A BILL

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP59-00224A000100130022-7
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 11
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 4, 2000
• Sequence Number: 22
• Publication Date: March 1, 1955
• Content Type: OPEN

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84TH CONGRESS H ? Re 4513
1ST SESSION
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
MARCH 1, 19cS
Mr. CELrER introduced the Following bill; which was referred to the Com-
mittee on the Judiciary
A BILL
To prohibit wiretapping except by a, court-authorized Federal
officer engaged in the investigation of crimes against the
security of the United States.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
That part 1 of title 1.8 of the TTnited States Code is amended
by adding at the end thereof the following new chapter:
"CHAPTER 119--WWIRETAPPING
'See.
2501. Interception of telephone communications.
5 "? 2501. Interception of telephone communications
6 " (a) Whoever, without prior authorization from either
7 the sender or the intended recipient of a telephone common-
8 cation by common carrier, willfully intercepts, or attempts to
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1 intercept, or procures or orders any other person to intercept
2 or attempt to intercept, or conspires with any other person to
3 intercept, or attempt to intercept, such telephone communi-
4 cation shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned
5 not more than ten years, or both: Provided, however, That
6 this prohibition shall not apply to any interception of a tele-
7 phone conversation which is done in compliance with this
8 section.
9 " (b) Whenever the Attorney General has satisfied him-
10 self, on the basis of a factual showing made to him by the
11 head of a Federal agency, that a specified telephone line
12 interception may obtain evidence of the commission of any
13 of the crimes specified in subsection (3) of this section, or
14 that the specified telephone line interception may enable the
I5 Federal Government to prevent the commission of any such
1-6 crime, he may so certify in writing and designate in such
1-7 certificate any United States Attorney, Assistant United
18 States Attorney, or officer or attorney of the Department of
19 Justice to apply for an ex parte court order allowing such
20 specified telephone line interception. Such 'certificate shall
21 also designate the department or agency of the United States
22 which shall make the telephone line interception, if a court
23. order is granted.
25
" (1) The application for the ex parte court order al-
lowing the telephone line interception shall be made (A)
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1 to any judge of the district court of the United States for
2 the district within which the wire interception is sought,
3 or (B), if no such judge is readily available, to any judge
4 of the district court of the United States for a district con-
5 tiguous to the district within which the wire interception
6 is sought, or (C) , in any case, to any judge of the United
7 States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Cir-
8 cuit. Such application shall be supported by the author-
9 izing certificate of the Attorney General and by such factual
10 showing as to the facts and circumstances of the application
11 as the judge on oral examination may require to satisfy
12 himself that there is reasonable ground to believe that the
13 requested telephone line interception will result in the pro-
14 curement of evidence not otherwise obtainable of the corn-
15 mission of, or will enable the Federal Government to prevent,
16 any of the crimes specified in subsection (C) of this section.
17 Each application for a court order shall be accompanied
18 by an affidavit showing whether any previous application
19 has been made for the order asked for; and, if there has
20 been a previous application, to what judge it was made
21 and the determination made thereof, and what new facts,
22 if any, are shown upon the subsequent application that were
not previously shown. If the judge determines that the
required reasonable ground has been shown, he shall issue
an order allowing the requested telephone line interception.
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1. Each such order shall specify the name or names of the
2 person or persons whose telephone lines are to be tapped,
3 the exchange numbers of the telephone lines to be tapped,
4 the crime or crimes as to which evidence is to be obtained
5 or which are to be prevented, the name of the Federal
6 agency or department which will make the telephone line
7 interception, and the period of effectiveness of the order,
8 which shall be only for as long as the judge determines to
9 be warranted under the circumstances (which period, how-
:10 ever, shall not exceed ninety days) .
(2) Any individual designated by a Federal agency
:12 or department to make telephone line interceptions shall be
13 a duly appointed investigative officer of the department or
14 agency of the United States which the Attorney General
15 has designated to conduct the telephone line interception.
16 True copies of the court order shall be retained by the judge
17 who issued the order and by the Attorney General, but
18 the copy of the application given to the judge shall be
19 returned to the Attorney General after the judge's action
20 thereon.
21 " (3) Any court order allowing a specified telephone
22 line interception may be renewed, for periods not exceeding
23 ninety days, by the judge who originally issued the order
24 or by any other judge having jurisdiction, but only on such
25 an application (including a certificate by the Attorney Gen-
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1. eral) and supporting showing as would have warranted the
2 judge to have issued an original order in the circumstances.
3 " (4) Applications for an ex parte judicial order allow-
4 ing telephone line interceptions (or for a renewal thereof)
5 shall be heard by the judge alone, in his private chambers
6 or in the most readily available private place, without the
7 presence of anyone other than the judge and the individual
8 who presents the application (and any witnesses he may
9 bring), and the hearing and order shall be kept strictly
10 confidential by all parties thereto, except when and as the
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Attorney General directs otherwise. The judge's copy of
his order shall be kept by him in a place to which only he
has access.
" (c) Telephone line interceptions shall be authorized
15 under subsection (2) of this section only to obtain evidence
16 of the commission of, or to prevent, one or more of the
17 crimes punishable under (a) chapter 37 (dealing with
18 espionage) , chapter 55 (dealing with kidnaping), chapter
19 105 (dealing with sabotage), or chapter 115 (dealing with
20 treason, sedition, and subversive activities) of this title, or
21 (b) section 10 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1946.
