SOVIET PUBLICATION, RADIATION SICKNESS

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP80T00246A039100730001-7
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
C
Document Page Count: 
100
Document Creation Date: 
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date: 
April 28, 2010
Sequence Number: 
1
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
December 16, 1957
Content Type: 
REPORT
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP80T00246A039100730001-7.pdf4.91 MB
Body: 
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246A039100730001-7 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY This material oontains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the esptOnage Laws. T1t1e 18, U.S.C. Seas. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorised person if prohibited by law. C-0-N-F-I-D-E-N-T-I-A-L r COUNTRY USSR SUBJECT Soviet Publication, Radiation Sickness DATE DISTR. 16 December 1957 NO. PAGES REQUIREMENT NO. DATE OF INFO. PLACE & DATE ACQ. 1 RD a Soviet publication for medical Pobedinskiy, and L. F. Semenov. This -pi!bl't ii is UNCLASSIFIED when separated from this transmittal form. personnel which was published in Moscow in l956rentitled Radiation Sickness (Luchevaya Bolezn), by L. A. Kachur, V. A.,Petrov, M. N. 25X1 STATE X ARMY X NAVY 1Ak IR X FBI (Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X" Reid dhAributi on by "#".) AEC LX, FDDX Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246A039100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246A039100730001-7 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the iispionage Laws, Title 18, U.S.C. Sees. 70.1 and 794, the tttwsmlalon or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorised person if prohibited by law. COUNTRY USSR SUBJECT Soviet Publication, Radiation Sickness DATE DISTR. 16 December 1957 NO. PAGES 1 REQUIREMENT NO. RD DATE OF INFO. PLACE & DATE ACQ. a Soviet publication for medical personnel which was published in Moscow in 1956, entitled Radiation Sickness (Luchevaya Bolezn), by L. A. Kachur, V. A..-Petrov., M. N. Pobedinskiy, and L. F. Semenov. This-pubiitftUR is UNCLASSIFIED when separated from this transmittal form. STATE X ARMY X NAVY X AIR X FBI (Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field distribution by "#".) AEC X FDD -I%1 FORMATION REPORT ? ? a ? REPORT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246A039100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: rio-PnPRnTnn9aaon'a1nn7Rnnn1-7 cvi Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28 : CIA-RDP80T00246A039100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 JI. A. KALIYP, B. A. IIETPOB, M. H. ,IIOBEaI4HCKHI' H JI. (D. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 OTKPbITHE ECTECTBEHHOR H HCKYCCTBEHHOR PAAHOAKTHBHOCTH B 1896 r. q)paHuy3cKH1 4303HK AHpH BeKKepeJIb o6Ha- py7KHJI, vro HeKOTOpble XHMH4ecKHe 3J1eMeHTbI (ypaH H ero COJIH) o611aaalOT CBORCTBOM caMOnpOH3BOJIbHorO BbiaeJleHHH JIY4HCTON 9HeprHH. 9TO HBJIeHHe 6b1JlO Ha3BaHO p a A H 0- a K T H B H O C T b 10, a AaHHbie XHMH4eCKHe 3JIeMeHTbI - p a A H O a K T H B H bI M H (OT JIaTHHCKOrO CJIOBa cpa.gHyc:0- Jlyu). L4epe3 2 roaa noc.ne 3Toro coo61ueHHo MapHH H Thep Kiwi OTKPbIJIH ABa HOBbIX pa)ZHOaKTHBHb1X 3JIeMeHTa - nOJIOHHH H paj[HH. OAHa H3 OCo6eHHOCTel pa1LHOaKTHBHbIX 9JIeMeHTOB CO- CTOHT B TOM, ZITO HX CBONCTBa COXpaHRIOTCH He3aBHCHMO OT Tex XHMH4eCKHX Coe1HHeHH13, B KOTOPbIX OHH HaxolIATCH. TaK, H3J1y4eHHH pa1IH i, B3HTOrO B BHAe CepHOKHCJIOl3 HJIH XJIOPHCTOH COJIH, HH4eM He OTJIH9aJoTCH Apyr OT Apyra. 3TO o6CT0ATeJIbCTB0 YKa3bIBaeT Ha TO, 4TO paAHOaKTHBHOCTb eCTb CBOFiCTBO, npHcyulee HaHMeHee McHH10u.Lei%c 1 4acTH aTOMa - ero oApy. Pa3JIH9aIOT eCTeCTBeHHyIO H HCKyC- CTBeHHYIO paAHOaKTHBHOCTb. E C T e C T B e H H 0 A Ha3bIBaIOT paAHOaKTHBHOCTb XHMH- 4eCKHX 3JIeMeHTOB, BCTpe'a1OLL[HXC5T B npHpOAe B eCTeCTBeH- HOM BHAe. 1'1 C K Y C C T B e H H 0 P3 Ha3blBaroT pal[HoaKTHBHOCTb H30- TOnOB, nOJ1Y4eHHb1X HCKYCCTBeHHbIM nyTeM. KaK we 6bIJIO o6Hapy}KeHO H3JIY'eHHe paAHOaKTHBHbIX BJIeMeHTOB? AJIH H3y4eHHSI COCTaBa paaHOaKTHBHOrO H3JIy4eHHH COJIb paAHH noMe[IlaJlacb B CBHH11OBy1O KOpO6Ky C TOHKHM KaHa- JIOM H BbiaeJIeHHbIft nyqOK Jly'ei nponYCKBJ1C I Mex(lIy IIOJHOCaMH CHJTbHOrO MarHHTa. OKa3aJIOCb, 4TO 9TOT ny40K JIy4eH AeJiHTCH Ha TPH qaCTH. OAHH H3 Jiy4eA G1a6o oTKJIO- HAeTCH B MarHHTHOM noJle BJIeBO, ApyrON - 3Ha4HTeJIbHO CHJIbHee BnpaBO, a TpeTHf COBCeM He OTKJTOH TeTCH. DTH Jiy4H 6bIJIH o603HageHbl TpeMSI nePBbIMH 6YKBaMH rpe4eCKoro aJI()IaBHTa: a- (aJIbq)a), p- (6eTa) H T- (ram- ma) JIy4H (pHC. 2). KaK nOKa3aJI0 HccJIeAOBaHHe, JIy4H a COCTOHT H3 rIOTO- Ka 4aCTHU, XapaKTepH3YK)IIIHXCA ABOFIHbIM noJ10}KHTeJIbHbIM 3ap5IAOM H CpaBHHTeJIbHO 6OJ1b1IIO11 MaCcofl, paBHOA 4eTblpeM eAHHHdjaiM aTOMHOf Maccbl. 3TH ~4aCTHl[b1, H.a3BaHHbie Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 CTHuaMH, npeACTaanHIOT C0604 RApa renHR, BbIJIeTaTOn1;He c orpoMHot HagaJIbHOA CKOpOCTbIO, IIOCTHraIoujeF% 20 000 KM B CeKyHAy. 