MEMORANDUM FOR: (Sanitized), CHIEF, EE FROM ALLEN W. DULLES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80R01731R001800150002-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 30
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 19, 2002
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: May 11, 1953
• Content Type: MF

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NFIDEN1 1AL
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um In!
FOR,
Chief, ,
1953
Please see Vie /attached papers left with no. by

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also wish tn discuss them with someone at State. I
did not 4vo any encouragement that CIA
could get into this type of operation.
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1 cc - Da File
1 cc - ER micopy of Encls.
1 cc - Reading
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Security Information
/
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en
th
ton 7. D.
Dear Allen:
I enelose s memorandum which auuriiee the hihlihts of
ermen expellee problem in relation to the great *w pressure
fuves into lerlin, still flowing at the rate of 2,0(7,0 a day.
ugh few or the facts and euggestions will :->e new to you
/y, this smeltery (as well as the attached charts) may 're
to you in explaining the inportance of this prolem to
our government oolleazues who may not be fie-Altar with it.
T wen however. to add a personal and more oonfidential word
her*, and explain a specific, proposal I have to make.
Ao you tre aware, the problem of the lerAan expellees may
1 a crucial part In 'the eominz Jlerman elections and their
nee may well be the decisive factor in eleterinini?: whether
?many resists any blandishments the Soviet peace offensive :rimy
offer. Friends of mine Who are close to Chancellor Aenauer have
repeatedly stressed their anxiety over this issue and, as you know,
the Chaneellor himmelf asked for some help on this problem in his
dissuasions with our government. The qt.estion is weether the
united $tates can do somethings even if it is only in the nature
of a token gesture, to inerease hope among the expellees that
they will receive further help and recognition in the west, The
tin* for preperine eu40% a ;Asture in pressin6 if it is to affect
sloe tion attitudes.
have one such gesture to propose in c
described at the end of the enclosed memo
ell be used to handle any new grants and
of view.
The idea would e to at leas for
and preferally for a longer time, an Amer
kind or private or seni.officiel ambassador o
ious expellee groups. In olooest cooperati
ion with the Eepellee
dust, which could
ns from a technical
PPotn. the nex crucial
wto would eat
ae0a-will with
wftL er.Conent
he ehoull be able to go into the field and to work well with the
existing organisations. .1.e should have an amount or 1.4,c,0,091,0
equivalent in Tweirks au his disposal to be used a fowl perdu,* or
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at a nuMber of very obvious key points to help
up expellee groups in gainful enloyment, in small
and business concerns and to provide retraining
The beneficial results of this plan would be speedily
t.lt. The mere appointment of such an emissary would give
he expellees and refugees a sense of international recognition
for Which they have long pleaded, Moreover, the estern and
particularly the American interest would thus be shown in
actual performance,
The extremists among the expellees, of a uree lake radical
demands ror temporary assistance while basing All their future
hopes on eventual return to their homelands. Such radical
leaders try to prevent the expellees from becoming integrated
and satisfied members of the West German community. But most
of the eXpellees and many of their leaders are eager to accept
anything that Gives them hope - whether inereased job opportuniti
'within Germany or opportunities for work abroad,
One of the main sources of bitterness among thell., wflich
has been encouraged by the extremist leaders, is the feeling
that their problem has never been recognised by the eat as an
international prol4lem, in contrast to the non-German Displaced
Persons. Therefore, any move which shows a new American interest
such as the establiahment of the fund outlined above, will
etrengthen the hands of their moderate leaders out of all
proportion to the actual amount of money involved. Larger loans
or 701,3,4, aesistance should also be worked out but that will
take time, whereas this smaller project could be started
immediately* If you are interested in this idea, have a -;ood
men to suggest who might be willing to endertake the proposed
good-will mission at least for the present critical period.
