INTRODUCTION OF BILL RELATING TO RETIREMENT OF EMPLOYEES UNDER THE CIVIL SERVICE RETIREMENT ACT

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• Publication Date: April 29, 1968
• Content Type: OPEN

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A it 29, 1968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE S 4571
forms of service. The report also calls
for a greater national commitment to
preventive health care, including screen-
ing for disease before illness can take
hold.
An emerging "retirement revolution":
As more Americans retire earlier and
live longer, they are contibuting to a
"retirement revolution of such magni-
tude and significance that it deserves
national attention and probably new di-
rections in national policy." The com-
mittee calls for passage of a bill requir-
ing preretirement training in Federal
agencies. It also asks for experimenta-
tion by the Administration on Aging in
establshing new kinds of work-life pat-
terns including phased retirement plans
and new kinds of part-time work. Edu-
cational television is described as having
great potential usefulness to the retire-
ment and preretirement community.
Employment opportunities: Anticipat-
ing that the Age Discrimination in Em-
ployment Act of 1967 will "speed other
changes necessary for full and effective
uge of older workers," the committee also
welcomes the establishment by the De-
partment of Labor of a major pilot pro-
gram intended to fulfill several objec-
tives of a proposed older Americans com-
munity service program.
Housing and a livable environment:
The rent supplement program "should be
extended to serve additional numbers of
Americans who, in any of several ways,
stand in special need of its assistance."
In addition, the model cities program
should pay sufficient heed to the elderly
and "their unique problems and special
needs?as well as the contributions they
can make to the citizen participation
aspects of individual projects."
Long-term care: The report commends
legislation enacted last year to raise
standards in nursing homes, but also ob-
serves:
Meaningful and comprehensive progress
will not be achieved until the resources of
the total health community are utilized to
provide the quality and degree of care de-
sired for the elderly in a truly comprehensive
spectrum of services.
Role of Administration on Aging:
Created by the Older Americans Act of
1965, the AOA was absorbed by a new
agency in a reorganization plan adopted
by the Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare in August. Today's Senate
committee report says that the reorga-
nization raises serious questions about
the possible downgrading of the AOA.
War on poverty and the elderly: The
report asks for "full implementation of
1967 amendments that directed estab-
lishment of more adequate programs on
behalf of the .elderly by the Office of Eco-
nomic Opportunity."
Social services: Project FIND, an out-
reach program for the elderly poor, has
already demonstrated that a great need
exists for additional FIND-type projects.
The report also discusses long-range
needs likely "in the face of foreseeable
Increased demands for service."
Consumer interests: The report de-
scribes new educational programs begun
by Federal agencies in 1967 to help older
Americans get the most for their dollars
in today's complex marketplace. The re-
port also comments:
? There is much room for experimentation
and discussion about the design of apart-
ments and fixtures used in federally assisted
housing accommodations for the elderly. The
receptive attitude at the Department of
Housing and Urban Development to sugges-
tions already received leads to the conclusion
that further exploration will be productive.
I would also like to thank the subcom-
mittee chairmen for their productive
work during the year: FRANK E. Moss,
chairman, Housing for the Elderly and
Long-Term Care; JENNINGS RANDOLPH,
chairman, Employment and Retirement
Incomes; EDWARD M. KENNEDY, chair-
man, Federal, State, and Community
Services; GEORGE A. SMATHERS, chairman,
Health of the Elderly; WALTER F. MON-
DALE, chairman, Retirement and the In-
dividual.
Finally, some mention should be made
of the excellent and very helpful reports
made by Federal Departments and Agen-
cies at the request of the committee. The
reports are reproduced in the appendix
to the report.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that the report be printed, together
with minority views.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The re-
port will be received; and, without objec-
tion, the report will be printed, as re-
quested by the Senator from New Jersey.
EXECUTIVE REPORT OF A
COMMITTEE
As in executive session,
The following favorable report of a
committee was submitted:
By Mr. FULBRIGHT, from the Committee
on Foreign Relations, without reservation:
Executive P. 90th Congress, first session,
Convention on International Exhibitions
(Ex. Rept. No. 2) .
BILLS INTRODUCED
Bills were introduced, read the first
time, and, by unanimous consent, the
second time, and referred as follows:
By Mr. BROOKE:
S. 3397. A bill for the relief of Foo Ting
Yee; and
S. 3398. A bill for the relief of Cheng-huai
Li; to the Committee on the Judiciary.
By Mr. CASE:
S. 3399. A bill to amend the Federal Avia-
tion Act of 1958 in order to provide for regu-
lation of public exposure to sonic booms by
certain aircraft over the United States; to
the Committee on Commerce.
(See the remarks of Mr. CASE when he in-
troduced the above bill, which appear under
a separate heading.)
By Mr. MORSE:
S. 3400. A bill to provide Federal assistance
to States for improving elementary and sec-
ondary teachers' salaries, for meeting the
urgent needs of elementary and secondary
education, and for other purposes; to the
Committee on Labor and Public Welfare,
(See the remarks of Mr. MORSE when he
introduced the above bill, which appear
under a separate heading.)
By Mr. SMATHERS:
S. 3401. A bill for the relief of James L.
Shull; and
S. 3402. A bill for the relief of Lt. (junior
grade) Richard A. Jackson, U.S. Naval Re-
serve; to the Committee on the Judiciary.
By Mr. JACKSON (by request) :
S. 3403. A bill to designate the Flat Tops
Wilderness, Routt'and White River National
Forests, in the State of Colorado; to the
Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs.
(See the remarks of Mr. JACKSON when he
introduced the above bill, which appear
under a separate heading.)
By Mr, BREWSTER:
S. 3404. A bill to amend the Civil Service
.13atirement Act to authorize the retirement
of employees after 25 years of service with-
out reduction in annuity; to the Committee
on Post Office and Civil Service.
(See the remarks of Mr. BREWSTER when
he introduced the above bill, which appear
under a separate heading.)
S. 3399?INTRODUCTION OF BILL TO
DEAL WITH QUESTION OF OVER-
LAND SST FLIGHTS
Mr. CASE, Mr. President, I introduce,
for appropriate reference, a bill to help
resolve the question of whether super-
sonic transports should be permitted to
fly over the United States in such a man-
ner as to create sonic booms.
Possibly in less than 3 years supersonic
transports?SST's--capable of flying
twice the speed of sound, or about 1,200
miles an hour, will begin rolling off Eu-
ropean production lines and into com-
mercial service throughout the world.
Already six major U.S. airlines have or-
derd a total of 38 of these Concordes, and
10 foreign airlines, most of which fly to
the United States, have ordered 36 more.
While some delays have occurred in
developing the 1,800 miles per hour
American version of the SST, it is ex-
pected to be in commercial serivce by
1974 or 1975. The U.S. SST fleet will
range anywhere from 200 to 1,200 planes.
It is clear that we must begin now to
prepare for the advent of the commercial
supersonic age. We are fortunate that
time for action remains before the first
commercial Concordes appear in Amer-
ican skies. It is the purpose of my bill to
ban overland flights at supersonic speeds
until all aspects of the sonic boom have
been investigated and Congress has de-
cided whether such flights should be per-
mitted.
Specifically, my bill will (first) ban
nonmilitary supersonic flights over the
United States and its territories and pos-
sessions for an indefinite period; second,
provide for a 2-year program of inten-
sive scientific investigation into all as-
pects of the boom; and, third, put the
decision on overland flights at more than
the speed of sound in the hands of the
Congress.
The rapid approach of the commercial
supersonic age confronts us with some
difficult choices. On the one hand we are
naturally eager to take advantage of the
faster means of travel that the super-
sonics will provide. But on the other we
should be aware of the penalties we may
have to pay for permitting supersonic
airliners, trailed by their thunderous
sonic booms, to fly over land, particularly
over heavily populated areas.
Contrary to what many may believe,
the boom follows continuously in the
track of a plane moving faster than the
speed of sound, and may be as much as
50 to 80 miles wide throughout a super-
sonic flight. On a single flight across the
United States, the experts believe, as
many as 10 to 20 million persons may be
boomed by a supersonically operated
SST.
Far more is involved than the shatter-
ing affront to the ears. Already initial
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE April 29, 1968
tests have resulted in cracked plaster,
broken windows, and tumbling bric-a-
brac though studies on structural dam-
age are so far inconclusive. More impor-
tantly yet to be answered are such ques-
tions as the effect of the boom on per-
sons with heart ailments, on surgeons in
the midst of delicate operations, on
sleeping people, on weak buildings, on
mountains laden with snow or loose rocks
and on ancient geological formations, a
few areas of deep concern.
Hn short, is the boom tolerable? The
tests conducted in Oklahoma City in
1964, for example, showed that 2'7 per-
cent of the residents of that community
could not tolerate eight booms a day. No
tests were made at night.
The American taxpayer, who is pay-
ing?on a reimbursable basis, he hopes?
f o 90 percent of the cost of developing
the U.S. SST prototype, is clearly entitled
to ask whether the SST project amounts
to progress. Prompted by growing con-
cern over the destructive potential of the
sonic boom, people at all levels of gov-
ernment and industry, as well as the pub-
lic at large, are asking some pointed ques-
tions about the program: For example,
are the convenience of the few who will
use the plane and the competitive ad-
vantage it will bring to the airline and
aircraft industries worth the billions it
may cost to develop the SST and the pos-
si ale deterioration to the environment
that may be caused? One of the more im-
portant aspects of that question is
whether supersonic flights over the
United States should be permitted if the
boom, a product of physical laws, can-
not be reduced to tolerable levels, assum-
irg such levels exist.
As matters presently stand the Fed-
eral Aviation Administration apparently
has sufficient authority to give the an-
swer to this question. Unfortunately, the
FAA is not only in charge of SST devel-
opment in the United States, but un-
ci pubtedly is the country's leading advo-
cate of the project and its commercial
and economic potential.
