SUPPORT FOR VIETNAM POLICY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP67B00446R000300180025-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 24
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 6, 2003
• Sequence Number: 25
• Publication Date: June 16, 1965
• Content Type: OPEN

June 16 1965 r?? ---- . _. GON -- -~---.. _..- ? -?- - ? --? -? --- ? ?-? ----.-__ ._____ _
~ GRESSIONAL RECORp ~- APPENDIX A3121'
ing deadlines of nuclear weapons, which are genius which is so essential to the growth of interest of 'peace. The idea of cooperation,
becoming avalIable to all nations, .enhance humanity. he admitted, would not solve the problems of
the chances `of a nuclear holocaust by acci- The individual must strive to understand the day, "but it will lessen this destruction
dent~oi? adventurism. India has, of her own other cultures. The follies, crimes, and and conflict which now afflict the world."
volition, committed herself to a policy of massacres; of history are the results of the He pleaded for a new way of thinking, a new
employment of nuclear energy to peaceful surrender of individual freedom to the sus- attitude too and development of humanity.
'purposes.' As you are. perhaps aware, India tody of the crowd. Some leaders anesthe- We have to develop a positive attitude in
is area of the countries which is capable of tized the public mind until their followers thinking that the world today needs more
exploding a nuclear device within a period ceased to feel responsible for their actions. emphasis on cooperation and not on conflict..
of 12 to. Y~ xnoriths. After a vigorous debate The people became bundles of prejudices and If we cannot have peace at once, we can have
in the Iar~est c~embcratic parliame"rit, India enmities resulting from narrow loyalties. peace by pieces by extending the existing
has.decide$ against the manufacture of the Many times ignorance was mistaken for ventures in functional cooperation. Even
bomb.. vide have done our duty in not adding stupidity, paganism for barbarity, inertia for when we have enough explosions-bombs,
to the threat of the destruction of mankind. sloth, a difference in ethical standards for de- babies, and bulldozers-to combat, let us
We know that in a nuclear war there would ceitfuiness. This curtain of ignorance can turn the tide. It is always better to argue,
be neither victors nor vanquished and the be lifted if people try to learn more about to count votes rather than wars, for out of
living could only ~ envy the dead. Victory each other through personal contacts and the clash of ideas truth emerges, embellished
will be }tlanifested only in death, darkness, tolerance. Human relations could and and anointed in the process. We shall plan
and destruction. Peace, then, must be the should surmount the sanctuary of sover- a world ushering promise of future happi-
summum bonum of international life. As eignty. ness, free from ugliness and misery that sur-
President Johnson recently said, there are In raising hosannas for peace, tolerance is rounds us, where diversity may flourish,
no ]ose3's in peace. really a gravid factor. Coming as I do from freedom may prosper, men and nations may .
.Aspiration is one thing, its achievement asocial and cultural milieu that preaches compete with each other peacefully. The
ari0ther. `What appeals to one coterie appalls and practices tolerance, I am capable of essential conditions of existence demand co-
the other, In the ensuing cold war, hege- recognizing the existence of an unorthodox existence and that liberty live with the forces
Irionial ension tends to be clothed in the idea which may be unacceptable to me. I opposed to it. But, let us not forget that
ideological raiment. IIpon this backdrop, could even debate it without sacrificing my freedom, like virtue, cannot live in isolation.
each nation awes it to itself not to surren- own convictions. That is because India, Poet Rabindranath Tagare sang of the glory
der Its judgment to the high `and the mighty through centuries of continued history, of freedom in these words:
but. to -work toward; peace. Peace, unfor- never sought to impose her ideas on others. "Where the mind is without fear and the
turiately, is always accompanied by that un- She accepted other cultures sometimes spore- head is held high;
wanted guest-fear. Fear begets sear; trust taneously, sometimes by compulsion but she Where knowledge is free;
begets trust. International interests can assimilated and blended them into one, Where the world has not been broken up
6nly be served in a climate of peace based on which is Indian culture. India had no cru- into fragments by narrow domestic
the bedrock of mutual respect and collabora- codes until Islam and Christianity arrived walls;
tiRri. ~ We cannot build peace by preparing ox~, her soil. Earlier reform movements like Where words came out from the depth of
war. I want to emphasize, however, the re- Buddhism and Jainism were assimilated into truth;
levaxice of, deterrence as the fulcrum of for- Hinduism. The god-intoxicated India, pars- .Where -then mind is led forward by thee
eign policy of a nation. We are too con- doxically, even accepts atheists into Sts fold. into ever-widening thought and action
cious that weakness invite aggression. War- India has a secular tradition, which juxta- Into that heaven of freedom, my Father,
that organized engine of violence--cannot be poses opposing ideologies. let my countr e."
