REQUEST TO ADDRESS THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, 1030, 16 SEPTEMBER 1958
Document Type:
Collection:
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP80B01676R003200170022-7
Release Decision:
RIPPUB
Original Classification:
K
Document Page Count:
44
Document Creation Date:
December 14, 2016
Document Release Date:
June 12, 2003
Sequence Number:
22
Case Number:
Publication Date:
April 10, 1958
Content Type:
MF
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Body:
Approved For Release 2003/06/17: CIA-RE P80B01676R003gOO O22 7--
10 April 1958
LOW B. KIP"ATRICK
Inspector General
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MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence 5 d,D
SUBJECT . Request to Address the American Society for 4 Ad
Industrial Security, 1030, 16 September 1958
1. On 9 April Milton D. Ladd, former Assistant Director of the
FBI and currently the Executive Director of the American Society for
Industrial Security, came in to ask if you would accept an invitation
to deliver the keynote address opening the annual convention of the
Society. The convention this year will deal with the theme "The Scientist,
Engineer and Security." They expect to have about 500 delegates to the
convention, which will be held at The Shoreham, and are anxious to have
you as their principal speaker. Mr. Ladd left me the attached brochure
and quarterly publication.
2. I have checked with Security who advised me that this organiza-
tion consists of the principal security officers of all of the major
corporations in the United States and that several of our former employees
was the principal speaker 25
at last year's convention. It is possible that this might be a good
media to talk to individuals with whom both our Security Office and Con-
tact Division deal.
3. If you are willing to make the address, I will so advise Ladd
and a formal invitation will be sent to you by the.President of the
organization.
25
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REGIONAL VICE PRESIDENTS FOR 1957-58
ERNEST E. FELAGO (Acting) ...................... NORTH EAST REGION
General Precision Equipment Co. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont,
New York, New York New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut,
New Jersey, Rhode Island
TED D. TRACKLER .........................................EAST CENTRAL REGION
Aluminum Co. of America Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Maryland, District of Columbia, Delaware
MAJ. CHESTER R. ALLEN ..............................SOUTH EAST REGION
United States Army Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Fort Gordon, Georgia Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida
JOHN M. FISHER .........................................GREAT LAKES REGION
Sears, Roebuck & Company Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio
Chicago, Illinois
K. C. FLORY ................................................NORTH CENTRAL REGION
Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Co. Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, Iowa
Milwaukee, Wisconsin South Dakota, Nebraska, Montana,
Wyoming
EDWIN A. SCHURMAN ................................SOUTH CENTRAL REGION
Bell Helicopter Corp. Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Missouri,
Fort Worth, Texas New Mexico, Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas
RICHARD J. HEALY ......................................WESTERN REGION
The Ramo-Wooldridge Corp. Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Nevada,
Los Angeles, California Arizona, California
HONORARY MEMBERS
1955 Award THE HONORABLE J. EDGAR HOOVER
Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Department of Justice
Washington, D. C.
1956 Award THE HONORABLE CARTER L. BURGESS
President, American Machine and Foundry Co.
261 Madison Ave., New York 16, New York
1957 Award THE HONORABLE JOSEPH F. CARROLL
Major General, United States Air Force
Deputy Commander in Chief
Headquarters U. S. Air Forces in Europe
APO 633, New York City
1957 Award THE HONORABLE LOYD WRIGHT
Past President American Bar Association and
Chairman Commission on Government Security
Los Angeles, California
american society for
industrial security
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rn
Approved For Release 2003/06/17
a merica n society for
industrial security
National Headquarters: 317 Investment Building, 1511 K Street,
Washington 5, D. C. District 7-4986 - District 7-1649
OFFICERS
1957-1958
President
First Vice President
Second Vice President
Secretary
Treasurer
DIRECTORS
Chairman of the Board
1 year to serve
1957-1958
2 years to serve
1957-1959
3 years to serve
1957-1960
ALBERT T. DEERE
WILLIAM Y. HUMPHREYS
JOHN L. BUCKLEY
ERIC L. BARR, JR.
LAWRENCE P. BUCHMAN
RUSSELL E. WHITE
ERIC L. BARR, JR.
Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation,
Groton, Connecticut
JOHN L. BUCKLEY
Varian Associates, Palo Alto, California
WILLIAM H. CORRIGAN
Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Michigan
ALBERT T. DEERE
The Dow Chemical Comany, Freeport, Texas
RICHARD H. LOWE
Socony Mobil Oil Company, Inc., New York, New York
LAWRENCE P. BUCHMAN
The Martin Company, Baltimore, Maryland
WILLIAM H. McLAUGHLIN
Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Division,
United Aircraft Corporation, West Palm Beach, Florida
GEORGE H. SIMPSON
International Business Machines Corporation,
New York, New York
WILLIAM M. TODD
Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, Burbank, California
PAUL HANSEN
Reynolds Metals Company, Louisville, Kentucky
WILLIAM Y. HUMPHREYS
United Aircraft Corporation, East Hartford, Connecticut
A. ROSS MILLER
North American Aviation, IA DV"cPbICFk&e}XSe
RUSSELL E. WHITE
CIA-RDP80B01676R003200170022-7
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY
HAS COME OF AGE
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY and protection have become an integral unit of
modern American business organization. It has attained a status com-
mensurate with other industrial professions. Its problems are ever
changing, its responsibilities steadily increasing.
Security is a relatively new phase of industrial organization. It was
born of a determination that our national industrial capacity shall be pre-
served, protected and strengthened to meet the recurrent crises of the
times. Its growth proves the acceptance by management of the need for
a permanent department charged with safeguarding and securing employ-
ees, property and other corporate interests.
Management has accorded professional status to security. Security di-
rectors and supervisors have taken a permanent place in the various echelons
of industry and business. They stand alongside the engineers, the metallur-
gists, the chemists, the accountants, the personnel specialists, the industrial
relationists and other recognized professional men.
BENEFITS OF COLLABORATION AND ORGANIZATION
Industrial security directors and supervisors for some time have felt the
need of a means for channeling their varied experiences into a common
reservoir of professional knowledge. The ideas, methods, techniques, and
other factual data developed in one area of industry could be invaluable
to other areas in a purely economic sense.
In the past, industries have cooperated for their mutual benefit in the
formation of great industrial associations. The component departments
of industry have also cooperated in adding to general knowledge and rais-
ing the standards of their profession through the formation of professional
societies and associations. This has been done in engineering, chemistry,
accounting, personnel, advertising, sales and numerous other fields.
The safety of our people generally, and especially of industrial per-
sonnel, could not have been brought to its present high level without the
nation-wide activities of the National Safety Council. Fire protection in
the United States would still be in embryo and without recognized stand-
ards were it not for the collated efforts of the National Fire Protection
Association. The American Medical Association and the American Bar
Association are classic examples of professional men and women joining
together to elevate and maintain their standards and promote the exchange
of professional knowledge.
Cooperation in the field of industrial security and protection can and
will benefit American industry. It will ultimately assure those advantages
to its members which the members of other similar organizations have
received and benefited from. The Society has already established itself and
through its efforts industrial security is now recognized as a.profession. It
has become the leading source of information concerning practices, meth-
2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP8OBOI6 lR0033200100 -jft this important field.
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A NATIONAL SOCIETY OFFERS ADDITIONAL BENEFITS
Notwithstanding the excellent work done by small, local and special
ecurity groups, a national organization provides a vehicle for collecting
nd combining the thought and opinion on security from the whole of
ndustry. This thought and opinion is consolidated to assist in formulating
tandards and policy for both government and industry.
A national society unifies industrial security supervisors into one rec-
'gnized professional society. This unity and consolidation result in the
tation-wide exchange of ideas, techniques and methods of operation. The
aultiple advantages through this increased and collated general knowledge
re conducive to more efficient and effective methods of administering
2curity.
Industrial security is moving forward with greatly increased effec-
iveness and stature to benefit and buttress the nation's industrial system.
he bond between industrial security and national industrial strength has
lade this society not only desirable, but vitally necessary.
A NATIONAL SOCIETY IS FORMED
In recognition of the above factors, and in order to consolidate these
lvantages, the American Society for Industrial Security was chartered in
e State of Delaware on January 21, 1955. It was not intended that ASIS
e just another security group, but that it be the recognized national
rofessional society for industrial security in the United States.
ASIS, as a national professional organization, works to effect the many
ictors listed herein as being within its prerogative and purview. A state-
tent of such broad scope of activity in itself promises l'itle real success,
nless there is present also an intention to achieve the goals specified. ASIS
cognizes this responsibility and this inherent challenge.
To this end, research and study on current security and protection
roblems are carried out by various committees. The findings of each com-
,ittee are given to the general membership for its information and use.
The Society confers and consults with appropriate government officials
matters relating to the administration and enforcement of security regu-
tions to bring about a better understanding between industry and govern-
ent. Special attention is focused on the problems of classified contracts
id security risks in industry.
MEMBERSHIP DIRECTORY
The Society publishes a membership directory for the official use of
members. This enables security supervisors to keen in more intimate
,ntact with other members of the profession, and when need be, to en-
;t the help and cooperation of each other. This directory is a valuable
d to securitysupervisors in handling visit approvals relating to classified
,ntracts, as provided in current Department of Defense security regulations,
,d in innumerable other ways.
PUBLICATIONS
reflects the experiences and observations of qualified men in security and
related fields and contributes to the ability of security supervisors to
do a better job. The magazine offers a vehicle for suppliers' advertising
and also contains factual, informative, and entertaining accounts of cases
investigated either within or outside of industry.
The Society publishes a monthly newsletter of personal happenings
and acquaints the membership with urgent current problems which fosters
a sense of unity and esprit de corps.
Special pamphlets and other media are published and distributed to
members as occasion demands.
THE SOCIETY'S HISTORY TO DATE
In less than three years, the Society has grown rapidly. Its member-
ship exceeds 1,000 nationally and is growing constantly. As of 1958, ASIS
chapters are operating in 16 cities of the seven regions, many other
chapters are in the formative stage and numerous others are contemplated.
ASIS strives for quality membership and the Society is unique in the nature
and extent of the support, approval and acceptance which it has won
within the profession in so brief a period of activity. The Society has estab-
lished its national headquarters staff in the Investment Building, in Wash-
ington, D. C.
The Society holds national annual seminars. Papers submitted on
various subjects at seminar sessions attract much notice in the profession
because of their thoroughness, stimulating interest and careful preparation.
The various suppliers who exhibit at these seminars are pleased with the
opportunity afforded them to display new techniques and technological
devices which now buttress security in the electronic age.
On the operating level, various committees are engaged in diverse and
multiple complicated security and protection problems. Their efforts serve
to underline in a most positive way that ASIS is a working, constructive
force on the national scene. The Society furnished, upon request, a lengthy
staff report to the "Commission on Government Security," a portion of
which report was included in the final draft to Congress. This research
represents collated opinions and was designed to give the Commission an
accurate and ample account of the security supervisor's reactions and rec-
ommendations with regard to the problems under study.
Management has accepted the aims and purposes of the Society and
has, in fact, shown a keen desire for its success. Government has accepted
the idea of the Society in every reasonable way to assure its progress. The
public has accepted ASIS with sympathetic reaction- and warm and sincere
interest.
INVITATION TO MEMBERSHIP
Those handling the responsibilities of industrial security are better
equipped to discharge their duties by affiliating with ASIS. Membership
assures management a direct and real -benefit by a more efficient and eco-
i
d
i
nom
c a
m
nistration of its security and protection departments.
The Society quarterly publishes a magazine entitled Industrial Those who wish to apply for membership are requested to write
curity, which is the recognized professional journal of security. This ASIS Headquarters in Washington, D. C., or contact a member, for further
,blication contains timely articles on various *~ 6 'dsFfdVfi leW342003/06/17 : CIA-IRbftOE M676iR00a200170b22-7
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MEMBERSHIP REQUIREMENTS
The following are excerpts from the bylaws of the American Society
for Industrial Security regarding membership qualifications:
mittee by notice to the National Secretary, according to their new oc-
cupations or fields of endeavor; provided further they pay the dues re-
quired of them in their new category of membership; and provided fur-
ther, however, that no member of the Board of Directors shall be so
reclassified until the expiration of his current term on the Board.
(f) No individual shall be eligible for membership who is not 21 years
of age or over and any member may resign in writing if he is under no
liability to the Society at the time.
Section 1. The membership of the Society shall include the following Section 2. Application for membership shall be made in writing in such
four classes of members: active, associate, government, and honorary. form as the Membership Committee may from time to time determine.
(a) Active members shall be those officers, directors and employees in Each applicant for membership shall furnish such references as the Mem-
industry who are responsible for any prime industrial security function bership Committee may require. Each person who applies for member-
of a corporation, company, division, plant or facility, in a line super- ship from a locality in which a chapter has been chartered, shall have
visory, corporate staff, or corporate administrative capacity. Persons who his application reviewed and endorsed as to character, reputation, and
qualify as active members may elect to apply as associate members. business affiliation, by an appropriate committee of the local chapter.
Each person who applies for membership from a locality in which no
(b) Associate members shall be those officers, directors and employees chapter has been chartered, shall have his application for membership
in industry who are active in any prime industrial security function reviewed and endorsed as to character, reputation, and business affili-
of a corporation, company, division, plant, or facility, in a supervisory, ation by the Vice President of the Region in which that person resides.
staff, professional, or investigative capacity.
