GENERAL: HEMISPHERIC COORDINATION OF THE COMMUNIST MOVEMENT SPECIFIC : COMMUNIST ACTION PROGRAM DEVELOPED AT THE MOSCOW CELEBRATION OF NOVEMBER 1957

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-00915R000900020001-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 20, 1998
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: April 11, 1958
• Content Type: MEMO

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ii April 1958
SUBJECT: Ceuerzzl:7..?..ernispher.ic Coon, /nation. of C.Ile
lvl ove.rne
"Mesa a.. WI.
It Fir ER."LNCE:
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Party Action Pr.og7am de
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Summary: At the, Celebration of the 40th Anniversa,ry of the
Bolshevilt 13,evolution in MQSCCW in November 1957, an action
program for the Latin American CP's was planned landci-!:r Soviet
Cornmunis?;; Party direction. Streso was plated on improving
regional coordination and fraternal support among the CP;
strengthening the Peace Movement; and planning anti-imperialist
cultural and economic campaigns. For this purpose, several
confere.mces were planned. Thi's memorandum serves to alert
to the present status the program and other develop-
ments relating to coordination of Communis ? ?-1
Lin November 1937, Latin American Communist Par;i7 dslegat.z:;.s
to the 40th Anz?vereary Celebration of the Bolshevik Revoku?;;Ion.
Mo3cow partici?tri 7.21 two wellorganized secret ineetinflo. (I) a
plenary :3 essicr. of :presentative s of 65 Coxnrnunistr,.arshrou
out the world, z.t vz?hic.11 SUSLOV of the cpsu emphaied the danger.s
of war, the importan.co of the Peace Movement, and the nfeci to aid
CP's in the colonial and serni-colonial countries in their struggle
against United Stas economic interests; (2) a regional session,
presided over by th.?-. CP:3TJ's Latin ..kmerican specialist ("50/01,0vH
and attended by Chi,s7; :uld all Latia American delegates,
session approved ,7.in aCaon program calling for incresed ezoo-fdine/lon
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and fraternal support among the Latin American CP's, as indicated
in the following paragraphs. (NOTE: It is believed probable that
the "SIVOLOV" who presided over the regional meeting is one
SIVOLOBOV. Clarification of the identity is desired. Information
on SIVOLOBOV is given below in paragraph 9 c.)
2. At the regional session, Comrnunists from Guatemala, Cuba,
Chile, Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil reported on the situation in
their respective areas, the Guatemalan reporting for the Central
American, the Caribbean, and the Mexican CP's. "SIVOLOV" then
spoke, criticizing the Latin American parties for their lack of
solidarity, stating that the last week of January should be declared a
"week of solidarity with the Cuban people," and that efforts should be
made to liberate Jesus FAR1A (then imprisoned in Venezuela).
"SIVOLOV" declared that the CP's should werk to increase anti-
American sentiment, that the Peace Movement should be revived and
a Peace Conference held in Argentina in mid-1958, that a "Conference
of the North" should be held to include parties from Panama to
Canada, that a "conference in defense of culture" should be held to
coincide with the next OAS Conference, and that an economic confer-
ence of "all forces capable of opposing imperialism" should be held.
The status of the CTAL was also discussed and its possible replace-
ment by two organizations -- one in the north and one in the south --
was proposed.
3. The presence of the Chinese delegate(s) (whose identities are
unknown) at the regional session was undoubtedly associated with the
increased responsibility assumed by CP China for aiding the Latin
American CP's. At some time during the Moscow meetings, plans
were made for the training of Latin American Communists in the
USSR and China. The Panamanian CP was alloted two training slats
(one in the USSR and one in China) and some ten or more training
slots in China for Central Americans were apparently approved.
