VIETNAM MONEY SUPPORT INADEQUATE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP67B00446R000300180004-6
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 6, 2003
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: July 15, 1965
• Content Type: OPEN

July 15, 19 proved For R IQ)NILMDPBfl$ X00300180004-6 16431
Guam and Puerto Rico were awarded as a the new Congress of Micronesia. My meat assumed the administrative responsi-
result of that sane war with Spain. side of the aisle is represented by the bility for an area about as large as the con-
The Trust Territories of the Pacific, here, tinental United States, an area comprising
Honorable ROCERS C. B. MORTON, the some 2,100 islands spread across approxi-
mately 3 million square miles of ocean. AI-
Sitty held in Council trust of the an United agreement Nations with the since other side by the Honorable N. NEIMAN
Se ecurri
1947. CRALEY, Jr. I am proud that our House though the inhabited land mass was con-
The philosophy of the American Govern- of Representatives is so well represented siderably less than our smallest State, Rhode
ment has 'been to give a large degree of self- at this newest of all the world's parlia- Island, more than 2,400 miles and at least
government, autonomy, even Independence. mentary bodies and I am glad that I, nine indigenous languages separated the
Two of these overseas territories have been even at this great distance, should have peoples and communities of the.trust terri-
admitted as equal states; namely, Hawaii and this opportunity to welcome the Micro- tory.
Alaska, in 1959. The Philippines were prom- nesian Congress to the ranks of those If the site upon which to build a Micro-
ised and received complete independence in nesian house of government offered prob-
bodies throughout the world in which lems of cohesiveness and communications,
self-governing icoovea Island, n , yet l inn the voice of the people is heard. then these problems had to be overcome by
in 1952, a uerto Rico
matters s of defense and d foreign iign slandd, relations re- To these remarks, Mr. Speaker, I want sound architecural planning and a care-
sponsible to the United States. The peoples to append the address which the gen- fully laid foundation.
of Puerto- 1'tico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, tleman from Maryland [Mr. MORTON] Twelve,years ago, at a meeting at Truk,
and many in the Canal Zone have been'made is giving to the assembled representatives island leaders from the Mariannas, the Mar-
citizens of the United States. shalls and the Carolines decided to move
Developing self-government, aiding and of the Micronesian people. It is full of slowly and cautiously in establishing a ter-
encouraging the improvement of living con- good sense and sound advice which all ritorial legislature for Micronesia. They
ditions, education, health, the economy, re of us can take to heart. One paragraph were determined to avoid what one observer
main the objectives of the American Gov- in particular has caught my attention: called elements of disastrous friction which
ernment in the islands and territories under As an elected official of your own par- might result from premature, actions. A
its administration. titular district, you have the responsibility second conference in 1957 led to the setting
In essence the plan of government outlined to represent the interests of friends and up of an Inter-District Advisory Council
in 1787 has been pursued in all of these neighbors with whom you share a common which met for 1 week each year.
areas. The kind of government, the Idea of background and tradition. But you also By 1959, district congresses were in oper-
stages of government, self-government, grad represent the overriding interests of many ation in Ponape, Palau, Truk, and the Mar-
ual representation by the people them- individuals whom you have never met, of shalls and many of the other islands had
selves-these are the principles deriving from communities you have never visited, of established elective municipal councils. In
the Ordinance of 1787. James Otis' asser- islands you have never seen. In short you spite of the obstacles of distance and dif-
tion that "taxation without representation represent the public interest, and your sue- ferences, you were showing the United
Is tyranny" has been acknowledged in Amer- cess as a legislator will depend in no small States, and world, that you believe deeply
scan administration of these lands. degree on how well you are able to blend the in the principles of responsible self-govern-
Observing modern history one must no- needs of your community with the needs of ment and that you would leave no stone
tics, two forces that have met and clashed all Micronesia. unturned to reach this objective.
in the decades since World War H. Na- The Advisory Council of Micronesia,
tional self-determination and imperialism This admonition is one that all of us, whose members had originally been sp-missioner, worked
are incompatible objectives. The far-flung Whether on Saipan or in Washington or pointed
an n elective the Higsystem h Com based upon local
colonial empires have eroded and are fast New Delhi or Lima must constantly keep , and opucal
were legislative provided for organs, 16p The
elections district
disappearing. Benjamin Disraeli's plea in in mind. So are many other points and
the 1870's fr an "imperial country" rather made by Congressman MORTON which I next step was careful study to set up a
than a "comfortable England" would fall shall not take the time to repeat. Let truly legislative system with authentic
today upon deaf ears. Nor would any col-
onies agree with the Greek Pericles that me merely say that I recommend study powers to levy taxes and to participate in
"to be within the circle of our influence is of the entire statement to my colleagues: the formulation of the budget.
not dependence but privilege. ADDRESS OF CONGRESSMAN ROGERS C. B. MoR- The immediate result of this painstaking
American sympathy rests with these TON, REPUBLICAN OF MARYLAND, PREPARED labor, and the close cooperation of the U.S.
emerging natibns; our relations with those FOR DELIVERY AT THE CONVENING OF THE 1ST Government and your island leaders is the
living under our flag evidences this fact. SESSION OF THE CONGRESS OF MICRONESIA, opening of the first Micronesian Congress
With Thomas Jefferson we believe that "The AT SAIPAN, UNITED NATIONS TRUST TERRI- which we celebrate today. The long range
God who gave us life, gave us liberty at the TORY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS, JULY 12, 1965 result will involve no less than the efforts
same time." We believe, moreover, that this Congressman CRALEY, High Commissioner of the past, and no less than the best of
applies to all 'men. Goding, Secretary Carver, members of the each of you assembled here at Saipan are
Acutely aware of a new imperialism, pres- First Micronesian Congress and distin- able to give for the future.
For I am convinced that no grand politi-
ent in today's world, President John F. Ken- guished guests, I am deeply -honored and cal design, no instant economic windfall-
nedy in a July 4 address in 1962 observed proud to have been chosen to speak on this none of these will do as much to chart a
that: "If there is a single issue that divides momentous occasion which is such an im- course of success and prosperity for Micro-
the world today, it is independence * * *. " portent milestone in the long and noble nesia as will your constant diligence and
The attitude of the United States toward history of representative government. imagination as elected legislators.
this denial of freedom must be and is con-
t with I come bearing the greetings and con- It is in your hands to develop an effec-
toreoour tffirmatear of man's ros- gratulations of the U.S. House of Repre- tive governmental operation to serve the
-id fent reedom Kennedy almost reaffir200myed: ears ago. As Pres- sentatives, the Speaker of the House, and widespread interests of your widespread
d the minority leader. This legislative body constituents. it is in your hands to forge
"And today this Nation-conceived in was established under the provisions of our a Micronesian identity from among the
revolution, nurtured in liberty, maturing in Constitution in 1789. many diverse peoples who have placed their
in Its l e d whip no intention o abdicat- The development of a legislative system, trust in each of you. It is in your hands if
mggits ors Independence that to worl any dwi de nation n or or in which the needs, aspirations and inalien- a sprinkling of tiny islands in the world's
ment for ittp nd able rights of all people can be served, is an largest ocean are to be welded into a mean-
peesressiycommitted to systematic human op- arduous and complicated process even ingful unit of order and well-being.
p t as the under the best . of circumstances. As in Thus as a member of this historic First
Just t made the the Aes the pe, building a house, one must carefully select Congress, you will be judged not only ss
theeimen made e United ay the c a site, prepare an architectural plan and lay legislator taking part in the planning and
the model of the he world, so may the success ss a r
ment of foundation. drafting of the rules and regulations that
of this community in the new world my When these preliminary steps are over- will affect all Micronesians for many years to Pacific community er cooperation with h my looked, or, in the eagerness to present an come; you will be graded also on your ability
Government, register another victory for impressive facade, they are carelessly con- to cope with everyday problems, as well as
government the people, for the idea sidered, then it is only a matter of time be- your vision of distant goals and aspirations.
popular government. The people of the e fore the structure will fall before the forces You will make your mark not just for the
United States welcome you to that com- of wind and water. So it is with men and appearance of your name on major legisla-
prosp osperierity, for fosters its peoplesreedom,. the institutions of government they build. tion, but also for your behind-the-scenes
encourages es pea c natie, ions
We ask that, you join with us in this con- The preparations for representative gov- efforts in committees where the real fruits
tinuing endeavor to elevate mankind, to ac- ernment and a legislative system for the Of all congresses are planted.
quire and preserve the heritage of dignity trust territory have been underway for As an elected official of your own particu-
and, well-being which is man's to claim and nearly.20 years. I believe it is fitting, and lar district, you have the responsibility ':O
possess` in cooperation with one another. indeed important, that we take a moment represent the interests of friends and neigh-
during these early proceedings to examine hors with whom you share a common back-
Mr. SAYLOR. Mr. Speaker, two a few of the preliminary steps in the build- ground and tradition. But you also repre-
Members of this House are on Saipan ing of the Congress of Micronesia. sent the overriding interests of many indi-
this week attending the first meetings of As a result of World War II, my Govern- viduals whom you have never met, of com-
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munities you have never visited, of islands You are telling all who would listen that must not be permitted to so deplete active
you have never seen. In short you represent your people are determined to face the future forces inventory as to impair the readiness
the public interest, and your success as a as free men and women. You are commit- of our forces not committed to Vietnam.
legislator will depend in no small degree on ting your people to a form of government Our forces no matter where they are located,
how well you are able to blend the needs of that has offered these who would accept its must be sufficiently equipped to respond to
your community with the needs of all challenge more of the blessings of liberty any emergency. Reserve stocks are for the
Micronesia. than any other system yet devised by the purpose of having available a sufficient in-
If then, members of this initial Congress mind of man. ventory to take care of the unknown and un-
are legislators and public servants, then too You are charting a course for this island predictable events that could occur all over
they must function as educators as well. complex that can only lead to individual the world. The Dominican Republic is a
For the full meaning of representative Gov- achievement and community development. recent example.