Another reason why such special U. S. help to expellees may
be of special interest to you is the protest of German expellee
groups against some of the Caeoh and ?olish broadcasts and
broadcasters on Radio Free Europe in Munich. As you know, some
of the extreme leaders lave repeatedly brought preesure in Bonn
against any broadcasts from German soil which are critical of
the expel2ees. Doubtless there may have been some juslAfication
for certain of the criticisms, 'Alt the extremists will never be
satisfied by any moderate compromise, thet only way reduce
the volume and influence of these proz,ests Is to aken the
Influence of the extremist leaders by Allowing American interest
In finding new work opportunities for the expellees.
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It is clear also that the larger the nuMber of expellees
who can be permanently resettled and absorbed in west Germany,
or elsewhere, the less violent will be the German demand for
the restoration of every square mile of pre-war German territory
east of the Oder-Neiese line, hence the easier it will eventually
be to arrive at smne final frontier compromise which a free
Poland could be induced, however unhappily, to accept. In the
meantime everything which increases friction over the future
between Germans on the one hand and Poles and Czechs on the other
is of course grist for the Communist propaganda mill.
Hoping that you may find these suggestions of some usemad
with best regards,
Cordially yours,
P.S. President Eisenhower's proposal to admit 250,000
this year, with special emphasis on refugees includini;
would also be a most hopeful gesture, but I understand
slight prospect of this being passed in time to affect
German elections.
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Europeans
expellees,
there is
the
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. CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM
on the
PROBLEM 07 GERMAN RIOUGEAS AND EXPELLEES
jntroductlogi
One of the greatest problems facing the German Government
and the *flied Governments In Western Europe today is the greet influx
of refugees from lest Germany through Weet Berlin, which almoet amounts
to a mese migration. Over 100.000 refugees have come to West Berlin in
the last tbree months alone, and the flood continues at the rate of 2.000
day
What makes this new influx even more difficult to cope
with it the tremendous unsolved problem of the 10.000,000 refugees and
expellees already in Western Germany before this new flight from Soviet
terror 'began. It is almost unknown outside of Germany that over one-fifth,
or 22%, of the West German population are refugees who entered an area
where over half the housing bad been destroyed. Mince the memorandum is
concerned not merely with this newimergency but with the basic refugee
problem as * whole, which decievely affects the German economic andpoli-
tical future.
The burden of the refugees is the key factor in determining
the ount which Western Germany is able to pay either for the occupation
costs of the allied armies or for prospective German rearmament. It also
increases the dangers inherent in the rise of neo-Ntslem and Nationalism
in Germany It may well be the decisive factor in determining whether
Germany continues the great experiment of a United Europe, or succumbs to
the blandishments of the Soviet Peace offensive. For if between now and
the elections next September nothing is done to improve the refugees, sit-
uation, or at least to give hope of such improvement, the danger of defeat
for the Adeneuer Government and for the whole pro-Western policy he repro-
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be greatly increased.
Although the German refugees have benefited indIrectly from
various farms of generous U. S. aid to Germany, no international government
b. 11 has been given. hom the start this expenses were officially des-
Oribed as a purely German problem, arut they were specifically excluded from
any assistance from international organisations such as WM. IRO, and
Interaational Children's lend of the U. 14 It wave not until 1951 that the
111 Oomalgitioner for Rgragess. Dr. Goidharit. recognised that this problem
=corned not only Germany bat the whole free world; but that view ham set yet
been implemented. This feeling of neglect and discrimination has made many
of he refugees eusceptible to the reckle** proxies' of extremists.
The strenuous efforts of the German Moral and State Gov-
rnments. plus the spectacular reoovery of the German economy since currency
reform in 1948, have so far prevented or at least minimised the disastrous
social,economic and political consequences which appeprei inevitable. lot
althouh this encouraging fact has tended to obscure the refugee problem,
tt has not solved it. Despite phenomenal recent progress, the German icon-
omy lap behind that of other West 1Uropean countriee because it
hs4 more ground to make up. The measure of recovery already achieved
attU ins on a fragile basis but only tecaums the ten million refugees
represent a great relief load on German economy. bat because of the large
LOt ayments Germany has assumed under the London Agreement of 1952, as
vati as to Israel. It is also true that the German economy, like that of
the rest of lurope, has benefited indirectly from the 'orison war boom which
Lay now be over, and that German industry. lonli,ke that of other Western
countries, has been able to concentrate on winning export markets for
civilian goods without diverting production to armaments.