(c) Government members shall be those persons in government (fed- Section 3. The Membership Committee shall receive all applications,
eral, state, county or municipal) who are employed in a supervisory, ad- properly endorsed by the chapter secretary acting for the appropriate
ministrative, staff, or professional capacity, the nature of which is re- chapter committee or, when practicable, by the Regional Vice President.
lated to industrial security. The committee shall examine each application and ultimately determine
(d) Honorary members. The Board of Directors may in its discretion, the eligibility and suitability of each applicant on the basis of the required
by the affirmative vote of a majority of all its members, designate and endorsement, these bylaws, their own examination, and such other investi-
elect as honorary members of the Society individuals who are deemed gation as the committee may prescribe.
to be outstanding in the field of business or corporate management, gov-
ernment, operation or research or in any other field related to the pur- Section 4. The Membership Committee shall submit to the Board the
poses of the Society. Honorary members shall be entitled to all privileges t name of each applicant deemed by said committee to be eligible and suit-
of membership except the right to vote, hold office or take part in the able for membership, and approval of such applicant by majority of the
management of the affairs of the Society, and shall not be required to directors present at a meeting of the Board shall he necessary for admis-
pay any fees or dues or otherwise to contribute to the funds of the Society. sion to membership in the Society.
(e) Those who hold membership in the Society as active, associate,
or government members, and who retire, who are demoted or dis- Section 5. All members shall be entitled to receive a Certificate of Mem-
charged, or who transfer from their jobs in industrial security to enter bership in such form as the Board may from time to time approve. If any
another field, or go into business for themselves, may continue their such Certificate be issued, surrender of the same may be required, should
membership in the Society at the pleasure of the Board; provided how- the Board so determine generally, or in particular cases, in connection
ever, they shall automatically be reclassifiedP KkwddeFdieRI4 a 2003/06/17: CIA-RDP808blp6MFgOet34'C9( - b2t2l7rmination. of membership.
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Approved For-Release 2003/06/17: CI-RDP80B01676RO03200170022-7
REGIONAL VICE PRESIDENTS FOR 1957-58
ERNEST E. FELAGO (Acting) ...................... NORTH EAST REGION
General Precision Equipment Co. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont,
New York, New York New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut,
New Jersey, Rhode Island
TED D. TRACKLER .........................................EAST CENTRAL REGION
Aluminum Co. of America Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Maryland, District of Columbia, Delaware
MAJ. CHESTER R. ALLEN .............................. SOUTH EAST REGION
United States Army Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Fort Gordon, Georgia Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida
JOHN M. FISHER .........................................GREAT LAKES REGION
Sears, Roebuck & Company Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio
Chicago, Illinois
K. C. FLORY ................................................NORTH CENTRAL REGION
Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Co. Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, Iowa
Milwaukee, Wisconsin South Dakota, Nebraska, Montana,
Wyoming
EDWIN A. SCHURMAN ................................SOUTH CENTRAL REGION
Bell Helicopter Corp. Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Missouri,
Fort Worth, Texas New Mexico, Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas
RICHARD J. HEALY ......................................WESTERN REGION
The Ramo-Wooldridge Corp. Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Nevada,
Los Angeles, California Arizona, California
HONORARY MEMBERS
1955 Award THE HONORABLE J. EDGAR HOOVER
Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Department of Justice
Washington, D. C.
1956 Award THE HONORABLE CARTER L. BURGESS
President, American Machine and Foundry Co.
261 Madison Ave., New York 16, New York
1957 Award THE HONORABLE JOSEPH F. CARROLL
Major General, United States Air Force
Deputy Commander in Chief
Headquarters U. S. Air Forces in Europe
APO 633, New York City
1957 Award THE HONORABLE LOYD WRIGHT
Past President American Bar Association and
Chairman Commission on Government Security
Los Angeles, California
VOL. I, No. 2
OCTOBER 1957
OF THE
american society
for
industrial security
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Russell E. White
President
The American Society for
Industrial Security
Washington, D. C.
To the members of the American Society for
Industrial Security assembled in their third annual
convention, I send greetings.
The theme of your convention this year, "Industrial
Security--Lifeguard of the Nation", exemplifies
your mission to protect the industrial life of our
country. For the welfare of our own people and
our friends in the free world, it is vital that our
plants and lines of communication be made secure
from all potential hazards.
I commend the efforts of your Society in bringing
together trained personnel to meet this need
with vision, intelligence, and a careful regard for
the basic rights of our citizens.
oUwight ob. eiienhower
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`.Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
industrial
security
IN THIS ISSUE
TOWARD A WORKING PROGRAM FOR INDUSTRIAL SECURITY
Loyd Wright -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
OUR THIRD ANNUAL SEMINAR - Clarence Bracy ------------------------------ 8
THIRD ANNUAL SEMINAR HIGHLIGHTS ...............................:.............. 9
ASIS CONVENTION/SEMINAR SPEAKERS ------------------------------------------ 10
CONVENTION COMMITTEE REPORTS -------------------------------------------------- 12
FUNCTIONS OF THE SECURITY DIRECTOR IN INDUSTRY
Timothy J. Walsh 14
INDUSTRIAL DEFENSE - WHAT IT MEANS TO YOU!
Major Chester R. Allen and Captain Hugo C. Sanford ---------------- 16
THE ELECTRIC UTILITY INDUSTRY IN PEACETIME AND
WARTIME EMERGENCIES -Thomas . J. Rouner ---------------------------- 18
SUITE 317 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22
PUBLISHED BY
"Industrial Security" is published quarterly by the American Society for Industrial
Security, 317 Investment Building, Washington 5, D. C. Printed in U.S.A.
Application for second-class mail privileges is pending at Washington, D. C. Sub-
scription price $2.00 per year, domestic and foreign.
OFFICERS
President
RUSSELL E. WHITE
General Electric Co., Schnectady, N. Y.
First Vice-President
GEORGE H. SIMPSON
International Business Machines Corp.,
New York, N. Y.
Second Vice-President
WILLIAM M. TODD
Lockheed Aircraft Corp., Burbank, Calif.
Secretary
ERIC L. BARR
General Dynamics Corp., Groton, Conn.
Treasurer
LAWRENCE P. BUCHMAN
Glenn L. Martini Aircraft Co.,
Baltimore, Md.
NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS
Room 317, Investmpnt.Bldg,
Washington, D. C.'
Telephone: District 7-4986
DIRECTORS
PAUL HANSEN, Chairman
Reynolds Metals Co., Louisville, Ky.
CLARENCE W. BRACY
Plant Security, Inc., Washington, D. C.
GLENN V. DIERST
Boeing Airplane Co., Seattle, Wash.
WILLIAM H. CORRIGAN
Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, Mich.
A. T. DEERE
The Dow Chemical Co., Freeport, Texas
RICHARD H. LOWE
Socony-Mobile Oil Co., Inc.,
New York, N. Y.
W. H. McLAUGHLIN
United Aircraft Corp., Pratt
& Whitney Div., West Palm Beach, Fla.
REGIONAL
VICE-PRESIDENTS
Northeast
ERWIN O. BLAIR
Sylvania Electric Products, Inc.
Bayside, N. Y.
Central-East
THOMAS M. O'CONNOR
Bendix Aviation Corp., Towson, Md.
Southeast
FRANK J. McARDLE
Sears Roebuck and Co., Atlanta, Ga.
Great Lakes
DELBERT L. WOOD
Illinois Central R. R. Co., Chicago, III.
North-Central
KARSTEN C. FLORY
Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Co., Milwaukee, Wisc.
South-Central
RICHARD E. SMITH
Chance Vaught Aircraft Inc., Dallas, Texas
Western
JOHN L. CREIGHTON
Standard Oil Co. of Calif.,
San Francisco, Calif.
LEGAL COUNSEL
GERARD P. KAVANAUGH
Hercules Powder Co., Wilmington, Del.
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
American District Telegraph Company.- 36
Auto-Photo Co., Inc ............................... 31
Best Universal Lock Co., Inc................. 23
Federal Services, Inc....... ..................... 7
Harco Industries, Inc............................. 13
Iron Mountain Atomic Storage Corp..... 29
Walter Kidde & Company, Inc ............. 15
Mosier Research Products, Inc............... 35
National Storage Company, Inc........... 27
Radio Corporation of America ------------ 11
Reynolds Metals Company -------------------- 21
Sargent & Greenleaf, Inc....................... 25
Whitehead & Co., Inc........................... 17
STAFF SECRETARY
MISS VIRGINIA EGELSTON
Room 317, Investment Bldg.,
Washington, D. C.
EDITOR
SIDNEY S. RUBENSTEIN
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AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY
Code ol Ceh6
As members of the American Society for Industrial Security, we share a singular re-
sponsibility for maintaining inviolate the integrity and trust of the industrial security
profession. In discharging this responsibility, therefore, we mutually pledge that:
1. We will endeavor, under God, to perform our professional duties in
accordance with the highest moral principles.
II. We will direct our concerted efforts toward the support, protection,
and defense of the United States of America.
III. We will labor vigilantly and unceasingly to thwart the activities of
individuals or groups who seek to change or destroy. our form of gov-
ernment by unconstitutional means.
IV. We will strive to strengthen the nation by securing and conserving its
industrial facilities.
V. We will be faithful and diligent in discharging the. duties entrusted to
us, protecting the property and interests of employers and. safeguarding
the lives and well-being of employees.
VI. We will observe strictly the precepts of truth, justice, accuracy, and
prudence.
VII. We will respect and protect confidential and privileged information.
VIII. We will promote programs designed to raise standards,. improve ef-
ficiency, and increase the effectiveness of industrial security.
IX. We will work together toward the achievement of tnie professional
objectives of the Society.
A plaque of the Code of Ethics will be given to each member attending the THIRD Annual Convection/Seminar in Washington.
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Toward a
Working Program
for Industrial Security
BY
LOYD WRIGHT, CHAIRMAN
COMMISSION ON GOVERNMENT SECURITY
Lawyer; born and raised, San Jacinto,
California.
University of Southern California,
1915, LL. B.
University of Ottawa, LL. D.
Admitted to California Bar, 1915.
Practiced continuously in Los Angeles
since 1915, with exception of two
years: 1917-1919.
Service in Army: 'Served overseas as
First Lieutenant in command of
Company D, 8th Infantry, U. S.
Army.
Graduated from Civilian Course
Command and General Staff School,
Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, January
1943.
Served as member of Board of Ap-
peals of the Attorney General for
hearings of alien enemies, World
War II.
Member of Congressional Commission
to study Federal Judicial and Con-
gressional Salaries.
Chairman, Commission on Govern-
ment Security and various other
Commissions of State and Federal
Government.
Past President, Los Angeles County
Bar Association.
Past President, State Bar of California.
Past President, American Bar Associ-
ation.
Chairman of the House of Delegates
of the International Bar Association.
Vice President, Inter-American Bar
Association.
Past President, National Association
of State Racing Commissioners; Or-
der of Coif, Phi Delta Phi, Beatty
Inn.
The report of the Commission on Government Security was sub-
mitted in June of this year,, and its recommendations are currently
under study by the Congress, the Executive Branch, and interested
private citizens and organizations. Bills have been introduced in
the Senate and in the House of Representatives to 'effectuate Com-
mission recommendations which require legislation for their imple-
mentation. Hearings upon these proposals are expected to commence
early next year when Congress reconvenes.
The Commission's report is concerned with some ten divisions
of the nation's security programs. Certainly one of the most vital
of these, and the most extensive, is the Industrial Security Program.
The Commission's proposals in this area are embodied in several bills.
In the Senate S. 2414, introduced by Senator Norris Cotton and Sen-
ator John Stennis, both Commission members, includes the recom-
mended chapters, altering "The Industrial Personnel Security Pro-
grams."2 Other similar bills have been introduced in the Senate and
the House of Representatives.3 All these bills are also concerned
with other phases of the Federal Security Program.
On July 16, of this year, the Committee on Post Office and Civil
Service of the House of Representatives heard testimony on the House
bills. Further hearings were deferred in view of the imminence of
Congressional adjournment. It is anticipated, however, that all these
bills will be the subject of early Congressional action'on the recon-
vening of the 85th Congress in January 1958. By that time, the Ad-
ministration may be expected to have formulated its position on the
Commission's recommendations as embodied in these bills, and to
be prepared to act as well upon the Commission's proposals calling
for Executive orders or directives.
During this interim period, I welcome the opportunity to discuss
through the medium of Industrial Security some of the principal
recommendations of the Commission in this vital area. We of the
Commission are deeply indebted to many of you who will read these
pages. In industry, many gave freely of their time and counsel to
the end that we might achieve an accurate and thorough comprehen-
sion of the many problems with which industry is faced in this area.
We received the aid of the officers and members of many organiza-
tions, including the Aircraft Industries Association, the Chamber of
'Copies of-the Report dated June 21, 1957, are available through the Superintendent of
Documnts, Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C.
'Introdueced June 27, 1957.
'S. 2399, introduced on June 26, 1957, by Senator Olin D. Johnston; H. R. 8322 and
H. R. 8323, identical bills introduced by Representatives Torn Murray and Edward: H.
Rees on June 24, 1957; and H. R. 8334, introduced by' Representative Edgar W. -Hies-
tand on June 24, 195?.
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i
Commerce of tPL4,`4ge4t Fl~tel~~PtO(a~i~na1
Security Industrial Association. Your own American
Society for Industrial Security prepared a most com-
prehensive report for our consideration, representing
the combined thinking of a large cross-section of firms
experienced in this field. Officials of the Department
of Defense, and the three military services, the Atomic
Energy Commission, and other Governmental agen-
cies in the industrial security field cooperated fully
with the Commission and the members of our staff.
