COMMUNIST DELEGATES TO THE 19TH SOVIET PARTY CONGRESS

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• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP78-00915R000200210006-0
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• Document Release Date: September 23, 1998
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ALBANIA
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COMMUNIST DELEGATES TO THE 19th SOVIET PARTY CONGRESS
PARTY
POSITION
HOXHA, Enver Sec. Gen. Party
MARKO, Rita C. C.
ALGERIA
BOUHALI, Larby
ARGENTINA
CODOVILLA,
Victor
AUSTRALIA
SHARKEY,
Lawrence
AUSTRIA
KOPLENIG?
Johann
FUERNBERG?
Friedl
Secretary
Pres. Mem. CC.
Exec. Comm. Top
Communist
Sec. Gen.
Mem. Secretariat2
Politburo CC
Sec. Gen,
HAIDER, Franz Mem, Secretariat,
Politburo CC
BELGIUM
LALMAND, Edgar Sec, Gen,
GLINEUR? Georges Mem, Bureau
Politique
PONCELET? Mem, Central
Edgard Committee
BULGARIA
CHERVENKOV,
Vulko
CHANKOV,
Georghi
ZHIKOV,
Todor
Sec, Gen,
Politburo
Politburo
GOVERNMENT
POSITION
Premier
Premier
Vice-Premier
FORMER COMINTERN
POSITION
Praesidium 1927,
Chief Latin Ameri-
can Secretariat
1927-1929
E C C I ? 1935
ECC119,21-28-
35, Presidium
Teacher at Lenin
School, Member
'"Austrian Commu-
nists in Moscow",
1943
Politburo
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?mmmmiliiitomm.
BULGARIA
DULBOKOV,
Savn
PAPAZOV,
Nacho
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COMMUNIST DELEGATES TO
THE 19th SOVIET PARTY CONGRESS
PARTY
POSITION
BURMA
THAN TUN, Thakin
CANADA
MORRIS, Leslie Mem. Executive
Comm.
CHINA
LIU, Shao-chi
JAO, Shu-shih
CH'EN, I
WANG, Chia-hsiang
LIU, Chang-sheng
LI, Fu-ch'un
COSTA RICA
VALVERDE, Eduard
HERRERAp Garcia Adolfo
GOVERNMENT FORMER CON INTERN
POSITION POSITION
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
(Sec. Gen.)
President-Gov.
ECCI 1928-35?
Praesidium
GOTTWALD, Chairman
Klement
1929-35, Polito
Secretariat 1935
ZAPOTOCKY, Antonin
Politburo Mem.;
Premier
ECCI 1924,1928
Party Sec.
1935
SIROKY? Vii tam
Politburo Mem.;
Min. For.
ECCI 1935
Party Sec.
Affairs
CHILE!
VERGARA, L.
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ammyympopms
DENMARK
LARSEN,
Aksel
JENSEN,
Alfred
FINLAND
AALTONEN,
Alma
PESSI, Ville
RYOMA Mauri
HAUTALA, Arvo
LEKTINEN
Inkeri
FRANCE
LECOEUR,
Auguste
GUYOT, Raymond
THOREZ,
Maurice
VERMEERSCH,
Jeannette
COGNIOT,
Georges
GARAUDY, Roger
GERMANY
PIECK,
Wilhelm
GROTEWOHL?
Otto
COMMUNIST DELEGATES TO THE 19th SOVIET PARTY CONGRESS
PARTY
POSITION
Chairman CP
Vice-Chairman CP
Chairman CP
Gen, Sec.
Assistant to
Her tta KUUSINEN
Central
Committee, CP
Mem. Bureau
Politique
Sec. Gen.
Mem. Central
Committee
& Bureau Politique
Mem, C. C.
Mem, C. C.
C. C. Chairman
SED
C. C. of SED?
Mem. Politburo
GOVERNMENT FORMER COMINTERN
POSITION POSITION
President
ICC - 1925
Co-signer of
Comintern
Dissolution
Decree 1943
ECCI - 1935
Praesidium
1935p Seca Gen?
