THE CUBAN AFFAIR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP75-00001R000100260042-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 2, 1998
• Sequence Number: 42
• Publication Date: May 1, 1961
• Content Type: TRANS

AY_ 1 i9?1
itt S. NEWS ANT) Sanitized - ApproveaN ror Kelease : CIA-RDID3p
woRLT) 13_7:11ORT
PEOPLE OF THE W
corsOITMIEsiibT
11111.11, 4.1114,4111111....141.11.
CPYRGHT
came to power in poverty-ridden Greece
at the age of 48. His six years as Prime
Minister have been the longest period of
stable government in modern Greek his-
tory. Under him, the Greek economy has
made important gains.
The Greek leader told a Washington
audience his goal was to prove that a
poor nation does not need a dictatorship
in order to develop its economy?that "it
is possible to seek prosperity in freedom
and dignity."
ETY BACKER?
Meraialker Is U0er Fire
In faraway Frankfurt," many, Ma.
eta
Gen. Edwin A. Walker und himself th.2
key figure in a grsgeing U. S. politiczi
dispute. The Gen041 was relieved of com-
mand of the 24th Division pending a 1
Army invest4ation, ordered by President
Kennedy,. of charges that he had use i
EK
1110 VOW. MOM MOW MC
FOIAb3b
CPYRGHT
his position to promote the ideas of the "INVASION" SUPERVISOR
Birch Society among the troops. e So-
ciety, a semisecret organizat' regarded
as having strong "right w1" views, has
become highly contr gal because cf
the opinions of some its leaders and its
tactics in anti-9i4munist campaigns.
Original Oltrges against the Generd
came frvf "The Overseas Weekly," a
privaWowned newspaper published ft r
sa o U. S. troops in Europe. The Ger -
I, in reply, called the paper "immoral,
unscrupulous, corrupt and destructive"
The dispute promptly reached Congress,
where there were demands both for a
court-martial of the General and invel -
tigation of the paper.
Being in the center of a controversy s
not new to the 51-year-old West Pointer.
Four years ago he commanded Arnry
units sent to Little Rock to enforce cour :-
ordered integration.
(What Mr. Kennedy said about the
Birch Society, page 73.)
Richard Bissell of the CIA
The man in charge of U. S. aid to the
ill-fated "invasion" of Cuba by anti-Cas-
tro rebels has been identified by The New
York "Times" as Richard M. BisselLjr.
Mr. Bissell, a 51-year-old native of
Connecticut, is deputy director of the
Central Intelligence Agency, dealing with
"special operations." The newspaper, in a
lengthy report on the project, named him
as supervisor of "invasion" preparations
that were begun during the Eisenhower
Administration.
The CIA official is a former economics
professor from Yale and Massachusetts
Institute of Technology. He joined the
top-secret agency after serving the Tru-
man Administration in executive posts
handling foreign aid and foreign policy.
Now, Mr. Bissell also serves on the Pres-
ident's "Tuesday group"?an informal
panel of policy experts.
PRESIDENT'S PRESS SECRETARY VS. CRITICAL NEWSMEN
CPYRgfj
Secretary Salinger
Presidential Press Secretary Pierre
Salinger is a man with numerous critics.
Recently, charges that news has been
"suppressed," or that the President's
news conferences are mishandled have
been flooding in?from a committee
editors, from fellow newsmen.
Mr. Salinger took on his er s April
20 at a Washington mee g of the
American Society of Ne aper Editors.
Far from suppressing ws, he said, the
Kennedy Admin4 tion believes "as
much informat.pft as possible must be
made availa to the people."
Then, a panel discussion, Mr.
Salinger heard more criticism. Peter Lis-
agor of the Chicago "Daily News," said
that the TV news coseamized
?USN&WR Photos
pyRGHTrters vie for Mr. Kennedy's attention; Mr. Salinger looks on.
. . . disorderly, disorganized, almost cha-
otic," and that newsmen were "little more
than props in a show." Trying to gain
recognition in the big auditorium, he
complained, was turning newsmen into
"hog callers." Mr. Lisagor added that
"there must be a better way of handling"
the sessions with the press.
Mr. Salinger's reply: Radio and televi-
sion coverage of presidential news con- essential and enduring branch of Govern-
arevodsPbreFteleateePZIA-41D R7540001 R000100260042-3
long for the "intimate" news conferences
of yore are being "unrealistic."
Backing up Mr. Salinger was Max
Freedman, correspondent for "The Guard-
ian" of Manchester, England. He said
newsmen must bear a large part of the
blame for shortcomings of the confer-
ences. He praised the President's answers
as "incisive," termed the conferences "an
24
U.S. NEWS & WORLD REPORT, May 1, 1961
Sanitized Appro e : CIA:*
R000100260042,3
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD
week eye a small minority has given
the kabor movement affects all of us.
