npn 3TOII TeMnepaType 6bICTpO B000T8H8BJInBa-
JInCb 3TnJIeHOM, HeCMOTpSI Ha 60JIbIIIOe pa36aBJIeHAe nOCJIe,IjHerO BO,T~SI-
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5 %o a30Ta n g0-$5 % BOJ~SIHOI'O napa, HnKe,ab, BOCCTaHOBJIeHHbIIi
HTNM CIIOCOCOM, He OTdInYaJICA n0 CBOeLI aKTNBHOCTn OT HnKeJIA,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
O~paCOTflHHOtO YHCTbIM BOIIOpOJ~OM, H COXpaHSIJI CBOK) aKTHBHOCTb Raxce
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RslHOro papa H He 6o.nee 0,2-0,3`.'0 3TH.aena.
IIpH 600? xa Hnxe.nb-a~IloMHxnesoM KaTa.nHaaTOpe pacnazca.nocb
p,o yr.nepoAa npHMepxo 40-50 ?/O, a xa xxKe.nesoM KaTa.nHSaTOpe,
HBHeCeHHOM Ha KBapu, 70-85 ~o OT BCerO pa3JI0}KHBHIerOCSI 3TH-
JIeHa. B OTJIHiIHe OT OnbITOB npH 4OO?, yr.nepOA HaH60.1iee HHT2HCHBHO
Bblj[eJISIJICSi V BXOJja ra30-napOBOH CMeCH B CJIOH KBTaJIH3aTOpa. ~TO
cosuasa,no 6o.nbuloe conpoTHS.nexne npoxoAy raso-naposoH cmecH
H, XOTSI BeCb OCTaTIbHOH KaTaJIH3aTOp OCT3BaJICSI LIHCTbIM, OnbITbl HpH-
XO~HJIOCb npeKpaHl,aTb CHVCTH 0,5-1,0 ~IaCa. Pa36aB.neHne HCXOj[-
HOI'O 3THJIeHa BOJZOpOROM, H2COMHeHHO, TOpM03HTI0 nHpo.nHS: npH
3ameue Bop,opoAa TaKHM xce Ko.nH~IecTBOM asoTa sblRe.nenxe yr.nepoAa
HBCTOJIbKO yCKOpHJIOCb, LITO jj1IHTeJIbHOCTb OnbITOB COKpaTHJIaCb ~O
IO MHH.
$ npHCyTCTBHH KaTaJIH3aTOpa, paBHOMepHO 3ayr.lIepOH{eHHOI'O
npH 400?, a saTeM 6blcTpo xarpeTOro Ao 600?, npoRo.nxca.nHCb xaK xoH-
Bepcxx 3THJIeHa C BOJ~SIHbIM napOM, T3K H er0 pacnaR j~0 VrJIepOJZa
(Tao.a. 22); iIaCTb KOHBepTHpOBBHHOI'O ra3a OC7pa30BaJIaCb B pe3VJIbT2Te
ra3HCpHKaIIHH paHee HBHeCeHHOI'O Ha KBTaJIH3aTOp yr.nepOAa?
KOHBCPCNB 3TNJteH3 C BOJ~BH6IM ^apOM OpN GOO" B HpNCYTCTBNN
HOI'O HNKCJICBOI'O KaTaJIN36TOp3 Hfl KB8PI~C
(06~beMeaA cKOpocTb 450. IIap : raa = 5 : 1)
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HHTepBaJle TemnepaTyp 400-600? Ha aKTHBHbIX HHKeJIeBbIX K1TaJIH-
3aTOpaX, nOMHMO peaKljHH B3aHMOJ~eHCTBHSI C BOJ1,HHbIM napOM, np0-
TEKaeT HHT2HCHBHbIH nHpOJIH3 C OCpa30B8HHeM yr.nepoAa.
Bo.abHloH npaxTH~lecKHH HxTepec npeRcTas.nsl.no ablslcllexne max-
CHMaJIbHOH KOHL[eHTpaLjHH OJIe(~HHOB B NCXOZ(HbIX ra3aX, He Bb13bIBa-
fOlljeH 3ayrJIepO}KHBBHHSI KBTaJIH3aTOpOB B yxa3aHHOM TeMnepaTVp-
HOM HHTepBaTle. ~JIR 3TOI'O MbI npOBeJIH pAu OnbITOB, B KOTOpbIX CMeCH
a30Ta C 1,5-~1~0 3THJIeHa nOABepraJlH KOHBepCHH C BOjjSIHbIM napoM.
[IpH J~ByX-TpeXKpaTHOM H36bITKe BOJ~SIHOI'O nape nOJIHOe pa3.n0}xeHHe
~TH.nena B sTHx vc,nosHxx npoucxoliH.no yxce npH 400?; o1[Haxo, ~ax 2 0,4 5,3 1,2 2,3 90,8
> 3 0,4 6,2 1,2 1,5 90,7
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> 5 0,4 5,0 2,2 7,0 85,4
> 6 0,2 18,7 1,2 3,3 76,6
~ j[OCTNCHyT j[ORyCTNMbIF( HpCy7Cn ~;.1VrnCp0 NiN9aHNH liaTanN33TOp8.
U6~eMNaa cxopocTb 200.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Haxon~neHHe yr,nepoAa Ha KaTa,nHSaTOpe B onblTax no xoxsepcHH
KpeKHHr-ra3a MbI OI1.eHHBaJIH TOJIbKO KaLIeCTBeHHO, HO pOCTy conpo-
THS.riexnx c.nox KaTa,nHSaTOpa I~poxoAy raso-napoaoi~ cMecH, a Taxx{e
nyTeM OCMOTpa KBTaJIH3aTOpa, Bblrpy}KeHHOI'O nOCJIe OnbITOB.
IIpH Jj06aBKe OKOJIO 4 06'beMOB BOJjSIHOI'O papa Ha 1 06'beM KpeKHHr-
ra3a HJIH er0 McT8H0-3T3HOBOFi (~paKIjHH, KOHBepCHSI VrJIeBOJ~OpOj(OB
npOTeKa,na B COOTBeTCTBIIH C paCTIeTgMII, IIpHBej[eHHbIMH B Ta6.n. 4
H Ha pxc., 3. Tax, HpH 600? H npo-
JjOJI?KHTeJIbHOCTH I{OHTBKTa OKOJIO
0,2 C2K. O.TIeCpHHbI pa3JIaraJIHCb ~
HOJIHOCTbK), a rOMOJIOrH M2TdHa -
e.,n inn
V I I I ~I I I
?_ .,.,
31 ? -
~ S00
92 I
- I
40,Kar
!~ Kamanu~~r,~op
I.IaAa Beide~e-
I NllA 2~epada
Pnc. 18. HaKOn;leHHe yr:lepo~a xa Kara.nla-
sarope npn KoHeepcltn xpexHrir-rasa.
PNC. 19. HaKOn.-leHlte yraepoAa Ha
KBTa.!IN3aTOpe npN KOHHe^CIIN Kpe-
KnHr-rasa.
Ha 75-85?,'0, npH~IeM B KoxsepTHposaHHOM rase ocTasa,nocb oT 5 Ao
10 % yr.nesoRopoAoB, cocTOxsmnx no~ITH ge.nHKOM Hs McTaxa. IIpH
700? H TflKOI~I }Ke HpOj[OJI}KHTeJfbHOCTH KOHTdKTa KOHBepCHSI yr.neso-
j1,OpO~OB 6bina HpaKTHTIeCKH IIOJIHOI3, B KOIIe~IIIOM ra3e OCTBBaJIOCb
He 6o.nee 1 % McTaxa (Ta6,n. 24).
OCHOBHbIM 3aTpy,~HeHI~eM SIBJISI.TIOCb HHT2HCHBHOe Bblj[eJIeHne yr.ne-
pOAa BCJIeJ~CTBHe nHpOJIH3a OJIeCpHHOB Ha KflTaJIn3aTOpe. KaK H B Onbl-
TaX C 9THJIeHOM, MBKCHMaJIbHOe BbIReJIeHHe H HBKOHJIeHHe yr,aepOAa
npOHCXORHJIO B McCTe BXOZ[a ra30-napOBOH C)VIeCH B CJIpI-i KBTaJII~I3a-
TOpa.
NISI BbISICHeHHA OCJIaCTH TeMnepaTyp, B KOTOp013 HpOHCXOJJ,HT
BbIJjeJIeHHe yr.nepOAa HpH KOHBepCI3H KpeKHHr-ra3a, HaMH 6bIJIH npo-
Bej[eHbI OHbITbI, B KOTOpbIX HCXOJjHaSI ra30-HapOBaSI CMeCb nOCTynaJla
Ha KBTaJIn3aTOp C TeMnepaTypOl~i 200-300? (AJISi 3THX OnbITOB ~bIJI
npHMeH2H KOHBepTOp C O~IeHb KOpOTKOI3 ra30-nOjjBOJjAIIjeI3 Tpy6KOId~,
a MaKCHMaJIbHaSI TeMnepaTypa B CJIOe K3TaJiH3aTOpa 6bIJIa oT 450
Ro 800?. 30HbI BbIJ~eJIeHHSI yr,nepoRa, Ha6.ntoRaslHHecsl noc.ne onblTOs
npH MBKCHMaJIbHOI3 T2MnepaType 455 Ii 800?, rpaCpH~IeCKH nOKa3aHbl
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ha pHC. 18 H 19. B nepBOM OnbITe yr,nepOA OT.TION{HJICH Ha KaTaJIH3a-
Tope B o6,nacTH TeMnepaTyp OT 305 Ao 455, a BO BTOpOM OnblTe -
oT 420 Ao 515?. ,gOnyCTHMbII3 npeAe.n 3ayrJlepOxcHBaHHSIKBTaJIH3aTOpa
6bIJi J~OCTHI'HyT npH 3THX OnbITflX COOTBeTCTB2HH0 ilepe3 21 H ilepe3
4 ~Iaca xoxsepcxH (Ta6.n. 25).
Ta6nuc{a 25
BJIH9HHe TCMIIQpaTYp61 Hd 3aYrJICpONCNBdHHe KaTaJIH3aTOpa rNAn-2
H11N KOHBPpCNH MCTa~110-3TaHOBON (ppBKl(NH KpCKHHr-I'a3a
(06~bemxaa cxopocTb 400. IIap : ras = 4,1:1)
TeMnepa-
Bpem~
CocTas cyxoro KonaepTxpoaae~oro rasa,
T
oT ria-
% o6bemn.
-
a
TYPa.
CH2O
vana
o
cep.
%
o
~
/
C
vacb~
COQ
CnH2n I
CO
H~
CnH-n+? I
N2
255-400
0,4
75
2
On
4,4
biT 1
1,4
2,0
26,9
65,3
0,0
270-400
0,4
75 I
21*
4,4
2,3
2,4
126,4
I 64,5 I
0,0 I
-
~Tt bIT 2
430-800
0,2
40 ~ 3
11,1 0,0
11,2
76,2
0,9
0,4
96
465-810
0,2
30 ~ 4*
8,2 0,0
15,4
75,8
0,6
0,0
97
CocTas NcxoABOro rasa
0,5 4,8
1,5
7,0
86,2
0,0
-
IIpH COKpanjeHHH BpeM2HH KOHTBKTa AO 0,03-0,05 CeK. (KOH-
BepTOpOM CJIy}KHJIa y3KaSI KBapueBax Tpy6Ka) Ha KBTaJIH3aTOpe npH
400-500? Taxxce BblAe.nx.ncx yr.nepoA.
,I~nx Kpexnxr-rasa H ero McTano-~TaxosoK cppaxuHH, co,gepxcau~Hx
8-9?,0 onecpHHOB, BepxxHi3 npeAe.~ TeMHepaTypbt, npH KoTOpoI3 npo-
HcxoAH.no eu1,e sayr.nepo}KHBaHHe xaTa~IHSaTOpoB, cocTas,nxn HpI36,nH-
3HTeJIbHO 650-670? (cM., HanpHMep, Ta6n. 24, onblTbl 1 H 3). IIpH
6o1lee BbICOKOII TeMnepaType, HanpHMep, 750-800?, HaxonJ[eHHSI
yr,nepORa Ha KBTaJIHSaTOpe, Aaxce npH J;JIHTeJIbHbIX OnbITBX, He Ha6JIf0-
JjaJIOCb. OC'bSICHSieTCSI 3T0 TeM, LITO CKOpOCTb nHpOJIH3a OJIe(pHHOB
Kpei:HHr-ra3a H ero McTaHO-3TaHOBOYi (~paKLjHH Jj0 yrJIepOJja B npnCyT-
CTBHH KBTaJIH3aTOpa 1'1~Ar1-2 IIpH TeMnepaTypax xH13Ce 650-670?
npeBbIUIaeT CKOpOCTb ra3xc~HKauHH yrnepOAa. TOJIbKO npH TeMnepa-
Type BbILIIe 7OO? B3aHMOJjeLiCTBHe OJIe(pHHOB H yr.nepoAa c BoAxxblM
napOM H2C1'OJIbKO yCKOpSIeTCSI, LITO npeJjOTBpaIljaeT 3ayrJlepO}KHBBHHe
KBTaJIH3aTOpa.
YCTaHOBHB, LITO OH2CHaH B OTHOIIIeHHH BbIJ),eJIeHHSI yr.nepOAa TeM-
nepaTypHasl 06JIaCTb JIe}KHT B npeAenaX OT 3O0 j[O 67O?, MbI HCCJIeAO-
BaJIH pa3.IIHYHble nyTH ~[JISI npeAOTBpaIIjeHHSI 3ayrJlepO}KHBBHHSI Ka-
TaJII~I3aTOpa: CHHNteHHe KOHI);eHTpaI);I3I3 OJIe(~HHOB B HCXOJ~HOM ra3e,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
ysenx~Iexxe napuxa.nbxoro Aas.nexxx soRslHOro papa x Ao6asxy He-
60.IIbHIHX KOJIx~IeCTB KHCJIOPOJja.
B KpeKI3Hr-rase, BbInyCKaeMOM H3 6an.noHOB, COJZep}KaHxe OJIeC~x-
HOB KOJIe6aJIOCb OT 5,5 jj0 19 %. IIpx BbIAeneHxx x3 HerO yr.~eB0A0p0-
JjOB Cq-Cg nyTeM npeJl,BapxTeJIbHOI'O OXJIa}KJjeHxSI JZO MHHyC 70-80?
yJ~aJIHJIxCb BCe 6yTxJIeHbI x LIaCTb npOnxJIeHa, ~ITO CHx}KaJIO B 1,5-2
pasa o61uee coAepxcaxxe o.nec}~xxoB B rase. XoTx Haxon.nexxe yrne-
pop,a npx KOHBepCxx T1KOI'O rasa 3HaT-IxTeJIbHO 3aMeJ~JISIJIOCb, LITO
n03BOJISIJIO yBeJIxTIxTb npOJ1,OJI}KxTeJIbHOCTb OnbITOB npx 600-650?
OT 1,5-2 J>,O 15-20 ~aC., HO nOJIHOCTbK)npeAOTBpaTHTb 3ayrJIepO}Kx-
Baxxe He yAa,nocb. Ilpx coAepxcaxxx o.necpxxoB sblHle 10% MeA-
.nexxoe xaxon.~exxe yr,nepoRa Ha xaTa,nxsaTOpe npoxcxoAx.no Aaxce
x npx 750-800?.
OcyluecTS.nexxe npouecca npx 600? nyTeM nepxoAx~Iecxoro ~epe-
JjOB8Hx5I KOHBepCxx KpeKI~IHr-rasa x rasxC~xKaljxx HBKOnxBHIerOCSI
yr.nepoAa BOJZSIHbIM napoM x.nx B03J~yXOM OKasaJIOCb H2BbII'OJjHbIM
H3-sa COOTHOnIeHxSi npOJ~OJI3KxTeJIbHOCTx 3TI~IX npOl.[e000B. TaK, KaTa-
.nxsaTOp 3ayr.nepoxcxBa.nCSI npx6.nxsxTe.nbHO 3a TIeTbIpe ~Iaca, a Anx
rasxcpxxauxx BblRenxsmerocsl yr.nepoAa BoAnxblM napoM Tpe6osa-
,nocb B cpeRxeM 2-3 Baca, a npx npxMexexxx Bospyxa - oT 15 Mxx.
Ao 1 ~Iaca. IIoxxxcaBluaslcx B nepxoR rasxcpxxauxx (BCneAcTBxe oxx-
CJIeHxH HHKeJISi BOj[SIHbIM napOM x,nx KI~ICJIOpOjI,OM~ aKTHBHOCTb KaTa-
JIx3aTOpa 6bICTpO BOCCTBHaBJIxBaJIaCb npx npOnyCKaHxx CMeCx Kpe-
KHHr-rasa C BOJ~SIHbIM napoM, npxLIeM B030CHOBJISIJICSI x nxpO.nx3
OJIe(~xHOB.
IIpx Ao6aB.nexxx 10 x'Aaxce 15-20 o6~beMOB BoRxxoro papa xa
1 o6~beM xpexxxr-rasa xaxon.nexxe yr.nepoAa xa xaTa.nxsaTOpe (npx
TeMnepaTypaX, 6JIxsKI-IX K HOKasaHHbIM Ha pxC. 19) XOTSi H 3aMeJ~JIx-
JIOCb, HO IIOJIHOCTbK) x36e}KaTb HflKOnJIeHxSI er0 He yJjaJIOCb (Ta6JI. 26).
CJIej[yeT yKasaTb, ~ITO npx A06aBJIeHxx 60JIbIIIOrO KOJIx~IeCTBa Ha-
pa, ~ITO COKpaTxJIO BpeMx KOHTBKTa j(O X0,05 C2K., 6bl,nx 3aMeR,neHbl
He TOJIbKO peaKuxx nxpOJIxsa, HO x BsaxMOj[exCTBxe yrJIeBOjjOpOJjOB
C BOj[SIHbIM napOM, BCJIeRCTBxe TIerO COJZep}KaHxe M2TaHa B KOHBepTx-
pOBBHHOM rase nOBbICxJIOCb OT 0,6-0,9 ~O 4-5%.
I'asxc~xxauxx BblAenxBHlerocx xa xaTanxsaTOpe yr~IepoAa BosAy-
XOM npoxcxoAx.na 6blcTpee, ~IeM C BOJZSIHbIM napoM. ~TO n03BOJIAJIO
npeJjnOJI03KxTb, ~ITO HaJIx~Ixe He60JIbIIIOI'O KOJIxtIeCTBa KHCJIOpOJi,a
B xCXOJ(HOI3 ra30-napOBOI3 CMeCx, B03M0}KHO, npeJI,OTBpaTHT H2KOn-
.nexxe yr.aepoAa xa xaTanxsaTOpe.
Z[eI3CTBI3TeJIbHO, npx HenpepbIBHOYI Jj06aBKe OKOJIO 0,75 OC'beMa
BOSjLyXa Ha 1 06'beM McT8H0-3T8HOBOI3 (ppaKuxx, coAepxcasHlei3 ~-8%
OTIeC~xHOB, 3Ha~IxTeJ[bH0 3aMej[JIxJIOCb 3ayrJIepO}KI3B8Hxe K2TaJIxsa-
TOpa x npOAo~~xTeJIbHOCTb OnbITOB BOSpOCJIa C 4 j(O 70 ~IaC. (Ta6JI. 27).
KOJIxLIeCTBO KHCJIOpOjI,a, IIOJIHOCTbK) npeAoTBpauialoluee sayrnepoxcx-
Baxxe, sxBxsanexTxo, nosxAxMOMy, xonx~IecTBy BblAe.nxlouierocsl
yr,I[epoAa x n09TOMy 3aBHCHT OT COj[epxcaHxx OJIe~IxHOB B xCXOp,HOM
ra3e. HanpxMep, Ha 1 06'beM McTaHO-3TaHOBOI3 cppaKUxx, coAepxcaB-
weK 4-6% C?H?,,, 6bino AocTaTOnHO Ao6aa~IxTb X0,12 o6veMa
183
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6~ucla 26
Enxstxxe xs6aTKa eoAxxoro papa xa sayrnepo~cxaaxxe Kara.nxsaropa I'NAIi-2
npx Koxsepcxx meTaxo-3raxoeoH cppaKgxx KpeKxxr-rasa
(Cocras NcxoAxoro rasa: 0,3-1,5% C02; 4-7,5~o CnH~,t; 0,4-1,3% CO;
4-]0% H2; 82-89% CnH2i=+2)
Terenepa-
`? ~
Cocrae cyxoro xoaeepreposae-
~ $,
~ a
v
rl
r
H F
Moro rasa, ,u o6r,emH.
~ =
~
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x u
ap x
,
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o '?
a, x A
v o
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H2O,
~ o
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cex.
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1 3,8
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400-800
400
11 ~ 4,8
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II bI
1,5
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14,8
5,2
77
6
4
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375-800
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9*
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,
74,2
,
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,
0,4
I'asxcpNxauNx yr~~epoAa sosAyxoM s Te~exNe 1 uaca
465-800
475-800
150
150
5,5
5,8
0,3
0, 3
28 15,8 5,2
50* 115,41 6,4
78,6
77,8
0,0 0,4
0,0 10,4
100
1001 EcTb
I-a3N(~NKa1(NSI yr.nepoAa sosAyxoM s Te~iexNe 1 uaca
460-800
460-800
150
150
5,5
5,5
0,2
0,2
54
99*
16,4
16,8
5,6
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0,0
0,0
100
9()I ECTb
IasNCpNxauNx yr~~epoAa sosAyxoM s Tevexxe 1 uaca
460-800 150
440-800 150
430-800 150
470-810 150
5,5
5
5
5
0,2
0,15
0,15
0,2
104
133
140
154
17,2
17,0
17,4
16,0
3,6
3,4
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6,2
76,2
74,6
75,2
74,2
JZocrxrxyr Aonycrxmb~ii npeAen sayrnepoNCxaaxex xara.rtxsaropa.
3,0
4,8
2,8
3,6
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,0
KI3CJIOpOAa, a npH Koxsepcl3n Kpexxxr-rasa c 9-10"'0 CnHz,t oxasa-
.~acb HeRocTaTOnHOi3 Ao6asxa H 0,18 o6~beMa xHC.nopoAa.
IIpxcyTCTSne KI3c.nopoAa s HcxoAxol3 raso-naposol~ cMecx noHi3-
xca,ao o6u~ylo aKTI3BHOCTb HHxe.nesoro KaTa,nxsaTOpa npl3 400-600?,
B pe3yJIbT2Te rIerO yMeHbIIIaJICSI He TOJIbKO III3pOJII33 OJIeCpI3HOB, HO H
B3aHMOJjeI~ICTBI3e yr.neBOAopoAos C BO,I~xHbIM IIapOM. To.nbKO npx
700-800oHeIIpepbIBHBA Jj06aBKa KI3CJIOpOJja rlpaKTI3~IeCKF3 HenOHHN{a.na
aKTHBHOCTH KflTaJII~3aTOpa, nOCJIe HeCKOJIbKI3X OIIepal[HI3 ra3II(~HKa-
LlI3I3 BbIAeJII3BIIIerOCSI yr,nepoAa aKTI3BHOCTb KBTaJII~3aTOpa Aax{e He
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6aucla 27
BnxAxxe no6asKx Kxc.nopoga xa sayrnepoxcxxaxxe Karaaxsaropa rNA n-2
npx Koxeepcex meraxo-sraxoBON cppaKgxx KpeKxxr-rasa
06~eMHax cxopocTb 400. IIap : ras = 3,5-4,5
iemnepa-
C H
Bpem>
CocTas cyxoro xonaeprnposaxnoro rasa,
6~
n zn
s nc-
O,
oT na_
bemH.
% o
a
TYPa,
xoAnoM
ris
vana
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race,
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Hz
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of
0
5
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O II bI T 2 ~KBTa,iIN3
aTOp B
yAJIHHeHHOFI TCMnepaTypHOli 30He)
-110-800 5,5
0,065
23
10,4
12,4
70,4
1,8
5,0
93
Ecrb
440-800
5,5
0,125
28
9,8
13,0
65,7
1,6
9,9
93
HeT
450-800
7
0,065
47
9,0
14,0
68,6
2,0
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92
EcTb
450-800
8
0,125
61
10,2
12,4
64,8
2,6
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>
450-810
8
0,15
68
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450-800
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9,3 1
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2,2
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Eonbmoe
1'a3H(~}iKagHfl yC7epO~a B03J{yXOM B TefleHxe 35 MxHyT
395-800
410-800
I'a3xcpllKaullx yr~epoAa Ho3AyxoM H Teyexxe 30 Mx H.
455-800 10,22) 0,15 83 8,8 15,4 60,0 3,8 12,0'86 EcTb
435-800 I10,22)I 0,175) 86 8,8 114,2 159,0 3,8 14,286 >
I I I I i I I I I I
I'asHCpxxauxR yr.~Iepo,~a Ho3,gyxona H TeuexHe 40 MHx.
-130-800 h-6 0,175 88 10,4 10,4 163,2 1,0 15,0 95 Ecrb
ra3xc~xKauI1H yr.~epo,;a Ho3AyxoM H Teyexxe 1 vaca
-130-800 ~-7 0,23 ~ 1013) 9,4 11,8 59,2 1,4 18,2 94~ HeT
ra3H(~NI{ag41R yr.IepOJ~a B03j>;yXOM H Te9eHAe 40 MN H.
440-800
420-800
520-800
485-800
~7
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0,125
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113
118
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9,5
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67,5
71,4
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BmAenexee
yrnepoRa
na xaTann-
sarope
0,4 96 Fonbuloe
9,8 95I EcTb
9, 5
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ECTb
raa}I (~HKagHH yr7ep0j{a BOJjRHbIM ^apOM
0,1254)I 124
0,125 136
10,6
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73,4
66,3
1,0
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0,8
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1) Bea Ao6asxn eosAyxa.
z) Kpexenr-raa 6ea npeAsapnTenbnoro sbi~enein~a yrsesoAopoAOS C4-C;.
31 OF)"be ~1HaA CK OpOCTb 3~().
41 K racy Ao6a BJ1AJIn ~INC76111 KnC.ROpO?.
ECTb
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
I(ON60QCHA M0TaH0-3TdHOBON ~1p8KgHN KPeKNHP-I'a3a C BOJ(AHbIM HflpOM
Ha KaTa,nN3aTOpQ rNnn-2 IIPN $~0? H H3MeNQHNH o6beMHOL1 CKOpocTH
H KOJIH4QCTBd BOJ~AHOI'O I18pd
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1600
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0,6
89
>
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
CKOJIbKO yBeJII-fYHJIaCb. ~TO CJlej(yeT 06'bSICHI3Tb pa3pblXJleHHeM nOBepX-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
l IJ
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YcTpaxeHi~e sayr.nepo-
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JIHSaTOpa yKa3aHHbIM nyTeM
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
06Hapy3KeH0 He60JIbH{Oe KOJIH~IeCTBO yr-
.nepoRa, KOTOpOe, O,1(H8K0, He McH1aJI0
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HHe yr,nepoAa 6bIJI0 o6yc.nosJleno, no-
sHRHMOMy, coRepxcaxl{eM B nnporase
BTpoe 6o.nblHero, ueM B xpexnxr-rase,
KOJIH~IeCTBa OJIeCpHHOB, B TOM LIHCJIe OKOJIO
5 ?o nponH.nena H 6yTH.nexos.
ycJloBHxx HecpTxxoro nnporasa, coAepxcasHlero 25-27 % CnHzn
(Ta6JI. 29). Ec,nH npH 600? HxTencxsxoe sayr.nepoxcHBaHHe KaTa-
JIHSaTOpa 3aCTaBJISIJIO npepblBflTb OnbITbI n0 KOHBepCHH yxce Yepe3
5 Yaca, TO npH 800? KOHBepCHSI nI{porasa c 4 o6~belvlaMH soAxHOro
papa npoTexa.na 6es BCHKHX 3aTpyJZHeHHI{.
IIpH 9TOM ROCTHraJIOCb npaKTHLIeCKH nOJIHOe pasJ10}KeHHe yrJte-
BO,t~OpOjjOB H B KOHBepTHpOB3HHOM ra3e npH OC'beMHOI{ CKOpOCTH 6OO
OCTBBaJIOCb He 60JIee O,2-0,5 ?jo McTaHa. TOJIbKO npH OC)'beMHOI{ CKO-
pOCTH 1200 COJ~ep?KaHHe OCT2TOTIHOPO McTflHa nOBbILIIaJIOCb J~O 2-2,5 ~~~ .
nOCJIe OnbITOB ,i1,JIHTeJIbHOCTbK) OKOJIO 35 ~IaC. B rasonoRBORsIIueK
Tpy6Ke KOHBepTOpa H Ha HH}KHeI'I ~IaCTH CJIOSi KBTaJIH3aTOpa 66IJI0
Ha OCHOB3HHH npOBeJZeHHbIX OnbITOB
(Ta6JI. 28) HBMH 6bIJIH VCTBHOBJIeHb1 CJIe-
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nepaTypbi e KoHeepTOpe.
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nap :ras=4 1.
I~ICXOJ~SI H3 nOJIy~IeHHbIX 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHbIX JjaHHbIX, HaMH 66IJI
npeJ~JIO}KeH HOBbII[ CHOCOC HenpepbIBHOI{ KOHBepCHH McT3H0-3T8H0-
BOFI (~paK1(HH KpeKHHr-rasa, 3aKJIK)~IaK)IuHIICSI CHaTIaJIa B 6bICTpOM,
HpOj[OJI}KHTeJIbHOCTbK) He 6o.nee 0,03-0,05 ceK., Harpese HcxoAHOi{
ras0-napOB01{ CM2CH OT 4OO RO 75O? B OTCyTCTBHe K2TaJIHSaTOpa H
B nOCJiej[VK)LIjeII npaKTII~IeCKH nOJIHOI3 KOHBepCHH yr.nesoRopoAoB
npH 750-800? B HpHCyTCTBHH aKTHBHOI'O KBTaJIHSaTOpa. Z[OCTOHH-
CTBOM 9TOI'O CHOCOCa SIBJIHeTCSf B03M0}KHOCTb OCyLueCTBJI2HH5I npo-
uecca npH cpasxHTeJlbxo He60JIbHIOM Hs66ITxe BoRslxoro papa H npneM-
J[eMbIX J(JIA npOMbIH1JI2HHOCTH 06'beMHbIX CKOpOCTSIX; HeAOCTaTKOM-
TpyJjHOCTb 6bICTpOI'O Harpesa raso-naposoH cMecH OT 400 Ao
750-800? B Tpy6LIaTbIx ne~IaX CyLueCTByK)Luell KOHCTpyKL[HH H BOS-
MO}KHOCTb TepMHtI2CKOP0 pacnaRa OJIe(pHHOB noj( BJIHSIHHeM H2K0-
TOpbIX KOMHOH2HTOB B COCT2Be }KapOynOpHbIX CTaJIeN (HanpnMep,
HHKeJIH~~''.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~TO no6yAH.no HflC npO~OJI}KHTb pa3pa00TKy McTO~[a KOHBepCHI-I
CJIO}KHbIX yrJIeBOJ~OpOJjHbIX ra30B B HanpaBJIeHHH noA6opa xaTa-
JIH3aTOpOB, yM2Hb1IIaIOLLjHX CKOpOCTb nI3pOJII~i3a OJIe(~HHOB Jl0 yrne-
poAa H yCKOpHK)n[HX B3aI3MOj~eIICTBI~Ie nOCJIeJjHerO C BOj(HHbIM napOM.
Jlxreparypa
1. B. A. K a p xc a B N H, }KX11, 9, Ne 6, 24 (1932).
2. A. I'. JI e x 6 y ul, ,1ZNCCepTauNS1, MXTI~I NM. McHAeReeBa (1939); A. t. JIer~l6yw,
I'. R. b e p r o, }KXII, 15, Ns 5, 41 (1938); }KIIX, 13, 1003 (1940).
3. A. A. B B e A e H c x II x, TepMO,gxllamx~lectcxe pac~leTbl npogeccoB Ton.nNB-
HOI~I ^pOMbi ulJieHHOCTN, FOCTONTCXN3,1(aT, 1949.
4. B, A. I(apHCaBNH, I4. M. 5orycnaBCxx~, 3. M. CMxpHOBa,
}KXII, ]0, Ne 8, 31 (1933).
5. B. A. Kap}ICaaNH,A.I.JIe#6yu1,}KXII, 11, Ns 1, 34 (1934).
6. B. A. K a p m a B x x, ~KX11, 11, Ns 2, 31 (1934).
7. B.A.Kap~+caBxx,H.II.9.neKTpoHOB,XNMC'rpoH,Ne8,459(1935).
8. B. A. KapNCaBxx, A. F. JIeH6ym, B. C.O.nexeB, F. R. Eepro,
b. H. O B 4 H H H N K O B, }KXII, 13, Ns 3, 139 (1936).
B. A. K a p xc a B x x, A. r. JI e x 6 y ul, )KXII, 13, Ns 8, 455 (1936).
9. A. t. JI e N 6 y tu, CM. HaCTOflII1NN BbINyCK, cTp. 86.
10. B. A. KapNCaBNx, A. r. JIeli6ym, b. H. OB4NHHNKOB,
r.A.Maprynxc,)KXII, il,Ns5,45(1934).
1 I. b. II. K v p H N JI O B, A. r. JI e rl 6 y ul, TpyAbl I'I~IA11, Bbin. III, I'ocxNM-
NBAaT, 1954.
12. b. II. K o p H N JI O B, A. F. JI e ~ 6 y w, TpyAbl I'I'IAII, BbIN. 6, FOCXNMN3AaT,
1956.
13. A. F. JI e x 6 y m, M. A. TI ro A x o B c x a ft, TpyAbl I'I~IAII, Bbin. II, roc-
xNMNBAaT, 1953, cTp. 62.
14. JI. Q>. M a p e x, ,I~. A. I' a x, KaTa.nNTNUecxoe oxnc 7eHNe opraxN~lecKNx coeAN-
HeHNH, OHTI~I, 1936, cTp. 328-354.
15. B. W a e s e r, Chem. Fabrik, 12 Ns 15-16, 189 (1939).
16. E. B. P a K O B C K H 13, O. A. Ii y p N H o B a, M. E. P a K O B C K N N, XN-
MNft TBepAoro Ton,nNBa, 8, Ns 4, 347 (1937).
17. E. B. P a K O B C K N 1I, TpyAb[ MXTI~I, Bbin. 8, FOCXNMN3AaT, 1940, cTp. 91-
18. E. B. PaKOBCKNFI, O. A. EypxHOBa, }I(17X, 14, 449 (1941),
19. N. D a n a i l a, T. P i a t k o w s k i, Bull. Sect. Sci. Acad. roum. (Buka-
rest), 19, 1127 (1937).
20. J. W. Lang, Y. J. Morgan, Ind. Eng. Chem., 27, 937 (1935).
21. D. S. C r y d e r, D. J. P o r t e r, Ind. Eng. Chem., 29, 667 (1937).
22. ~. O. P a x c, K. K. P a li c, CBO6oAxble a.nNC~aTNVecxne paANKa.nbl, OHTI~I,
1937.
23. A.A.Ba.naxAxH,iax{Ra.ncx Ao 15?, H Ranee gepeg 6PblgrOyJIOBHTe.TIb, B3THbIIi
CpHJIbTp H MaHOCTBT nOCTynaJI B OnbITHbII3 aAcop6ep c aKTnBHpoBaH-
HbIM yrJleM.
AACOp6ep eMKOCTbK) 1 Jl npej[CTBBJISI,iI COCO}3 Tpy6y H3 HepxcaBeK)-
uteH CTaJIH RH2M2TpOM 3() ~4tk H Z[JIHHOIi 1500 M~Yt, CHa6xceHHylo py-
6amxoi~I; Rnx ox.nax{AexHSI yr.ax ~Iepes py6alHxy npoxoAH.rra BoAa,
a Bo BpeMx c(~aSbl perenepauHH nponycxa,ncx nap.
Z[.nx saMepa TeMHepaTypbl csepxy n cHHSy aAcop6epa 6brnH ycTpoe-
Hb1 TepMOM2TpHYeCKHe KapMBHbI. AACOp6ep 6bIJI CHa6}KeH TBKNCe
HC06XORHMOIi KOMMyHHKaIjHeI3 j[,JIg no,ga~H OCTpOrO (~lepeg yro.ab)
H r,nyxoro (Yepes py6aulKy) papa B nepxoR pereHepauxH yr.nx, ASIA
HoAa~IH o~IHU~enxoro rasa B nepxo,q cyiuxn H ox.naxcAenxx yr.>isl H A,~g
oTBOAa npoAyKTOS perexepauHH.
I'as npoxoAn.n crepes aAcop6ep cHHSy EBepx, nap B neplioA perexe-
pauHH noAasa.ncx B o6paTHOM HanpaB.nenHx.
YcTaHOBKa (CM. pHC. 1) BKJIrO~IaJIa TdK}Ke O~IHCTIITeJIb C aKTHBH-
pOB2HHbIM yr.neM eMKOCTbK) 1~ ll jj,rlSl OLIHCTKH raga B nepHOJj CynII(g
aAcop6epa.
