CONGRESSIONAL RESORD - HOUSE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP57-00384R001000010006-6
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 20
• Document Creation Date: November 17, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 31, 2000
• Sequence Number: 6
• Content Type: OPEN

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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
Kruse Noland
Lane Norre1l
Lanham . , _. Norton
Lar'cade O'Brien, Ili.
Lind O'Hara, Ill.
Lucinghan O'Neill
Las O'Sullivan
McCarthy O'Toole
McConnell Pace
McCormack Passman
McDonough Patman
McGrath Patten
McGuire Peterson
McKinnon
McSweeney
Mack, ;11.
Madden
Philbin
Pickett
Poage
Poulson
Preston
Sheppard
Silees
Smathers
Spence
Staggers
Stanley
Sullivan
Tauriello
Thomas
Thompson
Thornberry
Tollefson
Trimble
Underwood
Van Zandt
Vinson
Vorys
Wagner
Walter
Whitaker
White, Idaho
Widnall
Wier
Wigglesworth
Willis
Wilson, Okla.
Wilson, Tex.
Woodhouse
Yates
Young
Zablocki
Mansfield Priest
Marcantonio Rains
Warsalls Ramsay
Martin, Mass. Rhodes
Miles, Eiehlmau
lylills Robeson
Morgan Rodino
Multer Rogers, Fla.
Murdopk Rogers, Mass.
Murphy Rooney
Murray, Tenn. Roosevelt
Nelson Sasscer
Nixon Shelley
NAYS-91
Abernethy Hall, Nicholson
Allen, Ill. Leonard W. Norblad
'Andersen, Halleck O'Hara, Minn.
. H. Carl Harden O'Konski
Anderson, Calif.Harvey Phillips, Calif.
Arends Hill Rankin
Barrett, Wyo. Hoeven Reed, Ill.
Bennett, Fla. Hoffman, Mich, Reed, N. Y.
-Bennett, Mich. Horan Bees
Bishop Hull
Boggs, Del. Jenison
Brovgn, Ohio Jenkins
Byrnes, Wis. Jennings
Case, S. Dak. Jensen
Clevenger Jonas
Cole, Kans. Kearney
Calmer Keating
Crawford Kunkel
Cunningham Latham
Davis, Wis.
D'Ewart
Dondero
Elston
Fellows
Golden
Graham
Gross
Simpson, Pa.
Smith, Kans.
Smith, Wis.
Stefan
Taber
Tackett
Talle
Velde
Vursell
Weichel
Whitten
Williams
Winstead
Withrow
Wolcott
Woodruff
LeFevre
Lichtenwalter
McCulloch
McMillen, Ill.
Mack, Wash.
Martin, Iowa
Mason
Meyer
Michener
Miller, Nebr.
Murray, Wis.
Andresen, Gamble Lyle
August H. Gary Lynch
Auchincloss Gillette McGregor
Baring Gilmer McMillan, S. C.
Barrett, Pa. Goodwin Macy
Bates, Ky. Gore Marshall
Battle Gorski Merrow
Beall Granahan Miller, Calif.
Blackney Granger Miller, Md.
13olton, Md. Green Mitchell
pykin Gwinn Monroney
Breen Hall, Morris
Brehm Edwin Arthur Morrison
Brooks Xap4 Morton
Bryson Hare Moulder
Buckley, N. Y. Hebert O'Brien, Mich.
Bulwinkle Heffernan Patterson
Burdick Heller Perkins
Burke Herlong Pfeifer,
Cannon Hinshaw Joseph L.
Carroll Hobbs Pfeiffer,
Cavalcante Hoffman, Ill. William L.
Chador Hope Phillips, Tenn.
Cole, N. Y. Irving Plumley
Cotton Jackson, Wash. Polk
Coudert James Potter
Cox Kearns Powell
Delaney Keefe Quinn
Dingell Kelley, Pa. Rabaut
Dolliver Kelly, N. Y. Redden
Durham Kennedy Regan
Eberharter Keogh Ribicoff
Engel, Mich. Kerr Richards
Fogarty Lodge Rivers
Frazier Lovre Sabath
Sadlak Smith, Ohio Walsh
Sadowski Smith, Va. Welch
St. George Steed Werdel
Sanborn Stigler Wheeler
Saylor Stockman White, Calif.
Scott, Hardie Sutton Whittington
Scott, Taylor Wickersham
Hugh D., Jr. Teague Wilson, Ind.
So the joint resolution was p
pairs :
Mr. O'Brien of Michigan
Mr. Gorski with My `Cole o ew York.
Mr. Herlong with'Mr. Cot n.
Mr. Delaney wi~tfi Mr. August H. Andresen.
Mr. Cox with Mr. Edwin Arthur Hall.
Mr. Dingell with Mr. Beall.
Mr. Steed with Mr. Hinshaw.
Mr. Stigler with Mr. Sanborn.
Mr. Wheeler with Mr. Smith of Ohio.
Mr. Teague with Mr. Stockman.
Mr. Sutton with Mr. Werdel.
Mr. Polk with Mr. Kearns.
Mr. Powell with Mr. Hope.
Mr. Wickersham with Mr. Gillette.
Mr. Redden with Mr. Hardie Scott.
Mr. Regan with Mr. Wilson of Indiana.
Mr. Welch with Mr. Miller of Maryland.
Mr. Rabaut with Mr. Morton.
Mr. Ribicoff with Mr. Keefe.
Mr. Wood with Mr. Phillips of Tennessee.
Mr. Irving with Mr. Plumley.
Mr. Joseph L. Pfeifer with Mr. Tows.
Mrs. Kelly of New York with Mr. Taylor.
Mr. Jackson of Washington with Mr.
Coudert.
Mr. Perkins with Mr. Aucbincloss.
Mr. Keogh with Mr. Wolverton.
Mr. Green with Mr. Hand.
Mr. Sadowski with Mr. James.
Mr. Boykin with Mr. Blackney.
Mr. Granahan with Mr. William L. Pfeiffer,
Mr. Kennedy with Mr. Dolliver.
Mr. Carroll with Mr. Shafer.
Mr. Miller of California with Mr. Sadlak.
Mr. Hebert with Mr. Macy.
Mr. Gary with Mr. Hugh D. Scott, Jr.
Mr. Moulder with Mr. Brehm.
Mr. Gilmer with Mr. Gwinn.
Mr. Sims with Mr. Lovre.
Mr. Heller with Mr. McGregor.
Mr, Morrison with Mr. Patterson.
Mr. Eberharter with Mr. Engel of Michigan.
Mr. Kelley of Pennsylvania with Mr. Hoff-
man of Illinois.
Mr. Fogarty with Mr. Wadsworth.
Mr. Frazier with Mr. Goodwin.
Mr. GUILL changed his vote from "nay"
to "yea."
The result of the vote was announced
as above recorded.
The doors were opened.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the
table.
FURTHER MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE
A further message from the Senate,
by Mr. McDaniel, its enrolling clerk,
announced that the Senate had passed,
with amendments in which the concur-
rence of the House is requested, a bill of
the House of the following title:
H. R. 8567. An act making appropriations
to supply deficiencies in certain appropria-
tions for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950,
and for other purposes.
The message also announced that the
Senate insists upon its amendments to
the foregoing bill, requests a conference
with the House on the disagreeing votes
-9223
of the b Hou thereon, and appoints
Mr. CKELL Mr. HAYDEN, Mr. Rus-
NLISTMENT OF ALIENS IN THE
REGULAR ARMY
House Resolution 649 and ask for its
immediate consideration.
The Clerk read the resolution, as fol-
lows :
Resolved, That immediately upon the
adoption of this resolution it shall be in
order to move that the House resolve itself
into the Committee of the Whole House on
the State of the Union for the consideration
of the bill (S. 2269) to provide for the en-
listment of aliens in the Regular Army.
That after general debate, which shall be
confined to the bill and continue not to
exceed 1 hour, to be equally divided and
controlled by the chairman and ranking
minority member of the Committee on
Armed Services, the bill shall be read for
amendment under the 5-minute rule. At
the conclusion of the consideration of the
bill for amendment, the Committee shall rise
and report the bill to the House with such
amendments as may have been adopted and
the previous question shall be considered as
ordered on the bill and amendments thereto
to final passage without intervening motion,
except one motion to recommit.
Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield
myself 1 minute.
Mr. Speaker, this resolution would
make in order the consideration of
S. 2269, a bill which has been requested
by those in charge of the Armed Forces
of this country, to permit certain aliens
to be enlisted in our Armed Forces.
Mr. Speaker, I now yield 12 minutes
to the distinguished chairman of the
House Committee on Armed Services, the
gentleman from Georgia [Mr. VINSON],
who will explain the purposes of the bill.
(Mr. VINSON asked and was given'
permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Speaker, I will try
to explain this new program which is to
be inaugurated in the Army with respect
to enlistments. The bill, which the pend-
ing resolution makes in order to be con-
sidered in the Committee of the Whole
House on the State of the Union, author-
izes 2,500 aliens to be enlisted in the
Army of the United States. Before these
aliens can be enlisted in the Army they
must first be screened by the Depart-
ment of the Army and the program must
have the approval of the Office of the
Secretary of State. Every effort will be
made in the screening process to have
it so thorough that no one who should
not serve in our Armed Forces will be
permitted to enter. We prescribe that
they not have dependents and they must
be between the ages of 18 and 35.
I may say that this is a Senate bill. It
was introduced and passed in the other
body, the author of it being the dis-
tinguished junior Senator from the Com-
monwealth of Massachusetts [Mr.
LODGE].
The reason why the Army feels it is
necessary to have these aliens is based
on several factors. In modern warfare
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 22
it is necessary to haa technicians of the
highest character, people who can handle
modern weapons, people who are familiar
with the language spoken in foreign
countries, people who are familiar with
the terrain, and people who know some=
thing about areas which are somewhat
foreign to us. That is the reason why
General Collins appeared before the
committee in executive session as well as
in public session and considered this new
step highly important in the manage-
ment of the Army. He feels it is neces-
sary that.there be a small number ad-
mitted into the Army.
What do we offer these people in re-
turn for enlisting? We say they must
enlist, for a period of 5 years. If at the
end of that period they obtain an hon-
orable discharge and have been ordered
to the United States and have been
brought to this country by that means,
then they will be eligible for citizenship.
That is all the bill does.
Mr. Speaker, I propose to offer an
amendment to the committee amend-
ment to strike out on page 3 the words
"or earlier." The committee language
was this: "pursuant to military orders
shall, if otherwise qualified for citizen-
ship, and after completion of 5 or more
years of military service, or earlier if
honorably discharged therefrom."
The reason that prompted us to put the
words "or earlier" in was that after the
person enlists and serves a year or so he
might be found to have some physical
disabilities and therefore we would not
want to hold him to the 5-year require-
ment. But the more we thought about it,
we thought we were on sounder ground
if we struck out the words "or earlier" so
that the person would have to be in the
Army for at least 5 years.
Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, will the gen-
tleman yield?
Mr. VINSON. I yield.
Mr. RICH. What is the real purpose
of taking a foreigner and putting him
into our army when you can get men who
have been naturalized who know all of
these countries? We have people from
all of these countries who already have
become naturalized citizens of the
United States.
Mr. VINSON. That is a very impor-
tant question. General Collins feels,
and the Army feels, that it is highly de-
sirable at this time to have a small num-
ber of highly trained technicians, peo-
ple who are familiar with every phase of
life in other countries, so they can con-
tribute their knowledge to the proper
performance of military duty.
Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, will the gen-
tleman yield further?
Mr. VINSON. I yield.
Mr. RICH. If you want those men, do
you know who they are?
Mr VINSON. No. I do not know
who they are. Probably the services do
not yet know; but they know one thing,
that there, are types of people abroad
who would like to get into the Army, who
can contribute certain important-
knowl-edge to our Army, and by doing so, if
honorably discharged and brought to
this country-remember that-brought
to this country, they will get citizenship.
As a matter of fact, they may never come
to this country. The Army may not or-
der them here.' The Army may keep
them abroad. If so, they do not get citi-
zenship.
ivfr. RICH. If he is a citizen of some
foreign country, the Army cannot give
him any orders at all that he will obey.
He will obey the laws of his own coun-
try.
Mr. VINSON. But he cannot get into
this country unless the Army orders him
here.
Mr. RICH. We have 13,000 aliens in
the State Department, and if you can
tell me where they are doing a good job
for this country, then I do not know any-
thing about it.
Mr. VINSON. Well, we have all been
considerably disturbed about various re-
cent charges, but I am utterly confident
that General Collins and the men who
run the Army are not going to bring any
Communists into the United States
Army. I will speak without any reser-
vation as far as the Army is concerned.
Mr. 'WILLIAMS. Mr. Speaker, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. VINSON. I yield to the distin-
guished gentleman from Mississippi.
Mr. WILLIAMS. It is my under-
standing that the Army needs these peo-
ple to perform certain specialized duties,
such as interpreters, and so forth. In
the light of that, is there any reason
why those people could not be employed
in a civilian capacity, rather than to take
them into the Army?
Mr. 'VINSON. Well, you would not
have sufficient control over them. You
must have people that you can direct
and order in military matters.
Now, I repeat that we asked General
Collins to come into executive session
on this.. I said, "Tell us how you are
going to use these men," and he told us.
I cannot divulge those things in public
debate, but you can rest assured that
the Army is not going to put any Com-
munists in it knowingly, and these aliens
are going to be in our service only after
they have been most carefully screened.
Mr. HOEVEN. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. ?VINSON. I yield to the distin-
guished gentleman from Iowa.
Mr. HOEVEN. Why is it necessary
to have the approval of the Secretary
of State?
Mr. VINSON. As far as I am con-
cerned,. I would just as soon have the
approval of .the Army. I will go further
and say that I am perfectly willing to
have the scrutinizing done by commit-
tees of Congress. We have plenty of
precedent for that. I am perfectly will-
ing to have the list of these men sub-
mitted to our Judiciary Committee for
consultation with the Department of the
Army before they are admitted to the
service. But these men should be in the
Army because they can render great
service to the Army. Only 2,500 are in-
volved.
Mr.HOEVEN. That is not the ques-
tion; I want to know why we need the
approval of the State Department?
Mr. VINSON. I do not need the ap-
proval of the Secretary of State as far
as I ana concerned. That can be strick-
en out,
Mr. HOEVEN. Why is it in the bill?
Mr. VINSON. Because Senator LODGE
put it in the bill. So far as I am con-
cerned it can be stricken out.
Mr. WALTER. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield? .
Mr. VINSON. I yield.
Mr. WALTER. What effect will the
enactment of this legislation have on
immigration quotas?
` Mr. VINSON. This is outside of im-
migration quotas.
I will be perfectly willing to accept
an amendment--now listen, because you
will want to know what I am talking
about-that before any of these aliens
'are accepted by the Army consultation
must be had with the Judiciary Commit-
tees of the House and the Senate; be-
cause we all have the same objective,
we do not want anybody in our Army
who should not be in that service. I
am willing to accept any safeguard to
see that we get the right recruits, re-
cruits who can be of service and benefit
to carry out any Army mission that
General Collins feels is absolutely neces-
sary.
Mr. WALTER. I call attention to the
picture at the left of the Speaker, the
portrait of Lafayette; I remind the
gentleman of Pulaski, V'on Steuben?, and
others, men who took an illustrious Part-
in our fight for independence.
Mr. VINSON. That is quite different;
they did not enlist in the Army of the
United States; they were allies. These
men, however, are going to enlist.
Mr. WALTER. A moment ago the
question was raised as to the reason for
the inclusion of the Secretary of State.
That is absolutely essential, as I see it,
because the State Department occupie
the position of screening all aliens tha
come to the United States. Byincludifig-Okiii
the authorization from the Secretary o!
State it is certain there is no question
but what the proper visa would be issued,
Mr. VINSON. I hope the committee
will give us a full opportunity to vote on
the bill, so I trust the rule will be
adopted; but I felt it necessary in ad-
vance of general debate to make some
explanation of the reasons behind the
bill.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield for a question?
Mr. VINSON. I yield.
Mr. JAVITS. The gentleman empha.
sized the point. about Communists; will
the gentleman emphasize equally the
fact that those with a Nazi or Fascist
background are equally undesirable as
far as our Army is concerned?
Mr. VINSON. They will be screened;
we will not have anybody but whose
heart beats in harmony with ours.
Mr. Speaker, I hope the committee
will adopt the resolution, will debate the
bill for an hour and will let the House
vote on it.
Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 30
minutes to the gentleman from Illinois
[Mr. ALLEN].
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I
yield myself such time as I may require.
Mr. Speaker, I am opposed to this bill,
because in times like these when we hear
about all our other departments of the
Government having Reds and Commu-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9225
nists and subversives in them, above ,all,
I want to see that the United States Army
is 100 percent American. That is the
reason why I am opposing this measure.
I know that for many years there were
certain individuals in our Government
who have been attempting to get these
foreigners into it. First they wanted -a
foreign legion, then they wanted 25,000,
but they found so much opposition
among the membership of both bodies of
Congress that they abandoned that and
now they have finally got it down to
2,500.
I think there is a statement in the re-
port that is nothing less than an insult to
the American soldier. It states that
these foreigners, "the citizen candidate
on his part gives us a rare human talent
in highly specialized fields and will cer-
tainly be of substantial value to our
country."
A Mr. Speaker, can you conceive that this
* r Ill provides for boys of 18 years of age
coming in and joining the Army and be-
ing classified as specialists? As special-
fists they will naturally obtain the rank
of master or technical sergeant. It
would be an insult to these men whom
the Armed Services Committee is calling
into the service and who may be special-
ists if you do not give them the rank of
master sergeant or technical sergeant.
This putting of foreign boys 18 years of
age over American boys who have been in
the Army for many years is not fair.
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the
gentleman from Georgia.
Mr. VINSON. The gentleman is in
error in the line of argument he is mak-
,ing because this covers original enlist-
ments. When they originally enlist they
go in at the lowest grade, so, therefore,
lould not come in as a technical sergeant.
Jas Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I am saying
that this bill provides that these foreign-
ers who come in are specialists at 18 years
of age. The bil' itself stipulates they
must be specialists and, consequently, if
they are specialists they would be entitled
soon, to become master or technical ser-
geants and our own American boys who
have served for many years would be
under the orders of these foreigners.
Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Speaker, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the
gentleman from Pennsylvania.
Mr. VANS ZANDT. It is nothing un-
usual for an alien who is a resident of the
United States to enlist in our armed
services. If the gentleman will go back
through military history he will find res-
ident aliens held responsible positions in
the Army, Navy and Marine Corps and
American boys submitted to their com-
uands.
Mr..ALLEN of Illinois. As far as I am
concerned if I were in the Army I would
not want some 18-year-old boy to come
in and be my master sergeant or techni-
cal sergeant.
Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the
gentleman from Iowa.