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bination of the new r.fue. influx through D.lin, plus
efforts of the German radical parties to exploit the discos.
e refugees. demands that mamething more fundamental should be done
t be begun at once if it is to affect the results of the approach-
ng German elections. 'Phial; may decide the fete of ltrope for the immediate
Lt 23'e,
natio
?be total of nearly ten and a half million raft*** now in West
be broken down into stoat 3.0006000 escapees from the Soviet pone
(increasing ACM at the rate of 40.000 a month); plus a bard core
000 former DP** who remained after the disrolution of the fug?e Organisation; plum approxinatel7 50.000 recent non74ermaa
rsftgees fronCommunism. who *Reaped from Czechoslovakia. Shagary. etc*
Dinally, the large* single group is that of the 8.124.000 expellees*
Thia group consist, mainly of GAM= sit tame who were compelled to leave their
homes in ...war German territory east of the Oder-Seisee line, plus ethnic
Germane who were expelled from other countries now behind the Iron Curtain, in 1945/46.
Three and a half million came from Osechodevakie alone, the so-called Sudeten
Germans.
109010 5or40944
possibilities for solving the probteg of her
xpel lees t
nomic integration
at ion
migration CAA only be of secondary importance as tar sa Germany
d since the immigrtton countries above and beyond other restrio-
so far generally fixed an upper age limit (35 years in most cases)*
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04w
in the 7cungsr age group of 23 to 40 years that Bea: bee
one-half million men through the war. As a revolt of Mt
hes today in the 35-year-old age Croup. for example no more
the age group of 66-year-olds. Comparet with the annual influx
tries beyond the Iron Curtain, emigration from Germany in terms
an insignificant part and will continue to to so in the
foresee&
0.
task thus remains the integration of the expellees
German economy. In this context the leder:a Reentlic as
e-fold problem:
Rebuilding of the dwellings and enterprises destroyed by:
vex.
Closing of the gape ca ed in the economic structure of
the lateral R bile by the parti ion of Germany into
leatern shad Western helves,
Provision of dwellings and jobs for 10 mil on expellees
and refugees over and RIO,* the 1939 level.
8tnce currency reform in 1946, the integration of the expel osa
and refnge.e within the Moral Republic has been pursued with great energy.
Dy 195 ? 1,200,000 new dwel:ings bad boon built and two million additional
jobs provtd.cd. More than 6.000 artisan and industrial enterprises were newly
estelaished. More than 40,000 farms were distributed to expellee farmers.
In the years after 19466 the German people hmve spent, so far, 25 billion
Marks (six billion dollars) for the maintenance and integration of the
expellees and refugees. As against this, 3.3 billion of Marshall Plan sit
was r.ceived in the years 1948 to 1952.
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In spite of these tremendous efforts it has so far been possible to
integrate only 35% of the expellee*. Another 4$% could only find employment
below the social standard of their former work. Public assistance authorities
must look after the remaining 20%.
A,German-U. S. Commission of experts which met under the chair-
nanShip
of Han* Christian Sonny, in 1950, assessed the costs of the integre,-
t 12.3 billion 1:04, or three billion dollars. The loan Government passed
the Immediate Aid Law to bridge over the interim period pending a final law
on the equalisation of burden*. In August. 1952. an Equalisation of Hardens
Lew was passed which provides for the mortgage of up to 50% of the value of any
kind, of property, and for the retirement of the mortgagee by 37 annual interest-
bearing installments. These annual payments are collected in a fund outside
the normal budget of the rederal Republic, for the purpose of paying compensa-
tion to expellees and to other persons who suffered material los* as a result
of the war.
Ntwithstandin,g these great efforts undertaken on the German side.
Owe are still hundrede of thousand* of expellee families whom it has not been
possible to assist through the measures already taken. The West German Govern-
Rent, however, has made clear its determination to continue the integration of
expo and refugees by every Tellable means.
