ISRAEL

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 20
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 11, 2004
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: June 19, 1967
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
June 19, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
pie to a cystoscope used in the medical
profession.
When Dr. Clair completed his studies and
examinations, the Thompson and Litchner
Company submitted a 5-volume report to
the Architect, of the Capitol, containing his
findings and remedial measures recom-
mended ,
Volume I contains a detailed account of
the survey, studies, and examinations made
of the west front structure, together with
drawings and other detailed illustrations.
In. addition, it contains a letter from Dr.
Clair, summarizing his findings, and recom-
mending the Extension of the West Central
Front of the Capitol and its reconstruction
in marble. In this letter, Dr. Clair recom-
mended against repair, refacing, or restora-
tion, as a remedial measure to correct the
conditions he found to exist.
Volume 2 contains drawings showing gen-
eral plans of work, location of borings, test
pits, cores, and similar detail, soil profiles,
test pit detail drawings, wall sections, devia-
tion of wall facing stones, and a view of the
East-West section through the Capitol.
Volumes 3, 4, and 5 contain photographs of
various conditions found, including, in gen-
eral, views of the building, major cracks and
displaced stones, exposed surface of walls in
test pits and hand holes made in walls above
grade, both inside and outside of the build-
ing, and detail pictures of all cores as re-
moved from the walls.
Contrary to allegations made by others, the
Thompson and Lichtner Company's studies
and report were not directed to or aimed at
the extension of the West Central Front of
the Capitol, but were directed to a deter-
mination of the condition of the West Cen-
tral Front and what measures-repair, re-
facing, restoration, or extension-should be
taken to remedy conditions in a permanent
manner.
The report did not devote any more time
or space to the extension of the west front,
than it did to the repair, refacing, or res-
toration of the west front! The report was
devoted, instead, to the condition of the
west front and to the conclusions reached
by the Thompson and Lichtner Company as
a result of their studies and examinations.
In addition to the findings and recom-
mendations contained in this report, Dr.
Clair, in testifying on the Extension Project
before the Commission for the Extension of
the United States Capitol at a public hear-
ing, June 24, 1965, enlarged upon the report
and, after discussing various conditions,
findings, and considerations, stated (p. 10)
"What is needed here is to, in my opinion,
protect this whole wall, enclose it just as you
did on the east side by another, structure."
In evaluating opinions, it should be em-
phasized that Dr. Clair has a first-hand
knowledge of deficient structural conditions,
acquired through a baroscopic examination
of the interior construction, made through
the holes from the corings removed from
the walls and later replaced, whereas other
engineers or architects are limited to a visual
examination of the structure and a study
of Dr. Clair's report.
Restoration, if done, would have to be
done on a cost-plus-a-fixed-fee basis, at
an indeterminate cost. Dr. Clair has stated,
in his opinion, such cost could range any-
where from Ten to Fifty Millon Dollars, de-
pending upon the extent of work found
necessary in the course of the restoration,
following the removal of stonework and ex-
posure of the interior structure. Extension
of the west central front and its reconstruc-
tion in marble, under competitive bid con-
tracts, is, on the other hand, estimated to
cost Thirty-Four Million Dollars.
Restoration, if done, would require the en-
tire west central section of the Capitol, be-
tween the two rings, to be vacated, from the
basement to attic, for a period ranging any-
where from 5 to 10 years. Extension of the
west central front would, on the other hand,
not require vacation of any part of the
Capitol, except the section of the terrace
between the Senate and House wings.
Beyond a doubt, in the entire history of
the Capitol Building, no one has ever here-
tofore made as extensive or meticulous ex-
amination or observation of the construction
and condition of the wall structure of the
Capitol on the west side, as was made by Dr.
Clair.
If the west central front of the Capitol
is restored, and not extended, then space oc-
cupied by the following activities would have
to be vacated for all or part of the 5 to 10
years period:
BASEMENT FLOOR
Office of the Architect of the Capitol.
Office of the Coordinator of Information.
FIRST FLOOR
House Branch Post Office.
An office of the Clerk of the House.
Office of the Doorkeeper of the House.
House Enrolling Clerk.
Several offices occupied by Doctor Pearson.
Subcommittee Hearing Rooms, House Com-
mittee on Appropriations.
Joint Committee on Printing.
Office of Secretary of Majority-Senate
Joint Committee on the Reorganization of
Congress.
Senate Barber Shop.
3 Senators' offices.
SECOND FLOOR
Statuary Hall.
House Document Room.
House Foreign Affairs Committee,
1 Congressman's office.
Office of the Minority Leader of the House.
6 Senators' offices.
Senate Disbursing Office.
Senate Minority Leader.
THIRD FLOOR
House Document Room.
House Administration Committee.
8 Senators' offices.
Secretary to the Minority-Senate.
Senate Library.
Part of Senate Document Room.
ATTIC FLOOR
House Document Room.
Law Library.
Senate Library.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR.
OF VIRGINIA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Monday, June 19, 1967
Mr. BYRD of Virginia. Mr. President,
I ask unaminous consent to have print-
ed in the Appendix of the RECORD an edi-
torial published in the Wall Street
Journal, dated June 13, 1967, entitled
"A Not-So-Benevolent Uncle."
There being no objection, the editorial
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
A NOT-SO-BENEVOLENT UNCLE
In the past decade Federal aid to cities has
been rising so rapidly and recklessly that no
one knows just how much has been spent, let
alone what has been accomplished. Some
guesses put the 10-year outlay at $100 billion.
. Now, however, the Federal budget deficit Is
growing to fantastic proportions; at last it
frightens Congress and, now and then, even
the Administration. One result, as Mr. Kar-
min reported in this newspaper recently is
that the cities aren't getting quite all the
money they want, or all that Washington's
politicians had led them to look for.
A3085
With somewhat less cash to hand out than
expected, Federal urban-aid men are develop-
ing a new interest in efficiency. "You've got
to do something besides just sitting back and
letting the programs run themselves," says
one official.
Some cities, of course, are not taking kind-
ly to the idea, having grown accustomed to
seeing Federal dollars poured down the drain.
Yet Washington's interest in better manage-
ment, if it somehow survives, could actually
benefit everybody.
Consider Cleveland, an early target of the
Federal crackdown. The Ohio metropolis has
started 6,000 acres of urban renewal projects
in the last decade, nearly twice as much as
any other city in the nation. Only one of a
dozen projects has ever been finished.
Along the way large amounts of land were
taken off tax rolls and many families were
pushed out of their homes, with the city
often having no idea at all where they went.
Under its be-kind-to-all policy, the Federal
Government went right ahead helping to
finance the fiasco.
But change came to Cleveland in January,
when Housing and Urban Development Sec-
retary Weaver withdrew $10.4 million that
had been earmarked for the city's Erieview II
renewal project. That particular project had
been in the planning stage for almost six
years, and no plan had been produced.
Other cities have felt a Federal nudge.
When San Francisco refused to get moving
on a $20 million urban renewal project, the
Government retrieved the money. "We're
trying to get in a position where our man-
agement record is improved," is the way one
Federal official puts it.
It isn't especially surprising that many
cities have simply taken on more projects
than they could handle. With overlapping aid
programs scattered around Washington,
Government units for years have been falling
over one another in their efforts to be first
in handing out the cash.
In that sort of atmosphere, a lot of cities
came to see "free" Federal funds as the solu-
tion to all their problems, or at least as some-
thing nice to have around. They often
grabbed for the money before they had even
figured out very clearly just what the prob-
lems were. One indication of the slapdash
nature of much of the spending is the sad
fact that the cities have continued to de-
teriorate.
With the Government turning somewhat
less openhanded, local governments may try
harder to mobilize their own resources. It's
conceivable, too, that at least some of them
will evidence more interest in revision of
antiquated tax structures and management
methods, in intelligent control of welfare
and other spending.
It's also possible, to be be sure, that this
is little more than wishful thinking; the
change in Washington can hardly be called
an economy wave. At best it affects only a
relatively small portion of the Government's
huge and growing domestic outlays. A num-
ber of cities, moreover, have become so used
to loose living that they might not follow
even a larger Federal switch toward efficiency.
Nonetheless the new urban-aid attitude is
welcome. If it spreads, it could show that an
uncle not quite so eager to be benevolent is
in fact being kind.
'AAfsrael
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. PAUL A. FWNO
OF NEW YORE
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, June 19, 1967
Mr. FINO. Mr. Speaker, I would like to
make a few brief observations on the
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 A 3086
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX June 19, . 1967
situation in the Middle East. First, I hope
that the administration will make up its
mind where it stands. I believe that ad-
ministration indecision helped to bring
on the recent conflict, and I'feel that the
administration should state the U.S.
position clearly.
I believe that the recent hostilities
must be terminated by a peace treaty in
which the Arab States recognize at least
the existing territorial boundaries of
Israel. Provision should be made for the
internationalization of Jerusalem, which
is sacred to all faiths. Israel should be
given the right of ship passage through
the Suez Canal, and right of passage
through the Straits of Titan into the
Gulf of Aqaba. In return, I believe Israel
has an obligation to the Arabs uprooted
from their former Palestinian homes.
Israel's compliance with these obliga-
tions, also a prerequisite of Middle East
peace, should likewise be written into
any peace treaty.
Last year, I urged the President to
stop the Middle East arms, buildup and
bring U.S. influence to bear on behalf of
the creation of a Middle East Develop-
ment Bank. The President did not do so.
In the last week, others have echoed my
request-the New York Tides, for one.
Now more than ever; the Middle East
needs a development bank ''to sow peace
and not war-to help beat swords into
plowshares. I hope the President will
listen.
High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor
Goes to Full Power
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. CRAIG HOSMER
OF CALIFORNIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, June 19, 1967
Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, within re-
cent weeks the United States has quietly,
but with technical competence, added a
new type reactor to Its shelf of proven
nuclear hardware. It is the high-temper-
ature, gas-cooled reactor. This new en-
try into the nuclear electricity generating
field proved itself when Philadelphia
Electric Co.'s 40,000-kilowatt plant at
Peach Bottom, Pa., went to full power.
It is notable that this particular station
was the only one not shut down by the
surge of power demand which blacked
out electricity generation recently.
throughout Pennsylvania, New Jersey,
and Delaware. Details of the Peach Bot-
tom plant, a joint technical development
by the AEC and General Atomics, as well
as information and prospects for high-
temperature gas-cooled reactors are
found in the following item published
June 4 in the New York Times:
A HIGH-TEMPERATURE REACTOR 'GOES To WORK
FOR PHILADELPHIA
(By Gene Smith)
Frederic de Hoffmann has' been smiling
the big smile of satisfaction for the last 10
days. And he has every right to be proud.
Dr. de Hoffmann, a vice president of the
General Dynamics Corporation and president
of its General Atomic division, has been the
champion of the high-temperature, gas-
cooled reactor (H.T.G.R.), a concept that
provides the highest efficiency nuclear reac-
tor to date. The initial H.T.G.R. Peach Bot-
tom power plant on the lines of the Phila-
delphia Electric Company system began full
power production of electricity on May 25.
It ran two days at the 40,000-kilowatt level
and was shut down to make adjustments on
the non-nuclear portion of the plant. Full
power operation will be resumed as soon as
these adjustments are completed.
The Importance of Peach Bottom lies in
the fact that it utilizes high-efficiency steam
conditions of 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit and
pressure of 1,450 pounds a square inch. Up
to now, most of the nuclear stations operat-
ing in this country have been limited to 500
to 600 degrees Fahrenheit.
Dr. de Hoffmann explained that Peach Bot-
tom operated at a net efficiency of about 35
per cent, which is higher than that of any
of the 13 other nuclear plants that have gone
into regular operation in this country.
"The H.T.G.R.'s higher operating tempera-
tures give more energy to each pound of
steam, thereby enabling the plant to make
better use of modern turbine-generator tech-
nology," Dr. de Hoffmann added. "This high-
temperature operation, combined with Im-
proved nuclear performance, opens the way
to significant reductions in generating costs
and to the assurance of low-cost power from
the atom for many years to come."
Dr. de Hoffmann, who almost single-
handedly has championed the H.T.G.R. in
competition with the breeder reactor con-
cept, expects to see 1-million- or even 2-mil-
lion-kilowatt H.T.G.R. power plants operat-
ing in the early 1970's. He pointed out that
an H.T.G,R. plant of 1-million-kilowatt ca-
pacity would require the mining of about
500 tons of natural uranium to produce the
enriched uranium for Its start-up. A conven-
tional nuclear power plant of the same size
would require about 1,000 tons for its start-
up and would consume about 100 tons of
uranium a year compared with the H.T.G.R.'s
consumption of about 50 tons.
He predicted that if, after 1975, half of all
the additional nuclear generating capacity
installed each year in the United States were
to be H.T.G.R. plants instead of low-tempera-
ture reactors, power cost savings for the na-
tion in the first 10 years could amount to as
much as $1-billion.
"First, we must understand that there is
no such thing as a uranium shortage," Dr.
de Hoffmann said in a recent interview.
"There are at present about 200,000 tons of
known United States reserves of uranium ore
in a region below about $5 to $10 a pound
of ore. The quantity of ore known even now
between $10 and $15 or so a pound would
double or triple this number. This illustrates
that the uranium supply situation, as with
all other commodities, is innately tied to the
price of the commodity.
"One cannot simply talk of a shortage of
ore-one can only talk of a possible shortage
of ore below a given. price. However, the
H.T.G.R. can use far more expensive ores
than the existing water reactors without in-
creasing power costs beyond the ceiling set
by coal. Thus, from the resource point of
view, it is true that water reactors could lead
to a 'shortage' of uranium ores but the use of
H.T.G.R. reactors can alleviate this picture
and make the 'shortage' disappear."
COMPARISON OF COSTS
Dr. de Hoffmann has argued for a long
time that his H.T.G.R. has been put in the
wrong position in the continuing battle over
the type of reactor that will be tested for the
next generation as an operating power maker.
He insists that capital costs for the H.T.G.R.
would be "equal to lower" than costs for
water reactors of the type now being built.
"Furthermore, the fast breeder reactor
should be forced to meet the tests and
records of the H.T.G.R. and not of the water
reactors," he said. "Fast breeder reactors,
just like slow thermal reactors, will have to
compete In terms of power costs or they
simplywill not be built in any free economy.
"If fast reactors can be built with cheap
enough capital costs and good enough fuel-
cycle costs to be able to utilize plutonium
and give cheaper power costs than water re-
actors and, more importantly, than the low-
er cost H.T.G.R.'s, then and only then would
there be justification for building fast breed-
ers for plutonium use. This does not mean
that the building of low gain breeders can
be justified through the fallacious argument
that a 'home for plutonium' must be found."
In this argument, Dr. de Hoffmann sought
to dispute those backers of breederreactors
who claim that breeders would be required
to use up the plutonium that would result
from the thermal reactors and would have
the plus of providing additional fissionable
material that would then be in short supply.
Dr. de Hoffmann contends that if H.T.G.R.'s
were given the go-ahead now, the nation
could assure itself that by 1985 it would
have no need for more than 250,000 tons
of uranium.
General Atomic is building a 330,000-kilo-
watt H.T.G.R. for the Public Service Com-
pany of Colorado under the A.E.C.'s power
reactor demonstration program. The plant.
known as the Fort St. Vrain nuclear gen-
erating station, is scheduled for operation
in 1970 and is expected to have an efficiency
of about 4015er cent.
This is in line with Dr. de Hoffmann's
planning. He has called for a consistent na-
tional program that would have these three
elements:
Recognition that the H.T.G.R. actually
exists and should be given heavy weight in
planning the over-all atomic energy effort.
Immediate emergence of gas-cooled tech-
nology as a real cost savings, to be encour-
aged by the Government for rapid introduc-
tion of thermal gas-cooled systems.
The chance for developing "truly useful
breeders" by means of gas cooling, combined
with the emergence of the gas-cooled tech-
nology capitalized. by both the utilities and
the Government.
Historic Whitewater Waterway: Canal
Memorial Expanding -
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. LEI: H. HAMILTON
OF INDIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, June 19, 1967
Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, in
Franklin County, Ind., we have an exam-
ple of historic and modern-day tech-
nology existing practically side by side.
I speak of the Whitewater Canal State
Memorial, a restoration of a century-old
transportation system, and the new
Brookville Reservoir, now under con-
struction.
On the one hand is the attraction of
a tranquil canal and lock- system which
was for a short time, an important artery
of trade in the early 1800's. Fourteen
miles of the ancient 76-mile-long water-
way have been restored and today carry
tourists on a replica of the old canal
boats.
Less than 8 miles. away, huge earth-
moving machines are creating a 7,790-
acre multipurpose reservoir on which
modern high-powered pleasure craft will
be carrying visitors in the future.
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 A3100 Approved For ILN~tg9,4M :fJtr(W69Bff 00300002-9June 19)
1967
`lems existing in his purported home
town of Charlotte, N.C., in Washington,
D.C., Chicago, and New York. That is,
if he is sincere ,and really looking for
the truth rather than some more polit-
ical hogwash to smear Mississippi.
What an obvious misrepresentation for
a medical doctor to say "In every child
we saw evidence of etc." One knows
he did not see or examine every child in
Mississippi. How many did he see and
who arranged for him to see the few
he possibly did examine? We could go
to any city, U.S.A., or world, and get a
doctor to examine several children, hand
selected because of their physical ail-
ments and utter forth a like emotional
statement.
The reported medical diagnosis may
not be completely false to the point of
outright lies, but they obviously do not
give all the facts to arrive at the truth.
I would hope that the American
Medical Association would take notice of
the grave injustice being provoked by
these professional "agitators hiding be-
hind a time-respected title of respect
such as medical doctor. If the Ford
Foundation sinks so low as to spend its
tax-free fortune to perpetrate these
falsehoods, all America will know there
is a conspiracy-and not in Mississippi.
I ask that the AP release of June 17, as
it appeared in the Washington, D.C.,
Evening Star follow my remarks:
NEGRO STUDY SAYS MANY ARE STARVING
Many Negroes literally are starving in
Southern states, with the crisis worst in
Mississippi, says a panel of six physicians in
a study for the Ford Foundation.
"I was told before I went there that there
was a conspiracy to eliminate the Negro. I
didn't believe it before but I do now," Dr.
Raymond Wheeler told a news conference
yesterday.
Wheeler, a Charlotte, N.C., internist said,
"It is still difficult for me to believe than this
could exist in this nation of ours."
The news conference came after the
physicians talked with Department of Agri-
culture officials and members of a Senate
poverty subcommittee.
In their report.to the Ford Foundation, the
doctors wrote:
"In every child we saw evidence of vitamin
and general deficiencies; serious untreated
skin infections and ulcerations; eye and ear
disease; also unattended bone disease sec-
ondary to poor food intake."
Other physician members of the survey
team were Joseph Brenner on the Massachu-
setts Institute of Technology Medical De-
partment; Robert Coles, Harvard University
Health Service; Alan Mermann, assistant
clinical professor, Yale University Medical
School; Milton Senn, professor at the Child
Study Center, Yale; and Dr. Cyril Walwyn,
medical adviser to Friends of the Children
of Mississippi. ~_
A Mddern David and Goliath
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. ABRAHAM J. MULTER
IN THE HOUSE OF, REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, June 19, 1967
Mr. MULTER, Mr. Speaker, since the
beginning of the crisis in the Middle
East, countless articles have been written
about the bravery of the small State of
Israel. Few articles, however, have con-
tained the heartfelt emotion of the one
that follows.
I commend to the attention of our
colleagues this moving article written
by Yvette Scharfman, which appeared
in the June 10, 1967, edition of the Kings
Courier.
The article follows:
POLITICAL PATTER
(By Yvette Scharfman)
We wrote our column for this issue, en-
gaging in the usual "political patter." But
upon reading it, we suddenly found it to be
fatuous and banal amidst the blood and
thunder rampant in our planet today! We
tore It to shreds. We are outraged at man's
inhumanity to man, and we pass on our
outcry.