Mr. GROSS. Where are these for-
'eigners coming from?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I do not know
what countries they are coming from.
Mr. GROSS. Is there a lack of men
wanting to enlist in the Army at the
present time?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. At the pres-
ent time I believe they have more who
desire to enlist-more American boys-
than they will take.
Mr. GROSS. Can the gentleman tell
me what effect this sort of thing will
have upon the 4,000,000 unemployed and
on a lot of boys who have just come out
of the high schools and colleges?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Inasmuch as
there are thousands of young boys-tens
of thousands of them-coming out of
the colleges with no work, who have
engineering and other specialist learn-
ing, perhaps it would be well to regard
them as specialists. They are the ones
who have lived in America. We should
give them the master sergeant's position.
Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the
gentleman from Massachusetts.
Mr. McCORMACK. It is my impres-
sion that the age limit set out in this
bill is between 18 and 35.
. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. That is cor-
rect, 18 to 35. In other words, this bill
provides that a young foreigner 18 can
be regarded as a specialist. They would
come into the Army as specialists and
consequently they would eventually re-
ceive a specialist's rank as technical or
master sergeant.
Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr.
Speaker, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the
gentleman from South Dakota.
Mr. CASE of South Dakota. I want
to express the thought that if anybody
enlisted at 18 comes in as an original
enlistment and got any such rank there
might be room for criticism.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. The bill pro-
vides he must be a specialist. I will ask
the gentleman how the average foreigner
could be a specialist at that age?
Mr. CASE of South Dakota. It is not
limited to those who are 18. The age
is up to 35 and they have that long to
qualify as a specialist.
Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the
gentleman from California.
Mr. JOHNSON. A great many boys
enlist who want to become specialists
and they enlist at 18. They have to work
up through the ranks before they can
attain the rank of technical sergeant.
None of these boys will go in as ser-
geants; also, I want to point out to the
gentleman that probably the vast ma-
jority of them will be over 21 years of
age because very few minors come to
America before they are 21.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. It is the prac-
tice of the Army if a specialist comes in
for him to soon reach a sergeantcy.
This bill provides that they must be spe-
cialists in order to qualify.
Mr. JOHNSON. The bill does not
provide that at all.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. It provides
that they must be a specialist.
Mr. JOHNSON. That is not in the
bill.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. What does this
language in the report mean, then?
What is the purpose of writing it in the
report?
Mr. JOHNSON. The purpose is to
provide that they may become specialists.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. The purpose
is stated. That is why they are brought
in, because they are specialists.
Mr. VAN ZANDT. I am afraid the
gentleman from Illinois does not under-
stand the real job to be assigned these
individuals. They must have certain
qualifications which security reasons will
not permit me to mention at this time.
But, I can assure the gentleman the spe-
cialized ability of these individuals does
not apply to the term "specialists" as the
gentleman understands it.
Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield to the
gentleman from New York.
Mr. KEATING. In that same connec-
tion I suggest to the gentleman that
among the specialists, of course, would
be those who had linguistic ability which
some of our own people might not have,
and that might enter into this picture;
also I make the observation that in
World War II there were a great many
aliens who served in our Army and who
served with great distinction and cour-
age, and in recognition of that we passed
a measure here to assist in their efforts
to become American citizens.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. In conclusion,
Mr. Speaker, again I say that I personally
would like to keep at least one depart-
ment of this Government 100-percent
American.
Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield
10 minutes to the distinguished majority
leader, the gentleman from Massachu-
setts [Mr. MCCORMACK].
Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I
ask unanimous consent to proceed out of
order.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection tb
the request of the gentleman from Mas-
sachusetts?
There was no objection.
Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, in
relation to the pending bill, I think my
distinguished and valued friend from
Illinois [Mr. ALLEN] is unnecessarily
alarmed. If I had any objection to the
bill it would be the fact that it is con-
fined to 2,500 only. But, that is satis-
factory to me, because I recognize that
committees have their problems, and I
go along as far as I possibly can with
committee reports. The committee has
done an unusually fine job by the first
amendment on page 2 which eliminates
the possibility of any American foreign
legion. I think the committee acted
wisely in that respect, because in refer-
ring to the foreign legion of any country,
without mentioning any one country in
particular, and I do not like to, some-
times it brings about repercussions
abroad that may be misunderstood when
there is no offense intended, but, the
first committee amendment on page 2
takes care of that and precludes, if it
remains in the bill, which I assume it
will, and becomes law, the possibility of
any organization such as an American
foreign legion being established.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. McCORMACK. I yield to the gen-
tleman from California.
Mr. JOHNSON. Regarding the num-
ber, the gentleman will note that Sena-
tor LODGE had 10,000 in it, and our com-
mittee, after considering it very care-
fully, determined it was sort of an experi-
ment, pioneering, and that we would
sooner have a small number, and if
proved to be successful that we could
enlarge it.
Mr. McCORMACK I had that in
mind. I recognize that when the com-
mittee reports out a bill, that It is the
collective judgment of the committee,
and while I might have some views in
some respects to the contrary, I hesi-
tate to go against a committee, even in
part, when I am in agreement with the
'objective sought. I am supporting the
bill. My remarks are not to be taken as
criticism of any member of the commit-
tee reporting' out this fine bill, and the
two amendments adopted by the commit-
tee are excellent amendments. They are
not merely perfecting, but strengthen-
ing amendments.
Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr.
Speaker, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. McCORMACK. I yield to the
gentleman from South' Dakota.
Mr. CASE of South Dakota., I was
hoping that the gentleman would oppose
the amendment and let it stay at 10,000,
because it seems to me the bill has merits
on its face, If we cannot integrate
10,000 troops in the total Army, it would
be surprising.
Mr. McCORMACK. Of course, this
bill will go to conference, and what will.
be in disagreement will be 10,000 in one
branch and 2,500 in the other.
What I wanted to talk about was a
matter that I consider of historic im-
portance today taking place in Paris.
Delegates from France, western Ger-
m,Any, Belgium, Italy, The Netherlands,
and Luxemburg met last Tuesday in
Paris, France, in what may be a historic
conference aimed at pooling their coal
and steel production and to see if they
can resolve the recent suggestions of
Robert Schuman, Foreign Minister of
France, and his French associates, into
a practical and effective plan.
What a great ideal to try to bring into
agreement, operation, and effect by these
six countries.
As stated in part by Foreign Minister
Schuman:
It is our desire to associate in a common
and permanent work of peacetime nations
which for centuries have fought one another
in bloody conflicts.
He was referring, of course, to France
and Germany.
Through the successful welding of
France and Germany together in this
common effort there would be assured,
as he said, the "certainty thus to banish
from our European community a latent
cause of trouble, suspicion, and an-
guish," and this would be a basis to
erect "a solid, European edifice accessi-
ble to all nations of good will."
What noble thoughts when he further
said:
We feel we are not permitted to fail, nor
to quit without finishing the job. But no
one has ever tried such a system as we have
outlined. Never have the states conferred,
nor even thought of delegating as a group a
fraction of their sovereignty to an independ-
ent supranational organization.
He called for "a pioneering boldness
which is too often absent from our inter-
national institutions."
I hope the representatives of the six
countries attending this conference will
do so with an understanding mind, not
impugning the motives of anyone or any
of the countries. If this is the animating
spirit of 'the conference, and I am sure it
is, no natter how far apart they may be
during their deliberations they will be
able to come to an agreement of historic
importance.
We of America will watch the delibera-
tions, and hope and pray they will come
to a successful conclusion.
There is a great ideal that has been
brought into this conference and which
has brought the conference into being.
It has as its objective the removal of
some important economic factors that
have caused Germany and France in the
past to be suspicious of each other for
centuries, all due to human weaknesses,
and which have created fear, hostility,
enmity,, and war, instead of understand-
ing and confidence in each other, and
friendship and peace. For if any decided
step forward in understanding and trust
and real friendship can be and is taken
by France and Germany and the other
four participating nations, a historic step
has been taken toward European unity
and permanent peace throughout the
world.
In connection with this conference a
significant event happened in the elec-
tions a few days ago in a part of Ger-
many, where the Communist Party can-
didates, who received 16 percent of the
votes cast in the last election, received
only about 5 percent of the votes cast a
few days ago.
Over 150 years ago the fathers of our
country met in a Constitutional Conven-
tion to establish a new government for
the Thirteen Colonies who had success-
fully won their independence from Great
Britain, The delegates to that conven-
tion met under most trying conditions.
We know from history that they had a
great and historic ideal in mind, the re-
sult of which is our country today, which
we enjoy and possess. We know from
history the opposition they met, of their
uncertainties, their despair many times
of success, but they persevered and finally
were successful. We know the great dif-
ficulty they had in having three-fourths
of the Original Thirteen States ratify the
Constitution.
Bute conditions existed that required
solution, and men with great ideals and
courage lived then, and difficulties that
appeared insurmountable were overcome.
Uncertainty and confusion vanished
and a new notion was established, which
is ours today.
The delegates to the convention were
men with ideals. They were men with
understanding minds. They were deter-
mined to succeed, and they did succeed.
The framers of the Constitution and the
founders of our Government had to meet,
honest misunderstanding on the part of
sortie; jealousy and prejudice on the part
of others; they had to meet the doubt-
ing Thomases also. They always exist.
They had to contend with the blind and
deliberate opponents to any form of gov-
ernment other than a monarchy. They
had to contend with those who, in their
day, sought only personal or political ad-
vantage even against the best interests
of the 13 floundering States operating
under "the Articles of Confederation.
While the conference now going on in
Paris is not for the purpose of establish-
ing a new nation, it is a conference of
historic importance. Its ideals are high
and noble. Its purpose is to chart a new
journey in Europe. However, there is a
basic resemblance between this confer-
ence and our Constitutional Convention
of over 150 years ago. The delegates to
the Paris Conference, I think it might
also be called a convention, can learn
much to guide and direct them in their
deliberations and efforts from the de-
liberations of the Constitutional Con-
vention which brought the United States
of America into existence. The free
world and countless of millions of per-
sons in Communist-controlled countries
are watching and will watch with hope
and prayers the outcome of this con-
ference. A successful outcome will be
one of the outstanding constructive
events in the history of the world. The
delegates of the six countries have grave
responsibilities resting upon them, for
the benefit or disappointment of not only
this generation, but of many generations
to come. .
Mr. Speaker, I consider this confer-
ence to be of such importance and the
results which may flow from it to be of
such historic importance to you and me
and others of this generation as well as
those of future generations to come, that
notice should be taken of it in this body.
I felt. it was my duty to do so and to Ask
convey to the delegates to that confer-
ence representing the six participating
countries the fact that we are watching
-it-not only countless of millions of
Americans, but countless of millions of
people everywhere, recognizing that if
they can make a decided step forward,
they will be overcoming human weak-
nesses that have brought about wars in
the past and they will be thereby
strengthening the will of God, which is
everlastingly present, and that they will
be accomplishing something of benefit
to the entire world for many generations
to come.
A successful outcome will be a decided
step toward permanent peace.
Mr. Speaker, the entire text of Mr.
Schuman's statement on the steel- and
coal-pool plan is as follows:
TEXT OF SCHUMAN STATEMENT ON POOL PLAN
Six weeks to the very day have barely
elapsed since in this very room with historic
memories the French Government made
known its plan. Six weeks-a very short
interval for such a new and vast objective
as pooling the coal and steel production of
our countries; very short when one thinks of
the customary slowness of international
transactions.
France has been blamed for acting pre-
cipitately. There has been talk of rapid and
brutal tactics. But experience has shown us
that the best initiatives are _ frittered away
when, after their birth, they are delayed In
preliminary consultations.
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In a world anguished by so many set-backs
and by impotence, I think we had the right-
in fact, the duty-to count on the strength
of the idea, to take advantage of the impetus
given by the hope it has aroused and the
instinctive support of our peoples.
We are now here at' the beginning of our
task. It is to you, gentlemen, that our six
governments have confided the task of jus-
tifying this hope. Your task is to express
in elastic and clear language, with a view to
preparing definite commitments, the prin-
ciples that have determined the choice of
our objectives and that constitute the basis
of our deliberations.
We are agreed on the orientation of our
work, on the goal we wish to reach. Our gov-
ernments have agreed to seek in common, by
a free confrontation of views and special sit-
uations, the best means of applying the prin-
ciples that we have accepted by creation of
new institutions without precedent in the
present-day world.
DECLARES TASK IS GREAT
It is a great task, gentlemen, that the con-
dence of our governments has conferred
We undertake it with
ride and
on us
u
p
.
p
conscious of our responsibilities, we feel that
we are not permitted to fail or to give up
without result, Moreover, our conclusions,
as you know, will be submitted for the ap-
proval of our governments and the sovereign
decision of our parliaments.
No one among us is unaware of the excep-
tional difficulties of our undertaking. Ad-
mittedly, we all have voluminous statistics
at our disposal. We shall make good use of
the impartial studies made previously on a
national scale, as well as those made by
international bodies.
But never has a system resembling that
which we have in view actually been at-
tempted. Never have States entrusted nor
even considered jointly delegating a frac-
tion of their sovereignty to an independent
supranational organization.
We shall have to setup a draft treaty that,
will define in broad outline the attributions
of this joint authority, the way it will func-
tion, the means of appeal against its deci-
sions and of making its responsibilities ef-
technical details that will be the objective
of agreements to be concluded subsequently
after ratification of the treaty. These con-
yentions will have to be easy to revise so
that they may be adapted to the lessons of
experience.
We wish to substitute for the ancient prac-
tices of dumping and discrimination an en-
lightened cooperation. That is essential.
But what is equally important, and what
from the very beginning has been inscribed
in the forefront of the plan, is our determi-
nation to associate in a joint and perma-
nent task of peace two nations that for cen-
turies have been opposed in bloody compe-
tition. It is the certainty of thus eradicat-
ing from our European community a latent
cause of trouble, of mistrust, and anguish;
It is the hope of erecting on this peaceful
cooperation a solid European structure,
accessible to all nations of good will.
We earnestly would have liked Great Brit-
ain to be present at our discussions. We
cannot conceive of Europe without her. We
know, and are reassured by this, that the
British Government desires the success of
our labors.
Certain difficulties that have prevented her
participating, actively, at least, at the pres-
ent stage, appeared in the course of discus-
sions that were both frank and friendly. We
preserve the hope that the doubts and scru-
pies that a somewhat doctrinal reasoning has
failed to overcome will finally yield to more
concrete demonstrations.
No. 123-8
The French Government certainly will act
in conformity with the desires of all the
participating governments when it keeps the
British Government informed of the develop-
ment of our deliberations, and thus will
insure it the possibility, if not of coming and
joining us-which we persist in hoping-at
least of sending us all its useful observa-
tions, and thus prepare the way for future
cooperation.
The conclusions we shall reach will be the
fruit of our discussions. Each one of you
will contribute your suggestions and criti-
cisms. We shall have a joint determination
to succeed, to do something constructive, on
the basis of the principles already defined.
We shall be inspired by a youthful rashness
that is too frequently absent from our inter-
national institutions.
Without losing sight of the individual
needs of our countries we must be aware that
national interests in these times consist in
finding beyond our national boundaries the
means of achieving a more rational economic
structure, more economical and more in-
tensive production, and a greater and more
readily accessible market.
Our initiative in no way is meant to ignore
or misunderstand the attempts made else-
where to give Europe a healthy economy.
Mr. Stikker recently made an important and
fruitful contribution to it. It is situated in
a different sphere from our own. There is
neither duplication nor contradiction be-
tween our two objectives.
The chief characteristic of the French pro-
posal Is that, aside from its economic impor-
tance, which is susceptible to developments
that at the present moment cannot be
guessed at, it has had and preserves a po-
litical value that from the very first moment
struck opinion in different countries more
than anything else.
For our part, we shall begin the work thus
assigned to us. We shall first of. all have to
adopt a method of working. It will be work
in teams instead of a conference with me-
ticulous and rigid rules. We shall all of us
wish above all to be efficient. Brilliant elo-
quence will not tempt us.
An informative meeting tomorrow will en-
able us to fix our ideas in this respect. They
will be defined during personal contacts that
we shall be anxious to establish and main-
tain.
The fundamentals of our problems will be
taken up at the same time. The two cannot
be separated. We shall pool our ideas, we
shall put them up against each other and
choose between them. The French Govern-
ment will make known Its ideas to you in the
next few days. The draft text it will submit
will form the basis for work it hopes will be
useful and fruitful.
For today, I shall limit myself to wel-
coming you in my Government's name, and
expressing ardent hopes that we shall not
disappoint the expectations of the peoples
who place their hope and confidence in you.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker,
I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
South Dakota [Mr. CASE]
Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr.
Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to
proceed on the same subject that the
distinguished majority leader just
discussed.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from South
Dakota?
There was no objection.
THE FREE STATES OF EUROPE
Mr. CASE of South Dakota. Mr.
Speaker, I am not authorized to speak
for the minority on this matter, but it
ha~pens that during the Eightieth Con-
9227
gress in the fall of 1947'I was chairman
of a subcommittee for Germany and
Austria of the so-called Herter commit-
tee, the Select Committee on Foreign
Aid, and spent 6 weeks in Germany and
Austria with a subcommittee of five
members. The problem which the gen-
tleman, from Massachusetts has dis-
cussed was the basic problem with which
we were concerned during the entire time
tklat we were there, and that was the
economic rehabiiltation of western Eu-
rope and the part that western Germany
might play in it.
In that capacity we conferred not only
with the German leaders but the French
leaders in the French zone of western
Germany and with British leaders in the
English zone. When we returned we
made a report, which included this
recommendation:
That the states of Germany which are
free to do so be encouraged to form a con-
stitutional government at the earliest pos-
sible date; a government with powers derived
from the member states, a government which
other German states could join when free to
do so, and free itself to join any federation
of free states looking toward the economic
stability of Europe and world peace.
In concluding our report covering this
and other recommendations, we said:
The committee believes that carrying out
these recommendations will go far in putting
Germany on her feet, relieve the United
States taxpayer of immense occupation costs,
bring to the cause of world stability and
European recovery the great capacities of the
German people and aid much in developing
the free states of Europe as a bulwark of
world peace and free institutions.
The report was signed:
The subcommittee for Germany: FRANCIS
CASE, South Dakota, chairman; JoHN M.
VoRYs, Ohio; CHARLES W. VURSELL, Illinois;
EUGENE E. Cox, Georgia; OVERTON BROOKS,
Louisiana.
So it is my sincere conviction, Mr.
Speaker, that what is happening in
Paris today is probably as important for
the future of the world as anything can
be. I would heartily endorse all that the
distinguished majority leader has said as
to the importance of what is going on
there to all our deliberations here. All
of these things that we talk about here-
peace and the cost of Government-are
definitely hitched up to wha4 may come
out of the Paris conference.
