INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-04864A000300030007-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 13, 2002
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: October 2, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

(.3LASSIFICA'flO vl ?CO{ FT )RITVIAL S1CURMY INFOi "TION
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT NO.
INFORMATION FROM
VOR?.ie EGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
25X1A
993. CA;" IIIg ': a . DATE OF
IMIQATIOM3 OF VULNERABILITIES
INFORMATION August 25-31k 1952
DATE DIST..} (':~:.1 a
ILLEGIB
GE TO
CHAN
=
UNC1ASS F1ED
PER REGRADNN9
BULLETIN N0.'2__.,
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTINR THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF ESPIONAGE ACT 50
U. S. C., UI AND S$, AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR THE REVELATION
OF ITS CONTENTS IN ANY MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PRO-
NIBITED BY LAW, REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM 18 PROHIBITED.
SOURCE Monitored Bro. ce to
NO. OF PAGES
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
C Report No- 37"COX=187! CHINA
(Au.guot 25..31, 1952)
CLASSIFICATION
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 25X1A
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SUMMARY
The people of Northeast China must pay their great liberation debt to the USSR by emulating
the Russians and strengthening Sino-Soviet ties, SSFA propaganda proclaims. Instead of
moves toward evacuation, the Russian commander in the Dairen-Port Arthur district joins
with Chinese officials to urge "acceptance of Stalin's brilliant leadership." The
R .ssian-directed Chinese-Changchun Railway is used as an exhibit to prove that workers
must adopt Russian techniques, but resistance remains, and some record accident tolls
have accompanied record accomplishments of railroads.
The Northeast Government contributes a huge sum to be used by Russians in building a
sanitarium., which the Russians no doubt will also run. Described as one of China's
finest, the new structure is far removed from Chinese population centers, but near
to Fussian Khabarovsk.
Statements from farmers who visited the USSR, supporting plans for systematic
collectivization of farming, despite "backward" peasants, are exploited in an effort
`to connect collectivization with the "patriotic" duty of women to do heavy farm
work. Payment by the Government of nine times as much as formerly for red tea from
Yunnan might be significant, as this product is needed for export to the USSR.
While it is claimed that the Americans are nearly exhausted in Korea and face
rebellion at home, loud protests at bombings of "peaceful cities" in Korea, and
denunciation of U.S. newspaper reports of large Chinese casualties at Bunker Hill,
indicate that the latest U.N. action in Korea may be causing considerable concern.
Along with reports of counterrevolutionary action in widely scattered areas, actgaY-
sabotage is admitted in Szechwan, as well as clashes in Yunnan minority areas. Nev,
measures to protect "informers," appointment of hundreds of "supervisory reporters,"
and widespread efforts to correct thinking of judiciary personnel, some of whom even
oppose "on the spot" trials, all reveal considerable resistance to the growing
stranglehold of the Communist Party.
CANfIDENTIAL
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FCR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
COUNTRY: CUMNIST CHINA
SUBJECT: INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES
STATINTL
DkTE1~ .1,26 .0-51
DATE: Aug. 25-31, 1952
CPW Report No. 37-A -- COMMUNIST CHINA
(Aug.: 25-31, 1952)
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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 STATINTL
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1. (ib) SSFA Activities:
Anshan stated (Aug. 29) that a directive of the Sino-Soviet Friendship Association
pointed out that the Northeast was liberated by USSR forces, so the people of the
area owed a great debt to the Soviet, which could be acknowledged by emulation of
the Russians in all things. Mukden announced (Aug. 25) that the local SSFA called
a meeting to organize 500 persons for services at the Red Army military cemetery,
when great enthusiasm was expressed for Red Army liberation troops, and the people
realized "they must emulate the unselfish internationalism of the great Red Army
martyrs by completing the unfinished tasks of these martyrs.''
Mukden said (Aug. 25) that 18400 people attended an SSFA rally to celebrate liberation
of the Dairen-Port Arthur area, with speakers including the Soviet Commander in the
area. The Dairen mayor called upon the people "to demonstrate the solidarity of
Sino-Soviet friendship by emulating the USSR and following Stalin's brilliant
leadership." The Dairen JEN MIN JIH PAO called the Russians the "Elder Brothers
of the Chinese," and declared that Sino-Soviet friendship must be strengthened to
maintain peace in the Far East.