Further, its position on the question
o supersonic overflights has been ambiv-
alent. On the one hand it states that fur-
ther testing is needed before the question
cm be answered. But on another, the
head of the SST project for FAA has been
quoted as saying that "the public will
have to learn to accept sonic boom to
a degree."
Even were the FAA not in this awk-
ward position, a decision on multiple
cverland supersonic flights is too im-
portant to be left in the hands of a
single Government agency. Clearly the
people themselves must be permitted to
decide through their elected representa-
tives in the Congress.
But what criteria will Congress use in
arriving at such a decision? I, and I think
most Americans, believe that the health
and welfare of our people and the quality
of the environment we live in should be
the central consideration.
My bill is designed to assure that Con-
gress can make up its mind about super-
sonic overland flights on the basis of the
broadest criteria possible. It will do this
ay directing the FAA to conduct a com-
prehensive, 2-year research effort into all
aspects Of the sonic boom. In carrying out
its study, the FAA also is directed by My
bill to consult with seven departments
and agencies with either expertise in the
sonic boom field or concerns about the
boom's effects on various facets of Ameri-
can life. A number of studies have been
made or are underway and the National
Academy of Sciences has recommended
additional research. An interim as well
as a final report to the Congress is re-
quired by my bill.
The other part of my bill is the in-
definite ban on supersonic flights. The
purpose of this ban is to give Congress
an opportunity to deliberate the super-
sonic overflight question in an atmos-
phere of calm. Such an atmosphere might
not prevail if, at the time of congressional
consideration, the Concorde is filling our
skies with sonic booms.
The threat of the sonic boom is fur-
ther illustration of the conflict between
man's drive for technological progress
and his desire for a livable environment.
But as a nation I believe we are moving
from blind idolization of technology to
recognition that we must also be con-
cerned with its effect on the quality of
life and the livability of the environment.
In short, I believe we want technolog-
ical and physical progress, but we want
it on acceptable terms.
Insofar as this is possible with the
sonic boom, my bill would help in achiev-
ing it. I hope, therefore, that hearings
can be held on my bill in this session of
Congress.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that the text of my bill be printed in
the RECORD at the conclusion of my re-
marks.
The PRESIDING OteraCER. The bill
will be received and appropriately re-
ferred; and, without objection, the bill
will be printed in the RECORD.
The bill (S. 3399) to amend the Fed-
eral Aviation Act of 1958 in order to pro-
vide for regulation of public exposure
to sonic booms by certain aircraft over
the United States, introduced by Mr.
CASE, was received, read twice by its title,
referred to the Committee on Commerce,
and ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion, and the President of the National Aca-
demy of Sciences, and (13) such research as
may be necessary, which shall include, but
not be limited to, the startle effect and
physiological or psychological problems that
result from sonic booms and the possible de-
trimental effects on preservation of natural
beauty and historic shrines; (3) within one
year from the date of enactment of this sub-
section make a report to the Congress on his
findings as of that time, together with the
written comments of the above-mentioned
officials; and (4) no later than two years
from the date of enactment of this subsec-
tion, report to Congress on the final results
of his findings, together with the final writ-
ten comments of such Federal officials."
S. 3399
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That section
307 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 is
amended by inserting at the end thereof a
new subsection as follows:
"REGULATION OF SONIC BOOMS
"(g) The Administrator shall (1) prohibit
nonmilitary aircraft, singly or in any com-
bination thereof, from being operated over
the United States (including territories and
possessions thereof) in such a way as to pro-
duce sonic booms, but such prohibition shall
not apply to aircraft used in the investiga-
tion and study herein authorized; (2) con-
duct a full and complete investigation and
study for the purpose of determining what
exposures to sonic booms (amount and fre-
quency) are detrimental to the health and
welfare of any persons, and such investiga-
tion and study shall include (A) consulta-
tion with the Secretary of Health, Education,
and Welfare, the Secretary of Defense, the
Secretary of Housing and Urban Develop-
ment, the Secretary of the Interior, the Sec-
retary of Commerce, the Administrator of the
S. 3400?INTRODUCTION OF BILL
ENTITLED "GENERAL EDUCATION
ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1968"
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I intro-
duce a bill which has the short title,
"General Education Assistance Act of
1968." I am greatly indebted to the Na-
tional Education Association for having
given me the opportunity to present to
the Senate and to the Committee on La-
bor and Public Welfare the language of
the proposal which was drafted by their
Legislative Commission.
This measure incorporates the view
of the organization with respect to the
next forward step which they determine
to be in the public interest to have en-
acted. The bill reflects the hopes and
aspirations of school teachers in every
State, for it is a general Federal aid
to education measure.
We have made great strides since 1930
in the enactment of educational legisla-
tion, but this legislation has necessarily
until now consisted of measures which
were relatively narrowly drawn to meet
specific problems?in short, there has
been categorical aid. But the men
and women of the National Education
Association Legislative Commission have
come to the judgment that excellent as
these programs are and have been, they
do not strike to the root of the problems.
These are the problems which beset
our school systems. These are the prob-
lems which are of major concern to the
dedicated men and women who serve our
children in the schools of our country.
These are the problems which loom large
in every community.
What are they? Essentially, as with
most problems, they are caused by unmet
needs. They are caused by inadequate or
unavailable financial resources for edu-
cation. Many of our citizens feel that the
special aids that have been given, valua-
ble though they have been and are,
nevertheless suffer from one drawback
and that is that they necessarily import
into our system of school support finan-
cial rigidities, and to an extent, cause a
distortion in the pattern of financing.
Because of this, it has been suggested
that over and above, and in addition to,
existing financial aids to schools and
schoolchildren, there is needed a flexible
and massive program of general school
aid. This, the bill that-I introduce today
seeks to accomplish.
It would provide beginning in fiscal
year 1970 and extending through fiscal
year 1974 two types of grants. The basic
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A il 29, 1 S 4575
Remainder: current expenditures, includ-
ing expenditures for employing additional
teachers and teacher aids, pretchool and
summer programs, State educational ex-
penditures.
Iv. APPLICATIONS
State agency is applicant "at such time or
times, in such manner and containing or
accompanied by such information as the
Commissioner deems necessary"; fundt to
supplement, not supplant. State and local
funds; no comingling with State funds; "to
the extent consistent with law," programs
and services to meet current expenditures to
be provided on equitable basit to children
in nonpublic schools; 1% or $150,000, which-
ATTACHMENT B
STATE ALLOCATIONS UNDER $6 BILLION NEA PROGRAM
ever is greater, for State administrative ex-
penses ($25,000 for outlying areas).
V. JUDICIAL REVIEW
State may seek judicial review in U.S.
Court of Appeals of Commissioner's deci-
sion; local educational agency may seek Ju-
dicial review of State decision.
State
Basic grant
(millions)
?
Equalization
grant
(millions)
3
Total.grant
(millions)
4
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
$96.1
FL 4
46.3
50.8
487.0
54.0
73.0
14.4
$19.6
1.0
7.6
10.8
52.9
7.5
7.4
1.6
$115.7
9.4
53.9
60. 8
539.9
61.5
80.4
16. 0
District of Columbia
18.4
1.9
20. 3
Florida
149. 4
21. 4
170. 8
Georgia
122. 4
21. 6
144. 0
Hawaii
20.6
2.8
23. 4
Idaho
20.0
3.5
23. 5
Illinois
276.4
30.0
306. 4
Indiana
134.5
17.8
152.3
Iowa
72.5
10.0
82. 5
Kansas
60.0
8.2
68. 2
Kentucky
94.5
15.4
99. 9
Louisiana
Maine
106. 0
26.0
20. 5
4.2
126. 5
30. 2
Maryland
99. 0
12. 3
III. 3
Massachusetts
135.0
15.0
150.0
Michigan
238.0
30.9
268. 9
Minnesota
100.5
14.6
115.1
Mississippi
67. 4
17. 1
84. 5
Missouri
118.0
15.7
133.7
Montana
Nebraska
20.0
37. 7
3.3
5. 2
23. 3
42. 9
Nevada
11.5
1.3
12. 8
Total amount
per child
(5-17 years)
5
State
$120.40
New Hampshire
111.90
New Jersey
116.41
New Mexico
119.69
New York
110.86
North Carolina
113.89
North Dakota
110. 14
Ohio
111. 11
Oklahoma
110.33
Oregon
114.32
Pennsylvania
117.65
Rhode Island
113.59
South Carolina
117.58
South Dakota
110.85
Tennessee
113.23
Texas
113.79
Utah
113.67
Vermont
118.22
Virginia
119.34
Washington
116.15
West Virginia
112.42
Wisconsin
III. 11
Wyoming
112.98
American Samoa
114.53
Guam
125. 37
Puerto Rico
113.31
Virgin Islands
116.50
Trust territories
113. 79
111. 30
U.S. total
Basic grant
(millions)
2
Equalization
grant
(millions)
3
Total grant
(millions)
Total amount
per child
(5-17 years)
5
$17.6
$2.4
$20.8
$113.64
172.5
18.3
190.8
110.61
31.5
6.1
37.6
119.37
432.5
43.6
476.1
110.08
134.4
24.7
159.1
118.38
18.0
3.2
21.2
117.78
280.5
37.2
317.7
113.26
60, 9
9. 4
70. 3
115. 44
51. 5
6.8
58. 3
113. 20
289. 0
36. 4
325. 4
112. 60
22.2
2.7
24.9
112.16
73. 6
16. 1
89. 7
121. 88
18.8
3.4
22.2
118.09
99. 8
18. 0
117. 8
118. 04
294.4
47.6
342.0
116.17
31.3
5.6
36.9
117.89
11.1
1.8
12.9
116.22
118.3
18.0
136.3
115.22
82.3
18.4
92.7
112.64
46.5
8.5
55.0
118.28
115.
0
15.
8
130.
8
113. 74
8.
9
1.
3
10.
