CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP67B00446R000300140002-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 48
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 6, 2003
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: October 22, 1965
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved For Release 2003/10/14 : CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 22 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- APPENDIX
mon-use areas such as hallways and lobbies,
and in placement of plumbing and other
utility systems,
(d) Ratio of assignable area to interior
space area of the building,
(e) Relationship between the number of
floors in the construction and the cost of
land in the immediate vicinity,
*
(g) Reasonable allowance, where appropri-
ate and justified, for harmonious integration
of a new facility with architectural charac-
teristics of surrounding buildings, for cre-
ative application of proved new developments
_ in educational media and methods, for
planned future expansion of the facility.
Regulation 170.15 of the Commissioner
of Education also allows a State to in-
clude the following standard for deter-
mining relative priorities of projects:
(d) (6) The relationship of the proposed
facilities to an adopted plan for development
of the institution or branch campus for
which it will be constructed.
Yet, I think more is needed. We
should amend the law to make clear that
campus renewal should be an important
part of our long-range program of fi-
nancing higher education facilities in
every State across the land.
It is for this reason, Mr. Speaker, that
I have today introduced the College
Campus Renewal Act. Under unanimous
consent, I include in the Appendix of the
RECORD the text of this new bill. It is a
simple bill that makes the removal of
obsolescence on college campuses part of
the national policy of development for
higher education. A 10-percent bonus
for constructing facilities in accordance
with comprehensive planning for the in-
stitution should encourage and help fi-
nance this important activity.
This Congress is voting bold new pro-
grams in shaping a partnership between
the Federal and local level in meeting the
challenge of education. We have a re-
sponsibility to do the job well.
Campus renewal is a necessary part of
the development of higher education fa-
cilities in the decade ahead.
The text of the bill follows:
H.R. 11816
A bill to authorize assistance to public and
other nonprofit institutions of higher
education in financing the construction,
rehabilitation, or improvement of needed
academic and related facilities in under-
graduate and graduate institutions
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That this
Act may be cited as the "College Campus
Renewal Act".
FINDINGS
SEC. 2. The growing obsolescence of many
buildings on the campuses of institutions
of higher education in the Nation presents
a problem that demands immediate action.
Many buildings are no longer adapted to the
academic purposes for which they were
originally constructed. Many buildings are
unsafe, expensive to maintain, and located
In such a way as not to allow the most
efficient and best arrangement of buildings
on the campus. Functional or structural
obsolescence and inefficient utilization of
facilities and land area on the camp
cause an Unnecessary drain on the budgets
of public and private colleges, and can
reduce the effectiveness of grants and loans
made under Federal programs in support of
higher education. The expansion of facili-
ties to accommodate' the ever-increasing
numbers of youth in need of higher educa-
tion must now be accompanied by a care-
fully planned program for modernization
and replacement of obsolete or inefficient
facilities on our college campuses.
AMENDMENTS TO HIGHER EDUCATION FACILITIES
ACT OF 1963
SEC. 3. (a) Section 106 of the Higher Edu-
cation Facilities Act of 1963 is amended to
read as follows:
"ELIGIBILITY FOR GRANTS
"SEC. 106. An institution of higher edu-
cation shall be eligible for a grant for con-
struction of an academic facility under this
title only if such construction will, either
alone or together with other construction to
be undertaken within a reasonable time, (1)
result in an urgently needed substantial
expansion of the institution's student en-
rollment capacity or capacity to carry out
extension and continuing education pro-
grams on the campus of such institution, or
(2) in the case of a new institution of higher
education, result in creating urgently needed
enrollment capacity or capacity to carry
out extension and continuing education pro-
grams on the campus of such institution, or
(3) result in modernization or removal or
replacement of a facility that is functionally
or structurally obsolete or inefficient."
(b) Section 401 (b) (1) of the Higher
Education Facilities Act of 1963sis amended
to read as follows:
"(b) (1) The term `construction' means
(A) erection of new or expansion of existing
structures, and the acquisition and installa-
tion of intial equipment therefor; or (B)
acquisition of existing structures not owned
by the institution involved; or (C) rehabili-
tation, alteration, conversion, or improve-
ment (including the acquisition and instal-
lation of initial equipment, or modernization
or replacement of built-in equipment) of
existing structures; or (D) removal of an
obsolete facility and restoring and land-
scaping the land in its place; or (E) a com-
bination of any two or more of the fore-
going."
(c) The third sentence of section 107(a)
of the Higher Education Facilities Act of
1963 is amended by inserting after the words
"utilizing existing facilities", the words
"and making progress towards eliminating
obsolete and inefficient structures".
(d) Section 108(b) (5) of the Higher Edu-
cation Facilities Act of 1963 is amended to
read as follows:
"(5) The commissioner determines that
the construction will be undertaken in an
economical manner and will not be of elab-
orate or extravagant design or materials, and
(if applicable) will remove functional or
structural obsolescence and increase the
efficient utilization of the campus or a
facility; and".
(e) Section 107(b) of the Higher Educa-
tion Facilities Act of 1963 is amended by
adding a sentence to read, "The Commis-
sioner may increase the amount of a grant
by an additional 10 per centum of the
amount of the grant for any project which
has been certified to him by the appropriate
State commission as being in conformity
with a comprehensive plan developed for
the institution."
Protests on Vietnam War Aim at Wrong
Target
XTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. GLENN R. DAVIS
OF WISCONSIN
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, October 22, 1965
Mr. DAVIS of Wisconsin. Mr.
Speaker, those who deliberately violate
A6059
the law and those who deliberately set
out to encourage and incite others to do
so, do a disservice to themselves, their
families, and their country.
There has been too much of the
attitude that "boys will be boys" in con-
nection with the violent demonstrations
across our land, including my own State
of Wisconsin. Those misguided people
who seek to take the law into their own
hands, who seek to "make a point"
through violence need to be taught the
errors of their ways. They are being
used as dupes, and they ought to be
smart enough to see that.
A recent editorial in the Milwaukee
Journal well and thoughtfully brings the
latest rash of demonstrations into per-
spective. I commend its reading to my
colleagues:
PROTESTS ON VIETNAM WAR AIM AT WRONG
TARGET
The basic fault of those who are honestly
demonstrating against the war in Vietnam
is that they are talking to the wrong people.
They are admonishing the administration
and the Congress. They should be directing
their complaints to Peiping, Hanoi, and that
part of the Communist world which gives
those forces support.
For some months now the Iinited States
has made repeated offers to go to the con-
ference table to seek an honorable way out
of the Vietnamese war. We have offered to
meet with everyone concerned, including
the Vietcong. The President has invited any
members of the United Nations and the
United Nations itself to take the lead in
mediating. But the only answer is continued
war.
Some months ago the policy of the Govern-
ment seemed uncertain and rigid. Protest
then had validity. It has little now.
Of course, as some Members of Congress
and the Attorney General himself have an-
grily charged, the demonstrations have at-
tracted Communists, who may even have in-
spired some of them. That is to be expected.
Our history since World War II has given us
plenty of experience with the way in which
they seize and instigate opportunities for
troublemaking. Those who demonstrate
honestly, even if mistakenly, owe it to them-
selves and their Nation not to be misled by
such anti-American factions.
The demonstrators do our country no good.
They may even mislead our enemies in Viet-
nam as to the determination of this country
not to be pushed out of Vietnam and to ac-
cept nothing but honorable peace. They
obscure the fact that for some time the ad-
ministration has had the overwhelming sup-
port of the people. The protesters have been
a small minority.
We also face another danger. In criticiz-
ing the demonstrators some officials have
come close to denying the right of dissent
and equating all who participate with Com-
munists and traitors.
Senator PROXMIRE, Democrat, of Wiscon-
sin, who thinks the demonstrators are woe-
fully in error, nevertheless points out that
"the right to protest is feeble and empty if
it must confine itself to matters that con-
cern us little or on which the Nation's vital
interests are not touched. It is only when
protest offends us and seems to strike at
our country's deepest purposes that the
meaning of our bill of rights, the right to
dissent and protest in this democracy, is
really tested."
Paralleling the Vietnam protests is an in-
creasingly organized movement against the
draft. When this is confined to peaceful
demonstration and argument, no one has
a right to deny it. But when it reaches or-
ganized methods of defying the legal draft,
of teaching young men how to cheat and
mislead authority to escape the draft, of
Approved For Release 2003110114: CIA-RDP67B00446R000300140002-2
A6060
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX October 22, 1965
how to become conscientious objectors"?as
though conscience could be shaped artifi-
cially?then Government has a right to be
concerned.
Military service and fighting have never
been popular in our democracy. But when
public policy determines the necessity of
the draft and of war, our duty is clear. We
need not like it. But physically to interfere
with it is to weaken the Nation in time of
crisis and can become treason.
Protest is one thing. To be meaningful
it must be honest. To be effective it must
have a proper goal. It is an Arnerican
right?but the right is balanced, too, by a
duty to act thoughtfully and legally,
Utah's Cultural Attractions
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. LAURENCE J. BURTON
OF UTAH
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, October 22, 1965
Mr. BURTON of Utah. Mr. Speaker,
under leave to extend my remarks in the
REcoaa, I include the following editorial
from the Ogden Standard-Examiner of
Monday, October 18, 1965. The editorial
takes note of the fact that, in addition
to the well-known scenic and recrea-
tional attractions to be found in Utah,
there are also available some very at-
tractive cultural opportunities. These
are of interest to many of the workers
moving to Utah to take new jobs in busi-
ness and industry there, and to their
families.
I might add, for the interest of my col-
leagues, that the editorial lists only a
fraction of the many cultural attractions
to be found in communities from one
end to the other of my great State.
The editorial follows:
UTAH'S CULTURAL ATTRACT/ON LIST
Something unusual came to our atten-
tion recently?something we should have
thought about before.
An Ogden couple was visiting with a
man and wife who had just moved here
from Pennsylvania as part of the force be-
ing redeployed to Hill Air Force Base.
The new arrivals were talking about some
of the friends they'd left behind in the
East.
"They're reluctant to move to Utah," it
was explained, "because they don't think
you folks out here have any real cultural
attractions. They know about your skiing,
your hunting, your fishing, and your sce-
nery. But they're older folks and are more
interested in music and the theater."
Those of us who have been in Utah a long
time know well how this State has long
prided itself in its culture. Music and the
theater came to our State with the first
pioneers?and has been an important part of
Utah life since.
But for the new arrivals?and those who
might hesitate about becoming Utahans?
let's take at least a partial inventory.
Let's start with music. The Utah Sym-
phony Orchestra, which makes frequent ap-
pearances in Ogden, is tops among the Na-
tion's State orchestras. Maestro Maurice
AbravaneI is constantly receiving awards for
his talents and showmanship.
Music is an important part of the Weber
State College lecture and artists series, es-
pecially since the new, 1,800 seat Pine Arts
Auditorium came into use this year. In
the summer, Ogden's proud of its "All Faces
West" pageant, featuring Igor Garin.
Few musical groups in the world are bet-
ter known than the Salt Lake Tabernacle
choir and organ.
Dance? The Utah Ballet Co., directed
by Willem Christensen, attracts a wide fol-
lowing for its appearances throughout the
area, including in Ogden.
The Bertha Eccles Art Center in Ogden
now has a permanent collection, plus the
unique rental library that just opened. The
University of Utah has its famed Hudnut
Collection and, nearby, the Art Barn.
For theater, Ogdenites have a wide choice.
The Weber State College Theater series is
improving each year?the Fine Arts Audi-
torium helps with this, too. Soon to be
placed in service in the WSC Fine Arts
Building are the smaller, more intimate
cellar theater and Little Theater.
Just down the highway from Hill Air
Force Base, the Valley Music Hall?opened
this past summer?brings top musical stars
from all over the country for its frequently
changed shows in one of the country's best
theaters in the round. University of Utah
has a summer theater and in winters has its
Pioneer Theater.
Typical of world-renown performers who
come to Utah is Louis Untermeyer, appear-
ing tonight at Weber State College in the
lecture and artists series to read a collection
of letters by Robert Frost. He'll be followed
later in the season by such diverse person-
alities as columnist Art Buchwald and
essayist Harry Golden.
WSC also has a series of Audubon lecturers.
The Ogden Knife & Fork Club helps add
depth and variety to the area's attractions
by inviting speakers of national reputation
to appear at its dinner meetings.
Museums? The arms collection at the
Browning Museum in South Ogden is unique
because it has the original inventor's models
of most of the Nation's important guns.
Utah's pioneers are remembered in the
Goodyear Cabin and Museum at Ogden's
Tabernacle Park, in the Daughters of Utah
Pioneers Museum near the Utah Capitol, at
the Lion House in downtown Salt Lake City
and the Pioneer Village in Holliday.
The list could go on. The Springville Art
Museum. The Shakespeare festival each
summer in Cedar City. Indian dances at
the Intermountain School in Brigham City.
But these should answer the new arrival's
question. Yea, Utah does believe in culture.
And we have the attractions to prove it.
Linn County's Economic Action Program
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. JOHN C. CULVER
OF IOWA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, October 22, 1965
Mr. CULVER. Mr. Speaker, I am very
proud of the efforts being made in the
Second District of Iowa to implement
the economic opportunity program. On
May 12, the United Community Services
Agency received the first community
action program grant awarded in the
district to begin the necessary study of
conditions in Linn County and to estab-
lish an organization to carry out this
program.
Perhaps the most significant feature
of the poverty program is the require-
ment that projects be initiated and ad-
ministered by local officials in the com-
munity who are understandably most
familiar with the problems in their area,
and. the resources available to meet these
needs. It is a fine example of the proper
coordination of the activities of all levels
of government and private organizations
to deal with problems which are of local,
statewide, and national concern.
Since May, a most ambitious and com-
prehensive program has been developed
for Linn County. Officials of the county's
economic action program?LEAP?have
worked closely and effectively with
United Community Services and other
community leaders in formulating imagi-
native proposals covering a broad range
of areas which promise to give meaning
to the goal of creating greater oppor-
tunity.
WMT radio and television stations in
Cedar Rapids have recently carried on
a commendable study of the efforts of
the Linn County economic action pro-
gram and brought their findings to the
attention of the people of northeast Iowa.
I would like to introduce into the
RECORD at this point the news analysis
of this matter carried by WMT on Octo-
ber 11, 1965:
WMT NEWS CENTER BROADCAST, 6 P.M., MON-
DAY, Odrcoma 11, 1965
Linn County's economic action program?
EAP as its initiates?is trying to fight pov-
erty by diagnosing it, finding out where it
Is and who has it, then treating it by helping
the disadvantaged to help themselves on a
nighborhood basis.
In our last night's report we saw how coun-
cils of residents in each of three low-income
neighborhoods are doing this locally with
the help of LEAP administrator Leslie Num-
mela and his staff, through an extension of
existing social service programs. On a broader
level, LEAP and its parent organization?
United Community Services?have held sev-
eral meetings with four volunteer task force
committees studying what's needed and how
to fill the need in urban renewal and hous-
ing, education, health, and welfare, and em-
ployment.
But the most intriguing part of all this is
the system of services the LEAP staff is build-
ing?a dozen new programs to attack poverty
from 12 different angles.
Furthest along is the neighborhood in-
school youth crops which should be getting
a $150,000 Federal grant sometime next week,
to help 228 students in 13 Linn County high
schools finance their education by finding
work in the schools for 10 hours a week. This
is being administered by the County Board
of Education and should be underway by
November 1.
For high school dropouts, there's an out-
of-school youth corps for 30 to 50 young
men, providing up to 32 hours of work with
a local sponsoring agency, in this case, the
YMCA. It's aimed at getting the dropout
back in school, ultimately. USC approval of
this is expected shortly.
Then there's Operation Head Start, de-
signed to prepare disadvantaged children for
a formal education, through a 30-week pre-
school. A State administered 8-week pro-
gram of this type was held last summer, and
volunteer teachers had nothing but praise
for it. LEAP is now working up an ap-
plication to make it year-round.
LEAP has worked up an application for
about $16,000 for a foster home finding serv-
ice to overcome a serious local shortage of
such homes in this area.
On January 1, the city's local family
service agency will administer a broader
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For kelease 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX A6033
lthat when we have passed a law, we have
solved a problem. But it is not that easy.
You don't win a war just by giving your
troops some uniforms and ammunition. This
Congress has drafted many charters of na-
tional progress this year, but making laws
is only the first step in the resolution of
national problents.
LAWS TO ACCOMPLISHMENTS
These laws must be transformed by dedi-
cated people at all levels, into solid accom-
plishments. A voting rights law must be
tested and implemented. A poverty pro-
gram will fp without dedicated efforts in
communities throughout America. An aid-
to-education program stands or falls on the
efforts. of our teachers, educators, and ad-
ministrators. And all of our legislative
achievements must be guarded against those
who fought them all the way and are de-
termined that they shall fail.
And it must be added that most of these
programs will require substantially greater
appropriations by the Congress in future
years.
I deeply believe that, in the programs we
have enacted this year and in years_ before,
we have the beginning of the answer to
Selma, or Watts, or Appalachia. But we
don't have the answer to Berkeley. We are
working as never before to break down un-
just racial or economic or social or geographic
barriers, but we have not always provided
meaningful lives to those who have over-
come these barriers, or who never had to
face them.
This is the problem of Berkeley, the prob-
lem of those who seem to have everything
but feel they have nothing.
Men search for their identity, for a sense
of their importance and worth, for work
where they can make a personal creative con-
tribution to the life of their community,
State, Nation, and world. Too often today
they do not find it.
As Goodwin said, "We went swiftly and
hopefully ahead, assuming that if we built
and grew rich we would create the conditions
? of a full life. We were wrong. These things
were good and necessary. But they were way
stations, not the destination, on the road
to the Great Society."
BUILDING GREAT SOCIETY
And the answer to our larger predicament
still escapes us. How do we build a Great
Society which gives every individual a chance
to live a meaningful life, to feel like a par-
ticipant in America and not some distant
spectator, to do work in which he can take
pride?
I don't know the answer, and I wonder if
anyone does yet. And since we don't know
the answer, we don't know yet whether this
is something that can be solved by legisla-
tion, whether at the Federal or at the State
or local level. But we do know we must
search for solutions wherever they can be
found.
We do know that we cannot provide a con-
trived answer. You can't do it with some
giant advertising campaign, with billboards
and TV spot announcements telling people to
"feel important." We can't solve the prob-
lem with computers, by developing a system
of electronic people processing such as some
people have proposed.
And just as we know what we can't do, I
think we also know some of the things we
can do.
For example, we can ask not just whether
our economy is producing enough jobs, but
whether they are the kind of jobs that are
worthy of a lifetime of human effort. We
must seek to develop the kind of national
life which provides, above all, opportunities
for men to give, to create, to build, to sense
In their own lives their ?personal contribution
to their society.
We can think of men not just as spec-
tators, but as participants.
And we can, above all, call upon all Amer-
ican citizens to rise to a higher plateau of
public commitment. John F. Kennedy put
this call in memorable form when he said,
"Ask not what your country can do for you?
ask what you can do for your country."
YOUNG AIVIERIGA ANSWERS
Young America answered that call with
enthusiasm beyond all we could have ex-
pected, and the Peace Corps is a monu-
ment to that response, irrefutable evidence
of your thirst for work that is important and
meaningful.
And, there are hundreds and thousands
of opportunities in teaching, in youth coun-
seling, and work with the poor, in civil
rights, in conservation, in humane law en-
forcement, in the clergy, in arts and human-
ities and in many other walks of life where
young Americans can make a public com-
mitment to serve their country and their
communities, and in this process bring new
State, or Nation.
And finally, as so many of you at the con-
vention have already discovered, you can
find much of your answer, as individuals, by
your participation in this political party.
Your lives are richer, more meaningful,
because of your commitment to a lifetime of
liberal involvement, to making America the
kind of just, progressive, human society we
all know it can be and must be.
Some of you can fulfill this commitment
by running for political office?as a number
of you already have?by seeking the rare
privilege of political leadership in your town,
State, or Nation.
Others of you will do work that is equally
imported by active participation at all
levels of our political party.
MEANING to LIFE
By making this commitment, you know
that you are sharing in the accomplishments
which are and will be our greatest reward.
And in working with others who share this
commitment, you will build lasting human
friendships with the Nation's best citizens.
These things, as so many of you have already
found in our Democratic Party, can bring
deep and permanent meaning to your lives.
For those persons who are in politics for
money, or ego satisfaction or to pull the
strings of political power, our answer is?
we'd all be better off if they would quit right
now.
But the overwhelming majority of dele-
gates here tonight would not be here if they
had not already made their commitment to
a lifetime of meaningful dedication to a
better America.
You have joined this great political party
not for what you hope to receive, but what
you can give. You are asking to serve your
fellow Americans, and to work to build the
Great Society.
By making this commitment, you can pro-
vide your own personal answer to the search
for meaning in modern life.
And in finding your own answer, you are
helping to find an answer for the Nation as a
whole.
t's Time To Speak Up
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. WILLIAM J. GREEN
OF PENNSYLVANIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, October 22, 1965
Mr. GREEN of Pennsylvania. Mr.
Speaker, a lot has been said and written
about the war in Vietnam and the reac-
tion to our commitments in that country
here at home. This week, the commu-
nity newspaper chain which publishes
four weekly neighborhood papers in
Philadelphia, ran an unprecedented front
page editorial on the recent demonstra-
tions against our policy. This editorial
impressed me as a sound and mature ex-
pression of opinion which I feel is indica-
tive of the feelings of the vast majority
of the American people.
Under unanimous consent, I insert this
editorial in the Appendix of the RECORD:
IT'S TIME To SPEAK UP
The circus-like demonstrations over the
past weekend protesting our Nation's pres-
ence in Vietnam was insulting to the in-
telligence of most thinking Americans. We
uphold the right of any group, no matter
how small in numbers and how fuzzy in
thinking, to demonstrate for or against any-
thing they choose. In this recent nationwide
series of demonstrations it is perfectly un-
derstandable why so many young people and
college students participated. The draft
boards are breathing closely down the backs
of so many of our youth, and they, as well
as the rest of the Nation, have every right
to be very concerned about events in Vietnam
and other places in the world.
But it seems to us that the demonstra-
tors have completely missed the whole point
of our presence in Vietnam. We are there
because of commitments made by our Gov-
ernment some time ago. Our President has
made it abundantly clear many times that
our Government is willing to negotiate a
cessation of hostilities any time and any
place without any qualifications.
No one in the country, certainly not our
President nor our chosen leaders, wishes to
continue the costly warfare in South Viet-
nam for its own sake. We are there to fulfill
one of many of our Nation's commitments
to free and peaceful nations throughout the
world. For our country to renege or back
out of any commitment at this juncture in
world history would be, in our opinion, fool-
hardy and disastrous. It would completely
undermine our commitments and relations
with all countries of the world. It would cer-
tainly weaken our role as one of the leaders
of the free world.
It is certainly not an easy task our Nation
faces. No words here will console the be-
reaved families of men who are killed or
wounded in Vietnam. But peace and freedom
exact a terrible and high price from its
champions. And a responsibility, too. Our
responsibility is to keep faith with those
people with whom we have made commit-
ments and alliances. We agree that the price
may be high, but we feel that our honor is
at stake.
Cameron Voting Record
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. RONALD BROOKS CAMERON
OF CALIFORNIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, October 11, 1965
Mr. CAMERON. Mr. Speaker, under
leave to extend my remarks in the REC-
ORD, I include the following:
Approved For Release 2003110114: CIA-RDP67B00446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
A6034 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX October 22, 1965
Vote
Roll call
No.
Date
Bill No.
R.B.C.
Yea
Nay
Not
voting
Brief description
? . I
l. I
tO
I
. 00
,, . ? ? . . . ? ? t ..
4wWWFWWw wWW WW WWwWWWWwWWWWWWW4HWWWi .:N.WWWWW m.1 ,!.... . ..... .. ..,W... ..
.... ... ... .. ...t.2.. ....... ... 2s. v. . .... .... .. ....... .. ........ . .....
.,.. ... ... ,. ............. . aa.813?, . ..... ..... ., ...b..... ..
,
July 26
July 26
July 26
July 26
July 27
July 27
July 27
July 27
July 28._
July 28
July 28
July 28
July 29
July 29
July 29
Aug. 2
Aug. ii
Aug. 2____ .
Aug. 2
Aug. 3
Aug. 3
Aug. 3
Aug. 3
Aug. 4
Aug. 4
Aug. 5
Aug. 5-16
Aug. 17
Aug. 18
Aug. 19
Aug. 19
Aug. 19
Aug. 24
Aug. 24
Aug. 25
Aug. 25
Aug. 25._
Aug. 26
Aug. 26
Aug. 26
Aug. 30
Aug. 31
Aug. 31_.
Sept. 1_
Sept. 1
Sept. 2-13
Sept. 14_
Sept. 14
Sept. 14_
Sept. 15
Sept. 15
Sept. 15_
Sept. 15_
Sept. 15_
Sept. 16_
Sept. 16
Sept. 10------
Sept. 17
Sept. 17_ _
Sept. 17_ _
Sept. 20_
Sept. 20_
Sept. 20_
Sept. 20
Sept. 21
Sept. 21_
Sept. 22
Sept. 22_
Sept. 22_
Sept. 22.
Sept. 22_
Sept. 23
Sept. 20....,.
Sept. 23
Sept. 23
Sept. 24
Sept. 24
Sept. 24. _ .. .
Sept. 27
Sept. 27
Sept. 27_ _
Sept. 27
Sept. 27_....
Sept. 27
Sept. 28
Sept. 28
Sept. 28
Sept. 29
Sept. 29_
Sept. 29_ _ _ _
Sent. 29_ _ __
II. Res. 437...
H.R. 6675
H.R. 7984
H.R. 2985
H.R. 77
H.R. 77
H.R. 8856
S.J. Res. 81_
H.R. 8027
H.R. 6964
S. 1564
S. 1564
H.R. 84.69.Yea
H.R. 8439
S. 1742
H.R. 7750
H.R. 9811
H.R. 9811
H.R. 10986...,Nay
H.R. 2580
.
H.R. 2580
H.R. 9567
H.R. 9022
H. Res. 551
H.R. 9042
H.R. 3141
H.R. 2091
H.R. 8283
H.R. 9460
H. Res. 574_
S. 2040
H.R. 9221
H. Res. 585
H.R. 10873_
H. Res. 560
S. 4
S. 2007
H.R. 30
11.11. 7371
II. Res. 580....
H.R. 10232_
S. 306
S. 306
II. Res. 515
H. Res. 515
H.R. 4644
H.R. 4644
H.R. 4644
H.R. 4844
Present
Yea
Present
, Present
Present
Yea
Yea
-Yea
Present
Present
Nay
Yea
Present
Present
Yea
Absent
Yea
Yea
Yea
Present
Nay
Yea
Yea
Yea
Present
Absent
Present
Present
Yea
Yea
Nay
Present
Present
Nay
Yea
Present
Present
Yea
Not voting._
Not voting_
Nay
Present
Yea
Absent
Present_
Present_
Nay___ .. _ .,
Present_
Present
Nay
Present
Nay
Present
Yea
Yea
Present
Yea
Yea
Present1.1.0111111
Yea
Nay
Present
Present
Yea
Present_
Nay
Yea
Present.
Not voting.
Present
Nay
Yea
Nay
Present
Nay
Yea
Present
Yea
Yea
Present
Yea
Present
Present
Present
Present
Present_
Nay
Nay
Nay
248
307
251
414
200
221
275
313
326
323
118
328
394
389
330
244
169
221
139
189
- 518
367
304
364
280
340
73
209
128
186
337
380
228
360
312
379
207
254
89
199
279
325
80
294
213
222
234
179
227
134
171
116
168
0
223
203
125
11
0
0
284
74
0
0
54
150
224
172
263
218
95
22
37
23
113
47
298
180
251
180
30
0
143
0
52
0
185
113
204
178
70
10
220
4
183
179
155
219
174
266
14
11
12
19
10
8
34
110
108
111
32
32
40
45
50
40
39
37
19
19
41
91
46
39
45
61
43
53
66
65
52
51
72
65
53
39
64
139
52
83
97
132
133
36
31
44
32
30
30
Quorum call by Mr. Arends, Republican, of Illinois. (22 Members absent.)
To permit Consideration of H.R. 77, repealing sec. 14(b) of the National Labor Relations
Act.
Quorum call by Mr. Griffin, Republican of Michigan. (27 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Rhodes, Republican of Arizona. (32 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Ashbrook, Republican of Ohio. (17 Mentbers absent.)
Acceptance Of conference report on Social Security Amendments of 1965, including liespita I
and medical care.
Acceptance of conference report on Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965.
Acceptance of conference report on Mental Facilities and Centers Construction Act.
Quorum call by Mr. Ford, Republican, of Michigan. (20 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Younger, Republican of California. (14 Members absent.)
Motion to recommit bill to repeal see. 14(b) of National Labor Relations Act.
On passage of bill to repeal see. 14(b) of National Labor Relations Act.
Quorum call by Mr. Devine, Republican of Ohio. (24 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Baldwin, Republican of California. (30 Members absent.)
To amend Atomic Energy Act to permit construction of overhead transmission lines.
Quorum call by Mr. Gross, Republican of Iowa. (95 Members absent; RBC at lunch with
constituents.)
Apportioning funds for Interstate Highway System and establishing highway safety
programs,
On passage of Law Enforcement Assistance Act.
To facilitate the rehabilitation of Federal prisoners.
Quorum call by Mr. Conte, Republican of Massachusetts. (34 Members absent.)
Motion to recommit conference report on Voting Rights Act.
On acceptance of conference report on Voting Rights Act.
To provide increases in annuities paid to Federal civil service retirees.
On acceptance of conference report on military construction authorization bill.
To permit World Bank to make loan to International Finance Corporation.
Quorum call by Mr. Gross, Republican of Iowa. (57 Members absent).
During this period there were 7 quorum calls and 9 rollealls. (R.B.C. wasunder ?Okla'
leave of absence from the House to attend to legislative and other matters in California.:
Quorum call by Mr. Boland, Democrat of Massachusetts. (49 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Griffin, Republican of Michigan, (36 Members absent.)
Acceptance of conference report on foreign assistance authorization bill.
Motion to recommit farm subsidy bill.
On passage of farm subsidy bill.
Quorum call by Mr. Albert, Democrat of Oklahoma. (49 Members absent.)
Motion to recommit supplemental appropriation bill for Departments of Labor, and health
Education, and Welfare.
Quorum cal lby Mr. Hays, Democrat of Ohio. (28 Members absent.)
To revise amendments to Immigration and Nationality Act by placing quota limits or
nations of Western Hemisphere.
On passage of amendments to Immigration and Nationality Act.
Quorum call by Mr. Collier, Republican of Illinois. (34 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Gross, Republican of Iowa. (39 Members absent,)
On passage of Higher Education Act of 1965.
To provide financial assistance for construction of public sehools affected by major dis
asters. (R.B.C. at dentist; would have voted yea.) .
To permit consideration of H.R. 9042, to provide for implementation of agreement con
cerning automotive products between United States and Canada. (R.B.C. at luncheon
would have voted yea.)
On passage of Automotive Trade Act of 1985.
Quorum call by Mr. Joelson, Democrat, of New Jersey. (43 Members absent.)
On passage of Health Professions Educational Assistance Amendments of 1965.
During this period there were 16 quorum calls and 21 rollcalls. (R.B.C. was in Californi:
to deliver a speech in Glendora and attend to various district matters.)
Quorum call by Mr. Roudebush, Republician of Indiana. (54 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Hall, Republican of Missouri. (64 Members absent.)
Motion to recommit bill relating to concession policies in areas administered by Nations
Park Service.
Quorum call by Mr. Gibbons, Democrat, of Florida. (46 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Ball, Republican of Missouri. (68 Members absent.)
Motion to recommit conference report on Economic Opportunity Amendments of 1965.
Quorum call by Mr. Gross, Republican of Iowa. (47 Members absent.)
Motion to recommit bill to establish National Foundation on Arts and Humanities.
Quorum call by Mr. Devine, Republican of Ohio. (52 Members absent.)
Motion to table directive that Post Office Department furnish the House with names ohs)
temporary employees during summer of 1965.
To amend indemnity provisions of Atomic Energy Act.
Quorum call by Mr. Haley, Democrat of Florida. (65 Members absent.)
On acceptance of Department of Defense appropriations conference report.
To dismiss election contest against members of Mississippi delegation.
call by Mr. Goodell, Republican, of New York. (79 Members absent.)
?o -provide group life insurance to Armed Forces personnel.
Declaration relative to U.S. policy in Latin America.
Quorum call by Mr. Goodell, Republican, of New York. (68 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Ruinsfeld, Republican, of Illinois. (54 Members absent.)
Acceptance of conference report on Water Quality Act of 1965.
Quorum call by Mr. Hall, Republican, of Missouri. (50 Members absent.)
On amendment to river and harbor bill calling for special survey on project in Maine.
To provide for U.S. participation in Inter-American Cultural and Trade Center.
Quorum call by Mr. Waggonner, Democrat, of Louisiana. (123 Members absent.)
Motion to adjourn (R.B.C. attending to office matters).
Quorum call by Mr. Gross, Republican, of Iowa. (51 Members absent.)
To greatly expand scope of original proposed amendment to Bank Holding Company Ac
To permit consideration of H.R. 10232 regarding rural water and sanitation facilities.
To provide Federal aid for rural water and sanitation facilities
Quorum call by Mr. Devine, Republican, of Ohio. (104 Members absent.)
Motion to recommit amendments to Clean Air Act.
On passage of amendments to Clean Air Act regarding antismog devices for certain mots
vehicles.
Quorum call by Mr. Hays, Democrat of Ohio. (51 Members absent.)
Motion to discharge Rules Committee from further consideration of resolution to Demi
House to take up District of Columbia home rule bill.
To permit consideration of District of Columbia home rule bill.
Quorum call by Mr. McMillan, Democrat of South Carolina. (41 Members absent.)
Motion that Rouse adopt procedural motion to permit consideration of District of Colton bi
home rule bill.
Quorum call by Mr. Tfays, Democrat of Ohio. (54 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. us ley, Democrat of Florida. (35 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Waggonner, Democrat of Louisiana. (54 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Abernethy, Democrat of Mississippi. (36 Members absent.)
Quorum call by Mr. Hall, Republican of Missouri. (38 Members absent.)
Motion to strike enacting clause (kill) home rule bill.
On acceptance of Sisk amendment to home rule bill.
Motion to recommit home rule bill as amended.
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
A596
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP671300446R000300140002-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX October 22, 1965
Jerry Leopaldi, president of Local 447, ME,
AFL-CIO, which represents the employees at
ITTFL, Clifton, N.J., has been named chair-
man and coordinator of this committee, as
the idea for the committee originated at the
executive board of Local 447 ICE, AFL-CIO.
Gov. Richard J. Hughes has accepted the
honorary chairmanship of the committee.
The Governor stated that "I and the full
resources of my office will be placed squarely
behind this fine effort. This type of activity
goes a long way in helping to offset the false
illusion of nonsupport of our Government's
role in Vietnam caused in many instances
by what appears to be Communist inspired
anti-American activities."
Mr. Leopaldi announced that all inter-
ested people, regardless of their party affili-
ations, and whether or not they are members
of the labor movement, are invited to join
and support the efforts of the committee.
Anyone interested in joining can write or
phone Mr. Leopaldi at 25 Washington Ave-
nue, Nutley, N.J., 07110. Phone: [phone].
The committee is presently evaluating
several projects to be undertaken for our
troops in Vietnam which are designed to help
improve their morale and make the coming
religious holidays more meaningful.
When the final decision on these projects
is reached, a fund drive will be immediately
undertaken to finance and implement this
program which will demonstrate to our sons
and relatives in Vietnam that we do care.
Toward the Great Society?Appalachia
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ROBERT E. JONES
OF ALABAMA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, October 21, 1965
Mr. JONES of Alabama. Mr. Speaker,
wedged between the rich east coast and
the prosperous Middle West is Appal-
achia, the Nation's largest economically
depressed area. In this 165,000-square-
mile area, 16 million people live. One
out of every three families lives on an
annual income of $3,000 or less. Annual
per capita income in Appalachia is 35
percent below that for the rest of the
Nation. Unemployment is 50 percent
higher than the national rate. The gen-
eral low standard of living prevailing
means poor educational opportunities,
Inadequate food, substandard housing,
poor clothing, poor health and sanita-
tion facilities. There is one overriding
characteristic of the entire 11-State
area?the burning desire of the young
to get away and the diminishing hope of
the older folks who stay behind.
At the request of the Governors of the
Appalachian States, the Democratic ad-
ministration proposed a program of re-
vitalization for this economically starved
area. The 89th Congress approved the
Appalachia Regional Development Act
to accelerate the economic development
of the area in order to raise the stand-
ards of human existence in Appalachia
to a level comparable to the rest of the
United States. This new program is
aimed at overcoming the basic deficien-
cies of the region?difficult access, un-
controlled water resources, poorly man-
aged physical resources, and a general
lack of the public facilities which stim-
ulate economic growth.
The Federal-State-local effort to bring
new economic life to this area is coordi-
nated by the Appalachian Regional Com-
mission composed of the 11 State Gov-
ernors. Congress has authorized $1.1 bil-
lion to get Appalachia moving again?
to open the doors of this economically
isolated area to more tourists and to
more industry.
Lying between two great population
centers, the eastern seaboard and the
Midwest, Appalachia represents a poten-
tial market and source of raw materials,
as well as a major recreational area for
these enormous concentrations of popu-
lation. None of this potential can be
realized until the isolation of the region
is overcome. Over the next 5 years $840
million will be used to construct 2,350
miles of development highways and 1,000
miles of local access roads. The Federal
share will be 70 percent and the State
share 30 percent.
Another $41 million will go for the con-
struction of health facilities, including
hospitals, regional diagnostic and treat-
ment centers, and $28 million will go for
the operation of the health facilities.
The Federal Government will pay 80 per-
cent of the construction costs and 100
percent of the initial operating cost.
After the first 2 years the Federal share
of operating costs will be 50 percent.
Other millions of dollars will go into
construction of vocational education
schools, development of water resources,
sewerage treatment plants, soil con-
servation and land improvement, im-
provement of timber production and
marketing, and restoration of mine-
scarred land.
The program is designed only to pro-
vide initial Federal assistance, until
July 1971. By that time it is hoped that
revitalization will be sufficiently under-
way, and the States will continue their
cooperative effort to develop the full po-
tential of the region.
This is but part of the overall effort to
bring Appalachia out of the poverty
straits. It is geared largely to economic
needs. Other Federal efforts, such as
the antipoverty program and the elemen-
tary and secondary education bill, are
concentrating on human needs.
In the words of President Johnson:
Giving a man a chance to work and feed
his family and provide for his children does
not destroy his initiative. Hunger destroys
initiative. Hopelessness destroys initiative.
Ignorance destroys initiative. A cold and
indifferent government destroys initiative.
How the United States Got Involved in
Vietnam
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR.
OF CALIFORNIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, October 21, 1965
Mr. BROWN of California. Mr.
Speaker, one of my colleagues was kind
enough to insert in the CONGRESSIONAL
RECORD, October 20, 1965, page '26788, a
letter from the Honorable RICHARD
Icnosn to me on the subject of Robert
Scheer's pamphlet entitled "How the
United States Got Involved in Vietnam."
The letter was accompanied by an en-
closure containing information on Mr.
'Scheer's background?taken from the
files of the House Committee on Un-
American Activities. I am taking the
Iliberty, therefore, of inserting in the
RECORD my reply to Mr. ICHORD'S letter.
The reply follows:
CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES,
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
Washington, D.C., October 21, 1965.
Hon. RICHARD ICHORD,
Longworth House Office Building.
DEAR Dicx: I appreciate the fact that you
took the trouble to read the pamphlet, "How
the United States Got Involved in Vietnam,"
by Robert Scheer, and also took the trouble
to give me your evaluation of it.
I should make it clear that I am not al-
leging the authenticity of everything Mr.
Scheer says. However, this material is re-
ceiving widespread publication, not only
through this pamphlet but in other publica-
tions, and deserves review and analysis by
those concerned with our role in Vietnam.
Only by such review and analysis, not just
of this but of other pertinent material, can
we reach an understanding of history and
avoid some of the errors of the past. We all
know how difficult it is to get reliable infor-
mation on controversial issues such as Viet-
nam, sometimes even from Government
sources. While I do not share the view of
nry Republican colleagues that "The figures
that are fed to the press and the public by
the administration contradict each other
and surpass belief" (Vietnam?Some Ne-
glected Aspects of the Historical Record?
issued by the Republican Conference of the
House of Representatives, Aug. 25, 1965),
I do agree that adequate and accurate in-
formation is a problem.
As to Mr. Scheer's background, as revealed
by the files of the Committee on Un-Ameri-
can Activities, I can understand how that
would trouble you. I do not intend to de-
fend his associations and activities, since I
presume that he can do that more ably than
I, if necessary. However, I am concerned
about the two points which you take issue
with in his pamphlet.
You state first that "the publication is
filled with half-tfuths, distortions, implica-
tions, innuendos and inferences which lead
one to believe that Ho Chi Minh is the George
Washington of Vietnam ? ? *." Mr. Scheer
is certainly not unique in thus representing
Ho Chi Minh. Numerous prior writers have
done so, of which I will cite only Robert
Trumbull, who refers to him thus on page
204 of his book, "The Scrutable East," and
Edgar Snow, on page 695 of his book, "The
Other Side of the River." Your own Com-
mittee on Un-American Activities, in its bi-
ography of Ho Chi Minh published October
25, 1957, which obviously was not trying to
be complimentary, said,"* ? ? the legendary
figure of 'Uncle Ho' was entrenched in the
minds of the Vietnamese people?not as a
Communist but as a revered father of inde-
pendence. The myth of the national libera-
tor was so effectively instilled that not even
the French risked a personal attack upon
the name of Ho Chi Minh as they endeavored
to bare the threat of communism."
If it is true that Ho Chi Minh has a public
image as a "revered father of independence"
or a "national liberator" as your committee
states, then attacking Mr. Scheer for saying
it may not be very logical. Perhaps we ought
to deal with the fact, rather than attack
Mr. Scheer.
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- APPENDIX
ALR AND WATER POLLUTION
We urge the State to take steps to avoid
the serious problems of air pollution because
of industry or automobiles. The time to
act is now, not when air pollution has
reached a dangerous level.
We regret the defeat of Senator Berman's
bill calling for antismog devices to be in-
stalled in autos. We hope the next session
of the State legislature will approve such a
measure.
We commend the legislature for passing
a program designed to alleviate water pol-
lution conditions in New York State.
We commend Councilman Robert Low, of
Manhattan, in his fight against air pollution
in this State.
FLOURIDATION
We support the institution of foundation
of the water supply of all communities of
New York State. We urge all Democratic
Party organizations to support this proven
health measure.
MENTAL HEALTH
We believe that the State of New York
should increase its role in the field of men-
tal health. The problems of the diseases
of the mind and their high degree of in-
stances, plagues our whole society.
We 'urge the State to increase its center
for mental health. We also urge greater
State aid to increse and expand facilities
of existing mental health centers. Present
facilities are simply not enbugh to cope
with the large amount of our citizens who
are stricken with the tragic problems of
mental illness.
SPEAKER BAN DECISION
We strongly support the decision of the
New York State Appellate Court permitting
Communists to speak at the State univer-
? We believe that the essence of democracy
is to give free reign to ideas and criticism.
We are confident that in an atmosphere in
which all thoughts can be examined, men
have the right to decide for themselves and
Will not be misled to accept concepts which
would destroy those conditions which permit
them the fullest opportunity to develop as
individuals.
We urge the university of the State of New
York to abide by the court's decision and we
hope that New York's private institutions of
higher education will follow the spirit of the
decision.
DIVORCE LAWS
We urge the State legislature to modify
New York's present antiquated divorce laws
to include at least mental and physical
cruelty as grounds for divorce.
MARRIAGE COUNSELORS
We urge the legislature to pass legislation
to license all marriage counselors.
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
That higher taxes may be needed to sup-
port this effort should not provent its pro-
motion. Those segments of the community
which are well off have a moral responsibility
to help those who need assistance. We also
urge the board of education to continue its
efforts for more State aid to help meet the
costs of New York City's educational system.
In addition, we believe that the board of
education should take steps to provide for a
cultural training program for teachers so
that all teachers will be familiar with the
cultural background of their pupils.
We urge the continuance and expansion
of the prekindergarten program which has
been tried and has proven successful.
NEW YORK CITY FINANCES
It is clear that the city of New York does
not have the revenues it needs to meet the
requirements of the people of the city, nor
has it always utilized the finances at its
Command wisely. In order to correct this
situation, we strongly recommend (1) imple-
mentation of a city income tax and elimina-
tion of the city sales tax; (2) appointment of
a committee of outstanding economists,
businessmen, and labor leaders to investi-
gate and recommend new areas for taxation
and elimination of unfair or antiquated
taxes in existence today; (3) passage of
Mayor Wagner's off-track betting proposals.
We regret the inaction of many local legis-
lators in behalf of the latter bill.
We further recommend that New York
City and its suburbs receive a fairer propor-
tion of State revenues. It is unfair for New
York City to pay 60 percent of the New York
State taxes and receive only 40 percent back
in terms of services.
MOBILIZATION FOR YOUTH
We support mobilization for youth and the
fine work it has done in combating juvenile
delinquency on the Lower East Side. We
hope this organization's programs will be
continued for many years to come, and we
deplore the nature of the attacks that a
number of public officials have leveled
against mobilization for youth.
RECREATIONAL FACILITIES
To prevent the human waste that all too
often results from deprivation and boredom,
we urge the mayor to consider the construc-
tion of more and better equipped recreation
facilities. We urge Governor Rockefeller to
pursue a similar policy with respect to the
State as a whole.
We applaud the efforts of the committee
on parks and playgrounds in this area. We
hope the mayor will continue his efforts in
this area, as recreational facilities are one
remedy for the delinquency problem.
We urge the creation of several small vest-
pocket parks to make life more bearable in
ghetto neighborhoods.
Newbold Morris has done much fine work.
The mayor, board of estimate, and city plan-
ning commission should support his efforts
to obtain additional municipal park acreage
on Staten Island; at least 2,000 acres should
be acquired in the next few years, since by
1976 the island's population will have soared.
WOMEN'S HOUSE OF DETENTION
The overcrowding and moral transgression
in this miserable jail must be relieved, and
charges of brutality against prison guards
must be thoroughly investigated. The wom-
en's house of detention has survived many
scandals, but it must not be allowed to sur-
vive the latest one. The city has been talk-
ing about doing something to improve this
jail for more than 10 years; the time for
action is now.