ernment can only be realized when the great In this task, you will have the wholehearted
majority of citizens come to know and under- support and admiration of the Congress of It is particularly significant that a re-
stand the workings of a democratic system. the United States. We applaud your action, view of the Housedebate on the defense
As this is the first session of the territorial and await with confidence your accomplish- appropriation bill would clearly show
Congress. your work in the ediinstinri 1 flail me-+-
have been studying parliamentary proce- J vf~~YJthe contrary, it was largely substantiated.
dures and other congressional functions VIETN U ORT The only item which was introduced dur-
under the able guidance of your legislative INADEQUATE ins the debate in an attempt to answer
counsel, Dr. Robbins. the charge was a letter written by Sec-
This is an important beginning if your (Mr. LIPSCOMB asked and was given retary of Defense McNamara June 9,
assembly is to make the most of its short permission to extend his remarks at this 1965. Rather than deny the correctness
session, and is to undertake the task of point iii the RECORD and to include ex- of the position, however, the letter serves
preparing a realistic annual legislative pro- traneous matter.) to reinforce it.
gram. But just as important will be the Mr. LIPSCOMB. Mr. Speaker, the in-
steps you initiate to inform your constitu- I sua i, Mr. Speaker, that the es ca-
steps of the programs under consideration creasingiy heavy defense expenditures in lated activities es in n Vietnam are in sig-
ents the differing views of your fellow Con- support of the action in Vietnam and our nificant amounts and that additional
gressmen on local and territorial issues. worldwide commitments demand that equipment and replacements are re-
So add to your growing list of responsibili- the President and Congress act immedi- quired. Secretary McNamara claims
ties that of communicator. During those ately to provide adequate funds to carry that he has sufficient flexibility through
periods when the Congress is in session, and out U.S. policies successfully. such means as emergency funds and
at other times when you gather for com- When the fiscal year 1966 Defense transfer authority to cover any im-
mittee meetings, make every effort to be in
contact appropriation bill came up in the House mediate needs. Based upon existing pro-
all avail aailable with your communications tins facilities. mail and and With h
of Representatives on June 23, 1965, deep cedures the Department of Defense does
hundreds of islands separated by thousands concern was expressed over the fact that have the ability to use emergency funds
of miles of water, the power of a personal there is Insufficient funding in the budget and transfers from other programs, but
letter should not be underestimated. to support the escalated action in these procedures are intended to be used
After a lengthy congressional meeting, sit Vietnam. for emergency situations which werenot
down with the notes of the day's events, put Subsequent events have served to un- known at the time of a budget request,
them in readable and understandable form, derscore the urgency of the situation and or when Congress is not in session. Cer-
and send them off to an island leader in your
home district with instructions to give your the importance of acting now to provide tainly the situation in Vietnam and the
summary the widest possible dissemination. the necessary funding. readiness condition of our other units
I think you will find the results worthwhile, Here are some of the major events that are sufficiently known so that they can
not only for your new Congress, but for your have and are happening which largely be provided for in the fiscal year 1966
personal political careers as well. were not taken into consideration by the budget, on which final action is still
Under the terms of the order establishing Defense Department in the budget pending in Congress. To use the means
the First Micronesian Congress, the legisla- request: indicated by the Secretary of Defense
tore will be in session for a 1--month period
each year. It is likely that your various Significant increases in manpower are would be a misuse of the authority
committees will be meeting at other times, being committed to South Vietnam; granted by Congress.
in other places, according to the need for Large increases in equipment and com- Secretary McNamara has indicated,
additional legislative preparation. bat consumables are required to support and properly so, that he has given top
I cannot stress too strongly that the re- the escalated effort; priority tothe needs of Vietnam. But to
sponsibilities of government will not dis- An increase in air and surface trans- accomplish this, equipment and stocks
appear with the end of your meeting here at portation is required to move both men have been taken from other units and
Saipanthis month, but they will follow each and material;
and every member of this assembly as he evidence is accumulating that such units
returns to family, job, and community. The Replacement of stocks and equipment are falling below their authorized needs.
role of legislator, of public servant, of to those units from which they have In simple words, we are robbing Peter
educator, and of communicator, will weigh been taken is needed; to pay Paul,
upon your shoulders as you assume your Replacement is needed of reserve A clear-cut example is a decision which
normal duties at home. stocks as rapidly as possible so that we was at the request of the Chief of Staff,
But it is a weight that all freemen must
bear, and one that gives the upright in may be prepared for other eventualities; USAF, to transfer, since January 1965,
character and proud in spirit a new strength There is an increase in combat pay 20 RB-57 jet aircraft from 5 Air Na-
for the problems that lie ahead. The very which was unprogramed; tional Guard units throughout the coun-
fact that this is your first congressional ses- An airmobile division is to be created try and place them in the Active Air
sion underscores the inevitable struggles and and its anticipated deployment to South Force inventory for Vietnam. This ac-
obstacles that must be faced in the future Vietnam, all of which was unprogramed. tion has resulted in the Air National
if the concept of self-government is to en-
dure. During the floor debate on June 23, Guard being under authorized strength
In the earliest days of the United States 1965,1 stated: for this component. These aircraft must
of America, that very name was held up to The fiscal year 1966 budget contains insuffi- be replaced. The production line for the
scorn and ridicule because our Nation's lead- cient funding for the Vietnamese effort. The RB-57 has been closed, and if some other
ers were unable, or unwilling, to submerge President has made certain policy decisions aircraft is substituted, that in turn
their local interests for the common good. affecting our position and commitments in would probably require replacement.
There were those who said our young Govern- Vietnam. This commitment includes the No provision for this type of action has
ment would not find its way out of a wilder- large-scale introductions of American per- been specifically included in the budget.
ness of petty strife and costly bickering that sonnel and equipment. The decisions to
had produced bitter division and runaway commit American lives and American prestige In another instance, the Army had
debt. must be backed up and supported with the recommended a production rate of the
It was only through the selfless delibera- appropriations necessary to carry them out UH-1B & D Iroquois helicopters at 75 a
tions and actions of leaders not unlike this successfully. month. Secretary McNamara reduced
group assembled here today that the United this request to 60 a month. It has now
States of America was able to pull itself to- This concern, however, related not just been reported that the production rate
gether, bind its wounds and face the future. to Vietnam but to other areas as well, as Again, these addi-
There for many years, a bleak future it was. I stated: has been raised to 70.
There is a real and deep significance in this It is also of serious concern that equip- tional costs are not covered in the fiscal
first meeting of the Congress of Micronesia. ment and material priorities for Vietnam year 1966 budget.
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July 15, 1 roved For Rel'
For, the fiscal year 1965, the Army "re
quest for procurement of ammunition
was $408 million. In fiscal year 1966, in
spite of Vietnam, the request for
ammunition was $344.9 million. Even
though` the fiscal year 1965budget re--
quest for ammunition was made on the
basis of real need for both current usage
and to provide an adequate level of
stocks, during the hearings it was
brought out that only $272 million would
be spent. This type of action has oc-
curred in previous years. - Such large
differences between what. is requested
and what is finally spent raises serious
questions as to what our actual stock
level is relative to ammunition:
Obviously this is a vital area and the
current degree of action in Vietnam
clearly dictates a high level of consump-
tion. It has been reported that con-
sumption of ammunition in Vietnam has
quadrupled.
A related area is spare parts and main-
tenance. During the course of the De-
fense appropriation hearings, the Navy
stated that the budget for the replenish-
ment of spare parts is tight primarily
due to stricter guidelines which were im-
posed on them. A principal Navy wit-
ness stated:
We will make every effort to operate with
this level, but we are concerned and will
have to watch very carefully any effect upon
our ability to meet expanded requirements
If those should come about as a result of
the sputhgast A$ia operations in concern of
the very long supply lines in that area.
Certainly the problem of combat pay
is particularly important, far beyond the
basic fiscal considerations. The Depart-
ment of Defense issued a directive, No.
134Q.6, on June 2, 1965, concerning the
eligibility of military personnel to receive
special "combat pay" for those subject to
hostile fire.
. Under the previous special pay policy;
about one-fourth of the military per-
sonnel serving in South Vietnam have
been receiving hostile-fire payments
monthly. Under this new modified pol-
icy, all U.S. military personnel serving
in South Vietnam will be eligible for the
special pay, unless certain areas are ex-
cepted by the unified co4nmander. This
new policy is completely warranted
under existing conditions and if any-
thing is overdue. In any event, this di-
rective creates an increase. in personnel
pay amounting to many millions of
dollars, which was unprogramed and
therefore not covered in the budget. We
have been constantly told this is an ex-
treinely tight budget, and in the area of
pay there is not the flexibility as in
other parts of the budget.
Other items that further illustrate the
inadequacy of the fiscal year 1966
budget, as they were either not pro-
gramed or budgeted at the presently
planned level include:
The decision to significantly increase
ground troops in South Vietnam.
The Navy, it has been reported, has
been spread thin, with the 7th Fleet
now employing four and at times five
-aircraft carriers off Vietnam and adding
a new naval patrol command off the
South Vietnamese coast,
It ha:: been further reported that sur-
face shipments of material have
mounted to 125,000 tons a month, , while
air shipments have reached a record
35,000 tons a month. Imports of petro-
leum products have increased to 500,000
barrels a month.
Also reported Is the probability that
the new 1st Calvary "airmobile" divi-
sion will go to Vietnam. This is a new
concept for which tests had recently been
completed. The division will be larger
than a normal Army division, having
close to 16,000 men and will contain in-
creased air capability particularly heli-
copters for quick mobility. There were
no plans in the fiscal year 1966 budget
to create such a division, much less to
deploy it Into active combat in Vietnam.
It has now also been reported that there
is a distinct possibility that a second
"airmobile" division will be created.
This too was unplanned.
It is a fact that we are carrying out
added activities and that they must be
funded. This should be accomplished in
a timely, reasonable manner, completely
in keeping with the right of Congress
and the public to know how much is
being spent, when it is being spent, and
for what purpose.
