MIDDLE EAST

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300036-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 11, 2004
• Sequence Number: 36
• Publication Date: July 12, 1967
• Content Type: OPEN

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July 12, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE H 8605
of caviar or chipped beef. Which one will it pleasing to look at. It is a conglomeration matte transmissions. In no way did their
be, Sir?" of different types of architecture which one conditions prevent them from having a good
I grimly replied that chipped beef would visitor recently described as "early nothing time on off-duty hours. Some went to the
be suitable knowing well that I would never to late Halloween:'
see the day when the Army offered Eggs The description may not be far from few beers during the ffievening while others
Benedict. It was a nice thought though. I wrong. At Forest Glen you will find a Japa- went out on dates or to one of the two
often wondered how General was able to do nese pagoda, a Spanish mission, a Swiss post movies Walter Reed offers.
his job without completely flying off the Chalet and a medieval castle with, that's One sergeant however, whom I'll call
handle. With a couple dozen patients scream- right, a drawbridge. It was Post Theater No. Dave, became unusually bitter about his
ing different orders at him at the same time 2 that resembled the front of an old, South- situation.
it must have been hard. But the genera} al- ern plantation. First+run films are shown "Say, Dave" I said once, "what do you
ways smiled and the patients always got there five times a week for an amazingly plan to do with yourself when you get out
what they asked for. meager price of admission. Thirty-five cents, of this lace?"
Table conversation among patients was Other oddities you will find at Forest Glen p
notoriously dull. I was able to stay out of include bronze castings of sphinxes, lions "Nothing,"
he .
answered In a most how
it by bringing something to read. A usual and barking dogs which decorate bridges that "Noththg!k I exclaimed. And just haw
topic of conversation was how long it takes span numerous gulleys. Cast iron figures at- nothing you can get away with doing
for things to happen at Forest Glen. any tired in iron robes hold street lights. Con- way you cfor the rest of an do nothing iso if youe live In the
a long and patients were
tedious tingingemedical rg
, crete statues, usually of young girls, support soldiers' home or something."
some of the porch roofs. Former sorority "It'll be easy," Dave said. "With the dis-
"Hey, Mac, when you gettin' out of this
place?" one would ask. houses are now officers' quarters. ability I'll be getting from the Veterans'
" I don't know, when you gettin' out?" the With no discredit to the above, the pride Administration and the Social Security I
other would reply. "yf something done and joy of Forest Glen has to be its three- can draw if I don't work, I can make al-
other would
soon, I s sot as hell oil tiered ballrom with stained-glass windows most five hundred dollars a month, tax free.
pretty g g and a 70-foot ceiling. Once used for the most Why should I do anything when I can make
to write my Congressman." formal occasions at National Park College,
"Yeah, I'll write mine too." the ballroom is now the scene of "pop-corn that "But kind don't money doily u'll get tired so. It went. If you don't like some- parties" put The ball- just sitting t you think owh e?" Bred of
thing in the Army you write your Congress- room, ess- room, on by affectionately the known a as s the Red .e The patients' ' juI do around after a ile?"Insder
man and let him fight it out with some gen- lounge, also contains television, pool and n doubt rt, but if I do, I might consider
eral who Is forced to go all the way down ping-pong tables, and plenty of comfortable going Dave's woku to ."
the line to a sergeant to see what the whole easy-chairs. The highly polished, stained Dave's aGlen. was not the standard one
en had jobs
thing is about, wood floor in the center of the room has a already at Forest andt waiting the mfor them upon
in Basic
and Tracom he ining some ghat wrote his sign which warns patients to "Please Keep their return home. Others planned to go
Congressman Off."
getting enough sleep. Aftered that, the whole There are those times, however, when the back to school and send Uncle Sam the
battalion went to bed at 9 p.m. like it or not. sign is removed and the patient's lounge bill.
The complainer became amazingly U11- becomes the center of festivity-as much as knew of During one ne other stayer at amputee Forest Glen I my s only besides popular. it ever will. Dances are held frequently dur- who Vietnam. think
As far as I was concerned there were five Ing the evenings and entertainment ranges who was not injured
I met Vietnam. I think
highlights in a day. at Forest Glen-three from a ladies' barbershop quartet to the most of the people met naturally assumed
meals and two mail calls. Whatever I did never-ending beat of a "hard rock" band. I was from Vietnam and I became quite
with the rest of my time was optional. I Since many of the patients at Forest Glen tired of telling them that I was a veteran .
sometimes had to travel over to the main are amputees, sit down entertainment is the nation's highways, and not Vietnam.
hospital for an appointment, but they were stressed over dancing. quoted Ales, they didn't statistics w see which reveal imp reseal when I
infrequent and usually lasted no more than The Army "blurb" about Forest Glen, put stated more
fifteen minutes. Some of the patients I knew out in 1963, says "Forest Glen retains the thaan in nle t far are ached on the Vietnam
like to spend the entire day at the main charm of the old with the serviceability of seem d the oyr. Ea you from Vietnam
hospital for reasons which I could never the new." Indeed, a great amount of research seemed to enjoy telling about the parti
figure out. Maybe they wanted a change of is conducted in or around the Forest Glen incident in which he was injured, and none
none
scenery or perhaps they thought th
food
e
area. The Army Bio-mechanical Research
was better over there. I really couldn't see Laboratory, established in 1963, is the site of
any difference. advanced study in prosthetics (artificial
I repeatedly found myself seeking refuge limbs). There is also a speech and audiology
in the library during the mornings and center, a medical specialist advanced course,
afternoons. Quiet and fairly well stocked, it a historical unit and the Military En-
was a pleasant change from the constant tomology Information Service.
bustle of the rest of the place. In the library, As the weeks went by time began to really
you o t In all sense of time and became en- drag and I began to notice more people and
grossed what you were reading. This is associated them with certain characteristics.
possibly because you knew there was nothing I noticed amputees in particular. Not be-
else to do. It was at this time that I began cause they stood out for any reason, but be-
to take an interest in reading the history of cause I could identify with the sense of loss
Forest Glen. some of them apparently :had. Ninety Forest Glen is not particularly easy to find, cent of the amputees at Forest Glen, I
and it wasn't meant to be. The people who learned, were from the Vietnam war; and
originally built it in 1890 had in mind an from what I could gather, many were
exclusive resort for those wishing to escape ostentatiously proud to have served there in
the heat of downtown Washington during spite of their present condition.
the summer months. There were little indications. The Vietnam
It wasn't that the city didn't get hot dur- veterans always wore their olive drab field
ing the summer, but "Ye Forest Inne," as it jackets over the required blue hospital uni-
was called in those days, failed to turn a form. The field jacket was better than the
profit and closed within four years. For the name tag of cloth that was sewed above the
next half century, Forest Glen played host left pocket. A quick glance at the jacket
to young women In the form of National could tell you the rank of the owner, whether
Park Seminary and later, National Park Col- he had been to Vietnam, and what unit he
lege. The school changed ownership several served with. Since Injured soldiers from the
times and in spite of the lavish furnishings war are automatically given a promotion of
added to the original Forest Inn, the college at least one grade upon their return to the
sold out to the Army in 1942. states, it was understandable the men would
This sale may have been a disturbing fact delight in showing off their new ranks.
to alumnae of National Park College, but It seemed evident to me that none of the
patients, beginning with those returning veteran amputees that I met at Forest Glen
from World War II, were enthusiastic. The felt sorry for himself to any noticeable ex=
Army's investment again proved wise during tent. I suppose they were out to show the
the Korean Conflict; and now, Vietnam vet- world that they were every bit as good as
erans and others such as myself come to before, and they were doing it with success.
Forest Glen, taking the strain off the over- A couple of the men who had lost legs
crowded wards of Water Reed proper. drove standard shift cars with hand con-
For all the facilities it offers, Forest Glen, trols rigged up so they could use the clutch.
in the opinion of many, Is distinctly die- Others were satisfied to drive cars with auto-
was injured. It was an underlying sense of
pride-almost as if the men were begging
to be asked about their combat experiences.