Ralph Coghlan
MCTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. PRANK THOMPSON, JR.
OF NEW JERSEY
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, October 21, 1965
Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey. Mr.
Speaker, it is always saddening to re-
ceive news of the passing of a friend.
It is especially regretful when that death
removes from our midst a person who
has honored his profession and bright-
ened the national scene. Such a man
was Ralph Coghlan, a distinguished
journalist and a warm and witty human
being. I know of no better tribute a
man can receive than the honor and
esteem of his colleagues. The following
editorial from the October 20 edition of
the Washington Post sets forth a view
?A5995
of Ralph Coghlan which, I am sure, will
find wide favor among those who ad-
mired and respected him. It reads as
follows!,
RALPH COCHLAN
Ralph Ooghlan probably was not widely
known to the general public, but a great
many newspaper readers enjoy more cogent
commentaries today because of his stimulus.
As editor of the editorial page of the St. Louis
Post-Dispatch until his retirement in 1960,
he was a foremost practitioner of his belief
that editorials should have something to say
and should say it crisply and forcefully.
Ralph _Coghlan ran a great editorial page.
He was not always reasonable, and his cru-
sades sometimes led to distortions, but he
was always warmhearted, scrappy, provoca-
tive and indignant with dithering.
Editorials, he felt, should serve a higher
purpose than "pants pressing"?a phrase he
borrowed from Henry Meneken?and he
could be just as scathing in attacking the
pomposity of the press as he could be ir-
reverent in categorizing the foibles of public
officials. His ability to infuse others with
his enthusiasm brought formation of the
National Conference of Editorial Writers,
which has spread his concern with the con-
science and the equality of the editorial page.
Although he is now dead at 68, his influerce
continues to make itself felt.
Support of Vietnam Policy by Newark,
NJ., International Electrical, Radio &
Machine Workers
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. JOSEPH G. MINISH
OF NEW JERSEY
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, October 21, 1965
Mr. MINISH. Mr. Speaker, as coun-
teraction to the current demonstrations
against our Vietnam policy, District 3,
International Union of Electrical, Radio,
& Machine Workers, AFL-CIO, Newark,
N.J., has undertaken a vigorous cam-
paign to make clear that the great
majority of Americans are opposed to
capitulation to Communist aggression.
The men and women who comprise dis-
trict 3 are most anxious to achieve an
honorable settlement of the critical
Vietnamese situation. Indeed they have
an especial stake since for the most part
it is the sons of working people who must
bear the brunt of battle. But, never
having dwelled in ivory towers, the peo-
ple's sturdy commonsense tells them
that aggressors are impressed only by
strength and determination.
As a longtime member of district 3
prior to my service in Congress, I am
proud of my fellow members and I salute
their efforts.
The following statement gives the de-
tails of the campaign:
PRESS RELEASE BY DLSTRICT No, 3, IUE
Milton Weihrauch, president of District 3,
IUE AFL-CIO, announced that a committee
is now being formed for the purpose of
undertaking a campaign designed to let our
troops in Vietnam, the South Vietnamese
people, and everyone else, know that the
overwhelming majority of American citizens
support the policy of our Government in
Vietnam.
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October:12, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD APPENDIX
Your other point of difference with the
pamphlet was that it "* * * implies that
our involvement in Vietnam was the result
of a plot carried out by such distinguished
Americans as ? * 5" and you name several
names. 1 share your belief that such impli-
cations have very little foundation. Again,
however, it is a position taken by other pre-
sumably well-informed people and needs to
be dealt with. For example, Mr. Hilaire du
Barrier, a former member of the French Re-
sistance in Indochina, an employee of the
OBS., an "aide" to a Diem delegate to Wash-
ington, and a frequest writer for conservative
publications, is quoted as being "* * * in
agreement with some liberal critics of' our
Vietnam policy in regarding the American
Friends of Vietnam Committee as having
functioned as a pro-Diem `Lobby'."
The point I am trying to make, Dick, is
that it is better to deal with the realities
of whatever Scheer says rather than to at-
tack his reputation or associations.
Sincerely,
GEORGE E. BROWN, JR.,
Member of Congress.
'Wizardry' on Trial
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. WILLIAM F. RYAN
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, October 21, 1965
Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, Murray
Kempton writing in the New York World
Telegram and Sun on October 20, 1965,
reported on the current hearings being
conducted by the House Committee on
Un-American Activities. I am sure all
of my colleagues will be interested in
reading the following article:
[From the New York World Telegram and
Sun, Oct. 20, 1965]
KEMPTON SEES WIZARDRY ON TR/AL
(By Murray Kempton)
WASHINGTON, October 20.?In Alabama,
Lowndes County gives every sign of moving
to acquit Collie Wilkins Jr., a Ku Klux
Klansman without visible rank, of murder
on the highway. -
And up here the House Committee on
Un-American Activities is trying, in full
passion, to hang Robert Shelton, imperial
wizard of all the United mans, for fooling
the First National Bank of Tuscaloosa with
the forged signature of a fictitious party on
his corporation's checking account.
There are crimes no nation under law can
brook.
The Un-American Activities Committee
began its trip through the invisible empire
the way it begins all its great occasions, with
its chairman invisible behind the backs of
cameramen.
Chairman Enwix E. WILLIS, Democrat, of
Louisiana, managed at last to lower that
curtain and got over the formal insincerities
about how fairly every fair witness could
expect to be treated and introduced Chief
Investigator Don Appell, to give us a sum-
mary of the many books and treaties that
exist on the subject.
Don Appell responded with a handsome
summary of the Klan's history; but he did
not read any formal text of what wild sur-
mise had hoped might be a freshly discovered
treaty between some Alabama wizard and
some Alabama Governor, and that was the
first disappointment. Chairman WILLIS had
meant to say "treatise."
Appell then moved to the present tense.
He described an invisible empire split rather
like our own Democratic Party, among small
businessmen. As always the Un-American
Activities Committee was dealing with a
menace too terrible to distract anyone's at-
tention with concrete membership figures;
but the largest seemed to be the United
Klans of America, Robert Shelton, imperial
wizard, with such attendant genii as the im-
perial klockard, his propaganda director, and
the imperial kludd, his chaplain.
We had begun in comedy, and for the
moment one forgot that Robert Shelton's
koustomers quite often end their hours of
recreation with the murder of strangers and
could begin to reflect how the country's sense
of proportion might be improved if Jack
Valenti could be introduced as special klock-
ard for the President of the United States
and Norman Vincent Peale as resident kludd
of the Marble Collegiate Church.
There was put in exhibit a list of all the
Klanklaverns known to exist: the Paul Re-
vere Historical Society of Jacksonville; the
Ancient City Gun Club of St. Augustine; the
West Orange Sportsmen's Club; the South
Pikymarksmen's Association of McComb,
Miss.; the Craven County Improvement As-
sociation of New Bern, N.C.; the Saddle Club
of Bunn, N.C.
All these documents seemed harmless
enough in the Un-American Activities Com-
mittee's tradition, which is to compile lists
without ever saying just what it is the peo-
ple on them do. But they must have terrified
Robert Shelton, perhaps because it is so
much an article of the Klan's faith that any
list is evidence of a conspiracy; and he seems
to have decided that the committee had
him.
He had promised the committee on Mon-
day that he would testify freely and no
doubt with patriotic gusto, but then he went
off to lunch at the congressional with his
counsel and his genii and he came to the
stand stooped and sullen under the mantle
of the fifth amendment.
He began clutching at the only dignity
he had left, which was that of the small,
free enterpriser. "Are you asking me as an
individual or the president of a corporation?"
he replied when first requested to produce
his books and records. "That question is
not relevant and germaine to this inquiry."
Then Chairman WI:ma instructed him to
reply and he answered that he honestly
believed that an answer might incriminate
him and that he was availing himself of his
rights under "amendments (low voice) 5th,
(loud voice) 1st, 4th (lowered voice), and
14th to the Constitution of the (full bellow)
United States of America."
There followed the unappetizing congres-
sional sport of clumsy enticements and clum-
sier taunts to see how many different times
a hostile witness can be put through the
recital of his resort to the fifth amendment.
The record is generally accepted as 115 and
was set by one of Jimmy Hoffa's bravoes un-
der treatment by Senator JoHrr L. MoCLEL-
LAN, Democrat, of Arkansas. Chairman
Wrims got Robert Shelton up to an unofficial
78 by such ingenious devices as asking him
occasionally whether he was taking the fifth
amendment to avoid incriminating himself
and getting the reply, "I decline to answer,
etc." Shelton was to be back today and
seems a cinch for the record.
After such sport, Don Appell turned to
the subject of the Alabama Rescue Fund,
a Klan subsidiary organized by Shelton in
the early 1960's. Like those of any proper
Alabama corporation, its checks required the
Signature of a president and treasurer; and
Shelton, like any proper president, had filed
with the First National Bank of Tuscaloosa
as authorized to draw on the Alabama Res-
cue Fund's account his signature as presi-
dent and those first of T. L. Montgomery and
later of James J. Hendrix as treasurer.
A5997
Now, Appell asked, weren't T. L. Mont-
gomery and James J. Hendrix entirely fic-
tional characters and wasn't the signature
purporting to be Montgomery's that of Carol
Long, Shelton's secretary, and wasn't indeed
the signature purporting to be Hendrix' that
of Mrs. Robert L. Shelton herself?
Shelton continued his litany of refusal to
answer, and Carol Long and Mrs. Shelton ap-
peared to join him in involving, among other
things, that 14th amendment which en-
chanted the South. Then they all sat down
and the committee produced its handwriting
expert whose pointer danced over blown-up
photostats of signatures, convincing nobody
of his proof quite so much as the Sheltons,
who were riveted in the attention every
Klansman knows any document deserves as
evidence, just for being a piece of paper no
matter what it says.
The hour is at hand. No southern jury
will take this. Mrs. Viola Lee Liuzzo is un-
likely ever to be avenged, but the First Na-
tional Bank of Tuscaloosa is sure to be. You
might be able to get away with murder but
Just don't try messing with a bank.
Higher Education Act of 1965
SPEECH
Or
HON. WILLIAM F. RYAN
OF NEW YORK
IN THE ROUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, October 20, 1965
Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, today we
are committed to the war against poverty
in our country.
The different forms poverty takes are
sadly familiar. There is hunger and
undernourishment. Many schoolchil-
dren arrive each day at school without
any breakfast and return home to din-
ners of peanut butter and jelly. There
is chronic ill health. There is unem-
ployment and underemployment. For
too many Americans there is no home
arid no joy.
The causes of this devastating poverty
are many, surely. But, at the heart of
this problem is lack of education. For
lack of education and training is what,
in most cases, makes it impossible for a
person to qualify for available jobs. It
is what limits a mother's knowledge of
how to budget properly and how best to
feed her family. And, it is what inhibits
learning and putting into practice bene-
ficial health measures.
A National Teacher Corps, specially
trained and dedicated, can be one of the
best instruments for providing disadvan-
taged youngsters in our urban and rural
slums with the kind of education they
need to lift themselves out of poverty.
The National Teacher Corps proposed
by title V of the Higher Education Act is
patterned after the Peace Corps.
The National Teacher Corps would
give highly motivated individuals who are
now teachers, or who want to become
teachers, the opportunity to serve their
country and their fellow man by teach-
ing the children of our poor.
Basically, the program would operate
in this way.
First, members of the National Teach-
ers Corps will be specially trained and
oriented for teaching service in schools
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
A5998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX
with large numbers of underprivileged
youth. Equipped with these special
teaching skills, and with a broad under-
standing of the problems of the under-
privileged, they will be ready to go into
schools to teach.
Once in these schools, the members
of the National Teaching Corps will ap-
ply specialized training to help give edu-
cationally underprivileged youngsters the
particular enriched learning experiences
they need in order to bridge the heritage
of dispair. Understanding the children's
handicaps, the teachers will be better
able and prepared to teach these stu-
dents the academic skills that must be
mastered to be successful in school and
in life, and to begin to enjoy both. And,
they will introduce their pupils to the re-
warding world of cultural life around
them?a life which heretofore has been
remote or unknown.
In order to attract a wide variety of
dedicated teachers, and also, to train a
new supply of teachers, the membership
of the National Teacher Corps will com-
prise both experienced teachers and col-
lege graduates who wish to be teachers.
The experienced teachers will work in
schools singly or as members or leaders
of teaching teams. They will contribute
both to the schools in which they will
teach and to the young would-be teach-
ers at their side.
To the classrooms of the disad-
vantaged the experienced teachers will
bring their many years of teaching. The
children and youth they teach will have
the opportunity of being instructed by
individuals who have had a wide range
of educational experience and a deep
knowledge of the art of teaching.
To the young teacher-interns in the
program, these experienced teachers
would also serve as instructors through
leading in-service training programs
carried out in cooperation with institu-
tions of, higher education. They would
help, to teach these young teacher-in-
terns classroom skills while these young
Instructors are actually on the job in the
schools of the underprivileged.
The teacher-interns, for their part,
will contribute vigor and enthusiasm to
the classrooms of the disadvantaged.
Their original and fresh ideas and ap-
proaches will stimulate an atmosphere
of excitement about learning which can-
not help but communicate itself to chil-
dren and youth who need to be convinced
of the. value, wonder, and pleasure of
learning.
Teacher interns who will already have
BA, degrees would also be continuing
their schooling at a nearby institution of
higher education while they are actually
teaching. At the end of their 2 years of
service in the Corps teacher-interns
would be able to have earned an advanced
degree in education. With this degree,
plus their training in the teaching of the
disadvantaged and their actual 2 years
of practicing this knowledge, members of
the National Teacher Corps would be well
prepared to teach underprivileged chil-
? dren. As a group, they would also pro-
vide a valuable supply of well-prepared
future teachers for America's youth.
Although the cost of the program
would be borne entirely by the Federal
Government, the members of the Na-
tional Teacher Corps will not be em-
ployees of the Federal Government but
will be, in effect, a part of the local
school system. Federal funds will go to
the local education agency which will
pay the Teacher Corps members and di-
rectly supervise them.
The pay of the teacher in the Teacher
Corps will be the same as for teachers
in the local school system. Members of
the Corps who are experienced will be
paid the same as a teacher with similar
training, experience and duties in the
local system plus an extra amount if they
are leading a teaching team. Teacher-
interns will be paid at the beginning of
the scale at the lowest rate paid by the
local agency for full-time teachers in a
particular school and grade.
Mr. Speaker, the National Teacher
Corps offers a concrete plan for attempt-
ing to raise the quality of education in
our schools.
It will also stimulate respect for learn-
ing on the part not only of disadvantaged
youngsters, but also on the part of youths
and citizens in all parts of America.
I urge support for the Teacher Corps
and trust that the Quie motion to re-
commit will be defeated.
Let's Take a Real Good Look at
Plastic Pipe
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ROBERT E. SWEENEY
OF OHIO
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, October 200.1965
Mr. SWEENEY. Mr. Speaker, in re-
cent years there has arisen a substantial
Federal interest in the use of ABS plastic
pipe and fittings for DWV plumbing sys-
tems in residential and other structures.
So profound is the general lack of knowl-
edge about this question that even the
vocabulary is a stumbling block to one of
the uninitiated, like myself. The letters
DWV stand for drain, waste and vent,
and describe the plumbing system, with
its pipe and fittings, which is used for
these purposes in a structure. The let-
ters ABS stand for "acrylonitrile-buta-
diene-styrene." I trust that a layman
such as myself may be pardoned if he
Is unable to pronounce the name of this
complicated chemical compound.
The area of legitimate and proper Fed-
eral concern with this problem has sev-
eral dimensions.
A very important one arises from the
fact that the Federal Housing Admin-
istration?FHA?must lay down condi-
tions under which it will approve the in-
surability of home loans. I, for one,
have become very much alarmed at the
increased rate at which homes are being
repossessed by the Federal Government
under terms of the FHA home loan pro-
gram. Certainly our Federal Govern-
ment should be deeply and justifiably
concerned with the materials that go in-
to FHA-insured homes.
To my dismay, however, I have learned
October 21-, 1965
that in some instances negligence exists
in properly safeguarding FHA home
loans. For example, homes are being
built today in certain sections in this
country wherein the builder has failed to
provide the homeowner with a 5-year
warranty which he is required to give
under Use of Materials Bulletin No.
UM-33, dated December 15, 1961, of the
Architectural Standards Division, FHA.
Specifically, the builder must, under pro-
visions of this bulletin, furnish a properly
executed warranty to the homeowner
which provides that the builder will "re-
pair or replace any part of ABS plastic
vent and drainage system, hereinafter
referred to as 'system,' installed during
construction in the house built by seller
on the aforementioned lot, which, during
a period of 5 years from the date of ini-
tial occupance of original purchaser,
proves to be defective in material or
workmanship, provided that the defect
shall be material to the intended use of
the system and shall have occurred as a
result of normal domestic usage for
which the system was intended."
The sad commentary is that in many
instances the builder, the mortgage
lender, the purchasing public, and others
are totally unaware of this FHA require-
ment. Cases have been called to my at-
tention in which none of the parties in-
volved had ever so much as heard of the
PHA requirement of a 5-year warranty
for ABS plastic drainage and vent pipe
and fittings.
This lack of awareness of the 5-year
warranty requirement in our building
community is not surprising. Already
one manufacturer of ABS plastic pipe
has been sent a warning letter, as of
July 29, 1965, from FHA Commissioner
Philip N. Brownstein for circulating mis-
leading advertising and statements rela-
tive to FHA's acceptance of building ma-
terials. The company involved in this
case stated in its advertising copy that its
plastic pipe was "FHA-accepted."
Even more astonishing to me?an item
which the Commissioner could not take
official notice of?was the preposterous
claim by this manufacturer that his plas-
tic pipe is "never affected by chemical
action of household waste or drain
cleaners or by boiling water."
For example, in the case of ABS plas-
tic pipe carrying a different brand name,
I have seen installation Instructions is-
sued by the manufacturer describing
this pipe as an unsatisfactory conductor
at 72 F., for such familiar agents as ace-
tic acid, ammonia?both wet and dry?
benzene, borax, chloroform, manufac-
tured gas, iodine, naphtha, and a long
list of other materials including the
familiar cleaning compound, carbon
tetrachloride.
Does ABS plastic pipe mean one thing
in the case of this latter pipe and some-
thing entirely different in the case of the
manufacturer cited in the letter of Com-
missioner Brownstein?
As recently as September 27 of this
year, the independent testing laboratory,
Smith-Emery Co., of Los Angeles, de-
scribes the results obtained by submerg-
ing specimens of ABS plastic pipe in
separate containers of 28 different mate-
rials for a period of 48 hours. To me, the
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 20 CIA-RDP67B00446R000300140002-2
October 22, 71965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX
resources in the way they politically wish.
While he offers an interesting argument, it
seems to us that he saddles the monetary
system with more than its share of the blame.
To see why, it is useful to recall how
Britain came to its present pass. The exer-
cise is particularly pertinent because the
United States to some extent seems bent on
heading in the same direction.
Britains balance-of-payments troubles,
and the consequent weakness of the pound,
stem in part from the lack of competitive-
ness of its domestic economy. The growing
political power of unions, together with the
complacence of management, has threaded
make-work rules and practices throughout
Britains industry. Featherbedding, which is
hardly unknown in the United States, saps
industrys domestic vitality and lessens its
ability to sell goods abroad. Its stretching
things to blame those conditions on undue
obeisance to stable money.
As a matter of fact, the behavior of both
nations is cause for skepticism about their
devotion to such stability. In both, govern-
mental budget deficits and artificially easy
money long have been almost a way of life.
In Britain this proclivity already has led to
substantial price inflation, which has helped
push up wage costs at home and made Brit-
ish goods even harder to market abroad.
Britain at least appears to be, trying to
come to grips with its twin problems of in-
efficiency and inflation, though the outlook
for some of its efforts is at best dubious.
It is questionable, for example, whether the
nation will actually revitalize its industries
with its tax on imports, which in effect puts
a higher protective tariff wall around its do-
mestic factories.
Moreover, it's doubtful that the London
government will have the political courage to
try to curb the insatiable demands of labor
unions. If anything, labor unions seem
more out of hand under a labor government
than they did under the Tory regime.
Conceivably matters may by now have de-
generated so far in Britain that, as Mr.
Hirsch contends, the pound should be at
once devalued. No matter how highly any-
one values monetary stability, it's only fool-
ish to insist that it exists when it patently
? doesn't.
It would be even more foolish, Mr. Hirsch
also recognizes, to believe that devaluation
by itself would solve everything; at best it
is only a recognition of past mistakes. With
the slate wiped clean, a nation then must
manage its monetary affairs sensibly if it is
not to sink into one devaluation after an-
other.
That does not require a government to run
budget surpluses every single year and keep
money right under all circumstances. But
it does mean it cannot forever insist on the
opposite. To do so is not to promote sound
economic growth but, in the not very long
run, to seriously endanger it.
A government runs such risks when, as in
the United States it seems determined not to
dampen the union urge for inefficiency but
to enhance it, when it follows inflationary
domestic policies, when it applies no more
than paliatives at best to its balance-of-
payments deficits.
It boils down, we think, to a fairly simple
equation: If governments could control
their political passions, they would not con-
front the problem of money becoming a
master. It is precisely because they abuse
money that it finally forces a choice?tyran-
nical thought it may appear to the poli-
ticians?between discipline and disaster.
Therein lies the essential point about al-
tering the world monetary system. Intelli-
gent reforms might improve it; they cannot
substitute for common monetary sense.
The Viet Protesters
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI
OF ILLINOIS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, October 21, 1965
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker,
throughout the country the public has
risen in indignation against the Com-
munist-infiltrated demonstrations last
weekend in which our Vietnam policy
was attacked. Chicago's American, in
its edition of October 18 contained an
impressive editorial on the demonstra-
tions of the past weekend:
THE VIET PROTESTERS
Some of the people demonstrating against
the U.S. involvement in Vietnam may be
sincere in their beliefs, but they certainly
are misguided. Mothers of sons naturally
don't want to see young men drafted into
military service for action anywhere. Many
of the young men object to giving service
and risking their lives for a cause that seems
distant and incomprehensible. A few of the
demonstrators are natural born pacifists and
dissenters. And some are Communist fellow
travelers and sympathizers who always take
a position for communism and against the
best interests of the free world.
These dissimilar persons are now banded
together to cause as much mischief as they
can for the American Vietnam policy. In so
doing they are aiding the Communist cause,
and helping to prolong the Vietnam war.
The Vietcong launched a summer offensive
against our military forces in Vietnam which
has proved to be a failure. What the Com-
munists failed to win in Vietnam last sum-
mer, however, they may hope to gain by suc-
cesses on the domestic front within the
United States.
Former President Dwight Eisenhower most
properly points out that the Vietnam demon-
strators don't know what they are talking
about. Three U.S. President's, Mr. Eisen-
hower, Mr. Kennedy, and Mr. Johnson, have
persisted in the prosecution of the war in
Vietnam after a thorough examination and
review of the facts. And what are the facts?
The Government of South Vietnam has
been menaced by a Communist invasion from
the north. The Geneva International Con-
trol Commission has indicted North Vietnam
for this invasion, and no objective person
doubts that the legally constituted Govern-
ment of South Vietnam has indeed been
menaced. The United States assured the
South Vietnamese that they would have help
from us. We are now providing that aid.
Is it in our own self-interest to do so now?
It is certainly in our own self-interest to stop
the advancement of militant communism.
China and North Vietnam are now the lead-
ing exponents of militant communism.
China has repeatedly called on the rest of the
Communist world to destroy American "im-
perialistic capitalism" by force and violence
wherever it appears. North Vietnam and the
Vietcong are engaged in the attempted de-
struction of a capitalist outpost by bringing
down the Government of the Vietnam
Republic.
Unless we stop this assault, the whole of
southeast Asia and ultimately the Pacific will
go Communist. If we do not fight now on
the Vietnam front, we ultimately will be
fighting on a hundred fronts much closer
to home.
A5975
Our purpose in South Vietnam is to defend
a free and independent people, as we have
promised to do, and to prove to the Commu-
ists that violent aggression does not pay.
No one likes the cost of this policy, any
more than we wanted to get involved in
World War II. But we are involved, and we
had better stay involved until there is a just
settlement in Vietnam. Otherwise, we ulti-
mately will be even more deeply involved in
a worldwide catastrophe that will be called
world war III, if anyone remains to give it
a name.
The demonstrators and protesters against
Vietnam policy are doing a great disservice to
all of us. They are helping to prolong the
war. If they succeed in getting their way,
they'll help to bring on conflict everywhere
with a resurgent communism which will
prove once again that violence does pay.
This is a course that those of us who love
this Natton, and who prize a free world, can-
not accept.
Trade Expansion Act?A Threat
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ROBERT T. SECREST
OF OHIO
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, October 20, 1965
Mr. SECREST. Mr. Speaker, earlier
in this session I reintroduced a bill to
amend the Trade Expansion Act, identi-
cal to a bill that I had introduced last
year. It was designed to remove certain
items from the President's list marked
for a 50 percent tariff reduction. I am
now introducing a bill that has also been
introduced by some 15 to 26 other Mem-
bers which repeats the earlier bill but
goes further in amending the act of 1962
by modifying some of its extreme provi-
sions and authorizing the imposition of
import quotas under certain conditions.
The Trade Expansion Act has been a
deep disappointment in what was to be
one of its principal features, namely "ad-
justment assistance." This provision has
become a dead letter. The Tariff Com-
mission is now without a single case on
its docket after nearly 3 years from the
time the act was passed. This is not sur-
prising because no case out of the 17 that
have come before the Commission has
succeeded in gaining any assistance.
The turn-down has been unanimous in
all cases but one, and that one was nega-
tive by a majority vote of the Commis-
sion. This record would hardly be con-
ducive to further efforts to gain relief.
I can only conclude that the law was
too strictly drawn. The bill I am intro-
ducing now would relax the severe re-
quirements of the law so that its avowed
intent could be, carried out. This would
be accomplished by striking the "major"
where it is used to describe the degree of
cause necessary to prove serious injury
suffered by petitioning industries, firms
or labor groups. The law says that a
tariff reduction must have been the ma-
jor cause of an increase in imports and
the higher volume of imports must have
been the major cause of the injury suf-
fered by the industry or labor group seek-
Approved For Release 2003/10/14 : CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
M976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX October 22, 1965
ing relief. This is a double condition and
represents an excessive burden of proof.
Today there may be a number of causes
of disturbance or disruption of normal
operations of a manufacturing enterprise.
To be asked to identify one cause and
then to establish it as a major cause not
only once but twice, the second one de-
pendent on the first, is to demand what
no applicant to the Commission has been
able to satisfy. The requirement must
be relaxed if adjustment assistance is
to come to life.
Mr. Speaker, I do not understand the
reasoning of those who believe in the
high labor standards of this country and
yet lend support to a trade policy that
undermines those standards. We call
for full employment in this country and
seek a good level of prosperity for busi-
ness but then turn about and vote for a
trade program that works in the oppo-
site direction. While I say "we" do this,
I am not among those who voted in this.
fashion. I mean the 1962 congressional
majority.
I do not understand how we can ex-
pect to maintain our labor standards and
achieve full employment by calling for a
sharp reduction in the tariff. No one
can question the wide margin by which
wages in this country exceed those in all
other countries except Canada. The day
Is past when this discrepancy could be
dismissed by simply saying that our in-
dustry is much more productive than the
foreign. Other industrial countries have
escalated their technological develop-
ment more rapidly than this country if
for no other reason than their lower level
as a starting point after the war. We
assisted them immeasurably in this
escalation. I think it is safe to say that
we presented the countries of Europe
and Japan with a technological leap that
saved them two or three decades of re-
search and development.
This leap increased the competitive
advantage they already enjoyed in many
lines of good as a result of their lower
wages; for while their wages have risen
considerably, wages in this country have
also gone up. If their wages have come
up faster percentagewise than ours the
increases here have exceeded theirs in
actual dollars and cents.
Yet there are those who generally sup-
port the principle of high wages and full
employment who seem to believe that
growing import competition is economi-
cally not only harmless but beneficial.
Granted that fair competition is a
healthy economic factor and that some
Imports do no harm because they are
not competitive or do not represent un-
fair competition; it is nonetheless true
that import competition that owes its
advantage to lower wages may retard
employment in this country by discour-
aging industrial expansion while increas-
ing pressure for more mechanization and
automation.
I am not one who opposes mechani-
zation or automation as such. The bene-
fits of technological progress are too
evident to take such a position. How-
ever, we must ask what is the purpose
of our feverish modernization. Ideally,
the purpose should be to lower the cost
of production so that goods may be sold
to the consuming public at lower prices.
Our very system of mass production in-
deed got its inception from such efforts.
When the link between mass production
and mass consumption came to be ap-
preciated we began also to appreciate
the function of fair competition, which
was to reduce prices and thus allow more
production in relation to consumer in-
come. More production soon meant
more employment. The workers who
were displaced initially by radical mech-
anization were in time rehired or re-
placed in greater numbers throughout
the economy as a result of greater pro-
duction and greater activity in the sup-
porting activities, such as selling, distri-
bution, insuring, financing, transporting,
and so forth.
These benefits, however, do not accrue
under all circumstances. For one thing,
If the product is one for which the de-
mand is inelastic, consumption will not
be stimulated perceptibly. The price of
salt, flour, or sugar, within reason, has
little effect on consumption. The price
of some other goods if dropped sharply
may lead to a doubling or tripling of
consumption, or, in time, even a yet
higher multiple. Our industrial history
as it moved into mass production, from
automobiles to telephones, radio to tele-
vision, all sorts of household appliances
to a great variety of gadgets?I say, the
industrial history of this country during
the past two generations has been a suc-
cession of invention and innovation, pro-
ducing new products under the impetus
of efforts to bring the costs within the
reach of the mass pocketbook. The re-
sult has been what we see before us. It
brought us the industrial leadership of
the world.
Now, however, confront these same in-
dustries with the alternative of reducing
costs sharply or seeing their domestic
market supplied in rising degree by im-
ports and the situation is different. The
advantage of imports may lie in the
very objective that was looked to as
opening up a broader market, that is,
lower prices. The domestic industry
then faces a double problem. First, it
may for the time being have gone as far
as it can in cost reduction. New de-
velopments that increase productivity do
not spring up over night. The foreign
producers may be technologically abreast
of our industry and because of their
much lower wages can undersell us.
Second, even though the time is in-
opportune and the industry must reduce
its cost nevertheless it will scour the
capital market for means of increasing
productivity regardless of the state of
unreadiness. It can hope to hold its
share of the market only by cutting
costs; and the principal source of cost
reduction lies in the decreasing the num-
ber of workers. Yet, in doing this, sales
will not respond as in the days when the
market was virgin and free of already
low-cost imported goods. Now these
skim the cream, and the displaced
workers remain displaced.
Two negative effects, rather than
only one, are produced. The work
force is reduced, and plans for ex-
pansion that seemed opportune before
must now be put on ice. Therefore the
impact on unemployment is double. Not
only are workers displaced; new workers
who would have been hired had the in-
dustry expanded are left unhired and
are added instead to the unemployment
rolls. Thus we add to the retraining and
relocation burdens no less than the dis-
tress that marks the poverty-stricken
areas.
Mr. Speaker, it is a common human
weakness to wish to eat our cake and
yet also have it left over for future corn-
sumption. We all know that this does
not work. Yet there are economists, doc-
trinal free traders and others who are
strong suporters, as I have already said,
of the high-wage high-income economy
that characterizes our national state to-
day. They adhere at the same time to
a contradictory position that demands
an impossible competition with foreign
systems that base their competitive posi-
tion on low wages. We cannot maintain
our system and at the same time adhere
to policies that render our position
untenable.
We can meet the challenge in one of
two ways: we can reduce wages or do
what I have already described, namely
mechanize and automate as relentlessly
as possible in order to bring down OUT
costs. Either course would undermine
the income base that is necessary to sus-
tain our high level of production. The
day of reducing wages is gone, not only
because of the strength of labor organiza-
tions but because it would diminish the
market by reducing the number of dol-
lars in the hands of consumers.
Let us examine briefly the extent of
the dependence of our economy on per-
sonal income, or more truly, disposable,
that is, spendable personal income, on
the one hand, and the preponderate de-
pendence of personal income on em-
ployee compensation.
In 1964 disposable personal income in
this country was $431 billion. In the
second quarter of this year it had risen
to an annual level of $455 billion. This
compares with $384 billion in 1962:
Wage and salary disbursements in 1964
were $331 billion, rising to an -annual
rate of $352 billion in the second quarter
of 1965. In 1962 they were $29'7 billion.
These figures are in current dollars and
therefore exaggerate the real income and
real wages by the amount of price in-
creases since 1962.
It will be seen that wage and salary
disbursements represent a very high
proportion of all disposable personal in-
come which includes proprietors' in-
come, rental income and dividends?see
Survey of Current Business, U.S. Depart-
ment of Commerce, July 1965, table 3,
page 4?the proportion during the years
I have cited was 77 percent.
The percentage runs even higher when
the comparison is made with personal
consumption expenditures. In 1964, for
example, wage and salary disbursements
of $331 billion represented 82 percent of
personal consumption expenditures of
$399 billion.
It is obvious that our high wages rep-
resent the principal underpinning of
total consumer purchasing power while
the latter is what sustains our high
volume of production from farms and
mines to ,rnills and factories.
This relationship between our wages
and consumption is very important. If
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
yr Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP671300446R000300140002-2
October 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX
Actually, there are about 34.1 million poor
people in the United States. This is about
one-fifth of our population. New Hamp-
shire has its share of poor people. Accord-
ing to Prof. James R. Bowring, of the Uni-
versity of New Hampshire, there are some
28,383 families, or' about 85,000 people in our
State who are poor. This means that about
15.2 percent of our people in this State are
poor, which is 6 percent less than in the
country as a whole. In Manchester, there
are 3,142 poor people. Now, these figures are
based on a level of family income which is
less than $3,000 a year. The average family
has about 4 people in it; ask yourself, could
my family live adequately on less than $3,000
a year? The Federal Government estimates
that a family of four ought to have an in-
come of $6,317 in order to live adequately
but modestly. Think of it: one-fifth of
American families try to live on less than
$3,000 a year. This one-fifth gets only 4.7
percent of the country's personal wealth,
while the upper one-fifth with the largest
incomes gets 45.5 of the Nation's income.
This one-fifth of the Nation which is poor
by this standard really suffer a great deal.
Some 2,000 of them die of malnutrition each
year. They die sooner than the rest of us
because their whole lives are spent from one
Illness to another. Because of this, the
death rate in America is higher than in
Holland, Sweden, Israel, and Great Britain.
They suffer three-times the mental illness
rate as the rest of us experience. They live
in substandard, decaying houses, shacks and
slums. In the U.S. as a whole, there are 58
million such houses, and in New Hampshire,
there are 38,489 substandard houses in which
the poor are forced to live. And I have been
In some of them. Our New Hampshire poor
suffer more, perhaps, than poor in other
parts of the country because the average
wage scale for manufacturing is only $2 an
hour, while in United States as a whole, the
rate is $2.53 an hour. Our wage scale is
lower than any other State in New England.
To try to compensate for this low wage scale,
there is a larger percentage of families in our
State where the wife works and an older
child works than in any other State in the
country. This means neglected children, at
least.
The poor in the United States, as well as
in New Hampshire, include 15 million chil-
dren. Forty percent of the poor are non-
white, usually Negro, who are usually the
last to be hired and the first to be fired.
Forty percent of the poor are farmers trying
to eke out a living on substandard farms.
Fifty percent of poor families are headed by
a divorced, widowed, or abandoned woman.
The poor generally lack a good education.
Two-thirds of the poor families are headed
by people with no more than a grade school
education. Lack of good education is obvi-
ously one of the causes of poverty. Inci-
dentally, in Manchester the median school
grade that has been achieved is only 9.3,
which helps to explain, surely, some of the
poverty in our own city.
This, then, is something of a description
of the one-fifth of our Nation which com-
prise the poor. They are a challenge to this
great country of ours. What should be our
attitude toward these poor? Well, there are
always some who have said down through
the centuries that we will always have the
poor with us and that there is nothing really
that needs to be done or even can be done.
They often quote, out of centext, a saying
of Jesus, "* * * you always have the poor
with you." This has undoubtedly been the
case, but I am sure Jesus did not consider
this as ideal or something that we ought to
consider as final. You know, men used to
say that people would never fly, but we do
indeed fly.
Another attitude which many people have
is that poverty is one's own fault. They
say, one is poor because one is lazy, or crimi-
nal; poverty then becomes a kind of divine
punishment upon character defects. People
who say this are usually those who them-
selves have worked hard and have, through
their own efforts, achieved some kind of
financial security. Now, there is undoubt-
edly some truth in this. Undoubtedly, some
poor people could rise above poverty by hard
effort and industry. However, the bootstrap
theory does not take into account the Negro
who just can't find a job because of the
prejudice of his white brother. After all,
the Negro can't help the color of his own
skin. This theory does not take into ac-
count the mother of three children whose
husband deserted her; it does not take into
account the children of the poor who are
too young to work; it does not take into
account the victims of automation or cyber-
nation, which is eliminating some 40,000
jobs a week. Poor, slum schools, often with
at least de facto segregation, which fail even
to teach some children even how to read,
cannot be blamed on the children who at-
tend them. This bootstrap theory does not
take into effect the debilitating effect of
poverty and ghettos on people, the despair
and numbness and hopelessness which it
spawns in people, so that they lose their
nerve and sink back into more and more
poverty. No, this bootstrap theory which
may be true in a few cases, is not a worthy
attitude of the modern American when con-
fronted with the facts of poverty in our
midst.
This attitude is especially unworthy of the
Christian. And so, may I suggest what ought
to be our attitude toward poverty, an atti-
tude which is American and Christian. We
ought to develop an attitude of genuine
sympathy and concern toward the poor. We
should look upon them as our brothers and
sisters, children of the one God, along with
us. And we should be challenged to try to
help them in every possible way. This is
made very clear in our Scripture passage:
"For this is the message * * that we
should love one another. * * * If anyone
'has the world's goods and sees his brother
In need, yet closes his heart against him,
how does God's love abide in him? Little
children, let us not love in word and in
speech but in deed and in truth."
This loving in word, directed to the poor
in our midst, will take, of course, many
forms. One, there will always be a need for
acts of personal charity, on a person-to-
person basis. More often than not, however,
this personal charity will be through private
Institutions, such as those represented in the
community chest, and through all kinds of
church institutions such as Church World
Service. But such help is really inadequate
to meet people's real needs in depth. This is
where the government comes in, local, State,
and Federal. Government represents you
and me, and the taxes we pay for govern-
ment help is really Christian charity work-
ing through government. We need, certainly,
the kind of welfare which is available, and
It ought to be made more adequate. We
need social security and aid to dependent
children. And we need the kind of massive
Governmnet programs which have recently
been provided by the Congress, especially
those programs which aim at job retraining,
and helping deprived children get a Head
Start, and giving youth Job Corps training,
etc. All this is needed, and much more.
We have just begun to fight against poverty.
Michael Harrington, in "The Other America,"
has written, "I wanfto tell every well-fed and
optimistic American that it is intolerable
that so many millions should be maimed in
body and in spirit."
A5959
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
Os,
HON. JOHN R. HANSEN
OF IOWA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, October 20, 1965
Mr. HANSEN of Iowa. Mr. Speaker,
last May in a speech before the Political
Action Institute in Des Moines, Iowa, I
urged a course in Vietnam that paralleled
the one taken by the Johnson adminis-
tration. It seemed to me then and it
still seems to me that the United States
could not ethically shrug off the mantel
of world leadership that has been thrust
upon us by the free world.
The wisdom of that administration
policy has been pointed out in a recent
column by Joseph Alsop in the Washing-
ton Post. I feel this article makes quite
clear the need for and purpose of our
action in Vietnam. I hope this will add
to the understanding of those who were
not afforded the opportunity of reading
this column.
Mr. Alsop's column and my speech
follow:
SMARTY'S PARTY
(By Joseph Alsop)
Toxyo.?Both in Hong Kong, and here in
Tokyo, the China-watehers are currently
playing a game that is both amusing and in-
structive. It starts with the fact that the
Chinese Communists' great annual celebra-
tion of their revolutionary anniversary on
October 1 was painfully like Smarty's party,
to which nobody came.
Maybe that is going too far, for Prince
Sihanouk of Cambodia was certainly on
hand, there was also a commercial delegation
from Pakistan, and there was a very minor
member of the preupheaval Indonesian
Cabinet.
But there were no Japanese or Filipinos
or Burmans or Singaporeans. Africa, where
Mao Tse-tung and his colleagues have lately
been spending millions that China can ill
afford, was strikingly poorly represented.
The absence of the North Koreans?once the
closest of Peiping's allies?and even the
North Vietnamese?so widely supposed to be
entirely under Peiping's thumb?was rather
glaringly conspicuous.
In short, this was a party like one of the
more ghastly diplomatic receptions in Wash-
ington, which are unattended by anyone ex-
cept poor duty-State Department officials
and old ladies who go to eat free canapes.
The game of the China-watchers consists of
making up the very different kind of guest
list the Chinese Communists would surely
have been able to announce, if only the
Americans had duly proved to be "paper
tigers" in Vietnam this winter and spring,
just as Mao Tse-tung always said we would.
A minimum hypothetical guest list in-
cludes heads of state or foreign ministers
from the two other Asian Communist coun-
tries and perhaps some Eastern European
Communist states as well; plus heads or
foreign ministers from all the unalined
Asian counties except India and a good many
in Africa too; plus discreetly inconspicuous
yet highly significant delegations from Japan,
the Philippines, and maybe one or two more
westward-leaning states in Asia.
The China-watchers' game is no light joke.
It is expertly played by men with long and
intimate Asian experience. Hence it should
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP671300446R000300140002-2110?
A5960 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX October 22, 1965
be of interest to those lacking serious Asian
experience, who are so constantly warning
that the United States is "losing friends in
Asia" by refusing to be a paper tiger in
Vietnam.
The upheaval in Indonesia should also be
vividly interesting to these same people.
From the vantage point of Tokyo (and very
likely in Djakarta itself) the final outcome
cannot yet be predicted with confidence.
But it is already quite clear that the Com-
munist coup was attempted hastily and
brutally, in the way people act when they
are apprehensive and off balance.
It is equally clear that there would have
been very little resistance, even to such an
outrageous assault on Indonesia's independ-
ence, if the Indonesian nationalists had be-
come convinced that communism was the
wave of the future. A Communist timetable
in Vietnam would have implanted just that
without conviction. If Indonesia remains a
truly independent state, in fact, Mao's error
about Americans being paper tigers will have
much to do with it.
:Finally, there is the not unimportant
matter of the vital American bases here in
Japan and on Okinawa. Those who want
the United States to justify Mao's thesis
have told us we can take a catastrophic de-
feat in Vietnam, and still stay in business
as a Pacific power with the aid of our ocean-
wide net of naval and other bases. That
view evokes tired grins from the extremely
competent official Americans who have to
'concern themselves with the Japanese base-
problem on the spot.
The United States bases in Japan are a very
real problem?no doubt about it. A rising
tide of nationalism, deriving from a justified
sense of national accomplishment, is making
more and more Japanese impatient of the
present arrangements. Above all, the quasi-
colonial status of Okinawa, where the Japa-
nese Government's writ does not run, is
daily becoming harder and harder to defend.
Sensible adjustments are going to have to be,
and ought to be, made in the base-
agreements.
But in the present circumstances, there is
time and room for maneuver to make these
adjustments, about which our very able Am-
bassador, Edwin 0. Reischauer, is already
conducting a dialog with Washington. And
in the very different circumstances that
would have been created by U.S. acceptance
of the paper tiger role in Vietnam, there
would have been neither time nor room for
maneuver.
After such a demonstration of American
unreliability, the Japanese would surely
have been driven to see to their own defense,
without further reliance on 'U.S. strength.
The American base agreements, instead of
being sensibly adjusted, would soon have
been torn up and thrown in our faces. De-
feat in Vietnam would in fact have cost us
the bases. Such, at any rate, is the unani-
mous judgment of those closest to the prob-
lem, who are by no means illiberal or hard-
nosed men. Maybe that phrase, "losing
friends in Asia," requires a little further
definition.
--
ADDRESS BY CONGRESSMAN HANSEN OF IOWA
The problem in Vietnam is a complex one
as we all have repeatedly been told. Viet-
nam is somewhat like marriage. It was easy
to get into, and it is hard to get out of. We
have so many emotional arguments going
both for a stronger position in Vietnam and
for an immediate withdrawal that it is some-
times difficult to take a long, hard, look at the
situation there. Let us try to do this.
First of all, It should be clearly under-
stood that part of the problem in the United
States in accepting this position has to do
with our changing role of leadership over the
past 40 years. Our acceptance of responsi-
bility in world politics has grown to the
place where we now have almost completely
replaced Great Britain as the leader of the
free world. We are called upon to do what
the British did prior to 1900. She was some-
what the World police force. Scandinavian
seamen could rove the fishing waters in the
North Atlantic because they knew the Brit-
ish Navy would protect them if any difficulty
arose. We, in the 'United States, now fulfill
this same role for many small nations. This
may not be as we would prefer, but at the
moment, we have no real alternative but to
accept our obligation as a Nation to main-
tain peace and order and to develop a politi-
cal and economic climate where people can
work and live as they wish under a Demo-
cratic system.
One criticism has been that the Vietna-
mese themselves cannot and do not fight.
This is simply not true. This is a tough
war, and the Vietnamese are a tough people
to have stood up under it and to be holding
their heads above water after 20 years of vio-
lence and uncertainty.
To see the situation in true perspective,
take, for example, one fact alone?that in
the first 8 months of 1964 the Vietcong as-
sassinated more than 400 local officials and
kidnaped another '700. Now try to project
what an equivalent amount of gangsterism
would do to government performance in this
country. Then attempt to project that ef-
fect, in turn, into the situation in a country
such as South Vietnam which is just learn-
ing the art of self-government.
This procedure has been a continuation of,
the policy of the Communists, to weaken the
country by reducing the number of trained
administrators.
The Vietnamese military forces continue
to fight well. Our own military men con-
sider most of them as tough and brave as
any in the world. Though there have been
military reverses, there have also been vic-
tories?which sometimes do not make head-
lines.
Living conditions in the south are superior
to those in the north. There has been a
continued flow, or flight, of people from
North Vietnam Since the Communist take-
over?to the south. There is no like move-
ment to the north.