YCI 1936
ECCI- 1928-35
Praesidium
1931-35
ECCI 1928-35
Praesidium
1931-35, Pol-
itical Sec.
1935, Teacher
at M School
?mglIMOMMINImms
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COMMUNIST DELEGATES TO THE 19th SOVIET PARTY CONGRESS
GERMANY PARTY GOVERNMENT FORMER COMINTERN
POSITION POSITION POSITION
ULBRICHT, Sec. Gen,
Walter CC SED ECCI? 1928-35p
Natal Comm.
of Free Germany
Moscow 1943
SCHMIDT, Elli Mem. CC
Candidate
for Politburo
HONECKER, Mem. CC Candidate
Erich . for Politburo
WIRTH, Erich Candidate for CC
GROSSMANN,
Ernst
GREAT BRITAIN
POLLITT,
Harry
Sec. Gen, CP
GOLLAN, Assistant Editor
John of Daily Worker
GREECE
ECCI, 1924-35p
Praesidium
1924-35 Com-
intern Rep. to
USA 1929
ZACHARIADES? Sec. Gen. ECCI - 1935
Mikos Sec. of Balkan
Comm. Fed, 1935
BARTZIOTAS,
Vassilios
HUNGARY
RAKOSI, Matyas Sec. Gen. CP; Premier EC01-19199 1935
Politburo
GER?, Erno Politburo Min, State; Lived or visited
Pres. People's often in USSR for
Econ. Council 20 years. Inter-
national Brigade
in Spain
HIDAS Istvan CC & Orgburo,
Sec. Gen.
Budapest CP
'mmmgmegri
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COMMUNIST DELEGATES TO THE 19th SOVIET PARTY CONGRESS
ICEL.A.ND
BJARNASON2
Brynjolfor
OLGIERSSON,
Einor
JAKOBSON?
Aki
SIGURHJARTARSON2
Sigfus
INDIA
BHADURI2
Panachuyopal
GHOSH? Ajoy
GOPALAN2 A.K.
IRAN
RADMANESH2
Reza
TABARI2 ghsan
BOQUERATI2
Mahmoud
GHASSEMI?
Ahmad
FORTUAN?; Gholan
Husein
ISRAEL
TUMA2 Amil
NAQQARAH, Hanna
MIKUNIS,
Samuel
TOU9T,
Tewfik
ITALY
LONG02 Luigi
GRIECO2
Rugger()
PARTY
POSITION
Chairman
Parliamentary
Chairman
Prominent West
Bengal Communist
Sec. Gen.
Parliamentary Sec.
Sec. Gen.
Mem. C.C.
Mem. Investigat-
ing Committee
Sec. Gen.
Vice-Sec. Party
Mem. Directorate
GOVERNMENT FORMER COMINTERN
POSITION POSITION
Political Commission
1933. Gen. Sec. of
Intern. Brigade in
Spain 1936-37
CI representatives,
France and Belgium,
19272 ECCI 1928-35
Possible member of
WEB
mILIEWEri
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COMMUNIST DELEGATES TO THE 19th SOVIET PARTY CONGRESS
ITALY
MONTAGNANA,
Rita
INGRAO Pietro
BONAZ9 Enrico
ROBOTTI,
Paolo
KOREA
PAK9 Chong Ae
PAK9 Yong Pin
PAEK, Hol
KIM, II
PAK9 Kum Chol
PARTY
POSITION
Mem. Directorate
GOVERNMENT
POSITION
Mem. Central
Committee
Mem. Central
Committee
Can. Mem. C.C.
Vice-Chief,
Central Press &
Propaganda Comraission
Sec. Gen.
Vice-Min,, Nat?1
Defense
Cultural Dep.
Comdr.
LUXEMBURG
URBANY, Dominique :Sec. Gen.
MEXICO
TERRAZAS,
Manuel
ENCINA9,
Dionisio
ALVAREZ-
MOLASCO, Ernesto
Lazarro
MONGOLIA
DAMBA 9 D.