Sometimes it was a little overdone. On
Tuesday nights, every television in the place
without exception was tuned "into -,Com-
bat." The show was watched with reverence.
I couldn't blame them for watching it, but
everybody knew who was going to win
every week, and after a while it became a
b014A- ore.. ~
MIDDLE EAST
(Mr. VIGORITO (at the request of
Mr. ALBERT) was granted permission to
extend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous
matter.)
Mr. VIGORITO. Mr. Speaker, in the
past several weeks many people have
said many things about the recent con-
flict in the Middle East. I would like to
enter into the RECORD my brief feelings
on the entire development.
It is clear that the blockade of the
Gulf of Aqaba by President Nasser and
the stationing of Arab troops along its
border forced Israel to take the action it
did in self-defense of its frontiers. It is
also obvious that the Israel Army and
Air Force richly deserve the impressive
victory they have won.
What is less clear is the future action
which must be taken to bring the Middle
East to peaceful existence once and for
all. Now that the conflict is over, the
Arab nations must recognize that Israel,
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'
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE Juli 12, 1967
H 8606
like any other nation, has its right to ex= measure introduced in the other body by 20 years within the last 60 years. Today it
is making an unprecedented assault on health
1st and the right to demand guarantees by senator ED!xUND S. MUSKIE. problems - vaccines, antibiotics, modern
of territorial integrity. Israel is an inde- The problem of solid wastes-those drugs, life saving devices like plastic heart
pendent state and should be able to en- item:;which have lost their usefulness or valves prolong life and prevent its erosion.
joy the recognition due such a state. For appe,%i but not their physical bulk-is Not all of roy remarks on health care system
this reason, its borders should be secured assuming enormous dimensions in this today will be complimentary. But whatever full
in the world
roughly 4 pounds syst m atlts bete is the fingnition that this
reco troops that to never again will it defend its frontiers. to mass tons of trash are a day, generating about 400,009 1 s
Freedom of passage in the Suez Canal for every man, woman, and child in the and that you who participate in it have an
impressive recorord d to stand on.
YSrEM
and the Gulf of Aqaba should be guaran- Nation. sx t stand
our
anteed not only to Israel but to all na- Ulaess we find some practical means of MSES IN THE
tions of the world, and the final settle- disposing of this refuse, our urban areas Al care would agree, I chink, that signs system shows
ment of its boundaries should include could turn into massive junk yards, hehf altthss and strain.
the recognition by the Arab countries of choked with unwanted consumer goods, eon ad the United States stands 10th in
these borders. industrial wastes, and wornout buildings, preventing infant deaths, 14th in deaths
Finally, Israel has undergone, despite MV bill would authorize a Federal ex- from diabetes, 13th in deaths from heart
its military victory, a serious economic penctiture of $810.8 million over the next disease, 5th in overall deaths, and 5th in
dislocation. I hope it will be the policy of 5 years for the planning and construe- prolonging life.
this Government to extend to the coup- tion of large scale disposal projects. This efar millions chronic disc segments of the and try all possible economic' assistance. larg, sum should be measured against lifpopulation io not receive medical stoftthe
the X2.5 billion we would otherwise have with any degree of thoroughness,
to s]lehd during the next decade just for so long as ioo,ooo people die of uremic
PRESIDENT JOHNSON PROVIDES the -isposal facilities needed to keep pace poisoning, partially because treatment is
NEW LIFE FOR THE TEACHERS with tine expected annual increase in the too expensive,
CORPS she(:rVolume of our trash. so long as 50% of all children under 15
(Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey (at Tie U.S. aid would be offered only for have visited a dentist,
li00 -children each
and cervical as m a d ckills c8,000 hildren
women,
the request of Mr. ALBERT) was granted pro; eats which met the highest standards year t long
undone.
permission to extend his remarks at this of engineering, health protection, and
point in the RECORD and' to include ex- pollution control. your work and mine cancer
costs
traneous matter.) Throwing away the 800 million pounds
Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey. Mr. of solid wastes thatAmericans generate The expense of health care represents a
Speaker, in a recent ceremony in Phila- eacA day without polluting the air, the very grave stress in the system.
The study by Dorothy Rice for the Depart-
delphia, President Johnson signed into water, and the land on which our health ment of Health, Education and welfare en-
law a bill that extended - the life of the ane lives depend is an extremely complex titled "Estimating The Cost of Illness," cal-
Teachers Corps. He declared: challenge, one for which we still do not culated that health care and the lack of it,
This idea was so sound that it withstood ha\ a all the answers, Our legislation cost the nation $931/2 billion in 1963.
the fiercest buffeting and the strongest should help provide at least some of the This includes $34.3 billion for the direct
drugs a of nd the in syas a physicians,
$59.2 billion in
challenge. solittions. costs
a and
He is right. The idea of the Teachers I might add that this bill has been en- drugs a d I sustemm (hospitals,
as the loss of 2 n
Corps is based on a nation as old as deltic by the city of San Diego, which dsuch indirect uring illness and the premature deaths. productivity
American itself; namely,.that knowledge I have the honor to represent. The San We could reasonably expect this estimate
Is the key to progress and greater hu- Die go Utilities Department, recognizing to be substantially higher now.
man understanding. And the Teachers the urgency of the problem, is already Last year Titles 18 and 19 began eliminat-
Corps is a new and exciting program that enraged in research to determine wheth- ing the economic barriers to help care for
will help to improve the standards of er useful byproducts can be created two very large g o ups of Tthe his opulatiot-y and classroom learning in hundreds of frcm the controlled burning of municipal thets elderl our health care system too.
American communities. refuse. I know you are very much aware that the
The teacher has always been the in- daily charges in hospitals rose 161/z % last
dispensable link in the chain of acquir- ADDRESS TO INDIANA HOSPITAL year on a national average. This was the
single most inflationary component of the
Teachers ASSOCIATION consumer price index. Physicians fees rose,
ing a good
enned education. by athe ,This200 link is being
strength of oth- Mr. HAMILTON (at the request of Mr. again on the national average, 7.8%. This
Corps members-and hundreds u r ram ALBERT) was granted permission to ex- was the greatest annual increase since 1927.
ens who yewill ars a enroll-who in the program teiid his remarks at this point in the In 1950 the average cost per day in the
in the In the President's wordy "a are basic build- RhcoRD and to include extraneous mat- hospital was $14.40. In 1965 It had tripled,
more than $45.
tea.) These statistics do not measure all the
erg block for our schools and for our Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, recent- costs of the system. Few families in the great
Nation." ly I addressed a conference of Indiana American middle class have any effective de-
s and its hospital trustees and administrators fense for the costs of a major illness. These
ly pro President d of Johnson should be
a omp of the Teache s Corps and itsponsored by the Indiana Hospital Asso- families cannot meet the economic demands
ccplishmenth. citation. of a child of lukemia, a father with a dis-
As one who has supported this pro- This group has provided many excel- abling heart disease, a mother whose life
le it examples for the rest of the Nation depends on the availability of an artificial
gram from its inception, I share the kidney.
pride of the President olio my fellow citi- tYrough many and varied efforts to im- The costs of the system often forces these
tens In a p knowl dge io thous n light prove the cuality, efficiency and economy families to dispose of their assets, to liq-
the lamp knowledge for thousands of of medical care in Indiana. uidate their insurance and retirement pro-
schoolchildren. The national need for these improve- grams and even to take their children out of
merits was the topic of my remarks to school. 2 ]gesources
VAN - DEERLIN OFFERS TRASH this group. I include these remarks in Another source of great stress and strain
CONTROL'BILL flLll in o?EC: in the health care system is the shortage of
We are e concerned today with the progress
r resources. This is a very Frustrating ing problem.