Heo6xoAHMbI1~ A,rrx perexepauHli BoAsIHOII nap no.nyYa,>icx B cne-
uHa,nbxoM napoo6pasosaTe,ne H neperpesa,acsl B s.nexTponeperpesa-
Te.rie. Ko.nH~lecTBO napa, nponyHiexxoro ~lepes yro.nb, saMepxnocb no
o6'beMy no.ny~lennoro xoxAexcaTa.
Pery,nliposxa noTOxoB rasa H napa nponssoAH,nacb c noMOU~bIO
CHCT2MbI KpaHOB n B2HTHJIeH.
KOJIH~IeCTBO raga, npoxoAslruero crepes yCT3HOBKy, 3aMepSI.1IOCb
AHacpparM2HHbIM peOM2TpOM, P2CHOJION{eHHbIM Ha BbIXO,l{e H3 aAcop-
6epa.
BbIXOj[SIiIjHI3 rag PBCnpeJjeJlSi,IICH Ha H2CKOJIbKO 170TOKOB ,1~,1ISI aHa-
JIHga.
B COOTBeTCTBHH C IIOCTBBJIeHHbIMH 3aJ~aYaMH npOH3B0,1(HJIHCb CJIe-
AyloiuHe aHaJIHgbI KOKCOBOI'O raga j[O H nOCJIe BJjCOp6epa:
1. OnpeAeJlenxe o61uero coRepxcaxxx opranH~recxxx cepHHCTbrx
COeAHHeHHI3, THOC~exa H ceposoRopoAa.
2. OnpeAe.nenxe KOJIHY2CTBa 6eH30JIbHbIX yr.nesoAopoAoB H cyM-
MbI Henpel(eJIbHbIX yr.aesoRopoAoB.
13*
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
06ulee coAeP~anxe opraHHUecxoi3 cepbl onpeAe.nxr~ocb Me?roploM
OKHCJIeHHH rasa n36bITKOMOB HMYX,aag~gBaHneM H OK CJIeHHeM S02
nepaType 750? c noc~[eAy ui y
[(epeKHCbK) BOJZOpOJJ,a AO CepHOI3 KHCJIOTbI, KOTOpaSI THTpOBaJIaCb
paCTBOPOM II(eJI0uN2.
QrlpeJjeJleHHe COJ~eP}KaHASI THOCpeHa B ra3e OCHOB8H0 Ha KOJIHUeCT-
BeHHOM norJIOIneH13H er0 H3 KOKCOBOI'O ra3a KOHI),eHTpHpOBBHHOI3
cepxoH KIICJIOTOIi. Ilex 3TOM COJ~ep}KaHI3e JjpyrHX OpraHHUeCKHX
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cocTas, B
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
IIpN RNaMeTpe aRcop6epa 30 M.u H BblcoTe c.noft yr.nft 1200 ~c~t
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OT I-IJIFI Ra}Ke OT .
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
CocTas yr.nesoRopoAos o6paTHOro xoxcosoro rasa I'y6axHHCxoro
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6nu~{a 2
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onbiTO6 (Ta6,n. 2) cocTasxno 8,8 z/~u', a sa nepxoR sTOpoH cepxx
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
1~aK nOKa3bIBaK)T j[aHHble Ta6JI. 2 H 3, pa6oTa yr.nx Ha npoTxxce-
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LITO HBXOJjNTCSi B nOJIHOM COrJiaCHH C pe3yJIbT8T8MH HpOBeJ.[eHHbIX
paHee JIa~OpaTOpHbIX OHbITOBl.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
C.neAosaTe.nbxo, B HpoMbIHIJIexxblx yc,noBHax npx pex{HMe aAcop6-
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cop6uHH Hosso.nxeT pas.nxYaTb Asa HepxoAa.
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noc,ne aAcop6epa xa npoTSlx{exxx nepBOro nepHORa, xaK sxRxo Hs
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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HHKe 3 H HPOHyCKaJIHCb ~epe3 HOPJIOTHTeJIbHble CKJISIIIKH G C HeIiTpa.Tlb-
xblM pacTSOpotil nepeKHCH souopoRa. 06pasoaaBUlHi~cA HpH perexe-
pauHH cepHHCTbI~~ raa aAecb y,naB~nHBa,ncR H oxr~c,aa,neA Ao ceprroK
K>~c,aoTbl. THTpoaaHHe coAepxcHMOro Hor.noTHTe.nbxoro cocyRa uye-
JIOHbrO HO3BOJIS~JIO paCC~IHTBTb KOJIH~IeCTBO Bb1~7eJIHBflle>ICS3 Cepbl.
nOPJIOTfITeJIbHble CKJISIHKI3 C HepeKHCbFO BOAOpOAa CM2HR,,1H H TH-
TpOBaJIH Ka}KJjblld ~IaC, ~[TO j(aBaJIO BO3M0}KHOCTb C.P.eJ~HTb 3a ~IIdNdMI3-
]iON BbI,il,e,lleHNSI Cepbl.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
PereHepHpOBBHHbII3 o6paseu noAsepra.>icsl KOHTpOJIbHOMy aHaJIH-
3y Ha COJ~ep}{{aHHe CyJIbCpHj[HOI3 H CyJIb(~IaTHOI-i Cepbl. ~CnbITaHHe
aKTHBHOCTH H CepOeMKOCTH pereHepHpOBaHHbIX o6pasuos nor.noTH-
Te.nx npoHSSOAHnocb c asoTO-BOAopoRHOi3 cMecblo, coAepxcanleK cepo-
yr.nepoR, Ha onxcaxxoi3 panee~ ycTaxosxe.
PerexepauHH noABepra.nHCb pas.nH~IHble o6pasubl oTpa6oTaxxblx
nor,noTHTe,nei~I c coliepxcaxxeM cepbt oT 20 Ao 33%.
bOJIbLIIyK) TIaCTb 06pasuoB HacbIHja.nH cepoK npH 400? nyTeM
A.nHTe.nbnoro nponycxannx asoTO-BOAopoRHOl~I cmlecH, coAepxcarueH
800-900 BIZ; ~c3 cepbl B sHAe cepoyr.nepop,a.
HflCbIIIjeHHe cepoH HeKOTOpbIX o6pasuoB npOH3BOJ~HJIOCb yCKO-
peHHbIM McTOJZOM nyTeM 06pa60TKH nOrJIOTHTeJISI npH 400? napaMH
CepOVr,nepOAa B L[HpKyJISIuHOHHOIt yCTBHOBKe.
BdINAHNe TeMNepaTypbl Ha CKOpOCTb pereHCpal),NN
yLIHTbIBaSI Bpej[HOe BJIHSIHHe BbICOKHX TeMnepaTyp Ha CBOI3CTBa
nOrJIOTHTeJIH, He06XOj(HMO 6bIJI0 BbISICHHTb O~TIaCTb MHHHMaJIbHbIX TeM-
nepaTyp, npH KOTOpbIX B03M0}KHO j[OCTBTOYHO no.nHOe BblAe,iteHHe
Cepbl H3 OTpa60T8HHOI'O n0-
100 n rJIOTHTeJISi n0 peaKl(HH (1).
~JISI 9TOI'O 6bIJIa npose-
Aena cepxx onblTOS no pere-
7S HepauHH nor.noTHTenx npH
~ pas.nH~Ixblx TeMnepaTypax
a (oT 475 Ao 600?). B Kaxc-
u SD Z ROM, H3 3THX OnbITOB TIepe3
OJjHHBKOByK) He60JIbIIIyK)
C ZS HaBeCKy OTpaCOTBHHUI'O n0-
rJiOTHTeJISI N? 2* B BHRe
/ x KyCO~IKOB pa3MepOM 1,5-
2,5 ~,~ c co,gepxcaxxeM 20%
'~ "' "" cepbl nponycxa.ncsl BosAyx
8~1~?MAOlAHa4a/If1006//A0,40C6/ CO CKOpOCTbK) 7O RIKQC.
Pxc. 2. B,nnaxne TemnepaTypbt xa AnxaMnKy Ha pHC. 2 npeplcTas.ne-
st~plenennu cept~ ns oTpa6oTanxoro nor.noTxTe.nR Ha AHHBMHKa BbIAeJIeHHSI
Ne 2 npn perexepaunx sosAyxoM: CepbI (B % OT coAepxcaxHSl
1-TeMneparypa perenepagxn 475?; 2-TemnepaTypa pe- Cepbl B HCXOJjHOM 06pa3ue)
renepagnx 500?; 3-remneparypa perer+epa4Hn 550?;
4-zemneparypa pereHepagxx 600?. npH TeMnepaTVpe 475, 500,
550 H 600?.
B Ta6JI. 1 npHBeAeHbl j[aHHble O npOJjOJI}KHTeJIbHOCTH npouecca
perexepauxH nornoTHTe.nsl BosAyxoM npH pas~IH~IHbIx TeMnepaTypax
)(O BbIJjeJIeHHSI 95?~o HCXOAHOI'O KOJIN~IeCTBa CepbI B yKa3aHHbIX yC.AO-
BNHX OnbITOB.
KaK BNJjHO H3 nOJIy~IeHHbIX ,IjaHHbIX, OKHCJIeHHe OTpaCOTBHHOCO
nOTJIOTI3TeJI5i B03AyXOM C BbIJ~eJIeHHeM SO2 npOTeKaeT yxce npH 475?s
* CM. npegblAyn[ne coo6ulexna1.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
xoTSI cxopocTb BblRe.neHnsl cepbl npH sTOi3 TeMnepaType elue o~leHb
Maria. IloBbiuleHHe TeMnepaTypbi Ao 500? ycxopsieT peaxuHio 6o.nee
~IeM B 5 pas. IIpH TeMnepaType 550? npouecc perenepauHH sosAyxoM
13j[eT AOCTBTOLIH06bICT-
po: 98,5% CepbI MO- Ta6nu>ya 1
}KeT 6bITb BbI,Z1,eTIeHO B Bnxaxxe TemnepaTypw xa npoAonxcxTenbxocTb
yCJIOBAHX HaIIIHX Onbl- perexepagxx
TOB 3a 12 LIaC. BbICO- BpeMft, B Teve- BpeMft, B Teve-
KaH CTeneHb BbI e.ne- Temneparypa HNe xoTOporo TemnepaTypa Nee xoroporo
A perexepa[{xx, BblRenxnocb perexepagxx, Bb1AenNnocb
HHSI CepbI nOKa3bIBaeT, ?C 95% cepbl, ?C 95%u cepbl,
yacbl vacbl
iITO B H3yTI2HHOM HH-
Tepsa,ne TeMnepaTyp 475 248 II 550 I 8,5
npaKTH~IecKN He npo- 500 47 600 3,7
nCXO,i(HT CyJIbC~aTH3a-
L[HH 1[HHKa. TOT (~aKT IIOj~TBep}Kp,eH npSIMbIM aHaJIH30M perexepHpo-
BBHHbIX nOrJIOTHTeJIeI?I, B KOTOpbIX 06Hapy}KeH CyJIb(paT B KOJIH~IeCTBe
oT 0,3 ~0 1,8% (cM. Ta6,n. 8).
KaK BHJjHO H3 pnc. 1, HaYaJIbHble yrIaCTKH KpHBbIX perexepaul3H
RBJISIK)TCSI npH6JIH3HTeJIbHO npSIMOJIHHeI3HbIMH. PTO 3HaLIHT, LITO npH
,T1,aHHOI3 TeMnepaType B nepBbIFi nepHOJ; pereHepal[HH CKOpOCTb BbIJjeJIe-
HHSi CepbI OCTaeTCSf npHMepHO nOCTOSiHHOi3..IIHHIb IIOCJie TOI'O, K8K Bbt-
Ae~IHTCx 6o.nee 50-60% OT HCXOAHOI'O COAepxcaHHx Cepbl, Ha6JIK)J~aeT-
Csl 3aMe,11,.ReHHe npouecca, nporpeccxpyloluee no Mepe yMexbHleHHx
OCT3TOLIHOI'O COplepxcaHHx CepbI.
TBKOI-I XapaKTep H3MeHeHHSI CKOpOCTH BbIJZeJI2HHSI CepbI Ha6.nlo-
RaeTCa Taxxce H B onblTax no perexepauHH asoTO-sosAyuixoi3 cMecbio,
couep}ICatueK 1, 3 H 5% xxc.nopoRa, npH TeMnepaType 550? (Ta6.n. 2).
Ta6auc{a 2
CKOpocTb BwpeneHxA cepw npx perexepagxx orpa6oTaxxoro nornorxren6 Ns 2
a30T0-603j[yILHON CMCCbro npx 550?
KOJIN9CCT60 BbIJjeJIN6-
xIeE~CB Cepbl~ B 1 eac
CTeneHb
BQeMA OT
KonNVecTBO Bb1J{eJINB-
NIeI1CA Cepbl~~ B 1 4aC
CTfxeHb
BpeMft OT
Na4aJIa
uo OT Ha-
peCCHepa-
N,NN,
Ha4aJIa
OnblTa,
?o OT Ha-
pereHepa-
qNN,
onblTa,
yacbl
vanbxoro
9o
vacbl
NZ
vanbxoro
uo
ese
co,gepxca-
'
coAepNCa-
HNN CepbI
HNft CepbI
3
24,3
6,1
14,3
3
34,5
8,7
21,9
4
24,3
6,1
20,5
4
37,3
9,4
31,5
5
28,2
7,l
27,7
5
38,6
9,7
41,3
6
25,8
6,5
34,3
6
37,4
9,4
50,9
8
24,9
6,3
49,2
8
30,2
7,6
66,8
9
23,6
5,9 ?
55,3
11
20,3
5,1
85,2
12
20,1
5,0
72,0
14
11,0
2,8
96,0
15
14,7
3,7
84,5
17
3,4
0,85
100,4
18
9,05
2,3
93,0
21
3,45
0,9
97,1
24
1,2
0,3
98,3
? CoAepNCaxxe O~ B asoro-BOSAYwxoit cMecx 3,1%.
?` CoRepBCaxxe O> B asoro-BOSAywxo# cMecx 5%.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~TO 1103BOJIHeT CpeAHtoio CKOpOCTb BbIReJIeHHR CepbI B nepBblH Ile-
prloA perer{epagHH, KOrJ),a sTa CKOpOCTb OCTaeTCSI IIpHMepHO nOCTOSIH-
Ii0!'I, HCIIOJIb30BaTb K2K XapaKTepHyrO BeJIIItIIIHy. Ha30BeM ee H 6}~J~eM Bblpa}KaTb B ~~o B ~I2C OT IiCXOj(HOI'O
i~OJIHtIeCTBa CepbI B o6pasue.
3aBHCNMOCTb cicopocTH perenepaullH oT TeMnepaTypbl npH AyTbe
asOTO-B03JjyllIHOI~I CM@Cb}O C COj[ep}KaHAeM `~~o KHCJIOpOJ~a ,ijJIH ~(ByX
pasJINIIHbIX 06pasIjOB OTpaCOT2FIHOI'O nOPJIOTHTeJISI Ns 13* npHBej[eHa
IIa plrc. 3.
KaK BnJ),HO Iii pHCyHKa, I1pH TeMnepaTVpe Hn?Ke 500? CKOpOCTb
peaKl[I{H HesHaTlnTe,llbHa: C nOBbIIHeHIIeM TeMnepaTypbl OT 500 j[O
550? BbIReJIeHIIe CepbI yCKOpSIeT-
csI 6o~nee neM B 5 pas; erne 60-
460480 S00 SZOS40 560 Sd0 600 6Z0
Te~oepainypa, ?C
Piic. 3. B.~~H~H}ie TeM~epaTypbi Ha c[co-
pocrF. Bbl,ge.nexElg cepbl npx perexepa-
uwEt oTpa6oTaHabix nor.aoTHTe~aeu N 13
A30T0-H03JjyllIHON CM2C610 C CO,gepiK3HHeM
xlic~IOpoga 2%:
1 ~rmec~ ~ra6.RereponaHaoro e tUopmosa~naoro
~tor.noreTe.n~; ?-~?o Me, ychopernro-nac~~tt~eneaH.
Ha6,nlo,~aeTCx B HHTepsa,ne TeM-
nepaTyp 550--600?.
AHaJIOPH9Hbre pesyJlbTBTbI OT-
Me9eIIbI BbIIlIe n0 jjaHHbIM pe-
rexepauHH o6pasuoB nor,aoTll-
Te,nx N~ 2 BosAyxoM.
Ha ocxosaHnn npNBeReHHbix
BbIIIie pesVJlbTaTOB HH}KHIIM npe-
RenoM T2MnepaTypHOI'O pe}I{HMa
pereHepaullrl C,aeliyeT C9IITaTb
500?; npH TeMnepaType Ao 550?
perenepaulrx Mox{eT 6bITb npo-
BeRena c RocTaTOUIroi1 R,asl npax-
THYeCKNX L[eJlel'I CKOpOCTb10.
IIpH ouexxe Tpe6oaaHHH K
Be,nHxxxe cxopocTn npouecca pe-
rexepauHll c.aeRyeT IrMeTb B
BHjjy, ~ITO peKOMOH,i[yeMble n0-
r,noTHTe,nH, 6~aaroAapx cBOe>~
BbICOKOI~I Cep02MKOCTII, 06eCHe-
TIHBarOT 60JIbIIlyl{) J~,]IIITeJIbHOCTb
IieupepbrBHOi~ pa6oTb1. ;~,nA npoBeReHHx perenepaunn Mo>KHO pac-
nOJIaraTb IIpOMeN{yTKOM BpeMe]IH, II3MepSIeMbIM COTHAMH ~IaCOB.
,~JIff TOrO 9TOhb1 BbIHCIIHTb j~OH}~CTIIMbIFI BepXHH17 npeAe,n TeMne-
paTypxoro pex{uMa perexepaunH, o6pasubl nor~oTnTe,aeF~, perene-
pnpOBa}IIIbIX npH pas.IIHTIlIOA TeMHepaType, nCHbITbIBa.nNCb J~JISI O~IHCTKI3
a30T0-BO,'jOpOJjH01?I CMeCI{ oT cepoyr,nepoRa.
YCJIOBHA nCnbIT2HHII: TeMnepaTypa 4-00?, 061~eMllaSI CKOpOCTb
'?000 u 1000 06;'06. B uac npN BbtcoTe c,noR nor~oTnre,nR cooTBeT-
cTBenxo 10 II 20 cam.
IIo,nV~eHHbie pesy.nbTaTbl npeRcTaB~nellbl B Tao',n. 3 H xa pnc. 4.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Tci6.au~{c~ ~
CCp00MKOCTb CBP1KeP0 N Pef eHCpNp0B8HHbIX OGp331~06 IIOf 70TNTC~IA N I3
;, oT Heca
~icaop,~aoro
n or.noTnTe ~a
a,~ nornuni-
rc.ns~
Csei~niii ofpaseu Fis ~ne~THbix nap~~w4t
^~JOMbIIDaC'HHOI'O 413rOTOI3leH41H
T(1 }K(, IIGCIe ~E'C2H2~Jar1NN a30'IO-B03-
;~ymr~oH cmecbro np~~ 500-550'
To me, nocac perericpauut~ aso~ro-E3os-
,~ymHOH c~~ece~o np~i 500-600'
31,2
30,U
Ec,au perexepauNS~ npx TeMnepaType p,o 550? BblabisaeT xe6o~~u-
~uoe cxn}xexHe aKTHBxocTx x cepoeMxocrx nor,noTnTe.nst Ns 13 no
cpasxexH~o co cxexcxM o6pasuoM, ro xosr~-xlexHe reMxepar~~pbi pere-
iiepauxrt Ro 600? csRSaxo c Ra,nbxeHrxxM 6o.nee peaxnM xap,erixeM ah-
~rxBxocru n cepoeMxocrx nor.nornre.nR. IIosroMy >xe,nare,nexo, vro-
oe~ a xpouecce perexepaunx ^or,no-rnre,nb xe xarpesa.ncR sbnue 550?.
PHic. 4. ~iiHa~Eixa xai;aitiie O~- R O, xeue,ne0006pa3xo
~>>y~'o). npxmexRTb o6tieMxble cxopocTx
AyTbsr mexee 500-1000 o6jo6. B
~rac. I{aI: oy71eT xoKasaxo Ilx~ce, yse,nH~exHe cKOpocTr3 AyTbx xo-
3BO,nsieT cooTBeTCTBerrxo coxpaTHTb A.nxTe.nbxocTb perexepauxx.
220
3aBNCHMOCTb cKOpocTx pe-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
HepauHH 6o.nee aKTHBxoro Ho-
rJIOTHTeJIR N4 13 C IfaeblHHb[M
BeCOM 1,6 /C2~/l 3Ha4HTe7bH0 Bbl-
pHC. g. CpaBH2HHe KpHBbIX pHC.
HOKa3bIBaeT, LITO CKOpOCTb pere- 100
(,JjeJIaHHble Ha6JIK)JjeHHH HOKa3aJIH, vT0 CKOpOCTb BblAe~eHHSI Cepb1
H3 pa3JIH~IHbIX OOpa3L[OB OTpa60TaHHOI'O HOrJIOTHTeJISI B O,~iiHX H TeX
xce yc,nosHSlx He oRHxaKOSa (cM. prlc. 3).
jjHHaMHKa pereHepauHH nor.noTHTe,neil Ns 2 H 13 asoTO-sosRyul-
Ho13 eMecblo c coAep}KaHHeM KHC,nopoRa 3?o npH 550? HpHBep,exa Ha
B.IINAHNe CBONCT3 ROI'JIOTNTQJIA Na npogecc pereHepauHH
7S
ZD pocTb Bb1~eJleillift cepbl
i THTe.nH npeBbluiae~r cxo-
?~ pocTb Bbl~,e~nexHS1 cepbl
~ 40 - Ha Apo6.neHOro Hor.tlo-
S 10 tS l0 ZS
B~DCMA O?7 HQYQ1/a O/Ib//71a, 4lICb/
tibia nor:iarirm.~eii:
n'.norE~tc~u, .~~c 13; ?-uornor4ires~ .A5 `l.
rexepauHH oArloro H Toro x{e o6pa3iia Hor~oTHTe.nA Ns 13 ~Byx pas-
MepoB: 5x5 ~.~ (B BH~e Ta6.aeTOK) I1 1,5-2,5 ~aa (Apo6.nexble Ta6-
,rIeTKH). PerexepauHn Hposop,H,nacb B cooTBeTCrsHH c peKOMelIRye-
MbIM pe}KHMOM (CM. HH}Ke) a30T0-B03~yHIH01[ CMeCbIO C CORepiKaHHeM
I:HC,nopoRa oT 0,6 ~~0 20?u HpH 550? B Tetrexee 121-125 vac., ~1H-
HeI1Ila5I CKOpOCTb a30T0-
~~~ B03Jjy1IIll011 l'MeCI7 CO-
a? CTaB.TISITIB Q, 1 1 iYlr'C~'K.
BO ~~s pHC. ~ BH,r~xo, ~iTo
~ / 2 B Hepao>i Ho~noBHHe He-
o an nunnA nPrPUPnatiNld CI{O-
TaKHM OOpa30M, CKOPOCI'b
pereHepaLHH 3aBHCHT He TO.JIbKO
OT TeMHepaTVpbI H COCTaBa J~yTbfl,
HO HOT CBOHCTB HOrJIOTHTeJISI.
,~JISI BbIACHeHHSI BJIHSIHHSI Be-
~~iHtlHxbl 3epHa Hor.noTHTe.nx xa
j(HH2MHKy H HOJIHOTy perexepa-
I~HH 66IJIH rlpOBejl,etlbI B Oji,Hlia-
I{OBbIX yCJIOBIiSIX OHbITbI HO pe-
aKTHBHOPO HOPJIOTHTeJIR ,Nd 2 C
HaCbIHIibIM BeCOM 2,~ IC2~Jl.
['nc. 9. B.~~inxuc pa_;~iepa norao5~iire~st ~ti~ 13 nsi
,iniiamHUq~ pereiiepauNFi:
~--IIPoFi.neni,iii uur.au;~rrc.?u,; -ri6.ncrFCn ,~ua~icrhua~ n ,t v,
~~,~~~~>;"~; s ,,~.~~.
ZO 40 60 BO 100 120
BpenA om_Hauana onb/ina, uacbi
06->,O~j,~Z~ 3~ 4 ~% 20,6
Cadeprrre~ue /rucnoonBQ
BTOpoI?I no.noB~~xe He-
pxoAa pereHepauHH npH
HOBbIHIeH[IOM c0;1ep>Ka-
HHN KHC~10p0j[a B ayTbe
cxopocTb BbII1,e.nexHA ce-
pbr H3 Tao.neTOr. pesKo
~-Be.nHVxaaeTCU. H I: I:ou-
uv oHblTa creHellb pere-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Hepaul3H Ta6.neTOK H Apo6,nenoro nor,noTHTe.nx cTanoBHTCSI npH-
MepHO OJ~HH3KOB013.
KpOMe OnnCBHHbIX BbIHIe OnbITOB, A.nx nposepKl3 BJIHSIHHSi pasMe-
pa nOrJIOTHTeJiSi Ha nOJIHOTy pereHepauHn 6bIJIH npOBei[eHbI OnbITbl,
B KOTOpbIX B CJIOIi Apo6.nexoro MaTepxa,aa pasMepoM 1,5-2,5 ~tM
66IJIH 3aJI0}KeHbl L[eJIble Ta6JIeTKH H I[HJIHHJZpHKH CpOpMOB2HHOI'O n0-
rJIOTHTeJISi. TaKnM 06pasOM, nor.TIOTHTeJIb pasH01'O pasMepa noABep-
ra,ncx perexepauHH B U,I(nHflKOBbIX yCJIOBHSIX.
B Ta6JI. 5 npnBej(eHbl pesyJlbT2TbI OnpejjeJleHnI3 CepbI B norJIOTH-
Te.ne pa3JInYHbIX pasMepOB, perP.HepHpOBBHHOM B O,IJ,HHBKOBbIX yCJIO-
BHSIX.
KaK BHJ~HO H3 nOJIyileHHbIX j[aHHbIX, OCTBTOYHOe COJ~ep}KaHHe
CepbI B Ta6JIeTK3X H B (pOpMOBBHHOM nOrJIOTHTeJIe He npeBbIHIaeT CO-
AepNCaHHSI CepbI B J),p06JIeHOM nOrJIOTHTe.Re McHbHlerO pa3Mepa.
CJIeJjOBBTeJIbHO, Ta6JIeTKn pa3MepOM 5 X 5 ~Yt.Nt H (~OpMOBdHHbII3 n0-
rJIOTHTeJIb pasMepOM 4 X 4 A-t~t npn peKOM2HJ~yeMOM pexcnMe np0-
ueCCa pereHepl3pyK)TCA CTOJIb xce nOJIHO, K8K H J~p06JIeHbIF~I MBTepHaJl.
PCKOMeHJ[yeM61F1 pe}KNM pereHepal~NN
Co6,nloAexne peKOMeH,gyeMOI'O TeMnepaTypHOI'O pexcnMa pereHe-
pauHH (500-550?) OCJIO}KHHeTCH T2M, YTO npouecc SiBJIReTCH CHJIbHP
3K30TepMHTIHbIM.
TeH.nosoi~I 3(~(~eKT OKHCJIeHHSI CyJIb(~HJ~a L[HHKa KHCJIOpO,l(OM AO
Zn0 H 502, BbIYHCJIeHHbII3 HO TenJIOTBM 06pa30BaHnH1, COCT3BJIHeT
110 000 !GLIB Ha aTOM CepbI*
ZnS -{- 1 2 02 ~ Zn0 -}- S02 -{- 110 000 rca~
BbIJ~eJISIK)LueeCSl TenJ10 nORbIIIIaeT TeMnepaTypy, 9T0 BbISbIBaeT
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Tax, HanpNMep, npN o6~eeMHOi3 exopocTN 1000 06/06. B Yac oTpa-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
BblAenxnocb npx KoxuexTpauxx xxc,nopoAa 2% x TeMnepaType xxxce
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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548- 550
102
26,1
0,57
64,2
-
3 A30T0-napoeaft x a3oro-
B03JjywHaft CMeCb (a30T
c 2% Oz)
1,45
104
158
0,08
2000
0,5
500 - 550
132
29,5
-
22,1
24,2
4 A30T0-B03,AywHBA CMeCb
(a3oT c 2% 02)
1,45
106
158
0,08
2000
2,0
500--550
123
29,5
0,54
61,7
-
5 Ilapo-BO3Aywnaft cmecb
1,86
133
154
O,II
2800
0,5
548- 550
102
26,7
0,56
-
59,0
6 Bo3Ayx
1,82
79
90
0,11
4600
21,0
500- 550
119
21,0
0,23
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
AaHHble Ta6JI. g nOKa3bIBaIOT, rITO npH BCeX H3yLIeHHbIx yCJIOBHSIX
B pereHepHpOB2HHOM nOrJIOTHTeJIe OCTaeTCSI B BHAe CyJIb(~aTa OT ~,3
JZO 1,8% CepbI. OAHaxo npH OtIHCTKe ra3a pereHepl3pOBflHHbIM IIOTJIO-
THTeJIeM COJZepN{aHHe CyJIb(~aTHOH CepbI B HeM CHHNCaeTCSI AO nepso-
HatlaJIbHOI'O. B COOTBeTCTBHH C JII3TepaTypHbIMH JjaHHbIMH3, 3TOT (~aKT
HONCHO 06'bSICHHTb BOCCTBHOBJIeHHeM CyJIb(~aTa LjHHKa ra30M npH 4~Do.
Ta6aur~a 8
CoAepxtaxxe cynbcpaTHO# cepbr
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H axMCHOBa HNe xOrnOTNTenfl H
7CapaKTepNCTNKa er0 COCTOfl HNfl
Ns 13, np}+roroB~eH B .aa-
~OpaTOpNH H H2Cbin1eH
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Ns 2, npxroroB.nex B ,na6o-
paropHH H xacbnueH ce-
pou npn 09HCTKe KOKCO-
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6oparopnx N H2CbIHZeH
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cepoyr,nepoAa
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napTHH npoMbtH}neHHOro
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cepoyrnepoAa
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napTHH npOMbIIHJIeHHO}'O
}13rOTOBJ}eHHft, HflCbinjeHa
cepoH yCKOpeHHbIM McTO-
AoM
COCTaB AyTbx
Anx
perexepagxx
?~90T0-B03-
AyIIIHaft
CM2Cb
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CMeCb
riapo-sos-
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CM2Cb
nocne
perexepagxx
IIpH noBTOpxblx perexepauxxx xaxon.neHHx
THTeJIe TflKN{e He Ha6JIK)J~aeTCSI, TITO BHJjHO H3
(Ta6,n. 9).
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BH J[
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xoro Haroroane-
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nocne 1-~
pereHepagNN
0,4 0,9-1,6
nocne 2-ro
HeCbIIIjeHHH
cynbcpaTa B nor.no-
CJIeJjyK)II(HX ,gaHHbIX
nocne 2-#
perexepagxx
nocne 4-m
H3CbInjeHNB
~TQCXKQBT-
HO pemHe-
pxpOB2H1
0,4
23l
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
NcnwTaeee pereHepxposanewx nor.noTeTeneH
Pe3yJIbT8Tb1 HCnbITflHHI~i pereHepl3pOB8HHbIX nGr.ROTHTeJIeli (pe-
reltepauHx nposoAH,nacb npH 550? asoTO-BOSRyHIHOI~I cMecblo c coAep-
>iCaHH2M KHCJIOpOj(a, nOCTeneHHO H3MeHSIK)IuHMCA OT O,5 jj0 21 ~b~
Ha MOJjeJIbH013 yCTBHOBKe n0 OT~HCTKe KOKCOBOI'O ra3a npHBe,IjeHbl B
npejjblJjyHjeM 0006LueHHH1.
bbIJ10 HOKa3aH0, LITO CTeneHb O~IHCTKH KOKCOBOI'O rasa pereHepH-
pOBBHHbIM nOPJIOTHTeJIeM 6.nHSxa K CTeneHH OT~HCTKH rasa CBe3KHM
nOrJIOTHTeJIeM. BeJIH~IHHa Cep02MKOCTH nOrJIOTNTeJISI Ns 13 noc.ne
perexepauHH noHI3sH,nacb Ha 2-3?0 oT Beca nor.noTHTe,nsl H,/IH Ha
7-8% no cpaslleHHlo c cepoeMxocTblo csexcero nor.noTHTe.nsl. I1pH-
Mepxo B Tou xce cTenellH noc,ne perexepauHn noxHHCaeTCx I3 AHHaMH-
ileCKaSi aKTHBHOCTb.
Cep02MKOCTb H aKTHBHOCTb IIOPJIOTHTeJISI Ns 2 (MeHee aKTHBHOI'O)
B pe3yJIbT2Te pereHepauHH He CHI-i}KaeTCA.
~JISI npOBepKH CBOIICTB pereHepHpOBBHHbIX o6pasuos Hor.noTH-
Te.ax N~ 13, nOJly~leHHbIX npH pa3JIH~IHbIX yKasaHHbIX BbIHIe sapHaH-
Tax pexcHMa perexepauHH, o6pasubl noAsepra.ancb HcnbITaHHIO no
o~IHCTxe asoTO-BOAopoAHOI~ cMecH oT cepoyr.aepoAa Ha .na6opaTOpxo%I
ycTaxosxe, onHCaxxoH paxeel.
1~1CnbITBHHH npOBOJ~H1IHCb npH 4OO?, OG"beMHO~I CKOpOCTH IOOO
H 2000 H coRepx{aHHH cepoyr,nepoRa B rase 700-800 BIZ/~3 s nepe-
c~IeTe Ha cepy.
1-lOJIy~-IeHHble B pesyJIbTBTe 9THX HCIIbITBHHI~I 3HaTIeHHSI Cep02MK0-
cTH npxseAexbl B Ta6,n. 10.
KaK BHj[HO H3 Ta6JI. lO, CepOeMKOCTb pereHepHpOB8HI1bIX o6pas-
uoB xa 2-3?0 (oT Beca nor,noTHTe.ax) HHxce, ~eM csexcero nor,noTit-
TeJISI TOIi xce napTHH, ~ITO COBnaJ~aeT C yKa3aHHbIMH BbIHIe pesy.nbTa-
TBMH HCIIbITBHHII Ha KOKCOBOM ra3e. IIpH 3TOM pa3JIH9Hble HCnbITflH-
Hble BapHBHTbI pe}KHMa pereHepaljHH npH TeMnepaType, He IIpeBbIHIaK)-
Iueil 550?, J~aK)T npaKTH~IeCKH OJjHHBKOBble pe3yTIbT3TbI. B T-IaCTHOCTI~I,
BBeJ~eHHe B COCT3B JjyTbH B KaTIeCTBe HHepTHOI'O rasa BOJ~SIHOI'O papa
He OKasblBaeT Bpe,1~HOI'O BTIHSIHS~ISI Ha CBOI3CTBa nOrJIOTATeJiSi.
Ha OCHOB2HHI~I nOJIy~IeHHbIX JjaHHbIX M03KH0 C~IHTBTb JZOnyCTHMbIM
KaK J1,06aBJIeHne BOZ[SIHOI'O papa K a30Ty C ueJIbK) CHH?KeHI-ISI KOHueH-
TpaIjHH KHCJIOpOJja B CM2CH B nepBbllt nepHOj[ pereHepauHH, T8K H pe-
reHepaLjHIO nap0-B03JjyHIHOI3 CM2CbI0 6e3 npHMeH2HHSI a30Ta.
AHHBMHKa HOrJIOnjeHHSI CepbI (cM. pnc. 4) TaK}Ke nOKa3bIBaeT,
T~TO nOrJIOTHTeTib, pereHepHpOBBHHbIIi npH TeMnepaType j[O 550?,
JIHLllb HesHa~INTeJIbHO yCTynaeT CBe3KeMy.
1TOBbILIIeHHe TeMnepaTypbI npK pereHepaL~HH Jj0 6OO? BbISbIBaeT
Ra.RbHeIiIL[ee pesKOe CHH}KeHHe CepOeMKOCTH H aKTHBHOCTH nor~IO-
THTe,nsl (cM. Ta6n. 3 x pnc. 4).
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KpaTHO HCIIOJIbsOBBTb nOrJIOTHTeJIb. ,gJISI TOI'O iIT06bI BbISICHI3Tb, K8K
McHSIK)TCSI CBOI~ICTBa nOrJIOTnTeJISI B pe3yJIbTBTe IIOBTOpHbIX pere-
HepauHi~, o6paseu oTpa6oTaxxoro aKTHSHOro nor,aoTHTe.nx Ne 13
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
N onwTa
no Ta6nxge
N 7
Hacbmxoil sec
nornoTxTenA,
2/R
xa 100 z
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CMCCbK)(a30T C 2,0 % KNCJIO-
poAa)
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npoeaH aaoTO-
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(asoT c 0,5o/? xnc~aopop,a) .
ToT xce, perenepxpoaaH napo-
B03D,yllIHOi3 CM2C6}O npn 550?