This shows that the Vietnamese people are
not voting with their feet or their hearts for
communism.
The campaign that is going on is some-
times referred to as a civil war. But this
is a misnomer. If this were a true civil war,
let me ask why then have not the majority
of the Buddhist and Catholic leaders and
their people joined this Communist cause?
Discontent, there may have been?and local
recruiting by the Vietcong, largely through
intimidation, has taken place. This whole
campaign, however, would never have been
possible without the direction, personnel,
key material, and total support coming from
the north. Nor would it have been possible
either, without the strong moral support
and key material, when needed, provided
by Peiping and, up to 1962 at least, by the
Soviet Union. Thousands of highly trained
men coming from the north, along with the
crucial items of equipment and munitions,
have been from the start the mainspring of
the Vietcong insurgency. This has been all
along a Communist subversive aggression,
in total violation of the Geneva accords as
Well as general principles of international
behavior.
Indeed the true nature of the struggle has
been publicly stated many times by Hanoi
itself, beginning with a 1960 Communist
Party conference in North Vietnam which
declared the policy of?as they put it?"lib-
erating" the south. In February, President
Johnson gave the anti-Communist war in
Vietnam a new dimension. The significance
of his action is both military and political.
By ordering American warplanes to attack
targets in North Vietnam, Mr. Johnson de-
stroyed any illusion that the Hanoi regime
enjoyed a "privileged sanctuary" from which
to continue to supply leadership and ma-
terial for the Vietcong attacking American
and South Vietnemese forces below the 17th
parallel.
When he acquiesced in the decision to let
South Vietnam's own air force join in the
retaliatory strikes, he gave a much needed
boost in morale to the military forces of that
country, which were so long at the mercy of
hit-and-run guerrilla tactics difficult to
counter.
The immediate effect in the United States
of the President's decision to retaliate
against North Vietnam for the actions of its
agents in South Vietnam was to lessen criti-
cism from both ends of the spectrum.
Those who had been demanding more de-
cisive action were pleased, although the
limited retaliatory responses did not satisfy
those who would like an all-out assault on
Hanoi and even Red China. But it appre-
ciably diminished the clamor of those critics
who had felt the United States was turning
the other cheek too often.
At the other extreme, Mr. Johnson's de-
cision to demonstrate that the United States
is not a "paper tiger" halted mounting
speculation both in this country and abroad
that Washington was inclined toward some
sort of international negotiation which
would lead to "neutralization of South Viet-
nam." This speculative trend had to be
stopped before it sapped the will of the
Americans and their South Vietnamese al-
lies to continue the struggle.
Having had one unfortunate experience in
negotiating a "neutralization" deal?the
1962 agreement of Laos?the United States
wanted nothing like that at this point in the
southeast Asian conflict.
It might be well at this point to recall
what happened after the 1954 agreement
when the south fulfilled its commitment to
disarm?a circumstance which did not take
place in the north. Recently McGeorge
Bundy said that all wars eventually end by
negotiation.
But wiser men than Bundy learned and
said long ago that a nation never wins at
the conference table anything that it was
not prepared to win by force of arms on the
battlefield if it had to. We suspect that
President Johnson knows this.
When we analyze the Vietnamese situation
as it prevails, we must not fail to take into
account the Communist activities in Thai-
land which completely belie the assertion
that they are only interested in liberation
of peace-loving people from oppressors and
are fostering a program of nationalism
among the emerging nations. If there is
any nation that has become a national state
and whose people are peace loving and which
has been living in peace with its neighbors,
It is that of the Thai. Yet this country
must operate almost in a state of war to
prevent and halt Communist efforts to in-
sidiously subject their land.
Thus we see that based on their own
rationalization, the Communists have abso-
lutely no business in Thailand.
As to the basic alternatives, so long as
South Vietnam is ready to carry on the fight,
withdrawal is unthinkable. A negotiation
that produced a return to the essentials of
the 1954 accord and thus an independent
and secure South Vietnam would of course
be an answer, indeed the answer. But nego-
tiation would hardly be promising that ad-
mitted communism to South Vietnam?that
did not control the Hanoi regime?that ex-
posed South Vietnam, and perhaps other
countries in the area, to renewed Communist
aggression at will, with only nebulous or re-
mote guarantees?this sort of negotiation is
likewise unthinkable.
As for enlarging our own actions, we can-
not speak surely about the future, for the
aggressors themselves share the responsibili-
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
ober 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD? APPENDIX
. for such eventualities. We have shown,
our reaction to North Vietnam's attacks
against us in the Gulf of Tonkin and else-
where, that We can act, and North Vietnam
knows this and must know its own weak-
nesses.
The root of the problem is in South Viet-
nam. We must persist in our efforts there,
with patience rather than petulance, cool-
ness rather than recklessness, and with a
continuing ability to separate the real from
the merely wished-for.
As a great power, we are now and will con-
tinue to find ourselves in situations where
we simply do not have easy choices, where
there simply are not immediate or ideal
solutions, available. We cannot then allow
ourselves to yield to frustration, but must
stick to the job, doing all we can and doing
it better.
The national Interests that have brought
us into the Vietnam struggle are valid, and
they do not become less so just because the
going gets rot.gh, and the end is not yet in
sight. President Johnson said in his state
of the Union message, "Our goal is peace in
southeast Asia. That will come only when
aggressors leave their neighbors in peace.
What is at stake is the cause of freedom, and
in that cause, America will never be found
wanting."
The Book
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. HUGH SCOTT
OF PENNSYLVANIA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Thursday, October 21, 1965
Mr. scow. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that there be print-
ed in the Appendix of the RECORD an edi-
torial in the Washington Star, of Tues-
day, October 19, 1965, entitled "The
Book," which is recognition of National
Bible Week, the third week of October.
This is one of the most beautifully writ-
ten summaries of what the Bible means
to all of us that it has been my pleasure
and privilege to read.
There being no objection, the editorial
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
THE Boox
It isn't a book at all, really; it's a col-
lection of books and it tells a rambling, dis-
jointed story that begins with Middle East-
ern musings on how the world was made
and ends in late Greek poetry on how it shall
be saved.
From the creation and the fall, we whirl
through the early generations of man, the
famous "begats," to the catastrophes of Lot
and Noah and God's bow set in the clouds as
a sign of peace. Then Abraham comes out
of Ur and all before seems prelude. Pacts
with God are made and renewed. Problems
of marriage and inheritance are solved in
strange ways. The patriarchs consistently
show a wry humor in their dealings with
God and with them. He often speaks in
sublime irony, both sides thus completely
different from the slave-master reiigious re-
lationship common to the time.
Jacob becomes Israel, the people of God,
and his son, Joseph, rules in Egypt, a light
to the gentiles. Abruptly, darkness falls on
Egypt and out of it rises a new leader, Moses,
who fashions a new people of God out of
slaves and leads them fitfully and rebel-
liously toward the Promised Land. Battles
follow and civil wars and the rearing of a
throne in Israel, whereon finally sits David
the King, shepherd, hero, warrior and cor-
rupt, ruler, yet a poet of piercing sweet
power, whose songs still solace and lift up
the heart of man.
The corruption of power, which began with
Saul, continues through the kings, splits the
kingdom, leads the people into captivity be-
side the waters of Babylon.
Now the jumbled, crowded story begins to
shift as if to another key, that of prophecy.
From this point on, in good times or bad, and
there are more bad than good, the spirit of
the people of God is found no more in kings
but in the lonely, insistent outraged, mourn-
ing voices of God's prophets. The voice is
one of increasing ethical precision in a call to
the people to return to God's ways.
Throughout all this long tale there have
been interludes of great human pathos and
love: Ruth amid the alien corn, Susannah
and the elders, the trials of Job, the song
which is Solomon's.
For the Christian reader, the New Testa-
ment is another change in key, the grand
climax of the elaborate story, in which all
the major themes of the past?the fashion-
ing and preservation of the people of God,
the building of His city, the understanding
of His law, the human notes of pathos and
tragedy?all these are brought to resolution
in the birth, teachings, death, and resurrec-
tion of Jesus of Nazareth, the Messiah.
At the end, the thousands of people and
events reveal their substantial unity and a
dynamic, directed movement through time
toward God and eternity.
Jews or Christians, or vaguely agnostic sur-
vivors of those faiths, we are indeed people
of the Book. It has formed us, our minds,
our ways, our laws, and institutions. This
third week of October is National Bible Week.
There can be no observance more fitting and
more rewarding than to open and read the
Holy Book.
Veterans Organizations Support Investi-
gation of Finance Companies
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO
OF ILLINOIS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, October 20, 1965
Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, I am
heartened by the support that the na-
tional veterans organizations are giving
to the Honorable WRIGHT PATMAN, the
distinguished chairman of the House
Banking and Currency Committee, and
chairman also of the Domestic Finance
Subcommittee, which has been investi-
gating loan-shark finance companies.
The Italian American War Veterans of
the United States has already passed a
resolution supporting the efforts of
Chairman PATMAN and the other mem-
bers of the Domestic Finance Subcom-
mittee.
I am now pleased to inform my col-
leagues that the Jewish War Veterans of
the U.S.A., at their recent national con-
vention, also passed a resolution support-
ing the subcommittee's efforts and urging
that the Defense Department place off
limits these unscrupulous loan com-
panies which specialize in loans to serv-
icemen_
The news release from the Jewish War
Veterans about this resolution follows:
A5961
WASHINGTON.?Efforts of Chairman WRIGHT
PATMAN of the House Committee on Banking
and Currency to expose and combat the ex-
ploitation of U.S. military personnel by un-
scrupulous loan companies have been com-
mended by National Commander Milton A.
Waldor of the Jewish War Veterans of the
United States of America.
Mr. Waldor, of Newark, N.J., called the at-
tention of Chairman PATMAN, Democrat, of
Texas, to a resolution on the subject adopted
by JWV at its recent national convention.
Mr. Waldor said that Representative PAT-
MAN'S investigation and hearings comple-
mented the objectives sought by his organi-
zation.
The JWV resolution noted that American
soldiers and sailors pay an estimated $50 mil-
lion a year in exorbitant interest and excess
charges on consumer credit. Aiming at mili-
tary patronage, loan companies have hired
former high-ranking military officers to serve
as officers of the firms, giving enlisted men a
false sense of confidence.
In the opinion of JWV the exploitation of
servicemen "is bound to effect their per-
formance in the line of duty."
National Commander Waldor hailed new
Department of Defense directives aimed at
achieving more ethical practices by busi-
nesses catering to military personnel. "This
response to the disclosures made by Chair-
man PATMAN'S committee is in consonance
with JWV recommendations as enacted by
resolution of our national convention."
During last month's national convention
the JWV went on record in support of De-
partment of Defense cooperation with the
Domestic Finance Subcommittee of the
House Committee on Banking and Currency
in exposing the sharp practices of a number
of loan companies specializing in loans to
armed services personnel. At that time the
JWV convention urged that such companies
be placed "off limits."
The Jewish War Veterans of the United
States of America is the oldest active war
veterans organization in the country.
The Artist and His Studies
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. JACOB K. JAVITS
OF NEW YORK
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Thursday, October 21, 1965
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, the dean
of the College of Fine Arts at Carnegie
Institute of Technology, Dr. Norman 0.
Rice, has recently written an illuminat-
ing article, "The Artist and His Studies,"
which appeared in the September 15 is-
sue of the Carnegie Tech Tartan. This
article is especially pertinent in the
light of the recent enactment into law
of the National Foundation for the Arts
and Humanities Act of 1965.
I ask unanimous consent that the
article may be printed in the Appendix
of the RECORD.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
THE ARTIST AND HIS STUDIES
(By Dr. Norman 0. Rice, dean of the College
of Fine Arts, Carnegie Institute of Tech-
nology, Pittsburgh, Pa)
A "fine arts student" is scarcely a type
that can be pinned down by generalities. 4
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
A5962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX October 22, 1,
The arts themselves differ from each other
and attract different kinds of people. In the
end we have everything from pragmatists to
poets, with a range of characteristics in be-
tween that would astonish most people.
Some of the arts require tremendous physi-
cal control, others do not. Sometimes the
control is one of narrow tolerances, as in
the fingering of a violin or the delineation
of an exact shape; sometimes it is perhaps no
less precise but involves the whole body, as
in tumbling around the stage. The mental
controls have to be there, too. These are
built up very systematically in all of the
arts, starting with quite simple ideas and de-
veloping elaboration to the point at which
reaction becomes instinctive. If one has to
think about the mechanics of drawing he
does not draw, if one is preoccupied with the
techniques of acting he doesn't act. Stu-
dents are bound to have deep concern for the
craft they are learning, but in my judgment
the craft is perhaps the least part of their
problem. Craft must he mastered and ex-
cessible,.but the arts begin by assuming an
adequate base in craftsmanship, adequate,
that is, for whatever expression has to be
made. If the expressive urge is there, the
means for turning it into art will generally be
found.
MORE THAN CRAFT LEARNING
The problem of the school then is not to
bear down on craft training exclusively for
4 college years. The kind of digital dex-
terity that musicians and draftsmen need
goes on and on and must be encouraged and
practiced and developed to whatever strength
the artist needs. The same can be said of
voice controls as they are practiced by sing-
ers and actors. The projection of a tone is
important just as the projection of a word
may be. If education in the arts ended at
teaching these things, our task ivould be
much less complex and much duller. As it
is, we begin in each of our programs with
the business of mastering adequate tech-
niques. The departments approach this
problem differently?each in its own way.
In general, then, all fine arts programs build
on the assumption of adequate techniques
with ultimate emphasis on the adequate ex-
pression of ideas, stress on expressive capa-
bility increasing as a student matures.
EDUCATION IN THE SCIENCES
The educational process in the arts is one
of indirection, suggestion, intimation, stimu-
lation, speculation, demonstration, critical
evaluation and then usually recapitulation
and a new beginning. In my observation,
everything that an artist knows he can even-
tually use. But learning in the arts is con-
siderably more than assembling facts. Of
course, artists need to know something about
history and about the great ideas of man-
kind. Of course, artists should understand
the sciences and the political systems of the
world, and, of course, an artist should know
all of the best literature in his own field and
the best that has been written and said in
all related fields. The humanities are ex-
tremely important to us if they are humanely
taught, just as the sciences are important to
us if they are taught with some recognition
of the artist's particular kind of sensitivity
and response. The world has placed, in re-
cent years, a high premium on the capacity
to deal knowledgeably with verbal and
mathematical symbols and it has tended to
ignore the fact that ideas can be communi-
cated with great force and clarity through
other kinds of symbols?through structure,
through gesture, through the ordering of
sights and sounds among which creative peo-
ple of some varities feel most at home.
CIRCUMVENTING OBSOLESCENCE
There is nothing magical about 4 years as
an educational term for anyone and I sup-
pose 4 years is never enough time to give an
artist to learn his trade. We talk a good
deal on this campus about preparing stu-
dents to circumvent the pull toward obso-
lescence. We do not have, in fine arts, quite
the same problems that are found elsewhere,
but I think we can say that the College of
Fine Arts tries to do precisely this for the
people it touches. The obsolescence we face,
as I have indicated, is of a different kind. A
good new idea in architecture does not make
obsolete a good old idea. It is pointless,
however, to go on simply reproducing old
ideas or forms or encouraging their repro-
duction in a school.
Artists, that is to say creative and imagi-
native people, must learn how to make out
of all the impingements in their lives a syn-
thesis resulting in an overt statement, one
of fresh interpretation or of new import.
"Heard melodies are sweet but those un-
heard are sweeter" is hardly the analysis
of a musician; it is a poetic verbal image
based on still another visual image. A
musician needs to hear the melody to judge
its "sweetness" and unless he can create it
according to his standards he has no func-
tion. We can proceed through all the arts
and find parallels. A design which is de-
scribed in words does not exist for the
architect, the potter, the painter, the play-
wright, the printer?they can imagine all
they choose but ultimately they have to
produce. It is only by making external
whatever ideas have been generated that the
artist's ideas can be judged.
FINE, ARTS CURRICULUM
With all of the preamble, what can I say
about the curriculum in the college? I can
describe it in fairly succinct terms. Archi-
tecture has 5 years and the other depart-
ments have 4 years; into these time limits
(which as I have suggested are purely arbi-
trary and which may not be at all realistic
for their purpose) we have developed pro-
grams which vary from department to de-
partment and even between options in the
same department. About 25 percent of the
total credit required in the college is in the
general area of the humanities.
Some years ago the faculties of this college,
working with humanities and social sciences,
developed two basic courses. The first year
we provide a combination writing and read-
ing course, which we call thought and ex-
pression; in the second year we require a sur-
vey of man's cultural history (that is to say
history with emphasis on man's cultural
achievement rather than on his military,
political or economic mutations). This
course is called History of Arts and Civiliza-
tion. It is passible for scholars to be scorn-
ful of both of these courses because they at-
tempt far too much in the time we give
them. They are intensive, they require a
great deal of reading and writing and they
are taught with varying levels of success by
various members of the faculty who have at-
tempted them over the years. In spite of
their limitations, they do stimulate a desire
in many students to read more widely and
they provide a base for intelligent reading.
In the 10 years I have been on the campus
there have been many changes in both of
these courses. The English and history de-
partments have worked hard and helpfully
with our own faculties in the hope of max-
imizing their interest and effectiveness. Al-,
though these courses are taken by all fine
arts students, I am not sure that they are
necessarily ideal for all students in the col-
lege. For various reasons It is simpler to
mandate these two courses than to give be-
ginning students a wide option, as many
more complex and diversified universities
have done. In general, I believe ours are
good courses for our people; if I did not
think they were good college level courses
for anyone, I would not judge them to be
good enough for the College of Fine Arts.
It follows that we would be inconsistent
were we to deny the privilege of taking tli
courses to anyone on campus.
CAN OTHERS BENEFIT?
Within the college we are integrated to the
degree that schedules will permit. We do
not exclude architects from sections which
are basically for music students, and so on.
The long laboratory hours required in the
college make scheduling for mixed groups
extremely difficult. Because of our own
scheduling problem, the pattern of classes
designed for fine arts is apt to be unpopu-
lar elsewhere on the campus and this is one
partical situation, I suppose, which keeps
us from enrolling students from other col-
leges in these courses. There is nothing
mystical in thought and expression or history
of arts and civilization, however, that in it-
self makes either course more or less valuable
than another course in the same field. I
happen to agree that cultural history for
people in the arts has more meaning and ex-
cites more interest and response than does
political history. To a historian who is dif-
ferently oriented, this may seem incompre-
hensible but for many people man's cultural
achievements can be as significant as his ex-
changes of power. Because man leaves be-
hind him artifacts that can be looked at and
evaluated, his record in cultural terms is
quite clear: it does not depend on a phrase or
value judgment seen through an overlay of
many years.
ELECTIVE TIME
Most students in the college take a psy-
chology course in the third year and there-
after they are free to spend their elective
time on anything that presents itself. A
year or two ago I made a survey of the kinds
of courses that art students get into at jun-
ior and senior levels. The range is surpris-
ingly wide, and the number of students mov-
ing into areas of mathematics, science, lan-
guages, humanities and the arts other than
their own, surprisingly great. Artists are,
after all, people--sometimes, if they are good
artists, people with perceptions heightened
by experience and possessing a vast curiosity
about everything that goes on.
We do not, of course, achieve this high
state of receptivity with every student. No
art school does. We have our full share of
good people, however, and in my view we are
one of the more highly favored schools in
this respect. I have lived among student
and faculty artists through all of my days,
and I assure you they are as diverse, as sub-
ject to period of exaltation and exhaustion,
as keenly concerned about the world as it is
or as it could be, as anxious to assist others,
as full of frailty and nobility, as prone to the
ordinary and the exotic as any other group
you can imagine.
THE OVERPPROJECTORS
Art students tend to respond externally to
the ideas they are trying to absorb internally.
Thus drama students who are learning how
to project, sometimes overproject in the pres-
ence of others. I suppose this is disturbing
to the underprojectors around them. In the
interest of international goad will and un-
derstanding, however, I suggest that we could
practice on this campus a bit of tolerance
toward those whose ideas are not like our
own, and this applies to the painters who
look at the actors, the actors who look at the
musicians, the musicians who look at the
architects, and all of the engineers, scientists,
and humanitarians who regard the College of
Fine Arts and its inhabitants. Some of the
most luxuriant beards a few years ago were
being worn (I think) by electrical engineers,
though the College of Fine Arts got the
credit for them. College years are expressive
years and a time when young artists (and
Others) are rapidly growing in their aware-
ness of all the possibilities the world holds
for them. It neither shocks nor surprises me
when the evidence of this phenomenon is
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
217580
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP671300447311d300140002-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? HOUSE October 22, 1965
longer; more than 4.5 million Ameri-
cans, living today, would be dead if the
U.S. death rate had remained at the 1935
level.
Additionally, in only the short time of
10 years?by 1975?the average Ameri-
can family will be earning $9,525 a year;
the average wage earner will be working
37 hours a week, and the chances are
good that half of us will be under 26
years of age.
Yes, we are making great progress.
But, in one particular field, we are barely
above the level of the Stone Age. The
field of living together?in peace and
mutual respect?as free human beings
and responsible nations.
Today, the world's peoples are becom-
ing increasingly more interdependent
and less self-sufficient. The bare facts
of life tell us we cannot afford to hide
behind "fortress America" or be isola-
tionists ever again.
I believe the late Adlai Stevenson
summed up what I am attempting to say
rather well when he cautioned:
Most of us recognize that a real with-
drawal from the affairs of the world is im-
possible. We killed isolationism at Los
Alamos, for ourselves, and for everybody
else. Our planetary society is now one, even
If only in the unity of potential destruction.
We cannot get off and float outside this
particular spaceship. We and the human
race are going to survive?or not?together.
Today, it is more important than ever
before that nations talk over their dif-
ferences. For today, as imperfect an
organization as it may be, the United
Nations, nevertheless, stands as a useful
forum for discussion and reason among
nations, for the airing of tensions and
age-old hatreds and misunderstandings
so that peaceful settlements may be
order of the day rather than the dis-
astrous terror and human misery of re-
sort to the habits of the Stone Age.
And what is the alternative to this?
To peaceful settlements and a policy of
remaining strong on the one hand, while
maintaining a powerful and ready re-
talitory force on the other? To pur-
suing peace, while ready to defend it
at the same time?
Nuclear holocaust. That is the alter-
native. The American battle deaths of
World War I totaled 53,000. In World
War II, 291,000 died. By comparison, a
full-scale nuclear exchange between the
United States and the Soviet Union to-
day, lasting less than an hour, could kill
almost 100 million Americans and over
100 million Russians. This nuclear toll
of Americans alone would be equal to
300 World War II's.
Today, the military might of the Unit-
ed States is terrifyingly overwhelming.
Our forces are so large as to be able to
survive a sneak nuclear attack on this
country, and survive with such sufficient
force to literally blow the society of the
attacker off the face of the map. Our
adversaries know this full well. And we
are confident in our awareness of this,
too.
General Curtis Lemay put his finger
right on the heart of the matter when he
said:
No one actually wins a modern war.
We must learn to live together in our
constantly shrinking little terrestrial
ball. Ready and alert we are. Willing
to negotiate in Vietnam. And I am
happy to say we are also anxious and
willing to pursue peace in the councils
of the United Nations. For, as imperfect
as it may be, it is also our only hope for
a world body with the majority of respon-
sible nations sitting in it, and where the
weight of world opinion watches as a
silent, but ever-present and ever-import-
ant ingredient.
Mr. Speaker, I am far from being a
one7worlder. But, I believe I am an
optimist. The world today is not yet
ready for an effective, strong world gov-
ernment, but we continue to need the
services and the forum presented by the
United Nations. Perhaps, someday man
will have learned enough in the ways of
living together to want to live under one.
While today, the world is far from a per-
fect place in which to live, I sincerely be-
lieve it is a far better place in which to
live because of the presence of the Unit-
ed Nations.
I believe Americans, in all walks of life,
should reflect, even for a moment, this
Sunday, October 24, United Nations Day.
Reflect on what kind of world we live-in
now. And, whether we are willing to ac-
knowledge it or not, what kind of place
it might have been or would be today
without this imperfect, yet hopefully
struggling world body.
As the late beloved President John F.
Kennedy pointed out:
We seek a relaxation of tensions without
relaxing our guard.
Today our guard is up and ready. And
just as surely as the great American
eagle on our national seal holds the ar-
rows of war in one claw, he also tightly
grips the olive branch of peace in the
other. And if you look closely, you will
note that he is looking in the direction
of the olive branch and away from the
former. This symbolizes what this Na-
tion has attempted to do, and what I
firmly believe we must continue to do.
No, the United Nations is not perfect.
Neither is man himself.
But an important ingredient of man's
climb from the cave of the stone age to
today's radiant promise has been hope.
And I find reassuringly that it is also an
important part of the atmosphere at the
United Nations. The historic visit of
Pope Paul VI dramatized that. All
Americans should support their Nation's
continued dedication to the pursuit of
peace.
Let us all hope and pray that the men
and women meeting at the United Na-
tions will be divinely inspired and
guided. The very future of mankind
may well hang in the balance of their
deliberations.
Let us hope and pray that it will be
strengthened and improved and thus
become an even more potent force for
lasting world peace.
And finally, let us as Americans, al-
ways recall the American eagle and the
arrows and the olive branch he clutches.
And the balance between the two.
GALLANT GI DIES WORRYING
ABOUT VIET PROTESTS IN UNITED
STATES
(Mr. GIBBONS (at the request of Mr.
DYAL) was granted permission to extend
his remarks at this point in the RECORD
and to include extraneous matter.)
Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, in the
Wednesday, October 20 edition of my
hometown newspaper, the Tampa Trib-
une, appeared an Associated Press story
by Hugh A. Mulligan. It is about Viet-
nam, and why a young American U.S.
naval officer was willing to risk his life
trying to help the people of South
Vietnam.
Today, protests and counterprotests
are much in the news. I would hope all
Americans could read Mr. Mulligan'S
story about Navy Lt. Ray Ellis and what
he died for. -
The story speaks for itself:
[From the Tampa (Fla.) Tribune,
Oct. 20? 1965]
GALLANT GI DIES WORRYING ABOUT VIET
PROTESTS IN 'UNITED STATES
(By Hugh A. Mulligan)
SAIGON?The last time I saw Ray Ellis he
was sitting on the deck of his RAG (river
assault group) boat deep in the mangrove
swamps and talking earnestly about col-
lege kids tearing up their draft cards and
picketing the Army terminals.
Dawn was Just breaking over the Mekong
Delta, and Vietnamese infantry troops were
piling off the little steel river boats and
haoking their way into the swamps. It was
one of those exquisite delta dawns, with a
vast flamingo sky swallowing up the morning
star and luminous white clouds already puff-
ing up into thunderheads far out over' the
South China Sea. Ray loved the beauty of
it all as much as he hated the horror of war.
"If only these kids could come out to Viet-
nam and see for themselves what it's all
about," he was saying in the quiet, patient
way he had of making a point, without ran-
cor, without argument.
"If they could see how nothing moves on
these rivers once the sun goes down because
of the Communists, and what it means for
a peasant to give half his rice crop to a
roving Vietcong tax collector, and what cal-
culated terror and murder can do to disrupt
any semblance of government control in even
the humblest fishing hamlet. If they could
just spend a few hours on my boat talking
to these Vietnamese sailors, they might learn
why these people still go on fighting after
20 years of it."
But, no, that wasn't the last time I saw
Ray Ellis.
I saw him once again as his coffin passed
through Tan Son Nhut airport in Saigon on
its way to his home in Cape May Court
House, N.J.
The delta that Ray Ellis had loved so
much, the lovely, lethal delta, had exploded
all around him.
The recommendation for a posthumous
Silver Star, now before the President of the
United States, tells how Lt. Ray Ellis, U.S.
Navy Reserve, gave his life to save the Viet-
namese navy boat and the Vietnamese sailors
he had come to aid.
It tells how at 5:55 one sunlit afternoon
RAG Unit 27 was caught in an ambush in a
narrow bend of a stream, and hit from both
sides by mortars, recoilless rifles, and .50 cali-
ber machineguns.
It tells how Ellis made his way across the
deck from the pilothouse to the radio
through that curtain of fire to call for an air-
strike, made his way back again to take corn-
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? HOUSE 27575
.liutional duties in enforcing the laws of
the United States.
The thrust of this letter obviously is to
forgive previously adjudicated antitrust vio-
lations committed by a number of large
banks. The pressures that have been brought
to bear on your office and the Congress by
Manufacturers Hanover and other banks hav-
ing special interests in this matter represents
the most flagrant violation of due I procais
that I have witnessed in my 37 years fn
Congress.
The very suggestion that you as the chief
law enforcement officer of the U.S. Govern-
ment ask the courts to bow to unwarranted
political pressures repudiates the very prin-
ciples that govern our country, including
the fundamental principles of separation of
powers and the independence and integrity
of the judiciary.
To accede to these demands made by
Members of the Senate who have asked you
ba their individual capacities to present their
views on this matter to the several courts
would be tantamount to abdicating on the
part of the chief legal officer of this Nation
his responsibility to represent the Nation
as a whole. It would also have a generally
unwholesome effect on respect for law and
order among the general public and would
amount to an official seal of approval on
improper lobbying by parties directly in-
terested in the outcome of these cases.
Also, it should be pointed out that the
Senators signing the letter of October 22
have been misinformed and inadvertently
have therefore furnished you erroneous in-
formation. Contrary to the statement in
their letter, no legislation on bank mergers
of any nature has been passed by the House
Banking and Currency Committee. Fur-
thermore, there can be no assurances that
the House of Representatives will act with
the degree of haste indicated in the Sena-
tors' letters and as desired by Manufactur-
ers Hanover and other banks who have
vested interests in this matter. In fact a
number of members of the House Banking
and Currency Committee are insisting upon
additional hearings on this issue.
/t should also be pointed out that there
were no hearings on the bank merger bill
(S. 1698) as passed the Senate nor was there
any substantive discussion on this bill either.
/ am assured by several Members of the Sen-
ate that if and when a bank merger bill
passes the House of Representatives and goes
to the Senate for their consideration that a
real fight will take place on this matter.
There are many Senators who feel that this
matter was inadequately considered on the
Senate side and they wish to explore such
legislation that would remove the effective-
ness of the antitrust laws from the banking
industry in detail.,
I draw your attention to the fact that it
was 2 years after the Philadelphia decision
and 4 years after the Manufacturers Hanover
case was originally brought that it was de-
cided by this fourth largest bank in the
country that they would run to the Con-
gress for forgiveness from antitrust prose-
cution. Manufacturers Hanover did not
even exhaust its legal remedies in this mat-
ter?rather they ran to the Congress for spe-
cial relief.
Finally, I draw your attention to pages
26502 and 26503 of the CONear.ssioNAL RECORD
of October 19, page 16754 of the CONGRES-
SIONAL RECORD of October 20, and pages
26848 and 26849 of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD
of October ill, 1965, wherein you will note a
complete refutation of the position taken
by all of the Republican members of the
House Banking and Curre:acy Committee and
a handful of Democrats that a bank merger
bill and report was passed by the House
Ranking and Currency Committee. It is in-
conceivable that either the Rules Commit-
No. I98--pt. 2-32
tee or the House leadership will consider this
outrageous action by a minority of the Bank-
ing and Currency Committee as being a law-
ful and proper report of a House bill from the
Banking and Currency Committee. There-
fore, at this point the Banking and Currency
Committee still has before it S. 1698 and re-
lated bills for consideration in the next ses-
sion of Congress.
Sincerely yours,
WRIGHT PATMAN, Chairman,
U.S. SENATE,
COMMITTEE ON BANKING AND
CURRENCY,
October 22, 1965.
HOD. NICHOLAS DEB. KATZENBACH,
Attorney General of the United States,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. ATTORNEY GENERAL: It had been
our earnest hope and expectation that by
the conclusion of the first session of this
Congress action would have been completed
on a measure clarifying the existing confu-
sion with regard to bank mergers. Such a
bill, S. 1698, passed the Senate without
dissent last June, and a somewhat differeht
but equally effective measure was reported
by the House Banking and Currency Com-
mitee just this week?but not in time for
final floor action by the House and Senate.
It is our expectation that we will have
enacted such a measure in the early days of
the forthcoming session of Congress. This
being so, we are deeply concerned that dur-
ing this interim period, action might be
taken with regard to several of the bank
mergers now challenged by your Department
which might prejudice the application of
the new law. As you know, two such merger
cases are now in the final stages of settle-
ment by divestiture, and the four others are
in various pretrial or trial stages. All of
these cases will be basically affected by new
legislation which, as we have noted, we
expect to be enacted shortly. For example,
the bill passed by the Senate would termi-
nate all six pending cases; all versions of the
bill considered by the House Banking and
Currency Committee would terminate three
mergers consummated before the decision of
the Supreme Court in the Philadelphia case;
and the bill reported by the House Banking
and Currency Committee would also provide
new standards to be applied in the cases in-
volving the three mergers consummated
after the Philadelphia decision.
We take this occasion to express our con-
cern lest what seems clearly to be the sense
of Congress in the area of bank mergers be
frustrated by action taken in any of the six
pending cases.
Accordingly, we urge that you refrain
from any further steps in these cases, par-
ticularly the two which are now in the final
stages of divestiture, until the Congress
has had an opportunity during the coming
session to conclude its consideration of the
pending bank merger legislation.
In addition, in view of the fact that these
cases are pending in the judicial branch, we
request that on our behalf you respectfully
bring our views to the attention of the sev-
eral courts having jurisdiction over these
six pending cases.
Reipectfully submitted,
MIKE MANSFIELD,
Majority Leader,
U.S. Senate.
EVERETT MCKINLEY DIRKSEN
Minority Leader,
U.S. Senate.
JAMES 0. EASTLAND,
Chairman,
Committee on the Judiciary.
A. WILLIS ROBERTSON,
Chairman,
Committee on Banking and Currency.
WALLACE F. Brusimrrr.
SUNDAY, OCTOBER 24?UNITED
NATIONS DAY
(Mr. GIBBONS (at the request of' Mr.
DIAL) was granted permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous
matter.)
Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, this
Congress is about to complete a long and
fruitful session. The atmosphere is
filled with the packing of bags and saying
of goodbyes. But, before we leave this
historic Chamber, I would like to take
a moment to reflect on the significance
of a special day, this Sunday, October
24, which is United Nations Day.
As we all know, the United Nations
has had a 20-year history marked by
some noteworthy successes and some
rather dismal failures. We know the
names of both. The India-Pakistan dis-
pute, Cyprus, Korea, the Congo, and of
course, Vietnam. It has been charac-
terized by trust and derision. By both
hope and fear. The hope is embodied in
its great potential for peace and the
fear is that of the terrible gnawing of
total stalemate which could cause it to
watch impotently while the world burns
to a crisp in a nuclear. holocaust.
We live today in a vastly changing so-
ciety, one which sees everything in a
constant state of flux. Today, every
man, no matter where he may live?in
the isolated hamlet in the deepest reaches
of darkest Africa, or along a noisy,
rushing Manhattan street?is only hours
and minutes away from each other. And
who really knows what tomorrow may
bring? Only seconds away. Neighbors
in a crowded space-age neighborhood.
Today, in virtually every conceivable
field of human endeavor, man surges
ahead. It has been predicted that
within the relatively short span of 30
years?one generation?we will see
5,000-mile-an-hour commercial aircraft,
freight shot across the continent by mis-
sile, electronically controlled highways
and underground transportation system
shrinking the world of Marco Polo to Lil-
liputian dimensions. Into one great, big
overgrown backyard.
Man can conquer space, overcome
cancer and other diseases and provide
enough food and shelter for all of the
world's population before the end of the
20th century, a leading scientist has re-
cently pointed out. But, he also is capa-
ble of the "complete destruction of civili-
zation," he added. He noted that "the
conquest of space will be easier than the
banishment of war."
As an illustration, look at the phenom-
enal progress we have made in only one
field, medicine. Cancer survival rates
have improved from the 1937 rate of 1
in 7 to today's 1 in 3. Early diagnosis,
better surgical and radioactive techniques
and more than a dozen new therapeutic
agents are responsible. Seven out of ten
prescriptions today are for drugs not
even known in 1950; over 300,000 babies
born last year are alive today as a result
of the great advances in medical care of
the last 45 years; today's babies will live
at least 10 years longer than their 30-
year-old parents, and be productive
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
4. Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
ctober 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- HOUSE
mend of the ship when the entire pilothouse
was wiped out, and was venturing across the
deck once more to help a wounded Vietnam-
ese sailor when a .50 caliber machinegun
ripped into his hip, cut in two the hunting
knife hanging on his belt and drove the
shards into his body so that he died almost
before the cry escaped his lips.
Two boats were sunk that day, and two
more put out of commission. In addition to
Ellis, the only American on the operation,
44 Vietnamese soldiers and 13 Vietnamese
sailors gave their lives in that crooked bend
of a narrow, muddy river. The Vietcong
dead numbered 83.
The citation will attest to the bravery and
competence of Lt. Ray Ellis, but it won't
say anything about what, he did for the Viet-
namese people and what they thought of him.
The citation is no place to tell how Ellis
came 40 miles by helicopter twice a week
from his base in My Tho to teach English
at the Vietnamese school in Saigon.
The citation is no place to tell about the
nights he spent dining in the homes of his
Vietnamese sailors, and about how he orga-
nized them into a volleyball team and the
hours he put in trying to learn their
language.
No citation will tell about the flowers the
people of My Tho heaped on his coffin, and
the delegation they sent to Saigon for his
final rites on this side of the world.
The citation attests that Ray Ellis was a
member of the Naval Reserve. It doesn't say
that he had been accepted into the Regular
Navy 2 days before he was killed but, because
he was out on that delta operation, had not
got around to signing the final papers.
Maybe people on the picket lines would
have a hard time understanding why a for-
mer teacher from Gettysburg, Pa., would
want to make a career out of the Navy, but
if Ray was around he'd explain it to them.
He had a teacher's patience with those who
couldn't understand.
LACK OF ADEQUATE ATTENTION TO
EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED CHIL-
DREN
(Mr. GIBBONS (at the, request of Mr.
DYAL) was granted permission to extend
his remarks at this point in the RECORD
and to include extraneous matter.)
Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, it is es-
timated tha.t there are over 500,000 emo-
tionally disturbed youngsters in the
United States today. If this fact were
not shocking enough, the sad fact that
only about 2 percent of them, or less
than 10,000, are today receiving any form
of treatment, should be even more shock-
ing and disheartening. Lee Harvey Os-
wald was once one of these youngsters.
And we all know what kind of member
of society that name represented. It
brings back a sickening memory for most
Americans.
For some time, I have been greatly
concerned with this problem and the pos-
sibility of early detection and prevention
of these motional problems in the pre-
school and first three grades of elemen-
tary school early enough to do something
about it before it turns into violence typ-
lified by Oswald, or the school dropout,
the unemployable person, the juvenile
delinquent, the maladjusted, the criminal
or the psychotic.
On September 30, I introduced a bill,
H.R. 11322, to provide a program of fed-
erally assisted early detection and pre-
vention of this type of behavior through
child development specialists in the
school systems of the country. Just this
week, hearings were held by the Sub-
committee on General Education of the
House Education and Labor Committee.
At that time, several experts in the field
testified in favor of this legislation.
In the Thursday, October 21, edition
of the Washington Post, there appeared
an outstandingly perceptive article by
Mr. George Lardner, Jr. It dramatically
portrays the problem we face in the Na-
tion from lack of adequate attention to
emotionally disturbed children. Mr.
Lardner has made a distinct contribution
to the ultimate solution of this whole
troublesome matter by focusing public
attention on it.
I commend the article to my col-
leagues:
[From the Washington (D.C.) Post, Oct. 21,
1965]
CITY LAGS IN MEETING PUPIL BEHAVIOR
PROBLEMS
(By George Lardner, Jr.)
It is usually estimated, says city health
director Murray Grant, that about 1 of every
10 youngsters of school age is emotionally
disturbed.
With more than 145,000 students enrolled
In Washington's public schools, that can
spell a lot of trouble.
Their problems may seem small at first.
They may be easy to treat, but unless the dis-
turbed youngsters are gvien the attention
they need, Dr. Grant says, they could even-
tually wind up in institutions such as St.
El izab eths.
"Take a child with a speech defect," he
says. "He finds himself ostracized by other
children. They won't play with him; instead
they make fun of him. The child gets a
feeling of insecurity.
"And if he already has some inherent per-
sonality weakness, the feeling builds up and
up. If you don't work with the child, or at
least correct his speech, it's going to get
worse. These are the kind of things that
we believe cause the youngsters to end up in
institutions."
So far neither the city's schools nor the
Health Department has been able to do more
than scratch the surface of behavior problems
of the young that range from minor to
psychotic.
"It's a hit or miss proposition now," Dr.
Grant says. "We try to consult with the
schools, help the teachers, have nurses visit
the homes and treat some of the children
at our three child guidance clinics."
But little more than 400 youngsters are
carried on the clinics' rolls as active cases.
They range in age from 2 years old to teen-
agers. Most are referred to the clinics by
the public schools.
The public schools, in turn, refer only a
small fraction of the emotionally disturbed
youngsters in their classrooms.
According to the District of Columbia As-
sociation for Mental Health, 7282 schoolchil-
dren were singled out by their teachers last
year for psychological study by the school
system's pupil appraisal service. About 1,200
were diagnosed as having severe emotional
problems. But, the association says, about
2,000 others suggested for study each year
aren't tested at all, because of staff short-
ages. And, Dr. Grant says, "psychological
testing by itself does not reveal emotional
disturbance."
"Many teachers do not even bother to refer
children unless they are disrupting the class-
room," adds Jonas V. Morris, of the Mental
Health Association. "They know years can
pass before the child is seen. This means
there are in our schools many quiet, with-
drawn, disturbed children who are being
neglected."
27581
In a section of the antipoverty program's
Operation Head Start for preschool children
this past summer, the association also re-
ports, 100 children were found with suspected
mental problems, 30 of them severe.
One of them, Morris says, as an example,
was "a 6-year-old who had beaten a puppy to
death with a club `because he felt like it.'"
' Had all Head Start youngsters here been
screened, some experts feel, 500 cases would
have been found.
To get its workers into the schools and the
homes instead of concentrating on psycho-
logical testing downtotvn, school officials
asked for an additional staff of 71 in the
1966-67 budget for the pupil appraisal serv-
ice. This, they estimated, would produce
four full teams of psychiatrists, psycholo-
gists, and social workas?with each team
serving 36,000 students.
Budget cutters in the District Building
chopped the request down to 22 new posi-
tions. School officials have asked the District
Commissioners to come to the rescue.
Dr. Grant seems to be faring somewhat
better at his end. Next month he hopes to
start a child-care unit at the new Commu-
nity Health Center on the grounds of the Dis-
riot of Columbia General Hospital. Funds
are available, but other health workers have
been using the space, with only four child
guidance workers squeezed in.
When the others move out, a full-fledged
day-care program with a staff of 19 will be
started almost immediately, Dr. Grant said.
A 20-bed residential treatment center pro-
viding round-the-clock care for more serious
disturbed youngsters should be ready next
spring. By then, he hopes, a special school
for both day-care patients and those needing
full-time attention will be in operation.
After that, Dr. Grant has a $50,000 request
riding in the new budget to start a program
for mentally retarded youngsters. The Cen-
ter's staff also will work with families and
teachers of youngsters who may need only an
occasional visit.
But that's just a beginning. Located in
an old, refurbished building, the Center is
designed to take care only of the central
chunk of the city, including some 241,000
rest lents. Dr. Grant hopes to set up three
others.
"These services we are proposing for the
emotionally disturbed are practically non-
existent," he says. "You can hardly get them
around Washington even if you want them
privately."
But the Health Department can't do it all.
It's likely to wind up concentrating on the
most serious cases, such as the 11-year-old
boy recently found sleeping with dogs, and
the 6-year-old who killed one. The School
Board's request for beefing up its own staff
at least deserves to get out of the District
Building intact. It's bad arithmetic to save
money on "little problems" and pretend they
won't get bigger.
REPORT ON THE 89TH CONGRESS
(Mr. GONZALEZ was granted permis-
sion to extend his remarks at this point
in the RECORD and to include extraneous
matter.)
Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, a gen-
eration from now, the. 89th Congress will
be remembered as one of the greatest of
all meetings of this legislative body.
This Congress has provided measures
whose full impact may not be felt for
years to come; it has enacted laws that
will benefit every segment of society,
laws that will ultimately bring the Amer-
ican dream closer to full fruition. I
have been proud of the achievements of
this Congress, and believe that the coun-
try will be well pleased with the reports
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
_
27582 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? HOUSE October 22t16
that Members will take home at the
end of the session, for we have responded
to the clear mandate given in last No-
vember's historic election, when reaction
was abandoned for reality by the over-
whelming majority of voters.
This Nation, as the premier power of
the world, is involved in an inextricable
manner with the affairs of the world; any
major event that takes place in almost
any country in the world affects our in-
terests in one way or another, and vir-
tually every major event in this country
affects in one way or another the vital
interests of practically every other power
in the world, both great and small. The
leadership offered by our President in
conducting the intricate foreign affairs
of the United States has been excellent,
and I believe that our people are confi-
dent that his wisdom will continue to
steer a safe course for the United States
in these perilous times. Thanks to his
leadership, our world position is safe,
and we are safe, and I pray that matters
will continue to remain so; I know that
under President Johnson's hand they
will.
If these times are notable for foreign
affairs, that is the inevitable concom-
itant of world leadership. But for many
years, while we have been overwhelm-
ingly concerned about foreign affairs, we
have paid too little heed and too little
attention to our domestic affairs; this
session of Congress is historic because in
these past months we have enacted do-
mestic programs that have been called
for and needed and debated for years,
but never acted upon until now.
The programs of this Congress affect
every sphere:
DEFENSE AND NATIONAL SECURITY
This Congress has been unstinting in
Its support of a Defense budget that will
continue to strengthen our military
power and enable us to meet threats of
whatever scale, in any place in the world.
We will spend better than $46 billion in
this fiscal year for the Armed Forces; and
we will spend $21/2 billion for atomic
power research, development and con-
struction. To care for the veterans of
past wars, we are providing new facilities
and programs, and these facilities and
programs will accrue to the benefit of vet-
erans of the twilight wars we are pres-
ently engaged in, and for the unknown
engagements that we may be called upon
to participate in the future. Veterans
programs will consume $51/2 billion this
fiscal year; and this will include some
$800,000 for the planning of a new, ad-
vanced veterans hospital to be built in
my district. That new hospital will meet
the needs of 700 patients, and will pro-
vide general medical and surgical care,
and psychiatric care for the veterans of
south Texas.