It is inconceivable in our day, with so
highly civilized and sophisticated an instru-
ment as the United Nations, that one country
dares to speak openly of destroying an-
other country! Let us go back to 1958, when
three-quarters of a million Israelis won a
miraculous victory over the dictator Nasser
(and 40 million arabe) and might have saved
the Suez Canal for western civilization, but
for pressures exercised against them by the
then President Eisenhower and Secretary of
State Dulles. The latter forced them through
threats of sanctions, boycotts and "our dis-
pleasure," to surrender the spoils of war.
Messrs. Eisenhower & Dulles picked Nasser
up off his back and placed him again upon
the backs of his subjects. And the monster
Nasser, like the creation of Frankenstein, is
now venting his spleen against the America
who saved him. He and his arab henchmen
openly lick the Russian boot! In 1956, how-
ever, in exchange for returning the dictator
Nasser to his country and his throne, the
victorious Israelis were told by the then
President Eisenhower that our country was
committed to a promise of freedom of the
seas for all nations. (Actually, we gave
them nothing they had not already won
through blood, bravery, sacrifice and suffer-
ing matched only by the Irish during their
rebellion against England.)
But the Israelis, neither boastful nor
bragging, went back to their little country,
about the size of Rhode Island, and began
to build while other nations were seeking to
destroy.
Today we ask who are these 2 million
Israelis who would dare to fight back against
an aggressor who comprises 80 million in
manpower, together with the superior
strength of mechanized armaments furnished
by communist Russia? We shall try to pre-
sent a picture. They are (1) a band of
idealistic pioneers; (2) a handful of con-
centration camp graduates and (3) a group
of comparatively recent refugees. The first
group, the idealistic pioneers, felt that the
Jew should have a homeland like any other
group of nationals; that this homeland was
his from time immemorial; that the old
testament, upon which our Judeo-Christian
western culture is based, promised him this
bit of soil in the beginning. He wanted to
implement the promise and the prophecy
connected with it, and he endured hardships
comparable with our own early pioneers in
settling the land.
The concentration camp survivors went
to Israel because no other country would ac-
cept the blind, the lame, the sick and the
halt. They did not go by choice. They had
been well integrated (or so they thought) in
the social fabric of Germany, until-the little
house painter from Austria decided to elimi-
nate first the Jew and then all non-nazis,
These camp survivors have known a living
death. Nothing can frighten them now!
The recently arrived refugees have fled from
arable countries where they have been per-
secuted, and from countries behind the iron
curtain where they have escaped at the peril
of their lives, rather than live under the
terror of communism. They have worked and
slaved to build their tiny country. They have
made the desert green. They have given full
representation and equal rights and pay to
all arabs who remained in Israel (which is
far more than arabs are now granted in
arable lands.) Israel wishes only to be left
in peace (their word for "hello" and "good-
bye" is Shalom, which means peace.) But
there is no peace!
What about the sanctimonious great
powers who would fight communism in one
part of the world but would declare their
"neutrality" when the 2 million are faced
with the aggression of 80 million supported
openly by the communists? Our country
gave Jordan millions of dollars in arma-
ments only recently "in order to achieve a
a balance of power against Egypt in the
middle East." And now Jordan has signed
a pact with Nasser to stab little Israel in
the guts with these very weapons! But little
Israel is fighting her own fight-not only
against the arab world, but against the com-
munist world. Her people will fight for demo-
cracy unto the death. And the Jews in other
parts of the world, ashamed that they stood
impotently by while Hitler destroyed six
million of their brethren, will now give
generously of their material goods; for the
Israelis ask not that we fight their battle,
but that we help them care for their indigent
refugees so that they may purchase arms
which all their enemies receive free of
charge!
The world will not be treated to a modern
David-Goliath confrontation. We are an in-
curable romantic, to be sure, but we be-
lieve God is on the side of the Israelis; for
despite insuperable odds, these people have
breathed life and hope and faith into the
magic words emblazoned upon our own
Statue of Liberty, written by the Jewish
poetess Emma Lazarus:
"Give me your tired, your poor;
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe
free;
The wretched refuse of your teeming
shores;
Send these, the homeless, the tempest-
tossed, to me."
'Yes, the State of Israel will endured
Arlington County, Va., Cultural Center
Proposed by Commission
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL
OF VIRGINIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, June 19, 1967
Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia. Mr.
Speaker, at the May 13 meeting of the
Arlington County Board, in my con-
gressional district, Mrs. George Green,
chairman of the Arlington Cultural
Heritage Commission, reported on the
findings of her commission with regard
to the need for a cultural center in the
county with a full complement of facil-
ities for the performing and audiovisual
arts.
Mrs. Green's study was most detailed,
and represents long hours of devoted ef-
fort on her part as well as on the part
of the members of her commission. I
believe the Members of this House might
be interested in knowing of the activities
of her commission in a community in
which many of my colleagues reside.
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 June 19, 1967 ApprovedCFMFVH?gNWOW toftIb-RDgpf@MRR000200300002-9 A3099
factory. No one can'say with any certainty
that the allies are a quarter or a half or
three-quarters down the road, or, indeed,
whether units of time have relevance in Viet-
nam.
Verbs in the Vietnamese language have no
tense changes. The verb is the same whether
past, present or future, and is modified by
a second word. This says something for the
Vietnamese sense of time.
But for Americans here it is a tertiary
matter. Only a handful understand the lan-
guage well enough to use it in sophisticated
discourse.
No one can understand the shooting war
in Vietnam because the correspondents have
not devised-a calculus for measuring it as a
continuum. The miiltary is worse, professing
to find significance in the corpse count and
mistaking valor for progress. The war is now
reported by correspondents as - Broadway is
reviewed by drama critics. Each operation
is a production of its own, unrelated to its
predecessors. It is reviewed on its own merits,
because there are no other standards of
judgment.
Battles erupt, small ones In the delta, larg-
er ones in the highlands, the largest of all in
the First Corps area up by the demilitarized
zone, and none of them battles for terrain
or control of population but for men and
supplies.
"If we keep going at it like this," said a
young marine lieutenant at the DMZ, "my
kids are going to be fighting this war."
He had been in Vietnam for nearly a year,
and was asked what progress he'- saw. "We're
sure kicking hell out of Old Charlie," he
said, "but Old Charlie sometimes kicks hell
out of us. I guess I don't see the, progress be-
cause I'm too close to it." -
Frustrated, angry, bewildered at the in-
ability of American firepower to contain "Old
Charlie," ever more incredulous' schemes are
considered: Invade the DMZ. Bomb Hanoi.
Mine Haiphong harbor. And none of them
bears on winning the war in South Vietnam
except as they marginally impede the ability
of the enemy to send men and supplies south.
These are sideshows, introduced by authors
who sense that the main plot is slipping and
Incapable of enough velocity, to'hold the at-
tention of the electorate.
The insurgency seems incapable of being
beaten back, so you invade the DMZ. Half
the province chiefs are corrupt, half the
Vietnamese army won't fight, so you bomb
Hanoi. A former prime minister of South
Vietnam sat at lunch at the Caravelle Hotel
the other day, sipped an American beer, and
pronounced sadly, "The problem isn't the
North Vietnamese army, it's the, South Viet-
namese government."
But tell that to the marines fighting in
Quang Tri Province or the 4th Infantry Divi-
sion 30 miles west of Pleiku. Thgy are fight-
ing North Vietnamese infantry, splendidly
equipped with modern Chinese weapons,
well-disciplined, fanatically dedicated. They
have come down from the north, and some-
how the flow must be stopped.
Bombing of the trails from the north was
supposed to stanch the flow, but it failed.
Now the planners want to dig a ditch from
the South China Sea to western' Laos. These
planners make a plausible case- for it-you
can make a plausible case for anything in
Vietnam-but somehow common sense
throws up its hands. Is a ditch really the
answer? Perhaps it is.
Intelligent men have been wrong before.
They said that American troops would not
fight well in Vietnamese jungles. They have.
They said a jet aircraft was useless against
the guerrilla. It isn't.
They said B-52 strikes were inconsequen-
tial, no more than junglebusters. They
aren't.
The heavy weaponry, the tanks and air-
craft, more often than not make the head-
lines, but it is the long, slow slog that makes
the war.
The level of leadership in the Vietnamese
government, both in Saigon and the prov-
inces, is low. The problems are corruption
and lack of dedication.
The top jobs in the provinces and districts
are often for sale. In the opinion of some
observers here, the corruption problem will
not be solved until all the money Is gone.
And at the rate Americans are putting
money into Vietnam, that millennia is some
distance away.
Deeper than corruption, though, is the
capacity of the Vietnamese to absorb Lyn-
don Johnson's Great Society, a concept not
exactly rooted in Asian tradition nor es-
pecially congenial to it.
In Washington, the President can ask why
there aren't more schools. In the provinces,
the problem is more complex. Are there
books? Teachers? Who will build the school?
Does the village need one? How much graft
must be taken off the top? -
The bewildering variety of American pro-
grams, from advisers in tax collection to ex-
perts in animal husbandry to projects in-
volving health, auto repair, and journalism,
is beyond the capacity of the Vietnamese to
absorb. The Americans are trying to stuff
10 pounds of sugar into a 5-pound bag. And
the bag, more often than not, is made In
America.
What the Vietnamese want is not bigger
rice crops or handsomer schools, but social
justice and security.
Vietnamese intellectuals, particularly
young ones, are not always easy to follow.
They appear to want the Americans to dis-
pose of the generals, win the war, liquidate
all holdings in Vietnam, and exit as quickly
as possible-all with as little dislocation to
Vietnamese society as possible.
It comes easy, after a year and a half of
watching the money-grabbing eyclo drivers
and bartenders, the insistence of the street
vendors and the massive indifference of
much of the armed forces, to place the
blame for the inertia in this war principally
on the Vietnamese, or at least the Vietnamese
leadership.
But it's not that simple in Vietnam. Noth-
ing is.
The most attractive Vietnamese is in many
ways Prime Minister Ky. Since he began to
regard himself as presidential material, he
has become crafty, which has detracted some
from a kind of blitzkreig honesty that once
permitted him to say, "In Vietnam, 85 per
cent of all rumors are true." The principal
rumor at the time was an outrageous story
about himself.
Americans, particularly military officials,
tend to forget that the Vietnamese are
laughing most of the time, that they em-
barrass-easily, and have, a highly developed
sense of the ridiculous.
The war, or as many of them call it, "The
situation in Vietnam," strikes many of them
as intrinsically mad, an East Asian theater
of the absurd where, almost without realizing
it, a full-scale war has erupted, and no one
can quite .say what is being fought for, or
over.
Saigon must demonstrate that the war Is
worth winning and that life will somehow
be better when it is over and the Commu-
nists are defeated.
Most educated Vietnamese believe that the
war is worth winning, but for the average
man. it must strain credulity. Not that the
Viet Cong are to be preferred.
But the war has gone very far. Anything
would be better.
The situation in this country is Wash-
ington's responsibility as much as it is any-
one's.
The Johnson administration has got its
priorities badly out of joint in this war.
Pressed by the generals and other tradi-
tionalists, it has attempted to win the war
on the cheap, by "forcing Hanoi to the bar-
gaining table" by destroying her means of
production. This strategy has its corollary in
the South with the indiscriminate use of
artillery fire at night, and literally hundreds
of air strikes a day.
The most severe side effect of the first is
that it diverts attention from the essentials
to a notion that somehow the war in the
south can be won in the north. In the sec-
ond it argues that machinery is a substitute
for hard slogging. Anyone who has watched
how hard the slogging is knows the compul-
sion to substitute machinery.
But it won't work.
If the effort and money spent dropping
bombs were put into retraining the South
Vietnamese army, reforming the bureauc-
racy, and forcing thegenerals to prosecute
corrupt colleagues, there is more than a fair
chance that the Americans could pull it off.
But in Vietnam, the Americans also have
a leadership problem.
There are men of immense ability and
dedication here, but there are not nearly
enough of them. Many of the best go unap-
preciated by the American establishment,
which is in its way as opaque as the Viet-
namese establishment.
The war can only be won by the Viet-
namese. It is still the Americans' to lose, by
misapplication of power or by impatience or
sheer unwillingness to do what needs to be
done. The administration ought to decide it
is in the war for keeps, and victory is not to
be bought by bombing a power plant in
Hanoi. What it is going to mean is more
dead men, both Americans and Vietnamese.
It means fighting the war on the Com-
munists' terms. It means a definition of war
aims, so far not supplied by the administra-
tion, and most of all a careful explanation
of the kind of casualties that can be
expected.
A Medical Conspiracy Against Mississippi
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. JOHIN R. RARICK
OF LOUISIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, June 19, 1967 -
Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, it is said
that to let an intellectual talk long
enough he will begin to believe his own
expert opinions and trap himself.
But for a medical man to unequivo-
cally declare that an entire State is in
a conspiracy to eliminate the Negro is
preposterous. This blast carries the im-
print of a self-designed genocide blue-
print. I wonder if the good doctor legally
understands the term "conspiracy"?
If refusing to pay or feed people who
no longer work or are unproductive is
conspiracy, then perhaps this report
should include thereal cause of the prob-
lem, that is, Washington bureaucrats,
poverty corps, welfare and political car-
petbaggers who encourage nonproduc-
tivity and parental shiftlessness.
And what significance does the good
doctor attach to the word "eliminate."
Can it be "migration" as a result of a
breakdown in racial harmony brought
about in great part by just such agitation
as his? Is he afraid for disenchanted
people to move north to his hometown?
He's on a Ford grant-why does he not
promote the rich Ford Foundation outfit
to move his specimens to Detroit and give
them a free home and a job? That is, if
he is genuinely concerned and not just
blowing off more hot air to provoke addi-
tional racism and sectionalism.
Certainly if he looked, he could find
the same medical symptoms and prob-
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 Approved For Rel ~2 RD 000200300002-9 A3111
CONGRSONtC~ ~~
treat and iiheralization speakers underscored a number of important
ration" in Soviet Denaviur. -
was voiced for wo bmeri ited praise sua r
EXTENSION OF .REMARKS We think each of these steps must be rent
or weighed on Its individual merits; they port a
1l~~Tr .y. should be neither rejected - nor accepted pollution control agency for Erie and Niagara
HON. ABRAHAM J. MV L 1 ER merely for the sake of detente. In the mean- Counties. This certainly should be studied as
'OF NEW YORK time the lessons of Soviet involvement in the a logical extension of metropolitan co-opera-
current crisis are relevant in two ways. tion in a region over which air pollutants
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Regardless of what happens next, for one blow without regard for county boundaries.
l onday, June 19, 1967 thing, Soviet actions so far demonstrate that The forum also heard appeals for support
Russian leaders have few inhibitions about of proposed legislation in Washington to
Mr. MULTER. Mr. Speaker, when we heating up a crisis when they conceive that establish federal emission standards in vari-
look back upon the cold war, we find that it suits their purpose. Regardless of how far ous major industries. p
s that
, the
The
aretoward likelydtoereta nroaeresidual of anti-pollution believeco trol andcenfo cement
as m detente every instance the first step toward Communistsmovement
particu wet made by the West, and nd enmity that can break out at any time. should remain in state and local hands; we
particular, the United States. Recent de- - That being so, the United States must not are increasingly impressed, however, with the
velopments in the Middle East are an allow the urge for some symbolic agreement argument that a region like the Niagara
indication of how unreceptive the So- to outweigh the necessity of protecting its Frontier is economically handicapped try-
viets have been to our continual efforts. own national interests against an outbreak ing to impose higher emission standards on
I commend to the attention of our col- of Russian hostility. Do we really have ade- its industries, present and future, than
leagues an editorial which appeared in quate protection, for instance, against the those prevailing in many other states and
the June 8, 1967 edition of the Wall Russians' secretly breaking agreements on localities. Certainly, the danger of runaway
Street Journal. The editorial analyzes nuclear weapons in outer space? industries seeking pollution havens in plan-
the realistic hopes for detente, for a sec- fling new investment should not be dis-
the effect of detente upon the SOViebs, and thing, rest on Soviet recognition that in counted.
and suggests a new policy of detente for a nuclear age their own interests dictate a "Strong state and local standards-essen-
the future. relaxation of tension. Yet if the United tial to pollution control-cannot be effec-
The article follows: States presses its eagerness to accommodate tive if neighboring states and cities do not
WHAT HAPPENS TO DETENTE? despite provocation, the Soviets will natu- have strong standards of their own," said
rally conclude that being provocative in- President Johnson in a message to Congress
An unfunny thing happened on the way volves nothing to lose and just possibly last Jan. 30. "Nor can such local standards
to detente. Though some apostles of accom- something to gain. gain the support of industry and the public,
modation have been proclaiming an end to Not only would that eventuality lead to unless they know that plants in adjoining
the cold war, the world woke up to find the stormy international politics, but it might communities must also meet standards at
Soviet Union dabbling in if not sparking the have a profound effect on the shape of any least as strict."
crisis that led to the Middle Eastern war. detente that eventually might merge. To There are signs that some major Indus-
reach anything like equity in the compro- tries may, in fact, prefer a national approach.
shot of the war will probably come in its mises necessary to a detente, America's atti- Thus Congressional Quarterly recently cited
effects on Soviet-American relations. So tude must be related fairly closely to the "the reported willingness of many industries
what attitude should the United States now other side's willingness to reciprocate with to accept uniform federal emission stand-
take toward the Soviet Union? Specifically, its own steps to reduce tension. ards as a lesser evil than a bewildering com-
should it change its policy of trying to im- With regard to Soviet relations, then, the plexity of state and local regulations which
prove East-West relations? lesson of the Middle East crisis so far is that could upset the competitive balance, within
A great deal depends, of course, on what the United States' posture must be truly an industry, by requiring more pollution
the Russians do next. Perhaps their belated flexible. It must be willing to take initiatives control equipment in some sections of the
agreement to vote for a UN cease-fire resolu- at certain times. But when the Soviets pre- country than in others."
tion will grow into a tacit willingness to pro- cipitate trouble, the U.S. must be equally At the same time, there should be tax in-
mote a sound settlement. This would be a willing to back off and trim its enthusiasm. centives to encourage and speed the instal-
welcome sign of accommodation.
So far, though, it seems the Soviets dropped
their opposition to the resolution merely to
cut Nasser's losses. And they continue to
press for return not to the status quo ante,
but to the situation in which Nasser could
enjoy the fruits of belligerence he grabbed
prior to Israel's counterstroke. It still seems,
in short, the Soviets are interested not in
peace but in cold war maneuvering.
If events continue to bear out that con-
clusion, we do not think the Western drive
for detente should be reversed or even neces-
sarily stopped. But it should be slowed down.
The drive should not be stopped because
in the long run no other outcome to the cold
war seems as hopeful. The hot opponents of
detente -never suggest what alternative the
United States should hcoe to promote in-
stead; neither" Armageddon nor permanent
hostility at the brink appeals to us. The best
hope is that the Communist powers will
gradually evolve into something less threat-
ening, and conceivably careful attempts at
mutual accommodation may help promote
such evolution.
The drive should be slowed down if the
current Soviet attitude persists, though, so
that its most ardent supporters will have a
little time to absorb the lesson of Soviet
policy in the crisis so far. It Is still not ap-
parent, at least, from the public reports
available, whether Russia deliberately un-
leashed Nasser or merely reacted to the op-
portunity he created. Certainly it has given
strong diplomatic support to Nasser's pro-
vocativeness, and its naval movements were
pointed.
The advocates of detente should take note.
Too often they reason that since accommo-
dation is a sound eventual goal, the U.S.
must rush to take any step' proposed in. its
name. Indeed, we already hear arguments
that the U.S. must proceed with such steps
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
of
HON. RICHARD D. McCARTHY
OF NEW YORK -
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, June 8, 1967
pollution control facilities by industry. Ad-
ministration opposition to proposals granting
such induceemnts is unfortunate.
A special problem for the Niagara Frontier
is to what extent international controls may
be required for air pollution passing between
the U.S. and Canada along the Niagara River.
This subject would seem a fruitful one for
further exploration at coming sessions of the
Niagara University forum series now so well
Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, one of In p ks Frony Almost Fatal
the axioms of democratic government is: Madness
Public interest yields public action.
Testimony to this was the Interna-
tional Forum on Air Pollution sponsored
by. Niagara University, Niagara Falls,
N.Y.