Since the expellees in Vast Germany entered an area suffering: from
critical housing shortage and came with few, if any, possessions except the
clothes y wore and Whet they could carry, assimilation into the economic
stream of West German life has been extremely difficult. When the flight of
roe the last began, naturally most of them wore set tied in the more
tape
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remote agricultural parts of Western Germany, including Savaria and Schleevig-
Solstein where the fewest houses had been destroyed simply becaus there
Weedless to say, however, the places
were fever worthwhile bombing targets,
where most housing was available were the very places where fewest jobs sere
available.
*cord
fug..
persons
So there in a great need, not simply for increased housing, but for
industrial areas. The normal population increaee requires the building
new dwelling units a. year. The persistent housing shortage, despite
lding during the rest two pare, still limits the effectiveness of
*distribution programs, which called for the transfer of 300,000
year in the fiscal years 1949/50 and 1960/51. Although the move-
fugees from rural areas to areas offering employment oprertunitiee is
oonsidered 4 vital link in plans to utilise the available manpower only
320,696 had moved from 1949 to 1961.
Some emcees* has been achieved in resettling on farms many of the
refugees formerly engaged in agriculture, althamgh the relative scarcity of farm
lends in the Western Zones makes this undertaking t difficult one. The quo
iton of farm resettlement is especially important,. because to feed over 22amore ,
people there is only 40% of the total food-raising area which was Germany's
before the var. The other 60% of the farm land. it now. under Soviet-Polish control
produOing food for the Soviets. It is as if the total population of Denmark and
Switserland, completely destitute-, bad to be absorbed into Western Germany.
While Germany in 1939 had. to meet 20% of her food requirements by import*, the
import requirement has now risen to more than 40% as a result of the influx of
rengees and the loss Of ?astern Germany.
sent of r
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??74*
ta *11 es where no assistance can be given
Df the es initiated Tor the German authorities, It is
ds are not avrilNitle or because certain other prereqnttites do
ot t, such as collateral security to cover the credit applied for. In
this onnection there Is, however, the possthtiit7 of rendering, by mean* of
amounts which in the individual cases are comparatively small, a really deal-.
sive *U nce in building up new livelihood, in preserving a threatened
exieteno in facilitating study, or in the training of young people, etc.
Capital investment, particularly for small concerns employing
specialised skills, i* a requirement which is beginning to receive Score's's&
attention. In the Spring of 1950 the Pavel Ministry for 9xeellees created.
the Upellee Dank, based on an Initial grant of DM 20,000.000 from SRP funds,
and further financed by inducing local banks to take 10% of the risk involved
in non *enured loans. while the Land (state) banks took 50% and the Mere'
Government 30%. DT, Middelmann, assistant to the Minister for ftpelleee.
toted, 'It is to the interest of the Govan 'Federal Government to utilise
the capitol of skill, to reduce the welftre payments. and to enable the,* who
f reerlycollooted welfare payment* to earn enough to to able to pay tax**
for the help of new refugees.'
My January, 1952. this Doak, in conjunctionwith other credit
had financed 1,473 investment loans, amounts to DM 50,348 000
uxante.d 1,174 operating loans, amount to DM 48,422,000.
lp from abroad granted for such objects can be used to beet ad.
various ways and. by T*Tionn moans. Insofar as the grant of lease
nab or agricultural onterprieee is considered, the ft:pollee Bank
ts to be the beet medium for such loans, and for residential building.
ante-In-aid. The German lateral Government would welcome a trustee
lenders to participate in the allocation of funds from foreign lands.
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use
and h
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SOME FACTS
ABOUT EXPELLEES
IN GERMANY
1 9 5 2
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SOME FACTS
ABOUT EXPELLEES
IN GERMANY
1 9 5 2
PUBLISHED BY FEDERAL MINISTRY FOR EXPELLEES, BONN
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vailable
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? ? ? - II II ?
