DEPARTMENT III FOR POWDER-FUELED ROCKETS AT DESIGN BUREAU NO. 3 IN KRASNOARMEYSK

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A003600260004-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 28, 2004
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: February 25, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
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This Document contains information affecting the Na
tional Defense of the United States, within the mean-
ing of Title 18, Sections 793 and 794, of the U.B. Code, as
amended. Its transmission or revelation of its contents
to or receipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited
by law. The reproduction of this form is prohibited.
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25 February 1954
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REPORT NO.
DATE DISTR.
NO. OF PAGES
REQUIREMENT NO.
REFERENCES
THE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THIS REPORT ARE DEFINITIVE.
THE APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
(FOR KEY SEE REVERSE)
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Design., Bureau No. 3 (KB 3) was located in Krasnoarmeysk (N 56-06,. E 38-07),
about 50 kilometers north-northeast of Moscow. The Institute was involved
in the further development of German dockets.. It was composed of four and,
later, of three Gerzkan departments ingluding Department III in charge of
powder-fueled rockets.
2. Prior to early 1947, when some Soviet engineers refused to accept work orders
from Germans, Soviet aids were assigned to the German work groups. As a re-
sult of these difficulties,a new Soviet institute for the "Construction of
Rockets and Projectiles" was established near the Yaroslavskiy Railroad Station
in Moscow, where Soviet engineers in a sort of contest worked on the projects
handled b German engineer;.
He thought that the institute had probably moved to the
new buildings at Putilovo which were being conistructed under the supervision
of Candidate Tarnovskiy (fnu).
USSR (Moscow Oblast)
Department III for'Powder-Fueled
Rockets at Design. Bureau No. 3
in Krasnoarmeysk 25X1
I various civilian Soviet engineers
included
Andrey-1vanovich av, s ev, Chief, Design. bureau No. 3,. Colonel Dyatlov (fntt),
Chief of the Institute for the "Construction of Rockets and Projectiles", a
qualified organizer and designer; Candidate Tarnovskiy (fnu), an intelligent
physicist and ballistic engineer and provisional chief of the new institute
under construction at Putilovo; Rabinovich (fnu), an intelligent engineer
stationed at Leningrad, expert on remote control systems with special interest
in. the remote control system of the Rheintochter-type rocket; Lieutenant Colonel
Rashkov (fnu), escorting officer of the Schmetterling and Rheintochter units;
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Major tTmar.rkiy (fnu), an expert cn liqu.id-fueled rocket power units; Candidate
Rotshteyn (fnu), escorting officer of the Sokol device; Major Shukov (fnu),
expert on remote controlled air-to-air rockets; and Captain, 3rd Rank.,Vasilevskiy
(fnu), chief of a department at .Berlin.'
4. In some respects, 'the Soviet armament industry employed more efficient
working methods than the G;r?nan did. For example, before a new project
was started, a so-called Technica Council was held, with the initiator of
the project or the inventoxr giving a detailed lecture on the subject to a
board. of experts, who had h1.r?r-aady beer_, issued a copy of the lecture. After
2 5X1 one expert who was specifically elected for this purpose had pointed out
all disadvantages of the project, pleading that it be cancelled, the other
members of the board gave their opirion. and a decision was made as to whether
25X1 or not the project was to "De started.
5. In the USSR much more theoreticai_.research was involved in a project than
was the case in the German armament industry. In the USSR the smallest
details were figured but theoretically before a unit was constructed, as
mathematics were found to be less expensive than practical tests. While
in Germany dispersion errors were determined by test firing, in the USSR
these figures were calculated. Excellent results were obtained with regard
to variations in the material and tolerances in the production?
6. Occasionally the Soviets pretended projects 'worked out by the German engineers
to be -their products. The 2e:a ~s usually had to submit their research
materi.al,never to see it agai:ra.. in individual cases, when new projects
were based on the results obtained in previous research, were the old sketches
25X1 returned Ir suc~i. cases, the German headings had been cut out and
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replaced by Russian titles, and the names of the Soviet engineers had replaced
the German :nam,ss.