If the assistance so generously offered us is typical of
the spirit of mutual help between industry and gov-
ernment, and I am sure that it is, the industrial secur-
ity program and the defense of our Nation's produc-
tive might is in good hands.
Whatever comment may be made concerning our
industrial security program, we must not forget that
it has had a comparatively short history, with its for-
mal beginning dating no earlier than World War 11.4
As one association put it "... it continues to suffer
from growing pains necessitated by a rapid need for
its existence without time for careful preparation.
As each new problem arose, a solution has been fash-
ioned which has caused the industrial security picture
to resemble a patchwork quilt rather than a unified
whole.
This topsy-like growth is by no means limited to
the industrial security area. The Senate Committee
on Government Operations in reporting favorably on
the bill to, create the Commission on Government
Security stated:,
."The evidence before the Committee shows that our
security system, has developed in a gradual and piece-
meal manner over the past decade. It should receive a
careful, comprehensive review by the representative,
bipartisan Commission proposed in this bill."6
In Public Law 3047 which established the Commis-
siori on ? Government Security the Congress found-
"Itis vital to the welfare and safety of the United
States that there be adequate protection of the national
security, including the safeguarding of all national de-
fense secrets and public and private defense installa-
tions, against loss or compromise arising from espion-
age, sabotage, disloyalty, subversive activities, or un-
authorized disclosures."
It therefore declared it to be the policy of the Con-
gress:
"That there shall exist a sound Government Program-
(a) establishing procedures for ... appropriate securi-
ty requirements with respect to persons privately em-
ployed or occupied on work requiring access to national
defense secrets or work affording significant opportuni-
ty for injury to the national security."
The Commission in its Report made recommenda-
tions for the implementation of this policy as to an
appropriate standard," security criteria,9 investigative
4For a summary of the history of the industrial security program,
gthe Commission's Report ; p. 236 & ff.
aort of the National Security Industrial Association to the Com-
mission, dated October 31, 1956.
Senate Report No. 581, to accompany S J. Res. 21, 84th Congress,
1st Session.
'Eighty-Fourth Congress, 1st Session, approved August 9, 1955.
'Commission'' on Government Security Report, p. 267.
'Commission on Government Security Report, p. 268
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procedures,11' screening procedures, security hearings
and appeals,- and related matters.
In conjunction with its study of clearance proce-
dures the Commission examined the basic structures
of the industrial security program, its objectives, poli-
cies, and administration. We concluded that despite
great progress in the last few years the program is
far too large and complex, that it operates with less
than maximum efficiency and economy, and has pro-
duced a loss of perspective by contractors and Govern-
ment alike.
In our analysis of the program we addressed our at-
tention to two principal questions:
1. Is a program of the present magnitude necessary
to adequately protect the national security?
2. Can its present administration be reorganized to
promote greater efficiency and economy without
sacrifice. of the national security?
From the evidence received, we felt that the first ques-
tion should be answered in the negative and the sec-
ond in the affirmative.
On the question of size, the Commission studied the
purposes which lie at the foundation of the program.
The Armed Forces Industrial Security Regulation 13
defines industrial security as "That portion of inter-
nal security which is concerned with the protection
of classified information in the hands of United States
industry." With the complementary phases of indus-
trial security-personnel security and the protection
of facilities-the core of all security safeguards is the
necessity of safeguarding classified information. Ob-
viously, therefore, a determining factor in the con-
sideration of the size of the program is the amount
of information currently being classified.
Of the three categories of classification authorized
by current Executive Order 10501,14 the classification
"Confidential" is by far the most frequently used.
The Department of Defense estimates that 59%0 of
its classified material is "Confidential."15 Estimates
of the number of persons granted Confidential clear-
ances alone run over two million.16
In addition to this ever-pyramiding mass of infor-
mation classified under the authority of the Executive
Order, however, the Commission found that many
documents were being arbitrarily restricted by timor-
ous Government officials through the liberal use of
rubber stamps with such enigmatic warnings as "for
official use only," "not for publication," "adminis-
tratively confidential," and "limited office use only."
Fortunately, this overcautious practice of document
suppression was largely checked by the issuance of the
Executive Order. Furthermore, individual agency
efforts to continue to cloak non-security information
(Continued on page 24) -
"Commission on Government Security Report, p. 279
11Commisslon on Government Security Report, p. 280.
'2Commission on Government Security Report, pp. 284, 285
13Section 1-217, September 1956.
"Effective December 16, 1953.
1WC. G. S. Report. p. 175.
15Report of the N. S. I. A. to C. G. S. dated October 31, 1956, p. 2;
Report of A. S. I. S. to C. G. S. dated November 5, 1956, p. 6 A.'
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER, 1957
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FEDERAL SERVICES, INC.
IS PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE THE
RENEWAL OF ITS SECURITY CONTRACT
FOR THE FIFTH CONSECUTIVE YEAR
WITH THE
U. S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
AT THE
NEVADA TEST SITE
401 THIRD STREET. N. W.. WASHINGTON 1, D. C.
TELEPHONE: NATIONAL 8-7681
760 MARKET STREET. SAN FRANCISCO 2, CAL 101 PARK AVENUE. NEW YORK 17, N.Y.
TELEPHONE: SUTTER 1-3414 TELEPHONE: MURRAY HILL 3-5600
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BY CLARENCE BRACY
GENERAL CHAIRMAN, ASIS
THIRD ANNUAL CONVENTION/SEMINAR
OUR THIRD ANNUAL SEMINAR
You Can't Afford to Miss It!
Much has been said concerning the benefits derived by meeting and talking with others
engaged in the same profession, business or trade. It is generally recognized that through
such association it is possible to learn of the techniques, skills, and experiences from those in
the same field of endeavor. Scientists have saved many hours of scientific research simply by
exchanging ideas, knowledge of previous research, and generally exchanging scientific infor-
mation. The same can apply to our field, the Security profession.
Our annual meeting affords each of us the opportunity to reward ourselves with informa-
tion in our field, and we are sure to come away better equipped to deal with the problems
which confront us in our daily activities. If, for example, the number of years of experience
of the persons handling our workshops at our Seminar were added together, it would repre-
sent hundreds of years of knowledge. This knowledge, when disseminated to us, helps us
to find the best and most practical methods of doing our jobs and, as such, reflects a more
efficient job being done for the companies or organizations we represent. It is a rare person,
indeed, who professes to "know all" concerning his profession, and who cannot learn from
others. This is particularly true in a field where there has been an insignificant amount of
the printed word available for study and review.
Our Annual Seminar is one all Society members truly cannot afford to miss as it offers
the opportunity to learn how to do our jobs more effectively. A single idea gathered during
our Seminar-if placed into effect either now or at some future date-may well be worth the
time and effort spent in attending this important event. Also not to be overlooked is the
value of bringing others, in addition to your wife, as guests. I say "... in addition to your
wife" ... advisedly, as it is assumed we all know the value of bringing her. An interesting pro-
gram has been arranged to keep the wives occupied while we are engaged in workshops, pa-
nel discussions, or other business sessions, and everything possible will be done to make her
stay in Washington most enjoyable. What may be readily overlooked, however, is that there are
many persons within our organizations who are not Society members, but may be richly reward-
ed by attending.
The persons we report to within our respective organizations, and who most likely han-
dle other functions in addition to ours, are excellent prospects to bring with us to the Seminar.
The same is true of other persons within our organizations including those who may not be
in the executive or official category. Bring as many persons with you as you wish in order
that they may receive the benefits of our sessions first hand.
Where else can so much information be obtained at one time and place concerning our
field of endeavor?
See you at 9:00 A. M. on October 28, in the East Room of the Mayflower Hotel.
8 INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER, 1957
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THIRD ANNUAL SEMINAR HIGHLIGHTS
theme: ' 9ncrluefriaC Security - of /eguarc` o/ foe //anion
OCTOBER 28, 29 and 30 MAYFLOWER HOTEL, WASHINGTON, D. C.
Panel Discussions:
Workshops:
Reports:
1. "Does Industrial Security Suppress Civil Liberty?"
2. "How ASIS Benefits the Membership & How These Benefits Can be
Increased"
1. "Why Applicant Investigations Are a Must in Industry"
A. Ross MILLER, North American Aviation, Inc.
2. "Major Application of Electronic Devices in Industrial Security"
CHARLES LAFORGE, Chairman, Subcommittee on Electronic and
Electric Devices
i. "Controls on Classified Matter-Are They Realistic?"
JAMES A. DAVIS, Chairman, Committee on Safeguarding Classified
Information
4. "Reduction of Fire Hazards in Industry"
HORATIO BOND, Committee on Fire Protection
5. "Industrial Disaster Control Plans"
KARSTEN FLORY, Chairman, Committee on Emergency Planning
6. "How Effective are Fences in Protecting Our Facilities?"
KENNETH YANDELL, Chairman, Subcommittee on Physical Protection Items
7. "Purpose of Employee Identification"
WILLIAM TODD, Committee on Identification
8. "Industrial Guard Functions"
WILLIAM SELBY, Subcommittee on Guards and Guard Patrols
9. "Security-The Objective View"
JOHN BUCKLEY, Varian Associates
ASIS Officer and Committee Reports will be presented.
Registration And Other Fees
For complete breakdown of Seminar and other costs see Convention Registration
Committee report on page 12.
"Shop'' Talks:
Luncheons:
Banquet:
1. "Indoctrinating Employees Lo Properly Safeguard Classified Matter"
2. "The Need for Training Plant Protection Personnel"
3. "Why Plant Protection Policy on a Corporate Basis?"
4. "The Composite Security Director"
Three group luncheons are planned with interesting speakers of national
prominence.
A fine dinner preceded by a reception will make this a Convention highlight-
Mr. Loyd Wright, Chairman of the Commission on Government Security,
will speak.
Wives' Activities:
Sightseeing trips and other functions have been arranged for the wives.
Free Attendance Kits-
For Registrants Only
A package of select material to take away with you which can be used for refer-
ence purposes.
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CONVENTION / SEMINAR
SPEAKERS
S. J. TRACY, CHAIRMAN, SPEAKERS COMMITTEE
It is the purpose of the American Society for In-
dustrial Security to extend knowledge in the industrial
security profession and to enhance the profession to
the end that the industrial strength of our Country
will be preserved. The end product is the protection
of employees in plants throughout the Nation, the
protection of the plants themselves and finally the
protection of all citizens. It is a tremendous respon-
sibility.
At the coming national Seminar we will hear from
knowledgeable individuals. At the banquet Mr. Loyd
Wright, Chairman of the Commission on Government
Security, will be the speaker. Mr. Wright, a prominent
attorney in Los Angeles, is a past president of the
American Bar Association, Chairman of the House of
Delegates, International Bar Association, and a mem-
ber of the Commission on judicial and Congressional
Salaries and other State and National commissions.
Mr. Wright was chosen as Chairman of the bi-parti-
san commission on government security created by
Congress to fill an urgent need for an objective, non-
political and independent study of the innumerable
laws, Executive Orders, regulations, programs, prac-
tices, and procedures intended for the protection of
the 'national security. The industrial security pro-
grams, the classification of documents program and
others are of immediate concern of our Society. Mr.
Wright's address should prove not only interesting
but profitable to us. We are proud that our imme-
diate past president, Mr. Paul Hansen, was a mem-
ber of the Citizens' Advisory Committee of Mr.
\1'right's Commission.
On the opening day, October 28, the luncheon
speaker will be Mr. Leston Faneuf, President of the
Bell Aircraft Corporation in Buffalo, New York.
Mr. Faneuf is in his second year as President of Bell
Aircraft;: one of the leading companies in the nation's
aviation industry. Mr. Faneuf succeeded Lawrence
D. Bell, the late founder of the company which bears
his name.
We are certain. to . be rewarded by the remarks of
Mr. Faneuf, who is considered an outstanding speaker
and who has great appreciation of the industrial se-
curity program.
- Fhe luncheon' speaker on October 30 will be a
top-flight government official, Mr. Stephen S. Jackson,
Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Manpower,'
Personnel and Reserve.) Mr. Jackson has had experi.,
ence in the fields of workmen's compensation law
and social security. He is a member of the bar of .
New York in which he engaged in the private prac-
tice of law in addition to being a member of the
bench.
He has had extensive experience in the formulation
of security policies of the Department of Defense,
including industrial security.
Between 1947 and 1955, there grew up a vast, in-
tricate, confusing and costly complex of temporary,
inadequate, and sometimes uncoordinated programs
and measures designed to protect secrets and installa-
tions vital to the defense of the Nation. The ceaseless
campaign of international communism to infiltrate
both government, industry and other vital areas not
only was threatening our military and industrial
strength but was intended to impair our national econ-
omy. It is the responsibility of industry and of our
Society to see that America remains strong. Our
speakers are individuals who can contribute greatly
to our knowledge of what needs to be done.
Those attending the convention will also be inter-
ested to know that we will have with us Rabbi Nor-
man Gerstenfeld of the Washington Hebrew Congre-
gation, who, was also a member of the Citizens' Ad-
visory Committee of the Commission on Government
Security, and Dr. Charles W. Lowry of the Foundation
for Religious Action in the Social and Civil Order.
Dr. Lowry is a nationally known foe of communism.
We will also have with us Monsignor E. Robert Ar-
thur of St. Matthews Cathedral of Washington who
is familiar with many national security problems.