This conference evidenced support of
measures to control air pollution. It also
showed what a high degree of knowledge
and expertise small but interested groups
possess in grappling with this problem of
international importance.
Mr. Speaker, I include the following
editorial from the Buffalo Evening News,
commending this forum, in the RECORD:
CLEAN-AIR NEEDS
The first of a series of international air
pollution forums to be sponsored by Niagara
University and the State Senate was an ex-
cellent demonstration of how smaller uni-
versities can make significant contributions
to public enlightenment and community
service.
While the forum reached no final answers
to the growing menace of contaminated air,
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. JOHN E. MOSS
OF CALIFORNIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, June 6, 1967
Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, all Americans
have great sympathy for the almost in-
soluble problems confronting the nation
of India. Each of us recognizes the heavy
burden borne by Prime Minister Indira
Gandhi. The American people have done
more than merely evidenced their under-
standing and their sympathy; they have
given unselfishly of their resources in an
effort to aid this unfortunate nation.
I am confident we will continue doing so,
but one would expect a measure of reci-
procity from the Government of India at
the very least. That we have not had;
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 A3112 Approved For 41p5/ REIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
~ONAL CORD - APPENDIX June 19,
A 19:67
commend to my colleagues the fol- Katzenbach and others are flying to Saigon
lowing editorial from the Sacramento Sunday.
Bee of June 14, 1967: The United States seems on the verge of
INDIA SPEAKS FROM AN ALMOST FATAL one more major escalation of the Vietnamese
MADNESS conflict. General Westmoreland's recent trip
India has seemed to suffer from self in- to the United States, coupled with seemingly
inspired
duced hallucinations ever Since it attained its Son forces the belief from that Washington and scan
independence in World War II. Its neutral- force of f 462 462,,0G00 men plus other forces at sea
ity on the side of communism has been and in Thailand is considered insufficient.
nothing short of a compulsive death wish. All this even though President Johnson
This. pathological state of the Indian mind said again and again in his 1964 electoral
never was more vividly symptomized than campaign that he had no intention of send-
in the recent attack by India's Prime Minister ing "American boys 9,000 or 10,000 miles
Indira Gandhi in her hysterical blast at the away from home to do what Asian boys ought
United States and her praise of Egyptian to be doing for themselves."
President Gamal Abdel Nasser as "a force for Unfortunately, Premier Ky's soldiers have
progress",
not even shown the determination needed to
e e lamented
niggardly aid what she
U.S. Yet this aid has be defend their own people in the pacification
thS
program
amounted to nearly $10 billion since World well as program. As most a of the result the defensive work as
War II. America. has done more to assist taken offense has had b
n
independent India than any other nation In aside fover the fact that American the soldiers. This
the world in the last 20 years. campaign from has, Minister Gandhi turns on America, how- promised , to
failure; its
revitalization date, has been not a occurred.
ever, in a disregard occurpur-blind good of the record, It would stretch credibility to detach Pre-
incensed mainly because the US also has mier Ky's figure of 600,000 American soldiers
aided Pakistan, which, she says, has used from the fact that he is a candidate for the
some of the American assistance to kill In- Presidency of South Vietnam and has been
dians. conducting an open drive for the post even
Yet India might have sought peaceable before the official opening of the campaign.
resolution of its troubles with Pakistan. In- He is apparently running on a program of
dira Gandhi disregarded the truth that US outpromising any other candidate, - with
aid to Pakistan is in line with well known American troops and supplies as his prom-
American policy to support in some measures issory notes.
those nations which resist communism. Escalation on the ground and in the air
Her encomiums for Nasser are even more has merely extended the scope of the war
perverse and hallucinatory. Nasser "a force and the casualties without bringing any dis-
for progress". This "progressive" man has cernible progress toward an end of hostili-
just led the Arab world to its worst and ities. The sole effect of each increase in forces
most humiliating defeat at the hands of Is- is to provide the imeptus for yet another
rael. Increase and multiply the risk of world holo-
His economy is a mess and the masses, caust.
poor a and fihhout real political freedom, face The quest for a military victory In Viet-
Both abroad and at home Nasser has been nam has perhaps been spurred by the speed
of the Israeli victory in the Mideast. If so,
the very epitome of undemocratic backward- it would be well to consider the enormous
ness. Still this well educated daughter of a and baffling problems that now face Israel,
great and wise father finds one of the most the Arab states and the great powers as a
disastrous and autocraticnational leaders to result of a military success that the United
be a "force for progress". States could not at this late stage duplicate
And at the same time she bites the hand in Vietnam.
of the nation which has given her country The longer the Vietnam war goes on the
enough to rebuild 50 American cities. Is this greater the costs on both sides, the more in-
the rabies of racism? t
t
bl
Premier Ky's War
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
rac
a
e the obstacles to a negotiated set-
tlement will become. In any case Marshal Ky
should be told that the war is not being
fought toadvance his political career.
Destination Nowhere
HON. WILLIAM F. RYAN EXTENSION OF REMARKS
. OF NEW YORK
O
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, June 19, 1967
Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, the New York
Times for June 16 carries an editorial
which should make our policymakers
pause and think. Premier Ky of South
Vietnam has decided that U.S. troops
should be increased in Vietnam from the
present level of 462,000 to 600,000. Who
is making the escalation decisions any-
way? It is time to deescalate this un-
declared war and negotiate a settlement.
The editorial follows:
[From the New York Times, June 16, 1967]
PREMIER KY's WAR?
Premier Nguyen Cao Ky of South Vietnam
has pronounced judgment: 600,000 American
troops are needed to win the war In Vietnam.
He calmly, and with apparent confidence,
made his desires known a few hours after
the Pentagon announced that Secretary of
Defense McNamara, Under Secretary of State
F
HON. ROMAN C. PUCINSKI
OF ILLINOIS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, June 19, 1967
Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker
the
,
plight of the American merchant fleet
is one of the real tragedies of our time.
I do hope the Congress will be motivated
to do something about this problem. In
the meantime, I should like to insert in
the RECORD today an excellent article on
the subject written by Mr. Mel Barisic,
who is vice president of the National
Maritime Union of America.
The article follows:
DESTINATION NOWHERE-ODYSSEY Or A PANA-
There Is also the problem of American ship-
owners and American-built ships registered
under the runaway flags, foreign-crewed,
which are starving their crews, abusing them,
stranding them and abandoning them all
over the world. And these ships are carrying
U.S. government relief cargoes!
Our NMU representative Dave Smith who
is stationed in the Philippines had an as-
signment in Guam and brought to my atten-
tion a real atrocity story about a ship named
the SS Galveston Navigator.
As a Union official, I have heard many
sad stories about runaway shipowners but
I think our membership and government of-
ficials should be made aware of the story of
this present day blood ship.
The SS Galveston Navigator, owner by the
Galveston SS Co., left Orange, Texas on
November 17, 1966 with 4,700 tons of U.S.
Government foreign aid rice destined for
Saigon. She Was under Panama flag, com-
manded by a Greek-American captain, Lee
Tamerlane. The crew consisted of 32 men
from Ecuador, Panama, Mexico, Columbia,
England and Honduras.
A short distance out in the Gulf, the
freighter developed engine trouble. She
limped along and finally arrived at Panama
after 9 days at sea. There, five crew members
deserted the ship because of miserable con-
ditions and the company's, refusal to pay
decent wages and overtime. No attempts were
made to repair the ship's engines at Panama
and the vessel departed again enroute to
Honolulu, minus her bosun, oiler, radio op-
erator and 2 messmen.
Engine trouble continued to plague the
crew throughout the trip to Honolulu. When
the ship docked at Honolulu after 30 days at
sea, the chief engineer, first and second
mates all deserted the ship. According to
crew members w"o remained on board, the
officers decided the fregihter was no longer
seaworthy, and were disgusted at the com-
pany's indifference to their problems.
Captain Tamerlane, evidently believing it
was important to deliver the cargo to Saigon,
decided to continue on to the Philippines.
The ship sailed out of Honolulu and the
engines broke down again. They had a
broken down ship and were seriously short-
handed. But, working day and night on the
machinery, they were able to crawl into Wake
Island.
Seven more of the c-ew deserted there.
Now they had only half a crew but the
Galveston Navigator set out again for the
Philippines. Four days out of Wake, the
engines broke down completely. She drifted
helpless for 12 days and It was not until she
drifted within 300 miles of Guam that the
owners called for a tug to go to her aid. She
was towed Into Guam Feb-uary 1.
Tied up at the docks at Apra Harbor, two
more members of the crew deserted. In a
statement to the Pacific Journal, a Guam
newspaper, the ship's chief cook said: "We,
the crew of the Galveston Navigator are very
unhappy here. All of us would like to get
back to our home towns. We don't want to
continue with this ship because we don't
trust the company. We are here without
wages and also we are almost out of food,
we are here with this rotting cargo and we
almost cannot stand the smell of it."
According to the men they ran out of
drinking water and the Captain himself, out
of his own pocket, had purchased enough
water at Guam to last for about 24 hours.
NMU has been busy on the case. We de-
manded an investigation of the situation
with the object of p-otecting the crew and
also the good name of the United States.
Curiously, no official inquiry has yet been
made as to the condition of the ship's cargo
which consists of United States relief cargo-
Agriculture Department or AID-for Viet-
nam. The Attorney General at Guam has
The problems we had a short time ago re- Interior aboutptY.emsituat on.griculture and
garding the SS Good Eddie and the SS Good The owners of this ship have abandoned
Willie were bad enough. But that's not all. it. According to reports, they are three fast
MANIAN RusmucKET
(By Vice President Mel Barisic)
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
June 19, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
corrupt, and politicians lack opportunity,
security and prestige.
Mr. Webster of dictionary fame has his
doubts, too. He defines a politician as one
versed in the art or science of government.
But he adds an optional definition, "One
primarily interested in political offices from
selfish or other narrow, usually short-run in-
terests."
The belief that politics amounts to little
more than the conduct of public affairs for
private advantage leads to the oft-heard
chant: "Let's take politics out of govern-
ment."
It seems to me that's like saying we should
-take oxygen out of the air, or the engine out
of the automobile. There are many nonpo-
litical governments in this world of ours.
They are usually called dictatorships.
I once heard a member of the anti-Nazi
underground describe the Hitler regime as
one under which everything not prohibited
was compulsory. The first step in achieving
this state of affairs came-when the Nazi gov-
ernment outlawed politics, banning all
parties except the Nazi party. The Com-
munist governments of Russia and China did
likewise, outlawing all opposition parties and
politicians.
It is through politics that the people of
a democracy exercise their options, and make
their decisions.
All sorts of forces play a part in the proc-
ess. The great religions of our world play
a major role. So do concepts of philosophy,
ethics and morality. So do uses of education,
science and sociology. But after these and
countless other forces have made their con-
tributions, the final decisions are reached
through the intricately intertwined and in-
extricably interlocked processes of politics
and governments.
The decisions are Influenced .by those who
don't vote, for they delegate responsibility
to those Who do. The decisions are made by
those who vote, and by those for whom they
vote. The latter, for fleeting moments, occupy
the places of power. But their authority lies
always in the hands of the people,
. The politicians and the parties present to
the people their programs, policies, and per-
spnalities. The people are free to pick and
choose among them. If they choose unwisely,
they can always throw the rascals out at the
next election.
And so when the people decry politics and
politicians, they decry themselves.
By no means are all politicians seedy and
selfish. I know many in both parties of strong
convictions and unimpeachable integrity.
Many are constructive and creative. Yet, it's
obvious that there's room for vast improve-
ment-and it's up to the people themselves
to make politics more responsive to their
needs and hopes and dreams.
Never' in all history has it been more
important for the people to know their own
power, and to exercise it wisely. For ours
is the first generation of man possessed of
the power to wip! out ignorance, poverty,
hunger, disease-and war, Ours is also the
first generation of man possessed of the
power to wipe out the human race.
The choice is ours, and It will be made
through politics and goverspuent.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS .
OF
HON.,JOEL T. BROYHILL
OF VIRGINIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, June 19, 1967
Mr. `BROYIIM of Virginia. Mr.
Speaker, `I should like to include in the
RECORD three letters written to the editor
of the Washington Evening Star on
June 10, 1948, June 19, 1948, and June
5, 1967, by a friend and constituent of
mine, Mr. Sidney Koretz, of Arlington,
Va.
I commend these letters to the atten-
tion of my colleagues, as I feel they are
both interesting and thought-provoking,
and reflect a full understanding of the
Middle East situation in 1948 and at the
present time :
ARLINGTON, VA.
SIR: Ambassador Arthur Goldberg points
out that the United States has been "even-
handed." The U.S. called the Security Coun-
cil meeting in the Suez crisis of 1956 to deal
with an Israeli-British-French attack on
Egypt and voted against its traditional
friends, Last November the U.S. joined In a
Security Council vote to censure Israel for
an attack on Jordan.
This may be a good time to recall that
on July 15, 1958, the U.S. had to send Marines
into Lebanon. to defend Arab against Arab.
Lebanon had formally accused the United
Arab Republic before the Security Council
of instigating and aiding a rebellion against
the government. On July 14 a seemingly pro-
Egyptian coup overthrew the Iraqi Govern-
ment, assassinating the King and the Prime
Minister.
When the Lebanese Government asked for
help, the answer from the United States was
prompt. Said President Eisenhower: "If it is
made an International crime to help a small
nation maintain its independence, then in-
deed the possibilities of conquest are un-
limited."
JEWISH CLAIM TO PALESTINE
To the?EDITOR OF THE STAR:
The assumption by "Internationalist" in a
letter appearing in The Star of June 5 that
American policy with regard to Palestine
is based on "blind advice" is highly pre-
sumptuous, though his call for more edu-
cation on the subject is not to be gainsaid.
Equally presumptuous is his reference to
the British Declaration of November 2,
1917, the so-called Balfour Declaration,
"in favor of the establishment in Pales-
tine of a national home for the Jewish
people" as nothing more than a "beau geste."
In effect, this is mockery of the judgment
of the highest international authority,
namely the League of Nations, which on
July 24, 1922, formally approved the Pales-
tine Mandate embodying this Declaration,
with the concurrence of all the enlightened
nations of the world.
Are we to understand that President Wood-
row Wilson was simply ignorant when he
approved of the Balfour Declaration, and
added, as reported in the New York Times of
March 3, 1919, that he was "persuaded that
the Allied nations, with the fullest concur-
rence of our Government and people, are
agreed that in Palestine shall be laid the
foundations of a Jewish commonwealth"?
On September 21, 1922, President Harding
signed a joint resolution of Congress express-
ing support of the Jewish national home in
Palestine.
Our "Internationalist" friend thinks that
he disposes of Jewish "rights" in Palestine
simply by referring to the fact that the Jews
lived there over 2,000 years ago, while main-
taining "the Arabs were there not only be-
fore the period of Jewish control, but for
centuries after were in uninterrupted pos-
session." But what are the facts?
THE ROMAN CONQUUT
The Jews were the indubitable sovereigns
of the land for more than 1,000 years, until
the destruction of the Jewish state by the
Romans in the year 70. Palestine never has
since constituted an independent political
entity. The Romans. perished without leaving
a legal successor. he Arabs, who conquered
it in 634, remained in possession for a rela-
tively short time, when it passed successively
A3115
to the rule of the caliphs of Damascus, the
caliphs of Bagdad, the Tulinide governors of
Egypt, back to the caliphs of Bagdad, then
to the Egyptian Ikshidi princes, and finally
to the Caliphs of Cairo. After 1071 Palestine
was subjected to non-Arab conquerors, the
Kurds, the Crusaders, the Mamelukes, and
finally the Turks. In 1923, by the Peace
Treaty of Lausanne, the Turks- surrendered
their rights to the Allied Powers.
According to the principles of international
law, the Jews never have lost their rights,
Although the Romans conquered the coun-
try, international law admits the legality of
conquest subject only to certain conditions.
One of htese conditions is that the conqueror
must have been "in continuous and undis-
turbed possession" for a considerable time
but that "as long as other Powers kept up
protests and claims, the actual exercise of
sovereignty is not undisturbed," (Oppen-
heim, International Law, 5th edition, Lan-
don, 1937, Volume I, Page 456.) Since the
Jews were conquered after bitter resistance
and continuously, by word and act, have as-
serted their claim, we must conclude that
the Roman conquerors never established a
clear title to Palestine. The old Jewish claim,
moreover, has received renewed vitality
through the Balfour Declaration and the
'Palestine Mandate of the League of Nations,
the Preamble of which states: "Recognition
has thereby (the Balfour Declaration) been
given to the historical connection of the
Jewish people with Palestine and to the
grounds for reconstituting their national
home In that country."
The well supported Jewish claim could be
overcome only if the Arab claim proved to be
a stronger one. But this is not the case. The
Arab claim by -conquest is imperfect for a
number of reasons. No Arab state can pretend
to be the legal successor of those who con-
quered Palestine in 634. The Arabs ruled
Palestine for a relatively short period (437
years). During the past 877 years, i.e., from
the year 1071, there has been no Arab rule
in Palestine. Moreover, unlike the Jews, the
Palestine Arabs never struggled for their in-
dependence; they submitted to every con-
queror and thus acquiesced in their domina-
tion. Even in 1917, when the Arabs of the
desert revolted against Turkish rule, the
Palestine Arabs took no action and the
majority continued to fight for the Turks.
ARAB RIGHTS DISPUTED
It is a myth that the Arabs were in uninter-
rupted possession of Palestine for centuries.
The present-day non-Jewish inhabitants of
Palestine are not in the main the descendants
of the ancient inhabitants of the land. They
are a highly mixed group continuously re-
plenished from the tribes of the Arabian
desert; the Greeks, Romans and Crusaders
have made their contribution to the racial
make-up of the Holy Land; in modern times
the Turkish governors and Egyptian conquer-
ors introduced large contingents of foreign
soldiers and settlers. An analysis of available
statistics has brought an estimate that in
1882 no more than about 106,000 settled Mos-
lems had more than a half-century's connec-
tion with the country. Calculations have been
made showing that only some 228,000 de-
scendants of the 1882 Moslem settled popu-
lation were living in Palestine at the out-
break of World War If. It should be noted
that waves of immigration of Arabs from
neighboring countries were prompted by the
fact that a higher standard of living was
possible for them as a direct and indirect
result of Zionist development. Far from being
the settled population of Palestine, according
to a prevailing misconception, 75 per cent of
the Arab population there have been either
immigrants themselves or descendants of per-
sons who immigrated Into Palestine during
the past 100 years, for the most part after
1882.
It is flying in the face of plain common
sense to compair the Jewish claim to Pales-
tine with that of some hypothetical Indians
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 ,A 3116
Approved For Release 2004/05/25: CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -APPENDIX June 19, 1967
Who might lay claim to America. it was not
arbitrary act when the League of Nations
With the concurrence of 52 of the leading
Wttons of the world and with the formal ap-
proval of the United States recognized the
Jewish claim to establish a national home in
Palestine. It is not the single fact that the
Jews once occupied Palestine, but a whole
complex of facts, that makes the Jewish claim
acceptable to the international conscience.
The historical connection consists not only
in, the physical facts of former occupation
and in the continued presence of at least a
remnant of the Jewish community up to
modern times but also in the fact that all
Western thought, Christian as well as Jewish,
connects the Jews with Palestine,
PALESTINE NEGLECTED
The establishment of a national home for
the Jews in Palestine is not, as alleged by
anti-Zionist propaganda, "at the expense of
another people's existence." While Palestine
has a certain importance for Arab culture
and for Islam, the significance that it has
for the Arabs is relatively less thanIt has
either for Christians or for Jews. Indeed, the
Arabs have not used it too well, so that the
world today is presented with the glaring
contrast of centuries of stagnation and
neglect of the Holy Land and,a new burst of
constructive achievement towards making a
wilderness flower again. _
Ways must be found for a satisfactory
adjustment with the Arab world, which has
a civilization of its own which in the past
has shown itself to be of a very high order.
It is decidedly a responsibility of Israel to
learn to live in peace with the Arbs and to
help them to develop their own potentialties
and be helped by them. At present, blind
forces of violence andaggression amidst the
Arabs are the prime hindrance. I am sure
that among the Arabs there are more mod-
erate and more civilized elements who today
fear to show themselves.