22 " (d) No evidence obtained directly or indirectly by
23 means of a telephone line interception, or as a direct or
24 indirect result of such an interception, shall be received in
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1 evidence in any State or Federal court on any matter, civil
2 or criminal, or in any proceeding of any State or Federal
3 agency, unless such interception was made in compliance
4 with this section. Evidence obtained[ from or as a result
5 of telephone line interceptions pursuant to this Act shall be
6 admitted in the Federal courts only in prosecutions for
7 crimes specified in subsection (c) of this section. Any use
8 or divulgence by any person or persons of any information
9 or any evidence obtained directly or indirectly by means
-i-t
A5
of duly authorized telephone line interceptions for any pur-
pose not in accordance with this section shall be fined not
more than $5,000 or imprisoned for not more than ten years,
or both.
" (e) All of the records made at the time of each and
every actual telephone line interception, made pursuant to
this Act by authorized Federal officers., agents, or employees,
shall be preserved as Ynade, and shall be kept in sonic central
place, for a period of at least five yeairs. In the event that
evidence based on telephone line interceptions is sought to
be introduced in any proceeding, the party against whom the
,21 evidence is sought to be introduced shall have the right to
22 inspect the original complete record of the telephone line
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interceptions from which the offered evidence was. obtained
or transcribed. Evidence obtained by Federal officers,
agents, or employees shall not be admissible it any State or
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1 Federal proceeding if the party against whom the evidence
2 is offered shall not be able to inspect the original complete
3 record of the telephone line interception from which the
4 offered evidence was transcribed because that record is incom-
5 plete or in any way altered from its original form.
6 1 " (f) The Attorney General shall keep a record of
7 all requests made to hint for applications for an ex parte
8 court order, of his actions thereon, of the court orders ob-
9 tained, of the telephone line interceptions conducted there-
10 under, and of the results thereof. A public report on all
11 these matters shall be submitted to the Congress every twelve
12 mouths, which report shall be as detailed and factual as
1.3 security limitations allow. Such. reports shall show, re-
14 garding each application made for a court order during the
15 period covered by the report: the name of the judge to
16 whom the application was made, and his location, the crime
17 or crimes as to which evidence was sought or which were
18 to be prevented; whether or not the application was granted;
19 the original duration of any granted orders; the durations of
20 any renewals; and whether or not any interception resulted
21 in any prosecution and, if so, the details thereof. Each
22 report shall be filed on or before February 1 of each. year
23 and shall cover the prior calendar year. No report shall
24 refer to pending applications or interceptions then in progress.
25 Succeeding reports shall cumulate from time to time the
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above required data on each application where all of the
2 data on any application is not complete at the time of first
3 reporting thereon.
4 " (g) Since it is difficult to detect the commission of an
5 unlawful telephone line interception during the time of its
6 occurrence, the possession of equipment designed and in-
7 tended for use in telephone line interception (whether field
8 for sale, or in private possession, or otherwise, but ex-
9 eluding possession related to lawful use) by any person
.0 who is not authorized to engage in wire interception shall
X11 be presumptive, although rebuttable, evidence of an in-
12 tent and attempt to engage in untw,, ful telephone line in-
13 terceptions,and, if the presumption be not rebutted, shall be
14 punishable by a fine of not more than,$2,500 or imprison-
15 ment of not more than five years, or both.
I6 19 (h) The Attorney General shall have the power to
17 make and publish rules and regulations applicable to all FW-
18 oral agencies to govern the procedure" under which requests
19 and factual showing shall be made to him for an application
20 for an ex parte court order autborizing telephone line inter-
21 ceptions. Such rules and regulations may provide that the
22 Attorney General may delegate his- duties and responsibilities
23 under this Act to the Deputy Attorney General or to an
24: Assistant Attorney General. but not to any other official or
25 person.
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1 " (i) Nothing in this section shall be construed to author-
2 ize or to make lawful the automatic recording of a telephone
3 conversation by one or more of the parties thereto, if done
4 in violation of the applicable rules and regulations of the
5 Federal Communications Commission.
6 " (j) As used in this section-
7 " (1) The term `telephone communication' means the
8 transmission of speech and sounds of all kinds by means of
9 the telephone.
10 " (2) The terns `telephone line' means all of the facili-
11 ties, wires, devices, poles, apparatus, and machines and
12 services by means of which telephone communications are
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carried on by a common carrier.
" (3) The terms `intercepts' and `interception' mean the
obtaining of the whole or any part of a telephone com-
16 munication by means of any device, contrivance, or machine,
17 of any kind, but it shall not include eavesdropping on a
18 party line or any act or practice done in the ordinary and
19 usual course of business in the operation or use of a common
20 carrier communications system by regular employees thereof.,
21 " (4) The term `common carrier' means any person
22 engaged, as a common carrier for hire, in telephone corn-
23 munication (A) in interstate or foreign commerce, (B) b
24 intrastate commerce, if its communications facilities am
25 physically connected with the communications facilities of
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any such carrier engaged in interstate or foreign commerce,
or (C) within the District of Columbia or any Territory or
possession of the United States.
" (5) The term `person' includes an individual, partner-
ship, association, joint-stock company, trust, or corporation,
whether private or public, and regardless of public office or
status."
SEC. 2. The proviso contained in section. 605 of the Corn-
munications Act of 1934 (48 Stat. 1103; 47 U. S. C. 605)
is amended. to read as follows : "Provided, That this section
shall not apply to the interception, receiving, divulging, pub-
lishing or utilizing the contents of (a.) any radio communica-
tion broadcast or transmitted by amateurs or others for the
use of the general public or relating to ships in distress, or
(b) any wire communication intercepted by any individual
in compliance with section 245 of title 18 of the United
States Code."
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