? ? ? ? II
44004-8004-50002--9
DISPLACEMENT OF THE GERMAN POPULATION SINCE 1945
WiHIN
1 i ,i 1131
riffif
, ii II LI I ,
Iffiff
friffili
rifilif
iffiffif
WW,WW",
Ifirif
FROM FAST OUNTRIES?1
1,000.000 INDIGENOUS
1,000,000 EXPELLEES
FRONTIER I
FRONTIER . F
FRONTIER (
EXPELLEES
19 51
?
:including surplus
in birth's since 1945)
4
12. 1937
O. 1939
(i. e. Germans expelled from the territory east of the Oder Neisse Line, as well a fr Czechoslovakia,
Poland, Hungary, Roumania, Jugoslavia, and other countries)
Number of expellees living in the Federal Republic of Germany
in Berlin
in the Soviet Zone
.000,000
150,0(10
.000,000
:150,000
19 3 9 : Number of inhabitants of:
Germany east of the Oder/Neisse Line :600,000
Sudetenland ,500,000
100,000
Of these, in 19 50 there were living
in the Federal Republic of Germany 6,100,000
in Berlin 100,000
in the Soviet Zone 3,200,000 ,400,000
persons remaining in their native land
persons missing
1 There are no final figures as yet available in respect of the extent of ethnic Germans from other countries; the total 0 rt-0
therefore, considerably higher than has been computed above.
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700,000
.400,000
.300,000
missing pee.ons is,
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SOME 9.6 MILLION PEOPLE,
FORCED TO LEAVE THEIR
HOMES, FOUND REFUGE
IN WESTERN GERMANY.
1 : CIA-RDP80R01731R0918Opili59900&9 8 million German
expellees, there (1-? some 1.6 million
refugees ei the F Jeral Republic of
Germany:
Displaced Persons '313s) (formerly car-
ed for by IRO):
Displaced Person, Ire non-Germans,
mainly from Easle European States,
who had been bro iht to Gem-any as
labourers during t-.}. Hitler regime or
had preferred to q- to Germany after
1945, in order to ./ctil themselves of
IRO protection. The, were unable or un-
willing to return to ftleir former homes.
There are, at mese, some 140,000 DPs
left in the Federal :public, who have
not, so far, found An opportunity to
emigrate.
Other non-German refugees (not with-
in the mandate of IRO)
They came into t1i Federal Republic
from behind the li i Curtain, for poli-
tical reasons. In ii) middle of 1951,
there were some ,L 000 political refu-
gees in the Feder,: Republic.
Refugees from Ihr Soviet Zone of
Germany (not withm the mandate of
IRO)
These refugees ar 3ermans who had
to leave the Soy:: Occupied Zone,
frequently for polit, -al reasons Some
14,000 of them ar? ossing the eastern
border line each ni nth to seek refuge
in the Federal Rep
8,000,000
Germo expellees
140,000
Displo..?d Persons
50,000
Politic Refugees
1,600,000
Refuges s from ihe
Soviet :one and Berlin
11.//
, 77
;yr /
/ /ft /
fig
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More and more political refugees are seeking protection and asylum in West( r-F rmany. They
leave their homes for fear of being persecuted by the governments of their C Dt r es.
At present, the German Federal Republic harbours some
50,000 NON-GERMANS
who have left their homes since the end of the war for political reasons_ -
nalor part of
i!iese refugees came from the Baltic States, from Poland, Czechoslovakia, a 1, the Ukraine
whilst the rest came from Hungary, Roumania, and the Soviet Union.
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Population of
DENMARK
and
SWITZERLAND:
9.0 million
Expellees and refugees from
the Soviet Zone and Berlin
in the Federal Republic
of Germany:
9.6 million
Populat e of
AUSTRALIA:
8.0 million
The situation is about the same as if more than .he total
population of Denmark and Switzerland, completely destitute,
had to be absorbed into Western Germany
r as if
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... considerably more people than
the total population of Australia
were compelled to find accomo-
dation, work, and a living in the
Federal Republic of Germany.
TABLE 5
.inr.3[:3C7,1CM:][711'
= 1,000,000 Indigenous
I 1,000,000 Expellees, DPs and
Political Refugees.