San Antonio and Bexar County house
a gigantic military complex; I am proud
that my district plays a vital role in na-
tional defense. It has traditionally had
a strong military interest and influence,
that continues today as it did in 1718.
San Antonio contributes mightily to
our national defense and security, and I
am proud to report that this mighty
complex has been maintained in full op-
eration by this Congress.
The great achievements of this Con-
gress lie in the field of new legislation,
however, and I am proud to be among
the authors of this grand effort to im-
prove the quality of life in America.
DOMESTIC AFFAIRS
Laws enacted this year include exten-
sive revision of the Social Security Act;
new measures in education, in civil
rights, in fiscal policy, in urban affairs,
in beautification and conservation, in
immigration and in economic oppor-
tunity.
THE TAX CUT
Last year, for the first time, Congress
voted to reduce income taxes, even
though the Federal budget was running
a deficit; the reasoning was that the tax
cut would spur the economy to new
growth, with the ultimate result that
Federal receipts would increase. The
policy paid off; Federal receipts in 1965
were $2 billion above what they had been
in 1964, although the tax cut had reduced
taxation by $11 billion. The gross na-
tional product is now expanding at 71/2
percent annually?the best growth rate
in years; and 72 million Americans are
fully employed. There is still unemploy-
ment in the land, but the growth of the
economy promises improvements in the
days to come.
This year, the excise taxes imposed by
the Federal Government were cut by $4.6
billion, and the bulk of that tax reduc-
tion has been passed on to consumers,
and has resulted in the continued ex-
pansion and upsurge in our economy.
Times are good, and getting better for
all of us, doomsayers and gloomers not-
withstanding. I have confidence in the
strength of the economy, and am proud
to have supported the fiscal policy that
has helped to make our prosperity pos-
sible.
THE WAR ON POVERTY
Even if times have never been better,
there are still those who suffer; and in
San Antonio there are about 120,000 per-
sons who live in families that have an-
nual incomes of less than $3,000
annually. Because there is deprivation
in the midst of prosperity, and because
human needs must be met, and because
we do not believe that poverty is in-
evitable, we have instituted great new
programs to make economic opportuni-
ties available to all. In Bexar County
this year, thousands of people, from pre-
school youngsters in Project Head Start,
to Neighborhood Youth Corps men, to
migrant workers?all benefited from the
war on poverty. 'Youths earned money
to enable them to stay in school, and at
the same time learned job skills and the
discipline needed to stay on the job; and
pre-school-age children got the training
that they desperately needed to enable
them to have a chance to compete in the
classrooms with their more fortunate fel-
lows; and migrants began learning how
to live better, and perhaps to break out
of the cycle of misery in which they are
captured. Job Corps men are learning
skills and becoming productive citizens.
All told, the war on poverty will spend
$2,600,000 or more in Bexar County by
the end of this fiscal year. The benefi-
ciaries include the whole community.
Just as we in the sixties are the benefi-
ciaries of the depression programs of 30
years ago, so will these people be the
beneficiaries tomorrow of what is being
done now; and the whole country will be
better off for having given them a chance
to win in life.
EDUCATION
The surest way to maintain our na-
tional strength is to develop as fully as
possible our greatest single resource--
our people. Education is the key to the
future, and this Congress has supported
education through a wide range of new
legislation. The Elementary and Sec-
ondary Education Act of 1965 will pour
some $2 million into impoverished
schools in Bexar County this year, so
that every child can get a good educa-
tion, even though his parents may live
in a poor neighborhood. The schools of
my district will benefit through older Pro-
grams, as well, like the Federal impact
money of Public Laws 815 and 874, which
provide millions to our schools every
year. College dormitories, classrooms,
and laboratories are constructed through
loans and grants; research is supported;
scholars are helped by grants and loans;
and students who are working their way
through higher education are helped by
the work-study program. The educa-
tional programs enacted by this and
preceding Congresses have helped to in-
sure the future of all our citizens, and I
am certain that the quality of schools in
San Antonio would be much less than it
Is now, were it not for this legislation,
and that a great many students are be-
ing helped today who might not other-
wise have ever had the chance to gain
a complete education. I believe that
everyone should have a full opportunity
to absorb as much knowledge as he can?
and I am proud to have supported meas-
ures that will help make this possible.
MEDICARE
If we must see that our youth are pre-
pared for tomorrow, we must also see to
the needs of your parents, who after all
have left us with the heritage that we
enjoy; they should not be deprived of a
decent life, after what they have done
for us. This year, Congress has passed
a measure that will prevent our parents
from having to fear financial disaster
from the diseases that plague us all, but
more especially those who are more than
65 years of age.
Social security recipients this year
were given a 7-percent increase in their
benefits; this will aid them in keeping
up with the rising cost of living, and help
them maintain independence in their
postemployment days. But most impor-
tant to them, and to their families, is
medical care provided under social se-
curity.
Soon, anyone covered by social secu-
rity, who is receiving pension benefits,
will be able to enter the hospital for 90
days at a time, or receive 180 days of
nursing home care. Hospital bills will
be paid in full after the first $40; and
certain hospital service will also be coy-
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
few days of the new session for considera-
tion by the Senate. I strongly urge, on
behalf of my colleague [Mr. SMATHERS],
and myself, that the majority leader fol-
low that course, because rather heavy in-
terest rates on the bond issue which are
outstanding will continue to accumulate
while this matter awaits decision.
I trust that it is the intention of the
Senator from Montana to call up this bill
early in the session.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
have discussed this matter with the dis-
tinguished Senators from Florida, [Mr.
HOLLAND and Mr. SMATHERS] and also
with the distinguished Senator from
Delaware [Mr. WILLIAMS] and the dis-
tinguished Senator from Ohio [Mr.
LAUSCHE] as well as the distinguished
Senator from Tennessee [Mr. BASS]. I
assure the Senators from Florida that I
shall be most happy to see that the meas-
ure covering this most worthwhile project
In Dade County will be brought up as
soon as possible after the Senate con-
venes for its second session next January.
Mr. HOLLAND. On behalf of my col-
league Mr. SMATHERS and myself, I
thank the majority leader warmly. I
see the minority leader, the Senator from
Illinois [Mr. DIRKSEN] concurring, ap-
parently, in this intent, and I certainly
appreciate the cooperation which we
have received today from both leaders.
Mr. MANSFIELD. I anticipate with-
out question that the Senator from
Delaware [Mr. WILLIAMS] and the Sen-
ator from Ohio [Mr. LAUSCHE] will not
be averse to bringing the bill up at that
time.
Mr. BASS. Mr. President, will the
Senator from Montana yield?
Mr. MANSFIELD. I am glad to yield
to the Senator from Tennessee.
Mr. BASS. I appreciate, on behalf of
the majority leader, at 15 minutes after
midnight on the eve of adjournment, his
making this commitment, because I be-
lieve this is a worthy project, and I
know that the majority leader can be
depended upon to do exactly what he
says he will do.
Mr. MANSFIELD. The Senator from
Tennessee has been in the Chamber for
several hours and has been participating
in debate and I am therefore delighted
to have his support at this time.
THE SUGAR PROGRAM
Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. President, will
the Senator from Montana yield?
Mr. MANSFIELD. I yield.
Mr. MoCARTHY. Mr. President, I
presume that many Senators will not
read again the RECORD made tonight. I
hope that those who may be concerned
about what was accomplished in the con-
ference report will go back and read
what the Senator from Louisiana [Mr.
LONG] had to say when the Senate was
considering the sugar program, and
what he had to say about what an im-
provement the work of the committee
was over the other formula proposed,
and how wisely and prudently we had
examined the problem.
Also, I hope that they will read the re-
marks made about the House bill?about
how it incorporated much of the influ-
ence of the sugar lobbyists?and about
the special virtue which was claimed for
us in the Senate because we had not lis-
tened to them. And then I hope that
they will look at what the conference
agreed to, and judge how close they came
to accepting not what was indicated
here, but what the lobbyists had wanted.
Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President,
will the Senator from Montana yield?
Mr. MANSFIELD. I yield.
Mr. SYMINGTON. I should like to
associate myself with the remarks of the
distinguished Senator from Minnesota.
It happens that I come from a State
which was assured that if it could pro-
duce the proper beet, it would be consid-
ered for part of the sugar program of
the United States.
After spending a great many hundreds
of thousands of dollars to produce the
proper beet in a country which was in an
unfortunate situation because of the
present condition of cotton, in one crop
area of my State, we were not even given
the back of the hand by those who con-
trol the sugar industry.
ESTABLISHMENT OF DATE OF
2D SESSION OF 89TH CONGRESS'
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask that the Chair lay before the Senate
House Joint Resolution 788.
The PRESIDING OFFICER laid be-
fore the Senate the joint resolution (H.J.
Res. 788) to establish the date of the sec-
ond regular session of the 89th Congress,
which was read the first time by its title
and the second time at length, as fol-
lows:
Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep-
resentatives of the United States of America
in Congress assembled, That the second regu-
lar session of the Eighty-ninth Congress shall
begin at noon on Monday, January 10, 1966.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent for the immedi-
ate consideration of the joint resolution.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection to the present consideration of
the joint resolution?
There being no objection, the joint res-
olution (H.J. Res. 788) was considered,
ordered to a third reading, read the third
time, and passed.
AUTHORITY FOR THE PRESIDENT
OF THE SENATE TO MAKE AP-
POINTMENTS TO COMMISSIONS
AND COMMITTEES
Mr. MANSFIELD submitted the fol-
lowing resolution (S. Res. 161), which
was considered by unanimous consent
and agreed to as follows:
Resolved, That, notwithstanding the final
adjournment of the present session of the
Congress, the President of the Senate be, and
he is hereby, authorized to make appoint-
ments to commissions or committees author-
ized by law, by concurrent action of the two
Houses, or by order of the Senate.
TRIBUTE TO SENATOR ANDERSON
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, the
great Southwest has produced many out-
standing men, but none of greater stature
27527
than the senior Senator from New Mex-
ico [Mr. ANDERSON]. His has been an
exemplary record of public service and
personal accomplishment. Over the
years, he has worked tirelessly in behalf
of his State and the Nation. A great
many major legislative works have borne
the stamp of his intellect and humanity.
Not the least of these is the so-called
medicare bill enacted earlier this year
by the 89th Congress. That monumen-
tal work, although one of the greatest
of his accomplishments, represents but
one milestone in the professional life of
the senior Senator from New Mexico.
Tomorrow, Senator ANDERSON will
mark an important milestone in his per-
sonal life. On that occasion, Mr. Presi-
dent, he will celebrate his 70th birthday.
I regret that I cannot offer him my
congratulations personally since he is not
in the city at this time. But I did want
to affirm on this occasion the high value
that I place on his friendship and coun-
sel. And I did not want the day to go
by without assuring him of the affection
of all of the Members of this body. We
join with his family and friends in wish-
ing him many happy returns of the day.
PORT ON SOUTHEAST ASIA
BY SUBCOMMITTEE OF SENATE
ARMED SERVICES COMMITTEE
Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. President?
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senator from Illinois is recognized.
Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President, will
the Senator from Illinois yield? '
Mr. DIRKSEN. I am glad to yield to
the Senator from Missouri.
Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. President, I
should like to refer to a brief report that
the Subcommittee of the Senate Armed
Services Committee, presided over by the
distinguished Senator from Nevada [Mr.
CANNON], and also accompanied by the
distinguished junior Senator from Ohio
[Mr. YOUNG] and the distinguished sen-
ior Senator from Maryland [Mr. BREW-
STER] have filed an interesting and con-
structive report as a result of the trip to
southeast Asia, primarily to Korea and
South Vietnam.
? Unfortunately, this report cannot be
made a part of the RECORD, because it is
classified; but all those who are privileged
to read it, as I have been, I am sure will
find it of great interest, because, in my
opinion, and I am sure that of the other
members of the Armed Services Commit-
tee, it is a significant contribution to an
understanding of the problems that face
us in that part of the world today.
AUTHORITY TO SIGN ENROLLED
BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS
Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. President, I sub-
mit a concurrent resolution, and ask for
its immediate consideration.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The con-
current resolution will be read by the
clerk.
The legislative clerk read the concur-
rent resolution (H. Con. Res. 528) as fol-
lows:
Resolved by the House of Representatives
(the Senate concurring), That notwithstand-
ing the sine die adjournment of the two
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67B06446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
27528 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE October 22, 1965
Houses, the Speaker of the House of Repre-
sentatives and the President of the Senate
be, and they are hereby, authorized to sign
enrolled bills and joint resolutions duly
passed by the two Houses and found truly
enrolled.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection to the present consideration
of the concurrent resolution?
There being no objection, the concur-
rent resolution was considered and agreed
to.
PERSONAL STATEMENT BY
SENATOR MORSE
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I want
the RECORD to show that the senior Sena-
tor from Oregon votes against the res-
olution for a sine die adjournment. As
I have said in recent weeks. I think it
is inexcusable for Congress to adjourn
sine die when our boys are dying in
Vietnam. I think we should remain in
session as a check. We should remain
in session to check this administration
while we are engaged in an unconstitu-
tional war in southeast Asia.
THANKS OF THE SENATE TO THE
VICE PRESIDENT
Mr, MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
send a resolution to the desk, and ask
unanimous consent for its present con-
sideration.
The PRESIDING OloviCER. The
resolution will be read.
The resolution (S. Res. 162) was read
by the legislative clerk, as follows:
Resolved, That the thanks of the Senate
are hereby tendered to the Honorable HUBERT
H. HUNIPHREY, Vice President of the United
States and President of the Senate, for the
courteous, dignified, and impartial manner
in which he has presided over its delibera-
tions during the first session of the Eighty-
ninth Congress.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection to the present consideration of
the resolution?
There being no objection, the resolu-
tio:n was considered and agreed to.
THANKS OF THE SENATE, TO THE
PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
send to the desk another resolution, and
ask for its immediate consideration.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
resolution will be read.
The resolution (S. Res. 163) was read
by the legislative clerk, as follows:
Resolved, That the thanks of the Senate
are hereby tendered to the Honorable CARL
HAYDEN, President pro tempore of the Sen-
ate, for the courteous, dignified, and impar-
tial manner in which he has presided over its
deliberations during the 1st session of the
89th Congress.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection to the present consideration of
the resolution?
There being no objection, the resolu-
tion was considered and agreed to. '
THANKS OF THE SENATE, TO THE
ACTING PRESIDENT PRO TEM-
PORE
Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. President, I sub-
mit a resolution, and ask for its imme-
diate consideration.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
resolution will be stated.
The legislative clerk read the resolu-
tion (S. Res. 164) as follows:
Resolved, That the thanks of the Senate
are hereby tendered to the Honorable LEE
METCALF, Acting President pro tempore of
the Senate, for the courteous, dignified, and
impartial manner in which he has presided
over its deliberations during the first ses-
sion of the Eighty-ninth Congress.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there
objection to the present consideration of
the resolution?
There being no objection, the resolu-
tion was considered and agreed to.
NOTIFICATION TO THE PRESIDENT
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, with
the permission of the Senate, I suggest
the absence of a quorum, so the dis-
tinguished minority leader and I may
get in touch with the President.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll.
Mr. BASS. Mr. President, I ask unani-
mous consent that the order for the
quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING Ovee.CER (Mr.
BYRD of West Virginia in the chair) .
Without objection, it is so ordered.
MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senate will receive a message from the
House of Representatives.
A message from the House of Repre-
sentatives, by Mr. Hackney, one of its
reading clerks, announced that the
House had agreed to the amendment of
the Senate to the concurrent resolution
(H. Con. Res. 527) providing for ad-
journment sine die of the 1st session,
89th Congress.
Mr. BASS. Mr. President, I suggest
the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that the order
for the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. With-
out objection, it is so ordered.
REPORT OF COMMITTEE TO
NOTIFY THE PRESIDENT
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President,
from the committee appointed to notify
the President of the United States that
the Congress had completed its business
and was ready to adjourn unless he had
further communications to make to
them, I report that the committee has
performed that duty, and the President
has informed us that he has no further
communications to make to the Congress
at this session.
LETTER OF COMMENDATION FROM
THE PRESIDENT
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
would like to read to the Senate a letter
received this evening from the President
of the United States.
It reads as follows:
THE WHITE HousE,
Washington, D.C., October 22, 1965.
Hon. MIKE MANSFIELD,
Majority Leader,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MANSFIELD: As you know, I
have stated publicly my firm belief that the
1st session of the 89th Congress will be re-
corded as the greatest session of Congress in
the history of our Nation. To that state-
ment I would now like to add my own per-
sonal thanks to you for the major part you
played in making that record possible. You
have earned the gratitude not only of your
President, but what is more important, of
the entire Nation as well.
This session of the Congress passed 86 ma-
jor administration measures, but there were
other important items on which the Congress
did not complete action.
The final record of this Congress is un-
usually productive. The big job that remains
before us Is to make certain that what Con-
gress has passed will be carried forward effi-
ciently, with dispatch, and with economy
and good judgment. The unfinished work on
our agenda will be our first task in the next
session of this enlightened and progressive
Congress.
Again, the gratitude of the Nation and the
President goes to each Member who made his
contribution to this record. What you have
done will find a shining residence in the his-
tory books.
Sincerely,
LYNDON B. JOHNSON.
TRIBUTE TO THE MINORITY
LEADER, SENATE, AND SENATE
STAFFS
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, be-
fore I make the motion to adjourn sine
die, I would like to express my personal
gratitude and thanks to the distin-
guished minority leader for the coopera-
tion, understanding, and tolerance that
he has shown; to all Senators, both
Democrats and Republicans, who have
performed so well and so effectively; to
the staffs, who have supplied us with
information and counsel as it was
needed; to the pages who have per-
formed so efficiently and effectively; and,
for that matter, to everyone, because
I feel that I owe to all a debt of grati-
tude which I find hard to express in
words.
AUTHORIZATION FOR INSERTIONS
IN RECORD FOLLOWING AD-
JOUF,NMENT
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that Senators
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP671300446R000300140002-2
October 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
dependents. This, of course, is exactly what
the zealous handful wants. But, I am hope-
ful that the vast majority of Republicans
who oppose these antics will stay and fight.
Mr. Gatchell, unless Republicans are will-
ing to welcome to their ranks men and
women of good will from all walks of life, of
all races, and of all religions and creeds, then
they will not secure a majority to permit
them to assume the responsibilities of gov-
ernment and they will not deserve to assume
those responsibilities. In enclose some com-
ments which I have made on the future of
the party, as well as on the antics of the
extremists of the left and of the right which
I hope you will find of interest. I also en-
close an exchange of correspondence with a
Republican assembly unit in our State
which, similar to other groups in the Re-
publican Party in California, seems to spend
mire of its time attacking Republican office-
holders, in this case Senator DIRKSEN, than
in working to promote what the Republican
Party has historically stood for. So I hope,
Mr. Gatchell, that you will but look around
you and I think the answers you seek in
your letter to me will become self-evident.
With kindest regards.
Sincerely yours,
THOMAS H. Kucnza, U.S. Senator.
ORANGE COUNTY
YOUNG REPUBLICANS,
Orange, Calif October 4, 1965.
Senator THOMAS KUCHEL,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: The Orange County Young
Republicans will support your charge of neo-
Fascist influences in the Republican Party
as you can see by the enclosed copy of the
resolution which was passed at our last meet-
ing. Please send us the information you
have on this Fascist influence.
Resolution passed by Orange County Young
Republicans:
"Whereas, Senator KUCHEL, on a number
of occasions in the past, has made reference
to Fascist influences in his party; and
"Whereas in Senator KUCHEL'S recent
withdrawal speech he again mentioned neo-
Fascist influences, and again failed to cite
specific instances of such neo-Fascists having
sucessfully penetrated the party; and
,"Whereas such charges, unless proven, do
great harm to the Republican Party, and play
into the hands of the Democrat propagan-
dists: Be it
"Resolved, That the Orange County Young
Republicans share Senator Kuciaza's con-
cern, provided that he has information re-
garding neo-Fascist influences, and call upon
Senator KUCHEL to publicly disclose any in-
formation he has in his possession."
Thank you for your prompt attention to
this matter. We will appreciate hearing from
you.
Sincerely,
ORANGE COUNTY YOUNG REPUBLICANS,
CLAY GATCHELL, County Chairman.
JULY 27, 1965.
Miss MARTHA WEBER,
Secretary, Garden Grove Republican As-
sembly, Post Office Box 644, Garden
Grove, Calif.
DEAR MISS WEBER: I have your resolution
of June 7, 1965, requesting the Republican
senatorial caucus "to remove Senator EVERETT
M. Disitszx from his position as Senate mi-
nority leader and replace him with a true
Republican who will support the principles
and platform of the 1964 Republican National
Convention and restore the time-honored
two-party system to our Nation."
You charge Senator DIRKSEN SS support-
ing "Democrat-proposed legislation" and
thus robbing the "rank-and-file Republican
of the very principles upon which our party
was founded."
Your charge and your resolution are sheer
poppycock. I sometimes wonder about self-
styled Republicans who put unnamed prin-
ciples ahead of what is good for their country
and accuse everybody who disagrees with
their unnamed principles of being Socialists,
Communists, and everything else. I think
the members of the Garden Grove Repub-
lican Assembly prior to passing such an ab-
surd resolution would do well to spend a
little time in studying the history of the
Republican Party of the last century
from the time of Lincoln through Theodore
Roosevelt and Dwight D. Eisenhower.
EVERETT MCKINLEY DIRKSEN personifies that
history. It is a history dedicated to indi-
vidual freedom, to equality of opportunity,
to a vigorous Federal system and states re-
sponsibilities not merely states rights, to an
economic climate in which the private sector
of our economy can grow and prosper, and to
unselfish patriotism in the conduct of our
foreign affairs.
On the great issues of our time, all of which
were endorsed by the 1960 Republican Plat-
form, which I commend to your group for a
very careful reading, EVERETT MCKINLEY
DIRKSEN, the Republican leader, BOURKE B.
HICKENLOOPER, the chairman of the Repub-
lican Policy Committee, LEVERETT SALTON-
STALL, the chairman of the Senate Repub-
lican Conference, and myself as assistant
Republican leader, were united 100 percent
with a majority of Republican Senators in
our support for that platform and these is-
sues. These issues included support for the
United Nations, the establishment of the
Arms Control Agency whose inception oc-
curred during the last Republican adminis-
tration, ratification of the nuclear test ban
treaty, ratification of the Antarctic Treaty,
extension of educational and cultural ex-
changes, approval of our foreign aid program,
and endorsement of the Economic Coopera-
tion Agreement (OECD) concluded by the
Eisenhower administration.
I think it is time that some self-styled
Republicans decided whether they are
publicans or not and I would suggest that if
they do not agree with a majority of Repub-
lican Senators, the elected Republican leader-
ship, and the platform, which reflected 8
years of a Republican administration, that
they either ought to start studying the his-
tory of the Republican Party and what it
stands for or find themselves another home.
I enclose some comments which I have
made on the future of our party which I hope
you will find of interest.
With kindest regards,
Sincerely yours,
THOMAS H. KUCHEL,
U.S. Senator.
27431
TRIBUTE TO MRS. JOSEPH RAMSAY,
III
Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. President, I
commend the Order of Ahepa for their
resolution of appreciation to Mrs. Joseph
Ramsay, III, of Minneapolis and Mrs.
Ramsay for her generosity in providing
the care for these Greek children.
I ask unanimous consent that the reso-
lution be included in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the resolu-
tion was ordered to be printed in the
RECORD, as follows:
RESOLUTION OF 43D SUPREME CONVENTION,
ORDER OF AHEPA, ATHENS, GREECE, AUGUST
7-13, 1965
APPRECIATION TO MRS. JOSEPH RAMSAY, III
Whereas, Mrs. Joseph Gale Ramsay, III, of
Minneapolis, Minn., has taken upon herself
to bring to the United States 18 Greek chil-
dren for open heart surgery at the Univer-
sity Hospital in Minneapolis; and
Whereas Mrs. Ramsay has provided all the
necessary funds, such as transportation,
medical, hospital care, and posttherapy care
of both child and mother involved; and
Whereas Mrs. Ramsay has shown the
motherly affection, plus an unusual interest
in the welfare of the child and mother and
continues her interest in the patient and
'mother after recovery: Be it, therefore,
Resolved, That Mrs. Ramsay's humanitar-
ian deeds be recognized by this body of the
Supreme Convention of the Order of Ahepa
and a copy of this resolution be forwarded
to Mrs. Ramsay with an appropriate letter
of thanks from this convention.
GARDEN GROVE REPUBLICAN ASSEMBLY,
Garden Grove, Calif.
Whereas Senator EVERETT M. DIRKSEN is the
Republican leader in the U.S. Senate, and as
such has the responsibility of leading the
Republican Members of the Senate in oppo-
sition to the socialistic schemes put forth by
the Democrat administration; and
Whereas Senator DnucsEisi has not led his
colleagues in such opposition and has in fact
supported and voted for every administra-
tion-proposed bill and urged his fellow Re-
publican Senators to do likewise; and
Whereas Senator DIRKSEN'S support for
this Democrat-proposed legislation has
robbed the rank-and-file Republican of the
very principles upon which our party was
founded: Therefore be it
Resolved, That the Garden Grove Republi-
can Assembly request the Republican sena-
torial caucus to remove Senator EVERETT M.
DIRKSEN from his position as Senate minority
leader and replace him with a true Republi-
can who will support the principles and plat-
form of the 1964 Republican National Con-
vention and restore the time-honored two-
party system to our Nation; be it further
Resolved, That copies of this resolution be
sent to both U.S. Senators from California,
CRA State and county officers and to all lo-
cal communication media.
MARTHA WEBER Secretary.
Ju/sis 7, 1965.
STRATIONS AGAINST U.S.
POLICY IN VIETNAM
Mr. SMATHERS., Mr. President,
most thoughtful Americans have been
shocked by the activities of peaceniks
who have been burning their draft cards,
expressing open contempt for our draft
laws, and comporting themselves in a
manner which indicates their inability
to comprehend the meaning of democ-
racy and its responsibilities.
Two viewpoints have been expressed
recently on this subject that I commend
to the attention of my colleagues. One
was expressed by cartoonist Al Capp on
the NBC Monitor show of October 16.
Mr. Capp expressed in a few cogent
words the sentiments of the majority
of thinking Americans. The other view
was expressed in an editorial which ap-
peared in the Miami Herald of October
20, when writer Bert Collier drew some
parallels with the draft riots of 1863.
Inasmuch as I think every American
must bear the responsibilities of his Na-
tion in order to receive its benefits, I
commend these statements to the at-
tention of my colleagues and ask unan-
imous consent that the statement of
Al Capp and the article by Bert Collier
be inserted in the body of the RECORD
at this point.
There being no objection, the ma-
terial was ordered to be printed in the
RECORD, as follows:
[From the NBC's "Monitor," Oct. 16, 1965]
EDUCATION
(By Al Capp)
"Education" is the magic word today.
You can get bigger amounts of money faster
by using that one word than the old-fash-
ioned phrase, "Stick 'em up"?and it means
the same thing.
20-year-old who's mastered the art of
repairing automobile engines and who's of
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
27432 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- SENATE October 22, 1965
genuine use to his community?supporting
himself and paying taxes?is considered ex-
pendable enough to send to a Vietnam rice
paddy, but a 20-year-old who's taking a col-
lege course in Latvian literature is considered
too valuable a national asset to be risked.
The noncollege kid, who has learned to do
something his community needed to have
done?such as repair a carburetor or build a
house--is considered uneducated. It's his
duty to risk his life to protect the kid who
is at college learning something nobody has
any interest in but himself and which his
community can very well get along without.
He's protected by our respect for any non-
sense whatever labeled education and our
ludicrous failure to understand who are the
genuinely, usefully educated young people
among us.
In the name of education, hundreds of
thousands of young frauds, dilettantes,
poseurs, and phonys are being excused from
military service, the military service that is
compulsory for hundreds of thousands of the
sort of kids who are the true and irreplace-
able greatness of this country.
This is Al Capp, speaking to you on NBC's
"Monitor."
LINCOLN'S ANSWER STILL IS BEST?RETURN OF
BURNING ISSUE: THE DRAFT
(By Bert Collier)
The President's dismay over the growing
antidraft movement, part of the protest
against the war in Vietnam, is shared by
many Americans.
Senator Majority Leader MANSFIELD says its
promoters show a sense of utter irresponsi-
bility. Minority Leader DIRKSEN says it is
enough to make any person loyal to his coun-
try weep.
The FBI has begun an investigation of
possible Communist influence behind the
campaign whose leaders now say It will be
extended to include high school students.
it is deplorable but it has happened be-
fore. The Civil War draft was also the target
of protest, and resulted in one of the
bloodiest riots in the history of the country.
The New York riots of July 13-15, 1863,
were, however, a vastly different matter from
the public burning of draft cards today.
The draft of that day was full of loopholes
that favored the rich and politically influen-
tial. Draftees could buy exemption for 8300.
They Would hire substitutes to take their
place. They could get their names dropped
if they knew the right people.
Of 294,441 men whose names were drawn
from the lottery wheel, only 88,170 survived
the original elimination. Of these, 52,288
paid the Government $15,686,400 for exemp-
tions. Another 26,002 hired stand-ins. Only
9,680 were left who "either lacked political
Pull or seemed to want to join the Army and
light" as Abe Lincoln recalled.
These inequities were partly responsible for
the New York riots. But there was also a
driving force that was never fully identi-
fied. Carl Sandburg, in his biography of
Lincoln, says:
"The mobs were not driven in their work
by blind wrath. Somebody had done some
thinking, somebody had chosen a time when
all the State guards the Governor could
scrape together had gone to Gettysburg. The
only organized force against the first riots
was a police department of 1,500 members.
With club and revolver they had fought
night and day and their dead lay in scores,
their wounded by the inendreds."
The riots began on the very day Presi-
dent Lincoln issued a proclamation of
thanksgiving for successes in the war. "It
has pleased Almiglaty God to harken to the
supplication and prayers of an afflicted peo-
ple," said the President, "and to vouchsafe
to the Army and Navy victories on land and
on the sea so signal and effective as to fur-
nish reasonable ground for augmented con-
fidence."
As if on that signal the mobs gathered in
in vacant lots, "with clubs, staves, cart rungs,
pieces of iron, and moved as if by agree-
ment to a lot near Central Park."
They attacked draft offices and police in-
stallations, killed and beat casual passers-
by. They burned and sacked the home of
the mayor and postmaster. They burned
ferry houses, drug and clothing stores, fac-
tories, saloons, churches, missions and or-
phanages. One gang drove police and armed
guards from the State arsenal and seized
weapons.
But, as usually happens, criminals and
organized gangs moved in and took over.
The draft riots turned to simple looting and
senseless destruction.
President Lincoln prepared an appeal to
the mobs, but withheld it when he realized it
was too late to urge reason. Instead he
scraped up what troops were available. The
first contingents were forced to fire on riot-
ers, killing and wounding scores. To fright-
ened officials who demanded that Lincoln
suspend the draft, the embattled President
replied that the foundation of free govern-
ment was at stake and must be preserved at
all cost.
The riots were ended, although at the ter-
rific cost in lives estimated between 400 and
2,000. The draft continued, the armies were
filled out, and the Union was preserved.
Long after, Lincoln's reasoned appeal that
was not issued came to light. It is still one
of the best explanations of why a nation in
peril has to find the manpower it needs for
the security of all the people.
"There can be no army without men," said
Mr. Lincoln. "Men can be had voluntarily
or involuntarily. If you declare that men
can still be had voluntarily in sufficient num-
bers, prove the assertion by yourselves volun-
teering in such numbers, and I shall gladly
give up the draft.
"Or if not a sufficient number, but any one
of you will volunteer, and will thereby do
only what each one of at least 1 million of
his manly brethren have already done. Their
toil and blood have been given as much for
you as for themselves. Shall it be lost rather
than that you, too, will bear your part?"
It was written a hundred years ago but it
could still apply to those who burn their
draft cards before television cameras and
publicly declare they will not fulfill their
obligations as Americans even if their coun-
try is shamed by defeat.
TRIBUTE TO GEORGE A. PARKER
Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, George A.
Parker, a lifelong Washington Repub-
lican worker and the only Negro member
of the platform committee at last year's
Republican Convention in San Francisco,
died this past Wednesday of a cerebral
hemorrhage. I knew and admired Mr.
Parker, and he had my full support when
he challenged the then Senator Gold-
water in the platform committee, on
which I also served, on the issue of civil
rights.
I ask unanimous consent to have in-
serted in the RECORD a portion of a story
concerning Mr. Parker which appeared
in yesterday's Washington Post.
There being no objection, the excerpt
from the article was ordered to be
printed in the RECORD, as follows:
GOLDWATER CHALLENGER GEORGE A. PARKER
DIES
George A. Parker, lifelong Washington Re-
publican worker and founder of the old
Robert H. Terrell Law School, died yester-
day at Freedmen's Hospital after a cerebral
hemorrhage. He was 79.
Mr. Parker achieved national prominence
at the 1964 Republican National Conven-
tion in San Francisco when he openly chal-
lenged candidate Barry Goldwater about his
New York. Draftees and friends asse_mbled stand on civil rights. The report is as follows:
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP671300446R000300140002-2
Mr. Parker, the only Negro member of the
platform committee, asked Goldwater, "How,
if elected, could you use the power and
prestige of the office to enforce the civil
rights bill?"
Goldwater said his honesty was being
questioned and Mr. Parker replied, "I am
not questioning your integrity. I am ques-
tioning your frankness."
After the convention, Mr. Parker, who
also had been a delegate to the 1944 and
1948 Republican conventions, helped form
a splinter movement away from Goldwater.
He served as vice chairman of the District
of Columbia Committee for Forward Look-
ing Republicans. He was also a member
of the Republican State Central Committee
and a director of the Lincoln Republican
Club of the District of Columbia.
Edward Burling, Jr., chairman of the
Forward Looking Republicans, said last
night: "He was always a leader. He was a
man with vision and courage--a man of
dignity and conviction?and with all, a lov-
able, gentle man. I was proud to call him
friend. We all will mourn his passing, but
we know Washington is a better place for
his having lived here."
Mr. Parker's son, Barrington D, Parker,
who was also his law partner, said his
father had remained a Republican at a time
when many Negroes had drifted away from
the party.
His son said that Mr. Parker was proud of
the mark that graduates of the Robert H.
Terrell Law School had made in Washington
life. The school was an evening training
ground for Negro lawyers from 1931 to 1951.
Among graduates of the school are Gen-
eral Sessions Court Judge Austin L. Pickling,
District of Columbia Commissioner John B.
Duncan, and Recorder of Deeds Peter Ridley.
Mn. Parker was a graduate of the old M
Street High School, now Dunbar. He re-
ceived a bachelor of divinity and a bachelor's
degree in law from Howard University. While
in school he worked as a mail carrier for the
old Georgetown Post Office. He opened his
first law office on M Street in Georgetown
near Key Bridge.
Mr. Parker practiced law until his death.
He was for a time the assistant minister
of the 19th Street Baptist Church.
Mr. Parker was a former national presi-
dent of the Howard University Alumni As-
sociation, former national president of the
Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, former president
of the Washington Bar Assodlation and
former president of the Federation of Parent
Teachers Associations of District of Colum-
bia.
He is survived by his wife, Emma A., of
the home address at 1504 Varnum Street NW.;
two sons, Barrington D. of 4919 16th Street
NW. and Sherman E. of Louisville, Ky.; a
daughter, Mrs. George Thomas, 4604 Kane
place NE., two brothers, William, of Kansas
City, Kans., and John C., of 4616 Clay Street
NE.; two grandsons and an aunt, Maggie
Iverson of 1226 0 Street NE.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MINORITY
LEADER
Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. President, near
the conclusion of each session of the
Congress it is customary for each party
floor leader to place in the CONGRESSIONAL
RECORD his observations and comments
on the activities of the Congress for the
past year, and I ask unanimous consent
that this be placed in the body of the
RECORD at the conclusion of my remarks
and the customary number of copies be
printed as a Senate document according
to the rules.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. Is there objection? The Chair
hears none, and it is so ordered.
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
s.
October 22, 1965
such as Gen. Mariano Vallejo, last Mexi-
can military commandant of northern
California; Leland Stanford, Governor,
Senator and founder of Stanford Uni-
versity; Senator George Hearst, finan-
cier, publisher, and father of William
Randolph Hearst; Senator James G.
Fair and Judge John A. Stanly were
proud producers of California wines.
With the completion of the first trans-
continental railroad in 1869, California
wines were shipped throughout the
United States, and shortly thereafter
were being exported. Before the turn
of the century, California wines were
winning awards in international compe-
titions in this country and Europe.
By the beginning of World War I,
grapes and wine in California were val-
ued at $150 million. There were 330,000
acres of vineyards representing a land
value of $66 million. The war, 14 years
of prohibition, and World War II first
cut back the industry, then limited
growth, but wine production now is
larger and growing faster than ever.
The California grape and wine indus-
try represents an investment of more
than $700 million. It has a peak em-
ployment each year of more than 110,000
persons, and is currently paying more
than $75 million in excise taxes at the
Federal and State levels.
California's half-million acres of vine-
yards produce an annual return to farm-
ers of approximately $177 million. An
average of more than 180 million gal-
lons of wine is produced by more than
230 bonded wineries and wine cellars.
Approximately 80 percent of American
wine is made in California.
The wines of California are grown in
nine districts, four of which surround
San Francisco, wine capital of America.
They are the Sonoma-Mendocino, Napa
Valley-Solano, Livermore Valley-Ala-
meda and Santa Clara-San Benito dis-
tricts. These relatively cool parts of the
San Francisco Bay area are noted for
red and white dinner wines and spark-
ling wines.
Just south of Santa Clara is the Santa
Cruz-Monterey wine district. To the
east, the Lodi district is the beginning
of the central valley area which pro-
duces particularly fine dessert arid ap-
petizer wines. Below Lodi are the
Modesto-Ripon-Escalon and Fresno-San
Joaquin-Kern districts. Farthest south
Is the Cucamonga District, in a volley
just east of Los Angeles. New grapes and
techniques make it possible for vintners
In these warmer areas to produce qual-
ity dinner wines in addition to their fa-
mous sweet wines and brandies.
More and more Americans are learn-
ing the pleasures of these wines of which
California vintners have been so proud
for eight generations?wines that have
proven their quality in comparative
tastings against more expensive foreign
counterparts.
Win President, the California wine in-
dustry can indeed look ahead to a bright
future as the citizens across our Nation
and our friends in foreign countries more
and more discover the quality of wine
produced in the Golden State. Califor-
nia's wine is unexcelled anywhere. So
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
with these thoughts in mind it is my
pleasure to join my senior colleague Sen-
ator Korn 1. in saluting National Wine
We s' ?ber 23-30, 1965.
PRIME MINISTER KY OF VIETNAM
Mr. DODD. Mr. President, when Air
Vice Marshal Nguyen Can Ky took over
as Prime Minister of Vietnam earlier this
year, there were many who expressed
grave doubts about the ability of this
dashing young soldier to convert himself
Into the statesman-leader which Vietnam
so desperately needs in this hour of
crisis. No one doubted his intelligence
and dedication or his courage. Their
doubts were, rather, founded on his
youth, his lack of political experience,
and the fact that he was a military man
rather than a civilian.
I therefore think it important to note
that many of those on the spot who were
skeptical about Ky as Prime Minister,
are now beginning to have second
thoughts and that some of them even
concede the possibility that Ky may be
the revolutionary leader the South Viet-
namese people have been looking for.
On October 1, 1965, Prime Minister Ky
made a remarkable speech, which in my
opinion did not receive anything like the
attention it merited.
I would like to quote a few paragraphs
from this speech to my colleagues:
After reviewing the situation I now present
our policies for waging the revolutionary
struggle and for building peace.
We must ask ourselves, what the real
character of the peace is which we are fight-
ing to achieve, what kind of a society we
must build. We must have a clear concep-
tion of the future of our country and not
merely worry about the coming hundred
days. We have to think about the thousand
days ahead.
During the next 1,000 days this land will
have to be completely controlled by free men.
We want to decide everything ourselves, to
have friendly relations with neighboring
countries to live peacefully in the country
which we have inherited from our fathers, in
a nation where there is justice, on a land
which is governed by men of integrity whose
only ambition is to serve the people honestly
and efficiently.
The revolution which we are determined to
carry out is a social revolution. Therefore
in the next 1,000 days we have to create a big
change in every field of activity of the peo-
ple. We have to create a new life in the
countryside, a new life in the cities, a promis-
ing new life.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent to insert into the RECORD at the con-
clusion of my remarks the complete text
of Prime Minister Ky's speech of October
1, 1965.
There being no objection, the speech
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
SPEECH By ATR VICE MARSHAL NGUYEN CAO
KY, PRIME MINISTER OF THE REPUBLIC OF
VIETNAM
My fellow Vietnamese, my comrades in
arms, the June 14, 1965, declaration of the
armed forces clearly stated the reasons why
the armed forces had to accept once again,
the responsibility of leading the nation.
"Together," the declaration said, "we will
renovate this society and build a new Viet-
nam. Together, we will lead the people to-
27367
ward progress in all fields to keep the pace
with the progress of mankind. We have the
duty of bequeathing to the future genera-
tions glorious pages of history and solid
constitution, based on freedom, justice, and
brotherhood love."
Today, Tohnivrr, on the occasion of our
3-month leadership tenure, with the agree-
ment of the directory, as the commissioner
in charge of the executive, I present to our
fellow Vietnamese and comrades in arms
a report on the general policy of the govern-
ment concerning the current problems fac-
ing our nation.
My fellow Vietnamese, my comrades in
arms, on November 1, 1963, the armed forces
of the Republic of Vietnam overthrew the
Ngo Dinh Diem regime, starting a revolution
which the people entire have been longing
for. The collapse of the Ngo dinh Diem Re-
gime, was the inevitable consequence of the
long treason of a regime deeply engaged in the
path of dictatorship, corruption and bru-
tality. The armed forces could not tolerate
the Diem regime the more so because this
regime was deliberately using while already
on the decline, the armed forces as a tool
not to protect national freedom and inde-
pendence against foreign invasion but only
to suppress the people's Just aspirations.
The revolution sparkled on November 1,
1963, was a spontaneous revolution. This
revolution was ignited not by any individual
or group or representatives of any polit-
ical doctrine, social class or economic force,
but was a revolution of the people of which
the armed forces are the vanguard elements.
The whole people rose up to start the
revolution, in order to oust a reactionary
regime, in the hope of building a new regime
capable of preserving and developing the in-
nate rights of human being, the rights to
live to be free and to enjoy happiness. These
rights are the very force that motivated the
November 1, 1963, revolution and drove the
Vietnamese people to fight against the Com-
munist aggressors.
Because the November 1, 1963, revolution
was a self-sparking one. It had the advan-
tage of tolerating no other dictatorial trend
to thrive and inherit the Ngo Dinh Diem
regime. It neither tolerated the opportunist
elements, who were self-styled "revolution-
ists" and wanted to usurp high-ranking po-
sitions in the government to only enjoy priv-
ileges. It is also because the November 1,
1963, revolution was a self-sparking one, that
it entailed bad consequence, that was the
creation of a state of laxity quickly turned
into a state of confusion interfering in ail
branches of national activities. Those who
were in power in the wake of the revolution
could not live up to their responsibilities.
What is worse, most of them dared not as-
sume responsibilities because of the moral
handicap resulting from their "close connec-
tions with the ousted regime" instead of
guiding the mass towards order to help sta-
bilize the situation, they indulged in
demagogy and promptly surrendered to pres-
sure from the masses.
The result was that not only the dictator
was overthrown along with the elimina-
tion of all of his close assistants, but the
entire administrative machinery from the
central government down to the regional ad-
ministration was shaken and a number of
agencies dislocated. Even the armed
forces?an organization bound by the strong-
est discipline?would have been dislocated
had the general officers commanding the
different armed services, corps and large
units not shown a strong will or made ex-
traordinary efforts to preserve its integrity.
In the ensuing protracted disorder, the
subsequent governments were overthrown by
the people although some of these gov-
ernments were headed by statesmen with
goodwill and who enjoyed the confidence of
people from one group or another.
Approved For Release 2003/10/1-4: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
27368 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE October 22, 1965
In the face of this internal situation of
the Republic of Vietnam, how the Red im-
perialists and their lackeys in Hanoi re-
garded us? What maneuvers did they carry
out in an attempt to conquer this free land?
My fellow Vietnamese, comrades in arms,
be calm while I tell you the assessments
made by the lackeys of the Red imperialism
In Hanoi on our situation and their maneu-
vers to exploit this situation.
In his report made early this year of the
situation in the south, Nguyen Van Vinh, an
honorary brigadier general of the North Viet-
namese armed forces, who holds the func-
tions of the chairman of a committee in
charge of the aggression against the south,
assessed our military and political situations
as follows;
About the military situation, Nguyen Van
Vinh reported that our rear "shrunk in
proportion with the dislocation of thou-
sands of strategic hamlets and outposts";
our military strength became "more and
more Insufficient, the morale of our troops
but at the same time we had to use about
45 percent of our regular troops to defend
Saigon and Chalon"; our strategic reserve
forces are "almost insignificant" and for this
reason their defensive as well as offensive
potentials are hardly used. In his contlu-
sion, the chairman of the Aggressive Com-
mittee Against the South affirmed that (I
quote his words) : "Decidedly unavoidably
there will be a wretched collapse of the
morale and of the organization of the South
Vietnamese armed forces when the striking
force of our troops (Communist aggressors)
becomes more aggressive."
About our political situation, the chair-
man of the Aggressive Committee reported
that the November 1, 1963 revolution was
but a "trick" and, "internal conflicts in the
south are spreading fast and developing
in a very Intricate way." The report reads'
"In the political field, the tricky democratic
revolution of the enemy (the North Viet-
namese Communists consider our entire
armed forces and people as their enemy) after
the overthrow of Ngo Dinh Diem had to end
briefly after the replacement of Minh by
Khanh. Faced with our fighting strength
and their own internal conflicts, several
coups d'etat succeeded. This situation re-
flects Itself in the division of the various
groups in the south into indifferent and
most extremist groups. The latter group is
represented by the young generals. Fur-
thermore this situation also showed disac-
Cord in questions about personal interests
and positions, about parties, religions, -Bud-
dhism, Catholicism, about regions of the
country, the north, the center and the south
and about personal hatred.