discarded 1n the current context of human To appreciate a viewpoint is not to applaud /1
' development. In this shrunken world, peace, it. The complexities of lice cannot be clearly SC ~~
like pregnancy, cannot be partial. Nonethe- comprehended unless we understand the di- ll-G ,
less, we have to lobar to abolish war as an versities of life. Diversity is the natural law. $U ort for Vietnam Polic
instrument of policy. This can be achieved No two trees, no two climes, no two dawns, pp Y
by building peace in piecemeal, which would no two fingerprints are identical. As Presi-
be a wor$rig peace and not a protected peace. dent Kennedy eloquently put it. "Let us ESTENSION OF REMARKS
Peace today has a new dimension. It in- not be blind to our differences-but let us of
eludes international cooperation: From the direct attention to our common interests and
spraying of DDT to the building of nuclear the means by which those differences can be HON. DURWARD G. HALL
reactors. Diplomacy, too, has acquired new resolved. And if we cannot end now our dif- of bllssovRr
tools, Every embassy all over the globe main- ferences, at least we can help to make the
talus an' information department to infiu- world safe for diversity." President John- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
ence, to educate, and to"enlighten the people. son, .too, placed before his people the ideal Wednesday, June 16, 1965
The art of putting one's best foot forward or of a world without war, a world made safe
allowing oneself to be photographed from the for diversity, in which all men, goods, and Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, regretfully,
right angle, involves a myriad of trivial ac- ideas can freely move across every border and the easiest way to obtain national pub-
tipns, which in themselves are unimportant, boundary. Diversity, let us admit, need not lioity today is to stage a demonstration.
-but which. go a long way to win the battle be divisive or even destructive. On the other Take the following ingredients: A
for the minds of men. hand, 8lfferent cultures, which have never Crowd Of people, a 3-day growth of beard,
Diplomacy alone, however, cannot arrest a been exposed, could be coalesced to form a
worsening situation. it is only a cutting edge unique unifying force binding all men to- a few two-by-fours, posters, and paint.
of the public opinion. Modern cammunica- gether. Put them all together, march them by
tions have `pierced the stone wall of sover- We should not, therefore, resign ourselves the Pentagon, and presto-instant TV
eignty.. Minor incidents of local import as- to the march of time or act as if mankind is Coverage.
slime international importance. This affects a prisoner of drift, but we should behave like Recently, I received a letter from a
the projection of the imagebf a nation. Each creative responsible nations. "The greatness y0urig COriStitUerit in my district Who, I
natipri' has to be watchful not to fan the of a nation is to be measured nyt by its ma- believe, represents the majority View in
flames of cold war. Public opinion within terial power or wealth,- but by the quality of the United States. He is not a demon-
s country should be directed and channel- its people." The Great Society that Press- Strator, but a young man who uses the
ized to foster the farces of peace.' In pro- dent Johnson dreams of "asks not only how
testing the national interest, a nation should much but how good; not only how to create force of reason to support his view.
also serve international interests. Each na- wealth, but how to use St, not only how fast Following iS a letter from David M.
tion should strive to serve the cause of peace. we are going but where are we headed. It Powell, Of Springfield, MO., a young high
In this drama, the individual, too, can play proposes the first test-for a nation the qual- School Student:
a meaningful role. Modern oivilization is sty of its people." You, as the educated SPRINGFIELD, Mo.,
acconpariied by :centralization of authority elite, are required to draw up the plans for June 7, 1965.