3Ty CKOPOCTb a-gaCTHUbI aOBOJIbH0 6bICTPO TepRIOT Bc ie1ICTBHe 6OJIb[Uoro 9Hc is CTOJIKHOBeHHA c dione- KyJ1aMH B032yXa, KOTOpbie OHH HCnbITbIBaIOT Ha CBOeM Mymi1. B KOHue nyTH a-9aCTHubI, TepHH CKOpOCTb, nPHCOeAH- PHc. 2. Pa3ueneHHe H3nyweHHa paiHH B Maf'HHTHOM none. H'RIOT ABa 3JIeKTPOHa, KOTOpble MOryT BCTpeTHTbCR Ha nyTH HX ABH)KeHHH, B pe3yJlbTaTe liero o6pa3yeTCH aTOM reJI O R. N-JIygH Iipel1CTaBJ!5T1OT co6oii HOTOK OTPHIjaTeJIbHO 3a- pRNceHI1biX 3JIeKTpOHOB, Bb16paCblBaeMbIX HApaMH paAHOaK- THBHbIX aTOMOB, ABH>KYILIHXCH CO CKOpOCTbiO, 6JIH3KO % K CKO- POCTH CBeTa. TaKHe 3JIeKTPOHbi npHHHTO Ha3bIBaTb P-4aCTHUaMH. }KOJIHO-KIopH, ipa'60TaH C HCKyCCT'BeHHbIMH 'Pa,1HOaRTHB- HbJMH BeluecTBaMH, o6Hapy}KHJI, Hap U y C OTPHIjaTCJIbHbIM, H nOJIO>KHTeJIbHOe r -H3JIy'eHHe. 3TO H30ygeH4e npeACTaB- JIHeT C06o 1 noTOK 6bICTpO ABH)KyI1HXCH gaCTHH, Ha3blBae- MbIX n03HTpoHamH. OHH o6JiaaalOT TOR we Maccot, qTO H 9JIeKTpOHbl, HO HeCyT eAHHHgHbift HOJIO?KHTeJIbHbIfi 3apHA H Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 SIBJIHTOTCH no CyU1CCTBy HOJIO}KHTeJIbHO 3ap5iMKeHHbIMH 3JIeKTpOHaMH. ~-JIyLIH, He OTKJIOHHeMble HH MarHHTHbIM, HH BJIeKTpHLIe- CKHM HOJIeM, HMeIOT Ty MKe BJIe;KTpOMarHI/THy1O HpHpOAy, LITO H JIy'IH PeHTreH'a, OTJIHLIaHCb OT HHX JIHHIb 60JIbLueI3 gaCTO- TOIi KOJie6aHHH (H 6oJIbuIeII KeCTKOCTbIO). KCHyCKaHHe c:-LlacTall 5TJIpoM MoMKeT 6bITb nOHHTO H8 OCHOBaFIHH aaHHbIX 0 CTPOeHHH HApa? AJlbc)a-LIaCTHubI npeA- CTaBJIHIOT CO6OII yCTOIILIHByIO rpynHllpOBKy H3 2 HeIITPOHOB H 2 HPOTOHOB - LIaCTHu, KOTOpbie BXOA51T B COCTaB Hj[pa. HcnycxaHHe MKe 6eTa-LIacTHu, npejjCTaBJ IIOL HX co6OIl 3JIeKTPOHbI HJIH H03HTPOHbI, eCTeCTBeHHO, o6yC]IOBJIHBaeT BOnpOC, OTKyjja 6epyTC9 B HApe 3JIeKTp0HbI H n03HTPOHbI? B HaCTOHUIee BpeMH B CJH3HKe 06ujenpHHHTbIM HBJIIeTCSI HpeACTaBJIeHHe, corjiaCHO KOTOPOMY BJIeKTPOHbI H H03HTpO- HbI, He 6yAy4H HOCTOHHHOH COCTaBHOII LIaCTbIO HApa, nOHBJIH- IOTCH B HeM npH B3aHMHOM npeBpaujelHHH Hei TpOHOB B 0POTOHbI H Hao6opOT. fIpH npeBpanjeHHH HeIITpOHa B npOTOH HcnyCKaeTC5I OTPHuaTeJIbHbIi BJIeKTpoH, HJIH n03HTPOH. HCHyCKaHHe PaJIHOaKTHBHbIX H3JIyLIeHHII COnpOBO)KjjaeTCH rJIy6OKHM npeBpauleeHHeM BeH.[eCTBa. fIOTOKH x- H ~-LIaCTHU, BbIJIeTaT H3 uAep aTOMOB, npespalualoT HX B HApa HOBbIX Be- ujeCTB. TaK, HanpHMep, yCTaHOBJIeHO, TITO HApo aTOMa pa- jIHH, HCHYCKa5i %-LIaCTHuy, npeJ cTaBJIHnOHjyIO co60Ii Hupo aTOMa reJIHH, UGHHMKaeT CBOH 3apijj Ha 2 eAHHHubI, MaCCy - Ha 4 eAHHHubI H npenpaiuaeTCH B Hjjpo aTOMa paAOHa. fIpH H3MeHeHHH 3apHAa HApa COOTBeTCTBeHHO Me'HHeTCH H LIHCJIO BJIeKTPOHOB B BJIeKTpOIIHOII o60JIOLI'Ke aTOMa, TaK KaK LIHcjio op6HTaJlbHbIX BJICKTPOHOB Bcerji,a COOTBeTCTByeT 3apHjjy SIApa. UpH noTepe x{e OTpIIuaTeJIbHOIi [3-LIaCTHubi nOJIOMKH- TeJIbHbII3 3apHA HApa B03paCTaeT Ha ojlHy ejjHHHuy (TaK KaK HCIYCKaHHe [%-LIaCTHubI HPOHCXOjIHT HPH HPeBpaujeHHH HefTpoHa B IIpOT'OH). B nePBOOM cJIytlae BJieMei-IT, noJlyLIeH- HbIII B pe3yJlbTaTe '-pacnaaa, HepeXOAHT no HepHOAHLieCKOli CHCTeMe McHAe.leeBa Ha aBe rpynnbi BJIeBO, a BO BTOpOM CJiytiae BJIe.MeHT, noJlyLlennblll B pe3yTlbTaTe r'-pacnaAa, ne- pexoAHT Ha OjjHy rpynny BHpaBO. 3TO noJlo)KeHHe HOCHT Ha3BaHHe 3aKOHa CMeW. IIIIH, HJIH 3aKOHa CABHFOB npH pa- RHOaKTHBHOM pacnajje. B HeiKOTOpbIX CJiyLiaix HcnycKaHHe 7- HJIH -RaCTHII COnpOBOMKAaeTCH O,IIHOBpeMeHHbIM BbIr eJIeHHeM -f -JiyLIeI3. DTO HPOHCXOJjHT BCJIejjCTBHe TOro, LITO o6pa3ylolljeeCH noc.le Bbl6poca 7- HJIH ;9 -LTaCTHU HAPO HOBOFO 3JPeMeHTa MOMKeT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 OKa3aTbCH B COCTOSIHHH, T. e. B COCTOHHHH, r1plH KOTOpOM 3'HepFHH Hapa Bbnue, 4eM Tpe6yeT ero yCTOI3- 4HBOe COCTOHHHe. IIpH nepexoRe H3 Bo36yxcaeHHOro cocTofi- HIIH B yCT013T-IHBOe H36bITOK 3HeprHH HAp'OM OTRaeTCH B BHRe HCnyCKaHHH -f -4aCTuu, He McHHIOHZeFO HH MaccbI, HH 3apHRa HApa. COBOKynnacTb Bcex npoayKTOB pacnaRa onpe,aeJlenHoro BJieMeHTa o6pa3yeT paaHOaKTHBHOe ceMeHCTBO HJIH p H a. PH,q o6pblBaercH Ha yCT0I3xIHBbIX 3JIeMeHTaX, He- cnoco6HbIX K gaJlbHefuieMy pacnaay? ,o nocjIeAHerO BpeMeHH 6bIJIH H3BeCTHbI TPH pHRa ecTe- CTBeHHbIX paAHOaKTHBHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB: pHA ypaHa, TOPHH H aKTHHHH. POAOHagaJIbHHKOM nepBoro pia HBJIHeTCH ypaH - 3JIe- McHT C aTOMHbIM BeCOM 238; pOAOHaqaJIbHHKOM BTOpOr0 pH- Ra - TOpHiI C aTOMHbIM BeCOM 232 H pOROHa9aJIbHHKOM TpeTber0 pHRa - aKTHHHA C aTO1MHbIM BeCOM 235. Bce TpH pHRa 3aKaHqHBaloTCH YCTOI31HBbIM 3JieMeHTOM - CBHHUOM. B HaCTOHn[ee BpeMH H3BeCTeH tleTBepTbIN PHA HCKyCCTBeHHO pa,aHOaKTHBHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB - PHJj HefTyHHH. HeUTyHH1 HMeeT aTOMHblii Bec 237; 6JIII}Kai-IHIHe npOAYKTbI ero pacnaRa npeaCTaBJIHlOT co6oiI 3JIeMeHTbI, paCHOJIO}KeHHble B Ta6JIFlue McHAeJleeBa 3a ypaHOM (TaK Ha3bIBaeMble TpaHcypaHOBble 3JIeMeHTbI). 3aKa'H'-IHBaeTC5q 3TOT pHA I- IepaaHOaKTIIBHbIM 3JIeMeHTOM - BHCMyTOM. Ha pnc. 3 noxa3aHa tIaCTb CXeMbI pacnaRa pHRa ypaHa. CKOpOCTb pacnaRa pa3JIHLIHbIX paAHoaKTHBHbIX 3JIeMeH- TOB pa3JIH'-IHa. aJIH XapaKTepHCTHKH CKOPOCTH pacnaRa npH- HHT nepHOR nOJlypac'naAa, T. e. BpeMH, B Te'IeHHe KOTOpOI'O pacaaAaeTCH HOJIOBHHa pa,HOaKTHBHOrO BeulecTBa. L.[Jii pa- RHH 3T0 BpeMH paBHO 1590 roaaM, RJIH paaOHa -3,88 aHHM H T. A. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 A?KTHBHOCTb pa11HOaKTHBHOro npenapaTa onpeaenReT 4H- CJio aroMOB, pacna.llaioLLIHxcR B e11HHHUy BpeMeHH. 3a eIIH- HHUy aKTHBHOCTH npHHHTO 011H0 KIOPH (I C), paBHoe 3,710-10 (37 MJIp11.) pacnaaaM B CeKyH,1y. fIpH6JIH3HTeJIb- HO 3T0 4HCJI0 pacnaAOB npeTepnesaeT I r paiHR B 1 celcyH- Ay. Ha npaiciHKe yn0Tpe6JlAlOT Menhwne e11H11HubI: O1jxy TbIC5i4Hy1O K1OPH - MFIJIJIHKIOPH (mC), paBHyro 3,7'10-7 pacnal[oB B ceKyHAy, H OA14 MHJFJIHOHHy1O K1OPH - MHKPO- KIOpH (?C), paBHyro 3,710_4 B ceKyH1Ly. flepBa1 Haepl-iaR peaxuuHH, B pe3yJlbTaTe KOTOpOFI 6wio npOH3BeJIeHO HC KyCCTBeHHoe npeBpame HHe B em e CT B a, 6b1JIa ocyluecTBJIeFIa Po3ep((lopuoM B 1919 r. EMy y.1a 1OCb, 6oM6apILUpyR Rapa a30Ta 7-4aCTIluaMH, Bb16HTb H3 HHX npOTOHbI H npeBpaTHTb HX B R11pa yCTOli4HBO- ro H3OTOna KHCJlopoiIa. 3T0 npespaLueHHe npoTexaeT no cJle,ayiouieH cu epHOli peaKIIHH 1: 7N14+2He4-.8017-]-,H1 (1) B pe3yJlbTaTe HCKYCCTBeHHbIX RAepHbTX npeBpaLueHFFt*i MO- ryT 6biTb nOJIygeHbl KaK yCTO}14HBble, TaK H HeyCTOr34HBbie- Pa11HOaKTHBIIbie - H30TOnbI. BnepBble HCKyCCTBeHHble paJIHOaKTHBHbie H30TOnbl 6bIJIH nOJ1y4eHbl B 1934 r. #aHuy3CKHM11 y4eHbIMH Hp3H H (Dpeice- pHKOM )KOJIHO-KfOpH. OH" nox3eprJiH 60M6apAHpoBKe o-4a- CTHUaMH aTOM 6opa H aJI1OMHHHR H, Bb16HB H3 HX RJ1ep HeA- TpOHbI, npeBpaTHJIH HX B aTOMbI pauHOaKT1nBHbIX H3OTOI1OB a30Ta H (1oc(~opa. 3TH npeBpaH.