PART 5: LET'S KEEP THE RECORD STRAIGHT---- A SELECTED CHRONOLOGY OF CUBA AND CASTRO----SEPTEMBER 13-OCTOBER 14, 1962

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• Collection: General CIA Records
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• Publication Date: January 31, 1963
• Content Type: OPEN

ability of section
else possible.
That is the prospect for the end of this
century, and the key to this century is pow-
er, on the farm, in the factory, in the country
as well as the city."
The role of the REA is not finished, it is
only beginning.
This, I submit, is sound policy and one
that will serve the Nation well. Let us,
working together, militantly carry it for-
ward. '
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENIX A437
In helping the local community within
your territory to increase jobs, and expand
the benefits of economic growth, you also
are increasing your own business. It is a
natural combination, and fulfills the basic-
aim of REA to bring progress to rural Amer-
ica in many forms.
However, REA leadership in stimulating
community development is not always tied
to a direct REA power benefit. The manager
of a local electric cooperative in Pennsyl-
vania, for example, has led the drive in his
community to get four new industries, and
each buys power from a private power sup-
plier.
The manager maintains, and correctly so,
that both the private and cooperative power
suppliers are benefiting, the co-op from new
consumers who live in its territory. But
most importantly, the community, the peo-
ple, will benefit from new opportunities.
It's Only Money
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
of
HON. WILLIAM G. BRAY
OF INDIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, January 31, 1963
I'arn encouraged to see the dedication and Mr. which local REA co-ops are giving to . BRAY. Mr. Speaker, we have seen
the RAD program. Reports from about one- a great many comments about the ad-
third of the REA borrowers indicate that ministration's proposals to increase
since July 1961 they have helped to launch spending by several billions of dollars
400 industrial and commercial projects. It and to reduce Government income by
is anticipated that they will directly create several billions at the same time. Per-
30,000 new jobs, and indirectly, another 22,- haps few of these comments are as much
000. When reports are in from all co-ops, the point as the following editorial
undoubtedly these figures will be higher. taken from the January 29 issue of the
More than one-fourth of these new enter-
prises involve processing and marketing of Washington Daily News:
tional outlets for farm and forest products
as well as new jobs for rural citizens. This
is a real "double shot" in the arm.
It is also important to note that in these
newly launched projects, Government financ-
ing is playing a "seed capital" role by stimu-
lating the investment of much larger sums by
private and local sources. The REA figures
indicate that the 400 projects are being
financed by more than $250 million of pri-
vate capital compared with about $15 mil-
lion from Federal Government sources.
These projects are scattered throughout
the country. They include a lumber project
in Idaho, a furniture factory in Kentucky,
a commercial recreation enterprise in Illi-
nois, a packing plant in Nebraska, and a
chipping plant in Mississippi. In addition,
the 600 REA borrowers report they have as-
sisted their communities in launching a
number of public facilities, hospitals, water
systems and sewerage systems.
Thus, we have, with your assistance, made
a good start with the RAD program, but it is
only the beginning, for we have only
scratched the surface of the need in rural
America.
A good start means that rural electric co-
operatives will have more and more to do
as rural America responds to the challenge
of the sixties, as it moves positively forward
once again. And as these things take place,
demands for power will expand rapidly.
Presently your members are doubling their
power needs every 7 to 10 years.. Today, the
power requirements of your systems are
about 37 billion kilowatt-hours. By 1970,
those requirements will soar to 68.6 billion
(or more) and by 1985 to almost 200 billion
(or more).
President Kennedy has said that power
is the key to this century, power on the
farms and in rural areas as well as in the
cities. At Oahe project in South Dakota
last summer he said: "The role of the REA
is not ' finished, as some would believe. To
be sure, most farms now have electric lights.
Most REA cooperatives and power districts
are well established. But we are rapidly
approaching the time when this Nation will
boast a 300 million population, a $2 trillion
national income, and a grave responsibility
as the breadbasket and food producer for
a world whose population will have doubled.
the economy moving again involves more of
the same-a great deal more.
In the administration plan it is contem-
plated that at the end of the 3-year program,
$8.5 billion a year in personal tax-cut money
will be pumped into the economy. Every
dime of this, and more besides, will be bor-
rowed money-which is just another way of
saying it will be printing press money. The
deficit for next year alone is very conserva-
tively estimated at just under $12 billion
and even Treasury Secretary Dillon can't look
ahead to the year in which the budget. may
be balanced.