(Mr. VAN DEERLIN (at the request of .' a- health care system in America which is We urce found it a very f much easier to find
find
Mr. ALBERT) was granted permission to g;ergantuan, complicated and expensive. money for new:hospitals than it is to extend his remarks at.this point in the At its belt this system is spectacular the
i
- from
m. rm Janitors al administrators to
and to include extraneous produced It applyS bineevaccinesh the honeto staff the people
matter.) e: iminate the terror of polio. Many of you are aware of that from your
Mr. VAN )~EERLIN. Mr. Speaker, I am At its belt it can mobilize to cope with dig- personal experience.
today introducing legislation to substan- asters like your almost miraculous achieve- In Washington we are told in hard statis-
tially expand the Federal program for nlents during the night of the coliseum ex- tics that within the next decade, the nation
assisting cities and States in the disposal plosion, will need a million new health workers. To
of solid wastes. My bill is modeled on a This health care system has prolonged life meet the requirements for new doctors, we
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House of Representatives
The House met at 12 o'clock noon.
The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch,
D.D., offered the following prayer:
Behold, the Lord our God has shown
us His glory and His greatness, and we
have heard His voice out of the midst
of the fire; we have seen this day that
God does talk with man and that He
lives.-Deuteronomy 5: 24.
0 God, our Father, we thank Thee
for the gift of a new day fresh from Thy
hand. Help us to use these hours to live
cleanly, to labor industriously, to love
wisely, and to keep our spirits elevated to
high levels of thought. May we have the
strength to overcome our difficulties and
the courage to carry our responsibilities
with honor and with uplifted hearts.
Sustain us in every effort to make a
better world and to bring good will to
all the children of men. In the midst of
this day's work assure us of Thy pres-
ence and let the light of Thy wisdom
fall upon our pathway. In Jesus' name
we pray. Amen.
THE JOURNAL
The Journal of the proceedings of yes-
terday was read and approved.
MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE
A message from the Senate by Mr.
Arrington, one of its clerks, announced
that the Senate had passed a bill of the
following title, in which the concur-
rence of the House is requested:
S. 5. An act to assist in the promotion of
economic stabilization by requiring the dis-
closure of finance charges in connection with
extension of credit.
AMERICAN FARM BUREAU
FEDERATION
(Mr. RESNICK asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. RESNICK. Mr. Speaker, today,
July 12, is going to go down in the annals
of congressional history, for today for
the first time the House Committee on
Agriculture passed a resolution disas-
sociating itself from my remarks about
the American Farm Bureau Federation.
Mr. Speaker, you have been here many
years, and you know what an unprece-
dented action this is. Now, my charges
that I have made will be fully aired.
I do not want to take the time now to
discuss them, but I will in a special order
when this session is over. I would point
out at this time that this resolution was
passed, and the majority of the members
of that committee are members of the
American Farm Bureau Federation, so
the question which must be raised is:
Is this a committee of the House, or is
WEDNESDAY, JULY 12, 1967
this a committee of the American Farm
Bureau Federation?
Mr. Speaker, I will continue to speak
on this.
THE RIGHT OF FREE SPEECH IN
THE CONGRESS
(Mr. O'HARA of Michigan asked and
was given permission to address the
House for 1 minute and to revise and ex-
tend his remarks.)
Mr. O'HARA of Michigan. Mr. Speak-
er, the action taken by the Committee on
Agriculture is without any precedent
during the time I have served in the
House. I think, indeed, that it is a dan-
gerous precedent when a Member of the
House of Representatives cannot ques-
tion the activities or the standing of a
powerful Washington lobby without
running the risk of having the commit-
tee on which he serves adopt a resolu-
tion disassociating themselves from his
statements and characterizing what he
said as a "personal attack." This con-
stitutes an inhibition upon the right of
free inquiry by Members of the Congress
about which we should all be concerned.
For this reason, Mr. Speaker, I want to
express my surprise that the Committee
on Agriculture should feel called upon to
take such action. If any Member dis-
agrees with the remarks of the gentle-
man from New York, regarding the Farm
Bureau, he has this forum in which to
state his disagreement. But the adop-
tion of a resolution by the Committee on
Agriculture, it seems to me, is a very
poor precedent.
PERMISSION FOR COMMITTEE ON
APPROPRIATIONS TO FILE RE-
PORT ON DEPARTMENT OF
TRANSPORTATION APPROPRIA-
TION BILL, 1968
Mr. KIRWAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that the Committee
on Appropriations may have until mid-
night Thursday, July 13, to file a report
on the Department of Transportation
appropriation bill for the fiscal year
1968.
Mr. MINSHALL reserved all points of
order on the bill.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Ohio
[Mr. KIRWAN] ?
There was no objection.
CLIFFORD L. ALEXANDER, JR.: A
MERITED APPOINTMENT
(Mr. MULTER asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. MULTER. Mr. Speaker, President
Johnson has named an outstanding
young Negro American to be Chairman of
the Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission-Clifford Alexander, Jr.
Those of us who have observed Mr.
Alexander's performance as a White
House aide during the past 4 years, know
him to be a capable, dedicated and effec-
tive public servant-wise beyond his
years.
I first met him in Brooklyn some years
ago. I quickly learned to respect his
ability and wide knowledge. He has a
natural knack of genuine cooperation
with his fellow man.
Mr. Alexander has served with great
distinction as Deputy Special Council to
the President. There is every reason to
believe that he will be equally as effec-
tive as head of the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission.
Mr. Alexander knows well that equal
employment opportunity is a key factor
in the Negro's quest for true equal rights
in the United States. His dedication to
this cause is beyond question. His tact,
good sense, and experience will help him
to fulfill the objective of this vital Com-
mission.
I wish Mr. Alexander well. He is as-
suming a difficult post, one that will de-
mand the best of his talents and abilities.
He will be in the vortex of the struggle
for civil rights-and will be expected to
act firmly, but fairly, to all concerned.
I commend President Johnson for the
wisdom of this appointment. Mr. Alex-
ander has well earned the President's
confidence and respect. His appointment
is a hopeful sign that the Equal Employ-
ment Opportunity Commission will have
a key role to play in the progress we seek
for all Americans.
Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr.
Speaker, President Johnson has once
again shown his deep interest in equal
rights for all Americans by nominating
as the new Chairman of the Equal Em-
ployment Opportunity Commission, his
own Deputy Special Counsel, Clifford L.
Alexander, Jr., of New York.
Those who know Mr. Alexander per-
sonally, recognize that he is not only a
highly able qualified young man who
has already served his country in a num-
ber of distinguished positions, but that
he is also a warm and considerate hu-
man being.
Cliff Alexander is one of those new
breed of young men who entered public
service with a selfless devotion to im-
prove the quality of our national life and
strengthen the institutions of democratic
life.
The President made a fine choice when
he brought Mr. Alexander to the White
House staff some 3 or more years ago.
He has now made another excellent
choice in naming him as the new Chair-
man of the Equal Employment Oppor-
tunity Commission.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE July 12, 1967
This nomination is not only a gain for
equal opportunity and civil rights. It is
a gain for government as a whole.
We welcome Clifford Alexander to his
new responsibilities, and we wish him
well in the future.
And we compliment the President on
the quality of his appointments.
GENERAL LEAVE
Mr. MULTER. Mr. ;Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that all Members de-
siring to do so may extend their remarks
on the subject matter of the appointment
of Mr. Alexander as Chairman of the
Equal Employment Opportunity Com-
mission.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from New
York?
There was no objection.
KREMLIN'S DETERMINATION TO BE.-
COME DOMINANT POWER IN THE
MIDDLE EAST,
(Mr. FARBSTEIN asked and was
given permission to address the House
for 1 minute and to revise and extend his
remarks and include extraneous matter.)
Mr. FARBSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, the
relentless efforts of the Soviet Union to
rebuild the bellicose spirit and warmak-
ing potential of the Arab, States testifies
to the Kremlin's unabated determination
to become the dominant power in the
Middle East.