(eHHR nPOTeKaJIH no c ieAyio- IIIHM ypaBHeHH IM: 6810+2He4_,7N, s+,,)nl (2) Ii 13Al27+2He4_1,p30 + On' (3) PaJLHOaKTHBHbIFi a30T H (JOC(jJop npM CBOeM pacnaae, HCnYCKa1 n03HTpOHbi, aa1OT no.lo}KHTeJIbHOe R-H3JIy4eHHe. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 MYTH Bb1AEJIEHH$l BHYTPH31AEPHOR 3HEPrHH Ma.Ibie pa3Mepbl u pa, B KOTOpoM cocpeAoTO4e!la npa- KTH4eCKH BCA macca aTOMa, yKa3bJBalOT Ha BbICOKyIO nJIOT- HOCTb BeLIjeCTBa B HeM, Ha Heo6b14aNHO nJ1OTHy1O ynaKOBKY COCTaBJIAloLuHX ero 4aCTHLj, O6H3aHHyIO OrpoMHblM CHJiaM CB513H McMKAy HHMH. flpH pa3pyweHHH 3THX CB23efi BbUaeJIAeTCA AaepHaf 9HeprHA, B M1I.7JIHOHbI pa3 npeBOCXOARmau 3Heprnlo, no iy- 4eHHyio npH pa3pyweHHH X1IMH4eCKHX CBa3er1 B MOJI KJ1e, HanpHMep, npH ropeHHH. KaKOBbi me nyTll BbIAeneHHA 9TOii 3HeprHH? LITo6b1 OTBeiHTb Ha 3TOT BOnpoc, npocneaflM, KaK Me11AeTCA yCTOfl- 4HBOCTb A7,ep pa3JIH4HblX 3J1eMeHT06 Ta6Jllijbl Mell,geJleeBa. MepoA yCTOfi4HBOCTH Aapa MO>KeT CJIY?KHTb Be.'1H41iHa 3Hep- rHH CBA3H. yeM 60Jibwe 3HeprHH CB313H Me)Kay 4aCTHI1aMH aapa, TeM AapO yCTOr14HBee H, HaO6opOT, 4@M MCHbwc 3Hep- rHH CBa3,H, TeM McHbwe ero yCTOfi4H'BOCTb. ,aJls 3JIeMeHTOB, paCnWJ10MKeHHbIX B Ha4ajie Ta6JIHgbi McHaeneeBa, Ha116oJlee yCTOr14HBbIMH OKa3blBalOTCa aapa 9JIeMeHTOB, Y KOTOPbIX 41iCJi0 nPOTOHOB npHMepHO paBHO 4HCJIy Her1TpOHOB (renHii 2He4, yrnepoa 6012, a3oT,N14, KHC- JIOpOA 6016). JLii i HHX siieprna CB313H HMeeT 6onbwee 3Ha4e}He, 4eM AJIc BJIeMCHTOB, CTOHLIUHX B Ha4a.le H B KOHLje Ta6J1 H qbI. 11To6b1 06'b5iCHHTb yMeHbweHHe yCTOf4HBOCTH 6oJlee Ta- MKeJIb1X Aaep, Haao OCTaHOBI1TbC5`l Ha Bonpoce o CHJIax, Aeli- CTBYIOLIjHX BHYTPH aapa.. McMIKay npOTOHaMH. HHorJI,a CHJIbI OTTaJIKHBa- HHH MOryT pa3OPBaTb Hapo Ha .Ba notITH paBHbIX oCKOJIKa. TaKOH npouecc caMOnpoH3BOJIbHOrO aeJIeHHa U235 BnepBble o6HapyxCHJIH B 1938 r. coBe-rCKHe ygenbie F. H. (DJIepOB H K. A. fIeTpxcaK. 3HagHTeJlbHO McHbnIe 3Heprii CBH3H Y Haep 3JIeMeHTOB, pacnoJioxceHHbIX B caM0M HagaJie Ta6JIHubI: Y H3OTOna BO- aop-oaa - Ae'HnpH'H (IH2) H Y JIenK,arO H'3OTOIna reJ-HH (2He3). 06bHCHHeTCH 3T0 TeM, LITO HPOTOHbI H HeHTpOHbI B 3THX Hapax HaXO.HTCH Ha cpaBHHTeJIbHO 60JIbUIHX paCCTOH'HHHX, Bc.IeaCTBHe Nero CBH3b Mexcay HHMH ocJla6eBaeT H Hapa xo- TH H He paCnaaaIOTCH, HO HaXOLHTCH B 9HepreTH'-IecKH He- yCTOHiIHBOM COCTOHHHH. IIpH nepexoae H3 HeyCTOHTIHBoro COCTOHHHH B 6ojiee yCTOH4HBOe HapO oTaaeT H36bITO4HyK) 3HeprHio B BHae pa3JIHtIHbIX BHAOB H3JIytIeHHfI HJIH B BHAe TeHJIOBOH 3HeprHH. OTCioaa BO3MO}KHbI RBa nyTH BbIaeJIeHHH BHyTpHHaepHOfl BxeprHH: 1) pacnaa T5DKeJIbIX Haep H o6pa3oBanlie Haep 6ojiee JIerKHx 3JIeMeHTOB H 2) CHHTe3 H3 JierKHX Haep 6ojiee THNCeJIbIX. BbIaeJleHHe BHyTpHHaepxol3 3HeprHH, npoTeKaK)Hzee no nepBoMy nyTH, MOKHO npoCJIeaHTb Ha npHMepe peaxuHH Ae- JIeHH5I Haep ypaHa noa aefCTBHeM HeI3TpoHOB. JLEJIEHHE $1JLEP H LLEIIHbIE AAEPHbIE PEAKLLHH jj e Ji e H H e m" H a e p Ha3bIBaeTCH npouecc paculen.ie- HHH Hapa Ha ABe HJIH TPH (pe}Ke) LIaCTH, Ha3bIBaeMble OCKOJI- KaMH..Ueji,eHHe Haep aTo'M?oB MO)KeT 'npOHCXOu4Tb HOJ BJIHH- HHeM HeITIpOHOB, x- H T- 1aCT'Hu H T. A., HO TIawe Boero c 3TOH ueJlb}O HcnoJIb3yK)T051 'Hefirp-OHM. Pa3JIH4alOT 6bICTpbie, MeaJIeHHble H cOBCetM McLJieHHbie HeIiTpoHbI, 9HePrIIH KOTOpbIX OaHHaKOBa C 3HeprHei MOJIeKyJL, Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 y4aCTBy1OHjHX B TeIIJIOBOM ABH}KeHHH; IIO3TOMy HX Ha3bIBaIOT TeIIJIOBbIMH HeIITpOHaMH. rlpHPOAHbIH ypaH HMeeT TPH H30TOHa: ypaH C MaCCOII 238, KOTOpbII3 COCTaBJIHeT 99,280/0 Bcero npnpoAHOro ypaHa; ypaH c Maccof 235 (0,710/o) H c IMaccoil 234 (oxoJlo 0,0060/0). r1OCJIeAHHI1 H3OTOH He npeACTaBJINeT HHTepeca BBHAY TOro, 4TO B HpHp0Ae OH HMeeTCH B He3Ha'IHTeJIbHOM KOJIH4eCTBe. PHc. 4. 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TaKHM o6pa30M, 'IHCJIO Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 HefITpoHOB, ygaCTByIOIUHX B peaKUHH, 6bICTpO B03paCTaeT (3 HeATpOHa aaIOT 9; 9 aaIOT 27; 27 Aa1OT 81 H T. A?). IIO- .ao6Hble peaKLLHH B XHMHH HOCHT Ha3BaHHe u e n H b i X p e a K- u H t . BbICTpOe HapaCTaHHe LIHCAa HefTPOHOB npHBOAHT K o6pa30BaHHIO AaBHHbI. Pa3 'HagaBIUHCb, TaIK'OI3 npoi ecc pa3BI PBaeTCH CaMOn'pO- H'35OJ]bHO, oon'pOBo)KAaACb 'BbIAeAeHHeM orpOMHbIX KOJIHgI,eCTB 3He,prHH. Kay KyCKaMH dlpaf)HTa H ypaxa, BCTaBHTb !KaAMHeBble cTep- )(HH, TO C HX TIOMOLubIO MO}K'HO Inor.loluaTb 1104TH BCe Hec T'poH bl. CHCTeMa, COCTOALuasi H3 npHpoAHOro ypaHa, rpaq)HTa, KaAMHeBbIX CTep}KHeA, OKpy}KeHHaH TOJICTbIM 3aU1HTHbIM CJIO- eM 6eTOHa, Ha3bIBaeTCSI y p a H 0 B bI M K 0 T JI 0 M - p e a K- TOpO'M. B Inpouecce Ae.IeHHl ypaHa BbIAeJI5nOTCSI 3Ha'-I'HTeJIbHble KOJIHge'CTBa TenJla. fI03TOMy B KoTJI'e nIPeeIIyCMOTpeHO HHTeHCHBHOe BOAHHOe HJIH B03Ay111HOe oxJIa}KAeHHe. CneuHaJIBHble YCTPOFICTBa nO3BOJI5IIOT McHHTb CKOPOCTb pe- aKuHH B KOTJIe H peryJIHPOBaTb KOJIH4eCTBO Bb1AeJISieMOH 3HeprHH, KOTOpaS1 MO}KeT 6bITb npeo6pa3oBaHa B pa3JIHYHbie BHAbI 3HeprHH. , IpH o6JIy4IenHH CTa6HJIbHbIX siAep CBO60AHbIMH HeI{TpO- Ha'MH B ypaHOBOM KOTJIe MOrYT 6bITb nOJly4eHbl pa3JIH4Hbie paAHoaKTHBHble Beu[eCTBa - paAHoaKTHBHble H30TOfIbI (pOC- (~opa, Ko6aJIbTa, HaTPHSI H T. A. HCHOJIb3OBAHHE ATOMHO61 9HEPCHH B BOEHHbIX EEJIAX ECJIH ,eJIeHHe Su ep U235 HJIH PU239 ocyIueCTBHTb He3a- meAJIeHHbIMH HeiiTpOHaMH, TO jaHHbIrI npouecc 3aKOH1IHTCH B O4eHb KOPOTKOe BpeMl - B TbICH1IHble AOJIH CeKyHAbI. 3a 3TOT HH4TO KHO MaJlblii npoMe}KyTOK BpeMeHH BbIACJIHTCSI OrpOMHaH BHeprncI - npOH30I3AeT B3pbIB. Ha BTOM OCHOBaHO AeI3CTBHe aTOMHOI3 6oM6bI. ,IIpHHuHn aeRiCTBHq aTOMHOIi 6OM6bI npeACTaBJIeH Ha pHc. 6. 