This trick practically is guaranteed to
bring a quick flush to the economy. But
over the long haul it never has worked in
the whole history of money finagling-and
never will, except as a means of siphoning
away the savings of the people. It is with-
in the power of the Government to call 50
cents a dollar but no government ever has
been able to make it buy more than half a
dollar's worth.
But they-kiever quit trying.
Part 5: Let's Keep the RecSrd Straight-
A Selected Chronology of Cuba and
Castro-September 13-October 14,
1962
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. DON L. SHORT
OF NORTH DAKOTA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, January 24, 1963
Mr. SHORT. Mr. Speaker, part 5 of
my chronology of Cuba and Castro be-
gins with a series of newspaper quotes
on our U.S. policy for dealing with Cuba.
While the Monroe Doctrine and its ap-
plication to the present situation was
endlessly debated by our newspapers,
our columnists, commentators, and news-
papers in other countries-our Congress
stubbornly went ahead adopting resolu-
tions upholding the right of the United
States to invoke the Monroe Doctrine,
protect our country, and protect the en-
tire hemisphere against an extension of
the Marxist-Leninist Cuban Govern-
ment.
Because of the reluctance of our NATO
allies to cease shipments of materials
and goods to Cuba which would be detri-
mental to the interests of this hemi-
sphere, the House of Representatives
boldly included amendments to our for-
eign aid appropriations bill which would
cutoff aid to any country that permitted
its ships to transport goods to Cuba.
This perhaps was not what we might call
a diplomatic approach but it certainly
was a practical approach to the problem.
It underlined the psychological approach
of appealing to self-interest when the
idealistic approach failed.
And on September 21, 1962, Adlai E.
Stevenson admitted in the United Na-
tions, in answering Soviet threats, that
it was officially known that the U.S.S.R.
was stuffing Cuba with planes, rockets,
and other arms.
It began to be clear to all who fol-
lowed the situation that some of our news
columnists were about to find themselves
Sly adulteration and debasement of money
probably started with the first coinage. The
names of Polycrates of Samos (500 B.C.)
and Dionysius of Syracuse (400 B.C.) are as-
sociated with the great monetary frauds of
antiquity.
Besides setting fire to Rome, Nero reduced
the precious metal content of the coinage
by 10 percent and pocketed the difference.
Henry VIII of England is remembered for
his many wives. He also issued a silver-
plated shilling, bearing his likeness. When
the plating wore off, starting with his most
prominent feature, he was known as Old
Coppernose.
All this was done in the dark of night.
During the Middle Ages the penalty for doc-
toring the coinage was to have the head held
under in a kettle of boiling water. After
Hastings, William the Conqueror decreed
mutilation, such as having the ears out off,
for anyone caught fooling with the coinage.
As we note, this practice was frowned upon
into modern times. It took John Maynard
Keynes, in the depression years of the 1930's,
to figure out that legal counterfeiting not
only was respectable, it actually would help
the economy. Lord Keynes probably never
intended to go that far but such, in effect, is
the deduction of his disciples who are as
thick as hors d'oeuvres around Washington.
Since, between Nero and Keynes, paper
money had been invented, probably by
Kublai Khan or his mandarins, procedures
were simplified. It no longer was necessary
to melt up the silver and gold, adding copper
or other inexpensive metal in the reissue.
The printing presses merely could be turned
loose to print unlimited quantities of certifi-
cates that at least looked like money.
That, in substance, is what we've been do-
ing in the United States for a generation.
The sum of this production Is tabulated in
a major part of the public debt, now $305
billion in round numbers.
But just as the Romans found the new
denarius wouldn't buy as much as the old
one, Americans have found the new dollar
has lost its punch. At last acocunting it had
declined in purchasing power to 46 cents as
compared to what it would buy just less
than 25 years ago.
And the tax cut-spending program
thought up by the disciples of Keynes to get
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 +~auPlr x~~aiu i R G~RL~ == APPENDIX
'January 31
with "egg on their face," because of their the grip of an unfriendly European power, the yea*, but after the November 6 elections
weighty-and in some cases-frightened we have a ri$ht to blockade or- occupy the (in the United States).