At this very minute, Arab leaders, act-
ing under Soviet advice, may be conspir-
ing in Cairo to resume the war in the
Middle East, while Soviet warships lie at
anchor In Arab ports as testimony to
Russian-Arab solidarity. Meanwhile,
throughout the Arab world new armies
and new air forces are being trained with
modern Soviet equipment.
Mr. Speaker, I fear that our Govern-
ment has not made its own policies in
the Middle East as clear, as they might
be. I am apprehensive that an Arab mis-
calculation might once! again bring
tragedy down on their breads, but with
much more grievous consequences for the
entire world. If such a tragedy ensues
from the current Russian-Arab machina-
tions, it will be the Soviet government
that is to blame.
dent must caution the Russians not to
l(xa their heads. The Soviets are playing
a most dangerous game and the Presi-
deat must inform them that they cannot
wia.
EXTENSION OF THE U.S. CIVIL
RIGHTS COMMISSION
Mr. GLIDE asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute, and to revise and extend his
rei narks. )
:vlr. GUDE. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, I
was unavoidably detained in my office
w1ih consttuents during the vote on
H.:3. 10805, the bill to extend the life of
tho U.S. Civil Rights Commission until
19"3. This independent, bipartisan Com-
mi;sion has made many, very valuable
contributions to furthering the cause of
racial understanding and, therefore, I
am strongly in favor of its continuation.
CONCENTRATION OF OUR NAVAL
STRENGTH IN ONE PLACE
(Mr. GROSS asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute and to revise and extend his
remarks.)
11 r, GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I was aston-
ishud to see an the July 4 issue of the-San
Die 10 Union of San Diego, Calif., a pic-
turo of six U.S. aircraft carriers in the
harbor and shipyards at Long Beach.
One nuclear weapon or device of even
smf,ll dimensions, delivered by air or
subnarine to this one harbor, would
bre,dk'the back of the carrier force of the
U.S. Navy.
'Ihere were six carriers in the same
har aor early in 1956. At that time I spoke
in yppositio:n to the concentration of
carders in this fashion. The then chair-
mai; of the House Armed Services Com-
mit;ee, Mr. 'Vinson, also spoke in oppo-
sition to this kind of concentration of
our naval strength. Although the Navy
never would admit it was wrong in con-
cenl rating these fighting ships in one
place, I thought we had some private
asst rance that this would not occur
again.
Mr. Speaker, I hope that the Navy
will disperse these carriers immediately
and that such a concentration will never
again be permitted for this is an open
invi ration to another Pearl Harbor.
I believe, Mr. Speaker, that our Presi-
would have little, if anything, to do with
the terms of any armistice or treaty be-
tween Israel and the Arab nations, nor
would Congress have much, if anything,
to do with the United Nations role in
premises, and based on prior experiences,
it is not likely that the State Depart-
ment will consult with the Congress as
to the role the United States should play
in bringing about a permanent solution
to the problems confronting Israel,
Egypt, and the other Arab States.
I was given a list of five points that
Mrs. Shinbaum feels should be the basis
of any truce or permanent armistice.
These five points are:
First. The recognition by the Arab na-
tions, once and for all time, of the exist-
ence of the State of Israel and its right
to be a free and sovereign nation.
Second. The recognition by all parties
that the Straits of Tiran and the Gulf
of Aqaba constitute an international
waterway.
Third. That the Suez Canal be open to
Israel vessels.
Fourth. That the Arab nations accord
to American Jewish business firms and
Americans of Jewish descent the same
rights and privileges accorded to other
Americans.
Fifth. That Israel and her warring
neighbors settle the details of peace in
face-to-face confrontation.
I agree that these points are sensible
and sound and should certainly be the
basis of any settlement. To this I think
it should be added that the entire city of
Jerusalem be treated as a single unit
with ready access by all people at all
times and that it should never again be
divided by any boundaries, real or imagi-
nary. I, for one, feel that the actions
Israel took were justified and necessary
for its preservation., As a matter of fact,
if it had been left up to some of our
fuzzy thinkers in the State Department
and the United Nations, Israel would
have continued talking until Nasser and
the other Arab nations were in a posi-
tion to strike the final blow which might
have led to Nasser's promised annihila-
tion of Israel as a people and a state.
The courageous people of Israel should
know and, indeed, all people should know,
that neither the State Department nor
the United Nations reflects the unan-
imous opinions of the non-Jewish
people-either within or outside of
Congress.
takable terms, even though he may have 51'1'UA110N SUPPORT FOR ACTION OF THE
done so privately, that this country will (Mr. DICKINSON asked and was given PRESIDENT IN SENDING CARGO
not tolerate a resumption of Arab ag- permission to address the House for 1 TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT TO THE
gression in the Middle East. I believe that minute and to revise and extend his re- CONGO
our Government must warn the Soviet marks and include extraneous matter.) (Mr. FRASER asked and was given
Union in the most solemn fashion that Mr. DICKINSON. Mr. Speaker, re- permission to address the House for 1
it will hold the Russian policy respon- cent 1y, I had the pleasure of having Mrs. minute and to revise and extend his re-
sible if there is a renewal of hostilities. Sidney C. Shinbaum, president, Council marks.)
I believe that President Johnson should of Jewish Women of Montgomery, Ala., Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, I strongly
convey to Premier Kosygin his intention and vice president, National Women's support the action of President John-
to thwart any effort by the Soviet Union League of America, call on me to express son in sending the three cargo trans-
to take over the Middle Fast, either di- her ioncern over the Arab-Israel situa- port airplanes to the Congo.
rectly or through Arab puppets. tion in the Middle East. Accompanying What apparently happened in the
The Kremlin is mortgaging Arab lives her `were Mrs. Sol Hertzog, regional pres- Congo was that white mercenary mem-
and fortunes to its own nefarious policy idea; of Hadassah and Mrs. Abe Walter, bers of the Congolese Army mutinied, re-
designs. We must make it, clear that we past regional president of Hadassah, both suiting in racial tensions which threat-
will not consent to Israel's; defeat to sat- of Memphis, Tenn. ened not only to jeopardize the security
isfy Russian ambitions. The situation In our discussion, I asked Mrs. Shin- and safety of the people in the Congo
is now growing as dangerous as it was bauni what she wanted me, as a Member but also threatened to exacerbate race
last May. Before it is too late, the Presi- of Congress, to do since Congress itself relations in that part of Africa.
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July 12, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE
not engage in biological and chemical war-
fare against himself and his environment.
Health and well-being-and those of future
generations-are at stake.
"Health experts have repeatedly pointed
out that grave, delayed physical manifesta-
tions can result from repeated exposure to
concentrations of environmental pollutants
so small that they do not make one ill
enough to send him to the doctor. Environ-
mental pollutants can have cumulative ef-
fects, especially because they accumulate in
certain tissues and organs. These effects can
take delayed forms such as cancers, emphy-
sema, and reduced life, span, and they can
even extend to following generations."
The problem of graphically perceiving
these kinds of violence is Importantly one
of dealing with a mass phenomenon: that
Is, our ability to adjust psychologically to
a deteriorating environment while physio-
logically we cannot. For example, our cities
are smothered with polluted air and we ad-
just but our lungs do not. The forces that
stand in the way of restoring the quality of
our environment have led us to trade , at
best an immediate benefit for a deferred
tort. If for no other reason than an aesthetic
one, we should have rejected this ugliness
to make a few suggestions and the
with some specifics.
exponential growth of technology
postwar period has contributed so
dictable result of conscious policymaking's
"Inventing the technological future" is no
longer a utopian or fictional phrase.
Second, by far the most unyielding obsta-
cles to a safer environment are the old
greeds and frailties in modern garb. The
struggle to defend, maintain and amplify
economic power and bureaucratic position
goes on, as it has throughout history, and
nourishes the truncated vision and institu-
tional stasis that are our collective bane.