MORE CONSUMERS ? LESS FOOD
1939: The German territory east of the Oder/Neisse Line produced ? under normal
conditions ? food for 15,400,000 people
which fed its own population of 9,600,000
and yielded a surplus for 5,800,000 people
1950: The German Federal Republic lacks this surplus food
for 5,800,000 people
while its consumers, including Western Berlin, have increased
by 9,900,000 people.
The non-availibility of this food surplus, plus the tremendous increase in population,
require a corresponding increase of food imports into the Federal Republic.
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k. EXPELLEES
IN THE PO F ATION OF
EACH STAFF As of .3a u in I 951
The expellees are very unevenly distri-
buted over the territory of the Federal
Republic.
They make up 16.7 percent of the total
population.
However heir proportion in respect to
the total population varies considerably
from one federal State to another.
SCHLESWIG-
HOLSTEIN
Ilk 31.8 H
HAMBURG
BREMEN
LOWER SAXONY
NORTH-
RHINE-
?A WESTPHALIA
HESSE
SCHLESWIG-HC _ IN 31.8? I,
LOWER SAXON ' 27.0? 11
BAVARIA 2' .0 ", II
WUERTTEMI3ERc 1- DEN 17.1 ",II
HESSE 17.0"
WUERTTEMI3ER,
HOHENZOLLE RI 10.80
NORTRHINE-
WESTPHALIA 10.8" 1,
BREMEN 7.4"II
BADEN 8.8"
HAMBURG 7.9"
RHINELAND-PA / NATE 6.5" I,
GERMAN FEDERAL REPUBLIC
R HINELA ND-PALATINA1
WU ERTTEMBERG-BADEN
BAVARIA
BADEN
13.8
WU E R TT EMBE RO
HOHEN ZOLLER N
A10.8
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Approvedi EFprsR7?lriar fici)0?/0a2g acwriNt7f311RN?0'\14 R.5.o0
It KN 93 E RMA NY
TOTAL POPULATION OF THE FEDERAL RE
PUBLIC:
11111/
RIR,
Of each 100 inhabitants, 16.7 are expellees.
PROPORTION OF EXPELLEES TO TOTAL UNEMPLOYED:
Of each 100 unemployed, 32.3 are expellees.
111
OF EXPELLEES TO TOTAL PERMANENTLY UNEMPLOYED:
*I
Of each 100 persons who have been unemployed 18 months or longer, 51.5 ar
UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS:
Total Paid Out:
`;11,1re Paid
4c, I-xpellees:
1949 649.8 million DM 37_3.8 million DM
1950 942.5 million DM 450.0 million DM
expellees.
1 592.3 million DM 825.8 million DM
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EXPELLEES AND THE LABOUR MARKET IN WESTERN GERMANY
-t2.1111111111111111111k.
r
Of each 100 gainfully occupied expellees, 35
were independent or unpaid family workers.
TODAY:
Of each 100 gainfully occupied expellees, 7 are independent or unpaid family workers.
iMrtniiiMMEMINIEW
11
;
Of each 100 gainfully occupied expellees, 65 were wage-earners (civil servants, employees, workmen).
TO DAY:
Of each 100 gainfully occupied expellees, 93 are wage-earners (civil servants, employees, workmen).
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TABLE 8
Approved For Release 2002/08/21 : CIA-RDP80R01sfl3IFIMS8CR&Ock4AXAT ION
An analysis of the category of gainfully occupied expellees according to their
economic and social position reveals a sharply pronounced social decline in
comparison with the corresponding categories of the indigenous population:
Annual income fax paid
by the average independent indigenous person:
Annual income tax paid by the
average independent expellee: DM 220.00
DM 743.00
Annual wages tax paid
by the average wage-earning indigenous person:
Annual wages tax paid by the
average wage-earning expellee: DM 39.00
DM 180.00
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Approved For Release 2002/08/21 : CIA-RDP80R01731R001800150002-9
PROCEEDS FROM WORK PT FORMED
The percentage of expellees among those employed in these various occup 'Pions
is lower in proportion as weekly wages paid are higher.