pronouncements on what we as a Na- Island: we would be saying too that the September 18. 1962: Former U.S. Vice Pres-
tiOIl sdo or what we could not do. Soviet Union has no such right to act against Ident Richard Nixon urges President Ken-
n should o DCrm Cor what ON Cum not the American military positions in Turkey, nedy to take stronger action on Cuba and
Canso-PART Iran, Pakistan, right on her own frontier. suggests a program Including a naval block-
Let us not fool ourselves. Such an argu- ade of the island and the obtaining of com-
September 13, 1962: U.S. policy for dealing ment does not wash. It would be rejected. mitments from U.S. allies that their vessels
with Cuba: "If necessary we can take care of probably even laughed at, not only by all will not be used by the Soviet Union for ship-
Cuba; and If the necessity is obvious, the neutrals but by powerful elements among mente to Cuba. He concedes that the risks
Russians, despite what they now say, will our closest allies. We could go to war if of nuclear war are raised by a blockade, but
acquiesce. They do not have any greater Castro injures us. But we cannot go to war, asserts that "the risks of inaction are far
desire to fight a nuclear war over Cuba than even against Castro, because of what he may greater." He adds that immediate action is
we do. Force might some day prove the less- do In the future. We cannot wage a pre- needed to "revitalize" the Monroe Doctrine.
or of two evils for us; but It could never pro- ventive war against Castro without estab- The present state of the Monroe Doctrine
vide a solution for the Cuban. problem" lishing the rule that a preventive war is in relation to Cuba: "The policy of the
(New York ?imea, Sept. 12, 1962). "The only legitimate against our military position in United States in the Western Hemisphere
plausible employment for [the Russians] Berlin, Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, Thailand, Is guided by two main considerations: its
In Cuba ? * * is to do more or leas ex- South Vietnam
Fo
,
rmosa, Okinawa, South own national security and the peace and se-
actly what the Americans are doing in South Korea, and Japan" (Walter Lippmann, in the curity of Its hemispheric neighbors. On the
Vietnam; that is, to train the local army to New York Herald Tribune, Sept. 18, 1962). one hand, the United States has the tradi-
fight a ire-advanced kind of war , , , the "Cuba has made Mr. Kennedy look like a tion of the Monroe Doctrine, enunciated
defense of Cuba against another invasion. man with not one, but two, Achilles heels more than a century ago as a warning to
Whether [the Russians] are troops or tech- (Berlin and Cuba I. Americans are suffering European powers that the United States
nieiai s is at bottom . In the from the all too familiar affliction of frustra- would move against intrusions into the
sense Pat tfhe Americans cannot very well tion. They think that they were ineffectual hemisphere. On the other, the United States
aadert the right in inter-nn whatever si,e in rivaling with ?h
e
hi
t
ao?La
o be ,
c~, formed the OAS, and under the U.N.
dared world. the Monroe Doctttue would Ineffectual again in dealing with Cuba * ? Charter, to abstain from unilateral military
require the removal of these alien Intruders. acknowledging that an armed Invasion of action. The United States, nevertheless,
But In the Imperfect real world, where the Cuba would mean the deaths of thousands has affirmed that it would take whatever
Americans keep troops along the border of of Cubans, of an untold number of Ameri- steps are necessary to move, unilaterally if
the Communist block (In one case, within cans. Not totally precluded are landings by necessary, against a clear and present threat
it; remember Berlin), and claim an unpin- anti-Castro Cubans, avoidance, this time, of to its security and that of its allies In Latin
dared right of access to these outposts, it is a Bay of Pigs disaster and the start of serl- America. ? ? ? There is a vocal body of
going to be awkward, to say the least, to ex- Olin guerrilla warfare. Almost everyone is opinion that the Russian shipments of arms
pal or blockade the Russians in Cuba. Mr. perfectly aware of the dangers of Cuba be- to Cuba Is a clear threat to U.S. security and
Khrushchev has made the neatest of moves - coming the scene of another Spanish civil therefore a violation of the Monroe Doctrine
in the International chess game; take my war. In which Russians as well as Cubans demanding immediate action. This opinion
pawn in Cuba, he says, and you risk your would no doubt kill and be killed. holds that the Cuban buildup, in effect,
castle in South Vietnam-or your Berlin "Perhaps the chief restraining factor on constitutes the establishment of a military
queen. If Dr. Castro is one day replaced bitter American Impatience is that action base by Russia In the Western Hemisphere"
by a democratic government, it will not be by the United States against Cuba. Including (New York Times, Sept. 16, 1962).