and concentration of power at the cost of the future and sell 1t to the world. As pio- Hon. DuaweRD G. HALL,
ireedotxl ,of the individual. Tn a sense this needs in the promotion of peace, you will be Longworth House O}Jice Building,
is irieyi~able as the modern world cannot accepting a challenge. The burden will be Washington, D.C.
function wltlioilt considerable centralization. Yours, so will be the glory. In this year of in- DEAR SIR: Recently, my sense of American-
In this process, authority corrodes individual ternational cooperation you could gainfully ism was aroused by the meeting, in Wash-
- fxeedtznlyta such, an extreme that it almost emphasize what unites rather than what ington, D.C., of 3,000 college students and
- destroys3t: "I'he~g'roups that hold power on divides us, professors. They were representing the
behalf o~ the.-state tend to encourage this. Prime Minister Nehru, who originally pro- minority which protests U.S, involvement in
Dille;ent and ,sometimes .hostile ideologies, pounded this idea of International Codpera- Vietnam. They were demanding the with-
ironl their point of view, also encourage the tioxi Year, in a speech at the 0:eneral~ Ps- drawal of U.S. troops thus advocating isola-
accumulation of power in the state or in a seiYibly of the United Nations in 1961, thought tionism.
group. 'This Would ultimately result in hu- we should direct our attention to coopers- These people,.though they be a minority,
man uri~iappiness and decay of that creative tive ventures, especially for peace and in the are being listened to by Congress and the
:.Approved For Release.2003/10/15 : CIA-RDP67B00446R000300180025-3
 A~12ti
Approved For Release 2003/10/15 :CIA-RDP67B00446R000300180025-3
CO~VGRE5SIONAL RECORD -- ,APPENDIX June Y 6, 19 65
administration because the majority is Bay-
ing nothing to back up its belief. I have
talcen on the responsibility of representing
the majority.
T am f}rlniy against any withdrawal oY a_ny
trcwps ,from Vietnam. If any action is to
be taken it should be a stepped up offensive
on the ground to flush out all guerrillas south
of the 17th parallel.
It must be proven to the administration
that the American people do support this
particular facet of Vietnam policy. Sir, you
can provide this proof by speaking to your
colleagues, in the house, about what I have
mentioned in the above. This would dem-
onstrate to the administration that the
American people are behind them.
Sincerely yours,
DAVID Ivi. POWELL,
A Concerned Portion of America's Fu-
ture Leaders.
Megalopolis: The Challenge for
Connecticut
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
of
HON. DONALD. J. IRWIN
OF CONNECTICUT
:tN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, June 8, T965
Mr. IRWIN. Mr. Speaker, I wish to
call to the attention of my colleagues the
following article by Thomas F. Richard-
son, president of the Fairfield County
Tl-ust Co., Stamford, Conn.
As Mr. Richardson points out, Con-
necticut is on the threshold of a popula-
tion explosion and needs to take coordi-
nated action in both the public and pri-
vate sectors to avoid being overwhelmed
by growth. I know my colleagues will be
interested, since it is a problem. that will
become3ncreasingly important through-
out the Nation.
The article follows:
[From the American Banker, Apr. 29, 1965]
MEGALOPOLIS: THE CHALLENGE FOR
CONNEGTICUT
(By Thomas F. Richardson, president, the
Fairfield County Trust Co., Stamford,
Conn.
Early this month the little Greek seaport
town oY Megalopolis was torn by a violent,
rolling earthquake. Megalopolis, halfway
between ancient Sparta and ancient Olympia,
gels its name from the Greek words "mega-
lon" or great and "polls" or city. It was built
originally to protect Arcadia from Spartan
invasion, and was envisioned as a giant,
spread city on the Ionian seacoast.
THE AMERICAN MEGALOPOLIS
'Phe .shacks and rants which recently
devastated ancient Megalopolis could be a
prophetic warning to 20th century America.
Demographers and city planners have de-
scribed amodern megalopolis on our Atlantic
shore. Streching from Portland, 11Raine, to
Norfolk, Va., is a spread city of 41 million
people, 21 percent of the Nation's papulation.