The armed forces will be represented by Chaplain
(Brigadier General) Terence P. Finnegan, Deputy
Chief of Air Force Chaplains, at the banquet. The
invocation for the opening day session on October
28 will be given by Chaplain (Colonel) James F.
Patterson, Office of the Chief of Air Force Chaplains.
The theme of the Seminar is "Industrial Security-:
Lifeguard of the Nation" and our speakers program
is geared to give us the benefit of the thinking of
top-flight individuals who are in a position to be of
Do;:
assistance to us in our future work and plans.
not miss this Seminar.
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How to see where you can't be
with RCA Industrial Television!
With RCA Industrial TV to guide him, one man at
Lukens Steel Company controls this huge 800-ton
plate shear although he cannot see the actual opera-
tion ! Three RCA TV cameras installed above the
blade are connected to three monitors located at the
control position. Watching the monitors, the operator
moves heavy plate into the shear, lines up the plate
with a guide wire, and accurately trims it to size ...
all by remote control !
Wherever it is used, RCA Industrial TV has proved
an outstanding factor in personnel safety, increased
production, time and material savings. In power
plants, factories, laboratories ... wherever control of
vital instruments, processes or materials is required
... it can be counted on for reliable, accurate
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An RCA representative will gladly help you determine
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Broadcast and Television Equipment
Dept. X-305, Building 15-1, Camden, N. J. -
^ Please send me latest literature on the use of RCA Indus-
trial TV (Closed Television).
NAME
COMPANY
ADDRESS
CITY ZONE STATE
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CONVENTION COMMITTEE REPORTS
Seminar Registration Committee
THOMAS O'CONNOR, CHAIRMAN
Seminar registration material has been forwarded
to ASIS members. Your early return of the regis-
tration card will assist the Seminar Committee in
planning and handling of registrations.
For the convenience of those arriving in Washing-
ton on Sunday, the day before the Seminar convenes,
the registration desk will be open in the Mayflower
Hotel from 3:00 p. in. to 8:00 p. In.
The fee for Seminar registration is $15.00; the
three luncheons on Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday
are $4 each and the banquet and reception on Wed-
nesday, $15. Purchased individually, the costs amount
to $42. We are offering a package plan, including
registration, luncheons and banquet for $40. Individ-
ual or extra luncheon and banquet tickets may be
purchased at the registration desk for the above
prices.
Complete wives' activities, including three lunch-
eons and two tours, will be approximately $16. In-
dividual tickets may be purchased. at the time of
registration. This does not include wives' tickets for
the Banquet and Reception which, of course, can
also be purchased at the Registration Desk..
Publicity Committee
RAYMOND C. SPROW, CHAIRMAN
"INDUSTRIAL SECURITY-
LIFEGUARD OF THE NATION"
Have you thought much about
the theme of the Convention/
Seminar? If not, please start
thinking about it, and you will
realize the importance of Securi-
ty to our nation's defense. This
realization will, in turn, make
you more anxious to attend the
Washington sessions to partici-
pate in policy formulation and
to derive untold knowledge from
the prominent speakers informa-
tive panels.
for broadening and strengthening our security pro-
grams.
This year -the Committee has lined up somewhat
over three times as many exhibits covering a wide.
field of items of use in plant protection, fire preven-
tion, safety, record security and and many others.
All coffee breaks for example will be held in the
Exhibit Room. This will permit having refreshments
while at the same time looking at the exhibits.
Reception Committee
A. T. DEERE, CHAIRMAN
The Reception Committee has
been working hard and long
toward making this Convention
the most successful, particularly
from the women's point of view.
A full schedule of activities has
been planned for the women,
and Dottie Quinn assures us
that the program is designed to
provide a maximum of enter-
tainment with a minimum of
effort, and appropriate breaks
for freshening up; spending
money, etc. The wives' activity calendar includes
tours of places of interest in the Washington area.
A Post-Convention tour is .planned to Jamestown
and Williamsburg, Va.
Accommodations Committee
EDGAR L. ROBBINS, CHAIRMAN
The Mayflower Hotel, located
in the Connecticut Avenue area
of the nation's capital, is one of
America's outstanding. conven-
tion centers-luxurious yet com-
pletely practical. It has numer-
ous meeting, exhibit and func-
tion rooms, six restaurants, and
.one thousand tastefully deco-
rated guest rooms, all completely
air-conditioned. Noted for the
finest in food and service, it is
convenient to shopping, the-
Considerable planning and work have gone into
the 1957 Convention/Seminar. Its success depends
upon the active participation of the members.
Exhibit Committee
P. 6. WO, LZ, CHAIRMAN
Those of us who attended last year's Convention
were impressed with the exhibitors and their prod-
ucts. We returned home somewhat richer in ideas
aters, and leading department stores.
The entire Convention will meet each day in the
Williamsburg Room for luncheon and an address
by an outstanding speaker. The highlight of the Con-
vention will be a Reception in the Chinese Room,
and the annual Banquet in the beautiful and spacious
Grand Ball Room, Wednesday evening.
We are making evety effort to anticipate your
needs and plan for your convenience, comfort and
pleasure.
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER, 1957
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Every article listed in our catalog is regularly stocked
by us. Many articles for specialized use are stocked by
us although not listed. We can quickly obtain for you
any standard laminating merchandise which may not
be listed in this catalog or regularly stocked.. Price
and delivery details will be supplied promptly.
Fastest Shipment-Technical Advice. Our tremendous stocks,
ti
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orga
e
ultra-modern facilities, and a s
you of fastest delivery of your orders. An experienced staff
provides technical assistance without obligation.
Bids and Quotation. Make certain that Harco is.on your
bid list. We invite your requests for quotations..
HERE'S YOUR 1957 HARCO
mailing address. Write Dept. 2-A
ADDITIONAL CATALOGS. We will send any
catalogs you may require. Send us your detailed
BUYING GUIDE TO THE WORLD'S
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Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
ONE SOURCE
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Approved For Release 2003/06/17: CIA-RDP80
Functions
o the
Security Director
in Industry
The following is the text of a talk delivered by
Timothy J. Walsh, Security Director, Allen B. Du
Mont Laboratories, Inc., Clifton, New Jersey on the
occasion of a joint industrial-military security sym-
posium held at Du Monts East Paterson, New Jersey
plant on May 29th, 1957.
TIMOTHY J. WALSH
The explosions which shattered the Japanese cities
of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 were not as sig-
nificant for ending the Pacific War as they were for
opening an. era in world history. Man had unlocked
the secret to global. transformation--and its first use
was to destroy a small part of that globe. Now, a
full twelve years later, the destructive power of the
discovery has been multiplied fifty times but the appli-
cation for good is still in awkward infancy. Why are
people bent -on apparent genocide? What force com-
pels man to fashion the most efficient tools possible
for his own destruction?
A moment's reflection will provide at least a partial
answer. The.atom bombs of 1945 ended the costliest
war in recorded history without the million and one-
half additional allied casualties that would have re-
sulted from an invasion of Japan. By this twist of
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Security Director and Coordinator for Mobilization
Planning with Allen B. Du Mont Laboratories, Inc.,
of Clifton, New Jersey, Mr. Walsh joined the firm in
October 1956. He served previously with the Office
of Naval Intelligence and with the Office of Special
Investigations, The Inspector General, United States
Air Force. He is a member of the bar of the State of
.
New York and a member of the graduate faculty of
the Department of Communications Arts, Fordham
University. He is a charter member of the Industrial
Security Institute, a member of the American Society
for Industrial Security, the New York State Bar
Association. and the Bronx County Bar Association.
He is a graduate of Fordham and St.. John's Uni-
versities and has attended the Department of Defense
Industrial Security Management Course. He is also
a reserve officer of the United States Air Force at-
tached to Air-Intelligence.
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER, 1957
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irony the bomb was it benefit because of its very
lethality.
But why the continued race for bigger and more
Powerful bombs? Again the answer is clear in the
pages of the recent past. In 1945 America was at
last awakening to the specter. of international com-
munism. The shadow of the kremlin fell across the
surrender tables on the Missouri. It loomed ominous
at the birth of the U. N. in San Francisco. It blanket-
ed China. We were confident, however, that our ex-
clusive possession of the A-Bomb would prevent an-
other World War for at least eight years. Eight years
during which we could consolidate our position and
build a lasting peace. But President Truman's an-
nouncement of nuclear experiments inside Russia and
public revelation of the sordid facts of atomic espio-
nage changed the picture. The staggering truth was
that the most precious secrets in our national posses-
sion had been stolen. Overnight the tremendous
advantage we thought we had vanished! No longer
the assurance of peace, even for a time. From that
day we have been pitted in an arms race of gigantic
magnitude. Instead of a lead of years we have been
reduced to a lead of months or weeks, and in some
cases, no lead at all. That, is why we continue to
build "ultimate weapons." Loss of the small advan-
tage we still have could mean the end of everything.
In this tense struggle for weapons supremacy the
job of development and manufacture has fallen to
Industry. And in our system that is entirely proper.
Private enterprise and civilian production genius are
indispensable elements of American tradition. With-
out industrial support our National Military Estab-
lishment would. be sterile-our position as World
Leader for peace would be untenable.
(Continued on. page 30)
pr~ews 'for"~`urgYa"?r's?fr'om
Bad the Producers of the World's
Finest Protective Equipment
Kidde engineer points to incon-
spicuous Ultrasonic transmitter.
Silent Sound'
Insures
Burglar-Proof
Three-
Dimensional
Protection
Using sound waves
too high to be
heard by the hu-
man ear, the Kidde Ultrasonic Burglar Alarm System
saturates the entire protected area, wall to wall, floor to
ceiling, with a network of 'silent sound' waves that pene-
trate every cubic inch of space. Any attempt to enter dis-
turbs the wave pattern, instantly triggers an alarm! Even
a lock-in doesn't stand a chance, because once the sys-
tem is turned on, his first move betrays him.
What's more, the unbeatable Kidde system cannot be
bypassed or sabotaged without giving an alarm. It can
be easily carried by one man and plugs into any standard
electrical outlet.
When installed in accordance with regulations of Under-
writers' Laboratories the system qualifies for certification.
For more information, send today for Kidde's Ultrasonic
Alarm Booklet.
KkMe
Tiny Device Traps Thieves With
`Invisible Light'
Designed specifically for low-cost, efficient protection of
out-of-door areas and large indoor spaces, the tamper-
proof Kidde Photo-Electric Burglar Alarm System pro-
jects an invisible beam of 'black light' over an effective
range of 900 feet. Through mirrors the beam can be
"bent" up to 90?. Any interruption of the 'black light'
beam, or any attempt to bypass the system with another
light beam disturbs the frequency modulated waves and'
instantly sounds the alarm.
Security Chief checks alignment
of Photo-Electric projector.
The entire system consists of a projector (shown above)
and a receiver, each about 101/2" long and 61/2" in diam-
eter, neither requiring any special wiring. Transistors
conserve space, lengthen equipment life, eliminate tube
replacement problems. Approved by Underwriters' Lab-
oratories. Ideal for proprietary systems, the Kidde Photo-
Electric Burglar Alarm System gives the best long distance
protection at the lowest possible cost. Write today for
Kidde's Photo-Electric Burglar Alarm System booklet.
Walter Kidde & Company, Inc.
715 Main St., Belleville 9, New Jersey
Ultrasonic Division
Walter Kidde & Company of Canada Ltd., Montreal - Toronto
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Major Chester R. Allen
As the atomic age approaches its
zenith, the basic tenets of warfare
are undergoing a steady and de-
cisive change. Automation, rather
than replacing the individual 'sol-
dier, is increasing both his produc-
tive capacity and his dependence
upon modern equipment. Moving
into what historians of the future
will call the decisive decades of this
atomic century, we must rely di-
rectly upon the industrial produc-
tive capacity of our nation. As sol-
diers we depend upon that indus-
trial production for the implements
of our profession; as citizens, we
depend upon industrial production
for the necessities of living. Our
national ability to continue in our
role as arsenal of the free world is
directly proportional to our con-
tinued capability to produce the
implements vital to both military
and economic surival. The singular
import of this fact was pinpointed
by President Eisenhower in the
special industry issue of "Civil De-
fender" magazine, in which he
states, "These are unique days of
peril to the civilian population, to
the security of our cities, our indus-
tries and their peoples. The deci-
sions this problem requires are dif-
ficult and involve inconvenience
and expense. But the program for
Industrial Defense may constitute
the most valuable investment you
The co-authors of this article
are on the staff of the Industrial
Defense and Physical Security Sec-
tion, The Provost Marshal General's
School, Fort Gordon, Georgia.
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INDUSTRIAL
DEFENSE
What it meanj
to you !
can make toward assuring our sur-
vival as a free nation."
The gravity of the situation is
emphatically illustrated by statis-
tics. Successful enemy attack upon
seventeen target cities of our Unit-
ed States Production Base would
destroy 58.1% of our electrical ma-
chinery industry, 54.2% of our
transportation equipment, 41.9%
of our chemical industry, 49.1% of
our petroleum and coal products,
47.8% of the instrument industry,
54.7% of our primary and fabri-
cated metals production, 29% of
rubber products, and 42.6% of all
machine manufacturing plants. At
the same time, we would lose 47.8%
of the total urban population of
the United States. Seventeen hits
and 50% of all essential defense
industry could be DESTROYED.
