THE DOMINICAN CRISIS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP67B00446R000500120010-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 22, 2003
• Sequence Number: 10
• Publication Date: June 21, 1965
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved For Release 2003/10/15 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000500120010-3
June 21, 1965
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
13637
Helstoski
Mink
Schweiker
Watkins Whitten Wilson,
Henderson
Mize
Scott
Watson Williams Charles H.
Holifleld
Moeller
Secrest
Weitner Willis Wolff
Hosmer
Monagan
Belden
Whalley Wilson, Bob Zablocki
Howard
Moore
Benner
Hull
Moorhead
Shriver
So (two-thirds having voted in favor
Hungate
Morgan
Sickles
thereof) the rules were suspended. and
Huot
Morris
Sikes
the bill was passed.
Hutchinson
Ichord
Morrison
Morse
Sisk
Skubitz
The Clerk announced the following
Jacobe
Morton
Black
pairs:
Jarman
Murphy, Ill.
Smith, Calif.
Mr. Moss with Mr. Fino.
Joelson
Calif.
Johnson
Murray
Natcher
Smith, Iowa
N.Y.
Smith
Mr. Pucinski with Mr. Horton.
,
Johnson, Pa.
Nelsen
,
Smith, Va.
Mr. Rooney of Pennsylvania with Mr. Mc-
Jonas
O'Brien
Springer
Ewen.
Jones, Ala.
O'Hara, III.
Stafford
Mr. St Germain with Mr. Barrett.
Jones, Mo.
O'Hara, Mich.
Staggers
Mr. Boland with Mr. Gurney.
Karsten
O'Konski
Stalbaum
Mr. Long of Maryland with Mr. Harsha.
Kastenmeler
Olson, Minn.
Stanton
Mr
Karth with Mr
Ellsworth
Keith
Keogh
O'Neal, Ga.
Ottinger
Stratton
Stubblefield
.
.
.
Mr. Schisler with Mr. Thomas.
King, Calif.
Passman
Sullivan
Mr. Steed with Mr. Holland.
King, N.Y.
Patman
Sweeney
Mr. Stephens with Mr. Irwin.
King, Utah
Patten
Talcott
Mr. Hebert with W. Nedzi.
Kirwan
Pelly
Taylor
Mr. Weltner with Mr. Olsen of Montana.
Kornegay
Pepper
Teague, Calif.
Mr. Charles H. Wilson with Mr. Ryan.
Krebs
Kunkel
Perkins
Pickle
Teague, Tex.
Tenzer
Mr. Abernethy with Mr. Johnson of
Laird
Poage
Thompson, La.
Oklahoma.
Langen
Poff
Thompson, Tex,
Mr. O'Neill of Massachusetts with Mr.
Latta
Pool
Thomson, Wis,
Dulski.
Lennon
Powell
Todd
Mr. Shipley with Mr. Evans.
Lipscomb
Price
Trimble
Mr. Love with Mr. Reuss.
Long, La.
Purcell
Tuck
Mr. Herlong with Mr. Hanna.
McClory
McCulloch
Qule
Race
Tunney
Tupper
Mr. Grabowski with Mr. Nix.
McDade
Redlin
Tuten
Mr. Philbin with Mr. Fraser.
McFall
Reid, Ill.
Udall
Mr. Resnick with Mr. Brown of
McGrath
Reid, N.Y.
Ullman
Mr. Giaimo with Mr. Culver.
McMillan
Reifel
Utt
Mr. Farnsley with Mr. Schmidhauser.
Macdonald
Reinecke
Van Deerlin
Mr. Edwards of California with Mr. Mackie.
MacGregor
Rhodes, Ariz.
Vanik
Mr
Willis with Mr
Randall
Machen
Mackay
Rhodes, Pa.
Roberts
Vigorito
Vivian
.
.
.
Mr. Gray with Mr. Bonner.
Madden
Robison
Walker, Miss.
Mr. Whitten with Mr. Kee.
Mahon
Rodino
Walker, N. Mex.
Mr. McCarthy with Mr. Roush.
Mailliard
Rogers, Colo.
Watts
Mr. Landrum with Mr. Adams.
Marsh
Rogers, Pla.
White, Idaho
Mr. Conyers with Mrs. Hansen of Washing-
Martin, Ala.
Ronan
White, Tex.
ton.
Martin, Nebr.
Rooney, N.Y.
Whitener
Mr. Wolff with Mr
Byrnes of Wisconsin
Mathias
Matsunaga
Roosevelt
Roudebush
Widnall
Wright
.
.
Mr. Toll with Mr. Conable.
Matthews
Roybal
Wyatt
Mr. Thompson of New Jersey with Bob
Meeds
Rumsfeld
Wydler
Wilson.
Michel
Sattetfleld
Yates
Mr. Celler with Mr. Brown of Ohio.
Mills
Scheuer
Young
Mr. Murphy of New York with Mr
Hal-
Minish
Schneebeli
Younger
.
pern.