Sometimes, as in the case of the safety of
cars, drugs, meat, the role of particular cor-
porations looms largest. Othertimes, there
is a convergence of callousness, as in the
tragic case of mining companies, Govern-
ment agencies and industry-indentured un-
ions who permitted unknowing miners to be
exposed to deadly radon gas and the fate of
premature death by cancer.
Third, a key procedural improvement
would be a shift in the burden of proof of
safety levels from the users and consumers
of a product and process to the manufac-
turers and distributors of them. The outcry
of industry and Hill and Knowlton to the
contrary, this country is in its infancy as
far as rigorous pre-marketing safety testing
of products and processes and full disclo-
sure of relevant information are concerned.
The corporate system of pratial and partisan
control, of information crucial to evaluation
of products and risk identification cannot
be reconciled with democratic control of
matters that touch us all.
The recent General Electric color televi-
sion case is illustrative of the deficiencies in
business and government that prevent
prompt foreseeing and forestalling of haz-
ards. On May 18, 1967, General Electric re-
leased an ambiguous and misleading state-
ment that some 90,000 color TV sets pro-
duced between June 1966 and February 1967
"may emit soft X-radiation in excess of de-
sirable levels". The company announced a
S 9475
program to modify these sets which were al- United Kingdom, 4 times than that of Japan,
ready in their purchasers' homes. On the and 15 times higher than that of Norway.
same day, the national center for radiologi- - There were about 140 million diagnostic
cal health of the Department of Health, Edu- X-rays performed In 1964. Dr. Morgan com-
cation and Welfare, issued a statement which ments that "no matter how great the medical
could be dubbed as an adjunct P.R. assur- benefits derived from X rays, this is no justi-
ance for G.E. The "no need to worry" tone fication of the fact that because of the use
of the G.E. statement was recounted along of poor techniques with obsolete and im-
with the declaration that studies made by properly operated equipment, many X ray
the NCRH of several television sets (but not, exposures are ten or more times that needed
as it turned out, G.E.'s offending ones) dur- for the best diagnostic results." He adds that
ing the past six months did not give rise to not only could there be better X ray infor-
concern. NCRH's director, James G. Terrill, mation with one tenth the dosage, but also
Jr., concluded the statement by saying that suoh..improv ent could "prevent hundreds
he had no evidence to suggest what any ? and perhaps th ands of children being
of television sets".
Such a whitewash did
X-ray leak a beam gave off levels ranging
upto 8,0 MR/hour at a distance of 7 inches
from a defective tube, compared with the
,in of .5 MR/hour recommended by the
n tonal council for radiation protection and
sent a private memorandum to the center's
regional representatives to advise any wor-
ried inquirers to turn off their set and not
use it until it is checked and modified. This
advise was not contained in the press re-
lease to the public on May 18, or in any other
subsequent statement by the center.
NCRH's first specific knowledge of the G.E.
problem was said to be on April 10, indi-
cating that the center was in no rush to pro-
tect the exposed people. In fact, it did not
even inform the upper echelons of its own
department. General Electric, on the other
hand, discovered the excessive radiation leak-
age last fall. (Sources in the television com-
ponents industry were aghast that such a
defect could pass quality control from the
outset.) The company did not want to make
public its tragic failing until its hand was
forced months later by the reluctant center,
under decisive prodding by several New York
Ti s. It turned out that 154,208 sets were
prod d with this excess X-radiation leak-
age. Wh G.E. was pondering its corporate
image mo after month, adults, children
and infants whose parents often put them
near the TV se so they can watch both)
were absorbing th a deadly emissions and
many of them still until a G.E. repair-
man comes to fix them. The defective tele-
vision sets, incidentally, ad received the
stamp of approval from t underwriters
laboratory. And the electronic dustries as-
sociation had up to May Conti ally ridi-
culed any suggestion that telev Ion sets
may have an excessive radiation oblem.
The entire episode, and its continua ex-
istence, does little to inspire confiden an
one of the largest corporations in the w Id
or in a government organization called t
national center for radiological health.
handicaps of varying 14egrees, the vast ma-
jority of which go undetected."
Deficient X-ray machines and poorly -
trained operators are so prevalent through-
out the states that a serious federal appraisal
of the adequacy of state regulation is in
order.
New York City probably has the most ac-
tive inspection program in the country. In
1961, over 3,600 X ray units in New York
City were inspected and 92% were found
defective. Many states either have no in-
spection or inspect machines infrequently.
In 1965, the states reported that of a total
number of 113,806 medical X ray units in use,
only 25,174 were inspected. Nearly half of
these were found defective and corrections
were reported in only 7,713. California has
not even finished its first round of inspec-
tions yet. Connecticut has only two inspec-
tors for the entire state, one more than
Indiana has for its people. The value of this
inspection is lessened by the low standards
of machine performance established and the
obsolescence of machines. Shortages of com-
petent personnel, can be gauged by the fact
that in 1965 there were only 143 full time
men working in X- ray survey and control
programs in the entire nation.
Situations are reported which sound
bizarre but are actually not that uncommon.
Professor Hanlon Blatz, director of the New
York City Office of Radiation Control cites
X ray machines with inadequate lead shield-
ing spraying daily doses on unknowing work-
ers in other rooms of the building. Patients
sitting in dental chairs are known to be ex-
posed to radiation from eyeball to abdomen.
Operators of X ray machines are poorly
trained in the majority of cases. Unfortu-
nately, this lack of training includes mem-
bers of the dental and medical professions.
Most physicians receive very little training in
radiology in medical school. At Yale Medical
School, an institution with above average
standards, students take one short course in
radiology which deals solely with the read-
ing of X rays. The students themselves admit
that they feel inadequately prepared to deal
with problems of radiation safety. With the
recent exceptions of New York and Puerto
Rico, no State requires the licensing of X
ficiency examination.
Dr. Granville Larimore of the New York
State Department of Health described the
A far more widespread radiation hazard
from diagnostic and therapeutic radiation is
most persuasive to the point that the ab-
sence of public safeguards in the midst of
alarming knowledge is endemic and not
episodic.
The following facts are drawn from studies
by Dr. Karl Morgan, Director of Health
Physics at the Oak Ridge National
Laboratory:
Medical exposure accounts for about 90%
of all exposure of the U.S. population from
man made sources of ionizing radiation.
The average dose to the gonads in the
U.S. today from medical radiation is as much
Diagnostic radiation (medical and ntal
X-rays) doses in the U.S. are mu higher
than those obtaining in other odern, in-
dustrialized societies. The A erage dose in
the U.S. Is 10 times hdghr,> than that of the
T ey were nurses, secretaries, receptionists,
m dical ssistants, and others working in the
offi es of private physicians. in. For the
mot part their 'training' was limited to a
fe hours of instruction by a representative
of the equipment manufacturers." "Un-
s led operators", says Larimore, "often can
e pose the gonads of patients to as much as
necessary from a purely medical point of
view."
Numerous authorities in radiation control
agree that current levels of diagnostic and
therapeutic radiation could be drastically re-
duced by newer equipment, simple retro-
fitting of older equipment, and competent
operators, without impairing the medical and
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE July 12, 194'
dental professions' exercise of judgment.
More readable X rays could be obtained with
far lower radiation doses. Against the back-
ground of radiation studies, efforts to reduce
doses are urgent, the more that is known
about radiation impact on humans, the
greater is the intolerance :of any. acceptable
level of exposure. Any radiation exposure
may cause some damage to the human body,
either somatic or genetic. 1,xposure must be
kept as low as possible.
What is being done about this situation
at the Federal level? Why has the Federal
Radiation Council remain d aloof from the
greatest emitting source of man made radia-
tion in this country? What Is the U.S. Pub-
lic Health Service doing? What is the func-
tion of the quasi-official National Council on
Radiation Protection and Measurement? Why
have the American Medical Association, the
American Dental Association, the American
Hospital Association, and the professional
radiological organizations displayed so little
concern with this problem? Why have the
manufacturers of X ray equipment not been
more aggressive advocates for selling safety?