as a result of the one threat against which a naval blockade, might tempt Mr. Khru- "The Monroe Doctrine has been modified
Russian advisers cam give his army any real shchev to snap shut the trap In which Berlin to apply only to situations which directly
help-a regular invasion, a Is. D-day, from finds itself. Yet the administration's own endanger the security of the United States;
over the sea. The United States learned its view of the world remains essentially un- 'The United States will consider any attempt
Cuban lesson in April last year. The United altered. It is still thought that Mr. Khru- by European powers to extend their system
states can perhaps help to organize and sup- shchev will not in fact risk a third and final to any portion of this hemisphere as danger-
ply a rebellion, as the Communists do else- world war over Berlin; that, whatever ous to our peace and safety.' * * * Soviet
where; it cannot Import a rebellion, pre- happens there, he still has his own difficulties Russia has made this extension in Cuba, and
packaged. Given enough time, and enough and that one of them is that his own is amplifying the activity. But President
rope, the Cuban regime may yet produce country is changing, on the whole for the Kennedy has evaluated it thus far as not
the internal disaffection that will be its better; and that an eventual easement of endangering our peace and safety, thereby
downfall. If [Dr. Castro's] support in the tensions through disarmament and bans on narrowing the original scope of the Monroe
countryside begins to fade, one of the oondi- nuclear tests is In Russia's interest as well as Doctrine. The fact is clear. But the only
Lions of a successful revolt against him will the West's. Recent events suggest, however, administration spokesman who has publicly
have been established. And if the test ever that Mr. Khrushchev, having grasped the conceded it is Senator HUMPHREY" (Arthur
came, It would be far harder for the Russians fact that general war has become impossible, Krock, in the New York Times, Sept. 18,
to keep an unpopular government in office is tempted as a result to be more rather than 1962). "It is true, of course, that the Soviet
in Cuba than it is for the Americana to do less provocative" (Economist, London, Sept. lodgment in Cuba is a gross violation of the
a similar job In other parts of the world 15, 1982) . Monroe Doctrine. Yet we cannot invoke the
which are better left unnamed. Mr. Xbru- On the same day. U.S. Senator BARRY GOLD- Monroe Doctrine. Why not? The crucial
shchev has no 8th or 7th Fleet to keep his WATER, Republican, declares that "the Amer- point is that the American claim for the
supply lines open. If things go the way the - ican people will not be satisfied with Presi- Isolation of the Western Hemisphere was
United States hopes-if discontent grows In- dent Kennedy's reiteration of a do-nothing coupled with a renunciation of American in-
side Cuba-any further Investment in Dr. policy toward Cuba." terest in the Eastern Hemisphere: In the
Castro Is going to look very risky indeed to September 15. 1962: Press reports state wars of the European powers in matters relat-
Moscow. Patience, not a choleric lunge, is that the U.S. Government has had little Ing to themselves we have never taken any
the Americans' best policy" (Economist, Lou- success in persuading its Allies to withhold part, nor does It comport with our policy so
don, Sept. 8, 1962) . ships being chartered to carry Soviet sup- to do.' * * * This basis of the Monroe Doc-
"In the hemisphere, In the United Nations, plies to Cuba. The Governments of Britain, trine disappeared In the 20th century, in
with the uncommitted nations, the reaction West Germany and Norway are reported to the two World Wars, the Korean war and the
Ito a U.S., invasion of Cuba] would be most have begun inquiries among their ship- cold war. We cannot Invoke the Monroe
unfavorable for us" (New York Tinges, Sept. Owners. but these are regarded as polite re- Doctrine without meeting the question of
14, 19$2) "The United States is, of sponses to U.B. diplomatic pressure, and cen- what we are doing all over Europe and Asia.
course, able easily to blockade Cuba. But ter on the question whether Allied. ships are Our right to put Cuba under surveillance,
stopping ships under threat of seizure or carrying arms among their cargo to Cuba, and if necessary to blockade an Invader, rests
sinking would be an act of war not only U.B. officials have pointed out to these Gov- not on the Monroe Doctrine but on the ele-
against Cuba but against the Soviet Union. ernments that the use of Allied ships for mentary right of a people to Insure Its own
The invasion of Cuba would, of course, be ordinary goods releases Communist-bloc security. * * * This right can, however, be
an act of war against Cuba. But what we shipping for arms deliveries to Cuba. exercised only when there is a clear and pres-
could not be sure of doing is to prevent September 17, 1982: U.B. Secretary of State ent danger. Castro is an Insulting nuisance
the retaliatory moves to which we would have Rusk brief. members of the Senate Foreign but he is not, and is not now remotely ca-
laid ourselves wide open, moves against Ber- Relations and Armed Forces Committees at pable of becoming a clear and present danger
lai or against Turkey, or against Iran, en- a joint closed door session. "Rusk took to the United States. So we must practice
we would have aur the rule that a For pains to assert a direct relationship between watchful waiting, and hold ourselves in
POs- events in Cuba and Berlin, particularly in readiness, never for a moment forgetting the
sible threat . against our security or our the next 3 months. ? ? * It Is widely assumed vastly greater dangers elsewhere" (Walter
interests Justifies us in going to war. We [in Washington] that the Russians will make Lippmann, in the New York Herald Tribune,
would be saying that because Cuba Is in the big push in Berlin before thq first of Sept. 18, 1962).