NAYS--O
Mr. McVicker with Mr. Cahill.
NOT VOTING-136
Mr. Multer with Mr. Lindsay.
Mr
Wa
onner with Mr
ll
H
Abernethy
Fogarty
Mackie
.
gg
.
a
.
Mr. Garmatz with Mr. Pirnie.
Adams
Fraser
Martin, Mass.
Mr. Fogarty with Mr
Quillen
Andrews,
N. Dak.
Frelinghuysen
Garmatz
May
Miller
.
.
Mr. St. Onge with Mr. Bates.
Barrett
Giaimo
Minshall
Mr. Hawkins with Mr. Curtin.
Bates
Grabowski
Mosher
Mr. Diggs with Mr. Harvey of Indiana.
Betts
Gray
Moss
Mr. Hardy with Mr. Brock.
Boland
Griffin
Multer
Mr. Hays with Mr. Bow.
Bolling
Griffiths
Murphy, N.Y.
Mr. Zablocki with Mr
Broomfield
Bonner
Bow
Gubser
Gurney
Nedzi
Nix
.
.
Mr. Rostenkowski with Mr. Cleveland.
Brademas
Hall
Olsen, Mont.
Mr. Miller with Mr. Minshall.
Bray
Halpern
O'Neill, Mass.
Mr. McDowell with Mr. Whalley.
Brock
Hanna
Philbin
Mr. Leggett with Mr. Andrews of North
Broomfield
Hansen, Wash.
Pike
Dakota.
Brown, Calif.
Hardy
Pirnie
Mr. Kluczynski with Mr
Chamberlain
Brown, Ohio
Byrnes, Wis.
Harris
Harsha
Pucinski
Quillen
.
.
Mrs. Kelly with Mr. Watkins.
Cahill
Harvey, Ind.
Randall
Mr. Jennings with Mr. Frelinghuysen.
Carey
Hawkins
Resnick
Mr. Hicks with Mr. Cramer.
Casey
Hays
Reuss
Mr. Rogers of Texas with Mr, Watson,
Celler
Hebert
Rivers, Alaska
Mr. Pike with Mr. Bray.
Chamberlain
Herlong
Rivers, B.C.
Mr. Roncalio with Mr. Mosher
Cleveland
Hicks
Rogers, Tex.
.
Mr
Rosenthal with Mr
Dickinson
Colmer
Conable
Holland
Horton
Roncalio
Rooney, Pa.
.
.
.
Mr. Colmer with Mr. Griffin.
Conyers
Irwin
Rosenthal
Mr. Cooley with Mr. Cunningham.
Cooley
Jennings
Rostenkowski
Mr. Brademas with Mr. Betts.
Cramer
Johnson, Okla.
Roush
Mr. Harris with Mr. Devine.
Culver
Karth
Ryan
Mr. Rivers of Alaska with Mr. Saylor.
Cunningham
Kee
St Germain
Mr. Casey with Mr. Martin of Massachu-
St. Onge
Saylor
setts.
Dickinson
Landrum
Schisler
Mr. Carey with Mr, Gubser.
Diggs
Leggett
Schmidhauser
Mr. Rivers of South Carolina with Mrs.
Dulski
Lindsay
Shipley
May.
Edwards, Calif.
Long, Md.
Steed
Ellsworth
Love
Stephens
The result of the vote was announced
Evans, Colo.
McCarthy
Thomas
as above recorded.
Farnsley
Findley
McDowell
McEwen
Thompson, N.J.
Toll
The doors were opened.
Fino
McVicker
Waggonner
Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that all Members
may have 5 legislative days in which to
extend their remarks in the RECORD on
the subject of the resolution just passed.
The SPEAKER. Without objection, it
is so ordered.
There was no objection.
CORRECTION OF ROLLCALL
Mr. DANIELS. Mr. Speaker, on roll-
call No. 146 I was recorded absent. I
was present when my name was called
and voted "yea." I ask unanimous con-
sent that the rollcall be corrected ac-
cordingly.
The SPEAKER. Without objection, it
is so ordered.
There 1c no objection.
/
THE DOMINICAN CRISIS
(Mr. LAIRD (at the request of Mr.
HUTCHINSON) was granted permission to
extend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. LAIRD. Mr. Speaker, in a series
of recent newspaper columns, the noted
Columnist Ralph de Toledano explored
in depth the events and circumstances
that led up to the crisis in the Dominican
Republic.
So that my colleagues may have an
opportunity to read the entire analysis
in one package, I ask under unanimous
consent that the articles by Mr. de
Toledano be inserted in the RECORD at
this point.
The articles referred to follow:
[From King Features Syndicate, Inc.,
May 7, 19651
THE REAL STORY OF THE DOMINICAN CRISrs-I
(By Ralph de Toledano)
Very reluctantly, the press has begun to
recognize that the crisis in the Dominican
Republic is Castro-Communist in inspiration
and leadership. Even the flat declaration by
President Lyndon Johnson that the United
States had to move in order to prevent a
repetition of the Cuba tragedy has been met
by knowing smirks on the part of a few press
pundits here.