Just what are the inhibitions afflicting all
these groups?
The most effective way to publicly air these
questions and inform the; public about the
hazards in a sober manner is the congres-
sional hearing. Fortunately, the years of
waiting are at an end. Where is a strong
likelihood that both the Mouse and Senate
will open hearings on the subject shortly.
Senator E. L. Bartlett (D. Alaska) has just
called for hearings on a radiation safety bill
which he and several other; Senators have in-
troduced. There will the -usual confrontation
between the establishments and its challeng-
ers, the usual agony in getting information
the public has a right to have, and the
struggle of professions and groups to save
face, and to remain free 'of any public re-
straints. The economic pressures and the
State vs. Federal tensions', will surface. Out
of it all, hopefully, will come a resolution of
conflicts and a strong Federal radiation
safety policy. But the law, pnce'passed, tends
toward atrophy or contamination in its ad-
ministration and enforcement under the con-
stant hammering of special interests and
their Washington law firm. So initial efforts
must have follow-through, and for that to
prevail, some portion of the citizenry must
find continuing commitment.
insurance companies-companies which
thsy would own and control, and which
would fill an obvious need for adequate
in;>urance coverage for the least cost. I
se o nothing wrong with this. The com-
panies were founded and have operated
openly and lawfully, and they contribute
millions of dollars annually to the tax
structures of various counties, States, and
the Nation.
As a rancher in Wyoming, later as
Governor of that State, and now as a
Senator, I have worked with many Farm
Bureau members to help improve the
general condition of the agricultural In-
dl:stry so that it might best contribute its
ri?:htful share to the overall welfare of
the Nation.
I have not agreed with every position
taien by Farm Bureau members, just as I
do not always agree with decisions made
by the majority of the Members of this
body; but on the whole, I have found the
policies and activities of Farm Bureau to
re sect reason, honesty, and integrity.
Certainly the very fact that Farm Bu-
retu membership increases each year is a
moans by which to gage whether or not
the activities of the leadership represent
the thinking of the majority of mem-
be rs-for membership is entirely a. volun-
ta y' matter, and those disagreeing with
th actions or philosophy of the organiza-
ti(n are absolutely free not to join, or to
withdraw their support.
In short, Mr. President, I feel that any-
one who is familiar with the many ac-
tivities and fine accomplishments of this
group could not help but admire the
manner in which it works to better the
lot, of the farmer and rancher and society
as a whole.
Farm Bureau policy is built from the
ground up. It does not filter from the top
down. It begins at the local community
lei~el and is developed by examination,
discussion, and debate at the district,
State, and eventually the National level.
Farm Bureau has nothing to fear from
ar.y investigation that is concerned with
fasts and trlyth.
ATTACK ON FARM BUREAU
REGRETTABLE l?' 'THE PALESTINIAN REFUGEE
Mr. HANSEN. Mr. President, in view PROBLEM
of recent statements made during hear- YIr. GORE. Mr. President, whoever
ings by the House Subcommittee on Rural tries to understand the Palestinian refu-
Development, on the floor of the House of gee problem reaches for the true nature
Representatives and in subsequent news of tragedy. For 20 years a just resolution
stories, I wish to speak in defense of the of this problem has defied the best efforts
goals and activities of the Farm Bureau. of the United Nations as well as the in-
Having operated a cattle ranch in di'ridual efforts of many nations, Includ-
Wyoming most of my life, I am reason- in;; the United States.
ably familiar with some' of the problems Indeed, we have only to consider what
and needs of agricultural people and the has been the result of these 20 years of
role the Farm Bureau has played in co acern: during the Arab-Israel conflict
working to solve these problems and fu]- which followed the partition of the
fill these needs. Palestine Mandate in 1948, an estimated
As a Farm Bureau member, I have had -75),000 Arabs fled from their homes in
occasion to observe at first hand the Palestine and took refuge in Jordan,
unique policymaking rrocess through Syria, Lebanon, and a small enclave of
which the organization's members define 14) square miles of barrenness known as
their problems and collectively outline the Gaza strip.
courses of action to solve: them. ~'oday, after 20 years of dedicated ef-
Certainly no one but the farmer or fo:t by the United Nations Relief and
rancher himself is more utely aware of W.)rks Agency-UNRWA-and the in-
the need for a better standard of rural ve;tment of over $400 million by the
living. It was a desire o improve their United States alone, the central facts are
economic status which prompted Farm th -se: the original 750,000 Arab refugees
Bureau members acros$ the Nation to now number 1.3 million, with over 720,-
promote the establishment of their own 00) in Jordan and almost 400,000 in
Gaza; in addition, 40,000 new refugee
children are born each year; over one-
half the total number of refugees are
under the age of 20; the refugee birth
rate is one of the highest, if not the very
highest, in the world today; one quarter
of a million Arab children are now
awaiting a place on the relief rolls.
These statistics are sobering and
shocking, but the condition of these peo-
ple is even more disturbing. The refugees
themselves remain barely preserved from
starvation by the United Nations.
UNRWA, the United Nations relief or-
ganization, is only able to provide each
refugee with $14 worth of food per year,
approximately 4 cents a day. From my
own observation-both in 1959 and now
again from a visit from which I returned
yesterday--these tragic people are
hungry, miserable, embittered and im-
poverished, burdened with unwanted and
uncared for children, numb and gen-
erally impassive, yet vulnerable to fanati-
cal hate stimulated by those who hope
for a triumphal return to a Palestine
cleansed of Jews. Desperation has bred
disillusion; misery has spawned hatred;
and years of idleness and want have
withered pride in labor. These are the
ingredients of a vast human tragedy
which, if understood, would shock the
conscience of mankind. This, Mr. Presi-
dent, is a veritable seedbed for political
violence, hate, and another war.
The refugee problem does not lie sim-
ply in the field of economics, even though
the hard core of refugees is composed
of unskilled farmers and laborers-in-
digestible commodities to countries such
as Jordan, Egypt, and Syria, already
saturated with unskilled and unlearned
peasants. The problem is much deeper
and in many respects has symbolized the
basic Arab-Israel dispute.
Until the events'of the past few weeks,
the Israeli position on. the repatriation
of the refugees was readily definable. Is-
rael's answer was the insistence that the
refugee problem could only be dealt with
as part of a peace treaty between the
Arabs and Israel. This is now, in my
view, neither appropriate nor enough.
As we are all aware, for the Arabs to
subscribe publicly to a formal agreement
with Israel has been impossible.
I am convinced by my experience and
talks on this trip that the Arabs are as of
now emotionally and politically incapa-
ble of a formalized peace agreement
with Israel. Moreover, Israel has been re-
luctant to alter the demographic pattern
of the country or to introduce a potential
security threat by absorbing even a mod-
est number of the refugees. For instance,
in 1949 Israel first offered and then
withdrew an offer to repatriate 100,000
refugees because it carne to be regarded
as a threat to permanence of the Jewish
homeland, so long sought by a suffering
'and persecuted people.