NETHERLANDS
Sec. Gen. (name
listed by Pravda as
being present but
signs greetings sent
to Congress)
Chairman of the Great
Peoples Hurul of Mon-
golia
FORMER COMINTERN
POSITION
Instructor at
Antifa Schools
during World War
II; PCI rep.
WAGENAAR, Chairman
Gerben -6-
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, Paul 5ec. uen. 411.1.11111
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COMMUNIST DELEGATES TO THE 19th SOVIET PARTY CONGRESS
NORTH PARTY GOVERNMENT FORMER COMINTERN
KOREA POSITION POSITION POSITION
KO Chan Po Observer to Congress
KIM Chan Observer to Congress
NORWAY
LOVL1EN9 Emil Chairman ECCI - 1935
STRAND-JOHANSSEN Vice-Chairman
Johann
RUMANIA
GREORGHIU- Sec. Gen, Premier CP Rep. to
DEJ, Gheorge Comintern
BODNARAS, Emil Politburo Min. Nat'l (Balkan Secre-
Defense tariat) 1932-44.
NKVD training.
Grad. Lenin Sch.
MOGHIOROS
Alesandru
CHISINEVSCHI9 Sec. C.C. Vice-Premier
Iosif
SPAIN
IBARRURI9 Sec. Gen. ECCI-1935
Dolores
CARRILIO9
Santiago
URIBE9 Vicente
SWEDEN
HAGBERG Chairman & Parlia-
Hilding mentary leader
KARLSSON9 Gen. Sec.
Erik
LAGER9 Fritjof
SWITZERLAND
VINCENT9 Jean Paul
WOOG2 Edgar Mem. of Political Mem. of
Secretariat Parliament
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SYRO-IEBANESE
BAKDASH?
Khalid
AL-HILU?
Mustafa
BANNA, Wasfi
MADOYAN? Ar tin
AGHABASHIAN,
Ohannes
AMAR, Jamil
TRIESTE
TOMINEC?
Bonomo
TURKEY
BILEN? Thu
URUGUAY
ARISMENDI?
Rodney
VENEZUELA.
MACHADO -
MORALES,
Gustavo
COMMUNIST DELEGATES TO THE 19th SOVIET PARTY CONGRESS
PARTY
POSITION
Sec. Gen,
GOVERNMENT
POSITION
Central Committee Secretariat
Propaganda Sec0
possibly next Sec.
Gen,
BOLANQS, S.
UNION OF YUGOSLAV PATRIOTS
POPIVODA?
Pero
Chairman
-8-
FORMER COMINTERN
POSITION
Lived in USSR co
1929-34, Graduate
of Lenin School,
Member of Latin
American & Cari-
bbean Bui-eau
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APPENDIX B
COMPARISON OF NEW AND OLD STATUTES
Character and Role of the Party
1. The word "Bolsheviks" has been dropped from the name of the
Party. It is explained that the duplication of the same meaning ?
"Communist", "Bolsheviks" --was now no longer necessary. This is
reasonable on its face, but it fails to explain the significance of the
word "Bolshevik" and why it was retained for many years after it
seemed to have lost its distinction.
The word "Bolshevik" was retained in 1939 probably because it stood,
not only as an emotional symbol, but also, because it served as a constant
reminder of the principles of organization for which it was first used. These
principles concerned the role of the Party:
(1) The principle of the dictatorship of the proletariat (working-class
and the leading role of the Party;
(2) The inclusion of peasant: problems in the Party program;
(3) Right of national self-determination;
(4) The monolithic, militant, and disciplined Party organization,
composed of carefully selected members, each fulfilling a specific
task;
(5) The select quality of the members of the Central Committee.
If these principles have changed, then the word Bolghevik has lost
its meaning. Conversely, the dropping of the word as redundant indicates
that the principles which it symbolized are no longer valid; that is, that in
all, or in major respects, the role and character of the Party is different
from what it was in 1939. Possible jealousy on the part of the post-revolutionary
group of bureaucratic Communists towards the psychological symbolism of the
term must also be recognized. There are very few of the "old Bolsheviks"
left.