The reduction of industrial vul-
nerability within the Army is be-
ing accomplished through the De-
partment of Defense Industrial De-
fense Program, under supervision
of the Deputy Chief of Staff for -
Logistics. The program is moni-
tored by the Provost Marshal Gen-
eral, and includes the training of
Industrial Defense Survey Officers.
The purpose of the Department
of Defense Industrial Defense Pro-
gram is the reduction of vulner-
ability of Key Industrial Facilities
listed on the Department's Key Fa-
cilities List, through the voluntary
participation of management. This
reduction of vulnerability is de-
signed to minimize the effects of,
damage from covert and overt -at-
tack, as well as that sustained from
any type of disaster and includes
such parasitic industrial plagues as
(Continued on page 33)
Above photo is: a view of the Industrial- Defense
The Provost Marshal General's School.
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER~!1
THE
WIue/zeac1
BLACK AND GOLD THREAD MAGNETIC
STAINLESS STEEL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
Offers better security and a system which can be
changed-over on a moment's notice if necessary.
MAGNETIC CODING: Each Card/Badge can be coded with magnetic fluxes or spots in the Steel to
form 10,000 four digit codes, anyone of which may be erased and re-coded at will. The coding takes
place at the time of issue and each time the Card/Badge is used. Several different codes may be placed
in each Card/Badge at the same time to be used at different places.
COUNTERFEIT-PROOF: To duplicate the Card,Badge one would not only have to copy the fine
engraving, but also have to duplicate the Magnetic Codes on the Steel. The codes are such weak spots
of magnetic flux, and so "scrambled-up" with incorrect codes, we believe that it is impossible to copy
without the original device that was use to code the card/badge in the first place. Frequent code changes
makes Counterfeiting all the more difficult.
TAMPER-PROOF: Heat used to re-laminate Altered Paper or White Plastic Laminated I-D Cards
immediately decodes the Magnetic Steel Insert. The best way to de-magnetize metal (or tape recordings)
is to heat same to approximately 250?F-350?F. The format of the Card/Badge is engraved on the
Plastic covers, instead of the Insert, which prevents alteration of this information. The use of Sensitized
Cloth, mounted on aluminum, for the Photographs makes alteration of the photograph impossible.
BLACK AND GOLD THREADS: This feature prevents the super-imposing of a fraudulent picture
over the top of the Genuine Photograph and covering same with wide Scotch Tape, or re-laminating
with new covers.
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THE ELECTRIC UTILITY INDUSTRY
THOMAS J. ROUNER
VICE PRESIDENT
NEW ENGLAND POWER COMPANY
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS
In viewing the performance of the electric utility
industry under various emergency conditions some
fundamental differences are seen to exist between
it and other vital industries.
An electric utility cannot stockpile its product.
Neither can its customers build up inventories of
kilowatt-hours. The electricity must be produced at
the very same instant the customer chooses to use it,
whether that customer is a home, a store or a factory.
There is no time lag between the electric switch at
the customer's end of the line and the generator in
the powerhouse.
This basic characteristic of the power industry has
a profound influence upon both the designer and
the operator of an electric utility system. Every
utility system is designed and planned to cope with
the various natural and manmade emergencies that
experience has shown to be native to its territory.
Power Essential to National Security
Electric power is essential to. the health, safety and
welfare of our population and therefore is essential
to our national security. Being a service business,
an electric utility must do everything possible to see
that the service is continuously available. This
effort breaks down into two general periods of action,
viz., the pre-emergency and the post-emergency phases.
In the pre-emergency period the design and oper-
ation of electric facilities are aimed at providing a
maximum feasible resistance to all threatening haz-
ards that might interrupt service. Multiple dispersed
sources of power, -alternate transmission routes to
important load centers, reserve capacity, and inter-
connections with neighboring power systems are stand-
ard practices in the effort to insure continuous elec-
tric service.
In the post-emergency period every effort is made
to restore electric service as soon as possible to those
customers who can' still. use it. This involves the
use of trained crews brought in from undamaged
areas, the installation of spare equipment held for
such emergencies, the re-routing of power flow and
other measures.
Peacetime Emergencies
The scope of peacetime threats to utility service
include hurricanes, tornados, ice storms, blizzards,
floods, fires, explosions, human errors and mechanical
failures. Many utility systems, because of their geo-
graphic locations, are free from some of these hazards.
Other systems are subject to the full list.
One of the most devastating of these hazards is the
hurricane. A brief review will be made of the steps
taken by a utility to minimize the damaging effects
of a hurricane, as well as to restore service in areas
of breakdown.
Design criteria for outdoor structures, including
transmission towers, must provide for anticipated
hurricane wind velocities. Similarly, the design and
layout of electric facilities along tidewater must anti-
cipate the hazards due to hurricane tidal waves and
to salt spray and other wind-borne material on out-
door electrical apparatus.
The most widespread destruction will befall low
tension distribution lines along tree shaded streets and
roads.
In most such areas the replacement of overhead wires
with underground service has repeatedly been found
to be prohibitive in cost and of questionable value
service-wise. Some progress is being made in a co-
CONNECTICUT RIVER IN FLOOD
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER,
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IN PEACETIME AND WARTIME EMERGENCIES
ON THE JOB AFTER THE STORM
operative effort among local municipal officials, the
power companies and property owners, whereby a
selective tree planting and tree removal program
will reduce the storm hazard to distribution lines.
But since hurricanes strike at unpredictable times
and places, they will always produce extensive dam-
ages.. Therefore a planned major effort must be
directed at restoring electric service at the earliest
possible date.
Electric utility systems have long been accustomed
to responding to one another's call for help in time
of emergency. This response has been expanded and
sharpened greatly in recent years as hurricanes have
shown a tendency to wander off their conventional
paths, and as the public has become more and more
dependent upon electricity for its convenience, health
and safety.
Emergency mutual aid practices among utilities
involve a ready exchange of electricity, manpower,
equipment and materials.
Under modern methods of storm forecasting and
tracking, it is customary for a utility lying in the
path of the oncoming storm to maintain constant
communication with a number of utilities outside the
predicted path, thereby alerting them for the anti-
cipated request for assistance. In case the approach-
ing hurricane. is of great severity, crews of men may
be dispatched before the arrival of the storm.
As soon as the storm has abated so that men can
move around with safety, damage surveys are made
and results communicated by mobile radio or other
means to a headquarters where appraisals are made
as to the need for additional manpower and equip-
ment for prompt restoration. Line crews from near-
by utilities generally travel in their fully-equipped
line trucks. Where distances are great, =the 'assisting
line trucks are frequently sent' overland with relief
drivers, while the trained crewmen travel ..by air,
train, bus or car to their designated points of ren-
dezvous. Work is assigned by local supervisors, who
also provide housing, food, and necessary transpor-
tation for the visiting crews.
Close liaison is maintained with Civil Defense and
with various other federal, state, and municipal
agencies.
Wartime Emergencies
Wartime damage to power company facilities can
result from sabotage or from bombing.
Protection from sabotage involves a number of
efforts that are practice by utilities, some of which
are as follows:
Care in selection of employees. This is simplified
because of the relatively small turnover inutility
employees.
Training of employees to be alert to subversive
persons around utility property and personnel.
Fencing, protecting and guarding of critical areas.
Maintenance of high standards in safety and first-
aid practices.
Providing specialized fire protection equipment
and training of employees in fire protection prac-
tices.
The effects of bombing with modern atomic and
hydrogen weapons fall upon both the trained man-
(Continued on next page)
ELECTRIC SERVICE, COMING UP AFTER THE BLOW
;9
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Electric Industry (Continued) Tense test exercise, supplied an-
h
power and the physical facilities
of a power system.
From a manpower standpoint
electric utilities are set up, organi-
zationally, to produce and dis-
tribute power throughout every
hour of the day, week and year.
Also, most power systems extend
over quite wide areas, geographical-
ly, with the result that in both
operating and supervisory person-
nel they have a natural dispersion
of forces, thus leaving them less
subject to a wiping out of essential
personnel than many other more
concentrated enterprises. T h i s
should not lead to complacency
since there are numerous features
of advance planning that will aid
in carrying on the operation in
time of emergency, including such
items as:
Delegation of authority and dis-
persion of management.
Assignment of employees to al-
ternate assembly centers and al-
ternate work assignments.
Training of employees in first-
aid, emergency feeding, radio-
logical monitoring, fire fighting,
communications, etc.
Inherent Protection From Bombing
From a physical plant standpoint
and- its vulnerability to bombing,
nearly every electric utility is in a
less vulnerable position than are
the customers which it serves. This
was demonstrated at the 1955 atom-
ic bomb test at Yucca Flats, Neva-
da. Conventional transmission
e
other revealing Indication of t
lesser vulnerability of electric gen-
erating facilities to simulated wide-
spread bombing of the populous
centers of this country.
The assumed attack consisted of
the dropping of nuclear bombs on
76 critical areas. Following the an-
nouncement of the location of the
ground zeros, on the day of the at-
tack, and with advice as to the size
and other characteristics of the
bombs, prompt damage analyses
were made. by trained utility em-
ployees working as technical staff
men on Civil Defense (and Depart-
ment of Interior) emergency or-
ganizations.
Working from blast damage
charts and tables the technicians
determined both the amount of
the electrical generation losses as
well as the amount of load that
was wiped out through the demo-
lition of electric customers' facili-
ties. The computed nationwide
power generation loss was 19,600,-
000 kilowatts while the correspond-
ing load loss was 22,300,000 kilo-
watts, or a ratio of 1 to 1.14.
Thus the wide dispersion of elec-
tric generating plants provides an
inherent advantage against modern
bombing attack. And the program
of providing a dispersed pattern
of power generating stations con-
tinues as additional sources of
steam-electric power, hydro-electric
power and atomic-electric power
are added to the nation's power
network.
lines, substations and distribution In spite of these favorable de-
lines were constructed at varying monstrations, widespread distresses
distances from the ground zero of in electric power supply will result
the bomb. Similarly other interests from enemy action in time of war.
installed factory buildings, homes, Therefore, it is appropriate that
industrial machinery and other fa- the electric industry continue its
cilities of various designs in order efforts among its own members as
to determine their resistance to well as with the various govern-
bombing. Technical analysis of the` mental agencies to insure the earli-
test clearly showed that the damage est possible electric service restora-
to the electric utility facilities was tion in the event of enemy attack.
relatively less than the damages to Advance planning is needed in
the property of the users of the many fields, some of which are as
electricity, and therefore, the job follows:
of restoring electric service to the
recoverable users should be able
to keep abreast of the needs.
Further clarification in the roles
of both civil and military author-
ities with respect to the electric
Operation Alert 1956, a Civil De- industry.
Clearer definition of policies and
practices relative to evacuation
and shelter.
Firming up of liaison between
the electric industry and the Civ-
il Defense Agency and other gov-
ernmental organizations.
Establishment and training of
the area organizations being de-
veloped by the Department of
Interior under delegation from
Federal Civil Defense Agency for
restoring electric service follow-
ing an enemy attack and provid-
ing electric service to support
areas.
Further attention to the organi-
zations that ' will determine the
priority of restoration of dam-
aged areas.
Perfection of radiological moni-
toring and reporting.
Connecting up of diverse com-
munication facilities within and
between utility systems.
Establishment of priorities that
will insure the allocation of need-
ed fuel and other supplies for
power generation.
Establishmen of priorities in the
use and restoration of communi-
cation and transportation facil-
ities, including unimpeded move-
ment across state lines.
Establishment of priorities in the
assignment of manpower and
facilities normally serving the
utility industry, as contractors,
engineers, suppliers, etc.
Thus, while the electric industry
is in relatively good shape from a
national defense standpoint, there.
are many areas that require much
further attention.
Frank V. Martinek
Resigns As Director
The Board of Directors has re-
gretfully accepted the resignation
of Frank V. Martinek as a Director.
His professional ability and years
of experience in the industrial se-
curity field have aided greatly in
the formation of the ASIS. The
Board of Directors and the Society
will miss his counseling advice.
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER, 1957
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You Save with
ALL-ALUMINUM
Chain Link Fencing
... No Maintenance Means
Low Cost
For real economy you can't beat
all-aluminum chain link fencing.
It's better looking when new,
stays good looking because it
can't rust. For the same reason,
aluminum fencing lasts several
times as long, eliminates replace-
ment of rust-weakened sections.
And aluminum fencing requires
no protection from corrosive
gases and fumes in industrial
areas.
There are additional savings in
putting up all-aluminum chain
link fencing. Its light weight re-
duces shipping and handling
costs, makes it easier and faster
to erect. These advantages are
greater if aluminum posts and
fittings are also used.
High quality all-aluminum
fencing is now readily available.
It will pay you to investigate.
For more information on this
no-maintenance fencing call the
Reynolds office near you, or write
Reynolds Metals Company, P.O.
Box 1800-NK, Louisville 1, Ky.
See "CIRCUS BOY", Sundays, NBC-TV.
Watch for Reynolds on "DISNEYLAND", ABC-TV.
. Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
Approved
uite
377
I hope to use this column as a means of letting
you members know what goes on in ASIS as a whole
as well as to supply items of interest which may help
us to get to know each other. You can help along
this line by sending me the minutes of your chapter
meetings and data of meetings you plan on having.
If you are in Washington stop in and say hello. I
have written to most of you during the past year,
but as yet have only met a few of you.