Considering the international situa-
tion, we must be in a secure position mil-
itarily. This includes having an ade-
quate budget which will provide for the
current defense needs and equally im-
portant, future emergencies. Adequate
money and adequate equipment must be
provided for every unit at a proper level
according to the table of organization
and priority position. We have consist-
ently been told the fiscal year 1966 de-
fense budget is a tight budget. Any
budget manipulations to solve the prob-
lems mentioned here must therefore have
serious effects upon other programs un-
less additional funds are provided. This
must not be allowed to happen. For-
tunately we have an opportunity to cor-
rect this situation and maintain our high
level of strength which now exists. The
fiscal year 1966 Defense appropriation
bill has not cleared the Congress and
therefore the President can revise the
defense budget, or submit a supplemental
request Immediately.
If this is not done, it will not merely
be a question of having available ade-
quate funds, but the additional question
must then be raised as to what is this
administration's approach to military
preparedness.
THE TRADITIONAL AMERICAN
.SPIRIT
(Mr. MARTIN of Alabama asked and
was given permission to address the
House for 1 minute; to revise and ex-
tend his remarks and to include extra-
neous matter.)
Mr. MARTIN of Alabama. Mr.
Speaker, today I received a copy of a
letter directed to a Member of the other
body. The message it contained is so
much needed today and so exemplifies
the spirit of the true American char-
acter, that I would like to share a part
of this letter with you. It was written
by Mrs. Eva M. Harmon of Birming-
ham, Ala., and contains this message of
courage and indomitable spirit. I in-
clude this excerpt from Mrs. Harmon's
letter as a part of these remarks:
16433
When i read of the rent subsidy proposal,
I did not write. I thought no Alabamian,
no southerner would support it. But I see
by our local papers that you did.
You mention housing for a number of
groups. What I want to know is, when is
the Federal Government going to quit put-
ting a premium on so-called poverty? How
many of our poverty stricken people will
want to try to better themselves if the
Government will do it for them, with no
effort on their part?
You spoke of the handicapped. That is
not exactly a foreign word to me. At 10
months of age I had polio which left me
handicapped, if you choose to call it that;
at least it left me lame.
When I was old enough to leave home and
go out on my own, I chose a work that would
be a real challenge to me-I wanted to be a
linotype operator in a newspaper office. At
that time that was a man's job; in the past
few years with more modern equipment, more
women are employed. When I went to Nash-
ville, Tenn., for training, the instructor tried
in every way possible to persuade me to take
another course, even holding me up to ridi-
cule before the entire class when I made an
error. Finally, at graduation time, he apolo-
gized to me before the class.
I say all that to say this: What's wrong
with people working and taking care of them-
selves without the Federal Government step-
ping in with a handout? There is a principle
involved here, and I would like to see us get
back to that good old American spirit of
independence.
I have always felt that it was my inalien-
able right to work and take care of myself,
and with God's help I have done it. I had to
work hard, I had to be better in my job than
the men. And now at 64 I think I still am.
I have always enjoyed my work, and the
fruits of my work. Last December I fulfilled
a life-long ambition-I toured the Holy
Land, going with a Billy Graham group.
You say you have always voted for the aid
programs and always will. Well, I just want
to say I feel sorry for the people who will be
denied the sasitfaction in their lives that I
have enjoyed.
Mr. Speaker, for this message from
Mrs. Harmon, I say, "God bless her," and
I express my deep thanks for giving us
a message that should go to the heart of
every liberty-loving American.
YOUNG PEOPLE OF THE KEY CLUBS
OF THE UNITED STATES AND
CANADA
(Mr. DUNCAN of Tennessee asked and
was given permission to address the
House for 1 minute and to revise and
extend his remarks.)
Mr. DUNCAN of Tennessee. Mr.
Speaker, I would like to give special rec-
ognition today to the young people of the
Key Clubs of the United States and
Canada.
These high school clubs sponsored
by Kiwanis International are render-
ing valuable service to communities
throughout our land.
I know that my colleagues would like
to join me in welcoming these young peo-
ple to Washington, and I especially wel-
come almost 100 Key Club members
from Knoxville, Tenn.
BETTS FINDS TAFT GRAVE ALMOST
FORGOTTEN
(Mr. BETTS asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his
remarks.)
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Mr. BETTS. Mr. Speaker, as you
know, an Honor Guard is on duty at
Arlington Cemetery in part to assist the
many visitors who come there. It was
disappointing to learn that some of the
Honor Guards do not know that Presi-
dent William Howard Taft is buried
there nor the general location of his
grave.
At several entrances to the cemetery
large maps have been erected to guide
visitors to particular points of interest.
These maps list the Tomb of the Un-
known Soldier, the Superintendent's Of-
flee, Custis Lee Mansion, and President
Kennedy's grave. Certainly the location
of the graves of President and Mrs. Taft
should be on such maps.
Various trails have been established
for visitors to follow in touring the
cemetery and there are a number of
signs pointing only to the Tomb of the
Unknown Soldier and the Kennedy
gravesite. To my knowledge, nowhere
in the cemetery is there any official rec-
ognition of the Taft grave.
If one finds the Taft grave and marker
he is Immediately struck by the fact that
the grounds surrounding it are not well
kept, patches of grass are burned and
the area needs to be raked and watere(L
Perhaps a stone walkway up the hill to
the grave would be in order and a small
sign at the roadway pointing to the grave.
This seems to the minimum attention
that could be shown to a former Presi-
dent of the United States. I would hope
that such a proposal would be considered
by those having responsibility at the
cemetery.
THE LATE HONORABLE ADLAI
STEVENSON
(Mr. REID of New York asked and was
given permission to address the House for
1 minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. REID of New York. Mr. Speaker,
I believe that all Americans; indeed peo-
ple throughout the free world and all
Members in this House were deeply sad-
dened at the tragic and sudden death of
Adlai Stevenson in London yesterday.
Mr. Speaker, Governor Stevenson died
in the service of his country upholding
the best Interests of the United States
and the United Nations; man's best hope
for peace.
Mr. Speaker, his warm and enduring
concern for the rights of man and for all
these who are oppressed wherever they
might be, and his eloquent voice on be-
half of collective security and peace
throughout the world, distinguished the
efforts of the United Nations and will en-
dure for many years to come.
Governor Stevenson was a man of
principle and of wit, a moving force for
social and economic progress in our
country, a voice of conscience at home
and aboard, and a statesman who will be
deeply missed in the councils of the na-
tions of the world.
Mr. Speaker, I join with every Mem-
ber In this House in extending our deep-
est sympathy to the members of his
family.
We shall not see his like again.
"IT'S WHAT'S HAPPENING. BABY"-
DISGRACEFUL AND DIGUSTING
(Mr. BUCHANAN asked and was given
permission to address the. House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. BUCHANAN. Mr. Speaker, over
2 weeks ago the CBS television network
presented a 90-minute program entitled
"It's What's Happening, Baby.- I have
received letters, as I am sure many of my
colleagues have, protesting against the
contents of the program. "Disgraceful"
and "disgusting" are two words which are
repeated again and again in these letters
of protest.
It would appear that no Federal funds
in any significant amount were expended
on this program. The great part of the
program was devoted to what passes for
entertainment these days in some quar-
ters.
What concerns me is that the Federal
Government apparently believes it must
resort to this sort of perverted communi-
cations because otherwise it would not be
listened to by the Nation's young people.
Mr. Speaker, I refuse to believe that
this is the only way to communicate with
teenagers, even with dropouts. Certain-
ly, they are capable of understanding
something more than the wafflings of
"The Cannibals," and "The Headhunt-
ers," two groups who cavorted about the
stage that night.
As I understand it, one purpose of the
OEO is to improve, to raise the standards
of the young. Well, you do not improve
someone by pandering to his base in-
stincts and by using the lowest possible
denominator.
Mr. Speaker, the commercials during
the program urged the listeners to write
to "New Chance, Washington." I suggest
that unless the Office of Economic Op-
portunity and Mr. Shriver and his aids
reexamine their basic approach, it may
be "Last Chance, Washington," to which
the American people will be writing.
We have one last chance, Mr. Speaker,
to help these young by appealing to the
best in them-not the worst; by Inspiring
them, not entertaining them; by stretch-
ing their minds and spirits, not numbing
them. I, for one, refuse to accept the
notion that the best way to communicate
with young Americans is through African
tribal rhythms. It happened once. It
should not happen again.
GALLAGHER INTRODUCES LEGISLA-
TION TO VIRTUALLY ABOLISH
THE USE OF "LIE DETECTORS" BY
FEDERAL AGENCIES
(Mr. GALLAGHER asked and was giv-
en permission to address the House for
1 minute with reference to a bill which
he has introduced on prohibiting lie de-
tector tests.)
Mr. GALLAGHER. Mr. Speaker, I am
today introducing legislation which
would, In practical effect, prohibit the
use of polygraph machines-the so-
called he detector-by all agencies of, the
Federal Government. The only excep-
tion would be in rare cases where there
was extraordinary necessity to use such
a device in protecting the national in-
terest of the United States. Frankly, I
doubt if these cases really exist or ever
would exist. But the authority would be
available in any event.
It was more than 2 years ago that I
requested the distinguished chairman of
he House Committee on Government Op-
erations [Mr. DAwsox], the gentleman
from Illinois, to look into this practice.
He responded immediately and directed
the Foreign Operations and Government
Information Subcommittee to sturdy this
matter. The subcommittee, under the
able leadership of the gentleman from
California [Mr. Moss], has done an ex-
cellent job and is continuing to do so.
In its report Issued March 22, 1965, the
committee came to this conclusion on its
very first page. Allow me to quote it to
Members of the House:
There is no "lie detector," neither machine
nor human. People have been deceived by a
myth that a metal box in the hands of
an investigator can detect truth or false-
hood.