10. An airborne All rocket desigrn-atedlbiniya was the first development project
handled in the USSR. Tb e head of the powder-fueled rocket con-
25X1 tained seven no-Li-ow-charge projectiles similar to the Panzerfaust. The
rocket was to be fired by aircraft flying at low altitudes at a range of
600 to 800 meters. The unit was stable with narrow instability range at
25X1 small angles of attack. A light twist was achieved and maintained by
turbulence nozzles and vanes. the hitting probability
of stable rockets was widely increased by this light twist. The Molniya
type rocket had a maximum diameter of 320 mm, a combustion period of 0.6
seconds,and a specific thrust (specif.ischer impuls) of 190 to 195 seconds.
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The hollotcharge projectiles were equipped with electric impact fuzes fed
with electric power by a propeller which was driven by the air flow,
11? 20 test models for experimental purposes. Although the
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Soviets at first approved only two units, they finally constructed five
models. Firing tests showed that an average of one and one-half'to two
rockets re required to destroy one tank. The development and testing activi-
ties ended in the fall of 1947. The Soviets produced a.series of 100 units.
11 the Soviets continued
to work on the M 1niya project until the German engineers were released.
A supersonic powder-fueled air-to-air rocket was.designa.ted Sokol. The unit
had a diameter of 320 mm,, an explosive charge of 65 kg, a combustion period
of 10 seconds, a thrust of 1,200 kg, a total weight of 280 kg, and a combat
range of 1,200 to 1,800 meters. The service ceiling of the rocket was 12 km
plus. Three rockets were carried by one aircraft and fired individually in
pursuit flight. The rocket was controlled by a combined Kehl-Colmar airborne
remote control system and tracked on the target after an adjustment period of
five seconds. The canard-type straight-wing missile had a wing span of 1.8
to 2.0 meters. Power to feed the electro -mechanical rudder control system was
produced by an air pressure turbine installed in the head of the unit. This
turbine drove, a three-phase generator operating at 500 cycles per second.
The design sketches showing only the assembly parts had to be sealed and sub-
mitted to the Soviet experts. The project was continued until late 1947-
13. The Zenit-type AA rocket was a very efficient two-stage rocket with a
minimum diameter of 68 mm and a maximum diameter of 120 mm. The unit climbed
to an altitude; of 18 kilometers within 20 seconds, accelerated at a rate of
830 meters per second per each stage, carried an explosive charge of 50 kg,
and was equipped with an impact fuze functioning with a delay of p.5 (sic) milli-.
seconds. The rocket was to be launched from a multiple frame in accordance
with an AA system, with the control unit aiming at the predicted target
position:... The design plans of this rocket were completed in 1911.8. The
Soviets turned it over to higher authorities. : however, with a delay of one
25X1 year several test models were
being constructed.
11+. Another project involved the construction of an airborne rocket launching
unit for rapid firing of a great number of missiles. .FOrty--eight powder-
fueled rockets were to be moved into launching position by two non-ending
automatic elevators and launched alternatively. The rockets had a diameter of
five to six cm and were to be fired at a rate of 10 rockets per second. Each
rocket carried 500 grams of explosives. They were equipped with impact :fuzes
and traveledwith an acceleration of 600 meters per second at a range of
1,200 meters. The development was terminated in mid-1918. Further information
on the project was not obtained.
15. The so-called ring magazine was an air-to.-air weapon. Fifty mines were
arranged in an annular magazine around a powder fueled rocket. The unit
was held together by a sheet meta l coat which was ejected in flight direction
when the fuze started to operate. The released mines were centrifuged from
the rocket and covered the target in a wide cone of dispersion. The rocket
25X1 had a diameter of 21 to 24 cmyand the mines were five cm in diameter. The
total diameter of the unit was 31 to 311. cm. The rocket accelerated at a
25X1 rate of 1+00 to 420 meters per second.
the Soviets ha constructed eight to ten models of
25X1 the unit-which varied with regard to the arrangement of the projectiles
within the magazine. two or three different
25X1 models had been constructed by the Soviets.
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16.. After early 191+9 working on civilian projects.
25X1 German engineers subordintate to the Ministry of Agricultural Machine
2 5X1 Building and mos e projects worked on. involved farming machines, in-
cluding the designing of an automatic repair unit for combines.
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Comment. Lieutenant Colonel Rashkov was previously reported as working
or e Soviet designing office established at Gema in Berlin after the war
and was later reported as a researcher on Rheintochter and Schmetterling
type rockets at Plant No. 88. Major Umanskiy was mentioned in connection
with the Soviet development of an A-li- rocket with a pressure-resistant steel
body, at Branch No. 1 at Ostashkov. Major Umanskiy was probably involved
in the experiments for this development project.
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