TpexxpaTHO noRBepra.ncsl perexepaul~Ix r~ noc,neAylon~eMy r~ICnbI-
raHI~IIO.
Bce perexepagHi~I npoBORi~InHCb a3oTO-BOSAyuIHOI~I cMecblo npn
550?, a HCHbIT8HI35I B 06bITIHO HpI~IHSITbIX HaMN yCJIOBIIAX OIII~ICTKn OT
CepOyrJlepOJ~a. TBKI~IM 06pa30M, OJI,I3H H TOT xce nOrJIOTATeJib I3CnbITbl-
BaJICH B TeLleHne LIeTbIpeX II,HKJIOB. Ha 3TOM I~ICHbITBHHSi 6bIJIH IIpeKpa-
HjeHbl, XOTSI nOrJIOTI3TeJIb eu>,e COXpaHSIJI M2X2HH~IeCKyK) npOrIHOCTb
II CIIOCOCHOCTb OLII3LLjaTb ra3.
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uHH npxseAexbl B Ta6.n. 11.
Ta6~utfa I1
NSMCHCH HC CepOCMKOCTN HOrJ10TNTeJ1A F7OCJle HCCKOJIbKHX perexepagxN
xa1JaKTenNCTNIia
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N 13
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HO perexepnpo-
B8HHb1H (4-N
I(NKJI)
CePOeMKOCTb
n OrJIOTNTeJIA,
oT seca
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
1-lOJIy~IeHHble J~aHHble nOKa3bIBaK)T, ~ITO nOrJIOTNTeJIb M03K2T MHOI'O-
KpaTHO HCHOJIb30B8TbCft, npI-I~IeM nOCJIe Ka1KZ(OI~I pereHepaL[Hn cepo-
eMKOCTb nOrJIOTI3TeJIft BOCCT8H8BJII3BaeTCft Ha 90-95?o OT npeAblJjy-
u~eH se.nn~Inxbl.
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IjbIJIO H3y~IeHO BJInftHNe npouecca perexepaulH Ha cpnsn~tecKlde
CBOIdCTBa nOrJIOTI-ITe.TISI.
r10rJIOTHTeJIb Ns 13, npHrOTOBJIfteMb1I-I FI3 OTXOJjOB, COj(ep}KHT UKNCb
i~nHKa, nOJIy~IeHHyK) pa3JI0}xeHneM Kap60H8Ta L[nHKa npn 350?.
1'13BeCTHO, TdTO TflKaft OKIdCb I(I-IHKa 06JIa,I[aeT BbICOKOII JjI~ICnepCHOCTbIO
H 3Ha~IHTeJIbHO 60JIbLIleId y,ZZeJIbH013 HOBepXHOCTbIO ~70-$0 M2/2~,
TdeM TOBapHaft OKIdCb IjHHKa, nOJIyTIaeMaSI OKI-ICJI2HneM McTaJI~[a npn
BbICOKOII TeMHepaType (12 iYl2%2~5~ ~'
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HpOKaJIHBaHNId He I-I3MeHSIeT CBOei~t CTpyKTypbI, TO OKI3Cb L[I-IHKa, n0-
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350?, noc.ne npoxa.nldBannft npno6peTaeT 6o.nee xpynxonopncTylo
CTpVKTVpy, TdTO CBft3aH0 C pe3KIdM yMeHbHIeHIdeM yJZeJIbHOH nosepx-
HOCTHS~ 7.
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HaTHOI3 OKIdCH I(HHKa OT 76 Jz0 14-24 ~2/z s Id.nn OT 80 Ao 8 ~t2/z ~'.
BeCbMa BepOHTIiO, ~ITO 3TIdM 06'bftCHfteTCft Ha6JIK)JjaeMOe 3HaiIH-
TeJIbHOe naJZeHHe 3I~I~eKTId~BHOCTn nOrJIOTHTeJIft Ns 13 noc,ne npoxa,nld-
Baxnftl n,nn perexepauHH npn 600?. MO}KHO AyMaTb, uTO noHN}KeH-
Haft eMKOCTb Id aKTHBHOCTb pereHepNpOBBHHbIX nOrJIOTIdTeJIeI3 n0 CpaB-
HeHI3K) CO CBe}KHM nOrJIOTnTeJIeM T2K3Ke CBft3aHa C Id3MeH2HH2M n0-
pnCTOld CTpyKTypbI H yMeHbIIleHneM yJ~eTIbHOId nOBepXHOCTH.
1~13MeH2HHe (~n3HTdeCKI3X CBOI~ICTB nOrJIOTI3TeJlft B pe3yJlbTflTe pe-
rexepaunH BHemxe HpoftB.nfteTCft B yse.nn~IeHIdH HBCbIHHOI'O Beca
MaTepxa,ria.
1~13M2HeHHe HBCbIHHOI'O Beca o6pasua oRHOr%I NCXOJ~HOII napTHN no-
rJIOTnTeJIft noc,ne perexepauHH npH pas.nx~IHOM pexcldMe npnseAexo
B Ta6.n. 12.
Ec,nH nosblmexne Beca oTpa6oTaxxoro nor.noTxTe.nft no cpasxe-
HHIO co csexcnM o6vftcnfteTCft yse~nldvexxeM Mo.nexy.nftpxoro Beca
ZnS no cpaaxexldlo c ZnO, To NsMexexne Beca noc.ne perexepauHH, T. e.
HOCJIe 06paTHOI'O npeBpaHleHNft CVJIb(~nj[a B OKI3Cb, M03KeT 6bITb 06'bftC-
HeHO Id3MeHeHNeM nOpnCTOId CTpyKTypbI.
TIpH 9TOM, K8K BHjZHO Ida Ta6JI. 12, nJIOTHOCTb HOrJIOTI3TeJIft, pe-
rexepnposaxxoro c Ao6asxoH naps npn 550?, no~Tn pasxa n.noTHOCTx
nor.noTHTenft, perenepldposannoro npn ToH xce TeMnepaType asoTO-
B03,I[yHIHOH CM2CbI0 6e3 papa, H CpaBHNTeJIbHO HeMHOI'O BbIIIIe HJIOT-
HOCTId csexcero nornoTxTe,nft (1,34-1,36 BM2CT0 1,28). TaxNM o6pa-
soM, cocTas JjyTbft npN perenepauxN He BJIHfteT Ha (pH3N~Iecxxe csoH-
cTSa nor.noTNTe.nft; 3aTO nosblHdeHlde TeMnepaTypbl perexepauHH Ao
600? Bblssa.no sxauHTe~Ibxoe ysenH~rexne H.noTHOCTH. Ha6.nloAaeMOe
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6auua 12
BnxAxxe perexepagxx xa nnorxocrb nornorxrenx
CBeN{HH nOrJIOTHTe 16 .
ToT xce nornorxrenb
noc.ne HBCbInjeHNSI
Cep01i .
ToT }xe, nocrle perene-
pagxx asoro-BOSAyIU-
HOH CM2CbK) npfi 550?
Hacbrnaoit
sec
Ka, n
To xce nor,noTHrenb noc-
ne perexepauHH asoro-
naposoF~ H a30T0-B03-
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550?
ToT xce, noc.ne perene-
paunH npx 600?
HacbmsoN
sec
K2/R
Id3MCHCHHe IIJIOTHOCTN IIOPJIOTHT2JISI B 3aBNCHMOCTH OT yCJIOBAId pe-
reHepaLjHH Ka}KeTCSI B03M0}KHbIM IIOCTflBHTb B CBSI3b C IIpI3Be,1(eHHbIMH
BbIHIe JjaHHbIMI3 06 A3MeHeHHH aKTIIBHOCTI-I IIOI'JIOTI-ITeJISI.
P3CCMOTpHM T3KN{e JjaHHble O j[IICIIepCHOCTH pa3JII3~IHbIX o6pas-
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NCCJIeJjOBBHI~ISI~ (Ta6.r1. 13).
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(KOnnvecrso porno-
ll(eHHOFI Cfpbl, B ~ OT
seca HCXOJjHOI'O
o6pasga)
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JV? 13
187
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1
JV? 12
~
187
,
21
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348
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J~~ 13, perexepxposaH npn 550
HOH CMeCbEO
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300
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npH 550?
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npH 600?
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HON CM2CbK)
KaK BHj~HO K3 Ta6JIHubI 13, aKTHBHbII3 IIOI'JIOTHTeJIb N3 13, I~IM2K)-
H[I~iI3 CepOeMKOCTb 300, OT.nl~~aeTCx McHbHIHMH pa3Mep8MH KpH-
* Pa60Ta BbIn0.9HftrlaCb Hay4HbIM COTpyJjHHKOM b, r. TIIOj(KOBCKON.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
cTa.n.aHTa (187 A) no cpasxexHto c nor.noTxTeneM Ns 2 (348 A), HMeIO-
rr[nM CepOeMKOCTb 22?'0. 1-1pH 3TOM napaM2Tpb1 KpHCTaJIJIH~IeCKOI3 pe-
IlI2TKI{ B 060I-IX CJIyLraSIX OJZIdHBKOBb1.
PereHepallHft nOrJIOTHTeJIei'I Ns 13 npHBOAnT K yMexbulexxlo JjH-
CnepCHOCTH 3epHa n0 CpaBHeHHK) C HCXOJjHbIM 06pa31[OM (300 A sMecTo
187 A). HxTepecxo, ~ITO perexeprlposaxxbli3 nor.noTHTe.nb Ns 2 nMeeT
npxMepHO Te xce pa3MepbI KpflCTaJITII{Ta, ~ITO H pereHepHpOBBHHbIYI
nor.noTHTe,nb Ns 13, T. e. B 3TOM c,ny~Iae npoHCxoRHT pocT AHCnepcxo-
o
CTn n0 CpaBHeHHIO C HCXOJjHbIM norJIOTHTeJIeM (295 A BM2CT0 348 A).
OJ~HHBKOBaSI RHCnepCHOCTb pa3HbIX pereHepHpOBBHHbIX nor,no-
THTe,nel3, noBHAHMOMy, cBSl3axa c TeM, ~ITO B o6onx c,ny~astx BTO-
pH~lxo Zn0 no.ny~IaeTCx oxnc.nexxeM cy.nbc~HRa npH ounxaxosoM TeM-
nepaTypxoM pexcHMe perexepauHH.
Hcc.neAosaxne oTpa6oTaxxblx nor.noTHTe,nel3 Ns 2 H Ns 13 noxa3a-
JIO, 4T0 B OOOHX CJIy~IaHX OHH COCTORT H3 H3B2CTHbIX AByX KpxCTa,n-
J1H~IeCKHX MOJ[I3(~HKaL[I3FI CyJIbCpHJja IjHHKa-$K)pL[xTa H CC~aJIepHTa C
0
pa3MepaMH KpHCTaJIJIHTOB COOTBeTCTBeHHO 375 H 325 A.
BCe OTMe~IeHHble BbILtIe fpaKTbI COr1IaCyK)TCSI C JIxTepaTypHbIMI-I JjaH-
1IbIMH H nOJZTBep}KjjaK)T npej(nOJIO}KeHHe O TOM, ~ITO nOHHN{eHF3e aKTHB-
HOCTH B pe3VJIbTBTe pereHepauHH CBSI3aH0 C H3MeH2HH2M CTpyKTypbl
H OPJI OTHTeJI R .
BMeCTe C TeM N3 Ta6J[. 13 BHAHO, 9T0 OJ~H03Ha~IHOI~I 3aBHCHMOCTn
MexcRy CepOeMKOCTbK) H j1,HCnepCHOCTb10 OKHCx L[HHKa He CyL}(eCTBVeT.
TaK, HanpHMep, nor1IOTHTeJIb Ns 12, HMeK)HjHH TV xce j(HCnepCHOCTb,
4T0 H nOrJIOTHTeJIb Ns 13, 06JIaZ[aeT Cep02MKOCTbK) Ha 504~o M2HbIne.
PereHepHpOBBHHble nOr,,70THTeJIH TaK}Ke CyLIjeCTB2HH0 OTJIH~IaK)TCR
n0 CepOeMKOCTH npH OjjHHaKOBOn JjxCnepCHOCTH.
TaKHM 06pa30M, CyriZeCTBeHHOe paCXO}Kj(eHHe B2JIxT-IHHbI CepOeM-
KOCTH pa3JInTIHbIX 06pa3IjOB OKHCH L[HHKa, nOBnJ~HMOMy, HeJIb35I 06'b-
NCIIHTb TOJIbKO pa3JIHYH2M HX CTpyKTypbl, XOTH VM2xbrneHHe CTeneHH
p,nCnepCHOCTH MON{eT Bb13bIB2Tb nOHH}KeHHe aKTHBHOCTH nOrJ10TH-
Te.R H .
BbIBOJjbI
Pa3pa60T8H npOCTOII CHOCOC pereHepauxx O'rpa60T8HHbIX nOrJ10'
TH1'eJIei~i Ha OCHOBe OKHCH L[HHKa, 06eCneTrHBaK)LuHI{ npaKTHLIeCKH nOJI-
HOe Bblp,eTIeHxe Cepbl H B03M0}KHOCTb nOBTOpHOI'O npHMeHeHHSI nor.ao-
THTe.nei3.
Iloc.ne Ka}KAoH pereHepauHH cepoemxocTb H aKTHS}IOCTb nor.no7H-
Te,nsl BoccTaxaB.nHBaeTCSI xa 90-95`%.
Ha ocxosaxnH pe3y.abTaTOB nposeAexxblx Hcc~IeRoaaxHK pexo-
MexAyeMbIH cnoco6 perexepauHH oTpa6oTaxxoro nor.noTHTe.nx xa-
paKTepH3yeTCx c,neAyrou>;HM:
1. Perexepaui3x nposoAxTCSI oxHC,neHHeM ZnS B Zn0 cMecb}o Bo3-
1(VXa C nHepTHbIM ra30M B HHTepBaJie TeMnepaTyp 500-550? npH
06'beM}rOI3 CKOPOCTH He McBee 500-1000 OG~OC. B ~raC.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ileperpes BbIWe 550? seAeT x nollNxceHNlo cepoeMxocTN nor,noT11-
Tedl SI .
2. OTpa60T8HHbIF1 norJIOTNTeJIb BHaT3aJle BeCbMa 3HeprNUHO B3aN-
MOJjeI3CTByeT C KNCJIOpOJ~OM, HO n0 Mepe BbIAeJIeHNH Cepb1 CKOpOCTb
peaKL[NN npN npOLINX nOCTOSIHHbIX yCJIOBNSIX 3aMeJZJISIeTCSi. ~03TOMy
B nepsblH nepNOR perexepauNN, BO Ns6excanne neperpesa BblRe,nxlo-
H1,eHCH TenJIOTOII peaKLjNN, HeOCXORNMO NpNHNMaTb MepbI J~,IISI 3aMej1-
,ReHNSI CKOPOCTN npouecca, TOrAa KaK BO BTOPOIi nepuoR (noc.ne BbI-
~eJIeHNSI npNMepHO 60JIee 50~o Cepbl) H}~}KHO yCKOpN1'b peaKgNIO.
~Ta 3aJja~la peWaeTCSI nyTeM OrpaHNLIeHNSI N nOCT2HeHHOI'O nOBbl-
W2HNSI COj(ep}KaHNSI KNCJ[OpOJja B JjyTbe, a T8K}Ke N3M2HeHN2M T2M-
nepaTypbl B npep,e.nax 500-550?. 3asepuieHNe npouecca perexepa-
uI1N nor,aoTNTe,nx BosllyxoM npN 550? o6ecne~INBaeT RocTaTOUHyIO no~n-
IroTy BblAe,nexNSl cepbl.
3. B CBSI3N C TeM, ~ITO CKOpOCTb npouecca Bblp,eJIeHNSI Cepbl 3aBN-
CNT He TOJIbKO OT KOHI(eHTpaLjNN KNCJIOpOJ~a B ra3e N TeMnepaTypbl,
HO N OT CBOI~ICTB nOrJIOTNTeJISI, KOTOpble B 3aBNCNMOCTN OT yCJIOBNN
Ii3rOTOBJIeHNSI H pa60Tbt MOryT McHHTbC51, He npej(CTaBJIS1eTCR B03M0}K-
HbIM peKOM2HJjOBBTb CT2HjjapTHblI~i pe}I{NM pereHepaLjNN, T. e. TBepJZOe
pacnNCdHNe N3M2H2HNSI TeMnepaTypbI H COCT2Ba RyTbsl.
IIpN nposeReHNN pereuepauNN CJIeJ~yeT pyKOBOp,CTBOBaTbCSI N3JI0-
iKeHHbIMN 3JjeCb nOJIO}KeHNSIMN, KOTOpble 06eCNeLINBaK)T HaJ~e}KHOCTb
N 9I~I~eKTNBHOCTb npouecca.
4. IIo HaN6o.nee HaRe}KxoM_y pexcNMy, rapaHTNpyIOUI,eMy oT nepe-
rpesa nor.noTNTe.nR, pexoMexAyeresl Ha~INxaTb perexepauNlo npN
coRepxcaHNN 0,5?u Knc,nopoRa s AyTbe N nocTenexxo nosblulaTb
KOHIjeHTpal[NH> KNCJIOpOZ[a Z[JISI nOA,I[ep}KaHNfi nOC1'OHHHON CKOpOCTN
Bblj[eJIeHNSi Cepbl. IIpN 3TOM CKOPOCTb peaKL(NN N COOTB2TCTBeHIlO KO-
.'IN~IeCTBO BbIJjeJIHK)HjerOCSI TeN1Ta 11NMNTNpyeTCSf CO,gep3KaHNeM KNC-
~aopoRa. ,
5. IZpN OTCyTCTBNN a30Ta C TaKHM MaJIbIM CO~ep}I{aHN2M KNCJIOpOJ~a
B03M03I{HbI ABa CN0006a pereHepauNN:
a) COJ~ep%aHNe KNCJIOpOJ~a B RyTbe B Ha9a.llbHblFi nepNOj[ pereHe-
pauNN CHN%aeTCH jj06aBKOII COOTBBTCTB2HHOI'O KOJIN9eCTBa BOJjHHOPO
papa;
r~) pexoMeH~yeTCa xa~INHaTb perexepauNlo NMeIOU1,NMCS1 asoTOM
Ilpli MNHNMaJIbH01I TeMnepaTVpe, KOTOpaSI 06eCne9NBaeT CKOpOCTb
peaxuNN, cooTBeTCTayloluylo pacxoRy 0,5?~o KNC.nopolla N coAep-
xL,,,
rAe A-JjHHBMHYeCKBA aKTHBHOCTb;
a-CT1THYeCKaSi aKTHBHOCTb, HJIH eMKOCTb cop6eHTa;
{Z-HeHCHOJIb30B8HHb1I3 C,JIOH COp6eHTa;
L-06}I[aH BbICOTa CJIOSI COp6eHTa;
Lo pa6oTa}ou>;HK c.noH, T. e. pasMep 30Hb1, B KOTOpOI~I npOTeKaeT
npouecc aAcop6unH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
OTHOllIeHHe j~HHflMHYeCKOIi aKTHBHOCTH K eMKOCTH COp6eHTa Xa-
paKTepH3yeT CTeQeHb HBCbIHjeHHSI HJIH CTeHeHb HCHOJIbsOBBHHSi
eMKOCTH COp6eHTa B HpOL[eCCe j(HHBMHTIeCKOI'O OIIbITa
A
Y~ o -
a
1~OM6HHHpySI VpaBH2HHff (1) H (2), HOJIy9HM
Y~ = 1 -
(4)
(5)
jjHxaMHxa Hpoll,ecca O~iHCTKH rasa oT cepoyr.nepoAa H THOC~eHa
a KTHBHpOBBHHbIMH rJIHHBMH HsyilaJIaCb HBMH HpH pasJIHYHbIX CI~O-
pOCTSIX H KOHIjeHTpaI(HSIX aAcop-
60 6HpyeMbIX BeIIjeCTB HpH BbICOTe
>0 20 30 40
BaJCOma cnoa cop6eHmo[,cn
c.aox cop6eHTa 10, 20, 30 H 40 cam.
10 .90 50 70 Siff >f0
CNopoc~a eana,ruv/i~0.
PNC. H. 3BBHCHMOCT6 BKTHBHOCTN PHC. 9. 38BNCNMOCT6 CT2H0HN
BJ{COp60HTOB IIO THO(~12Hy OT BbICO- HBCbIH(eHNH aj[COP6eHTOB HO CB-
Tbl CJIOA: POYI'JIeDOJ(Y OT CKOpOCTH ra38.
J-el{TNBNpOBeHH61Ii CYME)IJHH; Z-flKTN-
BNpOBBHHbII'( 2CK3HI'JINH.
J~.nx yuo6cTBa 06pa~OTKH 3KCIIepHM2HTaJIbHbIX RaHHbIX uenecoo6-
pa3H0 Hpe06pasOBBTb ypaBH2HHe (3) B ypaBHeHHe HpHMOI~t JIHHHH:
ECJIH IIOCTpOHTb rpaCpHK, OTKJIaj(bIBaSI Ha OCH OpJjHHBT HpOH3Be-
AeHI3e A ? L, a Ha OCH a6cuxcc BeJIHLIHHy L, TO j[OJI3KHa HOJIyYHTbCSI
rlpxMax nHHHx. Ha pxc. 8 Hso6paxceH Taxox rpal)JHK, HOCTp02HHbIK
rt0 AaHHbIM aAcop6uHH THO(peHa aKTHBHpOBaHHbIMH ryM6pHHOM H aC-
K2HrJIHHOM. )ZOCJIe HeKOTOPOI'O HatlaJIbHOI'O KpHBOJIHHeI3HOI'O yYaCT-
Ka rpaC~HKH IIpH06peTaK)T JIHHeI3Hyl0 (~OpMy, T. e. 3KCHepHMeHTanb-
Hble J1,aHHble COrJIaCyK)TCH C ypaBH2HH5IMH (3) H (6).
AHaJIOPH~IHBA 3aBHCHMOCTb nOJIy~IeHa H Jj,nx Apyrxx ycnoBHH
onblTa, a Taxxce Anx c,ny~ax aAcop6uHH cepoyr.nepoRa.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
YpasnellHe (3) nosso.nxeT Aaxnble, no.nyvexnble s ,na6opaTOpHH,
nepeHOCHTb Ha aACOp6uHOHHble yCTBHOBKH 60JIbIilerO M2CIIITa6a.
~JISI Hsy~IeHHSI BJIHfIHHSI CKOpOCTH rasa Ha AHHaMHKy npOUeCCa
O~IHCTKH npOBeAeHbl OnblTbl CO CKOpOCTSIMH ra30BOI'O nOTOKa OT 18
Ao 106 .~s~ l cek.
3aBHCHMOCTb CTeneHn HflCbILLjeHnSI COp6eHTOB OT CKOPOCTH ras0-
BOI'O nOTOKa npH pas.nxT-IHOH BbICOTe CJIOx npeAcTaB.nexa xa pxc. 9
Ha npHMepe aAcop6uHH THOCpena. Cosepulexno axanornxHax sasxcH-
MOCTb no.nyT~ena H A.nx aAcop6unH cepoyrnepoAa.
C yse~IHTIeHHeM cxopocTH rasa Ko.nHTIecTBO aAcop6Hposanxoro
Beli[eCTBa 3a JjaHHblFi npOMe}KyTOK BpeMeHH B03paCTaeT, HO CTeneHb
HBCbIIueHHH H COOTB2TCTB2HH0 AHH8MI3TIeCKaSI aKTHBHOCTb COp6eHTOB
yMeHbIIIaeTCSi.
20 40 60 80 /OD >20 14D >60 >BD Z00 ZZO
BpeNn Becopduuu, a~[Hymoi
PNC. lO. AHHBMHKa JI,eCOp6gNH THO(peH3 IIpH p83JIH9H0}i
TeMReP~Type.
I~I3 pxc. 9 BnAxo, TITO npH BCeX CKOpOCTSIX ra3a CTeneHb HBCbIII~e-
HHSI cop6exTa B03paCTaeT C yBeJIHTIeHHeM BbICOTbI CJIOSI COp6eHTa, YTO
COrJIaCyeTCSI C ypaBH2HHeM (1). 1~1HTepeCHO OTM2THTb, TITO Ha pxc. 9
OnbITHble TOT-IKH, OTHOCSIILjI3eCSi K pa3JIHLIHbIM COp62HT8M-ryM6pHHy
H aCKBHrnnHy,- JIO}KaTCSi Ha OAHy KpHByK). I~IHbIMI3 CJIOBflMn, npx
OAHH2KOBbIX yCJIOBHSIX aAcop6uHH CTeneHb HBCbIIueHHx JjJISi OCOHX
BxAOB COp6eHTOB OAHHaKOBa. TOT (~aKT rOBOpHT OTOM, T3T0 KHHeTHKa
npouecca aACOp6l[HOHHOH OTIxCTKn He 3aBI3CHT OT CBOIICTB cop6exTa
H onpeAe.nsleTCx sxeulxel3 AHC~cpysne%I.
3aKJIK)LIHTeJIbHbIM 3TanOM HaIIIen pa60TbI SIBHJIHCb OnbITbI no pe-
reHepauHH OTpa60T2HHbIX COp6eHTOB.
PerenepauHx nposoAH.nacb nyTeM Aecop6unH cepnncTblx coeAH-
HCHHIi HarpeTblM B03JjyXOM npH 100 H 150?.
PesyJIbTBTbI OnbITOB n0 AeCOp6uHH THO~eHa C aKTHBHpOBBHHOrO
ryM6pHHa npH CKOpOCTH B03AyXa 53.u1Vt/Ce1G npeACTBBJIeHbI Ha pHC. 10.
AHaJIOTHiIHble KpHBble n0 AeCOp6uHH nOJIyTIeHbI Ii.~R Apyrxx ycnosHl~I
onblTa.
)!ls pnc. 10 sHAxo, PTO npnnaTbll3 cnoco6 o6ecneTaHBaeT nonnoe
BblAe,nenxe aAcop6Hposaxnbix BeluecTB. IIoBblulenxe TeMnepaTypbl
oT 100 Ao 150? coxpauzaeT BpeMx perenepaut3x Aix THOCpena B 1,5 pasa,
a A.nx cepoyr.nepoAa B 1,2 pasa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
CpaBHHTeJIbHOe HCnbITclHHe aKTHBHOCTH pereHepHpOBBHHOTO N
caexcero o6pasuoB COp~eHTOB nOKasaJIH, YTO CepOeMKOCTb cop6eH-
Tos noc.ne perexepauHH no,nHOCTbIO BoccTallaB.nHBaeTCSI.
B~ BoA~
1. I~Icc.neAosaH npouecc oYHCTKH rasa oT THOC~exa H cepoyr,nepoAa,
HBJIHK)IIjHXCSI rJIaBHbIMH npeJjCTBBHTeJISIMH OpraHHY2CKHX CepHHCTbIX
COe,ljHH2HHF-I KOKCOBOI'O ra3a, aKTHBHpOBBHHbIMH rJIHH2MH McCTO-
p0]KJjeHHI3 rpy3HHCKOi3 CCP.
2. B pesyJIbTBTe OT60pOYHbIX I-ICnbITflHHII pxRa cop6eHTOB, HaN-
JIyYHIHMH OKa3aJIHCb aKTHBHpOB2HHble ryM6pHH H aCKBHPJIHH, C KO-
TOpbIMH npOBOJjHJIHCb j[aJIbHeI-IHIHe HCCJIeJ~OB2HH5I.
3. Onpe,IjeTIeHbI (~H3HK0-McXaHHYeCKHe CBOI-iCTBa Ta6.TIeTHpOBBHHbIX
COp6eHTOB.
yCTflHOBJI2H0, 9T0 C yBeJII3YeHI3eM JjaBJIeHHSI Taf~JIeTHpOBBHHSI
CepOeMKOCTb ej[HHHC[bI seca COp6eHTa yMeHbIIIaeTCSI, YTO CBSISaHU,
nOBHJjHMOMy, C yMeHbLIIeHHeM nOpHCTOCTH COpheHTOB. PeKOMeH~[yeTCSI
npHMeHeHHe JjaBJIeHHSI 625 >ca/c~2.
4. IIo.nyYeHbl HsoTepMbt aRcop6uHH THOCpexa H cepoyr,nepoAa Ha
aKTI-IBHpOBBHHbIX ryM6pHHe H aCKBHrJIHHe npH TeMnepaType 2O?
B HHTepBaJle KOHL[eHTpaIjHH THO(~eHa B rase OT 5O J[O 2OO ~bt2/Jh3 H
cepoyr.nepoAa oT 200 Ao 700 ~z/~3.
5. YCTflHOB11eH0 H3M2H2HHe BeJIHYHHbI CepOeMKOCTH aKTHBHpOBBH-
nbIX ryM6pHHa H aCK2HrJIHHa OT TeMnepaTypbl.
6. B npHCyTCTBHH s.narH COp6eHTbi TepxK)T nOrJIOTHTeJIbHyK)
CHOCOGHOCTb n0 THOCpeHy H cepoyr,nepoAy.
7. H3yY2H0 BJIHSIHHe BbICOTbI CJIOH, CKOpOCTH ra3a H KOIIIjeHTpa-
uxH cepoyr.nepo,ga I-I THOCpeHa Ha J(HHBMHYeCKyK) aKTHBHOCTb COp-
6eHTOB.
8. OTpa60TaHHble aKTHBHpOBBHHble ryM6pHH H aCK8Hr11HH pere-
HepHpyK)TCSI npORyBKOI~I B03JjyXOM, HarpeTbIM Jj0 lOO-150.
9. AKTI3BHpOBflHHble ryM6pHH H aCKBHrJIHH MOryT HaI~ITH npHMe-
H2HHe J~JIR OYHCTKH CyXHX ra30B, B YBCTHOCTH, CppaKL[HI~I KOKCOBOI'O
rasa.
lO. H2O6XOj[NMa npOBepKa HCCJIeJjOBBHHOI'O M2TOAa Ha HpOMbtlll-
JIeHHOM ra3e.
JlerepaTypa
1? R. A. 3 e ,iI b B e H C K N H, A. H. I- p y 3 N }{ u e 8 a, TpyAbl I'I~IAI7, I`OCXNM-
NsAaT, Bb}n. III, 1954; Bb}n. V, 1955.
Z. I1eHTOHNTOBble r.nNHbl I~py3NHCKON CCI~, CCOpHNK CTBTeFI, Tpy,7,b1 I'p y3NHCKOrO
I'ocy,~apcrsexnoro reo,norNYecxoro ynpaB.neHNSI, Bbin. 3, T6x,nNCN, 1941.
~~. McTO,~bI ON peJ(e?7eHNA BpeJjHbIX BeH[eCTB B B03,D,yXe, rOCT 6505-50.
4. A. C. B p o y x, A. II. C N B e p g e B, XNMNH CepH NCTbiX COeJ[NHeHNN 3KNj(KOrO
TOn,~INBa, XNMTeOpeT, .IIeHNHrpaJj, 1937.
5. SI. A. 3e,nbBeHCKNii, C. IO. repYN KoBa, TpyAbl rI~IAII, Bbm. II,
1'OCXNMN3J(aT, 1953.
6. M. M. jj y 6 N H N H, ~H3NKO-XNMNY0CKN0 OCHOBbI COp6gNOH HON TOXHN KN,
OHTLI, 1935.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
KuxduBurnbt mexx. xai~>v h. A. !'EJIbHEPNH, J7. J7. PAIlOHOPT
OTMbIBKA OKNCN Y['JIEPOJ)!A N(NAKNM A30TOM
IIOJI}'9eHNe a30T0-BO,I~OpOJjHON CMeCn K3 HH3K000pTHbIX TOnJII~iB
H yrJIeBOJjOpO]jHbIX ra30B CBSI3aH0 C HpHMeH2HNeM xHC,nopoAa R,nsl
ra3HC~HKagHH 1~ Heno~Ixoro oK}IC.aexHSl yr.nesoAopoRos.
IIpH BblAe,neHHia xHC,nopo~a B3 Bo3Ayxa McTORoM r,ny6oxoro ox.na}K-
J~eHnft OJ~HOBpeM2HH0 HOJIy9aIOT ~OJIbHIHe KOJIn~IeCTBa a30Ta, KOTOpble
I-tCHOJI63yIOTCSf HeHOJIHOCTbK) N B 3HaLI}ITeJIbHOI~I T18CTI~I BbInyCKaK)TCSI
B aTMUC(~epy.
Ha,nH~He 60JIbll113X xo,nnuecTB oT6pocxoro a3oTa RaeT xaM Bo3-
MON{HOCTb paCCMOTpeTb 11eJIe0006pa3HOCTb N3MeH2HH51 TeXHOJIOPI~I-
LIeCKOIi CX2MbI KOHBepCNOHHbIX aMMHaT-IHbIX 3aBOj[OB, IIpNMeHHB Jj.TISI
OYnCTKII KOHBepTFIp062HHOI'O ra3a OT OCTBTOYIIOII OKI~ICH yr.nepolia
BM2CT0 Mej(HO-aMMnatIHOI'O paCTBOpa HpOMbIBKy er0 N{HJjKIIM a30TOM.
Ilpouecc norJlOHjeHHSf OKI3C}I yr.nepoRa }KHJjKAM a30TOM, K3K H3-
BeCTHO, HII~IpOKO IICHOJIb3yeTCSI HpH pa3JjeJIeHHH KOKCOBOI'O ra3a H
ra30B rHRpHpOB2HI~ISI M2TOJjOM rJIV60KOP0 OXJIa}KJjeHI~ISI.
IIOC,TIe (~paKIjHOHHOIi KOHJ~eHCaL~HH OTJjeJIbHbIX VrJIeBOJjOpOZ[OB,
BXOJ~SInj}IX B HCXOjjHb1I~ COCT3B KOKCOBOI'O ra3a, B OCT2TO~FHOII ra30BON
CMeCH CO,1(ep}KHTCSI (B ~~ 06'beMH.):
H~ 88-91
CO 5-6
N., 3--4
CEI4 0,5-1 ,0
IIoc,ne npomblBxH ee ~+cIIRxHM a3oTOM noR AaB,neHHeM 12 am~i
no.ny~laloT ra3osylo cMecb c,neAytoluero cocTasa (B ?,~o o6~beMx.):
Hz 86-88
CO ,~0 0,01
N1 12-14
CI14 0,0
nn '.fin O,~1
TaKHM 06pa30M, H3 BepX}fe11 ~IBCTH npOMbIBHOIi KOJIOHHbI IIpaKTH~Ie-
CKI-I OTBOJjI3TC51 6nHapHaSl CMeCb BOJjOpO,tZa I-I a30Ta, coAep~ICaH~asl Ro
0,~2% npHMecex, BJIIISIHH2M KOTOpbIX Ha paBHOBeCHbII-i COCTBB 9TOI~I
CFICT2MbI MO?KHO npeH26peYb.
EC.III1 eIlje y~IeCTb, ~ITO H B }KAJjKOM a30Te, flCHOJIb3yeMOM /~JIA OT-
MbIBKI3 OKACI{ yr.nepoRa, KOJIH9eCTB0 ^p}iMeCeIt TO}Ke He IIpeBbllllaeT
~,~JC~~, TO 09eBHJ~HO, ~ITO jjJI51 OnpeJ~eJIeHIISI COCTBBa CM2CH a30Ta H
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
,3oRopoAa noc,ne HpOMbIBHOI3 KOJIOHHbI MO}KHO HOJIb30BaTbCSI xMeK)-
HjxMHCH B JIxTepaTVpe OHbITHbIMx AaHHbIMx HO paBHOB2CxK) CHCTeMbI
BOAOpOJj-a30T.
~a30BOe paBHOBeCxe 3TOId CHCTeMbI x3yYaJIx rOHxK6epr, ~acTOB-
CKxH x rypBx~It, Py3MflH x uxHH2, 111TeKKeJIb x 1_1,xHH3, ~epH1ol~.n~
H Rp.
Ha pxc. 1 Hpej[CTaBJIeHbI x30TepMbI paBHOB2CHbIX COCTBBOB (~a3
BoAopoAa x asoTa A.nx TeMHepaTyp 78?K-90?K x AaB,nexxx 0=
-60 amp, a B Ta6JI. 1 HpxBeJjeHbl JjaHHble Cpa30BOI'O paBHOBecxsl
J~JISI Hax60Jlee xHTepeCyK)HixX H8C TeMHepaTyp 65?K-90?K x RaB.ne-
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!0 ZU JU 4~U ~U ou ~u ou .rv ~~~
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pe 77,5?K AaHHble Py3M8H x 1~xHH HO COCTZBy ra30BOYi Cpa3b1 Ha 8%
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x Aas.nexxx ]0 ; 30 amps
A~e-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
AHanHS 3THX 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHbIX JjaHHbIX n03BOJISIeT H8M Cj(eJlaTb
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cease npx nOCTOSIHHOM Aas.neHHx pesxo BospacTaeT. Tax, HanpHMep,
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napoBOH c~a3bl McHSfeTCSI McBee pe3K0, npHLIeM JjJISI BCeX H30TepM
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
nepaTypbl Mo~KeT 6bITb HeorpaHH~Iexxoe xo,nH~IecTBO paBxoBec-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Py9M8H H uHHH, HCHOJIb3ySI ,t(aHHble (~a30BOI'O paBHOBeCI-ISI 6HHap-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
KOJIH~IeCTBa OKHCH yr,nepoAa HMH 66IJI0 npHHSITO 50 A-t3 C}KH}KeHHOrO
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
B npHSeAexxblx HHxce pac~IeTax Ko,nH~lecTSO asoTa Ha 100 k~s
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K J~HBMeTpy. B 3TOM H2TpyAHO y6e,}~HTbCH, Onpe,i(eJIHB 3HaTIeHHSi K03Cp-
(~nI[HeHTOB CKOpOCTH nOrJIOH1,eHHSI Ha OCHOBBHHH OnbITHbIX AaHHbIX.