2. The definition of the Party has changed. From "the organized
vanguard of the working class," it has become "a voluntary militant union
of Communists holding the same views, formed of people of the working class,
the toiling peasantry, and the toiling intelligentsia."
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3. Several other references in 1939 statites to the "vanguard" role
of the Party -- its "leadership," its "militancy," "unity," and "guiding"
character -- are reduced in the new statutes to the declaration that ?
"At present, the major tasks of the CP consist in building a
Communist Society by way of a gradual transition from Socialism
to Communism, in the steady rise of the material and cultural
standards of the Society, in rearing the members of the society
in the spirit of internationalsm in the establishing of fraternal
ties with the workers of all countries, and in an all-around
strengthening of the active strengthening of the active defense
of the Soviet country against the aggressive actions of its enemies."
4. The most obvious difference between the 1939 and the 1952 ?
statutes is the playing down of the idea of combativeness in the new statutes.
This is explainable from the statement that the capitalists and landlords
have been liquidated and that the construction of Socialist Society has
been assured. There is, in order words, no more class enmity; hence, a
"softening" of the fighting theme.
5. Less obvious, but still evident is that the position of the Party
vis-a-vis (1) the various classes; (2) outside organizations and institutions
has changed. In the 1939 statutes, the Party was pictured as standing
both outside and above the classes (although as a part ? the "vanguard" ?
of one of the classes, the proletariat): it led the classes. It was also
outside and above the non-Party organizations and institutions: it guided
them.
In the 1952 statutes, the Party is much more closely imbedded in
the Society: the Party's main tasks are identified with those of Soviet
Society as a whole.
6. In 1939, the establishment of Socialism was not regarded as being
complete, and the Party's leadership role was aimed at "consolidation of
the dictatorship of the working class, for the consolidation and development
of the socialist system." In 1952,, this is regarded as firmly established, and
the task of the Party is to work for the "gradual transition from Socialism to
Communism." An eleven-man Commission to revise the Party program
w s elected on 13 October. The first revision of the program since 1919, the
recommendations of the Commission should cast additional light on the
character and role of the Party. The commission is headecj by Stalin, and
includes four Politburo members, MOLOTOV, MALENKOV, BERIA,
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KAGANOVICH; also, P.N. POSPELOV, Director of the Marx-Engels-Lenin
Institute; Pavel YUDIN, a leading Party theoretician and chief editor of the
Cominform Journal; Otto KUUSINEN, A, M, RUMYANTSEV, M. Z. SABUROV,
and D.I. CHESNIKOV,
7, Membership. Qualifications for membership remain substantially
unchanged over the 1939 provisions. The new statutes contain some refine-
ments. The achievement of a single working class (of industrial workers,
farm workers, mental workers) and the end of class exploitation is spelled
out by the following: "any worker, a Soviet citizen not exploiting anyone's
labor... , may become a member of the Party." Instead of merely
"accepting the program of the Party" and "submitting to its decisions," the
prospective member must now actively help in the realization of the
program and statutes, and implement all decisions.
8. Duties of the Party Member. These have been made more specific
and more personal than in 1939. Discipline, vigilance, loyalty, objectivity
in appointing others to jobs, and the encouragement of "criticism from
below," by-passing lower Party organs, and "safeguarding public Socialist
property," are all strongly emphasized. Whereas only four duties were
listed in 1939, eleven are listed in the new statutes. Observance of State
discipline, in addition to Party discipline, is more strongly brought out
than it was in the 1939 Statutes. Throughout the statutes and in many of the
speeches, this emphasis on observance of State discipline runs like a red
thread. The idea of State discipline is, of course, not new. It was mentioned
in the 1939 statutes. The emphasis, however, is much stronger now than
before. It constitutes the bulk of Krushchev's speech on the new statutes.