'fIJIOTHOe c0eAHHeHHe ABYX KyCKOB U235 HJIH PU239, Ka}KAbII3 113 KOTOPbIX HMeeT MaCCy HecKOJIbKO McHBL Ie KpHTH- 4eCKOIi, npH HaJIH4HH HeiiTpOHOB B pe3yJIbTaTe pa3BHTHft Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 uenHOrO npo?uecca Ae.IeHHH HIAep lO1ITH MrHOBeHHO npHBeAeT K B3pbIBy. B03HH;KaIoLuHII npH 3TOM B3pbIB ConpoBO}KAaeTC% KOJIOCCaJIbHbIM HOBbIMeHHCM AaBJIeHHH H TeMnepaTypbl. IIoc.IeAHAH AOXOAHT AO HeCKOJIbKHX MHJIJIHOHOB rpauyCOB (AJIA cpaBHeHHH yKa}KeM, 4TO TCMnepaTypa nOBepXHOCTH COJIHua cocTaBJIHIeT Bcero 6000? H TOJIbKO B6JIH3H ueHTpa PHc. 6. IIpHHuHnHanbHax cxeMa ycrpoA? CTBa aTOMHO6 60M6H. COJIHUa OHa IIOAHHMaeTCHI aO MHOrHX MHJIJIHOHOB rpaaycoB). TaKaH BbICOKaM TeMnepaTypa npH B3pbIBe npHBOAHT K o6pa- 3OBaHHIO CBeTOBOrO H3JIy4eHHH. B MOMeHT B3pbIBa Ha6JIIoaaeTCHI OCJIenHTeJIbHaH BCnbILU- Ka, COnpOBwKAaK)LUaHICHI pe3KHM 3ByKOM, KOTOpbIfi HanoMH- HaeT paCKaT rpoMa. BcneA 3a 9THM nOHIBJIHIeTCH OCHOHHbn3 Map, nOAHHMa1O1UHNC5I BBePX Ha BbICOTY 15 KM B BHAe KJIy- 6Bn eroCHl o6JIaKa rpH60BHAHOI3 q)OpMbI CO CKOPOCTbIO 100 M B CeKyH,ay. Pe3Koe nOBbIMeHHe aaBJIeHHHI BbI3bIBaeT MOHIHyIO yAap- HyIO BOJIHy. HapHAy CO B3pbIBHOI3 BOJIHON iH CBeTOBbIM H3.,ny- ileHHeM, AeccTByeT IIpOHIHKaIomaH paAHaunH, cocroBmaB Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 rJIaBHbIM o6pa30M H3 HOTOKOB HeTTpOHOB If 7-,ny'Iel3. Kpori. Toro, no nYTH ABHN{eHHH 9TOrO o6JIaKa HPOHCXOAHT paAHo- aKTHBHoe 3apaN{eHHe McCTHOCTH H BO3AyXa. 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H MHOrO pa3 CHJIbHee, 9eM B3pbIB aTOMHOrf 60M6bI, H ConpOBO}KI(aeTCH OH eu e 60JIbUJHM11 pa3pylHeHIHs1- Mn H BbIAeJIeHHeM paJjHOaKTHBHbIX IIpOAyKTOB. B3AHMOAEACTBHE H3JIYgEHH0 C BEIRECTBOM B opraHH3Me 4e.noBeKa H }KHBOTHOTO nOA IBJIHH'HHeM H3JIymeHHH B03HHKaIOT CJIONCHbie 6HOXHMHYeCKHe npouecebl, KOTopbie coyNKeH BCTynHTb B TOT )Ke CaMbIN paNOH cpa3y Bce nocJre BO3BpaIIJeHHH nep- Boro oTpHAa H HaxOAHTbCH B HeM 3 Baca. Heo6xoJIHMo nOJ(CTIHTaTb, QHaKy1o A03y IIIOJIy'HT nepcoxaJi OTPHJja. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 MOLD HOCTb A03bI qepe3 2 'Iaca noc Ie B3pbIBa paBHa: P=15 r/tiac. r1o.nb3yHCb Ta6JI. 8, JIerKO 'IIOAC4HTaTb, 'ITO MOLLIHOCTb A03bI n0 BpeMeHH, COOTBeTCTByIOIIIeMy 4 gacaM, yMeHbIUHTCH 0,5 B o 2 =2,5 pa3a, a c.neaosaTeJlbHo, 6yAeT paBHa: 15 2,5= 6 r/qac. B Ta6JI. 8 HaXORHM 3HaueHHe nepecueTHoro K09( HLIHeH- Ta, COOTBeTCTByIOLUerO HCTeKLIIeMy BpeMeHH nocze B3pbIBa - 4 gacaM, H AJIHTeJIbHOCTH npe6bIBaHHH B 3arp513HeHHON 30- He-3 Baca. 9TOT K09(~HIIHeHT paBeH 2,2. CJIe1IOBaTeJIbHO A03a, noJly'IeHHa5 nepCOHaJIOM OTpua, 6yaeT paBHa: 6 ? 2,2=13,2 r. AE3AKTHBAUH9 3APA)KEHHbIX IIOBEPXHOCTER H CAHHTAPHASI OBPABOTKA JIHgHoro COCTABA HapHAy c pa3JIH4IHbIMH pa6OTaMH no OKa3aHH1O nOMOll H HacejleHHIO, IIOCTpaaaBIIIeMy npH B3pbIBe, HeMaJIOe BHHMaHHe npHaeTCH yaeJIHTb BOnpOCaM Ae3aKTHBaUHH. CneiIIHaJlbHble KOMaHAbI yCTaHaBJIHBa}0T CTeneHb 3apa- 3KeHHOCTH McCTHOCTH paaHOaKTHBHbIMH BeILIeCTBaMH H 060- 3'HakaJOT HCCJIOAOBaH-Hble yuaCTKH On'pueneHHbIAH 3Ha:Ka MB. roBopH O aera3auHH oTpa'BJIIHIOIIIMX BeU eCTB, Heo6Xo- AHMO nOMHHTb, 'ITo nOA 9THM nOHHMaeTCH yHHNTO)KeHHe aKTHBHOCTH HX nyTeM Bo3.AecCTBHH Ha HHX pa3JIHIIHbIMH XH- MHYeCKHMH HpOAyKTaMH. rlpH pa6oTe c paaHOaKTHBHbIMH BeIIIeCTBaMH ae3aKTH- BaLIHH nOHHMaeTCH He KaK Cnoco6 yHHiITO}KeHHH paAHOaKTHB- HbIX BeIuecTB, a KaK Cnoco6 ee y a a it e H H H, TaK KaK yH:H'qTONK'HTb paAHoa4{THBII6CTb Ka'KHMH-JIH6o XH,MHiLIeCKHM:H CpeaCTBa'MH HeJIb'3H. 3aaa is Ae3aKTHBauuHH - CBeCTH K MH- HHMyMy onaCHOCTb, o6yCJIOBJIeHHyJO paaHOaKTHBHbIMH 3a- rp5l3HeHH5TMH. C 9TOH UeJIbIO Heo6XOAHMO IIpOBeCTH cneaylomHe Mepo- npnHTHH. 1. r1OJIHOCTbIO yCTpaHHTb 3arpc3HeHHbIH npeaMeT, 3apbNB ero B 3eMJIIO HJIH C6pOCHB B Mope. ECJIH BOnpOC KaeaeTCH He- 60JIbLIIOf TeppHTOpHII, HaInpHMep, npoxo) a, TO CJIeAyeT CHHTb Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Ta6nHIIa9 066(as OTHOCHTen6Ha9 ) O3a H3JIy9eHH9, HOJIy eHHas B 3arps 3HeHHOrf HpOAYKTaMH AeJIeHH9 30He HeHHO% 3OHe 12 MHHYT . . . . . . 30 s . . . . . . .. 1 vac . . . . . . . 2 vaca . . . . . . . 3 3, . . . . . . . 8 vacoB . . . . . . . 16 a . . . . . . . 1 AeHb . . . . . . 2 3 4 I 5 I 6 I 8 I 10 20 I 30 I 40 I 50 0,18 0,19 0,19 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 I 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,4 0 0,42 0,45 0,46 0,47 0,48 0,49 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,65 0,8 0,83 0,86 1 0,90 0,92 0,94 0,96 0,98 0,99 1,0 1,0 1,0 ~ 1.3 1 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,9 1,9 1,9 1 9 2,0 2 0 2 0 , , , 0,2 1,6 2,0 12,2 ~ 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8 2,9 2,9 3,0 1,7 2,5 3,3 4,0 4,3 4,6 5,0 5,5 6,3 7,0 7,2 7,3 2,2 3,5 5,2 5,5 6,2 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,1 11,0 12,0 13,0 2,0 4,0 5,5 I 6,3 7,0 I 8,0 10,0 1110 14,0 16,0 17,0 17,0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 CJIOIi 3arpSI3HeHHOH 3eMJIH HJIH, Hao6opOT, HaKHAaTb CJIOH 3eMJIH, He 3arpH3HeHHOH paJLHOaKTHBHbIMH BeHIeCTBaMH. 2. H3OJIHPOBaTb 3arp5l3HeHHbII3 npeameT Ha HeKOTOPOe BpeMH, noKa aKTHBHOCTb He yMeHbUJHTCH AO npeAe.nbHO AOnYCTHMbiX yPOBHeH. 3. OLHCTHTb npeAMeT OT paAHOaKTHBHbIX 3arpH3HeHHH. YAa.IeHHe pa,UHOaKTHBHOrO BeIueCTBa HJIH nOBepXHOCT- HOI'O CJIOH npe.aMeTa, B KOTOpbIH KaKHM-JIH60 O6pa3OM np0- HHKJIO pa1IH0aKTHBHOe BeugeCTBO, MO?KHO OCYLIIeCTBHTb KaK 4HCTO q)H3H4eCKHMH, TaK H XHMH4eCKHIMH npHeMaMH. ~IJIH pa3pa6OTKH McTOAHKH XHMH4eCKOII Le3aKTMBauHH HeO5XO,WHMO 3HaTb, KaKHMH paLHOaKTHBHbIMH BemeCTBaMH o6yCJIOBJIeHO 3arp5MeHHe. TaK KaK paAHOaKTHBHbie Beu.Ie- CTBa npeACTBBJIHK)T CO6oH CJIO}KHYIO CMeCb, Heo6XoAHMo npHMeHHTb TaKHe XHMH4eCKHe BeLLIeCTBa, KOTOpble IMOrYT BCTynaTb B peaKIIHH H CnOCO6CTBOBaTb paCTBOpeHHIO Lleioi rpynnbI XHMH4eC!KHX 3JIeMe,HTOB. DTO AOCTHraeTCH InyTeM nPHMeHeHH$ pa3JIH4HbIX BeIueCTB, KOTOpble o6pa3yIOT pac- TBOPHMbie KOMHJIeKCHble coeJIHHe.HHH. BeujeCTBa, crioco Hble o6pa3OBbIBaTb KOMnJieKCHbie pac- TBOpHMbie COeAHHeHHH, Ha3bIBaIOT KOMnJieKCOO6pa3yIOHIHMH areHTaMH. K 4HCJIV TaKHX BeLLIeCTB, OTHOCHTCH COJIH JIHMOH- HOH KHCJIOTbI H ApyrHx OpraHH4eCKHX KHCJIOT, Koropbie npH- FOAHbI JIJIH Ae3aKTHBaUHH peAKO3eMe.IbHOi3 