The true story of the Dominican revolt, the
steps that led to it, -and the background of
ignorance and perfidy which set the stage
remains untold. From unimpeachable
sources, some of which must remain un-
identified in this account, I have pieced to-
gether this frightening story. It is being set
down here because public knowledge may
strengthen the President's hand and prevent
another Cuba-type deception on the Ameri-
can people.
Point No. 1 in this sordid tale is the
fact that the United States came within -
inches of repeating the same terrible mis-
takes which led to the installation of a Com-
munist regime 90 miles from the American
coast.
This account begins with the overthrow of
the Trujillo dictatorship in the Dominican
Republic and the eventual election of Dr.
Juan Bosch to the presidency. From the
start of Dr. Bosch's political ascendancy, the
same groupings within the State Department
which had suppressed Fidel Castro's Com-
munist and terrorist past insisted that the -
Dominican politician, though a leftwinger,
was anti-Communist. This argument was
used when there were protests over the open
espousal of the Bosch candidacy by the Ken-
nedy administration and the State Depart-
ment.
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 Approved For Release 2003/10/15 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000500120010-3
13
63$ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE June 21, 1965
After Juan Bosch became President, U.S. and economic development. How the United fluenc:e in an increasingly representative
intelligence agencies began to receive omi- States permitted subversive and pro-Com- government.
nobs reports. It was determined that Press- munist forces to use its own soil to plot When the revolt broke out, on April 24, the
dent Bosch's right-hand man was a Commu- against a friendly neighbor remains one of Communists and their military allies passed
nist apparatchik. Arms were being smug- the unexplained pieces in the Dominican jig- out guns and ammunition to street mobs
gled into the country from Cuba and dis- saw. and robber . Juven,
tributed to the Communist underground. That the action was planned in Puerto some as young asg12 and 14i1we eealso given
A special militia was organized under the Rico can hardly be denied. While Donald weapons. From the very start, the Com-
direction of Bosch's Red lieutenants. And Reid Cabral, head of the junta governing the munists were in control. The Bosch party,
a pro-Castro guerrilla army began making Dominican Republic, was improving the hardly protesting its "democratic" nature,
raids in the countryside. island's economy, ridding it of corrupt
For 7 months, g gen- went along. and United States Domin cano leadersa pleaded araIs
free e e tion thisciSeptember Tethei forces veloping facts were known, Atragedy, the t any time, the
with U.S. representatives. They wanted the of subversion were busily plotting their re- revolt might have been nipped in the bud-
Kennedy administration to use Its good volt. Ousted leftist President Juan Bosch had there been the will to do so among the
offices with President Bosch, to warn him was spending large sums in newspaper ads boys of "Foggy Bottom." The intervention
that further submission to the Castrcites and in taped radio broadcasts attacking the by President Johnson came at the 11th hour.
would not be sanctioned by the United Reid Cabral government. r States. To this, the State Department an- In June 1964 Bosch publicly lie would few have Oeyjeand thDrminrcan Rmeri-
swered that this country could not interfere. violent revolution from within byrthose who ca'sene:mies.nlythe U.S. Mari es stand
Dr. Bosch, the middle echelon team told the ,ire not permitted to make a gradual revolu- between us and that eventuality.
press, was simply allowing leftwing parties ;Ion." This was the signal for an assault on
to exercise their civil lihertiac
movement, named after the date on which iithersu Theattackemeopfled to the aimeusiii May 10, 19651
an invading forcefrom Cuba had attempted a, nearby university where they were given THE DO]r4INI0AN REPUBLIC AND A SUICIDAL
uCT
a landing in Trujillo's state-was led by asylum as students. Seven strikes against INBde Toledano)
Castro-trained activists and financed by the Government led by Communist-led labor (By Ralph de Communist Cuba was not made known. croups shook the Government. The Castro- Dr. Juan Bosch, Castroism's patsy in the
Finally, a military junta took matters i:e June 14 Party agitated openly for revo- Caribbean, has compared U.S. Intervention
into its own hands. To prevent what was ltion. The National- Students Federation, in the Dominican Republic to the rape of
clearly in the vrorks-a Communist take- affiliatedwith Castro's student international, Budapest by rampaging Soviet troops. Dr.
over-the junta overthrew the Bosch re- openly espoused the guerrilla cause and led Bosch has even harsher words to say. about
gime on September 25, 1963. The Kennedy tloody strikes against academic authorities, this country and its Government, though he
administration Immediately withdrew its ostensibly in protest against entrance ex- is remarkably gentle when discussing Com-
military and foreign aid missions and out off aminations which were characterized as serv- munist dictatorships. :Even friends like Dr.