Inclusion of the duty to encourage "criticism from below" and "to report
to leading Party bodies, up to the Central Committee of the Party, short-
comings in work, irrespective of the persons involved," will have two
effects: (1) it turns the Party into a total network of spies and informers;
(2) it tends to undermine the authority of lower Party organs. These
provisions reflect a frequent complaint at the Congress that many comrades
were lax or bureaucratic or high-handed towards subordinates.
() Rights of Party Members.
No significant changes.
10. Admission to Membership. No significant changes.
11. Punishments. The new statutes omit the 1939 provision that
expulsions and reinstatements shall be published in the local Party press.
They do provide a new kind of punishment: reduction to the status of
candidate for a period of up to a year. This punishment must be approved
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, by the Kral or Town Party Committee. As in 1939, removal from the CC, or
expulsion from the Party of a CC member, can be done only by a two-thirds'
vote of the CC in plenary session,
Most linportant, however, is the new provision that a member of a
lower Party committee also, can be expelled only by a two-thirds' vote
of this committee, and not by the Primary Organ to which he belongs, as
was previously the case.
Finally, the increased emphasis on the State is apparent in the new
provision that "a Party member(who) has committed an offense punishable
by the courts, 0.. is expelled from the Party on receipt of the reports on
his misdeed from the administrative or the judicial authorities."
It should be noted that the wording of this provision provides for no
recourse: expulsion is automatic. This places potentially enormous
power in the hands of the Government apparatus, and not only the judicial,
but administrative authorities, as well,
12, Candidate Members. No substantial changes, except that the
probationary period for admission of candidate members to full membership
is lengthened from one year to eighteen months. It is emphasized in the
new Statutes that the Party must act on candidates, either temporarily
lengthening their probation for good cause, or dropping them, This was
reflected during the Congress when the complaint was made that some
Party organizations were very remiss on passing on candidates who had
exceeded the probationary period. It was claimed that some, who had
proven themselves, were held in a candidate status indefinitely while some
clearly unfit carzlidates were never dropped,
13, Inner -Party Democracy, No substantial change. Policy discussion
must be organized so that, among other things, it does not lead to "attempts
at splitting which may shake the strength and stability of the Socialist
system." The 1939 statutes had it: "strength and firmness of the dictator-
ship of the working class."
140 Party Structure, Articles 26-27 of the old statutes, describing
the territorial organization of the Party, and enumerating the administrations
and departments of the Central Committee apparatus, were omitted from
the new Statutes.
15, Party Congress. The Congress is to be convened every four
years, instead of every three, as formerly.
The fiction that the Congress "acts" upon reports of the CC and other
leading organs has been abandoned. The Congress now "hears and confirms"
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these reports. All-Union Conferences are no longer provided for. It was
explained by Krushchev that Congresses and plenary sessions of the CC were
sufficient to take up "topical questions."
16. The Central Committee, The CC is now to meet in plenary session
every six months, instead of every four months, as previously.
Candidate members of the CC now have "a consultative vote," whereas
they previously had a "voice but no vote." The difference is obscure.
As before, the CC sets up the Committee of Party Control (formerly,
Party Control Commission), the Central Auditing Committee, and the
Secretariat. It also organizes a Presidium, whereas before, it set up a
Political Bureau and an Organization Bureau. These two bodies no longer
exist.
17. Presidium. The big change, of course, is the abolition of the
Politburo and the Orgburo and the creation of the Presidium,
The Presidium was set up because the Politburo, originally designed
to guide the Partys "political work,?? had in fact become a super =CC, It
was intended, according to N. S. Krushchev, to recognize this fact by
changing the title to Presidium (i.e. , a collective presidency). The
statutory supremacy of the Presidium is aLknowledged: it shall "control
the work of the Central Committee between plenary sessions."
The Central Committee itself is much too large a body to function
effectively in plenum. The Presidium, also, seems to be too large for an
effective dictatorial organ, As set up by the CC, it consists of 25 members
and 11 candidate members.