Contradictory reports have been received concerning which parties
will send trainees to China, and all of the Central American countries
have been mentioned as having been allocated training slots. One
usually reliable source reports that o-ily four countries (Costa Rica,
Panama, El Salvador, and Ecuador) are involved, each of which will
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send three trainees to China for a sea sion beginning in April; a
second session later in the year for other countries is possible, It
is known, however, that Panama is sending only one trainee. Travel
arrangements apparently have been made through Mexico, although it
has been reported that the trainees were to travel separately from
each country,
4. Preparations for the "Conference of the North", which
"SIVOLOV" declared was absolutely necessary, were initiated
immediately upon the return to Mexico of top Cuban and Mexican
Communist leaders. The conference was held clandestinely in
Mexico on 26 and 27 March 1958, and was attended by the following
delegates: Mexico: Dionisio ENCINA, Juan Pablo SAINZ,
Encarnacion VALDEZ; Guatemala: Hugo BARRIOS Klee, Victor
Manuel GUTIERREZ, Carlos ALVARADO Jerez; Costa Rica: Rodolfo
GUZMAN; El Salvador: Jorge ARIAS Gomez; Panama: Jose Rafael
HILL; Venezuela: Eduardo MACHADO; Cuba: Joaquin ORDOQUI
and two others ("Francisco" mu, and "Chicho" mu), The Nicaraguan
and Honduras parties sent written statements concerning the situation
and views of their parties. Although it was indicated that the partici-
pation of the CPUSA and CP Canada (Labor Progressive Party) at
this conference was approved in Moscow, ENCINA and CRDOQUI, the
conference organizers, wanted to limit participation to Latin American
parties only. It is probable, however, that representatives of these
parties may meet separately in Mexico with the top conference
organizers and such a meeting with CPUSA re res
been planned.
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5. The agenda of the Northern CP Conference concerned the
various points of the action program discussed in Ivioscow. Nicanor
ALVAREZ Rodriguez, a Cuban Communist, traveled to various
countries 1.n February to brief the CF's on plans for the Conference.
Assignmeats were made to various parties for preparation of repons
on various points on the agenda, which were mimeographed for use
at the coaference, then subsequently all destroyed with the exception
of the single copies to be forwarded to the USSR. The significant
recommendations made at the conference included:
a. That the CTAL be continued, vritb, headquarters in Mexico9
as a means of offsetting the ORIT unless and until a single
hemispheric labor organization can be established, but
that a complete interparty discussion on strengthening the
CTAL should be held at the next CTAL anniversary celebra-
tion., in preparation for which each party should prepare
a detailed written report,
b. That the peace struggle is the moat important single effort
of international Communism, and that its main purpose is
to weaken the United States economy, allegedly based
fundamentally on war production. That the previous
emphasis on national peace committees should be dropped
in favor of working through all available media and fronts
subject to party influence or direction, and that each party
should send one delegate, empowered to make commit-
ments, to the Argentine Peace Congress (to be held during
the first two weeks of May 1958) where the initial steps in
hemispheric coordination of the propaganda campaign will
take place. If this should prove impractical, the coordina-
tion of the campaign will be discussed at the World Peace
Congress in Stockholm in July.
co That expanded trade with the Soviet bloc should be advocated
on the basis that a greater and more competitive market
provides a higher return, lessens dependence on the US
economy, and reduces need for artificial limitation of
production.
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d. That an office be established in Mexico City to receive
and disseminate con:rnents and reports of the CF's of he
Northern Zone of Latin America., and that it is desirable
to exchange party tlieectors occasionally. (The Cu.ban
delegates clairneal that they had a full-time party leader-
ship school in oneration and offered to tale students from
other parties.)
6. The status of the CP's oi Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and
Peru with respect to regional coordination hair, been somewhat ambig-
uous, teid the possibility of a third regiona1 grouping in Latin America
must be considered in view of a report that Pedro SAAD of CID Ecuador
was given "international retponsibilities" while attending the 40th
Anniversary Celebration, and that he may begin to direct the Commun-
ist movement in these countries. As indicatedeehove,: Venezuela was
represented at the Northern CP Conference of March 1958 in. Mexico,
but the CP Colombia reportedly preferred to remain linked i';01 the
south.ein Latin American CPIs, Unfortunately, there ie no information
concerning the parties attending the most recent Conference of the
Southern CF's held in Argettina ,see paragraph 7).
7.. The holding of a Peace Conference in Argentina was decided
upon at the regional session in Moscow, after "SIVOLOV" stated that
it was absolutely necessary to reaffirm and revive Peace Movement.
Originelly set for "mi-l95', and more recently planned for Ray 1953,
the discussion at the Northern CP Conference mentioned above indicated
that it will now be held during the first two weeks of May: At Moscow,
the prenarations for the Conference were an-signed to the CP Argentina,
althouga it appears that in the ncrth arrangements are being coordi-
nated by CP Mexico. It is of interest that the Cnban delegatee to the
Northern CP Conference, who led the diecuseion of the Peace Move-
ment, mentioned that they had recently attended a "Congress of ?