B. 1~1. ATpOHjeHK02. 3 peKOMeHJjyeT OnpeJjeJlftTb K03CpCpHL[HeHT CKO-
pOCTH nOrJIOn],eHHH OKHCJIOB a30Ta HjeJIOYaMH n0 ypaBHeHHxM Ilap-
THHrTOna H IIapxepa4, aTare Xexxe.nx~
In ~~ = K ? q ? Q (2)
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
rRe T-BpeMx Hor.noH~exxA, ceK. ;
K-K03(~(~HIjI3eHT CKOpOCTH HOrJIOHjeHHSI, HMeK)HjHI3 pasMep-
HOCTb 1 /C2K ? ~Y12 H HpOHOpIjHOHaJIbHbIFI KOJIHileCTBy OKHC-
JIOB a30Ta, HOrJIOH(aeMblX B OJjHy CeKyH,Tjy 1 .tit2 Hosepx-
HOCTH HaCaj[KH;
(/p-HaLIaJIbHaSI KOHL~eHTpal(HSI OKHCJIOB a30Ta B HHTP03HbIX ra-
3aX, Bblpa}KeHHaSI B JIK)6bIX 3Ha9eHHAX;
Cl KOHeLIHaSI KOHI[eHTpaL~HSi HHTP03HbIX ra30B;
CC-CTeH2Hb a6cop6gHH B j[OJISIX e,i[HHHgbI;
q-y,I1,eJIbHaSI HOBepXHOCTb H2CaRKH, ~2/~3;
Q-CB060jjHbII?I 06'beM HaCaj[KH 6aHiHH, M3;
U-CeKyHjjHblI~i pacxoA rasa B pa6oYHx yc.noBHxx, ~3/Cert.
CpaBHHBaSI ypaBHeHHR (2) H (3), MO}I{HO y6eJjHTbCSI, YTO IIOCJIeA-
Hee HOJIytIeHO H3 nepsoro HyTeM HpocTeHmxx Hpeo6pasosaHxi~I.
~[eIiCTBATeJIbHO
In ~~? _ - In co = - In (~? Co + Cll - - In (1 - a)
1'13 ypaBHeHHx (3) HOJIyYaeM C~OpMyJIy A,nsl HOJjCYeTa 3HaYeHHli
K03(~(~HIjH2HTa CKOpOCTH HOrJIOHjeHHSf K:
K - - 2,3031g(i - a) (4)
q?2
B Ta6JI. 1 IIpHBe,ZjeHbI K03CpCpHgH2HTbI CKOpOCTH HOrJIOLLjeHHSI K, paC-
C9HT8HHble IIO CpOpMyJIe (4) Ha OCHOBBHHH 3KCHepHMeHTaJIbHbIX AaHHbtx.
Tadnucla 1
I(03~KIjN2HTb1 CKOpOCTN NOPJIOIIICHNA
K.10~;, w T ~ ~,
M-2?CCK-' M~CeK CCIi. H J[OJIHX ,y,2 M3
EJ{NH NI{bI
0,795
1,182
2,775
0,1625
0,2438
0,6500
22,22
14,81
5,55
0,650
0,642
0,595
58,7
58,7
58,7
3aBHCHMOCTb K09C~CpI3gHeHTa CKOpOCTH HOrJI0II1,eHHSI K OT JIHHeN-
HOI~I CKOpOCTH ra3a B CB060,1(HOM CeYeHHH 6aHIHI~i HZeJIOYHOI'O HOrJIO-
HZeHHSI (j(JIH yCJIOBHH pa60TbI, Ta6nutyal
HpH KOTOpbIX HpOB0,1(HJIHCb 3KC- ?___________ , ,
~ 9 w 3xaveHH~ K?103, M 2?ceK 1
K? = 0,0041 ?ZV~ \"f M~CBK 3KCHEPNMCH-
T 8 JI b H 6I2 I13 C Y C T H bI C
rAe K-K03(~[pHL[H2HT CKOpOCTH
Hor.noHjeHHx; 0,1625 0, 795 0, 799
w-.nHHei~xasl CKOpOCTb ra- 0,2438 1,182 1,153
soB B CB060j[HOM ceYe- 0,6500 2,775 2,782
HHH 6auIHH, ,x/cert.
B Ta~JI. 2 HpHBejjeHbI 9KCHepHMeHTaJIbHble H paCYeTHbie 3HaLIeHHSI
K HpH .nHHeI3HbIx cxopocTxx rasa oT 0,1625 Ao 0,65 ~lcerc.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~, BJINAHNC KOHL4eHTp1l~NN OKNCJIOB a30T8 N CTeNCHN OKNCJIeHHOCTN
NO B NOo B NCXOJ~HOM rS3C H1 CTEN@Hb NOrJ101L~eHNA
IIpH HOH13N{eHI3H KOHueHTpauHH OKHCJIOB a30'Ca B I~ICXOJ~HOM ra3e
l'OOTB2TCTBeHHO yM2HbHIaeTC51 HapL[HaJIbHOe J~aBJIeHFIe OKHCJIOB, ~ITO
npHBOJ~HT K HOHH}KeHHK) CTeH2HH HOrJIOHjeHHSI.
B Ta6Ji. 3 HpHBeJ~eHbI J~aHHble HO H3M2H2HHI0 CTeHeHH HOrJIOH~eHHSi
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT KOHLleHTpaL[I3H OKHCJIOB a30Ta B HCXOJ~HOM ra3e
ilpH COJjep}KaHHH HHTpHT-HNTpaTOB B I[I~IpKyJIHpyIOH[I-IX pacTBOpax
186-247 e/~c.
KoNgeHrpaquN
NO+NO~,
'~ U6'bCMFi.
CreneNb
Nor.noulc-
,''J{CJIbHbII~I
ac-
Hec
TCMNepa-
rypa
CUCTaB pacrNOpa, za
-
ua
sxo,~c
Na
H~axo,~c
HNH,
~
`.~
p
raopa,
zicdtt3
pacTNOpa,
?C
CaOahTNNr,.
Ca(NO.)=
Ca(N03)_
CaCOg
0
94
18
0
81
0
1,135
28,8
6,1
103
83
19
,
0
62
,
16
0
,
74,0
1,203
32,0
6,1
103
114
47
,
47
0
,
14
0
70,0
1,199
33,0
6,4
100
116
48
,
40
0
,
15
0
63
0
1,195
32,0
6,4
103
108
48
,
0,34
,
0,12
,
6~i,0
1,204
32,0
7,5
121
126
54
KOHL[eHTpagHH OKHCJIOB a30Ta H3MeHSIJIaCb OT 0,34 Jj0 0,94?/0
00'beMH.
OHbITbI C COJjep}KaHH2M OKHCJIOB a30Ta B I3CXOJ1,HbIX ra3aX, paBHb]M
0,94?,0, HpOBOj[HJIHCb HpH VAeJIbHOM 06~eMe HaCaj(KH 0,72 ~L13/YYl
HN03 B CVTKH*, TIHHeFIHOH CKOpOCTH ra3a B CBOCOJ],HOM CeileHHH
0,325 ~Yt/CeK, BpeM2HH npe~bIBaHI3H ra3a B 30He peaKuHI~I 11, 1 C2K.
13Ce OCTaTIbHble OHbITbI HPOBep,eHbI HpH yAeJIbHOM 06"beMe HBCaj[KH
1,45 aa3/m HN03 s cyTKi3, .nHHei~HO~~ cxopocTH rasa B cao6oRHOM
ceveHHH 0,1625 ~lcerc i~ BpeMeHH npe6blsaHl~x rasa B soxe peaxuHH
22,2 ceK.
B Ta6.n. 3 npl~Bep,exbl MaxcHMa,nbxble sna~IexHx cTeneHH Hor,no-
HjeHHH. 1-IpH HOBbI1IIeHHH KOHueHTpaL[HH paCTBOpOB CTeHeHb nor.no-
HjeHHSI 3aMeTHO CHH3KaJIaCb. C.neRyeT OTMeTHTb, ~ITO HpH KOHueHTpa-
L[NI3 OKnCJIOB a30Ta B HCXOJ~HOM ra3e HOpSIJ~Ka O,3-0,4?~ HeyJ~aJIOCb
J~OCTNI'HyTb CTeHeHH HOrJIOHI,eHI3SIB $O ~? , JIHHlb B OT/~eJIbHbIX CJIYLIaSIX
~yJjeJIbHbIII Of17'beMHBCaJ~KH 1,45 ~Yt3/!I2 HNOg B CyTKH~ CTeHeHb a6COp6-
uHH COCTaBJISiJIa 7O%. r109TOMy a6COJIIOTHOe coRepxcaxl~Ie NO-I-NO~
B BbIXJIOHHbIX ra3aX 6bIJi0 BbILIIe CBHHTapHOI~I HOpMbI (0, lO?~ ~; MHHH-
MaJIbHaSI KOHL[eHTpaLjNA NO+NO~ Ha BbIXJIOHe COCT2BHTIa 0,120.
1-IpN COJjep}KaHH13 OKHCJIOB a30Ta B HCXOZ[HOM ra3e B 0,35?ro i~ HOBbI-
IIpN noACVere yAe.nbeoro o6beMa 6alNxN u~eno~HOro Nor.louiexHU pacxoR
HNTp03HbIX ra30B, 3KBNBaJ1eHTHbIN NPON3BOJ.~NT2JIbHOCTN CNCTeMbI a6cap6gNN (KNC-
.70THOH N Iued709HON~ B I iri HNO3 B CyTKN, HpNHHT paBHbIM I60 HMS B 4aC.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
IlleHI~II3 KOHL[eHTpa1[H13 HHTp13T-HI-ITpaTOB B I[HpKyJII~IpyK)Lu2M paCTBO-
pe Jj0 3OO ~~/t COj[ep1KaHHe OKHCJIOB a30Ta B BbIXJIOHHbIX ra3aX yBe,nH-
~IIIBaJIOCb AO 0,15?/0 ? Z[JISI yMeHbH1eHI~SI COplep~aHHx OKHCJIOB a30Ta
B BbIXJIOHHbIX ra3aX J[O O,1 ?/o HyN{HO yBeJIH~IHTb VJ[eJIbHble 06'beMbl
II aCaJ~KI3.
C.neplyeT OTMeTflTb, TITO npH BCeX HCCJIeJjOBBHIibIX HCXOJjHbIX KOH-
I[eHTpaL[HSIX NO-{-N02 B nOCTynaK)IIjeM ra3e, CTeneHb nOPJIOLueHI~IA
nOBbIHIaJIaCb HpH yBe,nH~IetII~III COOTHOll12HII5I HI~ITpIITOB K HHTpaTBM
B HOTIyLIaeMbIX pacTBOpax. PTO CBH,I~eTeJlbCTBOBaTIO O TOM, IITO CKO-
pOCTb nOrJlOHjeHHSI 3KBHMOJIeKyJISIpHOH CM2CH NO H NO~ 60JIbllIe
CKOpOCTH nOrJIOH);eHRA ~IHCTOII NOz. B 9TOM OTHOHIeHI3i3 npouecc
HOrJIOHjeHI35I OKHCJIOB a30Ta H3BeCTKOBbIM MOJIOKOM He OTTII~I'IaeTCR
OT npouecca nOrJIOHjeHHSf OKHCJIOB a30Ta paCTBOpaMn ej[KOI'O HaTpa.
~03TOMy CTeneHb OKHCJIeHHOCTI-I NO B N02 B HI'ITp03HbIX ra3aX,
nOCTVnaIOLuHX B 6aHIHK) IL[eJIO~IHOI'O nOrJIOH);eHHSI, JI,OJI}KHa 6b1Tb OKO-
.no 50%. IIpeRBapHTe.nbxoe oxHC.neHi~e NO B NO.~ uo 50?,o nponaso-
/~nTCH, KaK H3B2CTH0, B OKIICJII3TeJIbHOII 6aHIHe, VCTflHBBJIIIBaeMO1I
Me}KJ~V 6aInHSIMH KHCJIOTHOI'O K H1,eJIO~IHOI'O HOrTIOLueHHA. He06X0-
j[HMbIH j[JISI 3T014 L[eJII3 yJjeJIbHbIII 06~eM OKHCJII3T2JIbHOII 6aHIHII j[.TISI
yCTBHOBOK, pa6oTalouinx nOJj aTMOCCpepHbIM J~aBJIeHI3eM, 3aBI~ICHT OT
yCJIOBnI3 pa60Tb1 CIICTeMb[ KI~ICJIOTHOI~I a6cop6uHH H ,nex{HT s npep,e-
~aX 2,5-5,0 M3~lYl HNO~ B CyTKn. Ilpx nOBbIll1eHNH CTeneHH OKHC-
neHHOCTII 60JIee ~IeM Ha 5O?o yBeJIN~InBaeTCSI yJje.TIbHbII~i 06"beM K8I{ Ca-
MOH OKI~ICJII3TeJIbHOH 6aHIHH, T8K II 6aHIHI~I Ii[eJIO~IHOI'O nOrJIOIueHItA.
~11ft npOI33BOJ[CTBa HHTpHTOB Ha yCTaHOBKBX HjeJIOtIHOI~I a6COp611Hn
OHTI-IMaJIbHaH CTeneHb OKHCJIeHHOCTI~I NO B N02 Ha BXOJje B OallIHIO
H[eJIO~IHOI'O nOrJIOH~eHI~ISI Ao,ax{Ha 6bITb H2CKO.RbKO HH}Ke SO~o , T8K K8K
npOl[eCC OKnCJIeHnSi NO B NOz npOTeKaeT H B C3MOI3 6aHIHe. IIpH nOJly-
ileHHH HI3TpaTOB, B IIaCTHOCTH HI~ITpaTa KaTIbIiI3SI, CTeneHb OKHCJIeHHO-
CTI3 B 500 ABJISIeTCH MHHHMaJIbHOH. OnTI~IMaJIbHaH x{e CTeneHb OKNC-
JIeHHOCTH j[OJI}KHa OnpeJ~e,TIHTbCSI RJISI Ka}KJjOI'O KOIIKpeTHOi'O CJIV9aH
Ha OCHOBe TeXHHKO-3KOHOMHLIeCKHX paC~TeTOB.
IIpH BBOAe B nOr1IOTHTeJIbHyK) 6aHIHK) H2OK~CJIeHHbIX ra30B He-
nocpe~cTBexxo noc.ne 6aweH xnc,noTHOi~ a6cop6uHn, Heo6xop,HMbni
(A~x AocTHx{exnx pasxoi~I cTenenn nor.noluexnx) yAe,nbnblH o6~eeM
nOrJIOTI3TeJIbHbIX 6aH12H 6yAeT 3Ha~II~ITeJIbHO 60JIbHIe CyMMbI yZ[eJlb-
HbIX 06'beMOB OKI3C11HTeJIbHOI~I n HOrJIOTI3TeJIbHO1~I 6aH1eH, a nOTpe6HOe
KOJII~ILIeCTBO H8C8AKn yBeJIH4HBaeTCH B H2CKOJIbKO pas.
n03TOMy npOUeCC nOI'JIOB[eHnSI OKHCTIOB a30Ta H3 HH7'p03IibIX ra-
30B He06XO,i[IIMO npOBOJ~HTb B aBe CTaJ[HH.
3. $.1INAHNe KOHL~eHTpaI~NN HHTpHT-HNTpaTa KaJlbl(NA
B I~NpKy.nNpylowleM paCTBOpe Ha CTeneHb nOrJlowleHHS1
BbISiCHeHI3e 3aBI~ICHMOCTH CT2IIeHH nOrTIOHjeHHSI OT KOHUeH1'paL[NH
HHTpIIT-HHTpaTOB B 1[HpKyJIIIpyK)H),NX paCTBOpaX nMeeT 6o.nbmoe
3HaTIeHFIe j[JISI HpOeKTHpOBBHIIA, T8K K3K H03BOJISIeT npaBHJIbHO Bbl-
6paTb H 060CIIOBBTb COKpaHI,eHTie Vj[e1IbHOI'O 06'beMa 6allleH H1eJIO~IHOI'O
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
l H]eH, 06yCJIOBJIeHHOII COKpaLI~eHHeM
95 ~o,,,.,,o,~ ...... ......._
nor,nou~eHHx nyTeM nepexoAa oT oAHO%I cTynexH a6cop6uHH K
1(ByM. B nOCJIe,Z~H2M C.nyYae MO}KHO HpHMeHHTb OpOH1eHHe HdCaJjKH 6a-
HIeH IZHpKy,TIHpyK)HjHMH paCTBOpaMH C pa3JIHYHbIM CO,ijepSKaHHeM
HHTpnT-HHTpaTOB KaJIbIjHSI H, CJIe,I(OBBTeJIbHO, HHTeHCH(~HL(HpOBflTb
pa60Ty BTOpOI-i 6aIHHH.
a
85~ I I`~ a=100-0,>042?C ~ pacxoA 3JIeKTp09HeprHH Ha qHp-
'" ~ ~ ~ 1~aK nOKa3aJIH npOBej[eHHble HC-
i
70 - I rnr nnnav.x~, .......................- _ --
55 pu`evanue. ~ ~ (16) 60JIbHlOe BJIHSIHHe Ha CTeH2Hb n0-
y~?poi B cho6haz - ,
65 ^-3NCnep?ivenm?nn- ~ TpHT-HHTpaTa KaJIbLjHSI B I~HpKy-
BO N nb/e d?anbie (13 JIHpyIOHjeM pacTBOpe OKa3bIBaeT
3MHNpH9eCKNM VpaBH2HHeM
a - 100 - 0,1042 ?C
~. ~.:3aBBCt M ~ u~eM pacTSOpe B HxTepsa.ne oT 150
H~! i o,Tb npoueHTa a6cop6
unH oT cop?ep~Ka~{us~ xHTpHT-xHTpara B ,~j0 425 2~R nOKa3aHa Ha pHC. 2.
unpKy;~upy}ou{eM pacTBOpe npH: IZpn yBe.nHYeHHH KonueHTpa-
nnoTnocTU oprnuene~ 16 ,x:~~,x2.uac, co- L[HH HHTpHT-HHTpaTa KaJIbLjHSI B
Aep>xx!~4~H Ca0--6 z/n, xo!!geH?rpagex I~H K JIH K) eM paCTBOpe CTeneHb
NOtNO~ s rasax F~a sxoAe e 5am!aro- P y PY ~
0,95?0; c!:opocTe raga 0,325 M!cex; Bpeme- ^pi'JIOLIjeHHH ra3a yMeHbHIaeTCH.
uu npe6!,!sa!uiR raaou R eaca,ghe 6au~ea-
11,1 ceK. KaK BHj[HO H3 pHCyHKa, 3aBH-
CHMOCTb CTeneHH nOrJIOHjeHHSI OT
KOHL[eHTpaLjHH paCTBOpa HOCHT JIHHeI%IHbII-[ XapaKT2p H Bblpa}KaeTCSI
4 0 51 I ~ I I ~ ~ i I~~ 3asHCHMOCTb cTenexH norno-
HjeHHSI OT KOHL[eHTpaI~HH HHTpHT-
HHTpaTa KaJIbL(HH B I~HpKyJIHpyK)-
(6)*
rye v_-cTenexb nor.noHjeHHSi, ?,o ;
C-cyMMapxoe coRepxcaHHe HHTpHT-HHTpaTOB, z/~.
1-1pI3Be,i~eHHble HH}Ke 3HaLIeHHH CTeneHH nOPJIOHjeHHSI, nOJIyY2HHbIE
9KCnepHM2HTaJIbHO H nO,TjC9HT8HHble n0 ypaBHeHHK) (6), 6JIH3KH Me}K-
Av co6oH:
CTeneHb nOCJ10II~eHlift B % , n0.7y4eHHafl
sxcnepnMeera.nbeo 81,0 77,2 60,1 57,4
C,Ten2Hb n01'JI OIIjeHHfl B %, nOAC4}7TaH-
Haft no ypaeHeHHK~ (6) 80,5 77,9 62,7 57,1
KoscpcpnuxexT 0,1042 B ypasxexHH (6) cnpaseA,nHS JIHIHb npH
KOHL~eHTpaLjHH OKHCJIOB a30Ta (NO-I-N02) B HCXOJ~HOM ra3e n0 A Ka
0,95`'b ? ~[JISI J[pyrHX 3HaYeHHI3 KOHL[eHTpaL[HFI OKHCJIOB a30Ta B ypaB-
HeHHI3 (6) nOJIyYaK)TCSI HHble K03~HL[HeHT61. Oj[H8K0 JIHHeNHbIIi Xa-
'~ /'~'LOJIftpHOe OTHOllIeHHe HHTPNTOB K HNTpaTaM B gepxy.nnpy~oiunx pacTBOpax
xaxopH.~ocb B npeAe.nax oT 1,6 : 1 1Io 1,15: 1.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
paKTep 3aBHCHMOCTH CTeHeHH nOrJIOH[eHHSI OT COJ~ep}KaHHSI HHTpHT-
HHTpaTa KaJIbuHSf B L[HpKyJIHpyIOLueM pacTBOpe COXpaHSIeTCSI BO BCeM
HCCJIeJ~OBBHHOM HHTepBa.ne KOHueHTpa11HI3 OKHCJIOB asOTa (OT 0,3 j(O
1 , 1 %) B HCXOJjHOM rase.
Tax, HanpHMep, npH KOHIjeHTpaljHH OKHCJIOB asOTa (NO-F-NO_)
B HCXOJjHOM ra3e B 0,35?,0 (BpeMx npe6bIBaHHH HHTp03HbIX rasOB B
30He peaKltNH 22,2 CeK., JIHHeIdHaH CKOpOCTb ra3a 0,162 ~lceK, coRep-
3KaHHe aKTHBHOFi CaO 6,3 ~//l, HJIOTHOCTb OpOllIeHHH HBCaJjKH
16 ~Yt3/i412 ? uLtC) 3aBHCHMOCTb CTeneHH HOrJIOHjeHI~IH OT KOHueHTpaIjHH
HHTpHT-HHTpaTOB B uNpxy,nHpytouiHx pacTSOpax BblpaxcaeTCSI ypaB-
HexxeM
x = 100-0,1362?C (7)
rAe ~-cTeneHb nor,notuexHSl, ;o;
C-cyMMapHOe coRepxcaxxe HHTpHT-HHTparoB, z/n.
CpaaHHSasI no~-IyaeliHbie 3MnNpH~tecxne ypasneHHSI (6) H (7),
MONCHO CJjeJIaTb BbIBOA, uT0 BJII~IHHHe COAep}KaHHSI HI?iTpHT-HHTpaTOB
KaJIbLlI3H B uHpKyJlNpylOHjeM paCTBOpe Ha cTeneHb nOrJIOLueHNSi OKHC-
JIOB asOTa npOSIBJIA2TCSI CHJIbHee npH 6o.nee HI~I3KHX KOHIjP,HTpaL[HSIX
NO NOz B HcxoRxoM rase:
4. BJINAHNe HJIOTHOCTN OpOWCHNA HaCaJ[KN Ha CTCneHb ^OrJ10Hl,eHNA
3aBHCHMOCTb CTeneHH nOrJIOLIjeHH51 OT nJIOTHOCTH OpOH1eHHSi Ha-
Caji,Kll I~HpKVJIIIpyK)LuHMH paCTBOpaMH IIHTpHT-IIHTpaTa KaJIbIjHSI
Hsy'IeHa HejIOCTaTO~tItO. r10JIi1raJIH, ~ITO npH yBeJlH~IeHHH nJIOTHOCTH
OpOHI2HHSI nOBbIHIaeTCSI cTeneHb nOrJIOCueHHH H .ay~IHle yJ~aJISIIOTCSI
OCaJjKH C KepaMHYeCKHX KOJIeL(. B COOTBeTCTBHN C 9THM, npH iIp02KTH-
pOB8HH1i npHHHMaJIHCb 3HaLIeHHSI HJIOTHOCTH OpOIlleHHH nOpA,IjKa
35-40 ilt3/ibt2 ? KRC. C ApyrOH CTOpOHbI, B H2KOTOpbIX pa60TaX peKOMeH-
AVeTCSI npHM2HHTb 3HaTIHTeJIbHO M2HbLIIHe nJIOTHOCTH OpOHIeHHR.
TaK, B. A. 1~JIeBKe H M. A. MHHHOBHY, CCbIJIaSICb Ha j[aHHbie pa60Tbt OjI-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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269
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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HOFi Ca0 He j(OJI}KHa HpHBeCTH K 06pa30B8HHK) JjBOIIHbIX COJIeI3.
lI0 yCJIOBHAM MflTepHaJIbHOI'O 6a.naHCa, JjJISI HOJIy~IeHHSI KOHIjeHTpH-
pOBBHHbIX paCTBOpOB Ca0 He06XOj(HMO HpHMeHHTb I33BeCTKOBOe
MOJIOKO HOBbILIIeHHOH KOHIjeHTpaLjHH. TaK, HaIIpHMep, J~JISI HOJIy-
~IeHI~x uHpxy.nHpyloH~ero pacTSOpa, coRepxcauLero 7,5 z/n aKTHBHON
CaO, 266 z/~ Ca(N02)2 x 190 z/n (NOS)?, Ko.nH~IecTBO Ca0 B HcxoAHOM
H3B2CTKOBOM MOJIOKe J1,OJI}KHO 6bITb paBHO:
~,5 + 132' 56 + 164' 56 = 7,5 -I- 112,8 -{- 64,9 = 185,2 z/~
I-1T06bt HOJIy~IHTb 6o~nee KOHueHTpI3pOB8HHble paCTBOpb[, He06XOAHMO
HpHMeHSITb I~i3BeCTKOBOe MOJIOKO C COZ[ep}I{aHHeM Ca0 B 200 Z/R H
BbIHIe. IIpH HyCKe CHCTeMbI Ha TaKOM. KOHI[eHTpHpOB2HHOM H3BeCTKO-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
BOM MOJIOKe HeH36e}KHO 06pa30B8HHe J~BOFIH6IX COJleli H 3aKynOpKa
6aHIHH H KOMMyHHKaLtHH.
~eHCTBHTeJIbHO, npHCOAepxcaHHH 205 2/~ Ca0 B HCXOJtHOM MO.nO-
xe, pacTBOp c KoliueHTpauxeH B 232 z/~e Ca(N02)2 H 178 z/n Ca(NU3)2
no.ny~IaeTCx npH coAepxcaHHH axTHBHOH Ca0 B uxpxy.nHpylolueM
pacTBOpe, paBHOM
205 - 132' 56 X64' 56 = 205 - 98,42 - 60,78 = 45,8 z/~
1-10 npx T2KOki KOHC[eHTpaitHH aKTHBHOI3 Ca0 OC)pa3yK)TCSI p,BOH-
Hb1e COJIH H npOHCXOjtHT 3aTBepJjeBBHHe paCTBOpa (CM. Ta6JI. 8).
113 H3JI0}KeHHOI'O BblllIe CJlejtyeT, TITO JZJIx I-i36e]KaHnSI 3aKynopKH
annapaTypbI (BCJIeJ~CTBHe 06pa30BflHHSI JjBOHHbIX COJIe13) nyCK CHCTe-
MbI B pa6oTy Bo Bcex c.nyuaxx Ao.nxceH npOBOJ~HTbCSI Ha I33B2CTKOBOM
MOJIOKe nOHH3KeHH013 KOHLteHTpauHH C 061LtHM COltep}KaHHeM Ca0 He
Bbluie 150 z/n.
KorAa ~ICe no Mepe HeiiTpanHSauHH co~epxcanxe Ca0 s unpxy.nH-
pyloiueM pacTBOpe 6yAeT ,uoseAexo Ao 5-8 z!n CaO, Mo~ICxo Ha~IH-
HBTb Jt03HpOBKy KOHLteHTpHpOBBHHOI'O pacTBOpa H3BCCTKOBOI'O MO-
JIOKa.
IIoRltepxcHBasl coRepxcaHHe axTHBxoH Ca0 s npouecce pa6oTb1
s npeAe,nax 5-8 z% ~t, AOBOItsIT KOHLIeHTpaLtHK) HI3TpHT-HHTpaTa Ka11b-
LjHSI B pacTBOpe Ro Tpe6yeMOro sxa~IexHSI.
r[pHM2HHSI TBKOH pe}KHM pa60TbI, MO}KHO H36e}KaTb 3aKynopKH
CHCTeMbI Raxce npH no.nyvexxH paCTBOpOB C KOHL[eHTpal[HeH HHTpIIT-
HHTpaTOS Ao 500 z/~c.
IIpH coAepxcaxHH HHTpHT-xHTpaTOS Ao 250 z/ n ~acTO Ha6.nloua.nocb
cna6oe nexoo6pasosaxxe. IIpH nosbluleHHH xoxueHTpauxH pacTBO-
poB nexoo6pasosaHHe ycnnHBanocb, Ho He McHlano HopManbxoi3 pa-
6oTe.
KorAa }Ke (no xaxHM-nH6o npH~IHHaM) pacTBOp cTaxoBHncx HeH-
TpaJIbHbIM HJIH CJIa60KHCJIbIM, Ha6JIK)AaJIOCb CHJIbHOe BCIIeHHBBHHe,
npxaOAHBluee K nepe6oxM B pa6oTe uHpKyJIH1[HOHHOTO H2000a (H1-
COC to~IHOro nor,no-
II(eHHSi. 1-1pHHHMaeM, T~TO CTeneHb KHCJIOTHOPO nOTJIOII~eHHSI paBHa
92?0, coRepxcaHHe NO-I-NO~ B HHTposxblx rasax Ha sxoRe B 6aLHHK)
Iue,no~IHOro nor,nou~eHHx 0,80, yAe~IbnblH pacxoR rasoB Ha BxoAe B
6aLHHIO 3800 k~3 xa 1 m npoAyKTa (xHC,noTHOe H LLje.no~rHOe nor,no-
LLienxe BMecTe) B nepecueTe Ha MonorHRpaT HN03. 061I~ax cTenenb
rtor,noH~eHHSI oKHCnos asoTa B cHCTeMe cocTaB.rixeT 99% n coAepxcaHHe
NO-}-NO.,,, B BbIXJIOHHbIX ra3aX paBHO O,1 ~'0 06'beMH. (CBHHTapHaSi
HOPMa).
1-I3 Bap H a H T. BaLnHx njeTIOLIHOI'O nOrJlOnjeHHSI, OpOIHaeMaSI
paCTBOpOM, CO~[ep}KaLI(HM 3OO 2/Jl HHTpHT-HHTpaTa KadlbL[nSi H 06eCne-
~IHBaIOH~ax o~IHCTxy ra3a Ao coAep}KaHI3sI NO-I-NO~ s 0,1 ?rb o6veMH.
B BbIXJIOHHbIX ra3aX, nepesoAHTCx Ha opoluexHe pacTBOpoM HHTpnT-
HHTpaTa KaJIbIjHA C COj[epN{aHneM 450 z/n. ~KCTpano,nHpyx no.nyYeH-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Hble HBMH JjaHHble, MO}KHO paCCTIHTBTb, ~ITO coAepxcaHHe NO+NOz
B BbIXJIOHHbIX ra3aX yBeJIHTIHTCSI Jj0 O,`Z6 ~ BMeCTO O, 1 ~~ 06'beMH. n0
CBHHTapHOI3 HOpMe. II03TOMy yKa3aHHbII%I BapH2HT pa60TbI COBepHIeH-
HO HeHpHeMJIeM.
npeJjCT2BJISIeT OnpeJjeJIeHHbII3 HHTepeC nposepxa 3TOro BapHaliTa
C 3KOHOMH~IeCKOIi TO~IKH 3peHHSI. O6Hi,ax CTeneHh nOrJIOHjeHHSI ~KHC-
J10THOI'O H Hje,TIO~IHOI'O~ npH 9TOM BapHBHTe nOHH3KaeTCSi C 99 J~O
97,4 ~ . AOHOJIHHTeJIbHaff nOTepH OKHCJIOB a30Ta C BbIXJIOHHbIMH ra-
3aMI3 paBHa:
3800? (0,26-0.1)
TaK KflK KOJIH~IeCTBU OKHCJIOB a30Ta, yJI3BJIHBaeMbIX B 6aHIHe Hje-
JI09HOI'O nOrJIOHjeHHSI, COCTBBJISIeT BCerO rJ, rJ ~o OT 06Hjer0 KOJIH~IeCTBa
OKHCJIOB noc.ne C2TOK KOHTBKTHbIX aHnapaTOB, TO nOTepH OKHCJIOB
a30Ta, UTH2C2HHble K Oj1,HOI~t TOHHe CyXOI~I COJIH, COCTflBHT:
6'08 ~ 5?5 ~ 164 = 82,8 a23/m
126
rue 164 -COOTHOHIeHHe MOJIeKyJISipHbIX BeCOB a30TH01~ KHCJIOTbI
H HHTpaTa K2JIbLjHSI.
CTOHMOCTb TepHeMbIX OKHCJIOB a30Ta B HeCKOJIbKO pa3 npeBOCXO-
uHT 3KOHOMHK), jjOCTHraeMyK) 3a C~IeT COKpaHjeHHSI paCXO,i[a papa B
npouecce ynapxH pacTSOpa KaJIbL[HeBOI3 CeJIHTpbI. ECJIH K TOMy xce
y~IeCTb, iITO npH yBeJIH~leHHH KOHL[eHTpalIHH NO H NO2 B BbIXJIOHHbIX
ra3aX Jj0 0,26 % BM2CT0 O, 1 ~~ n0 HOpMe, MOLL[HOCTb yCT2HOBKH ILT,eJIOiI-
HOI'O nOrJIOH1,eHHSi CHH}KaeTCH Ha 21,4~o H COOTBeTCTBeHHO B03paC-
TaK)T 3KCnJIyaTauHOHHble paCXOJ~b1, TO COBepH1eHH0 O~IeBHJjHa He-
npHeMJIeMOCTb paCCMaTpHBaeMOI'O BapI,aHTa H C 3KOHOMHileCKOI3 T09-
KH 3peHHSi.
~OBbIHIeHHe KOHIjeHTpaL[HH opoulaloHi,HX 6aHIHK) pacTBOpos npH
OJ~HOCTyneHtlaTOM nOrJIOHjeHHH paI[HOHa.TIbHO TOJIbKO B TOM CJIViIae,
KOri[a 6aHIHx 3anp02KTHPOBBHa C 3anaCOM yj[eJIbHOI'O 067~eMa npH
OpOHIeHHH paCTBOpOM, COj~ep}KaIijHM 3OO 2//l HHTpHT-HHTpaTa, H
M03KeT 06eCne~IHTb 6o.nee BbICOKyK) CTeneHb O~IHCTKH ra3a, ~IeM 3T0
H2OCXOuHMO n0 C2HHTapHbIM yCJIOBHSIM.
2-I~I Bap H a H T. ~MeIOTCSi RBe 6auiHH HXeJIOTIHOI'O nOrJIOH1,eHHSI,
~Iepe3 KOTOpble HHTp03Hble ra3bI HpOXOJ~HT nOCJIe,i[OBaTeJIbHO. O6e
6aHIHH OpOH1aIOTCSI paCTBOpOM, COJ~ep}KaHjHM 45O 2/R HHTpHT-HHTpaTa
KaJIbLjHSi. ~OCJIe BTOpOId 6aHiHH KOHL1,eHTpauHSI NO+NOz B BbIXJIOn-
HbIX ra3aX He 60JIee O,1 ~~ . TOT BapHaHT C CBHHTapHOH TO~IKH 3pe-
}II3SI B03pa}KeHHIt He BbI3bIBaeT.
KaK nOKa3bIBaK)T Op HeHTHpOBOTIHble paCTIeTbI, yBenH~IeHHe pac-
XOJZHOI'O K03CpCpHLjHeHTa n0 9JIeKTp03HeprHH npH 9TOM BapHBHTe
COCT2BHT npHMepHO 8O rcem-k/m CVXOI'I COJIH. IIOMHMO J~OHOJIHHTeJIb-
Horv pacxoAa 3JIeKTp03HeprHH Ha npORBH3KeHHe ra30B ~tepe3 BTO-
pyro 6aHIHIO H noAa~Iy uHpxy.nHpyloH>,ero pacTBOpa Ha ee opolHeHHe
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
(nponopuxoxa,nbxo yse.nNYeHNIO yAenbxoro Beca pacTBOpa), Bospac-
TaeT x pacxo~ s.nexTpo3xeprNN xa uNpxy.>ixuNlo pacTSOpa B nepsoH
6aluxe.