Captain Hugo Sanford of Fort Gordon has stopped
in the office several times and from all reports he and
Major Chester ,Alen seem to be doing an excellent job
of recruiting for ASIS in that area-Ralph Schriener of
General Electric stopped by to say hello recently
while in Washington. Several of the Washington
members stop in the office from time to time, such as
Stan Tracy, Frank Stanton, Clarence Bracy, Dorothea
Quinn, Paul Cooper, and Colonel Sid Rubenstein.
We now have 13 chapters of ASIS organized
throughout the U. S., namely: Chicago:: Detroit; Dal-
las-Fort Worth; Houston; Louisville; Newark; New
England at East Hartford, Connecticut; New York;
Pittsburgh; Northern California at San Francisco;
Southern California at Los Angeles; Western New
York at Buffalo and Washington, D. C. Our Detroit
Chapter recently held a meeting and from the minutes
their meeting seemed to be a very profitable one.
They enclosed some pictures of the meeting, and I
think this is a good idea for all chapters. We would
like to run an article later in the "Industrial Security"
magazine on the activities of the. different chapters,
and pictures certainly will add interest to the column.
Detroit appears to be progressing very well under
the able chairmanship of Lee Malone, with Gene
Kelly as Secretary. Dick Smith and John Ellington
of Dallas are doing an excellent job of building up
the membership in that area. Houston recently held
its organizational meeting and seems to have stirred
up a great deal of ASIS'interest in their vicinity. The
Louisville Chapter continues to hold their monthly
meetings with the aid of "Mr. ASIS Himself," Paul
Hansen. `What has happened to the Newark chapter
-no word to date? Jack Buckley of Varian Associ-
ates continues to do an excellent job of salesmanship
with regard to ASIS in the San Francisco area. George
Thomson of North American Aviation and Mem-
bership Chairman of the Southern California Chapter
has been doing an excellent job of soliciting members
in the L. A. region. The Washington, D. C. chapter
has held numerous meetings and there is real interest
here. If things continue at the rate they are going
I am certain it will be one of our largest chapters.
This should afford competition to get more members
for those chapters located in industrial cities. I want
to thank John F. McCauley with General Electric in
Phoenix, Arizona for the efforts he is making in trying
to recruit members there so that they will be able to
form a chapter.
May I call to your attention and impress upon
you again the existence of our able Placement Com-
mittee. Thus far, our Placement Committee has not
been too active and I believe this is because of the
primary fact that industry is not aware that we even
have such a committee. I have numerous personal
resumes on file and urge each of you to check our
files first for any openings that may come up within
your company and where you are in a position to
influence the hiring of security personnel. This can
be a really fine service for ASIS members as well as
non-members and we urge you to utilize it.
The members of ASIS located in the Chicago area
may find of interest the "Conference on Freedom and
Responsibility in the Industrial Community" to be
held Oct. 23, 1957, at Levy Meyer Hall at North-
western University. This Conference is sponsored
by Northwestern University School of Law. From
their program it is believed it will be worth your time
to attend. For further information on this I suggest
you contact Northwestern University School of Law.
I hope this bit of chit-chat will be of interest to
you. We have been working quite hard to make the
coming convention successful and I hope to meet all
of you there. In the meantime-let me know what is
"news" with you.
See you at the Convention - - - - -
THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
MANAGEMENT SECURITY COURSE
For the past year the Department of Defense has
been conducting an intensive five-day briefing for
security officials of industry at Fort Holabird, Balti-
more, Maryland. The course is held about once each
month. Any person engaged in industrial security
work in industry or in colleges, universities or re-
search organizations on classified defense projects is
eligible to attend.
Anyone interested in attending should contact his
cognizant security office for further information.
22
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER, 1957
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UNIV ERSAL
LINE
4"
INDUSTRIAL LOCK
SECURITY
1. facilitates continuous cognizant lock
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INDIANAPOLIS 4, INDIANA
Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
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Loyd Wright (Continued)
with unauthorized, artifical restrictions have been
impeded if not stopped through the efforts of the
Special Subcommittee on Government Information of
the House Committee on Government Operations
which, beginning in the 84th Congress, has directed
a searching spotlight toward reluctance of the Ex-
ecutive Branch to disclose Government operations.
The Commission, therefore, directed its study on an
analysis of those classification categories provided for
in the Executive Order.
There is no question of the necessity or soundness
of the classifications Top Secret and Secret. The
Top Secret classification, under the order "shall be
applied only to that information or material ... the
unauthorized disclosure of which could result in ex-
ceptionally grave damage to the Nation." The Secret
classification is authorized "only for defense informa-
tion or material, the unauthorized disclosure of which
could result in serious damage to the Nation." Clear
illustrations of each type of situation requiring these
classifications are set out in the Executive Order.
The classification "Confidential," on the other
hand, is authorized "only for defense information or
material, the unauthorized disclosure of which could
be prejudicial to the defense interests of the Nation."
(Emphasis added.) Conceivably, the disclosure of
any defense information or material could be "prej-
udicial" to our "defense interests.". Rarely do individ-
ual pieces of information greatly help the enemy. It
is when different items are pieced together to form
the larger picture that the harm is done. Obviously,
however, we cannot throw security safeguards around
every scrap of information that "could" possibly prej-
udice our defense. To dilute the focus of our security
program to this extent would, in fact, be "prejudicial"
to our Secret and Top Secret data and necessitate an
administrative program unbearable in cost and im-
possible of management. The uncertainties of the
Confidential classification are compounded by the
fact that the Executive Order fails to cite any illus-
trations indicative of its intended application.
In view of the vague area meant to be encompassed
by the classification "Confidential," the abundance of
documents and other materials so classified, and their
direct relationship to the magnitude of the industrial
security program, the Commission early in its study,
therefore, was faced with the primary issue whether
the "Confidential" category could be abolished. In
our considered judgment it could, and we so recom-
mended.17
Before taking this precipitous step, the Commission
examined the actual use of the "Confidential" classi-
fication. We studied a number of documents bearing
this classification which came to us in the course of
business. Some of them treated of matters which
could be said to fall within the prescribed definition
only on the impossible basis, referred to above, that
the disclosure of any defense information could be
prejudicial to our defense interests; many should not
have been classified at all. We confirmed to our
amazement that Government, though protesting the
necessity of the classification, permits each contractor
to clear his employees for access to Confidential on
the simple proof of citizenship and the absence of
known derogatory information. There is no full
field investigation nor even a national agency check.
In fact, any valid derogatory information a contractor
receives would be the result of sheer happenstance
or individual ingenuity since the official files of fed-
eral, state, and local investigative and law enforcement
agencies are usually closed to him.
I think that your Society report to the Commission
properly wrote off this paradoxial situation in stating:
"There appears to be no connection between the
criteria for classifying information in the confidential
category and the criteria (if any exist) for granting
access to confidential information .... It is not neces-
sary to be in the business of industrial security for.
long to appreciate what little interest the military
had evinced in the procedures by which employees are
granted Confidential clearances .."18
Official sources readily admit the inconsistency of
the Government's position but point to the great cost
and administrative difficulties involved if the Govern-
ment were to take over the responsibility for clearing
for access to Confidential. In short then, the Govern-
ment's position is this: In the face of the management
burden involved, it is willing to take a calculated risk
that the national security will not be jeopardized. As
one official in industry has put it
. . . sheer administrative convenience has led to
allowing an employer to `clear' for the large volume of
work which is `confidential.' "19
Many officials have objected and more will no doubt
join them, to the Commission's recommendation that
the Confidential category be eliminated. A similar
clamor met the abolition of the previous category of
"Restricted." The wielders of. the security stamps,
of course, recovered brilliantly from that blow by the
ingenious device of inventing a new classification,
"Confidential-Modified Handling Authorized."
\1Thatever may be the intended purpose of
this category, it should be plain that it, too, falls
within the purview of the Commission's recommen-
dation. If, of course, the Government-and particular-
ly the military-needs some such device to meet an
internal situation, it should so demonstrate. But ad-
ditional restrictions should not be imposed on defense
contractors.
It would be ingenious indeed to state that the
abolition of "Confidential' will not precipitate cer-
tain administrative and other difficulties, particularly
in the defense establishment. You cannot create a
(Continued on page 26)
"Report dated November 5, 1956. p. 11 B.
]"William J. Barron, Labor Relations Counsel. General Electric Com-
pany, in an address closing the proceedings of ,'the Seventh An-
nual Conference on Labor, New York University, 1955.
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER, 1957
Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
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Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
Loyd Wright (Continued)
Frankenstein of such proportions and simply wish it
away. To mitigate the transition period the Commis-
sion, therefore, recommended that the discontinuance
of the category apply to future classifications except
that industry be permitted immediately to discontinue
clearances relating to contracts presently so classified.
The difficulties incident to its abolition, however,
should not be sufficient reason to justify continuing
a system we cannot defend, particularly in the light
of the heavy cost to industry, the never-ceasing accu-
mulation of papers requiring protection, and, more.
serious, the loss of security perspective. There is no
validity to the premise "a little bit of security is better
than no security," for in the impulse to cover the
waterfront we will inadequately protect the vital areas.
"We must either approach almost perfect security or
dispense with it entirely in certain areas, for one does
not acquire, as in other phases of procurement, a cer-
tain percentage of security for the amount of money
spent. The largest of secrets can slip through the
- -smallest of holes, and a single imperfection can neg-
ative the entire program ."211 If the Government is
willing to gamble on a citizenship check and a clean
public reputation as the basis for clearance, it should
go one step further and assume that industry in the
course of its normal personnel policies will hire per-
sons of acceptable character and trust to work on
routine defense projects. The Government's obvious
minimization of the Confidential category logically
raises a presumption that it should be abolished. In
the absence of adequate rebuttal by the Government,
the presumption should stand.
One positive result of the abolition of Confidential,
of course, would be to focus proper attention on the
meaning and significance of the remaining categories,
Secret and Top Secret2l and the necessity of fully
protecting information or material so identified. In
this the Commission's survey of existing security legis-
lation disclosed an anomalous situation. While the
unauthorized disclosure of "classified information" by
an officer or employee of the Government is subject
to criminal penalties under certain conditions, there
is no similar statute covering persons not in Govern-
ment service, in the absence of proof of actual espion-
age. To correct this deficiency the Commission has
recommended to Congress the passage of legislation
which would establish criminal penalties where any
individual willfully and knowingly communicates
properly classified Top Secret or Secret information
to an unauthorized person.22 Unintentional disclo-
sures of classified information or even intentional dis-
closures of improperly classified information would
not fall within it purview. The statute is not leveled
at any one group but would extend to any person
having access to classified information, including of
course personnel of firms holding defense contracts.
This recommendation has, in my opinion, received
unmerited criticism from some sources, including
newsmen, on the ground that it would impose censor-
ship on the press or serve as an instrument for sup-
pression of information by corrupt' Government offi-
cials. Others, including members of the press, have
recognized the basic validity and need for such a law,
and I am happy to report we have received no adverse
comment from industry. While Government officials
in the exercise of judgment are not infallible, never-
theless the responsibility for making decisions on clas-
sification matters must rest with them, subject to
adequate reviews and inspections.23 Absolute security
is, of course, not only undesirable but impossible.
Breach of trust in the Secret and Top Secret areas,
however, must be circumscribed with reasonable but
specific penalties.
Perhaps the most significant Commission recom-
mendation, however, from the standpoint of increas-
ing the efficient operation of the industrial security
programs, is for the "consolidation of the industrial
security programs of the . . : military services into
a single, integrated program, devised, controlled, super-
vised, and operated by an Office of Security in the
Office of the Secretary of Defense.' '24
The Commission took this position in full appreci-
ation of the fact that the most frequently prescribed
-and often ill-advised-panacea for all the ills that
beset the military services is "unification" of oper-
ations. It did so in the conviction, however, that no
alternative solution could effectively bring an end to
the diffusion of responsibility and resulting confusion
of operations which currently exist in the adminis-
tration of the program.
To provide a perspective for this proposal, let us
look at the present organizational scheme: The Sec-
retary of Defense, conconant with his responsibilities
tinder the National Security Act of 1947, as. amend-
ed,25 has vested over-all responsibility for developing
policies, procedures, and standards in the Assistant
Secretary of Defense for Manpower, Personnel, and
Reserve. The Assistant Secretary coordinates the in-
dustrial security operations of the three separate serv-
ices through the Director of the Office of Personnel
Security Policy. Three primary documents govern
the program; namely, the Armed Forces Industrial
Security Regulation, used principally by Government
security officers; the - Industrial Security Manual for
Safeguarding Classified Information; and the Indus-
trial Personnel Security Review Regulation which
prescribes a uniform standard and criteria for deter-
mining access to classified information. Each of the
military departments, however, actually exercises oper-
ational control over its own program. On paper this
system of individual service autonomy with central co-
(Continued on page 28)
20N. S. I. A. Report to CGS, dated October 31, 1956. ""The Commission has proposed a continuing review of the document
21Including also "Atomic Secret" and "Atomic Top Secret," the two classification program. throughout the Government under the super-
categories recommended by the Commission for use by the Atomic vision of a Central Security Office. See CGS Report, pp. 89 (92).
Energy Commission. See p. 229 of CGS Report. 2'See CGS Report, p. 289.
22For the suggested legislation in its entirety, see CGS Report, p. 737. =15 U. S. C. 171.
26 INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER, 1957
Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
RECORDS SECURITY
is
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Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80B01676R003200170022-7
Loyd Wright (Continued)
ordination appears sound, particularly considering the
size of each program. In practice it has resulted in
extensive duplication of procedures, diverse interpre-
tation of security regulations and criteria, with in-
cident delays, unnecessary costs, and lessened efficiency.