As a member of the minority I want to
join in what the distinguished majority
leader has said about the importance of
what they are trying to do at the confer-
ence. So, for myself, and I am sure for
those who were on that committee, I
wish for Premier Schuman and his asso-
ciates the greatest possible success in
what they are seeking to do at this con-
ference in Paris.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker,
I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from
Pennsylvania [Mr. RICH].
(Mr. RICH asked and was given per-
mission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, I hold in
highest regard the members of the Mili-
tary Affairs Committee on both sides of
the aisle, but I am greatly surprised at
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9228 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
their bringing in a bill such as we have
to consider today. They want to admit
12,500 more aliens, if necessary, Into this
country above the quota. That is the
first objection I have to the bill.
The second objection I have to the bill
is because they want the Secretary of
State to pass on the men they are going
to allow to come into the Army. of the
United States, and go into foreign coun-
tries where they learn everything about
our own Army, and then, if they do not
Want to join up as an American citizen,
they are free to tell everything they have
learned about the American Army. If
that is good policy and good business,
then I do not know what I am talking
about. It is silly to me.
Then I want to say further that I have
the highest regard for the Military Af-
fairs Committee, but I do not want to see
them taken over like most of the mem-
bers of our Foreign Affairs Coii rriittee is
being taken over by foreign countries.
We are getting so imbued with the ideol-
ogy of these foreign countries that I won-
der where our Americanism is going. I
just cannot see it like they do. It is too
much for me. It seems to me that these
foreigners are pulling the wool over our
eyes and we do not know it. This is poor
judgment on the part of everybody who
has any part in trying to pass this legis-
lation. When you have 13,000 aliens in
the State Department passing out the
hard-earned dollars of our American
taxpayers it is about time that the Amer-
ican people woke up and realized what
is going on. I just cannot understand
what you are trying to do, putting 2,500
aliens in the Army. It is just too terrible
to contemplate the ultimate results if
they turn against America.
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. RICH. I yield to the gentleman
from Georgia, chairman of the commit-
tee, a man who I have the greatest re-
spect for.
Mr. VINSON, The gentleman said he
was surprised that the Armed Services
Committee reported such a bill. Does the
gentleman know who the author of this
bill is-the distinguished Senator from-
Massachusetts [Mr. LODGE]?
Mr. RICH. I do not care who the
author of it is. I do not care whether he
Is a Republican or a Democrat, or what
he is. All I want him to be is a good,
sound American, and. if he is a good,
sound American, he will think deeper.
These fellows who brought up this bill
here have not been thinking deep enough,
hard enough, sound enough for me.
Mr. VINSON. Does the gentleman
know that the Chief of Staff, General
Collins, personally is appealing for this
legislation? What comment has the gen-
tleman about the Chief of Staff? He has
8lready made his comments about the
committee and about the author of the
bill. What is his comment about the
Chief of Staff?
Mr. RICH. I want the Chief of Staff
of the American Army to get Americans.
We do not have to get a lot of foreigners
to run our Army, it is a sad commentary.
I want the Chief of Staff of the Ameri-
can Army to see that we educate our own
-American boys to be in our Army. We
have a lot of our American boys who are
right here in America who want to go
into the Army, men who know all about
those countries, men whom you can trust,
men who are good American citizens,
born in America or naturalized American
citizens, men that we are going to pay
with American dollars, men that are
Americans from the top of their head to
the soles of their feet. That is what I
want. I do not want any foreigners.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. RICH. Yes; I yield to my col-
league who was kind enough to give me
this time.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I asked the
gentleman to yield in order that I might
ask a question of the gentleman from
Georgia [Mr. VINSON].
Does this deny the American boy, if
we reach a certain quota in our own
Army, where there may be thousands of
American boys trying to get into our own
Army--will this hill, according to its lan-
guage, deny 2,500 American boys the
right to serve the flag which they ad-
mire so much?
Mr. VINSON, I would say it probably
would not, because you will hardly ever
be up to within 2,500 of our enlisted
strength. It will not interfere with any
enlistment in the Army.
Mr. RICH. I will ask the gentleman
from Georgia this question: There being
a quota on the number of men in the
Army, and we take in these 2,500 for-
eigners, will not that necessarily deny
such positions to 2,500 American boys?
Mr. VINSON. Yes; it would, if you
had only 611,000, and that is all the
money you appropriated for. You might
not have any money to pay for 2,500, so
the 2,500 would not come in.
. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The
time of the gentleman from Pennsyl-
vania has expired.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker,
I yield the gentleman three additional
minutes; and I will ask the able chair-
man of the Defense Committee this
question: I think the gentleman from
Pennsylvania made a very thought-pro-
voking observation when he said that the
State Department approves of these in-
dividuals coming into the Army. What
will prevent left-wingers from coming
over here, getting information from our
Army in these enlistments and peddling
It to their advantage to some other coun-
try in the event some crisis confronts us?
Mr. 'VINSON. If the gentleman from
Illinois and the gentleman from Penn-
sylvania think that General Collins and
the men who run the Army will permit
aliens who are communistic in thought
to enter into the armed services, then
they should vote against this bill.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Well, I think it.
Mr. VINSON. And I want to say this
in view of the way the distinguished gen-
tleman from Pennsylvania has been
criticizing the committee, criticizing the
officers-
Mr. RICH. No;.I said that the State
Department was pulling the wool over
the committee's eyes. I think you good
men are being fooled terribly in this
legislation.
JUNE 22
Mr. VINSON. The gentleman was
criticizing the committee; he was criti-
cizing the author of the bill; he was
criticizing General Collins.
Mr. RICH. No, no, no; first, I am
criticizing the Foreign Affairs Commit-
tee-and I love every one of the mem-
bers of that committee and the members
of the Armed Services Committee-but
you have just been hoodwinked. I want
you to get your glasses on and see what
is happening. That is the point I am
trying to make here. Only sound Amer-
icans should be in the American Army.
Mr. VINSON. My glasses are on, and
I am looking over them listening to the
fallacy of the gentleman's argument;
but at the same time I am trusting Gen-
eral Collins. Strike out the State De-
partment if that disturbs you.
Mr. RICH. Well, you -ought to do
that; you should do it, and only let good
Americans in our armed services.
Mr. VINSON. All right. I am going
along with the bill. I have confidence
in General Collins, and the American
people have confidence in him. When
General Collins comes behind closed
doors after we had. held this bill in com-
mittee for over a year and stated his
reasons for wanting it, charged with the
responsibility he is charged with, saying
that we must have this small group, I
am willing to trust him.
Mr. RICH. We have the gentleman's
own statement now that he held this
bill up 1 year. You just did not hold it
up 1,000 years long enough; yes, better
still, forever.
Mr. VINSON. That may be true. We
would not have brought it out if General
Collins, charged with this great respon-
sibility, had not urged it.
Mr. RICH. Let me ask the chairman
of the Armed Services Committee this
question: Why in the world does Gen'"
eral Collins, head of our Army, want tt,
go out and get 2,500 foreigners instead
of getting 2,500 equally well-trained
and competent Americans? That is
what I want to know.
Mr. VINSON. For the simple reason
that he wants people In the Army who
know the terrain, the language, the cus-
toms, the philosophy, and the psychol-
ogy of the people in countries that prob-
ably he may have to deal with.
Mr. RICH. For years we have been
taking men from every country in the
world into this country; they have be-
come American citizens-good American
citizens, naturalized. To say that we do
not have qualified Americans to fill this
need is ridiculous. It is a poor admis-
sion by anybody in the Army or out of
the Army.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The
time of the gentleman from Pennsyl-
vania has again expired.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker,
I yield four additional minutes to the
gentleman from Pennsylvania.
Will the gentleman from Pennsylva-
nia yield?
Mr. RICH. I yield.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. The chairman
of the Armed Services Committee does
not for one minute imagine that Gen-
eral Collins, great man that he is, but
busy man that he is, could personally
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9229
supervise these enlistments and check American soldiers have for their service know, when things get that secret they
against left wingers getting into the or do they get more benefits? do not usually amount to a hoot, anyway.
armed services. Mr. VINSON. They will be enlisted I want to know if there is any person
Mr. VINSON. I will say this, that with the same rights, the same privileges within the United States or elsewhere
these men will be hand-picked and they and be dispersed through the Army like who is worth a tinker's hoot to this coun-
will be combed arid the authorities will any other enlistee in the Army. try or any other country who would take
know exactly what they are before they Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. They will not the citizenship of some other country in
are taken in the Army. That is the rea- get more than the American soldier in order to sell out the people of his own
son we have limited it to 2,500 men. benefits? country? .If he has a certain philosophy
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I have heard Mr. VINSON. Every benefit that the in life and. has a definite belief, and if
that expression before, especially in con- American soldier is entitled to he gets. he will swap that information that
nection with the State Department and Mr. TACKETT. Mr. Speaker, will the might be detrimental to his own people
the Secretary saying how clean his De- gentleman yield? to some other nation because they will
partment was, yet other officials of the Mr. RICH. I yield to the gentleman give him citizenship and a few more dol-
State Department came here at one from Arkansas. lars than he could get by serving his own
time and stated that they knew there Mr. TACKETT. With all the talk people, then I guarantee you that that
we're two or three hundred homosexuals that has been going on I have not been information is not worth a hoot, anyway.
who, should be fired. able to ascertain yet, I have heard no one Mr. ABERNETHY. Mr. Speaker, will
Mr. nURNSIDE. Mr Speaker, will say yet, what the purpose of this bill is. the gentleman yield?
the gentleman yield?' Why do we need 2,500 aliens in the Mr. TACKETT. I yield to the gen-
Mr, RICH. No; I asked for this time Army? tleman from Mississippi.
to put across an idea, abut I have not Mr. RICH. I say we do not need Mr. ABERNETHY. I do not know of
We have Americans enough, we anything that is dearer to the American
The them
elf
t
i
.
.
o mys
me
ti much of the t
a is Americanism is and should be the have Americans who are sound men who people than their citizenship.
best citizenship in all the world. are naturalized American citizens, who Mr. TACKETT. But we are selling it
The head of the Army, great general will fight for the country like our own mighty cheap now.
that he may be, ought to realize that he boys have In all the wars that they have Mr. ABERNETHY. American citizen-
should be able to get better results from been in. I do not believe in taking a lot ship is something which is coveted
American citizens than from any for- of aliens and putting them in our Army around the world. Does not the gentle-
eigner who was ever born. That is the regardless of where they come from or man think that we are lowering it to a
what their nationality is or anything very ordinary category when we use it
point I make. If we here in the Congress
are American citizens we ought to insist else. I think it is wrong. That is the as a lure to get spies into the Army of
on having an army of American citizens. matter I am talking about. the United States?
We should not hire other citizens to be- Mr. TACKETT. Does the gentleman Mr. TACKETT. I cannot imagine
tray their own country. The Good Book understand this is a swap whereby we anything that we could do that would
says, "Lead not into temptation." We do guarantee some person on foreign soil so lower respect of those things that
not want an army of foreigners. American citizenship if he will spy on our people have so prized in life as to
Mr. BURNSIDE. Mr. Speaker, will his own country or some other country? offer American citizenship to somebody
the gentleman yield? Mr. RICH. Yes; and when the 5 years that will come here and give us some
r. RICH. I yield to the gentleman are up he goes back to his own country information about some other people-
from' West Virginia. and tells them all the secrets he learned even his own people; in other words,
1,12r. BURNSIDE. I want to answer while a member of the armed services of we will give the sorriest man in the
three questions that have been raised our country. It is wrong. I hope the world citizenship if he will be a dirty
here. First, the Army is 25,000 under committee will take this bill back and spy.
quota at the present time and this will keep it for just 1,000 years longer in com- Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
America for Americans forever
mittee
.
.
t displace any persons in the Army;
:grid, we were able to get many scien- Once an American always an American. Mr. TACKETT. I yield to the gen-
.-
h
i
z
hi
is tlema from Mississippi
__ _______-_ that
is
ort
c
ti
ens
p
ith our
i pw "G `"? w
could ?,,,.,.tha.h.. ---keworth fighting for. Love of country is Mr. RANKIN. To show you how easy
New, which we used meth our greatest heritage. It is for one of these spies to cover up,
go$ten if we had not used a method like
k
I
i
ld
f th
R
er,
y
e
evo-
e
Mr. COLMER. Mr. Spea
135 years after the close o
this e 000 and, third, F 13 the State e Dee-s 6 minutes to the gentleman from Arkan- lutionary War the British Government
l art fsment speaking clerks a about in n the S sas [Mr. TACKETTI. published a record that showed that
ahead aead and and sent assistant clerks r Ameri- Mr. TACKETT. Mr. Speaker, I do Bancroft, Benjamin Franklin's secre-
ii d if we went nt and
ca ,over there to those places our cost not purport to know anything about tary, while he was in France, was a Brit-
" of governirient would go up tremendously. this bill. For that reason I am not going ish spy, and when Franklin would send
inst it
But I hi
et information
it
l
d t
f
t
E
t
,
.
or aga
ng
an
o g
o argue
or
m over
o
Mr. RICH. What does the gentleman
c xe about the cost of government? He would like to have some facts in order instead of getting information, he would
t i
that I may know whether or not i
s give Information to the enemy.
doe been voting for everything. That the type of legislation I suspect it to be.
does,-not seem to mean anything to a It is my opinion that this proposal It would be very easy for these spies
lob pi' Members over on that, side. enlists 2,500 aliens into our armed serv- who would come in under this kind of
a provision to undermine this country
want soldiers who are Americans first ices for the purpose of obtaining infor-
,it and to take back the secrets that we are
a , second `I want fellows in the Army mation from foreign countries by giving trying to protect.
' rom the top to the bottom who are go- some on foreign soil something they
~i to see that we have Americans to otherwise would not have less they be Mr. TACKETT. I want to ask some-
,L- America "It is about time that spies. We passed a bill of this sort last one, if it is not too big a secret to tell,
o tr in t o mede Iii 611 the affairs do we need 2,500 men who happen to live
dl
p y year. It was so secretive we did not in Europe or on some other portion of
gory nation iri the world. It is time even open our mouths about it. They
lobe outside this country? Do we
this
g
e look after the, citizens of this said, "Do not talk about it at all. It
... try and do it through and by citizens is too secret." You were then authoriz- need them, have we run out of people to
- In our army is it. necessary for us
up; oucac cu s~ , -- ---- - -- ----
e, ave a o eeneTits that'the _ not supposed to talk about it. You man from California.
of Illinois, I would 11Ke uavc aa, auca you Juoo waUSY 4'- uc-
L N
L
qs_~ e. airman o the Committee `cause you just want 2,500 spies. I guess Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Speaker, will the
L_..~ ., ~. gentleman vield?
RICH. I eld to the gentleman whether 10,006 or h,500 should be en-
~t -yi lieving that they should tell on their own
lipoiS,_ listed by virtue of this legislation. I nennip in turn for American citizenship?
en snap yre d Now you get into an argument as to formation by luring someone into be
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Mr. JOHNSON. Does not the gentle- here nor there, on the fact that when
?man realize that in America there are It came to real patriotism in this coun-
a great many refugees from countries try my section had no superior. There-
behind the iron curtain? There are fore, I can understand the alarm and
thousands of them that have left their the concern of my friends and colleagues,
country because the government has as I say, particularly from my section.
changed and the entire life of the coun- But now let us see where we are on this
try has changed. They have ideas like proposed legislation.
we have, and it is those people that we This is nothing new, to begin with,
would like to have in our Army, people about having aliens in our armed forces.
who are thoroughly screened and who Why, in the very birth of this country,
understand the situation In parts of the who contributed more, aside from George
world where we have very meagre knowl- Washington, than the gentleman from
edge. France, Mr. Lafayette? Who contrib-
Mr. TACKETT. Why does not this uted more in taking our green enlistees
bill say that? and turning them Into trained soldiers
. Mr. JOHNSON. The bill could not than Von Steuben, of Germany? Who
spell all those things out, in the very contributed more than Pulaski, of Po-
nature of things, but that Is what the land, to whom monuments have been
situation is. I want to point out one erected in this country?
thing, if I may. Some people seem to Aside from that, modern warfare is
be so jittery about foreigners. Sitting conducted in modern times on a differ-
right in this Congress, one out of every ent basis, when every resource, when
six men and women In this House of every technique has to be resorted to in
Representatives is the son or the daugh- order. to win that war. We live In a
ter of an immigrant. Their parents small world, a world that has shrunk
were good American citizens. We think to a very small sphere compared with
the screening process provided by our bill what it was a few years ago. We live
will guarantee, beyond any question that In one world, whether we like it or do
these soldiers will be .100 percent Amer- not 'like it. As far as I am personally
lean. concerned, and I have often said this,
Mr. TACKETT. Well, I do not know I should like to follow the admonition
that that is anything to be all elated over. of the great father of this country to
The fact is, though I do not know but beware of these foreign alliances and
maybe we have two or three people here entanglements and live within ourselves.
'who are descendants from American In- If it were not for the smallness of this
dians. I guess the rest of us come from world today, I would be the rankest iso-
somewhere; I do not know where. That lationist in this body. I should like to
Is not the argument. My goodness alive, get away from all of that, But we have
150 years ago a lot of your people did to face conditions as they are.
some things that maybe you would not The SPEAKER pro tempore. ; The
be proud of or I would not be proud of, time of the gentleman from Mississippi
I do not know, but that is the poorest has expired.
argument I ever heard of. Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker,
Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, If the I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
gentleman will yield further, I want to Mississippi.
call the attention of the gentleman from Mr, COLMER. I appreciate the cour-
California to the fact that we had some tesy of my friend.
of these refugees from behind the iron The chairman of the Committee on
curtain, especially a couple of Eislers. Armed Services says he would be glad
When we turned the spotlight onto them to take the State Department out of this.
we found that they were Communists, I, too, have criticized the State Depart-
traitors to this country, Gerhardt Eis- ment, but the State Department, Is put
ler is over there now .leading a Commu- into this picture because it is the one
nist drive in Germany. agency that is best set up and qualified
Mr. TACKETT. I know if these 2,500 to screen these people who are going to
people are all perfect, and if General be taken into the armed forces. If there
whoever he is is going to personally is a better agency that can be set up,
look after them, and he can keep his then substitute that when you have the
hands right on them and not make one bill on the floor.
mistake, it will be a wonderful Idea, be- Modern warfare, as I started to say,
cause we can get some good information has changed. Conditions have changed
from some other countries from some over there. We have to have confidence
fellow that is willing to sell his own peo- in somebody. My first impression, when
ple down the river. At the same time, if this legislation was brought up before
you make one mistake, it will cost you a the Committee on Rules, was to oppose
lot more than you will gain by taking in It. As a layman, as a civilian, as a Mem-
these 2,500 people. ber of Congress, I cannot say what we
Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield should have or should not have in our
myself 3 minutes, armed services. But when the Chief of
Mr. Speaker, I can recognize and ap- Staff of the Army of the United States
preciate the differences of opinion that says that this is what we need, and that
arise about this proposed legislation. I they want it, so that they can guard
especially appreciate the fact that so them and watch them and screen them,
much of the opposition to this proposed and if they commit sabotage against this
legislation that has been expressed country or prove unfaithful,. they will be
today, openly and privately, comes from subject to court martial, I cannot argue
my section of the country.. I have al- against it.
ways prided myself and my section, Let us not get unduly excited about
justly or unjustly, and that is neither this. If, after giving mature judgment
JUNE 22
and consideration to this, you do not be-
lieve that it is a wise, patriotic thing to
do for our country, then vote against it.