all Alliance for Progress funds. For 3 big the Yankee imperialist oligarchy. Jaime Benitez, chancellor of the University
months, the new Government, inheriting the Efforts by the.U.S. Immigration Service to of Puerto Rico, condemn Dr. Bosch for his
shaky finances of Bosch's incompetence and block the traffic between Puerto Rico and the "reluctance to come out frankly and cate-
cut off from American help, slid downhill. Dominican Republic were swiftly blocked by iam.,aliy and reject communism and Castro-
Simultaneously, the Castroite guerrillas the administration of Gov. Luis Mufioz
flourished. The State Department's middle !i arin. The Central Intelligence Agency, Yet hearts are bleeding for Juan Bosch to-
echelon appeared unconcerned, but sudden aroused by the reports of its operatives, night among some of the intellectuals. Not
panic at the White House led President sought to mobilize some sentiment in Wash- only are they dragging out the discredited
Johnson, new to the job, to restore American it gton for the Reid Cabral government. and hoary argument that by opposing com-righ
ing aid. 14 bather the matter was taken up by the-Na- but they are feed the it sir reactionaries,
The path ahead for the new junta, led by ti anal Security Council is a question wrapped but they aweeping in their beer because
the Scottish-Dominican Donald Reid Cabral, in the enigma of executive privilege, President Johnson has been, to them, fool-
was not an easy one. Juan Bosch, who had ish enough to believe that "a few dozen Com-
fled
fled to Puerto Rico, agitated for his retwn Certainly, the State Department's middle munists"' could take over the Bosch revolu-
power. His agents moved back and forth echelon was aware that Bosch's PRD had en- tion. While they weep, Dr. Bosch, in viola-
to San Juan and Santo Domingo. All te:'ed into a working arrangement with the tion of Federal law,, directs the activities of
pretense
pretense at disassociation from the Com- (r-Communist Popular Socialist Party the Communist Castroite rebellion by long
was dropped-and Angel Mielan, Co a (FSP), the Peiping-dominated Dominican
leaders was dro Dominican Angel MeRevolutionary Pcpular Movement (MPD), and the Castrofte distance phone froth t American on y B "f.
Party (PRD), was careless enoelu io ar._ June 14 Party Angel Mielan, leading Bosch's The argument that only a iu dozen
eared D) was
soil ss enough
Communist PFD in this coalition, claimed that his party, se beee oast iaa ce t seriously ?i by ?s~s New York
documents. th,a largest, would not be run by the others. n advanced susly be the No York American Quiet requests from Reid Cabral and the But since his allegiance was to the Commu_~' a newspaper whose correspondent,
junta that Juan Bosch be asked to settle nilt bloc, his assertions -were simply window Herbert Matthews, sold Washington and the
elsewhere, rather than on an island so close dressing for naive Americana. country on the sterling democracy and antf-
communis of del
to the Dominican Republic, were ignored. ]n the days before the revolt, intelligence th
at Castro was bein Castro. At the time
Charges that Bosch and the PRD were ac- solaces were aware that a Communist junta York Tinges; - there were ionlye a handfull of
g g in the tively plotting the overthrow of Reid Cabral had been organized to rule the united front. Communists running a small revolt in the
were Sled , and forgotten when it became At the same time, there were stirrings in Sierra Maestra Mountains. A relative hand-
known that the former Dominican president Puerto Rico-which Indicated that.r?a.n B. sch f
l . .
u
Rico's eccentric Governor Luis Mufioz-Marfn. public at the head of his allies. "u y~c
At the same time, the Dominican Repub.. The names of the members of the unofficial
lio's military junta was urged to encourage junta were well known to Latin American
"free political ,activity"-a beautiful sound., experts in Washington. They included
Ing slogan which in reality meant readmit-, Ma:Iuel Gonsalez, representing the Soviet
ting the Communists of various shades and Cormunist Party; Carlos Dore, a PSP Com-
allegiances who had flourished under Juan. mulist and activist in the Dominican Stu-
Bosch, dent Federation; Hector Florentino, head of
It was at this time that the seeds of the Fra;ua, a Communist student organization;
present Catsroite revolt were planted by Dr. and Daniel Ozuma, of the Castroite June 14
Bosch's PRD under the local leadership of Party. Activists trained in Cuba and in
Angel Mielan, in a "united front" with Cas- Czei:hosiovakia, where the international Red
trolte, Soviet Communist, and Chinese Com- conspiracy maintains special camps for this
munist subversive movements. Puri ose, began infiltrating the Dominican
Rep ablic. Some of them entered openly, un-
[From King Features Syndicate, May 9, 1965] molested by a government trying hard to
THE REAL STORY OF THE DOMINICAN prove to Washington that it was not
CRISIS-II reps-assoc.
(By Ralph de Toledano) In typical Castro style, the Red junta be-
gan maing -
American refusal to look communism in tary men. These allianceswerweitnh disaff
hard tto find.
the eye planted the seeds for the present The Reid Cabral junta had mercilessly
Dominican revolt. This refusal led to the rooted out graft in the armed forces. Am-
withdrawal of U.S. support for the Domini- bition also played a part among those mili-
can Republic at a critical time In its political tary leaders who saw themselves losing in-
Revolution and destroyed: the Kerensky re-
gime which Lenin himself had described as
the "freest In the world."