2
114. 61
1.1
.3
1.4
125.37
2.6
8.7
3.3
125.37
90. 7
22. 9
113. 6
125. 37
1.3
.3
1.6
3.3
.8
4.1
125.37
5,257. 4
742. 6
6,000. 0
114. 12
S. 3403-INTRODUCTION OF BILL TO
DESIGNATE THE FLAT TOPS WIL-
DERNESS, ROUTT AND WHITE
RIVER NATIONAL FORESTS, IN
THE STATE OF COLORADO
Mr. JACKSON. Mr. President, as you
know, the President has transmitted to
the Congress proposals for the addition
of 26 new areas to the national wilder-
ness preservation system. Several of
these proposals have already been in-
troduced and referred to the Senate In-
terior and Insular Affairs Committee, of
which I am chairman.
By request, I now introduce, for ap-
propriate reference, a bill to designate
the Flat Tops Wilderness Area in the
Routt and White River National Forests
of Colorado.
The total wilderness acreage would
be 142,230, including 99,489 acres of the
existing Flat Tops Primitive Area, plus
42,741 acres of adjacent lands.
The area is located on the White River
Plateau in northwestern Colorado, ap-
proximataely 20 miles north of the town
of Glenwood Springs and 30 miles
southwest of the town of Steamboat
Springs. The proposed wilderness lies
within 250 miles of approximately 2
million people.
A variety of wilderness characteristics
Is offered by this high-elevation plateau
and its rugged river canyons. There are
sheer volcanic escarpments, alpine
peaks and open grass parks. The area
features an abundance of mountain
scenery, solitude, tranquil lakes, rushing
streams, abundant wildlife, and virtu-
ally no evidence of man's intrusion.
A hearing on the wilderness proposal
was held in Glenwood Springs by the
Forest Service on October 10, 1966.
Eighty-nine oral presentations were
made, and more than 350 letters were
received. At the hearing, there was dis-
agreement over the size and boundary of
the proposed area, but there was over-
whelming sentiment in favor of adding
the Flat Tops area to the national wil-
derness preservation system.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill
will be received and appropriately re-
ferred.
The bill (S. 3403) to designate the Flat
Tops Wilderness, Routt and White River
National Forests, in the State of Colo-
rado, introduced by Mr. JACKSON (by re-
quest), was received, read twice by its
title, and referred to the Committee on
Interior and Insular Affairs.
S. 344-INTRODUCTION OF BILL
RELATING TO RETIREMENT OF
EMPLOYEES UNDER THE CIVIL
SERVICE RETIREMENT ACT
Mr. BREWSTER. Mr. President, I am
today introducing, for appropriate ref-
erence, a bill to amend the Civil Service
Retirement Act to authorize the re-
tirement of employees after 25 years of
service without reduction in annuity.
Such a bill, allowing retirement at 25
years, will naturally be most attractive
to those workers who have reached this
point in their careers. It will allow them
to serve their professions to their fullest
capacity and yet to leave Government
service at an age when they are still able
to pursue other profitable endeavors. It
will also allow them to enjoy richer, more
meaningful retired years which their
families can share.
Second. With the emphasis on the
excellence of youth that is so prevalent
in our Nation today, we have a wealth of
young people eager for employment and
advancement. My bill will obviously make
Federal service more attractive as their
chosen profession. It will give us a chance
to employ people in the prime of their
working years, to promote readily in
order to derive maximum benefit from
their potentials, and to streamline our
civil service functions.
Mr. President, I believe that this legis-
lation will be beneficial to everyone con-
cerned. It will appeal to the Federal em-
ployee about to retire, to the young em-
ployee anticipating a profitable Federal
career, and to the Federal Government,
which can look forward to a more effi-
cient, viable, and eager labor force.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill
will be received and appropriately re-
ferred.
The bill (S. 3404) to amend the Civil
Service Retirement Act to authorize the
retirement of employees after 25 years
of service without reduction in annuity,
introduced by Mr. BREWSTER, was re-
ceived, read twice by its title, and re-
ferred to the Committee on Post Office
and Civil Service.
ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS OF BILLS
AND JOINT RESOLUTION
Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that, at its next
?
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S 4576 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE April 29, 1968
printing, the name of the Senator from
Ceorgia [Mr. TALMADGE] be added as a
cosponsor of the bill (S. 2429) to amend
the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 to al-
low an income tax credit to employers
for the expenses of providing training to
their employees and prospective em-
POyees under approved programs.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
Mrs. SMITH. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that, at its next
printing, the name of the Senator from
Minnesota [Mr. Mommta] be added as a
cosponsor of the bill (S. 2862) to enable
potato growers to finance a nationally
coordinated research and promotion pro-
gram to improve their competitive posi-
tion and expand their markets for po-
tatoes by increasing consumer accept-
ance of such potatoes and potato prod-
nets and by improving the quality of
potatoes and potato products that are
made available to the consumer.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordeted.
Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. Mr.
President, I ask unanimous consent that,
at its next printing, the name of the
senior Senator from New York [Mr.
etsvITS] be added as a cosponsor of the
joint resolution (S.J. Res. 117) to pro-
vile that it be the sense of Congress that
a White House Conference on Aging be
called by the President.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
SENATE RESOLUTION 282?RESOLU-
TION TO PRINT AS A SENATE DOC-
UMENT A REPORT BY SENATOR
?TENDER ENTITLED "REVIEW OF
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
OPERATIONS IN SOUTH ASIA"
Mr. ELLENDER submitted the follow-
ing resolution (S. Res. 282) ; which was
re [erred to the Committee on Rules and
Administration:
S. RES. 282
Resolved, That a report entitled "Review
of United States Government Operations in
South Asia", submitted by Senator ALLEN J.
ELLENDER to the Senate Committee on Ap-
propriations on April 2, 1968, be printed as
a Senate document; and that two thousand
two hundred additional copies of such docu-
ment be printed for the use of that commit-
tee.
SENATE RESOLU LION 283---RESOLU-
TION TO PRINT ADDITIONAL
COPIES OF THE SENATE REPORT
TO ACCOMPANY S. ,917, THE SAFE
STREETS AND CRIME CONTROL
ACT
McCLELLAN submitted a resolu-
tion (S. Res. 283) authorizing the print-
ing of additional copies of the Senate Re-
port to accompany S. 917, the Safe
Streets and Crime Control Act, which
was considered and agreed to.
;See the above resolution printed in
full when submitted by Mr. McCLELLAN,
which appears under a separate head-
ing.)
OMNIBUS CRIME CONTROL AND
SAFE STREETS ACT OF 1967?
AMENDMENT
AMENDMENT NO. 708
Mr. HRUSKA. Mr. President, earlier
today there has been reported to the
Senate, out of the Senate Committee on
the Judiciary, S. 917 together with a re-
port thereon, including minority, indi-
vidual, and additional views.
In due and proper time, this Senator,
on behalf of himself and several of his
colleagues, will call up an amendment in
the nature of a substitute to title IV of
said bill.
At this time I submit the amendment,
and ask that it be printed.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that a sectional analysis of the pro-
visions of this amendment be printed in
the RECORD at this point. I ask further
unanimous consent that the text of that
amendment itself be printed in the REC-
ORD following the analysis referred to.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
amendment will be received, printed, and
will lie on the table; and, without objec-
tion, the analysis and amendment will
be printed in the RECORD.
The analysis, presented by Mr. HRUSKA,
is as follows:
SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROVISIONS OF
AMENDMENT
PART A? FEDERAL FIREARMS ACT AMENDMENTS
Section 901
Section 901 of amendment?amends sec-.
tion 1 of the Federal Firearms Act (52 Stat.
1250) by restating and clarifying existing
definitions contained in the act and adding
several new definitions.
The definition of "person" is unchanged.
The terms "interstate or foreign commerce,"
"firearm," "manufacturer," "dealer," and
"fugitive from justice," have been restated
and clarified. The term "ammunition" has
been deleted. The terms "State," "pawn-
broker," "Secretary," "indictment," and
"published ordinance" are new.
Paragraph (1)
The definition of the term "person" in
paragraph (1) of amendment--is unchanged
from the existing law (15 U.S.C. 901(1) ).
Paragraph (2)
Paragraph (2) of section 901 of amend-
ment?adds a new definition "State" to sim-
plify and clarify later provisions of the bill
and the existing law. The Canal Zone is in-
cluded in the definition. Previously it was
excluded. Also included are the Common-
wealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin
Islands, and American Samoa, the principal
Commonwealth and possessions of the United
States,
Paragraph (3)
Paragraph (3) restates the existing defini-
tion of "interstate or foreign commerce"
(15 U.S.C. 901(2) ). However, language has
been removed that has been defined in para-
graph (2) above.
Paragraph (4)
Paragraph (4) restates the definition of
"firearm" and revises it to exclude from the
act antique firearms made in 1898 or earlier.
Also mufflers and silencers for firearms are
removed from the definiiton.
The year 1898 was selected as the "cutoff"
date on the basis of testimony presented to
Congress by several gun collectors organize- ?
tions and to be conssistent with the regula-
tions on importation of firearms issued by
the Department of State pursuant to section
414 of the Mutual Security Act of 1954.
Mufflers and silencers for firearms are ex-
cluded from coverage since these items are
included presently in the National Firearms
Act (Ch. 53 of the Internal Revenue Code of
1954). This act provides for heavy transfer
taxes and registration of all such items.
Also excluded from the present definition
of the term "firearm" Is "any part or parts" of
a firearm. Experience in the administration
of the Federal Firearms Act has indicated
that it is impractical to treat each small part
as if it were a firearm. The revised definition
substitutes the words "frame or receiver" for
the words "any part or parts,"
Added to the term "firearm" are weapons
which "may be readily converted to" a fire-
arm. The purpose of this addition is to in-
clude specifically any starter gun designed
for use with blank ammunition which will
or which may be readily converted to expel
a projectile or projectiles by the action of
an explosive. Starter pistols have been found
to be a matter of serious concern to law
enforcement officers.
Paragraph (5)
The definition of the term "handgun" in
paragraph (5) is a new provision. This defini-
tion is necessary because of later provisions
of the bill which have application solely to
these firearms. There is no intention that
handguns be exempted from any of the other
provision of amendment since a handgun is
a firearm within the meaning of paragraph
(4) above.