But let us not get into hysteria on the
question.
Mr. RICH. Can you place more con-
fidence in a foreigner than you can in
an American citizen?
Mr. COLMER. Of course not, my
friend, of course not. That is not the
issue here. The issue is simply whether
we have enough confidence in those In
charge of our armed services and the na-
tional defense to give them the .weapons
to properly defend this country. They
say that they can best do that job by
having these trained aliens, familiar
with certain countries of Europe, the
habits and secrets of the people and the
governments of those countries, in our
armed service.
The Chief of Staff and his fellow''
ficers are trained In warfare. I al.
layman. I am forced to rely on their
judgment.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I
yield `myself 3 minutes.
Mr. Speaker, I did not think I was
going to ask for a roll-call vote on the
rule or on the bill itself, but after listen-
ing to the debate here and not hearing
one reason why we should have this
measure passed, I certainly am going to
ask for a roll call on both the rule and
the bill.
One thing has come out here. While
General Collins, I believe, did come up
and request this bill, there is nothing in
the record where the Department of
Defense or where Mr. Johnson or any
of them came up and requested such a
thing as this. I do not think anyone
can dispute that some of these foreign
boys would like to come into this coun-
try and get benefits forever under syj
a law as this. They would be h
s
to join the colors in order to recew.d'
these benefits as technical master ser-
geants and as specialists-benefits
which they would get for the rest of
their lives. Naturally they will join the
American flag and perhaps it may be
that some of them may turn over the
information they receive as a result of
holding these technical positions to the
enemy.
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. I yield.
Mr. VINSON. In view of the fact that
the gentleman from Illinois pays so much
attention to Mr. Johnson, I want to call
his attention to what Mr. Johnson said:
As indicated the Department of the Army
testifies in support of the proposed legisla-
tion. In so testifying, the Army is repre-
senting the views of the Department as a
whole.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Yes; that is
right; that is the department as a whole.
With regard to the quota of enlist-
ments, there are now many American
boys who want to join the American
Army. If you add these 2,500 that will
be denying 2,500 American boys the right
to serve under the American flag, boys
who will probably do a much better job
than some of these foreigners. I appre-
ciate that under the bill that anyone
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 CQNG.RR.ESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
opposing this bill will not have an op-
Mr1v R. Mr. , Speaker, I move
the .previous question.
The previous question was ordered.
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr.
Ti cp ss) , The question is. on the reso-
lution.
The question was taken; and on a di-
vision (demanded by Mr. ALLEN of Illinois
and Mr. RIcH) there were-ayes 73, noes
17.
9r,. RIC L'. 'Mr. Speaker, I object to
ground that a the vot,e on the quorum is
not present, and I make the point of
order that a quorum is not-preesnt.
The SPEAKER_ pro tempore. Evi-
dently a quorum is not present.
The Doorkeeper will close the doors,
the Sergeant at Arms will notify absent
Members, and the Clerk will call the
`~ r^ll
]~ 111e question was taken; and there
Fe-yep 232, nays 61, not voting 137,
AS follows:
[Roll No. 181]
Ahbitt,.,, Douglas Kirwan
Addonizlo Dgyle Klein
Albert Eaton Kunkel
Allen, Calif. Eberharter Lane
Andersen, Elliott Lanham
IT. Carl Ellsworth Latham
Andrews. Elston LeCompte
Arends Engle, Calif. LeFevre
Aspinall Evins Lind
Bailey Feighan Linehan
Barden Fellows Lucas
Ba}ring Fenton McCarthy
Bates, Mass. Fernandez McConnell
Battle Fisher McCormack
Beckworth Flood McCulloch
Benp,gtt, Fla. Forand McDonough
Bennett Mich. Ford McGrath
Bentsen Fugate McGuire
BiemilIer Fulton McKinnon
G dori ,
bsif ` , R.OOrsai
Graham
Brown, Ohio Grant
Bpclianan Gregory
Buckley, Ill. Quill
Burleson Hagen
lines . ? Gavin Magee
Goodwin Marsallse
Martin, Iowa
4(
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YEAS-232
Martin, Mass.
Meyer
Michener
Miles
Miller, Nebr.
Mills
Burton Hall, Multer
Byrne, N. Y. Leonard W. Murdock
Byrnes,'Wis. Halleck Murphy
Camp Harden Murray, Tenn.
Canfield Hardy Nelson
Cannon Harrison Nixon
Cjrnahan Hart Noland
Carroll Harvey Norblad
I Case, N. J. Havenner Norton
Case, S. Dak. Hays, Ark. O'Brien, Ill.
Celler Hedrick O'Hara, Ill.
atham Herter O'Konski
Cbelf Heselton O'Neill
'
Sullivan
Che cley Hoffman, Mich. O
C r ,otopher Holifleld Patten
Clemente Holmes Peterson
Cgoley Jacobs Preston
Cooper Javits Price
Corbett Denison Priest
Crawford Jennings Ramsay
Crook. Jensen Rhodes
# ' hpjngham Jones, Ala. Robeson
tis Jones, Mo. Rodino
L'e Jones, N. C. Rogers, Mass.
rennorf" - Tiiad "`-" - Rooney
~ ` ; F Keating:
o, n .i1ourn
nger` `-Kilday
Short
Slices
Simpson, Ill.;
Smathers
Thornberry
Widnall
Spence
Tollefson
Wier
Staggers
Trimble
Wigglesworth
Stanley
Underwood
Wilson, Okla.
Stefan
Van Zandt
Withrow
Sullivan
Vinson
Wolcott
Taber
Vorys
Woodhouse
Talle
Wagner
Woodruff
Tauriello
Walter
Yates
Thomas
Weichel
Young
Thompson
Whitaker
Zablocki
NAYS-61
Abernethy
Hull
Rankin
Allen, Ill.
Jonas
Reed, Ill.
Allen, La.
Kean
Reed, N. Y.
Angell
Kearney
Rees
Barrett, Wyo.
Kruse
Rich
Bishop
Larcade
Rogers, Fla.
Bolton, Ohio
McMillen, Ill.
Scrivner
Carlyle
Mahon
Secrest
Cole, Kans.
Mansfield
Smith, Kans.
Davis, Ga.
Marcantonio
Smith, Wis.
Davis, Wis.
Mason
Tackett
D'Ewart
Murray, Wis.
Teague
Dondero
Nicholson
Velde
Gathings
Norrell
Vursell
Golden
O'Hara, Minn.
Whitten
Gossett
O'.Tbole
Williams
Gross
Passman
Willis
Harris
Patman
Wilson, Tex.
Hays, Ohio
Pickett
Winstead
Hill
Poage
Hoeven
Rains
NOT VOTING-137
Anderson, Calif. Hebert
Plumley
Andresen,
Heffernan
Polk
August H.
Heller
Potter
Auchincloss
Herlong
Powell
Barrett, Pa.
Hinshaw
Quinn
Bates, Ky.
Hobbs
Rabaut
Beall
Hoffman, 111.
Redden
Blackney
Hope
Regan
Boggs, Del.
Horan
Ribicoff
Bolton, Md.
Irving
Richards
Boykin
Jackson, Wash. Rivers
Breen
James
Sabath
Brehm
Jenkins
Sadlak
Brooks
Kearns
Sadowski
Bryson
Keefe
St. George
Buckley, N. Y.
Kelley, Pa.
Sanborn
Bulwinkle
Kelly, N. Y.
Saylor
Burdick
Kennedy
Scott, Hardie
Burke
Keogh
Scott,
Cavalcante
Kerr
Hugh D., Jr.
Chiperfleld
Lichtenwalter
Shafer
Chudoff
Lodge
Shelley
Cole, N. Y.
Lovre
Simpson, Pa.
Cotton
Lyle
Sims
Coudert
Lynch
Smith, Ohio
Cox
McGregor
Smith, Va.
Dawson
McMillan, S. C.
Steed
DeGraffenried
McSweeney
Stigler
Dingell
Mack, Ill.
Stockman
Dolliver
Macy
Sutton
Doughton
Marshall
Taylor
Durham
Merrow
Towe
Engel, Mich.
Miller, Calif.
? Wadsworth
Fallon
Miller, Md.
Walsh
Fogarty
Mitchell
Welch
Frazier
Monroney
Werdel
Gamble
Morris
Wheeler
Gary
Morrison
White, Calif.
Gillette
Morton
White, Idaho
Gilmer
Moulder
Whittington
Gore
O'Brien, Mich.
Wickersham
Granahan
Pace
Wilson, Ind.
Granger
Patterson
Wolverton
Green
Perkins
Wood
Gwinn
Pfeifer,
Hall,
Joseph L.
Edwin Arthur Pfeiffer,
Hand William L.
Hare Phillips, Tenn.
So the resolution was r.greed to.
The Clerk announced the following
pairs:
Mr. O'Brien of Michigan with Mr. Wolver-
ton.
Mr. Gary with Mr. Macy.
Mr. Bates of Kentucky with Mr. Coudert.
Mr. Burke with Mr. Towe.
.j.. Jackson of. Washington with Mrs. St.
George.
Mr. Gilmer with Mr. Horan.
Mr. Boykin with Mr. Jenkins.
Mr. Miller of California with Mr. Kearns.
Mr. Hebert with Mr. Chiperfield.
9231
Mr. Redden with Mr. Miller of Maryland.
Mr. Mitchell with Mr. Lichtenwalter.
Mr. Rabaut with Mr. McGregor.
Mr. Cavalcante with Mr. Auchincloss.
Mr. deGraffenried with Mr. Blackney.
Mr. Fallon with Mr. Morton.
Mr. Welch with Mr. Dolliver.
Mr. Wickersham with Mr. Gwinn,
Mr. Perkins with Mr. Hand.
Mr. Wood with Mr. Hoffman of Illinois.
Mr. Brooks with Mr. James.
Mr. Morrison with Mr. Sadlak.
Mr. Sadowski with Mr. Wadsworth.
Mr. Moulder with Mr, Boggs of Delaware.
Mr. Keogh with Mr. Patterson.
Mrs. Kelly of New York with Mr. Potter.
Mr. Heller with Mr. Engel of Michigan.
Mr. Heffernan with Mr. Beall.
Mr. Kennedy with Mr. Anderson of Cali-
fornia.
Mr. Joseph L. Pfeifer with Mr. August H.
Andresen.
Mr. Buckley of New York with Mr. Brehm.
Mr. Chudoff with Mr. Cole of New York.
Mr. Green with Mr. Gillette.
Mr. Barrett of Pennsylvania with Mr. Hin-
shaw.
Mr. Lynch with Mr. Hope.
Mr. Dingell with Mr. Taylor.
Mr. Cox with Mr. Shafer.
Mr. Fogarty with Mr. Simpson of Pennsyl-
vania.
Mr. Frazier with Mr. Stockman.
Mr. Granahan with Mr. Hardie Scott.
Mr. Regan with Mr. William L. Pfeiffer.
Mr. Ribicoff with Mr. Gamble.
Mr. Steed with Mr. Edwin Arthur Hall.
Mr. Stigler with Mr. Hugh D. Scott, Jr.
Mr. Irving with Mr. Werdel.
Mr. Sutton with Mr. Wilson of Indiana.
Mr. McSweeney with Mr. Sanborn.
Mr. Mack of Illinois with Mr. Saylor.
Mr. SECREST and Mr. MARCANTONIO
changed their vote from "yea" to "nay."
The result of the vote was announced
as above recorded.
The doors were opened.
DEFICIENCY APPROPRIATION ACT, 1950
Mr. CANNON. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent to take from the
Speaker's desk the bill (H. R. 8567) mak-
ing appropriations to supply deficiencies
in certain appropriations for the fiscal
year ending June 30, 1950, and for other
purposes, with Senate amendments
thereto, disagree to the Senate amend-
ments, and agree to the conference asked
by the Senate.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Mis-
souri? [After a pause]. The Chair
hears none, and appoints the following
conferees: Messrs. CANNON, MAHON,
THOMAS, WRITTEN, TABER, and WIGGLES-
WORTH.
Mr. CANNON. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that the conferees on
the bill H. R. 8567 have until 12 o'clock
tonight to submit a conference report.
The SPEAKER, Ks there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Mis-
souri?
There was no objection.
The 'conference report and statement
follow :
CONFERENCE REPORT (H. REST. No. 8567)
The committee of conference on the dis-
agreeing votes of the two Houses on the
amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R.
8567) "making appropriations to supply de-
ficiencies in certain appropriations for the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1950, and for other
purposes," having met, after full and free
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9232
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
conference, have agreed to recommend and
-do recommend to their respective Houses
as follows:
That the Senate recede from its amend-
ments numbered 2 and 26.
That the House. recede from its disagree-
ment to the amendments of the Senate num-
bered 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20,21,
25, 28, 29 and 30, and agree to the same.
Amendment numbered 9: That the House
recede from its disagreement to the amend-
ment of the Senate numbered 9, and agree
to the same with an amendment, as follows:
In lieu of the sum proposed by said amend-
ment, insert 11$122,500"; and the Senate agree
to the same.
Amendment numbered 10: That the House
recede from its disagreement to the amend-
ment of the Senate numbered 10, and agree
to the same with an amendment, as follows:
In lieu of the sum proposed by said amend-
ment, insert "$100,000"; and the Senate agree
to the same.
Amendment numbered 14: That the House
recede from its disagreement to the amend-
ment of the Senate numbered 14, and agree
to the same with an amendment, as follows:
In lieu of the matter stricken and Inserted
by said amendment, insert the following:
"For 'Contributions for annuity benefits,'
such additional amounts as may be necessary
on account of the Act of September. 1, 1916
(39 Stat. 718), as amended."
And the Senate agree to the same.
Amendment numbered 19: That the House
recede from its disagreement to the amend-
ment of the Senate numbered 19, and agree
to the same with an amendment, as follows:
In lieu of the matter proposed by said
amendment insert ", of which not to exceed
$20,000 may remain available for obligation
until July 31, 1950"; and the Senate agree
to the same.
Amendment numbered 22: That the House
recede from its disagreement to the amend-
ment of the Senate numbered 22, And-agree'
to the same with an amendment, as follows:
In lieu of the matter. proposed by said
amendment insert ", of which not to exceed
$127, 00 may remain available for obligation
until,July 31, 1950"; and the Sedate agree
to the same.
Amendment numbered 23: That the House
recede from its disagreement to the amend-
ment of the Senate numbered 23, and-agree
to the same,with an amendment, as follows:
In lieu of the matter, proposed by said
amendment, insert:
"CONTROL OF FOREST PESTS
"FOREST PEST CONTROL ACT
"For an additional amount for 'Forest
Pest Control Act', $2,000,000, to remain avail-
able until June 30, 1951: Provided, That this
appropriation shall be available from and
including May 29, 1950, for the purposes of
Such appropriation."
And the Senate agree to the same.
The committee of conference report in
disagreement amendments numbered 11, 12,
24 ,and 27,
.CLARENCE CANNON,
GEORGE H. MAHON,
ALBERT THOMAS,
JOHN TABER,
R. B. WIGGLESWORTH,
Managers on the Part of the House.
KENNETH MCKELLAR,
CARL HAYDEN,
RICHARD B. RUSSELL,
STYLES BRIDGES,
CHAN GURNEY,
Managers on the Part, of the Senate.
STATELONT
June 30, 1950, and for other purposes, sub-
mit the following report in explanation of
the effect of the action agreed upon and
recommended in the accompanying con-
ference report as to each of such amend-
ments, namely:
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Amendment No. 1 appropriates $160,000 for
general supervision and instruction, public
schools, as proposed by the Senate.
Amendment No. 2 appropriates $32,400 for
the municipal court, as proposed by the
House, instead of $40,360, as proposed by the
Senate.
Amendment No. 3 extends the availability
of funds for Glenn Dale Sanatorium, as pro-
posed by the Senate.
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
Amendments Nos. 4 and 5 appropriate
$127,000 for contingent expenses of the
Senate, as proposed by the Senate.
Amendment No. 6 appropriates $2,000 for
folding documents, as proposed by the,
Senate.
Amendments Nos. 7 and 8 appropriate
gratuities to the widows of deceased Repre-
sentatives, as proposed by the Senate.
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Amendment No. 9 appropriates $122,500
for legal activities not otherwise provided
for, instead of $109,000 as proposed by the
House, and $145,000 as proposed by the
Senate.
Amendment No. 10 appropriates $100,000
for contingent expenses, instead of $80,000
as proposed by the House and $114,000 as
proposed by the Senate.
Amendment No. 11 is reported in disagree-
ment.
Amendment No. 12 is reported in disagree-
ment.
Amendment No. 13 appropriates $90,000 for
fees of witnesses as proposed by the Senate,
instead of.$185,000 as proposed by the House.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
Amendment No. 14 appropriates an indef-
inite amount for contributions for annuity
benefits, Secret Service Division, as proposed
by the House, instead of $11,900 as proposed
by the Senate.
POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT
Amendment No. 15 appropriates $54,200 for
salaries of inspectors as proposed by the
Senate.
Amendment No. 16 appropriates $10,000,-
000 for rural delivery service as proposed by
the Senate instead of $6,000,000 as proposed
by the House.
Amendment No. 17 appropriates $572,000
for salaries, custodial service as proposed by
the Senate.
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Amendment No. 18 appropriates $64,127 for
the office of the solicitor as proposed by the
Senate instead of $113,000 as proposed by the
House.
Amendment No. 19 provides that not to
exceed $20,000 of the appropriation for the
office of the solicitor shall remain available
until July 31, 1950, instead of an indefinite
amount as proposed by the Senate.
Amendment No. 20 appropriates $6,100 for
the Bureau of Labor Standards as proposed
by the Senate instead of $9,500 as proposed
by the House.
Amendment No. 21 appropriates $655,000
for the Wage and Hour Division as proposed
by the Senate instead of $1,100,000 as pro-
posed by the House.
Amendment No. 22 provides that not to
exceed $127,000 of the appropriation for the
Wage and Hour Division shall remain avail-
able until July 31, 1960, instead of an indefi-
of .the two Houses on the amendments of DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
the Senate to the bill (H. R. 8567) making Amendment No. 23 appropriates $2,000,-
appropriations to supply deficiencies in cer- 000 for forest pest control instead of $3,620,-
tain appropriations for the fiscal year ending 000 as proposed by the Senate, such amount
JUNE 22
to be available from May 29, 1950, and all
obligations for such purpose incurred after
such date to be charged to the appropriation
herein provided.