With such an assessment of our situation
it is obvious that the Red imperialists and
their lackeys in Hanoi had to order the Viet-
cong in the south to strive to exploit this
situation. In fact, during the past,2 years
and till now, the Red imperialists have been
sending troops from the north into the south
to help the Vietcong to move from guerrilla
warfare to mobile warfare in order to carry
out large scale attacks. The Communist im-
perialists had been and are striving to make
use of all wicked maneuvers to sow dissen-
sion among us and to aggravate this dis-
sension.
Along with military offensive waves, and
political upaettings, the Communist im-
perialists also conducted severe sabotage
against our economy. They ordered their
henchmen to destroy bridges, cut off roads,
and lay mines to prevent the transport of
supplies from the cities to rural areas, and
to strive to grab agricultural products from
the tillers, arid from farmers and fishermen
money derived from the sales of fowl and
fish. The ultimate aim of the Communist
imperialists was to use every means to lift
the price of rice in Saigon in the middle of
this year from VN$700 to VN$5,000 a quintal,
to make the cost of living in the cities to soar
fivefold, even tenfold. They hoped that
With the soar of the living cost, the anger
of the people, especially of the poor, at the
government would increase drastically, thus
leading the society to the awful disintegrat-
ing state such as they have always longed
for.
Simultaneously with their offensive waves
against the Republic of Vietnam in the mili-
tary, political, and economic fields inside our
national territory, the Communist imperial-
ists also attacked us on the international
scene through the propaganda. Propaganda
machineries from 81 Communist Parties
throughout the world, along with thousands
of their agencies, doubled their venomous
efforts with the hope of severing the Re-
public of Vietnam from its allies, and mis-
representing our struggle for the safeguard
of freedom and national independence. Their
propaganda offensive on the international
scene against the Republic of Vietnam has
achieved a certain influence in a small num-
ber of countries which are :under the pres-
sure of Communist imperialists, but this
Communist offensive, war indeed also, a pow-
erful stimulation for the civilized world,
which help us, to be more determined than
ever to assist our country.
Facing the danger that is the Republic of
Vietnam could be engulfed by the Comm-u-
tast imperialists' aggressive machinery, all
the friendly countries together increased
their aid for us, both morally and materially.
At the request of the Republic of Vietnam,
the Governments of the United States, the
Republic of Korea, Australia, and New Zea-
land have sent their military units to help
us, following a legitimate self-defense plan,
and very moderately.
Facing the danger that is the Republic of
Vietnam could be engulfed by the Commu-
nist imperialisms aggressive machinery, all
the friendly countries together increased
their aid for us, both morally and materially,
At the request of the Republic of Vietnam,
the Governments of the United States, the
Republic of Korea, Australia, and New Zea-
land have sent their military units to help
us. Following a legitimate self-defense
plan, and very moderately, the Vietnam Air
Force and the U.S. Air Force have success-
fully bombed enemy military bases, staging
areas, army barracks and supply depots in
North Vietnam.
Until the middle of this year, the presence
of military units from friendly countries,
along with the bombing of a number of mili-
tary bases and logistical means of the Com-
munists on both sides of the demarcation
line, have not helped us to drive off the Red
Imperialists' aggression yet. The strikes,
however, prevented the Communists?despite
the large troops from the north equipped
with great firepower?from changing the bal-
ance of forces.
Since last June, the situation would have
been more consolidated if the Republic of
Vietnam had not, once again, met with in-
ternal difficulties. On June 11, politicians,
temporarily in charge of administering na-
tional institutions, were unable to find ap-
propriate measures to solve their differences.
So, they handed their powers to the armed
forces. In accepting these responsibilities,
the armed forces clearly defined the reasons
and objectives of the military government
which were the organization of the struggle
against the Communist aggression until final
victory and the implementation of a social
revolution.
A provisional convention, establishing
basic structures for the national organiza-
tion, was promulgated by the national lead-
ership committee.
Entrusted with the task of organizing the
administrative machinery and implementing
the policy of the NIC, the Government im-
mediately at the setting up of the war cabi-
net, announced program including 26 points
an urgent tasks covering all fields: War and
politics, economy and finance, social welfare,
education and culture, foreign affairs.
The war and revolutionary policies of the
national leadership committee and the pro-
gram of the Government are basically cor-
rect. That is why they brought forth a great
enthusiasm among the entire population.
During the past 100 clays, the implementa-
tion of the policy and the implementation
of the program have progressed and recorded
a number of tangible results.
In the military domain, we have warded
off the Vietcong monsoon offensive; in sim-
pler words, we have smashed all offensive at-
tempts which the Vietcong had carefully pre-
pared long in advance, with the hope of
launching them on their commemorative
days in August and September.
The Vietcong, hidden in their most solid
dens from Ba Long in Quang T'ri Province,
through the zone "la," to the Duoc Forest in
Ca Mau, have throughly been swept out by
our forces. Meantime, nearly 2 Communist
battalions, mostly infiltrated from the north,
and lying near Chu Lai In Quang Tin Prov-
ince left behind over GOO bodies following
attacks by units of the Vietnamese and U.S.
forces.
That week, the Communist invasion troops
Moqukuri A divisioned force for a new at-
tack in Binh Dinh Province with the hope
of rebuilding their pressure in the region.
However, the Government forces, with the
courageous cooperation of local population,
launched an operation that killed 1,350 of
them
With the gallant cooperation of navy,
army, air, artillery and engineer units of the
United States, Republic of Korea, Australia
and New Zealand, not only have we-preserved
all important bases along the coast of central
Vietnam, extended government-controlled
areas, guarded our frontier-defense network
within which Duc Co is is an isolated out-
post; not only we launch many attacks to
destroy the enemy strongholds, and retake
initiative in every battlefront, we also cleared
many strategic communication axes which
were closed for many years. All these de-
cisive victories emphasize the outstanding
efforts of the armed forces and have turned
the tide of the war in a very short time.
What is this driving power that has enabled
us to score such lightning military feats?
My dear fellow countrymen and comrades
in arms, it is the new incentive of the revolu-
tion spirit which is burning in the hearts of
our people and our armed forces, which are
backed by the entire free world.
In the economic and financial fields, a
number of measures have been carried out in
the framework of an urgent action program.
These measures aimed at laying foundations
for real social revolution which includes:
The elimination of dishonest businessmen.
The stabilization of market prices.
The supply of food goods from rural areas
to the cities and vice versa, so as to supply
the vilagers with first necessity goods in
their daily life.
The setting up of security stocks to pre-
vent shortage of foodstuffs.
The establishment of agencies responsible
for the purchase, storage and distribution of
rice. --
The implementation of the housing policy,
to improve the housing situation of the
needy.
The construction of 1,000 low-cost houses,
each house coating $20,000 and to be dis-
tributed to the working class. The purchase
of vacant plots of land to resell them to the
needy people who will themselves build their
houses, after providing such basic struc-
tures as roads, sewers, water and electricity.
The promulgation of the right to stay and
priority to purchase house and land. The
import of 100 cars, 200 trilarabrettas, other
kinds of vehicles and spare parts for taxicabs
in order to make owners a number of taxi
drivers and at the same time give them ap-
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP671300446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14 : CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
propriate means for the exercise of their pro-
fession. The interruption of export of some
products necessary for consumption needs
of the population at home. The improve-
ment of education, by building more schools,
and abolishing noon shifts at primary schools
to protect the pupils health. The improve-
ment of wage status by increasing the salary
of low-income entloyees, including the
troops, and reducing that of a number of
other government employees, with the view
of mitigating somehow the differences among
peoples of various social strata. The setting
up of military dependent quarters, etc.
Concerning the promulgating of a new
customs tariff, the government aims at levy-
ing heavy taxes on luxury goods to increase
the national income, thus enabling the gov-
ernment to carry out social welfare pro-
grams to help the poor, and at the same time
avoiding all shortages of goods for other
classes having great consumption abilities.
Along with the above-mentioned objective,
the life of the rural population also receive
particular attention from the government
which has decided to:
Much forward the improvement of living
standards in rural areas.
Modify the status of farmers associations.
Improve the land policy by amending the
agrarian reform decree-law aiming at assist-
ing farmers and making tillers owners of
their lands.
Grant full ownership to the farmers im-
mediately after the distribution of land plots
Instead of provisional certificates as previ-
ously.
Besides, farmers are exempted from land
taxes during whole period they have to pay
for the purchase of their ricefield?within
a maximum period of 12 years?and at the
same time, authorized to postpone the pay-
ment of their first installment for 1 year.
More than that, public lands and riceflelds
will be from now, on distributed directly to
farmers instead of renting them on bid as
previously.
Eticefields, bought from French proprie-
tors according to the September 10, 1958,
totaling about 224,647 hectares, and scat-
terings in 27 provinces, will be sold to farm-
ers on the same basis.
Other intellectuals and experts and even
some statesmen?either those who had
learned bitter experiences in the political
arena or those who had long waited for ?c-
ams to cooperate with the Government?
have given signs of impatience. The atti-
tude of these intellectuals, experts, and
statesmen has more or less influenced the
mass that had, in the past, recourse to pres-
sure.
I deem it necessary to tell to the entire
people and my comrades in arms that the
National Leadership Committee, although
being busy with many problems, has always
paid appropriate attention to all diverging
views, either moderate or violent. I also
deem It necessary to make it clear once again
that state affairs are not the monopoly of
any individual or group and that the destiny
of the nation needs the moral and material
contribution of all people actively engaged
in the struggle and constructive works.
In brief, the general situation has been
greatly improved. Three months ago, while
accepting the power we had said we en-
visaged a new dawn for the people, we, at
that time, only expressed a feeling. Now,
In reviewing the obstacles we have sur-
mounted, certainly our compatriots and
comrades-in-arms agree with us that this
brighter dawn for our people is not a mere
utopia but a reality awaiting us. All the
past difficulties are not liquidated, and more
serious new ones may appear because the
nearer it is approaching final defeat, the
more , dangerous the enemy prove to be.
However, we are confident that our com-
patriots, military and civilian, have all the
necessary energy and determination to over-
come these difficulties and, will be able to
conduct step by step, our people toward this
dawn.
In the land reforms policy, the legalization
of the ownership rights on the lands put
under cultivation and the distribution of
ownership certificates to the peasants in ac-
cordance with the policy of making the lab-
orers the owners of the lands they till, have
been achieved. The above certificates have
been distributed for the first time in Lac
Nghiep (Tuyen Due) on September 18, 1965,
to 349 families of lowland and Montagnaxd
peasants and in Dau Bong (Tay Nih) to 200
other families. Other certificates will be dis-
tributed in the future.
It is worth recalling that the land reform
policy is being extended to all ethnic minori-
ties living on the national territory and
there is no discrimination between the low-
land people and the tribesmen. To promul-
gate many measures and implement a policy
based on justice, and reason, and aimed at
achieving the objective of national union
and collective social progress.
All the aforesaid measures and decisions
certainly are not routine administrative ones.
Furthermore, they will not be demagogy
measures.
The fact that the war cabinet has decided
to take social revolution as the motto of the
struggle, and has realized that the people
in both urban and rural areas have equal
responsibilities and are entitled to equal
privileges, proves that the above-mentioned
decisions and measures are constant with the
overall national policy.
Of course, we need time to assess the re-
sults of these measures and to see whether
they will be useful to the social revolution
which constitutes the very objective of our
struggle.
Nevertheless, if we commonly realize that
these are things that should be done, to lay
lasting foundations to the social revolution,
we must first be animated with confidence
and faith.
In the political field, the implementation
of our action program has yielded clear re-
sults in the rural areas. In many western
provinces in the southern area, the working
_people now can easily move from an area to
another even in nighttime. In I corps area
provinces, people who, a year ago were forced
by the Vietcong terrorism and oppression to
abandon all their properties and move else-
where for security, are now actively planning
a back-home movement to liberate their own
villages from the Vietcong and rebuild them.
The "return to village" campaign instigated
by the anti-Communist refugees in Quang
Ngai gathered has about 400 cadres and
fighters in the first format/on stage and has
begun action since late August, in other
areas, especially in the valley of the Mekong,
the people are nurturing the same aspiration
and are ready to launch similar campaigns.
All told, the results in the political field
are still of a limited scale because of the
too cautious and unbalanced way of imple-
menting the program. The major institu-
tions planned in the provisional charter such
as the economic and social councils, and the
high magistrate council, have not been set
up yet. This has caused a number of intel-
lectuals in the cities to conceive deep con-
cern and the suspicion that the Armed
Forces wanted to establish a military dicta-
torship. Another segment of people may
have have been induced to think that the
military administration contented itself with
trumpeting over revolution without seeking
to materialize it or with realizing it only in
part.
After reviewing the situation I now present
our policies for waging the revolutionary
struggle and for building peace.
We must ask ourselves what the real
character of the peace is which we are fight-
ing to achieve, what kind of a society we
must build. We must have a clear concep-
27369
tion .of the future of our country and not
merely worry about the coming 100 days. We
have to think about the 1,000 days ahead.
During the next 1,000 days this land will
have to be completely controlled by freemen.
We Want to decide everything ourselves, to
have friendly relations with neighboring
countries, to live peacefully in the country
which we have inherited from our fathers, in
a nation where there is justice, on a land
which is governed by men of integrity whose
only ambition is to serve the people honestly
and efficiently.
The revolution which we are determined
to carry out is a social revolution. Therefore
in the next 1,000 days we have to create a big
change in every field of activity of the peo-
ple. We have to create a new life in the
countryside, a new life in the cities, a prom-
ising now life.
Many multistoried buildings have been
built not only in the capital, but also in
Can Tho, Nha Trang, Da Nang, and are be-
ing built in many other cities. In the capi-
tal, Le Loi Boulevard is filled with cars. But
not far from the big buildings, there are still
many slums, there are still thousands of
homes where parents and children are
crowded into a dark and damp area of barely
10 square meters. And further away, outside
the cities, there are tens of thousands of
families who all year long labor in the black
mud and yet have as their only shelter a
rundown hut to protect them from rain and
sun. They do not have enough to eat, they
have no decent clothing and neither doctor
nor medicines when they are sick. On top of
all that, these people are afraid of arrogant
officials on our side and also of the Commu-
nist enemy.
We have the duty not to allow the children
who are today without clothes, who are to-
day illiterate, to grow up and continue to
live for ever a dark life, in misery, in op-
pression, in injustice. That is why, within
the greater framework of the social revolu-
tion, we have to start first with the realiza-
tion of the living standard revolution.
Unlike the Communists whose policy is to
bring all those having unequal living stand-
ards down to the lowest level, we are striv-
ing to carry out a social revolution which
never stops aiming at raising the living
standard of all the people, starting with the
poorest. Looking at reality, even if we ac-
cept as the standard wage the minimum
guaranteed salary of the worker recently
fixed by the war cabinet at 1,070 piasters per
month for areas where the cost of living is
lowest, there are still millions of people liv-
ing under that standard. These are the
peasants who do not have enough land to
till and would not have enough to eat if
they sold part of their produce to buy clothes
or medicine. These are also the ambulant
merchants on the pavements of the cities and
towns.
It was within the framework of the living
standard revolution that the war cabinet
based the pay and family allowances of the
soldiers. We are reviewing the pay scale of
all those who are serving in other branches
of activities. We have yet to review the
price of farm products. We also have to ade-
quately provide for the housing, health, and
educational needs of all, especially those
living in the cities. In short, if we begin to
carry out the living standard revolution to-
day, with concrete projects and step-by-step
preparation, 1,000 days from today, we shall
certainly be able to create a big change for
the better on this land.
That is why I believe that every 100 days
we have to make up a list of realizations in
which we shall not only enumerate what we
have done, but above all we must review our
achievements, and even more important, we
shall have to review what we have not done
and do it at all costs.
As of today, I put emphasis on the govern-
mental activities aiming at fighting corrup-
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
27370 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE October 22, 1965
tion and at reviving the good Vietnamese
traditions of government based on moral
foundations, in respect of the law and jus-
tice. First of all, in the coming 100 days I
shall personally look for people whose expe-
riences and integrity are beyond reproach to
for a central corps of inspectors in charge of
investigating all complaints on injustices as
to help the government take timely correc-
tive measures. I solemnly promise that, as
of today, those who are responsible for serv-
ing the people will have to pay for their
crimes if they commit the crime of betraying
the confidence of the people. For a long
ti:me, on this land, the honest little man has
been oppressed by those detaining authority.
A Nation cannot exist if there is no justice
for everyone.
For a long time, no consideration has been
given to the aspiration of the peasants who
make up the backbone of the country. (Our
peasants have always lived in insecurity be-
cause they have been exploited, terrorized.
Our peasants have to live utter misery be-
cause they are the first victims of the utterly
unequal distribution of wealth, of profiteer-
ing, and of inflation. The peasants lack all
the basic necessities of a worthy life. The
war has disturbed their peaceful life, and
their labor has not been adequately rewarded.
The war and-its instigators?the Vietcong?
have upset the moral norms, have destroyed
the law and justice. Many people in the
countryside have lost faith in the Govern-
ment and lost faith in themselves. I pre-
scribe that this Government has the respon-
sibility to regain the people's confidence and
support.
As I have made clear earlier, at present the
armed forces, with the limitless assistance of
friendly countries, have realized important
changes in the military field. We are de-
stroying the aggressive machinery of the
Communists on this and the other side of
the parallel. Continuing to take advantage
of these successes, we shall completely de-
stroy the entire apparatus of aggression of
the Communists. Victory is on our side.
Militarily, we shall certainly have victory in
a not distant future.
But it is not enough to militarily defeat
the Communists. We must do so that on
this land the Communists do not have any
reason to be among the people, especially
among the people of the countryside. This
is the task of pacification and rural recon-
struction. Emphasizing the importance of
this task in a very short sentence; The coun-
tryside is the decisive factor in the entire
battlefield. Consequently I mobilize all the
existing cadres to serve in the pacification
and rural reconstruction programs. These
cadres will go to the countryside and to-
gether with the peasants they will fight to
defend the villages, they will help the peas-
ants to till the land and increase produc-
tion, improve agricultural techniques, raise
the living standard of the peasant in every
way. They will help the peasants to reor-
ganize the village administration, to realize
a democratic way of life at the village level
and lay the solid foundations for a free and
democratic regime in the future, The paci-
fication and rural reconstruction not only
require many facilities and many cadres, it
also demands that those cadres have deter-
mination and ability. I truthfully say that
in the existing administration there are not
yet such cadres in sufficient numbers. That
its why I earnestly hope that all the fighters
in all the patriotic movements who are rich
In experience will actively participate in this
big and meaningful task. Pacification and
rural reconstruction which bring a new or-
ganized life to 80 percent of our people,
should in my opinion be the responsibility of
all of you, the revolutionary fighters. And
now you have the favorable conditions, the
facilities that are more abundant than ever
before, to successfully carry out this respon-
sibility.
Meanwhile, the government has in mind
another program of another kind, a program
aiming to restore the citizenship to those
who took the wrong direction, considering
their own self more important than the na-
tion. I will give them a certain time so they
can get aid of the responsibility which they
realize is not worthwhile. After self-criti-
cism, they will be employed according to their
capacity.
As before I used to say, we, Vietnamese
people, tend to forgive. Let us forgive those
who went the wrong way, give them the op-
portunity to become new human- beings. On
the contrary, to those who do not admit this
opportunity, I pity them, because to me, they
are mentally deranged by birth, but forming
obstacles to the development of the nation.
During my visits to rural areas, it was
heart rending to see that my compatriots
there became victims of the increasing cost
of living and were suffering from being in
short of the the first necessities. If this situ-
ation was created by goods hoarders, the gov-
ernment will bring the convicts before the
court which surely will punish them severely.
Besides, the shortage of goods will undoubt-
edly be solved satisfactorily, thanks to the
government efforts and the timely assistance
of friendly countries.
The Government will find out efficient
means to stabilize the market prices, the
most important of them is the method of
uniting producers and consumers into rela-
tionships benefiting to both of them. In the
transportation field, the Government is al-
ways ready to provide necessary means, and
if this still cannot meet the needs, it will
request assistance from allied countries at
the proper time. In brief, all necessary steps
for the normalization of supplies so that
people throughout the country could buy
goods and materials at a reasonable price,
have always been a great concern for the
Government.
Finally, we must affirm once again the
struggle of people against the Communist
aggressors. My dear compatriots and com-
rades-in-arms are certainly aware that if this
country falls under the Communist yoke, our
nation would be annihilated. The Vietcong,.
like any other Communist groups, are acting
on the international Communist organiza-
tion's orders which, is, in fact, the most fear-
ful imperialism of human history.
Communist imperialism disseminates a
doctrine using hatred as driving power which
creates dissension inside a government as
well as inside every family. The most im-
portant aspect of communism is that it is
antinatural and atheist.
That is why I appeal to my compatriots
from all faiths to unite closely and, along
with the whole people and Armed Forces,
fight against that foreign sophism which
destroy the family and exterminate the na-
tion at the same time with the most sacred
confidence of our people.
The sooner the entire population is united,
the sooner we restore peace in this land, and
the more closely we unite, the stronger our
national force will be.
United, We will create a lasting bulwark
Insuring justice for the society, freedom for
the people, and democracy throughout the
country.
My best regards to you all my dear com-
patriots and comrades-in-arms.
SCOUTING AWARD TO JUDGE C. C.
CHAMBERS
Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr.
President, an editorial in the Saturday
Evening Post in November 1960, com-
memorated the golden anniversary of
the Boy Scouts of America, the organi-
zation granted a Federal charter by Con-
gress, by pointing out that the Boy Scout
movement is one of America's most ef-
fective?as well as oldest?forces
against juvenile delinquency.
The long service with the Boy Scouts
of America by Judge C. C. Chambers of
Logan, W. Va., is testimony to his belief
in their program to strengthen America,
and testimony that scouting can make
the difference between a Nation with
many yQuths of strong character and a
Nation indifferent to a constant rise in
juvenile delinquency. For this service, he
has recently been honored by the award
of the Silver Antelope. An account
of the ceremonies at which this volun-
teer scouting award was presented to
Judge Chambers was published in the
Friday, October 15, issue of the Logan
Banner.
I ask unanimous consent to have this
newspaper article printed in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
LOCAL JUDGE GIVEN HIGH SCOUT HONOR
Judge C. C. Chambers, a veteran Scouter
of more than 30 years, was awarded the Sil-
ver Antelope at noon today during region
four ceremonies in the Netherland Hilton
Hotel in Cincinnati, Ohio.
The Silver Antelope is the highest volun-
teer award a Scouter may receive within the
region. Judge Chambers is the first Scouter
from the Chief Cornstalk Council ever to
be presented with the Scouting honor. The
region includes West Virginia, Ohio, and
Kentucky.
A life member of the region four commit-
tee, Judge Chambers has served many years
as a national council representative. He has
traveled through the entire region inspecting
camps and camping facilities and performing
other Scouting chores. He rarely has missed
a national council meeting, to which he pays
his own expenses.
Chambers has served as judge of the Sev-
enth Judicial Circuit of West Virginia since
1936. He is a member of the Logan County
Bar Association, West Virginia Bar Associa-
tion, West Virginia Bar, Juvenile Court
Judges Association, West Virginia Judicial
Association, and is a past president of the
latter organization.
A trustee and member of the board of
stewards at Neighborhood Memorial Meth-
odist Church in Logan, Judge Chambers has
been a Bible class teacher for 20 years. He
is a member of all Masonic bodies and was
coronetted an inspector general honorary 33d
degree Mason.
Chambers has served Scouting in many
ways during the past 30 years. Among the
positions he has held are merit badge coun-
selor, Logan district committee chairman,
member of the council executive board, mem-
ber of the region four committee, national
council representative, served as president
of the council for 5 years, holder of the Sil-
ver Beaver Award, and is presently finance
chairman of the council, a member of the
camp development committee, and chairman
of the new service center building committee.
In addition to Judge Chambers, those at-
tending the region four conference are
Council President Alfred Newland of Man,
and Mrs. Newland; C. B. Kelly, Logan dis-
trict commissioner; Council Finance Chair-
man J. T. Fish and Mrs. Fish; Scout Execu-
tive Robert Justice and Mrs. Justice; and
Mrs. C. C. Chambers.
STUDENT PAYS TRIBUTE TO SENA-
TOR DIRKSEN OF ILLINOIS
Mr. HRUSKA. Mr. President, a
unique tribute to our capable minority
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
27138 Approved For ReleateoNelaggitikklifipeappil4WRi0140002-2 October 22 1965
DEMOCRATIC
Platform
PLATFORM LEGISLATIVE GOALS, 1964?Continued
Legislation
THE NATION'S NATURAL RESOURCES
Water Resources Planning Act of 1965. Public Law 89-80.
Assateague Island National Seashore. Public Law 89-195.
Delaware Water Gap Recreation Area. Public Law 89-158.
Spruce*Knob-Seneca Rock Recreation Area. Public Law 89-207.
Extended the saline water research and development program for 5 years.. Public
Law 89-118.
Clean Air Act of 1965. Public Law 89-272.
Water Quality Act of 1965. Public Law 89-234.
Continue comprehensive development of river basins.
Provide the people of this Nation a balanced outdoor recreation program.
Intensify our efforts to solve the critical water problems by desalinization.
Continue the attack on polluted air.
Continue the attack on water pollution.
A decent home for every American family.
? Press the fight against narcotics.
Turn juvenile delinquents into good citizens.
ontinue to assist broad community and regional development.
Continue urban renewal.
Continue open space program.
Provide for a department devoted to urban affairs.
THE
THE CITY
Authorized a $7,800,000,000 housing program for low-income families, including the
elderly, the handicapped, and the displaced; and a new program of rent supplements:
Public Law 89-117.
Narcotic Addict Rehabilitation Act of 1965. House Judiciary completed hearings.
Extended the Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Offenses Control Act to June 30,
1967, and authorized $6,500,000 for fiscal 1966 and $10,000,000 for fiscal 1967. Public
Law 89-69.
Authorized an annual $665,000,000 program of public works and economic develop-
ment through 1970. Public Law 89-136.
Increased the authorization for urban renewal grants by $675,000,000 for fiscal 1966,
$725,000,000 for fiscal 1967, $750,000,000 for fiscal 1968 and 1969. Public Law 89-117.
Authorized increase for open space grants from $75 to $310,000,000. Public Law 89-
117.
Created a Cabinet Department of Housing and Urban Affairs. Public 89-174.
GOVERNMENT
,Government's business is the people's business.
Revise rules and procedures to assure majority rule after reasonable debate and to
guarantee that major legislative proposals of the President can be brought to a vote.
Home rule for District of Columbia and a nonvoting delegate pending a constitu-
tional amendment for a voting delegate.
Support a constitutional amendment giving District of Columbia voting representa-
tion in Congress.
'Equal opportunity and equal treatment for all Americans regardless of race, creed,
color or national origin.
Closed loopholes in the Administrative Procedure Act and established a general
philosophy of full agency disclosure. S. 1160 passed Senate, Oct. 13, 1965.
Passed both Houses amended.
Voting Rights Act of 1965. Public Law 89-110.
SANDY KOUFAX?AN EXAMPLE FOR
THE YOUTH OF AMERICA ?
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, a
friend of the Presiding Officer and my-
self, Red Welsh, of Billings, Mont., re-
cently made an interesting commentary
on radio station KOOK in that city. I
was so much impressed by it, I should
like to read it to the Senate. It is 'Very
short. I ask unanimous consent that I
May have 1 additional minute to do so.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. MANSFIELD. The title is, "An
Example for the Youth of America."
The commentary is as follows:
The-recently completed world series pro-
duced an outstanding example of what com-
petitive sports is supposed to represent?un-
fortunately the incident seems to have es-
caped many of those who profess undying
faith in athletics as a character-building
program.
The hottest man in professional athletics
today is Los Angeles Dodger southpaw, Sandy
Koufax. He might well be the greatest
pitcher who ever lived.
Koufax and his teammate, big Don Drys-
dale, literally pitched the Dodgers into the
National League championship.
Along the way, this exceptionally talented
young man pitched a perfect game?only the
third time this has ever been done in the long
history of professional baseball.
Heading into the annual classic?the
world's series?Koufax admittedly was the
greatest of the great. Every boy in America
knew who he was. With Sandy scheduled to
pitch the opener, Los Angeles was an odds-on
favorite.
Opening day of this year's classic coin-
cided with the most solemn holiday ob-
served in Judaism?Yom Kippur, the day of
atonement.
Sandy Koufax is an American of Jewish
faith. When the umpire yelled, "play ball."
Koufax wasn't pitching for Los Angeles. Ile
Wasn't at the ball park. He wasn't even
watching the game on television.
Sandy Koufax was where he should have
been?at the synagogue, quietly observing
Yom Kippur in meditation and prayer.
There was an example for the youth of
this country. A great athlete, an American
idol, putting first things first.
In the faith of his fathers?he was a
believer.
By the standards of his country?he was a
real citizen.
On the yardstick of genuineness?he
measured up all man.
RETIREMENT OF RICHARD LANG-
HAM RIEDEL?LETTER FROM THE
PRESIDENT
Mr. DIRKSEN. Mr. President, som
days ago, we paid tribute to Mr. Rich-
ard Langham Riedel, who has so faith-
fully served the Senate for a great many
years as press liaison.
The President of the United States
also took occasion to send a letter com-
memorating the service of Richard
Riedel.
I ask unanimous consent that the
President's letter be printed in the REC-
ORD at this point.
There being no objection, the letter
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
THE WHITE HOUSE,
Washington, October 6, 1965.
MY. RICHARD LANGHAM RIEDEL,
14027 Braddock Road,
Centreville, Va.
DEAR RICHARD: I hear you are about to be-
gin a new life. Yet, I can't imagine what
the Senate will be like without you.
You have served so long and so faith-
fully that for me?and for so many of your
friends?you seemed as much a part of the
Senate as its marbled halls.
I well recall the many times when, as ma-
jority leader, I could not leave the floor, and
you relayed questions and answers for re-
porters. You always served honestly and
with good commonsense.
In a historic setting?that of the U.S.
Senate?you wrote a history of your own.
I believe that my good friend Gould Lincoln
is the only member of the Senate Press Gal-
lery who was a member when you came to
the Senate in 1918.
You can be proud of having served as liai-
son between the press and the Senators
longer than any other person in the history
of the U.S. Senate.
Good luck in your new life, and in all
your undertakings. When you go camping
in the wilderness, don't forget to come back.
Meanwhile, your friends will remember
you.
Sin rely,
LYNDON B. JOHNSON.
LETTER FROM LINDA SAMPLES TO
AMERICAN SERVICEMEN IN VIET-
NAM
Mr. LAUSCHE. Mr. President, the
Cleveland Press received this week a let-
ter from Linda Samples, age 16, of
Brunswick Center, Ohio; Medina County.
Brunswick Center is a rustic com-
munity about 25 miles from Cleveland.
Enclosed within her letter was another
letter addressed to "American Service-
men in Vietnam." In the letter was also
enclosed 50 cents.
Miss Samples requested that her let-
ter to the servicemen be sent to them in-
asmuch as she did not know how to do
this. She explained that the 50 cents
was to cover postage costs.
Her letter is extraordinary. It comes
at a time of disturbing protests by some
Americans against U.S. policy in Viet-
nam.
The Cleveland Press reproduced her
letter on page 1 on Thursday, October
21.
I read that letter to my colleagues here
on the floor of the Senate. It reads:
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 22, 1965 APPr"tralEINMVENIMI0A-R6A7,pRO446R000300140002-2
27137
DEMOCRATIC PLATFORM LEGISLATIVE G0ALS-1964
Platform
Continue supremacy of our strategic nuclear forces.
Strengthen further forces for discouraging limited wars and fighting subversion.
Maintain world's largest research and development effort to insure continued Amer-
ican leadership in weapons systems and equipment.
Continue civil defense program.
Attract to the military services the highest caliber of career men and women and
make certain they are adequately paid and adequately housed.
NATIONAL DEFENSE
BUILDING
Help th a people of developing nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Place increased priority on private enterprise and development loans.
Encourage arms reduction.
Support the partnership of free American Republics in the Alliance for Progress.
Oppose aggression and the use of force or the threat of force against any nation.
Expand the Peace Corps.
Legi,alation
Defense appropriation. Public Law 89-213.
Do.
Military procurement authorization. Public Law 89-37.
Defense appropriation. Public Law 89-213.
Defense appropriation. Public Law 89-213.
Military pay increase. Public Law 89-132.
Military construction authorization. Public Law 89-188.
THE PEACE
Foreign aid authorization. Public Law 89-171.
Foreign aid appropriation. Public Law 89-273.
Foreign aid authorization. Public Law 89-171.
Foreign aid appropriation. Public Law 89-273,
Disarmament Act amendments. Public Law 89-27.
Foreign aid authorization. Public Law 89-171.
Foreign aid appropriation. Public Law 89-273.
Vietnam supplemental. Public Law 89-18.
Defense appropriation. Public Law 89-213.
Authorizes $115,000,000 for fiscal 1966, Public Law 89-134.
CONQUEST OF SPACE
Continue development of space technology for peaceful uses; and encourage private
industry to increase its efforts in space research.
NASA authorization, $5,190,396,200 for fiscal 1966. Public Law 89-53.
NASA appropriation, $5,175,000,000 for fiscal 1966. Public Law 89-128.
EDUCATION
Demands on the inadequate sources of State and local revenues place a serious limits- Authorizes $1,344,000,000 in fiscal 1966 for elementary and secondary school aid.
tion on education. New methods of financial aid must be explored, including chess- Public Law 89-10.
neling federally collected revenues to all levels of education.
Expanded program of public scholarships, guaranteed loans and work-study grants. Higher Education Act of 1965. Public Law 89-.
HEALTH
Continuo to fight to include hospital care for older Americans in the social security
program.
Further expand our health facilities, especially medical schools, hospitals, and re-
search laboratories.
Go forward into the causes and cures for mental illness and mental retardation.
Provide hospitalization for persons 65 and over and a voluntary medical care program.
Public Law 89-97.
Authorized a 3-year $340,000,000 program of grants for etablishing and operating
regional medical complexes to combat heart disease, cancer, stroke, and other major
diseases. Public Law 89-239.
Labor-HEW appropriations for fiscal 1986. Public Law 89-156. Supplemental
appropriation for fiscal 1968. H.R. 11588. Public Law 80-
VETERANS
Reopen national service life insurance program. Reopened by Public Law 88-664. Funds for administrative expenses provided for
in Public Law 89-40.
Veterans with service-connected injuries and disabilities must be insured an adequate Provided increases averaging about 10 percent. H.R. 168. Public Law 89-
standard of living.
DEMOCRACY OF OPPORTUNITY
Immigration laws must be revised.
Carry the war on poverty forward as a total war against the causes of human want.
Move forward with programs to restore areas such as Appalachia.
Help the physically handicapped and mentally disadvantaged develop to the full
limit of their capabilities.
Assist our Indian people to improve their standard of living and attain self-sufficiency.
Enhance the security of older Americans by offering opportunities like those provided
for the young under the Economic Opportunities Act of 1964.
Adjust social security benefit levels.
Expand decent housing which older citizens can afford.
Encourage further supports for the arts.
Review all excise taxes and eliminate those that are obsolete.
Extend coverage of Fair Labor Standards Act.
Increase overtime pay requirements.
Revise the unemployment insurance program.
Expand manpower training programs.
Provide fast, safe, and economic modes of transportation.
Repeal of 14(b) of Taft-Hartley Act.
Continue, to insist that our drugs and medicines are safe and effective.
Assure that merchandise is labeled and packaged honestly.
Assure that the true cost of credit is disclosed.
Repealed the national origin quota provisions of the Immigration and Nationality
Act and substituted a new system. Public Law 89-236.
Extended all economic opportunity programs to June 30,1968, and authorized $1,785,-
000,000 for fiscal 1066. Public Law 89-253.
Authorized $1,092,400,000 Over a 5-year period for aid to the 11-State Appalachian
area. Public Law 89-4.
Authorized $224,175,000 for fiscal years 1966-72 for staffing grants to community mental
health centers and extended for 5 years the program for training teachers of mentally
retarded and other handicapped children. Public Law 89-10s.
Increased by $3,000,000, to $15,000,000 annually, the authorization for Indian adult
vocational education. Public Law 89-14.
Created an Administration on Aging within the Department of HEW and a 5-year
program of grants to the States and $5,000,000 for fiscal 1966, $8,000000 for fiscal 1967,
and such sums as necessary for the 3 succeeding fiscal years. PublicLaw 89-73.
Appropriated $7,000,000 for fiscal 1966. Public Law 89-156.
Provided a 7 percent across-the-board increase effective Jan. 1, 1966. Public Law
89-97.
Authorized an additional $150,000,000 and reduced the maximum interest, rate to
3 percent for the direct loan program for the elderly and handicapped. Public Law
89-117.
Established a National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities and authorized
$21,000,000 a year over the next 3 fiscal years as an endowment. Public Law 89-209.
THE ECONOMY
Provided for a $4,700,000,000 excise tax reduction. Public Law 89-44.
H.R. 10518: House Calendar Senate labor hearings concluded.
S. 1982: Senate labor hearings concluded.
House hearings concluded.
Provided for a 3-year extension to June 30, 1969, and authorized $454,000,000 for fiscal
1966. Public Law 89-15.
Authorized a 3-year, $90000,003 program for pilot demonstations in high-speed
intercity ground transportation. Public Law 89-220.
Authorized a 28-mile rapid transit system for National Capital area. Public Law
89-173.
Passed House; Senate debated motion to consider from Oct. 1-12.
Enacted the Drug Abuse Control Act of 1965. Public Law 89-74.
Truth in packaging. S. 985: Senate commerce hearings. concluded May 18.
Truth in lending. Bills introduced. No action.
RURAL AMERICA
Strengthen the farm income structure. --
Expand Mod stamp and school lunch programs; accelerate research into new indus-
trial uses of farm products.
Assure rural America decent housing.
Continue support of rural telephone program and Rural Electrification Adminis-
tration.
Omnibus Agriculture Act of 1965. 11.15. 9811: Public Law 89-
Agriculture appropriation for fiscal 1966. 11.15. 8370: Public Law 89-
Extended rural housing program to Oct. 1, 1969, and provided a new rural housing
insured loan program authorizing $300,000,000 a year. Public Law 89-117.
Agriculture appropriation for fiscal 1966. Public Law 89-
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Ctober 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
,ro all Men in Vietnam:
Today Is ti beautiful fall day. The trees
are ?changing color, the sky is deep blue.
Many Americans are enjoying this Sunday,
Why?
Because you are there in Vietnam, fight-
ing; being wounded, and even dying for us--
for our freedom.
You have said that you feel the people of
the United States do not think you are
fighting for a worthwhile cause. I can think
of no better cause than freedom. Our God-
given freedom is our most precious earthly
possession. America could not be what she
is without the freedom you are preserving.
I know that I am not the only person
In the United States who prays for you daily
and gives thanks that you are there protect-
ing with your lives our freedom, our Na-
tion, and our existence.
Thank you, every one and may God keep
and bless you all.
Sincerely yours,
LINDA SAMPLES.
Mr. President, now finally I should tell
that Miss Samples is an outstanding high
school student, earns her own money
cooking and cleaning, and is active in a
number of worthwhile youth groups and
as a church member.
Linda's letter has already gained na-
tional attention; it is in stories being
distributed by NEA, a newspaper syndi-
cate, to more than 700 newspapers. A
copy has been forwarded to Gen. Wil-
liam C. Westmoreland, commander of
the U.S. Military Assistance Command
in Vietnam; also a copy is being sent to
the Stars and Stripes, which is a mili-
tary newspaper.
It brings a ray of restored confidence
in the youth of our country. So many
protests and demonstrations are being
promoted, making it appear that the
majority of the people of the United
States are indifferent to the preservation
of our freedom.
I believe that this 16-year-old girl,
with her fine character, represents the
thinking of the great majority of the
citizens of our country. She stands
rather conspicuously as a contradistinc-
tion from those wan, long-haired, oddly
dressed beatniks who are demonstrating
in front of the White House, on our
school campuses, and other places in
the Nation.
A lesson should be drawn from what
this young girl has had to say.
Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield?
Mr. LAUSCHE. I yield.
Mr. SIMPSON. Did the Senator see
the significant article that appeared in
this morning's press with respect to the
students gathering their groups about
them in protest against the demonstra-
tors who seem to have little or no inter-
est in our country? It was a heartening
thing to see that in one Midwestern uni-
versity 2,700 students voted to support
the President's stand, as opposed to a
much lesser group.
I believe that is significant. Does the
Senator agree?
Mr. LAUSCHE. It is one of the
tragedies of the days that those who
demonstrate have been getting great at-
tention on television, radio, newspapers,
magazines, and journals.
No. 198
Mr. SIMPSON. That is why I would
like to point out the fact that this ac-
count should be played up.
These are the people who say little, the
American people who are out there de-
fending their country, as opposed to the
group of people who have an aversion to
soap and water and sit on people's steps.
Mr. LAUSCHE. Mr. President, it must
be said now that the President has tried
valiantly and vigorously to bring the
Communists to the negotiating table.
Some time ago I enumerated 10 steps
he has taken, practically begging, and
in a measure surrendering the dignity
of our country. But his aim has been to
bring the Vietnamese difficulty to an end.
Yet, in many instances innocent groups
frequently with Moscow and Peiping di-
rected leaders, provoke demonstrations
throughout the country.
The President is trying to bring about
peace.
Some say, "Withdraw from South
Vietnam."
My question in the past has been, and
it is today: To what point shall we
withdraw? to Thailand? to Burma? to
Malaysia? If we withdraw to those
points will that bring the end? Do we
withdraw to California or to Hawaii?
Do we bring the field of battle from
10,000 miles away to our immediate
shores?
No one wants to be involved in the
South Vietnamese shooting. But neces-
sity compels us; the need to preserve
freedom, as stated by this young girl,
Linda Samples, requires it. Or shall we
give up; shall we surrender all that we
have sung about in the years past of our
great heritage?
NORA ISABELLA SAMUELLI
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask that the Chair lay before the Senate
a message from the House of Represen-
tatives on the bill, S. 619, for the relief
of Nora Isabella Samuelli.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. The Chief Clerk will read the mes-
sage from the House of Representatives
on S. 619.
The Chief Clerk read as follows:
Ordered, that the Clerk of the House be
directed to return to the Senate the bill (S.
619) entitled "An act for the relief of Nora
Isabella Samuelli," together with all ac-
companying papers, in compliance with the
request by the Senate thereon.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that the Senate
reconsider the vote by which it asked for
a conference with the House of Repre-
sentatives and appointed conferees on
the part of the Senate.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. Without objection, the action of
the Senate is reconsidered.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, as
passed by the Senate, the bill would have
granted the status of permanent resi-
dence in the United States to the bene-
ficiary, and have deemed her residence
and physical presence in the United
States since July 31, 1963, to meet the
requirements for naturalization. As
27139
amended by the House of Representa-
tives, the bill merely grants the status of
permanent residence in the United
States.
Granting the beneficiary permanent
residence in the United States as of her
prior date of admission on July 31, 1963,
would be acceptable, and I move that
the Senate concur in the House amend-
ment to S. 619, with a further amend-
ment to grant permanent residence as of
July 31, 1963, rather than as of the date
of enactment, and I send to the desk the
amendment.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. The amendment will be stated.
The CH/EF CLERK. On page 1, line 6,
after the word "of", it is proposed to
strike out the words "the date of the
enactment of this Act", and insert in lieu
thereof "July 31, 1963".
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
move that the Senate concur in the
House amendment with the amendment.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. The question is on agreeing to the
motion of the Senator from Montana.
The motion was agreed to.
THE CALENDAR
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that the Senate
proceed to the consideration of Calendar
No. 915, H.R. 4421.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
CONVEYANCE OF CERTAIN PROP-
ERTY TO THE CITY OF CHEYENNE,
WYO.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that the Senate
proceed to the consideration of H.R. 4421,
Calendar No. 915.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. The bill will be stated by title for
the information of the Senate.
The LEGISLATIVE CLERK. A bill (H.R.
4421) authorizing the Administrator of
Veterans' Affairs to convey certain prop-
erty to the city of Cheyenne, Wyo.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. Is there objection to the present
consideration of the bill?
There being no objection, the Senate
proceeded to consider the bill.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent to have printed
In the RECORD an excerpt from the re-
port (No. 929), explaining the purposes
of the bill.
There being no objection, the excerpt
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
EXPLANATION OF THE BILL
This bill proposes to authorize the Ad-
ministrator of Veterans' Affairs to transfer
to the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., without mon-
etary consideration for park and recreational
purposes, a tract of land of approximately
27 acres which is now portion of the reserva-
tion at the Veterans' Administration Cen-
ter.
In 1932 the city of Cheyenne donated a
tract of 600 acres of land on which was sub-
sequently constructed a center which now
consists of a regional office and a 133-bed
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved
For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
27140 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
hospital with a preponderance of general
medical and surgical patients. Previously,
under the acts of June 29, 1948, and June 15,
1956, approximately 431 acres of the original
tract was conveyed without remuneration to
the city of Cheyenne.
The bill provides that the deed of convey-
ance shall contain certain terms and con-
ditions to protect the interests of the United
States.
There will be no appropriation necessary
to carry out the provisions of this legisla-
tion.
The office of Senator WAYNE MORSE has
studied this measure and has extended as-
surance that neither HR. 4421, nor S. 554
violate the so-called Morse formula for such
land transfer. The subject bill calls for the
gratuitous transfer of the property in ques-
tion since the land was originally part of
an entire tract of 600 acres of /and gratui-
tously conveyed to the United States by the
city of Cheyenne, Wyo. in the first instance.
The report of the Veterans' Administration
reveals that the Veterans' Administration
does not have need of the property de-
scribed in the bills and that it will have
no objection to the transfer.
In cases of this type, a gratuitous convey-
ance is not objectionable under the Morse
I ormula,. Where land was originally do-
nated, a reversion is implied in favor of the
donor if the United States is willing to dis-
pose of the property. The provisions of
these bills are similar to the provisions of
R.R. 2414 and S. 4608 which received the
approval of the committee. H.R. 2414 re-
ceived Senate approval in September 1965.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. The bill is before the Senate and
open to amendment. If there be no
amendment to be offered, the question is
on the third reading and passage of the
bill.
The bill (H.R. 4421) was ordered to a
third reading, read the third time, and
passed.
Mr. SI1VIPSON. Mr. President, I wish
to state to my fellow Senators that I am
very grateful for the passage of this leg-
islation. Its passage makes it possible
to proceed with an important piece of
construction in the city of Cheyenne,
Wyo., which has been held in abeyance
Pending the passage of the bill. Now
construction may get underway. The
Morse formula does not apply.