The term includes "pistols," "revolvers"
and "any other weapons originally designed
to be fired by the use of a single hand"
which are made to be fired by the use of
a single hand and which are designed to fire
or are capable of firing fixed cartridge
ammunition.
Paragraph (6)
The definition of the term "manufacturer"
is a restatement of existing law (15 U.S.C.
901(4) ) except that references to ammuni-
tion, cartridge cases, primers, bullets, or pro-
pellant powder" have been striken.
This deletion was made because experience
in the administration of the Federal Firearms
Act has showed that it is extremely difficult
to control interstate and foreign commerce
in ammunition.
The requirement that the manufacturer be
"in the business of" manufacturing or im-
porting firearms has been added to the defini-
tion to conform with a similar provision in
the definition of "dealer."
Paragraph (7)
The definition of the term "dealer" is a
restatement of existing law (15 U.S.C. 901(5) )
except that references to "ammunition, Car-
tridge cases, primers, bullets, or propellant
powder" have been stricken as in the defini-
tion of "manufacturer" above.
The word ."special" has been stricken from
the definition since a gunsmith or other per-
son in the business of repairing firearms
should be required to comply with the pro-
visions of the Federal Firearms Act if he fits
only barrels which do not fall into "special"
category.
The words "or breech mechanism" have
been stricken because they are unnecessary
to a complete description of the functions
performed by a person in the business of
repairing firearms.
Other minor rephrasing of the language in
the definition has been made to clarify the
existing language.
Paragraph (8)
The definition of the term "pawnbroker"
is a new provision. Pawnbroker dealers are
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April 25, .1968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- Extensions of Remarks E 3383
if they are to continue their present pace
of economic development while avoiding
an intolerable debt burden.
A replenishment of IDA's resources will
assure the continued flow of capital re-
sources to developing nations on terms
they can afford. And it will be money
wisely and soundly spent, for the Asso-
ciation has achieved a high reputation
for efficient management of its resources.
IDA must not be permitted to go out
of business for want of adequate funds.
Pronipt action by the United States is
essential in order to bring this second
replenishment promptly. Like the 17
other nations that have pledged addi-
tional resources, the United States must
show that it is still resolved to help the
developing nations build better lives-for
their people.
Lawrence F. O'Brien
HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE
Or MASSACHUSETTS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday,. April 24, 1968
Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, Lawrence F.
O'Brien has served his country as Post-
master General with effectiveness and
efficiency, and he has established a rec-
ord as head of his Department which will
be difficult to surpass.
During his term of service there has
been a great forward movement in the
Post Office. There has been greater pro-
ductivity through better utilization of
employees. There has been moderniza-
tion, mechanization, stepped-up research
programs, expansion of data-processing
systems, and construction of facilities.
All this has been done in the face of
an ever-increasing volume of mail, and
It has been done with a consistent effort
to keep the cost to the American tax-
payer down.
As ranking Republican member of the
House Appropriations' Treasury-Post Of-
fice Subcommittee, I have had an oppor-
tunity to see the tremendous job he has
done in this difficult position. Larry
' O'Brien has been the innovator of many
new ideas, and he has given the employ-
ees of the Department the necessary mo-
tivation to get the job done.
In a recent letter to me, Larry recalled
our work together during which time
many difficult and politically sensitive
subjects have been considered.
He wrote:
During all of my many contacts with you
end the Committee, I have never detected
-the slightest partisan element that might
have diverted attention from what you con-
eidered to be in the best interests of the Post
Office Department and the American people.
Throughout all of our years of work
together' Larry O'Brien has consistently
proven that the best interests of his
Department have been uppermost in his
? own mind, and I am deeply grateful to
him for the recognition he has accorded
me,
His clear, concise, and bold approach
to the problems of the Department have
given a new dimension to the Post Office,
and this Department is doing a better
job today than it has ever done before in
its history.
Larry O'Brien has been a valued friend
of mine for many years, and our personal
and working relationship has been a
close and a fruitful one. He deserves the
congratulations of the House of Repre-
sentatives for accepting the challenge of
the Post Office, and for the vigorous
steps he has taken from his very first day
in office.
I firmly believe that if there was ever
a man in this country who has had the
ability to resolve the vexing problems
confronting his Department?and any
problems he may face in the future?
that man is Larry O'Brien.
His record of service here in Washing-
ton is an illustrious one, and one of
which he and all his family can be justly
proud.
All of his years have been character-
ized by loyal and dedicated public
service.
I am certain that I do not stand
alone?either among the members of my
committee or among my colleagues in
the House?in offering Larry O'Brien
our best wishes on a job well done.
The whole Nation owes him a debt of
gratitude.
Conquest of Inner Space
HON. JAMES H. (JIMMY) QUILLEN
OF TENNESSEE
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, April 25, 1968
Mr. QUILLEN. Mr. Speaker, at the re-
cent National School Boards Associa-
tion's 28th annual convention in Detroit,
one of the highlights of the convention
was a presentation of a paper on "New
Ideas in School Building." It was
presented by Dr. Homer Mincy, who is
Superintendent of Schools of Greene-
ville, Tenn. For the interest of our col-
leagues and other readers of the RECORD,
I insert Dr. Mincy's presentation at this
point:
CONQUEST OF INNER SPACE
Horace Mann wrote in 1838: "When it is
considered that more than five-sixths of all
the children in the state spend a consider-
able portion of their lives in the schoolhouse,
the general condition of those buildings and
their influence on the young stand forth at
once as topics of prominence and magnitude.
The construction of schoolhouse connects it-
self closely with the love of study, with
proficiency, health, anatomical formation,
and length of life." The only change to be
made in Mann's observations as applied to
1968 would be that all of the children spend
a considerable portion of their lives in the
classroom. In some instances, one might also
compare some of our present conditions with
Mann's charge of 130 years ago that "from
the had construction of our schoolhouses
there is more physical suffering endured by
our children in them than by prisoners in
our jails and prisons."
Any school building must realize one major
purpose?the facilitation of the educational
program and the architect's primary respon-
sibility becomes the creation of a physical
environment which will contribute to and
facilitate the performance of the many edu-
cational tasks and functions defined. That
the need for flexibility and adoptability to be
built into every building is essential is ob-
vious when one considers that educational
theory is iii such a constant state of growth
and we live in an unsurpassed era of tech-
nological advancement.
In assessing existing or projected school
buildings one must observe that school con-
struction is moving away from puritan aus-
terity?the guilt complex about comfort is
no longer prevalent. Children are winning a
new right: the right to be comfortable. Com-
fort, according to some who have worked in
the field of establishing a satisfatcory physi-
cal environment, can make as much as 15
per cent difference in the productivity of
children and teachers.
Within the framework I have indicated, it
would seem appropriate to entitle my re-
marks, "Conquest of Inner Space." It is
within the interiors of school buildings that
new ideas in school buildings are being
effected.
Nearly ten years ago, Educational Facilities
Laboratory in The Cost of a Schoolhouse
projected nine concepts of school buildings
of the future, prime considerations for school
planners in 1968. Four concepts drawn from
the original nine tell how inner space of
school facilities is being conquered.
(The remaining portion of the presenta-
tion will involve the showing of approxi-
mately sixty (60) slides which are descrip-
tive of the concepts: (1) new forms and sur-
faces; (2) flexibility; (3) children learn from
teachers and machines; and (4) the learning
environment. The concepts to be established
could be summarized as follows:
1. New Forms and Surfaces?The slides
will explore the thesis that new exterior
forms and materials are being utilized today
that enable the architect to spend less money
on the exterior of the building in order that
interior space may more adequately enhance
the learning situation.
2. Flexibility?These slides will show how
open or divisible spaces can provide for a
more functional program.
3. Children Learn from Teachers and Ma-
chines?Slides will indicate changes that are
taking place through provision for a more
highly integrated use of all teaching media.
4. The Learning Environment?Accent will
be on the visual environment, the thermal
environment, the acoustical environment,
and furniture and equipment.)
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
HON. SPARK M. MATSUNAGA
OF HAWAII
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thur,sday, April 25, 1968
Mr. MATSUNAGA, Mr. Speaker, a very,
moving poem which underscores the sad-
ness felt throughout the Nation over the
loss of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., has
been written by a former Hawaii circuit
court judge, the Honorable Maurice
Sapienza, now a distinguished Milwaukee
attorney.
In the confidence that it will be ap-
preciated by my eolleagues and readers
of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, I insert
Mr. Sapienza's poem at this point in the
RECORD:
DR. MARTIN LUTHER KI/VG, JR.
(By Maurice Sapienza)
I had a dream . . .
And though I shall dream no more,
Will you dream
Of racism gone, of war no more?
I had a dream . . .
Of dying before life should have ended;
Of falling before I had finished standing;
Of silence before I had finished talking.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD? Extensions of Remarks April 25, 190)
Will you dream
Of hying where rights could be ended?
Of shorating where voices have not been
heard?
Of moving where no one had yet been stirred?
I had a dreain
That you will dream
What I no longer dream.