?Whether a smaller portion of the Presidium is set aside as the actual
ruling body, or whether the Secretariat will be the actual center of power,
depends largely on whether the Party maintains its old system of centralized
parallel hegemony over the Government, or whether the Government actually
achieves supremacy.
At this point, it should be noted that the Central Committee, which in
the early days, was the effective supreme organ, was deprived of its
power by greatly enlarging it. Stalin himself did this to concentrate power
in the Secretariat in the 1920s, and the effective enlarging of the present
leading organ may have a similar purpose. It will be interesting to see if a
sub organ of the Presidium is created to overcome the difficulties of size.
If this is not done, it may be that either the Secretariat or the Council of
Ministers vill usurp the theoretical power of the Presidium.
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180 Secretariat. The 1939 provisions that the Secretariat, created by
the CC, is responsible for "current work," is clarified by the new statement
that it is "mainly concerned with the organization of verification of the ful-
fillment of the Party's decisions and the selection of cadres."
It is no longer specified that "special secretaries" shall be appointed
for Agitprop and Cadres.
19, Central Committee Apparatus. The provisions for the creation of
specific functional departments under the (Secretariat of the) CC are no longer
included. However, it is provided that the CC
''organizes various Party institutions and controls their function;
appoints editorial boards of central bodies functioning under its
controls and confirms the editorial boards of Party bodies of major
local organizations; organizes and makes preparations having social
significance; distributes the forces and resources of the Party;
and administers the central fund. The Central Committee guides
the work of central councils and public organizations through the
Party group in them."
The authority of the CC to set up functional executive/administrative
departments of all types as before is clearly implied with the above duties.
By enumerating the duties of the CC, it is given more freedom and
flexibility in setting up its apparatus than heretofore.
As before, the CC is empowered to "set up Political Departments
and select Party organizers at given sectors of Socialist construction which
may assume a special importance...." It was under this authority that
the CC in the past established the "production otdels" within the CC apparatus
and corresponding Political Departments in various industrial and defense
ministries. (In both the new and the old statutes, a special article is also
devoted to the Political Departments of the Red Army and Navy and the
Transport system. )
It may be significant that, whereas the old statutes said that such
Political Departments could be set up in "sectors of Socialist Construction
which have acquired special importance for the national economy and the
country in general!' The new statutes refer only to the national economy
of the country as a whole." In other words, Political Departments in
economic ministries and possibly, production otdels, in the CC Apparatus.
20. Committee of Party Control, The Party Control Commission,
until 1939, was elected by the Party Congress. It was reduced to a tool
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mompermrimmi
of the CC during the period when Zhdanov was leading the Party. The new
Statutes even more specifically define the subordination of the Control
Committee to the CC: The Committee of Party Control (as) attached to
the Central Committee of the Party."
The duties of the Committee are both more specific and more limited
under the new statutes.
Discipline of Party members is now related to both Party and State,
whereas before, only Party discipline was mentioned. "Party morals--
deception, . 00 di shone sty, . insincerity,. . slander, ...bureaucracy,
slackness.. ."--are also included as subject to investigation and disciplinary
act on by the Committee.
Under the old Statutes, the work of the Committee vis-a-vis the lower
organs of the Party was stated only generally ("Investigates the work of local
Party organizations.") In the new Statutes, the Committee is to have "its
representatives, independent of local Party bodies, in the krais and ()blasts."
(This represents only the statutory formalization of what was actually
practiced, even though not specifically provided for in the 1939 statutes. )
Another case of formalization of an actual function is that it is now
specified that the Control Committee serves as a court of appeals in cases
of expulsions. The 1939 Statutes did not provide for this, but the old
Control Commission had a Partkollegiya which did serve as a review board
in expulsion cases.
21. Lower Party Organs. No important changes.
No mention is now made of Auditing Commissions at lower levels,
but the term "inspection commission" may indicate simply a change in name.
It may also, of course, mean that the lower Auditing Commissions have
been merged with other checking organs at these levels.