And from all sides, at this critical
moment
in our history, organized punditry has begun
a sustained assault on the new American pol-
icy of , opposing communism rather than
sheepishly making accommodations which
weaken us and strengthen our enemies.
President Johnson's present determination
must, the pundits feel, be sapped and weak-
ened by a campaign of breast-beating and
phoney rhetoric. Harry S. Truman, who
demonstrated his courage in - the Korean
crisis, must feel strongly for the President
today.
The mountains of evidence, proving be-
yond a peradventure of a doubt that the
Dominican- revolt was Communist inspired
and Communist directed, 'continue to pile
up. The administration has- belatedly issued
a list of names and a chronology of the
revolt which can hardly be brushed aside by
reasonable men. The chronology is too kind
to the rebels since it still insists that the
Communists took over after the outbreak of
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 June 21, 1965
hostilities. But this fact is belied by the
administration's account itself, so there is
no point in belaboring it.
Why, then, do grown men continue to mis-
represent or misinterpret known facts? Why
do they strive so passionately to prove that
this country is in the wrong when it takes
self-evident measures of self-preservation?
It is a question that is asked over and-over
by Americans who do not have the benefit
of long immersion in the ideological steam
baths of Washington, New York, and the
other urban areas of disaffection.
The answer has been repeatedly offered
by such brilliant diagnosticians of our po-
litical diseases as James Burnham. Long
before him, Karl Marx had predicted that
in the destruction of Western society there
would be considerable help from well-
meaning people who would by a kind of
osmosis 'unconsciously turn to the support
of Communist causes.
Mr. Burnham has seen it as the manifes-
junta now battling the Bosch rebels should
not be too strongly supported by us-and
that there should be some kind of compro-
mise, some deal, to bring the two sides to-
gether. This would be catastrophic, for the
rebels could claim a victory, and Communist
elements, working from within the coalition,
could subvert it to their own advantage.
Unless the Communist rebellion is put
down and pro-Western leaders allowed to
continue at the job of reconstructing the
Dominican Government and economy, the
Communist timetable (with some minor
changes) will once more prove accurate.
Highly reliable sources here point out that
the Bosch rebellion was part of a stepped-up
campaign against all of Latin American
countries. The chief targets, after the Do-
minican Republic, are Venezuela, Colombia,
and Guatemala. According to secret CIA
reports to the Congress, some $10 meson
has poured out of Castro Cuba and into the
hands of Communist guerrillas in those
countries and in Panama, Paraguay, El Sal-
instinct which sends the lemming on his
march to the sea, and to death. Marx saw
it as the manifestation of a massive guilt
sense. Both aspects of the problem are per-
ceptible in the reaction to the Dominican
crisis.
At the same time, there is a certain ele-
ment of intellectual dishonesty involved in
the state of mind under discussion. If or-
ganized punditry said frankly: "Yes, the Do-
minican revolt was engineered by commu-
nists and would have established another
Kremlin-Peiping outpost in the Caribbean-
but U.S. Intervention is wrong under any
circumstances," this would at least state a
case.
Instead, the issue is completely confused
by arguments, charges, and claims designed
to "prove" that the immutable evidence just
doesn't exist. Castroites and Communists
are painted as inconsequential or harmless.
The "sins" of the anti-Communists become
the subject of discussion-as if an ardent
integrationist should insist that a Soviet
landing in Mississippi should not be re-
sisted because the State has a bad record
on civil rights.
The issue in the Dominican Republic, and
in Vietnam, for that matter, is survival-
and only someone ready to leap off a bridge
would see it in any other way.
'l en minion aoaiars may nos seem so ue
much in these days of $100 billion budgets.
But in Latin America, and employed for
guerrilla and other subversive activities, it
is a very large sum. It does not include,
moreover, other substantial sums from Mos-
cow and Peiping which not only lend-lease
treason to Cuba but lavishly support their
own activities in the political underworld.-
The proof of that-if any is needed-came
to light when three couriers were arrested
in Caracas carrying $330,000 for the use of
Communist plotters seeking to assassinate
President Leoni and overthrow the legitimate
Government of Venezuela. This sum was for
a single operation, and can be multiplied
many times in that country and others of
Latin America. The money had traveled
from Moscow to Prague, from Prague to
Rome, and from Rome to Caracas, with
Italian Communists working the last stretch.
As this writer has previously noted, the
Communists in Colombia have used a tech-
nique of kidnaping to raise funds and to
terrorize the countryside. These kidnapings
have averaged two to three every week. Now
the guerrillas, having built up large caches
of arms, have begun to distribute them to
bands of desperados and other outlaws that
have preyed on the rural population for years.