Mr. Speaker, the committee found that
the Federal Government has fostered
this myth by spending millions of dollars
on polygraph machines and on salaries
for hundreds of Federal investigators to
give thousands of polygraph examina-
tions. Yet research completed so far has
failed to prove that polygraph interroga-
tion actually detects lies or determines
guilt or innocence.
In addition, the committee found that
the overwhelming majority of Federal
investigators who operate polygraphs
have neither the qualifications nor the
training for their work. Most Federal
agencies had such weak controls over
the use of polygraphs that these opera-
tors were permitted to give examinations
without top-level agency approval.
Individuals under interrogation are
persuaded to disclose past indiscretions,
and investigators often ignore the so-
called voluntary nature of the examina-
tion by noting in Government files any
refusal to submit to the polygraph test.
Compounding the injustice of these
practices are the two-way mirrors and
hidden microphones In these Federal star
chambers.
The committee further found that
Federal investigators rely on these ex-
aminations for everything from top
security matters to minor pilfering cases.
Thus, in the words of the committee's
report:
The polygraph examination has become a
crutch in too many cases, replacing proven
procedures of criminal investigation and
serving as a weak link in our security system.
Testimony before the subcommittee
showed that the Federal Bureau of In-
vestigation does not consider the poly-
graph precise enough for screening its
own personnel and job applicants. Yet,
other Government agencies and a num-
ber of private industries use It for just
that purpose.
The committee's main recommenda-
tion, in my opinion, was that the Fed-
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15,
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This is.a logical and reasonable solu-
tion of our problem. The vast majority
of countries in the world today produce
ooii s w lch are not related to the actual
'v jue ct tiie piece itself, but derive their
Ah1e frpm, the credit of the Govern-
ment which issues them. In this respect,
they, are similar to paper money which
constitutes a promise to pay rather than
embodying any value itself.
I support the solution recommended by
the committee In this bill. -I believe that
we are meetip.g a modern problem with
modern means and that there will be no
damaging effects on the commerce or
credit of the United States. I will vote
for this bill and I hope that it will pass.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
of
'HON..JEFFERY COHELAN
Thursday, July 15, 1965
Mr. CQHEL,AN. Mr. Speaker, the New
York Times, in its lead editorial of July
14, has presented both a thoughtful and
a sobering evaluation of the war in Viet-
nam.
l cgminend it to our colleagues for
their attention:
President Johnsen has confirmed what
most people realize-that the United States
is faced with"new and serious, decisions.." in
meeting the challenge of Vietnam. Although
it is still not officially acknowledged, the
ITnited,~;tates is fighting a land war of stead-
fly growing' proportions in Asia. This is a
momentous development In American history
and it should be treated as such and not as
a minor and soon-to-be-ended expedition to
advise and i olrter,the Saigon government,
A major effort, of great cost in men, money,
and ,,materiel, stretching over a period of
years, is now in sight. If North Vietnam and
her Communist Chinese backer should give
In after this monsoon or the next one, there
will he reason fqr rejoicing; but this Is not to
be expected. As a Times correspondent writes
from Saigon, the South Vietnamese are close
to, the point where they will be unable to
carry on as the major fighting force.
Until now this has been, largely a war of
Vietnamese against Vietnamese. The general
who ,commanded the Vietmi}3h against the
k'renCh-I' guyen Giap is commanding the
Vietcong, and his tactics are proving as sue-
cessfui today as they were then. They are
the salve guerrilla tactics that Mao Tse-tung
-.used In defeating Chiang Kai-shek.
:However, the United States is not going to
be_worn down-and pushed out of Vietnam
.as ,the French, were.., France., could not com-
lnit the men, lanes, ships, and materiel
wh1q ,, tI United States possesses in un-
limifted, quantities. At the same time 1_t is
folly to send American troops to meet Viet-
coll'g"gderrillas on their own terms in their
chosen territory, far from their bases in tropi-
cal jungles. Furthermore, a perennially
shaky government in Saigon and poor Viet-
nainese.Dill itary leadership at the top make a
weak Ilsckstop. There is always the possibil-
itythat a future governmeiitin Saigon might
as the ,Americans toleave; thu's ending the
to al'basis for the American presence; but at
least this is one' problem that does not have
to be faced now.
At matters stand, the United States Is pre-
sented with some difficult alternatives. One
is to establish. a series of unconquerable
beachheads along the coast and a perimeter
around Saigon, and then hold on until the
situation changes and negotiations on hon-
orable terms become possible. Another,
which in our view would constitute a dis-
astrous e'scalat'ion, would be tocarry'the war
farther and more heavily into North Viet-
nam, with the strong possibility of directly
involving Communist China, not to mention
the Soviet Union. Another, equally disas-
trous, faut. ior.,differerit :TeaBOrls, would, be a
decision to get out now-an obviously un-
acceptable move under present circum-
stances.
There are of course still other. alternatives;
but of all these unpleasant choices, the best
seems to be to dig in at a number of coastal
strong points where the overwhelming Amer-
ican naval and air superiority would be used
defensively and with great effect. This may
in fact be shaping up as the American strat-
egy; but if sb the American people should be
prepared. Corigreissought to be asked more
definitively to face the fact that the country
really is at war, and to take a greater burden
of responsibility. The congressional declara-
Von of last.sun.mer,and,the,$700,miilion_au-
thorization-for Vietnagi seem almost irrele-
vant at this stage.
Vietnam is a different kind of war from
Korea but it is a war, one that the Nation
must recognize as such; and it Is time to say
so.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. CLARENCE D. LONG
OF MARYLAND
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, July 15, 1965
Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker,
a routine report by the Maryland State
Police states that of the 37 persons in-
jured in highway accidents in 1 week,
28 could have been saved from serious
injury by the use of seat belts.
The Community News, of Reisterstown,
Md., published the summary of the re-
port without comment. The statement
of Colonel Jarman, superintendent of
State police, whose men investigate
these accidents, is commentary enough.
Colonel Jarman said:
It is hard to understand the reluctance of
the motorist to use seat belts.
I include the story from the Commu-
nity News in the interest of further
motorist education:
.FEW MOTORISTS USE SEAT BELTS
Last week the Maryland State police in-
vestigated 20 serious highway accidents in
which 3 persons were killed and 37 Injured.
The investigators are of the opinion that the
seriousness of the injuries would have been
lessened in 28 of the 40 cases, if seat belts
had been in use.
In only-1 of the 40 seats occupied by the
persons killed or injured were seat belts
a'eaiiable. In* only two of these cases were
they actually in use.
"In the_ light of the proven lifesaving
capability of seat belts," 'commented Col.
Carey Jarman, superintendent of the State
police, "it is hard to understand the re-
luctance of the motorist to use them. I sup-
pose a part of this reluctance is due to an
attitude of "take a chance, it won't happen
tome."'
A3805
"The State trooper," continued the su-
perintendent, "wants no part of this gamble
with his life. He knows the value of seat
belts and he always buckles up before he
starts."
Voting Rights Act of 1965
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON., GEORGE HANSEN
OF IDAHO
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, July 15, 1965
Mr. HANSEN of Idaho. Mr. Speak-
er, under leave for all Members to ex-
tend their remarks on the Voting Rights
Act of 1965, I wish to commend those
who, acting in good faith, were not
stampeded into supporting a measure
which I consider to contain undesirable,
unnecessary, and unconstitutional pro-
'visions-and which discriminates not
only against certain geographical areas,
but even against the Negro who is now
subjected to a numbers game based on
an arbitrary 50 percent participation
figure.
Mr. Speaker, I am not anti-civil-rights,
nor ani,, I anti-vQtixlg-rights.
On May 17, under previous order of
the House, I took the floor to explain my
position on the then pending voting
rights bill. In order that there may be
nQ.,doubt as, to-my position, I repeat that
statement at this point in these re-
marks:
AN ANALYSIS OF THE VOTING RIGHTS
---,--CONTROVERSY. . .
(A speech by the Honorable GEORGE V. HAN-
SEN, in the House of Representatives, May
17, 1965)
Mr. HANSEN of Idaho. Mr. Speaker, the
honored and respected Mr. J. Edgar Hoover,
Director of the Federal Bureau of Investiga-
tion, has recently made some remarks about
civil disorders and civil disobedience-and
zealots and bigots and racists-that we
might well heed as we approach a decision
on voting rights legislation.
In the December 1964, FBI law enforce-
ment bulletin, distributed to all law enforce-
ment officials, Mr. Hoover said, in part: "Our
society today is in a great state of unrest.
Many citizens are confused and troubled.
For the first time, some are confronted with
issues and decisions relating to the rights
and dignity of their fellow countrymen, prob-
lems which? heretofore they had skirted or
ignored,
"We have In our midst hatemongers, bigots,
and riotous agitators, many of whom are at
opposite poles philosophically but who spew
similar doctrines of prejudice and intoler-
ance. They exploit hate and fear for personal
gain and self-aggrandizement. They distort
facts, spread rumors, and pit one element of
our people against another. Theirs is a
dogma of intimidation and terror."
In a speech delivered in New York on De-
cember, 12-1064, on crime, and subversion in
the United States-and referring to some of
the persons and groups involved-Mr. Hoover
said, "And I include the false liberals of the
extreme left, such aas,the Communist Party,
as well as the counterfeit patriots at the fa-
natic limits of the far right, such as the Thu
Klux Man-, who not only take the law into
their' own hands on,gpgasiop= but,who would
use the Constitution and laws of the Visited
States to defeat the very purpose for which
they were drafted-liberty and justice for
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Also--in the words of Mr. Hoover In testi-
mony, on January 29, 1984, before a House
appropriations subcommittee: "Turning to
the subject of Communist interest in Negro
activities, the approximate 20 million Negroes
in the United States today constitute the
largest and most important racial target of
the Communist Party, U.S.A. The infiltra-
tion, exploitation, and control of the Negro
population has long been a party goal and
is one of the principal goals today."