A 'dee ittTrrOint is a meat statement by
:3e1,..nor
The Mc Ian hearings built up steam
for Lite Lan m-Orialth law. This law put
the riampe n the ofholals of dishonest
unions. liii it also put the clamps on
honest unto. Thus, It hurts you and me.
rills mon Senator McOmmtaw de-
manded still 3 re restrictive legislation. He
claimed "Oro r laws are needed? in some
areas to working people who are
members of unions."
Suoh may be he ease. But we are sue*
antiunion enth era and lawmakers Will
clap their hande. n glee.
To paraphrase ant Crowell's words;
the Landrum-Ort law does not differen-
tiate between clea unions and corrupt Me*.
We hope Presl4lnt Crowell is right in
predicting that gadtertsm in unions Will
decline in the noX 2 years. However, we
hope It doesn't taker new Landrum-008n
law to dO it.
Another remark 'by President Crowell. Is
al,to worth repeating. /Crowell predicted the
recession will make n*e members turn out
Or union meetings. We agree that this
As line. ' A
But. as Crowell panted out, there are
re "ham forgotten
unions. greater
cause trouble.
should forget
rank-and-Me
Arne unions whose le
how to lead." And. lin
membership participatio
No union member or 0
that the Union exists kik
membership. ? ?
Both President. Crowell
Secretary Rolert 8. Ash
portant* of electing friends tabor. 'this
applies to everything from board of edit-
cation to the President of the t tilted States.
Alameda County's Mean, labOr
movement has IA ouistanding rd in this
respect.
Many labor councils and fed4tlons give
lip service to the feet that gaI4 over the
bargatning table can be. ind anti-
labor ordinances, Laws, end oouj =Mee,
In Alameda ()aunty. we. de
about it.
As a result, most or the etnUltyli
t,,rs are friends of Ube". Oovsrn& Mown
.nnd President Kainedy earriett- Alameda
County by big msilgios.
104 iNeallriwi
the im-
Thy Cebu Altair
??????????????
?
EXTENSION OP MIMES
or
HON. STEVEN B DEROUNIAN
OS mite TOM
IN THR HOU= OP BISITUtalahnIne
Monday, Mai I. tul
Mr. DEROUNIAN. Mr. Speaker; Rete
is a report on the Cuban linime? With the
conclusions forMed by Joseph NWIrelin
of the New York" Harald fl'y The
article appeared In this ntorntinrS LOW:
SEARCH roe Tait GUILTY IN TIM UMW" alma:
Tina Is Own Viamter
(By Joseph Nalialatildl 1)
Wssunernow, April 50.?Thiskient *m-"
nedy's top foreign polity adiameni. anit10011.t9. '
protect the United States from worldwide
condemnation, watered down the battle
plan for the invasion of Cuba to the point
where it was virtually' docitted to WWI
from the outset.
'This is one of the Major conellielons that
emerge from questioning of" emerioia add
Cuban participants in the abortive scheme
to bring down the pro-Oonimenlet nevus
of Fidel Castro. They were interviewed in
the three principal centers ad the lirritsion
operation?New York. Miamel -Wash-
Secretary of State Dean Rink is acheduled
to appear tomorrow at a elOsed-door hearing
of ? the Senate Foreign Relations Subcom-
mittee On Latin Amadei to testily about the-
administrations handling of the Ctub0,21
invasion.
The committee also plane to hear Allen W.
Dulles, director Of the Central Intelligence
Agency. Mr. Malice originally was scheduled
to testify tomorrow, but swim it became
known that Mr. Busk would appear, the testi-
mony of Mr. Dulles was. put off "until a later
Urns." patiently Tumidity,
Thti 11)Pollal Ittrvitirttltm. now 'doing under-
taken by Gen. Marvell D. Tsyl?at /Mei-
dent Neneedy's ? request, Is alinost oertein
to reach this final lxhictusion: The Military
support provided by Washington was enough
to compromise the United States in the eyes
of the world, but It was too :little to give
the invading Cuba Tome a far chant* of
'Overthrowing dastrd. -. ? ?
The hiatus Mud .fall M. the Ana Ltatenos
tin the milltiray.intelligence side (the Paint
'Chiefs of Staff sad the Oentral Ifftelltieffloo
Agioney) as well as on the ? foreign policy
advisers. These two- groups entered into a
'compromise **Wean military needs and
international political tonsideratione. The
comproinle? resulted in failure.
President .Kennedy. In the; lest mai
acceded to the comprofidea aid he
enr-
.lIsd the operation. In ha crippled forth to
premed against heavy , .