The principal criticism appears to be not one of dis-
organization but that the jealously guarded organi-
zation of each service has resulted in the conduct of
three separate programs with consequent unnecessary
administrative burdens on industry.
The following, for example, are representative
statements made by officials of industrial concerns
whose opinions were solicited by the Commission:
A New York firm:
"Briefly, I believe the problems are more of a straight
administrative nature and that some of them are re-
lated to the fact that there are several types of clear-
ances which are obtained and regulated through nu-
merous agencies. We have been subjected to quite
constant annoyance of submitting personnel security
questionnaires and fingerprint cards on a multiple
basis. It would seem to me that much would be accomp-
lished by a coordination of clearances, no matter what
the purpose, into one centralized agency. From the
standpoint of industry I believe this would be most
helpful." (Emphasis added.) -
A Pennsylvania firm:
"In some cases a single individual has needed clear-
ance for more than one agency, and separate applica-
tions and investigations had to be made for each agency
involved. Previous clearances for one agency were not
accepted by the others. This was time-consuming and
wasteful, and appears to us to be unnecessary. Uniform
clearance procedures are recommended, together with
a central record office so that once an individual is
cleared for one agency he does not have to be rein-
vestigated by the others.
"Also, regulations regarding the safekeeping of clas-
sified information are not uniform, even within the
same agency."
A California firm:
"I feel that in the past years any confusion encoun-
tered by industry in setting up a security program
has been caused by the .failure of government to dele-
gate one specific branch of the government to main-
tain jurisdiction and be responsible for the establish-
ing of a basic security program and assisting industry
in developing a program based on its individual needs
and problems," (Emphasis added.)
The National Defense Committee of the Chamber
of Commerce of the United States in a report to the
Commission summed up the need for uniformity as
follows:
". . it is imperative that we approach security plan-
ning on a more permanent and uniformly administered
basis. Because present security programs require dif-
ferent rules by different agencies, there is a consider-
able amount of confusion and duplication in the ad-
ministration of the various security programs."
It is well to remember that we are not here con-
cerned with isolated criticism of the present system.
The Commission was in touch with many officials
employed in the field of industrial security. Eighty-
four percent of those contacted were in favor of
vesting administrative responsibility in a single securi-
ty agency. In the majority of all reports the Commis-
sion received, the general complaint is that most prob-
lems encountered by industry have been due to dis-
ordered administration caused by the diffusion of re-
sponsibility and the resulting proliferation of orders,
regulations and interpretations.
Under these circumstances, the Commission felt
that the establishment of a special office within the
Office of the Secretary of Defense for the conduct of
the military industrial security programs is imperative.
Under its recommendation the proposed Office of
Security within the Office of the Secretary of Defense
would be an operative office. The industrial security
programs of the three armed services would be con-
solidated into a single integrated program There
would be a single set of regulations and uniform inter-
pretation of the regulations. Security personnel now
assigned to the individual services would be transferred
to the Office of Security and this phase of activity dis-
continued within the Departments of Army, Navy,
and. Air Force. The industrial security provisions of
defense contracts would be under the jurisdiction of
the one office, with a resulting uniformity and con-
sistency of approach.
Some of the advantages readily apparent from a
single program would be: standardization of proce-
dures; uniform application of security standards and
criteria; improved classification, declassification and
reevaluation of classification procedures; single agency
cognizance for multiple-facility organizations; con-
sistency in the interpretation of regulations; expedit-
ing of personnel and facility clearances; expedit-
ing of reactivation of terminated clearances; easier in-
terchange of clearances; elimination of duplicate sur-
veys of facilities; and elimination of duplicate person-
nel security questionnaires, fingerprint cards and other
forms. -
Once again it is recognized that the transition to a
single program will precipitate certain administrative
difficulties. Change in the machinery of Government
is always accompanied by labor pains. In the effort
io protect more effectively our national security, how-
ever, we should not permit the very volume and com-
plexity of entrenched procedures to bar sound ad-
ministrative reorganization.
The creation of a single military industrial program,
of course, will not cure some of the administrative
problems caused by the presence in this field of civil-
ian Government agencies, particularly the Atomic
Energy Commission. A number of knowledgeable
groups have advocated the principle of central control
and operation of all programs by one agency. The
Commission considered this proposition but rejected
it as administratively and practically unsound. In its
opinion the separate substantive responsibilities of the
DOD, the AEC, and other interested agencies make
complete unification impossible. We did, however,
recommend greater centralized coordination. We felt
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Approved For Release 2003/06117
that the basic policies and procedures governing it 1
industrial security programs should be embodied in
an Act of Congress or an Executive order'-"- and in-
cluded suggested language in it draft "Federal Security
Act."27 These provisions have been embodied in the
legislation already introduced in the Senate and the
House referred to earlier.
We have recommended it new independent office,
the Central Security Office 2,11 to coordinate not only
the industrial security program but also related matters
in connection with the civilian employees' loyalty
program, the port security program, the document
classification program, and the proposed civil air trans-
port program. In the industrial security field the
Central Security Office would provide for hearings and
appeals in personnel security cases; assist in simplify-
ing and bringing uniformity to procedures and prac-
tices as well as security manuals and forms used in the
program; provide instructional discussions for securi-
ty personnel; conduct conferences with representatives
of industry and Government to correct program oper-
ational difficulties; promote greater exchange of clear-
ances throughout the program 2" and in general bring
about greater uniformity, efficiency, and effectiveness.
The Central Security Office would he responsible
directly to the President. Unlike the Office of Security
proposed for the military industrial programs, it would
NC. G. S. Report, p. 289.
VC. G. S. Report, pp. 291 (702) (716).
2 se. G. S. Report, p. 89. -
z"For the commission's specific recommendation on the transfer of
personnel security clearances, see C. G. S. Report, p. 291.
CiIA-RDP80B(~1676~~OO~b~(llp~ failure of an
lave no opera mg at i
agency to comply with general policies, however, would
be corrected through the Executive Offices.
The institution of new administrative systems, pro-
cedures, or regulations in themselves, however, cannot
bring new life and greater efficiency to the industrial
security programs. In the final analysis the caliber of
security personnel, both in government and in indus-
try, will determine in large part the degree of protec-
tion the national security will receive. "Without
minimizing organization, methods and other elements,
the prime requisite of a good administration is com-
petent staff, particularly top-level staff."30 In an early
conference, Dean Roscoe Pound of the Harvard Law
School, an adviser to the Commission, commented that
it is more important to obtain men of integrity and
common sense as security officers than it is to have a
detailed set of security regulations. Rules and regu-
lations, like death and taxes, we will continue to have,
of course, but the need for competent men of demon-
strated good judgment and character is perhaps great-
er in the security field than in many other occupations.
The admixture of economic, legal, ideological, and
sociological forces which come in to play in this area
demand that security matters rest in responsible and
capable hands.
I have been gratified and surprised by the high pro-
(Continued on next page)
"""Staffing Democracy's Top Side" by John A. Perkins, President.
University of Delaware-Public Administration Review, Winter
1957.
IMPREGNABLE
IRON MOUNTAIN
DISASTER PROOF
STORAGE FACILITIES
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MICRO FILM FACILITIES
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Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
Loyd Wright (Continued)
fessional level of security personnel in industry and
in government. The very existence of the American
Society for Industrial Security and the recognition it
has received in a few short years attests to the growing
stature of your profession. But your goal is not
achieved. While most companies are attracting com-
petent personnel with adequate compensation, recog-
nition, and authority, a few continue to regard secu-
rity work as a necessary but temporary evil, to be
tolerated but not encouraged. This short-sighted at-
titude, of course, ignores the incontrovertible fact that
security precautions will be a mandatory requisite of
defense contractors as long as the menace of external
and internal subversion continues. The arrest of ad-
ditional Soviet spies is clear evidence that subversive
activity has not abated. Boris Morros, recently re-
vealed FBI counter-intelligence agent, was reported
as stating, "I want to emphasize that the Russian plot
is far more strongly organized in this country and
throughout the world than is generally understood by
our .people."
American businessmen are not entirely blameless
for the spirit and drift of the times. The protection
of our treasured freedoms is not the sole responsibility
of Government-it is the responsibility of every
Walsh (Continued)
But development and produc-
tion are not enough when we face
an adversary that has multiplied
its own industrial strength to com-
petitive peak. We must maintain
our lead over a foe whose total
ability to make war, in terms of
sources of supply, plants and avail-
able labor pool, almost matches
our own. To succeed we must do
more than develop and produce.
We must protect what we already
have! We must keep knowledge of
our weapons program away from
the enemy as long as possible. It is
obvious that if our lead consist
of technical "know-how" it will
evaporate in direct proportion to
the extent our enemy learns that
"know-how." Security is vital to de-
fense and security in industry is as
necessary as security in the military.
In many cases it is more important
because we build our lead in in-
dustry. And it is the industrial se-
curity officer who will be responsi-
ble for maintaining that security.
The security officer in industry,
more than any other person or
agency, is charged with the task of
insuring that whatever lead time
we are able to achieve in new weap-
American, and particularly of those who control
American industry. "If we are to preserve human
liberty and freedom, we cannot leave it to the poli-
ticians, their paid agents, and Government bureaus
We must leave it to the people who are students of
liberty and freedom, who understand that liberty is
indivisible, who understand that the free market not
only in ideas but the free market in goods and services,
including the money market, are integral parts of a
free society."31 Industrial executives must recognize
their own personal responsibilities and give the job of
security the attention and support it deserves. Those
directly engaged in industrial security cannot carry out
their obligations efficiently or even satisfactorily with-
out the personal help, encouragement, and participa-
tion of top management.
I join with every patriotic American in praying that
there will be true peace in our time, but nothing I
have learned, officially or personally, . justifies its pre-
diction. The universal recognition of this truth by
industry will not only benefit industry itself, but also
directly contribute to the safety and welfare of our
31Dr. Emerson P. Schmidt, Director of Economic Research, Chamber
of Commerce of the United States in an address before the Mort-
gage Bankers Association, New York City, April 16, 1957, as re-
printed in part in The Freeman, August 1957.
ons development is not lost through
industrial espionage, malicious dis-
closure, or gross negligence. On his
shoulders falls the great responsi-
bility for protecting the data which
means a balance of power favorable
to the U. S. Such grave responsi-
bility ought not be taken-or given
-lightly.
By what standards, then, shall
we measure a person for this re-
sponsibility? Certainly the Indus-
trial Security Officer of 1944, or
1950, would find the situation to-
day very different from what it was
then. The lessons learned during
WW II and in Korea have account-
ed for many changes both of con-
cept and procedure in the present
industrial security program. One
standard, therefore, is that the se-
curity officer know the program.
This means much more than a
casual acquaintance with the In-
dustrial Security Manual. It means
a clear understanding of the re-
lationship between Government
and Industry through every phase
of the procurement program from
bidders' lists to shipping docu-
ments. It means an appreciation of
the rationale of the program
through study of its development
since 1940. Such milestones as the
Armed Services Procurement Act
and Regulations, Executive Orders
9835, 10450, 10104, and 10501, the
Department of Defense Industrial
Personnel Security Review Regula-
tions, and the Atomic Energy Act
of 1954 ought to be part of the
Security Officer's working knowl-
edge, not mere references! He
should be on intimate terms with
the Bonsai Committee Report of
the N. Y. C. Bar Association, the
Johnston Sub-committee report of
the U. S. Senate, the report of the
Industrial Personnel Security Re-
view Program of the Department
of Defense, the Wright Commis-
sion Report, and the landmark fed-
eral court cases of Kreznar vs Wil-
son, Green vs Wilson and Cole vs
Young. These are staples in the
security diet.
The second requirement is that
the Industrial Security Officer must
know his firm. He must know what
it does and what it can do as well
as the operating staffs. Much un-
necessary difficulty has been en-
countered by Industrial Security
people because of ignorance of
their own organizations. It is ?im-
(Continued on page 32).
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possible, and certainly very foolish,
to sit in the seclusion of an office
and issue procedures affecting or-
ganization elements whose real pur-
pose is unknown. A considerable
job of ferreting and foot-slogging
falls to the security officer. He
should expect it and be an active
student of his firm's operations. Its
a simple truth that you cannot un-
derstand what you do not first
know. It follows with equal truth
that you cannot regulate what you
do not understand.
Third on the list of requirements
for the Security Officer is Impar-
tiality. Whether a clerk or a vice-
president permits an unauthorized
disclosure, the net result is the
same-security compromise! A pro-
gram designed for an entire. firm
will never work if it is applied rig-
orously to the lower levels but
stops. at the door to the executive
suite. Management attitude will
key the attitude of the whole or-
ganization-for good or bad. The
program must be made active at
every level. A Security Officer who
deliberately avoids this responsi-
bility is doing all concerned a dis-
service and his salary is a wasted
investment.
As a fourth requirement I would
list Decisiveness. Situations arise
daily which do not always fall with-
in the precise letter of the security
regulations but which must be re-
solved immediately because of dan-
gerous practices involved. Unless a
security officer be prepared to de-
cide such issues at once he runs
the serious risk of losing respect for
the program. Evasive tactics, dodg-
ing the issue, or ignoring it in the
hope it will correct itself, can undo
months of indoctrination and edu-
cation.
It is possible to add qualities al-
most indefinitely to this checklist.