The use of bandits to aid in creating a
revolutionary situation is standard operating
[May 19, 1965] procedure among Communists. The father
CRISIS IN LATIN AMERICA-THE FIRST PHASE: of Communist terrorism, a Russian named
CONTINUES Nechayez, laid out the rules in the 19th cen-
tury. Lenin developed them, and Stalin-
(By Ralph de Toledano) once a bank robber-put them into practice.
Captured documents and highly secret re- It is significant that when the Bosch revolt
ports in the hands of the Central Intelli- broke out, party activists in Santo Domingo
gence Agency show very clearly that the crisis immediately armed the street gangs.
in the Dominican Republic was merely the If the Dominican crisis is brought to a
first on a long Communist timetable for the successful end, with the Communist thor-
takeovet of Latin America. oughiy defeated and discredited, the Moscow-
President Johnson's energetic, though Peiping-Havana axis will suffer in the rest of
11th-hour, moves to stop the Communist- Latin America. If it is allowed the smallest
run, attempted coup d'etat of Juan Bosch vestige of victory, then the large groups of
may have forced a change in plans for the activists from 10 Latin countries now train-
Moscow-Peiping-Havana axis. But the crisis ing In Cuba-according to CIA rcanrtswill
is far from over, even in Santo Domingo. be sent out. c asses'-will be begun and
There are small signs disturbing observers the tragic, crisis-strewn road will become
both here and in the Caribbean that the endless.
Johnson administration is giving up the high -
ground' it gained by acting forthrightly-to [From King Features Syndicate, May 28,
the astonishment of the rest of the world. 19651
It is no secret here that the State Depart- AFTER THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC--PUERTO
ment's middle echelon, protesting all along
that the Bosch rebel movement was not Rico?
Communist-dominated, still would like to see (By Ralph de Toledano)
the Dominican ex-President back in power. The forces of "compromise" are passion-
Those same groupings within State which ately at work to bring the Dominican crisis
gave Fidel Castro his start fought bitterly to an inconclusive settlement-the kind of
to save Senor Bosch when he was alienat- result which will snatch victory from those
lug his own people by giving the Communists jaws of defeat for the Juan Bosch cabal and
a free hand in the Dominican Republic. its Communist allies. That Is the news as
They are now arguing behind the scenes this is written, although it may change be-
that U.S. support of the anti-Communist fore the morrow.
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13639
But communism and its activists never
sleep. Already there are plans for a new
onslaught on the soft underbelly of the
United States-should Santo Domingo suc-
cumb to the tender mercies of a coalition
government.
From very reliable sources comes the
report that the next target is Puerto Rico,
a Commonwealth attached to the United
States by ties of history, politics, and eco-
nomic self-interest. For many years, the
Reds and a handful of addlepated national-
ists have called for Puerto Rican Independ-
ence. Neither the insular government nor
the man in the street has had very much
interest in any such eventuality, but the
Red and their allies have shouted loudly
for a freedom which would only spell eco-
nomic calamity and political chaos.
The chances for real trouble on the island
began when Fidel Castro made Cuba a Com-
munist outpost. Infiltration and propa-
ganda began almost simultaneously. The
movement attained respectability when
former Dominican President Juan Bosch
was given asylum in Puerto Rico by Gov.
Luis Munoz Marin and immediately abused
it by using his home as a base for subver-
sive action-in consort with the Reds-
against the Reid Cabral government in Santo
Domingo.
Jaime Benitez, chancellor of the Univer-
sity of Puerto Rico, and a controversial
character in his own right-"who was that
Bobby Baker I saw you with last night?"-
became a spokesman for Senor Bosch, as well
as President Johnson's representative in the
cease-fire negotiations in Santo Domingo.
He gave the independentistas a respectabil-
ity they had never known.
Even without this help, the Castro-Com-
munist onslaught on Puerto Rico has been
no joke. Though the American press has
almost studiously ignored events on the
island, much has gone on. Puerto Rico, for
one, has been given high priority by Castro's
General Directorate of Intelligence (DGI).
This agency for espionage and revolution is
run by a half dozen Soviet specialists, all
trained in the best schools of guerrilla war-
fare that the Kremlin can afford.
The DGI, since 1961, has been sending
agents into Puerto Rico from Cuba. One
Congressman puts the number at more than
a thousand, though it is known that all of
them have not remained on the island.
(There are bigger and better targets in main-
land United States, like the Statue of Lib-
erty.) Many of these agents are Puerto
Ricans who were already in training in
Czechoslovakia and in Russia.
The American Security Council, which has
kept an eye on these doings, reported re-
cently on the work of these professional sub-
versives:
"Castro's DGI is working in concert with
Puerto Rican Communists and splinter fac-
tions of the Puerto Rican independence
movement, accelerating their attacks against
the social and govrnmental structure of the
island. Since 1961, a number of Castro-
supplied -arms caches have been uncovered.
Gun battles have been fought between the
police and insurrectionists. Castro agents
have infiltrated both 'exile and student
groups, their purpose being to stimulate the
kind of rioting which would require armed
intervention * * * When the (United Na-
tions) General Assembly convenes again,
there is little doubt that agitation and propa-
ganda will be stepped up in New York and
San Juan, with the possibility of more vio-
lent actions erupting in Puerto Rico."