GROSS WEEKLY WAGES
EARNED IN:
PERCENTAGE OF EMPLC EES
WHO ARE EXPELLEES:
PRINTING TRADE
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY DM 60.70
LEATHER INDUSTRIES DM 59.40
BUILDING TRADES DM 53.20
TEXTILE
INDUSTRY
10
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Approved For Release 2002/08/21 : CIA-RDP80R01731R001800150002-9
TABLE 9
1?1?1?1?1?1?1?01?11.1?10.1
AGE GROUPS IN THE USA:
MALE AGE FEMALE
over 85
80-85
75-80
70-75
65-70
60-65
55-60
50-55
45-50
40-4S
35-40
30-35
25-30
20-25
15-20
10-15
5-10
0-5
50 40 30 20 10 0 0/00
PER THOUSAND OF TOTAL POPULATION
0
10
20
AGE GROUPS IN WESTERN GERMANY:
MALE AGE FEMALE
SO 40 30 20 10 0
over 85
80-85
75 ? 80
70-75
65-70
60-65
SS ? 60
SO?SS
45-50
40-45
35-40
30-35
25-30
20-25
15-20
10-15
5-10
0-5
0100
30
40
50
1950
0 10 20
PER THOUSAND OF TOTAL POPULATION
30
40
50
1950
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- - -
AGE GROUPS IN THE USA AND WESTERN GERMANY 1950
TABLE 9a
AGE
GROUPS
0
5
PER THOUSAND
OF TOTAL POPULATION
USA
MALE
WESTERN
GERMANY
48.0
40.7
PER THOUSAND
OF TOTAL POPULATION
FEMALE
USA
WESTERN
GERMANY
46.1
20 25
25-30
30 - 35
35-40
43.1
39.9
36.5
38.5
40-45
31.7
35.9
33.4
21.0
34.2
43.9
37.9
39.9
42.1
43.9
35.1
38.1
37.6
34.0
42.9
28.7
43.5
80-85
85 -
2.8
1.3
499.0
2.8
0.9
472.7
6.8
3.3
1.8
501.0
44.3
39.6
34.6
28.9
24.0
18.5
14.1
8.2
3.6
1.5
5273
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THE HOUSING PROBLEM
allthilflpft,Ji !: f
uttaluattaw
Oat
1.1
1939: Housing space available in Western Germany 10,628,000 dwellinc:
Despite this tremendous loss in housing space, the population of the Federal Republic oi (7? 'any increased
from 39.5 million to 47.9 million, i. e. by 21.7 percent. Thus, requirements expanded to 121 -rcent must be
'satisfied" by only 80 percent of the housing space formerly available.
Consequently, average occupancy per dwelling has increased
p r -
Before the war, every room fit to live in was occupied by 1.2 persons on the average, where is )day 2 persons
on the average must share each room (in numerous cases as many as 3 persons).
Sociologists consider an average occupancy of two persons per room as overcrowding, and th as a condition
of cultural and social emergency.
Approved For Release 2002/08/21 : CIA-RDP80R01731R001800150002-9
3ABLE:11
Approved For Release 2002/08/29A-RDP8OR01731R00180 1 002-9
5.2
BILLION UNIMMINI1111111111ft.
BILLION
DM}
L111111.111
1949,
1950
Whereas occupation costs for
and amount to 16,1 i bon DM,
1951
direct expenditure on expellees for the same period amounts to only
5.2 billion DM.
Direct expenditure on expellees comprises:
a) Individual welfare assistance
b) Communal welfare assistance
c) Maintenance grants to expelled former professional Wehrmacht members
d) Pensions for expelled war invalids
e) Unemployment benefits
f) Pensions for widows and orphans of expellees.
g) Dwelling and transit camps, resettlement, emigration,
and productive refugee welfare.
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Approved For Release 2002/08/21 : CIA-RDP80R01731R001800150002-9
GRAPHIC LAY-OUT AND PICTURES: ADOLF WESTERDORF, BAD GODESBERO
PRINTED BY GEBRODER MULLER KG., KASSEL
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