The number of Secretaries in the executive organs of lower organiza-
tions has been reduced to three from the previous "four or five." As explained
by Krushchev, it was felt that a Secretariat could handle day-to-day work
more effectively than could the Bureaus of lower Party Committees. But,
to prevent the Secretariat's usurping the powers of the Bureaus, the number
of Secretaries was reduced and it was required that they report systematically
to the bureaus of the committee at their own level.
The plenary meetings of lower Party Committees have been increased
from once every three months to once every two months.
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. . The importance of criticism and self-criticism, training, vigilance,
and agitprop among the workers is emphasized among the duties of lower
Party organizations. These duties were not specified in the 1939 Statutes.
22, Primary Party Organizations, Party Committees may now be set
up in enterprises where there are over three hundred Party members and
candidates, The previous figure called for was five hundred.
To the former duties of the Primary Organizations have been added
those of improving the level of political education of members and candidates,
and the development of criticism and self-criticism and vigilance,
Krushchev stated that ideological work was often ?"underestimated" and
organized in an unsatisfactory manner,
The size of the bureau of a :Primary Organization has been reduced
from not more than eleven" members, to "not more than six. '
Provisions in the 1939 Statutes for paid functionaries in large Primary
Organizations were omitted from the new Statutes.
23, Komsomol, No substantial changes.
24. Party Organizations in Defense Services and Transport. As
before, the Main Political Administrations of the Army, Navy, Ministry
of Transport, and (new) the Ministries of Merchant Marine and River
Fleet, function as departments of the Central Committee.
Omitted from the 1952 Statutes is the following paragraph of the old
statutes: "The Political Administrations of the Red Army, The Navy, and
the transport system perform their work of guidance through Political
Departments, Military Commissars and Party organizers appointed by
them, and through Party Commissions elected at Army, Navy, and railway
Conferences.
due s.
25, Party Groups in Non-Party Or anizations. No substantial changes.
26, Party Dues. Minor change in the system of calculating members'
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"'"TLICRET,
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APPENDIX C
COMPOSITION OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE
1, The Congress elected 126 full members and 110 alternates.
2. Thirty-eight full members of the old CC were reelected to full
membership. Of these, 14 can be classified as primarily Party workers;
8, as primarily State workers; and 16, as being important in both Party
and State work.
3. Of the 1939 full members, with other changes in membership prior
to the 19th Congress, 12 had died, 1 had been expelled, and 1 had been
reduced to the rank of alternate.
4. Of the former full members, 21 were not reelected, either to
full or alternate status, Of these, 5 were primarily Party workers; 12 were
primarily State workers; and 4 combined both types of activity.
5. Six former full members were reduced to the status of alternate
membership, Of these, 3 were primarily State workers; 3 combined both
State and Party activities.
6. Eight former Alternates were raised to full membership. Of
these, 5 were primarily Party workers; 3 were primarily State workers.
7. Seventy-seven full members are new, having been neither full nor
alternate members before.
8. Of 68 former Alternates, 9 had died and 10 had been expelled
prior to the 19th Congress.
9, Of 14 Alternates who were reelected as Alternates, 10 were
primarily State workers; 3 were primarily Party workers; 1 combined both
types of activity.
10. Seen as a whole, about 70% of the full members of the CC have
come up through Party ranks. Of 140 new members and alternates, 78
are Party careerists and 62 have a background in Government. The pro-
portion of individuals with military assignments has dropped from 14% in
1939 to 11%.
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APPENDIX D
COMPOSITION OF THE PRESIDIUM
1, The Presidium consists of 25 full members and 11 alternates. It
includes as full members all members of the former Politburo, except
for ANDREYEV and KOSYGIN. The latter is an alternate member.
ANDREYEV, former Chairman of the Control Commission, is not included
in any leading organ other than the CC. Eight former members of the
Orgburo are full or alternate members of the Presidium (including 2 who
were also members of the Politburo). Five of the Presidium members
were former members of the Secretariat.