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 j CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX- M1*00
1963
pen Women Play a Good Part in Soil
o s com On the same day the V.S. State Depart- sinta vese wand ho can houtemost. aIt does t
Se rVattOn
C
t
On
ment announces that an informal, private
on with the
meeting of American Foreign Ministers will matter to them that they play
n October 2 to destiny of the world and play with war."
t
on o
in Washing
take place review the Soviet military buildup in Cuba He said armed intervention in Cuba could-
and possible steps for dealing with the whole lead to knWorld ow the III.
Cuban problem. forces are with us; ' September 20
20, 1962: U.S. Senate adopts Dr. Castro declared. "If the imperialists
by 86 to 1 a resolution stating that the think the Soviet Government's words are
United States is determined to prevent by merely words, they are wrong."
whatever means may be necessary, including September 30, 1962: At a White House
the use of arms, the Marxist-Leninist regime luncheon, the President and Britain's
in Cuba from extending by force or threat Foreign Secretary discussed ways to contain
of force its aggressive or subversive activi- further Communist expansion and sub-
ties to any part of this hemisphere; to pre- version in the Caribbean. A joint com-
vent in Cuba the creation or use of an munique suggested that Britain might have licy externally supported military capability en- changed
as her a ttof ogarding the Cuban
dangering the security of the United States. problem cern only
On the same day, the U.S. House approves Washington.
r 1, 1962: OAS meets today to dis-
the foreign-aid appropriation bill, including
three amendments intended to cut off aid cuss cCuban 2cri is2: Behind closed doors at
merchant country tms the use its the State Department, Secretary of State
merchant ships to C transport arms or goods Rusk assured Latin America's foreign minis-
of any kind a Cuba. ters that the United States was prepared to the The House approved restoring any of the give the necessary leadership to efforts to
$1,124 2$1, million urged without by President adent ny Kentnedyhe. defeat Communist inroads in this hemi-
By a 249-to-144 vote, the measure was sent sphere.
October 4, 1962: A U.S. program to penal-
to the Senate after the Democratic leader- ize all shipowners who transport Soviet-bloc
ship dght. not to risk Bvotes cuts o a supplies to Cuba will be even tougher than
floor fig In earlier voice deeper the Houts use expected. The expected. program, to be
too cut its aid to three that permits started within 2 week, will threaten foreign
its cut off aid to any country th shi owners with the loss of all U.S. Govern-
Ti to pt. transport to Cuba (New ment-owned or financed cargo if even one of
Sark Tomes, Sept. Seendorsing the vessels engages in such trade.
A necessary, ion prevent C the use arms, it October 8, 1962: Amid the applause of
nebvssaio to prevent Cuban aggression or some delegates and the cries of hecklers,
Senate, 86 Western to 1 1, , after Hemisphere r 3 3 was hours Cuban President Dorticos urged the United
adoptedoii the the
opted by t Nations yesterday to condemn the American
od
. 20, of debate (New York Times; ovie UUni on oh s . "naval blockade" of his country. Gripping
Se d a never a21, r ing2: The any U.S. on the rostrum, the bespectacled President had
sued afoul war ip that any nuclear attack The to shout his speech to the General Assembly.
Cuba would precipitate 'b a Foeig wMi Th He was interrupted 4 times by hostile demon-
Grom was made a Foreign Minister strators in the visitors' gallery and about 12
United Nations Ge uncompromising Genn- - times by applause, mainly from the Soviet
polioy s st t y in aatement to tough the and
policy bloc.
eral Assembly. Adlai E. Stevenson replied Havana sources predicted that the release
that the threat co peace came from the of 1,113 captives held since last year's abor-
pla et Ur eke ,annd other o "ther er arrm Cuba" with tive invasion would be announced soon after
pia 24, and State final talks today between Premier Castro
September mt yesterday 19 with the Norwegian er For- and James B. Donovan. In a move against
Cuban trade, leaders of the International
Rusk k met
Bien Minister, Halyard M. Lange, in an effort Longshoresmen's Association planned to ask the January. i.u issue
to or from Williams, from
ments of
hi
i
p
ng s
load cargoes
to win cooperation in block
their men not to strategic goods to Cuba. They conferred in the Soviet union and to boycott all lines of Soil Conservation:
New York where Mr. Rusk has been making servicing Cuba. WOMEN IN CONSERVATION ARE ALL ALIKE-
e a 'n-11. THEYR PART
"
etary of
similar appeals to other allied diplomats. October 9, 1962: On Cuba, Secr T+ al an west Germany were said to be re- Ta?cir onaver3 U.S. aid for Cuban de-
aponding more favorably than Britain and velopment if Communist rule is ended there,
Scandinavia. but he said the big issue now was Com-
September 25, 1962: Russian trawlers will munist use of Cuba as a military and sub-
operate out of Cuba under a plan disclosed versive base. Meanwhile, Washington said
by Premier Castro in a television speech. He the release of anti-Castro Cubans seized in
said the two nations would build a port last year's invasion attempt still was not
somewhere on Cuba's coast for a joint At- set. In Havana, however, James B. Donovan,
lantic fishing fleet. who is negotiating for the prisoners' re-
September 26, 1962: The House of Repro- lease, was optimistic about an early agree-
on completed congressional action meat.