Violence on the island will be a signal for
the U.N. committee on anticolonialism-
which has already placed a demand for
Puerto Rican independence on the U.N.
agenda, in violation of the charter-to beat
the drums for American withdrawal from a
territory that is an Integral part of the
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13640 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
United States. The precedent was set In the
Algerian crisis when what was a part of
Metropolitan France received support as a
nation in its own right.
If the Puerto Rican newspaper, El Mundo,
is correct and some 12,000 puertoriquenos
have received training in Cuba, then the fat
will be in the fire. Only a categorical defeat
of the rebels In Santo Domingo can com-
pletely forestall this probability.
[From King Features Syndicates, May 26,
19651
STOP-AND-Go- DIPLOMACY IS HURTING THE U.S.
GAUSS
(By Ralph de Toledano)
In politics, diplomacy, and love, there is a
rule that if it becomes necessary to do some-
thing unpleasant or unpopular, it's best done
quickly, decisively, and gotten over with.
This is a rule that Hamlet never learned.
By the time he had finished with his step-
father, Denmark was strewn with corpses,
Lyndon Johnson has always been aware of
this since his days as Senate majority leader.
He has followed this rule in the arena of
domestic policy. But in foreign policy, a
field which is relatively new. for him, he has
tended to operate on a stop-and-go basis,
This has not enhanced his reputation for cau-
tion and it has complicated the American
position in the world of nations.
Much of the present trouble in the Domini-
can. Republic is due to this stop-and-go ap-
proach. From the moment of intervention,
,it was clear that there would be a hullabaloo
among the more vocal of the homegrown
dissenters and by the critics of the United
States in Latin America, Europe, and points
north, east, south, and west. It was ab-
solutely necessary for President Johnson to
order that Intervention. Another Castro-
Communist state in the Caribbean would
have been a catastrophe.
The President, however, moved uncertain..
ly. Had he sent the Marines and paratroop-
ers in to stabilize the situation as quickly
as possible, the shooting match would be
over. Lives would have been spared and
the paralysis of the Dominican economy pre-
vented. Those who are now bedeviling us 1
from the United Nations or from ether capi-
tals would have tothing left to scream about.
By now, only the diehards would still be
talking. The more practical politicians
would realize that you can't unmake an
omelet; they would be turning to other cam-
paigns of yelp and vilification.
Instead, the administration has acted ten-
tatively and with an occasional lack of can-
dor. Troops were landed and wheeled into
position. They began the necessary clean-
up, then were told to halt while the Presi-
dent seemed to show an atypical indecisive-
ness. The United States seemed to be work-
ing at a compromise, as if this were pos-
sible when dealing with Communist-domi-
nated revolutionary movements.
In this period of backing and filling, the
fighting has continued, the situation has
remained chaotic, and the critics of the
United States have had a chance to build
up their propaganda offensive so that It has
begun to hurt us seriously. The tentative
approach has made matters worse rather
than better. An action quickly executed
would have won some grudging admiration
and some loud wails, but the worst of the
tumult would now be over.
The net effect of the President's seeming
timidity, after taking a courageous step, has
been to involve us in the Florentine
machinations of the Organization of Ameri-
can States, the United Nations, and every
ambitious politician In the parliaments of
Europe.
What is true of the Dominican Republic
is doubly ttrue of Vietnam. Relief at the
President's reversal of policy and his
acquiescence to Pentagon suggestions that
the U.S.-created Communist sanctuary in
North Vietnam be struck from the air have
made many Americans forget that' the Ken-
nedy policy of go with too little and then
stop aggravated the situation in southeast
Asia. Had there been the kind of command
decisions now being made by the White
house, the guerrilla and regular army opera-
Sons of the Vietcong and the North Viet-
:,amese would have been brought under con-
fol long ago.
The bombing of Communist North Viet-
ilam has not brought any counter moves by
iced China or the Soviet Union. There
)ottld have been even less of a flutter had
this country acted when the Vietcong had
riot a ghost of a chance. Instead we mud-
c led about with South Vietnamese policy,
made and broke governments, and showed
t3at we really didn't know what we wanted
t) do. This was wonderful news to the
Communists who are now rubbing their
mounds, watching military defeat move in on
them, and foreseeing new and added difil-
cizlties in their guerrilla onslaught on
southeast Asia.
If the President has gained in experience
wrat he lost in time, then the events of the
pit years will be a net gain. If he holds
to the stop-and-go approach--one condi-
tioned by the State Department-then this
country is in for trouble.
[Sing Features Syndicate, Inc., June 4, 1965]
STATE DEPARTMENT CONTINUES TO WORK FOR
BoscH
(By Ralph de Toledano)
'or reasons best known to himself, Secre-
taiy of State Dean Rusk has gone out of
his way to create the impression that United
Stites intervention in the Dominican Re-
pu')lie was a hasty and unjustified action.