After this necessary adjustment has been
made, the final justification of Israel as a
nation among nations may well be that it
will give an example of that flexible and yet
planned society, that balance of liberty and
order, which at present we associate with
Moses and the prophets and with the peo-
ple of Israel 3,000 years ago, rather than with
their modern successors.
SIDNEY KORETZ.
To the EDITOR or THE STAR:
In a letter to The Star of June 12 C.L.A.
complains that "the American public is be-
ing stuffed with" propaganda" favorable to
Zionism and consequently prevented "from
making a realistic appraisal of a situation
to which this country's welfare is closely
tied." If this is the case, we certainly should
welcome more information from the Arabs'
side as a possible corrective. Instead, we get
from them slander not only of the Zionists
but of the American press and of the Amer-
ican penchant for having policies influenced
by election returns. The particularAmerican
policy attacked, namely, that favorable to
Zionism, is made to appear as if it were just
developed yesterday. Completely ignored is
the fact that this policy is almost old enough
to be called traditional, Furthermore, it rep-
resents a concurrence with decisions made
by both the League of Nations and the United
Nations.
But let us hear what the Arabs have to say
for themselves. By all means, give us in-
formation concerning the workings of Arab
democracy, If that, indeed, is what we must
rely upon. We should welcome some convinc-
ing statements by Arab spokesmen to
counteract the widespread reports that not
only is there no democracy worth speaking
of in any Arab state, but that the prevailing
situation is one of grinding poverty for the
Illiterate masses of the people, with a small
moneyed class on top desperately resisting
any influence likely to disturb their control,
We are told that "certainly the establish-
ment of an independent Jewish state can-
not be regarded as setting up an outpost of
American democracy."- It is well known that
not all Jews-are of one mind. There are Jews
who are opposed to Zionism, and among the
Zionists there is a wide variety of opinion
which does receive public airing. It is easy
for the malicious to stress extremist views
and deeds in an attempt to discredit and
defame. But the more fair-minded see in
this an example of democracy in action.
Will some spokesman for the Arabs give
us an account of the Arab showing in the
battle for democracy?
The Anglo-American Committee of In-
quiry found cases of Arabs who secretly ex-
pressed views friendly to Zionism. Yet we
know of no case in the Arab world where
such views were publicly expressed. Will
some one please explain this In such a way
as to counteract the compelling impression
that totalitarian terror rules among the
Arabs?
Those who wish us to reappraise our stand
on Palestine have the obligation of presenting
us, not with propaganda, but with a true
picture of Arab life and Arab performance.
It Is there where the most darkness lies and
where the light of knowledge is indeed "de-
voutly to be wished for."
SIDNEY KORETZ.
LAWS RELATIVE TO THE PRINTING OF
DOCUMENTS
Either House may order the printing of a
document not already provided for by law,
but only when the same shall be accompa-
nied by an estimate from the Public Printer
as to the probable cost thereof. Any execu-
tive department, bureau, board or independ-
ent office of the Government submitting re-
ports or documents In response to inquiries
from Congress shall submit therewith an
estimate of the probable cost of printing the
usual number Nothing in this section re-
lating to estimates shall apply to reports or
documents not exceeding 50 pages (U.S.
Code, title 44, sec. 140, p. 1938).
Resolutions for printing extra copies, when
presented to either House, shall be referred
Immediately to the Committee on House
Administration of the House of Representa-
tives or the Committee on Rules and Admin-
istration of the Senate, who, in making their
report, shall give the probable cost of the
proposed printing upon the estimate of the
Public Printer, and no extra copies shall be
printed before such committee has reported
(U.S. Code, title 44, sec. 133, p. 1937).
GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS FOR SALE
Additional copies of Government publica-
tions are offered for sale to the public by the
Superintendent of Documents, Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402, at
cost thereof as determined by the Public
Printer plus 50 percent: Provided, That a dis-
count of not to exceed 25 percent may be al-
lowed to authorized bookdealers and quantity
purchasers, but such printing shall not inter-
fere with the prompt execution of work for
the Government. The Superintendent of
Documents shall prescribe the terms and
conditions under which he may authorize
the resale of Government publications by
bookdealers, and he may-designate any Gov-
ernment officer his agent for the sale of Gov-
ernment publications under such regulations
as shall be agreed upon by the Superintend-
ent of Documents and the head of the re-
spective department or establishment of the
Government (U.S. Code, title 44, sec. 72a,
Supp. 2).
RECORD OFFICE AT THE CAPITOL
An office for the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD,
with Mr. Raymond F. Noyes in charge, is lo-
cated in room H-112, House wing, where or-
ders will be received for subscriptions to the
RECORD at $1.50 per month or for single
copies at 1 cent for eight pages (minimum
charge of 3 cents). Also, orders from Mem-
bers of Congress to purchase reprints from
the RECORD should be processed throughthis
office.
CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY
The Public Printer, under the direction of
the Joint Committee on Printing, may print
for sale, at a price sufficient to reimburse the
expenses of such printing, the current Con-
gressional Directory. No sale shall be made
on credit (U.S. Code, title 44, sec. 150, p.
1939).
PRINTING OF CONGRESSIONAL RECORD
EXTRACTS
It shall be lawful for the Public Printer
to print and deliver upon the order of any
Senator, Representative, or Delegate, extracts
from the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, the person
ordering the same paying the cost thereof
(U.S. Code, title 44, sec. 185, p. 1942).
CHANGE OF RESIDENCE
Senators, Representatives, and Delegates
who have changed their residences will please
give Information thereof to the Government
Printing Office, that their addresses may be
correctly given in the RECORD.
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
Con rra '* al'Record
19 44,vslon
h
of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 90t CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION
._ Vol. 113
WASHINGTON, MONDAY, JUNE 19, 1967
Mouse of Representatives
The House met at 12 o'clock noon.
The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch,
D.D., offered the following prayer:
Bear ye one another's burdens and so
fulfill the law of Christ.-Galations
6: 2.
Eternal God, our Father, before the
work of a new day begins we would be
still in Thy presence and receive the
benediction of Thy spirit. May the words
of our mouths and the meditation of our
hearts be acceptable in Thy sight 0
Lord-our strength and our Redeemer.
Cleansed by Thy forgiving love, made
stronger by Thy spirit, and becoming
wise with Thy wisdom we would face
the unfinished tasks committed to our
care this day.
These are times which call for greater
courage, higher wisdom, broader sym-
pathy, and deeper faith. May they in-
creasingly become ours as we wait upon
Thee. In all our decisions and in all our
doing may we keep our hearts confi-
dent, our spirits courageous, our minds
clear, and our hands clean.
Together may we move forward to a
greater day when men shall live together
in good will and each one be ready to
bear another's burden. Amen.
THE JOURNAL
The Journal of the proceedings of
Friday, June 16, 1967, was read and
approved.
MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE
The message also announced that the
Senate agrees to the amendment of the
House to a bill of the Senate of the fol-
lowing title :
S. 1649. An act authorizing the change in
name of certain water resource projects un-
der jurisdiction of the Department of the
Army.
The message also announced that
the Senate agrees to the amendment of
the House to the amendment of tl}e
Senate numbered 2, to the bill H.R. 5424
eptitled "An act to authorize appropria-
tions for procurement of vessels and air-
craft and construction of shore and off-
shore establishments for the Coast
Guard."
CORRECTION OF THE RECORD
Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, at page
H7065 of the RECORD of June 13, in the
center of the center column, I am quoted
as saying:
We made a reduction of 1,150 employees
from the budget estimates.
There is a typographical error in the
figure.
I ask unanimous consent that, the
permanent RECORD be corrected to show
that I said:
We made a reduction of 18,150 employees
from the budget estimates.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
Texas?
There was no objection.
REM PRESIDENT JOHNSON
TODA ON THE MIDDLE EAST
CRISIS
(Mr. BINGHAM asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute, to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, I believe
that all of us here in this House should
applaud the President's statement this
,morning on the Middle East. While
many of us, if speaking for ourselves,
would have expressed the same points
more bluntly, we must recognize the
nature of the task which a. President
confronts in making such a speech. Presi-
dent Johnson's tone was restrained, and
his words were carefully chosen in the
highest tradition of diplomacy and
statesmanship. Premier Kosygin's
speech, by contrast, was straight propa-
ganda and invective, with no balance
whatsoever. At the same time, President
Johnson made unmistakably clear a
series of basic and important points. I
hope that his words will be weighed most
carefully, as they deserve to be, by the
delegates assembled at the special session
of the United Nations General Assembly.
In particular, I hope the General As-
sembly will perceive the logic of the
President's statement that the best way
to achieve a permanent settlement is
through direct negotiations among the
No. 96
parties immediately involved. In article
33 of the United Nations Charter, "ne-
gotiation" is the very first method men-
tioned by which the parties to a dispute
endangering international peace and se-
curity are obligated to-seek a solution.
In earlier resolutions dealing with the
Arab-Israel dispute, both the Security
Council and the General Assembly urged
the governments concerned through ne-
gotiations to reach a settlement of their
differences. I have in mind, for example,
resolutions of the Security Council on
November 17, 1948, and August 11, 1949,
and of the General Assembly on January
26, 1952.
The underlying problem lies in the
stubborn refusal of the Arab States to
accept Israel's existence and right to
exist, a refusal which carries with it the
implication of the Arabs' oft-stated de-
termination to destroy Israel by force.
For the U.N. to fail to insist on direct
negotiations would be tacitly to accept
the validity of the Arabs' position, even
though that position is contrary to the
U.N. Charter itself and more specifically
to many prior decisions of the General
Assembly itself.
BRITISf-M% RALITY
(Mr. GROSS asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute, and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, for a dem-
onstration of unadulterated gall it would
be hard to equal the party that was
given at the British Embassy in Wash-
ington on Saturday afternoon, June 17,
for wounded American veterans of the
war in Vietnam.
Scores of ships, flying the British flag,
have delivered thousands of tons of sup-
plies to the Communists of North Viet-
nam to help keep them in the business
of killing and wounding Americans. With
one hand in Southeast Asia the British
rake in blood-money profits and with the
other, in Washington, they dish out tea
and crumpets to some of the victims of
their betrayal.
Mr. Speaker, is there no morality left
in this world?
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 H 7398 Approved For I$Q*s1M .i/ 3 WQk&6-9AhftWh000200300002JXJW 19, 1967
(Mr. DICKINSON asked and was
given permission to address the House
for 1 minute and to revise and extend his
remarks and include extraneous matter.)
[Mr. DICKINS N addressed the
House. His remark will appear here-
after in the Appendix.]
(Mr. POFF asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute and to revise and extend his remarks
and include extraneous matter.)
Mr. POFF. I'Ir. Speaker, some say that
crime is not really higher but only seems
so because crime reporting is better. Per-
haps crime reporting is better today .
than it was a generation ago. But surely
crime reporting is not measurably better
today than it was a year ago. Accord-
ingly, a comparison of crime statistics
within that time frame is a reasonably
reliable indicator of the growth in crime.
The latest FBI Uniform Crime Re-
ports compare crime in the first 3
months of 1966 with that, in the first 3
months in 1967. That coparison shows
an increase of 20 percent in the seven
major crimes. These seven include four
crimes of violence against the person
and three property crimes. Personal
crimes increased more than property
crime. The largest increase, 42 percent,
was in the crime of robbery as reported
in cities with populations ranging be-
tween250,000 and 500,000.
With respect to all seven crimes, cities
with a population of 100,040 or more reg-
istered a total increase of 20 percent.
However, it is a mistake to assume that
crime growth is only a ' city problem.
Rural areas reported an increase of only
four percentage points less, and the
crime growth rate of 22 percent in sub-
urban communities was even higher
,
than that in cities. < exposed to a disease and having a "touch
m
e
Neither is there any re
arkabl
differ-
ence in the reports by geographical re-
gion. The northeast, 'north-central,
southern, and western r gions ranged
between 18 and 21. percent. But the Dis-
trict of Columbia sustained its inglorious
record. Crime in the Nation's Capital
jumped nearly 42 percent or more than
twice the national rate. In the first 3
months of this year 8,957 major crimes
were committed here, That amounts to
more than 99 crimes per flay, four each
hour, one every 15 minutes.
Mr. Speaker, these figures and the
facts they dramatize are disgraceful. The
good name of America is at stake. So-
ciety needs new laws, better laws,
stronger laws, laws which make crime
unattractive and unprofitable. Congress
must act.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the present consideration of the bill?
Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, reserving the
right to object, am I to understand that
the opposition of the Department of
Commerce, as printed in the committee
report, which would thereby make con-
sideration of this measure not within
the rules of the House adopted at the
beginning of this year, for the Consent
Calendar, has been obviated by an
amendment of the committee?
Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. HALL. I am glad to yield to my
colleague, chairman of the official ob-
jectors on this side.
Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, in response
to the gentleman, the Commerce De-
partment expressed their opposition that
any master covered by this bill should
be one who had an interest directly or
indirectly in a vessel. To meet this ob-
jection, the committee included an
amendment in the bill to provide that
except a person who has a financial in-
terest valued at 5 percent or more of
the corporation, they - would not be
classified as a master of a vessel. In
other words, we would not hold it
against any master of a vessel if he had
a very minor interest as an incentive to
operate a vessel. Otherwise he would be
an owner.
Mr. HALL. I appreciate, Mr. Speaker,
the opinion of my distinguished col-
league, who is also a ranking minority
member on the Committee on Merchant
Marine and Fisheries. I understand this
does establish a system of priorities, so
to speak, for liens involving, first the
seamen's wages, and then tort liens, and
then contracts, including preferred
mortgages, and then we come down to
this area; and if I understand the re-
sponse of the gentleman from Washing-
ton
this is not like something which is
of the infection" may blossom into a
full-blown case, if it is under 5 percent
it therefore does come within the re-
quirements and the Houses adopted
rules.
But can the gentleman tell me that
if in this circumstance and with the
committee amendment, the Department
of Commerce has in fact withdrawn its
objection?
Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, if the gen-
tleman will yield further, I do not think
the Commerce Department sent over
any additional views based upon the
amendment which the committee
adopted in order to satisfy the objec-
tions of the Department. However, I am
sure while the amendment does not meet
the objection 100 percent, it goes 95 per-
cent in that direction.
CONSENT CALENDAR Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, I appreciate
the further response. I do understand
The SPEAKER. This is Consent Cal- that it is common practice for the mas-
endar day. The Clerk will call the first ters of some of the fishing vessels, or our
bill on the Consent Calendar. own trawlers, or other coastal freighters,
or other types sailing out of ports such
MASTERS' LIENS as that in the gentleman's district or
that of the distinguished chairman of the
The Clerk called the bill (H.R. 162) committee; to own a partial interest in
to grant the masters of certain U.S. ves- a vessel and receive a percentage, in ad-
sels a lien on those vessels for their dition to their salary as supported in this
wages and for certain disbursements. lien for the particular cargo transported,
in addition to their percentage of the
stock held in the vessel. Is that correct?
Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, if the gen-
tleman will yield further, I would say
traditionally masters of vessels have en-
joyed a certain percentage of profits of
a voyage, going back through the long
years of operating ships on the sea. '
I believe now that is probably less and
less common, but as an incentive we
think probably it would be a very whole-
some thing to :have masters have an in-
terest in the profits of a voyage or in
the profits of it fishing venture of some
kind. Therefore, we wanted to encourage
that, so we did allow that under-5-
percent interest, to allow a master to
have a lien for his wages along with
the other members of the crew.
Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, being a great
believer in incentive, and after this ex-
planation, and having absolutely no de-
sire to damage partial ownership or par-
ticipation incentive, I will withdraw my
reservation of objection, unless the dis-
tinguished chairman wishes me to yield
to him..
Mr. GARMATZ. Mr. Speaker, I thank
the gentleman. for yielding. The bill
would merely give to the master of the
ship the same rights of the seaman to
put a lien against the ship.
Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the
chairman and withdraw my reservation
of objection.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the present consideration of the bill?
There being no objection, the Clerk
read the bill, as follows:
H.R. 162
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That (a) the
master of a vessel documented, registered,
enrolled, or licensed under the laws of the
United States shall have the same lien for
his wages against such vessel and the same
priority as any other seaman serving on such
vessel.
(b) Sections 4546 and 4547 of the Revised
Statutes of the United States (46 U.S.C. 603
and 604) shall not apply in any proceeding
brought by a master for the enforcement of
the lien granted by this section.
(c) Section 4535 of the Revised Statutes of
the United Stales (46 U.S.C. 600) is amended
by striking out "seaman" each place it ap-
pears and inserting in lieu thereof at each
such place "master or seaman".
(d) Section 12 of the Act of March 4, 1915,
as amended (38 Stat. 1164; 46 U.S.C. 601), is .
amended (1) by striking out "seaman or
apprentice" each place it appears and insert-
ing in lieu thereof at each such place
"master, seaman, or apprentice", and (2) by
striking out in the first proviso thereof "any
seaman" and inserting in lieu thereof "any
master or seaman".
(e) A master shall have the same lien and
the same priority for disbursements or li-
abilities properly made or incurred by him
for or on account of the vessel as he has,
under the provisions of this section, for his
wages.
With the following committee amend-
ment:
On page 2, following line 15, insert the
following new section:
"SEC. 2. For the purposes of this Act, sec-
tion 4535 of the Revised Statutes of the
United States and section 12 of the Act of
March 4, 1915, as amended (38 Stat. 1164;
46 U.S.C, 601), the term 'master' shall in-
clude every person having command of any
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 Approved For Release 2004/05/25: CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
June 19, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
private cemetery at 2219 Lincoln rd. ne. He
;died a bitter and frustrated man, still trying
to clear his name anc'i deceive an honorable
discharge from the ' Army he seems to have
served bravely and brilliantly.
The Army` Board's decision will make it
possible for his grandnephew and the Legion
to remove his remains for reburial in the
Custer Battlefield Cemetery in Montana, near
monuments to the officers and men who
served with 'him in the disastrous and im-
petuous attack led by Custer on June 25,
1876.
There's a certain irony seen in the fact
.that barrooms hastened Reno's downfall and
then brought his somewhat belated rehabili-
tation. Ret. Army Col. George Walton, who
-formerly served in the Washington area, had
long wanted to clear Reno's name but could
And no descendant to file the petition.
He dropped into the Skyline Restaurant on
Tenth Avenue, Manhattan, one day last fall
and met Charles Reno, 52, serving drinks be-
hind the bar. When Reno learned he could
Ale such a request with the Army, he and
Walton enlisted the aid of the American
Legion. The petition was filed last October.
Corcoran, the Legion official, told reporters
he didn't know whether any benefits would
accrue to Reno as a result of the Board's
decision.
A FULL-SCALE INVESTIGATION IS
NEEDED IN AIR SAFETY TECH-
NIQUES AND PRACTICES
(Mr. BROWN of Ohio asked and was
given permission to address the House
for 1 minute and to revise and extend
his remarks and include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, the
Members 'of this body have heard much
in recent weeks of the need to reduce
Federal expenditures. I have become
aware of yet another sphere where tax
dollars are being spent needelessly, in
this case because conditions exist that
allow claims against our Government in
the million of dollars.
Because I have had the feeling for
quite some time that problems and de-
velopments in the field of air safety war-
rant the attention of Congress, I have en-
deavored 'to explore all possible areas of
potential consideration by the House and
its committees.
Members may remember that after
the terrible airplane crashes at Urbana,
Ohio, and at New Orleans, the Interstate
and Foreign Commerce Committee con-
ducted two mornings of hearings during
which the, general scope of air safety was
discussed by various representatives of
Federal and private organizations. The
Federal Aviation Agency, the Air Trans-
ments or judgments, nearly $16 million to
claimants.
What is more serious, not only under
present economic circumstances but
under any circumstances, is that over
$203 million in claims are still pending.
I have in the past called for compre-
hensive, searching hearings into the
many aspects of air safety. In view of the
potential cost in dollars and cents as
well as the mounting cost in terms of
human life of air accidents, I wish once
more to call to the attention of the Con-
gress the pressing need for a full-scale
investigation of the entire field of air
safety techniques and practices.