The plan to itiatair Cube with. relatively
tusignihoant force Of 1.400 Cuban miles aree
'based on two broad aseumptibtma (1) eon-
' trot or the dr to Secure a beachhead. ant (I)
-*Moirballing support from the Cuban people.
once the invading force ?mild iteniondeete
that its foothold was aboure and that 14 was
oaths march., ? ? '
Thaw. twit prerwodsktims
lutiettAY Impaired by reeteteriellle
?
by three of President idenneity's eblid f
policy edvisere?Searetaret .Z4,04.4?11
Rusk, Under Iiicartary Chester iast
neat 114- steveramy; American AteibedeedOr
to the United Nations. '
Other key ad
? Walter W.. liostow,- and
Jr,--apparently wait , eking
wear tam Of Ma 420,111 MOM
The clrcumstapcse aro raparrzaglostad?
bate me we. , .
The Cuban eapeditiontrzy train had in 6ittati
fleet of cargo planes end leinslierfi It
had no lighter probation for thieflaZiro
the beachhead. cum
""a
Kennedy refused to pirmildtairs'ititiall. hull-
. able from nearby ranee ?Sielleana An
American aircraft carder whtchipen .ideg
...In the Caribbean. ? . ?? ? .
VOgiri
teinatiee tir=aar.t
2" .0at7toko,
mated the form
=.4. ahrOp4Jl,
ii ad ooniiL5?:-pletely'?Ieu;cesqtt.Priel LL Jr
IX'
took aerial photographs to support their con-
tention.
?But photographs are not always conclusive
evidence andthis Strategic plan called for two
more attacks on the Cuban airfields to pro-
vide absolute assurance that not a single one
of Castrois fighter planes had 'survived to
imperil the entire venture. These attacks
by the 11-26 bombers was to take place just
.before thi dawn landings at Bahia On
Cochinos (Bay of Pip) on Peril if.
They were vetoed by Rusk, Bowles. and
Stevenson. The throe men were alarmed by
Castrot outcries following the first 13-28 at-
thck. Charps of aggression were leveled
against the United States at a special meet-
ing ofthe U.N. Caporal Assembly 01101a few
hours after the attack. ?
The time foreign policy advisers argued
that additional attacks would make It im-
possible for them to uphold the official U.S.
contention that this country was not a direct
participant ha the Cuban attack, and to an-
swer charges WM the United States was corn-
raitttug acts ntegpineicar in violation of the
.United Nations Charter and provisions of the
Cirgardeation of American States.
For the sane 'raison the three vetoed two
? other lethortant provisions of the original
invasion plan. These called for a direct
radio appeal to Cubans to rebel against Castro
and the showering of the island republic
? with leallete.maing on' the Cuba's people to
ritie Up-in. revolt.
The radio appeal was, to be made by Jose'
taro Cardona", heed .ot the Cuban arrolu-
Llama council, and She leaflets were to be
dropped by the roba bombers.
By prior arrangement with the leaders af
the anti-Castro Underground. In Cuba, these
were to serve as the twin signals 'fornation-
wide sabotage atidnthe beginning of an up-
When these genes felled to appear, the
tUttliffeutin4 leaders unturned that something
had gone Wrong and they were immobilized
by Uncertainty. Before they could even
? establish what had happened. Castro. by
wholesale amens in all the key popir.v.",,n
gentles, was able to disarm them.
? forbidden by Washington to transmit the
=
ed revolutionary call by Dr. Miro
radio SWAN, situated on an Wand
Olt BondUras and used by the rebels for
ptplide warfare against the Castro re-
gime. taaWy substituted a message that
said; "alert! /deal Look well at the rainbow.
The Shit will rise very men."
But this and the rest of. the message
=
meaningless tis the underground
In Cuba. If anfthing, it meant that
hootething bed gone Awry.
has been written about the failure
(Adam pimple- to revolt in support of
13-Castro Settee. The fart of the mat-
that the landing operation never
a point Where the Cuban masses
win put to it real -choke between Castro and
his__
".001111regr to witteepreltd reports, the first
Oil the Witting operation went off pretty
niniihns planned with the unloading only
dightlp SWIM than scheduled and the sp-
, ppm* CfCaelWs ground forces and guns
-40104f Armee Own expecte&
VT 7 7 oasts? mann are
What igiand'. dinner eat. d
the appearance of a band
Atts, Mite margriee boron
nerretpen Out only two-thl....
"4Sr Arearffing lo a rebel pilot who
tog in tin battle. 'five British-made
two Americem-made T-413
sureteed. . These were mown to
et the amulet and give
4111ailli1g viatery.
ACT' IWO! able to prevent the rebel
asnrying oat ono of their prin-
labillielet: to destroy CastroW heavy
.Ank.M0260042-3
The writer of this
man?Is the chief United. NS
?
spondent of the Herald Tribune
author of ?this niti*liiiire
"cubs--8.5.R,?" which
which Castro has
Communists. Neleffure wee
une's roving lAtin *MO
for several Pare MA, Si
tioned in MoscoW g i
'In '7.
*anent
?