IE Civil Service Retirement
An/glides
N. FRED SCHIATENGEL
021' IOWA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
rhursday, April 25, 1968
Mr. SCHWENGm,? me, speaker, / am
Introducing a bill to establish the prin-
ciple Of parity in civil service retirement
annuities. It is introduced to correct the
present inequities in such annuities as
the.reselit of different retirement for-
IOW& over the past years which have in
no Ineans been compensated by ,small
aeresS-the-board percentage increases
and iteent adjustments in line with per-
tentage Increases in the Consumer Price
inse.administration and the respective
emoMittees concerned have been unques-
, tionably influenced by the joint report of
the Annan of the Budget, the Civil Serv-
ice Cebunission, and the Cabinet Coin-
Mitts* on Federal Staff Retirement Sys-
teMS CH.. Doc, 42,, 88th Cong.), which,
while admitting that "it is the respon-
sibility of the Government to maintain
the annuities of its retirees and survivors
at a living comparable to what. they had,
and rightfully expected to have at the
tithe of retirement,' maintains that "the
prenent method of making adjustments
based cm increases in the Consumer Price
Index aerves this purpose well and should
be maintained." This contention is re-
futed ter stateinents by the U.S. Depart-
Ment of Labor in its recent publication
entitled ``'The Consumer Price Index?A
Short Description 1967," which asserts
that the Index applies to wage earners
with annual pay of $8,000 or more and is
"not,dlffctlY applicable to any other oc-
groltp" sueh as the civil re-
include professional, tech-
rs, managera and salary
employees in general whose annuities to-
day average the pitiful sum of $224 per
month?less than the U.S. Government-
established poverty level. Yet the Con-
gress has not hesitated to grant funds
and increases to various antipoverty pro-
grams and social security recipients and
Federal employees, which has further
increased living costs and turned the
screw harder on the retirees.
Full comparability or parity which the
Commission agrees is the retirees due,
has in turn owed these civil retirees ever
since they retired from the loyal service
they gave their Government.
One of their number has submitted a
report dated October 2, 1967, and another
on March 21, 1968, which conclusively
shows that parity is owed there now by
their former employer, the U.S. Govern-
merit. The bill being introduced is in line
With the proposed draft furnished all
members of both committees and certain
other Members of the Congress. It is a
fair compromise in not, requiring parity
immediately but providing that parity
for annuities of less than $675 per month
would be attained in four successive steps
at 6-month intervals, with lesser adjust-
ments to none receiving hi-excess of that
amount.
This bill will not only give these civil
retirees the annuities owed them by the
Government and long overdue, but
greatly enhance civil service itself and
attract the desirable employees neces-
sary in normal times and emergencies.
The initial cost would be approxi-
mately $250 to $290 million, small in
comparison to the benefits other Federal
employees have received.
Come Let Us Reason Together
HON. JOHN R. RARICK
OW tomerasta
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, April 25, 1968
Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, Rhodesia's
Prime Minister, Ian D. Smith, finds that
neither the British nor we in the United
States are susceptible to reason so long
as his country can be used as a political
checker on the international board. All
facts, decency, and settlement are irrele-
vant so long as the U.N. and its con-
trolling minority need a whipping boy.
Inthe United States, our presidential
aspirants plead to sit at a peace table
with Communists, but as to Rhodesia,
oppose even letting Prime Minister
Smith enter the United States to defend
his position under the Anglo-Saxon con-
cept of free speech and fairness.
By de facto Executive order, admitting
our subservience to the U.N. tribal chief-
tains, we boycott Rhodesian chrome
mines owned by Americans so we can
buy from the Russian Bolsheviks.
The American people wonder just who
is controlling the direction of our Gov-
ernment because the gobbledygook does
not represent the wishes of the majority
of our people.
Have we become a puppet of the U.N.
or a satellite of Russia? What is the
difference?
I include Prime Minister I. D. Smith's
speech before Rhodesian Parliament
February 1, 1968, following my remarks.
Some of our press, quick to quote the
Communists every word, cannot find
space for leaders of responsible govern-
ment.
SETTLEMENT OF CONSTITUTIONAL Issue
(Report of a statement in the Rhodesian Par-
liament on February 1, 1966, by Prime Min-
ister I. D. Smith)
The Palate MINISTER: It IS my intention
this afternoon to deal with the main issue
which is before this House and that is the
suggestion that it is the Rhodesian Govern-
ment which is responsible for the break which
has taken place in talks between ourselves
and the British Government,
THE CHIEFS
In order to support his case the mover put
forward various arguments. The first one
concerned the chiefs and here the hon.
member's argument, I believe, was based on
a facile legal argument in which he suggested
that chiefs could not be.equated to members
of Parliament but with civil servants because
as he asserted, they were appointed and dis-
missed in terms of the African Affairs Act.
This Act, as hon. members know, gives effec!,
to the recognition of the appointment of tiw
chiefs according to customary law and this.
of course, is nothing new in Rhodesia.
He says that members of Parliament are
paid by the state; I wonder then who pays
the chiefs and the judges, who makes the
finance available? It Is only through the au-
thority of this House. There can be no dis-
tinction between the source from which
these various funds ore derived. The chiefs
derive their position not from election nor
from appointment. but from hereditary
rights in accordance with the laws and cus-
toms of each tribe which determines the rule
of succession. There are various complicated
procedures that have in be followed and spir-
itual approval secured before selection and
before appointment.
These are the factors that are involved in
the formal confirmation of approval: exem-
plifying the fact that there is no questionof
arbitrary appointment by Government?but
only in accordance with the customs and
habits of the people-- is the situation that
obtained recently in the Darwin district.
where it was 15 years before a chief was se-
lected, simply and solely because the spirits
had not spoken. It should be known that the
chiefs are spokesmen for, and representatives
of, their people and they are as conscious of
their duty towards their people as hon. mem-
bers opposite, many of whom have the sup-
port of no more than a couple of dozen voters
on the voters' roll. The votes in elections have
no mystic qualities to make this particular
system superior to any other.
I would like to quote from the report of
Dr. Paterson, 1962, and here was an unbiased
gentleman who came from Britain to carry
out an investigation in our country, and he
said this at one stage in his report: "A chief
cannot be fitted into any European political
or administrative arrangement without great
difficulty because he is a figure unknown to
European conception. He is a compound of
father in a widespread kinship system of re-
markable endurance, of priest in a focus on
occasions of deep feeling of ritual or mystical
nature, of judge responsible for articulating
the norms and standards of the tribe, as well
as holding its members together in harmoni-
ous relations, a figurehead personifying the
tribe, its sense of well-being. unity and se-
curity, and the emblem of the ancient past.
Yet no chief is all of this and each is differ-
ent from the other."
I would like to refer air a moment to the
Blue Book which was preduced by this Gov-
ernment after the Tiger talks, which indi-
cates very clearly, I would say, how the
British Government knew the position. Per-
haps before dealing with that I should spend
a moment or two dealing with the contribu-
tion on chiefs by the Leader of the Opposi-
tion, because I think the two go together. He
said: "I would like to say this, that the
chiefs, much as we respect them as Africans,
we have more than once, in fact we have
always, said that their role is not that of
a politician, their role is in the Tribal Trust
Lands". He claims their role is to look after
their tribesmen. That is indeed correct and,
in fact, it confirms two points which I have
made, the first of which I made to the Prime
Minister of Britain when I pointed out to
him that chiefs were Africans. He did not
seem to believe this. It seems to be quite
clear from the statement of the Leader of
the Opposition that they are. It also supports
the stand that we have consistently taken
as far as chiefs are concerned, because we
believe they are not politicians and that they
should be aloof from the hurly-burly of
politics and we believe that their place
should be in the Senate. We have consistently
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April 3, 1968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
filled the letter and spirit of these new
provisions.
Congress directed that the Food for
Freedom program should encourage in-
ternational trade.
?In 1967 world trade in agricultural
products reached an all-time high
of $33.9 billion, nearly 20 percent
higher than in 1966.
Congress directed that the Food for
Freedom program should encourage an
expansion of export markets for our own
agricultural commodities.
J.?In the past two years, this nation
has enjoyed unparalleled prosperity
in agricultural exports. Since 1960
our agricultural exports have grown
from $3.2 billion to $5.2 billion?a
gain of 62 percent.
Congress directed that we should con-
tinue to use our abundance to wage an
unrelenting war on hunger and malnu-
trition.
--During 1967 we dispatched more
than 15 million metric tons of food
to wage the war on hunger?the
equivalent of 10 pounds of food for
every member of the human race.
Congress determined that our Food for
Freedom program should encourage gen-
eral economic progress in the developing
countries.
?Our food aid has helped Israel, Tai-
wan, the Philippines, and Korea
build a solid record of economic
achievement. With our help, these
nations 'have now, moved into the
coMmercial market, just as Japan,
Italy, Spain and others before them.
Congress determined that our food aid
should help first and foremost those
countries that help themselves.
?Every one of our 39 food aid agree-
ments in 1967 committed the receiv-
ing country to a far-reaching pro-
gram of agricultural self-help. Many
of these programs are already
bringing record results.
Congress directed that we should move
as rapidly as possible from sales for
foreign currency to sales for dollars.
?Of the 22 countries participating in
the Food for Freedom program in
1967, only four had no dollar pay-
ment provision. Last year, six coun-
tries moved to payments in dollars
or convertible local currencies.
Congress directed that we should use
Food for Freedom to promote the foreign
pblicy of the United States.
Statistics alone cannot measure how
Food for Freedom has furthered Amer-
ica's goals in the world. Its real victories
lie in the minds of millions who now
know that America, cares. Hope is alive.
Food for Freedom gives men an alterna-
tive to despair.
Last year was a record year in world
farm output. With reasonable weather,
1968 can be even better. New agricultural
technology is spreading rapidly in the
developed countries. New ceretal varie-
ties are bringing unexpectedly high
yields in the developing lands. An agri-
cultural revolution is in the making.
This,rekaort shows clearly how much
we haVe. contributed o th ,fevolUtion
In the past year. But the breakthrough
Is only beginning'. 'The pride in accom-
plishments today will seem small beside
the progress we can make tomorrow.
LYNDON B. JOHNSON.
THE WHITE HOUSE, April 3, 1968.
MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE
A message from the House of Repre-
sentatives by Mr. Bartlett, one of its
reading clerks, announced that the
House had disagreed to the amendments
of the Senate to the bill (HR. 15414)
to continue the existing excise tax rates
on communication services and on auto-
mobiles, and to apply more generally
the provisions relating to payments of
estimated tax by corporations, agreed to
the conference asked by the Senate on
the disagreeing votes of the two Houses
thereon, and that Mr. MILLS, Mr. KING
of California, Mr. BOGGS, Mr. BYRNES
of Wisconsin, and Mr. CURTIS were ap-
pointed managers on the part of the
House at the conference.