rpynnbI 3JIeMeH- TOB. KOHIIeHTPHpOBaHHbie ipaCTBOpbI ooJleH COJIHIH'OH HHCJIOTbI MOrYT OKa3aTbCH nOAXOA$LLIHM 'paCTBOpRIOIII,HM areHTOM AJIH H3OTOnOB paZIHI, PyTeHHH H APyrHX Ba)KHbIX npOAyKTOB AeJIeHHH. AJIH yAa.IeHHH 3arpc3HeHHbIX CJiOeB MaCJIHHOH KpaCKH MO}KHO npHMeHHTb uzeJIOtIH. JJIH yAaJieHHH 3arp5l3HeHHbIX OKpaLueHHbIX CJIOeB BMeCTe C XHMH4eCKHMH CpeACTBaMH MO}KeT 6bITb peKOMeHJIOBaH OCTpbIH nap, a TaK}Ke o6pa6OTKa OKpa1IIeHHbIX nOBepXHOCTeH nJiaMeHeM. fJiaMI, HMeioLLlee BbICOKYIO TeMnepaTypy (KHC- JIOpOAHaH ropeJiKa, nJIaMH na5JIbHOH JlaMnbi), M0}KeT OKa- 3aTb ABOHKOe AeHCTBHe. Bo-nepBbIX, PaAHOaKTHBHbie BeIIIe- CTBa KHcnapHTCH>> C noBepXHOCTH. TaKOH McTOA Ae3aKTHBauHH CJieAyeT nPHMCHHTb Ha OTKpbITOM B03AyXe HJIH B XOPOIIIO BeHTHJIHpyeMbIX noMeuzeHHHX, npOBOAH pa60Ty B cooTBeT- CTBYIOLLIeM KOCTIOMe H O6H3aTeJIbHO B MaCKe. Bo-BTOpbIX, ropi4ee nJIaMH BbI3OBeT ,xKopo6JIeHHe)o MaCJIAHOI3 KpaCKH, nocne 4ero nocneAHHH CpaBHHTeJIbHO JIerKO MO}KeT 6bITb yAaJieHa C fOBePXHOCTH 'npeAMeTa. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Tho6ble paCTBOpHTeJiH - 6eH3HH, CnHpT, KepOCHH - MO- ryT OKa3aTb 3HaqHTeJIbHY!O HOMOUib npH O4IHCTKe 3arp5l3HeH- HbIX paliHoaKTHBHbIM BeuieCTBOM nOBepXHOCTeI3. Pa,gHOaKTHB- Hbie BeuiecTBa, c ia6o CBH3aHHbie c nOBepXHOCTb1O, HanpH- Mep, HaJieTbl nbIJIH, OCaAKH 3eMJIH, cMenlaHHbie c paAHO- aKTHBHbIMH BeIueCTBaMH, MOT 6bITb yaaJleHbl JHO6bIMH cpe,IiCTBaMH, HMeIOH,HMHC51 B pacnopSl>KeHHH nepcoxarla, npOBoA5iuiero Ae3aKTHBauHIo. flpeHMyuieCTBOM o6JlaaaIOT Te CHOCO6bi, OT npHMeHeHHH KOTOpb1X paAHoaKTHBHble BeilieCTBa 6yAyT MeHbiue pacnbl- JI$ TbCSI. BO BCSIKOM cJiy9ae Bceraa Heo6XOAHiMO IIPHHHMaTb MepbI, YTO6bi HpeAOTBpaTHTb paCnblJIeHHe paAHoaKTHBHbIX BeuiecTB. CaHHTapHasi o6'pa'60TKa JIHtlHoro C,OCTa- B a. B nepByiO ogepeab HeO6XOAHMO npOH'3BOAHTb caHHTap- Hyio O6pa,60TKy juil HOro COCTaBa, KOTOpbiH conpaxacaac5l c npe.2MeTaMtH, 3alpa7KeHHbIMH paLaHoaKTHBHbIMH BeuieCTBaMH, c o6 p a ui eH HetM oco6Or0 B H'H M a HtH31 Ha O6 p a'60TKy B'ioe'X He 3aLuHlneHHbIX O2e}KAOii ilacTet Tena. flpe>KAe BcerO Hy3KHO TuiaTe.nbHO BbIMbITbCSI BOAOFi C MbIJIOM (oco6eH,HO BOJIOCbI, HOrTH, CKJIa,KH xo)KH, POT, HOC, rJla3a, ywu), npeABapHTeJIbHO y6eAHBIHHCb B TOM, 4TO yno- Tpe6JlxeMasl Aim yMbIBaHHSI BOAa He 3arpx3HeHa paAHoaK- THBHbI'MH BeuieCTBa.MH. O6MbIBaTb CJieAyeT OleHb (>CTOpO)KHO, zITO6b1 He HaHecTH Ha TediO uapanHH H ccaAH'H, TaK KatK no- Bpe}K,geHHH Ha KO)Xe OTKpbI,BaIOT nyTb AJISI HpOHHKHOBeH.HSI pa,LHOaKTMBHoro BenieCTBa B TKaHb. floc ie O6MbrBaH'HSI C rIOMOUIbJO c, eTgH,Ka HJIH apyror'o ~n'pH6Opa y6e}K1 alOTCH, 'Ka- KOBa CTerIeHb 3arp'5P3HeHHOCTH nOBepXH0CTei3 TeJia. Bum 3a- rpH3HeHHe euie BeJIHKO, Heo6XOAHMo nOBTOpHTb o6MblBaHHe; ec.IH xce 3arp5l3HeHHOCTb nOBepXHOCTH KO>KH He yMeHbuiaeT- CSI, TO IMOWHO npHMeHHTb XHMH9ecKHe CpeACTBa. H3OTOHH9eCKHFi paCTBOp PH2, HJIH aeFIHJISITOPHble (T. e. Kepa.IHTH4eCKHe) areHTbl, HanpHMep, CMeCb 6ap1iH H Kpax- MaJIa, n03BOJI511OT y1IaJiHTb BenieCTBa, np09HO npHCTaBIHHe K KO}Ke. PeKOMeHAyeTCSI nOJlb3OBaTbC5I cJia6b!M paCTBOpObI 6HKap6oHaTa HaTpH51, 0006eHHO aim O6MbIBaHH5I CJIH3HCTbIX o60JIOgeK, nOCKOJIbKy OH SIBJIHeTc 1 KOMHJIeKCHbIM paCTBOpH- TeJIeM AJI51 HeKOTOpbIX npOAYKTOB Ae.IeHHH. B p uie cJiygaeB OKa3bIBaeTCH 3c1XIJeKTHBHbIM o6MbIBaHHe XO}KH nacTOR H3 JIByO!KHCH THTaHa (Ti02), 'KOTOpb1c, H1BJI51- 51Cb aMCpOTepoM, CnOCO6CTByeT paCTBOpeHHIO p51Aa BeIIieCTB. LIepe3 2 MHHYTbI naCTy CHHMaIOT, 06MbIBaIOT KO)Ky rOp5meII Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Bo.AOH, a nociie 3TOro eMe pa3 npOH3BOAHT O'6blIlHOe o6Mbl- BaHHe c MbIJIOM. B HeKOTOpbIx cJlygaxx, Koraa noc ie pxua HcTKe- HHe BopCHHOK. Ha9ano BOCCTaHOBJIeHHA (KpnnTbi BOCCTaHOBneHbl). CXeMa (H3 pa6o- TbI Jl. (D. CeMeHOBa). I- BOpCHHKH; 2 - noaCJIH3HCTa9 oeo.rogKa: 3 - Mbl- u1e9Hbill CJIoft; 4- cepo3Ba! o6o.no4Ka; 5-CJIH3HCTaB. ,aa Ke ripH TAxceJIOI3 cope J1yTieBo1 6oJie3HH B 9TOT nepuo, He BbISIBJIAeTCA 3Ha'IHTeJIbHbIX HapymeHHA COCyJLHCTOA CH- CTeMbI; OTMeTIaeTCH JIHIIIb CHH?KeHHe KpOBHHOrO 1LaBJIeHH51. BbIJLeJIHTeJIbHaA CHCTeMa, IIb1XaTeJIbHBA CHCTeMa, K0}KHbie HOKpOBbI - 6e3 3Ha4HTenbHbIX OTKJIOHeHHA OT HOPMbi. TaKHM o6pa30M, nepBai He.aenH 3a6oneBaHHA HBJIAeTCSI KHOCTb BMeJIINBaTbCH B O6MeHHble npOUeCCbl, npen5TTCTBy51 HX Te4e- HUJO, Bbl3bIBaH B HHX OTKJIOHeHHH. Ha9aJlbHble CJ[BHIN B TKaHeBOM 06MeHe CTa:HOBHTCH HCTO4HHKOM HepBHbIX npouec- COB, Bb13bIBaIOT HapymeHHH B ueHTpaJIbHbIX peryJIHTOPHbIX opraHax (ronOBHOR M03r, 3HJIOKPHHHble 3KeJIe3bl), 4TO BJIe4eT 3a Co6o1 1[aJlbHefIIIIHe naTOJIOCN4eCKHe npOHBJIeHHH Ha nepH- cpepHH. B npouecce BOCfPHBTHH nymeBoro B03JjecCTBH5] Cy- IueCTBexnyIO pOJIb HrpaeT pa3ApaxKe npenapaTOa, ycTpaiiH- iOLUHX BereTaTHBHble iiapymeuHN (6e.1JiaaOHHa H .ILp.). Rp. T-rae Belladonnae T-rae Nucis vomicae as 10,0 MDS. ITo 10-15 Kanenb 2 pasa B aerib Rp. Dimedroli 0,02 Sacchari albi 0,3 M. f. PUN. DS. Ho I nopoulKy 2-3 pasa B AeHb B TeveHHe 1-2 AHey fIOCJIe ycTpaHeHHA CHMITTOMOB O6meii paHHei peaxunH rJiaBHbie JieIe6Hb1e MepOnpUATHA HailpaBJ 1JOTCH Ha 6opb6y C OCHOBHbIMH CHCTeMHbIMH HapymeHHSIMH, HaCTynaIOIUHMH B nepBOM nepioae 3a6oJIeBaHMn, Ha HopMaJIH3auHio (kYHKUHH nHLueBapHTeJIbHOrO TpaKTa H KPOBeTBOpHOH CHCTeMbi. lIpH pa3BHTHH HapymeHHFi CO CTOpOHbI 3KeJIyaOgH0-KHmetlHOrO TpaKTa 6oJibmoe 3HatieHHe HMeeT yXOJi H )IHBTa. PeKOMeFu yeTcc1 nHTb KaK MO}KHO 60JIbwe (1pyKTOBbMX COKOB, 6oraTbIX BHTaMHHaMH, MHHepaJIbHbIX BOA, KpeIIKOro cimAxoro uan, Ko(pe, yn,oTpe6J1HTb xcHLKyIO HJIH nOJIy}KHj[- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 KyK) 'rIHLuy - MOJIOKO H MOJIOLIHble HPOJjy'KTbI, npOMOJIOTOe MSICO, (p,p1'Ka1IeJ1b'KH, Iialp,OBbie KOT,JIeT'bI. CaeayeT !H336eraTb neperpy3KH }KeJIy1 ogIHO-KIILHegHoro TpaKTa. nHLuy Ha)jO HpHHHMaTb nouauje 11 He60JIbI1IHMII nopuHFIMH. B CBH3H C TeM, LITO Ha3Ha'laeMaH JIH3Ta orpaHHYHBaeT IIOCTyL JIeHHe B