2. (lc) Emulation of the USSR:
Mukden said (Aug. 27) that members of the Northeast farmers' delegation who spent
32 months in the USSR praised the mechanization of farming there and called upon
the Chinese to imitate the Russians. A woman delegate from Heilungehiang Province
commented. upon the large number of Russian women working on mechanized farms, and
asked that Chins. mechanize her agriculture so women could take a more active part.
3. (Ic) Soviet Technical Guidance:
Peking asserted in n meral code (Aug. 27) that by adopting Soviet methods t1i
Shanghai Electrical Supply Company had increased production 500 percent. Previously,
with ma of the work rs still insisting upon American and British ideas of manage-
ment, 40 percent of the motor production had to be redone because of defects.
Mukden reported (Aug. 25) that the Northeast Party Committee had issued important
instructions on adoption of Soviet railway techniques to a meeting of 800 railway
workers, with several Soviet experts present. The Russian vice chairman of the
Chinese-Changchun Railway received an enthusiastic response to his report on
adoption of Russian methods in handling the railroad, and the workers were taken
on a tour to see their operation.
Mukden announced (Aug. 25) that work started July 10, under the direction of
Soviet technicians, on a mechanized 500-bed sanitarium in Sungehiang Province on
the Sungari River. When completed, this sanitarium, to which the Northeast
Government had contributed four billion yuan, would be one of the finest in China.
Anshan announced (Aug. 26) that cadres had been ordered to correct the situation
in the Anshan Steel Mills which led to fulfillment of only five '.3 assignments
because of failure to study progressive Soviet experiences. Mukden complained
(Aug. 25) that workers had been injured and work delayed in construction projects,
and demanded regular inspections. Shanghai (Aug. 27) quoted the HSIN WEN JIH FAQ
as saying that, despite the establishment of record runs on the lines of the
Shanghai Railway Administration, the number of accidents was far above normal.
4. (2a) War Propaganda:
Wuhan stated (Aug. 27) that 20 Christian groups in Wuhan issued a statement protest-
ing attacks on peaceful Korean cities, and calling upon Christians of the world to
stop the bombings. Peking (Aug. 27) quoted Alan Winnington as declaring that the
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NCIA SIFIED
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"Bunker Hill Campaign" was an American fraud and invention, a newspaper stunt with
no consideration for the truth in reporting Chinese losses.
Peking (Aug. 25) quoted from American press dispatches in stating that 80 percent
of American soldiers in Korea had no battle experience, that ammunition and manpower
shortages were seriously affecting U.S. morale, anc.that American maneuvers in stepping
up the fighting could only result in more American deaths. Peking added (Aug. 27)
that 43 public leaders in America had demanded an end to Korean hostilities.
5. (2d) Foreign Trade:
Wuhan said (Aug._26) that 37 local companies shipped 400 tons of sesame seed and
400 tons of tobacco to domestic and foreign markets" during August, while Changsha
reported 76 percent increase in import-export trade. Kunming stated (Aug. 25)
that "in order to assist the minorities" in the Puerh area of Yunnan, the amount of
red tea accepted in payment for a fixed quantity of rice had been changed from
three catties to one-third of a catty.
6. (3a) Counterrevolutionary Indications:
Tsinan reported (Aug. 29) that the party committee of Luhsi Hsien, Shantung, had
warned peasants to organize patrols for protection of ripening crops and Government
granaries against subversive agents. According to Foochow (Aug. 26) peasants in
Yungan Haien were ordered to guard against lawless elements, as they had "slackened
their co-7txol over landlords." Chungking said (Aug. 27) that cadres had been
ordered to mobilize the masses following destruction of grain crops in the Langchung
area of northern Szechwan.
Kunming reported (Aug. 26) that transport workers held a rally against labor
racketeers who had infiltrated into the rnions to spread rumors and cause trouble.