The message also announced that the
House had passed the following bills, in
which it requested the concurrence of
the Senate:
H.R. 12119. An act for the relief of Joseph
M. Hepworth;
H.R. 15591. An act for the relief of Pfc.
John Patrick Collopy, US51615166; and
HM. 15979. An act to amend the act of
August 1, 1958, in order to prevent or mini-
mize injury to fish and wildlife from the use
of insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and
pesticides, and for other purposes.
ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED
The message further announced that
the Speaker had affixed his signature to
the following enrolled bills, and they were
signed by the Vice President:
S. 109. An Set to prohibit unfair trade
practices affecting producers of agricultural
products, and for other purposes;
S. 172. An act for the relief of Mrs. Daisy G.
Merritt;
S. 1580. An act for the relief of John W.
Rogers;
H.R. 7325. An act to authorize the Secretary
of the Interior to exchange certain Federal
lands for certain lands owned by Mr. Robert
S. Latham, Albany, Oreg.;
H.R. 10599. An act relating to the Tiwa
Indians of Texas; and
H.R. 11254. An act for the relief of Jack L.
Good.
HOUSE BILLS REFERRED
The following bills were severally read
twice by their titles and referred as
Indicated:
H.R. 12119. An act for the relief of Joseph
M. Hepworth; and
H.R. 15591. An act for the relief of Pfc.
John Patrick Collopy, US51615166; to the
Committee on the Judiciary.
H.R. 15979. An act -to amend the act of
August 1, 1958, in order to prevent or mini-
mize injury to fish and wildlife from the use
of insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and
pesticides, and for other purposes; to the
Committee on Commerce.
REPORTS OF COMMI EES
The following reports of committees
were submitted;
By Mr. ANDERSON, from the Joint Com-
mittee on Atomic Energy, without amend-
ment.
S 3803
S. 3262. A bill -to authorize appropriations
to the Atomic Energy Commission in accord-
ance with section 261 of the Atomic Energy
Act of 1954, as amended, and for other pur-
poses (Rept. No. 1074) .
By Mr. BIBLE, from the Committee on the
District of Columbia, without amendment:
HR. 5799. An act to amend the District of
Columbia Uniform Gifts to Minors Act to
provide that gifts to minors made under such
act may be deposited in savings and loan
associations and related institutions, and for
other purposes (Rept. No. 1075) .
By Mr. BIBLE, from the Committee on the
District of Columbia, with an amendment:
S. 2015. A bill to amend section 11-1902,
District of Columbia Code, relating to the
duties of the coroner of the District of
Columbia (Rept. No. 1076) .
By Mr. BIBLE, from the Committee on the
District of Columbia, with amendments:
S. 2496. A bill to authorize the Commis-
sioner of the District of Columbia to enter
into and renew reciprocal agreements for
police mutual aid on behalf of the District of
Columbia with the local governments in the
Washington metropolitan area (Rept. No.
1077).
EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF
COMMITTEES
As in executive session,
The following favorable reports of
nominations were submitted:
By Mr. EASTLAND, from the Committee
on the Judiciary:
William C. Keady, of Mississippi, to be
U.S. district judge for the northern district
of Mississippi.
By Mr. MONRONEY, from the Committee
on Post Office and Civil Service:
John H. Johnson, of Illinois, to be a mem-
ber of the Advisory Board for the Post Office
Department; and
Two hundred and twenty-nine postmaster
nominations.
BILLS INTRODUCED
Bills were introduced, read the first
time, and, by unanimous consent, the
second time, and referred as follows:
By Mr. JACKSON (by request) :
S. 3275. A bill to amend the act of Febru-
ary 14, 1931, relating to the acceptance of
gifts for the benefit of Indians; to the Com-
mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs.
(See the remarks of Mr. JACKSON when he'
kintroduced the above bill, which appear
under a separate hearing.)
By Mr. BREWSTER:
S. 3276. A bill to modernize certain provi-
sions of the Civil Service Retirement Act,
and for other purposes; to the Committee
on Post Office and Civil Service.
S. 3277. A bill to strengthen the criminal
penalties for the mailing, importing, or
transpdrting of obscene matter, and for other
purposes; to the Committee on the Judiciary.
(See the remarks of Mr. BREWSTER when he
Introduced the above bills, which appear
under separate headings.)
By Mr. MAGNUSON (by request) :
S. 3278. A bill to provide for the authority
for passenger vessels to operate as trade-fair
exhibition ships; to the Committee on Com-
merce.
(See the remarks of Mr. MAPNUSON when he
introduced the above bill, which appear
under a separate heading.)
By Mr. RIBICOFF:
S. 3279. A bill for the relief of Col. Heinz
Eisenberg, U.S. Army Reserve (retired) ; to
the Committee on the Judiciary.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE April 3, 1968
S. 3275?,INTRODUCTION OF BILL RE-
LATING TO THE ACCEPTANCE OF
GIFTS FOR THE BENEFIT OF
INDIANS
Mr. JACKSON. Mr. President, I intro-
duce, for appropriate reference, a bill to
amend the act of February 14, 1931, re-
lating to the acceptance orgifts for the
benefit of Indians.
The Department of the Interior, by
Letter of December 11, 1967, requested
the introduction of this legislation. I ask
unanimous consent that the letter from
Assistant Secretary Harry R. Anderson
explaining the need for the legislation
oe printed in the RECORD following my
remarks.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill
will be received and appropriately re-
ferred; and, without objection, the letter
will be printed in the RECORD.
The bill (S. 3275) to amend the act of
February 14, 1931, relating to the ac-
ceptance of gifts for the benefit of
Indians, introduced by Mr. JACKSON, by
request, was received, read twice by its
title, and referred to the Committee on
Interior and Insular Affairs.
The letter, presented by Mr. jscicsoN,
is as follows:
MS. DEPARTMENT 01' THE INTERIOR,
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY,
Washington, DO., December 11, 1967.
Ron. Husnar H. HUMPHREY,
President of the Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Itfa. PRESIDENT: unclosed is a draft of
1, proposed bill "To amend the Act of Febru-
ary 14, 1931, relating to the acceptance of
3ifts for the benefit of Indians."
We recommend that the bill be referred to
the appropriate committee for considera-
don, and we recommend that it be enacted.
The 1931 Act reads as follows:
"The Secretary of the Interior be, and he
,s hereby authorized in his discretion to ac-
eept contributions or donations of funds or
other property, real, personal, or mixed, which
nay be tendered to, or for the benefit of,
:Federal Indian schools, hospitals, or other
nstitutions conducted for the benefit of In-
dians, or for the advancement of the Indian
'ace, and to apply or dispose of such done-
dons for the use and benefit of such school,
Aospital, or other institution or for the bene-
.1t at individual Indians."
The Act permits the acceptance of done-
dons for the benefit of Indian institutions
or for the advancement of the Indian race.
:It permits the donations to be used only for
;he benefit of an Indian institution or for the
13enefit of individual Indians.
The requirement that the donations be
used for the benefit of an Indian institution
or individual Indians raises doubts about
;he use of the donations for such things as
research on educational curriculum to meet
the special needs of Indian children; research
on the special social adjustment problems of
'Indian families and individuals; projects to
develop Indian communities and community
leadership; museums to preserve Indian cul-
ture and promote understanding of Indian
people; and cooperative projects for housing
improvement or resource development.
In order to clarify the Act and to permit
she use of donations for any purpose that
will contribute to the advancement of the
:ndian people within the framework of pro-
grams otherwise authorized by law, the Act
should be rephrased. Our proposed bill would
accomplish this result.
At the present time about 635,000 of do-
nated funds- is on -hand.
It should be noted that the Department
has in the past encouraged donations to be that annuities will be anti6mlicalldr in- a decision as to its acceptability. If the
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made to charitable organizations or to tribal
governments when they were best able to
administer the gift, and that practice will
be continued. When the gift needs to be ad-
ministered by the Secretary, however, he
should have broader authority than is now
contained in the 1931 Act.
The Bureau of the Budget has advised
that there is no objection to the presenta-
tion of this draft bill from the standpoint of
the Administration's program.
Sincerely yours,
HARRY R. ANDERSON,
Assistant Secrelary of the Into ior.
S. 32'75
A bill to amend the Act of February 14, 1931,
relating to the acceptance of gifts for the
benefit of Indians
Be it enacted by the Senate and House
of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That the Act
of February 14, 1931 (46 Stat. 1106, 25 11.5.0.
451), is amended to read as follows:
"The Secretary of the Interior may accept,
donations of funds or other property for the
advancement of the Indian race, and he may
use the donated property in accordance with
the terms of the donation in furtherance
of any program authorized by other previ-
sion of law for the benefit of Indians."
S. 32 ODUCTION OF BILL TO
MODERNIZE CERTAIN PROVISIONS
OF THE CIVIL SERVICE REAIRE-
MENT ACT
BRE'WSTe.a. Mr. President, each
year various laws are enacted which
benefit our Federal employees either
through direct pay increases, or in im-
proved and extended fringe benefits.
Over the years, too, there have been a
variety of bills introduced which would
make liberal changes in the benefits af-
fecting our Federal employees when they
retire. However, these individual bills
have stayed in committee iiithout action
and have been reintroduced session after
session. I think our retirees, after serv-
ing their Government for nearly a life-
time, deserve better than this.
Individually, these bills affect only a
small part of the retirement system. To-
gether, they form the basis for a signifi-
cant overhaul and modernization of the
regulations governing retirees.
First, the bill I introduce today will
caange the computation formula on
annuities by providing that after an em-
ployee completes 10 years of service, all
past and future service will be creditable
at a 2-percent rate. Presently it is 11/2
percent for the first 5 years and 1% per-
cent for the next 5. These figures would
apply only to service of fewer than 10
years.