NOTICE OF INSTALLATION OF HON.
EMERY FRAZIE,R AS SECRETARY
OF THE SENATE
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, for
the information of the Senate?under
the rules It will be necessary, and it will
be a real privilege?I wish to state that
at approximately noon today, the dis-
tinguished Chief Clerk of the Senate,
Hon. Emery Frazier, of Kentucky, will
be sworn in as Secretary of the Senate,
to assume his duties on the 1st of Janu-
ary, next year.
EXECUTIVE SESSION
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that the Senate
proceed to consider executive business.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. Is there objection to the request
of the Senator from Montana?
There being no objection, the Sen-
ate proceeded to the consideration of ex-
ecutive business.
EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore laid before the Senate messages
from the President of the United States
submitting several nominations, which
were referred to the appropriate com-
mittees.
(For nominations this day received,
see the end of Senate proceedings.)
EXEC() JIVE REPORTS OF
commrrrEEs
As in executive session,
The following favorable reports of
nominations were submitted:
13y Mr. FOLBRIGIIT, from the Committee
on Foreign Relations:
Philip H. Trezise, of Michigan, to be the
representative of the United States of Amer-
ica to the Organization for Economic Co-
operation and Development.
By Mr. MONRONEY, from the Committee
on Post Office and Civil Service:
Fifty-five postmaster nominations.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. If there be no further reports of
committees, the clerk will state the nom-
inations on the Executive Calendar.
U.S. ARMY
The Chief Clerk read the nomination
of Lt. Gen. William Henry Sterling
Wright, Army of the United States, to be
lieutenant general, U.S. Army.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. Without objection, the nomina-
tion is confirmed.
U.S. NAVY
The Chief Clerk proceeded to read
sundry nominations to the rank of rear
admiral in the U.S. Navy,
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that the nomi-
nations be considered en bloc.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. Without objection, the nomina-
tions are considered and confirmed en
bloc.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask that the President be immediately
notified of the confirmation of these
nominations.
The ACTING PRPSIDENT pro tern-
pore. Without objection, the President
will be notified forthwith.
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
The Chief Clerk read the nomination
of David G. Bress, of the District of Co-
lumbia, to be U.S. attorney for the Dis-
trict of Columbia for a term of 4 years.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
suggest the absence of a quorum. For
the information of the Senate, I ask the
attaches to call Senators on both sides
of the aisle, because it will be a live
quorum.
The PRESIDING 010.1010ER (Mr.
PROXIVIIRE in the chair). The clerk will
call the roll.
The legislative clerk called the roll,
and the following Senators answered to
their names:
October 22, 196.
/No. 297 Ex.]
Proxmire
Simpson
Williams,. Del,
Young, Ohio
Cotton Hruska
Dirkeen Kuchel
Eastland Lausche
Fulbright Mansfield
Hart Metcalf
Holland Murphy
Vito
Mr. LONG of Louisiana. I announce
that the Senator from Indiana [Mr.
BATH], the Senator from Pennsylvania
[Mr. CLARK], the Senator from Tennes-
see [Mr. Gortzl , the Senator from Massa-
chusetts [Mr. KENNEDY], the Senator
from Missouri [Mr. Lows], and the Sena-
tor from Washington [Mr. MAGNUSON]
are absent on official business.
I also announce that the Senator from
New Mexico [Mr. ANDERSON], the Sena-
tor from Virginia [Mr. BYRD], the Sena-
tor from Idaho [Mr. CHURCH], the Sena-
tor from Indiana [Mr. HAarxnl, the
Senator from New York [Mr. KENNEDY],
the Senator from South Dakota [Mr. Mc-
Gomm], the Senator from Oregon [Mr.
Mons], the Senator from Utah [Mr.
Moss], the Senator from Maine [Mr.
Muslaz], the Senator from Wisconsin
[Mr. NELSON], the Senator from Georgia
[Mr. RUSSELL], the Senator from Ala-
bama [Mr. SPARKMAN], and the Senator
from Georgia [Mr. TAL IVIADGE] are neces-
sarily absent.
Mr. KUCHEL. I announce that the
Senator from Delaware [Mr. Bocos], the
Senator from Colorado [Mr. Dominrcit],
the Senator from Kentucky [Mr. MOR-
TON], and the Senator from Kansas [Mr.
PEARSON] are necessarily absent.
The Senator from Kansas [Mr. CARL-
SON] and the Senator from Kentucky
[Mr. COOPER] are absent on official busi-
ness.
The Senator from Iowa [Mr. MILLER]
is absent by leave of the Senate.
The Senator from New York [Mr.
JAvrTsl, is detained on official business.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. A quo-
rum is not present.
Mr. MANSriELD. Mr. President, I
move that the Sergeant at Arms be di-
rected to request the attendance of ab-
sent Senators.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
question is on agreeing to the motion of
the Senator from Montana.
The motion was agreed to.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Sergeant at Arms will execute the order
of the Senate.
After a little delay, Mr. AIKEN, Mr.
ALLOTT, Mr. BARTLETT, Mr. BASS, Mr.
BENNETT, Mr. BIBLE, Mr. BREWSTER, Mr.
BURDICK, Mr. BYRD Of West Virginia, Mr.
CANNON, Mr. CASE, Mr. CURTIS, Mr. DODD,
Mr. DOUGLAS, Mr. ELLENDER, MI. ERVIN,
Mr. FANNIN, Mr. FONG, Mr. OBI/ENING, Mr.
HARRIS, Mr. HAYDEN, Mr. HICKENLOOPER,
Mr. TITLE, Mr. INOUYE, Mr. JACKSON, Mr.
JORDAN of Idaho, Mr. LONG Of Louisiana,
Mr. MCCARTHY, Mr. MCCLELLAN, Mr. MC-
GEE, Mr. MCINTYRE, Mr. MONDALE, Mr.
MONRONEY, Mr. MONTOYA, Mr. MUNDT,
Mrs. NEUBERGER, Mr. PASTORE, Mr. PELL,
Mr. PROTJTY, Mr. RANDOLPH, Mr. RTBICOFF,
Mr. ROBERTSON, Mr. RUSSELL of South
Carolina, Mr. SALTONSTALL, MT. SCOTT,
Mr. SMATHERS, Mrs. SMITH, Mr. STENNIS,
Mr. SYMINGTON, Mr. THURMOND, Mr.
TOWER, Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey,
Mr. YARBOROUGH, and Mr. YOUNG Of
North Dakota entered the Chamber and
answered to their names.
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP671300446R000300140002-2
27300
Approved For Release 2003/10/14 ? CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
CONGRESSIONAL 'RECORD ? HOUSE October 22 1965
siring to do so may extend their remarks
in the RECORD on the subject just dis-
cussed.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there
objection to the request of the gentleman
from Wisconsin?
There was no objection.
COMMUNIST INFILTRATION OF
CIVIL RIGHTS AND ANTI-VIETNAM
MOVEMENTS
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr.
Moss). Under previous order of the
House, the gentleman from Mississippi
[Mr. WILLIAMS] is recognized for 25 min-
utes.
Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. Speaker, a
number qf Members of this body have
taken the floor in the last few days to ex-
press indignation over the current wave
of demonstrations being waged in Pro-
test against American intervention in
Vietnam. I, as much as any other Mem-
ber of the Congress, deplore and resent
these demonstrations. Surely, Mr.
Speaker, at a time when Americans are
fighting and dying to stop the enslave-
ment of free people by predatory Com-
munist forces, they need all the support
that we can give them. Whatever mis-
takes may have been made in the past
by those who formulate our foreign poli-
cies, the fact remains that we are in Viet-
nam; our boys are dying there, and our
national honor and security are at stake.
In the conduct of this mission, the Presi-
dent needs and deserves the support of
every patriotic American citizen, and I,
for one, am willing to give him my full
support in this effort.
The wave of demonstrations and civil
disobedience that spread throughout the
country last weekend have all the ear-
marks of a highly organized Communist
plot, designed to embarrass us in the eyes
of the world, and to encourage Red
China to redouble its efforts to push us
out of Vietnam. These demonstrations,
intended to serve the Communist cause
by conveying a false picture of American
disunity to the rest of the world, actu-
ally border on the side of treason.
These were not spontaneous, spur-of-
the-moment manifestations of protest
on the part of conscientious American
citizens reacting to the danger of a war
that might jeopardize the future security
of our country. These demonstrations
were obviously well planned in advance,
well financed and well coordinated so as
to gain for the demonstrators a maxi-
mum amount of publicity throughout the
world. The participants were expert in
the technique of civil disobedience
through training and experience, as I
will attempt to prove later in this dis-
sertation.
To those of us who represent States
and areas which have been subjected to
the many massive so-called civil rights
demonstrations during the last few
years, Attorney General Katzenbach's
recent public recognition of the role
being played by Communists in these
Vietnam demonstrations came as no sur-
prise. What amazes many of us is the
fact that General Katzenbach ignored
this same Communist influence and par-
ticipation in the wave of civil disobe-
dience that lately has been going on in
the name of civil rights. Those who, just
a few weeks ago, were demonstrating for
civil rights, are now in the forefront in
trying to undermine our policies in
southeast Asia.
General Katzenbach and other leaders
in our administration gave the stamp of
approval to the numerous civil rights
protest marches, sit-ins, wade-ins, He-
ins, teach-ins, boycotts, law violations,
and other forms of civil disobedience, on
the premise that these people were ex-
ercising +heir constitutional right of
petition. To the extent that they closed
their eyes to the fact that much of this
was Communist inspired, agitated and
promoted, they have given license and
encouragement to the same crowd, by
and large, that is now creating trouble
and dissension over our foreign policy.
It will be recalled that the hard-core
anti-Vietnam protest groups demon-
strated here in the shadow of the Capi-
tol on August 9, 1965. They called their
rally the Assembly of Unrepresented
People. These professionals formed the
vanguard of last weekend's demonstra-
tions that were held throughout the
country.
The leaders of the August 9 march on
the Capitol were Robert Parish Moses
of SNCC?Student Nonviolent Coordi-
nating Committee?a militant leftwing
pink tinged civil rights agitating outfit,
and a man named Staughton Lynd, a
member of the faculty at Yale Univer-
sity. Both Moses and Lynd have been
active in creating racial strife in the
State of Mississippi, and are ardent ad-
vocates of the use of civil disobedience
to carry out their aims.
Robert Parish Moses, though not a
Mississippian, was one of the organizers
of the group that calls itself the Missis-
sippi Freedom Democratic Party. The
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, a
tightly knit but well organized and fi-
nanced group of racial agitators, has in-
volved itself recently in numerous mass
demonstrations in Jackson and Natchez,
Miss., as well as participating in other
similar disturbances in other communi-
ties throughout Mississippi.
A large contingent of this organiza-
tion spent the night of September 16,
1965, on the 'U.S. Capitol Grounds. In-
dividual members made speeches and
passed out literature, all in absolute vio-
lation of law, but no arrests were made.
Is it possible, Mr. Speaker, that this out-
law political group has immunity from
Federal law, simply because they agitate
in the name of civil rights?
On the other hand, Mr. Speaker, quite
a number of SNCC and FDP members
were arrested on August 9, 1965, when
they marched onto the Capitol Grounds
in a demonstration opposing our Vietnam
policy.
Staughton Lynd, the Yale professor,
organized the so-called freedom schools
in Mississippi in 1964, to train the local
people in the fine arts of the sit-in,
march-in, sit-down and go-limp tech-
niques. Staughton Lynd also organized
the student Vietnam protest in Wash-
ington last March when a sit-in was
staged within the walls of the White
House. And last May, at the University
of California at Berkeley teach-in, this
same Lynd advocated wholesale civil dis-
orders throughout the country to force
President Johnson's resignation.
Last weekend, Lynd was scheduled to
appear at a Vietnam protest rally with
James 0. Williams, chairman of Phila-
delphia's Congress of Racial Equality,
another civil rights agitating outfit.
Mr. Speaker, it is more than mere
coincidence that the leaders in the civil
rights demonstrations always turn up as
leaders of the Vietnam protest demon-
strations. I would point out that Dick
Gregory, the alleged comedian, whose
participation in civil rights demonstra-
tions has been widely heralded through-
out the country, is active, also, in the
anti-Vietnam movement. In fact, this
man was scheduled recently to speak at
a Chicago Vietnam protest meeting.
And then, Mr. Speaker, there is the
high mogul of all racial demagogues and
racketeers, the recipient of the now tar-
nished Nobel Peace Prize, the most suc-
cessful money collector of them all, the
grand high priest of civil disobedience,
the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.
This high and mighty emperor of dis-
cord, at whose feet worship thousands of
cringing politicians, has publicly pro-
tested our war against Communist
China's aggression, and has advocated
the admission of Red China to the United
Nations. That King should be parroting
the party line comes as no shock to per-
sons familiar with the background of
support for pink-tinged causes and his
association with known Communists, in-
cluding participation in activities at pro-
Communist Myles Horton's Highlander
Folk School, the notorious Communist
training school at Monteagle, Tenn.
It is becoming increasingly evident
that those trained in civil rights subver-
sion are now turning their attention to
the Communist-inspired goal?United
States withdrawal from Vietnam.
Mr. Speaker, a great number of the
professional marchers against Vietnam
policy were trained for their present
roles at the National Council of
Churches' facility at Mount Beulah, near
Edwards, Miss, financed partly with
Federal funds channeled through the
poverty program. This same Mount
Beulah was headquarters for a Head
Start project financed by 0E0 to the
tune of $1,400,000, and under the spon-
sorship of a committee composed mainly
of members of SNCC and the so-called
Freedom Democratic Party. In the past
few days, this Mount Beulah project has
been the subject of a rather revealing
and fruitful investigation in the other
body, resulting in a shutdown of Mount
Beulah's 0E0 project, and some red
faces on the part of Mr. Shriver and his
associates.
One of those who made the pilgrimage
from Mount Beulah to participate in the
August 9 anti-Vietnam demonstration in
Washington was a woman by the name
of Liz Fusco. In an interview at Mount
Beulah last June, which appeared in a
Memphis newspaper, Liz Fusco con-
tended that there were no Communists
in Vietnam, adding "That's just Govern-
ment propaganda." When she was in-
terviewed, Liz Fusco was attending an
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? HOUSE
and political integration. I think what
is needed now is for us to apply to our-
selves and to our neighbors across the
Atlantic the same ideas that we have
urged others to apply, particularly our
support for the development of the
Common Market.
But, if we can succeed, I deeply feel
that the effect of this would be to
strengthen the United Nations.
Mr. FTNDLEY. Mr. Speaker, if the
gentleman will yield further, one of the
curious aspects of State Department
policy through the years has been to en-
courage the merging of national sover-
eignty among European nations. But
never have they suggested that the
United States do any merging. It is
always for the other fellow, which seems
to me a rather dubious position to take.
Mr. FRASER. I think the comment
of the gentleman is well taken. I am
a great admirer of the work of the State
Department, but sometimes It seems that
some additional boldness and some more
aggressive initiative would be fruitful in
developing the kind of world in which
we could find western values more likely
to survive. In that connection it is my
view that the time has arrived when we
ought to use the boldness and the imag-
ination and the determination which
characterizes those who helped to bring
together the Original Thirteen Colonies
which founded this great nation.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I thank the gentle-
man from Minnesota [Mr. FRASER] for
his excellent remarks.
Mr. Speaker, I had in my own remarks
referred to determined men that were
fired with the vision of free and open
unity of States in a Federal system.
What I had in mind with reference to
this idea, of course, the gentleman from
Minnesota [Mr. FRASER] , has covered so
well, and who has in the Foreign Affairs
Committee contributed much to a better
understanding of the important legisla-
tion that comes before that committee,
and whose contributions in the past have
been great and we look forward to the
future.
Mr. ELLSWORTH. Mr. Speaker, will
the gentleman yield?
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I shall be glad to
Yield to the gentleman from Kansas.
Mr. ELLSWORTH. I thank the gen-
tleman for yielding and I certainly want
to express my appreciation for and my
recognition of the leadership and the
courage of the gentleman from Wis-
consin [Mr. ZAstocia] , in taking the lead
in introducing this resolution and in
taking this special order and in setting
the tone of the special order with his
remarks which have been so much to the
Paint and which have been so much aP-
predated by all of us who are interested
iri-this subject.
Mr. Speaker, I want to express appreci-
ation also to the gentleman from Illinois
[Mr. FINDLEY] for his longtime leader-
ship in this important area and partic-
ularly since he has been a Member of
this body, and most especially since he
has served as the chairman of the House
Republican Policy Committee Task Force
on NATO Unity.
Mr. Speaker, as everyone knows, the
NO. 198--24
gentleman from Illinois [Mr. FINDLEY]
has been a tremendous force not only in
the House of Representatives but in the
Nation in that capacity and has made
many contributions, contributions of
great substance, as well as the contribu-
tion of his own leadership in that area.
I want to express my own appreciation
especially to the gentleman from Min-
nesota [Mr. FassEa] who preceded me
here in the well of the House, for his
fine remarks. The gentleman from
Minnesota sketched the global repercus-
sions, the interests of the various nations
of the Atlantic Community in global sit-
uations from Vietnam to Africa, to Latin
America, and every zone and sector that
affects the lives of people not only of
those areas of the world but of the At-
lantic nations as well, and recognized in
his remarks the importance of develop-
ing a political structure for the working
out of the interests of all of us in these
critical areas of the world.
Mr. Speaker, I want to focus my own
remarks this afternoon on the field of
monetary and economic policy, and par-
ticularly want to stress the steps that
have already been taken, structural steps,
within the Atlantic Community to bring
the interested nations of the Atlantic
Community closer together, because im-
portant steps toward Atlantic unity have
already been taken in the broad fields of
monetary and economic policies. The
sharp focus of attention on the U.S. bal-
ance-of-payments deficits, and the ef-
fects of those deficits on the entire At-
lantic Community?including Japan?
have already made a compelling virtue
out of a cooperation among the nations
involved.
Three concrete steps have been taken.
First, the central bankers of Western
Europe, the United States, Canada, and
Japan, meet every month in Basle,
Switzerland. Second, a "Working Party
3" was set up in 1961 within the Orga-
nization for Economic Cooperation and
Development?OECD?bringing togeth-
er around the same table both treasury
and central bank officials from most of
the Atlantic nations at 4- to 6-week in-
tervals to examine each other's progress
toward balance-of-payments equilibrum.
And finally, in order to assure confi-
dence and stability in all the principal
currencies of the developed nations, the
Group of Ten was formed. Within this
Group have come additional possibilities
for frequent interchange and review as
well as action, by financial and mone-
tary officials of the Atlantic nations.
The Group of Ten has now recom-
mended the establishment of an even
closer watch?it is called multilateral
surveillance?over the ways in which
nations handle their monetary and eco-
nomic policies.
Here, then, are the seeds for fruitful
union among the free and advanced in-
dustrial nations of the world?the At-
lantic nations, if you will, and Japan?
in the critical and sensitive area of
money and economics. In a free and
peaceful community, few conditions are
more important to human development
than high and rising living standards,
ample employment opportunities, price
27299
stability, and equitable distribution of
Income. We already know that nations
require unity among themselves if these
goals are to be achieved; and we now
have the beginnings of political struc-
ture to achieve that unity.
In conclusion, may I say to the gen-
tleman from Wisconsin once again how
much we appreciate his leadership in
this area. He is one of the most power-
ful and influential members of the
House Foreign Affairs Committee, I hope
he will schedule hearings on these
resolutions at an early date in 1966.
Mr. ZABLOCKI. I commend the gen-
tleman from Kansas for his fine remarks,
and assure him I will do everything
within my power to see that the resolu-
tion will be heard as early as possible
in the 2d session of the 89th Congress.
Mr. HALPERN. Mr. Speaker, I wish
to take this opportunity to compliment
the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. FIND-
LEY], the gentleman from Minnesota
[Mr. FRASER] , the gentleman from Kan-
sas [Mr. ELLSWORTH], the gentleman
man from Wisconsin [Mr. ZABLOCKI],
and many other colleagues who are so
enthusiastically and effectively working
for a stronger Atlantic Community.
I want to fully associate myself with
the resolution sponsored in this body,
proposing that an 18-man delegation
meet with other NATO nations to ex-
plore the possibilities and timetable for
the construction of Atlantic Union.
It is ironic that we must witness at
this time the forces of disarray at work,
at a time when unity of purpose remains
as essential as ever. The United States
must take the initiative toward Atlantic
solidarity which has so obviously weak-
ened in the past few years.
It would be tragic to drift back to the
narrow nationalism of past years, for-
getting the lessons of war and destruc-
tion which have too often been caused
by petty bickering and false priorities.
We should not suppose that Atlantic
Union can be brought about overnight,
or by wishful thinking. We cannot ig-
nore the present-day realities which un-
deniably inhibit the proposed creation of
Atlantic institutions.
But it would be a serious, perhaps
drastic, error to forsake this eminent ob-
jective now. Our hope for the future
does not embody a host of suspicious na-
tional entities, all pursuing their diverg-
ent national interests without recourse to
the interests of the whole.
The United States and the West Euro-
pean states share a common historical
development. Their wealth, power and
prestige have increased enormously since
the Second World War. It is a natural,
and mutually beneficial, wish that the
nations that ring the Atlantic combine
together, not only for their own benefit
but also for the benefit of the newly
emerging nations.
With this resolution we can perhaps
reinvigorate this great endeavor.
GENERAL LEAVE TO EXTEND
REMARKS
Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that all Members de-
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14 ? CIRD_P67B9.04_46R000300140002-2
October 22, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? HOU st 27301
orientation session of the Mississippi
Freedom Democratic Party, also head- ,
quartered at Mount Beulah?along with
the National Council of Churches and the
Head Start program.
One of the most notorious of these pro-
testing our policies in Vietnam-is a young
man named Mario Salvo. This man got
his training in Mississippi in the civil
rights movement before going to Cali-
fornia to instigate the student riots at
Berkeley as leader of the so-called free
speech movement. Salvo has also been
active in meetings protesting our Viet-
nam policy.
Mr. Speaker, of the 200, people arrested
at the Capitol on August 9 in the anti-
Vietnam demonstration, at least 10 per-
cent are easily identifiable as having been
civil rights workers in Mississippi. Un-
doubtedly there were many more who
managed to escape arrest, who had come,
also, from the ranks of Mississippi's civil
rights agitators.
Mr. Speaker, I assert again that there
is a direct connection between the civil
rights demonstrations and the Vietnam
demonstrations. This connection needs
exploration and exposure.
Mr. Speaker, on October 18, 1965, At-
torney General Katzenbach is quoted by
the Associated Press as saying that the
Justice Department has uncovered
"some Communists and some persons
very closely associated with Communists"
working for the organization known as
Students for a Democr9tic Society.
The February, 1964, SDS bulletin, pub-
lished by the Students for a Democratic
Society, 119 Fifth Avenue, New York City,
contained the following article, written
by Jim Monsonis:
SNCC WILL INUNDATE MISSISSIPP/ IN siymmER
CRASH PROGRAM
Mississippi will be the main focus of at-
tention this summer for SNCC. Plans are
now being formulated, together with CORE
and local movements in Mississippi, to try to
force the issue on whether Mississippi will
remain a closed society, with the movement
chipping away gradually, or whether with
Federal help (even if reluctantly) massive
changes can occur. The program will be a
three-pronged one of voter registration, free-
dom schools (for basic political education),
and literacy and community center work. All
people are invited to participate?SNCC
wants as many workers as possible, especial-
ly those who can dig up the $200 or so it
will cost to support oneself. For applica-
tions and further details, contact the Jack-
son SNCC office: 1,017 Lynch Street, Jackson,
MoNsoms.
This same Jim Monsonis has recently
been on the Federal payroll, as an em-
iployee of the Head Start project at
Mount Beulah, near Edwards, Miss. Be-
fore going to Mount Beulah he headed
SNCC's Washington office. There is a
definite link between SNCC and the or-
ganization known as Students for a
Democratic Society so is it possible, as
General Katzenbach charges, that they
are infiltrated with Communists? And
if so, should he not take a look, also, into
the Red influences in SNCC?
Mr. Speaker, the notorious old time
hard core Communists, Carl and Ann
Braden, both of whom are active in the
anti-Vietnam movement, have been ac-
tive, also, in stirring up trouble in Mis-
sissippi under the guise of civil rights.
In fact, Carl Braden helped bring the
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
into being and has been active in sup-
porting it. Carl Braden, also, chauf-
feured Robert Parish Moses all over Mis-
sissippi 3 years ago organizing civil rights
cells, and fomenting racial trouble in
general.
Mr. Speaker, on July 28, the Freedom.
Democratic Party newsletter, circulated
generally among Negroes throughout
Mississippi in a continuing attempt to
generate unrest among our people, con-
tained an article exhorting Negroes to
refuse to support our Government in its
Vietnam effort. For the information of
Members of the House, Mr. Speaker, I
include the text of this article:
Here are five reasons why Negroes should
not be in any war fighting for America.
1. No Mississippi Negroes should be fight-
ing in Vietnam for the white man's freedom,
until all the Negro people are free in Missis-
sippi.
2. Negro boys should not honor the draft
here in Mississippi. Mothers should en-
courage their sons not to go.
3. We will gain respect and dignity as a
race only by forcing the U.S. Governmcpt
and the Mississippi government to come with
guns, dogs and trucks to take our sons away
to fight and be killed protecting Mississippi,
Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana.
4. No one has a right to ask us to risk our
lives and kill other colored people in Santo
Domingo and Vietnam, so that the white
American can get richer. We will be looked
upon as traitors by all the colored people of
the world if the Negro people continue to
fight and die without a cause.
5. Last week a white soldier from New
Jersey was discharged from the Army be-
cause he refused to fight in Vietnam. He
went on a hunger strike. Negro boys can do
the same thing. We can write and ask our
sons if they know what they are fighting for.
If he answers "freedom," tell him that's what
we are fighting for here In Mississippi. And
if he says "democracy" tell him the truth?
we don't know anything about communism,
socialism, and all that, but we do know that
Negroes have caught hell here under this
American democracy.
Mr. Speaker, I think it should be noted
that the National Coordinating Com-
mittee To End the War in Vietnam pub-
lished an appeal on September 13 for
funds to aid the defense of Pvt. Winston
Belton, noted in the press as a former
civil rights worker. This man Belton
staged a hunger strike at Fort Benning
and refused to accompany his unit to
Vietnam. For this act of insubordina-
tion and treason, this man was convicted
by a court martial, sentenced to 5 years
confinement and a dishonorable dis-
charge. Before the trial, though, a deal
had been made by General Colglazier,
4th Army Commander, who reduced Bel-
ton's sentence to a slap on the wrist
demotion of one stripe in rank. No valid
reasons have been given for this kid
glove treatment as a reward for treason.
Mr. Speaker, I could go on and on
showing examples of duplication in the
personnel, aims and tactics of the anti-
Vietnam movement, the Mississippi Free-
dom Democratic Party, various civil
rights agitating groups, and the Com-
munist conspiracy, but surely this in-
formation is readily available to the At-
torney General. The American people
are entitled to know the methods used
in financing these well-organized demon-
strations.?
Is it possible, Mr. Speaker, that the
American taxpayers are helping sup-
port these organizations through tax
exemption privileges? To what extent
are we subsidizing these demonstrations
through such programs as being carried
on by the Office of Economic Oppor-
tunity?
Mr. Speaker, this administration and
those which have preceded it have
ignored too long the root of the prob-
lem that has manifested itself in the
Vietnam demonstrations. The time has
arrived when the Communist influence
in all massive protests and civil disobe-
dience campaigns should be thoroughly
investigated and exposed to public view.
FREIGHT CAR SHORTAGE IN
THE UNITED STATES
Mr. HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, one of
the greatest needs in our country, and
particularly in the field of transporta-
tion, to adequately serve our people, is
additional freight cars, particularly in
certain types of freight cars.
Mr. Speaker, on Wednesday I advised
our distinguished majority leader [Mr.
ALBERT] that I intended to call up under
unanimous consent S. 1098, which would
amend section 1(14) (a) of the Interstate
Commerce Act to insure the adequacy of
the national railroad freight car supply.
Mr. ALBERT announced that this bill
would be called up today?CONGRES-
SIONAL RECORD, October 20, 1965, page
26741. However, yesterday I was advised
that an objection would be interposed if
unanimous consent were requested,
therefore, it will not be practicable to
take this legislation up today.
I am not surprised, Mr. Speaker, that
an objection would be interposed al-
though I must say in all candor and
frankness, I regret it very sincerely.
In view of the situation, Mr. Speaker,
I think it would be appropriate to sub-
mit for the RECORD, S. 1098, as amended
and reported by the Interstate and For-
eign Commerce Committee?Report No.
1183, October 20, 1965. It might be
helpful if at this time I make a short
explanatory statement describing the
action which we took in committee.
As most if not all of you know, there
is quite a history to this proposed legis-
lation. Ever since World War II we
have had, particularly at the time of the
fall harvest, serious shortages of freight
cars. Legislative proposals to alleviate
these shortages have been coming up be-
fore the Interstate and Foreign Com-
merce Committee of the House, the Com-
merce Committee of the other body, or
both, from time to time over the past 17
or 18 years. Almost 20 years ago, the
Interstate Commerce Commisson issued
an order in an attempt to improve the
supply of freight cars which had in it
what might be called a penalty provision
calling for an increased charge which a
railroad using another railroad's car
would have to pay for that use if the car
was not returned to its owner. A re-
viewing court, in Palmer against United
States found that the Commission's
order was not based on sufficient grounds
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14 : CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
27302 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? HOUSE October 22, 1965
and stated that the Commission's power
to fix compensation for freight car use
was not coextensive with the power to
regulate the use of cars. This case was
decided in 1947 and no appeal was taken
from it. The Commission's interpreta-
tion over the years since then has been
that its present powers under section
1(14) (a) are limited.
There is complete agreement in the
Commission and throughout the railroad
Industry that there is a car shortage and
it is also apparent that this chronic
shortage is worsening rather than im-
proving.
I can say to you that today it is worse
than it was last week. It is worse than
it was a month ago. It is worse than it
was a year ago.
After the first of the year a rule will
be sought for the purpose of calling UP
this program and clarifying the present
situation giving the Commission author-
ity to deal with it where shortages exist.
It used to be that the fall harvest sea-
son was the only critical period in a given
year. More recently serious shortages
have been occurring, particularly in the
supply of grain and lumber and plywood
cars at various times in the year.
The railroad industry may be split as
to whether or not any legislative change
Is desirable, but it is crystal clear in my
mind that if we are to get any improve-
ment?and certainly an improvement is
necessary?we will have to clarify the
powers of the Commission. S. 1098, as
amended, would do this. It is prospec-
tive in nature in the sense that the effec-
tive date for Commission action is Sep-
tember 1, 1966. This was considered
and adopted so that the railroad indus-
try through its trade associations will
have one more opportunity to come to
terms with itself.
The legislation is also a discretionary
power. It provides that in setting rates
of compensation to be paid for the use
of any type of freight car, the Commis-
sion may include--rather than shall in-
clude?an incentive element or elements,
when in the Commission's judgment
such element or elements can contribute
to sound car service practices?includ-
ing efficient utilization and distribution
of cars. By adding incentive elements to
the compensation, the Commission could
encourage the acquisition and mainte-
nance of a national freight car supply
adequate to meet the needs of commerce
and the national defense. This amend-
ment, if enacted, would become a part
of existing section 1(14) (a) of the In-
terstate Commerce Act, and thus any
action which would be related to incen-
tive elements would have to take place
after a hearing. The requirement of a
hearing is already in the statute.
One other point I might mention here,
the Commission, under this amendment,
would also be empowered to exempt from
the compensation to be paid by any group
of carriers, any incentive element or ele-
ments where such carriers are found en-
titled to such exemption by reason of
the national interest. I would stress the
point that this power would not involve
the ICC and the railroad industry in a
complete review of every type of car
which exists. The Commission would
be precluded from making any incentive
element applicable to any type of freight
car, the supply of which the Commis-
sion finds adequate.
I want to be completely candid with
my colleagues. I do not claim that this
amendment would be a panacea. If the
railroads would modify their attitudes
on this subject they may be able to solve
the problem more promptly and more
efficiently than could ever be done with
additional legislation, but it appears just
about certain that we are going to have
to encourage the railroads to cooperate
in striving to 1111 the car shortage by
clarifying and strengthening the ICC's
powers. The Commission believes, and
a number of the railroads support the
Commission in its belief, that S. 1098,
as amended, will be of great assistance
in relieving the shortage. We can't go
on doing nothing; therefore, I hope that
we can move forward on this proposed
legislation promptly in the next session.
I sincerely believe we will then see
more positive action throughout the
railroad industry. If not, when the effec-
tive date of the act arrives, the Commis-
sion will be in a much better position to
take steps to cure this problem.
Mr. Speaker, in order that those who
are interested may have advance infor-
mation as to what we propose to do, I
include at this point the bill, S. 1098,
with the amendment as reported by the
committee, which is as follows:
AMENDMENT TO S. 1098
Strike out all after the enacting clause
and insert in lieu thereof the following:,
"That section 1(14) (a) of the Interstate
Commerce Act is amended by adding at the
end thereof the following:
"'In fixing such compensation to be paid
for the use of any type of freight car, the
Commission shall give consideration to the
national level of ownership of such type
of freight Car and to other factors affecting
the adequacy of the national freight car
supply, and shall, on the basis of such con-
sideration, determine whether compensation
should be computed solely on the basis of
elements of ownership expense involved in
owning and maintaining such type of freight
car, including a fair return on value, or
whether such compensation should be in-
creased by such incentive element or ele-
ments of compensation as in the Commis-
sion's judgment will provide just and
reasonable compensation to freight car
owners, contribute to sound car service prac-
tices (including efficient utilization and
distribution of cars), and encourage the
acquisition and maintenance of a car supply
adequate to meet the needs of commerce
and the national defense. The Commission
shall not make any incentive element ap-
plicable to any type of freight car the supply
of which the Commission finds to be ade-
quate and may exempt from the compensa-
tion to be paid by any group of carriers such
incentive element or elements if the Com-
mission finds it to be in the national in-
terest.'
"Sze. 2. Any compensation fixed pursuant
to the amendment made to the Interstate
Commerce Act by the first section of this
Act shall not take effect befere September 1,
1966."
MAIL VOLUME AND PROSPERITY
(Mr. OLSEN of Montana to revise and
extend his remarks in the body of the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. OLSEN of Montana. Mr. Speak-
er, a few days ago I called my colleagues'
attention to a press release of the Post
Office Department dealing with the re-
lationship between mail volume and the
economy.
Mr. Nicholson, Assistant Postmaster -
General for Finance and Administration,
wrote me on October 1, 1965, clarifying
the Department's position on the mail
volume-prosperity relationship and dis-
agreeing with my conclusions.
My original remarks, the Depart-
ment's press release, Mr. Nicholson's let-
ter, and my reply to him follow:
MAIL VOLUME AND PROSPERITY
(Extension of remarks of Hon. ARNOLD
OLSEN, of Montana, in the House of Rep-
resentatives, Monday, September 27, 1965)
Mr. OLSEN of Montana. Mr. Speaker, the
Post Office Department for years has at-
tempted to minimize the cause-and-effect
relationship between mail volume and pros-
perity. This has been particularly true
when the Department has been attempting
to raise the postage rates.
It is gratifying, therefore, to read the Post
Office Department's press release No. 141,
dated September 26, which attributes the
unexpected and unprecedented increase in
mail volume during the past summer to "the
stimulus of a strong national economy."
The fact is, the statisticians and prognos-
ticators in the Department predicted only a
normal volume increase of 2.7 percent over
the summer of 1964, instead of which they
have been confronted with a 5.1 percent in-
crease. Since departmental officials had
based their budget and their appropriations
requests on the lesser figure, this has caused
them considerable inconvenience in operat-
ing the service.
The point is, Mr. Speaker, the business
users of the mails do stimulate and prime
the national economy. And when the na-
tional economy is thriving, the usage of the
mails increases proportionately.
This is a fact that has, in the past, been
obvious to everyone except Government ac-
countants. It is nice to see the Post Office
Department finally admitting the validity of
the obvious.
POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT RELEASE No. 141
Mail volume, a traditional barometer of
economic strength, surged far beyond expec-
tations during the past summer, under the
stimulus of a strong national economy, the
Post Office Department reported today. Here
are highlights, based on expert estimates:
1. For the first two accounting periods this
summer, from mid-June to mid-August, mail
volume jumped 5.1 percent over a compa-
rable period last year.
2. The 5.1-percent increase was almost
twice as much as a 2.7-percent increase pre-
viously forecast by Department experts.
3. The approximate 5-percent increase was
uniform in major mail categories?letters,
newspapers, and periodicals, advertising mat-
ter, reflecting uniformity of strength in many
sectors of the national economy.
4. Mail volume for the two accounting
periods of 4 weeks each rose from 9,521,117,-
000 pieces for last year to 10,003,028,000 pieces
this summer.
5. Revenue this past summer was $627,-
301,000 for the two periods compered with
$594,342,000 last year, an increase of nearly
$33 million and $8 million more than antici-
pated earlier by expert projections.
History has demonstrated the validity of
mail volume as a barometer of economic
strength. In 1929, before the depression, for
example, mail volume was nearly 28 billion
pieces. It dropped steadily to 19.8 billion
pieces in 1933, setting back the clock on mail
volume to pre-World-War-I days.
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Z7190 Approved ell\fitIketIgAgifAil kithig#FIRDHYsgQ9#46R0003001;1611Wi2 22, 1965
recognition of the national and international
significance of the purchase of Alaska by the
United States from Russia in 1867, the Con-
gress hereby declares that it is the purpose
of this Act to provide for appropriate United
States participation in the statewide 1967
? centennial celebration jointly with the State
of Alaska, through industrial, agricultural,
educational, research, or commercial projects,
or facilities which contribute to the purpose
of the celebration and result in an enduring
symbol of the significance to the United
States of its purchase of Alaska in 1867 and
a permanent contribution to the economy
of Alaska.
SEC. 2. (a) The Secretary of Commerce
(hereinafter in this Act referred to as the
"Secretary") is authorized to make grants
to the State of Alaska for use by the State,
its political subdivisions, municipalities, or
public or private nonprofit corporations to
defray no more than one-half the costs of
projects planned to support initially the 1967
Alaska Centennial as an event of national
interest. Such projects shall be eligible for
grants only after they are approved by such
department of the State of Alaska as shall
be designated for such purpose by the Gov-
ernor of the State of Alaska. In accord with
the purposes of this Act, the Secretary shall
establish additional criteria to be met by
such projects and shall promulgate regula-
tions governing the submission and approval'
of applications.
(b) It shall be a condition of the receipt
of any grant for a project that any recipient
of such grant furnish adequate assurance
to the Secretary of Labor that all laborers
and mechanics employed by contractors or
subcontractors on all construction projects
financed under this section shall be paid
wages at rates not less than those prevailing
on similar construction in the locality as de-
termined by the Secretary of Labor in ac-
cordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as
amended (40 U.S.C. 276a-5). The Secretary
Of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor
standards specified in this provision, the au-
thority and functions set forth in Reorgani-
zation Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 (15 F.R.
3176; 64 Stat. 1267; 5 U.S.C. 133z-.-15), and
section 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934, as
amended (48 Stat. 948, as amended; 40 U.S.C.
276(c)).
(c) There is hereby authorized to be ap-
propriated for the purposes of this section
not to exceed $3,000,000. Funds appropriated
under this subsection shall remain available
for expenditure until June 30, 1968.
SEC. 3. (a) The Secretary may provide for
appropriate participation by the United
States in ceremonies and exhibits which are
a part of the centennial celebration, when-
ever he finds that such participation will be
in the national interest.
(b) In carrying out the purposes of this
section, the Secretary may?
(1) provide for the display of Federal ex-
hibits at one or more sites in the State of
Alaska in buildings or structures furnished
to the United States, during the period of the
centennial celebration, except that the Sec-
retary may utilize United States owned mo-
bile geodesic domed exhibition buildings or
structures erected on land owned by the
State of Alaska or any political subdivi-
sion thereof and furnished to the United
States, without cost, during the period of the
centennial celebration;
(2) incur such expenses as may be neces-
sary to carry out the purposes of this section,
including but not limited to expenditures in-
volved in the selection, purchase, rental, cOn-
struction, and other acquisition of exhibits
and materials and equipment therefor and
the actual display thereof, and including but
not limited to related expenditures for costs
of landscaping, transportation, insurance, in-
stallation, safekeeping, maintenance and
operation, and dismantling;
(3) enter into such contracts as may be
necessary to provide for United States par-
ticipation in appropriate ceremonies and ex-
hibits which are a part of the centennial
celebration;
(4) appoint such persons as he deems to
be necessary to carry out the provisions of
this section, except that no person appointed
under this paragraph shall receive compensa-
tion from the United States at a rate in ex-
cess of that received by persons under the
Classification Act of 1949 for performing com-
parable duties;
(5) procure services as authorized by sec-
tion 15 of the Administrative Expenses Act
of 1946, as amended (5 U.S.C. 55a), but at
rates for individuals not to exceed $75 per
diem when actually employed; and
(6) accept any gifts, donations, or devices,
or loans other than of money, to be used in
carrying out the purposes of this section.
(c) In determining the exhibits to be in-
stalled by the United States during the cen-
tennial celebration and in selecting the site
or sites in the State of Alaska for such ex-
hibits, the Secretary shall consult with the
Alaska State Centennial Commission.
(d) The head of each department, agency,
or instrumentality of the Federal Govern-
ment is authorized?
(1) to cooperate with the Secretary with
respect to United States participation in the
ceremonial aspects of the centennial cele-
bration; and
(2) to make available to the Secretary
from time to time, such personnel as may
be necessary to assist the Secretary in carry-
ing out his functions under this section.
(e) There are hereby authorized to be
appropriated for the purposes of this sec-
tion not to exceed $600,000.
SEC. 4. The Secretary shall report to the
Congress within six months after the date
of the official close of the centennial celebra-
tion concerning the activities of the Federal
Government pursuant to this Act, including
a detailed statement of expenditures. Upon
transmission of such report to the Congress,
all appointments made under this Act shall
terminate and all authority conferred by
the provisions of this Act shall expire.
Mr. BARTLE'TT. Mr. President, I
move to reconsider the vote by which the
bill was passed.
Mr. SMATHERS. Mr. President, I
move to lay that motion on the table.
The motion to lay on the table was
agreed to.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senator from New York [Mr. Javirsl is
recognized.
Mr. BARTLETT. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield?
Mr. JAVITS. I yield to the Senator
from Alaska.
Mr. BARTLETT. I merely wanted to
say that I concurred in the amendment
to the Alaska centennial bill, but with
great reluctance. I am convinced that
there is a need, which will be demon-
strated, for more than $3 million; but
there is a need also for at least action at
this session of the Congress. It was with
that understanding and the recognition
of the need that I concurred.
I express my thanks once more to the
junior Senator from Michigan [Mr.
HART], who has done a magnificent job
in behalf of Alaska, who has worked
many hours upon this measure. I am
grateful to him.
I also express my thanks to the chair-
man of the full Commerce Committee,
the Senator from Washington [Mr.
MAargusorrl, who cannot be here at this
moment, but who has helped in bring-
ing this bill before the Senate.
Mr. GRUENING. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield?
Mr. JAVITS. I yield to the Senator
from Alaska.
Mr. GRUENING. I would like to join
my colleague in expressing our thanks to
the Senator from Michigan. The ability
of the junior Senator from Michigan to
get this bill through at this late hour
of the session required a high degree of
parliamentary skill and sympathetic
support.
It is my hope that when this bill goes
to conference in the coming session of
Congress, the proper amount, for reasons
which have been made clear, will be re-
stored. The original purchase price of
Alaska, $7.2 million, has already been re-
turned to the Treasury a hundredfold
or more. That is the original amount, re-
quested for matching purposes which
should be restored, and it is the appro-
priate amount that should be appropri-
ated by the Federal Government as
matching funds for the celebration of
the centen ial?that great historic event.
NSTRATIONS ON VIETNAM
POLICY
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, I wish
to say a word during this interim about
the demonstrations which have been
taking place over the past weekends in
opposition to U.S. policy in Vietnam and
of the promise for the coming weekend
of parades and demonstrations in sup-
port of our policy in Vietnam.
First, I support our policy in Vietnam,
and I disagree thoroughly with the point
made by the demonstrators against our
Vietnam policy.
Second, I point out that the_right to
expose Communist influence in these
demonstrations, which is compatible with
the Bill of Rights and civil liberties, is
entirely compatible with the policy of
the United States, and I support that.
Third, and very important, we should
be reminded of the French aphorism,
that, "I disagree with every syllable you
utter, but I will defend to the end your
right to say it."
So whatever one may think of the ob-
jectives and policies of any of these dem-
onstrations against the policy of the
President in Vietnam?and I am for
those policies?it is crucial that we re-
member that political protest is a vital
part of American life, and a part of the
Bill of Rights in the Constitution.
Let us remember, too, that it is neces-
sary to say this at this moment when so
recently many of us defended demon-
strations by Negroes for equal oppor-
tunity and civil rights, the denial which
bothered the consciences of so many of
us, and which demonstrations were very
effective in righting, at least in law, many
of the injustices which had been prac-
ticed against Negro citizens.
So we must always remember that
among the rights guaranteed our citizens
is the right of every American to be
heard in public on highly controversial
subjects, no matter how many may be
Irritated, annoyed, or disturbed, or dis-
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 2tri'Med For ReleetVeRgginikenyea/B004,H?0A3R00140002-2
27189
Its initial hearing before the Commit-
tee on Public Works.
In the Committee on Commerce T said
these words:
It was the conclusion of Senator MCNA-
MARA, of Michigan, chairman of the, Senate
Public Works Committee, that the centen-
nial bill should not be acted upon, by his
committee, and it was at the suggestion of
Senator MCNAMAR& initially that it was de-
cided to dra,w up a new bill incorporating
the recommendations of the Department of
Commerce and the Bureau of the Budget and
introduce a new, clean bill.
This was all at the suggestion or with
the acquiescence of the chairman of the
Public Works Committee. It has not
been mentioned, but it is correct to say
that the bill is approved by the admin-
istration, by the Department of Com-
merce, and by the Bureau of the Budget.
Mr. LAUSCHE. I believe that itmust
be said they have approved it and, Mr.
President, they approved it on the basis
that it is unique. By unique, I mean in
effect that it is said that there is no
other situation of a similar nature.
However, the Senator from Alaska [Mr.
BARTLETT] is correct in his statement that
the measure was approved. However, I
still do not approve of it.