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
Amendment No. 24 reported in disagree-
ment.
PUBLIC HOUSING ADMINISTRATION
Amendment No. 25 provides that the ap-
propriation shall remain available until June
30, 1951.
NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMCrTEE FOR AERONAUTICS
Amendment No. 26 appropriates $76,000,-
000 as proposed by the House instead of $78,-
500,000 as proposed by the Senate.,
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE
Amendment No. 27 reported in disagree-
ment.
PAY INCREASES-DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Amendment No. 28 provides that $120,000
of the funds for the Bureau of Labor Statis-
tics shall be derived by transfer, as propo
by the Senate, Instead of $85,000, as propo
by the House.
CLAIMS, JUDGMENTS, ETC.
Amendments Nos. 29 and 30 appropriate
$9,914,909.82 for payment of claims, etc., as
proposed by the Senate instead of $8,627,-
922.79 as proposed by the House.
CLARENCE CANNON,
GEORGE H. MAHON,
ALBERT THOMAS,
JOHN TABER,
R. B. WIGGLESWORTH,
Managers on the Part of the House.
ENLISTMENT OF ALIENS IN THE REGULAR
ARMY
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Speaker, I move
that the House resolve itself Into the
Committee of the Whole House on the
State of the Union for the consideration
of the bill (S. 2269) to provide for the
enlistment of aliens in the Regular
Army.
The motion was agreed to. '_
Accordingly the House resolved ite
into the Committee of the Whole Hot,..
on the State of the Union for the con-
sideration of the bill S. 2269, with Mr.
CARROLL in the chair.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
By unanimous consent, the first read-
ing of the bill was dispensed with.
Mr. VINSON. Mr,. Chairman, the
gentleman from Illinois [Mr. ALLEN]
raised the question that the bill did not
have the approval of the Secretary of
Defense, Mr. Johnson. I desire to call
to the attention of the committee the
fact that in a letter dated January 25,
1950, written to me by the Secretary of
the Army, the Secretary had this to say:
The Secretary of Defense has delegated to
this department the responsibility of ex-
pressing the views of the Department of De-
fense. The Department of the Army favors
the enactment of H. R. 6140 subject to the
amendments hereinafter recommended.
So the committee can understand this
is a departmental bill recommended by
,the Department of Defense and the re-
sponsibility for its consideration was
given to the Department of the Army.
Mr. JOHNSON. M:r. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. VINSON. I yield.
Mr. JOHNSON, Will the chairman
please advise the committee whether the
vote on the bill in committee was unani-
mous?
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Mr. VINSON. I point out to the Com-
-mittee that after two or three hearings,
after Senator LODGE, the author of the
bill, appeared in person, after General
Collins had testified in open hearings as
well as in executive session, after thor-
ough debate in committee, the Commit-
tee on Armed Services made a unanimous
recommendation in support of this bill.
Mr. Chairman, in view of what has
been said, I propose to offer an amend-
ment to strike out the wording with ref-
erence'to the Secretary of State. I am
not sharing, by offering that amend-
ment, in some of the criticisms that have
been made of the Secretary of State or
his department, but I am eliminating
the opportunity that the retention of
'those words in the bill might give to
some as a ground for objection.
So the bill will read, if that amend-
ment is agreed to, "With the approval
of the Secretary of the Army."
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Will the gen-
Wteman yield?
Mr VINSON. I yield.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Did the Com-
mittee on Armed Services unanimously
agree to the State Department doing the
screening of everyone? Is it my under-
standing that the Armed Services Com-
mittee wanted the State Department to
do all the screening and the final ap-
proval?
Mr. VINSON. If the gentleman from
Illinois has the idea that the State De-
partment does any screening, he is in
error,
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Did your com-
mittee unanimously approve doing the
screening as the gentleman from Cali-
fornia mentioned, when he said you had
unanimously reported the bill?
Mr. VINSON. The whole theory of
the bill is that all the screening and the
selection and the enlisting shall be done
v the Department of the Army. So I
X11 offer an amendment at the proper
-- ' time to strike from this bill "the Sec-
retary of State," giving complete con-
trol of this legislation to the Department
of the Army. That will eliminate the
objection that some have made to the bill.
Then, I will also offer an amendment
on page 3 of the bill to strike out the
words "or earlier." The effect of that
is this: Under the committee amend-
ment, before anyone could get citizen-
ship, he must be ordered to this coun-
try and must have served honorably for
5 years or have received an honorable
discharge at the end of the enlistment
or at an earlier date. So we will offer
an amendment to strike out "or earlier."
The effect of that is that he must serve
not less than 5 years, must be honorably
discharged, and he must be ordered to
the United States. If he is not ordered
to the United States, it makes no differ-
ence how long he serves, he never can
become a citizen of the United States.
Now, let us be realistic about this.
Suppose a certain alien is recruited in
K:` ;tle Army from a country in Europe. He
nevbrcomes to this country. He never
becomes a citizen of the United States.
If he is never ordered here, he does not
become a citizen of the United States.
If he is ordered here, and if he is other-
wise qualified and has served 5 years hon-
orably, then he is eligible for citizenship.
Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. VINSON. I yield.
Mr. STEFAN. After 5 years can he
take out his first papers, or does he au-
tomatically become a citizen?
Mr. VINSON, He must qualify after
that, just like everyone else.
Mr. STEFAN. In other words, he will
have to wait 5 years more before becom-
ing a citizen?
Mr. VINSON. No.
Mr. STEFAN. Then, he automati-
cally becomes a citizen. I am afraid the
gentleman did not clarify that. After
5 years he takes out his first papers, does
he? Under the regular immigration
laws an alien takes out his first papers.
Mr. VINSON. He gets the same bene-
fits automatically that the wartime alien
received.
Mr. STEFAN. That would be 1 year,
then.
Mr. VINSON. Yes. That is all the
benefit he gets.
Mr. STEFAN. Then, after 5 years, the
1-year provision applies?
Mr. VINSON. Yes. Now, all this bill
does is to permit the Department of the
Army to recruit 2,500 people, to recruit
them for a period of 3 years. They must
be between the ages of 18-and 35.
Let me call your attention to this: The
demands of modern war and of modern
military machines for highly technical,
scientific, professional, and specially
trained individuals are insatiable. The
time has passed when a general practi-
tioner in the art of warfare will suffice.
The military now is a grouping of vast
numbers of specially trained technicians
in every field of human endeavor.
This high degree of specialization and
our world-wide interests, risks, and obli-
gations have produced this program. It
will open to our Army opportunities for
obtaining exceptionally well qualified
persons in fields which cannot be fully
satisfied through our own manpower re-
sources. Persons such as skilled lin-
guists, persons who comprehend foreign
customs, temperament, and phychology,
who are intimately familiar with the ter-
rain and local geographic features of
various areas in the world, will be of ex-
treme value to our Army and yet very
difficult to obtain solely from among
American citizens. It is such people
that this bill contemplates will be ad-
mitted into our Army.
That is the whole purpose of the leg-
islation, and it is also safeguarded as to
citizenship.
With the number admissible so lim-
ited-only 2,500-there can be no doubt
that those admitted will be of the very
highest caliber and of the finest abilities.
Because of these considerations the
Army Chief of Staff, who appeared be-
fore our committee both in open and in
executive session on this bill, is very
eager for the early enactment of this
measure in order to get this important
program promptly under way.
Now, there is another important pro-
vision in this bill. It is section 4, ap-
pearing on page 3 of the bill.
This section will qualify for American
citizenship, within certain- limitations,
the persons who enter the Army under
this program.
In order to qualify, these persons must
first enter the United States pursuant to
military orders. In other words, the
Army must order them into the United
States before they may qualify for
citizenship.
So, here is the situation on that: The
alien enlists overseas if acceptable in all
respects to the Army. He cannot get to
the United States unless the Army orders
him here. If the Army does not order
him here, he can never become an Amer-
ican citizen in this program. He will re-
main an alien in our service abroad until
and unless the Army terminates his
service or he refuses to reenlist.
So you see when he enlists abroad he
must be ordered by the Army to come
here before the benefit of citizenship can
be given to him. The Army can keep
him 5 years in his Army enlistment
abroad, and he gets no benefit as far as
citizenship is concerned, but if the Army
orders him here, he qualifies for citizen-
ship and needs only to file a petition of
naturalization, or if he and his witnesses
are examined by a representative of the
Army they may be naturalized immedi-
ately. Even then he must have com-
pleted 5 years of service before he can
qualify.
I think that gives the committee all
the information. There is nothing in
this bill to get excited about. The De-
partment of the Army sponsors it; Gen-
eral Collins is asking for it; and I think
it is a bill that will strengthen the Army.
It is a bill that will not permit the Army
to have saddled upon it some 2,500 Com-
munists enlisting in the services.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of
my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman
from Georgia has consumed 12 minutes.
Mr. SHORT. Mr. Chairman, I yield
myself such time as I may desire.
Mr. Chairman, when this legislation
was first proposed to our committee, the
gentleman from Texas [Mr. KILDAY] and
myself both hit the ceiling. To say that
we were surprised is putting it very
mildly. Naturally, one would think of
foreign legions, of hired Hessians, and
wonder if we have reached such a low
level in this country that red-blooded
Americans are not any longer willing to
face danger and, if necessary, die for
their country but would have to depend
on foreign mercenaries. That was one of
the things that caused us some appre-
hension in the beginning.
Another was the thought if we would
bring in the original number asked for,
25,000, we might get enough rotten apples
in the barrel of our own Army to con-
taminate our patriotic American soldier.
That danger still exists to some extent
because if we are frank and honest with
you we will have to admit that this meas-
ure carries some calculated risk.
We run a risk when we bring aliens
into our Army. They, I think, run an
even greater risk because they give
notice to their native countries as well
as to America that their head is in a
noose and they will have to exercise not
only extreme caution but prove through
trial under Close surveillance, after being
carefully screened, and combed with a
fine-tooth comb, that they are loyal and
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CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD-HOUSE
patriotic to the Army in which they have
entered.
We all know of the deplorable state of
affairs in Europe following the last global
conflict, the complete destruction and
utter devastation, the hopelessness and
despair existing among the masses of the
people. We know there are many people
who because their forms of government
have been changed, who because they
suffered such political upheaval, social
chaos and economic dislocation who now
live in slavery and fear, would welcome
the opportunity of entering the service
of the United States Army in the hope
of some day receiving citizenship, per-
haps the greatest prize that could be
offered to a distressed people in any sec-
tion of this world.
Modern mechanized warfare is no
longer a simple matter. It is highly com-
plex and technical. Some of us here
who visited the,great underground fac-
tory at Nordhausen in Germany 3 or 4
weeks before the surrender of the Reich
went through 33 miles of subterranean
passages where the V-1 and V-2 bombs
were being manufactured. We had wit-
nessed the appalling destruction in both
London and Antwerp that was done by
these missiles of death. We will have to
frankly admit that in many respects the
Germans were scientifically ahead of us,
not only when it came to making up
these bombs of destruction but also in
the development of submarines of the
snorkel type.
If we can ggt some good German scien-
tists, Czech engineers, and Balt brains,
if we can get some men of high tech-
nical skill-men who love freedom as
most of the Polish loved it-we might
use them to advantage, and do not forget
the magnificent contribution that the
Polish volunteers in the last war made
to the winning of our victory, particu-
`larly in Italy. Do not forget even what
the Japanese out in Hawaii contributed
in the same country-in Italy-in bring-
Ing victory to the American forces.
Look at the two portraits before you.
George Washington, a British subject,
led our American Revolution and Lafay-
ette, a citizen of France, helped him win
our independence. We do not have to
question the patriotism of any of these
foreigners or aliens who are willing to
loin us because of their comparable po-
litical background, because of their love
of freedom, because of their devotion to
liberty, because of their similar philoso-
phy of life. Many of them are without
a home or country and would not have
'to betray their native land.
Mr. JOHNSON, Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentleman
from California.
Mr. JOHNSON. Will the gentleman
kindly add the Italians who joined the
Fifth Army to help us fight in Italy and
Germany?
Mr. SHORT. Not only the Italians
who joined the Fifth Army but the un-
derground in France and every other
country invaded. Now, I think we
learned, particularly you men here who
were in active combat-certainly the
author of this bill as an officer in the
United States Army in Sicily, in north
Africa, and in Italy-he learned through
his on experience, as has, I am sure, our
friend the gentleman from Pennsylvania
[Mr. 'VAN ZANDTI, out in the Pacific war-
we learned the lesson in Africa, in Eu-
rope, in the Pacific, wherever men fought
that if we had had the advantage and
the benefit of certain skills, knowledge
of the language, knowledge of the topog-
raphy, the geography, the terrain, the
conditions in a particular area to be in-
vaded, we would have saved many, many
American lives. It is all a question of
intelligence and it is all a question of
knowing not only how strong you are but
how strong or weak your enemy is; and
if we take 2,500 men, which are not many
when they are dispersed, but integrated
among over 600,000, I think perhaps they
will be able to give their commanders
certaiin knowledge in the event of conflict
and before invasion that will save many,
many American lives.
Let us be honest. This is a dirty
business, but war is dirty. It is dan-
gerous business, but war is dangerous.
So while I was inclined at the beginning
to vigorously oppose this bill, and while
there are aspects to it that are repug-
nant to the conscience of any decent
human being, I am convinced, after we
sat on the bill and after we heard the
representatives of both the State and
Defense Departments, the bill should be
passed. Because we do have to have
a State Department-I hope-that
Members will not allow any precon-
ceived notions or prejudices to have too
much weight as they consider this par-
ticular measure. We have our foreign
embassies in all countries. We have our
military and naval attaches. I think
that today the Department of Defense
and the Department of State must work
more closely in unison and integration
and cohesion than ever before. This
last war taught us that lesson. But,
whether you leave the State Department
in the bill or take it out, I think that
on the whole the measure is meritorious
and.should be passed in the interest of
the security and the defense of the
United States.
Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentle-
man from Michigan.
Mr. DONDERO. Are we taking a new
step today or is there any precedent in
American history for an act of this kind?
Mr. GAVIN. Mr. Chairman, I would
like to, answer that question.
Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentle-
man.
Mr. GAVIN. I might call the atten-
tion of the gentleman from Michigan
to the fact that during the war years
of 1941 to 1945 we had 117,000 aliens in
the service of the Armed Forces, so there
is nothing new in this legislation before
us today. We have already established
the precedent of enlisting aliens into
the Armed Forces.
Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentleman
from Pennsylvania.
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Mr. VAN ZANDT. It is a well-known
fact that after World War I and World
War II we granted citizenship to aliens
who aided us to win both World Wars.
Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Chair-
man, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentleman
from New York.
Mr. MARCANTONIO. While that
-statement is true, the fact should be
pointed out that these so-called aliens,
I prefer to use the term foreign born,
who were residing in the United States
and were called into the Army did not
set up the fact that they were not citi-
zens, but went in and. served and served
honorably and well for our country, and
that is why they became citizens of the
United States later. But this is a dif-
ferent situation. These are people who
are living abroad and are not living in
the United States and will become merely
paid hirelings, present-day Hessians.
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, will th~
gentleman yield?
Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentle-
man from Georgia.
Mr. VINSON. Let me call the atten-
tion of the gentleman from New York
to the fact that this involves the same
principle and is the same thing seamen
had. There are laws on the statute
books today that an alien seaman can
get citizenship after 5 years of service
on a ship. The identical thing is in
this bill.
Mr. SHORT. May I also call the at-
tention of the gentleman from New York
to the language on page 2, lines 5 to 8:
Persons enlisted under the provisions of
this act shall be integrated into established
units with citizen soldiers and not segre-
gated into separate organizations for aliens.
So they are no more citizens than the
people who resided for a brief period in
the United States before they went into
the armed services. A few months o0i
residence makes little difference.
Mr. MARCANTONIO. I will tell the
gentleman what makes the big differ-
ence. It is the fact that a person has
migrated to the United States, together
with the fact that he has chosen our
country as the land in which he wants to
live. That man has the right to fight
for the United States and should be given
citizenship. But there is certainly a big
difference between that situation and the
situation where you take a hireling
abroad and confer citizenship upon him,
for what?
Mr. SHORT. I may say to the gen-
tleman, and the gentleman well knows
it, and knows it as well or better perhaps
than most of us, that there are hundreds
of thousands of aliens and foreigners in
other countries who have been more
eager but less fortunate in getting to
the United States than those who are
already here.
Mr. GAVIN. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentleman
from Pennsylvania.
Mr. GAVIN. I should like to call to
attention of the gentleman my remarks
made when this proposal was before the
House in June 1948 about people who
have no country to turn to. They are
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9235
Mr. SCRIVNER. That still does not
answer the question as to what veter-
ans' benefits these men will get whether
they become citizens or not.
Mr. VINSON. He gets no benefits un-
til he becomes a citizen. He must be-
come a citizen.
Mr. SCRIVNER. I think the commit-
tee should make that exceptionally clear
in the bill.
Mr. VINSON. He is an alien until he
becomes a citizen, so that he can enjoy
any benefits under any of our laws.
Mr. SCRIVNER. He would be a vet-
eran as soon as he is discharged.
Mr. VINSON. He will not be a citizen.
He is an alien in every sense of the
word until citizenship is conferred upon
him.
Mr. SCRIVNER. Then I take it on the
word of the chairman that he would not
receive any veterans' benefit unless he
becomes a citizen?
Mr. VINSON. That is correct.
Mr. SCRIVNER. Now the statement
has just been made here that very few
of them are going to take out citizenship
papers-then where is the great reward
that you are talking about in this bill?
Mr. SHORT. They will get the pay of
a United States soldier while they are
serving for five long years. Some will
become citizens but by no means all. .
Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHORT. I yield.
Mr. VAN ZANDT. Is it not true they
will be on probation for about 5 years
before being -granted citizenship?.
Mr. SHORT. Absolutely. And they
are watched and checked continually and
carefully.
Mr. VAN ZANDT. Also they will be
under the strict observation of their
commanding officer who will have to
recommend whether or not they shall
be granted citizenship?
Mr. SHORT. They will be combed
when they are brought in by the Army
and they will be combed by the Depart-
ment of State as well before they have
the rights of citizenship bestowed upon
them.
Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. Mr. Chair-
man, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHORT. I yield.
Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. The state-
ment has been made that about 115,000
or 116,000 aliens were in the Army in
the last war which just closed, and they
were not citizens of the United States,
as I understand it. Do they get benefits
under the GI bill of rights, the same as
men who are citizens of the United
States?
Mr. KEARNEY. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHORT. I yield to the gentle-
man from New York [Mr. KEARNEY], who
is a member of the Committee on Vet-
erans Affairs, to answer that question.
Mr. KEARNEY. If they are honor-
ably discharged members of the armed
services, they are entitled to the bene-
fits of veterans legislation.