To many Arab political leaders, the
perpetuation of the misery of the refu-
gees was a powerful propaganda pawn
in a game directed at the extermination
of Israel. To the more moderate leaders,
the option of repatriation and return or
compensation for property was an im-
portant article of faith. Perhaps more
important, the rights and the plight of
the refugees symbolized a surging quest
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July 12, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENAT
J
Israel
throughout the Arab world for not only gress to enter Jordan after the war. fore urged Jordanian and offt-
justice c the refugees but for dignity while in and othI spoke er high with officials rand ugees to their former of these ref -
and respect n the west
and refor the Arab. Minister
Both positions were appealing--strong visited several of the temporary camps bank. UNRWA officials have also urged
moral arguments were mustered for where an estimated 180,000 to 200,000 such a return. Also, on July 8, I sent a
both. But whatever chance existed for new refugees are kept in camps that defy cable to President Johnson and to the
sensible discussion and possible resolu- description in misery and human deg- Secretary of State Dean Risk, which I
tion of the refugee problem was de- radation. Men, women and children are will read to the Senate at this time:
stroyed by strident voices of hate and huddled on the, hot and burning sand f Mr. President, cahave use e ba made Mid-East nuir War. new
fear. Given this impasse, it is no wonder with but few eager possessions or r reecta Beirut to causer with arir-
that peace in the Middle East has been clothing, many being without even a General of UNRWA, Jordan and Israel. In
shattered every 10 years by brutal and small tent or cooking utensils. There are Jordan I spoke with Prime Minister and
senseless wars. no sanitation facilities and little water. visited temporary camps where some esti-
And now there is a new and still larger In Israel, I spoke with Israel leaders mated 180,000 new or displaced refugees from
refugee problem. As a result of Israel's such as Abba Eban, the Foreign Minis- Jordan n West Bank at a are i cond do ptionn hu-
stunning military victories, the nature of ter, and Ted Kollek, the mayor of Jeru- suffering own I have urge d Jordanian offi-
profoundly Palestine refugee problem has been salem, and others. I also visited the now Upon cials to i y o of that ave refugees return
profoundly altered. In the aftermath of virtually empty Jericho refugee camp their former camps on the West Bank. Jor-
danian war, Israel has suddenly found it- on the west bank of the Jordan and later danian officials agree. UNRWA officials have
self, virtually overnight, in the position inspected the vast refugee area in Gaza, urged such return. Israel has announced per-
of having "repatriated," so to speak, a vast concentration camp on the sand, mission for their return beginning July 10.
more than a half a million refugees. For if you will. Unfortunately conditions for return not yet
a country that once withdrew an offer I returned from my conversations with adequately clarified. Israel high officials in-
my Red Cross but just two days been detailed d
to repatriate 100,000 refugees the sud- Arab and Israeli leaders and from form that conditions have been detailed to
den responsibility of acquiring five times visits to refugee camps with one domi- time Jordanian Government has, to my
that many must come as a shock. Its nant impression, it was that a willing- knowledge, not been informed through any
effect, however handled, will be pro- ness on the part of Israel to deal with the authorized channel of the conditions of such
found. Many may consider the presence refugee problem in a magnanimous and transfer.
of over a half million refugees within humane way could be a small-but enor- Today I have visited the Jericho refugee
the area occupied by Israel as a danger mously critical-step toward peace in complex in the West Jordan area. Camps are
to Israel. In one sense, this is probably the Middle East. I believe that this is virtually empty, with only 3.000 to 4,000 of
original 75,000 refugees remaining. Camps
true. But in my view, these unfortunate true regardless of the political future of are in condition, far far superior to present
victims of conflict are both a responsi- the newly occupied areas. Indeed, I am plight. Sanitation facilities intact. Humane
bility and an opportunity for Israel. If convinced that the refugee problem and considerations require return to these and
Israel meets this challenge in a mag- a political settlement in the Middle East other camps.
nanimous way, as I believe she can, then are so tightly entwined that a political have my unofficial alsl cot Israeli officials
world will o stress:
gates to the Middle East, previously settlement is impossible without progress I (1) ve W stressed e and
pledge anx-
io (1) for good faith will be watching
closed to her, may become open. And on the refugee problem. (
Israel's future is in the Middle East, I think this connection between the allow innocent refugees to return in an or-
with which she is now face to face as refugee problem and a political settle- derly, humane manner.
never before. ment is realized in Tel Aviv, however (2) Assurances appear necessary that ref-
Mr. President, because the recent war dimly at this moment, and perhaps also ugees will be permitted to receive remit-
has created such an entirely new situa- in the Arab countries. Let there be no tances or other funds sent by relatives work-
tion for the Arab refugees and because mistake, Israel has taken on an enormous ing in other Arab countries and that said
relatives, with proper identification and con-
it appears such a key to possible equa- responsibilty in assuming over 500,000 trol, will be able to visit families.
tions of peaceful coexistence in this troll - refugees-that is a number which repre- I have communicated these personal con-
bled part of the world, I revisited the sents roughly 20 percent of Israel's en- victions to both Israeli and Jordanian offi-
Middle East to see and learn and report. tire population. In the United States, a cials.
Once before, in 1959, I inquired into the comparable action would be for the Please be assured I have emphasized I
administration of the refugee problem. U.S. Government to suddenly acquire speak only as an individual Senator with a
After a careful look at the UNRWA prob- 40,000,000 basically untrained, unlettered, deep interest in this human problem. Am-
the has also foregoing points in emphasized nu the
he
lem, I then reported to the Senate that and fearful new citizens. Thus, for better bassador importance Barbour
there were serious problems in the or worse, Israel will never quite be the erous conversations and has extended to me
UNRWA program in Jordan because of same if it assumes responsibility for these the most hospitable cooperation.
the fraudulent and corrupt use of ra- refugees. Perhaps compassionate treatment of these
tion cards. This situation was particu- Over the next few months, Israel faces victims of conflict could smooth the path to
larly appalling because many refugees, a number of important decisions that conditions of peaceful co-existence in this
primarily children who needed and de- could affect the whole future of the Mid- distraught area.
served assistance, were denied help be- dle East. I refer to the immediate prob- Reports since then have unfortunately
cause of flagrant profiteering on the part lem of handling the some 180,000 refu- indicated that my misgivings about the
of puny relief racketeering. Despite as- gees from the west bank of Jordan who state of planning for the return of the
surances from both Jordanian and fled into east Jordan during fighting, and refugees were justified. On Monday, July
American officials that an effective re- to the other thousands in the valley and 10, the first day of the return period, the
form would take place, little rectification in Gaza who did not flee. The whole Associated Press reported that hundreds
of the relief rolls has been accomplished. world is now watching how Israel will of refugees came to the Allenby Bridge in
I mention this problem of rectifica- handle this first test of its declared pol- hopes of returning to the west bank of
tion of the refugee relief rolls because icy to approach the refugee problem in the Jordan. According to this report, they
the same problem is still before us, and a humane and magnanimous fashion. were turned away. They were turned
now that there are so many new or dis- Thus far, despite Israel's assurances that away, as I understand it, not because of
placed refugees it is imperative that the it would allow refugees to return to their Israel's intention to keep them out, but
available supplies be given only to those homes over the Jordan River between because arrangements through the Inter-
whose needs and eligibility have been July 10 and August 10, both the planning national Red Cross and by the two coun-
properly certified. and execution of this commitment have tries concerned had not been completed.
I visited Beirut, Lebanon, where I spoke been unfortunately inadequate. After I regret this delay and the very obvious
at length with Lawrence Michelmore, the talking to Arab and Israel officials last human suffering it has caused. At the
Commissioner-General of the United week, I came to the conclusion that plan- same time, I have every confidence, on
Nations Relief and Works Agency, and ning was insufficient and that something the basis of my discussions with Israel
with prominent and official Lebanese. needed to be done if the refugees were to leaders, that the situation will be rem-
After leaving Beirut, I was fortunate return in an expeditious fashion. On the edied and that most of the refugees who
enough to be the first Member of Con- basis of my own observations, I there- wish to return will be permitted so to do.