~KOHUMNSI napa B npouecce ynapKN pacTSOpos cocTas.nxeT
0,7 m/m cyxoK co.nN.
T8K K8K CTONMOCTb JjONOJIHNTeJIbHO paCXORyeMOH 3JIeKTp03HeprNN
nOKpblBaeTCSI 3KOHOMNeFI napa B KOJINYeCTBe OKOJIO 0,35 m/m CyXOH
COJIN, TO 3a CY2T 3KOHOMNN napa npNMepHO LIepe3 3 rOAa OKynaIOTCSI
Kan NTa.TIOBJIO}KeHNSI Ha nOCTPOI3KV BTOpOI3 OaL1IHN.
3-I3 Bap N a H T. JTOT BapN2HT OTJINYaeTCSI OT npej[blj~Viljer0
TOJIbKO TeM, YTO BTOpaSi 6anixsl OpOLL[aeTCSI I[NpKyJINpyK)IuNMN pac-
TBOpaMN C KOHLjeHTpaL[HeI.1 HNTpNT-HNTpaTa KaJIbL[NSI nopSIj[Ka
150-200 z/ a, a nHTaHNe nepBOH 6aNIHN npON3BOANTCR 60.nee KpenKNM
N3BCCTKOBbIM MOJIOKOM, 4eM BO BTOpOM BapHBHTe. HNTpNT-HHTpaTHble
paCTBOpbI N3 BTOpOI3 6aluHN nepeAaK)TCSI Ha j(OyKpenJIeHHe B nepBylo,
KOTOpaH B 3TOM c,nyYae HB.nsIeTCx npoj[yKi[NOHHOFi. TaxNM O6pa30M,
6aNiHN pa60TaK)T n0 npNHuNny npOTNBOTOKa ra30B N opoNlaloNieK
]KNJ~KOCTN. HO CpaBHeHNK) CO BTOpbIM BapNBHTOM HeO6XOj[NMbII3 yRe.nb-
Hb1I3 O6'beM 6aNlex yMeHbIIIaeTCH N, CJIej(OBaTenbHO, nOHN}KaK)TCH H
B6ICOTbI 6anleH. IIpN 3TOM COKpaul,aK)TCSI KanNTa.nOBJ10}KeHNH Ha CO-
Opy}KeHNe 6auleH N CHN}KaeTCSI paCXOJ(HbII3 K03(~NuNeHT n0 9JIeKTpO-
3HeprNN. II03TOMy KanNTaJ[OBJION{eHN51, CBSI3aHHble C COOpy]KeHNeM
BTOpOI3 6aNIHN, OKynHTCA B 60.nee KOPOTKNI3 CpOK, YeM npN BTOpOM
BapNBHTe.
IIpOBe,IjeHHbII3 aHdJIN3 nOKa3bIBaeT, YTO B 3KOHOMNYeCKOM OTHO-
INeHHN xax6oTiee 3(~(~eKTNBHbIM xBJISIeTCx TpeTNI3 BapNflHT C AByMSI
nOCJIejjOBBTeJIbHO BKJIIOileHHbIMN 6aNIHxMN.
He NcKJIIOilexa B03MOxcHOCTb, YTO yBe.nxYeHNe LINCJIa CTynexeH
[L[eJIOtIHOI'O nOrJIOLL~j[eHNSi Jj0 TpeX N 60.aee M07KeT OKa3aTbCSI 3KOHOMN-
YeCKN BbIPOJjHbIM. JTOT BOnpOC J~OJI}KeH peNlaTbCSI j(JISI Ka3Kj[OI'O KOH-
KpeTHOrO cnyYasi Ha OCHOBBHNN TeXHNKO-3KOHOMNYeCKNX pacYeTOS.
IIpN pauNOxa.nbxoM Bbi6ope napaMeTpoB Texxo.norxYecxoro pe-
N{NMa, nOBbILIIeHNe KOHIjeHTpaL[NN HNTpNT-HNTpaTa KaJIbL(NSI B
paCTBOpaX, Bb[,gaBaeMbIX Ha NHBepCNIO N3 npoj[yKI(NOHHOH 6au1HN,
J~aeT 3HaYNTeJIbxbII3 3KOHOMNileCKN13 3(~eKT N npNBOANT K CHH}KeHHIU
Ce6eCTONMOCTN KaJIbIjNCBOI{ CeJINTpbI.
2. yJ(eJIbHbIFi 06beM 61WeH CHCTeM61 11~G104HOI'O IIOI'JIOII;CHNA
IIpaBN.nbHbI~3 Bb160p yAe.nbHOrO O6'beMa 6auleH, o6ecneYNBalouiNK
saAaxxylo crenexb nor.noluexNx oxxc,nos asoTa, NMeeT peNlalou~ee
sxaYexxe npx npoexTNposaxNN ycTaxoaxx u1,e.rloYxoro nornoulexNx.
IIOJIb3ySICb npejjJiO?KeHHbIMN HBMN 3MnNpNLIeCKNMN (~OpMyJiaMN,
npON3BeJjeM paCYeT yJ(eJIbHbIX O6'beMOB 6aNIeH jjJISI nHTN BapNBHTOB
pa60TbI CNCTeMbI LL[e,nOYHOI'O nor.nOlueHHSI npx c.neRyloluNx NcxoAxblx
j(aHHbIX:
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UjeJI04HOI'O IIOT'JIOLI[2HNR, ~%
7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
4. yA@~76HbIN pacxoA ra30B Ha TOHHy npON3BOJIHMOrO P, CNCTEMe
3800
npOJ(yKTa ~B nepeCUeTe Ha MOHOf HJ[paT HNOg,~ Hht9%m HN03 . .
HbIX ra3aX Ha BXOAe B CN-
NO
2 B HNTP03
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CTOMy ll1',eJ104HOP0 ^OrJIO[i[eHNA, ?/p 06beMH. ~
HbIX
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6. CTeneHb OKNC.7eHHOCTN NO B NOZ B nOCTynax)II(HX HNTP03
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7. COJI,ep7KaHNe O~ B nOCTynarolllNX HNTP03HbIX ra3aX, ?~p o6beMH.
5
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9. paaneHNe B cncreme rue.royxoro nor.rtoNleHNH, ~tnt pT. cT.
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745
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10. Temneparypa rasoB B clicreMe ur,e.no~;xoro nor.nout,eHNa,
35
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Ta6au~{a 9
BJINAHNe CNCTCMbI UJ,eJ104HOr0 HOrJ10I1~CHHA Ha yACJIbHWN 06beM 6awex
Heo6xoANmoe aHaveLiNe yAenbHOro
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
OKHCJIeHHSI ra30B B OKHC.TINTeJIbHOFI 6aH1He (1-ICI BapnaHT) npHHSIT, Ha
OCHOB2HI~IH npaKTI39eCKHX J~aHHbIX, paBHbIM 11 .nc3/m HNO~ B CyTKH.
OCTaJIbHble 3HaYeHHSI Onpej~eJleHbl paCYeTHbIM nyTeM (cM. cTp. 278).
rIpH pacYeTax coAepxcaxne oxnc.~oB asoTa noc.ne nepsol~ nor,noTH-
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HbII3 06'beM OKI3CJIHTeJIbHOId 6aHIHN paCCYHTbIBaeM, HCXO,i[H H3 yCJIOBHSI,
YTO CTeneHb OKHCJIe}}HOCTH NO B NOS JZOJIN{Ha 6bITb nOBb[H1e}{a OT
15 Ao 50%.
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1 b-a a _
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r,ue T-BpeMx npe6b}saHNSI HNTP03HbIX ra30B B OKHCJINTeJIbHOII
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a-CTeHeHb nOrJIOLi(eHPISI B JjOJISIX ej(NHH}4b1;
a-HaYaJIbHaSI KOHIjeHTpaljnSI OKHCH a30Ta, ?,b 00'beMH.;
b-HaYaJIbHaSI KOHIjeHTpaL(IIH KHCJIOpOj(a, % 06'beMH.
110 CpOpMy,ne ($) HBXOj[HM, LITO He06XOJ1NMOe BpeMSI npe6blBaHHa
HHTp03HbIX ra30B B OKHCJIFITeJIbHOi'I 6aHIHe paBHO T= 104,6 CeK.
CeKyHJ~HbIFI paCXOj[ ra30B npH 3aJjaHHbIX yC?TIOBNS}X H npOH3BOJjHTeJIb-
HOCTI3 CI3CTeMbI 1 m HNO~ B CyTKH paBeH:
__ 3800.308.760
V `~"' 24.273.745.3600 - 0,0505 ~3/cetc
He06XOJ~HMbIFi yJjeJlbHbII3 06'beM OKHCJIHTeJIbHOI3 6aH1Hx COCTBBHT:
V? = 0,0505.104,6 = 5,28 ~c3/m HNO~ P. CyTKH
`~. YJI;eM pacTBOpe B
280 z/n pasxo:
C = 0,8 (1 _ 620632 l = 0,301
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ilpx nepexoue oT coAep~axxn HxTpxT-xxlpaTOS s opoulalolueM pac-
-rsope B 280 z/~t uo 450 z/~t cTenexb nor~noH~exxx noxxsxTCx x BpeMSI
B 9,02 C2K. 6yJjeT Hej[OCTBTOTIHbIM, ~IT06bI 06eCnetlxTb CORep}KaHxe
NO-{-N02 s Bb-xoAxluxx rasax s 0,3%.
r10JIb3ySICb ypaBHeHxeM 3aBI3CHMOCTx CTeneHx a6cop6uxx a oT co-
AepxcaHxsl HHTpxT-HHTpaTOB B paCTBOpe B 06LueM BxAe: a =100-K?C,
OnpeJjeJlxM 3Ha~IeHxe K09(~xlixeHTa K JIJISI HaIIIerO CJIyLIaA:
62,32 = 100 - K ? 280; K = 0,1346
3Hax 3HaLIeHxe K, MO}KHO HaI3Tx J1,exCTBHTeJIbHyK) CTeneHb a6COp6ilxx
sa 9,02 ceK.
a=100 - 0,1346.450 = 39,43%
CoAepx{axxe oxxc,noB asoTa xa BblxoA\e xs nepsoH 6aIHHx cocTasxT:
C = 0,8\1 - 393 I = 0,485%
Tax KaK no saAaxxlo coAepxcaxxe oxxcnos asoTa Ha BblxoAe xs nep-
BOFI 6aHIHx J~OJI3KH0 COCTBBJISITb O,3%, TO BbICOTy HBCaJjKx CJIej[yeT
yBeJIxLIxTb.
OnpeAe,nxM COJ~ep}KaHxe OKHC,TIOB a30Ta Ha BbIXOJje H3 nepBOx OaHI-
HH npx yBe.nx~eHxx BbICOTbI HaCaZ1,Kx B RBa pasa (BpeMx Hpe6blBaHxx
ra30B B 30He peaKuxx 6yReT pasxo 18,04 CeK.):
39,43 - 0,294?,'0
C~ = 0,485 (1 - loo
yTOT~HHM BpeMSI npe6bIBaHxx ra30B BO BTOpOM CJiOe HBCaj~Kx, He-
06XOJjxMOe JZJISI yM2HbHIeHxSI COJZep}KaHxSI OKHCJIOB a30Ta B BbIXUJ~SI-
ut,xx rasax Ro 0,3?ro
Z~ = 9,02 ? ", ~?~ - ", ~"~' = 8,74 ceK.
- 0,485 - 0,294
061uee speMx npe6blsaxxsl rasos s soxe peaxuxx, xeo6xop,xMOe AnR
noxxxcexxx KonuexTpauxx oxxcnoB asoTa s nepsoH 6alHxe oT 0,8?io
Ao 0,3%, pasxo:
Z = 9,02 -f- 8,74 = 17,74 ceK.
He06XOJjxMbIfl yAeJIbHbIId 06'beM, 3anOJIH2HHbII~I HaCaJ~KOI3, li.~R nepBOi3
6aulxx cocTasxT (s c,ny~Iae npxMexexxsl KepaMx~Iecxxx Koneu pasMe-
poM 100X IOOX 10 ~~ x npx yx.naAxe xx npasx.nbxbIMx pxAaMx):
0,0505. 17,74 = 1,22 X13/m HN03 B cyTxx
Vatic. = Q,735
rAe 0,0505-cexyHAxbi%I pacxolc rasos, V ceK.;
0,735-CB060AHbIYI 06'beM 1.413 H2CaJjKx.
yJ~eJIbHbII3 06'beM nepsoH 6aHlxx npx opomexxx ee pacTSOpoM c
COAep~aHxeM HHTpxT-HI3TpaTa KaJIbLZxSi B 28O 2/~1 COCT8BxJ16b1:
1,22.9 07 = 0,62 ~3 /m HN03 B CVTKx
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
3. YJ~eJIbH6111 06beM `1-1i HOrJtOTHTeJIbHON 6$WHN. ,gnSl, paC~IeTa
He06XO,I[HMOtO BpeMeHH npe6biB8HHSI ra30B B CB060J~HOM 06'beMe Ha-
CaJjKH BOCITOnb3yeMCSi 3MIIHpHTIeCKHM ypaBHeHHeM (7):
x = 100-0,1362?C
IIpH coAepsKaHHH B opoHlaloHzeM pacTBOpe 200 z/~I HHTpHT-HHTpa-
Ta KaJIbIjHSI, npH nHHeIiHOH CKOpOCTH rasa 0, 1625 .u/ceK H BpeMexx
Ilpe6bIB8HHSI ra30B B CBO~O,IjHOM 06'beMe H2CaJjKH B 22,2 CeK. CTeneHb
a6cop6uHH paBHa:
a = 100 - 0,1362.200 = 72, 76
COjjep?KaHHe OKHCJIOB a30Ta Ha BbIXOJje H3 BTOp01~1 6aH1HH COCTBBHT:
Cz = 0,3 (1 - 71006) = 0,082
yTO~IHHM BpeMx npe6blBflHHSI ra30B B 30He peaKIjHH, He06XO,IjHMOe
ltnx JjOCTHNCeHHSI COJ~ep3KaHHSI OKHCJIOB asOTa B BbIXJIOHHbIX rasaX
s 0,1 0:
0,3 - 0,10
ZZ = 22 , 2. 0 3-0, os2 _ 20,18 ceK.
1~1CXO,i[SI H3 3aBHC1-IMOCTH K03(~CpHL[HeHTa CKOpOCTH nOrJIOIIjeHHfi I(
OT JIHHeI3HOII CKOpOCTH ~CM, ypaBHeHHe 5), OnpeAe,nHM HeOCJXOJjHMOe
BpeMx npe6blBaHHx ra30B B CB060,I[HOM 06'beMe HacaAKH HpH CKOpOCTH,
pasxol~ 0,4 ~t/cek:
Z = 20,18 (0,16251o,s
0 4 J = 8,97 ceK.
He06XOJ);HMbIFt yj[eJIbHbIII 06'beM, 3anOJIHeHHbIII HBCaj(KOI-I, JjJISI BTO-
p01~ 6aHiHH COCTBBHT:
Vatic. = 0,0505? ~ 95 = 0,62 ~3/m HNO~ B cyTKH
4. YAenbHblN o6?beM o6eNx nor.noTHTenbH6ix 6aweH. YAenbnbll3
06'beM o6exx norJIOTHTeJIbHbIX 6aHI2H, 3anO,nHeHHbIIi HaCaj[K013, pa-
BeH:
Va6~. = Va6~. -F- Vatic. = 1,22 -~- 0,62 = 1,84 ~3/m HN03 s cyTKH
5. 06u~HH yue.nbH6I11 06'beM CHCTeM6I llje,n04HOI'O TIOrJ10I1~eHHA
V = Vo -+- Va6~. = 5,28 -}- I ,84 = 7,12 ~t3/m HNO~ B cyTKH
AHanH3HpySI JjaHHble Ta6n. 9, MOxcHO cAenaTb pslA sblBOAoB.
IIo nepsoMy BapHaxTy o6H>,HI3 yAenbnbIFt o6?beM cxcTeMbr B
1,16-1,67 pass 6onbHle, ueM npH ,gpyrxx BapHaHTax, a pacxoA
KepaMH~Iecxxx Konen BospacTaeT B 2,65-8 pas.
CneAosaTenbxo, BBOA B cxcTeMy Hzeno~tHOro nor.noH~exxx HeoKHC-
.nexxoro rasa HepauHOxaneH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
HaH60Jiee 3KOHOMH4H0}3 CX2MOI3 HBJISIeTCH IISITaSI, XOTA H B j[aH-
HOM C.ny~Iae yJjeJlbHbll~i OE'beM HBCaJ(KH ~OJIbIile, ~IeM npl~ TpeTbeM Ba-
pHaHTe, Ha 0,5 ~3/m HN03 B CYTKH. C.neRyeT, OJ~HaKO, HMeTb B BHAy,
~ITO 3Ta pasHOCTb yAe~bHblX O~'beMOB MO]KeT 6bITb yMeHbUIeHa 60JIee
pauHOHaJIbHbIM paCrlpeRe.neHHeM IIpOI-I3BOAHTeJIbHOCTH Me}KJjy nep-
BOI3 H BTOpOI3 IIOrJ10TI~ITeJIbHbIMI3 6aII]HSIMH ~6a1IIHI3 ,TjOJI]KHb[ 6bITb OJjH-
HBKOBOI-I BbICOTbI).
BO BCeX Bap13aHT2X, IIpeJjyCMBTpHBaK)IIjHX YCTBHOBKY OKHCJIHTeJIb-
HOFI 6avIHH I3 IIOBbIllIeHHe CTeIIeHI3 OKI3CJIeHHOCTH NO B NO2 OT 15
,rJ,O 50%, yAeJIbHbIfi OKHCJIHTeJIbHbII3 06'beM paBeH 5,28 ~t3/m HNO;
B CYTKH, TITO COCTBBJISIeT OT 56 AO 80~o OCHjerO 06'beMa CI3CTeMbt II(e-
JI OBI H OI'O II O rJI OII1,eH H R .
KaK ilOKasaHO B61IIIe, npH CT2II2HI3 OKHCJIeHIIOCTId HH}Ke 50?,~0
CTeIIeHb IIOrJIOlIjeHFISI OKNCJIOB a30Ta IIOHII3KaeTCH.
PaL[I30HaJIbHbIM CIIOCOC)OM COKpaLL[eHHff yJjeJIbHOI'O OKHCJIIITeJIb-
HOI'O 06'beMa, i1pI3 OJZHOBpeMeHH013 IIHT2HC1-ICI-IKaL[I3I~I pa60TbI nor.n0-
TNTeJIbHbIX 6aLlleH*, ftBJISIeTCSi IIOBbIIIIeHNe KOHL[eHTpaLjI-IH OKI3CJIOB
asOTa Ha BXOJ~e B CACTeMy LTjeJIOYHOI'O IIOrJIOLI(eHI-IR, T. e. IIOHA}f{eHI~Ie
CTeIIeHH KI3CJIOTHOI'O iIOrJIOII(eHPISI.
,~JISI paCCMOTpeHHbIX BbIIIIe BapHaHTOB npll IIOHH}KeHNII CTeIleHI3
KHCJIOTHOtO IIOrJIOUjeHHSI OT 92 J(O 90% ~CM. ypaBHeHI3e 8) yAe~IbHbI13
OKACJIHTeJIbHbIIi 06'beM COKpaLijaeTCH Ha 200. ~TO COOTBeTCTBYeT
YM2HbITIeHHK) er0 Ha 1,06 ~3/m HNO; B CYTKH (oT 5,28 ~3/m HN03
s cyTxH Ro 4,22 ~t3!m HNO~ B cyTxl3).
BwsoRw
1. nO.TIy~IeHbl I~ICXOJjHble JjaHHble JjJISI IIp02KTHpOBBHIISI ilpOMbIL1I-
JIeHHbIX VCT2HOBOK ,i[JISI IIOrJIOIIjeHFISI 1~13BeCTKOBbIM MOJIOKOM OKHCJIOB
a30Ta H3 XBOCTOBbIX H13Tp03HbIX rasOB.
2. CTeI1eHb OKI3CJIeHHOCTH NOB NOS B HHTp03HbIX ra3aX, IIOCTy-
IIaK)I11HX B IIepBYK) iIOrJIOTI-ITeJIbHyK) 6auIHK), ~OJI}KHa 6bITb He M2Hb-
uIe 50%. IIpOueCC IIjeJIOIIHOI'O IIOrJIOIIjeHI-ISI He06XORI-IMO IIpOH3B01[HTb
B Tpx CTaJjHN; YCTBHOBKa JjOJI}KHa COCTOSITb H3 OKHCJIHTe.iIbHOI3 6aul-
IIH H ABYX BKJIK)TIeHHbIX IIOCJIeJjOBBTeJIbHO IIOrJIOTHTeJIbHbIX 6allleH.
3. KaK IIOKasaJII-I paCLIeTbI, OpOI1IeHHe IfOrJIOTYITeJIbHbIX 6auleH
gHpxy.nr3pyloul,HMH pacTBOpaMI3 pasJIHTIHOI3 KOHI[eHTpaLZHH HBJISIeTCA
HaH60Jiee 3KOHOMH~IHbIM BapI-IaHTOM, IIpI~IUeM nepaasl n0 XOAy rasa
6aIIIHSI SIBJIHeTCSI IIpOj[VKLjAOHHOI3.
4. ~HHei3HaSI CKOpOCTb rasa, IIOCTYIIaIOHjerO B 6auIHH LL[eJIO~IHOt'O
IIOrJI0II1,eHH5i, ,IZOJI}KHa 6bITb IIOpSIJ~Ka 0,4-0,7 ~/C2lC.
5. OnTHMaJIbHOe COJ~ep}KaHHe CaO B L[ApKydIHpYK)UjHX pacTSOpax
.neNCxT B npeAe,nax 5-8 e/~.
6. IIpH J1,OCT8T09H0 60JIbIDNX YAeJIbHbIX o6veMax OKI-ICJINTeJIbHOI-[
H HOrJIOTHTeJIbHbIX 6a1IIeH McTOJ1 TIOrJIOIILeHFISi OKI3CJIOB a30Ta II3BeCT-
"- BCJIej[CTBNe HOBbIIlleHNft H8I'py3KN a6CO.~IOTHOe 3H242H Fie 0~3eM8 HOI'.'iOTNTe 7bHbIX
hBHIeH H2CKO7bK0 BOSpaCTaeT, 0,1jH2K0 HpON3BOj(NTe.'ibHOCTb 6aweH yBenHUHBaercu
B 60~7bH12N CTBHeHH, 9eM IiX OE)'bCM.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
KOBbIM MOJIOKOM AaeT B03M0}KHOCTb j(OBeCTI-I coAepxcaHl~e NO-?-N02
B BbIXJIOIIHbIX ra3aX a30THOKIdCJIOTHbIX YCTflHOBOK AO CBHI-ITapHOI3
HOpMbI ~0, 1 ~0 06"beMH.~.
Jlereparypa
1, $, E. I' O p (p y H K e JI b, SI. I'I. K N 7 b M a H, TpyAbl I'kIAII, Bbin. III,
I~OCXNMN3,I{aT, 1954.
2. B. I'1. A T p O ll), e H K O, I~N HeTNKa nOCJIOH{eHNSI OKNCJIOB a30Ta paCTBOpaMN
u>,enoveH, 3KIIX, 12, 174 (1939).
3. B. H. A T p O II(e H K O, C. ICI. K a p r N H, TeXHOJIOI NSI a30THOH KNCJIOTbI,
I~OCXNMN3AaT, 1949.
4. P a r t i n g t o n, Parker, J. Soc. Chem., Ind., 6, 75 (1919).
5. W. H e n n e 1, Chim. et Ind., 29, 786, 1042 (1933).
-6. I~paTK4141 Cnpa604HNIS XNMNKa, I~OCXNMN3AaT, 1948, cTp. 183.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
A. JI. IIIHEEPCOH, haxdudambc mexK. kayrc. 8. A. KJIEBIiE, M. A. MHH~IOBII~f
0 CJIE}KNBAEMOCTN AMMNAyHOfi CEJINTPb!
Coo6ui,eHHe xepBOe
MOJ~N~NKAL~NOHHbII~ iIEPEXOj~ AMMNA4HO~i CEJINTPbI IIPN 32,27'
N EE CJIEN(NBAEMOCTb
B xacTOxluee BpeMa npaKTnnecxx pelHex Bonpoc no.ny~Iexl3x xe
CJte}KHBaK)LI1,eI3CSI aMMHagxOFi CeJInTpbl xyTeM xpHMeHeHnSi pa3JIH~IHbIX
HeOpraHHTIeCKHX Zj06aBOK.
OJZHaKO Jj0 CHX nop HeSICeH He TOJIbKO McX8HH3M B03JZeIICTBHH Jj0-
6aBOK Ha CJIe}KnBaeMOCTb aMMHaTIHOI~I CeJlnTpbI, HO n McXaHx3M CJIe-
?KHBaEMOCTH 9TOIi COJIN npx xeKOTOpbIX ti'Cd'IOBHflX ee B03HHKHOBeHI~IA.
CJIe}KHBaeMOCTb npOMbILIIJIeHHOI'O npoj~yKTa, coAepxcau>;ero B.nary
I1 xaxoAxluerocsl noR xe6o.nbxlHM Aas.~exHeml, sbI36IBaeTCSI pas.nH~-
HbIMx npOL[eCCaMN.
Ce.nHTpa c,nexcnsaeTCSI npx ox.nax{p,exxH s MeulKax, Ky,~a oxa sa-
rpyxcaeTCx c TenlnepaTypoH 70-80?, a Taxxce npx R.nHTe.nbxoM
xpaxeHHH, KorRa nepeMexxax B.naxcxocTb Bosztyxa cnoco6cTByeT ee
yB.naxtxexxto H noc.aeRyloulel3 cyHlxe, x.nH npH xarpesaxHx ee Bb1-
uIe 32? c noc.aeRyloluHM ox.naxcRexnem.
B .nHTepaType HMeeTCSI Marlo Hcc.neRosaHHi~I no cxcTeMaTx~Iecxon~ly
x3yTIeHHK) BJIHSIHnSI pa3JInTIHbIX (~aKTOpOB Ha CJIe}KHBaeMOCTb aMMI~Iau-
HOH CeJIHTpbI, B03HHKaK)H~VK) npH ee OXJIa}KJjeHHH B McIIIKBX H npH ee
HarpeBBHnH C nOCJIeJjyK)njHM OXTIa}K,IjeHHeM. I'IMeeTCH TaK}Ke MaJIO
CBeJ~eHHi'I O BJIHAHHH A06aBOK Ha (pH3xK0-XHMH~IeCKHe H KpHCTaJITIO-
OHTHLIeCKHe CBOI3CTBa aMMHa~IHOI~I CeJIHTpbI.
,~aHHOe 0006LijeHHe xOCBSIxjeHO HCCJIeJjOBaHxK) BJINSIHHA MORx(~x-
KauHOHHOI'O nepexopla aMMnavxox ce.nxTpbl npH TeMnepaType 32,27?1
Ha ee CJIe}KHBaeMOCTb. BbIIIIe 9TOI3 TeMnepaTypbI CVx[eCTByeT MOJ~H(~H-
KauHx NH,N03 (III), xxx{e-MOAHCpHxauHSl NH4N03 (IV). 06e Mo-
J~HI~I3Kauxx pOM6HtIeCKOIt CHCTeMbI, HO C pa3HbIMH napaMeTpaMx pe-
IneTKI3, yMexbulalou(HMHCSf npr3 npespauzexxH III-DIV. IIepexoA
aMMHa~IHOI~I CeJIHTpbI H3 O,1(HOI~i MOAH(~HKauHH B upyryK) COnpOBO}K,IjaeT-
CSi H3MeHeHHeM 06'beMa COJIx Ha 3,5% H H3MeJIbYeHHCM ee KpHCTaJIJIOB2.
I~IMeK)IL~HeCSI B .nnTepaType BbICKa3bIB8HHSI, LITO MOJ~H(pHKaI~HOHHbIIi
nepeXOA aMMHa~IHOI~I CeJIxTpbl npra 32,27? cnoco6cTByeT ee c.ne>KHBae-
MOCTH, He xOj[KpexJleHbI xpHMbIMH 3KCxepHMeHTaJIbHbIMH RaHHbIMH.
TI03TOMy BCe CyxjeCTByIOnjHe npeJ~CTBBJIeHHSI O M2XaxH3Me 3TOI'O np0-
L[eCCa SIBJIfIIOTCSI Op HeHTNpOBO~IHbIMI3.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
JloypN N leMMNxrc3 npeRno.naraloT, ~ITO c,nexcNBaeMOCTb aMMnay-
HO1~1 Ce.TINTpbI B 3TOM CJIy4ae He CB513aHa C N3MeH2HNeM CBMOI'O CO-
CTOAHNSI ee KpNCTaJIJIOB, a xB,nxeTCSI yxce pe3yJIbT3TOM BTOpN~IHOI'O
npOueCCa-N3MeJIb4eHNSI KpNCTaJIJIOB. IIpN N3MeJIb9eHNN KpNCTaJIJIOB
NOBepXHOCTb 9aCTNlj aMMNauH011 CeJINTpbI 060raH1,aeTCH M2TO~IHbIM
paCTBOpOM. KpNCTaJIJIN3auNS1 COTIN H3 3TOI'O paCTBOpa H CN0006CTByeT
ee CJIe]KNBaeMOCTN. ABTOpbI, TBKNM OCpa30M, ynoAo6.nxloT BJINHHNe
MoANC~NKauNOxxoro nepexoRa ce.nNTpbl npN 32,27? Ha ee c,nexcNBae-
MOCTb JjeACTBNK) Ha ~TOr npouecc McXBHNTIeCKOI'O paCTNpaHNSI COJIN
C. NOCJIei(yK)H~eH KpNCTaJIJIN3aL[NeI3.
AHaTIOPN~IHble BbICKa3bIB8HN51 BCTpe~IaK)TCSI B pa6oTax A. M. ,IZy-
6oBNuxoro, ~. I'. Mapro,nNC N I'. B. I',nasosoil4, YNTCTOxas N
H. II. KypNHa~. KypNH, KpOMe TOPO, npeAno.naraeT, 9T0 H C8M0 N3-
McHeHNe COCTOSIHNSI KpNCTaJIJIOB CeJINTpbI MO}KeT COnpOBO}KJ~aTbCSI
ee C.ne%NBaeMOCTbIO.
B. A. K.neBKe N H. K? I~eJIbMOM7 yCTBHOBJIeHO, 9T0 npespaN~eHNe
NH4N03(III)--3NH4N03(IV) He BbISbIBaeT c,ne~NBaeMOCTN cyxoK
CeJINTpbI. KpOMe TOI'O, NMN ~bIJ10 HOKa3aH0, 4T0 B.na>xHasl CeJINTpa
rie c,nexcNSaeTCx npN ee Harpese oT 20 Ao 90?.
STN JjaHHbte n03BOJ1NJIN aBTOpaM Cj~eJIaTb BbIBOA, ~ITO rpany,nNpo-
sarlxax aMMNa~xax ce.aNTpa npN nepexoRe N3 oRHOII xpNCTa,n,aNVe-
cxoi~ MoANC~INKauNN B Rpyrylo He c.aexcNBaeTCSI.
OAHaKO pe3yJIbTBTbI OnbITOB C CyXO}I CeJINTpO}I He MOryT 6bITb ne-
peHeC2HbI Ha CeJINTpy, COj~epJKaLLjyK) B.nary. Ha OCHOB2HNN >Ke JjaH-
HbIX OnbITOB C }iarpeBOM BJIa]KHOI~I CeJINTpbt HN~IerO HeJIb35I CKa3aTb
o B.nNxHNN NpespaujeHNSI NH4N03(IV) ~ NH4N03(III) Ha ee c~Ie}KN-
BaeMOCTb, T8K K2K HarpeB aMMNaLIHOI3 CeJINTpbi npON3BO,ijNJICSI B
CJINHIKOM 60JIbHIOM 13HTepBaJIe TeMnepaTyp.
1. I7peBpaul,eHHe NH4N0~(III)--~NH4N03(IV) H c.neNCHBaeMOCTb
aMMNa4HON CCJINTpbI
B 3TOM NCCJIej(OB3HNN CH0006 06pa60TKN aMMNa4HOF3 CeJINTpbI,
BbI3bIBaK)LLjN13 ee CJIe3KNBaeMOCTb, 3aKJIK)~IaJICSI B 6bICTpOM OXJIa}KJje-
HNN He60JIbHINX KOJIN~IeCTB npeJZBapNTeJIbHO HarpeTOld BJIa]KHOI~I
aMMNaT~HOI3 CeTINTpbI nOJ1, JjaBJIeHN2M B 3KCNKaTOpe C Onpe,lleTIeHHON
OTHOCNTeJIbH013 BJIa]KHOCTbK).
I~I3y~IaJIOCb BJINAHNe Ha CJIe}KNBaeMOCTb aMMNa9HOi~i CeJINTpbI
TeMnepaTypbl ee Harpesa H ox.naxcAeHNx, Aas.neHNSI, B.narN, coAep]Ka-
N~eI~iCH B COJIN, H HeKOTOpbIX paCTBOpNMbIX N HepaCTBOpNMbIX Heopra-
xH~ecKNx ~o6asoK.
IlpNroTOB.aeHNe N o6pa6oTKa o6pasuos
aMMNatI H013 CeJINTpbI
O6pa3ubl C pa3JiN~IHbIM COAep}K2HNeM BJIarN nOJIy~IaJINCb nyTeM
KpNCTaJIJIN3aLjNN n,naBa CeJINTpbI npN pa3HbIX TeMnepaTypaX. ,g06aB-
KH B He06XOJjNMbIX KOJIN9eCTB8X BHOCHJIH HenOCpeJ~CTBeHHO B n.riaB
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
ce.nNTpbl. Iloc.ne Kpllcran.nNSauNN N ox.naxcAenNSI ce.nNTpbl ee NsMe,nb-
Ya.nN B cTynxe N npoceNBa,nN Yepes cNTa. ~paxuxro co.nN c pasMepoM
YaCTNIl 0,7-2 JbIM OTCNpaJIN ?jJi51 npOBep,eHNft OnbITOB. B.naxcHOCTb
o6pasuoB onpeAenxnN NOjj-nNpNANHOBbIM McTOJjOM~.
HarpesaHNe N ox.naxcAexxe o6pasuoB npoNSSORN.nN npN no-
CTOHHHOI3 TeMnepa?rype B psyx TepMOCTaTax.
Ilpecc-c~opMa, B KOTOpOI~t aMMNaYHyK) CeANTpy noABepra,nN o6pa-
60TKe, 6bIJIa NsrOTOBJIeHa N3 aJIK)MNHNSI N COCTOSIJIa N3 KOHNYeCKOI'O
KOJIbL[a C BHeHIHeI?I HapesKOI3 N HBBNHYNBaK)Ii[NMCR JjOHbIllIKOM.
BbICOTa KOJIbIja 15 ~1?tA-l, BepXHNI~I JjNaMeTp 37 N HN]KHNS~I 40 ibtht.
~CnblTyeMbII3 o6paseu CeJINTpbI B2COM 12 e Harpesa,nN 60 MNH. B
TepMOCTBTe B aJIK)MNHN2BOM CT8K8HLINKe C H2BNHYNBaK)njeI3C5I KpbILll-
KOI3. B TOM xce TepMOCTBTe HarpeBa.nN N npeCC-(~OpMV. IIO OKOHYBHNN
Harpesa o6pasua noc.neAHNi~I 6blcTpo nepecbina.nN B TepMOCTaTe xce
s npecc-c~opMy, nOKpblBaJiN TeKCTOJINTOBOId nJIaCTNHKOIi TOJIn(NHOI~[
2 Atiu N JjNBMeTpOM 36,5 iYt~bt. Ha nJIaCTNHKV yCT2H8BJINBaJIN rpys.
TeMnepaTypa nJIaCTNHKN N rpy3a COOTB2TCTBOBaJIa TeMnepaType
oxnaxcAeHNx o6pasua. LIepes MNHyTy noc,ne ycTaxos.neHNSI rpysa no-
c.neAHNK BMecTe c npecc-cpopMOi~I N o6pasuoM nepexocN.nN B sxcnxa-
TOp, HdXOARLuNNCH B ApyrOM TepMOCTBTe. IIO OKOHLIaHNN OXJia}KJ~eHNH,
KOTOpOe IIpOROJI}KaJIOCb 90 MNH., npeCC-c~IOpMy C OCpa3uOM N3BJIeKaJIN
1{3 3KCNKflTOpa, OTBNHYNBaJIN AOHbIHIKO, o6paseu BbITaJIKNBaJIN N3
xoJIbua H onpeAe.nx.nN ero c.nexcNSaeMOCTb.