After stating that the Communist has no
honest desire to better the status or condi-
tion of the Negro, Mr. Hoover said, "Com-
munists * * * capitalize on the adverse
propaganda effect that reports of discrimina-
tion and oppression in the United States can
produce in the eyes of the rest of the world,
particularly among the African and Asian
peoples; that is, the idea that this country
is against equal rights for all races."
As to the number of Negroes who have
joined the Communist Party, Mr. Hoover had
this to say: "The number of Communist
Party recruits which may be attracted from
the large Negro racial group In this Nation
is not the important thing. The old Com-
munist principle still holds: `Communism
must be built with non-Communist hands.'
"We do know that Communist influence
does exist in the Negro movement and It is
this influence which is vitally important. It
can be the means through which large masses
are caused to lose perspective on the issues
involved and, without realizing it, succumb
to the party's propaganda lures."
This, Mr. Speaker, I believe to be a sig-
nificant part of the current controversy over
civil rights and voting rights. Unquestion-
ably, the vast majority of those involved in
the disputes are sincere, honest, and dedi-
cated persons. However, on both sides there
are those who masquerade behind ill-founded
social, moral, political, and religious concern
to practice intolerance, provocation, intimi-
dation, and even downright lawlessness
which all too often plays into the hands of
our International enemies. Racial bigots and
human flotgam only serve to detract from
legitimate causes and, by their actions, cloud
the real issues at stake. And it is the actions
of these minorities within the two camps
which make a difficult situation almost im-
possible.
The trouble is compounded by the presence
of Communists who, though not necessarily
the originators of demonstrations, at times
push them to extremes. Dr. James N. M. Na-
brlt, Jr., president of Howard University, one
of our country's leading Negro colleges, has
said he has ,seen known Communists in a
student picket line. Of the infiltration of,
Communists into civil rights groups, Dr. Na-
brit said, "They are, people who cloak them-
selves in the mantle of civil righters and,
plot and plan in secret to disrupt our fight
for justice and full citizenship. They must
be unmasked for 'the frauds they are, They
must be fought in every arena, and 'they
must not be allowed to prevail."
Some Negro leaders, unlike Dr. Nabrit who
clearly recognizes the peril of Communist In-
filtration of the civil rights movement, have
admitted that Communists do exist within
the organizations, but gay they have no influ-
ence. Unfortunately, the tactics and tech-
niques of the Communists are not always ap
parent to these leaders, thus enabling the
Red agents to carry on their nefarious work
undetected.
The average person, in attempting to eval-
uate the racial situation and pinpoint the
real problems;, is frequently frustrated and
puzzled by. contradictory contentions and
overstatements. It is obvious that critics of
civil rights demonstrations are prone to min-
imize any good elements in the movements,
and emphasize only the sordid and ugly. On
the other hand supporters tend just as
strongly to overlook the undignified and dis-
graceful actions of some of the civil rights
groups and emphasize only the altruistic and
philosophic goals they themselves have set.
Those supporting civil rights groups often
tend to play to the hilt any acts of violence
which occur, while, conversely, such violence
has often been played down and even con-
doned by those opposing these movements
and the perpetrators let off with a slap on the
wrist by "juries of their peers."
To me, these positions appear to be un-
tenable. It is difficult for me to see the com-
patibility between civil disobedience-which
is advertised as nonviolent, but which is cer-
tainly provocative of violence-and-the win-
ning of the Nobel Peace Prize. It is equally
difficult for me to see the compatibility be-
tween pleas for the sovereignty of local gov-
ernment and the unpunished bombing of
churches and the midnight rifle shot on a
lonely road.
Neither side, Mr. Speaker, is in a position
to criticize the other for violations of the
law. How can the one criticize the other for
terrorist tactics when it, itself, decides which
laws are "good" and which are "bad" and
then obeys only the "good" laws? And how
can the other side criticize this course when
some of its members apparently feel that
laws against murder are not valid and need
not be obeyed When such laws interfere
with what they consider to be their "rights?"
Ours is a process of law-of law and order.
This process in America has never been both
mother and stepchild of hysteria-which too
often allows the rabble of contending sides
to predominate in killings, intimidations,
immoral conduct, and the like.
The Government of the United States,
through its many years of growth from a
small group of colonies to the greatest nation
the world has ever known, has always placed
the impartiality of law above the whims of
man. That law has always contained
processes for meeting and correcting social
injustices; including the right of petition,
the enactment of legislation, and access to
the courts.
Contrary to the belief held by some, the
United States is not merely a democracy, it is
a constitutional Republic. It is important
to note that political philosophers over the
centuries have held that a pure democracy
is the worst possible form of government,
leading to impulsive and precipitous action
by a sometimes hysterical majority, or mob,
triggered by emotional circumstances.
. Our constitutional Republic, with its
various checks and balances, provides the
processes that help protect us from the worst
in ourselves. At times these processes may
seem unduly slow and cumbersome-it may
even seem that they are roadblocks prevent-
ing progress. But it is. these roadblocks,
lacking in a pure democracy, which give our
constitutional Republic its strength and sta-
bility and provide for lasting solutions to our
problems.
No one can deny, Mr. Speaker, that great
strides have been made in the eradication
of social injustices in the United States in
recent years. Some of the actions which
have- attempted to give to all our citizens
the rights and responsibilities inherent In
our. Constitution have come voluntarily from
the private sector of our social order; some
have been accomplished through legislation;
some by directives of the executive branch;
and some by the various levels of our courts.
'We are moving forward, but I believe there
is still a long way to go. I also believe that,
when we speak of civil rights and'the equal-
ity of all men, who too often confine our
thoughts to the Negro and the problems he
faces, and disregard the many injustices
heaped upon the American Indian and for-
eign nationality groups concentrated in the
shuns and ghettos of our larger cities. These
groups, lacking. the.potent political poten-
tial of the Negro, are often left to suffer and
shift for themselves.
By the same token, when we refer to vot-
ing rights we are prone to think only of
practices which deprive a man of his vote.
Abhorent as this practice is, equally as ab-
horent-and almost as prevalent-is the
practice of negating a man's vote through
fraudulent voting, ballot box stuffing, and
other illegal election practices. While un-
told numbers, particularly in the South, are
denied the right to vote, there is also sub-
stantial evidence that untold numbers, par-
ticularly in large cities, have their votes can-
celed by fictitious names and tombstones.
Mr. Speaker, it is my firm belief that ade-
quate machinery does now exist under pres-
ent laws and under the 14th and 15th
amendments to the Constitution-if properly
implemented by conscientious officials-to
correct voting injustices and to attain the
goals which some are trying to accomplish
through demonstrations involving civil dis-
obedience which, no matter how well in-
tended, subvert the very rule of law itself.
In this connection, I am convinced that
any administration, political party, group or
individual exploiting civil disobedience for
self-aggrandizement is toying with a very ex-
plosive and possibly destructive force.
This course of action makes us vulnerable
to the designs of the cunning Communist
who, by infiltration, deceit, and the perpe-
tration of any crime in the name of Com-
munist triumph, has subjugated more than
half the people of the world. The Commu-
nists have perfected the technique of "divide
and conquer" to a point never envisaged by
another recent group who employed this
method-the Nazis. Communist imperialistic
designs and subversive activities have set
Chinese against Chinese, Korean against
Korean, Cuban against Cuban, Vietnamese
against Vietnamese, and now are attempting
to set American against American at every
opportunity.
Now-as stated previously, we already have
the laws necessary for the eradication of
social injustice. Prolonged apathy by var-
ious Departments of the Federal Government
in seeing that these laws are applied is
largely responsible for current controversies
and the resultant demand for drastic
Federal action-action which I deem to be
unnecessary and, in some cases unconstitu-
tional.
As an example--article I, section 2 of the
Constitution and the 17th amendment give
to the States the right to determine voter
qualifications, and the 10th amendment pro-
hibits the Federal Government from doing
so. By the same token, the 14th and 15th
amendments provide that no discrimination
shall occur.
Hence, to me it is basic that the States
can legally prescribe any tests or require-
ments for voting, consistent with the Fed-
eral Constitution, which the electorate of
that State will approve. Then, and to me
this is also basic, it is up to each of us,
beginning with the lower subdivisions of
Government, to see that these tests are
applied without prejudice or discrimination.
If violations occur at the local and county
levels, then the State should exercise its au-
thority. Only if the State refuses to do this
(and obviously there are cases where this is
so), should the Federal Government have the
right and duty to step in.
Emphatically, I believe that we, as citizens,
should do everything legally possible at all
levels of Government to overcome existing
inequities. Had more concerted action been
previously taken, we would not now be under-
going great emotional disturbances such as
the current civil. rights demonstrations,
Hasty, poorly conceived legislation de-
signed to bridge the gap created by poor
enforcement of existing laws, holds out false
hope to those concerned. Rather than pass-
ing arbitrary legislation and resorting to un-
constitutional processes in an attempt to
cure the evils which beset us, I believe the
more valid answer lies in proper enforcement
of existing laws and adequate education.
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 July 15, 196T`--
the Republican ticket, and this
voted
was understandable since they remem-
bered Abraham Lincoln as the emainci-
pator and the democratic strategy was
still based on the solid South plus one or
two of the larger Northern States.
I am very sure that in those days no
Republican Congressman from Michigan
would have dared to join with Southern
Democrats in watering down a ,voting bill
intended to open the polls to Negro voters
in States where now they are'all but dis-
franchised.
NEGRO VOTE KEPT ILLINOIS REPUBLICAN
My adopted State of Illinois for many
long years was hopelessly Republican,
but this was largely true because the
Negro vote was overwhelmingly Repub-
lican.. It may come as a surprise to some,
but it is worth noting, that in all the
long years that Illinois was safely in the
Republican column. the margin of. Re-
publican victory as a rule was less than
the Negro . Republican vote. In those
years no. Republican Congressman from
Illinois would have dared to join with
Southern Democrats in watering down
a, voting bill intended to, open the polls,
to Negro voters in States where now they
are permitted neither to register nor vote.