Second, a surviving spouse would re-
ceive 60 percent of the employee's
earned annuity rather than the 55 per-
cent provided for under today's regula-
tions. This percentage has not been in-
creased since 1962 and would, I feel, be
completely justified in view of the rise in
the cost oT lying in the past 6 years. It
would also tend to equalize annuity pay-
ments with the adjustments made last
year in the Social Security Act.
The automatic cost-of-living formula
for the adjustment of annuities has been
most recently attacked by retirees who
claim that they do not receive as regular
or as- high an -increase as the Federal
creased whenever the cost of living goes
up as much as 3 percent and stays up
for 3 months in a row. Such annuity in-
creases equal the percentage rise in the
cost of living. My bill would cut down
on the time a retiree has to wait to re-
ceive an increase in annuities by making
the 'automatic adjustment formula go in-
to effect after the price index has risen
by 2 percent for 2 consecutive months.
The definition of basic pay is changed
by this bill to include in the computation
of annuities overtime or premium pay
earned by an employee. The employee
certainly works for this extra pay, and
I believe should have it credited to his
account when he retiree.
The present penalty for survivorship
annuities works much too hard a burden
on the retiree. I prop se that the 2'/2-
percent reduction now applied only up
to $3,600 be changed to apply up to $4,-
800. Then the 10-percent reduction
would apply to annuities over $4,800
rather than all amounts over $3,600 as it
now does.
My bill further raises survivorship
benefits for children and provides for
increased contributions by covered em-
ployees, with matching agency contribu-
tions, to guarantee the necessary funding
for this liberalized pre'erion.
This bill has already been introduced
In the House of Representatives by the
Honorable THADDEUS J. DULSKI, Chair-
man of the House Post Office and Civil
Service Committee. I feel that with his
able leadership and with support in the
Senate committee for this long overdue
legislation, we can soon realize a new,
workable and certainly beneficial pro-
gram for our retired Federal employees.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill
will be received and appropriately re-
ferred.
The bill (S. 3276) to modernize cer-
tain provisions of the Civil Service Re-
tirement, Act, and for other purposes, in-
troduced by Mr. BREWSTER, VMS received,
read twice by its title, and referred to the
Committee on Post Office and Civil
Service.
S. 3277?INTRODUCTION OF BILL
RELATING TO CRIMINAL PENAL-
TIES FOR MAILING, IMPORTING,
OR TRANSPORTING OF OBSCENE
MATTER
Mr. BREWSTER. Mr. President, I am
sure that everyone of our distinguished
colleagues has had the problem of por-
nography in the mails brought to his at-
tention at one time or another by angered
constitutents, demanding that something
be done by the Federal Government to
have their names removed from the mail-
ing lists of these peddlers of of filth. I
know that the residents of Maryland find
the receipt of unsolicited pornographic
publications and similar smut an in-
vasion of the privacy of their homes.
Personally, I find the situation deplor-
able and was proud to have had a part
in support title III of last year's Postal
Revenue and Federal Salary Act. In that
measure, the President wisely enacted in-
to law provisions which would make it
possible for an addressee to judge a piece
worker do. The present formula provides of mail and, in his sole discretion, render
112356
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? HOUSE March 28, 1968
grams. The data canndt ,be an accurate ac-
counting, because in many cases the research
which leads to pollution control has other
objectives?the pollution control conse-
quences are in those cases examples of seren-
dipity. From this survey, however, will come
more than a simple accounting. The sub-
committee will assist the decisionmaking
groups in government?Congress, Office of
Science and Technology, for example?to de-
termine the extent, direction, and speed ap-
propriate for the Federal Government's pol-
lution control efforts.
But what is appropriate? A variety of an-
swers were provided in recent testimony on
the subject at hearings conducted by the
House Committee on Science and Astro-
nautics' Subcommittee on Science, Research,
and Development (the Daddario committee).
Yet all the testimony had one answer in
common: technology already in existence can
be used to give some measure of control now.
Dr. Leon W. Weinberger (FWPCA) , while
emphasizing the important role of research
and development in solving the nation's
water pollution problems, noted that many
of these problems "can be alleviated by ap-
plication of existing technology. In fact,"
he said, "in the immediate future, the most
significant progress will be made in this way."
On the subject of air pollution, Dr. R. E.
Eckardt, speaking for the American Pe-
troleum Institute, observed: "We recognize
that in some cases tentative judgments must
be made, in spite of gaps in our knowledge.
We recognize that society cannot afford to
wait until every last shred of evidence is in
before taking reasonable action." Yet, he
cautioned, "As new evidence is developed, a
reassement, and possibly new judgments,
will have to be made."
And in, the area of solid waste disposal,
the nation can improve its practices?"and
it can do it now said Dr. Richard D.
Vaughan, Chief of PHS's Solid Wastes Pro-
gram. "We have the technology to do it now,"
he continued, "and we are working to im-
prove this technology and develop tech-
niques which are not only more effective but
more economical."
In his opening remarks, Subcommittee
Chairman Emilio Q. Daddario noted: "We
should not, need not, and will not wait
upon research to act where we recognise the
problem and have a feasible solution. On
the other hand, it would be wasteful of
time and resources to pursue a crash pro-
gram where quality deterioration is only
vaguely established or where abatement costs
probably outweigh benefits."
Still one other kind of answer demands
attention. Responding to subcommittee
questions, Dr. Eckardt said that he believed
that air pollution Will be controlled?should
be controlled?but that it will probably not
be controlled solely on the basis of health.
Rather, he noted, we'll clear the air simply
because people are sick and tired of the
stench.
The pressures for environmental improve-
ment are mounting rapidly. Thus, reasonable
men must accelerate their participation in
reasonable and coordinated action to im-
prove the environment if we are to avoid
the wastefulness of over-reaction.
OUR DISTINGUISHED COLLEAGUE
PROM PATMAN'S SWITCH
(Mr. CASEY asked and was given per-
? mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute to revise and extend his remarks
and to include extraneous matter.)
Mr. CASEY. Mr. Speaker, no man in
this great botly has more loyal friends,
or is held In higher esteem, than our dis-
tinguished colleague, the gentleman from
Texas, WRIGHT PATMAN.
He has served honorably and well for
40 years, and is outranked in seniority
by only two other great Members, Speak-
er McCoRmAcx and Representative
EMANUEL CELLER. We, in the Texas dele-
gation, are especially proud of the dean
of our delegation and his great career in
this body.
It was particularly gratifying to me to
read in the Houston Chronicle's Texas
magazine last Sunday a warm and pene-
trating story about WRIGHT PATMAN. Be-
cause I know that his friends and col-
leagues will appreciate having the op-
portunity to read the article, I place it
at this point in the RECORD:
THAT MAN FROM PATIVIAN'S SWITCH
(By Lucille Uyttsrlinde)
Young Wright Patman spotted three men
sitting under a tree.
"Ah ha," he thought, "three potential
voters."
The trio watched him idly as he ambled
up.
"Howdy," Patman said. "I'm running for
Congress. You all heard of it around here?"
They fixed him with a steady gaze, then
one replied, "Yeah, we heard about it. We
heard 'em laughin' about it."
It happened on a sleepy morning 40 years
ago, in the tiny community of Weaver near
Sulphur Springs. And it contributed nothing
to the confidence of the neophyte cam-
paigner; he'd already vowed that if he lost
this first race for Congress he'd quit poli-
tics.
But he didn't lose, and today U.S. Rep.
Wright Patman of Texarkana is outranked
in seniority by only two men, Speaker Mc-
Cormack and Rep. Celler of New York.
He is unopposed for re-election to his 21st
term, which is not surprising. According to
newspaper editor J. Q. Mahaffey of Texar-
kana, folks in the First Congressional Dis-
trict say that "if Wright Patman can't get
it done, it can't be done in Washington."
The Texas congressman has built up con-
siderable seniority, and with that seniority,
influence.
He is variously known as the second most
important Texan in Washington, close friend
of Lyndon Johnson, scourge of the banking
industry and the Federal Reserve Board, and
the last of the great populists.
Patman is chairman of the prestigious
House Banking and Currency Committee,
and is so frequently in the financial news
that the New York Times once said that he
often is the financial news.
He also is ranking member of the House
Select Committee on Small Business, chair-
man of the joint House-Senate Committee
on Defense Production, and vice chairman
of the joint House-Senate Economic Com-
mittee.
Most committee chairmen and the indus-
tries their committees oversee have amica-
ble relationships. Not so Wright Patman and
the banking industry. He is an embattled
committee chairman, and when he and Wil-
liam McChesney Martin, chairman of the
Federal Reserve Board, meet in the awe-
some House Banking and Currency Commit-
tee's hearing room, there is a packed house
to hear their verbal exchanges.
Their opinion as to what is best for the
country on money and credit matters are
irreconcilable, and acrimonious statements
sometimes electrify the atmosphere.
Even so, Chairman Martin in 1965 said:
"Chairman Patman and I have been friends
for years. We disagree frequently but never
with personal animosity. He has asked for
my resignation four times this year but I
bear no ill will. I have told him that if I
decide to resign I will let him know prompt-
ly."
The "Fed," as Patmem calls the Federal
Reserve System, is out'of bias reach, and it
is probably the biggest frustration of his long
life as a legislator.
Patman says he is trying to "make the
Federal Reserve System responsive to the
best interests of the people of the United
States." He wants to shorten terms of mem-
bers of the board, require audits of the sys-
tem's books, and require that the system
go to Congress for appropriations. He also
wants the board chairman to go out of office
with the president who appoints him.
His plan would give the Congress and the
administration more control over Monetary
matters. The "hard money" proponents say
that is just what the Federal Reserve Board
was set up to prevent.
Patman's unrelenting fight against the
"hard money" forces has brought forth from
him many statements such as this:
"If we allow the bankers, who profit from
high interest, to continue to fix the interest
rates, they will soon have a high interest
mortgage on all the usable property in the
country. They do not want to own it, as that
would require them to pay taxes on it. They
much prefer to have a tax-exempt lien on it."
Consistent and persistent are two words
which describe Wright Patman. He makes
decisions only after considerable study and
documentation, then firmly adheres to them.