Mr. WILLIAMS of Delaware. Mr.
President, as the Senator from Ohio has
pointed out, this seems to be almost a
weekly occurrence. Bills on Interania,
world's fairs, State fairs, one thing and
another, are constantly coming up in
many areas of the country, and bills are
coming into the Chamber two at a time,
In the closing days of the session.
Even if the bill were meritorious, it
could be considered later because there
Is nothing urgent about it. I believe it
is a proper request that the amount in
the bill be cut down. I understand that
the bill is very much desired in Alask a,
that there are three auttoriums in dif-
ferent areas of Alaska which they wish
to build. Even this step would allow $1
million each. If there was any merit to
the bill and additional money were
needed later, it could be provided. The
very least that could be done would be
to accept a cut at this time. I hope that
the sponsors of the bill will be willing to
do so and will accept it, in which event I
would not press for a yea-and-nay vote.
But I believe that perhaps in the inter-
ests of getting the proposed legislation
enacted into law, if we are interested
In it, it might be advisable to accept
the cut. I believe that it is a proper
suggestion.
Mr. LAUSCHE. I wish the U.S. Gov-
ernment to participate in this celebra-
tion, but I wish to do it on a reasonable
basis.
Mr. WILLIAMS of Delaware. I do,
too; and I believe that if it came back
later for real justification when we had
time to consider the bill and an addi-
tional amount was found to be needed,
It could be provided.
I agree with the Senator from Alaska
that he has already made a few cuts in
the bill. I realize how he feels about it.
Still, by making those cuts, we admit
that there is nothing sacred about the
bill.
Mr. BARTLETT. Will the Senator
from Delaware yield at that point?
Mr. WILLIAMS of Delaware. I yield.
Mr. BARTLETT. I fear that the Sec-
retary may not be fully informed, which
is quite understandable.
Mr. WILLIAMS of Delaware. I am
sure I am not, but let me say to the
Senator from Alaska that he does not
have to apologize for making his state-
ment. He is correct. That is the rea-
son I suggest that we make this cut,
because during the closing days of a ses-
sion Senators cannot possibly be fully
informed on the multitude of bills which
are rammed through the Senate in its
last hours. I believe that it is proper.
Mr. BARTLET.e. I could not agree.
The bill comes to the Senate after having
had exhaustive hearings before the Com-
mittee on Public Works, and, thanks
largely to the Senator from Ohio, before
the Committee on Commerce. But the
point I wish to make is that the State
Centennial Commission was organized 2
or 3 years ago. It has been working
diligentlY. There are not only 3 places
which will hold celebrations in connec-
tion with the centennial, but there are
also 22 communities throughout the
State involved.
Last week, I was in Fairbanks, and the
local group there took me out to its cen-
tennial site. The power shovels were
already working, and men were engaged
on the job anticipating 1967 and prepar-
ing for the fine celebrations which will
take place.
Let me emphasize that the people of
Alaska are doing their share. Already,
Fairbanks has made available $1 million
and they are spending that $1 million
right now. The people of the little town
of Sitka, which is a small town, have
bonded themselves in the amount of
$400,000, and they are ready to go even
further if the need arises. This cen-
tennial is intended to be a cooperative
project. It is not a question of three
communities engaging in a centennial
celebration.
Criteria have been established within
the bill and, additionally, the Secretary
of Commerce will establish others.
There will be close scrutiny before either
grants or allocations will be made out of
Federal appropriations. This is not a
gift that will go automatically to the
State of Alaska or any community within
It. The judgment of the Secretary of
Commerce will prevail insofar as the
Federal Government is concerned.
Mr. 'WILLIAMS of Delaware. Mr.
President, I am hoping, in the interest of
more orderly procedure, that the amend-
ment will be accepted. However, if not,
I believe it is a simple question as to
whether we do or do not, and I am will-
ing to proceed to a yea and nay vote, and
therefore suggest the absence of a
quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
clerk will call the roll,
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roil.
Mr. WILLIAMS of Delaware. Mr.
President, I ask unanimous consent that
the order for the quorum call be re-
scinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. With-
out objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. HART. Mr. President, I have
discussed this matter, in the brief pe-
riod of the quorum call, with the dis-
tinguished Senator from Alaska. With
his concurrence---and I hope I shall not
disappoint the 16 Senators who voted
favorably for it, and that they will be
patient and understanding of the way in
which we proceed at this moment- ?I
recommend that the amendment be
adopted.
The PRESIDING 0/0/0.1.CER. The
question is on agreeing to the amend-
ment.
The amendment was agreed to.
The PRESIDING OloviCER. The bill
is open to further amendment.
If there be no further amendment to
be proposed, the question is on the en-
grossment and third reading of the bill.
The bill was ordered to be engrossed
and to be read a third time.
The bill was read the third time.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President?
Mr. BARTLETT. Mr. President, will
the Senator from New York yield?
Mr. JAVITS. I yield for the purpose
of passing the bill.
Mr. HART. Mr. President, a parlia-
mentary inquiry.
The PRESIDING OrriCER. The
Senator will state it.
Mr. HART. What is the status of the
Alaska Centennial bill?
The PRESIDING OraoiCER. The
question is on passage of the Alaska
Centennial bill.
Mr. SMATHERS. Mr. President, I
suggest the absence of a quorum?
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, will the
Senator withhold that request?
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the
Senator yield?
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, I have
the floor. I have a few speeches that will
take 5 or 6 minutes. If there is any rea-
son for not delivering them at this
time--
Mr. SMATHERS. I did not under-
stand the 4nator had the floor. It was
so quiet on that side and it was so quiet
on this side that I did not realize the
Senator from New York had the floor.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, does the
Senator from Alaska desire me to yield or
to speak?
Mr. HART. Mr. President, will the
Senator yield?
Mr. JAVITS. I yield.
Mr. HART. Mr. President, a parlia-
mentary inquiry.
The PRESIDING OrrICER. The
Senator will state it.
Mr. HART. Is the pending question
the passage of the Alaska centennial bill?
The PRESIDING 0.e.rICER. The
Senator is correct. That is the question.
The third reading has been had.
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, I yield for
that purpose.
The PRESIDING Orr.i.C.u.K. The bill
having been read the third time, the
question is, Shall it pass?
The bill (S. 2614) was passed, as fol-
lows:
S. 2614
An act to provide for United States partici-
pation in the 1967 statewide celebration of
the centennial of the Alaska Purchase.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That, in
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Mtober 2,11}P_Pgeged For Re letteinftiogSVOATAPRIEINI9(19-40e9,0Pioo 40002-2
agree. An American citizen still has the
right to say his piece lawfully.
Let us note also that there are no
demonstrations in Peiping or Hanoi in
opposition to the policies of those gov-
ernments. That is one of the best rea-
sons in the world why the vast majority
of Americans oppose communism, be-
cause of the very high value which
Americans place?in many cases beyond
life itself?on the right to speak out.
That is very important. I do not
think it should be inhibited by painting
with a Communist brush everybody who
may differ with me or any one else on
Vietnam. That is a tactic which we
spurn, and which I fought against in
the late 1940's and early 1950's. If a
man or woman is a Communist, he or
she should be exposed, and we have
means to do that. But it does not nec-
essarily follow that because a person who
Participates in protest demonstrations
against our Vietnamese policy, or par-
ticipates unwittingly in demonstrations
fomented by Communists, that person is
a Communist. Our law and traditions
are that a person is innocent until he is
proved guilty.
I support the President's policy in
Vietnam. I also support the right of
demonstrators, to protest that policy.
That is important. But it is also
important for us to point out that a
person who wishes to demonstrate must
not be put in fear of being called a
Communist unless he fits that descrip-
tion,
Further, let us remember that there
are adequate laws on the books to deal
with those who wish to interfere with
troop trains, burn draft cards, engage in
or counsel draft evasion, or participate
In various other forms of unlawful pro-
test against which our society has a
right to protect itself.
I am confident that the laws governing
conscientious objectors will be found
ample for those who have feigned or il-
legitimate scruples against military serv-
ice; so that anyone who wishes to engage
in illegal activities outside the scope of
the law must take the consequences of
his actions. No orderly society can exist
otherwise.
Anyone who is a Communist should be
unrelentingly exposed so that other
Americans who may feel the need to pro-
test do not unwittingly join with Com-
munists in protest to destroy and mar the
very argument they are trying to make
to the American people.
The fundamental right to protest re-
mains. It is our duty to protect it so long
as it is carried on in accordance with the
laws of the United States, no matter how
much we disagree with what is said.
I am not squeamish about the strong
language said about the demonstrators.
They use equally strong language about
people who follow the President's policies,
including myself. America is accustomed
to strong language.
The point is twofold. We must en-
force the laws in exposing Communists,
but we must, at the same time, under-
stand that the Bill of Rights assures the
right to demonstrate and protest. We
must not paint with a Communist
brush indiscriminately those who would
protest, except in accordance with our
laws and ethics which have been devel-
oped at such great cost over the years.
I wish to finish by expressing my soli-
darity with the protests and demonstra-
tions which will occur this coming week-
end. The fact, which I believe to be the
fact, is that the overwhelming major-
ity of the American people are solidly
with the President in his Vietnam policy.
In my judgment, that is the only wise
policy for the United States,
How we handle that policy in the days
ahead in terms of what we insist on in
negotiations and other moves which we
might make to bring people to the con-
ference table is something, of course,
about which any of us may have differ-
ing views. The fundamental policy is
that we must defend freedom in South
Vietnam with armed force, and within
limitations, the President has very wise-
ly imposed, while clearly we show the
willingness to negotiate with anyone at
any time. This policy deserves the sup-
port of the American people, and I shall
support it.
At the same time that I support it, I
defend the right of those who demon-
strate lawfully to demonstrate for the
other point of view.
UNITED NATIONS DAY, 1965
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, this
Sunday, October 24, has been proclaimed
United Nations Day in the United States.
For over 20 years, the United Na-
tions has weathered crisis, insolvency,
and criticism. The United Nations has
been?and remains?a reflection of the
problems and struggles for international
peace of the world as it is. In a period
of tension and strain, of hopeful groping
and rapid change, such as the 20
years behind us, it is not surprising that
the world organization should have been
sensitive to the times. Had it not been,
we should have known it had lost touch
with reality.
The United Nations has not become
actively involved in every international
crisis of the last 20 years, but it has dealt
with many of the most critical. It has
been cautious, but not overly cautious,
about its involvement with crises. It has
often not drawn back from putting its
prestige on the line. And it has sur-
vived.
The U.N. faces dangers to its continued
effectiveness, and to its very life, every
time it is severely tested. But it should
not therefore shun the tests to avoid the
dangers, for this way lies impotence and
Paralysis. I-am gratified that, on the
contrary, the U.N. has in recent years be-
gun to tackle ever more difficult prob-
lems of peace?problems which contain
within them the distinct possibility of
failure. The U.N. has become more bold,
and that is good.
The U.N. rose up from its lowest
point?the long Assembly deadlock over
peacekeeping ' assessments?to confront
the India-Pakistan conflict. It success-
fully defused that explosive situation so
that an attempt could be made to fashion
a substantive settlement in relative calm.
The dispute still simmers dangerously,
despite the cease-fire, and the U.N. now
t 27191
faces one of the most difficult tests in its
history. It may fail?and that would
be tragic for the U.N. and for the world.
But it cannot avoid the issue?it can-
not avoid completely any issue which
threatens world peace. For it sharpens
and strengthens itself as it takes on ever
more delicate tasks. Even when it fails
to achieve what it sets out to do, it grows
In sophistication and it devises new
methods and procedures, and it is gen-
erally the nation which refuses to com-
ply with a U.N. mandate, which sabo-
tages its efforts, or which frustrates its
purposes, that suffers most in the opin-
ion of mankind.
I would rather see a vigorous, cour-
ageous, strong, and active U.N. which
sometimes fails, but never shuns its
unique responsibilities to mankind, than
a weak and cautious body, fearful even
after 20 years that a single failure may
destroy it. The U.N. should be given con-
stantly new life and vigor and be encour-
aged to act as a more positive and vital
force for international peace than ever
before.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that the Presidential proclamation
of United Nations Day, 1965, be printed
in the RECORD at this point.
There being no objection, the proc-
lamation was ordered to be printed in
the RECORD, as follows:
um.= NATIONS DAY, 1965
(A Proclamation by the President of the
United States of America)
Whereas the year 1965 will mark the 20th
anniversary of the signing of the United Na-
tions Charter in San Francisco; and
Whereas the year 1965 has been designated
by the United Nations General Assembly as
International Cooperation Year, and I have
so proclaimed it for the United States; and
Whereas our own peace and prosperity is
directly interwoven with the peace, pros-
perity, and development of the rest of man-
kind; and
Whereas our? future is made more secure
When we can share with other members of
the United Nations the responsibility for
keeping the peace and building a better
world; and
Whereas the United Nations, despite many
difficult problems, is the best organization
yet devised in which nations can work to-
gether for world peace; for promotion of
fundamental human rights, justice, and the
rule of law among nations; and for social
progress and better standards of living; and
Whereas it is essential in our democratic
society to maintain informed public support
for U.S. policies in the United Nations; and
Whereas enlightened public opinion in this
regard requires accurate and timely infor-
mation about the United Nations and its
large family of agencies whose activities serve
the United States and all other members;
and
Whereas the General Assembly of the
United Nations has resolved that October 24,
the date of the coming into force of the
United Nations Charter in 1945, should be
dedicated each year to making known the
purposes, principles, and accomplishments of
the United Nations;
Now, therefore, I, Lyndon B. Johnson,
President of the United States of America,
do hereby proclaim Sunday, October 24, 1965,
as United Nations Day, and urge the citizens
of this Nation to observe that day by means
of community programs which will con-
tribute to a realistic understanding of the
aims, problems, and achievements of the
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
27192 Approved F.9.0e4ppe.49,91/11004(WAR..pQM11146R000300110a272 zz ?? ?
l luoa
United Nations and its associated organiza-
tions.
I also call upon officials of the Federal and
State GOvernments and upon local officials
to encourage citizen groups and agencies of
communication?press, radio, television, and
motion pictures?to engage in special and
appropriate observance of United Nations
Day this year in cooperation with the United
Nations Association of the United States of
America and other interested organizations.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set
my hand and caused the Seal of the United
States of America to be affixed.
Done at the city of Washington this ninth
day of April in the year of our Lord nineteen
hundred and sixty-five, and of the Inde-
pendence of the United States of America the
one hundred and eighty-ninth.
r SEAL LYNDON B. JOHNSON.
1\ DEMONSTRATIONS ON UNITED
STATES VIETNAM POLICY
Mr. HICKENLOOPER. I wish to say
to the Senator from New York that the
last few days I believe some rather in-
teresting developments have been going
on all over the country.
I have noticed in the news stories in
a number of our colleges, where a lot of
people have alleged there was strong dis-
ruptive influence of one kind or another,
attempting to tear down the American
policy, that the students themselves
have started to take care of this problem.
I am convinced that 99 percent of the
students in our colleges are completely
in accord with the vigorous promotion of
American policy. But unfortunately the
people who are satisfied with American
policy, the one-tenth, are not the noisy
demonstrators.
Most of them do not grow beards, or
things of that kind. They have their
laundry done regularly.
But I notice that in colleges the stu-
dents are beginning to ban together to
put down this irrational activity that
occurs.
I received today, for instance, from a
colleague in my State, which is a semi-
nary for training of ministers, a resolu-
tion. The resolution was allegedly
unanimous opinion of the student body.
It was adopted unanimously by the stu-
dent body of the seminary. It com-
pletely endorsed our policy in Vietnam
and suggested that they did not want us
to think that the students or the great
majority of students were joining in
these demonstrations and fanatical per-
formances which are going on in some
areas of the country.
I would not be surprised if these
demonstrations get noiser, that is, these
erratic demonstrations in opposition to
American victory and success in Viet-
nam.
If the demonstrations continue I would
not be surprised if the students did not
take care of the matter themselves. At
least from what has appeared in the last
few days it is going to be a very interest-
ing development.
3 have seen this happen before. I re-
member after World War I we had a
song, "I Didn't Raise My Boy To Be a
Soldier" and Peace-at-any-price Troops;
and they would not fight, and they would
not do this, or that.
It is still a minority, hardly big
enough to call a minority that were
noisy, but it disappeared eventually.
I believe our students are really 'very
sensible and very objective when they
make up their minds. They will prob-
ably go a long way to take care of this
situation themselves.
Mr. JAVITS. The Senator from Iowa
is a thoughtful man.
I believe one of the proudest things
about the American citizen is his feeling
for civil liberty. I have heard it ex-
pressed in colleges time and time again,
and also here.
I agree with the Senator that the
students will demonstrate overwhelming
support for the basic policy of the
Nation.
I might point out to the Senator, as
to the 10,000 or 12,000 that demonstrated
in New York City, that when one con-
siders the size of our population and the
size of the student population, that is
not a great number.
Mr. HICKENLOOPER. I do not know
too much about New York City. But I
have seen a lot of student activities in
my day. One way or another, it is my
guess that the overwhelming number of
students that participate in these dem-
onstrations are going along for the ride
and for the excitement. It is only a
hard core that is dedicated to this world-
saving purpose which they allege.
Mr. JAVITS. The Senator is corrrect.
When there is exposure of those with
whom they are associated in the purpose
they are leading themselves, I do not
want them to withdraw in stubbornness
because everyone is calling them Com-
munists.
I believe that as legislators it is our
duty to hold clear to the basic policy of
our Government, at the same time as
we exhibit faith-backing confidence on
the floor for the young people them-
selves.
Mr. HICKENLOOPER. I believe the
youngsters will do a lot to take care of
this matter.
The Senator mentioned something
about conservative. I do not know
whether these people are conservatives
or the fringe elements. I believe we are
all down the middle of the road in
American policy.
I draw a distinction between the fun-
damental right to assemble, and even
protest, which I believe is a basic right
that must be protected and must be
maintained, and rabble-rousing mobs
that incite people to violate the law.
There has been too much of that in this
country in the last 2 or 3 years at vari-
ous points. It goes clear beyond the ob-
jective right to peaceable assembly and
to express oneself. Too often 3 has gone
over into rabble rousing and mob incite-
ment, resulting in injuries and sometimes
death.
Mr. JAVITS. That is exactly our re-
sponsibility?to keep the channels clear
and to enforce the law. That was the
purpose of my statement today.
Mr. HICKENLOOPER. There are
laws to take care of those things; but
unfortunately, on so many occasions, the
officials charged with the responsibility
to enforce the law have not enforced it.
Mr. JAVITS. That is our job.
Mr. HICKENLOOPER. That is an
administrative responsibility, because the
laws are already on the books.
Mr. JAVITS. I understand; nonethe-
less, we have legislative oversight. Our
views are very important in the country.
I spoke for the purpose of putting in
focus support for law enforcement and
also support for people who legitimately,
honestly, and peaceably exercise their
rights under the Constitution.
Mr. HICKENLOOPER. Do not mis-
understand me. The Senator from New
York presented his views succinctly and
powerfully. I am not taking issue with
them at all. Perhaps I am philosophiz-
ing a bit beyond the bounds of good judg-
ment on the last day of the session.
Mr. JAVITS. The Senator from Iowa
Is quite within his rights. He always
makes an excellent contribution to de-
bate.
CAIRO ASKS RECORD UNITED
STATES Hyr,p
Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, this
morning's New York Times indicates that
President Nasser's United Arab Repub-
lic has made a record request for eco-
nomic aid from the United States, and
that President Johnson may well be
waiting for Congress to adjourn before
announcing his decision because of the
long history of expressed congressional
concern regarding Egyptian aid.
It would seem that the United States
alternates between being the United
Arab Republic's chief target for invec-
tive and the United Arab Republic's chief
object for aid requests.
While, on the one hand, none of us
wishes to see the Egyptian people reduced
to starvation, on the other hand, there
must be valid questions raised as to
whether our aid will have the ultimate
effect of bolstering President Nasser's in-
ternational adventuring at the expense
of world peace and security, and to the
detriment of his own domestic economy,
including the arms race in which he is
now engaged.
We must have assurance that our aid
will not strengthen the Nasserite effort to
drive our British allies from South
Arabia and Aden.
In the Interest of keeping peace in the
Middle East, all we have now is Nasser's
pledge to the Arabs to build up his
strength so that he can, as soon as pos-
sible, pursue his war of extermination
with Israel.
Will our aid strengthen this resolve?
Will the arms race continue and ac-
celerate?
Will President Nasser again go back
on his word to withdraw the troops
which he has maintained at great cost
In lives and fortune in the Yemen?
Will United Arab Republic agents con-
tinue to stir up mischief against free gov-
ernments and against the West in both
Africa and in the Near East? Will the
United States continue to be a major
target of the Nasser propaganda ma-
chine both in the United Arab Republic
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
United Netione end its asmatated -organise- it ,tg Ant ap tainerity, hardly. big week& .charged with the
Dona. enough to call a minority that, were to enforce the law have not
state oomiunent:504314PaeignieStrdelintit141$411PP.-eifiteROPOIN004461WOOKKTPP2
I also call upon
believe our -StUdents are teeny very Mr. EUmcian
sensible and very objeetive when they
make Up their minds. They will Prob-
ably go a long way to take care of ?this
situation theareelves.
Mr. JAVITS. The Senator from Iowa,
is a thoughtful mon. '
I believe-me of the proudest things
about the American citizen is his feeling
for civil liberty- I Wive heard tt ex-
pressed in colleges time and time again,
arid also here.
agree with the Senator that the
students will demonstrate overwhelming
support for the basic policy of the
Nation.
/ might point but to the Senator, as
to the 10,000 or 12.000 that dentonstrated
in New York City, that wheat one con:,
eiders the size of our population and the
size of the strident population, at* Is
not a great number.
Kr. RICSENLOOPER. ?I do not know
too much about New. York City. - Bet
have seen a lot of student activitlea- in
my day. Gine way ot another, it it my
guess that the OVerithehning number of
students that participate In these dem-
onstrations are going along for the ride
and for the excitement- It is otile a
hard core?that Is dedicated to this *ortd-
seeing purpose whfeh they allege. -
Mr. JAVreS. The Senator' is =Street.
When there is exposure of those with
whom they are sesociated he the tentage
they are leading theology/ea, 1 dei "not
want (bent 40 Inthdritvi in stqbbortnnee
because everyone is calling theta Odin-
rminbste.
I believe that aii legislators It flour
duty to held clear to the beaks Paley Of
our Government, at the genie thrie
we exhibit faith-backing confidence on
the floor for the *mg P6016011441-
Mr. IIICICENLOOPEtt. I 'be-ASS' a.the
youngsters wlUdo a lot to tak.eriare of
this matter. ,
The Senator mentioned somethhig
about conservative. I do not know
whether these Mtge are Axmeerrativai
or the fringe eletheiget. I believe we are
all down the middle of the -road in
American policy.
I draw a distinction between thainne
demented right to assemble, and even
Protest. which I believe is .a blade 'tent
that mast be protected and Must he
maintained, and rabble-cousins ? Mobs
that incite reorde to violate the ..invr.
There has been too muoh of thee In this
country in the bet S or 3 years at Made
cue points. It goes clear beyond the on-
Jeotive right to peaceable assembly and
to express oneself. Too often it hasgone
over into rabble rousing and Mob incite,
ment, resulting in injuries and sometinres
death. - -
Mr. JAVITS. That is exactly our le,4
SDOthsibility--40 keep the channels dear
and to enforee the is,w. That was the
purpose of my statement today.
. Mr. BICKENLOOPER. There are
laws to take cam of those things; We
nefortunatelY, on so many 0006310M, the
to encetirage eitiren groups and agencies of
oommunication--press, radio, television, end
motion pictures?to engage special and
appropriate ohmereinos of United Nations
Day this year in evaporation with the United
Nations Association of the United States of
America and other interiseted argent:141one.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set
my hand and ranged the Seal of the United
States of Ameriee to be eased.
Done at the city of Washington this ninth
day of April in the year of our Lord nineteen
hundred and sixty-Ave. and of the Inde-
pendence of the United States of America the
one hundred and eighty-ninth.
tow.) Lricuoir 13. JONDISOW.
DEPIONSTRATIONS urn.=
ormus VININAM POLICY
Ur. ILICKENLOOPER. I wish to say
to the Senator'from New York that the
last few days believe Some rather in-
teresting developments have bout going
on all over the country.
I have notioed in the news storey in
a number of our colleges, where a lot of
people have alleged there was strong des-
ruptive influence of one kind or another,
attempting to tear down the American
that the students themselves
have started to take care of this problem.
I am convinced that 09 percent of the
students in our colleges ate completely
In acoord with the vigorous promotion of
American ponce,. But unfortunately the
people who are satisfied with American
policy, the One-tenth. are not the noisy
demonstrators.Most ag them do not grew beards, or
things of that kind. They have their
laundry done regularly.
But I notice that in colleges the Stu-
dents are beginning to ban together to
put down this 'Irrational activity that
occurs.received today, for instance, from a
Onnearne in MY State. which Is a semi-
nary for training of Ministers, a resolu-
tion. The resolution was ? allegeder
unanimous opinion, of the student body.
It was adopted .unanimously by the stu-
dent body of the seminary.. com-
pletely endorsed our policy in Vietnam
and suggested that they did not want us
to think that the students or the great
majority of students were jOining hi
these derrionstrations and fanatical per-
formances which are going on in some
areas of the country.
I would nitt be surprised U these
elensonetratione get noises., that is, them
erratic demonstrations in opposition to
American victory and success in Viet-
.
narn.
If the demonstrations continue I would
not be surprised if the students did nut
take care of the matter themeelves., At
least from what has appeared In the last
few days it is going to be a very interest-
ing development.
I have seen this happen before. I re-
member after World War I we had a
song, 'T Didtet,Itatse My By To Be a
Soldier and Peace-at-any-price Troops:
and they would not fight, and they mead
not do-'Wrier that,
administrative resoOr41.1411
laws are already eh- trip?
- Mr. JAV1113. I itiideiet4154
tea, we have legislalliClivaitre
views are very Important Irkt-
I spoke for the Wipoeif of .;,.
focus !support for bier Of
Ore support for people wi
horieotlY,, -and Peaceably
tights Under the Constietilicke72,
Mr. TUCKENLOOPEa be riot i
understand me. l'he:Elene,,
York Pteittrited his !item feqterfoetar
powerfully. r am not taking' isaire_'WIth-
them at all. Perhaps / am pliiidebnisit--
ing a bit beyond the bounds of *Odd
merit on the bud day of the
Mr: sAvrra: *me Senator *Ohl Xonit
Is quite within his rights. "IticahrifYIS -
maket an excellent "pottribution to dt4:
_ . _
Pate.
. - ? ?
CAIRO ASKS RECORD tIff4'1I1D'
STATES HELP ,
Mr. JAVrra Itr. President, _We
morning's New Yost Timm iridioates that
President Nasser's United Arab Rep*.
110 has made a record requesttor- 00P-
110MI6 aid from the United' strites, arid
that. President Johnson may 'Well be
waiting for Congress tit atetittere befitee
announcing his decision becouse`Of the
long history of expressed , oortenn0,_
extereern regarding EtYPelitiveltt '
would seem that t/le, 'UMW. 13tatist
alternates 'between being the Urinal
Arab Republic's thief target ferlinefee
ttes.and the Unitedarab Rdpublies clAtf
object for aid requests. .
. While, -on the one nand: Ilene of Ile
wishes to see the Egeptian O&M reduced
to starvation, on the other hand,. there
Must he valid questions raised as' .to
Whether our aid win have the dlibliate
effect
of bolstering President Nitiselotirie
ternational, adventuring at the es*
Of world peens and security, and to
detriment of his own dement? eeteorny,
including the arms race in which he is
now engaged.
.We must have 'assurance that our aid
will not strengthen the Ne.seerite effort te
drive our British alike from south
Arabia tun! Aden.
In theintorest of keeping peace in the
Middle East, all we have now is Nasserri
pledge to the Arabs to build .,up his
strength so that he can, as aton es:Des-
Able. pursue his war of extermination
with Israel. .
. .
Will onr aid etrengthen this resolve?
Will the arms race continue arid ac-
celerate?,
. Will President Nasser again go back
on, hie word to withdraw the, tract*
Which he has maintained at great emit
In lives and fortune in the Yemen?
Will United Arab Republic agents cen-
tinue to stir up mischief against free gov-
etuneents and against the West in both
Africa' and in the Near East? ' Will the
United States continue to be a major
target of the Nasser propaganda ma-
chine both in the United Arab Republic
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
(.1CKtler z, .110)
? ezeasure, they will be able to do a much
better job in the rolmseeteamsti Igo
costly equipment. GAO, as I wide ?
has recommended replacement of pre(e
ent automatic data processing manage,
ment procedures for some 7 years.
I am advised that cost of the present
management procedures now stands at
some $3 billion annually. I am further
advised that the Comptroller General has
estimated that through the coordinated
management program called for in H.R.
4845. possibly as much as $200 million
annually can be saved.
I do indeed believe, Mr. President, that
this legislation will prove most worth-
while, and I certainly support it. I am
happy to note that this measure's pas-
sage is largely the result of much effort
and hard work by the distinguished Con-
gressman, JACK BROOKS, of Texas, chair-
man of the Government Activities Sub-
committee of the Government Opera-
tions Committee of the House.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
bill is open to amendment.
If there be no amendment to be pro-
posed, the question is on the third read-
ing and passage of the bill.
The bill (H.R. 4845) was ordered to a
third reading, was read the third time,
and passed.
Mr. JACKSON. Mr. President, I move
that the vote by which the bill was passed
be reconsidered.
Mr. MUNDT. Mr. President, I move
to lay that motion on the table.
The motion to lay on the table was
agreed to.
Mr. DOUGLAS. Mr. President, I sug-
gest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFF14.;Eit. The
clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call
the roll.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that the ordet
for the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. With-
out objection, it is so ordered.
l..L.11`i Itt,33.1 AN /IL
ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC
COOPERATION
As in executive session,
Mr. MANSFIELD Mr. President,
ask unanimous consent that the Senate,
as in executive session, proceed to the
consideration of the nomination of
Philip H. Trezise, of Michigan, to be the
respreeentative of the United States of
America to the Organization for Eco-
nomic Cooperation and Development..
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
The nomination' will be stated.
The legislative clerk read the nomina-
tion of Philip A. 'Iresise to be the repre-
sentative of the United States of Amer-
ica to the Organization for Economic
Cooperation.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore. Without objection, the nomination
is confirmed; and the President will be
notified forthwith.
jr, 'Lki., a. a-
AS A SENATE DOCUMENT
VAM WIWI:PIM
'
-"TEACH-IN MOVEMENT''
Mr. MANSFIELD Mr. President, I
ask that the Chair lay before the Renate
a message from the House on Senate
Concurrent Resolution 65.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore laid before the Senate the amend-
ment of the House of Representatives to
the concurrent resolution B. Con. Res.
65) to authorize the printing as a Senate
document of 10,000 copies of a study en-
titled "The Antt-Vietnarn Agitation and
the Teach-in Movement," prepared for
the use of the Subcommittee on Internal
Security of the Senate Committee on the
Judiciary, which was, in line 7, strike out
all after "printed" down through and
including "Judiciary." in line 9, and in-
sert "22,975 additional copies, of which
10,000 copies shall be for the we of the
Senate Committee on the Judiciary, 10,-
975 copies shall be for the use of the
House of Representatives, and 2,000
copies shall be for the House Document
Room."
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
move that the Senate concur in the
amendment of the House.
The motion was agreed to.
BENJAMIN A. RAMELB
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
.ask that the Chair lay before the Senate
a message from the House of Repre-
sentatives on 8.149.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore laid before the Senate the amend-
ments of the House of Representatives
to the bill (S. 149) for the relief of Ben-
jamin A. Ramelb, which were, on page
1, line 5, strike out "legal" and insert
"court-appointed"; on page 1, line 6,
strikt? out. "$68,240" and insei t "$50,000";
on page 2, line 1. strike out 'Act" and
Insert "section", and on page 2, after
line 8, insert:
- Sac, 2. That, additionally, the Secretary
of the Treasury la authorised and directed
to pay, out of any money in the Treasury
not otherwise appropriated, to Nicholas
Rarnelb, father of Benjamin A. Ramelb, the
sum of .6,000 in full settlement of all his
claims against the United States for est-
penses incurred in providing necessities for
his son, Benjamin A. Rearielb, since the said
Benjamin A. Rarnelb attained his majority.
No part of the amount appropriated in this
section shall be paid or delivered to or re-
ceived by any agent or attorney on account
of services rendered in connection with this
claim, and the same shall be unlawful, say
contract to the contrary notwithstanding.
Any person violating the provisions of this
Act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor
'and upon conviction thereof shall be !Mediu
'eny sum not exceeding $1,000.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
move that the Senate concur in the
amendments of the House.
,The motion was agreed to.
KIM SUNG JIN
4117t egg . n gr. President, I
91111fIkfore the Senate
message from the House on S. 1647.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tern-
pore laid before the Senate the amend-
ment of the House of Representatives to
the bill (3. 1647) for the relief of Kim
Sung :Tin, which was, to strike out all
after the enacting clause and insert:
That, for the purposes of sections 203(a)
(2) and 205 of the Immigration and Na-
tionality Act, Elm Sung ,nn shall be held and
considered to be the natural-born alien son
of Mr. and Mrs Joe Sims Junior, citizens of
the United States. Provided. That the nat-
ural parents of the beneficiary shall not by
Virtue of Such parentage, be accorded any
right, privilege, or status under the Inuni-
? gratlon and Nationality Act
. Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, on
August 12, 1965. the Senate palmed S.
1647, to deem the beneficiary to be an
eligible orphan. On August 19, 1965, the
Hcnzse of Representatives passed EL 1647,
with an amendment to grant the bene-
fietary second preference status as the
natural-born alien son of U.S. citizens.
Mr. President, I move that the Senate
concur in the amendment of the House.
The motion was agreed to.
REPORT OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS
AND STATISTICS FOR 89TH CON-
GRESS, 1ST SESSION
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that the Senate
Democratic policy committee be per-
mitted to print as a Senate document the
yearend report of accomplishments and
statistics for the 89th Congress, 1st see-
arlon, together with a statement by me.
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
pore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
AUTHORIZATION FOR COMMITIEE
ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS
. TO FILE REPORTS FOLLOWING
THE ADJOURNMENT OF CON-
GRESS
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I
ask unanimous consent that the Com-
mittee on Government Operations be au-
thorized le file reports with the Secre-
tary of the Senate during the adjourn-
ment sine die of the 89th Congress, let
session, and that they be printed: .
The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem-
Pore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
STATEMENT OF a Ita LEGISLATIVE
RECORD OF 'Mk.; 89TH CONGRESS,
1ST SESSION.
Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President,
Congress is about to conclude one of the
most productive sessions in the history of
this Republic. Historians may find it
difficult to apply a one-word label to
Identify the Congress. It could be
labeled the education Congress, because
for the first time in history it was able
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
A6062
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RQP671300446R000300140002-2
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD?APPENDIX October 22, 1965
Ella Gale tells "How to Stretch Your
Food Dollars" in a meaty chapter. She
describes in detail how to comparison
shop, find the stores with the best buys,
and she urges consumers to arm them-
selves against becoming impulse buyers.
She warns:
This kind of buying is a real strain on the
Income and must be avoided if you are in.
earnest about stretching your dollars. It is
easy. Never go shopping unchaperoned.
Take a shopping list with you and stick to
it.
"$$$ and Sense," is bursting with in-
formation on how to save money, or, to
be more accurate, how to stretch your
dollar. Her chapter "Buying on Credit"
Illustrates how you can save as much as
$57.58 in interest charges when you make
a $200 purchase on the installment plan.
She also tells in simple, down-to-earth
terms how to figure true interest rates.
Since trading stamps have become a
problem of concerti to the Congress, h
chapter On trading stamps is of particu-
lar interest to us in the Congress. She
says:
I found it extremely difficult to compare
an item at the trading store with the same
thing at one or more discount stores.
Checking the prices of a nationally ad-
vertised electric iron, it sold for $17.88
in a discount store, and for 6% books of
stamps at the trading stamp redemp-
tion center. Figuring the stamps are
worth $3 per book, the iron cost approxi-
mately $20.25 in trading stamps. She
concludes with:
/ checked the large department store in
town that claims it cuts prices to meet the
discount store prices. It carried the same
iron for only $13.98?a $4 saving over the
discount store. Obviously, the best place to
buy was the department store, not the trad-
ing stamp center or the discount store.
In the chapter "Your Dream Home,"
Ella Gale has a 22-point check list for
new home purchasers. For those who
want to buy older homes, she not only
warns of 23 hidden dangers, but lists
costs and hazards of renovations and
repairs.
The book is full of tips--to save dollars.
There is specific information on how to
buy sheets, towels, blankets, bedspreads.
How to select and save on furniture, car-
pets, curtains, and mattresses. She
carefully describes how to save money
on electrical equipment and tells under
what conditions it is better to use a self-
service laundry than to purchase a wash-
ing machine. The food and clothing
chapters are loaded with information on
how to buy every kind of canned, frozen,
ifresh, and packaged food, and every
item of clothing for men, women, and
children. She warns of deceptive ad-
vertising, phoney markups, and phoney
markdowns, and, a subject of interest to
many of us in the Congress, deceptive
packaging and labeling.
According to Ella Gale, if a detergent
costs, say, $2.15 for 9 pounds, 13 ounces,
"it still is almost impossible for the aver-
age housewife to determine the best buy
unless She has a computer or a cost-
weight table." And so, she has included
in the book a marvelous hew cost-weight
table, developed by Cornell University.
Readers of "$$$ and Sense" will be able
to tell at a glance, the Cost per pound of
everything from toothpaste to dehy-
drated potatoes.
This is the first time a book has ap-
peared under the authorship of Ella Gale.
And, I would like to take this oppor-
tunity to reveal that she is someone
many of you know, for she has been a
part of the Washington scene for many
years. You know her as Ella G. Roller,
and under this name she is known to
many of my constituents, since as far
back as 1948.
I deem it a pleasure to have had the
opportunity of bringing to your attention
Ella Gale's "$$$ and Sense, Your Com-
plete Guide to Wise Buying." It is com-
plete in its coverage, easy to read and
often 'vely in its style.
he Protest Marches on Vietnam Policy
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. E. C. GATHINGS
OF ARKANSAS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, October 22, 1965
Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, patri-
otism is always in style. To honor your
country, to believe in its heritage and
hard-won freedom and liberty makes for
good citizenship. It would be well for
America's youth to study more about our
stalwart founders of this Nation. All
of us could very well do that. Especially
should this apply to the misdirected, the
easy mark, the misfit type of humanity
who oppose the Nation's effort to snuff
out Communist aggression in southeast
Asia and elsewhere.
The marches and demonstrations
against our country's Vietnam policies
are shocking and despicable. These
many demonstrations over a wide area
do not just happen of their own accord.
There is concerted organization and
planning behind them. News media
broadsided these protest marches since
it was felt that they were newsworthy.
The sensational is depicted, whereas
when a person goes into the armed serv-
ices and does his duty little is said re-
garding his love of country and devo-
tion to the job he is doing.
The Nation is faced with two extrem-
ist elements. Organized troublemakers
have been known to join either one or
both of the movements.
I believe firmly in the right of assem-
bly and petition. I favor free speech in
the exercise of one's expression of opin-
ion. I also believe in obedience to the
law. The destruction of draft cards, the
flouting of local, State, and National laws
should result in prosecution and suitable
punishment.
Our Nation has consistently urged ne-
gotiations to stop the fighting in Viet-
nam. If these gullible youths want to
stop the fighting in Vietnam, they could
very well change the wording of their
placards and urge that Communist in-
filtration and aggression be ended.
There should be no doubt about who is
responsible for the prolonged fighting in
Vietnam.
While the press has publicized these
most deplorable and shocking marches,
the editorial columns of the papers
throughout the land rebuke vociferously
such demonstrations. Campaigns are
underway by the National Jaycees, vet-
erans organizations, and college students
on many campuses reverberating their
support for the Nation's Vietnam policy.
Rallies are being held on college cam-
puses where previously demonstrations
were carried on in the interest of our
pulling out of Vietnam. America will
not condone the practices being perpetu-
ated by these radical elements. Offen-
sive action to combat them are in order
and being used effectively.
The Eisenhower, Kennedy, and John-
son administrations have all fully sup-
ported our Vietnam policies. The best
course to pursue in bringing peace in
southeast Asia is the continuation of of-
fensive action on the part of the United
States, South Vietnamese, and other
allies who are fighting the Communist
aggressors. Strength and firmness are
the only assurances of bringing peace.
The Arkansas Gazette of October 19
carried a forceful and timely editorial
entitled "The Protest Marches on Viet-
nam Policy." I hope my colleagues will
read this excellent article. It follows:
THE PROTEST MARCHES ON VIETNAM POLICY
What is most striking about the weekend
protests against U.S. policy in Vietnam is
that those who were shouting and moraliz-
ing in the streets have neither defined ade-
quately what they don't like about American
involvement nor offered any alternatives to
fighting the Vietcong other than the impli-
cation that we should effect a humiliating
withdrawal. Exercise of such an alternative
would amount to handing southeast Asia to
the Communists, something the United
States can never do and expect to retain its
own and the free world's peace and security.
The Vietnam fighting is not, of course, a
war following a declared act of Congress,
although congressional backing of the Presi-
dent has been close to it. U.S. action there
Is a military reinforcement of a political
policy and in that posture any legal and
peaceful demonstrations?as silly or repug-
nant as they may be?against the policy,
consistent with the democracy for which our
men are fighting in Vietnam, must be ac-
cepted by the rest of us. And it must be
recognized that our engagement in Vietnam
raises valid questions of national policy that
should be heard and considered even if, in
the end, there are still no practicable alter-
natives.
It was preposterous, on the other hand, for
a group at Madison, Wis., to attempt a citi-
zens arrest of an Air Force base command-
ant; or for a document to be distributed at
Berkeley, Calif., saying that draft eligible
youths might fake homosexuality, or arrive
at selective service examinations drunk or
"high" on narcotics or try to bribe doctors
for certificates of disability. This kind of
draft-dodging is not only contemptible but
also might be interpreted as criminal fraud
to beat the draft laws. When protests take
the form of the Madison and Berkeley ac-
tions they won't be condoned and cannot be
Justified.
In sum, and apart from the possible Com-
munist involvement cited by the Justice De-
partment, the marches reflect the thinking
of only the tiniest minority of the American
people. The militant assertion of the anti-
involvement viewpoint benefits only those
Who wish to prolong the fighting. Commu-
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14 : CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 22 1965
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX
homemakers service, with volunteers to do
cooking and housework for those families
that need it in emergencies, and can't afford
it. A Federal grant and income from fees
will defray most of the $24,000 cost.
LEAP has also prevailed on Iowa State Uni-
versity to open up a new homemaking ex-
tension service to needy rural areas which
will operate through the local antipoverty
center in Chain Lakes.
LEAP is working with, the State voca-
tional rehabilitation office, and local busi-
ness groups, on a sheltered workshop, to make
the handicapped self-supporting. A private
nonprofit corporation will be formed to set
up a factory of sorts with the emphasis on
people, rather than products. This will cost
about $30,000 with the State giving half.
LEAP will work with the chamber of conk-
merce in hopes of setting up Cedar Rapids'
first small business administration center,
for loans and other help to small or marginal
businesses.
For rural areas, there'll be a neighborhood
council meeting in the Toddville area this
week, to explain what's involved in securing
rural family loans for agriculture under ..the
poverty bill.
County Social Welfare Director James
Nisley is working up an eligibility list for a
work-experience program, to develop job
skills for heads of households on ADC or
relief.
For college students, LEAP is working to
broaden a work-study program, part-time
work for needy college students, something
already underway at Mount Mercy College.
LEAP officials hope to get something simi-
lar going at Coe College.
Rural library service was discussed by the
county supervisors 2 years ago, but dropped
for apparent lack of interest. As evidence of
the success of these neighborhood councils,
leaders in the Chain Lakes area are asking
for the council to reconsider.
No application has been made yet for vol-
unteers in service to America, VISTA, as it
is called, the old Peace Corps at home idea
Which is the crux of the poverty program in
some areas, but Nummela has indicated he
may apply for 2 or 3 to help with senior
citizens.
The neighborhood council has worked so
well in the three areas where it as been
established, there's interest in getting at least
two More councils set up in the future.
All of these programs are in the planning
or early execution stage. It will take a year,
perhaps longer, to see what they can do.
But if they can break the eycle of poverty,
make more people more productive, it won't
be just a social victory. Winning even a few
battles in the war on poverty can provide an
economic shot in the arm, akin to getting a
brand new industry.
Gen. Robert E. Wood Warns Against Re-
lease of Panama Canal Control
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. ROBERT McCLORY
Or ILLINOIS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, October 22, 1965
Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, Gen.
Robert E. Wood, who resides in the 12th
Congressional District of Illinois, is one
of the most honored Americans of our
time.
As a young Army engineer, he served
for more than 10 years in the Canal
Zone between March 1905 and May 1915
as chief quartermaster and director of
the Panama Railroad Company in con-
nection with the construction of the
Panama Canal. General Wood knows
something of the hardship, the sacrifice,
and the individual effort, genius, and in-
vestment of our Nation which led to the
successful completion of the Panama
Canal.
It is common knowledge that others
had failed before our Nation succeeded.
It is also common knowledge that the en-
tire world has benefited from the eco-
nomic, defense, and political advantages
which have flowed from this great engi-
neering accomplishment. Certainly,
General Wood knows a great deal about
the Canal Zone and the formal treaty
and relationships which have existed
since the canal was first opened in 1915.
As my colleague the gentleman from
Pennsylvania [Mr. Flow] as well as my
colleague, the gentlewoman from Mis-
souri [Mrs. SULLIVAN] have declared in
such articulate fashion, any decision to
abandon our national control of the Pan-
ama Canal should be resisted. MY
friend, General Wood, has written to me
that he "Hopes the President will not do
what was stated in the press."
He wrote further:
It may be all right to make some minor
concessions on payments, but we have been
more than generous to Panama; and if we
allow the Panamanians any share whatever
in the operations and administration of the
canal itself, it will be a disaster.
Mr. Speaker, I call these observations
to the attention of my colleagues in the
House of Representatives and to the
President and others in the executive de-
partment as knowledgeable statements
emating from one who served our Nation
in the Canal Zone during the long years
when the Panama Canal was trans-
formed from jungle, rock, and water into
a gateway joining the Atlantic and the
Pacific. I hope that the words and rec-
ommendations of General Wood will be
considered carefully and heeded faith-
fully in any decisions affecting our na-
tional interests and the interests of the
free world with respect to future owner-
ship, management, and control of the
Canal Zone and the Panama Canal.