The first political speech that I made
was in the African Methodist Church in
Benton Harbor when I was a high school
boy. I was courteously received and was
accorded a bit of applause at the con-
clusion of my remarks, the sort of en-
couragement that good hearts give to
beginners, but I doubt that I made any
converts "to the democratic cause,
The Negro vote was loyally, solidly in
the Republican column, and it remained
there year after year, election after elec-
tion, despite the fact that Congress after
Congress, overwhelmingly under Repub-
lican control, did absolutely nothing to
change the registering and voting prac-
tices of Southern States that closed the
door on Negro voters.
BIPARTISAN CRUSADE/ OF MORALITY
Mr. Chairman, interrupting briefly the
continuity of what I have to say, I pause
here to remark that in the legislative
pursuit of objectives of morality there is
no place for the play for partisan ad-
I deeply regret that in the consider-.-
tion of the present bill there has been a
departure from that which we witnessed
in this Chamber in 1964 and which gave
thrill and inspiration to all mankind,
Democrats and Republicans working side
by side for a cause in which all believed
and cherished so preciously that none
would think to mar with partisan grasp-
ing the purity of the crusade of morality.
The plain blunt truth is that the wa-
tering down of this bill would mean the
defeat of, all for which good people of
both parties have so long and valiantly
been battling. If this were not already
apparent to everyone, certainly it became
as plain as.the hand held before the
eyes when opponents of civil rights and
voting reforms-urged the adoption of the
Republican substitute over the adminis-
tration, b li
'QL dsi not _ ve t9. be smart to see
It, is true the legislative medicine in
the administration bill is strong,'but may
I respectfully suggest that ills as deeply
rooted as those we attack are not sub-
ject to the aspirin treatment.
INFLUENCE OF GROWING-UP YEARS
Now, Mr. Chairman, I shall return to
a narrative of the circumstances of my
upbringing that afford the reason for my
being what I am. In my sincere accept-
ance of all men as my brothers, I ap-
preciate, too, that others who grew up in
a different social climate cling loyally
and with the same sincerity as do I to
the order and the philosophy of their
growing-up years. In time they will
come to accept the changes that have
come and to know that it is all for the
best.
Change, Mr. Chairman, is life. With-
out motion, which is change, there would
be no life.
There is no permanent status quo, al-
though it happens that an established
order endures through several genera-
tions, its gradual diminution unnoticed,
and. its adherents come to look at it as a
permanent and sacred thing. Then
comes the revelation, of the change that
has been taking form all the years, and
it comes as a shock,
The fact is, Mr. Chairman, that what
the 88th Congress accomplished in the
enactment of the most sweeping civil
rights law in history and what the 89th
Congress is on the eve of accomplishing
with the enactment of a voting law that
really and truly will open the ballot boxes
to our Negro fellow Americans did not
come of a sudden and unannounced.
RIGHT OUTLIVES THE FOOT THAT CRUSHES IT
They were long in coming, but each
year brought them closer.
Right is immortal. It may be crushed
to earth but it outlives the foot that
crushes it. That is the story and the
history of mankind. That is the lesson
of the ages, illustrated in every upward
push of man in his long climb from
the caves, after. each slipping back, ulti-
mately another forward plunge that
reached heights never before attained.
Mr. Chairman, I came to the Congress
in 1949. I then was 67 years old and
had lived a full life. I resolved that in
this body as long as the good Lord gave
me the strength and my constituents at
home in their goodness returned me I
should never spare myself in combat
against discrimination in every form and
in every manifestation whenever it
showed its ugly face.
I have been in every fight for civil
rights and for voting equality, for laws
against lynching and poll taxes, and all
the line of cruel and undemocratic prac-
tices, since I have been a Member of this
body. In several Congresses I have
served with other Democratic and Re-
publican colleagues on bipartisan joint
steering committees for civil rights legis-
lation, I always have felt, Mr. Chairman,
that the advancement of morality and
equality knew no party lines, and, as a
rule, such has been the case.
IN JULY 9 YEARS AGO
In the civil rights fight in 1956, now 9
years ago, I made the following remarks,
A3783
which are as timely now as then, and
which I'reiterate at this time:
Mr. Chairman, when I walked in the
sunshine to the Capitol today I was
thinking that there was some seasonal
significance in the timing of this historic
debate. We are in the last fortnight of
July and all the signs are of a summer
in its full enraptment. Yet the change
came on June 21, when the days started
to shorten and since then summer has
been on the path of death. That is the
way of life. Life is change. There is no
enduring status quo. But the change
from one order to another is not imme-
diately discernible. Man is reluctant to
embrace change until by nature it is
forced upon him. He fears the unknown
and the untried, but when it comes creep-
ing upon him and engulfing him he finds
in the climate of a new order the ex-
hilaration of one who has climbed tedi-
ously a mountainside and having at-
tained the peak looks out upon the vista
of a new world.
I have listened to my colleagues from
the Southland who have stood gallantly
on the edge of a lost battlefield fighting
for an order that they sense, if they do
not know, is gone forever. There have
been many such instances in the long
history of man's climbing to higher
plateaus of human dignity and human
contentment.
Because I am older than many of my
colleagues, I can look back further.
There are two ways of understanding
the present as it is related to the past.
One way is by reading of the experiences
of the yesteryears, another way, un-
derstanding through the experience of
having lived in those yesteryears.
On this afternoon in late July, when,
though the sun be shining, summer is
already nearly a month on her path of
death, may I take you back with me to
the era when the 19th century was rush-
ing onward, to be engulfed by the 20th
century. Political philosophers then
were saying that wherever the banana
grows man is incapable of self-govern-
ment: A President of the United States
publicly proclaimed that he had never
broken bread with a Negro. John L. Sul-
livan disclaimed being champion of the
world because he said he would not lower
the white race by entering the. same ring
with Peter Jackson, a Negro.
That was the era in which something
transpired that left me with an ineffacea-
ble memory. It was before the turn of
the century. The memory that with me
is ineffaceable is framed. with the vivid
background of a gorgeously beautiful
sunset in the tropics. My father was
talking to a great physician of South
America, one. of the outstanding, physi-
cians of the world at that period. This
man had been eloquent in the expres-
sion of his affection for the United
States. My father remarked that hav-
ing such great admiration for our coun-
try he hoped that this great physician
someday would visit our shores. The
expression on the physician's face
changed. "That I cannot trust myself
to do," he said.
"I want always to go on admiring the
great contribution that the United States
has:.madeto.all the world and,to, au, Of
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX July 15, 1965
mankind, but if I went to New York or
Chicago and were not admitted to one
of your hotels because there is Negro
blood in my veins could I understand?"
Later a few years there was another
experience. I was on duty with two Cu-
ban Negro soldiers, penetrating within
the Spanish lines at Santiago. We were
lost in hostile territory. We had one
canteen of water and that one canteen
of water we passed one to the other with-
out the thought that some of the lips
that touched the canteen were white and
some were black. Never after that could
I understand why in my own country,
and in my own northland at the time,
the dining rooms and public eating
places were closed to those not of the
white race.
Mr. Chairman, we have come a long,
long way. The old order as far as the
North is concerned is all but gone. The
old order as far as the South is con-
cerned is in the late July of a dying sum-
mer. Industry in the South is expand-
ing. Ahead of the South lies a future of
prosperity beyond the rosiest dreams of
the old plantation days. The fears of
the gallant little band of my colleagues
making the last stand for the status quo
will be proven as groundless as were the
fears of countless other gallant little
bands in the long history of the world
making the last stand for the status quo.
Again change is ushering in new orders
advancing the dignity and the content-
ment of mankind. The bill we in the
House will pass this week will mark an-
other milestone in our country's march
to meet her destiny as the servitor under
God of all mankind.
NEAR THE END OF LONG HARD FIGHT
Mr. Chairman, those remarks were
made in this Chamber 9 years ago this
month of July. Even 7 years before that
we had fought all through the day and all
through the night until near 5 o'clock in
the morning for some semblance of
recognition of the civil rights of all
Americans. I was happy and felt privi-
leged that in this it was given unto me to
play my part, small though it may have
been, I then being in my first term.
It indeed has been a long hard fight.
With the enactment of H.R. 6400 I shall
have a sense of security that the cause
of equality in opportunity, in the enjoy-
ment by all Americans of the blessings,
responsibilities, and privileges of running
this country of ours, at last is planted on
firm ground. This is a good bill and it
will open the polling places to all Amer-
icans of good repute regardless of race or
color.
Mr. Chairman, ours will be a greater
and a happier country because of what
now we are about to do. Strength that
is rested on morality is an enduring
strength. A representative democracy
in which all citizens share according to
worth and without distinction on lines of
race, color, religion, station, sex, and may
I add age, inevitably must produce the
kind of government that never can be
wiped from this earth.
No race can live alone. By all of us
blessed with American citizenship work-
ing together, one for all and all for one,
voting together and working together on
a basis of equality and mutual respect, all
that the Lord of our creation intended
for us will fall to our lot.
I think, too, Mr. Chairman, that we
have learned that in the world of today,
narrowed as it has been by quick means
of transportation, no nation can live
alone. Surely if we as-a nation have set
the pattern in unity envisioned in the
legislation we are here considering its
influence cannot be lost on the world.
JUDICIARY, A HARD WORKING COMMITTEE
I cannot close without adding my voice
to the universal acclaim of the great
chairman of the Judiciary Committee,
Mr. CELLER, whose stout championship
of the cause of civil rights during many
long years constitutes an epic in the legis-
lative history of our country. I also join
in expression of appreciation of the large
contribution of the gentleman from
Colorado [Mr. ROGERS], the gentleman
from New Jersey [Mr. RoDINO], and
the others on the committee who worked
so long and so faithfully in a difficult and
complex field, and not forgetting William
R. Foley, the able and dedicated general
counsel of the committee. While I regret
that the distinguished ranking minority
member of the Judiciary Committee, Mr.