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 S 9478 Approved For RtwKE5S4NO: CIA-RDP69B00369R000200300036-2
r T. RR('nRn-CrXTAT'>c Ir__s
Mr. President, I cannot over emphasize
the importance of what;happens over the
next few weeks and months in Israel's
dealings with the Arab refugees. If Is-
rael should live up to its promise to re-
patriate the Arab refugees by investing
in the economics, in the agriculture and
the industry of the refugee areas, and in
the rehabilitation of the people into pro-
ductive enterprise, the cause of peace in
the Middle East will be greatly advanced,
or so it seems to me. I believe the world
is of one mind with regard to humane
treatment of the refugees. This con-
sensus for compassion just might be the
easiest, if not the only path, to de facto,
though undeclared, formulas for peace-
n?tting in that it brought into focus some The navies have greater funds an,d research
of the problems we will face In the fu- capabilities at their service than do the fish-
tt.re. cry people, or anyone else dealing with the
I believe that this paper should be ocean, and a major factor in the present stir
read by everyone who shares my con- over the use of the ocean derives from spin-
urn for our country's future use of the Eros of new sknowlege ource off 9 r of the ocean which this
esearch a Ban's resources. Therefore, I ask unan- are now reaching the civilian seconomy. which
inious consent that it be printed in the 9 mx- .--1 --
There being no objection, the A wag said a generation or two ago, that
paper was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, bodybdoes alnkythingt bout it. Thisuis no
as follows: longer the case. The state of the weather
rHE STAT:s OF OCEAN USE MANAGEMENT has become so Important in the total opera-
(By Dr. Wilbert McLeod Chapman, for pre- tion of our present complex societies that it
sentation to the second session of the FAO requires to be capable of prediction beyond
the 3ommittee on Fisheries, Rome, April 24, beneficially ialthen and here, and modified
;967) when and where
o
sibl
p
s
e. It is
fur relations In the Middle East. If Israel INTRODUCTION now apparent that the atmosphere in which
should be able, not only to care for these the weather occurs forms with the ocean one
]dr. Chairman, Distinguished Delegates, integrated heat engine in which most of
innocent victims of the conflict in the Laalies and Gentlemen, it is a great honor the energy although ultimately deriving from
East, but tomprove their to be askeedtter o d nvoutlwiisn assembly. From the sun, comes into the atmosphere as ef-
lot. I say la
of a gradual developn ent of working
agreements between some of the Arab
states and Israel. Perhaps a permanent
structure for peace in the Middle East
will not come until there has been a series
of de facto working agreements between
Arab and Jew. In any event, I think an
overall political settlement is impossible
tar.ce which I attach to the deliberation vof 1e Havingrunderstoo3ythis facteitethen be-
the Committee on Fisheries. comes necessary to learn how the ocean
I have had the pleasure of meeting on reservoired energy enters the atmosphere
international fishery affairs with nearly all and affects its movements before the weather
of you on other occasions over the past can be predicted with much better preci-
thi:?ty-odd years either In these halls, or at sion, or anything much can be done about
other meetings elsewhere in the world. Often It. But it is just exactly that 71% of the
this has been as a member of a delegation earth's surface covered by salt water where
of he United States, and sometimes as an there are the least weather stations and ob-
hidividual acting In the role of an rode- servation points. The enormous
tier ad.,,~ ....... _.... -~ ._ __ ...r
at h
a th
e eginning or this address that of solar energy on this planet. They effects
at the
refugee ""''
problem n these terms. I an here today as a very Independent ex- of Its energy fluxes on planetary weather are
For my own part, I will support an in- per;. I have no idea that what I have to say bound to be considerable, but we know the
crease in the U.S. contribution to will be in agreement with policies of the least about this piece of water that we do of
UNRWA relief activities if Israel and United States Government or that of any any ocean, and very little, indeed, about the
the Arab countries show good will in the other entity with which I am associated energy fluxes within Its Complex structure,
treatment ountr refugees; pro:'essiorlally. or between it and the atmosphere. Nor do the As I sn the nefu few; months will be Mr. Jackson has asked me to speak today we have observation stations in it yet to find
on the state of ocean use management in the out.
critical to the future of the Middle East, wor.d, the possible impact on this of the The same is largely true of the South
several forces clustering around the United Atlantic, the southern Indian Ocean, and the
FOOD FROM THE SEA-PART II Nat efts resolution of 8 December, 1966, on boundaryless seas of Antarctica. The south-
"Re.sovrces of the Sea," the moving events ern hemisphere Is the water hemisphere
Mr. BARTLETT. Mr., President, the and the forces at work on these matters in- where the most of the energy to drive the
mineral And biological President, t, the tern ally in the United States, and elsewhere atmosphere Is received and reservoired, but
mineral and i in tie world, and related matters. the observation points to keep track of the
sea exceedingly gres.t and the use Mile is, to coin a phrase, a wriggling mass energy fluxes that drive the air and make the
made of them by the nations of the of very lively worms, and upon closer Inspec- weather are mostly on land In the land
world, while important' does not ap- tion each worm is found to have a head on hemisphere of the North. So are the meteor-
proach full use. Use of the full potential bott ends full of sharp teeth ready to snap ologists.
of the sea for the benefit of mankind is a off prodding fingers. It is therefore with some It Is obvious that the meteorologists must
goal which will be attained, if at all, trep.dation that I began my prodding, and get to sea, they must go south, and they
many years in the future. Before that take care to absolve the United States Gov- must establish observation points in the
happy day arrives, there are many or anyone else, from blame for what ocean. This is a matter of such moment that
y ques- I wilt say. After careful examination and long our government has been restructured, by a
tions that must be answered, Some are studq I do not know what United States combination of sea and all- activities within some sense that in ento esemust be made as any~ay any, is on very many of these things vviironmental1eScience Services Into
Administtra-
ari essential first step, and some are legal. so as ocEAN USE INTERESTS IN THE VNrTED tion, in order to deal with this problem more
The harvest of oceanic resources with- STATES strectturin This is not
g the end yet of re-
in the territorial limits of an Countr to achieve the United States a
Y Y It is useful at first to enumerate some of to achieve this objective, and similar amen-
r activi-
that borders the sea will be controlled by the .several forces at work in this field of ties are being undertaken in other govern-
that country. I think it is safe to assume international relations, particularly in the ments. This Is having an impact on the
that the long-term welfare of such a Unit ;dStates, so far as they can be separated World Meteorological. Organization, and
country will assure proper management from each other and dealt with indepen- through this on the problems with which
of its coastal resources. Proper manage- dently. Among these are: we are dealing today.
however, is something else. it has risen In- chief thing about the nuclear powered oceanographers and meteorologists to keep,
truly said that everybody's responsibility subn arine is that once it goes below the sur- or be kept, separately In their respective
is nobody's responsibility. Nowhere is face )f the ocean and is lost track of there ivory towers. It turns out that they are
this more obvious and more pregnant is founnod existin again until it technology b which it can be studying different aspects Of' the same thing,
g by the ocean-atmospherehere; heat engine,
with danger for the resources-than in wants to ea found. neither can underaknd its part tit they
Loaded with its armament of nuclear tipped r
the area of management of the resources Inter sontinentai Ballistic Missiles it is work together. It also turns Out that thei caps- customers who pay the bills want them both
of the high seas. ble of doing great damage even to the inner-
At ameeting of the FAO Committee most reaches of the largest land masses, to come down out of their Ivory towers and
on Fisheries held early this year in I w11 say no more on this sensitive subject beAsnanounderl ninguofethetslast comment,
Rome, Italy, Dr. Wilbert !M. Chapman save to say that the problem navies have In the United States Navy has felt that its need
presented a paper entitled `The State of detecting and catching submarines is not for advanced atmospheric and oceanic
Ocean Use . Management." In it he dis- cone?tually dissimilar from that which fish- weather predictive capabilities was so urgent
cussed at some length some of the prob- ermer. have In detecting and catching fish, that it could not await these adjustments in
isms of management of the high seas Both wish to lower their cost per ton of the civilian sector. Accordingly, it has es-
catching and both require about the same tablished its own analytical and predictive
resources. Dr.. Chapman's paper was in- sort of inform;i?tion and understanding of service respecting ocean air and weather on
teresting to me, and it was most illuml- the ocean environment with which to do so. a world wide basis. From this the fisheries
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