OpraHH3M nHTaTeJIbHbIX BeLueCTB, ytIHTbIBaH TaK}Ke HapymmeHHe nepeBapHBaHHH H YCBOeHHH BBe1IeHIIbIX I1HLueBbIX np0'AyKTOB, ueJlecoo6pa3HO Ha3HaLIeHHe nap9HTe- paJIbHOrO fHTaHH51 - BHyTpHBeHHOe BBeJjeHHe 6eJIKOBbIX npe- uapaTO'B, nJIa3-MbI, CbIBOp,OTKH KpOBH, a Ta'K}Ke BH7oBB0iH,ecII,e- IjHq)H IeC'KOFi CbIBOpOTKH. BHJ oBOHeCneuH(4H,iecKa5i CbIBOpOTKa, npHPOTOBJIeHHaH H3 6blLibef4 KpOBH, HBJI5ieTCSI ueHHbIM 6eJIKOBbIM npeaapaTOM, NO CBOHM (JH3HKO-XHMHLieCKHM CBOHCTBaM H 6HOJIOrHLieCKOMV JIeLICTBHIO 6JIH3KHM K nJIa3Me LIeJIOBeLIeCKOi3 KpOBH. BBOJIHTCSI 3Ta CbIBOPOTKa BHyTPHBeHHO B JI03e Ao 2 JI 3a O)WHH npHeM. fOJIO}KHTeJIbHbIM MOMeHTOM SIBJISieTCA TO, LITO 3Ta CbIBOPOTKa .IHLHCHa aHa(JHJIOreHHbIX, arrJIHOTHHOreHHbIX H TOKCHKOreH- HbIX CBOIiCTB, LITO YCTpaHSIeT BO3MO}KHOCTb aJIJIeprHLIeCKHX peaKuHI3, LiacTO Ha6JIIoJja1om.nxcH IPH BBe.r eHHH 6eJIKOB Ha q)OHe JIyLIeBoi 6OJIe3HH. CJieAyeT TaK}Ke 3a6OTHTbCH 0 nonoJIHeHHH HeAOCTaTKa BHTaMHHOB H BBOJIHTb nap3HTepaJIbHO aCKOp6HHOByIO KHCJIO- Ty, BHTaMHH B1, HOJIHBHTa,MHHHble npenapaTbl. Rp? Sol. Acidi ascorbinici 5% 1,0 in smp. DS. BHyTpHBeHHO no 1-3 MJI B JIeHb B TeeeHHe HC1I JIH Rp. Vitamini Bi 5% 1,0 in amp. DS. 1 pas B Jleab K KOHuy pee aH3TbI. nepBOK HeJIe.IH AOnyCTHMO fHIua B 3TOT nepHOJI AOJDI Ha 6bITb XOpOHIO nparoTOB- JIeHHOIi, JIerKO yCBOHemofi, cBe KeI, BbICOKOKaJIOpH13HOIi. B KageCTBe MepOnpHSITHA, CHO006CTByIOLuerO BO00TaHOBJIe- HHIO ceKpeuHH xKeJie3 }KeJIyJIKa, a TaK}Ke BJIH IIOLuerO Ha JIeH- TeJIbHOCTb JlpyrHX }KeJIe3 HHLueBapHTeJIbHO13 cHCTeMbi, peKO- M HJLyeTCH Ha3HaLIeHHe COJIHHOII KHCJIOTbI, nencuHa, a TaK)Ke ynOTpe6JIeHHe HaTypaJlbHOFO }KeJIyJIOLIHOrO COKa. npH pa3BHTHH HOHOCOB, He CBH3aHHbIX B HaLIaJIbHbIX CTa- JIH1IX C HH(peKuH0HHbIMH areHTaMH, ueJlecoo6pa3Ho npHMeHe- HHe npenapaTOB OnHH, aTpOrIHHa, 6eJIJiaJjOHHbI. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Rp. Sol. Atropini sulfurici 0,1% 1,0 DS. Ho I aMnyJie nOAKO}KHO n Te- venne I neAeJIH 3a6oneBaHHB njm OAHOKpaTHO IIpH nO3AHHX Hapy- HICHHBX Rp. Extr. Belladonnae sicci 0,01 Sacchari albi 0,2 M. f. pule. DS. Ho 1 nopoluKy 3 pa3a B AeHb B TegeHHe 7-10 AHeit Rp. T-ra Opii simplici 30,0 DS. Flo 5-10 Kanenb 2-3 pa3a B Aenb B Teueime 1 HeAejin Rp. Acidi hydrochlorici diluti 50,0 DS. Flo 5-10 Kane.nb na noncTa- Kana Ao eAbi 3 pa3a B Aenb B TegeHHe 1 -2 neaenb Pp. Succi gastrici naturalis 100,0 DS. Ho 1 cTOJIOBOcci no}KKe 3 pa3a B AeHb AO eAbi B Teuenue 2-3 He1eJlb B OTHOIIIeHIIH KpoBeT'BOpHbIX OpraHOB Ha nepBbIX 3TanaX 3a60JIeBaHHSI (nepBble 5-7 AHex 6oJIe3HH) HaHJI.yqIIIHe pe- 3yJIbTaTbI HOJIyqaIOTCSI HpH KOMneHCaTOPHbIX MepOHpHHTHSIX: BBeaeHHe JIefKOUHTapHOH H 3pHTpO11HTapHOIi B3BecH, nepeJiH- BaHHH KpOBH, HJIa3MbI H T. A. KOJIHIIeCTBO 'riepeJIHTO}I KPOBH 3a OIHH pa3 He ,i(OJD}KHO npeBblLHaTb 300-500 'MJI. BJIHBaHHe rIOBTOPSIJOT 4epe3 3-5 aHefI. CTHMYJISIUHR KPOBCTBOpeHHH B 3TOM nepHoAe npOTHBonoKa3aHa. C u,eJIbIO HOJU ep?KaHiIH BOAHO-COJIeBOrO PaBHOBeCHH B OpraHH3Me nepeJIHBaHHe I1eJIbHOi-I KPOBH B 3THX 103ax MO?KHO CogeTaTb C BBeJ eHHeM B3BeCH cJopMeH- HbIX 3JIeMeHTOB, CcH3HOJIOrHT-IeCKOrO paCTBopa H PaCTBOPOB rJIIOiK03bI. Rp. Sol. Glucosae 40% 10,0 in amp. DS. BHyTpHBeHnO no 10 MJI Ka}K- 2ui0 aeHb B TegeHHe 1-2 HPAenh Rp. Sol. Natrii chlorati 1% 100,0 DS. Ho 5-10 Mn BHyTpHBeHHO. H3oTOHH9ecKHfi paciBOp (PIIH- rep-JloKKa) Rp. Natrii chlorati 8,5 Ka1ii chlorati Calcii chlorati Natrii bicarbonici a'a 0,2 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 B KOHIIe nepBOfi - B HauaJre BTOpOIi HeaehIH 6oJIe3HH KO- JiHLIeCTBO nepe.lllBaeMoli KPOBH MON{eT 6bITb yBenn4leno. CoxpaHHSI 3aMeCTHTeJIbHOe 11 aJIHMeHTapHoe (nHTaTejibHoe) 3-HatleHHe, rCMOT'paFIC(py3H5i B 3TOT nepno. i HrpaeT pOJIb CT'H- MyJIATOpa KpOBeTBopeHH51. B AaHHOM criyuae nepeiiriBarHA KPOBH AOJI?KHbI CO'ICTaTbCA c apyrnMH B03JIeiICTBHHMH, CTH- MyJIHpyIOHIHMH KPOBeTBOpeHHe (BBe1enne B3BeCH KOCTHOro M03ra, BJIH5IHHe Ha O6MeH KPOBeTBOpHOA CHCTCMbI, pe4 JleK- TOpHoe B036y}KAeHHe KPOBCTBOPeHHA H AP.). B KageCTBe CTHMYJIHTOPOB JIeffK0n003a HCBOJIb3YIOT Te- 3aH (T-25 H T-7), CHIHTe3il4poBaH.HbI1i JIa'6opaTOPHefi BHf4X(DH, H neHTOKCHJI - OpHrnHaJIblIblfi CoBeTCKHfl ripe- napaT. Jleue6Hoe aef1CTBHe nelITOKCHJia Bbipa}KaeTCH B nOABJIe- H11H B KPOBH 3peJIb1X rpaHy.TIOIIHTOB, yBe.TIHIICHHH o6nierO KO- JIH44eCTBa JleI{KOUHTOB, KOTOPOe M07KeT Ha'iaTbC 1 iepe3 2-3 AHA OT Ha4a.Tia JTe'IeHHA, npeKpaLueHHH KPOBOH3.TIH5iHHII, CCJIH TaKOBbie HMeJIHCb, paHO BbIABJIHIOLIIe,MCA yJiyhlLueHHH o6ii[ero CocTOAHHA. PaCTBOpeHHhlfi CTePHJIbHbIM (~ H3HO.TiorHNeCKHM paCTBOPOM I : 10 HJIH I : 20 Te3aH BBOAAT BHyTpnMbIHIe'IHo n0 I MJI or 2 Ao 4 Pa3 B CYTKH C HITTepBaJlaMH He Melee 4-5 uaCOB. floc ie HH'beKIIHH Te3aHa 6oJlbHbie oluyuJaIOT KpaTKOBpeMeH- Hoe 'IyBCTBO 3K}KeHHA. Kypc HHbeKLIHIi Te3aHa rIpOBOAHTCA He McHee 10 AHefi nOA KOHTPOJl i Hc'CJTe:OBaNHA KPoBkI ('KOJiII'IeCTBO )Ie13'x,o- LIHTOB, (JopMyJTa). flpn HOBbIlUeHHH KoJINIIeCTBa JIefIKo,uH- TOB A0 HOpMbI HH-beKLIHH MO}KHO npeKpaTnTb paHbllle 10 aHefi. Ha KPOBeTBOpeHHe B UeJIOM H 0006eHH0 Ha BpHTpOIIH- TapHyIO YaCTb KPOBH OKa3bTBBIOT CTHMVJIHpylOLuee BJIH1HHe TaKI1e HpOMe}KyTO'IHbie npOAyKTbl O6MeHa KOCTHOI'O M03ra, KaK opraHH9eCKHe npenapaTbi x(e.ne3a (KOMHOHeHT, Heo6xo- AHMbTir A.1AA CHHTe3a reMorJIO6HHa), COeAHHeHH51 K06aJTbTa (BxoAALuerO B COCTaB BI-ITaMIIHa B12), (4oJIHeBaR KHCJIOTa, BHTaMHH B12. Rp. Acidi folici 0,01 Sacchari albi 0,3 MDS Flo 1-2 nopouiKa B Aeub B TeveHHe 2 Heae.nb Rp. fleITTOKCiis 0.3 DS Flo 1-2 nopouixa B AeHb B TegeHiie 2 iienenb Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Rp. Vitamini Biz 0,000015 in -'mp. DS. Pas B AeHb B TeveHHe 2-3 AHei Rp. Ferrum reductum 2,0 DS. flo I nopoun y 2-3 pa3a B Aelib B TeveHHe 5 AHe{i Rp. Ferrum lacticum 2,0 DS. no I nopowKy 2-3 pa3a B AeHb B TeqeHHe 1-2 HeAejlb Rp. Hematogeni in f lac. s. in tabul. DS. Flo I CTOJIOBOl JiO}KKe 