on a declaration of the U.S. determination October 10, 1962: A Cuban exile group-
to oppose with force, if necessary, Com- Alpha 66-announced that its members made
munist aggression or subversion based in a successful raid Monday on the Cuban port
Cuba. The House approved the joint reso- city of Isabela de Sagua. The exiles said
lution as anger and concern mounted in that a commando group of 15 to 25 men
Washington over Moscow's plans to help had killed about 20 defenders, including
build a port in Cuba for Soviet fishing trawl- Russians.
ors. Moscow portrayed the project as a October 12, 1962: Britain has discussed
routine agreement for aid to the Castro with. the United States a threat by a Cuban
regime. exile group, Alpha 66, to attack all merchant
Ways to guard against Cuban-based ag- ships carrying supplies to Cuba. A care-
gression and subversion were discussed in fully worded statement by a Foreign Office
New York by Secretary of State Rusk and spokesman avoided saying that any com-
foreign ministers of the Latin-American na- plaint had been made. Washington
tions. One proposal is the establishment indicated it was not yet ready to act against
of a Caribbean military organization. the exiles.
September 29, 1962: Cuba stands in greater October 14, 1962: Responding to a radio
danger of attack, Premier Fidel Castro as- message, the Coast Guard a picCuban ked up two
patrol
serts, because U.S. politicians facing Novem- wounded crew
ber elections are "trying to push the country boat and flew them to a Miami hospital.
toward aggression." The Cubans were shot when their craft was
In a television address. last night, Premier sunk by a raiding vessel manned by exiles
Castro said that in the U.S. House of Repre- off the Cuban coast.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. BEN F. JENSEN
OF IOWA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, January 31, 1963
Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Speaker, my
quarter century of service in this House
has gained for me, so I am told, a reputa-
tion of being rather tight-fisted with the
people's money. I own up to the charge.
However, one place where I am quite
generously disposed to spend tax dollars
is in the field of soil conservation. I am
even willing to support amounts in ex-
cess of budget figures for this important
work.
No undedicated person is ever likely
to rise to become head of the Soil Con-
servation Service, so there is not going
to be any chance to compare good and
bad administrators or administrations in
this vital field. The country started out
in 1937 with the daddy of soil conserva-
tion, the late great Hugh Hammond
Bennett, heading the service. And now
for several years we have had another
director with conservation in his blood,
Don A. Williams.
As a matter of fact, the country gets
twice as much for its money in having
Don at the head of the Soil Conservation
Service, because with him we get the
fine supporting cooperation of Mrs.
Williams, the experienced Ruth, who is
a true champion of conservation prac-
tices throughout this blessed land.
Mr. Speaker, I desire to insert at this
point in the RECORD an article entitled
"Women in Conservation Are All Alike-
(EDITOR'S NOTE.-This "women in conser-
vation" issue of Soil Conservation would not
be complete without this personal observa-
tion by the wife of SCS Administrator Donald
A. Williams, one of the many wives who have
been through the soil and water conserva-
tion ranks with their husbands. A South
Dakota farm girl, she has since 1935 shared
with him, and with the wives of the farmers
and ranchers with whom he worked, the
fight against soil erosion and water waste
-lived and "preached" conservation from
coast to coast.)
(By Ruth Williams)
It was the spring of 1932 and I was on my
way from Aberdeen to Clark, S. Dak., to see
my prospective husband. It was spring and
like James Russell Lowell's poem:
"Now is the high tide of the year
And whatever of life hath ebbed away
Comes flooding back with a ripply cheer
Into every bare inlet and creek and bay
And no matter how barren the past may
have been
'Tis enough for us now that the leaves are
green."