The thread that runs through the entire
fabric of his legislative career is his deter-
mination to work in behalf of the "little
people." Fortune magazine once referred to
him as the "Warrior From Patman Switch."
(He was born at Patman Switch, in Morris
County, named for his family and a Katy
Railroad switch.)
Patman has become a folk hero to a tre-
mendous majority of the people in his 17-
county district, and also to many people
throughout the country. '
He has been a consistent champion of
rural electrification, legislation in behalf of
the family farmer, soil conservation and
water resource measures, of rural area de-
velopment and legislation providing aid to
the development of small towns and small
business. He has opposed concentration of
economic power, monopoly and corporate
mergers which, in his opinion, diminish effec-
tive competition. He has conducted major in-
vestigations into tax-exempt private founda-
tions looking for abuses of the tax laws.
Most of his mail from home relates to
personal or community problems, not mat-
ters of national or international significance.
The biggest volume of letters concerning his
legislative activities is written, by non-
Texans. They run to comments something
like this, from a Spokane, Wash., locomo-
tive engineer:
"Just a line to let you know that way out
here in Washington there is support for you.
Keep slugging away. How I wish I could
vote for you."
Patman holds to his convictions?stub-
bornly, some say?no matter the opposition
he meets, and, in the terms of the locomo-
tive engineer, keeps slugging away. His first
major congressional fight was for the World
War I veterans bonus payment. Five vetoes
by four Presidents, beginning in 1922, failed
to deter him. The measure was passed over
Roosevelt's veto in 1.936. It was the start
of his fight with bankers and the Federal
Reserve, which sharply tightened the avail-
ability of money when the bill was passed.
He says he will never introduce a bill sole-
ly for political advantage, but he does not
object to introducing a bill that he expects
to fail if he thinks it will serve as a gathering
point for a cause he favors.
Big banking, big business and the interest
of the "little fella" are his recurring themes.
He has not been able to alter the structure
of affect the action of the Federal Reserve,
but the vice chairman 3. L. Robertson, corn-
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March 28, 1968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? HOUSE 112355
which began in 1945 when we permitted the First, premium pay: Many Federal em- lapse of time after living costs h-ave in-
French to go back into Indochina, thus re- ployees, such as agents in the customs, creased before the retiree gets any re-
versing the view held by President Roosevelt.
which continued through years of increased immigration, narcotics, and alcohol tax lief. My bill reduces the timelag by ap-
American involvement, particularly after services, as well as law enforcement em- proximately two-fifths by making the
1954, and which culminated with the deci- ployees, consistently are required to work automatic adjustment effective at the
sions of 1965 when the United States started overtime as part of their jobs. Their start of the second Month after the Price
sending its own forces into combat both in premium pay fc) this overtime work is Index has risen by 2 percent for 2 con-
South Vietnam and in bombing and shelling not now considered in computing their secutive months.
att %aka on North Vietnam. These last deci- retirement benefits. My bill corrects this Seventh, financing: The financial con-
was taken to be congressional authorization, situation by providing for calculation of dition of the civil service retirement sys-
sions. for which the Tonkin Gulf resolution
made the conflict an American war with retirement benefits on the basis of both tem is, of course, a matter of first con-
South Vietnamese support, instead of a South regular and premium pay earned by an cern to me as chairman of the Commit-
Vietnamese war with American support. employee, tee on Post Office and Civil Service. My
in the present mood of the Congress, I Second, annuity computation formula: bill will cause no increase whatever in
the financial obligations of the retire-
ment system. The bill specifically pro-
vides for increased contributions by cov-
ered employees-7 percent instead of the
present 61/2: with matching agency con-
tributions and . regular appropriation
procedures, will guarantee the necessary
funding.
The changes in the civil service retire-
ment system which I am proposing will
be referred to our Retirement Subcom-
mittee and I am asking the subcommit-
tee to give them thorough consideration.
am under no illusion that the concurrent Under present law, the formula for corn-
resolution introduced today may be adopted. PUting an employee's earned annuity is
Its introduction, therefor, is more in the his average salary multiplied by 11/2 per-
nature of a protest against the present
po:Icies which have led us deeper and deeper cent for each of his first 5 years of serv-
ile? the morass of an unwinnable war. ice; by 1% percent for each of his next
If circumstances were to change so that 5 years of service; and by 2 percent for
serious consideration might be given to the each year of service in .excess of 10.
concurrent resolution, its present abbreviated Under my bill, once an employee has
form would no doubt have to be substantially reached the 10-year mark his compute-
amended and amplified. As a practical mat- tion formula will be changed to 2 per-
ter, the simple repeal of the Tonkin Gulf
cent for each year of his total service.
resolution, without additional statements of
policy as to the course which should be The lower percentages will apply only to
tairen, would produce confusion. Many ques- annuities based on less than 10 years of
tions would remain unanswered as to the in- service. This change is in keeping with
tent of the Congress With regard to the dis- the underlying principle that the civil
position and future role of the American service retirement plan is a career ENVIRONMENTAL EQUALITY
forces now deployed in the area, program. (venture to say that many more Members (Mr. DADDARIO asked and was given
would have joined in cosponsoring this Third, penalty for survivorship provi- permission to address the House for
resolution if it were not for this practical sions: A retiring employee today must 1 minute, to revise and extend his re-
problem of how we go about undoing what take reductions of 21/e percent on the marks, and to include ex (raneous mate -
has long since been done. It is safe to say, first $3,600, and 10 percent on all over rial.)
I scelieve, that the vote on the original Ton- $3,600, of his earned annuity to provide Mr. DADDARIO. Mr. Speaker, en-
di fferent one If the then membership of the $3,600 point,
kin Gulf resolution would have been a very benefits for a surviving spouse. The vironmental quality is an issue which
House had been able to foresee the situation at which the 10 percent polarizes viewpoints between the ex-
we would be in today, 3 years later. charge begins, was set years ago when tremes of conservationists and recalci-
The resolution offered by our colleagues living costs were far lower than they trent vested interests. In the hearings of
Messrs. UDALL and FINDLEY a few weeks ago are today. It works an undue hardship the Subcommittee on, Science, Research,
and Development of the Committee on
the policy questions regarding Southeast annuities. My bill would apply the much
chew wide support because it sought to open on employees who retire on small
Science and Technology we have been
Asia. I view Mr. WoLsir's resolution as another
method of achieving the goal of securing a seeking objective testimony to separate
fairer 21/2 percent reduction to the first
reevAuation of our policy. $4,800 of earned annuity, so that the 10 out the high priority action programs in
-- k-e.., percent would affect only annuities in Pollution abatement. There is much more
excess of that amount. The net annuity to be done than annual budgets and
IfiTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION gain for a lower paid employee would be manpower limitations will afford. Thus,
TO IMPROVE CIVIL SERVICE RE- $90 a year. a strategy of waste management is nee-
TIREMENT PROGRAM Fourth, surviving children: Survivor- essary which will concentrate action on
(Mr. DULSKI asked and was given ship benefits for a child were fixed nearly well defined problems where feasible
Permission to address the House for 1 12 years ago at $600 a year if there is one solutions exist.
minute and to revise and extend his re- surviving parent and $720 per year if A recent editorial by Mr. Melvin J.
marks.) there is no surviving parent. My bill in- Josephs in Environmental Science and
Mr. DITLSKI. Mr. Speaker, I have in- creases each of those benefits by $120 a Technology states:
troduced today a comprehensive bill de- Year. Benefits for the child with one The pressures for environmental improve-
signed to modernize the civil service re- surviving parent will be $720 a year and ment are mounting rapidly. Thus, reasonable
eirement system. the child with no surviving parents will men must accelerate their participation 3. n
The bill brings together in one meas- receive $840 a year. reasonable and coordinated action to ini-
ure an array of changes and improve- Fifth, surviving spouse benefits: To- prove the environment if we are to avoid the
ments in benefits which previously have day, when an employee dies, his surviv- wastefulness of over-reaction.
been proposed individually and already ing spouse, with certain exceptions, re- Under unanimous consent, I insert the
are before our Retirement Subeornmit- ceives 55 percent of the employee's editorial referred to, as follows:
tee in various forms. earned annuity. This percentage rela- EXISTING TECHNOLOGY CAN ALLEVIATE POLLII-
There is support for updating our civil tionship was last adjusted in 1962. My 1 ION IN UNITED STATES
service retirement system so as to bring bill would raise the figure to 60 percent. Like projects anywhere, projects in tic
it closer to a par wtih retirement pro- This is justified not only on the basis of Federal Government relating to environ-
grams in progressive private industry., increased living costs but in order to mental management have proliferated. So,
My bill deals with the shortcomings maintain near parity with the adjust- to keep track of what its various agencies are
and inequities which have been of the ments made last year in the Social up to, the Federal Council for Science and
Technology's Committee on. Environmental
most concern to postal and other rank- Security Act. Quality established, about six months ago.
and-file Federal employees. There also is Sixth, automatic cost-of-living ad- a Subcommittee on Research, Development,
provision for financing the benefits. .iustment formula: In substance, present and Demonstration. This subcommittee has
Any changes in the retirement system, law grants automatic annuity adjust- already come up with what may be the best
however, must be studied carefully and ments effective on the first day of the estimate of the Federal Government's spend-
ii is my feeling that if we are going to third month that begins after the Con- ing for pollution research, development, and
make any changes at all we should look sinner Price Index has risen at least 3 1968 (see page 90).
demonstration?$251 million in fiscal year
et the overall picture and act accord- percent for 3 consecutive months above ' The estimate is derived largely from a
ingly, rather than proceeding piecemeal. its level when the last previous annuity 'survey of about 30 departments and agencies
Following is an explanation of the fea- increase writs e eeted. Tens.. i a es a sub- that at least in some measure have been fund-
,.
tures of my bill: Approved For Releastult0011013YZetfrCIPPRi3P/IER3V364ROOtiftilMM or extramural pro-