DECISIONS...DECISIONS...

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP75-00001R000300280037-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 8, 1999
• Sequence Number: 37
• Publication Date: July 10, 1963
• Content Type: MAGAZINE

'I,A,NT SCIENCEi
MONITOR
CPYR&HT
JUL 1 0 1963
pprov .P Relea
FOIAb3b
RQ,75-00001 RO
ENCE MONITOR
Wednesday, July 10, 1963
Department o a e o
Roger Hilsman, Assistant Secretary for Far Eastern Affairs: `Crises Take a Little Longer'
Decisions ...Decisions...
By Robert R. Brunn
Staff Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor
Department my first reaction was that he has a thrust
of jaw which bespeaks action. A correct impression. This
-~eWly appointed Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern
Affairs led 300 men as an OSS guerrilla leader in Burma in
World War II, in warfare that required quick intelligence and
a tough body.
Both qualities are seaflitt .dNoApprmeGk PCEr Relea
?licy battle in the Hilsman corner of "State" where he still
eats with Burma, and even more so at the moment with South
CPYRGHT
What else takes u our day?
Other parts of your day, after you have met these initia
problems: The Ambassador from the Philippines might have a
appointment with you to raise a problem of trade and the tari
barriers. You might have a meeting with the Ambassador o
Thailand, who might come in on a problem in connection witl
SEATO. You might call in one of the ambassadors to make
demarche? to him about some problem dealing wi h his country.
C+M I) i aGMA Ra Og3ODMG8T . You have t
defend or help defend the request for foreign aid. You have t
defend your own budget far your Far East missions abroa
 But we ignored policy in our talk. This interview tries to
sketch in Mr. Hilsman's %nf'tizedau/ Avi0rdvedeFar Release
Let's begin:
L L L
I assume you don't exactly work a 35-hour week?
Well, I get to the office about 8 in the morning, or 8:15. I
rarely get home before 8 or 9 at night. This is normal times,
not crisis times. Saturdays are just like any other day. And
Sundays I generally have to take some stuff home to work on,
if I don't have to come to the office - which I frequently do.
As a matter of fact, in my old job as director of the Depart-
ment of Intelligence and Research, I remember on Sunday, Oct.
14, was the day that the U-2's were flying over Cuba and found
the missiles. I had that day at home. I didn't have another day
off, including Thanksgiving or Christmas.
Or Sundays?
Or Sundays, until Christmas Day. In other words, from Oct.
14 through Christmas Day, I worked at least 8 and usually
12 or 14 hours every day, all the time. That is a crisis period.
L L L
Well, what is your normal regimen?
In the normal time, the first thing you do when you arrive
at the office you are given a whole sheaf of cables that have
come in overnight from all the posts in your area abroad. You
have got to read these for your own information to see how events
are going.
There are decisions to be made, questions to be answered,
problems to be settled in every cable. Generally speaking, the
officers in charge of Laos, Vietnam, the Philippines, Japan, and
so forth consult with you about specific problems.
Many of these you can decide yourself, and you can issue
instructions to the field and get a cable off to your ambassador
and tell him how to handle the problem, or you might be calling
the Pentagon or the AID agency to ask them to do something to
meet this particular problem, orchestrating the different in-
strumentalities of foreign policy.
L L L
When do you go to Secretary Rusk with problems?
Other problems require the decision by the Secetary of State,
and you write him a brief memorandum or seek an appointment
with him, or call him on the telephone, presenting in brief,
concise form the nature of the problem and your recommenda-
tions for handling it and get his decision, when you can.
Some of it requires a decision by the President. You might
have a meeting with the President, in which case you would have
lY rTn appointment with the President along with the
Secretary of State or the Secretary of Defense.
It might be a joint meeting, an NSC [National Security Coun-
cil] meeting, on a problem in your area.
L L L
Making policy can be quite complex, can't it?
Yes, powerful though the United States is, it is not so power-
ful that it can dictate the course of history. There are other
actors involved, and what they do has a bearing on events. Some
things happen that nobody has any control of, spontaneous
things. There is a crop failure in a country, or a man is shot,
or there is an airplane crash. One of the great tragedies, for
example, in the Philippines was the premature passing of
lagsaysay.
You're not always in a position where your leverage on events
is complete, and also you're dealing with very complicated
atters where the United States may have several goals, not
11 of which it can achieve. If it wants to achieve goal Number
it may be done only by sacrificing something of goal Number
You have to pick and choose which of the goals, and to
chich extent, you want to achieve - different and conflicting
gals, you see.
Some of our goals are conflicting. You know, a very simple
e is you want peace, but you don't want it at the cost of
11,1.ificing our nation. So there are times when you can't have
Ili, you see. You have got to give up the goal of peace in
,i klei to achieve the goal of the continuing existence of our
ii,tiou or the continuing of our national security or our national
kbjectives. This is a very simple illustration of what happens
11 the time.