I include at this point a copy of the
letter, containing the figures I have
quoted, in the RECORD:
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE,
Washington, D.C., May 20, 1967.
Hon. CLARENCE J. BROWN, Jr.,
House of Representatives,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. BROWN: Reference is made to
your letter of April 18, 1967, addressed to
General William F. McKee, Administrator of
the Federal Aviation Administration, con-
cerning negligence claims against the Gov-
As General McKee advised you, your letter
was forwarded in this Department for re-
ply-
You have requested information as to the
total dollar amount of claims that have been
paid by the Government. This, of course,
encompasses all Federal Tort Claims Act
suits asserted against the United States
arising out of aviation accidents. Some of
these cases have been litigated to judgment
whereas many have been settled out of court
by means of compromise with the claimants.
Our statistical records, which begin with
Fiscal Year 1959, indicate that from July
1, 1959, through April 30, 1967, there was a
total exposure or potential liability in such
aviation cases of $372,331,621.98 and that the
Government actually paid through com-
promise settlement or judgment a total of
$15,694,066.69. A breakdown for each fiscal
year is attached for your convenience.
You have also requested information as
to the total dollar amount of claims pend-
ing against the Government. As of April 30,
1967, there were 433 Federal Tort Claims Act
suits pending against the Government aris-
ing out of aviation accidents. The total dol-
lar figure of the amount claimed in these
suits is $203,004,731.00.
Sincerely,
BAREFOOT SANDERS,
Assistant Attorney General.
with interest a June 9, 1967, editorial in
the Washington Post entitled "Too Few
Houses." This editorial expressed regret
that the House had seen fit to kill the
rent supplement program, but then it
went on to urge the administration "to
turn the other cheek," seek Republican
support, and pass the Percy bill to help
families buy homes.
In a letter to the editor dated Sunday,
June 18, 1967, Secretary Weaver com-
mented on the Post's charge that the
administration was "not a willing part-
ner in low-cost subsidized housing" by
citing the work done under section
221(d)(3),a program of providing hous-
ing by subsidized interest rates.
Like Secretary Weaver and the Wash-
ington Post, I regretted that the House
recently defeated the rent supplement
appropriation. Those who served in the
89th Congress will recall that although
I first opposed the rent supplement pro-
gram on the ground that its regulations
permitted its funds to go to persons
earning as much as $8,100 and with as-
sets up to $25,000, I changed my position
and have supported the program since
program directed toward low-income
groups.
The present 221(d) (3) program, how-
ever, is a poor illustration of how the ad-
ministration, serves as a "willing partner
in low-cost subsidized housing." The in-
come limits under the 221(d) (3) pro-
gram are just as bad, and perhaps worse,
as the original rent supplement program
in that they permit families in city after
city'across America to live in subsidized
housing, although such families' income
frequently exceed $8,000, and even
$10,000, for that matter.
Mr. Speaker, the National Home
Ownership Foundation Act, introduced
by Senator PERCY is not a cureall for our
housing problems. Senator PERCY admits
it does not "reach down to the bottom
of the barrel" and, therefore, is no substi-
tute for the rent supplement program.
However, it is a means of giving incentive
to families in low-income groups to own
their own homes, and it will, as the Wash-
ington Post suggests, "channel construc-
tion funds and purchase subsidies into
the slums." It is far superior, in my judg-
ment, to the present program under
section 221(d) (3) cited by Secretary
Weaver. More important, the Percy bill
has widespread support in Congress. The
administration would do well to follow
the Post's advice and "turn the other
Claims arising out of aviation accidents and
asserted against the Government pursuant
to the Federal Tort Claims Act
sociation, and the Aircraft Owners &
Pilots Association were among those who
testified.
Following that, the Administrator of
the FAA, Gen-,''William 1. McKee, called
.for an additional 600 employees to staff
air traffic ,Control stations. These are the
men who man the "eye in the sky" air-
craft trac mg facilities for our Nation's
airways. This is certainly a step in the di-
reetion of ncreased safety.
But it is-just one step.
I recently requested information re-
garding the cost to the Federal Govern-
ment of, claims arising out of aviation
accidents. , I was amazed to, learn that,
since 1959, the U.S. Government has
paid, either through compromise settle-
Fiscal year 1959__._.._____
Fiscal year 1960___________
Fiscal year 1961___________
Fiscal year 1962________.
Fiscal year 1963____._.....
Fiscal year 1964___________
Fiscal year 1965_
Fiscal year 1966___________
July 1 1966, through Apr.
30,[967----------------
Total___________ __
$23,153, 960.03
15, 301, 838.42
7, 754, 449. 53
66, 135, 226. 00
66, 535,196. 00
44, 049,923. 00
47,612,801.00
70, 571, 396.00
31,216,832.00
$185, 960.57
911, 879.65
715, 582.47
471,170. 00
2, 015, 789.00
4,234,147.00
2808, 487. 00
808, 759.00
3, 542, 292. 00
TOO FEW HOUSES
(Mr. HARVEY asked and was given
permission to extend his remarks at this
point in the RECORD and to include ex-
traneous matter.)
Mr. HARVEY. Mr. Speaker, I read
new housing ideas such as this one.
I include below the Post editorial and
Secretary Weaver's letter to the editor
for the benefit of my colleagues:
[From the Washington Post, June 12, 19671
Too FEw HOUSES
While the country's population has been
growing, its housing production has been de-
clining. The number of new houses reached
1.6 million in 196$ and even at that rate, as
President Johnson said, the improvement in
the housing market failed to reach a great
many among the poor, the elderly and the
minorities. "By 1970," the President observed
three years ago, "we shall have to build at
least two million new homes a year to keep
up with the growth of our population."
But instead of rising, housing production
has fallen each succeeding 'year until, in
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 H 7436
Approved Fo se 2004/05/25: CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
aRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE June 19, 1967
1966, it sank to 1.2 million, With this general
tightening of the real estate market, and the
general failure of the housing industry to
keep up with demand, the Administration's
attempts to rehabilitate the city slums be-
come increasingly difficult. The Federal Gov-
ernment's traditional program for providing
homes to the poor is public housing, but most
American cities now believe that they can-
not absorb many more large public housing
projects.
Congress -has only compounded the con-
fusion. Last month the Republicans in the
House voted in very large numbers to defeat
the appropriation for rent supplements. It is
sad when one thinks of the people who need
the supplements; but it is comic when one
thinks that most of the Republicans were
simultaneously supporting Senator Percy's
home ownership bill. Rent supplements mean
Federal funds to help families pay rent. The
Percy plan means Federal funds to help
families buy homes. Both require Federal
subsidies, and both encourage private con-
struction. The Republicans insist on damning
one as the prelude to socialism and praising
the other as an historic vindication of the
free enterprise system.
If the Administration is wise, it will turn
the other cheek, leave this doctrinaire rhet-
oric undisturbed, and help Senator Percy
pass his bill. Its defects are not small; most
serious of all, it follows the Administration's
own error of relying on nonprofit corpora-
tions. And the Percy plan can never reach
But the Percy bill has notable advantages
of its own. It would set up a new, specialized
Federal mortgage bank Sjudiclously termed a
"home ownership foundation"), to channel
construction funds and purchase subsidies
Into the slums. 'Me Federal Housing Admin-
istration has not proved a willing partner in
low-cost subsidized housing, and the Percy
bill offers an alternative method,of financing.
It cannot take the place of rent supplements
in the structure of Federal aid to housing.
But it can bring building money into neigh-
borhoods that commercial banks and the
FAA are equally reluctant to enter.
Perhaps the most Important fact for Con-
gress to keep in mind is the narrow scale of
these endeavors. Both the Percy plan and
rent supplements can be very useful, but
both are highly specialized. Neither can be-
gin to counterbalance the unwholesome so-
cial effects of the low rates of lousing con-
struction In recent years throughout the
Nation.
[From the Washington Post, June 18, 19671
ACTIVE PARTNER
I read with interest your Jur}e 9 editorial
entitled, "Too Few Houses." Its analysis of
the parallels between the rent supplement
program and the Percy plan was both ac-
curate and timely. I also was gratified that
you recognize that the Percy plan has lim-
itations and defects.
I must, however, take exception to the
statement that the Federal Housing Admin-
istration is not "a willing partner in low-cost
subsidized housing" and is reluctant to func-
tion in blighted and slum areas: Historically
there is a valid basis for such assertions.
But today, as a part of the Department of
Housing and Urban Development, the FHA
is an active partner in subsidized housing
and is helping to bring money into blighted
slum neighborhoods.
In 1961 Section 221(d) (3) was added to the
National Housing Act. This new, section pro-
vided FHA mortgage insurance for a new
moderate-income housing program, and au-
thorized special assistance funds from the
Federal National Mortgage Association for its
financing. This is a subsidized housing pro-
gram, providing both new and rehabilitated
All of the funds available for this program
will be allocated by the close of this fiscal
year. As of April 30, 1967, allocations for
143,000 units had been made. Commitments
were issued for 72,400 of these units, and in
excess of 40,000 units were occupied.
The rent supplement program, funded ini-
tially only a year ago, has moved more rapidly,
thanks in large part to our experience with
the 221(d) (3) program. By mid-May of this
year, the FHA had allocated all of the avail-
able appropriation for rent supplements,
aside from a contingency fund that must be
preserved. These allocations will provide some
35,000 units of housing for low-income-fam-
ilies.
These two programs are the most active of
all FHA multifamily housing programs and
make up most of its multifamily activity.
Thus today FHA is not only willingly but
successfully playing a prominent role in sup-
plying low- and moderate-income housing.
ROBERT C. WEAVER,
Secretary of Housing and Urban Devel-
opment.
WASZI#.GTON.
AID IN OUR NATIONAL
POSTURE
(Mr. HICKS asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. HICKS. Mr. Speaker, in this morn-
ing's mail, I received a letter from a
constituent who seems to sum up quite
clearly the attitude of many thoughtful
people of the Sixth Congressional Dis-
trict of Washington State regarding the
Middle East situation as it exists today.
You will note, Mr. Speaker, that the
writer, Mr. Frank D. Weeks, Jr., dis-
plays a rare understanding of the place
of foreign aid in our national posture.
He realizes that it plays an important
part in our foreign policy, useful as a
stabilizing influence in the world.
It is not a complete answer, surely, as
both Mr. Weeks and we in this body are
well aware; but remains part of the an-
swer, a workable and flexible tool of our
foreign policy-infinitely more humani-
tarian and economically cheaper than
bombs. I only wish that more Americans
had as firm and intelligent a grasp of the
uses of foreign aid as Mr. Weeks, and
hope that as time goes on this may be
the case.
I commend Mr. Weeks' letter to the
attention of my colleagues, as follows:
TACOMA, WASH.,
June 14, 1967.
Hon. FLOYD V. HICKS,
House of Representatives,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. HICKS: I am deeply concerned
with impending events in the Near East and
U.S. policy in that area.
It appears that Soviet Russia will attempt
to salvage whatever prestige she might, by
obtaining a censure from the United Nations
against Israel and a return to the status quo
through collective UN action. Such a course
could result In legions of "Volunteers" pour-
ing into Palestine under communist military
leadership which would require our forceful
opposition or complete withdrawal from the
area. Russia must not be permitted to
achieve the objectives so violently and con-
clusively denied the United Arab Republic
in the recent war. The Israelis and the
Arabs must work out the solution among
themselves, which can be done despite seem-
ingly implacable hatred on the part of the
Arabs. (A review of history indicates that
the two people lived side by side in peace
for almost a thousand years.)
As far as the United Arab Republic Is
concerned, I feel as most Americans do. Re-
acting to falsehood and insults slammed
against us, my first emotion is defensive
hostility. In analysis, however, I can see
that it is not to our best Interest to retaliate
in- anger against the UAR but it is also not
to our best interest to give them aid and
comfort at this time. Denial of aid will force
the burden of support on the Russians or
Chinese, or both--at a time when neither
can adequately do the job. Should they at-
tempt to raise economic conditions above
starvation level in the Arab countries, it
would require far greater expenditures of
risk capital than they can afford-or would
be willing to gamble, if they could afford it.
By our refusal to participate-we have suf-
ficient justification in the eyes of the world
to refuse-we would certainly support con-
ditions which would strengthen Israel's posi-
tion and force a change in leadership and
national philosophy in the Arab nations.
As I see it, should we supply massive aid
of the Arabs before! September, we may stay
a revolution which will certainly occur as
starvation conditions approach. It is to our
best interest to cooperate with Great Britain
in achieving a new Government among the
Arabs which will agree to co-existence with
the Israelis and accept the fact that a better
life for their people will begin with educa-
tion and hard work, not with the false dream
that conquest of Palestine will fulfill Mo-
hammed's promise.
I am aware that foreign policy is the do-
main of the President, but Congress can
be very influential-especially in deciding
who gets foreign aid and in what amounts.
We must not be trapped into supporting
conditions which will permit a shooting war
to erupt at any time-as has been the case
during the past twenty years.
Sincerely yours,
FRANK D. WEEKS, Jr.
FOREIGN IMPORTS STILL PLAGUE
TEXTILE INDUSTRY
(Mr. KORNEGAY asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute, and to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. KORNEGAY. Mr. Speaker, the
mainstay of the economy of North Caro-
lina-the textile industry-continues to
be sorely plagued and damaged by a
flood of imported products from low-
wage countries.
A recent survey of 310 North Carolina
textile plants which employ over half of
the State's total of 250,000 textile
workers revealed that only 15 plants-
employing 7,200--are now working full
time, with the remainder continuing on
a curtailed workweek running as low as
2 days per week.
This is a serious situation, one that
grows worse almost daily. Not only does
this condition have an impact that bodes
ill for the industry and its workers, but
also adversely affects the many indus-
tries and businesses which depend upon
a flourishing textile industry.
When labor turnover exceeds 50 per-
cent and prices drop 15 percent as they
have in the textile industry, its future is
dim indeed.
I wanted to bring this situation to the
attention of the Congress for the ec-
onomic outlook in my home State of
North Carolina is dark unless some ac-
tion is taken in the immediate future to
alleviate the conditions now existing. I
might point out that one in every two
manufacturing employees in North Car-
olina is employed in a textile plant and
many of the workers depend to a large
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
June 19, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -MOUSE
degree upon the circumstances of the
textile Industry.
Mr. Speaker, recently I received a let-
ter from a -friend and one of North Caro-
lina's leading bankers. Mr. Addison H.
Reese, of Charlotte, chairman of the
board of North Carolina National Bank,
is well known and respected throughout
the Nation's banking industry. His re-
cent letter to me is an excellent sum-
mary of the problems and the progress
of the American textile industry.
Mr. Reese has cogently pointed to some
of the continuing problems facing the
textile industry, problems which are be-
yond the control of this vital segment
of our economy.
So that all may benefit from Mr.
Reese's presentation of the current
problems, I Include his letter in the
RECORD at this point:
NORTH CAROLINA NATIONAL BANK,
Charlotte, N.C., June 9, 1967.
HOn. HORACE R. KORNEGAY,
U.S. House of Representatives,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. I[ORNEGAY: Speaking as a banker
and a citizen, I am gravely concerned at
the apathy that allows an Increasing flood of
Imports to endanger our vital textile In-
dustry.
The general public does not realize that
other Industries are involved. Anything that
hurts the textile industry hurts trucking,
chemicals, paper, oil, metalworking, and corn
growers in the Midwest, to name a few other
Interests.
For years textile spokesmen have called
attention to cheap foreign imports, and
justly so. Even in strong textile areas such
as the Carolinas, people have grown deaf
to their complaints.
Some people in government seem to have
the erroneous idea that the textile industry
is antiquated. They think that to the extent
textile mills can't compete with cheap for-
eign Imports they should be abandoned, their
people trained for other jobs, and their
plants converted to more productive use.
This is certainly not sound thinking.
Textile technology has forged ahead rapid-
ly in the past few years. The industry has
spent $5.5 billion on new plants, equipment
and modernization since 1960. For example,
H. W, Close, preseident of Springs Mills, Inc.,
reports that his company's newest plant will
cost $63,000 per employee. This compares to
about $30,000 per employee for plants built
since 1963, and $10,000 for older plants.
Other Industries depend an textiles for
significant portions of their business. Just
three of the nation's better-known textile
companies, all operating in the Carolinas,
spent approximately $242.7 million for sup-
plies, repair parts, power, fuel and water
in 1966. One firm alone-and it is not the
largest-stocks 90,000 different items in in-
ventory arid deals with 7,000 suppliers. Amer-
Ira's textile machinery manufacturers lead
the world. In 1967 their output is expected
to be about $796 million, 80% of it in do-
mestic sales.
The trucking industry transports 87.8%
of the textiles moved in this country (1963
figures), `and derives over $100 million in
revenue from the industry.
Textiles are a substantial customer of the
$17-billion paper industry, buying paper,
cartons and countless packaging materials.
Petroleum and chemical industries are deep-
ly involved, the ratter at about $2.5 billion
a year. DuPont gets about a third of its
annual volume from sale of man-made
flbcrs.3'extiles are-the nation's second largest
in,d.istrfal user of cornstarch, buying 315 mil-
lion potliids anhittaily.
Iilvesfors have a huge stake in textiles. in
North Carolina` alone, textile plants (ex-
cluding hosiery' and garments) are capital-
lzed at $1.18 billion. Textile properties in
this state have an assessed valuation of $983
million, and pay more than $36 million in
state taxes. More than 250,000 Tar Heels
work in textiles, earning over $1 billion of
the state's total manufacturing payroll of
$2.5 billion a year. Nationally, some 950,000
people earn $4.6 billion in textile wages.
The suggestion has been made that we
increase textile imports from developing na-
tions, and compensate American textiles for
their loss. It would be easy to go into de-
veloping nations, install subsidized textile
machinery, and train their abundance of
cheap labor to produce cloth for export to
this country. This would make the American
textile industry a sacrificial goat. It may help
build up other countries, but it would be a
heavy blow to the American economy.
Futhermore, the theorists who made that
suggestion haven't said what would happen
if these countries were to renounce their
economic ties with the United States. If we
had become dependent in years past on Viet
Nam, Cuba or China for our textiles, we'd be
spending millions to expand the industry in
America right now.
Thank you for your past efforts on behalf
of our textile industry. I hope you can con-
vince your colleagues from other states that
they, too, have a stake in textiles.
Cordially yours,
ADDISON H. REESE,
Chairman of the Board.
LT. GEN. LEW WALT, U.S. MARINE
CORPS
Mr. WHITENER. Mr. Speaker, Time
magazine, on June 9, 1967, contained a
very fine comment on Lt. Gen. Lew Walt,
U.S. Marine Corps. This article gave
some evaluation of the splendid record
of service which General Walt has estab-
lished as he has led our Marine Corps
men in Vietnam.
I have had the privilege of witnessing
the performance of General Walt on two
visits to his area of operations. This has
given me a privilege which I shall always
value. I have never been more impressed
with any military leader than I have
been with General Walt. America can be
proud of him and the men who have so
courageously served under his command.
The Time magazine article is appended
hereto as a part of my remarks:
LEADER FOR ALL REASONS
Soon after landing in South Viet Nam with
a new second star on his shoulders, Marine
General Lewis Walt recognized that the U.S.
role there called for qualities of heart and
mind that are not defined in military man-
uals. "In this war," he said, "a soldier has to
be much more than a man with a rifle or a
man whose only objective Is to kill. He has to
be part diplomat, part technician, part
politician-and 100% a human being." As
the top Marine in Viet Nam, facing an array
of challenges matched by no other corps
commander in the war, Old Pro Lew Walt,
54, proved himself a leader for all reasons.
Last week, after two years of unremitting
war, Walt headed home to a hero's welcome
and a new job as the Marines' deputy chief
of staff for manpower.
With a command that embraces 10,440 sq.
mi.-all five of the northernmost provinces
that comprise I Corps-Walter had the task
of stabilizing South Viet Nam's queasiest
territory. The region was plagued by the
country's most aggressive guerrillas, threat-
ened with the massive cutting edge of well-
armed North Vietnamese divisions and abroil
with political dissidence. From the outset,
Walt gave priority to winning over the civil-
ians and holding the villages.