No mention has yet been made of
loyalty to the United States or of
personal integrity, yet these are
fundamental requirements without
which an effective security program
is unattainable. My purpose, how-
ever, is not to exhaust the list but
simply to reeemphasize a few quali-
ties which the security officer, him-
Given a Security Officer who
possesses these qualities, and the
others necessary to the position,
what is he expected to do for the
firm which employs him? More
important, what are the obligations
to his country which he assumes
with his title? Again, a detailed list
of duties would be a lengthy docu-
ment. There are a smaller number,
however, which take a priority. It
is these we shall consider.
Before anything else there must
be a clear understanding of his
authority and the limits placed on
it. He must have a voice in the
making of security policy. Too
often a security organization is
given the task of enforcement but
has no part in establishing the
substance of the program. Security
is intended to prevent loss of infor-
mation. Only secondarily is its
function to detect and apprehend
a violator. The bulk of a security
officer's expert talent should be di-
rected at isolating and prescribing
safeguards for the weak links in the
chain. If the program is decided by
persons not experts and the security
officer is a mere policeman, there is
the greatest likelihood that the pro-
gram will fail of its objective. The
very first responsibility of a secu-
rity officer, then, is to convince
management that he is a part of
the management team.
From this, the second responsi-
bility flows directly. The Security
Officer who constructs the program
must tailor it for his firm. An air-
frame manufacturer will not have
the same problems as an engineer-
ing consultant service. A supplier
of electronic components will be
in a very different position from a
shipbuilder. The Department of
Defense makes its position clear in
this regard with the requirement
in the Security Agreement and the
Revised Security Manual that con-
tractors shall prepare security stand-
ard practices procedure. The Gov-
ernment Manual prescribes some
general rules. Industry, company
by company, must apply these rules.
The Standard Practices Procedure
becomes a contractor's "security
that the program is form-fitted to
the company. Unless the bible fits
the company the security program
will be either a series of crises or
blunders. It is the security officer
who must decide how his company
will comply with general regula-
tions. If he doesn't do it, or doesn't
do it well, it is fairly certain no one
else will.
The third important responsibil-
ity of the security officer is to build
a strong security consciousness with-
in his organization. People in gen-
eral, Americans in particular, are
reluctant to accept regulation-and
especially so if it effects freedom
of movement or expression. The
only way to make this type of reg-
ulation work is to convince the
objectors that it is truly necessary
to achieve a greater good. This
means clear and frequent explana-
tion of the purpose and effects of
security "do's" and "dont's." Noth-
ing will provoke hostility more
quickly than arbitrary or capricious
rule making in the grand authori-
tarian style of "Do it or else." At
the worst will result an active re-
sistance ' which makes the security
officer appear ridiculous and marks
the end of his usefulness. At best
there will be only token com-
pliance, and this sort of passive
resistance is a dry rot that in time,
leaves a shell to the program. The
responsibility for security educa-
tion is a continuing one and in-
volves every employee'from the
moment of hire to the day of ter-
mination. More than all the locks
and badges, effective Security Edu-
cation contributes to success. The
experiences of advertising, psychol-
ogy, industrial relations and hu-
man engineering are available to
aid the Security Officer in this re-
sponsibility. He must have the
sense to use them. Quite honestly,
we recognize at Du Mont that we
have just scratched the surface in
this field. Our major security ef-
forts are now bent on a good edu-
cation program. We feel that our
own people will cooperate willingly
once they have a clear idea of the
reasons.
Fourth among the Security Offi-
cer's prime responsibilities I would
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER, 1957
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rank Cooperation with other firms
and other industries. And I mean
active cooperation, in a spirit of
mutual help, to work out common
problems. After 'all, each of us is
pledged to do the very same job-
protect defense information en-
trusted to our firms. It doesn't
make much sense if one firm af-
fords certain classified information
maximum protection and then
lends or transmits it to another
firm which permits its compromise
through laxness or ignorance. I
think an'example of what I'm talk-
ing about will be familiar to us all.
Determining visit categories is an
area where greater cooperation is
necessary. Some firms make a real
effort to bring visit requests within
the spirit as well as the letter of
security regulations. Others take
the course of least resistance. It
may be more time consuming and
require more administration to
process a category 4 visit than to
use rather general terms and han-
dle it as a category 2, or pre-con-
tractual visit. But a regular, tongue-
in-cheek practice of doing the lat-
ter, is not only bad security, it is a
contemptuous disregard for the
labors of firms genuinely attempt-
ing to comply. Elimination of prac-
tices such as this is a goal of mutual
cooperation.
Another facet of cooperation is
interested membership in profes-
sional organizations. This must go
beyond the clinking of cocktail
glasses at annual banquets. To be
meaningful it must include commit-
tee work and research projects. The
professional groups are local as
well as national in scope. Every
security officer will find an organi-
zation suitable for his needs. He in
turn should contribute to the needs
of others, through the organization,
by bringing to it the benefit of his
advice and experience.
Voluntary meeting with the mili-
tary, who have the often frustrating
job of policing the industrial se-
curity program, is another means
of cooperating. Such meetings go a
long way towards promoting better
understanding, and hence better
security.
The last responsibility of a secu-
rity officer which deserves special
mention is his obligation of effi-
ciency. This is not quite the same
as saying he must provide optimum
security. It is that certainly, but it
is more. It is the requirement that
he do it within reasonable budget-
ary limits and that he keep his or-
ganization trim and smart. There
has been an increasing trend to set
up security organizations with divi-
sional or departmental status and
to require formal security budgets.
This is a sound business practice
and should be followed wherever
possible. While it is true that se-
curity is a service organization and
consequently a 100% cost item, it
is also true that business experience
has shown service organizations to
be amenable to cost control meth-
ods. Optimum security does not
necessarily imply maximum ex-
pense. On the other hand, a security
group which has to beg for each
pencil and eraser will not produce
the desired result. A security officer
who is familiar with cost control
and who runs his organization with-
in a well conceived budget which
allows for contingencies is a cor-
porate asset. It should also be re-
membered that many security costs
are directly chargeable to the classi-
fied contacts in connection with
which they are incurred. A formal
budget will make these items readi-
ly identifiable and will permit
proper allocations.
In further connection with costs,
the Security Officer should be made
aware of classified requests for
quotations which are directed to
his company in order that he may
furnish an estimate of probable
security costs for his firm's guid-
ance in submitting its proposal.
This is especially true in the fixed
price type of contract where a large
security cost, overlooked in pre-
paring a proposal, could result in a
loss to the company. It is not the
intent of the industrial security
program to cause a contractor to
incur losses. However, the contrac-
tor must make timely demand for
his legitimate, reimbursable costs.
In the area of security, it is only
reasonable to expect this informa-
tion from the security officer.
My purpose has been to select
for comment a few of what I con-
sider to be the more important at-
tributes and functions of the Indus-
trial Security Officer, in the hope
that these remarks, in some way,
will have contributed to a better
appreciation of his very real im-
portance to the defense effort.
Without attempting to be dramatic
I should like to close with one final
observation. The Industrial Securi-
ty Officer is a man with a mission.
Upon its true and faithful execu-
tion may well depend our national
survival!
Industrial Defense (Continued)
theft and pilferage, as well as sabo-
tage, fire and flood.
If the United States industrial
base were not plagued by annual
losses of millions resulting from
theft and pilferage, we would have
few members in this Society. Indus-
trial Defense is designed to prevent
these two afflictions to the maxi-
mum possible degree through the
application of the most modern
principles of plant protection.
There are those who claim that
only personnel security clearance
programs can prevent sabotage. We
submit that such administrative
methods play an important role in
sabotage prevention, even though
an academic one. We further sub-
mit though, that the saboteur may
not require clearance prior to scal-
ing a wall, sweeping an office, driv-
ing a soft-drink truck, or effecting
entry through an unprotected sew-
er line. The physical protection
of critical areas, access to which
may require no clearance, is as vital
to continued production as the
certainty that classified blueprints
are only in the hands of those who
have been properly investigated.
Industrial Defense means the pre-
vention of sabotage through the
identification of critical areas and
their subsequent protection against
unauthorized entry. We keep the
professional saboteur out-the one
who does not bother to fill out a
personal history statement.
Fire as an occupational industri-
al hazard needs no clarification.
(Continued on page 34)
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Industrial Defense (Continued)
Our Industrial Defense specialists
do not profess to check on the abil-
ities of the Fire Underwriters rep-
resentatives. We do, however, like
to see that their recommendations
are implemented immediately and
not eleven months later, prior to
their next annual visit. Good fire
protection means lower insurance
rates to your companies and to us
it means less chance of interrupted
production. Without that produc-
tion we cannot fight. In addition,
we also explore the type of employ-
ee fire brigade a key facility has in
being. If needed, we fulfill our mis-
sion of assisting and advising mana-
gement of such facilities by guiding
them along the path which culmi-
nates in the establishment of such
an auxiliary fire force. Fire means
loss of production time-reduction
of lost production time . is Indus-
trial Defense.
Those members, and the com-
panies they represent, who are lo-
cated in the New England, Kansas
City and Yuba City areas (to men-
tion only a few), know what floods
mean to production. For full scale
disasters, Texas City companies can
speak with authority. Industrial
Defense does not prevent them. We
can, however, apply Industrial De-
fense principles in minimizing the
effects of damage from such pro-
duction killers. How high will the
water go in your plant if the nearest
dam breaks (there is no such thing
as an impossibility), or if a sud-
den 6-inch rainfall falls in a few
hours? It can't happen here? Ask
the citizens of Chicago-it happen-
ed to them a few weeks ago.
"Massive Nuclear and thermo-
nuclear attack can come only on
paper in the annual Operation
Alert!" Many have made this state-
ment. We call it "The Prelude To
A Lethargic State of Apathy," and
would like to see the crystal ball
of those adhering to this school of
thought. The unclassified "Assump-
tion for 1957" published as an Ad-
visory Bulletin by FCDA tells us
clearly and logically what the "po-
tential" enemy can do. Some of
our top military leaders have pub-
licly stated that if this country is
attacked, some of the bombers will
get through. Is your plant going to
be hit? If you can answer this
question in the negative, you do
not need the portion of Industrial
Defense designed to help our key
facilities plan against overt enemy
attack.
This then is Industrial Defense
in a nutshell. A big puzzle which
spells continuity of production and
service when the pieces are proper-
ly fitted together. Department of
Defense Survey officers visit key
facilities at specified intervals to
survey their progress in our field
and assist and advise management
in the voluntary development of
industrial defense programs fitted
to each particular plant.
The United States Army trains
these officers at the Provost Mar-
shal. General's School at Fort Gor-
don, on the outskirts of Augusta,
Georgia. The Provost Marshal Gen-
eral and his Military Police Corps
are charged by the Army with
Physical Security 'responsibilities
and Industrial Defense training. To
achieve the latter objective, a three-
week industrial defense survey
course is presented at the Military
Police School. This course is taught
in a special classroom equipped with
amphitheater-type seating around
a thirty-square foot scale model of
an industrial complex. In addition,
our classroom is "rigged" with the
latest intrusion detection devices
from electric eyes through ultra-
sonic, and equipped with special
types of locks.
Our students, Department of De-
fense Industrial Survey Specialists,
have to set up a complete industri-
al defense program for the model
complex, which is theoretically lo-
cated in a large city on the East
Coast. To make the instruction
more realistic we burn the place,
blow it up, and drop a thermo-
nuclear "egg" on the city. All the
student has to do is to have a pro-
gram which in each case will cause
minimum interruption in produc-
tion. Rough-yes, but every class ac-
complishes its goal prior to gradu-
ation.
The subjects covered in the three
weeks of intensive study include
Business Organization, Economic
Mobilization, Plant Protection
Hazards, Fire Protection, Plant Pro-
tection Organizations, Disaster
Planning, Industrial Mutual Aid
Organization, Continuity of Indus-
trial Personnel, Personnel Protec-
tion. Restoration of Functional
Production Areas and Restoration
of Utility Service, to name some.
The School provides our people
with basic ingredients to successful
Industrial Defense Surveys. Our in-
struction is based upon realism and
continuing contact with our field
personnel.
This then is Industrial Defense-
its major components and the way
the Army trains the users of these
tools.
Security is as strong as the weak-
est link. Industrial Security without
Industrial Defense spells weakness.
If we are indeed a Society for In-
dustrial Security, let us not do only
half the job, but also initiate In-
dustrial Defense. In a conflict, hot
or cold, limited or general, we pit
the economy of one nation against
that of another. Economy is de-
pendent on Industrial Production.
Without that production we can-
not win-with it, we cannot lose.
TRAINING FILM
SYMPOSIUM. ON SECURITY
The Department of Defense will
release a new industrial security
training film. The new color film
is called "Symposium On Security"
and is designed primarily for show-
ing to audiences of scientific, en-
gineering, and technical personnel.
This is a 16mm technicolor film
that runs for `'4 minutes. It consists
of a series of presentations by top
government and scientific authori-
ties and a discussion of security
practices as they affect persons en-
gaged on classified research and
development projects for the De-
partment of Defense.
It is expected that cognizant sec-
urity offices of the Military Depart-
ments will have prints available for
loan about the first of November.
The film will be available for pur-
chase through commercial channels
within the next six weeks. As soon
as arrangements have been com-
pleted for the sale of the film an
announcement will be made in a
Department of 'Defense Industrial
Security Letter, quoting the price
and giving instructions regarding
the placing of orders 'for the film.
34 INDUSTRIAL SECURITY, OCTOBER, 1957
Approved For Release 2003/06/17 : CIA-RDP80BO1676R003200170022-7
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