Mr. MILLER of Nebraska. But under
this bill unless they become citizens of
the United States they are not entitled
stateless people. - They cannot go back islands under attack, he would have lost
to their own countries as they have no thousands upon thousands of lives.
t t I said at that time: Mr. SHORT. There is no doubt about
o
t
.
ry o go
coun
Now as far as availability &f aliens is con- that. I think it is an accurate historical
cerried for enlistment, it might be said there and military fact that has been estab-
are a considerable number of Polish ex-serv- lished.
icemen; and in Britain alone it is estimated Mr. REES. Mr. Chairman, will the
there are about 110,000 of these men. How gentleman yield?
many are in the United States and British Mr. SHORT. I yield.
zones of Germany who could be enlisted in Mr. REFS. The thing that disturbs
our Armed Forces, I am unable to say. But
1understand there are thousands of these me is that you have to put them in the
stateless lien and that a great many are United States Army to get the informa-
being used by our forces for civilian guard tion you are talking about. Can you not
duty. secure the information without having to
There are also a - great number of males take these people and putting them in
from the Baltic States-Estonia, Latvia, and the United States Army to get that in-
Lithuania-and some from Czechoslovakia formation which we are discussing now
and Yugoslavia, who are most reliable and and which was mentioned by the gentle-
have potential soldiers. Many of these men
have basic military training and are well man from Pennsylvania? These people
qualified to serve in our Army. who gave us the information that he
So it is not a question of taking them talks about were not in our armed forces,
-'~ into this country, they have no country were they?
to go to. Mr. SHORT. No; but if they fought
Here we have a group of mezl who are side by side with us and were a part of
us, we would perhaps receive even greater
stateless, who would be anxious to enlist help. If the thing does not become too
in the services of the United States; who top-heavy it would work out, there is
understand the characteristics and your danger.
language of the country in which they Chairman, will
would serve; who would be good soldiers Mrrr. a question?
and do afine job for us. In fact, we have the gentleman DONDERO. SHORT. I yield yield. Mod.
used them in a civilian status. I think Mr. Mr. SHORT. In other words, this
this legislation is of great importance Mr. . intended . In to make a cons
and will give us an opportunity to tap bill l is intsioneo our really t defense.
this reservoir of manpower desirous of Mr. VINSON. Ynational
es.
enlisting in our services. Mr. DONDERO. That is what I
This would give these soldiers and gather from the gentleman's speech.
prospective citizens something to work Mr. SHORT. Absolutely. That is
for, and during the 5-year period we the reason we reduced the number to
could indoctrinate them with the funda- 2,500 because it is more or less a new
mentals of Americanism and good citi- project. It is going to be a matter of
zenship. If after rendering honorable trial and error. If it proves successful
service and found qualified, they would then we can expand it and enlarge it.
be in excellent condition to make good If it does not, we can get rid of it.
sound American citizens. I think this Mr. SCRIVNER. Mr. Chairman, will
is a great opportunity and this bill should the gentleman yield?
pass overwhelmingly. Mr. SHORT. I yield.
Mr. SHORT. God forbid that there Mr. SCRIVNER. What other bene-
forced another conflict, but if we are fits will these men receive, besides the
forced into it, I hope 'that when we in-
it oportunity to take out American citi-
a a fe few, we will
wade soome me certain
from m zenshi if they are ordered to this coun-
people, ople, a sections few, Just the world
have s try? I am referring definitely and par-
, as
We would like to talk about it, bu
become American citizens unless they are
said once in connection with the con-
sideration country.
of similar legislation, perhaps broughMr. t t to to this ER. The bill does not say
the least we said about this in public that.
the better off we all would be. Mr. SHORT. Yes it does but I dare
__
dn-.. I yield to the gentleman ~~???~ ~?? ?~ -___ ________ ._ __ _
enns lvania. Mr. VINSON. The bill does say posi-
tively that they get no benefits until they
ar with General 1 etirbliul ? When the person becomes a citizen of the
n hopping program in the Pacific? United States, he will enjoy every benefit
',VAl~I_GtllVLl, vvcac+ua+v~... ~.?n .-
heyad of ens w o ;new the terrai_ Mr. SHORT. He gets no more and no
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those regions who do speak the language, titularly to veterans' benefits. What
who do know the country, and who know will they get?
conditions, and can advise our com- Mr. SHORT. They will be entitled to
wanders intelligently as to the problems the same rights, benefits, privileges, pre-
ahey are going to face when they go in rogatives and pay as any other enlistee in
t in'd take over. That is the pur- the United States Army and no more.
pose of of this bill. Mr. SCRIVNER. That is whether
There is little that anyone else, I think, they come over here and take out Amer-
coufd add to what our chairman has al- icon citizenship or not?
ready given you. It is something that Mr. SHORT. No; they have to be-
we cannot tell you everything about. come American citizens and they will not
I
t
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IZ413 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE JUNE 22
to any of the benefits of the GI bill of . Mr. SHORT. Yes, which says how long they shall re-
rights? Mr. ELSTON. And, In the second main so.
W. SHORT. That is right, place, they must be sent to this country Mr. SHORT. During his term of en-
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Chairman, on orders of military authorities? listment, I should think.
will the gentleman yield? Mr. SHORT. Yes, sir. - Mr. VINSON. No. You cannot en-
Mr. SHORT. I yield. Mr. ELSTON. And, In the third place, list anyone unless he is a single man.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. What would which has not been mentioned, they Mr. SCRIVNER. But he can enlist
be the position of the individual soldier - must otherwise possess all other qualifi- today and get married the next day and
in the event that the United States went cations of a citizen, develop a line of dependents, and in 5
to war against his country? Does he Mr. SHORT. Oh, yes. Yes. Abso- years he could have at least three.
have to give up any allegiance to his own lutely. Mr. VINSON. They could not do that
country while serving under the Stars Mr. GROSS. Mr. Chairman, will the without permission of the service.
and Stripes? gentleman yield? Mr. SCRIVNER. There Is nothing in
Mr. SHORT. Why, certainly, abso- Mr. SHORT. I yield. the bill that says so.
lutely. If he does not, he would in all Mr. GROSS. It is presumed that these Mr. VINSON. He cannot do it, be-
probability lose his head if he went back men are going to win stripes soon after cause that is during the term of his
to his own country. they get into the American Army? Is enlistment.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. What does he that not right? Mr. SHORT. That is my under-
have to do with regard to serving his Mr. SHORT. Yes. I hope so; they will standing.
allegiance to his own country? be no good if they do not. Mr. SCRIVNER. There is not any
Mr. SHORT. When he goes into the Mr. GROSS. What effect will that bar on it.
United States Army he pledges , alle- have upon the morale of the American Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield
glance and swears loyalty and fealty to Army? myself 2 minutes to clear up this matter.'"
the flag, Constitution, and institutions Mr, SHORT. I think the American Is Anyone serving outside of the United
of the United States. willing to compete with anybody at any States cannot get married without the
Mr. ALLEY of Illinois. He takes the time, and if he is not willing to do it, permission of the cornmanding officer
oath? then he should be ashamed to call him- under whom he serves. That applies to
Mr. SHORT. Yes. If he is caught self an American. citizens, and it will apply In cases of
reneging or, cheating, of course, it is, his Mr. .ROSS. But you are going to this kind.
neck through court martial in our own bring those men in here and almost au- Mr. SCRIVNER. Let us follow that
forces; or, if he tries to go back to his tomaticaIly bestow stripes on them. a little. Here, for instance, the enlistee
own country, they would put him before Mr. SHORT. Oh, no. Not at all. could be the elder son or any son of the
the firing squad the following morning. They come in as enlisted men, and they family; the parent dies; he has four or
Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Chairman, will serve through the grades. However, I five brothers and sisters dependent upon
the gentleman yield? dare say the men who are chosen will be him. If they are actual dependents he
Mr. SHORT. I yield, men who possess many skills and spe- is entitled to benefits for them under
Mr. VAN ZANDT. Is it not true veter- cialized knowledge and are much the pay bill, just the same as our men
ans of World Wars I and II were grant- smarter in some ways even than many are.
ed a short cut to citizenship as a result Americans. I know they are much Mr. VINSON. He would be entitled
of their honorable service during the smarter than I am. as an enlisted man to any benefits other
wars? Mr. GROSS. Of course I would not enlisted men in the Army are entitled to.
Mr. SHORT. Yes; that is true. admit that. . Mr. SCRIVNER. That is just exactly
Mr. VELDE. Mr. Chairman, Will the Mr. SHORT. And we need that scien- what I figured.
gentleman yield? tific training and technological develop- Mr. GROSS. Mr. Chairman, will the
Mr. SHORT. I yield. ment. Americans should not think that gentleman yield?
Mr. VELDE. Certain mention has we have a monopoly on all the wisdom Mr. VINSON. I yield.
been made of possibilities of war. i and virtue there is in this world. Mr. GROSS. The gentleman
presume you include in the realm of Mr. 'VINSON. Mr. Chairman, will
cates his prede.
possibilities a war with Russia. In the gentleman yield? answer on overseas service.
what way would this help to get infor- Mr. SHORT. I yield. that There the man nothing will in be in this bill
oveelrseas eas service that states
tt
oration from Russia about various fa- Mr. VINSON. I think the gentleman or any part of it.
'01lities in Russia? should make it clear, and the committee Mr. VINSON. He has to enlist from
Mr. SHORT. I am hopeful, myself, should understand, that anyone enlist- overseas, and he is kept overseas until
that several of the Slavic countries be- ing now will get no benefits of the GI bill the Army orders him here.
hind the iron curtain can furnish us of rights, because they all had to serve Mr. GROSS. The bill does not say so.
with a few of this quota, because they during the other war. They apply only Mr. VINSON. Then if he is ordered
possess a great deal of knowledge, not during that time, and they get no rights here, after serving 5 years honorably, he
only about their own countries behind that the GI obtains on account of his is eligible for citizenship. That is all
the iron curtain, but they possess consid- service during the war. He would get all the bill does.
erable knowledge about Russia itself. benefits of an enlisted man, clothes, ra- Mr. GROSS. But this bill makes no
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Will the gen- tions, pay, and then he cannot get any- such provision.
tleman yield for one further qeustion? thing until he becomes an American Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield
Mr. SHORT. I yield. citizen. 5 minutes to the distinguished gentle-
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Was there any Mr. SCRIVNER. Not even peacetime man from Texas [Mr. GOSSETT].
testimony that this was the beiinning of disability pensions?
a one-world army? Mr. VINSON. We have no peacetime Mn fished c a Mn Of the com the
Mr. SHORT. No. None whatever. disability pensions. tee third was nota n ll to excited
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. It is not the Mr. SCRIVNER. Oh, we most cer- tee said this was not a ing to get exciteforerunner to bring us under one general tainly do, about, and I am :not going to get excited
army? Mr. SHORT. Yes; we have peacetime about it; but I am opposed to the bill,
Mr. SHORT. No, no. I think I can disability pensions, and I want to explain briefly tile reasons
allay the gentleman's fears and appre- Mr. SCRIVNER. The question I want for my opposition,
pensions on that score, to ask is this: As I read this bill, when Last year, if you_yyjll.,recall,.out o. la.
Mr. ELSTON. Mr. Chairman, will the these men enlist they are to be unmar- sa=p4 , _ ee we passed a bill to er-
gentleman yield? i e(~ aliens, me without dependents. nit the CIC-I believe that is rigs any-
Mr. SHORT. I yield. V, ~"E Men without depend- way_Ge ?rces-toxng
Mr, ELSTON. As a matter of fact, es; s ff; will be cheaper. il1Q s~ersola~; they_cou .,bring in anyone..
want
there are three safeguards. First, they Mr
was thought at that
SCRIVNER
i
'
.
. How long will they t
me:
must
it was-7
s ve 5 years in the Armed Forces have to remain unmarried and without that such w
of the United States. dependents? There is nothing in the bill ould ia1~e care nL,iemex
gent ases of perso s fu;rnisnine info;-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9237
mation to the armed? yice& Recently,
in this session oMongress-and I want
the gentleman to follow me here-re-
cently, in, this session of . Congress we
passed the Walter bill for selective im-
migration, and we provided that a board
should be set up composed of a epre-
sentative-from each of Commerce,-State,
Justice, Labor, and the armed services-
five on this board-to pick 2,500 per year.
They could just give an immigration visa
to any person they wanted, regardless
of who he was or his place in line. That
would take care of persons of peculiar
skills or those whom we thought might
be of service to this country.
My opposition to this bill is that it is
a new gadget, of which we have too many
already, for obtaining American citizen-
sLip. My guess is that if this bill should
become law probably a million ' aliens
would like to enlist, because it certainly
?vould be a bonanza for them; the emolu-
ments and privileges of service in the
American Army certainly exceed those
of most jobs and professions abroad. I
am just a little tired of passing legisla-
tion year in and year out, multitudinous
legislation, because some general in the
armed services, or some secretary comes
in and says, "We need it; we want it."
I do not know the parentage of this par-
ticular bill, but I fear it is ill-conceived.
Mr. VI;NSON. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. GOSSETT. I yield.
Mr. VINSON. I certainly trust the
gentleman will not-try to convey the
thought to this committee that we 35
men are pushed around by generals be-
cause they just want this or just want
that done. If there is any committee
of Congress that is independent and
that is independent in its thinking, it is
the Armed Services Committee.
Mr. GOSSETT. I concede to my good
~lend that he has a very distinguished
%~ommittee; but, unfortunately, the com-
mittees of this Congress-and that ap-
plies to all of us-generally tend to lean
too heavily upon the bureaus and agen-
cies whose business they handle.
Mr. VINSON. This committee does
not do it; this committee does its own
thinking. That is the reason why we
are oftentimes in controversy with the
departments.
Mr. GOSSETT. And there are some
members of the gentleman's committee
who are not very well sold on this bill, I
might say, notwithstanding the atmos-
phere of unanimity the gentleman seeks
to throw around it.
What I am trying to say is that we
have already taken care of this situation
in the bill passed last year and in the bill
now pending in, the other body.
And let me make this point: The dis-
tinguished Member of the other body who
authored this bill, after his return from
Europe, recommended the discharge of
all aliens in the State Department. Now
he wants to employ aliens abroad in the
American Army.
Reference has been made here to the
citizenship provisions that we extended
to aliens serving in wartime. Those were
aliens resident in this country.
This bill sets up a complete new de-
parture from any policy that has ever
heretofore been followed in this country,
and I submit it is a dangerous policy, a
needless policy, an unnecessary policy,
and that we should not pass this type of
legislation.
Mr. REES. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. GOSSETT. I yield to the gentle-
man from Kansas.
Mr. REES. There is another thing
that disturbs me. Under this bill, we are
holding out to a foreigner, a man who
lives in a foreign country, the promise
that, if he will relinquish his citizenship,
his allegiance to his own country, then
he can join the American Army and have
the benefits same as our armed forces.
It seems to me it is a rather strange sit-
uation when we have to go through this
process to protect ourselves and our
country against a potential enemy or an
enemy we think we may have later on.
We tell a fellow in some foreign country
who joins our forces that, in the event
we have to go to war with his country
or any country, "You must give up all of
your rights and relinquish your citizen-
ship and join the American Army."
Mr. GOSSETT. We are asking the
man to forswear his allegiance, assum-
ing thereby we will make him a better
servant of our own.
Mr. REES. Which to me is a rather
strange situation, especially considering
this is a peacetime measure.
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. GOSSETT. I yield to the gentle-
man from Georgia.
Mr. VINSON. In answer to the gen-
tleman from Kansas, my viewpoint would
be that a great many people are in coun-
tries that are dominated by outside coun-
tries, and therefore this gives an oppor-
tunity to serve where he feels he can be
of some benefit.
Mr. GOSSETT. We are not setting
up the American Army as an escape
avenue for people who may want to run
away from their own country.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the
gentleman from Texas has expired.
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield
the gentleman one additional minute.
Let me ask the gentleman from Texas
this question: Is it not a fact that a
similar kind of provision exists in ref-
erence to serving by aliens under the
seamen's law?
Mr. GOSSETT. That is true, and I
think that act ought to be repealed. It
is bad legislation.
Mr. VINSON. I have a copy of it be-
fore me. We are doing no more by this
bill than is already on the statute books
in reference to serving on ships as sea-
men, is that not correct?
Mr. GOSSETT. That Is correct, but
one bad law does not justify another bad
law. These persons who are going to
foreswear and repudiate allegiance to
their own country would not be the
sort of individual we would want to make
an American citizen. That is the sort
of person you are inviting by this legis-
lation. If he is not a good citizen of the
country for which he refuses to fight and
the country that he deserts, he is not
going to be a very good citizen of this
country.
Let me remind the committee that this
bill obligates us, as a matter of fact, to
give the enlisted alien citizenship.
The CHAIRMAN. The time of the
gentleman has again expired.
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I yield
myself 1 minute.
Mr. Chairman, I want to call the com-
mittee's attention to the fact that for 10
years there has been on the statute books
an act providing that aliens who volun-
teer, and serve honorably for a period of
3 years on our ships at sea, automatically
get citizenship if their service has been
satisfactory. So what is the use of get-
ting disturbed about this legislation?
Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Chairman,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. VINSON. I yield to the gentle-
man from New York.
Mr. MARCANTONIO. Does not the
statute provide that these seamen must
have been lawfully admitted?
Mr. VINSON. No; it does not pro-
vide that at all. He is not even ad-
mitted. He enlists when the ship goes
abroad and he makes a contract and
serves for 3 years. We already have a
law like this, and everybody is getting
excited about extending almost the same
provisions to the Army.
Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. Chairman, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. VINSON. I yield.
Mr, JOHNSON. The big point is that
the people we propose to enlist are with-
out a country. They are all over there
in the occupied areas.
Mr. VINSON. That is it exactly.
Mr. JOHNSON. They cannot go back
to the Baltics and the other countries.
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, if there
are no further requests for time, I ask
that the bill be read for amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read the bill, as follows: '*
Be it enacted, etc., That, with the ap-
proval of the Secretary of State, the Secre-
tary of the Army, under such regulations as
the Secretary of the Army may prescribe, is
authorized until June 30, 1951, to accept
original enlistments in the Regular Army
for periods of not less than 5 years of not
to exceed 10,000 qualified unmarried aliens
(without dependents as defined in sec. 4
of the act of June 16, 1942 (56 Stat. 381),
as amended), who are not less than 18 years
of age or more than 85 years of age; and, with
the approval of the Secretary of State, to
accept reenlistment of any such alien upon
the expiration of his original term of enlist-
ment for such period or periods as the Sec-
retary of the Army may determine.
SEC. 2. Provisions of law prohibiting the
payment of any person not a citizen of the
United States shall neither apply to aliens
who enlist in the Regular Army under the
provisions of section 1 of this act nor to
their dependents and beneficiaries.