1 You might have a meeting with the Senate Foreign Re
:eCl' rlR[P51y00(O1 I1y01304't 00rt1, T4tifying Jab
recent events in Vietnam. The Senate wanted to hear what
been happening there, what we were doing about it, what
policy was.
I find that you also have dealings with American busines
.
who have interests abroad, who have problems and need he
You're doing this all day.
Frequently I come to my office at 8, finish with the init
batch of cables at 9, and between Congress and foreign amb
sadors and meetings with the Secretary and the President
th
,
e
are days when I don't get back to my desk until 6, and th
work of the day. That is one of the reasons you don't get hot
until late.
L L L
How does your family fit into this marathon day?
The interesting part on the family side is that it's perfec
where that somebody was saying the President had yasked
not what the country could do for us but what we could
for the country. My wife snorted, and said, "Well, I know w
I'm being asked to do for my country
"
.
Because it's not only that she has to do all the things that
husband would normally do around the house if you were on
the rest of this. As well as dealings with the childr
-
en
in wa
that the father would normally be involved in - but she h
e
r
sponsibilities of entertaining foreign visitors coming from o
area, of participating in various activities connected with t
area. She is expected to help on, for example, women's proble
or children's problems in the Far Eastern countries and to
what she can to help. So she leads an enormousl
bu
lif
t
y
sy
e
u
But the really interesting thing about it all is that my chi
d
,
14-year old boy, have a feeling of serving theirjcountr an
own way. yinn th
L L L
You've mentioned' the secretaries and your staff and what
fin
l
l
e,
oya
crowd they are. What about them?
You know it's not really surprising that the senior officers
the department are spending 12-18 hours a da
with
t
y
ou
cot
plaint, because they have a feeling of participating in great even
But the thing that impresses me are the secretaries and tt
girls who probably don't have the same feeling of bein
i
t
g
n on
.
decision-making process. But yet the way they work witho
overtime pay-frequently 60-70 hours a week without overtir
pay and without complaint. I think they really deserve an eno
mous plug.
L L L
You're a newcomer to the department of course. This p
forroance was actually a surprise?
I'm terribly impressed, as not reallly being part of the forei
service, not a career fellow, not a foreign service officer but
presidential appointee, at the dedication and the hard work
the people.
Also, I have gone to places like Vientiane, which is a sma
place, in a backward part of the world and watched the wiv
and children of foreign service officers coping with problems
The wives of the foreign service officers in Vientiane
for exampl
,
e
have had to ban together and teach their own children and buil
Next Week: Meet Dr. Glenn Archer, lawyer an
But this makes it difT jtzedtn Ap dWo1kReIease
-)tbail game, you see. You can't keep score very well. It's a an
tale more complicated than in football where you win or lose,
AdRE)M" RQO 2ff00U47LW rotestant
Other Americans United for Separation of Churc
and State.
s
 CPYRGHT
C ij Rd - ApCp gdHF~r Release : CIA-RDP75-00001 R000300280037-5
THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR, WEDNES
Ottawa Dilutes Sales Tax
s
Ottawa
Canadian Finance Minister
Valter Gordon has knocked 'a
115 million hole in his June
3 budget with a major retreat
rom its controversial sales tax
n building materials and pro-
uction machinery.
In a statement in the House
f Commons Monday night
hat brought opposition jeers
f "chicken," Mr. Gordon wa-
ered down the 11 percent tax
o an immediate 4 percent. He
aid it would increase in two
tages to 11 percent by Jan. 1,
965.
Tax Withdrawn
He also exempted schools
and universities completely
rom the tax on building mate-
ials and opened a big loop-
iole in his original plan to
hush foreign-controlled com-
)anies into selling a minimum
5 percent ownership to Cana-
iians.
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was the second major
slash executed by the freshman
Finance Minister on his maiden
budget speech. On June 19, he
lopped off the budget's plan
for a 30 percent tax on large
stock sales to foreign investors,
aimed at halting United States
take-overs of Canadian firms.
Mr. Gordon made both alter-
ations under heavy pressure
and a deluge of complaints
from legislators and the busi-
ness community. Observers
could recall no previous federal
budget being so widely changed
by the government.
The minister indicated these
and other changes would in-
crease the deficit for the 1963-
64 fiscal year to $655 million,
only $54 million less than the
last year of Conservative gov-
ernment. Mr. Gordon's original
forecast was a deficit of $585
million.
Mr. Gordon outlined this al-
teration in his original budget
scheme of tax incentives and
penalties to encourage a mini-
mum 25 percent Canadian
ownership in foreign-controlled
corporations:
A company's status will be
determined by th eownership
of its shares during the 60 days
preceding the company's tax
year.
Also, a company can meet
the minimum 25 percent Cana-
dian standard if its shares are
listed on a Canadian stock ex-
change and not more than 75
percent of its voting stock is
owned by a foreign sharehold-
er and others associated with
him.
Demands Voiced
Presumably this will mean
that the other 25 percent of the
shares can be owned by any-
one, including foreign investors
not connected with the parent
firm. But the requirement that
the Canadian subsidiary's stock
be traded on a Canadian stock
exchange would provide the
opportunity for partial Cana-
dian ownership.