Composed of some 65,000 square miles, the
complex is a system of urban development
made up of roads, people, and buildings
which has coalesced over thc~ years into an
almost continuous chain of urban spread
nearly 600 miles in length.
'Che 11-State region boasts not only one-
fi#f;h of America's population, but also 23
percent of its retail sales and 25 percent oY
the country's disposable income. The Amer1-
can megalopolis is a growing area, dynamic
with activity and .extending its influence into
every corner of the globe. Rlipid and wide-
spread change is the rule-orderly adjust-
ment the exception.
The region is characterized also by close
similarities and violent contrasts. The area's
wealth is contrasted to some of the Natiox's
worst poverty pockets: Nestled snugly
against its giant, central cities are suburban
towns. Megalopolitan regions of high em-
ployment are often close by tracts of high
unemployment. And while our Atlantic
megalopolis is the acknowledged information
and communications center for the world, it
is also plagued by some of this Nation's most
congested highways.
The average density of megalopolis-num-
bers just under 800 inhabitants per square
mile. But Manhattan Island strains under
the pressure of 78,000 to the square mile,
while neighboring Sherman, Conn.-a qufek
80 miles away-can count only 99 people to
the mile.
CONNECTICUT AND THE PEOPLE GLACIER
In the heart of American megalopolis lies
the State of Connecticut, bridging the gap
between the rest of New England and New
York City. In this geographical setting,
Connecticut faces the challenge oP a pro-
jected population growth more rapid than a
majority of the other States !n the Union.
And the Nutmeg State's population explosion
Will compound existing problems for both
Connecticut and its neighbors.
Rumbling into Connecticut with immuta-
ble force is a thundering population ava-
lanche1'? * ? a people-glacier. Connecti-
cut's 272 million persona in 1960 represented
the growth of 300 years. It took three cen-
turies for Connecticut to build up to 21/2
million people. By the year 2000, it will have
all happened again. In a short 35 years the
State's population will bulge to 5 million.
James S. Klar of the Connecticut Develop-
ment Commission admonished last year:
"Contemplate all oP the schools, houses, high-
ways, churches, and public buildings that we
have today, then think about doubling the
whole thing within the next 86 years. And
just to make your contemplation a little
more interesting, think of doubling within
38 years the results of three centuries-with-
out acoordinated plan."
AN INTENSIFICATION OF PROELEMS
In the final decade of this century, about
100,000 new Connecticut babies will be born
annually, doubling the 50,850 births for each
pear during the 1960-80 decade. With a
projected decline in the death rate from the
current 1.06 percent to just 1 percent, the
average number of births over deaths each
year will increase from approximately 30,000
today to 57,000 during the 1990-2000 decade.
In addition, each year in the final decade oP
the century, about 28,500 mare persons will
enter the State to live than will leave for
residence elsewhere.
The doubling of Connecticut's population
may occur intermittently in the next few
decades or the increase may be evenly spread
over the years. In either case there will be
an intensification of problems.
TREASURED VALUES
Already the environment shows an evi-
dence of losing some of its treasured values
because of the haphazard building of hous-
ing developments, poorly located businesses,
roads, industries, and other elements of in-
tensive urban development. Coupled with
environmental challenges are-the complfca-
tions oY land use. In recent pears the char-
acter of residential, commercial, and indus-
trial building has been horizontal in con-
struction, and open land is rapidly disap-
pearing. But land is a fixed quantity, and
there is no Yrontier on which to move. Ju-
dicious land use for residential building,
commercial and industrial construction, and
recreational needs is essential.
A fast growing population has accelerated
the intensification and expansion of devel-
opment within the central valley and along
the western coastal portion of the State.
And future population growth is expected
to compound the existing problems of these
regions with greater intensity than other
portions of the State.
THE TIME I6 NOW
The people of Connecticut have been just
about able to cope with all the problems of
past growth and development. But many
dif$culties are now in their infancy stages
ready to "ferment, then to buret into stag-
gering problems as they become further ag-
gravated by population expansion.