But the poem we memorized back in the
fifth grade just didn't make sense this spring
morning. Another "black blizzard" had just
roamed through the Plains States and had
again left it a sea of desolation. There were
no songs of the birds to herald the morning,
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 ZLF-?VXLLi7- "FEN DIX
January 31
for birds must have water and cover. There I
was neither-only powdery dust. Standardization of FIrehose. Coupling that don't comply to the national standard
The road passed through miles of once- Threads dimensions there is still work to be done.
- __ ~A e International Association of Fire
ingness-broken down fences half hurled In tinn of cu EXTENSION OF REMARKS Chiefs dust, trees trying desperately to put forth a appoint a committee to assist in the
few leaves-that is If they still survived. or standardization of firehose coupling threads
We were stopped at the railroad crossing as HON BOB op WILSON In its particular district. Our international
a long train of cattle cars filled with bellow- committee will assist In any way. possible.
ing,' bawling, half-starved animals on their OF csLnoRNIA We have had experience in the help. rdiza-
way to Omaha or Sioux City crawled past. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tlon program which should be a help. Meth-ods to They should have been in green pasture equ have been
conside a le savings. We a e
with new calves. Thursday, January 31, 1963 equipment at considerable savings. We are
Along the road were farmhouses, once also open for suggestions and will welcome
painted white with organdy curtains and Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, the any assistance to help get the job done.
potted plants in the window. Now they are International Association of Fire Chiefs In last year's report we enclosed a copy of
like the landscape about them--gray and for- Committee on the Standardization of our letter to the President of the United
lorn, and some abandoned. The man at the Firehose Coupling Threads has made States informing him of the use of so many
next filling station, once a farmer, muttered: numerous appeals to higher authority to nonstandard firehose coupling threads and
"I just can't take it any more.- Even hope standarize firehose coupling threads and asked that he take the necessary steps to aid
for many had become a meaningless word. thus avoid undue disaster. Therefore, and assist the fire service in standardizing
flrehose coupling The dust bowl was only one of nature's re-
I have reintroduced all letter was answered threads nationwide.
beilions against mans misuse of her re- my concurrent reSO- Our letter was answered by Mr. Barent F.
sources. For example, I remembered the lotion calling for the President to ap- Landstreet, Deputy Assistant Director for
little city of Vanport. Oreg., destroyed In point a commission to study the feast- Emergency Community Services, Department
minutes by a flood on the mighty Columbia bility of requiring by the enactment of of Defense, and as yet there has been no help
River, made nlaightier by uncontrolled water Federal legislation the standardization from the President or Office of Civil Defense
runoff from melting snow on the watersheds. cf threads on the couplings on fire hoses to help get firehose coupling threads stand-
Then there was a lovely little lake back used by fire departments, ardized.
from the coast a mile,or so-where Don ac- The International Association of Fire Chiefs
tually caught fish. A clear-cut logging out- Under unanimous consent to extend 1959 Resolution 5 asking OCDM for matching
fit had raped the bordering mountains, leav- niy remarks in the RECORD. I wish to in- funds to help defray the costs of the equip-
ing the slashings. Fire followed, and then c'ud' both an address to the Interna- ment necessary to accomplish the standard!-
flood silt drained into the lake, and it no tional Association of Fire Chiefs Com- zation has apparently been ignored. We
longer had an abundance of lash. And who mittee on Standardization of Firehose urge OCDM to reconsider the resolution and
Can f6tget the Tillamook Burn in the Cas- Coupling Threads by Robert Ely, chair- assist the fire service in the standardization
Bade Mountains in Oregon, Thousands of program.
Douglas-fir trees lay waste- -a scene as deso- tt'ative than, and a highly "'T d "Tragedy." and iilus-
late as the dust bowl itself. And how about poem entitragedy." On September 27, 1961, Congressman BOB
the strip-mining spoils and debris in the Ap- REPORT OF INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF WrLSON, of California, had our letter to the
palachian Mountain country at the other end FIRE: CHIEFS' COMMITTEE ON STANDARD- President of the United States, with the
of our great country? 1'_ATION Oi F1iiII1GUar. COUPLING THREADS threads read in material
the he House of firehose coupling
These are All.dreary pictureswe would like First I want to thank threads
Inserted CONGRESSIONAL OREci.
to forget, as we would like , tof~et the week members, our Committee and mayfin in the the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.