SEC. 3. So much of section 2 of the act ap-
proved August 1, 1894 (28 Stat., chs. 179, 216;
10 U. S. C. 625), as amended, as reads "; and
In time of peace no person (except an In-
dian) who is not a citizen of the United
States or who has not made legal declaration
of his intention to become a citizen of the
United States, shall be enlisted for the first
enlistment in the Army" is hereby sus-
pended until June 30, 1951, with respect to
enlistments made under section 1 of this act.
SEC. 4. Notwithstanding the periods set
forth therein, the provisions of section 324A
of the Nationality Act of 1940, as added by
the act of June 1, 1948 (Public Law 567,
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
80th tong.), are applicable to aliens en-
listed or reenlisted pursuant to the pro-
visions of this act. Any alien enlisted or
reenlisted pursuant to the provisions of this
act who subsequently enters the United
States or an outlying possession thereof (in-
. cluding the Panama Canal Zone, but ex-
eluding the Philippine Islands) pursuant to
military orders shall be deemed to have been
lawfully admitted to the United States for
permanent residence within the meaning of
such section 324A.
With the following committee amend-
ments :
Page 1, line 5, strike out "1951" and insert
"1953."
Page 1, line 6, after the word "enlistments",
insert "or reenlistments."
Page 1, line 8, strike out "ten thousand"
and insert "two thousand five hundred."
Page 2, line 5, after the colon, insert "Pro-
vided, That persons enlisted under the pro-
visions of this act shall be integrated into,
established units with citizen soldiers arid
not segregated into. separate organizations
for aliens."
Page 2, line 21, strike out "1951" and in-
sert "1953."
The committee amendments were
agreed to.
The Clerk read as follows:
Committee amendment: Page 3, line 1.0,
after the word "shall", insert the following:
"if otherwise, qualified for citizenship, and
after completion of five or more years of
military service, or earlier if honorably dis-
charged therefrom."
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I offer
an amendment to the committee amend-
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. VINSON to the
committee amendment: .
Page 3, line 11, strike out the words "or
earlier."
The amendment was agreed to.
The committee amendment as amend-
ed was agreed to.
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I offer
an amendment.,
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by l(Sr. VINsON:
On page 1, strike out lines 3 and 4 and
insert in lieu thereof the following: "That
the Secretary of the Army, under such reg-
lations as the Secretary of."
And on page 2, strike out lines 1 and 2
and insert In lieu thereof the following: "35
years of age, and to accept reenlistment of
any such alien upon."
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, I desire
to state that this Is the language that I
offered to strike out, so that no one has
any authority over this except the Secre-
tary of the Army.
Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise
in opposition to the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I listened very carefully
to the debate on this particular phase
of this bill, that is, that part of it which
relates to the Department of State. I
hope the gentleman will withdraw this
amendment, and I will tell you why.
The United States has about 300 missions
scattered over the world today. They
are expected to be our first line of de-
fense. In each of these missions we
have the chief. He is the sole repre-
sentative of the United States in that
part of the world. Under him we have
various employees who are the eyes and
ears of our bovernment, In some of
these missions we have military, naval,
and air attaches. All foreign affairs and
contacts with foreign governments must
be cleared through these missions and
eventually through the Department of
State at home. These missions handle
all of our foreign problems including the
questions of immigration. This bill is in
part a problem of immigration but main-
ly it is part of the stockpiling against a
probable future emergency. ,it stock-
piles men into our service. The Chief of
National Defense and the Chief of our
Army say it. is necessary. That is a
must in the plans for future defense.
But the plans for future defense is an all-
inclusive one. It brings together not
only the armed services but our Foreign
Service and the State Department are
on this defense team. Each is part of
the defense wheel and the Foreign Serv-
ice and the State Department are most
important spokes in this wheel. The
amendment of the chairman of the
Armed Services Committee is dangerous
because it tears out two important spokes
and entirely bypasses the State Depart-
ment which now deals with these prob-
lems of aliens in foreign lands who want
to come to our country. No matter what
any of you think personally about the
Secretary of State or the State Depart-
ment I urge you to vote against this
amendment. This country must have
a good Department of State and a good
Foreign. Service and neither should be
bypassed in legislation dealing with our
serious defense problems. If we want
teamwork do not start breaking up the
team with amendments such as this one.
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. ' STEFAN. I yield to the gentle-
man from Georgia.
Mr. VINSON. I would say in response
to the gentleman's observation that the
State Department further than being
mentioned In this bill is bound to be in
the picture. The State Department un-
der the National Security Act is in all
phases of the Army, Navy, and Air de-
fenses. Under that act they are con-
versant with each other. Even though
you leave out the Secretary of State, no
man, I am satisfied, would be enlisted
unless the Secretary of State was cogni-
zant of the importance of these various
enlistments. So I do not think it would
hurt to-leave out that phrase. The rea-
son the gentleman has just advanced
was the reason we put it in, but the gen-
tleman heard the debate.
Mr. STEFAN. I have heard the de-
bate, and I think it is a dangerous prece-
dent you are setting by your amendment.
Mr. VINSON. It might be. So let us
do this. The committee heard the de-
bate. :[f the committee want to leave
it out, let them leave it out. If they want
to keep it in, let them keep it in. It is
immaterial to me. The committee
wanted it in, but to meet certain objec-
tions that were being raised to this bill I
offer this amendment to give the com-
mittee an opportunity to decide on it.
Now, if they want to vote it out, let them
vote it out, but let us vote on it.
Mr. STEFAN. In spite of my admira-
tion for the chairman of the Committee
on Armed $ervices, I must oppose his
JUNE 22
amendment. It shows lack of confidence
of a very important part of our national
defense team.
I urge the Committee to vote against
the amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on
the amendment offered by the gentleman
from Georgia [Mr. VINSON].
The question was taken; and on a divi-
sion (demanded by Mr. ALLEN of Illi-
nos) there were-ayes 1.4, noes 58.
So the amendment was rejected.
Mr. GOSSETT. Mr. Chairman, I of-
fer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. GossETT: On
page 1, line 9, after the word "unmarried",
insert "male."
Mr. VINSON. Mr. Chairman, we ac-
cept the amendment. It was never in-
tended that anyone except male aliens
would be enlisted in the service. r~r
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on
the amendment offered by the gentle-
man from Texas [Mr. G-OSSETT].
The amendment was agreed to.
The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule, the
committee rises.
Accordingly the Committee rose; and
the Speaker having resumed the chair,
Mr. CARROLL, Chairman of the Commit-
tee of the Whole House on the State of
the Union, reported that that Commit-
tee; having had under consideration the
bill (S. 2269) to provide for the enlist-
ment of aliens in the Regular Army, pur-
suant to House Resolution 649, he re-
ported the bill back to the House with
sundry amendments adopted by the
Committee of the Whole.
The SPEAKER. Under the rule, the
previous question is ordered.
Is a separate vote demanded on any
amendment? If not, the Chair will put
them en gross. ~1
The amendments were agreed to.
The SPEAKER. The question is on
the third reading of the bill.
The bill was ordered to be read a third
time, and was read the third time.
The SPEAKER. The question is on
the passage of the bill.
The question was taken; and on a di-
vision (demanded by Mr. ALLEN of Illi-
nois) there were-ayes 80, noes 21.
Mr. ALLEN of Illinois. Mr. Speaker,
I object to the vote on the ground that
a quorum is not present, and make the
point of order that a quorum is not
present.
The SPEAKER, Evidently a quorum
is not present.
The Doorkeeper will close the doors,
the Sergeant at Arms will notify absent
Members, and the Clerk: will call the roll.
The question was taken; and there
were-yeas 201, nays 84, not voting 145,
as follows:
[Roll No. 1.82]
YEAS-201
Abbitt
Bentsen
Burnside
Addonizio
Biemiller
Burton
Albert
Boggs, La.
Byrne, N. Y.
Allen, Calif.
Bolling
Byrnes, Wis.
Anderson, Calif. Bonner
Camp
Arends
Bosone
Canfield
Aspinall
Boykin
Cannon
Bailey
Bramblett
Carnahan
Baring
Brown, Ga.
Case, N. J.
Bates, Mass.
Brown, Ohio
Case, S. Dak.
Beckworth
Buchanan
Celler
Bennett, Fla
Buckley, Ill.
Christopher
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 :'Approved For Release 2000/08/25: CIA-RDP57-00384R001000010006-6
1950
Clernente
Colmer
Combs
Cooley.
Cooper
Corbett
Sys, Ark. Nixon
edrick Noland
eseTton Norblad
,Crawford Jenkins
Crook Jennings
Grosser Jensen
Cunningham Johnson
Curtis Jones, Ala.
Vague Jones, Mo.
Davenport Judd
Davies, N. Y. Karst
Davis, Tenn. Karsten
Dawson ' Kearney
DeGraffenried Keating
Denton Kee
Dollinger . Kilburn
Dondero
Donohue.
bughton
Doyle
Eaton
Elliott Lane
Elston Lanham
Engle, Calif. LeCompte
)'eigha'n
Fellows
:MIC'Ptofl
Qrand
V6id
Fugate
"r Tfon
Fufco1o
axmsitz Mack, Wash
>vin Madden
oiTwin Magee
rdoi Marsalis
orskl Martin, Iowa
Quill ' Michener
j jell, Miller, Nebr.
g~}ird W. Mills
eok ' Morgan
Jail Murdock
rori
Murphy
Phillips, Calif.
Poulson
Preston
Price
Priest
Ramsay
Rhodes
Riehlman
Robeson
Rodino
Rogers, Mass.
Roosevelt
Sasscer
Scudder
Shelley
Sheppard
Short
Sikes
Simpson, Ill.
Smathers
Staggers
Stanley
Stefan
Sullivan
-Taber
Talle
Tauriello
Thomas
Thompson
Thornberry
Tollefson
Trimble
Underwood
Van Zandt
Vinson
Vorys
Wadsworth
Wagner
Waiter
Weichel
Widnall
Wigglesworth
Wilson, Okla.
Withrow
Wolcott
Woodruff
Young
Zablocki
thews Hagen Pickett
~g$]f Harris Poage
Ch=gsney 'Kruse Smith, wig,
;fevenger_` -Larcade Tackett
Gamble
Gary
Gillette
Gilmer
Gore
Granahan
Granger
Green
Gwinn
Hale
Hall,
Edwin Arthur
Hand
Hare
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE
Holmes O'Brien, 111.
Howell O'Konski
Huber O'Neill
Jackson, Calif. O'Sullivan
Jacobs Peterson
Javits Philbin
Kilday
King
Kirwan
Klein
Kunkel
Lesevre
Lind
Linehan
Lucas
'"McConnell
McCormack
McCulloch
McDonough
McGrath
McKinnon
McSweeney
x4winkTd- - '-Engel, Mich.
zrdicic'` . -Evins
Hebert
Heffernan
Heller
Herlong
Herter
Hinshaw
Hobbs
Hoffman, Ill.
Hope
Horan
Irving
Jackson, Wash.
James
Kearns
Keefe
Kelley, Pa.
Kelly, N. Y.
Kennedy
Keogh
Mason
Merrow
Miles
Miller, Calif.
Miller, Md.
Mitchell
Monroney
Morris
Morrison
Morton
Moulder
O'Brien, Mich.
Pace
Patterson
Perkins
Pfeifer,
Joseph L.
Pfeiffer,
William L.
Phillips, Tenn.
Latham Plumley
Lichtenwalter Polk
Lodge Potter
Lovre Powell
Lyle Quinn
Lynch Rabaut
McGregor Redden
McGuire Regan
McMillan, S. C. Ribicoff
McMillen, Ill. Richards
Mack, III. Rivers
Macy Sabath
Marshall Sadlak
Martin, Mass. Sadowski
St. George
Sanborn
Saylor
Scott, Hardie
Scott,
Hugh D., Jr.
Shafer
Simpson, Pa.
Sims
Smith, Ohio
Smith, Va.
Spence
Steed
Stigler
Stockman
Sutton
Taylor
Teague
Tows
Velde
Walsh
Welch
Werdel
Wheeler
Whitaker
White, Calif.
White, Idaho
Whitten
Whittington
Wickersham
Wilson, Ind.
Wolverton
Wood
Woodhouse
So the bill was passed.
The Clerk announced -the following
pairs :
On this vote:
Mr. Chatham for, with Mr. Whitten
against.
Mr. Towe for, with Mr. Horan against.
Mr. Hand for, with Mr. Hoffman of Illinois
against.
Mr. Lodge for, with Mr. Dolliver against.
Mr. Coudert for, with Mr. Smith of Ohio
against.
Mr. Sadowski for, with Mr. Pace against.
Mr. McGuire for, with Mrs. Woodhouse
against.
Mr. Mack of Illinois for, with Mr. Teague
against.
Mr. Wolverton for, with Mr. Mason against.
Mr. Kearns for, with Mr. Macy against.
Mr. Herter for, with Mr. McMillen of Illi-
nois against.
Until further notice:
Mr. Jackson of Washington with Mr.
Keefe.
Mr. Rubicoff with Mr. Auchincloss.
Mr. Steed with Mr. Taylor.
Mr. Stigler with Mrs. St. George.
Mr. Regan with Mr. Gamble.
Mr. Miller of California with Mr. James.
Mr. Wickersham with Mr. Hinshaw.
Mr. Whittington with Mr. Gillette.
Mr. Redden with Mr. Stockman.
Mr. Wheeler with Mr. Simpson of Pennsyl-
vania.
Mr. Mitchell with Mr. Gwinn.
Mr. Sutton with Mr. Hale.
Mr. Wood with Mr Patterson.
Mr. Dingell with Mr. William L. Pfeiffer.
Mr. Barrett of Pennsylvania with Mr. Cole
of New York.
Mr. Whitaker with Mr. Beall.
Mr. Green with Mr. August H. Andresen.
Mr. Perkins with Mr. Boggs of Delaware,
Mr. Joseph L. Pfeifer with Mr. Latham.
Mr. Rabaut with Mr. McGregor.
Mr. Sabath with Mr. Werdel.
Mr. Evins with Mr. Wilson of Indiana.
Mr. Frazier with Mr. Shafer.
Mr. Hebert with Mr. Hardie Scott.
Mr. Keogh with Mr. Hugh D. Scott, Jr.
Mrs. Kelly of New York with Mr. Brehm.
Mr. Heller with Mr. Chiperfleid.
Mr. Lynch with Mr. Cotton.
Mr. Heffernan with Mr. Engel of Michigan.
Mr. Delaney with Mr. Edwin Arthur Hall.
Mr. Kennedy with Mr. Hope.
Mr. O'Brien of Michigan with Mr. San-
born.
9239
Mr. Eberharter with Mr. Potter.
Mr. Kelley of Pennsylvania with Mr. Phil-
lips of Tennessee.
Mr. Gary with Mr. Miller of Maryland.
Mr. Morrison with Mr. Martin of Massa-
chusetts.
Mr. Hobbs with Mr. Saylor.
Mr. Gilmer with Mr. Velde,
Mr. Herlong with Mr. Sadlak.
Mr. Cavalcante with Mr. Morton.
Mr. Chudoff with Mr. Merrow.
Mr. Irving with Mr. Plumley.
Mr. O'HARA of Illinois changed his vote
from "present" to "nay."
Mr. THORNBERRY changed his vote
from "nay" to "yea."
Mr. WIER changed his vote from "yea"
to "nay."
The result of the vote was announced
as above recorded.
The doors were opened.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the
table.
STILL FURTHER MESSAGE FROM THE
SENATE
A still further message from the Sen-
ate, by Mr. Carrell, one of its clerks, an-
nounced that the Senate had passed a
joint resolution of the following title, in
which the concurrence of the House is
requested:
S. J. Res. 190. Joint resolution extending
the period of effectiveness of the Selective
Service Act of 1948 15 days.
EXTENDING SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT OF
1948
Mr. VINSON; Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent for the immediate
consideration of Senate Joint Resolution
190, extending the period of effectiveness
of the Selective Service Act of 1948 15
days.
The Clerk read the title of the joint
resolution.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Georgia?
Mr. MARCANTONIO. Mr. Speaker,
reserving the right to object, I realize
if I objected to the present consideration
of the resolution, a rule would be obtained
and it would be called up tomorrow.
That would only inconvenience the mem-
bership so that they would have to come
back here tomorrow when I understand
it is intended that we adjourn over until
Monday.
Therefore, nothing would be accom-
plished by objecting at this time except
to delay the matter 24 hours.
Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. MARCANTONIO. I yield.
Mr. McCORMACK. In order that the
RECORD might show that the assumption
of the gentleman from New York is cor-
rect, I will state that that is correct.
Mr. MARCANTONIO. I thank the
gentleman. Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I
shall not object to the present considera-
tion of the resolution. However, I want
the RECORD to show my consistent and
conscientious opposition to any form of
selective-service legislation.
The.SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Georgia?
There was no objection.
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9240 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE.
The Clerk read the joint resolution
(S. J. Res. 190), as follows:
Resolved, etc., That subsection (b) of sec-
tion 17 of the Selective Service Act of 1948
as amended by striking out "the second an-
niversary of the date of enactment of this
title" and inserting in lieu thereof "July 9,
1950 "
The joint resolution was ordered to be
read a third time, was read the third
time, and passed, and a motion to re-
consider was laid on the table.
ADJOURNMENT OVER
Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I
ask unanimous consent that when the
House adjourns today it adjourn to meet
on Monday next.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
.the request of the gentleman from Mas-
sachusetts?
There was no objection.
SIGNING OF ENROLLED BILLS AND JOINT
RESOLUTIONS
Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I
ask unanimous consent that notwith-
standing the adjournment of the House
it may be in order for the Clerk to re-
ceive any messages from the Senate, and
the Speaker be authorized to sign any
enrolled bills and joint resolutions duly
passed by both Houses and found truly
enrolled.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Mas-
sachusetts?
There was no objection.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
Mr. PATTERSON (at the request of
Mr. MICHENER) was given permission to
extend his remarks.
Mr. BOGGS of Louisiana asked and
was given permission to extend his re-
marks.
Mr. PETERSON asked and was given
permission to extend his remarks and
include a citation issued to his colleague,
Mr. BENNETT of Florida.
Mr. TEAGUE (at the request of Mr.
PRIEST) was given permission to extend
his remarks in two instances and include
extraneous matter.
Mr, WICKERSHAM (at the request of
Mr. PRIEST) was given permission to ex-
tend his remarks.
Mr. GAVIN asked and was given per-
mission to revise and extend his remarks
made in Committee of the Whole.
Mr, STEFAN asked and was given per-,
mission to revise and extend his remarks
made in Committee of the Whole.
. Mr. DAVENPORT asked and was given
permission to extend his remarks and
include extraneous matter.
Mr. DONOHUE asked and was given
permission to extend his remarks and
include extraneous matter.
PROGRAM FOR NEXT WEEK
Mr. HALLECK. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent to proceed for 1
Minute.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from In-
diana?
There was no objection.