3 pa3a B AeHb HJIH no 2 Ta6JIeTKH 3 pa- 3a B AelIb B Te4eHHe 2 Hep,emIm Rp. Extr. hepatis fluidi 200.0 DS. [lo I cTOJIOBOIi Jo>+cKe 3 pa3a B AeHb B 7'e9eHHe 1-2 Hu iejir Rp. Campoloni (Hepaloni) 1,0 in amp. DS. Ho 2 MJI I pa3 B AeHb B Te- veHne 10 AHec Rp. Pylorini (Gastrocrini) 100,0 DS. flopowoK aim npHema aHyTpb no 5,0-15,0 nepea eao0 2--3 pa- 3a B AeHb B Te4eHHe 1-2 He- ACJIb B KOHue BTOpOcI H Ha4aJIe TpeTbe1 Heaejin 3a6oJIeBaIIHH, Korja MHHYIOT HaH6ojiee T5DKeJIble nPOHBJIeHUA CO CT0pOHbI MKeJIy,w4HO-KHIIIe4HOr0 TpaKTa H KPOBeTBOPHOt%I CHCTeMbI, Pa3BHBaeTCA reMopparu iecKaH (pa3a Jiy4enol3 6oJIe3HH, Be- JjyIL[HM CHMIITOMOM KOTOpOI3 HBJIAeTCH HapylueHHe KanHJIJISI- POB H pa3BHTHe MHO}KeCTBEHHbIX KpOBOH3JIH5]HHI3, pa3JIH4- HbIX no o6"beMy. DTH KPOBOH3JIHAHHH 3Ha4HTeJIbHO OCe1OMKH5I- lOT Te4eiine naTO.,1orH4eCKoro npouecca, a HHoraa npeJiCTaB- J11lOT Co6oN HenocpeACTBeHHYIO yrP03y R.1R MKI33HIi. B 3TOT nepuo i nepeJll.BaHHe KPOBH eCTb OAHO 113 MepO- npHHTHIi, npHHMeHl11O111HXC3] aJI51 JIHKBHJjaUHH reMopparH4e- CKHX npoHB.1eHHH 60JIe3HH. 3ro Bo3J1eHCTBIie noBblIIlaeT CBep- TbIBaeMOCTb KpOBH, yBeJIHIHBafl 4HCJIO n.1aCT11110K, KOJIH4e- CTBO (JH6puIIoreHa nJIa3Mbl. OHO MOMKeT TaloKe HrpaTb 3aMe- CTHTeJlbHyIO pOJIb npH npOHCXOAAILiHX KpoBOnoTepxx. KpoMe Toro, nOKa3aHb1 Bce CpeJZCTBa, HOpMaJIH3yloLuHe CTpyKTypy COCYJjHCTOH CTeHKH H CBePT61BaeMOCTb KPOBH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 ,TJIH npeAynpex ,1 eHHH pa3BHTHH MaCCHBHbIX KpOBOH3JIHH- HHII HaF16oJIee 3CJCpeKTFIBHbIM HBJIHeTCH npFIMCHeHHC C KOH- ua nepBOii HeJie.IH H B TeT-IeHHe 10-14 mHeli rpynnbl BHTa- MHHHbIX npenapaTOB - npOH3BOAHbIX CpJIaBOHOBOIi KHCJIOTbI, BJIHHIOLWIX Ha CTPyKTyPY H CpYHKUHIO COCyAHCTOIi cTeHKH, a TaK}Ke Ha CBepTblBaeMOCTh KpOBH. TaKHMH npenapaTaMH HBJIHIOTCH pyTHH, UHTPHH (BHTa:VIHH P), 6JIn3KHK K HHiM TO- KOCpepOJI (BHTaMHH E). LeJIecoo6pa3H0 Ha3HaileHne BHTa- MHHa K, BHKaCOJIa H XJIOPHCTOFO KaJIbwTH. npHMeHeHHe CaJIHuHJIaTOB (acflHpHH H T. )J.) B 3TOT nepHo,i( npOTHBOnO- Ka3aHO B CBH3H C FIX CBOIICTBOM nOHH}KaTb CBepTblBaeMOCTb KpOBH. Rp. Citrini 0,025 S -cch-ri elbi 0,3 DS. Flo 1 nopomry 3-4 pa3a B Aenb, HagnHa5I co 2-ti HCjJCJln Rp. Vicasoli 0,015 in tabul. DS. 3 pa3a B Aenh B TeIei ne 1-2 HeAenb Rp. Sol. Calcii chlorati 10% 10,0 DS. no 5-10 MJI BHyTpHilleH,1o OAHOKpaTHO npH KpOBOTegeun51R Rp. Rutifii 0,02 Sacchari albi 0,3 M. f. pule. DS. Flo I HO OHIKy 3 pasa B Rein B TegeHne 1-2 HeAenb OcTpoe KpoBOretIeHHe Tpe6yer cpo11rior0 BMeLuaTeJIbcTBa. Heo6Xo,nHMo npHHHTb MepbI K OCTaHOBKe KpOBOTegeHHH: nO- KOii, XOJFOJI Ha o6JIaCTb KpOBOTetIeHHH, .1 aB5lniaH nOB513Ka, +CryT, BI-IyTPHBeHHOe BBeJZeHHe XJIOpHCTOrO KaJIbUHH, BHTa- MHHa K. UHOrJja npOBOJjHTCH XnpyprHgecKoe BMeuiaTeJIbCTBO II nepeBsi a COCYJ(OB, a TaK}Ke 6opb6a C aHeMHtlecKH.M CO- CTOHHHCM Fi npeJ(OTBpauUeHne pa3BHTHH LIOKa, nepeJiHBaHHe KpOBH, rIJIa3MbI, CpH3HOJIOrHLIeCKOr0 pacTBOpa. ,aJIH Toro 4TO6bI H36e}KaTb HHC1JeKL,HH, npHMeHHIOT aHTH- 6HOTHKH. RefCTBHe CyJIbl-aHHJIaMHAOB 3HagHTeJIbHO MCHee akkcpeKTHBHO. KpoMe Toro, FIX npHMeHeHHe He}KeJIaTeJIbHO H3-3a 6'OJIbIIlOl3 TOKCHIIHOCTH H cneur1I4Jw ecKoro yrHeTaloLUe- rO B03JI.eIICTBII9 Ha KPOBeTBOPHyIO CHCTeMy. 7KeJIaTeJibHo npHMeHeHHe aJIHTeJlbflO JZeiICTBYIOLuHX (,alo- paHTHbIX) C]OpM aHTH6HOTIIIKOB ,flJIH COKPaH[CHHH micJla HH'b- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 eKI1IIH, KOTOpble, BbI3bIBaSI AOnOJIHHTeJIbHoe pa3Apa}KeHHe, MOryT npOBOLLHpOBaTb KpOBOH3JIHHHHe H T. n. B HaCTOSIHZee BpeMSI npeAJ1'O}KeHbI giopaHTHble (4OpMbI ne'HHUHJIJIHHa Ha MaCJISIHO-BOCKOBOH, JIaHOJIHHOBOH OCHOBe HJIH B KOM6HHa- UHH C HIOBOKaHHOM H 3KMOJIHHOM. OAHHM H3 HaH6o.nee pac- npoCTpa'He-HHbIX AIOpa1HTHbIX n'penapaTOB neHHL[HJIJIH'Ha H.B- JIHeTCSI HOBOIZHJIJIHH. Rp. Penicillini 200000 ED in amp. DS. Ilpo(4nnaKTHwIecKH 1 pas B CyT- KH BHyTpHMblme'IHO, HaMmman c 6-8-ro AHB 6o.Ie3HH B TeveHHe 7-10 AHeH Rp. Penicillini 200000 ED Sol. Pyramidoni 1% 2,0 AIDS. BHyTpHMb1HIe9HO I pa3 B APHb Aim np04)HJIaKTHKH HH(pPK- IIHH, Ha 1HHa1 Co 2-rl HeAeJIH 6o- JIe3HH, B Te4eHHe 7-10 AHeH Rp. Novocilini 1,0 (300 000 ED) DS. Ho I MJI BHyTpHMbI1IIe4HO I pa3 B CYTKH Rp. Ecmonovocilini 3,0 (3000000 ED) DS. Flo I MJI I pa3 B CYTKH Rp. Streptomycini 500 000 DS. Ilo 250 000 eAHHHU B AeCTHJ1- JlHposaHHOH BO L 3-4 MJI BHy- Tp1Mb1IIIe9HO, He 6OJIee 2 He,em Rp. Biomycini 0,1 (150000 ED) in tabul. DS. Ho 1 Ta6.neTKe 6 pa3 B CyTKII npH pa3BHTHH H14)eKuHH B Teue- HHe 3-5 AHeH Rp. Syntomycini 0,5 in obl. DS. Ilo 1 o6JlaTKe uepe3 4 Baca B TeveHHe 2-3 AHei Rp. Levomycetini 0,5 in ceps. DS. Ho 1 KancyJle 4 pa3a B AeHb B TeueHHe 2-3 AHeH 11OCTeneHHO, C BOCCTaHOBJIeHHeM (pyHKLIHH nHll eBapeHHH, CJIeAyeT yBeJILITIHBaTb KOJm'-ieCTBO gaBaeMoR 60JIbHOMy UH- LL[H. CJIeAyeT OCO6O nOJI, epKHyTb Heo6XO.I[HMOCTb BbICOKO- KaJIopHFIHOR 6eJIKOBOH rIHLHH Ha 6OJiee r103,RHHX 3Tanax Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 JIy4eBOi3 6OJIe3HH B CB 13H C nOTpe6HOCTbIO B 6eJIKe H HyK- JIeHHOBbIX KHCJIOTaX fPH BOCCTaHOBJIeHHH HOPMaJIbHOrO KpO- BeTBO'PeH-HA, CTP'y'KTYP KO>KH H j[pyFH'X Hap'yUle'H,HbIX TKaHe- BbIX npoueccoB. r103J1HHe HapyLLleHHx MOTOpHKH (Ha 3-4-9 Heile.ie 6o- JIe3HH) MOryT n'pHBOAHTb K CnaCTH'ge'CKHM COCTO'FHUIH:M, Hme- H11RM HHBarHHaUHII KHLueLIHH'Ka H HenpOXOAHMOCTH. B 3TOM cJiy4ae MOrYT 6bITb Ha3Hd4eHbI HH-beKUHH aTpOnnna, OKO.wIO- noLlegHax HOBOKaHHOBaa 6.iOKajja no BHLHHeBCKOMy. B yrpo- >KaloujHx c.iyLia ix HeO6xoIIHMO xnpyprn4ecKoe BMenIaTeJIb- CTBO (pe3eKunH HeKPOTH4eCKHX y4aCTKOB KHLIIe4HHKa). OJIHHM H3 OCJIO>KHeHHil JIygeBOii 6oJIe3HH HBJIHeTCH B03- HHKHOBeHHe H3B B >KeJIyaKe H gBeHa)juaTHnePCTHOA KHLHKe. Pa3BHTHe 9THX OCJIO>KHeHHIi Tpe6yeT cneuHaJIbHOH aH3TOTe- panHil, Ha3Ha4eHHH MarHe3Hn, aTPOnHHa; HHoraa Heo6XOAH- Mo XHpyprH4eCKOe BMeUJaTeJlbCTBO. Ha fO3J HHX 3TanaX 3a60JIeBaHHll npHCOe1LHHHIOTCH naTO- .IIorH4ecKHe