Cnoco6 onpeAe.neHNSI c.nexcNBaeMOCTN
o6pasuoB aMMNaYHOlt CeJINTpbI
CTeneHb CJIe}KNBaeMOCTN o6pasuoB onpeAe.nsl.nN N3MeJIbYeHNeM
NX BN6pauNeN B uNJINHApe C CNTLI2TbIM j(HOM, npNBOJjNMbIM B j[BH}Ke-
HNe 3JIeKTpOM2rHNTHbIM BN6paTOpOM, K KOTOpOMy npNKpenneH
I[NJINHj(p. KOJINYeCTBO McJIOLIN, nOJIyYeHHOId npN BN6pauNN o6pasua
s TeYexNe 5 ceK., BblpaHCexxoe B npoueHTax, N xapaxTepxsosano
CTeHeHb CJIe3KHBaeMOCTN aMMNaYH013 CeJINTpbI.
j],aHHble OnbITOB n0 BJINSIHNK) TeMHepaTypbI Harpesa N oxrlaxcAe-
HNSI aMMNaYHOI~I CeJINTpbt Ha ee CnexcNBaeMOCTb IIpNBeJleHb1 B Ta6JI. 1
N 2*. B onblTax npNMeHSt.nocb AaB.neHNe, pasxoe 0,12 kz/cM2.
KaK c.neAyeT Ns Aaxxblx Ta6.n. 1, NsMexenxe TeMnepaTypbl Harpe-
Ba aMMHa~IHOFi CeJINTpbI B NHTepBa.ne OT 75 AO 33?, He OKa3bIBaeT
CyIIjeCTBeHHOI'O BJINHHNH Ha BeJINTINHy CJie}I{HBaeMOCTH. 000TBeTCTBeH-
HO ox.naxcAenne o6pasuoB aMMNa9xoFI ce.nNTpbl B NHTepBa.ne TeMne-
paTyp, B KOTOpbIX OTCVTCTBOBaJI MOJjN(~NKaIjNOHHbli3 nepeXOJ~ He BbI3b1-
BaJIO CL[enJIeHNA YaCTNL[ ~06pasel~ He CJie}KaJICH~. TaK, COrJIaCHO JjaH-
HbIM Ta6JI. 1 N 2, aMMNaYHaSi CeJINTpa He nOTepSIJla CBOeH CbinyYeCTN
npN ee ox~IaxcAexnN oT 32 Ro 20? N oT 75 Ao 33?. C ApyroH cTOponbl,
CHN}KeHNe T2MnepaTypbl OX.naxcAeHNx aMMNai1H01?I CeJINTpbI B nOCJIeA-
* Bo Bcex Ta6.lNUax npeAcTaB.neHNbre sNa~leHNSI NpoueNTa Meaovli aB.naroTCR
Cpe1[HNMN TpeX ONbITOB.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6~tuga 1 Ta6~ur~a 2
BJINAHHe remneparypbl Harpesa 4NCTON BJINNHNe TfMNepaTypbl OXJIa]K,geHNA am-
aMMNayHO-i ce,nNTpbl Ha ee c.neNCNaaemocTb meavHON cenHTpbi Ha ee cneNCNBaemocTb
Te~meparypa ox.laNC,~eHHft ofipasuoB (Ha~
a
a
?
i
~rbx
ft TexFneparypa COJIN 75
)
29-30~
McJ104N IIOCJIe BH6pti!(NN ~o M21109N ^pN BA6QeC{BN OF)-
06pe3I(fl 5 Cel~. lII7N T2MIIE- ,}7231j8 ~ C2R, IIIJN TCMi1C172-
BJI2IJKIIOCI'b,l p3Ty'~E fI'O IId I'pCBa, ?C BJIa]{CIIOCT6, Type Er0 OXJI87KJ{eHNA, ?C
~~ ~
75
~ 40
~ 36
~ 32'" ~~ ~ 33 ~ 30
26
~ 20
1,72
14
15
18
1
72
14
12
13
1
35
10
~
p
,
u
O
,
1,35
10
65
1,30
10
10
21
xe cue-
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10
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1
,
}Ka~~cft
e
6
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1, 30
13
8
-.
1 ,10
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cae-
12
9
] 0
1, 00
15
17
23
100
>Ka`'cx
24
25
60
- 1,00
" Idol+evlaa~ rc.lnepa~rypa B sr>7x onbrrax
16
18
23
HeM c.ny~Iae Ha 2,7? III~tx{e To~Ixn npespau>;eHxx NH4N03(III)-~
~NH4NOa(IV) nosao,nH.no no.ny~I1ITb H.noTHylo, xopomo cJlemas-
1llyK)CSI M2CCy COJIH. IIpI3 3TOM 06pa3L[bI C pa3JIHLIHbIM COJjep}KaHHeM
B.narl~I Aasa,nl~I noc,ne BH6pagHl~ 24-10?% McJIO~In. OTHOCHTeJIbHO
xopomasl BOCnpOH3BOJjnMOCTb OnbITOB y o6pasuoB C oAHHaxosoll
BJIa?KHOCTbK) nOJIyiIaJIacb, KOr,i[a 06pa3ljbt OXJIaN{j(aJIH j[O TeMnepaTy-
pbI He HHN{e 26?. I3 npOTI-IBHOM CJIy~Iae npOLjeHT McJIO~IA KOJIe6aJICSI
OT IO Jj0 7O. OJjHaKO CJIeJZyeT OTMeTHTb, ~ITO IIe~OJIbHIOe KOJII-I~IeCTBO
o6pasuoB n npH TeMnepaType ox.nax{ReHnsl 26? AaBa,no nosbllHexxbll
HpOL(eHT McJIO~I13.
I'I3 JjaHHbIX J~ByX CepHi~ OHbITOB CJIeJjyeT, ~ITO npH npHMCHSIeMON
HBMn 06pa60TKe BJIa}KHbIX O~pa3L[OB aMMHa4HON CeJIHTpbI* C,nex{I3Ba-
eMOCTb HOCJIeJ~HefI BbI3bIBaeTCH HCKJIK)~IHTeJIbHO HpeBpaHjeHl~leM
NH4N0~ (III)-~NH4N03 (IV), npHVeM xsMexexxe napaMeTpoB pe-
IIleTKH KpHCTa.n,noB co.nH conposox{RaeTCSI ee c,nexcHBaeMOCTbIO.
I'I3 JlnTepaTypHbIX J~aHHbIX9 H3BeCTHO, ~ITO npNCVTCTBHe a30TH0-
KACJIOI'O KadIHSI B aMMHaLIHOI~t CeJIHTpe 3aM2TH0 CHH3KaeT TOYKy Hpe-
Bpau>,eHHU NH4N0~(III)~NH4N03(IV).
fibIJII4 HpnrOTOBJIeHbI Tpi~I 06pa3Lja aMMI~Ia~IHOII CeJINTpbI, B KOTOpbIX
coAep>xaxne KN0;3 cocTaBJlx.no 2,0; 2,5 H 5,0?0. C 9TI3MII o6pasuaMn
npOBeJ~eHbI OHbITbI HO BbISICH2HHK) BJIHSIHHSI TeMnepaTypbl OX1Ia}K-
~eHHSI Ha CJIe}KI~IBaeMOCTb CeJIHTpbI. KaK CJIeRyeT n3 Ta6.n. 3,
06pa3IjbI C 2,O H 2,5?~ KN03 CJIe3KaJIHCb TO.IIbKO TOrJ~a, KOrJ);a OXJIa?K-
'~ 1-1pNM2HfteMbi }"i H3MN McTOJj O6pa60TKN aMMHa9HON C2JINTpb1 OT.nN90H OT 06pa60TKN ^pOMbI HI~7 CH HOPO npOAy KTa, I{Ora HMeeT McCTO McJjJ10HHOe
UX~Ra}KJjeHNe 60JIbllINX M2CC COJIN. n09TOMy, eCTCCTB0HH0, Hallla O6pa60TKa CeJINTpb}
He BbIHBJIfteT BCeX (paKTOP06, O6yCJIOBJINB2FOII~NX CJIe}KNBaeMOCTb npoAyxTa, N
B tIaCTHOCT}i, H2 (~N KCHpyeT CJIe}KHBaeMOCTb CeJINTpbi, CBft3aHHylO C ee Kp HCTa.IIJI}i-
3auHeN H3 MBTO~IHOI'O paCTBOpa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
AeHxe Hx nposoRH.nH npra TeMnepaTypax 20 13 18?, a o6paseu c
5,0% KNOB He c,nex{a.ncx I3 npx TeMnepaType ox.naxcAexHSI, pas-
HOI3 18?.
BJINAHHC ]{0686KH KIVOg Hd CJICNtNBaCMOCTb BMMHd4HOF1 CCJIHTpbI
(Hava~bxaa TemnepaTypa xarpeea co.nH 75?)
CoAepHCa-
nxe Ao6aa-
xx KN03,
BJIaMSHOCTb,
Menovx nocne sx6pagxx o6paaga
npx Temneparype ero oxnaxcRexxsr, ?C
06paseu He
c.ne~ca ~cR
06paseu He c.aeuta.~cA npii ecex yxa-
saFixblx TemnepaTypax
nono~cenxe To~~xEi
npespa-
x{exxx III->IV
(n0 TepMN9eC xOMy
allaJlN3y~, ?C
Ilpeapau>,exBe He
xa6ntoRa~IOCb
rya y~iacrxe
32-10?
I-IpOB2JZeHHbIII HBMH TepMI~IcIeCKI31~t aHaJII~I3 3TI~IX 06pasuos nOKa3a,n,
4T0 npespaluenxe aMMHatIHOI~I CeJII~ITpbI npH Ao6asxe 2,0 H 2,5?ro
KN03 npoTexa,no npH TeMnepaType 22,5 H 20,6?, a s npi3cyTCTSHI3
5% KN03 He Ha6.nloRa.nocb I3 npx 6o.nee Hl~sxol~ TeMnepaType.
TaKHM 06pa30M, OnbITbl C j(06aBKOi-I I{N03 n0~[TBepj[HJIH, YTO
aMMI-Ia~IHa51 CeJII~ITpa CJIe}KHBaeTC51 BO BpeMSI ee nepexORa H3 MOJjI~i-
c~HxauHn III s MoAHCpHKauHIO IV.
CJIe}KHBaeMOCTH aMM13aT-IHOI-I CeJII3Tpb1, CB513aHHOI3 C ee MOJ~13CpFIKa-
uHOHHbIM nepeXOAOM, CHOCOCCTByK)T JjaBJIeHne x s~Iara.
AMMHa~lxax ce.nl3Tpa, He HaxoAxul,axcsl noR Aas,nexHeM, npH nepe-
XOJ~e jlepe3 32,27? TepsleT CBOK) CbIny~IeCTb TOJIbKO R He3HatII~ITeJIbH011
CTeneHH. ORH8K0 yxce He60JIbHIOe JjaBJIeHI3e, paBHOe 0,02 K2~C~YI2,
CH0006CTBVeT B03HHKHOBeHnK) 3Ha~IHTe,11bHOI'O CL[enJleHnSI YaCTHL[.
aMMHa~IHOI3 CeJIIITpbI B MOMeHT nepeXOJ~a, KOTOpOe paCTeT C JjaJIbHeI.i-
HIHM nOBbIHIeHneM J~aBJIeHHSI (pHC. 1).
IIosblmeHHe coRepxcaHHSI B.narn s ce,nr3Tpe oT 0,45 Ao 0,9?io
conposoxcAaeTCx pesKI~IM ysenH~IeHI3eM ee c,nexcHSaeMOCTH, npoueHT
Me.no~II3 noc.ne sia6paul3H yMexblHx,ncsl oT 70 Ro 15. j~a.>Ibxeiimee
nOBbIHIeHHe B1Ia}KHOCTN aMM13acIHOI3 CeJIHTpbI ~j0 1,8% yxce TOJIbKO
He3HatIHTeJIbHO vBeJIHLInBaeT ee CJIe}KNBaeMOCTb (pHC. 2).
COHOCTaBJ1eHNe JjaHHbIX n0 BJInAHHK) BJIa}KHOCTH aMM13a4HOI3 Ce-
JInTpbl Ha ee C1IeNiHBaeMOCTb C JjaHHbl!1~II~I, n0 KOTOpbIM OOpa3I(bI
C OJZI3H8KOB01-I BJIa}KHOCTbIO CJIe3KI3BaIOTC51 C pa31IHLIHOIt 13HTeH-
CHBHOCTbK), n03BOTISIeT npejT,nOJIO}KHTb, T~TO j~TISi npOT2K3HI35I np0-
I(eCCa CJIe}KHBaeMOCTII, CBSi3aHHOIi C MOJ~13CpHKaLjI30HHbIM nepexo-
AoM, HMeeT sxa~IeHl~e He scx s,nara, HaxoAxluaslcx B aMMHa~lHOi3
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
ce.nHTpe, a To.nbxo coAepxcaluaslcx Ha nosepxllocTH ee ~lacrxu Bo speMx
npespatuenxx MouHCpHKauHH III~IV. CoAepscaHHe 3TOx B,narn, npH
HaLIIHX HeCTa6HJIbHbIX VCJIOBHSIX nOJIyrIeHHSI o6pasuoB aMMHa~IHOx
x
PHC. I. BJINHHNe J~aB~IeHNft H8 CJIe-
iKNBaeMOCTb aMMNa4HOFi CeJINTpbI
(III--?IV).
Temneparypa xarpesa-75?, oxnaNCAexxx-
28?. I--6es Ao6axox, I,2% H2O; Z-2?j
Ca(N03)2, 1,3% H2O; 3-1.1% M~(N03)?,
1,25% H2O.
x
2
0
PNC. 2. BJIHHHNe BJIalKHOCTN aMMNagHOCTN
CeJINTpb[ Ha ee CJIeNSNBaeMOCTb ([II-?IV).
jjasnexxe 0,12 rcz che2, remneparypa xarpeea-75?,
oxna~cAexxx 28?. 1-6ea Ao6asox; 2-2% Ca(NOa)2;
CeJIHTpbI, MO}KeT hblTb pa3nH~IHbIM y OCpa3uOB C OAHHaKOBOI3 B.naxc-
HOCTbK). ~T'O pa3.nx~He MO}KeT npHBeCTH K 60.TIbIIIHM KOJIe6aHHHM B
CTeneHH CJIe}KHBaeMOCTH yKa3aHHbIX 06pa3110B aMMHa~IHOH CeJIHTpbI.
0006eHH0 BeJIHKH 3TH KOJIe6aHHH npH TeMnepaType OXJlaxcjjeHHH
o6pasuoB, paaxoH 20? (cM. Ta6.>,eNNe NH~NO~ (IV) E NH.,N03 (III)
N CJIC}KNBaeMOCTb aMMNa9H0{7 CCJINTp6l
B 3TOM HCC.lIeJ1,OBaHHH CJIe>KHBaeMOCTb o6pasuos aMMHaIIHOIf Ce-
JIHTpbI BbI3bIBaJIH HJIH TOJIbKO HX HarpeBaHHeM OT 28 AO 36?, HJIH Ha'
rpesaHHeM Ao 36? c noc.neAylouiHM ox.na~FCp,exNeM Ao 28?.
I~Icc,neRosa.nocb B.nHSIHHe B.nax{IiocTH co,nH H xexoTOpbix ;IOOaBOK
Ila CJIe7KHBaeMOCTb aMMHauHOYI CPTIHTpbt.
CHOCO6 o6pa6oTKH
OcnoBxylo ~FacTb oopa3uos noAsepranH o6pa6oTKe B c(IOpMax
H3 aJIK)MHHHSI, COCTOSIH>,HX H3 KOHA~IeCK01'O KOJIb11a C HaBHHLIHBaIO-
IiIHMHCA KpbIII1KOH N j[OHbIH]KOM. BblcoTa KOHyCa paBHSIJIaCb 30 ~I2h~1,
BepXHNli H HH}KHH4i JjHaM2Tpbt KOHVCa COOTB2TCTBeHHO COCTaBJIHJIE{
40 H 38 ~~.
~CnblTyeMbIN O~pa3elj aMMHa~IHO}I CeJIHTpbI B KOJIH~IeCTBe 27 2
HaCbInaJIH s cpopn~Iy H ynJIUTHSIJIH BH~paljHeFI C nOMOFIjbK) 3JIeKTpO-
NFarHHTHOT'O BH6paTOpa.
HarpeB H ox~aa~KReHHe o6pasuoB npoHasoAH.nH s TepMOCTaTax,
TeMnepaTypy KoTOpblx nop,pepxtHSa,nH cooTBeTCTBexxo pasxoH 36
II 28?. y (~OpMbt C OXJIa~K~J,eHHbIM 06pa3IjOM OTBHH'-IHBaJIH KpbllllKy H
p,OHbIIllKO, 06pa3eC[ BbITaJIKHBaJIH H3 KOHyCa H OnpeJl,eJIHJIH ero cne-
}{{NBaeMOCTb. B OnbITaX, B KOTOpbFX H3VlIaJIOCb BJIHSFIIHe OJ~HOI'O
289
l 9 Tpyu~>> rN an. H~J1~. v
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6nutya 5
BJINAHN2 npeepalgexxA MOJI.(N(pNKflgNN NHgNO3 (IV) B MOJ[N-
(pNKfll!
-
1,20
be3 J1,O6aBOK*
-
I , 20
>
-
0,32
>
-
0,18
Bes uo6aeoa*
-
0,18
Mg(N03)2
1 , 0
1 , 55
Mg(N03)2
I , 1
1 ,20
Ca(N03)2
2, 0
1, 32
Ca(NOa)2
1
0
Ca3(POa)2 *
,
2,0
] 40
Ca(N03)z }*
1,0
1
40
Ca,(POa)2
2,0
,
Menovx Nocne sNb-
pagNN o6pasga s pe-
xarpesa
Ao 36?
xarpesa Ao
36? c no-
cneRyau>,N M
oxna~cAe-
xxeM po
l8?C
xarpesa aMMI3a~IHOi3 ce,nl3Tpbl Ha ee c,nexcxBaeMOCTb, HarpeTblK o6paseu
B TepMOCTaTe xce ocso6o>KAanH xs cpopMbl H noplBepranH sH6pauHx
60
r
P 4
Qo6a6ka,
Pfic. 4. B.nHftHae coAep>KaHyft Ao-
6aBOK i.NTpaT06 KaJIbIINft 41 Mar-
ifest B ammxa~ixoii ce,nBTpe xa ee
cnexcNBaemocTb (IV-VIII).
$JIa N(fIOCTb ce.nxTpb~ I-1.2%. /-AO6as-
Ka Mg(N03)2> 2-,go6aeKa Ca(N03)_.
Bna}ic-
HOCTb,
B xarpeTOM uH.aHHRpe. Heo6xoAHMble
BsseluxsaHHSI A.nx pac~eTa npouexTa
Me.no~IH npoHSSOAH.nH yxce nocne sx-
6pariHH.
B HeKOTOpbIX OnbIT3X* aMMHaiIHyK)
ce.nl~ITpy xarpesa,nH HoA Aas,neHHeM
0,12 Kz/c~2.
1-lOJIyYeHHble j[aHHble OnbITOB C 06-
pa3L(aMI-I CeJII3Tpb1 6e3 ,1(06aBOK n C Jj0-
6aBKaMH npeJ[CTBBJIeHbI B Ta6.n. 5 H Ha
pnc. 4.
KaK c.neAyeT ns sTHx Aanxblx, c.ne-
]KHBaeMOCTb aMMHaLIHOI3 CeJIHTpbI, CBSI-
3aHHaSI C ee HarpeBBHHeM oT 28 Ao 36?
H c noc,neAyloluHM ox.na~ICAexxeM Ao
28~, Bb13bIBaeTCH B OCHOBHOM HarpeBOM
o6pasua.
CJIe}KI3BaeMOCTb aMMHa~IHOI~I CeJINT-
pbl, 06yCJIOBTIeHHaSI OjjHHM TOJIbKO
HarpeBOM B yKa3aHHOM HHTepBaJIe TeMnepaTyp, MO}KeT 6bITb
06bHCHeHa HCKJIK)TIHTeJIbHO ee B03HHKHOBeHH2M B MOMeHT npespaul,e-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Hnfl MOJ1,H(pHKaL~HH IV B MOJ~N(~I-IKaIjHK) III. CJIeNSI3BaeMOCTb xce aM-
MHaiIH013 CeJIATpbI, 06yCJIOBJIeHHafl nOCJIeRyK)IuxM ee ox.naxcAexxeM,
cBflsaxa, ecTecTBexno, c npespaB~eHneM MouncpHKauH13 III~IV.
I'I3MeH2HI3e BJIa}KHOCTI-I CeJII3Tpb1 OT 0, I8 J~O I ,~I% He OKa3bIBaeT
CyLIjeCTBeHHOI'O B.IIIIflHHfl Ha CJIe}KFIBaeMOCTb CeJII3TpbI, B03HHKaK)IilyK)
B MoMeHT nepexoAa NH4NOZ(IV)-~NH4N0;~ (III).
~06aBKH a30THOKHCJIbIX COJIeN KaJlbIinfl N MarHHfl, K2K C.neAyeT
H3 KpI3BbIX pnc. 4 (jjJIfl BapxaHTa o6pa6oTxH Harpe6-ox.naxcAeHHe),
npei(OTBpaH1,aK)T CJIe}KHBaeMOCTb CeJIHTpbI, KOrRa npOljeHT J(06aBKI3
cocTaB.nfleT npH6.nI~sHTe.nbno 1,5 Anfl Mg(N03)., H 5,0% R.nu Ca(N03)~.
~[o6asxa TpxKa,nbuHHCpoccpaTa B xo.nx~lecTBe 2?o He npeAoxpaxfleT
cenl~Tpy oT c,nexci3saeMOCTH (Ta6.n. 5).
1. YcTanoB.neHO, ~ITO aMMHa~Ixafl ce.nxTpa c.nexKI~eHHft (Re-
rnppaT). IIpH yc.noBxslx cn.nas.nennsl (cooTHOnlexNe NH4N0; x CaC03
pasxo 80:20 H 67:33, xonueHTpauNR nJlasa 90-95% , TeMnepaTypa
cnJlasJIeHIIx -~-110?) Mo~KHO noJlyvnTb }KnAKHe, xopomo JlblouzNecR
CnJI3BbI, 3aCTbIBaK)LuI-Ie II pH OXJta}KJ~eHI~IH B TBepAylo MaCCy. IIpH xC-
nOJIb30B8HHH Kap~OHBTHOI'O IIIJIaMa, c0ltep}KaH~ero McHbIIlee KOJ1I3veCTBO
npnMecH rnnca (9,74% CaSO4), noJlyvaloTCx 6o.nee rycTble cn.nasbl.
.iTV OCOCeHHOCTi CnJIflBOB aBTOpbI OC'bACHSIK)T pa3N(n}KaIOLIINM j[eIICTBH-
t'M- rnnca.
1-lOTepH aMMHa4HOP0 a30Ta Ilpn yCJIOBIIRX CnJIaBJI2HHA (000THOIlle-
HHe NH4N03 K CaC03 pasxo 67:33, KoxuexTpauHSl nJlasa 95 % H
TeMnepaTypa 123-127?) cocTaBJISIIOT 1,25-1,31 ?,o , a npH nosblHlexnH
TeMnepaTypbl cn.naBJlexxsl Ao 152-156? noTepn AOCTHraK)T 4,8-6,15%
(aT a6uiero coAepxcaxnx asoTa B cn.nase. Ilpx yseJlHVexHN BpeMeHH
CnJIBBJIeHHft OT 5-15 MI3H. Ao 2 vac. noTepH aMMHavnoro asoTa
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
He H3MeHSIK)TCSI, rI0 JjaHHbIM A. M. ,i~y6oBHUxoro, A. r. ~HJIHHOBa H
C. B. CaAoscxoro4, noTepH aMMHaYHOro asora s npouecce cn,naB.neHHx
cocTas,~xloT 0,08-0,16% asora oT o6u~ero coAepxcaxHx ero B cMecH.
IIpH XpaHeHHx CMeCH HJI$ CnJIaBa aMMHaYHOI-I CeJIHTpbI C H3BeCTHflKOM
B O~bIYHbIX CKJIaJjCKHX yCJIOBHSiX nOTepH aMMH3Ka HH9TON{Hb1.
ABTOpbI CYHTafOT, YTO npHMeHCHHe B CeJIbCKOM X03HI3CTBe cn~Ia-
soB, oco6exno B rpany.aHposaHHOM BNAe, 6o,aee scpcpeKTHBHO, YeM
cMeceH.
KpoMe nepeYHC.neHHblx Bblule pa6oT, ony6.nHKOSaH Taxx{e pRA na-
TeHTOB H Apyrnx MaTepna,noB.
O pasMepax norepb aMMI7avHOro asora B npogecce cn.naB.rteeeA
OCHOBHOI-I CTaJjHeId npouecca no.nyYexxx H3B2CTKOBO-aMMHaTIHOII
CeJIHTpbI SIBJISIeTCH CnJIaBJIeHHe aMMHaiIHOli CeJIHTpbt C Kap60H2TOM
KdJIbIjHSI.
IIpH CnJIaBJIeHHH B pesy,nbTaTe B3aHMOj[eI3CTBHSI TIaCTH aMMHaLIHOH
CeJIHTpbI C Kap~OHBTOM KaJIbI~HH n0 ypaBHeHHK)
2NH4N03 -I- CaC03 = (NH,,)2C03 -{-- Ca(N03)2 (j)
06pa3yK)TCSI HHTpaT KaJIbIjHSi, COJ1,ep}KdHHe KOTOpOI'O s cn/Iase Hs-
B2CTKOBO-aMMHaLIHOI3 CeJIHTpbI COOTBeTCTByeT 3KBHBaJIeHTHOMy KOJIH-
YeCTBy Bblj(eJIHBLIIerOC51 Kap60H2Ta aMMOHHSf. 1-lOCJIeJjHHI3 npH TeMne-
paType cn.>tas.aenxx AHCCOUxxpyeT Ha NHS H COQ no ypasxeHHlo
(NH4)~CO~ = 2NH3 -{- COQ --~ HBO (2)
YTO H npHBOJ~HT K nOTepSIM aMMHBKa.
r1pOJ~yKTbI pa3JI0}KeHHSi-yrJIeKHCJIbIFI I'a3 H aMMHBK-BbI36IBalOT
3HaLIHTeJIbHOe BCneHHBBHne. $e1IHYHHa nOTepb aMMHaTIHOI'O a30Ta B
npOL(eCCe CnJIaBJIeHHSI 3aBHCHT OT pSIJj3 (~aKTOpOB.
BbISICHeHHe BJIHHHHSI 3THX (paKTOpOB Ha pasMep nOTepb aMMHaLIHO-
r0 a30Ta H npei[CT3BJISIJIO 3HaLIHTeJIbHbII3 npaKTHLIeCKHI3 HHTepeC,
BJInAHHe CTCRQHN N3MeJI64eHNA
B HaHIHX nCCJlej(OBaHHSIX npHMeHAJIOCb c.neAyloruee cblpbe;
1
1'1
)
3B2CTHSIK OC)HJjHMCKOTO 3aBOj(a:
CocTaa
CaC03 96, 5
Mg0 0, 8
A1203-~Fe203 1, 0
SiO~ 0,8
S 0,15
P 0,01
BJIa}KHOCTb H3BECTHAKOBOCU
K2MHft
CTeneHb I33MeJIb~IeHHSi nyJjpbl 0,12-0,06 .xAt ~npOXOJjHT LIepe3
CHTO C LIHCJIOM `ZJ00-10 OOO OTBepCTHFi Ha 1 CM2).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
2) Me11 ,J10TOBCKOK-Cenapl3pOB8HHbIH, 1ue6eKHHCKOTO McJIKOM-
C)HHBTa (KypcxaSl o6nacTb):
CocTas ~~
CaCOs ~- MgCOa 95,8
R 203. 0 , 5
HepaCTBOpNMbI& B CO!IAHON KHC.90Te 1 1
BeuiecTB 0 O1
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CTeneHb H3MeJIbTIeHHSI-OCTBTOK Ha CHTe Ns lOO (1600 OTBepCTHFi
Ha 1 c~2)-0,5%.
CHTOBOI3 axanH3 no c~paxuxH:
PaaMep YacTHU, MM j(O 0,12 Ao 0,075 Ao 5,06 Mexee 2,06
KonHYecTao, % 63,8 28,9
3) Kap60H8THbIII HIJIaM BOZ[OOLIHCTKH bepe3H13KOBCKOI3 TD1~,
IIpOMbITbII3 H BbICyLLIeHHbiFI:
~o
COCT26
CaC03
91,5
18
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4,
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0 62
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07
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0
04
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.
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CaO.
C HTOBOIi aHanHs
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0,075
10
6
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8
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,
,
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3BOJIHT HaH60JIee npaBHJIbHO ~? 07
IIOJ~OI3TH K Bbl60py pauxo- F bas
HaJIbHOII CxeMbl pa3MOJIbHOFI?~ b0,5
H
,L1,JISI yCTBHOBJIeHH51 BJIHSIHHA CTeneHH I.13MeJIbTIeHHSI nyJjpbl H3-
B2CTHHKa Ha BeJIHLIHHy nOTepb aMMHaT~HOTO a30Ta 6bIJIH IIOCTBBJIeHbI
JI860paTOpHbie OnbITbI (TBKHe jI,aHHble B ,nHTepaType OTCyTCTByIOT).
)'CTBHOBK v~
NTH OnbITbl npOBeReHbI t ~ 0,4
npH c.neAylOluxx ycnosxxx: ~b0,9
xoxueHTpauHSl n.naaa 94%, e~~~
COOTHOH]eHHe NH4N03 x ~ o,~
CaC03=60:40, npoAonxcH- E~ 0,04 0,06 0,075 0,10 0,>2 0,>4 0,>6
TeJIbHOCTb CHJIaBJIeHHSi 1O C?'g~ Cmenenn ~3MenoyeHU.n u.~BecmnAtia. MM
MHH., TeMnepaTypa cn.naB-
,neHHSI 125-145? H ,cTenexb PHC. 1. B,nHxxne CTeHeHN H3MeJIb9eHNSI H36eCT-
bI H3- HHKa xa noTepH aMMNa9HOi'O a30Ta B npouecce
H3MeJ[bLIeHHH nyRp cnnaBnexnR.
secTxxxa 0,12; 0,075 H
0,06 ~~.
nO,TIyLIeHHble AaHHbie IIpeJjCTBBJIeHbI Ha pl3c. 1.
1'I3 npHBeAeHHbiX RaHHbIX BHJjHO, iITO nOTepH aMMHa~IHOTO a30Ta
(IIO OTHOIIIeHHIO K OCIIJ,eMy COJ1,epxcaHHIO eT0 B CMeCH) B03paCTaIOT C
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
yBeJlN~feHNeM CTeHeHN N3MeJIbT{eHNSI HyJ~pbI N3BeCTHSIKa. ~TO MO}KHO
06'bSICHNTb TeM, ~ITO npN NOBbILHeHNN CTeN2HN N3MeJIbYeHNSI Kap6o-
HBTa KaJIbIjNSI yBeJIN~INBaeTC51 NOBepXHOCTb COnpNKOCHOBeHNSI NC-
XOJjHbIX BeujecTS. IIoc,aeAHxx o6yc.noB.nNSaeT ~OJIbHIyK) BepOSITHOCTb
npOT2K3HNSI 06MeHHOIi peaKIjNN Me}Kj[y aMMNa~IHOI~t CeJINTpOFI N Kap-
60HaTOM KaJIbI(NSI, 4T0 N HpNBOJjNT K yBeJIN~IeHNK) HOTepb aMMNBKa
B HpOgeCCe CHJIaBJIeHNSI.
B.1-NSIHNC KOHI~QHTpagHN n.nasa
NISI npOBepKN BTINSIHNSI KOHgeHTpaIlliN nJIaBa Ha noTepN aMMNa~I-
HOI'O a30Ta B npouecce cn,aaB.nexxu 6bIJIN nOCT8B.1IeHbI ONbITbI NpN
OJjNHBKOBbIX yCJIOBNSIX CnJIaBJIeHNSI (TeMnepaTypa 125?, cooTHOmexxe
NCXOJ~HbIX BeLIjeCTB 6O 4O, npOj(OJI}KNTe.TIbHOCTb CnJIaBJIeHNSI lO MNH.
N pa3JINYHOI3 KOIiIjeHTpaLINN HJIaBa aMMNa4HOI~I CedlNTpbI-85, 9O,
92N94o):
Pe3y.nbTaTb1 sTNx onblTO6 npeRcTaB.neHbl B Ta6,n. 1.
Ta6~uua >
BJINAHNC KOHI~CHTpaI{HA NHgNa3 Ha ACJIH4NHy IIOTepN BMMN$4HOf'O 830TH
II OTCpIi TMMN24IIOI'O 830T8 R ~~ K 0611{eMy
fi'O l'OJjfpN{e H11I0 6 CMfCN
.~^
cepini
cnn
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~ Yc,nogea
c
aHnn
85 ~
90 ~
92
~ 94
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0,37 0,25 -
0, 17
Tea~HepaTypa cn.~aB~~eHHA 125?,
11 - 0,41 0,35
0,2~
COOTHOHICHHe NE-]gNOg K
~.~C03 = 60:40, JjJINTeJIb-
HOCTb CCIJI8 B~T0HNA IO ~''NH.,
CT2H2H6 H3M2JI6q!'HHA H3-
BeCTHAKB 0,075 d2ht
TO AZe, CT2170H6 N3MeJIb9eHNA
1~1 - - 0, 49
0>~ 7
11382CTHAK~ 0,06 M.Lt
TO NCt', CTCHC'Hb H3M2JIb9PH NA
i t I I ~ nte.na U, 12 h2~c
kaK BNRHO H3 JjaHHbIX Ta6JI. 1, C HOBbIHIeHN2M KOHIjeHTpaL[NN
nJlaBa aMMNa~IH013 CeJINTpbI Ha6JIIOj(aeTCSI TeH,~eHIjNSI K NOHNN{eHNK)
HOTepb aMMNaLIHOI'O a30Ta. 1'13 9TNX J~aHHbIX BbITeKaeT NpaKTNTIe-
CKNI3 BbIBOJj, ~ITO JjJISI HOJIy~IeHNSI npOjjyKTa C MNHNMaJIbHOI4 BJia}K-
HOCTbIO MO}KHO npNMeHSITb n.naB aMMNa~IHOI~I Ce1INTpbI 60JIee BbICOKOII
KOHIjeHTpaL[NN, He ONflCaSICb HpN 3TOM B03paCT8HNSI NOTepb aMMNa9-
HOI'O a30Ta B npOIjeCCe CHJIaBJIeHNSI.
BJINAHNQ H1~OIItiOJIHCNTQJIbHOCTH CHJIaBJ1eHNA
BO BC2X HaHINX OHbITBX npOJjOJI}KNTeJIbHOCTb CnJIaBJIeHNSI CO-
CTBBJIAJIa lO MFIH., B TeileHNe KOTOpbIX HpN 9Hep1'N~IHOM CMeHINBBHNN
iIOJIy9a.Tlacb BHOJIHe OJ~HOpOJjHaSI MBCCa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6nui{a 2
Bnx~xxe npoAOn~cxrenbxocrx cnnaenexxst xa senxvxxy norepb ammxavxoro asoTa
[]poRon~cN-
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II OTP.pN aMMNaiIHOI'O a30Ta B % K 0611(('.My
eC0 COJjepxca llNlO H CMCCN HpN COOTHONIeH NN
NHgN03 K CaC03
YCJIOBNfl NpOBf'.}[f IINA
ON 61Ta
10
0, 46
0, 32
0, 21
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30
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135", Tonnea noMO~a
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2, 01
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IIO JjaHHbIM T. H. I'Op1[1TeI1}ia H E. E. XaTHHCKOII3, BpeMft CHJ1aB-
JIeHHR aMMHaLIIlO}I Ce7HTpb1 C KapOOHBTOM KaJIbIjHA He BJINHeT IIa
Be,aHYI~IIy noTepb aMMHaY-
Horo asoTa B npouecce ~F 2,6
CHJIaBTIeHHSI. ~T06bI np0- d~ 1,6
BepHTb npaBNJIbHOCTb 9T0- ~d1,B
I'O BbIBO,Il,a, HBMH 6bIJIn np0- 001'4
Bejl,eHbl TpH CepNH OHbITOB, Zp12
B KOTOpbIX BpeMA CHJIaB- bd~g
.neHHx cocTaB.na~o 10, 30 H Taos
6~ MHH. bo0,4
~OJIyYeHHble JjaHHble ~a0,2
FF
RpHBej[eHbt B Ta6,n. 2 H Ha c~ 810 16 24 3032 40 4B 56 h'k
pnC. 2. `o Rperon cnnaBnenua,Mr~aymoi
~3 9THX AaHHbIX B13AH0, p~ic. 2. B,rinAatte Bpemeen cn.naB.~~enian na no'
4T0 C yBeJIHYeHHeM BpeMeH1~1 Tepn am~~nairnoro ascrra.
CHJIaBJIeHnH aMMAatIHOFi Ce-
.TIHTpbI C Kap60H8TOM KaJIbLIHA HOBbIllIdK)TCA HOTepI~I aMMHa9HOI'O
a30Ta.
CJIeJ~OBdTeJIbHO, B 3aBO1~CKAX yC,IIOBHHX FIV}KHO CTpeMHTbCSI K
COKpaLI);eHHiO BpeMeHH CHJIaBJIeHHH.