Todaq, there is much concern with pollu-
tion in Connecticut waters. The obtaining
of space on a salt water beach or fresh water
lake under the summer sun is increasingly
difficult. Taxes continue to rise as rural
town governments, wrestling with problems
of double sessions in schools, poorly main-
tained streets and trash accumulation, strug-
gle to keep pace with demands. Additional
population can do nothing but intensify
these and other problems unless steps are
taken to prepare for tomorrow's population.
Connecticut residents must begin to think
now of ways to accommodate and cope with
the inevitable onslaught of additional
persons.
THE "CTTY OF CONNECTICUT"
By the end of the century, 98 percent of
Connecticut's people will live in urban cen-
ters of 10,000 or more. The population ex-
plosion-today's 21/2 million is almost triple
that of 1900-may qualify our State by cen-
tury's end to be known as the city of Con-
necticut.
FACING UP TO THE FUTURE
In a bold and farsighted action program,
Connecticut's State government is Pacing up
to the future. A State interregional planning
program was initiated by the State's develop-
ment commission in 1980.. It was developed
to assist Connecticut's regional planning
agencies and to insure the compatibility of
regional plans with one another and with
State goals and responsibilities,
During the 1960-83 period, the Connecti-
cut Development Commission, through the
Connecticut interregional planning program
and with the assistance of other State agen-
oiP.s and regional planning agencies, com-
pleted basic inventory studies at the
Statewide and regional levels. During the
conduct of these studies it became clear that
a close integration of long-range planning
activity was needed in order to establish a
more comprehensive approach regarding the
suture growth and development of the State.
INTEGRATED PLANNING
To achieve this, initially three agencies of
Connecticut State government-the Con-
necticut State Highway Department, the De-
partment of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, and the Connecticut Devel-
opment Conunission-undertook to integrate
their long-range efforts by joint participation
in the planning phase of the Connecticut
interregional planning program. While these
and other governmental agencies have in-
volved themselves for many years with long-
range planning, their joint approach to Con-
necticut's future is a recent cooperative effort
to insure the most productive achievements.
The integrated planning .phase began in
October 1963, and is scheduled to be com-
pleted by the middle of 1966. Through this
program there will be introduced into State
government an integrated, comprehensive
and long-range planning process for antici-
pating and meeting the challenges of future
development.
Whlle the Nation's population expands
from 192 million in the last census to over
300 million by the end of the century, Con-
necticut will be doubling its population in
the next 36 years.
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 June Y 6, 1965 COl~TGRESSIOICIAL~RECORI7 - SEN~iTE
gram'organizatioris, the college work-sandy
program, apd neighborhood Youth Corps.
Once they are accepted into college,'dis-
advantaged youngsters are able to apply for
yarloys Government and private financial as-
sistance ync~h is riow available .only to
students already enrolled.
Upward $ounc~Summer programs, 1965
OEO
grant
Stu-
dents
Independent schools talent search pro-
~['am (funded) _
Florida A. & M Vmversity, Talla--
asseer Fla __
University of.Oregon, Eugene, Oreg -
Columbia University, New York City_
IIoward University, Washington,
D.C--------------------------------
Morehouse Colicgge, Atlanta, Ga______
Texas Southern.UnipcrSity, llouston,
Tex--------------------------------
Tennessee A, & I. University, Nash-
ville Tenn---------------------
Fisk T~niversty, Nashville, Tenn_____
Dillard College, New Orleans, La_____
LeMoyne College (funded), Syracuse,
N.Y--------------------------------
Webster College, Webster Groves,
Me---- - -
western l~Vashington State, Belling-
ham, Wash--_-----
Collego ofthe Ozarks, Clarksville, Ark_
New Mexico Highlands, Las Vegas,
Ripon College, Ripon, wis-___________
Total----^----------------------
$378, 031
348, 484
265, 739
157, 020
135, 406
127, 398
127,199
121,000
118, 889
114, 848
90, 428
77, 940
98, 271.
40,927
39,985
19,100
100
150
75
100
200
200
200
300
200
200
100
200
50
sa
126
30
Nor>:.-Rel@ted program: Tuskegee Institute, Tuske-
gee Ala. 600 college students will provide tutorial
assistance to 9,A00 low_-iueome students in n Alabama
Counties.
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I wish
to read 1