Mr Rusk, of course, knows better-or he has
been keeping his head buried in the sand.
In a press conference much quoted by
those who would undercut President John-
son's policies, Mr. Rusk stated quite clearly
that the marines and paratroopers had been
see; into Santo Domingo as-the result of a
sinile message from the U.S. Ambassador
there. This is, on' the public record, not true,
and it ignores the mountains of information
supplied to the State Department and the
National Security Council by the Central In-
telli;;ehce Aggee~n
Tn eemgencereports that expose Commu-
nist perfidy have, we saw in the case of Cuba,
a tendency to disappear before they reach
high level officials. But in the case of the
Dominican crisis, the facts were in the hands
of berth Secretary Rusk and President John-
son for days before the White House ordered
inter vention. -
In order to make the President's action
seem like a case of shooting from the hip-
and to confuse matters so that only the most
devoted scanner of factual material can really
know what went on before and is going on
now-+=a whole mythology has been created of
what presumably went on between April 24,
when the actual trouble began, and April 29,
when we moved.
It las been necessary to paint the rebel-
lion as a reaction to the "reactionary" poli-
cies of Donald Reid Cabral, the Dominican
leader, and General Elias Wessin y Wessin,
who has been made into the ambitious vil-
lain of the piece.
The- plain facts are as follows: on April
24, Reid Cabral had sent his army chief of
staff to fire two officers for graft and cor-
ruptioit. The chief of staff was instead ar-
restedby rebels. General Wessin, instead of
moving to crush what was then a small
muting , tried to act as mediator between the
rebels and Reid Cabral. The rebels refused
to bud, e, and General Wessin still held off.
"We don't want bloodshed," he told Senor
Reid C7tbral. "It would be better if you re-
signed." " Even after therebels had indicated
June 21, 1965
that they were pushing for a full-scale civil
war, General Wessin offered to set up a mili-
tary junta with there, if they would agree to
free elections within 90 days. The -rebels
refused.
From that paint en, -the rebellion was
taken over completely by Communist activ-
ists. Those naive members of Dr. Juan
Bosch's Dominican Revolutionary Party who
believed that he was interested in restoring a
leftwing democratic regimen took asylum in
the embassies of ether !Latin American coun-
tries. -
Meanwhile, as eyewitnesses have de-
scribed, the Communists began distributing
weapons--some of them Soviet made-to the
"turbas" or street gangs. Looting, rape, and
indiscriminate killing became the order of
the day. Communists In control of the radio
station broadcast the names of Cuban ref-
ugees from Castro and urged that they be
liquidated.
Oddly enough, the ambitious and reac-
tionary General Wessin still had not moved
to crush the rebellion. In fact, the national
police, under the Reid Cabral regime, began
to free political prisoners, including Commu-
nists, who immediately joined in the blood-
letting. Finally, there was real counterac-
tion by the government against the rebels.
As Paul Bethel, editor of the liberally slanted
Free Cuba News, puts it: "By Tuesday night,
April 27, the PRO Party of Juan Bosch had
been defeated militarily by the Dominican
armed forces and absorbed politically by its
Communist colleagues."
If Bosch, making safely defiant noises from
the safety of Puerto Rico, was finished, the
Communists were not. In full control of the
rebellion and working through their pup-
pet-the until-then obscure Lieutenant
Colonel Caamano-they had created utter
anarchy in Santo Domingo.
On April 28, a military junta, which had
taken over from Donald Reid Cabral, for-
mally asked the United States for "temporary
intervention," pleading that it could no
longer guarantee the safety of Americans and
other foreign residents. As a result of this
desperate plea, which only confirmed what
Central Intelligence Agency reports had been
informing the White I-louse and the State De-
partment, the marines were sent in.
For a brief time, it looked as if the United
States would take its thumb out of its mouth
and act like a grownup nation. The rebels
fell back and the dominant loyalist forces
could have mopped up in a matter of days.
But President Johnson, beset by the neo-
isolationist and appeasement wings of his
party and assailed by college professors, began
to worry, - -
Now the Organization of American States
is trying to create a coalition government
which will include the instigators of the re-
bellion and their Communist allies. The
United Nations is trying to take over and
make the mess even messier, and the quick
and healthy solution that was in our grasp
seems impossible of'achievement. The myth
makers are busily at work and it can almost
be predicted that in a matter of weeks mil-
lions of Americans will believe that the Cas-
troite rebellion was a democratic uprising,
defeated by President Johnson's Fascist ad-
visers.
SENATE -JOINT RESOLUTION 22
(Mr. DERWINSKI (at the request of
Mr. HUTCHINSON) was granted permis-
sion to extend his remarks at this point
in the RECORD and to include extrane-
ous matter.) -
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, on
April 14, 1965, the Illinois State Senate
passed-Senate Joint Resolution 22, which
I place in the RECORD at this point as
part of my remarks.
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