In announcing the changes,
r. or on acknowledged
that theer had been a deluge
of demands for the govern-
ment to withdraw the sales
tax on building materials and
production machinery.
He said the government
"cannot accept such pleas to
eliminate the tax" but that
its timing "can be adjusted
in a way that will synchro-
nize with the needs of the
economy over a longer period."
He said the tax will rise to
8 percent on April 1 , 1964,
and to the full 11 percent at
the end of that year. Those
who have already paid the
full 11 percent rate since the
tax was effected June 13 will
receive refunds, he said.
Economic Outlook
For '63 `Moderate'
By the Associated Press
New York
The Federal Reserve Bank
of New York says that early
returns for June suggest con-
tinued though moderate
strength in the economy.
The bank's Monthly Re-
view indicated a substantial
rise in auto assemblies in
June and a decline in steel
ingot production.
"Although manufacturers'
inventory expectations point
to some slowdown in their
over-all rate of stock accum-
ulation in the third quarter
this slackening may be off-
set by increases in outlays
for plant and equipment,"
the bank said.
"Various measures have
been suggested to deal di-
rectly with the problems
created by a large influx of
teen-agers. An increase in
the skills and training of the
labor force will in itself con-
tribute to economic growth
but in turn an expanding
economy is required if direct
measures are to be effective."
Contract for Export
Australian Iror
The Christian Science Monitor
Sydney
discovered in the area since
1 60.
The contract covers more
t an 5,000,000 tons of ore from
t e Tallering Range, 100 miles
Japanese steel mills which
p rcent of the group interest
a d the American companies
2 percent. The group stands
t gain around $60,000,000 on
t le Tallering Range contract
rve Australia's then known
Delays Charged
By Ralph Nader
Special to The Christian Science Monitor
Washington, D. C.
Where could one expect to
nd meeting together inter-
ational oankers and econo-
s and importers, embassy
taches, development consult-
Posits: e recen mass
coveries would have c
light much sooner, criti
tend.
Dr. John A. Dunn,
chief mineral econo)nis
federal Bureau of Mine
sources, for one, had be
fident for years that tt
western regions of At
still thinly populated,
prove to be among the
leading iron ore provii
Before his retirement
Dr. Dunn accompanied
of parliamentarians it
the present Minister I
tional Development. Sc
Liam Spooner, to the
Pilbara region. He the
ally pointed out the
evidence.
Despite this on-the-sp
onstration, the federal
ment would not agree
posals from the Wester
tralian State governn
liberalize the federal
ban.
In 1960, however, tl
ernment relaxed its ba
ciently to encourage p-
ing. Almost immediatc
new deposits of high-gr;
ore were discovered
region, as forecast by D:
These represent thous
millions of tons of h-
iron ore. As Senator
recently put it: "Ever
we do not know the ful
of the reserves...."
Other Sources Fou
Not only were thes
western discoveries m;
other big deposits we
covered in a spread ac
northern arc of the Au
continent.
Australia is not tt
country to make rece)
discoveries of iron orc
for one, has massive
and Japanese steel mi
put capital into this in
This was done whet
The membership
society reflects its pur
consists of people eng
interested in programs
national development
are administrators, ecc
engineers, educators,
officers, lawyers, tee
and others working in
011-1
d associated i
verse organizat
Most likely at one of the
nferences sponsored by the
One of SID's founde
Hambidge, described
"anemm-naaaine an ext
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According to Andrew Rice,
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the value of exchanging knowl-
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But much more needs to be
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r-5nd experience "
Journal Publi It,
There are three d z.
tutional members :o)
leading universities
tions, corporations, at
groups. Two patron -
uting $1000 or more n
are the Inter-Ameri at
opment Bank and r
The society is cur n
lishing a quarterl
International Develo n
view. Suppose a b si
who exports capital
began leafing throug
cent issues. He w u
across an article r
dozens of industria t
nities in Honduras
mates of the scale of
ment in United Sta s
Or articles on sr I
tries will alert hi t
opportunities now e
for lack of awarene s
role in these emer n
tries.
Other reports w El
him of the broader c It
political environm ni
must be taken into 0
tion to operate with m
effectiveness. Contr bi
the review are scho r
national civil servan
private consultants
ment officials, and bu it
Conferences Spo is.
A second activit
society is the ann a
national forum deal F
particular cluster of it
problems. The 1963 o
was held in March a C
University.
"What Makes De e
Happen" was the tt
which seminars and a
were dedicated for 21(
of the 500 conferees.
Also, there are Si
activities in four a
several countries in f
Asia. These chapter ,
ing in number, con c
ings and programs i
own with the overseas
considering subjects
importance.
Other activities
planned are the for
student chapters at u f~
71
a feasibility study o
technical and econo
mation service, and t
lion of the review.
The myriad facets
national developme
closer coordination
known about the pr c
thusiastic responses
dicate that the so .i
touched a common c'
practical need
m
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