Communist Parties of South America" held in Argentina. It may be
assumed that the time of the Peaze Conference WILt S probably decided
at this meeting. It is probanle, moreover, that the resolutions of the
Northern CP Conference concerning the Peace Movement (see
paragreph 5) represent concurrence with plans already agreed upon by
the Soueliern Latin American CP 'a.
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i3. The conference "in defense of cultiere" szd the e_eonernic
conference "ci all forces capable of opposing inipozialism", both.
diacrseed at the Moscow eession., are still im the early planning,
stages. At the recent Northern CP Conference, the posEibLity o.f a,
"People's Conference", eimilar to those head ir. Bandung and Caire,
was diecueeed.. The Cuban delegat.ss stated that the CP' n el Braeell,
Argent...na, and Chile were eespcnsf.ble for organizing it, bue
nothing concrete had yet been aceornplished.. In geneeal, Cienernemist
efforts to attract non-Communist liberals ;Teed nationaliste t-erone.
new fronts or cot.eerences defenee of neeee, nationkel. indeprendeneee
democratic libertes, and other such elogans ha.ve all been ,fezy
unsuccessful in recent yeer3. ilowevere it is evident frore the
criticisms leveled at the Latin ArtleriCaM. Communists by "SLVOLOV"
that they aeellOW under gre eter nressure feorn 1403COW to ae:corrip7i.ich
something in this field, an the deteriorating vzonornic situietion
many couzte'ees combined IY.rith changes in the political picture le, g..
Argentna, Venezuela, Colombia) may encourage them and improve
their c2Sances for bolding hemispheric or regional front confeeencee,
or for .-.'.nfilteating and inilzmacing non-Communist coeferences each
as the :!.riternational Congrevs of Americaniets, scheduled for Coeta
Rica in July 1956, In view of the Soviet plans to intensify the. Peece
Movement and of the increae,,ed activity of Latin Aznerican Peace
Movement leaders in peripheral activities and new ironte (e.g. ,
Inetituto Colo-mbieno de Coe.pereenion Internnctonal), is prohnb7nt thee;
the scheduled Peace Coragrese in lergent-;_na, apart from its evert
propagezide. accorriplishreierets, will be the occasion foe further leig:ne
level p"...enning with respect the development of the euleeral end
economic olfeneive,
'."1 For example, the ''Confeleace of Latin .A.enerican Countries in
Defense of Freedom" hel=2 in Chile in August 1955 was a ff-illere; the
formation of the "Alianza deFitriotas de America Latina contra el
Colonialisnao e Ineperiali.:.mo" announced in January 1957 ;.n Mexico
has not yet materialized, as is also the caoe with the "Frotte
LatitoEn_erl..2.2or Ia Soberania y la Autodeterminaceon de los
Pueblos", which was proeosecl in Argentina in early 1957.
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9. In ath,ition to the action e?rograrn approved ai reeia,led _
eeesion in Moscow, there are concomitant developments in the Lid
01' ::egional coordination of Communist. activities in which Headquarter?
is 41130 vitally interected. Among the most important are those relating
to the coordination oi. the labor movement, the youth movement, and
the coordination of Communiot press and information activities.
a. The label:. movement: The pciaeible reorganization of the 25X1A2g
CTAL has been the subject of. a previous
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there has been no definitive reorganienatien or resolution
of the zonflicts within the organization. Strengthening the
CTAL was discussed at the regional session in Moscow,
the Cuban deaegate favoring 'zilch a course, while the
Ar tine delegate suggested it be abolished. Its,replace -
relent by two oega.nizations (one in the north and one in the
south) was also discussed. The session clid approve a
Chilean proposal to attempt to have CUTCH (Confederacion
Unica de Trabajadores Chilenoe) invite representatives
from all national and international labor organizations
(e, g, WFTU, ICFTU, CTAL, ORIT, CIO-AFL) to its
next national congress. The CUTCH is not affiliated with
any international. labor organization.
b. The Toutil :noverr3ent: In January 1958, Otto Cesar VARGAS
Giretti, an Argentine representative .of the World Federa-
tion of Deenocratic Youth (WFDY) traveled to various Latin
Amenican tountries to discuss plans for a Latin American
yottra corteresa to be held possibly in Mexico or Brazil. In
Costa Rica, VA?TICAS also reportedly dioeuased the infiltra-
tion and leiluencing of the International Cengress of
A4-nerieariots, to be held there in July, Raul E.