Hamlet by Hamlet. His humanitarianism
made good military sense. "When we realized
A 7437
that 180,000 people lived within 82-mm. mor-
tar range of the Danang Airbase, and when
we realized that there would be no way to
police every house," said Walt, "we decided
that the only way to solve it was to make
sure that we had friendlies living around
the airfield." The number of Vietnamese
now living in secure areas has doubled, to
1,000,000, during Walt's tour.
The husky Kansan, winner of two World
War II Navy crosses, was so committed to
pacification that the Marines became known
as "Walt's Peace Corps." While assault units
like the 1st Airmobile) Cavalry rode their
helicopters to major set-piece battles against
big Communist forces in unpopulated areas,
Walt's outnumbered Marines, for the most
part, had to fight mile by mile, hamlet by
hamlet.
The switch in tactics from the gung-ho
role in World War II and Korea made Walt
a frequent target of criticism. The contro-
versy also pointed up a split between Marine
and Army commanders. Army men, point-
ing to such bloody engagements as Ia Drang,
argued that the way to win was to kill the
V.C. first and pacify the population later.
The Marines replied that search-and-destroy
tactics suitable for the wastes of the Central
Highlands could not be employed in the
populous seacoast of "Eye" corps. Moreover,
they pointed out, wherever Army troops
pulled out, the Viet Cong flowed back in.
Unfailingly Considerate but ... Burdened
with defense of the major jet bases at Da-
nang and Chu Lao, committed to winning
over a skeptical population and handicapped
by having only 230 helicopters (v. 430 in one
Army airmobile division), Walt fought the
kind of war that the terrain demanded and
his experience dictated. As popular with his
troops as with the Vietnamese urchins he
daily fed candy, Walt was known to enlisted
men as "our squad leader in the sky" be-
cause of his tireless helicopter visits to com-
bat areas. His blue eyes often misted over
the sight of wounded Marines; yet they
could freeze like an arctic night at the sight
of an officer derelict in duty. A general and
more than one full colonel were booted out
of Viet Nam under the assault of Walt's
sharp temper. Yet to those who did their
job, he was unfailingly considerate.
General William Westmoreland, who was
quick to appreciate Walt's achievements-as
was the Pentagon, which awarded him his
third star after just nine months in Viet
Nam-asked the Marine in the spring of 1966
to extend his one-year tour for six months.
Then, after Walt's smashing defeat of a
North Vietnamese division last summer,
Westy asked him to stay another six months.
Soldier's Soldier. Six weeks ago, with 76,000
Marines and 19,000 soldiers under his com
mand, Walt finally closed with major ele-
ments of 71,000 guerrillas and regulars
threatening I Corps. Though the Marines pul-
verized the Communist forces, they took high
casualties. Walt's critics cited the U.S. losses
as the reason for his surrendering command
to Lieut. General Robert E. Cushman Jr.
Actually, it was known long before the DMZ
battles that Walt, bone-weary from endless
rounds of 15-hour days, was leaving Viet Nam
at the end of his second year.
Westmoreland, in an unusually warm trib-
ute at change-of-command ceremonies last
week in Danang, pinned the Distinguished
Service Medal on Walt's barrel chest and
said: "My admiration for this man is with-
out bounds. General Walt is a Marine's Ma-
rine and a soldier's soldier. He's not only big
physically but big morally, a man of almost
unique professional abilities, an officer of
great courage and outstanding leadership
attributes."
Characteristically, Walt's thoughts were not
with himself but with his Marines and fallen
comrades. "I have a deep feeling of sadness
as I recall those young men who have given
their lives," he said, "but there is no higher
cause than that of freedom."
Anoroved For Release. 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B003,69R000200300002-9
H 7438 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE June 19, 1967
THEr AST SITUATION I submit it is self-evident that any nation To me this is all wrong, and even worse
that would do what Russia is doing in the than that. In a world of naked power politics,
(Mr. POLLOCK asked and was given U.N. I. a nation whose primary concern is the policies of any nation in its right mind
permission to address the House for 1 not peace at all. Moscow knows full well that have got to reflect its own selfish interests.
minute and to include extraneous mat- Israel was not the aggressor and that Israel When situations are drastically changed, pol-
ter.) was simply compelled to strike out to save idles must be revised accordingly, This Is
Mr. POLLOCK. Mr. Speaker, the re- herself from Imminent total national de- understood by all of the really hardheaded
cent events in the Middle, East have left struction. Moscow knows equally well that nations of the world. Unfortunately we too
most of the participants doubtful and the U.N. will never be able to force Israel to often play politics as if it were a game and
startled about recent give up any of the territory she claims as expect everybody to play fair and abide by
past actions and essential to her future self-defense, which their word and some imaginary rules. The
uncertain over the future course of indeed much of it is. only rule that anybody pays any attention to
events. Indeed in this crisis the only ones The last fact is a good yardstick for show- in diplomacy is the law of self-interest.
who appear confident of themselves, their lug the utter cynicism of the Russians. They Israel has proven herself In sensational and
institutions, and their actions are the failed to get the 16-member U.N. Security heroic action to be our strong good bastion of
Israelis. The people of that small but in- Council to pass the censure resolution they Democracy in the Middle East. The Arab land
credibly brave nation have taught the seek against Israel. So now they are trying she captured with her blood Is all territory
world a lesson with its skill and dto get them passed by the 122-member Gen- whose only use to her will be to prevent easy
not eral Assembly, although they have repeat- new attacks on her people-legitimate spoils
watio a siwi h its skill and it determi-
edly in the past Insisted that such an action of war by any definition. On the other hand,
at all certain that the opposing parties would be illegal, And they have a good and with no cause whatever, seven Arab
concerned have learned this lesson. The chance of success, too, since the Afro-Asian states have spit in our eye by severing diplo-
Soviet Union, the Arabs, the United Na- bloc of nations has a controlling balance In matic relations and encouraging outrages on
tions and our own leaders seem to believe the General Assembly-where the vote cast American property in their midst.
in the same old myths that created and by the representative of 336,000 Gamblans Is Under these circumstances there is no
fed the bitterness of the Middle East that as important as that of the United States. moral or practical reason whatever for our
lead to the virtual annihilation of three But-and this is the payoff-the Russians clinging to a pre-war policy which held that
know that the adoption of their resolution Mideast boundaries should be sacrosanct. it
armies at the hands of an amazing Israel. by the Assembly will mean just exactly noth- is all well and good to have a policy of neu-
Some hard thinking is now in order. I ing in itself. It would be merely an expres- trality where our interests are not directly
was pleased yesterday to find that some Sion of opinion. Any implementation of such threatened. But in the present situation-
Is being done in this country. In the an opinion would have to be made by the where the Issues of right and wrong are so
Seattle Post-Intelligencer of June 18, Security Council, whose position already has clear, where our friends and enemies have
1967, Mr. William Randolph Hearst, Jr., been made clear. emerged so unmistakably-it Is foolish and
published an editorial entitled "War of Israel has said that peace terms must be meaningless to pretend neutrality any
Words." I wholeheartedly agree with Mr. hammered out in face-to-face talks with longer.
Words."
sentiments and I believe it the Arabs. The Arabs, for their part, have Now is as good a time as any for the United
should be brought to the attention Of vowed never to participate in such talks with States to reassert the leadership she has
the Israelis although eventually this position failed to exert in the Mideast crisis.
every Member of Congress. Under unani- will be untenable. The point here is that it We can do it by making it crystal clear in a
mous consent I place this find editorial in will continue to be tenable so long as the declaration to the world that we believe
the RECORD: Russians encourage the Arabs. justice lies with the Israeli cause.
WAR OF WORDS All this once again underscores the Jim- If we don't, we will be helping along the
(By William Randolph Hearst, Jr.) ited usefulness of the U.N. I. a real crisis. confusion and delay being created deliber-
tral spotlight of world attention swept dur- ?-?.?...a*plln--....us
lug the week from the west bank of the arm the so-called peacekeeping organize- .~.
boll with the authority of a superstate whose
J
Ri
d
t
t
or
an
ver in
he Mideast to the west bank
he New York. For west thanks sovereignty would top their own. In the ADDRESS OF VICE PRESIDENT HU-
of the East River
in -
to the Soviet Union-the sensational battle present situation it was further weakened by BERT H. HUMPHREY AT THE U.S.
of bullets between Israel and the Arab world the incredibly weak secretary general, U NAVAL ACADEMY
was followed instantly with the opening of Thant, who pulled U.N. forces out of Egypt
an all-out war of words In the United Na- at the first real sign of trouble, The U.N., (Mr. MACHEN asked and was given
bons. in fact, was not even useful in helping our permission to address the House for 1
nationals get out of the Arab world when minute and to revise and extend his
You can bet the war of words will be rela- they were ordered to vamoose. remarks.)
tively as long and indecisive as the battle of Incidentally, this last
res Mr, Speaker, as a Mee
her Mr. of MACHEN.
bullets was short and decisive. The Russians, to give well-earned credit here point to Pan reminds Amerirl- me
tto form, have deliberately set out to foul re Congress, as a member of the
true
any chances of achieving early s to foul can Airways for the superlative but little- Board of Visitors to the U.S. Naval
to the many pressing problems left b known emergency airlift they operated on Academy, and as an. American I am hon-
y ? by the June 6 and 7-the second and third days of
recent military showdown. the war. At the request of the State Depart- ored to call to the attention of my col-
Despite a lifetime of watching the com- ment, Pan Am evacuated 2,208 Americans, leagues a recent speech by the Vice
munists and their dirty work, I find myself mostly wives and children of diplomatic per- President of the United States.
literally astonished on occasion by their in- sonnet, in 18 flights out of Beirut. Other Addressing the 1967 commencement at
credible gall and utter cynicism. There is no emergency airlifts were successfully under- the Naval Academy on June 7, 1967, the
moral limit whatever to the Machiavellian taken by Pan Am from Lagos, in Nigeria, and Vice President offered a bill of rights and
maneuvering of which they are capable. What from fields in Southern Spain. It was a tough responsibilities for the 21st century Is now going on in the glass and marble home job done in superlative fashion. All Amerf- to
of the Great East River Debating Society is cans can be proud of this great American flag the graduating midshipmen, who will
another classic example of their diabolic airline. soon be among the leaders of our eoun-
mischief-making. The positive and speedy action taken by try. This is a bill of rights and responsi-
As always, the Russians claim they are the State Department In this matter, un- bilities that has more far-reaching appli-
working for peace and security In the world. fortunately, is In sorry contrast to the in- cation than to a single graduating class:
Yet, as always, their actions are coldly cal- effectiveness of our diplomacy throughout It is a set of goals and ideals that every
culated to disrupt such aims wherever and the whole Mideast showdown-and since. American, looking to the future, should
whenever they think the resultant mess will Before the war broke out, we proclaimed our- memorize and take to heart.
benefit them, This is precisely what they have selves officially neutral although our na-
been doing in their present drive to have the tional interests would have been vitally and Mr. Speaker, we all know and respect
U.N. brand Israel as an aggressor and to pass tragically affected by an%Arab victory, In ef- the Vice President as a man of vision and
a resolution calling on Israel to give back feet we were neutral on the side of Israel but integrity. It is national leaders such as
all the Arab territory seized in the war. even so-thanks to our chicken allies-we he who keep us looking ahead, toward
What the Soviets are trying to do in the were unable to do anything to help Israel the longer needs and goals of our coun-
U.N., primarily, is to score a recoup through break Nasser's illegal blockade of the Gulf try, and who help us put in the proper
words the prestige they lost when they failed of Aqaba. perspective the temporary national ob-
to come to the rescue of their Arab stooges Now that Israel won the war single- jectives in order that they may build on
with military intervention in the war. And handed, thus relieving us of a tremendous another toward a better way life.
in so doing they are encouraging the hate- potential responsibility, what have we done? one of
filled Arabs to hope their war wasn't lost after Merely mumbled something about continu- At this point I insert in the RECORD Vice
all-that they can somehow return to the tag our Mideastpolicy which calls for honor- President HUMPHREY'S excellent and
original provocative positions they held be- Ing the original territorial integrity of ALL challenging speech to the Naval Academy
fore the Israeli blitzkrieg. the states Involved in the conflict, graduating class:
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
e 19, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
,ber of remarks and insertions in the of Government over the doctrine of "execu-
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD within the last 2 rive privilege." From George Washington's
weeks by various Members of the House day until now, the issue has never been re-
have called attention to the case of Otto solved. The doctrine includes the concept
that no Administration official shall give in-
Otepka, the chief of the Division of formation about his department to any other
Evaluations of the State Department's agency or branch of Government-even Con-
`Ofiice of Security, whose case is now be- gress-without his superior's permission.
ing tried behind closed doors at the State And that, in a nutshell, is precisely what Mr.
Department. Described were such under- Otepka did.
handed and undiplomatic practices as Congress, on the other hand, jealously
guards what it calls the
wiretapping, ransacking of files, mutila- basic right of the
people's representatives to know what's going
tion of documents, and testifying falsely on in a democracy. And when the Senate
before a congressional subcommittee on subcommittee began to investigate commun-
the part of employees of State in an effort ism in the Administration, Mr. Otepka read-
to discredit Otepka. Recently, 10 of the ily supplied the committee with information
some of which charged him with the
mutilation of documents, thereby violat-
ing a Federal statute. The mutilation
charges were dropped, according to the
Government Employees' Exchange, for
fear that Otepka knew the names of the
actual mutilators, would divulge their
names at the hearing, and these persons,
in turn, have indicated that they would
give the names of "top" persons who had
ordered the mutilation and planting of
documents in Otepka's burn bag.
To complicate matters, the historic
battle between the executive branch and
'Congress over "executive privilege" mili-
tates against Otepka. At times it has been
like pulling teeth for Congress'to get per-
tinent information from the various
agencies of the, executive branch, espe-
cially on matters which might prove em-
barrassing to the agency involved. Con-
sidering the above list of malpractices,
one would hardly nominate the State De-
partment for the Department-of-the-
Year Award, for honest and fair treat-
ment of its employees.
The National Observer of June 12,
1967, carried an article by Gary G. Ger-
lach on the Otepka case. I insert this
article, entitled "Man in the Middle," in
the RECORD at this point.
THIS WEEK IN WASHINGTON: MAN IN THE
MIDDLE
(By Gary G. Gerlach)
Any schoolboy can tell you that the Fed-
eral Government consists of three independ-
ent branches, namely the judicial, the legis-
lative, and the executive. Any of Uncle Sam's
employes-and especially bureaucrat Otto F.
Otepka-can tell you that the three branches
harbor intense institutional jealousies. Mr.
Otepka is a husky, 52-year-old career civil
servant in the State Department, and he
knows about the intense jealousy, because
for the past 31/2 years he has been a near-
helpless pawn in a seemingly endless bureau-
cratic battle between Congress and the Ad-
ministration.
Last week a little daylight finally appeared
at the end of the long tunnel of the Otepka
case. The State Department hearing on why
Mr. Otepka was fired in 1963 finally began,
behind closed doors. The only public develop-
ment so far: State quietly dropped 10
charges, minor ones, of the 13 pending against
Mr. Otepka.
For a decade prior to September 1963, Mr.
Otepka was State's chief security evaluator.
His job was to sift the backgrounds of hun-
dreds of employes in search of breaches of
loyalty. Then he was fired. Secretary of State
Dean Rusk .~s charging him with conduct
an officer" of State for having
"unbecomin
g
glade clask d, documents available to the
Senate's. 14 ernal 'Security subcommittee
without his, superior`s authorization. Mr.
Otepka was formally dismissed from his post
Nov. 5, 1963.
Behind the firing is the historic squabble
between Congress and the executive branch
Some contend, in fact, that this is the real
heart of the dispute: That Communists in-
fluences in Government marked Mr. Otepka
for removal because he was a zealous patriot
trying to do his duty by exposing Reds.
Anyway, the battle was on. Secretary Rusk,
fired Mr. Otepka specifically for violating
a 1948 executive-privilege directive by Presi-
dent Truman ordering that the files of the
Government's loyalty programs be kept con-
fidential. A howl went through Congress over
the Otepka dismissal-a howl so loud that
Foggy Bottom backed down a bit. Mr. Otepka
was allowed to stay on. at State pending a
hearing. Still, he was stripped of all im-
portant duties. Today he remains in bureau-
cratic limbo at a make-work job in which
he earns $20,400 a year clipping the Congres-
sional Record in his State cubbyhole.
is a "higher loyalty" in Government service to
the "highest moral principles, which rise
above "loyalty to persons, party, or Govern-
ment departments."
Secretary Rusk counters that no one can
r11n State effectively without sole control
of security. Actions like those of Mr. Otepka,
he says, cause "an erosion of confidence
among people who work at adjoining desks."
He paints a vivid word picture of frightened
hordes of nameless bureaucrats going about
even the most insignificant tasks in a cold
sweat plotting to protect themselves and in-
criminate their associates.
Since 1963 hundreds of headlines, 20 vol-
umes of congressional testimony, and thou-
sands of taxpayers' dollars have failed to
resolve the case. Even the current hearing
isn't likely to resolve it; Secretary Rusk will
make the final decision arising out of the
hearing, but Mr. Otepka's attorney, Roger
Robb, says' he may try to take the case into
a Federal court on grounds he has yet to
disclose.
All along, the quietly firm Mr. Otepka has
continued to live at his Wheaton, Md., home
in suburban Washington, holding his tedious
make-work job and bowling in the State
employees' league, where occasionally he
meets Secretary Rusk on the alleys. For all
his determination Mr. Otepka remains a
mostly helpless victim of one of the republic's
basic principles-the strict, jealously guarded
division of powers among the Government's
three branches.
(Mr. WIDNALL (at the request of Mr.
BIESTER) was granted permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
[Mr. WIDNALL'S remarks will appear
hereafter in the Appendix.]
PROUD OF TEENAGE SERVICEMEN
(Mr. HARRISON (It the request of
Mr. BIESTER) was granted permission to
extend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. HARRISON. Mr. Speaker, I have
H 7445
received two letter from teenage service-
men which make me proud to be an
American.
These men, one from Wyoming and
the other a Texan, already are serving
overseas, but they want combat duty.
They both wrote that they would extend
their tours of duty if they could have
combat assignments.
This is positive proof, Mr. Speaker,
that not all young Americans condone
the actions of the draft card burners
and others who would have this country
The 19-year-old Wyoming man now
is working as a mechanic. He wrote to
me that he feels "that if I get into the
infantry I might save a married man
with children" from combat duty. The
Texan indicated a similar sentiment.
The Wyoming man said he does not want
to "go home feeling that what I did on
my tour over here did not help the
United States to win the war."
I do not know, Mr. Speaker, whether
these young men will be granted their
requests, but I do know that their gen-
uine desire to serve our country in a
more significant way makes me very
proud of both of them.
(Mr. LANGEN (at the request of Mr.
BIESTER) was granted permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous
matter)
Mr. LANGEN. Mr. Speaker, today I am
introducing a bill which would make it
a Federal offense to travel in or use a
facility of interstate commerce with the
intent of inciting a riot or other violent
civil disturbance.
This bill would make the instigation of
riots a Federal crime punishable by a
fine up to $10,000 or imprisonment for a
period up to 5 years, or both.
The recent violent civil disturbances
in numerous locations throughout the
Nation attest to the urgent need for this
legislation.
Our law enforcement officials need a
legal weapon such as this to more effec-
tively cope with and deter those who
would incite riots such as these. A gov-
ernment under law cannot afford to tol-
erate violence of this kind.
PEACE
(Mr. ALBERT asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks and include extraneous matter.)
Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, President
Johnson has provided a sound blueprint
for peace in the Middle East in his
speech this morning. I believe that if the
nations of the Middle East would focus
their attention on the five fundamental
points outlined by the President, peace
in the region would be assured.
The President rightly noted that peace
rests on the recognized right of national
life; on justice for Palestinian refugees;
on the right of free maritime passage; on
limiting the arms race; and on political
independence and territorial integrity
for all.
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002=9
 H 7446
I commend the President for both his
statesmanship and his deft analysis for
easing the tensions and dangers of this
troubled area of the world.