"$$$ and Sense"?A Best Seller
SPEECH
OF
HON. JOHN A. BLATNIK
Or MINNESOTA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, October 22, 1965
Mr. BLATNIK. Mr. Speaker, I need
hardly mention to my colleagues that
despite the remarkable prosperity which
Our great Nation is enjoying, many
families are , having difficulty making
both ends meet. For this reason, I would
like to bring to your attention an out-
standing book which Fleet Publishing
Corp., has just released. It is Ella Gale's
"$$$ and Sense, Your Complete Guide to
Wise Buying," with a preface by our
good friend, Senator PHILIP A. HART, of
Michigan.
A6061
In my own congressional district, we
have many large families, and it is not
at all unusual to find homes with five
or more children. And although condi-
tions are improving because of the new
taconite plants, it is not easy to properly
feed, house, clothe, and educate a large,
or for that matter, a small family. This
problem is not peculiar to my district.
When the session ends, many of us will
be going home to face similar conditions.
It is for this reason that I heartily
recommend Ella Gale's "$$$ and Sense,"
and would like to take a few minutes to
describe it.
This is a book on how to buy wisely.
It is not a book on budgeting. Ella Gale
believes that strict budgeting is not only
difficult in the home, it is the cause of
much family friction. The difficulty of
budgeting is something all of us in the
Congress are well aware of?and?on a
grand scale. So, as far as family budg-
eting is concerned, Ella Gales says:
You don't necessarily have to cut to the
bone to get more out of your income. Nor
must you set up a budget, a thing most
families detest. But you do have to plan
your spending and your saving, and "you"
means everyone in the family, children in-
cluded. Some of the worst money leaks are
caused by children whose parents are too
soft to admit. It's too expensive.
She warns:
Mismanaging the family paycheck can
bring many problems. Often it means a
needlessly lower standard of living. Always,
it means doing without some of the things
the family would like.
"$$$ and Sense" is jampacked with
basic information on consumer problems
and how to solve them. Senator HART
aptly phrased it in his preface when he
said:
The whole gambit of purchasing decisions
Is covered here?and covered well. Whether
you absorb one or two new facts?or two
hundred--I would rate this book as a sig-
nificant contribution to consumer education.
When Senator HART speaks of the
whole gambit of purchasing decisions, he
is not exaggerating. For example, in her
chapter "How To Save on Household
Equipment," Ella Gale not only tells how
to get a good buy, but goes into this kind
of detail:
When it comes to demonstrators or floor
models?stoves are a good buy, electric dish-
washers aren't.
In the chapter "Cut Your Clothing
Costs," she says that the best shoe buys,
especially for children, are those with
leather tops and synthetic soles. She
disagrees with shoe people who think the
most expensive shoes are a must for chil-
dren. She thinks the middle-priced
shoes are a better buy. Speaking of
leather uppers, she admits "many syn-
thetics wear longer and cost less than
leather." But she adds
I think it's better to have a leather shoe
that's comfortable than a synthetic that re-
verts to its original shape.
She recommends clothes that actually
grow with a child. This new develop-
ment permits the mother to merely pull
a thread and add inches to coats, trous-
ers, dresses, and underwear for growing
boys and girls.
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP671300446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14 : CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
October 22, ,1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX
nist nations in the past have misread devel-
opments in the West and indications from
their press and radio reports are that they are
misinterpreting the protest marches here as
an expression of widespread feeling among
the American people that the United States
should withdraw its forces from Vietnam.
A central point argued by most of the
protest groups has been that the United
States should negotiate a settlement in Viet-
nam. Such an argument ignores the fact
that our Government has made extensive
efforts since early in the year to get the
Communists to the conference table but has
been rebuffed at every turn.
It is always necessary to reemphasize the
validity of protest, within the right of peace-
able assembly, but this does not alter the
melancholy reality that the demonstrations,
as misinterpreted in Hanoi and Peiping, make
the objective of a negotiated peace all the
more difficult to achieve.
Oceanography: A New Industry for Mari-
time Exploration and Development
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ALTON LENNON
OF isroirrjr CAROLINA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, October 22, 1965
Mr. LENNON, Mr. Speaker, on Octo-
ber 15, Dr. Edward Wenk, Jr., Chief, Sci-
ence Policy Research Division, Legisla-
tive Reference Service, Library of Con-
gress, presented a splendid address be-
fore the American Merchant Marine
Conference of the Propeller Club of the
United States in Galveston, Tex. Dr.
Wenk, with an impressive background in
engineering and oceanography, and
former assistant to the President's Sci-
ence Adviser and Director of the Office
of Science and Technology in the Execu-
tive Office of the President, is one of
the most highly qualified people I know
to discuss matters relating to scientific
activities under Government aegis, par-
ticularly in the fields of oceanography
and ocean engineering.
In these times when there seems to
be so much agitation, even in high Gov-
ernment circles, for an auction sale of
our national maritime birthright for a
mess of potage, it is refreshing to hear
and read the words of Dr. Wenk as he
places a new perspective on our role in
the oceanographic environment.
His carefully thought out and eloquent
review of the significance of our partici-
pation in all activities and studies relat-
ing to the oceans should be required
reading for every Member of this body.
Not limited simply to the purely scien-
tific approach, Dr. Wenk points the way
In which a broadening in the scope of the
"maritime industry's strategic plan-
ning?to. engage in engineering funda-
mental to both ocean sciences and re-
source development?might be as re-
warding financially and technologically
to revitalization of the U.S. merchant
marine as it is necessary for a vigorous
ocean science to mature to a productive
ocean technology."
Mr. Speaker, I include at this point
in the RECORD the full text of Dr. Wenk's
outstanding address:
A NEW INDUSTRY FOR MARITIME EXPLORATION
AND DEVELOPMENT
(By Edward Wenk, Jr., Chief, Science Policy
Research Division, Library of Congress)
INTRODUCTION
Few logbooks of early seafarers have ever
been found if, in fact, they ever existed.
And the travels of Leif Eriksen, Marco Polo
to China, of Christopher Columbus and
Magellan are remembered as much from
myth as from recorded history. But to the
extent that resords were kept, they were
commercial in content as well as motivation.
These seafaring explorers were not simply
excited by the lure of discovery; in most in-
stances, they were extending empires.
Spurred by nationalistic desires for terri-
torial expansion or the promise of virgin re-
sources, they were charting new trade routes,
seeking new colonial markets and other
sources of wealth.
Whatever fame history now accords these
swashbuckling adventurers should be under-
stood in terms of the practical purposes of
their exploration.. It was not until the 19th
century that the oceans were explored for
reasons of science.
To be sure, observations of winds and cur-
rents, waves and tides had been collected
since man first set sail. But when such
scientific data began to be recorded system-
atically, they were intended to aid naviga-
tion, improve safety and reliability of ship-
ping.
The United States was a world leader in
oceanography in the early 19th century.
Benjamin Franklin's discovery of the Gulf
Stream and Matthew Fontaine Maury's
charts helped our clipper ships outsail all
competition, and win world trade long before
our Nation became a world power.
Oceanography and our maritime industry
have thus longstanding ties. But oceanog-
raphy has changed; so has our merchant
marine and shipbuilding industry. When
sail was replaced by steam, the incentive for
oceanographic observation persisted only
with academicians, and its development
waned. In these evolutions, the two fields
have split apart.
In responding to your chairman's invita-
tion to speak. I want to discuss how this ex-
citing field of oceanography contributes to
the fortunes and goals of this Nation. In
deveolping this assignment, I hope both to
abstract some of the poetic attractions of
marine sciences, and to relate these activities
to the hard realities of maintaining this
Nation's stature on the seas. Based on a
concept of a new industry for maritime ex-
exploration and development, I want to pose
a question as to whether the shipping indus-
try and ocean technology would mutually
benefit from restoring an old and valued re-
lationship.
OCEANOGRAPHY DEFINED
Oceanography is almost a household word
today. Every layman understands that this
field deals with the physical currents and
waves of the ocean, the many chemicals dis-
solved in or deposited to form the geology of
the bottom; the infinite variety of flora and
fauna that feed many of the world's peoples,
please sportsmen and gourmets. Our imagi-
nation is fired by discoveries of fossil fish,
of evidence of the drift of continents so that
we understand better why the scientists have
turned to the sea to find answers to age-old
questions about the origin of the earth and
of life on the planet itself. The sea, in fact,
is a laboratory where research in physics,
biology, chemistry, and geology can be con-
ducted by observations of waves and atmo-
sphere, by cores of bottom sediments, by the
A6063
capture of plankton and fish whose behavior,
population, growth, and migration can be
studied only in relation to the environment
in which they live.
KNOWLEDGE FOR PRACTICAL BENEFIT
Some oceanic exploration is geographic to
answer questions of "what" and "where";
some is scientific to answer questions of
"why" and "how." But all of these observa-
tions have great meaning to us as citizens
because they potentially answer practical
questions. Because they cover 70 percent of
the earth's surface, it is easy to see why the
oceans, energized by the sun in a giant heat
machine, become elements producing weath-
er and climate and a major source of rain-
fall on the continents.
These same air-sea interaction data are
also important when routing ships to avoid
rough voyages, assure ontime arrivals, and
lower transportation costs.
Commercial fishermen bring home a world-
wide catch of 60 million tons, yet of 20,000
known species of fish, only a few are sought
as food. To restore and expand fisheries and
thus to meet hunger of so many of the
world's peoples, it becomes vital to determine
how the annual catch could be expanded
without threatening fishery stocks, and to
identify environmental factors which in-
fluence the distribution and abundance of
fish.
The United States has a coastline 13,000
miles long, exceeded only by that of Canada,
although much of Canada's coastline is in
the Icebound Arctic. This seashore is
clearly valuable property, yet despite its
length, it is a limited resource that is al-
ready reflecting pressures of a growing urban
population. Our citizens annually spend
over one-half billion dollars for salt-water
fishing, but we continue to regard the sea as
an infinite pit for the disposal of garbage.
Other conflicts are growing in multiple sea-
shore use as between sport and commercial
fishing, sewage disposal, extracting shellfish
from estuaries, surfing, swimming, or simply
enjoying a seashore wilderness. All of these
activities require more facts as a base for
-legal regulation and wise resource use.
Off the gulf and Pacific coasts, drilling
rigs signal the presence of natural gas and
oil. The vast sums and energies in offshore
development are well known to the members
of the petroleum community but are seldom
recognized by others. While we have ex-
tracted 1.3 billion barrels of crude oil and
3,700 billion cubic feet of gas offshore, we
have scarcely tapped these resources. As our
consumption of fossil fuels increases, geo-
physical explorations must be pushed into
ever deeper water. Some believe that by the
year 2,000, 35 percent of the world's oil will
come from undersea deposits.
To these few examples, we can add nu-
merous other objectives of practical interest
requiring knowledge of the sea?to improve
accuracy of weather forecasting and warning
of violent storms?to identify ocean mineral
deposits of sands and unlimited quantities
of nodules rich in manganese or nickel, lit-
tered widely on the ocean bottom, and to de-
velop methods for recovery?to diminish
hazards of pollution from atomic, industrial
or domestic waste?to facilitate discovery of
new medical and pharmacological weapons
in the war against disease?to protect
beaches from erosion, drilling rigs from wave
damage.
In reviewing this list of practical benefits
gained from research, we must not forget
that whereas the sea is a road to cultural ex-
change and international trade, and con-
tains a host of untold resources, it has been
and still is a critical strategic component of
national defense. Maintaining this Na-
ton's security and safeguarding commerce
from disruption in a national emergency is
a priority national interest. This paper,
Approved For Release 2003/10/14 : CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
A6064 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? APPENDIX
however, will concentrate on anticipated
peaceful uses of the sea for man's benefits.
A GLIMPSE AHEAD
How about the fueure?
A Jules Verne approach might picture the
Hudson River humming with GEM commuter
buses; the smooth Texas shoreline converted
to an undulating series of habitable marinas.
Although I have not seen this proposed, por-
tions of the suggested super-speed transit
system from Boston to Washington might be
contained in tubes more easily laid along
the coast, in the Chesapeake Bay and Long
Island Sound than drilled through solid rock.
In estuaries, we might find the artificial
culture of clams and lobsters and beds of
oysters protected from starfish predators.
Heavily used bathing beaches no longer
would be threatened by pollution from sew-
age outfalls because the effluent had been
treated for reuse by coastal industries at
low cost.
Further at sea, a gridwork of automatic
buoys might sense wind and wave informa-
tion, and when interrogated by communica-
tion satellites feed data into a global metero-
logical network that far more reliably pro-.
vides warning of hurricanes and typhoons.
And also at sea we find large manned buoys
holding station above submarine operations
with small vehicles serving as elevators for
men who, learning from SeaLab II exercises
in 1965, for example, have been found able
to live and work over long periods of time
In hundreds of feet of water. Here and there
also one might find massive platforms that
pinpoint ocean mining operations thousands
of feet beneath in a oontinuous system of
mining and extraction, fed by submerged
nuclear powerplants whose very efficiency
may be improved by their location under
pressure of deep water. In the Great Lakes,
we note nuclear powered icebreakers, active
also in Arctic and Antarctic to make these
areas yield further to man's settlement in a
hostile environment. And, of course, we see
heightened world trade with cargo ships in
a world of developing nations, with many
more passenger vessels reflecting increased
leisure made possible in those nations mak-
ing use of industrial automation.
Whether this be an accurate sketch of the
future or only a dream, is more a question of
"when" this becomes a reality rather than
"whether" it comes true. The future always
overtakes us faster than we expect, and the
benefits have nsually gone to those who
looked ahead. Just such planning equips
the foresighted to exploit the unexpected.
An excellent beginning of our study of the
seas has been made. Thanks to a 10-year
plan published by the National Academy of
Sciences in 1958, interest by the Congress
immediately thereafter, and accelerated
funding by President Kennedy in 1961, the
foundation of oceanic sciences necessary to
realize some of the benefits just outlined
has been strengthened. Research expendi-
tures have grown from about $25 million an-
nually to over $140 million, half of which
are Naoy funds. New research ships and
shore facilities have been constructed; the
limited base of trained manpower has
doubled, and for several years, the field bene-
fited from support at the White House level.
It turns out that the very availability of
new technologies has been a Major spur to
oceanographic research: new tools, tech-
niques, instruments, deep diving submarines,
etc. The opportunity to collect, store and re-
trieve vast quantities of data simultaneous-
ly, and to make intelligent sense out of oth-
erwise subtle relationships was impossible
before the days of the computer. Radio corn-
raunication now makes possible the collec-
tion of data from many points simulta-
neously so that a synoptic or snapshot view
of one large sector of the ocean may be taken
to study currents, the exchange of heat be-
tween ocean and atindsphere, etc. Meteoro-
logical satellites have made possible photog-
raphy of phenomena that may one day per-
mit a new automatic ice patrol that is com-
pletely unmanned. Ocean engineering to
aid the scientists in their quest is itself a
new industry.
The total capability for scientific explora-
tion has been readied. But in fact, have we
an oceanographic enterprise that recalls the
purposes of Columbus, Franklin, Maury, or
has it advanced only to meet the needs and
opportunities of science?
BARRIERS TO PROGRP.SS
Problems characteristic of any growing en-
terprise have appeared, but the most start-
ling has been a leveling off in Federal fund-
ing just as the field seemed ready to mature.
Funding during the past 3 years has been
so limited that it hardly permits activation
of new ships. With science having justifi-
ably received a great fraction of the support
during early growth years, it now makes a
claim for priority support in whatever in-
creases appear. With the current plateau
in policy level support, very little funding
seems destined for civilian engineering?for
the steps necessary to transfer scientific dis-
covery to practical application. As a conse-
quence geographical exploration and resource
development continue at current low levels.
Is any greater support justified? This de-
pends upon assessment by policymakers, the
public and special interests as to the poten-
tial of such projects to contribute to na-
tional goals. The case for military defense
is clear, and we continue to develop our
scientific-military interests in the oceans
as insurance against the Soviet submarine
fleet, although many feel even this is re-
tarded. But in the nondefense sector, we
have made no national decision, and during
the last 2 years, this sector has actually
declined, despite the cold war geopolitical
and economic implications of Soviet and
Communist bloc nations to increase their
control over the seas by intensified use and
occupation; despite the prospects of devel-
oping fishing and mineral resources, of im-
proving weather forecasts, protecting life
and coastal property and enhancing recrea-
tional resources. The rate of investment in
applied research and development has lost
momentum?if, in fact, it ever had much?
because here, the potential users of such
knowledge have not made a case for
strengthening this base of civilian ocean
engineering. And the executive branch lacks
any overt policy to take initiative.
The 89th Congress has been distressed by
the gap in our maritime resource activities.
Over 25 different bills have been introduced,
offering 5 varieties of stimulation to this
field?approaches that range from a statu-
tory, self-liquidating commission to study
the problem and make recommendations for
Presidential action to the other extreme of
establishing a new superagency.
All proposals agree on a statement of con-
gressional purpose and policy that this Na-
tion develop vigorous marine sciences and
technology. Commentaries, however, differ
as to the causes and alternative remedies.
These have been mentioned:
a) Inadequate Federal leadership and ad-
vocacy of marine sciences policy;
(b) Inadequate policy coordination be-
tween 20 Federal agencies engaged in ocean-
ographic research;
(c) Inadequate incentives for private in-
vestment, and cooperation between Federal
Government, the States, industry, and uni-
versities;
(d) Federal programs that are science-
rather than technology-oriented and that
subordinate private and public benefits;
(e) Inadequate Federal staffing.
Whatever the problem, the fragmentation
of these objectives has been symbolized by
a striking lack of industrial interest in a
remedy.
October 22, 1965
FRAGMENTATION: THE NEED FOR A UNIFyING
CONCEPT
It must be clear that many scientific dis-
ciplines are involved?physics, chemistry, bi-
ology, and geology. Many different tech-
nologies are involved, as are many institu-
tional groups?universities, business, and
commerce. Twenty different branches of
Government have statutory responsibilities
in one sector or another of oceanography.
With such numerous and diverse interests,
it is no small wonder that oceanographic re-
search is debilitated by competition amongst
goals, amongst resources, amongst organiza-
tions in a field too small to benefit from the
stimulation of competition.
About 1 year ago. I proposed that we should
think of our separate activities in the ocean
as related to a coherent program of explora-
tion and development. This way, we could
provide the strengths of unity in our policies
and programs to correct ignorance about the
oceans and exploit resources of the sea for
man's benefit. Without such a concept and
its adoption as a public purpose, the recent
acquisition of sovereignty over $00,000
square miles of ocean bed through an Inter-
national Convention on the Continental
Shelf ratified in 1964 will become academic.
But necessary as a unifying concept may
be, it is not sufficient. Interestingly enough,
there have been no common incentives that
would attract this variety of interests to
examine implications of the ocean as one
body or to move in concert to advance a na-
tional program in this area. Much, if not
most, of the momentum has come from in-
trests by the Navy and the vehicle of this
interest has been the scientific rather than
the industrial community.
The maritime industry represented by
shipbuilders and ship operators has skimmed
what little information it has needed from
the oceans but has not conspicuously advo-
cated more intensified research or develop-
ment.
The immediate problems of this industry
must be its first concern, but in viewing its
problems an industry inevitable links its des-
tiny to certain communities of interest.
This industry, for example, may consider it-
self only a maritime activity in a limited
sense or it may consider itself a significant
element of a transportation network. But
it could also consider itself the linkage be-
tween all of the technological activities in
the sea.
THE NEED FOR A maarrnvm EXPLORATION
INDUSTRY
To achieve goals in ocean development, or
any other technically based activity, requires
a mixture of scientific knowledge, engineer-
ing know-how, capital, manpower, and entre-
preneurship. Then when thls mixture is
mobilized at explosive proportions, we need a
spark to ignite it. We have reason to con-
sider the threat of Soviet expansionist aims
in their trade offensive, and how they are
combining oceanographic research and fish-
eries interests in a common goal. Yet, this
Nation that launched a Lewis and Clark
Expedition in the spirit of geographic ex-
ploration, followed by land grants to acceler-
ate development?mixed with a tradition of
seapower?now seems lacking in determina-
tion to maintain a position on the seas. The
spark seems inadequate, notwithstanding in-
tense congressional interest, both in the
executive branch and in private industry.
Only the scientific community, and then only
limited segments, consistently advocate fur-
, therlf.S. growth in ocean sciences.
To be sure, when economic incentives for
exploration are ripe, American entrepreneur-
ship has shown no lack of incentive. But
when economic benefits are marginal or long
deferred, and important goals in the national
interest remain, only the Federal Govern-
ment can assume leadership. Since, how-
ever, any development of resources following
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
0
81 vtg
8 I 2
-134p, 318 IET.hyliiiiii r Irl"
1143s1 lulli
ki 101 .64:10sillg sig.s
211111bROFE?gpvita Odlt
;4 cse ,;:41 lEibcgi 311241?J1 ?
figihiliti314/11 AE4111g 711:114
0 a, StgA
Z
c)ir
(grit% flu i twiqh, 4p.,..ythip
lir k"i 2 1" t i ' "Vie - ii A
300041- Moil] ikilifiv*Paltv
4sPoil.:4 1 ' i' i Will II-
iii%
:111bIllei ' Yilittlig '1.11MH,111110431 . hill il
.11.1 thDpi-st.aElt,iiitori t
1,p,simi ,
al qi 1 1
li 11:11111IN
,
41 32 fill! 151 1; * g
3 / 111111 I
ilt ag it lip
43 1
11614 r ?
111 a 01 /
'
A
higaii
Pigsv 411 ti Ai
tiroki, is,
t41
iSS iniiii,he
nal
litgt! shiesellif151111:14'11 :111
to liai Wilt 1;1 i'1411 PNI
141
'1 I lig,
.stitqj Lgil !if 21
gi, Ilipigi !2 eg.vE?gAlpil ill
tailh 1
, 8 ? 0 .
1:1:9 ord
-
'"1?;="1- " "it r 111"
October 1,2 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ----1-10USL
like to reiterate a stateikittiomed FnRfillitaidiegOthIlligirlittilalikralaRiiiI80(1446RCtei00031400 02G2TVENTION---
SHAME OF AMERICAN INACTION
on the floor of the House on April 14 of
this year, when this body was consider-
ing House Resolution 310 which author-
ised the expenditure of funds for the
additional expenses of the Committee on
Un-American activities. These funds
were, as you will remember, to finance
that committee's Investigation of the
Ku Klux Klan.
At that time, I made the following
statement:
Let there be no question in anyone's mind
where I stand on the subject a un-Ameri-
canism. I am opposed to it in any form it
takes. I think Cludrman Wrza.ns will bear
me out when I say that I have stood beside
his committee every time It has been criti-
cized by the extremists of the leftvring. I
have supported every appropriation request
and I intend to keep on supporting the
House Committee on Tfn-American Activities
as long as they do their job because I am
opposed to un-Americanism in any form.
Later, I made this statement:
I know nothing of their (the Klan's) ac-
tivities in Louisiana or any other State and
I have no idea what an investigation will
unearth. but U un-Americanism is suspected.
then it is my position that an investigation
should be undertaken. But, It should not
stop with an investigation of the Klan.
There are a number of organizations that
should be put under this same spotlight.
/ then went on to point out the ob-
vious un-Arnericanism of the American
Nazi Party and the Black Muslims.
In conclusion, I made this point and
it is the point I wish to make again
today:
Let it (an investigation) be a starting
point but by no means, the entailing point.
Before we are -through let us see what is
under the rocks of all these other groups
as well.
This was the conclusion of my state-
ment.
I believe the time has now come to
undertake that continuing search under
the rocks.
The newspapers have been filled in the
past week or so with stories concerning
the anti-Vietnam demonstrations which
have been gaining momentum here in
this country and abroad in the past
weeks. These demonstrations have
taken the form of attempts to arrest
military commanders, burning of draft
cards, picketing of draft boards, and
similar publicity stunts.
The principal force behind these acts
is, apparently, a group calling itself the
"Students for a Democratic Society."
I am mystified as to where they got
that title since they are, principally,
beatniks and unbathed delinquents
rather than students: they certainly have
no belief in democracy and they are a
rabble instead of a society.
I would like to make it Perfectly clear
that it is not my belief nor is it my posi-
tion that anyone disagreeing with our
Policy in Vietnam is either a Communist
or a Communist dupe. Certainly there
are many who question our presence in
Vietnam and the wisdom of past and
Present moves. But these are loyal
Americans who hold an honest difference
of opinion to which they are entitled.
Let it be clear that I am talking about
those particular demonstrations of the
and the others associated with, it.
was encouraged to read the Presi-
dent's denunciation of these anti-
American activities and also to know that
the Federal Bureau of Investigation is
Interested in the Communist involvement
that undoubtedly exists.
I note, too, that, earlier this week, the
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee
declared that these demonstrations have,
and I quote, "clearly passed into the
hands of Communist and extremist ele-
ments."
That committee took the same posi-
tion I mentioned earlier, that the great
majority of persons who differ with our
Miler In Vietnam are loyal Americans.
But the group I tun talking about has
failed to prevent, limit, or control the
Communist domination that now exists
In this movement.
Unfortunately, these young men and
women have been encouraged by self-
appointed intellectuals both in and out
of Government, who, from their lofty
Ivory towers have for months now as-
sailed the President. the Congress, and
the Department of Defense for our strong
stand against the proliferation of corn-
muniam in Asia and elsewhere.
When responsible Federal officials, for
Instance, rise to impeach this Nation, to
speak from offices of major importance
against the military Policy of our Gov-
ernment, when professors who are ad-
mitted Marxists are kept on the payroll
of colleges when civil rights leaders dare
the unqualified gall of advising our Am-
bassador to the United Nations, is there
any wonder that young men and women
follow In their misguided steps?
These self-proud pacifists are the same
leaders, and these bearded beatniks axe
the same followers who have dominated
the race riots, demonstrations, lawless-
ness, and strife that have ripped this Na-
tion apart for a number of years. The
roll call of one group would find the same
members present as would a roll call of
the other. Though there are some who
are able, In this instance, to see the ,Red
hand in these anti-Vietnam demonstra-
tions, they were never able and they are
still not able to see the same influence
and the same leadership infiltrated and
controls now the civil rights attack Won
the Nation.
Perhaps then, this. will provide theln
the evidence and give them an opportu-
nity to reexamine their thoughts as to
who are the promoters, who are the Dress
sifters, and who has benefited from the
past and present civil rights strife.
In the sure conviction that they are
one and the same, the Communists, I
am today introducing a bill to author-
ize the Committee on Un-American AC-
tivities to conduct an investigation and
study of the organization known as
Students for a Democratic Society and'
the extent and character of its involve-
meat in the current derniOnstmtlons re-
lating to official 'MS. policy lnliletnani.
It is my hope that those Members Who
supported House Resolution 31%. as,
did, will now demonstmte that they have
an equal concern over the activity ot
this anti-American group and its fol-
lowers.
The !WEAKER pro tempore. Upon
previous order of the -House, the gen-
tleman- from liew 'rods (Mr. HA5PIN/2n
Is recognized for 15 minutes.
Mr. HALPERN. Mr. Speaker, we are
confident that this first session of the
89th Congress will be known for its legis-
lative accoMplishments. We have acted
upon a great many substantive bssuest
which for mant years have undergone
sustained debate.
And- yet in this year 196% it rattans
a source of particular disappointment
and irons that the Congress has con-
sistently failed to officially reopen con-
sideration of the Genocide Convention.'
Last February I introduced -a House
resolution urging U.S. ratification Of the
Genocide Convention, and have rePeat-
edly urged its passed as a means of
rally-
tog official opinion behind this Important
document. The Convention Mill rests
before the Senate Foreign 'Relatione
Committee which, since its first and only
consideration in 1950, has subsequently
denied further hearing.
It is incomprehensible to me that this
treaty has stirred so many misgivings,
and that because of unfounded fear the
Senate has net given Its advice and con-
sent. More than 65 nations have an-
proved the Convention, including the So-
viet Union. We are supposedly a civil-
ized state, with a constitutional and in-
herent respect for human rights, and yet
we have failed . to take this one 'step to
generalize certain protections which are
recognized in our own national statutes.
Briefly, parties to the Genoeide Con-
ventlon pledge to wettest and tarnish
the crime of genocide, which is defined
as an act committed with the-Intent to
destroy wholly or partially a national,
ethnic, racial, or religious group. This-
may' take the form of killing members
of a group, causing them phytdcal or
mental harm, inflicting conditions. cal-
culated to bring about destruction of a
group, and so forth. Aocused personaare
US be prosecuted in the stet. where the
offense is comntitteed, and parties to the
treaty must enact legislative Implement-
ing machinery if nedessary.
The Motivation for this document was. -
of course; the Nazi -outrage against all-'
lion--Jews end 2-million Polish althea,
perpetrated before' and tinting World
War IT dating the Hitler feginie. Arid
histotioaffy 'we can look be& upon' rine
minus' acts- Of genocide directed at mi-
nority groups. It was the nightmare
of these oomurences which prompted the
Meaty, ot the GentScide -Convention,
which men saw as a mean& Of Prevent-
ing such inhuman crime against future
generations. .
.The United Nations. Gene. rat Assembly
unfrialynnusbr approved the-Convention
on December% 1948. The United States
was-one of the original aignatoriessof
the treaty, 'which came into -name on
January ; 11. 1961: - May of '1050, a
subcommittee of . the :Saute Foreign
Behnke:a Comniitteeletwirted the docus
ment ialforably, with foes "undersea:I&
ings." These were subsequently:
drafted -by the -whole comMittees which
thereafter took no-conclusive action.
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
CONURESSIONAL RECORD ? HOUSE October 21;.19(15
Thus for 15 years the United States the Senate. Here in the Hotta) we can
as failed t? aattoWittcPRii6iPtelettsec2061011Wdsts: R
this most impo covenant. purpose, and thereby help to generate
Discussion regarding the provisions of
the pact ha e bogged down in e hopeless
academic quagmire which obscures the
essentials. I do not deny that the text
raises pertinent questions as regards the
effect on our Federal-State relationship.
personal rights, the power of Congress,
and sovereignty. But these legal consid-
erations are not insurmountable, and
they should not be made a subterfuge for
inaction. The protective intent of the
convention is fax too important to per-
mit a wholesale retreek from principle.
Under the treaty, we would certainly
undertake concrete respongbilitles and
obligations such as the other nations
have agreed to accept. The full import
of the convention is, of course, intimate-
ly allied with our own legal and consti-
tutional framework, guaranteeing the
Individual rights and freedoms which are
Inviolate. ? It is unquestionable that the
protections conferred by the convention
are for the most part guaranteed by our
domestic law. Hence the complexities
and contradictions which opponents pro-
fess to discern are not substantive and
should not be considered as real
obstacles.
It is equally true that our failure to act
positively on this matter has injured.
or at least blurred, the impression of
human justice and moral underpinning
which we insist upon claiming before the
docket of world public opinion. It is not
wholly convincing to argue that others
have a responsibility to consider human
and moral prerogatives when the United
States will not undertake international
treaty obligations consistent with this
Imperative. The official reticence to re-
open meaningful debate on this subject
is truly appalling, and reflects adversely
on the foreign policy goals we have set
for ourselves.
It was a particular pleasure and in-
spiration for us to welcome the Pope to
the United Nations during this General
Assembly session. He pleaded to the
statesmen of the world to devote their
energies toward the construction of a
stable peace end conditions of human
justice. And in this seareh.notbing is
more important than the achievement of
common agreements between nations,
agreenp3nts which seek to prevent the
erueltiee of the past that have scarred
human history. The Genocide Conven-
tion forms a part of this essential task.
This covenant is one of the great items
of unfinished business in the foreign
policy arena, a matter of overriding con-
cern to mankind.
The United States can no longer af-
ford indecision on an issue of such grave
consequence. We are all agreed that
group persecution at racial and religious
minorities Is an outrage of such ter+.
rible dimension that constructive steps
must be taken to prevent and punish it
as an international crime. This 'is the
purpose of the Genocide Convention, and
our official hypocrisy and apparent in-
difference in an affront to human
dignity.
It should be a matter of priority for
the effective public opinion which the is-
sue demands. It is imperative that the
legislature press vigorously for affirma-
tive action when we reconvene next
January.
Hold= HoovEa SPEAKS cot
?
ZIONISM
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under.
Previous order of the House, the gentle-
man from Ohio tMr. As/inseam.] is rec-
ognized for 15 minutes. . ? .?
Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, there'
AS many thousands of men throughout ?
this country who quietly and effectively..
promote the general welfare through the
. work of service clubs. They are usually
unheralded in their work and yet their
accomplistunents are noteworthy and
they should receive the commendation
of their fellow man.
One of these gentlemen is A good
friend of mine, Homer Hoover of WOo-
ster, Ohio. 'He has served during the
past year as International Director of
the Liens Clubs. I myself am a member
of the Johnstown Lions Club and have
always been proud of this association
although I must freely admit that my
contribution has been small indeed by
comparison with the service club giants
such as Homer Hoover. Mr. Hoover re-
tired earlier this year as manager of the
Sears, Roebuck Sr Co. retail store at
Wooster after more than 20 years of
service. He is a conununitY leader in his
own right in addition to his service club
activities and is the chairman of the
1985 United Community Fund for Wayne
County.
Homer Hoover has traveled through-
out the length and breadth of this land
spreading the gospel of Lionisre, He
has traveled to many foreign countries
In this capacity and is a living example
of the fine precepts of this organization.
He truly epitomizes the service club tra-
dition of service to fellow man. and bet .
brought great honer to. his home ;bib
and to our fine organization. '
He recently Melte eta. Lions Coneett:-.
tion in Puerto Rico and delivered a fine
address. Mr. Speaker, in the thought'
that other Members of this body would
like to receive, the, benefit 'Of his worda
of wieder*. I am including with thole.:
remarks this address. It is a meaning-
ful statement of what Liordern Means to.
one of our Nation's outstanding Lions
and, as the saying goes. -tells *bit
"mace NAM tick." ? I comMend it
everyone Who sometimes gets g bit eyni-.:
cal and feels that this gem, ?Won..iii,
floundering and losing track. of basin':
values. Lioniam, like many Other fffie
civic organizations, quietly' Iinci 'effee-?
Lively stresses these basic valued of sem.:
Ice to fellow mail in thousands of
and villages throughout this Nation ins
manner which makes it a important part '
of coirimunity life. How much betor
off we would be if these Velum were QM-.
pixasized day atter cis; throughout the ,
world by ?the min of good will such as
Lion Homer Hoover. '
RPSLILPICO OP M.P..?0.001111C' J
00020614484)112nan have grouped Mein.- _
selves together for mutual undersiandlog. ?? ?
encouragement, and benedt. Thee have .1
formed societies for the betterment of the .
world, for *leaner living, WOW., thhtIrrh*
and worthwhile accomplishment;
We In Lioniam are elneray knitt
by intimate bonds of 'club life. Una
Is a group of men banded bige42916. hi the
spirit of community service, dosierthinoAea
^ team which could not he rionit SukaitAeett7
? We seek and And onnfort aflit
tins in the ',botanist 'panty'
low men." We become eironeet-
awl better. by having other
friends. As p result Or llit,W.
of the 'world increases, soid we bee
rdmtininder of men that ' God V044" tire,..
ed. more human, end 'Blare.
should begonia
The Bible tolls us "None of
himself atone." 410nisolut
association of Lima
mon program under a
the united pg,pcas of
nuance for good, whlehis
possibly attain- This
of Liontion with
and accomplishment through
I. an inverted pyramid. Th.,
Individual Lion expanding upwind, tcidtubil.
districts, countries, end &rein:Icing', It the
top is a Woad plateau of PrOintee:te.0140
needy, the handicapped. and. the. 'tortoni
peoples of the world.
The age in which we we living janoriceibi
the frothiest in bletorYL etanftrls.,L, Wm*
lowered and Mails leak anik., rani_ me the
history of the world has there baseillich
need for organisations like Ldone.''BevAr has
there been snob a need for men-i-eig-men,
good men, and men of unselnah
We are dna-sated, not because we arehelp.
less, but because we have forgobno, the rules
men live by. ? We think of our rights, and not
of our obligations to each other.- We mat
get back to voluntary cooperation which is
the mainspring of life..
Our Linnisni. farming( as it does ??14
society over the world. upholds every noble
and redeeming ideal of humanity.- Wreaths
all communities better by its prealliee. It
makes each individual better for having be-
longed. Yt - brings out the beet in human
nature, the give-end-take. the 'openhearted-
nevi and comradeship or Lions, and leaves no
pulee in our livid for selfishness; Cheapiiies.'
or narrowmindliesie ?
Our members we welded together in an
unbreekable intim Too have been MAW,:
by one of. Our giktue 49 Join ojarlicep ;no
because the/ Web You to eqte,Fe tobtti roVuda
of Vont= in this ocsionninive.
when we come into this room
The one thing like about '
iguana ? Milano resolve Wilma* "aka-
man remplithy.:nonesitiedlettlitthe speelt.'or
brotherhoed; ? We renew- stiteationnige la a'
combination, witiveatt.h.- snit We 'take a-bun-
dgr grip on ittudAntertte* 1440,feo*Yilato,4),
better men. ,
AU litetebere_ PtOrloilather.
mon &nadir,, with?a spirit et
stkingthenad lyi,?&-oeniinsft,dietrer
to the Golden Etas and liva,a3V..
and Ikeda Angina, on a "high,
You are, joining VP largest Refekte ? OM,' t
nisation -.1n, the worlii, W. hark wish Dyer ?
750,00e bailie Members in..1.7410kointsc..
134,0:=, .i.rem 9(4310,0(004d.
w. ,ppope as andel Use atee
of our"tegindiatkm to whieht we belong. We
take pride In being is member offthe- Kann,
and the beet.' In Alas riwie.X4Onikinteiniai ;
Weal- Tett 4 would like to tell /mar Zinn-
bly as ran that dngete its #1211k and ittil
worldwide Station. membership ta ant 41i-
ternstionin se ,piately a 'personal.
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2
Ind General Stall School. Fort Leaven-
v.orth. Karts., mvting all q.ualificatittiso
ince establishedRAPMVUInt9rM4
Services Coilunittee for granting of Fed-
eral recognition to State adjutants
general.
The record made by General Williams
in the 4 years since his name came be-
tore the Senate gives ample demonstra-
tion of the vigor and vitality, not only
of the State-administred National Guard
system in West Virginia, but of the
National Guard system in the Nation as
a whole.
I welcome this opportunity to publicly
commend General Williams for the dili-
gence, initiative and demonstrated
ability that has, characterized his ad-
ministration as the adjutant general of
West Virginia. and for the manner in
which he has thereby justified the faith
placed 'in him by the Senate.
WEST VIRGINIA STATE COLLEGE
STUDENTS SUPPORT U.S. ACTION
IN VIETNAM
Mr. RANDOLPH Mr. President. I
ask unanimous consent to have printed
in the RXCORD a statement that I have
made, relating to and commending the
action Of. 1,800 students at West Virginia
State College at Institute, for endorsing
the present Vietnam policy in a letter to
President Lyndon B. Johnson.
The. PRESII)ING OFFICER. With-
out objection, it is so ordered.
Me statement is as follows ?
l'tie letter to Prestdent Johnson signed in
1,Ro0 West Virginia college student...,
in support of VT b poPry in Vietnam Was a
demonstration ol civic responsibility which
brings honor LC their achool and our State
Thi,, spontaneous and orderly action by
the majority Is in sharp contrast to those
staged demonstrations by the few students
in other schools in other States who were
duped and manipulated by what J Edgar
Hoover terms, "trained agents and provoca-
teurs of the Communist Party."
To my knowledge, there have been no such
staged anti-Vietnam demonstrations at any
West Virginia aehool or college Our State
can be proud of that fact, too.
t believe in the admintstration's policy in
South Vietnam. I have said this over and
over again We must tight to contain COM-
Inimism on that line in southeast Asia Por
it we do not do it there, we will be fighting
a war on a broader front and nearer home
THE OFFICE OF ECONOMIC
OPPORTUNITY
Mr WILLIAMS of Delaware. Mr.
President, despite the enormous public
relations efforts of the Office of Economic
Opportunity, I feel that much of the
press of our Nation has been very help-
ful in giving the public an accurate re-
port on the questionable success of this
program throughout the country_
If one were to only listen to Office of
Economic Opportunity Director Sargent
Shriver you would think the admin-
istration's entire poverty program was
one of complete success, totally free
of administraWe error or mismanage-
ment
The public knows only too well this is
not the case For example. the Chicago
Tribune has shown exceptional diligence.
Ia., pa4Yj, a I. ,a? 7---9C.talorlI
LICLUOer ""4
tie?'
Sn, ,
6ROUUAGIS14272
and public service In seeing .to it that t.lve APAAIE CLAYTON Pow ocrat, of
ILLI
bers of the confer-
ence committee," Paisirrs told the Tribune.
"aprack a blow on behalf .of. every Democratic
ward heeler and political flunky in America
when they threw the Istrapay-Paotrry po-
;Motu activity amendment into the ash can."
Other Republican conferees said they were
shocked by what they called undue inter-
ference by Macy. .
"The 00=rib:is/on believes," Macy wrote.
"that .it would be unwise to extend the gen-
eral political activity restrictions of the Hatch
Act to such a sizable group of persons In
the private sector, of comm unity , life." .
-OPENS PANDORA'S so)r
Murphy said Macre letter and the con-
ferees' action on the amendment "opened a
Pandora's box of political chicanery."
"On top of the superealaries, supergrades.
and supersalearnanship that have Character-
ized the poverty program." Murphy .said, "we
now see the administration has stepped in to
add superptessure.
II have always understood the function 'of
the Civil Service Commission to be -that of
administering the civil service spite= and riot
of lobbying or parroting the views of Shriver
10E0 Director Sargent. shrivel-, forces at
the 020."
alroMATZ41~4
nouncements but also the legitimate and
well-founded complaints of mismanage-
merit and poor administration. I think
the Tribune should be commended for
its efforts As an example of its thor-
ough reporting on the poverty program,
1 ask unanimous consent to place an
article by Mary Pakenharn of the Chicago
Tribune of Sunday. September 5, 1985,
covering the efforts of Senators MURPHY
and Psourv to keep politics out of the
poverty program by placing key em-
ployees under the political prohibitions
provided by the Hatch Act.
There being no objection. the article
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
GOP 1510H T8 POLITICAL ACTIVITY BY POVERTY
PRoGRAM WORKERS?WANTS EMPLOYERS TO
Br Coveitso By HATCH Act
(By Mary Pakennam.)
WASHINGTON, September 4.?Senate Re-
publicans are massing for a lest-ditch at-
tempt to keep politics out of the program
covered by the administration's new anti-
poverty bill The Chicago Tribune learned
today.
House-Seriate conferees agreed Thursday
night on a $1.785,000,000 final version of the
authorization bill. It is expected to come
to a vote in both chambers this week, un-
less the Senate forces succeed in having it
sent back into conference. -
The Democratic majority in the conference
struck froni the bill an aniendment extend-
ing the 1939 Hatch Act to cover federally
!raid employees it the Office of Economic Op-
portunity's Community tlet1011 and domestic
Petite COrpS prograMs
LETTERS PIPCOA DA ACT
rile Hatch Act, entitled "an act to prevent
pernicious political activities," forbids parti-
san political activity on the part of anyone
an the public payroll Tens of thousands of
COMM unity action programs employees and
a growing number of domestic Peace Corps
voldnteers would have been affected
At the time the conference committee was
considering the amendment it had before it
a letter from John W. Mary, Jr., chief of
the Civil Service Commission and President
Johnson personal talent scout, urging that
Congress allow the antipoverty staff to en-
gage in politics
Ever since the so-called war on poverty
got under way last November. the political
potential of workers In these categories has
been a key target for critics.
DESIGNED POR POLITICS
Each such worker is In a position to earn
the gratitude of large numbers of the poor
and undereducated. dasperaiing aid under the
aegis of the party in power. That, politicians
agree. is the stuff good precinct workers are
made of.
In many cases, community action programs
have been specifically designed to organize
residents oh given poverty areas into po-
litical pressure groups.
Complaints already have been heard- from
Mississippi and from cities including Syra-
cuse, N.Y., that antipoverty workers taking
part in voter registration drives have failed
to distinguish between the democratic process
and the Democratic party.
HEADED BY PowELL
Senators in the forefront of the effort. to
combat this situation will include WINSTON
L. PROuTy. Republican, of Vermont, and
GEORGE MoRPHY. Republican. of California,
aoauthors of the stricken amendment
Peotrry Was a Member oh the at:inference
committee which was headed by Represents-
HEADED I3Y Sirouvla
Paotrry said he RISC, will try to restore to
the bill a Senate amendment which would
have strengthened the role of the Rational
Advisory Council on Economic Opportunity,
The Council. as established last year, has
a maximum membership of ? 15 pensions ap-
pointed by the .president and is headed by
Shriver The itmendraent would have pro-
hibited the Director of the 0E0 from serving
as Council chairman
CAN OUR EARTH FEED ITS PEOPLE?
Mr. MONDALE Mr. President, 17
years ago. in 1948. a young member of
the Walters, Okla., Future Farmers of
America Chapter won his State's FFA
oratorical contest with a speech entitled
-Can Our Earth Feed Its People?" In
that speech, the young man pointed out:
The problem of world food production la
no temporary crisis, but a permanent world
problem. ? * ? The people of the world
can no longer afford poor, wasteful, and de-
structive agricultural practices if they are
to survive
What a great experience it must have
been for members of the Future Farmers
of America attending their national con-
vention in Kansas City. Mo., Friday, Oc-
tober 15, to hear that same former FFA
boy, FRED R. HARRIS, now the distin-
guished U.S. Senator from Oklahoma,
deliver another speech of great signif-
icance for America and American agri-
culture.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that both speeches by the distin-
guished Senator from Oklahoma IMr.
HARRIS), his FFA speech in 1948, and his
most recent address to the national FFA
Convention, be inserted in the RECORD
at this point In my remarks.
There being no objection, the speeches
were ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
CAN OUR EARTH PEED ITS PEOPLE,
(Address by Senator FRED R. HARRIS In 1848)
Do you realise that, unless soil erosion and
destructive farming methods are overcome,
population may outatrip the supply of toed?
More than 100 years ago Malthus, an Eng-
liso economist and sociologist. predicted that
Approved For Release 2003/10/14: CIA-RDP67600446R000300140002-2