2. Ten full members and seven alternates of the Presidium were not
previously members of a leading organ. Of these, 4 full members and 3 of
the alternates were not even members of the CC before the Congress.
3. Seven of the full members and three of the alternates of the
Presidium are in the new Secretariat. One full member (SHICIRYATOV)
has been promoted from Deputy Chairman to Chairman of the new Control
Committee.
4. Twelve full members and four alternates are on the Council of
Ministers. Six full members hold other important State positions, but are
not in the Council of Ministers. The remainder appear to hold no top
State post; presumably, they are primarily Party bureaucrats.
5. Ministries represented on the Presidium by their Ministers are
the following:
Ministry
Light Industry
Shipbuilding Industry
Agricultural Procurement
State Planning Commission
Ferrous Metal Industry
Building Materials Industry
Foreign Affairs
Finances
Presidium Membership of Minister
alternate
full (V. A.
full (P. K.
full (M. Z
full (I. F.
alternate
alternate
Alternate
(,N. KOSYGIN)
MALYSHEV)
PONOMARENKO)
SABUROV)
TEVOSYAN)
(P. F. YUDIN)
(A. Y. VYSHINSKY)
(A. G. ZVEREV)
The Ministries of Internal Affairs (MVD), State Security (MGB), Foreign
Trade, Internal Trade, and Chemical Industry are represented in the
Presidium by Deputy Chairmen of the Council of Ministers responsible
for them.
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6. There are several important Ministries not represented in the
Presidium. Asterisks mark Ministries not even represented on the CC:
Oil Industry
Agriculture
Armed Forces
Aviation Industry
Labor Reserves
Armaments
War
Navy
Coal Indu t x
' Cotton Growing
Timber Industry
Transport Machinery*
Transportation*
Agricultural Machine Building*
Automobile and Tractor Industry*
Cinematography*
Communications*
Communications Equipment Industry
Construction and Road Building Machine Industry*
Heavy Industry Enterprises
Construction of Machine Building Enterprises
Electrical Industry*
Fish Industry*
Food Industry*
Fore stry*
Geology
Health*
Heavy Machine Building Industry
Higher Education
Justice
Machine and Instrument Making Industry
Machine Tool Construction
Maritime Fleet*
Meat and Dairy Industry*
Non-Ferrous Metallurgy
Paper and Wood Processing Industry
Electric Power Stations
River Fleet
State Control
State Farms*
Food and Material Reserves*
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7. it is evident from the above that no attempt has been made to pull
State functionaries into the Presidium on any scale. The large number of
important rninistriges which are not even represented in the Central
Committee, shows that no real attempt has been made to pull State func-
tionaries into that body.
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APPENDIX E
SOVIET DOMESTIC AFFAIRS
1. Statements by Party leaders exuded confidence in the military
strength and the industrial progress of the USSR.
2. The achievement of Communism was again postponed indefinitely.
Stalin, in the Bolshevik article ("Economic Problems of Socialism"), set
the prerequisites for the achievement of Communism:
1) Continued expansion of basic industries;
2) Nationalization of the collective farms;
3) Replacement of the open market by controlled and planned
exchanges of commodities;
4) Expansion of education: reduction of working day, universal
technical training, increase in real wages.
3. Numerous criticisms were made of State and Party bureaucrats.
Industrial ministries were criticized for failure to develop maximum labor
productivity. Industries were criticized for failure to deliver stipulated
quantities of goods. Some operated on haphazard schedules; others produced
shoddy goods. Shortcomings of agricultural enterprises were sharply
criticized. These criticisms were linked to the emphasis placed upon
Party activities to strengthen discipline and to improve the "selection of
people and verification of fulfillment of decisions."
4. A somewhat amusing sidelight to these criticisms is that so many
of the failings were the result of the difficulty of accurately computing costs in
a planned and controlled economy without a free market. This difficulty was
acknowledged by Stalin in his Bolshevik article. One would think that after
so many years, the Communists would have devised some magic formula
of cost accounting in their totalitarian economy.
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