MCCULLOCH, loaned his name to the wa-
tered-down substitute here offered, I
cannot forget, nor should the country
forget, that he stood, shoulder to shoul-
der, with Chairman CELLER in the stir-
ring days in 1964 that ended with the
enactment with bipartisan support of the
greatest civil rights law of all times.
I think, Mr. Chairman, all my col-
leagues will- agree that the quality and
character of the membership both Demo-
cratic and Republican of the Judiciary
Committee is extraordinarily high, a
source of pride to all of us.
Research Grant to Montana State
University
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ARNOLD OLSEN
OF MONTANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, July 15, 1965
Mr. OLSEN of Montana. Mr. Speaker,
under leave to extend my remarks in the
RECORD, I include the following KBMN
radio editorial:
[A KBMN (Bozeman, Mont.) radio editorial,
July 15, 1965]-
M.S.U. GRANT
My fellow Montanans, recently the Na-
tional Aeronautics and Space Administration
has announced a grant of $100,000 to Mon-
tana State University at Bozeman for research
in space science and engineering. This grant
is to support a broad integrated program of
space-related research activities which are
being carried on at the Bozeman campus.
The research supported by this grant will
include projects in atomic physics, astro-
physics, botany, bacteriology, and chemistry.
The grant is directed toward the progress of
pure science in these areas and is a small
example of the massive effort our Govern-
ment is making in financing pure science
research. The money is well spent. Pure
science is the basis of tomorrow's inventions.
Without this work, thepractical applications,
improving our lives in the future, will not
be forthcoming.
A wonderful example of this type of de-
velopment is the Early Bird Satellite which
was recently put in space by the Communi-
cation Satellite Corp. We are now in in-
stant radio and TV communication with
Europe and Japan, and we are expecting
commercial use of the satellite in the near
future. But this would not have been pos-
sible if the road had not been paved by re-
search and development sponsored by our
Government.
There is no direct profit to be derived from
pure science research, and, because of this,
the business community is reluctant to in-
vest money for it. Moreover, the amounts
needed are far too great for even the largest
businesses in the country. Our Government
must provide the necessary funds.
The $100,000 grant to the Bozeman campus
is a compliment to the fine educational in-
stitution there, and it makes me proud to
know that fellow Montanans are participat-
ing in the American effort in space. I want
to congratulate those involved in the work,
and I wish them the best of luck in their
President J`ohn-9on"s Strategy for Vietnam
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
of
HON. RAY J. MADDEN
OF INDIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, July 15, 1965
Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, the fol-
lowing editorial from the Christian Sci-
ence Monitor reveals in a few words a
message, the spirit of which, if followed
through will be the most sensible path
toward the Vietnam settlement.
A TALE OF Two TALKS
We believe that American Ambassador at
large W. Averell Harriman has done right to
go to Moscow. We also believe that British
Prime Minister Harold Wilson was right to
send his friend, Harold Davies, to Hanoi.
For, even though nothing concrete comes
from either visit, each is an earnest that the
English-speaking world is ready to talk, to
talk again, and to keep right on talking in,
the hope of reaching a negotiated end to the
Vietnamese conflict.
The United States, with the welcome help
of its British ally, owes it to itself and to
the world both to overlook no chance for
peace talks and to keep on trying to bring
them about. These efforts are a, token of
moral strength, not of weakness. They are
also wise statesmanship, for it is essential
that Washington prove to the world that
American involvement in Vietnam is on be-
half of justice and not of neocolonialism.
During the past quarter century there have
been few Americans whom the Russians have
gotten to know better or have a stronger rea-?
st,n to trust than Mr. Harriman. While his
presence alone will not dispel the deep So-
viet-American rift which has grown out of
the Vietnamese crisis, it should serve as an
indication to Moscow that Washington still
values "peaceful coexistence" with the So-
viet Union and continues to hope that the
time will come when Moscow feels able to
take some further initiative to bring about
peace talks o-,, southeast Asia.
Similarly, Mr. Davies' visit, which got short
shrift in Hanoi, will help make it clearer to
the Afro-Asian world which side it is that
is seeking talks and which side is turning
them down. Prime Minister Wilson has not
had an easy time over the Davies' visit and
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July 15, 1965 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX A3785
he is to be commended for having persisted.
It is also to be hoped that Hanoi's cold-
shouldering of Mr. Davies will help lay a per-
sistent oversimplification widely held in Eu-
rope and also believed in some American
quarters: The American bombing of North
Vietnam is what prevents peace talks. The
Communists refuse to talk because they be-
lieve they will win. Once let them lose that
belief and the bombing in the north will
speed their rush to the conference table.
Twentieth Anniversary of the United
Nations
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN
OF NEW JERSEY
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, July 15, 1965
to continue support is reflected in the
resolution which passed the House last
Tuesday. When the interim 20 years
between foundation and maturity are re-
examined, we must marvel at the rela-
tive degree of stability which has been
achieved in the world through U.N.
cooperation.
Its detractors are quick to jump at its
weaknesses and to obscure its accom-
plishments. They . ignore totally the
humanitarian work done through the
various social and economic programs,
through UNESCO, through UNICEF,
through the Food `and Agriculture Or-
ganization. Millions of children have re-
ceived relief fund dollars and'diet staples
in lands where there are no welfare pro-
,grams to help those with no means of
support. Millions of poverty stricken
farmers have received technological help
and scientific aid where their own gov-
ernments either could not or would not
antagonists in the world council he
served so faithfully as the U.S. Ambas-
sador. Another is the universal sadness
and sense of loss felt around the world
today.
Ambasador Stevenson had the facility
for cutting into the heart of any matter
and the ability to express his ideas in a
forceful manner. He will long be re-
membered as a champion of liberty and
peace. The memory of his mission, his
loyalty to his country, his unceasing quest
for freedom for all, and his humaneness
toward all mankind will surely inspire all
of us in some measure as we seek the ful-
fillment of his goals.
Eight Thousand Pounds of Killer Whale
on a "Leash"
Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, as we
commemorate the 20th anniversary of
the United Nations we cannot help but
look in retrospect at the state of the
world 20 years after World War I and
20 years,after World War II. It is neces-
sary to compare the war-ravaged, total-
itarian-ensconced world of 1939 with the
prosperous and flourishing free world of
today. In this way the effectiveness of
the United Nations as a peacekeeping,
world-stabilizing organization will be
crystal clear. It is evident that the world
is today troubled in southeast Asia and
in the Carribean. However, one must
look at the world in 1939 to see the
marked difference in international affairs
since the inception of the world organi-
zation.
The powers never really straightened
themselves out after Versailles at the
conclusion of the war that was fought
"to end all wars." A lack of cooperation
both at home and abroad doomed the
Versailles settlement to. failure and
American refusal to cooperate trans-
formed a potentially powerful League of
Nations into a floundering and ineffec-
tual debating _ organization, unable to
halt the onslaught of the Nazi-Fascist
tyranny. Obstinancy and shortsighted-
ness did irreparable damage to world-
wide hopes for a peaceful future. The
dream of avoiding, a second war was
smashed on the rocks of party politics
and ethnocentric narrowness,
The German march into Poland, the
Italian attack on Ethiopia, and the Jap-
anese takeover of Manchuria were
marked by a reproving word, but by lit-
tle action. The impotency of the League
unmistakeably brought nearer and ac-
celerated the, horrors of World War II.
In 1045 the executive, legislative and
diplomatic leadership of the country
were determined that such a tragedy
must be averted in the future. At San
Francisco they designed the framework,
of a united organization which would npt
crumble helplessly as the League did,
A bipartisan coalition insured national
support for the, international program.
Inactivity,in the twenties and thirties
was, supplanted by intervention in the
forties and, fifties. The United States has
not swerved from its position of firm sup-
port in the past decades and its desire
institute programs of their own. These
accomplishments are real and are being
perpetuated every day.
Besides these achievements the United
Nations has played the integral role in
its 20 years of age as the peacekeeper of
the world. U.N. mediation stopped fight-
ing in Palestine in 1948 and in Indonesia
in 1949. U.N. military action ended the
Korean war in 1953 and a U.N. Emer-
gency Force resolved the Suez crisis in
1956. An observer task force negotiated
a peace in Lebanon in 1958. Each of
these incidents could easily have been
the catalyst for a third war-existence
of the U.N., however, averted such dif-
ficulty and resulted in a more peaceful
world.
There is no question in my mind, Mr.
Speaker, that the world has been made
safer and better by the existence of the
United Nations. Although there is ten-
sion and conflict today in the Far East,
it would be greatly intensified if there
was no peacekeeping organization of all
the nations.
The 20 years under the leadership of
Trygve Lie, Dag Hammarskjold and U
Thant have been a testimonial to world
cooperation. Let us hope that the mem-
ber nations will continue to act in a
spirit conducive to permanent peace
through reason and justice.
Adlai Stevenson
HON. THOMAS C. McGRATH
OF NEW JERSEY
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, July 14, .1965
Mr. McGRATH.' Mr. Speaker, the
people of the United States and the en-
tire world are grieved and shocked at the
sudden passing of a great American,
Ambassador Adlai Stevenson. His dedi-
cation to the ideal of freedom, his zeal in
the pursuit of peace,- his deep feeling of
the importance of the individual are all
qualities rarely found embodied in' a
single human being.
One measure of his greatness was the
respect which he was accorded by his
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. FLOYD V. HICKS
OF WASHINGTON
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, July 15, 1965
Mr. HICKS. Mr. Speaker, two enter-
prising young gentlemen from my home-
town of Tacoma, Wash., have under-
taken a whale of a project.
They have, to oversimplify it a bit, put
an 8,000-pound killer whale on a leash
and are leading him home.
James S. Griffin, a Tacoma business-
man, and his brother, Ted, who operates
an aquarium in Seattle, bought the killer
whale in Namu, British Columbia, and
with great ingenuity, substantial outlays
of cash, and the help of many people
and organizations are moving the sea-
going giant 400 miles south to Seattle.