BJIH9HHe COOTHOWeHNA HCXOJ(HbIX Belll,eCTB
N3yYeIINe BJII~ISIHHSI COOTHOHIeHHSI aMMIIak-IHOI~I CeJIATpbI H Kap60-
H3Ta KaJIbIjIISI Ha BeJIIILII-IHy HOTepb aMMHaYHOI'O a30Ta IIpOBOJ~HJIH
npl3 OHTHMaJIbHbIX yCJIOBHHX Cn.naB.neHHx ~KOHI[eHTpaL[NSI HJIaBa
94p/0, TOMnepaTypa 13Jr~, CTeIIeHb I~I3MeJIbtIeHHH H3B2CTHSIKa 0,1`~ ~~yy~
npOj(OJI?KnTeJIbHOCTb CnJIaBJIeHHSI l0 MHH.~. Pe3yJIbTBTbI 9THX OnbITOB
np1~BeAenbl B Ta6~n. 3.
~T13 J~aHHble HOKa3bIBaK)T, 9T0 C yBEJIHTIeHI~IeM COAep3KaHHSI Kap-
60H8Ta KaJIbIl,n51 B Cn.naBe nOTepH aMMHaYHOI'O a30Ta B npogecce
CHJIaBJIeHHSI HOLITH HpHMO HpOHOpL[IIOHaJIbHbI yBeJIHYeHHK) COAep}Ka-
HI~ISI Kap60HdTa KaJIbI[HSI.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
BospacTaxl7e noTepb asoTa c.ne- Ta6auc{a 3
Ayer OTHeCTH 3a CYeT yBe.nNYeHNSI BnNAxxe CoOTxoWeHNx NHgN03 K
nOBepXHOCTH B3aHMOjjeHCTBNH HC- CaC03 xa eenxvxxy noTepb ammxav-
XOJjHbIX BeHjeCTB. xoro asoTa
$JINAHNC TCMnCpaTypbl CNJI86JIeHNA I norepx ammeav-
L1T06bI yCTBHOBHTb BJIHSIHI-Ie TeM- GoorHOwenue I uoro asoTa s
NHgNOg x CaCOa h o6u~emy ern
nepaTypbl CnJIaBJIeHNSI Ha BeJIHLIHHy coAep>xaHUro
s cmecx
nOTepb aMMHaYHOI'O a30Ta, 6bIJIH
npOBej(eHbl OnbITbl B yCJIOBHSIX, axa- gp : 20 0,21
JIOrNLIHbIX npHBe,IleHHbIM BbIHIe, HO
npn pasHblx TeMnepaTypax c'n.na6- 60:40 0,32
neHHR (125, 135 H 145?). 50:50 o,4s
Pe3yJIbTaTbl 3THX OnbITOB npeA-
cTas.neHbl Ha pnc. 3.
113 npHBeReHHbIX J~aHHbIX BHJjHO, YTO TeMnepaTypa CnJIaBJIeHHSi
OKa3bIBaeT 3HaYHTeJIbHOe BJINHHHe Ha BeJIH~IHHV nOTepb aMMHaYHOI'O
a30Ta B npouecce CnJIaBJIeHHSI. Ec,nH npH TeMnepaType CnJIaBJIeHnSI
125? H COOTIiOIIIeHHH 6O 4O nOTepH COCTBBJISIK)T O, 17 ~o , TO npH T2M-
nepaType 135? noTepH yBe.nHYHBaIOTC~ s p,Ba pasa, a npH 145?-
s nslTb pas no cpaBlleHnlo c noTepxMH npH TeMnepaType 125?.
)!13 3TOP0 M07KH0 CJjeJIaTb BbIBOjj, YTO BJInSIHHe T2MnepaTypbl Ha
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6o.nee 3HaYHTe.RbHbIM n0 CpaBHeHHIO C p,pyrHMH CpaKTOpaMN.
CJIeJjOBBTeJIbHO, npx COOTBeTCTByK)LueM nOHH]KeHHH TeMnepaTypbl
IvnT1aBJIeHASi, yMeHbLIIeHHH BpeMeHH B3aHMOJjeI{CTBnSI KOMHOH2HTOB
K Ap. noTepH aMMHaYHOro
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~ aMMHaLIHOl~t CeJIHTpbI c xap6o-
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C ~ Tennspamgpa cnnaBneNan, ?C 6aBJIeHHSI K peareHT2M He-
6o.nbinHX KOJIHYeCTB HHTpaTa
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~~a norepa aMMnaynoro asora. (1,5-`~?0). ~TH Ao6aaxH, oYe-
BNRHO, cAsHraloT peaxuHto Bsa-
FIMOAeI3CTBHSI aMMHBYHOI~i CeJlnTpbl C yrJIeKNCJibIM KaJlbuNeM B,neBylo
CTO1JOHy ~CM. VpaBHeHHSi 1, 2), T. e. yMeHblllalOT 06pa30BaHNe HHTpaTa
KaJIbuHA. IIpH 3TOM yMeHbLIIaK)TCSI nOTepN aMMNa9HOC0 a30Ta. TaK,
B ~TUx onblTax npennMa.aa yvacTE+e A. Z[. ~pnp,Man.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
HanpHMep, npH co,~ep>xaxHH Mg(N03)z s Hcxo,gxol~ aMMHaYHOH ce-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
aMMNa9H01-I CeJINTpbI C N3B2CTHSIKBMN pa3JIN9HON C1'eHeHN TBep,I1,OCTN,
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~TH AaHHble HOKa3b[BaK)T, YTO nOTepN aMMHaYHOI'O a30Ta npH
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
3a cYeT Hcno.nb3osaHHx ~TOro Ko.aHYecTSa aMMHaxa, TepxeMOro
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
__ _
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Tnn
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
4. KpaTKOBpeMeHHOe a30TIipOBaHxe ~[aeT nOKpblTxe HOBbIHIeHHOIt
I33H000CTOI3KOCTx, o6ecne~IxsaloxJ.ee xopomylo npxpa6oTKy asoTxpo-
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L~HI~II~ITMAllI, KHNra II, MallICN3, 1948.
`2. 10. M. JI a X T N H, ~N3N 4eCKNe OCHOBbI IIpOIIeCCa a30TN POB2HNSI, MawrNS, 1948.
3. I'I. E. K O H T O p O B N 4, Tep MN4CCKaH O6pa60TKa CTa:IN N 4yrVHa, McTaa ly'~r-
N3JjaT, 1950.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
,Ijorcmop me~rr. rtaytc N. ~. I'OJIY6EB,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
KOJIIIaYKN KOHCTpyKTNBH0 04eHb pa3HOO6pa3Hbl; npN 3TOM npe-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
KauNOnnax cexuNx npeAcTas.nx.na co6oi~ u~e.nb Mex{Ay Bpau~aloNzeHCx
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
4 XBQKyyar-
PNC. Z, CTOKJlft HH2ft J1860p8TOPH8ft POTOPH~3ft P2KTH[~1NKagNOHH?ft
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18-ocHOH~+oii KOHJ{CHCaTOp; I9-KanCJIbHHf(8: ?0-KpaH; ?i-XOJIOJ{nJIbH4IK.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
CTaKaH 12 H3 CTaJIn ~ 1-T ~TOJIn~I-IHa CTeHKn 0,5 JVtJIt) C CBO~OJ~HO nOCa-
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H 1400 06~MHH, poTOpa ee 3(iX~EKTHBHOCTb onpeAeriexa paBHOH 30
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
PNC. 3. McTa.n.nHUecxaA .na6opaTOpeaH po-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
~IeHNft. A~Ix 3roro npIiHNMaloujNH c~.aerMy ANCx pa3Ae,neH NeperopoA-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
c~~zernlbl, cretcaFOlueH o6paTxo B Ko~~IOxxy, TeMnepaTypa olipy'x:aloH>,eu
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D6aeaHaA ckopocme papa, M/ac
I'iic. 6. ~~Ir~Ie~Til~xocTb I:o.~oxxbi a sa- ~iic. 7. Y;~e.Tbxax iloTepa ,~aB.7eHilu B
p?p1C11110CTf1 UT _Cli.O~OCT4t Ila~O[1 13 3'a30,paX, 3aBNCNMOCTif OT 06'beMHOH CIiOpOCTH papa
a aa~opax np~t pas,nitutibix vHC.~ax o6opo-
Tos mloTOpa:
1-]400 o6%m~in.; 2-?300 o6~m~~ri.
~CTaHOBd3eH0 TaK}Iie,, tITO 3(~CpeKTNBHOCTb I{OJIOHKN HpN OjjNHHKO-
-BON HpON~B0~1NT2J1bHOCTN HfJ~ITN He N3M2HSIeTCSf C N3M2H2HH2M iINCJIa
~OGOpOTOB ,~p,JIS{ HpHM~eHelIHbIX Hc~MH ~IZ;ICeJI 4C~OpOTOB). ,L[aHHaSI KOH=
~CTp~'KL11iSi MO}KeT 61~[Tb NC'IIO.lIb30BflHa J~.TISI pa3JjeTIeHNH }KN~KIIx CMe-
~l'eBl .Kati ~Hpg ~TMOC(~ep130M J1,aBJIeHNN, Tc'lK kI TTOj1, BflKVy'MOM.
B6dBOJj6[
~1. OHIYCaH~aT pasp~aooT~x~~Ie H Ncn~ITax~i~~e B .na6oparopNN Hpo-
I~eccoii II anN.aparoB I~I'IAII a~oxcTpyxul~N poTOpllbix peKTNC~NKagxoH-
'H'bIX KO.,'~IOH.OK {CTeI(?nSiHHbIX Ii McTaJLJINtI~eCKHX) C IIpNMeHeHNeM HOBOI'O
'HpNHL(NNa Oj[H~lJBpeMeH,~lO1,I Me%BHNiIEC'KOI3 T'~p~VJIN3a11NN1KHj),KOId N
17.apOBOFi (~)i13_
2. LIpH pa00TE H'8 3T2JIOHH:OIY 'PI pa6O'47IX CML'CSIX OHNCaHHble KO-
JIO~IiKI'I i70,Ka3iI.T~ti B:bICOIS}'I() 3(~](~KTiI.BH.OCTb ~],pli O~IeHb MaJIOM rNJj-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
paB,nn~IecxoM conpoTNB.rrexnx xa 1 ATT. Cxopoclb Bpau~eHNx poTOpa
He npeBblula,na 1400 o6/MNH.
3. OnNCaHa MHOPOL[HJII3HJ~pOBaB pOTOpHaH - peKTH(~I3KaIjIIOHHaS{
KOJIOHKa C DpOTI3BOIIOTIO}KHbIM Bpali~eHneM COCe~jHIdX IjnJII3Hj[pOB;~
nOKa3aHa B03M03KHOCTb C03RaIIAH KOJIOHOK TBKOI'O THIIa IIa 60JIbIIIyK)
npOI33BOJ),nTeTIbHOCTb.
4. yCTBHOBJIeHa iZe1Ie000fjpa3HOCTb npI3M2H2HI35I pOTOpHbIX KO-
JIOHOK C McX8HnT3eCKIiM Typ6y.TII33aTOpOM AJIR BBKyVMHOI3 peKTI3(~I3-
KaLjI3I3.
ABTOpbI OTMeLIaK)T LjeHHyK) nOMOII],b, OKa3aHH)IK) HM M. H. Ec~pe-
MOBbIM B KOHC1'pynpOBBHI~In yKpynHeHHOI3 na6opaTOpnoK n MHOro-
11H1InHJjpOBOII pOTOpHbIX peKTI3CpI3KaLjnOHHbIX KOJIOHOK.
JIHTeparypa
I. S. D. L e s e s n e, II. L. L o c h t e, Ind. Eng. Chem., Anal. Ed., 10, 450
(1938).
2. B. A. I(a3aHCKHf1, M. 14. PoaexrapT, O. II. C070BOBa, I~Ise.
AH CCCP, JVa 1, 97 (1941).
3. A. 1I. H p .n FI x, b. H. B p y rt c, }RAYS, 5, 44 (1950).
4. A. H. B p o A c x H H, O. K. C x a p p e, ~K~X, 13, 451 (1939).
5. H. C. U r e y, L. ~ r e i f f, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 57, 321 (1935); II. C. U t c y,
C~. B. P e g r a m, J. R. Huffman, J. Chem. Phys., 4, 623 (1936).
6. Ch. B.Willingham,V.A.Sedlak,F.D.Rossini,L.W.~rv"est-
h a v e r, Ind. Eng. Chem., 39, 706 (1947); cM. TaxNCe: ~HSHVecxax xHMH~
pa3J{eJTeHHST CMeC2Ft.. C60pHrIK 1. ~eCTH7JISI1[HR H pC'KTHCpHKaI(TIA, I'I3J~aT-
Hx.nHT, 1949.
7. C. I-I a n d s, F. Whitt, J. Appl. Chem., 1, 67 (1951).
8. B. S t u k e, Chem. Ing. Technik, 25, 677 (1953).
9. Joshida, Koyanagi,. Katayama, Ind. Eng.. Chem., 46, 1756 (1954).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
XAPAKTEPNCTNKA HEKOTOPb1X PEN(NMOB PA60Tbt
Ai'PE['ATA PA3J~EJIEHN~1 B03ZjYXA i'-6800
~JIR HOJI~'4eIIHR 60JIbLllHX KOJIIiLI2CTB a30Ta H3 aTMOC(~epIIOrO
603J~yXa M2TOj(OM r.ny6oxoro OXJIa}K~eHHH B HpOMbH1IJ12HIIOCTH HpH-
McHSIIOTCx arperaTbl I'-6800.
Pa3Re,nexlle BosRyxa B arperaTax I'-6800 N
HpOH3BOJjHTCH HO L[HKJIy C J~RyMSi JjaBJI2HHSI-
MI3 H aMMHa9HbIM OXJIa}KJ~eHHeM.
bo.nbLHax ~IaCTb pa3JjeJISIeMOI'O B03j(yXa
(800) C}KHMaeTCH J~O 6 C1112~Y1, OCTaJIbHaSI
xacTb (20"~o)-Ro 100-200 amp.
Bb16op ~THx ~aBJIexHH o6ycJloB~~eH, c
O,i[HOH CTOpOHbI, OCyQ~eCTBJIeHH2M HpOI(eCCa
pa3J~eJ12HH51 B03AyXa Ha a30T H KHCJIOPOJ~ B
KOJIOHHe J~ByKpaTHOrt peKTHI~HKaL[HH 1, a C
ApyroH-Ileo6xoRHMOCTbIO o6ecrle~IHTb Ro-
CTBTOLIHOe KOJIH9eCTB0 XOJIOJ~a RJISI HOKpbI-
THA HOTepb Ha HeJ~OKyHepaljHK) H B OKpy-
xcaloluyro cpeRy.
1
MHHHMaJIbHOe JjaBJI2HHe B HH}KHei'I KO-
~~oHHe 1 (cM. prlcyxox) orlpeAeJlsleTCx ~HCTO- BOady~
., NLL3K020
rHApas.nx~IecKHM conpoTHBJIeHHeM Bceil cH-
...,?~Ta 3aBHCHMOCTb O~'bSICHSIeTCSI TeM, ~ITO O'QB./T?H11A
KOHJ~eHCflTOp ~ SIBJISIeTCSf OJjHOBpeMeHHO Ae-
(~JlerMaTOpOM Z[JISI HH}KHeI3 KOJIOHHbI 1 H HC_ KO~OHHa AeyKparxoH
p@KTN[~NKdI(NN:
HapHTeJIeM JlJISI BepXHeI~I KOJIOHHbI ~3.
I-HN?KHAfl KOJIOHHa; 2-IiOH-
TaK K8K CMeCb KHCJIOpO,ija H a30Ta, KII- AetFCaTOp; 3-sepxasFH xonoHFla.
HAHZaft B Me}KTpy6HOM HPOCTpaHCTBe, Bb13b1-
BaeT CNCH7KeHNe Hapos HpaKTH~IeCKH ~IHCTOI'O a30Ta B Tpy6HOM
LIpOCTpaHCTRe KOHAeHCBTOpa, TO 3TOT T2IIJI006M2H B03M03KeH TOJIbKO
HpI3 HaJIH~IHH pa3HOCTH TeMHepaTyp. ~OCKOJIbKy TeMHepaTypa KH-
rIeHHH xHC.nopoRa BbIHIe TeMHepaTypbl KHIIeHHSI a30Ta, C03j(aHHe B
KOHJI,eHCaTOpe HeOCXOjjHMOIi pa3HOCTH T2MHepaTyp ROCTHraeTCSi yCTa-
HOBJIeHIIeM 60JIEe BbICOK01'O JjaBJIeHHSI B HH3KHeIi KOJIOHHe.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
_. ___ __
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
RpEi ~nK)60M J~aBJIeHHH B BepXHeH KOJIOHHe YMeHbHI2HHe pa3HOCTH
TeMHepaTy'p BbI36IBaeT yBeJIH4eHHe HOBepXHOCTH TeHJI006MeHa KOH-
p,eHCaTOpa, HO HpH 3TOM COOTBeTCTB2HH0 CHH}KaeTCSi JjaBJIeHHe B
HHyKHeFt KOJIOHHe, a CJIejjOBBTeJIbHO, H paCXOA 3JIeKTp03HeprHH Ha
HpOC[eCC pa3JjeJIeHHSI B03J~yXa.
O BJ[HSIHHH pa3HOCTH TeMHepaTy'p B KOH,'jeHCflTOpe Ha VCT8H8BJIH-
BaIOH[eeCSI j[aBJIeHHe B Bepxxeil H HH}KHeI[ KOJIOHHBX MO}KHO CVAHTb
rI0 ~aHHbIM, HpHBeJjeHHb[M B Ta6JIHIl,e.
J~asneeee B KOJIOHHe JjByKPaTHOF1 peKTNIfINKagNN
(amu)
h:13fIOCTb
Tl Yt I7C~JT}'()
3,9
4,25
4,6
r~
5, 45
4,2
4,55
4,9
5,35
5,8
4,5
4,85
5,25
5 7
6,1
I,s ~ 2,0
4,75
5,15
5 6
6,U
6,5
5,05
5,5
5,6
6,4
6,8
5,35
5,8
6,25
6,7
7,1~
5 9
6,35
6,8
7 , 3.,
/,~~~
6,35
6,8
7,4
B,I~
8,45
;'~rpeI'aT pa3~eJ[eIIHft B03JZ}'Xa r-6800 paCCT{HTBH Ha BbI,~a4}' 99,95`,'0
a30Ta II 9230 KHCJIOpO~a, HpII 3TOM B HH7I(HeI~[ KOJ[OHHe VCTBHflBJIHBaeT-
cR ,~asJieiiHe 6,5 ama, a B BepxxeH-1,4 ama.
IIO pa3JIH~EHbIM IIpHLII{HdM 3a HOC1eJ~HHe rOAbI HpI-IHIJIOCb HOBbICI3Tb
~jaBJ[eHHe B BepXHeli KOJ[OHFIe ~O 1,6-1,7 ama, He HMeSI B03M03KHOCTH
IIO VCIIOBHSIM McXaHH4eCKOIt Hp04HOCTFI COOTBeTCTBeHHO HOJjHSITb AaB-
JIeHHe B HHN{HeF[ KOJIOHHe.
OCTIBJISISI I{eH3MeHIIbIM jjaBJleHHe B HH}KHeFt KOJIOHIIe H HOBbIHIaSI
B TO x:e BpeMa AaB.neHlle B BepXHel~I KOJ[OHHe, HeH36e}KIiO HpH 3TOM
CHI{3F{JIH I{ pa3HOCTb TeMHepaTyp B KOHj[eHCBTOpe H3-3a VBeJIH~IeHHSI
TeMHepaTy'pbI KIIHeHHSI CMeCH KHCJIOpOJ~a H a30Ta.
ArperaT I'-6800 6bIJI HpI{cnoco6,neH j[JISI BbIAa~IH 98?,o xI{c,nopo,~a
HvTeM or6opa aproxxoiT I~paxgHH.
PaBxosecHax Kol{geHTpauHx xcH1(KOt~ cpaabl HpH oT6ope 9230 raso-
oopasltoro KHCJropoAa cocTaB,nReT 97,7?,0, a HpH oT6ope 983v KHC~~o-
poAa 99,530. TeMHepaTypa KHHeHHR cMecH, cocTOxH~eis H3 97,730
KHCJtopoRa H 2,330 asoTa HpH P=1,4 ama, pasxa 92,6?K, a TeMHe-
paT~-pa KHHeHHR cMecH, coRep}Kau>;ei'199,5% KHCJTCTBNN KaJI61(Nft N MapraHiia.
~KCnpeCCNI2TOjj COCTONT B OCaN(J~eHNN M~drHNft N3~bITKOM TNTpO-
BaIIHOI'O paCTBOpa (~OC(~aTa KaJINft C nOC,TI2J),ylOnjNM (~OTOKOJIOpNMPT-
pNYeCKNM Onpe~e,,'IeHNeM 3TOI'O N36bITKa. McTO;j OCHOBBH ]Ia peaKL[Nli
BOCCT2HOBJIeHNft MOJINO~[eFIOBOii KNCTIOTbI B OKNCeJI MOJIN6JZeHa, KOTO-
pblYr oxpa~ex B ro.ny6oN uaeT (M002.4MOO.iI. IIoc,neRxNH BcTynaeT
B peaKF[N}O C (~OC(~OpHOl~i KNCJIOTOYI H AaeT B CNJIbHOKIiCJIOIF CpeAe
coeANxexNe (M00.,~4MOO,i?H;~PO,?4Hz0), oxpa~exxoe B ftpxocrl-
xn>i user.
J~,nft npoBepKN TonxocTli oKCnpecc-McTORa HaMi~ nposeAeHbl onpe-
jjeTleHnft Rift Cp3BHeHNft RaHHbIX, nOJIV~IaeMbIX (~OTOKOJIOpNMeTpN42-
CKNM N BeCOBbIM McTOt'(aMN. Pe3yJIbTr1TbI 3TNX OnpeJjeneHNII npepCTaB-
netibl B Ta6,n. 1.
Ta6~uua 1
CpaBNNTeJ16HbFe J1aNHb1e NO ONpeAeneHNro MaFHNH (~OTOKOJIOPNMCTpN4CCKNM
N BeCOBWM McTOp,aMN
\~~
onpeRe.ne-
HNN
cj~oTOtio nohNhleTpNVe-
C1CNI1 McTOJ{
BccosoPi
McTO jj
0,450
0,190
0,4508
0,1905
\~~
onpeACne-
nNlf
[~OTOIiO ~OI7NMeT(1N4f-
CHNI( McTOJ{
P,CC ONt>I I
?~lel'O;j
0,147
0,049
0, LiiO
0,0491
KaK BNJjHO H3 npNBeJjeHHbIX ,TjaHHbIX, (~OTOKOJIOpNMeTpNgeCKNIu
McTOJj J;aeT j(OBOJIbHO CXOANMble pe3yJIbT8Tb1 ~3a NCKJIIO~IeHNeM 3-r0
OnpeJ~eJIeHNft~. II03TOMV MbI OCT3HOBNJINCb Ha 3TOM McTOJje OnpeAe.ne-
HNSI MarFiNft.
~` Pa3pa60TaFi F~ay4Fi0-NCC.7 eJjOB2Te.T bCKNM NHCTNTYTOM yAo6pexNH N NNCer.-
TO(pyHr4iCNJj08 J(AA ONpeJ{e 7eHNA Mg B NCXOJjHOM paCTBOpe HNTpaTHbIX C0.9e{1.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
2.JIaoopaTOp~ible onbiTb~
Pesy~~bTaTb~ cepHn onbiTOS no Bb~~le~zeHHlo npHMeceii H3 pacTBO-
poB aMMHavHOH ce,aHTpbi ~BysaMeu~eHHb~M ~pocc~aTOM amMOHHa npeA-
CT2BJIeHbI B Ta6~I. ~.
Tu6.aur4a 2'
Co,gepxcaxxe npxn+eceH g pacTeopax aMn+xa~FxoN cenxrpnF, o6pa6orarax;rux
(NHQ)~HPO,~
Co~epa:aene co,nea n~aruxa, cvuras~ tia ~~IgO. Hoene
H
ct:.iAe.~et~un np~t~tece~7,
a~~a.ali}3oe _
,N's ont,t
ri
cuA
~OJ
epxct~eur ,~uatpo~;;a (NH
lflf ~'~~", ;)_H pO~, ?u OT lIf XIiUME'I'p N11
~~ ~ SU (
GO
50
80 ~ ~w
100
1
~
n,264 (
O,U43
~
;1,034 ~
0,023
i
0,02
O,U12
0,002
'.'.
0,210
U,U31
U,02?_
U,02
II,OI
1),011
O,U01
3
0,28,7 ~
-
-
-
I O,U17
1),008
0,003
F:peZuec
U,2~3 ~
O,U37
I
C~,U28
0,022
~ 0,0]6
U, O1
0,002
CTenenh
~
o~mcT;;n, ~
~
-- ~
86,4 ~ 9U,i~
93,50
94,2
96,8
99,2
pIs npHSeAexxb~x B Tao~n. ? ~aHHbIX c,neliyeT, LITO HpH BBeAeHHH s.
pacTBOp aMMHa~HOK ce,nHTpbl, eo~ep>Ka~uHH npHMecH coseK Mar-
ftHU, Mapranua H p,pyrHx
~ i KBTHOHOB, j1By3aMelI~eHHOTO
` r
-'T~-,, (~OC(~OpH01{HCJIOTO aMMOHHSI
E ~--*--~--~-; B xo.n>3~IecTBe oT 50 Ro
g ---__ ~ ~-, -+--'r-~ y0?o OT CT2XHOMeTpH4CCK0-
~,, ~ ~ ~' ~ ~~ ~ ~ 0,037-O,OlOFio MgQ.
~' ooze _T~~ -., _-,
-~-r-~--.-+--- IIpaKTH~IeCKH ,I(JISI J(O-
QOZlS ~ - ~_ li CT}I%eHnA BbICOKOI3 CTenOHH
a 0.0!61 ~ ~ ~~ ~ OLIHCTKH j[OCT3TOLIHO BBO-
~' ! ~ ~ ~ jjHTb j[HBMMOHHI-I(~OC(~aT B~
~ oomz ~ i ~ ~ ~ , Ko.nHnecTBe 70-80% oT
cTexnoMeTpH~lecxoro (no oT-
QOOZf
IiomeHHlo x nepsoxa~anb-
/fcnuvecmBo(1VHq)zHPOq,% omcmexuonemPti HO!~ly COJ~ep}KaH13K) npHMe-
Pnc. 1. .3aBNCNMOCTb coZep~+cannsF coae;"t ,~~g a CeH B paCTSOpe).
paCTBOpe nOCTIe OYNCTKn UT OCaifi,'jaFOli~el'(J Ha pHC. 1 npeAcTaB.nexa
pearexTa. 3aBHCHMOCTb COJ~ep}KaHNR
COJ1eI~i MarHNA B pacTBOpe
oT xo.nH~ecTBa ssoAHMOro ocax{AaloH~ero peareHTa (rpacpHK nocTpoeH
n0 Cpej(HHM 3HaLIeHHSIM).
KaK BHJJ;HO H3 rpaCpi3Ka, 3aBHCHMOCTb COJjeplKaHl3Si COJIeH MarHHA
OT KOJIHLIeCTBa OCa]I{J~aK)nZerO peareHTa SIB~ISIeTCSi ,TIHHeI~IH013.
TBKI-IM O~pa30M, yCTaHOBJIeHO, ~ITO HpH nOMOHZH (~OCCpOpHOKI~ICJIOI~i
COJIH MO}KHO J~OCTHI'HYTb 3Ha~IHTeJIbHOI'O CHHN{eHHH COJjep}KaHHA npl.1-
Mecex B pacTBOpax.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
OIITHMBJibHble ~lCJIOBNA BbIJ~fJ1eHNA npxMeCeYt
C LjeJIbK) sb16opa OnTI3MaJIbHbIX yCJ10BI3H BbIJ~eJIeH13A npHMeceH
~bIJI npOBeAeH pslA OnbITOB n0 I33}~LIeHHK) BJII~IflHHSI npOAOJ13KIITeJ1bH0-
CTI3 peaKuni3 I3 KOJIHLIeCTBa OCa3KJZaK)I11eI'O peal'eHTa, a T8K}Ke N30bITKa
aMMHBKa Ha CTeH2Hb BbIJ~e-
.nexnx npnMecei~ H3 pac-
TBOpOB. \ !00
KpOMe 1'OI'O, H3yYaJIaCb
B03M0}KIIOCTb npIIM2HeHHSI ~ 95
B KatIeCTBe OCaJ~I~ITeJISf pa3- a 90
JInYHbIX (~OCCpOpIIOKHCJIbIX
co~ei3 xaK B pacTSOpe*, ~ es
Tax i~ B BHRe xpHCTa,n.nos. c B
npH npOBeJZeHHI3 OHb1- i
TOB n0 H3yYeHHK) BJII~ISiHI~IH ~ y
Ha cTenellb o~Ii~eTxn pac-
TBOpOB BpeMeHH H I{OJIHYe-
d
1
IQ
/JpoBan~umenonocmo
ocaHr enun
I - 30 nuNym
d -1 vac
Ill -Z4 vaca
0
5
Ta6nucya 3
Bnxxxxe Bpemexx ocaNCAexxx Ha swpenexxe npxMeceN xs pacrsopoe
(p OC(p OpHOKHCJIWMx COJIAMN
CoRepxcatiHe coned Mg n pacrsope (cvxrax as Mg0) nocne
oca~xReaHa,
j[osHposha
(NH4)~HP03,
?o oT rrexao-
MerptfH
1 vac
IlpxcyTCT-
sxe P~05
s pacrsore
Mgt
CTf I:eHh
OYHCT KIi
Mg0
CTeHCHh
OYNCTKx Mgt
CTeHeHb
09NCTK41
50
0,0627
79,3
0,057
80,3
0,09
67,8
C.neAbi
70
0,0117
96,1
0,0047
98,3
0,015
94,6
>
100
0,003
99,0
0,001
99,6
0,0019
99,6
>
Haea,nsxoe
coAepxca-
0,303
-
0,290
-
0,280
-
-
Hne MACHnfl
s pacrsope
* ASR sb~,~e.~ennu npxmeceii r~s pacrsopos so scex Hamnx onvlTax npnMexa-
.nncb 20?%-x~e pacrsopbi cpoccpopnoxEic.neix co,neK.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
KaK BnjjHO H3 JjaHIIbIX Ta6JI. 3, IIpOJ~OJI}KHTe.7IbHOCTb peaKIjIIH npH
OnpeJjeJIeHIIOM KO.IIHLIeCTBe BBOj[nMOI'O peareHTa MaJIO B,IInSIeT Ha
CTeneHb BbIjI,eJIeHIISI npnMeCeli H3 paCTBOpa aMMnaTlEiOIi CeJIHTpbI.
Tal{, HanpHMep, npH BBe,i[eHIIn j(HaMMOHHII(~OCCpaTa B KOJIII9eCTBe
S~~b n0 OTHOEEIeHnK) I{ CT2XHOMeTpH~IeCKOMy H npn npoj[OJIx{HTeJib-
HOCTn OCa}KJ~eHHH B OJjHH CyTKn Bblj[eJIHJIOCb 7940 npHMeCBIi, a rIpEI
npOJjOJIx{I3Te.JIb1[OCTH OCa}KJjeHEISI OJ~HH LIaC-$~~o.
IIpH BBej[eHnII J~naMMOEIHI{(~OC(paTa B KOJIH~IeCTBe 7~~o OT CTeXHO-
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.TlntIeHHSI KOJII3~IeCTBa J~E[aMMOHIII~I(~OCC~aTa Jj0 CT2XIEOM2Tpn~IeCKOI'O 3a
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YTO OHTHMaJIbHble ~'CJIOBHSI BbIJjeJIeHHSI npnM2CeI-t C nOMOHjbIO JjH-
~aMMOHItIi-(~OCCpaTa COOTBeTCTBVIOT CO~ep}KaHnIO Ii3~bITKa aMMHaKa
1--2 ~!~~.
~JIS[ ^0.11)?4eHHSI CpaBIIHTe~IbHb1X J~aHHbIX n0 BbIAeJIeHH10 npHMeCeH
6bl,nn TaI{x{e npOBeJ1e11bI OnbIT6I n0 BbIJjeJIeHIIIO npHMeCeI~t H3 pac-
TBOpOB n0 McTOJ(nKe KOJIH4eCTB2HHOI'O Onpe,Zl,eJIeHHSI MarHHfi~`. OnbITbl
npoaoREI.nEI c.aeAylouiHtil o6pasoM. K HeI~ITpaJIIE30B8HHOMy paCTBOpV
aMMnaiIHOI~f CeJIHTpbI npn6aB.nx.nn KOHIjeHTpnpOBflHHyIO COJISIHyK)
KIICJIOTy H OnpeJ~eJIeIIHOe KOJInLIeCTBO J~BY3aMeII1,eHHOrO (p000~GpHO-
KHCJIOTO aMMOHHSI (H3 paCHeTaJ~, 7~ H 1~~ ~o OT CTeXHOM2TpHH n0
OTHOIneHnIO K nepBOHazIaJIbHOMy COJ~epx{aHHK) MarHEISI B HCXOj[HOM
pacTSOpe). Aa.nee K paCTBOpV McJZJIeHHO npH HenpepbIBHOM nepe-
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HEISI OCaJjKa. LIepe3 ~IaC OCaZ[OK OTCpHJIbTpOBbIBaJIH, a B CpHJIbTpaTe
OnpeJ~eJISIJIH CORepx{aHlle MarHHSi H II36bITOK P~,O~ (CpOTOKOJIOpH-
McTpH~IeCKH). ~OJIyLIeHHble RaHHble npnBeJjeHbl B Ta6n. 4.
Hs Ta6.n. 4 BHj~IIO, ~ITO J~aHHble n0 BbIReJIeHHIO npHMeceH H3 pac-
TBOPOB C nOMOIIjbIO [pOCC~OpHOKHCJIbIX COJIeI3 n0 McTOJ~nKe, npHHSITOI~t
B HaHIHX HCCJIeJjOBBHnSIX, nO~ITH He OTJIHYaK)TCSI OT TBKOBbIX, nOJIVYeH-
EIbIX npH npOBej[eHHn OCax{J~eHHSI n0 McTOJ~HKe KOJIHLIeCTB2HHOI'O OHpe-
JjeJIeHHSI MarHHSI.
TaK, npH J~03HpOBKe (~OC(pOpHOKHCJIbIX COJIeK B KOJIH~IeCTBBX 7O
H 100% OT CTeXHOMeTpn9eCKOI'O CTeneHb BbI~(eJIeHHA npHMeCeF4 B OF)OHX
CJIyRaSIX ORHOPO II TOI'O x{e nOpxRKa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
?03NpOBKa
(NHq)zHPOq,
?o OT CTfXNOMeTpNx
CoAepNCaxxe coneff Mg,
cexTaH Ha MgO,
npx ycnoBxxx,
npeJjyCMOTpeH HbIX
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0
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06eCne~IHBaIOT BbI,I;eJIeHHe H3 paCTBOpOB aMMHa~IHOF3 CedIHTpbI n0-
pslAKa 98% npHMeceH.
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RpxMeCCF1
B JjaHHOI3 CepI3H OHb[TOB HpHMeCI~I OCa}Kj~aJIHCb J[HflMMOHHi~t(~OC-
C~aTOM H JjI3HaTpHI-SCpOC(paTOM.
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COJIH npHI'OJ1,HbI AJISI BbIAeJIeHHSI npnMeCelt H3 paCTBOpOB. HeCKOJIbKO
JIy~IHIHI-i pe3yJlbTaT HOJIYueH HpH IIpHMeH2HHI-I JjBy3aMeH(eHHOI'O (~OC-
(~aTa aMMOHHSI (Ta6.a. 5).
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HMMOHNA N H$TpNA
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TBOpe, ~?
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70
67,1
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20
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KaK H3BeCTHO*, paCTBOpHMOCTb ABy3aMeHjeHHOPO CpOC(paTa H2TpHSI
McHbHie HO CpaBHeHHIO C RBY3aMeLIjeHHbIM (pOCCpaTOM aMMOHHSI. IIO-
3TOMy JZBy3aMeHjeHHbIN IpOC(~aT HBTpHH jjOJI~CeH BBOj(nTbCSI B BHJle
6o.nee pas6as.nexxoro pacTBOpa,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
C.ne,gosaTe.nbxo, B c.ny~ae npHMexexxsl ABy3aMeuiexxoro cpoccpaTa
HBTpHSI, H2COMHeHHO, 6yAeT HMeTb McCTO yBeaHYeHHbIII pacxoA pa-
pa npH noc.neAyloluel3 ynapxe.