npoueccbl Co CTOpOHbI KO>KH (aTpoCmH, Bbl'naae- HHe BOJIOC, o6JibiceHHe) 11 HapyHeHHH 4)yHKUHH nOJIOBbIX >Ke.Ie3. LITO KacaeTCn BOCnaJiHTeJIbHbIX npoueccoB B KO>Ke (9pHTeMa, JiyLieBOR O>KOF H T. n.), TO OHH 06b141-1O JIerKO nojjjlaloTCA npOTHBOO>KOCOBOI3 TepanHH. B ueJIHX BOCCTaHOBJIeHHH TpO(JJHKH KO)KH npHMeHBIOTCH >KHPOBbie Ma3H C BKJIK)42HHeM BHTaMHHOB H 3KCTpaKTa a.Io3, CTHMyJIHPYIOLUHX POCT 3nHTeJIHH KO>K1i. BO'CCTaHOBJIeHHe (JYHKUHH HOJIOBbIX >KeJie3 yCKOp5ieTC51 nPHMeHeHHeM CneuH(Pii4eCKHX rOpMOHaJIbHbIX npenapaTOB roila,aOTpOnHOrO ropMl)Ha rHHO()JH3a (npo.naH), CHH3CTpo.Ila, JIH3THJICTHJIb63CTpoJIa, TeCTOCTepOHa, nponHOHaTa H McTHJI- TeCTOcTepOHa. fOKa3aH0 TaK>Ke npHMeHeHHe BHTaMHHa E. Ha3HagaTb IOJIOBble rOPMOHbI CJIeayeT Ha 3-4-H HeueJie 3a6oJieBaHuH, T. e. nocJle TOGO, KaK 3aTHXHyT OCHOBHble npOHBJIeHHSI ero. B npOTHBHOM cjiy4ae Bnejlexne 1OJIOBbIX ropMOHOB MO>KeT He6JlaronpH5ITHO OTpa3HTbCH Ha o6LueM COCTOHHIIH 60JIbHoro. CJleuyeT H36eraTb nepejl03HPOBKH ropMOHaJlbHbIX npena- paTOB, TaK KaK 60JIbU1He II03bl FIX yrJly6JlxloT 3aTOpMO>KeH- Hoe COCTOHHPIe IOJIOBOI3 q)YHKIjHH H 3aJ ep>KHBaIOT CPOKH ee BoCCTaHOBJIeHHA. H3 o6ujeyKpenJI IroLUHX Cpe2 CTB, BJIHSIIOLIIHX Ha UeHT- paJibHyIO HePBHYIO CHCTeMy, npH JIyLieBOI.1 6oiie3HH Han6oJlee nOKa3aH BHTaMHH Bi (THaMHH). BOJIbuHoe 3Ha4eHHe npH- AaeTCIl (cH3HL1eCKOMy H HCHXH4eCKOMy nOKOIO. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 'fOnbITKrI BMeIuaTeJIbCTBa B rOpMOHaJlbHble 3BeHb5I Hapy- IIIeHHOI3 HeNpO-3HAOKpHHHOH peryJi iuHH JIO cm n0p He aaJiH 3H24NTeJIbHbIX pe3yJlbTaTOB. B KJIHHHKe HauIJIO npH'MeHeHHe JIHIIIb nOBTOpHoe BBeaeHHe OAHOro H3 ropMOHOB KOpKOBoro CJIOII HaAHO4e4HHKOB - ae30KCIHKOpTHKOCTepona - B Te4eHHe nePBbIX IBYX Heae.nb 6oJIe3HH. flO AaHHbIM 6oJIbmHHCTBa uccJIe.OBaTeJIeH, ae30KCHKOP- THKOCTepoH-aueTaT Cnoco6eH HeCKOJIb,KO o6JIer4aTb CoCTOH- Iiite 60.IbHoro H YCKOPHTb BOCCTaHOBJIeHHe HapylueHHbIX CIICTeM. fonbITK'H n'pH'MeHeH'IiH ApyPHx rOp'MIOHO'B (a. 'p'eHoKopTH- KO'Tp0!nHb11 ropM-OH, 3KCTpa'KTbI rHn0(~H'3a H Ap.) 'npH JIy4e- BOI3 6OJIe3HIi OCTaJIIICb 6e3yCne'IIIHbIMH. YXOA 3A BOJIbHbIMH JIYgEBOH I3OJIE3HbIO IIpH aTOMHOM B3PbIBe Bo3AeI3CTBHe HOHH3HpyK)IIIHX H3JIV4eHiHn (7-.I1y4eI{ H HefirpOHOB) C04eTaeTCA c nOpa}Kaio- IlIHM B03Ae1.1CTBNeM B3pbIBHOFI BOJIHbI H TepMligeCKOrO Ten- JIOBOrO H3JIy4eHHH. B03AeFICTBHe B3pbIBHOFi BOJIHbI O6ycJ1OBJIHBaeT pa3BHTHe 06b14HbIX TpaBMaTH4eCKIiX nOpalKe'HHFI, KOHTy34, paH, KpO- BOTe4eHHFt, IHOKOBbIX COCTOHHHFI. B03AeI%ICTBHe TepMH4eCKoro H3JIV4eHII51 BbI3bIBaeT O}KOFH OTKpbITbIX y4aCTKOB KO}KH H FTOpH4Hble 0}KOrH B pe3yJlbTaTe BOCnJIaMeHeHHA oaewabl, OKpy}KalOI(IHX npeAMeTOB H T. n. MaCCHBHble O}KorH TaK}Ke BJIeKVT 3a CO6oH pa3BHTHe IIIOKOBOFO COCTOHHHH. npu KoM611HHPOBaHHbIX nopa}KeHHHX - TepMH4ecKnx, McXaHligeCKHX H JIy1eBbIX - Ha nePBbIX 9TanaX HBJIeHHH JIy- 4eBON 6OJIe3HH pa3BHBaIOTC I eiia6o H B KaPTHHe 3a6oJIeBa- HHSI npeo6Jla ia1OT COnyTCTBYK)IUHe TpaBMaTH4ecKHe HJIH O}KOr0Bble npoueccbl, KOTOPb1e CBMH no ce6e MOryT npeA- CTaBJISiTb yrpo3y AJIA WIMI . B CB 51314 C 3THM Mep0npH51THH no OKa3aHH10 nepBOI nO:MOBIH paCC1HTaHbI Ha 6opb6y c 06bIgHbIMH TpaBMaTH4eCKHMH H O}KOFOBbIMH n0pa}KeHH1MH H FIX nOCJIeACTB1IHMIt. B nepByto o4epeAb Heo6xo IHMa npeABapliTeJlbHaH H OKOH4aTeJIbFIa 1 OCTaHOBKa KpOBOTe4eHH51, HMMO'6HJIH3aUHH noBpewKaioinnx nHnleBapHTeJIbHyIo CHCTeMy. McJHUHHCKHI1 nepCOHaJi aoJi)KeH BHHMaTeJIbHo CJIemHTb 3a nyJIbCOM, 1IbIXaHHeM, KPOBAHbIM 11aBJleHneM. B cJiyqae Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/04/28: CIA-RDP80T00246AO39100730001-7 VnaJI,Ka cepj(eTIHOII AeRTeJIbHOCTH HJIH IpyHKLUHH AbIXaTeJIb- HOro uelITpa HeO5XOAH:MO Cpo'lHOe BBeAeHHe cepj{eLIHblx cpeACTB (KoCpeHH, KaM(popa, KopjLHaMHH) H CTHMyJIRTOpOB abIXaHHH (UHTHTOH, JI06eJIHH), Ha3Ha'ieHHe KHCJIopoAa, co- rpeBaHHe 60JIbHOrO H T. n. B nepHOA pa3BHTH51 KpOBOH3JIHHHHI1 Heo6xoAHMO npeA- ynpexmaTb B03MO}KHble TOJITI'KH, yIHH6bI, pe3KHe ABH}KeHHH 60JIb~HOro. IIpH BO3HHKHOBeHHH KpOBOTeTIeHHII nPOH3BOAHTCH BBeAe- HHe 10?/0 pacTBopa XJIOpHCTOrO KaJIbuHR, nepeJlHBaHHe Ma- JIbIX KOJIH4eCTB KPOBH (50-70 MJI), Ha.IO}KeHHe JIbAa Ha o6JIaCTb KpOBOTemeHHR. HHorj(a nPHXOJ(HTCI npH6eraTb K XHpyprmgeCKOMY BMeUIaTeJIbCTBy - nepeB513Ke COCyj[OB H T. n. Ha 2-3-9 HeAeJle 60JIe3HH MO}KeT Ha6JIIO, aTbCR pa3BH- THe R3BeHHbIX HPOU CCOB B KHHIegIHHKe, a TaK}Ke n03JIIIHX HapyIHeHHI3 B MOTopHKe, KOTOpble HHOrjia npHBOART K He- nPOXO,gHMOCTH (HHBarHHauHH) H nePHTOHHTY. fIpH nOHBJIeHHH pe3KHX 6onei B }KHBOTe, fOJ1 belle TeM- nepaTypbI, B03HHKHOBeHHH HOBTOPHOR PBOTbI H HOHOCOB cJlej(yeT ceHT-Iac x;e 06paTHTbCH K Bpa'ly. CBoeBpeMeHHoe XH- PyprHTlecKoe BMeHIaTeJIbCTBO MO}KeT cnaCTH }KH3Hb 6OJIbHOI'O. KO}KHble nopa}KeHHH LIacTo COHYTCTBYIOT JIygeBOIi 6o- JIe3HH. BOJIbHbIX C pa3BHBIIIHMHCH K03KHbIMH HOBpe}KAeHHRMH He cJieAyeT KynaTb; B 3THX cJlyqaxx npH6eraIOT K o,6THpa- I1HIO HJIH 06MbIBaHHIO (yTjjeJIbHbIX HerIOBpe}K.r eHHbIX yTla- CTKOB KO)KH. IIPH CYXOCTH KO}KH ee CMHI'gaIOT Pa3JIHTIHbIMH }KHpaMH; j(JIH 9TOII UCJIH CJIeAyeT HOJIb3OBaTbCH KpeMaMH H naCTaMH, BbInyCKaeMbIMH Hamei3 npoMbIHIJIeHHOCTbIO. Bo H36e}KaHHe pa3BHTHR npoJle}KHeI3 nOjj o6JIaCTb KpeCTua HOj[KJlaAblBaIOT pe3HHOBbII3 Kpyr. Heo6xoAHMO HMeTb B BHAy, TITO npH JIy4IeBbIX B03Aex- CTBHHX KO}KHble HOKPOBbI CTaHOBHTCR OT-Ie'Hb YyBCTBHTeJIbHbI- MH K TenJly H XOJIOj(y. YTIHTbIBaR 9T0 o6CTORTeJIbCTBO, c ie- ,gyeT cO6JIIOAaTb OCTOPO}KHOCTb B Ha3Ha1IeHHH TaKHM 60JIbHbIM rpeil'KH HJIH Hy3blp5l CO JlbjjO,M. Heo6xojtHMO TH1aTeJIbHO CJIeAHTb 3a T-IHCTOTOcI CJIH3H- CTbIX O6oJIOTIeK H OCO6eHHO BHHMaTeJIbHO - 3a HOJIOCTbIO pTa. B pa3rap JiyTIeBOI3 60JIe3HH B Ta}KeJIoi CTaAHH Ha CJIH- 3HCTOI3 IIOJIOCTH pTa HepeAKO pa3BHBaIOTCH BOCnaJIHTeJIbHble npOUeCCbI l; R3BbI, HaJIHTIHe KOTOpbIX Tpe6yeT K Ce6e cyry6o BHHMaTeJIbHoro oTHOHIeHHR. 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