Wang Feng-ling, Li Wei ? se+1g, and Liu Wen-pa :were sentenced to prison after public
trials. Kunming asserted (Aug. 28) that Yunnan minority groups were greatly
impressed by the public security exhibition, and declared they would return home to
wage a relentless fight against "Chiang Kai-shek and American special agents."
One Liao tribesman was quoted as saying: "Some counterrevolutionaries of the
Ikuantao spread rumors in our region, saying it would rain oil for 49 days, so we
should not try to raise crops or harvest them."
7. (3b) Resistance to Change:
Shanghai said (Aug. 27) that the Shanghai Health Bureau had called a meeting on the
development of free medical service for Government personnel, as "the program has
met with difficulties,"
Peking declared in numeral code (Aug. 27) that a judiciary reform committee had
been organized in Peking to purge the judiciary of errors in thinking, as the anti-
corruption drive had exposed serious shortcomings. Both new and old cadres were
"slaves to old legal concepts," opposed "on the spot trials," and favored land-
lords,., "which unconsciously hampered their work in the people's courts." Peking
dded (Aug. 28) that judiciary reform committees had been organized in the Northwest
and in East China.
Mukden announced (Aug. 25) that in the Dairen-Port Arthur: area, reform of the
judiciary had begun with classes for cadres. Mukden added (Aug. 28) that investiga-
tions showed many cases adjudicated "on old legal concepts." Sian reported
(Aug. 30) that in Yinchuan, Ninghsia, older judicial workers were found to be
back and in their thinking, and were ordered to correct their thoughts. Chungking
announced (Aug. 29) that the judicial reform movement would start locally Sept. 1,
with cadres being trained to correct olc, judicial concepts and establish new ones
based on Marxism-Leninism.
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UNCI1 `'i 1)
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8. (,3c) Strengthening Party Controls:
Shanghai announced (Aug. 29) that the local radio would start broadcasting a one-
hour program "to strengthen the study of political theories of cadres," and "to
satisfy the demands of the masses for more political studies."
Peking announced (Aug. 25) that the Central Government Council had issued a
directive on the strengthening of OPeople's Informers' Offices" and the organiza-
tion of People's supervisory correspondents. The JEN MIN JIH PAO was quoted as
saying that a cart driver, Chang Shun-yu, had been punished for making accusations
against a counterrevolutionary, though finally exonerated and rewarded. The new
regulations would offer better protection to informers,
Wuhan stated (Aug. 25) that a local meeting had been called to discuss people's
letters and complaints, with the Police Bureau announcing that any persons taking
revenge against informers would be punished. Wuhan reported (Aug. 27) that two
Central and South Government depa.r'tme 's had appointed 159 supervisory reporters.
Sian announced (Aug, 28) that 150 supervisory reporters had been named locally.
9, (3e) Agricultural Remoldingg
Shanghai reported (Axg. 29) that a northern Kiangsu experiment station had
demonstrated an electrical irrigation system to handle 1,000 mou of land. Accord-
ing to Tihua (Aug, 25) the Wuyi and Tengnanchiang State Farms of Sinkiang, with
the aid o People's Liberation Army units, produced Vheat yields up to 1,000
catties per moat Tihua added (Aug. 27) that a farmers' meeting attended by 620
persons had called for a general struggle against landlords?
Peking reported (Aug. 28) that the Ministry of Agriculture had decided to start in
the Northeast and convert a certain percentage of the farm land to mechanized
farming each year, as it had been found that mechanization was retarded through the
backwardness of peasants and cadres.
10, (4) Border Minoritiesg
Tihua said (Aug.. 25) that minority groups in Sinkiang were studying the Central
Government law on Minority Autonomy, and had promised to "build a new Sinkiang
under the lead(?-,rship of the Chinese Communist Party'" Tihua added (Aug. 27)
that medical units of the P'eople's Liberation Army had given free medical service
to 30,000 in the Iii Special District, and organized several classes for midwives.
Kunming reported (Aug. 27) that cadres in the Lunchuang Special District, Yunnan,
had been. "ordered to assume responsibility for the interminority clash which broke
out there." Such clashes were the result of hatreds developed during the
Kuomintang regimeq and must be eliminated by promotion of racial harmony and
improvement of the economic status,
mild PLSSIFIED
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