I hope that all of the member nations
of the United Nations will, endorse Presi-
dent Johnson's call for U.N. reports on
all shipments of military arms to the
Middle East area. This is a vitally im-
portant proposal-one that can help to
provide necessary safeguards until polit-
ical_ solutions can be found to reduce the
hostile, explosive atmosphere in the, area.
I believe that all Americans will stand
firmly with the President on the policies
he outlined this morning, For our peo-
ple know that there must be a settlement
of differences in the Middle East that is
based on equity, humanitarianism, and
mutual respect, if the world is to avoid
future and even more dangerous con-
frontations in the region. ,
I insert into the RECORD President
Johnson's remarks to the Foreign Policy
Conference for Educators, at the State
Department, today:
TEXT OF REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT AT THE
FOREIgN POLICY CONFERENCE FOR EDU-
CATORS-STATE DEPARTMENT
I welcome the chance to share with you
this morning a few reflections on American
foreign policy, as I have shared my thoughts
in recent weeks with representatives of busi-
ness and labor, and with other leaders of our
free society.
During this past weekend at Camp David-
where I met and talked with America's good
friend, Prime Minister Holt of Australia, r
thought of the General Assembly debate on
the Middle East, that opens today in New
York.
But I thought also of the events of the past
year in other continents. I thought of the
future-both in the Middle East, and in other
areas of American interest and world con-
cern.
This morning I want to give you my esti-
mate of the prospects for peace, and the
hopes for progress, in several: regions of the
world.
I shall speak. first of our own hemisphere,
then of Europe
the Soviet Union
Afric
and
,
,
a
past toward freedom and dignity. She Is in
Asia, and lastly of the two areas that con- the long and difficult travail of building na-
cern us most at this hour-Vietnam and the tions. Her roud
Middle East. P people are determined to
Let me begin with the Americas. make a new Africa, according to their own
Last April I met with my fellow American lights.
Presidents in Punta del Este., It was an en- They are creating enstiontions for political
couraging experience for me, ; as I believe it gre ecaelve They have m-
was for the leaders of Latin America. For plishment great tasks ks f will c for t require year's accorn-
they made the historic decision to move to- ears of struggle and
w
ward the economic integration of Latin We sacrifice.
America. We want that struggle to succeed, and we
In my judgment their deci on is as im- want to be responsive to the efforts they are
,
portent as any they have taken since, they making on theirown behalf. taking the necessary steps to implement this
became independent more than a century I can give personal testimony to the new principle when hostilities exploded. If a single
and a half ago. spirit that is abroad throughout Asia. It is a act of folly was more responsible for this ex-
The men I met with know that the needs spirit of confidence, born of growing security. plosion than any other, it was the arbitrary
of their two hundred and twenty million peo- Everywhere I travelled last Autumn-from and dangerous announced decision that the
ple require them to modernize their that tries of the region-I found the conviction of Innocent maritime passage must be pre-
I would ask our people to cooperate in those that Asians can work with Asians to create served for all nations.
efforts, and in giving new force to our great better conditions of life in every country. Fourth, this last conflict has demonstrated
common, enterprise-the Alliance for Prog- fear has given way to hope in millions of the danger of the Middle Eastern arms race
ress. hearts. of the last twelve years. Here the responsi-
One meeting of chiefs of state cannot Asia's immense human problems remain, bility must rest not only on those in the
transform a continent. But where leaders of course. Not all countries have moved area-but upon the larger states outside it.
are willing to face their problems candidly, ahead as rapidly as Thailand, Korea, and the We believe that scarce resources are better
and where they are ready to join In meeting Republic of China. But most of them are on used for technical and economic develop-
them responsibly, there can only be hope for a promising track, and Japan is taking a wel- mint. We have always opposed this arms
the future. come role in helping her fellow Asians race, and our own military shipments to
The nations of the developed world-and toward more rapid development. the area have been severely limited.
I am speaking principally of the Atlantic A free Indonesia-the world's fifth largest Now the waste and futility of the arms
Alliance and Japan-have in this race are moment o co all. And now there is
past year nation, a land of more than one hundred another moment of choice. The United States,
made good progress in meeting their corn- million people-is struggling to rebuild, to for its part, will use every resource of diplo-
mon problems and responsibilities. reconstruct and reform Its national life. This macy, and every counsel of reason and pru-
I have met with a number of statesmen- will require the understanding and support dence, to find a better course.
Prime Minister Lester Pearson in Canada of the international community. a beginning-, we that the
only a few days ago, and the leaders of Eu- We maintain our dialogue with the au- United Nations should call upon its members
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE June 19, fJ.7
rope ,shortly before that. We discussed many
of the great issues that we face together.
We ' are consulting to good effect on how
to limit the spread of nuclear weapons.
We have completed the Kennedy Round
of tariff negotiations, in a healthy spirit of
partnership, and we are examining together
the vital question of monetary reform.
We have reorganized the integrated NATO
defense, with its headquarters in Belgium.
We have reached agreement on the crucial
question of maintaining allied military
strength In Germany.
Finally, we have worked together-al-
though not yet with sufficient resources-to
help the less developed countries deal with
hunger and overpopulation.
We have not, by any means, settled all the
issues that face us, either among ourselves
or with other nations. But there is lesscause
to lament what has not been done, than to
take heart from what has.
You know of my personal interest in im-
proving relations between the Western world
and the nations of Eastern Europe.
I believe the patient course we are pur-
suing toward those nations is vital to the
security of our country.
Through cultural exchanges and civil air
agreements; through consular and outer
space treaties; through what we hope will
soon become a treaty for the nonprolifera-
tion of nuclear weapons, and also, if they
will join us, an agreement on anti-ballistic
missiles.
We have tried to enlarge, and have made
great progress in enlarging, the arena of
common action with the Soviet Union.
Our purpose is to narrow our differences
where they can be narrowed, and thus to
help to secure peace in the world for future
generations. It will be a long slow task, with
many setbacks and discouragements. But it
is the only rational policy for them and for
us.
In Africa, as in Asia, we have encouraged
the nations of the region In their efforts to
join in cooperative attacks on the problems
each of them faces: economic stagnation,
poverty, hunger, disease and ignorance. Un-
der Secretary Katzenbach reported to me last
week on his recent trip through Africa. He
described the many problems and opportu-
nities in that continent.
thorities in Peking, in preparation for the
day when they will be ready to live at peace
with the rest of the world.
I regret that I cannot report any major
progress toward peace in Vietnam.
I can promise you that we have tried every
possible way to bring about either discussions
between the opposing sides, or a practical
de-escalation of the violence itself.
Thus far there has been no serious response
from the other side.
We are ready-and we have long been
ready-to engage in a mutual de-escalation
of the fighting. But we cannot stop only half
the war, nor can we abandon our commit-
ment to the people of South Vietnam. And
so long as North Vietnam attempts to seize
South Vietnam by force, we must, and we
will, block its efforts-so that the people of
South Vietnam can determine their future
in peace.
We would like to see the day come-and
soon-when we can cooperate with all the
nations of the region, including North Viet-
nam, in healing the wounds of a war that
has continued for too long. When the aggres-
sion ends, that day will follow.
Now, finally, let me turn to the Middle
East-and to the tumultuous events of the
past months.
Those events have proved the wisdom of
five great principles of peace in the region.
The first and greatest principle is that
every nation in the area has a fundamental
right to live, and to have this right respected
by its neighbors.
For the people of the Middle East, the path
to hope does not lie in threats to end the
life of any other nation. Such threats have
become a burden to the peace not only of the
region, but of the world.
In the same way, no nation would be true
to the U.N. Charter, or to its own true inter-
ests, if it should permit military success
to blind it to the fact that its neighbors have
rights and interests of their own. Each nation
must accept the right.of others to life.
Second, this last month shows us another
basic requirement for settlement. It is a hu-
man requirement: justice for the refugees.
A new conflict has brought new homeless-
ness. The nations of the Middle East must at
last address themselves to the plight of those
who have been displaced by wars. In the past
both sides have resisted the best efforts of
outside mediators to restore the victims of
conflict to their homes, or to find them other
proper places to live and work. There will be
no peace for any party in the Middle East
unless this problem is attacked with new en-
ergy by all, and primarily by those immedi-
ately concerned.
A third lesson from this last month is that
maritime rights must be respected. Our na-
tion has long been committed to free mari-
time passage through international water-
ways, and we, along with other nations
were
 Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369P2000200300002-9
ne 19, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE
to report all shipments of military arms to
the area.
Fifth, the crisis underlines the critical im-
portance of respect for the political inde-
pendence and territorial integrity of all the
states in the area. We reaffirmed that prin-
'ciple at the height of the crisis. We reaffirm
it today, on behalf of all.
This principle can be effective in the Mid-
dle East only on the basis of peace between
the parties. The nations of the region have
had only fragile and violated truce lines for
twenty years. What they now need are recog-
nized boundaries and other arrangements
that will give security against terror, de-
struction, and war. Further, there must be
adequate recognition of the special interest
of three great religions in the Holy Places of
Jerusalem.
These five principles are not new, but they
are fundamental. Taken together they point
the way from uncertain armistice to durable
peace. We believe there must he progress to-
ward all of them it there is to be progress
toward any.
There are some who have urged, as a
single, simple solution, an immediate re-
turn to the situation as it was on June 4.
As our distinguished Ambassador Goldberg
has already said, this is not a prescription
for peace, but for renewed hostilities.
Certainly troops must be withdrawn, but
there must also be recognized rights of na-
tional life-progress in solving the refugee
problem-freedom of innocent maritime
passage-limitation of the arms race-and
respect for political independence and ter-
ritorial integrity.
But who will make this peace where all
have failed for twenty years?
Clearly the parties to the conflict must be
the parties to the peace. Sooner or later it is
they who must make a settlement in the
area. It is hard to see how it is possible for
nations to live together in peace if they can-
not learn to _reason together.
But we must still ask, who can help them?
Some say, it should be the U.N., and some
call for the use of other parties. We have
been first in our support of effective peace-
keeping in the U.N., and we also recognize
the values of mediatipn.
We are ready to see any method tried, and
we believe that none should be excluded al-
together. Perhaps fill will be needed.
I appeal to all to adopt no rigid view on
these matters. I offer assurance to all that
the Government of the United States will do
its part for peace in every forum, and at
every level, and at every hour.
Yet there is no escape from this fact: the
main responsibility for the peace of the
region depends upon its own peoples and
leaders. What will be truly decisive in the.
Middle 'East will be what is said and done by
those who live there.
They can seek another arms race if they
want. But they will seek it at a terrible cost
to their own people-and to their long-
neglected human needs. They can live on a
diet of hate-though only at the cost of
hatred in return. Or .they can move toward
peace with one another.
The world is watching, for the peace of
the world is at stake. It will look for patience
and justice-humility-and mora'1 courage.
It will look for signs of movement from
,prejudice and the emotional choas of con-
flict-to the gradual shaping of peace.
The Middle East is rich in history, In
people, and in resources. It has no need to
live in permanent civil war. It has the power
to build its own life, as one of the prosperous
regions of'the world.
If the nations, of the Middle East turn
toward the works of peace, they can count
with confidence upon the friendship, and the
help, of the people of the United States.
In a climate of peace, we will do our full
share to help with a solution for the refugees.
We will do our share in support of regional
cooperation.`We will do our share, and more,
to see that the peaceful promise of nuclear
energy is applied to the critical problem of
desalting water.
Our country is committeed-and we re-
iterate that commitment today-to a peace
based on five principles: first, the recognized
right of national life; second, justice for the
refugees; third, innocent maritime passage;
fourth, limits on the wasteful and destruc-
tive arms race; and fifth, political indepen-
dence and territorial integrity for all.
This is not a time for malice, but for
magnanimity: not for propaganda, but for
patience: not for vituperation, but for vision.
On the basis of peace, we offer our help
to the people of the Middle East. That land,
known to everyone of us since childhood as
the birthplace of great religions and learning
for all mankind, can flourish once again in
our time, We shall do all in our power to
FOR A MIDDLE EAST SOLUTION
(Mr. MORGAN (at the request of Mr.
ALBERT) was granted permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Speaker, Presi-
dent Johnson has strongly urged the
nations of the Middle East; to come to-
gether and work out a settlement of dif-
ferences that is based on justice and
mutual regard for political rights..
I think the American people will
strongly support the President. And I
fervently hope that the nations involved
will realize the wisdom of the President's
words.
The President made clear that the
policy of the United States is based on
the recognition of the rights of all Mid-
dle Eastern nations. He also made it
clear that there should be no immediate
return to the boundary lines that ex-
isted in the area on June 4. But he
urged a return to reason and reality that
can produce a political settlement that
is fair to all.
I warmly support the President's call
for limiting the arms race in the area. I
congratulate him for his recognition of
the plight of the refugees. The nations
of the world must cooperate in both of
these'vital matters.
In articulating a five-point plan for
peace, President Johnson came to grips
with the difficult, stubborn, and complex
problems that beset the nations of the
Middle East.
We must hope that ways can be found
to act on all of these five points-each
of which is indispensable to a real and
lasting peace.
I hope also that those participating in
the United Nations General Assembly
debate on the Middle East will heed the
President's words that-
This is not a time for malice, but for
magnanimity; not for propaganda, but for
patience; not for vituperation, but for vision.
If these words are heeded, then a real
beginning to a Middle East settlement
WISE WORDS' FROM PRESIDENT
JOHNSON ON THE MIDDLE EAST
SITUATION
(Mr. PICKLE (at the request of Mr.
ALBERT) was granted permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
H 7447-
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, President
Johnson has injected a healthy dose of
wisdom and reason into the emotional,
hate-filled atmosphere surrounding the
problems of the Middle East.
The President's speech, in direct con-
trast to Premier Kosygin's, proposes just
and honorable principles upon which a
lasting peace can be achieved in this
troubled area of the world.
I strongly support the President's plea
for an end to an arms race in the Middle
East. I hope that the members of the
United Nations will quickly endorse the
President's proposal for U.N. reports on
all arms shipments into the area.
Most important, I believe that the
American people stand solidly with the
President's five points necessary to
achieve a just settlement between Israel
and her Arab neighbors.
But, as the President rightly noted,
any progress in the search for peace in
the Middle East must come about
through direct negotiations between the
nations involved. This point is at the
heart of any true and meaningful settle-
ment of differences.
I endorse the President's enunciation
of American policy in the Middle East.
It is a policy that would lead to a new era
of understanding and progress for all
nations concerned.
We can only hope that the nations in-
volved will heed the wisdom of the Presi-
dent's words.
CRISIS IN OUR MERCHANT MARINE
FLEET
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under
previous order of the House, the gentle-
man from Alaska [Mr. POLLOCK] is rec-
ognized for 60 minutes.
Mr. POLLOCK. Mr. Speaker, it is im-
perative that the United States begin to
immediately assert itself in the commer-
cial development of the international
waters of the world on a scale that will
restore this country to its traditional
first-rank maritime importance. It is
time we dramatize the declining position
of the U.S. maritime industry and the
U.S. fishing industry in relation to that
of other nations, that we call attention to
our embarrassing lack of an aggressive,
comprehensive national policy on the
oceans, and emphasize the neglect of the
ocean potential in general and the fish-
eries and living resources of the oceans
and our merchant marine in particular
at the highest levels of Government. The
Nation's oldest industries concerning the
merchant marine and fisheries are in
their hour of crisis.
Last Tuesday, this House passed a
measure designed to give a small boost
to our sorely depressed shipbuilding in-
dustry. An amendment to the Depart-
ment of Defense appropriation bill which
provides that seven of our 16 new mine-
sweepers will be built in this country
serves to accentuate a grave problem
that this Nation is long overdue in solv-
ing. I speak, of the Nation's decline to
disaster levels in its fishery and merchant
marine areas.
As you are all aware, there has recent-
ly been proposed a new maritime pro-
gram by the new Secretary of Trans-
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69Bd0369R000200300002-9
 H 7448
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
portation. While the Secretary insists
that this Is in reality not an official ad-
ministration program, it nevertheless is
represented as the thinking of the Secre-
tary and his staff on the maritime prob-
lems which now face the Nation, There
are many facets of this program which
need to be explained more fully before
they can hope to obtain 'industrywide
support.
There is one portion of ' the program
that seems to me to be; particularly
shortsighted, This is the recommenda-
tion to upgrade and to pour huge sums
of money Into the reconstruction of hun-
dreds of national defense; reserve ves-
sels. As you know we have broken out
172 of these ships for the present Viet-
nam conflict at astronomical costs.
Each one of these vessels has cost the
Government an average of 550,000 to be
fitted back into service. After they have
been placed into service many of them
have been plagued with mechanical fail-
ures which have resulted the loss of
valuable sailing days.
The average age of our reserve fleet
vessels is around 23 years. How much
longer can these obsolete rust buckets be
used for defense purposes without dam-
aging our military efforts? ' Vessels from
the reserve fleet have been: used on sev-
eral occasions. They were' used during
the Korean conflict and in: the Suez in-
cident. However, at the beginning of the
Korean conflict in 1950 the average age
of the vessels was, only 7 years and dur-
ing the Suez crisis only 10 years. In 1950
only 5 to 7 days were required to reac-
tivate a vessel and the cost was approx-
imately $156,000. Today, reactivation of
one national defense reserive fleet ves-
sels costs about three times as much and
requires 40 days, or eight times longer
to reactivate. Thus, the use of vessels in
the reserve fleet for future military and
commercial emergencies is becoming less
and less feasible from a cost and time
standpoint.
it seems the need for new construc-
tion was made painfully clear by the re-
cent testimony of the Assistant Secre-
tary of Defense, Paul Ignatius, before
the Merchant Marine and 1 'isheries Sub-
committee of the Senate Commerce
Committee in April. While not pleading
the case for new constructs n, Mr. Igna-
tius presented testimony which can only
bear evidence to the precarious position
we would find ourselves Ii should an-
other conflict develop at the same time
as we are fighting in Vietnam. The very
recent Near East war would have made
our inadequacy painfully clear had the
United States been compelled to provide
any substantial maritime shipping ca-
pacity. Secretary Ignatius indicated that
around 35 percent of our total potential
carrying capacity was being utilized in
the Vietnam conflict. This 35 percent
includes 100 percent of the MSTS nucleus
fleet anct 40 percent of our privately
owned fleet. How then can we hope to
have enough shipping capacity to meet
another crisis without completely abdi-
cating our commercial traces posture or
placing ourselves in the precarious posi-
tion of depending upon foreign-flag ves-
sels to meet our military needs. Indeed, it
would appear to me that we have
reached the breaking point, and if more
new vessels are not constructed we will
be faced with the dilemma of giving up
our valuable commercial carriage or re-
lying on foreign-flag interests. I might
add that these interests have on several
occasions declined to carry our military
cargoes to Vietnam.
We have been told that the desire to
pour millions of dollars into the upgrad-
ing of the reserve fleet is a Defense De-
partment decision-the same Defense
Department that seeks to build fast de-
ployment Logistic ships as a panacea to
our shipbuilding problems. I do not be-
lieve that the vast appropriation of
money should be made toward supporting
an obsolete and antiquated reserve fleet
without careful examination of our de-
fense needs, and a full discussion of the
merits of reserve fleet conversion as op-
posed to new construction. If the Defense
Department Is convinced that their pro-
posal Is In the best interests of the coun-
try, then they should not hesitate in
making avaliable to us the cost-effective-
ness studies which have gone Into the
making of this decision.
A low-level domestic ship construction
program, coupled with building abroad,
is loaded with danger. It poses the threat
of an ever-increasing flight of American
capital abroad, adversely affecting our
balance of payments. It could leave our
own shipbuilding industry with a limited
number of vessels to build and hold forth
no hope whatsoever of reducing unit cost
through multiple production. Yet, this
same opportunity denied to our own in-
dustry would be offered to foreign yards
so as to possibly widen-not close-the
price gap between domestic and foreign
construction. The ultimate effect could
be further pressure to increase our ship
construction-differential subsidy rate.
We already are encountering congres-
sional opposition to further extension of
the present temporary ceiling of 55 per-
cent. An increase above 55 percent might
be wholly unacceptable and could jeop-
ardize the entire subsidy program.