The whale and his escorts are expected
to arrive at Seattle next Monday.
There the whale, whose name is
"Namu," will take up residence in Ted
Griffin's aquarium for all to see. Namu
also will be the object of intensive sci-
entific study, for he is the only killer
whale in captivity in the world.
Mr. . Speaker, Tacoma's waterfront
reporter, Don Hannula, has told this
entire modern saga of the sea in the
Tacoma News Tribune. To permit my
colleagues to share the thrills and vicis-
situdes of the Griffin brothers, Namu,
and others involved in this adventure, I
am pleased to present Mr. Hannula's
story in its entirety.
[From the Tacoma (Wash.) News Tribune,
July 11, 19651
(By Don Hannula)
EIGHT THOUSAND POUNDS OF KILLER WHALE
ON A "LEASH"
Tacoma fuel dealer Jim Griffin will tell you
frankly that he doesn't know the difference
between a guppy and a goldfish.
But all of a sudden, Griffin, vice president
and general manager of Griffin-Galbraith
Fuel Co., has a whale of a fish problem,
Seems his brother Ted, a former Tacoman
who now operates the Seattle Marine Aquar-
ium, bit off more than one man could chew
when he decided to bring a 22-foot, 8,000-
pound killer whale 400 miles from Namu,
British Columbia, to Seattle.
The whale, accidentally caught by two gill-
netters off Namu, June 1, was put on the
block for sale after the fishermen constructed
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -APPENDIX my 15, 1965
a gtllnet prison. Griffin bought it for $8,000,
but that was just the beginning of his
financial problems.
- MONEY DISAPPEARING
Already he has close to $20,000 sunk in the
venture.
Ted, 29, asked brother Jim, 28, for assist-
ance in raising money to get the whale to
Seattle. Jim has a simple explanation for
his involvement in Ted's killer whale adven-
ture which has received nationwide atten-
tion :
"He's my brother."
Another Tacoman, Point Defiance Aquarist
Don Goldsberry, has been playing a leading
role in the effort to bring the world's only
captive killer whale to Seattle. On leave of
absence from his job, he has lent his expert
advice to Ted Griffin since the start.
"If it hadn't been for Don Goldsberry,
they probably would not have the whale
now," Jim Griffin said.
Keeping the whale confined has been a
struggle since the beginning. As many as
80 other killer whales patrolled the confine-
ment area apparently waiting to make a
rescue attempt.
But they disappeared last Wednesday. It
is expected they will be back at the side of
Namu (Klingit Indian language meaning
"many winds") the killer whale before the
long haul south is over.
IN THE BAG
Friday, Namu was in the bag and en route
to a new home. lie was driven Into a spe-
cially constructed pen of oil drums, nets
and steel tubing. The tiny Seattle tug Rob-
ert E. Lee, operated by disk jockey and chan-
nel 11 television personality Bob Hardwick,
was unable to tow the big pen, so Griffin
hired a 78-foot seiner, the Ch.amiss Bay, to
pull the pen to Point Hardy, about 100 miles
south on the northern end of Vancouver
Island.
It was expected to arrive in Point Hardy
this evening. There the whale will remain
in calm, protected waters until the Griffin
brothers are ready for their next move.
GET ASSISTANCE;
Saturday, the Navy and the Fish and Wild-
life Service offered help, but they did not
have facilities Immediately available. Jim
was able, however, to get help from Drew
Foss, who volunteered the tugboat, lvar Foss.
The tug left Tacoma Saturday and expects
to begin hauling Namu from Point Hardy
by Monday night.
Even with the 55-foot tug and its 6-man
crew pulling the whale, Foss said it probably
could not make more than 2 or 3 knots
without breaking up the pen which is con-
fining the whale.
A Navy floating drydock had been consid-
ered to haul the whale to Seattle, or even an
Air Force Globemaster, Jim said.
In all it would take an estimated 7 to 10
days for the trip.
Meanwhile, Namu, the friendly killer
whale, seems content to eat about 200 pounds
of fresh salmon a day for a $100 daily food
bill.
Jim Griffin who talked to brother Ted by
phone said the whale seemed to like its new
pen. It had been feared the whale wouldn't
eat once inside the pen.
But, Namu is consuming 200-300 pounds
of salmon a day now, Ted told his brother
Saturday. He said fishermen come along
side and throw fish to the whale to see him
react.
"Ted said the whale was eating fine inside
the pen," Jim reported. "But he'll only take
fresh salmon. If they throw him an old
salmon, he throws it back."
There had been rumors that Ted Griffin
might want to put his killer whale tempo-
rarily in the Titlow Lagoon here. Presently
the lagoon owned by the metropolitan park
district but leased to the State fisheries de-
partment is free of salmon fingerling.
However, Ted Griffin said, if he can get the
whale to Seattle that's as far as he will go.
HAS TANK
When he built a 100,000-gallon tank last
summer for porpoise and seals, he con-
structed one bigger than his needs demanded.
He did this with the hope that he would
someday realize his burning ambition to
capture a killer whale alive.
Griffin says the tank is suitable for the
whale if he can ever get it to Seattle,
Brother Jim related that Ted seemed "de-
pressed" the last time they talked by phone.
It's understandable-with $20,000 sunk
into a whale which could break loose at any
time. Then there's the matter of raising an-
other $10,000 to complete the job-if no help
is forthcoming from the Government which
would like to do research on Namu.
But a part of the some $30,000 the brothers
have already spent Is safe. Lloyds of London
has agreed to Insure a substantial part of the
whale's purchase price.
_ Will Ted Griffin let $20,000 swim away if he
comes up against a stone wall?
Never, says brother Jim. He says Ted has
promised: "I'm going to get that whale to
Seattle. I don't know how, but I'm going to
get it there."
The St. John's University Men's Chorus
of Collegeville, Minn.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ALEC G. OLSON
Or MINNESOTA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, July 15, 1965
Mr. OLSON' of Minnesota. Mr.
Speaker, a fine musical organization
from my district, the St. John's Univer-
sity Men's Chorus of Collegeville, Minn.,
has just completed its third successful
European tour. I have just received
word that the chorus won first place in
folk singing competition at the Llangol-
len International Eisteddfod in Llangol-
len Wales. In addition, it finished third
in overall competition and was praised
for a-"finely united performance" by Dr.
Herbert Howells, head of the board of
judges. The St. John's Chorus is di-
rected, by Mr. Gerhard Track who di-
rected the famed Vienna Choirboys for 5
years before joining the St. John's Music
Department.
I ask that a portion of a news story
from the St. Paul, Minn., Dispatch, July
7, be appended to my remarks:
LLANGOLLEN, WALES.-The St. John's Uni-
versity Men's Chorus from Minnesota won
the first prize today in one of the major com-
petitions at the Llangollen International
Eisteddfod, a group singing competition,
They took the first prize and an Interna-
tional trophy in the contest for folk-song
parties. There were 24 choirs in the compe-
tition,, representing 14 different countries.
The St. John's team was awarded 180 marks.
The St. John's choir from Collegeville had
been on a European tour and Llangollen was
Its last place of call.
In giving the adjudication, Dr. Solon
Michaeides of Greece said: "The St. John's
music was beautifully graded with rhythmi-
cal feeling. The blending was excellent
throughout.
"It is a choir with very large vocal re-
sources. In their second song a tenor solo
was very expressive and well supported by the
rest of the choir. They built up a climax in
a wonderful way. They were alw p,, ex-
cellent without losing their tone color. The
choir is a virile ensemble,"
SPEECH
OF
HON. RAY J. MADDEN
OF INDIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, July 14, 1965
Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, the fol-
lowing editorial by Robert R. Brunn
recollects some interesting but forgotten
events in the life of the great states-
man, Adlai E. Stevenson.
ADLAI E. STEVENSON: ADROIT WARRIOR FOR
PEACE
(By Robert R. Brunn)
WASHINGTON.-Adlai E. Stevenson, who
passed on in London Wednesday, was an
extraordinarily deft and adroit representa-
tive of the United States on the global stage
at the United Nations.
Free of the anguish of two grueling presi-
dential campaigns in 1952 and again in 1956,
Mr. Stevenson settled down to a spirited
defense of U.S. foreign policy and action.
No American politician in this, century
was ever to shape a phrase with more telling
intellectual effect. But in facing Dwight
D. Eisenhower in two campaigns, he knew
deep inside that it probably was a losing
battle.
Under President Kennedy he took up the
struggle for peace with gusto--and an ele-
gant phrase. He spoke out for international
justice and for wisdom in handling the
global Communist threat.
At the time of his passing Wednesday in
London, he had been talking with British
officials about southeast Asia and had seen
Foreign Secretary Michael Stewart that
morning.
Looking back on his two campaigns Mr.
Stevenson once said this:
"There is evidence that those campaigns
were worthwhile; that they saw a quicken-
ing, an awakening, of political purpose in the
minds of many thinking Americans: that
they aroused a new or broader sense of per-
sonal responsibility in political affairs, a large
respect for the political process, a sense of
ideals attainable through political activity.
"I like to think they reduced the snobbery
about politics; that there is more realization
that free society demands the wisest kind of
political leadership; that without politics
there can be no democratic freedom, not
even the freedom to be 'above politics.'
"And I have never felt any sense of defeat
for the ideas of talking sense, of tackling the
hard issues, of telling the truth, in a political
campaign.
"It is extremely important that those who
have taken part in this invigoration of the
political process take up again now the
cudgels they wielded so gloriously before."
President Johnson was visibly moved by
the news of Mr. Stevenson's passing as he
went through the motions of shaking hands
with members of a Japanese trade mission
who were his guests.
Senator GEORGE D. AIKEN, Republican, of
Vermont, said Mr. Stevenson "did his work
conscientiously and he did it well." He
added it was unfortunate that "now, perhaps
when he is needed more than ever, he has
been called away."
In campaigning in the 1960 campaign, Mr.
Stevenson indicated his future role in the
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