Mr. HALLECK. I would like to inquire
of the majority leader if he can advise
as to the program for next week.
Mr. McCORMACK. I should be very
glad to do so.
Monday is District Day. There are
seven bills on the District Committee
agenda. I am not sure if they will be
called up in this order, but I am stating
them in the following order for the in-
formation of the House.
H. R. 2887, known as the architect's
registration bill.
H. R. 6669, the rent control bill.
H. R. 7881, known as the dead human
bodies bill.
H. R. 8055, relating to banks, demand
items.
H. R. 8709, relating to the health officer
and assistant.
H. R. 8710, relating to the Eastern
High School Stadium.
H. R. 8782, relating to nurseries and
nursery schools.
On Monday we are hopeful that the
Rules Committee will report out a rule
making in order consideration of the tax
bill. I have no knowledge now what pe-
riod of time the rule will provide for, but
upon the assumption that there will be
2 days' debate, then the tax bill will be
taken up Tuesday and Wednesday. Of
course, Wednesday is primary day in
Georgia, and in accordance with the
policy of respecting that in the case of
all States, if the program is carried out,
the roll call will take place on Thursday.
If we are not fortunate enough to have
the Rules Committee report out a rule on
Monday-and I hope it will-and they
report it out later in the week, of course
the tax bill will come up next week.
Any conference reports, of course, are
always in order for consideration. That
is subject to giving the membership
proper notice? if they are important ones.
Any further program I will announce
later on, if there is any for next week.
I would like to get in as much as I can
next week because, while I cannot make
any definite commitment now, I am
hopeful that the week of July 4 will be
a very light one. The only difficulty may
be the conference report on the selective-
service legislation. We have extended it
until July 9, which is on a Sunday, as the
Senate passed the resolution. I am hope-
ful?that if there is any requirement for
a conference that the conferees may be
able to iron out their differences next
week.
Mr HALLECK. Of course since the
9th of July does come on Sunday and
would be the expiration date of the 15-
day extension Just passed, might it not
be possible that another temporary ex-
tension could be had, that would not
necessitate the presence of all Members
during the Fourth of July week?
Mr. McCORMACK. Exactly. That
could be done. I am glad the gentleman
from Indiana referred to it, because
that is a very proper contribution to
make. In other words, if the conferees
canont get together next week and there
is a prolonged conference, both branches
could provide for a further extension of
time.
'Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker,
will the gentleman yield?
Mr. HALLECK. I yield.
Mr. BROWN of Ohio. I have asked
the gentleman to yield in view of the
JUNE 22
statement made relative to a possible
rule being granted in connection with
the tax bill. I have just informed the
majority leader and the minority leader
that both the chairman of the Ways and
Means Committee and the ranking Re-,
publican member have informed me that
they will request it rule for 2 days' de-
bate on the bill.
Mr. McCORMACK. I am very glad
to get that information. I did not have
that information and my announcement
of the program was predicated upon the
assumption which the gentleman kindly
confirms.
Mr. HALLECK. I might say to the
gentleman from Massachusetts that, of
course, I am in complete accord with the
arrangement in respect to the Members
from Georgia and their primary on next
Wednesday. It just so happens, how-
ever, that out in Indiana both parties are
having their State conventions, which is
a matter of some consequence to all of
us from Indiana.
I take it the leadership will be seek-
ing a closed rule on the tax bill,
Mr. McCORMACK. Yes.
Mr. HALLECK. If that is granted,
then on Thursday the business would
simply be calling the roll on the motion
to recommit and the passage.of the bill,
if a roll call should develop.
Mr. McCORMACK. Exactly.
I find it difficult at times to make a pro-
gram that will be pleasing to everyone,
but I am sure the Members know I do my
best to have the program of the House
that will be pleasing as far as humanly
possible to the membership on. both sides.
If by meeting an hour earlier on Thurs-
day next it would be of assistance I would
be glad to do it, and I am sure that the
membership of the House would concur
in such action.
Mr. HALLECK. I was on the point of
suggesting, in view of the situation of
the Georgia Members with respect to
their returning to Washington and
other Members who would be away, that
it would be a good thing. I am glad the
majority leader has that in mind, be-
cause I am convinced that it would be of
considerable assistance to the Members.
Mr. McCORMACK. If the gentleman
from Indiana desires that, I hope he will
confer with me next week.
Mr. HALLECK. Yes; I shall be glad to
do that, and I may say to the gentleman
that I am glad to hear his announcement
for the week of the 4th of July. We have
been working here quite steadily, and as
far as I can discover, the House is right
well up with its work.
Mr. McCORMACK. The House has
been most cooperative. I have expressed
my appreciation before, and I cannot
emphasize it too strongly. We are caught
up, and I do not know of anything now
which will not permit an exceedingly
light week, if there be anything at all
for the week of the Fourth. But, of
course, I would like just a slight leeway
to protect myself, because I feel obli-
gated to carry out any absolute state-
ment I make to the House. I should like
a slight leeway in case something should
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`1950
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD 'SENATE
of June 30, or some such date. How-
ever, Mr. President, there is no deadline
so far as the adoption of this conference
report is concerned. There is no rea-
son in the world why the Secretary of
Agriculture has not already announced
his 1950 wheat program, unless he arbi-
trarily sees fit to hold it up in an at-
tempt to force Congress to adopt this
conference report. If any farmer in the
Midwest or elsewhere is having any trou-
ble in getting his loans, I wish he would
tell us about It, because there is abso-
lutely nothing which prohibits the Sec-
retary of Agriculture from taking care
of all the farmers in this matter; and
certainly they should be taken care of,
regardless of whether we as individual
Senators agree on the law which is now
on the statute books.
I am not going to object to the pro-
posal to postpone the vote on the con-
ference report until Monday; but I do
not wish the Senate to be under the mis-
apprehension that a deadline is involved,
or to operate under any alleged threat
from the administration that there is a
deadline which much be met or other-
wise the agricultural program will be
sabotaged.'
The Secretary of Agriculture has am-
ple funds now on hand to carry out his
announced programs and I will discuss
this phase further Monday.
Furthermore I call particular. atten-
tion to the fact that this Corporation
which is seeking another $2,000,000,000
has still not submitted their audited re-
ports to the Congress for their operations
during the period since June 30, 1947.
And as I pointed out last week, the Cor-
poration as of June 30, 1947, found it
necessary to write off over $96,000,000 in
,order to balance their books.
So far as I am concerned those books
for the years 1948, 19.49-are going to be
delivered to the Senate before they get
another dime.
Mr. THYE. Mr. President, will the
Senator Yield?
Mr. MYERS. I yield.
Mr. THYE. The "Senator from Dela-
are has said there are ample funds, and
that there is no reason why the Secre-
tary of Agriculture cannot announce the
program. The Senator is correct, in
that the funds mailable are ample to
permit announce ent of a support pro-
gram for wheat, nd possibly to permit
announcement ofa support program for
some of the other basic commodities
which may come 1o harvest early in this
particular calendar year.
However, let is remember that the
diversified farm r and the other type
of farmer-as distinguished from wheat,
cotton, or corn, farmers-have just as
much right to the Commodity Credit
Corporation funds as any other groups
of farmers do If the Secretary of
Agriculture were to obligate all the pres-
ent funds to the crop now coming on-
poultry, pork, dairy products, c; As
fruits or some of the other non sacs.
tY11n tie Secretary of Agriculture
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9259
page 1, line 6, after "enlistments", insert
"or reenlistments"; on, page 1, line 7 and
8, strike out "ten thousand" and insert
"two thousand five hundred"; on page 1,
line 8, after "unmarried", insert "male";
on page 2, line 4, after "determine", in-
sert "; Provided, That persens enlisted
under the provisions of this Act shall be
integrated into established units with cit-
izen soldiers and not segregated into sep-
arate organizations for aliens"; on page
2, line 17, strike out "1951" and insert
"1953", and on page 3, line 3, after "shall",
insert "if otherwise qualified for citizen-
ship, and after completion of five or more
years of military service, if honorably dis-
charged therefrom."
Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, this is a
Senate bill which was reported unani-
mously by the Armed Services Committee
of the Senate. It was passed by the
Senate unanimously. The purpose of
the bill is to authorize the enlistment in
the Army of 10,000 selected aliens. The
House took the Senate bill as reported by
the Senate Armed Services Committee,
but reduced the number from 10,000 to
2,500. It was then passed by the House,
yesterday.
Let me say that the bill is strongly de-
sired by the Chief of Staff of the Army,
which is due to the fact that World War
II proved that it is vitally necessary that
we have within the ranks men who un-
derstand the languages, customs, people,
terrain, and weapons of different nations.
I know of no objection to the bill. The
change from 10,000 to 2,500 has the ap-
proval of the chairman of the Armed
Services Committee, the Senator from
Maryland [Mr. TYDINGS], with whom I
have consulted. I therefore move that
the Senate agree to the House amend-
ments.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
question is on the motion of the Senator
from Massachusetts.
The motion was agreed to.
INCREASE IN BORROWING POW OF
COMMODITY CREDIT CORPO ION-
of the report of the co
crease the borrowing
Senate now has under ,
conferees appointed
H. R. 6557. I may
g votes of the
. 6567) to in-
now up to the Senate to do likewise,
in order that the l$ll may be sent to
the President for hi$ signature.
I thought it might be advisable at this
time for me to give a brief history of
the amendment to section 22 of the
Agricultural Adjustment Act, as it has
been made part of the report we are
now considering. It will be recalled that
the Senate adopted the House version
of the bill and added to it the so-called
Magnuson-Morse amendment, which
seeks to amend section 22 in three re-
spects. Under section 22 of the present
law, whenever the President has reason
It In regard to the perishables or the
nonbasics, as well as the basic com-
modities, the price of which by law the
Secretary of Agriculture is mandatorily
bound to support,,
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection to the u animous consent re-
quest of the Senator from Pennsylvania?
The Chair hears n ne. -
Mr. WILLIAMS Mr. President, I
should like to reply to what the Sena-
tor has just said, but before doing so,
I have no objection: to having the unani-
mous-consent agreement entered into.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does
the Senator reserve the right to object?
Mr. MYERS. lIr. President, is the
unanimous-conse
If it is, I shall t
,was agreed to.
objection? The
Ordered, That o
SON.
Mr. MYERS.
the reply.
I do not object.
OFFICER.. Is there
hair hears none, and
sent entered into.
onsent agreement, as
is as follows:
the calendar day of
950, at the hour of 4
enate proceed to vote,
pate, upon the question
onference report on the
increase the borrowing
dity Credit Corporation.
hat the time between 12
k p. in. on said day be
veep those favoring and
eport and controlled, re-
SLENDER and Mr. MAGNU-
President, I yield to
Delaware.
FS. Mr. President, I
y, in reply to what the
nnesota has just said,
from Minnesota was
fact that the combines
.g in the Midwest, and
there were going to be
L serious problem.
the Senator will permit
a correction, V did not refer to com-
bines operating n the Midwest, but in the
extreme SouthWest. -
Mr. WILLIAII4S, The extreme South-
west is what I meant. The farmers of
that area will npt be up against any prob-
tary of Agriculture
lem at all, if the Secre
will carry out the`fnstructions of the
him this $2,000,000,000 increased
ENLISTMENT OF ALIENS IN REGULAR
ARMY
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Srmi-
NIs in the chair) laid before the Senate
the amendments of the House of Repre-
sentatives to the bill (S. 2269) to provide
for the enlistment of aliens in the Regu-
lar Army, which were, on page 1, line 5,
strike out "1951" and insert "1953"; on
 Approved For.Release 2000/08/25 CIA- RDP57-00384RO01000010006-6
9260 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE
to believe that any article or articles
are being or are practically certain to
be imported into the United States
under such conditions and such quan-
tities as to render or tend to render
ineffective, or materially interfere with,
any farm program, he. may require the
Tariff Commission to investigate the
matter and, upon the finding of that
Commission, he may decide under that
section whether to increase the tariff,
or impose a quota on goods being im-
ported into this country.
The Magnuson amendment, in the
first instance, changes that portion of
section 22 and places the responsibility
on the Secretary of Agriculture to ini-
tiate these proceedings. Second, in-
stead of having the Tariff Commission
make the final investigation, as is now
provided by the law, the Magnuson
amendment would make it read so that
the Department of Agriculture would in-
vetigate the matter and make all find-
ings and reports to the President.
The third and most important change
Is with respect to subsection (f) of sec-
tion 22 of the present law.
Subsection (f) provides specifically
that no proclamation under section 22
shall be enforced in contravention of
any treaty or other international agree-
ments to which the United States is or
hereafter becomes a party. The signifi-
cant change made by the so-called Mag-
nuson amendment to that particular
subsection (f) is that it reverses the
order, in that it provides that no inter-
national agreement may hereafter be
entered into or present agreements ex-
tended beyond their termination . dates
which do not reserve the right of this
country to invoke section 22 whenever
the President decides to do so. That is
the distinction between the present law
and the provisions of the Magnuson
amendment. The House did not pass
upon that issue.
We went into conference, and of
course met with strenuous opposition
to the Magnuson amendment on the part
of the House conferees. We met on two
occasions, and finally came to an agree-
ment. It is true that the Senate con-
ferees did'not get all they sought, but I
believe that some progress has been made
toward carrying out the policies and
protective provisions of section 22 of the
present law, The conferees agreed to
reenactment of the present law, with two
changes. Instead of the President's
initiating the investigation as to whether
goods should be prevented, under the
provisions of section 22, from coming
Into the United States, the Secretary of
Agriculture is to initiate the inquiry, the
same as is provided in the Magnuson
amendment, with the addition that after
the Secretary of Agriculture makes his
finding he shall so advise the President,
and if the President shall agree that
there is reason for such relief, the Presi-
dent is required to cause an immediate
4nvestigation to be made by the United
States Tariff Commission to determine
the facts.
Mr. THYE. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?
Mr. ELLENDER. I yield.
Mr. THYE. Has the Senator seen the
letter sent out by the American Farm
Bureau Federation relative to section 22?
Mr. ELLENDER. I may state to the
distinguished Senator that I have re-
ceived many letters, but I do not recall
that particular letter.
Mr. THYE. If the Senator will yield,
I should like to read one paragraph of
the letter, because it is relevant to the
remarks which the Senator has made
with reference to the entire question.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that the entire letter be printed in
the REcoan at this point. It is a letter
addressed to me by Mr. J. Don Parel,
associate director of the Washington
office of the American Farm Bureau
Federation.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. HILL
in the chair). Without objection, it is
so ordered.
The letter is as follows:
AMERICAN FARM BUREAU FEDERATION,
Washington, D. C., June 15, 1950.
Hon. EDWARD J. THYE,
United States Senate,
Washington, D. C.
DEAR SENATOR THYE: in compliance with
your request concerning the views of the
American Farm Bureau Federation rela-
tive to the conferees' action on section 22
of H. R.' 6567, they are as follows:
Section 22 was designed to protect United
States agriculture from imports when such
Imports would cause undue hardships to
domestic producers of like commodities.
The proposed conference amendment to
section 22 does not accomplish the original
objective of section 22 to which we are com-
mitted by American Farm Bureau Federa-
tion resolution.
If the Congress accepts the conference re-
port, the situation will be improved if the
legislative history includes an interpreta-
tion of the conference amendment showing
it was the intention of the Congress that
under the conference amendment section 22
could be invoked when acreage allotments,
marketing quotas, or marketing agreements
are in force with regard to any agricultural
commodity or when surpluses of agricul-
tural commodities are being used for school-
lunch and other domestic-consumer pro-
grams.
Sincerely,
DON PAREL,
Associate Director, Washington Office.
Mr. THYE. Mr. President, the last
paragraph of the letter covers the main
question. It reads as follows:
If the Congress accepts the conference re-.,
port, the situation will be improved if the
legislative history includes an interpreta-
tion of the conference amendment showing
it was the intention of the Congress that
under the conference amendment section 22
could be invoked when acreage allotments,
marketing quotas, or marketing agreements
are in force with regard to any agricultural
commodity, or when surpluses of agricul-
tural commodities are being used for school-
lunch and other domestic-consumer pro-
grams.
Mr. ELLENDER. Mr. President, in the
course of my .remarks I shall bring out
that point, I believe, as the letter states,
that the language contained in the con-
ference report is an improvement on the
present law. Under the present law it is
optional that the President continue the
safeguards that are contained in article
XI of the general agreement on tariffs
JUNE 23
and trade, but this new language makes
it obligatory on him to incorporate these
safeguards in any future agreements
or amendments to existing agreements.
Mr. THYE. If I may ask a further
question of the Senator, if that becomes
mandatory on the President, then why
was the Magnuson amendment emascu-
lated in the manner in which it was?
Mr. ELLENDER. I may state to my
distinguished friend that we were deal-
ing in conference; we dealt with House
Members who had not considered this
proposal, and they made. us a proposition
which we accepted. I think it ys a de-
cided Improvement on the present law.
Mr. THYE. As the Senator so well
knows, I was a member of the confer-
ence committee, and the Senator knows
as well as I do that we did not yield un-
til we felt that every effort on the part
of the Senate conferees had been ex-
hausted. Some of us felt it was useless
to debate it any longer, and we either
had to report that we were in disagree-
ment or we had to sign what we had be-
fore us and report it to the Senate. I was
most unhappy when I signed it, because
I felt we were suggesting to the Presi-
dent what we hoped he would do, but I
did not feel that we wrote anything into
the law which made it mandatory on the
part of the President to do something.
That is why I read the paragraph from
this letter, so as to make certain that the
very able Senator from Louisiana would
agree specifically that what we, as mem-
bers of the conference committee and
Members of the Congress, want, so far
as the Senate is concerned, is the ap-
plication of the very position stated in
the letter from the American Farm Bu-
reau Federation. That is what we ex-
pect of the President and what we ex-
pect of the officials of the Commodity
Credit Corporation, including the Secre-
tary of- Agriculture. What we hoped for
and wlfat the Magnuson amendment in-
tended, was to do that which is stated in
the paragraph of the letter which I read.
Mr. ELLENDER. I propose to dis-
cuss with the Senate a little later the
provisions of the general agreement
dealing with the very subjects to which
the Senator has referred. It makes it
obligatory on the President when nego-
tiating new agreements or changes in
existing agreements to include the per-
tinent provisions now contained in
GATT.
Mr. President, just before I was inter-
rupted---
Mr. THYE. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?
Mr. ELLENDER. 'Y yield.
Mr. THYE. I thank the Senator for
yielding to me. I realize that he yielded
for more than a question. He permit-
ted me to speak my real thoughts. and
convictions on the question.
Mr. ELLENDER. I was very glad to
yield to my distinguished friend from
Minnesota.
Mr. MAGNUSON, Mr. President, will
the Senator yield for a question?
Mr. ELLENDER. I yield.
Mr. MAGNUSON. I shall not get into
a discussion with the distinguished Sen-
0
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