QS October 19, 1962, with- 1teChief John Garthe, and Chief you may find It in the SEC-
laying warts . our 62. wi is os ibili not Nicholas R. Warner for their help in making ORD Appendix on pages A8028 and A8029 of
for It often our progress possible. We also want to the October 10, 1961, issue.
get! takes disaster or near ca- thank Chief Rev W. Shukraft and Chief Rot
tastiophe to start a movement for a better n- Woolley for their Invaluable assistance. The fire service threads is on eta tanord asking that all
way of life. So it was that out of disaster The help and guidance received from your notified the responsible people of and ba-
the Nation's modern soil and water con- executive director. B. Richter Townsend, try of the dangerous people of our
exuns
servatlon program as we know It today was and your public relations director, Al Dray- with the use of so many nonstandard fire-
born 30 years ago. ton, has been a great help. The support of
Men everywhere joined In the movement your president. Chief Edward F. Delgnan, hose eoupld sposib The fire sof lf can-
Men with them' as the coworkers, the moral and the entire membership has been greatly property held fire where for loss of life and
support, the "power behind the throne,' the appreciated. y coupling threads where ncontrndarn factor
"no dollar a year gal"-the women. I have Your committee has continued to urge the chih are a c recor ring factor
yet to meet a wife of a conservationist or of national standard firehose threads if
to the his superiors fschief has gone at their heir In writing
conservation farmer or ranches who was tree of asking that nonstand-
a led
not conservationist In her own right. She and standard gasket grooves on all couplings and firehose coupling threads be converted
may not build conservationist
ends, terrace the hills, and fittings used for fire protective pur- to the recommended national standard fire-
or make contour furrows; but I'm sure she's poses. It has been a pleasure working for hose coupling screw thread dimensions as
approved his conservation program, pushed you and we appreciate your continued sup- soon as possible. Have we protected our-
this worthwhile project. selves in writing?
ft, preached it, and cut the budget so it port on
it, preached
be done. From history we And that standardization The NFPA, NBFU, and IAFC have adopted
There is no greater pleasure than to go of firehose coupling threads was the main standards for the coupling screw threads for
to, conservation meetings. IL topic of the first convention of the Interne- all 10 sizes of firehose used for fire protec-
wtt! Don 't matter which State you go to the tional Association of Fire Engineers In 1873. Live purposes. The American Standards As-
do snri in `conservation are all alike. They Concern In 1873 was caused by confusion sociatlon has adopted seven of these stand-
all are dedicated and are doing their part due to misfits of hose coupling threads ex- ards. However, the 4-, 5-, and 6-inch sizes
3
21 are dedicat. perienced In the great Boston fire of 1872. which were the last to be adopted by the
'We have a Ladles Auxiliary of the National Ninety years later we are still trying to get NFPA, NBFU, and IAFC have not been
Association of Soil and Water Conservation all sizes of firehose coupling screw threads adopted by the American Standards Associa-
Districts. It Is an effective education an converted to the recommended national tion as yet. It is desirable to have these
of the association; and there are re growing dimensions.
of the of State association aulaand According to the New York Times standards adopted the ABA as u will
, non- make e the the NFPA NBFU, and IAFC coupling
even some local district auxiliaries You will standard Rrehose coupling threads were a thread standards more secure and will help
find the conservation women also have left contributing factor in the disastrous fire to get wider adoption of the standards.
their mark on the public school course of aboard the aircraft carrier Constellation on There has been a committee appointed by
study, on garden clubs, General Federation December 19, 1980. Forty-nine workmen the ASA to study the firehose coupling
of Womena Clubs, League of Women Voters, lost their lives and there was a property lose threads.
4-E clubs, Girl Scouts, and Camp Fire Girls. of $47,942,000. A lot of threads could be Having worked with the development of
You na7ile It and,. if by chance they missed, standardized for that price. Refer to the the 4-, 5-, and 6-inch standards and through
Well, just give them time. New York Tines of December 28, 29, and the recommendation of your executive direc-
I knew a little C 31, and January 4, 1961. appointed to represent the
amp Fire Girl several tor I have been years Ago who could classify land like an We are happy to report that the U.S. IAFC on the ASA coupling thread commit-
etpert. And I've heard more than one teen- Forest Service has converted their 1 -inch tee. A meeting of the ASA coupling thread
ager'proudly express the wish in typical teen- firehose coupling in southern California to committee will be held soon.
ag'e fashion that just once they'd like the national standard thread and they are Funds should be appropriated for travel-
soffiethtng dished out, other than conserva- now in the process of converting their lug expenses so that I can attend the meet-
tion, at the evening meal So you see this equipment in northern California.
progress Inc and help to get
Conservation movement is not for men only, Yes.
yours d pied s he and 6-
y. ress has ling thureea rads bat are as In use lone ca can thread standardadopted as the Ameri-
but a family affair, as any firehase cou oupiing
n standard,
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