FERNA.NDEZ, a Cuban WFDY secretary, also traeoled
extensively in Latin America in December, contacting
youth greups. Currently, plans for the VII World Youth
Festival have already been initiated by a elanning commis-
sion which includes Clernentino N. do CAZWALHO of Brazil,
Ignacio MENA Duque of Mexico, and Nelson YEPEZ M, of
irrenui
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motimmipAseestippem
01-Ir.:of/a GOIVIEZ: a B Uin w:,:to Lezld
Cz3r.,.23.-nissicncfVale, ',7170.07
i.tation7.2.1thota South America in late Snr.4.uary
ir,abruars, 1958.
Ce T11-M11a Ct cf CYZ:Zaa-unii.it az-Al pre4n
11(.:;it'i.ss Las beon. par.I7,..r1y apparent sinc,) Fmterr,
./Teeti?Dg, ef 7.kmrnalishl .Eolatuki L-2 ,..Fur).a. 1956:
17iy. the IT2..ex7.7trzti,..;.-71 Organization cf 3,:fax-r..taltf;t3
This -.ras attendel'a .""It one
nhv..3 C;71 tWO: Peruvian*, one
p 2,) sibly other Lzin ArnerLcan jottr.m.7,:tists. The
.10S, ;is C or.-amtva t ant. Anurz.,..ber of the Latin American.
erd tisth.Z. g, Cc u1tCh
aft'zr.r. the Congress, and sorize fsuch as Cenaro CARNERO
Checa.f Peru) 1-.tave reillrned to -their native c'auz:Itries* to
creasingly active.ta the press field,. A meeting
cf Latin ..Azn.erican Joann:lists linked with the 105 may b.ave
bec.,nb1;.-.sd by Perergan governrnent action in My 1957, but
it- ES possible thati-..i.terz.ksitionslr.aoetinge -have bilorg held by
Cezamunists attg otler:prcse congresses. For e,,...-araple?
in Soptember 1957, the President og the 105 (Ur iC e
I!LZLZ1N; atteild:7;r1 the 7th National Coziferect,:: of Brazil -
Inn Journalists, according to the official 1'7.03 ,srgan, and al
tac-; thim ccz,lierc.'7...?ce a meeting was s:::.onsored by
c'edels2;ates viho had attend?.d the Helsinki cer_d'erence
La.1.13 SUARZZ, LuisLu F21311 rt ram Ira rais,
BIELTP,A0),, Cortain cilljectives
ieve d.? Auct7zej e:zar.o.ple uce,p the non -C",' orazI.milt IS t
'congressof ate Me:.,:icz.-Ln 9:,,d;caf-oNact & PriorDstps
in.3anuary 19540 v./hist-2 sod as the ocoasior: for a meeting
of .a -pro-Corarrawr-i:st group seeking to develop greater re-
gional coordination.. This congress was preceded by the
arivizl i Mgr.:zico fal late. 1957 of Vastly Mikhallovich
CITICZ-7210V, a Pravda representative and reportedly a Latin
.AiTle.VECE.11. S'Xp3S: . CIECHECOV COD.farred with Gerardo
'UNZU2.3TA and Meauel '111IllAZAS of the CP :.:Ienico as well
no non-Con-uramist journolists and visited
a
efeeMigigioproramia6--"" ?
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institutions regarding Mexican economic, social, an.d
cultural problems. After his S =27 in Me:di::o he roportcidly
was to make a tour through some of the Latin. Ai-nerican
countries. Concurrently, anothar Soviet writer,
Konstantin SIMONOV, a former vice presilent of the I0J,
arrived in Montevideo at the. head of a delegation which
intended to study cultur.a/ activities s.nd establish friendly
relations with youth and intellectuvls. SIMONOV's delega-
tion. included X. CHUQUNOV, chief of the P..xnerican. secon.
of VOItS. More recently, a group of twelve Soviets (ten
journalists, two interpreters) have sought to obtain vi3a1.3
to enter Argentin:. (and presumably other Latin American
countries). Of this grout), a 11,xunbe.r are sus. ected of
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