A very basic issue is being swept under
the rug by improvising such a program-
whether or not it is essential for us to
maintain In a state of readiness the
facilities and the skilled labor to build
merchant ships in this country. If it is
essential, as I believe it to be, then to
propose the construction of only fifteen
ships a year, or even thirty, coupled with
the modernization of some old "crocks,"
is to mock and to Insult the intelligence
of both the industry and the Congress.
Before we embark upon any decisions
involving our national defense reserve
fleet, I hope that we will take a long hard
look at the total effect this will have on
our merchant marine and upon our de-
fense capabilities. The prime area of
concentration today must be upon the
redevelopment of a strong, privately-
owned merchant marine. Only when this
is accomplished will we be able to have a
vital nucleus upon which to base our
future commercial and defense needs.
And the problems do not only lie with
our merchant marine program but also
with our commercial fishing fleet.
While the exploitation of the world's
ocean resources is being aggressively
pursued by other nations, the Johnson
administration either does not under-
June 19, f9-6 7
stand what Is happening or ignores the
situation as unimportant.
It is my belief that it will be necessary
for the United States to make a heavy
Government commitment if this country
is to attain a standing of first-rankim-
portance in international ocean develop-
ment, and this commitment should be
in the form ofapartnership with indus-
try, as is done in Japan. Japanese fish-
ing operations are not Government
owned, but the Government works very
closely with the fishing industry, back-
ing it up with education, research, and
diplomatic efforts on a far greater scale
than ours. As a result, the Japanese take
almost a fifth of all the marine food
landed in the world. The United States
must encourage private investment in
the utilization of the food resources of
the sea.
The United States emerged from
World War II with a large and relatively
efficient fishing fleet, but now it has
fallen Into obsolescence, and nothing has
been done to keep the American fishing
fleet modern, efficient, and, competitive.
The average age of the documented
fleet exceeds 20 years, and many of the
vessels In the commercial fishing fleet
exceed 50 years of age. We must candidly
admit that there exists an overall ob-
solescence of the U.S. commercial fishing
fleet, then decide immediately what must
be done about it, and, thereafter imple-
ment a workable plan for modernization.
The 1965 world catch of seafoods of all
kinds was 115 billion pounds. If per cap-
ita consumption remains the same as in
1965, more than 215 billion pounds will
be required by the turn of the century.
The current rate of increase in consump-
tion, however, is almost double the rate
of world population growth. With better
preservation of flavor and more attrac-
tive processing, it is likely that the per
capita consumption of fish products will
increase so that by the year 2000, the
total could approach 350 billion
pounds-three times what it is today. It
should be our stated national objective
to achieve a greater percentage of this
increasing world catch. To do so we ob-
viously must reverse our present trend;
that is, we must increase our production
and increase the U.S. share of the world
fishery catch.
The United States-by far the world's
largest market for fish and seafood
products-has slipped in the last 10
years from second to fifth place. among
world fishing nations in production,
falling behind Red China, the U.S.S.R.,
and Peru. The United States also re-
mains behind Japan, whose production
is up 40 percent during the past 10 years,
while that of the United States is down
about 10 percent. The U.S. share of the
world fishery catch had dropped from
12.4 percent in 1.948 to 5.2 in 1965. While
U.S. demand increased from 6 billion
pounds in 1949 to 12 billion pounds in
1965. The fact is that this country's re-
lative position has worsened as other na-
tions have continued to accelerate their
drive for exploitation of the world's
ocean resources.
These nations, Russia, Japan, Red
China, Peru, and many others have
mounted a massive ocean offensive since
World War II, while the fishing indus-
try in the United States continues to de-
Approved-For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 Approved For Release- 2004/05/25 CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
June 19, 1967
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD HOUSE 1117465
with a plate bearing the words "John E. medicare can be strengthened and im- cases where patients do re-
Fogarty Public Personnel Award" and the
signature of the Prenent of the United proved. It is in this spirit, therefore, that In those quire nursing home care, the bill assures
States, is given annually to a personnel off- I am today introducing five bills to ex- them the kind of professional care they
cial in a Federal, State, or municipal public tend and improve medicare coverage for need. At this moment, almost half of the
agency who makes an outstanding contri- the Nation's older citizens. nursing homes in the United States have
bution to employment of the handicapped in One of these bills would go far to no registered nurse associated with the
the agency in which he is employed. The remedy what I consider to be one of the institution, and only a few have rehabili-
selection was; made ' by a group of judges most inexcusable situations confronting tative or restorative services for their
tine Director, League of c ties, a a the ill: their inability to meet the ex- patients. The bill would correct these
Chairman of the National
lc Service Committee of cessively high costs of drugs. Millions of deficiencies.
the President's Committee. our older citizens, living on fixed incomes, This legislation also requires that the
Mr. Leonhard has seta personal example cannot afford the fruits of our scientific States conduct periodic reviews of nurs-
in his agency by promulgation of policies progress. This is inexcusable. The recent ing home care to assure that facilities
concerning handicapped employees. Not only disclosures of vast price spreads between are used to the optimum and that pa-
have these policies provided for hiring the brand name drugs and drugs sold by tients are provided with the most appro-
qualified handicapped persons, they have generic name attests to the crying need
also provided for continuing employment for remedial legislation. keep ccuraes. Also, is requires them t-
of personnel who became handicapped dur- The bill I am introducing will enable keep accurate and easily verifiable ras
ing their tenure of employment. He has re- suds of medical services rendered to as-
tained and reassigned employees disabled persons enrolled in part B of medicare to sure that patients receiving Federal as-
by injury or dto other jobs commen- receive, beginning January _ 1969, benefit sistance get what they pay for. Finally,
atedtorwit des their disease ability, h om re-evalu- aalllowancaes toward the cost of drugs re- the bill provides that payments to nurs-obs to
iring
Prescrip
, aft
r they
have disabilities so that the employes *abilities first paid on initial $25 t acrd their cost fug homes and home health agencies
f sercould be fully utilized without loss of self- The schedule of allowances will be so fully ices the reasonable cost of serv-
respect. . drawn up as to encourage doctors to pre- ices rendered.
cent, the 4ti a the his no in agency t o 65.6 per- scribe by generic name rather than by The fifth bill would extend medicare or of tota have some t staff brand name. This, I feel, will be to the of 635 coverage to the 2.6 million State and local
type of disability and perform
their jobs satisfactorily, advantage of all. employees who are not eligible under
In addition, Mr. Leonhard has initiated My second bill, more modest in scope, existing law. Many of them would like to
special agency programs to assist the hands- also addresses itself to the financial diffi- be covered, but cannot be as long as the
capped In becoming employed, such as as- culties of medicare beneficiaries. Under law also requires them to be under the
signing special representatives for the hands- existing law, patients of doctors who re- social security retirement system, of
capped in each of the 61 offices located in fuse to accept medicare assignments which most State and local governments
24 cities. The success of Mr. Leonhard's must pay their doctor's bills in their are not a part.
efforts in behalf of the handicapped worker entirety before they can claim reimburse- Quite simply, permit
is evidenced by the fact that Oklahoma, in this bill would
1965, although 27th in. population, ranked ment from medicare. This places an in- State and local government employees to
fifth in the Nation in total number of handi- tolerable financial burden on many pa- obtain medical insurance without also
capped applicants placed in jobs. tients and, in some cases, forces them to having to participate in the retirement
Mr. Leonhard began his public service seek care from doctors not of their first system. Since these two insurance pro-
career in the employment field with the Na- choice. To correct that situation, the bill grams are administered separately any-
tional Re-employment Service Office at Ana- would allow a patient to file for his claim way, this should not be difficult to ac-
darko, Oklahoma. In January 1937, when with an unpaid bill, thus allowing him to complish. State and local governments
the Oklahoma State Employment Service was defer payment to the doctor until he can and their employees would pay for their
created, he became a member of the admin-
istrative staff and served as Assistant to the pay the entire amount. medicare coverage according to the
State Director. In 1946 he was named Direc- The third bill provides for the reim- schedule now set out in the law-that is,
for of the Agency, which is now known as bursement of medicare patients for their 0.5 percent of salary up to $6,600 per em-
the Oklahoma Employment Security Com- transportation to a hospital or rehabilita- ployee and employer, rising to 0.85 per-
mission. tion center to receive the care of a cent in 1987. In short, these new partici-
Mr. Leonhard earlier received the 'Public physical therapist. Quite simply, the bill pants would fully pay their share of in-
Personnel Award from the Oklahoma City would strike out language in the Medi- surance coverage. I see every reason that
Mayor's Committee on Employment of the care Act-title XVIII, section 1861, in. 7- they should be included.
Handicapped and the 1966 State Public Per- which states that expenses can be paid Each of the five bills I introduce here
sonnel Award from the Governor's Commit- "but not including transportation of today sets out to fill gaps in existing
tee on Employment of the Handicapped. He
was nominated for the President's Commit- the individual in connection with any Medicare legislation. The original law
tee Award by the Oklahoma Governor's Com- such item or service." was, indeed, precedent breaking and
mittee. Because of the statute's present word- effectively responsive to a desperate so-
Although the Public Personnel Award has ing, therapists must travel to patients' cia need. But the work of Congress is
been presented annually by the President's homes or to distant extended care never done. We have a continuing re-
Committee since 1954, this year it was re- facilities, thus dissipating their time and sponsibility to insure that medicare meets
named the John E. Fogarty Public Personnel reducing their availability to other the needs of all our elderly citizens, that
Award as a tribute to the late Congressman Patients., We should eliminate this dif- it is well administered, and that it re-
Fogarty of Rhode Island, As Chairman of the ficulty by providing reimbursement for mains open to essential improvements.
United States House-of Representatives Ap- travel to the patients themselves. In fulfilling that responsibility, let us
propriations ations education, welfare and in labor charge appro- of
he My fourth bill is designed to remedy give these bills the favorable attention
health, bills, Congressman Fogarty was one some of the inadequacies which have be- they deserve.
of the strongest champions of handicapped come apparent in the Nation's nursing
people, giving them hope and encouragement home program. Sixty percent of all
and inspiring others to do more in easing patients in nursing homes across the LOUIS AZRAEL TELLS HOW TO
their load. country are recipients of Federal assist- TALK ABOUT MARYLAND
anae-=some $280 million a year. Yet, we (Mr. FRIEDEL (at the request of Mr.
EXTEND AND -IMPROVE MEDICARE have little assurance that this money is KORNEGAY) was granted permission to
(Mr. ,ROSENTHAL (at the request of efficiently and well spent. extend his remarks at this point in the
VI? (. r. ROSENTHAL
was granted permission quet of Federal medical assistance programs RECORD and to include extraneous
t.3
i1 expend his Y)a aante point the have clearly overemphasized institu- matter.) rem
this ,RD
and to include extraneous tional medical services. The bill calls on Mr. FRIEDEL. Mr. Speaker, all Amer-
matterJ the States to provide home health serv- icans are justly proud of our beautiful
Mt FtOSEN ices where these will fit the patient's city of Washington, the Capital of our
THAL. Mr. Speaker, the needs. Not only will this free much- great Nation. Yet many soCiai security . medicare program has needed space in the nursing homes, but know that the. District of Columbia was
now been in operation for nearly a year. It will be more economical and more a gift of my State of Maryland to the
It is, without doubt, an unqualified suc- responsive to the individual needs of United States as a seat of the Federal
eels: But, as with, any,_ new program, our citizens,
Government.
Approved;For Release 2004/05/25 CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
 Approved For Release 2004/05/25 : CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9
H 7466
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE June 19, 1967
Therefore, it would appear to be ob-
vious that more people should know
something about the Free State, which
is the first State south of the Mason-
Dixon line. Maryland has been a politi-
cal entity for over three centuries and
its capitol-the State House-which is
still in use, was built in 1772, and is
where Gen. George Washington resigned
his commission.
From the days when it was first a
British colony In 1634, to the present,
the State of Maryland has always played
an important role in American history,
in science, culture, education, commerce,
and industry. How then shall we talk of
this place that has produced many truly
great men? What shall we say of its
amazing growth and its vitality? I call
my colleagues' attention to an excel-
lently written article by Louis Azrael en-
titled "How To Talk About Maryland,"
which appeared in the News American
of Baltimore on Sunday, June 18, 1967.
Mr. Azrael, a regular columnist for
that important newspaper, is not only a
gifted writer with a fluent pen, but he
also possesses a keen intellect and in-
cisive mind as evidenced in his daily
column. What he says is always of inter-
est. Under unanimous consent I include
his article about Maryland-America in
miniature-at this point in the REcoRD :
How To TALK ABOUT MARYLAND
(By Louis Azrael~
Before summer ends you'll probably go
somewhere outside Maryland, or you'll talk
with people who visit Maryland, and you'll
be asked questions.
What's your state like, they will ask. Tell
me about it.
The usual response to such questions is to
talk about Maryland's variety, ("America in
Miniature") and the Chesapeake Bay, about
fish and crabs, and sailboats, about Fort Mc-
Henry, and Johns'Hopkins, about Western
Maryland's mountains and the Eastern
Shore's traditions-whatever they may be.
But maybe, at this point, you'll need some
help.
What you tell about your state should de-
pend, of course, on whom you're talking to;
on what interests your hearer.
Is he interested th vital statistics? You can
tell him that Maryland has about 3,700,000
inhabitants and gets 228 more each average
day. And that the state has 6.3 million acres
of land, one-half of which is used for 20,670
farms.
You can say that over 800 Islands, not
counting the hundreds which are less than
ten acres large, lie within Maryland waters.
(Some have amusing names; Pone, Tizzard,
Shelldrake, Tippity-Witchy, etc.)
And you can sadly add that over 300 acres
of Maryland soil disappear every year, washed
-into the waters by erosion which proper
management could greatly reduce.
Is your hearer interested in business? You
can boast that 38 corporations, chartered In
Maryland, are listed on the New York Stock
Exchange. Only eight states have more (Dela-
ware leads with 443) though Maryland ranks
twenty-first in population. And add that
there are 172 banks, which have 516
branches, in the state.
Do you like to use big figures? Tell the
folks that Maryland's state roads cover land
which, at book values, is worth almost two
billion dollars. Or say the state's 5,000 dairy
farms produce 178 million gallons of milk
per year.
You aright 'be able to surprise some per-
004S by dropping the remark that one-
fourth of all Marylanders are involved in the
school system, either as pupils, faculty mem-
bers or service employees ... And that the
biggest transportation system in the state
is the school bus system, which operates al-
most 5,000 buses and two boats.
Is your hearer impressed by "firsts" and
"onlys"? Tell him the oldest railroad station
in the world, which still serves trains, is
on the B. and O. main line at Ellicott City
... And that the biggest water wheel in the
world is near Chesapeake City at the Chesa-
peake and Delaware Canal. Unused now, it
was equipped with huge buckets that scooped
water out of Back Creek and dumped it into
the canal to retain its water level.
You can tell him about the oldest grist
mill in operation in the United States. It
is the Linchester Mill near Preston in Caro-
line County . . . and about the oldest Protes-
tant Church in the United States, which is
Trinity Church near Cambridge ... and about
the first National Cathedral Shrine, a replica
of the shrine at the Grotto of Lourdes, which
Is on a mountain side near Emmitsburg in
Frederick County.
And speaking of "only," you can tell him
that Maryland is the only state in the coun-
try which still has a Motion Picture Censor
Board. (Though it has been shorn of almost
all its power.)
You can talk about strange places. For in-
stance, the Craneville Swamp in Garrett
County. It is freakish because much of its
vegetation and some of its animals are the
kind that should be several hundred miles
north, even as far as Canada.
Somehow, as the Ice Age passed, this
swamp's elevation and drainage facilities cre-
ated a "frost pocket." In that pocket, such
far-north plants as the tamarack, such ani-
mals as the Snowshoe Hare, such birds as the
slate-colored Snowbird, remain and repro-
duce.
You can talk of the wildlife refuge at
Blackwater Park in Dorchester County which
teems, in season, with thousands of ducks
and gees, anci,rare song birds.
(Mr. FRIEDEL (at the request of Mr.
KORNEGAY) was granted permission to
extend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous
matter.)
Mr, FRIEDEL. Mr. Speaker, the eyes
of the world are focused today on the
United Nations General Assembly as it
starts its emergency session to discuss
recent events in the Middle East, at the
request of Soviet Russia.
It is strange indeed for Communist
Russia to charge the small State of Israel
with "aggression" against its Arab neigh-
bors when it is a well known fact that
Russia has backed Nasser for years in her
ambition to destroy Israel. One need only
to review the lineup of forces on both
sides to realize that in numbers, geogra-
phy and resources, the Arabs have a huge
advantage over Israel. It is unrealistic to
believe that Israel, with her population of
2.7 million, would commit aggression
against the Arab countries with a popu-
lation of 54 million.
It is also a fact that the Arabs have
been belligerent for decades and that the
attitude of Russia has been one of hos-
tility toward Israel; that the entire his-
tory of Russia has been one of terror and
aggression.
In the treaty that will eventually be
signed to bring peace to the Middle East,
I submit that Israel must be permitted to
use the Suez Canal, which the United
Nations and the great powers promised
as a condition of the 1957 armistice, but
which the Arabs never allowed.
Israel must also be able to use the Gulf
of Aqaba-an International waterway,
without hinderance. And, in all justice
and fairness, that ancient land which
was reborn 19 years ago shd std not be
required to withdraw from the territory
which is rightly hers.
Because of the timeliness and impor-
tance to the peace of the world in solving
the Middle East situation, I invite my
colleagues' attention to an editorial in the
influential Baltimore Sun entitled "Se-
cure Existence," which appeared on Sun-
day, June 18, 1967. It is as follows:
"SECURE EXISTENCE"
President Johnson's statement at Austin-
"The first and greatest requirement is that
each nation must accept the right of its
neighbors to stable and secure existence"-
starts the United States in the right direc-
tion in the discussion of the Middle East
which now has moved to the United Nations
General Assembly. This is the relevant point.
If it were accepted by Egypt and the other
Arab states, plus the Soviet Union, progress
could be made towards solutions of such
matters as passage through the Gulf of
Aqaba and the Suez Canal, the possible in-
ternationalizing of Jerusalem and the re-
settlement of the Arab refugees.
Israel cannot be expected to pull back its
troops from their present positions-and
least of all to return to the conditions which
prevailed as of June 4-without solid as-
surances that it will not henceforth be com-
pelled to light almost continuously for its
existence against states pledged to its de-
struction. Assurances of this kind must come
from its Arab state neighbors, but the two
big powers, the United States and the Soviet
Union, can do much to help guide develop-
ments in that direction.
President Johnson's point should be fol-
lowed up, and amplified, in the General As-
sembly on Monday. A restrained, forward-
looking position by the United States would
put us on the right side in the United Na-
tions debate. Moreover, it would help to ex-
pose the weakness of the Soviet Union's
position if, as thus far indicated, the big
Russian delegation came to this country pri-
marily to put on a propaganda show against
Israel and the United States.
ELEMENTS OF CONFLICT BETWEEN
THE SEC PROPOSALS AND THE
GOVERNMENT'S SOCIAL PHILOS-
OPHY
(Mr. HEBERT (at the request of Mr.
KORNEGAY) was granted permission to
extend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. HEBERT. Mr. Speaker, at the re-
quest of Mr. Philip F. Hack, of New Or-
leans, La., I am calling to your attention
the following article by one of his asso-
ciates, Mr. Robert B. Lacoste:
ELEMENTS OF CONFLICT BETWEEN THE SEC
PROPOSALS AND THE GOVERNMENT'S SOCIAL
PHILOSOPHY
Analysis of the NASD Study undertaken
by Booz-Allen Applied Research, Inc., cover-
ing the probable effect of implementing pro-
posals of the SEC in its report to the Con-
gress, entitled Public Policy Implications o/
Investment Company Growth, calling for
legislative and other action, reveals that the
proposals would bring about effects directly
opposed to the main thrust of the Govern-
ment's Intervention in American Business
and industry over the past several decades.
A juxtapositton of the elements in this
pattern of cross-currents will serve to bring
out this contradiction:
1. Bigness, tending toward monopoly, has
been fought by the Government under anti-
Approved For Release 2004/05/25 CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300002-9