TaKHM OC)pa30M, jjJIH BblAe.neHHSI HpHMeCeH H3 paCTBOPOB aMMHav-
HOIi CeJIHTpbI I(eJIe0006pa3Hee HpHMeHHTb ABy3aMeHjeHHbIH (~OC(~aT
aMMOHHSI.
yCTflHOBJIeHa TflK?Ke B03M0}KHOCTb IIpHMeHeHHSI ABy3aMelueHHOI'O
C~OC(paTa aMMOHHSI ~B BHAe xpxcTan,nHVecxol3 co.nH) ANSI BbIAeJIeHHSi
HpHMeCe13, ~ITO, nOMHMO 3KOHOMHH papa, AOJI>I{HO ynpOCTHTb onepa-
uHto ocaxcAexHSI~
3. ~nblTbl, IIpOBeAeHHble B HpOMbIHIJIeHHbIX yCJIOBHSiX
AJISI BbISICHeHHSi B03M0}kHOCTH npaKTHtIeCKOI'O OCyLueCTBJIeHHSI
paapa60T8HHOI'O M2TOAa BbIAe,iteHHSI H3 paCTBOpOB HpHMeceH collex
MarHHSi, MapraHua H ApyrHx KaTHOHOB HpH nOMOIIjH AHflMMOHHH-
(~OC(~aTa B HpOMbIHIJIeHHbIX yCJIOBHSIX 6bIJIH HpOBeAeHbl 3aB0,1(CKHe
OHbITbI Ha yCTBHOBKe, IIpI-IHgH1IHaJIbHaSI CX2Ma KOTOp013 IIpeACTBB-
.11eHa Ha pHC. 3.
i-6840K J(JIB pBCTBOpf'HNN (NHq)yHPOq; Z-C60pHNK C M21H2JIKOII-p28KTOp; 3-rtpo-
MCNCyT04HbIlI C)8K C MENINJIKON; 4-[(2HTpO6ENCH6iN H3000; Jr-(]1NJIbTp RIIpOK[N i>;
s-XpBHNJINNle 04NN{2HH6IX pBCTBOPOB.
B C60pHHK C McHIaJIKOH ~peaKTOp) 2 nOCTynaJl 5O%-HbIII paCTBOp
aMMHa~iHOH CeJIHTpbI, cOAep}ICaIIjHi'I COJIH MarHHSI, Mapraxua H .1[py-
rxe npHMecH; TyAa xce noAasa.nH pacTSOp ABysaMeuiexxoro c~occpaTa
aMMOHHSi n0 paC~IeTy ~COrJIaCHO npeABapHTeJIbHO npOH3BeAeHHOMy
aHaJIH3y) B KOJIHYeCTBe 7O% OT CTeXHOMeTpHYeCKOI'O ~HO OTHOHIeHHK) K
HepBOHa~Ia.nbHOMy COAepxcaHHK) IIpHMeCeH B 3TOM pacTSOpe). IIocne
HepeMeHIHBBHHSI H HeKOTOp013 BblAep}KKH paCTBOp C 06pa30B8BHIHM-
CSI OCaAKOM TpyAHOpaCTBOpHMbIX (pOC(~aTOB CBMOTeKOM nocTyna.n
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ta6nuua6~
Cocra6 pacrBOpoe ammxavxoN cemrTpw Ao x nocne Bwglenexxs~ npxmeceN
NH3
e/n
NH4N03
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~i ~
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W ~ IIpNCyTCTeNe P205 B pacraope nocne sb[,genexNN npNMeceit 06bACHACTCA 9aCTbIMN HCHOJIaJ{Ka MH npH (}/NJIbTpaljNN Ha (IINJIbTpaX CNCTCM61 d]-[pOKW D,
~p 9T0 rOBOpNT O HenpNCO,I{HOCTN ~NJIbTpOB j~aHH01i KONCTpyK4NN J{JIA noAo6NOro poAa npogecca.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
B HpOMe}KyTO~IHbIId fjaK C Me[i[aJIKOI~I 3, OTKyJZa HBCOCOM 4 noAaBa.ncsi
Ha (pHJIbTp Jr.
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XpaHHJIHIue 6 CMe}KHOI'O LjeXa JjJISI IIepepaCOTKH B rOTOBbII3 npOAyKT.
PaCTBOpbI aMMHaIIHOIi CeJIHTpbI (J~O II nOCJIe Bblj(eJIeHHSI npNMCCei4)
aHaJII-I3HpOBaJIHCb Ha COJZep}KaHHe CyMMbI COJIe13 MarHHSI H KaJIbIjHSI*.
p905, Mn, Cl' H 504.
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itpeJZCT2BJIeHbI B Ta6JI. ~.
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CLIeTe Ha HHTpaT MarHHSI.
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a30THOKHCJIOTO MarHHSI B npOJZyKTe yXyAIHaeT er0 CpH3H~IeCKHe CBOkI-
CTBa H IIOBbIIIIaeT rHrpOCKOIIH~IHOCTb COJIH.
TaKOH npOAyKT O~ICHb BJIa}KeH, TepSICT CbInyileCTb H COJjep}KHT
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HCXOZ[HbIX pacTBOpax He H03BOJISIeT nOJIyTIHTb BbICOKOKOHLjeHTpNpO-
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CTaJIJIH3auHH. IIOCJICJ~HCC 06CTOHTeJIbCTBO O~IeHb Ba}KHO B yCJIOBHSIX
pa60TbI TpaHy.nxuHOHH6IX 6aIHeH.
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BHSIX, MO}KHO CJZeJIaTb BbIBOJ~, ~ITO npH COOTBCTCTByK)Hl,eI3 OC)pa60TKe
paCTBOPOB aMMHaL1HOI~i CeJIHTpbI J~H2MMOHHIdCpOC(~aTOM ~B KOJIHLIeCTBe
7~ % OT CTCXHOMCTpHTIeCKOI'O) BbIJjeJISIeTCA B CpeJjHCM j[O 7~ % npH-
MeceK.
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HPOMbI HI.RCHHbIX OHbITOB HPOH3BOJj H.RH yCKOpeHHbIM KOMHJI2KCOMETpH4eCKNM
M eTOAOM-THTpOBflHHeM TpH:IOHOM B HpHCYTCTBNN HHAHK2TOpa XpOM4PPHOI'O
ET-00.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
IIpH sTOM coAep~aHHe ocxosnoro BeH~ecTBa s ro'roaoM npoAyxTe
yse.nH~IHBaeTCx oT 96,8 Ao 98,1 % n Bb1HIe, a Ko.nn~IecTBO n.noTHOro
npoxa.nexxoro ocTaTxa n B.narH cnnmaeTCSI npHMepno Ha 35-40%.
B 3THX yCJIOBIiSIX CyMMapHOe COj[ep}KaHHe COJIeH MarHnSI H KaJlb-
1~NSI B rOTOBOM npOAyKTe B nepeCileTe Ha Mg(NO3)2 COCTBBJIfIeT TOJIb-
xo 1,0-1,47 % , T. e. cHHxcaeTCx B 4-5 pas.
OKHCJISIeMOCTb aMMHaLIHOIi CeJIHTpbI nOCJIe BbIJjeJIeHHSI npHM2CeLI,
a T8K}Ke ee TeMnepaTypa pa3.nOxceHHSI He BbIXOJ~HT 3a npeJ~eJlbI Zj0-
nyCTHMbIX HOpM.
TaKHM 06pa30M, McTOJj BbIJjeJIeHI-ISI npHMeCeI-I I-I3 paCTBOpOB JjI3aM-
MOHHI~ICp000paTOM n03BOJIS1eT y.ny~IlunTb Ka~IeCTBO rOTOBOI'O npOAyKTa.
yj[eJIbHbI13 paCXOR j[HaMMOHI~II~ICpOC(~aTa, CLIHTaH Ha 1 K2 MgO,
coAepsKauierocsl B pacTSOpax, noA.nexcaluHx O~IHCTKe, COCTaBJISIeT
2,3 xz/rc2 HJII3 B nepec~IeTe Ha Pz05 1,24 kz/rcz.
IIpH 3TOM Ha Ka?KJ~bII~I KIIJIOrpaMM H3paCXOj[OBBHHOI'O j[H2MM0-
}IH13Cp000paTa nOJIy~IaeTCH j[OHOJIHHTeJIbHO 1 , 126 K2 aMMHa~IHOI~I CeJII-ITpbl.
1lI1IaM, nOJIyLIeHHbII~t B pe3yJlbTflTe BbIJ~eJIeHnSI npHMeceH npH no-
MOH1H J~I~IaMMOHHI~ICpOCCpaTa (Ta6JI. 8), npeJ~CT3BJISieT C060I3, rJIaBHbIM
o6pasoM, MarHI3IIaMMOHIIII(~OC(~aT K MO}KeT 6bITb npHM2HeH B Ka~IeCTBe
MHHepaJIbHOI'O y1[o6peHl~x.
Cocra6 mnama, nonyvexxoro nocne smAenexxx npxmecei+
(NH4)2HP04 (%)
OF)N1NIi
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pbl MaJIbIX KOJIH~IeCTB npHMeCeI3 (COJIeI-I MarHnH, MapraHIja n Jjp.)
npH nOMOHjH ABy3aMeLIZeHHOI'O (~OCCpaTa aMMOHHSI. IIpH 3TOM MO}KHO
,IjOCTHTHyTb 3HaTIHTeJIbHOPO CHH}KeHnSI (BIIJIOTb j1,0 CJIej[OB) cop,epxca-
xl3u npHMeceH.
2. OCa}KAeHHe npnM2CeH JjOTI3KH0 npOH3BOJjHTbCSI B aMMHaLIHOI3
cpeAe npH coAepxcaHHH cso6oAHOro aMMl3axa 1,5-2,0 z/n.
3. 1~OJIHLIeCTBO BbI,ijeJleHHbIX npnMecei3 C nOMOHZbK) CpOC(~OpHO-
KHCTIbIX COJIei3 HBxOJ~IITCSI B npSIM013 3aBHCHMOCTn OT KOJIHLIeCTBa
ocaxcAaloluero peareHTa. B npOMbInIJIeHHbIX yc.noBnxx npH pacxo-
Ae j[flaMMOHnI~iCpOC(~aTa B KOJIn9eCTBe 70 % OT CT2XHOM2TpH4eCKOTO
(n0 OTHOHIeHHIO K nepBOHa~IaJI'~HOMy COJ(ep}KaHnK) npHMeCeIi B paCTBO-
pe) BbIJ1eJIfieTCSI 6o.nee 70% npnMecel~. Ha xa}KAbIH xH.norpaMM
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
H3p8CXOj~OBBHHOt'O J(HBMMOHNFI(pOC~8T8 J~OIIOJIHHTeJIbHO DO1Iy48eTCSi
I,12G K2 8MMH8~HOH CeJIHTpb[.
4. ~JIBM, IIOJIyYeHHbIFi B pe3y.nbTBTe BbljjeJleHHSI HpHMeceH j(HaM-
MOHHI3(~OC(~BTOM, IIpeJZCTBBlIHeT COCOIi B OCHOBHOM M8I'HHIdBMMOHHIT-
~OC(~8T H sIB,nAeTCH L(eHHbIM (~OC(~OpHO-830THbIM Y,l(06peHHeM, coAep-
3K8LL~HM OKOJIO `~' O % P20b, 1 ~ % CBH38HHOI'O 830TH, 8 TBKx H2O -{- O'
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nyT2M j(J[A He60JIbIIIHX nJIOTHOCTeIi TOKa, 6bIJi0 ,i[OCTHI'HyTO IIpH j~0-
nyu~exHH, YTO JIHMHTHpyK)njeI-I SIBJISIeTCSI BTOpaSI 3JIeKTpOXHMH4eCKaSI
CTaJjHSI npouecca, T. e. pa3pslA KHCJIOpOAHbIX HOHOB O'-C--~O.
IIpH 3TOM nOCJIe BbInOJIHeHHSI BCeX HeOF)XOJjHMbIX paCYeTOB nO.r1y-
LIaeM CJIej(yK)njee ypaBHeHHe jjJISI nOTCHIjHaJia 3JIeKTpO,T~a:
~ = const -{- 3 RT In i - 3 FT In (OH' ~ (2)
HJIH, YTO To xce caMOe:
~ = const --~ 0,67 RT In i - 1, 33 RT In (OH' j (2a)
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
1~ocTaTOYxo 6.axsxoe cosnaRexxe TeopeTHYecxoro ypaBHeHHft
(2a) x sxcnepHMeHTa.~bxoro ypaaxexxft (1) noATBepNCRaIOT npaBHnb-
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JjnT pa3pftA, HanpnMep, n0 CXeMe
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HOe OTJInYI3e 3aK1II0YaeTCft B TOM, tITO npej[JION{eHHaft HflMH CX2Ma
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paAHKa.nos s o6H1,eM npouecce axo,gxoro BbtAe.nexHft xHC.aopoAa.
Ha nepBblFi B3rJIftJ~ MON{eT nOKa3aTbCft yjjHBHTeJIbHbIM TO 06CTOft-
TeJIbCTBO, YTO xOH O' pa3pftNCaeTCft McJjJIeHHee, YeM OTHOCI~ITeJIbHO
60JIee yCTOHLIHBbIFi HOH OH'. 9T0 O~CTOSITeJIbCTBO CJiet(yeT06'bftCHHTb
BJIHftHHeM nOBepXHOCTH 3JIeKTpOJja H pa3JIHYneM B npOYHOCTt~I aR-
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poAa xa xHKene npH 6onee BbICOKHX nJIOTHOCTHX TOKa Ha6nloAanOCb
OTKJIOHCHHe OT BbIBeAeHHbIX B 3TOH r.rraBe ypaBHeHHK JjJISi nOTeHIjHaJIa
3TIeKTpOJ~a, npxYeM HBKJIOH KpHBbIX HaYHHaJI yBe,rrHYNBaTbCR.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
1-lOCJIe Ony6TIHKOBflHHfl npej(JIO}KeHHOH HdMH KHHeTH~IeCKO{-i CXe-
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3JIeKTP01[a B pa3JIn~IHbIX 06JIaCTHX CBfl3aH0 C yBeJIHtIeHHeM CTeneHH
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HOCTH TOKa.
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9T0}i pa60TbI K03t~J(pHL[HeHT nepeR JIOrapH(~MOM nJIOTHOCTH TOKa npN
nJIOTHOCTAX TOKa j[O 3 ? 1 O-'; CL~C~Yl2 }IMeeT 3Ha~feHl~Ie ~7 = 0,033-
0,042, uT0 yJjOBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHO COrJIaCyeTCfl C HaIllHMn AaHHbTMH.
~1IH 60JIee BbICOKHX nJIOTHOCTeli TOKa ,/1. M. E.nHHa JjaeT 3Ha~IeHHe
xo~c~c~HuneHTa l; = 0,094-0,104.
Ha OCHOBflHHH j(aHHbIX HO }S3MepeHHw eMKOCTH ~. M. E.nnHa npH-
XOj~HT K BbIBOJjy, ~ITO BbIjjeJleHne K}ICJIOpO,ija Ha }iHKeJle CBfl3aH0 C
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Ka JINMHTHpywluell flBJIfleTCA CKOpOCTb pacnaAa Ni~O,. IIo Mepe
B03paCT8HHH nOT2H}jnadIa 3JIeKTpOJja nJIOTHOCTb TOKa, a CJIeJ~OB2TeJlb-
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npouecca, T. e. pa3pflA rnjjpOKCNJIbHbIX HOHOB H o6pasosanne Bblc-
IHero OKHCJIa HHKeJlfl.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
Ha OCHOBBHNN CXeMbI 11. M. E.nNHOi3, npN He60JIbIIINX nJIOTHOCTSIX
TOKa CnpaBejjJINBbIM ftBJIfteTCft ypaBHeHNe
~ = const -{- 2F In i - RT In ~ OH' J (3)
CneAyeT OTM2TNTb, ~ITO ypaBHeHNe (3) CpaBHNTeJIbHO He3HaT{N-
TeJIbHO OTJINUaeTCft OT ypaBHeHNft (2), BbIT2KaK)n(er0 N3 npe,i[JI03KeH-
HOI?I HBMN KNH2TN4eCKOI~i CXeMbI npouecca.
Koscpc~NuNeHT nepe~ .norapNC~MOM nnoTHOCTN Toxa no Hamer cxe-
Me paseH 3 RT , a no cxeMe JI. M. E~INHOtY off paseH 2 RF
06e 9TN BeJIN~INHbI CJIN3KN Apyr K Apyry N J~OCT2TOUH0 COr7aCyK)TCft
C NM2K)II1,N!14NCSi OnbITHbIMN J1,aHHbIMN. P8CX0}Kj~eHNe B 3aBNCNMOCTN
nOT2HL[NaJia OT KOHL[eHTpal[NN rNj~pOKCNJIbHbIX NOHOB T8K}Ke He-
BeJINKO N, BepOSITHO, OCyCJIOBJIeHO pa3JINT{N2M B npHMeHeHHUIt 3KC-
nepNMeHTaJIbHOI3 McTOJjNKe. B pa60Te ,B. M. EJINHOI{, a T3K3Ke B
noc.neRylou~ei{ pa6oTe JI. M. EJINHOI?I, T. ICI. 5opncosol~I N Lj. I'I. 3a.n-
KNHJj29 CHSITNK) nOJIftpN3al[NOHHOII KpNBOI~I npeAmecTSOSa.na
o6pa6oTxa s.neKTpoRa s Te~Ienne npNMepHO `~ ~IaC. aHOJ~HbIM TOKOM
BbICOKOIi nJIOTHOCTN, paBHOI~I 0, 1 Cr~Ch22, TOrj(a KflK B HamNX OnbIT2X
nOJ~06Haft npe,ZjBapNTeJIbHaft o6pa6oTKa s.nexTpoRa oTCyTCTBOSa.na,
a npNM2HABmN2Cft npN pa6oTe nJIOTHOCTN TOKa 6bIJIN OTHOCNTeJIbHO
HeBeJINKN. BepOHTHO, B 3TOM C,nytIae T8K3I{e CKa3bIBaJIaCb 3aBNCN-
MOCTb K1TaJINTNtIeCKNX CBOISCTB 3JIeKTpOJ~a OT COCTOSIHNft nOKpbIBaK)-
ui,ero er0 nOBepXHOCTHOI'O OKNCTIa.
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.TIOPOJZa Ha HNKeJIe B U~eJI09N; OnbITbl npOBeJ~eHbI B 00066IX VCJIOBNSIX,
nOR06paHHbIX TflK, TIT06bI N36e}KaTb 06pa30B8HNft BbICmNX OKNCJIOR
HNKeJIft Ha 3JIeKTpOJje. ~TH OnbITbI ftBTIftK)TCft J~OBOJ~OM B nOJIb3y T8KOF1
CXeMbI, B KOTOpO}{ npOMe}KyTOTIHbIM KNCJIOpOACOJ~ep3KaILjNM paJjNKa-
JIaM OTBORNTCA OCHOBHaft, a BbICmNM OKNCJIaM HNKeJIft-TOJIbKO
BTOpOCTeneHHaft pOJIb B npOl[eCCe BbIJ~eJIeHNft KNCJIOpOJja.
H. ~[. ,ByKOBL[eB NCCJIeJ~OBaJI aHOjjHOe BbIJZeJIeHNe KNCJIOpOj~a Ha
HNKeJIeBOM N Ha OKNCHO-HNKeJIeBOM 3JIeKTpOJ(aX B LI),eJIOTIN npN pa3-
RN~IHbIX 3Ha~IeHNHX nJIOTHOCTN TOKa N pa3JINzIHbIX CTeneH51X OKNCJIe-
HNft 3JIeKTpOj(a30, 31 Ha rJIaj(KOM HHKeJIeBOM 9JIeKTpORe npN He-
6o,nbmoi{ nJIOTHOCTN TOKa KO~(~NgNeHT nepeA JlOrapN(~MOM nJIOT-
HOCTN TOKa npNHNMaeT 3Ha~IeHNft B npeRe.nax 0,034-0,042, ~ITO Ha-
XOJ~NTCft B XOpOmeM COOTBeTCTBNN C HamNMN 3KCnepNMeHTaJibHbIMN
~aHHbIMN. H. Z[,. ~yKOBijeB nOJ~TBepN{J~aeT npNHSITyK) HBMN CXeMV
aHOI~HOI'O BbIJ~eJIeHHft KNCJIOpOJ[a Ha HNKeJIe npN He60JIbmNX nJIOT-
HOCTftX TOKa, COrJIaCHO KOTOpOH JINMNTNpyIOLi[P.II ftBJIfteTCft CTaANft
nepexo~a K aHOJ~y BTOpOPO 9JIeKTpOHa H3 ~INCJIa JjByX 3JIeKTPOHOB,
y~IacTBylou~Nx B npouecce o6pa3oaaHNft aTOMa KNC.nopoAa.
Cor,nacxo II.1Z. JIyxosuesy, no Mepe yse.nN~IeHNft cTenexN oxnc.ne-
HNft 3,aeKTpoRa JINMNTNpyIONjaft cTaRNft npouecca MexfteTCft. Ha
nOJIHOCTbK) 3apft}KeHHOM OKNCHO-HNKeJIeBOM 3JIeKTpOJje H Ha r.naA-
KOM HNKeJIeBOM 3JIeKTpOI[e npN 6o.abulNx nJIOTI{OCTftX TOKa JINMN-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
THpyloHyeH slsnxercx nepBax s.nexTpoxHMH~lecxax cTaAHSI npouecca,
T. e. pa3pxA rH,T(pOKCHJ!bHbIX HOHOB. B 3TOM CJIy9ae nOTeHuHa,n 3JIeK-
TpOJ~a OnpeJjeJISIeTCSi ypaBHeHHeM
~ = const -{- 2FT In i - 2RT In ~OH'J
(4)
TaKHM 06pa30M, H3M2H2HHe COCT3Ba H CBOI~ICTB nOBepXHOCTHOI'O
OKHCJIa 06yCJIOBJIHBaeT T3KN{e H H3MeHeHHe JIHMHTHpyK)LIjeI3 CTaJ(HH
HPOTeKaK)LuerO 3JIeKTPOj[HOI'O npouecca.
C.neAosa,no npOBepHTb yCTBHOBJIeHHbII3 BblHle J~JISI HjeJIO~IHbIX paC-
TBOpOB McXaHH3M aH0,1(HOI'O BbIJjeJIeHHSI KHCJIOpOJ~a Ha HHKeJie T8K-
xce H Ha ApyrHX McTaJIJIaX C HH3KHM KHCJIOpOAHbIM nepeHanpslxceHHeM.
r10 3JIeKTpOXHMI3~IeCKHM CBOIiCTBBM 6JIHN{aNllIHM aHaJIOI'OM HH-
KeJISI HBJIHeTCSI K06aJIbT. B .nHTepaType OIIHCflHO nOBeJ~eHHe K06a11b-.
TOBOI'O aHOJ~a B HjeJIO~IHbIX pacTBOpax'R, HO 3TI3 OnbITbI He npNSe.nH
K yCTBHOBJIeHHK) McXflHI-i3Ma Bblj[eJIeHHSI KHCJIOPOJ>;a. 0606HjeHHe 3JIeK-
TpOXHMHLIeCKHX CBOI3CTB K06aJIbTOBOI'O 3JIeKTpOJ~a Aa.n A. M. Myp-
TasaeB32
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HSMH npOBej~eHbl COBMeCTHO C ,B. I~. AHTOHOBOI325 B pacTBOpax
KaJII~IeBOI3 IC[eJIOLIIi pa3JII~ITIHOI3 KOHueHTpaLjHH IIpH `ZQ H 80?.
IZepeXOJjHM K OnHCBHI-IK) IIOJIyYeHHbIX pe3yJIbTBTOB.
OTJIH~iHe K06aJIbTa OT HHKeJiSi 3aKJIlOLIaeTCSI B TOM, tITO B c.ny~Fae
K06aJIbTa naCCHBaIiHSI HBCTynaeT npH 60JIee BbICOKHX 3HaileHHSIX nJIOT-
HOCTH TOKa; npH MaJIOI~t nJIOTHOCTH TOKa K06aJIbT OKa3bIBaeTCSI He-
yCTOI~i~II-IBhIM, B 0006eHHOCTH npH BbICOKHX KOHL[eHTpaIjHSIX IIjeJI09H.
IIpH 3Ha~IeHHSIX nJIOTHOCTH TOKa, COOTBeTCTByK)LuHX BblRe.neHHlo
KHCJIOpOJ~a, nOBej~eHl3e K06aJIbTa aHaJIOrHTIHO nOB2JjeHHK) HHKeJISi,
)~OJIy9eHHble 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHble ,ZjaHHble MO}KHO npeJ~CTBBHTb B
BnAe CJIeJjyK)HjerO ypaBHeHHSI j(JISI nOT2HLlHaJla 3JIeKTpO,I(a:
~P = const -}- 0, 68 RT In i - 1,70 RT In SOH' ] (5)
3T0 ypaBHeHHe BeCbMa 6JIH3K0 n0 CBOeMy BI-IJjy K OHHCBH-
HOMy Bblllle 3KCIIepHMeHTaJIbHOMy ypaBHP_HHK) (1) jIJIA HHKeJISI.
COr.nacHO OCIjHdIJiOrpa(~HYeCKNM H3MepeHHAM K06aJIbT npH aHOJ(-
HOFi HOJISIpH3auHH B LIjeJI09HOM paCTBOpe j(aeT TpH CTeneHH OKHCJIeHHSI:
GOO, Co203 H 6002. IIpH 3TOM nepeXOA C0203 B COOz npeAHlecTByeT
Hava.ny BbIJ(eJIeHHSi xIdCJIOpOJja33. LITO x{e KBCaeTCSI KHHeTHKH
C3MOT0 npOueCCa, TO aHaJIOI'HSI B BbIAe.11eHHH KI3CJIOPOjja Ha K06aJIbTe
H HHKeJIe, HO KpaI-[HeI3 Mepe npH He60JIbLIIHX nJIOTHOCTAX TOKa, AB-
11HeTCa BeCbMa rJty6oxoi3.
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HOBJIeHHbIH BbIIIIe J~JIH HHKensl B HjeJIO~IH, MON{eT 6bITb pacnpocTpa-
HeH npH He60JIbItIHX nJIOTHOCTSiX TOKa TflK}Ke H Ha K06aJIbT.
C.neAyeT OTMeTHTb, ~ITO yCTflHOBJIeHHbIYt BbIIHe JjJISi He60JIbHINX
nJIOTHOCTel3 TOKa McX8HH3M BbIJjeJIeHHSi KHCJIOpOJja Ha HHKeJte B Iue-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
,novH coxpanxerca Taxxce H R.nx cn.naaos HHKe.nx N ~ICe.nesa c Bblco-
K13M CORep}KaHHeM HHKeJIA.
OnpeAe.neHHe K03(~HIjHeHTa nepeA JlOrapHCpMOM nJI01'HOCTH TOKa
Ha nOJIRpH3aIjHOHHbIX KpHBbIX ,IjJlsi cn.nasa c 46% HHKe.risi B o6.nacTH
eblRe.neHHx xNC.nopol[a B 5 H. H 0,1 H. pac'rsopax eAxoro Ka,nH npH
2~0~ IIOKa3bIBaeT, ~ITO 3Ha~IeHHe 3TOI'O K03(p(~HI[HeHTa paBHO OKOJIO
0,70 RF 3aBHCHMOCTb nOTPH11HaJIa OT JlOrapn(~'Ma KOHgeHTpa-
IjHN rHJZpOKCHJIbHbIX AOHOB, CyAsl n0 3THM ,Z~ByM KOHIjeH'rpaI~HSIM,
6,I]H3Ka K BeJIHyHHe 1,70 R~ O6e 3Tn BeJIH~IHHbI BeCbMa 6JIF13KH
K T2M, KOTOpble BbIH1e 6bIJIH yCTBHOBJIeHb1 npH He60JIbH1HX nJIOT-
HOCTSiX TOKa AJIft HHKe.TISI n . K06aJIbTa.
1-IOBHJ~NMOMy, npH JjOCTBTO~IHO BbICOKOM COJ~ep]KdHHH HHKeJIA B
Cn.naBe C N{eJIe30M 3TOT Cn.naB npNO6peTaeT pemeTKy H csoHCTBa
HHKeJISI.
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4eHI-Ible jjJISI aHOJjHOI'O Bbl/~eJ1eHHSI KHCJIOpOJ~a Ha HHKeJIe N K06aJIb-
Te, T8K}Ke H AJIA N{eJIe3a. Onbl'~bI n0 aHOAHOI3 nOJISIpN3aLjHH xtene-
3a B HjeJIOLIHbIX pacTSOpax 6bIJIH HBMH npOBej(eHbI COBMCCTHO C
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
3. ~HMHTHpyK)H[aH CTaJjH51 aHOJ~HOI'O BbIJ~eJIeHI~ISI KHCJIOpO,Tja H8
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4. Pa306paHbl pa3JIH~IHble OnI3C8HHble B JIHTepaTVpe KI3HeTA~IeCKHe
CXeMbI npOl[eCCa.
5. ~OCHOBbIBaeTCH npeJ~nOJIO}KeHI3e 06 y~IaCTHH KHCJIOPO,IjHbIX pa-
J~HKaJIOB Id 130HOB B npouecce aH0,1(HOI'O BbIAe.neHl3sl xxc~IOpoAa.
Jlxreparypa
1. H. ri. C n y r N H O B, TeopNx s.nexTpo.nNSa, 1881.
2. F. F o e r s t e r, Z. Electrochem., 13, 414 (1907); Z. phys. Chem., 69, 236
(1909).
3. S. Cs l a s s t o n, A. H i c k l i n g, Chem. Rev., 25, 407 (1939).
4. E. LII n N T a JI b C K N li, B. II N 4 e T a, )KP~XO, 4aCTb XNMN4eCK8A, 60,
1351 (1928).
5. B. B. 11 x v e T a, }KOX, 1, 377 (1931).
6. H. I4 s r a p bI W e B, lj. C T e n a H o B, Z. Elektrochem., 30, 138 (1924).
7. B. A. P o H T e p, P. ]i. R M n o n b c x a g, }KcpX, 9, .763 (1937).
8. F. P. Bowden, Proc. Roy. Soc., A126, 107 (1929); F. P. Bowden,
A. N. Agar, Ann. Rep. Chem. Soc., 35, 90 (1938); H. P. S t o u t, Disc.
Farad. Soc., Ns 1, 246 (1947).
9. H. A. ~ e A o T o B, J~xcceprauNN, Hay9H0-NCCJIeJjOBBTe.RbCKNH (~1N3NK0-XNMN-
9eCKNFi NHCTHTYT HM. dl. SI. KapnOBa, 1940.
10. B. I4. I'rlHS6ypr, B. H. BecenoscxxH, }K~X, 24, 366 (1950).
11. u. H. 3 a n K N H ,lT, b. B. 9 p uI n e p, }K~X, 25, 565 (1951).
12. A. J~. 0 6 p y v e B a, }K~X, 26, 1448 (1952).
13. li. B. ~ p NI n e p, TpyAbi 2-FI KOH(~IepeH11HH n0 KOpp03NN M2TaJIJiOB, I43A-
AH CCCP, 2, 52 (1943).
14. B. 1~I. H e c T e p o B a, A. H. ~ p y M x x x, }KcpX, 26, 1178 (1952).
15. T. B. K a n N NI, P. X. Ii y p m T e u N, ,IjAH CCCP, 18, 1093 (1951).
16. T. B. K a n N NI, P. X. 13 y p to T e ~ H, TpyJjbI COBeNZaHNN n0 3JIeKTPOXHMNN,
H3A? AH CCCP, 1953, cTp. 863.
17. T. B. K a n x m, P. X. b y p uI T e x H, J~AH CCCP, 88, 863 (1953).
18. C~. C~ r u b e, Z. Elektrochem., 33, 389 (1927); 44, 353 (1938).
19. A. H i c k I i n g, S. H i 1 1, Disc. Farad. Soc., Ns I, 236, 254 (1947); Trans.
Farad. Soc., 46, 550 (1950).
20. JI. M. BonyKOBa, A. I4. KpacNnbNlxKOB, }K~X, 23, 441 (1949).
21. 1I. M. BOJI4KOBa, JI. 1'. AHTOHOBa, A. H. Kpacx.nbu[NxoB,
}K~X, 23, 714 (1949).
22. W. M. Latimer, The oxidation states of the elements and their potenti-
als in aqueous solutions, New york, 1938.
23. A. Hick 1 i n g, J. E. Spice, Trans. Farad. Soc., 43, 762 (1947).
24. A. H. K p a c N n b uz N K o B, PecpepaTbl Aoxna,goB Na coseN~aHNN no 3.aexrpo-
XNMHN, hIs,q. AH CCCP, 1950, cTp. 26.
25. JI. M. BOJI9 xoBa, A. H. Kpacx.n bIIiN KOB, TI. r. ANTOHOBa,
TpyAbl I'I~IAII, Bbin. I, I'ocxNMNSAaT, 1953, cTp. 222.
26. T. I4. li o p N c o s a, TpyAbl CoseNiaxxa no snexTpoxNMNN, I'isA. AH CCCP,
1953, cTp. 386.
27. B. H. ~ N c e 9 c K N kI, 5I. N. T y p b R x, }K~X, 24, 567 (1950).
28. JI. M. E n x N a, J[NCCepTauNa, HayvHO-NCCJIeJ(OBBTeJIbCKNN cj~N3HK0-XNMN9e-
CKHI~ NHCTNTyT NM. TI. SI. KapnOBa, 1951.
29. TI.M.EnNxa,T.H.BopxcoBa,I.1,.N.3anxNxA,}K~X,28,785
(1954).
30. II. ,C[. JI y K o B u e B, .IZNCCeprauxN, I'INCTNTYT (pN3H9eCKON XNMNH, AH CCCP,
.1953.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
31. C. A. I~ a H T M a H, II. A. JI y K O B U e B, Tpyp,bl COBelll,aHxx x0 3~eKTpOXx-
Mxx, 14s-BO AH CCCP, 1953, crp. 504.
32. A. M. M y p T a s a e B, }K~X, 27, 1374 (1953).
33. E1. W a k k a d, Trans. Farad. Soc., 46, 820 (1950).
34. N. A. III B a p u, }7,xccepTauxx, MxxuBeTMeTSO.noTO, 1951.
35. TI. B. B a H K) K O B a, ,L[xccepraFyx~, I'IHCTNTYT IpN3x Y2C KOFi XNMxN Aii CCCP,
1948.
36. A. H. K p a C N JI b Ilj x K O B, TpyAbl COBeIuaHHH x0 3JIeKTpOXNMxF1, I'13,q.
AH CCCP 1953 cTp 71
~
37.
A. H, K p a
C x JI b llj x K O B, ~K~X, 23, 332 (1949); 26, 216 (1952).
38.
A. H. K p a c x n b ul x x o B, B. A. A x ,q p e e s a, }K~X, 27, 389
(1953).
39.
T. H. b e n x H a, A. N. K p a c x n b II1, x K 0 B, }K~X, 28, 1286
(1954).
40.
A. N. Kpacx.nbFiixxo6, JI, M. Bo.nvxoBa, JI. r. AHTOHOBa,
}K~X, 27, 512 (1953).
41. T. H. T e ~ x x a, J~xccepTauFix, 1953.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
3JIeKTpO,ga COXpaHHJI 3H8YeHHe nopxAKa ~-0,22 - -~--0,24 8. HOHH-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
xaxcAoi3 JZaHHOIt xJIOTHOCTx TOKa n0 Mepe nOBbIIIIeHHH AaBneHxsl BO-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
AocTHx{eHHH noTenuHa~Ia -;-0,18 e noTexuna.n HaYHHa,n BospacTaTb
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
IIpN Ras.neHNN BoAopoAa 100 am~a N HNme cpa3osoe oKNC,nexNe Illi-
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KOM A3BJIeHNN BOAOpOAa, 3aTeM AaBJ1eHNe BOAOpOAa nOCTeNeHHO yMeHb-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
B oT,nHYHe OT TexxHYecxNx cH.nasos xxKe.~sl c xce.nesoM, Ha Yx-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
3. BbICKa3aH0 Ilpe~[iIOJIO}KeHxe O B3axMH0M BJIxSIHxx KFICJIOPO-
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x o B, Tpy,~bi I'LIACI, Bbin. IV, I'ocxNmNSltaT, 1954, cTp. 201; T. H. 6 e-
x x a, A. II. I~ p a c N .a b uI N x o B, TpyAbi I'I~IAI7, Bbin. III, I'ocxNm-
Ns,gaT, 1954, cTp. 173, 175.
2. A.I'I.I(pac~t!Ib~NKO6, B.A.AxApee6a, )I(~X, 27,389(1953).
3. T. H. b e .R x x a, A. H. I~ p a c N n b N(N K O B, }K~X, 28, 1286 (1954).
4. B. B. JI o c e s, b. H. K a 6 a H o B, }I(~X, 28, 824, 914 (1954).
5. II.jj.JIyxoBgeB,C.11.TIeBxxa, A.H.~pyMKNH,}K~X,13,916
(1939).
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3HepPHN TO N.~I FiBa B 3:12KTp NTieCKyFO, II3J~. AH ~,CCP, 1947.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 _ __
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/26 :CIA-RDP80T00246A043700350001-8
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