BENT ON REPEATING MISTAKES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP69B00369R000100240035-1
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 13, 2004
• Sequence Number: 35
• Publication Date: May 25, 1967
• Content Type: OPEN

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May 25, .t ~ ` ~ L RECORD - APPENDIX
Secretary Dean Rusk at Erskine College secretary of State DEAN RUSK. Mr. Watts, countries with whom we have relations AncP*
President Wightman, members and distin- most of those have some bearing upon the
SPEECH guished guests of the scholarly community relations between those countries and the
of Erskine College-it is a very great pleasure United States. Indeed my staff tells me that
OF indeed for me to be here for the inaugura- I have now lived through 58 coup d'etats
HON. WM. JENNINGS BRYAN DORN tion of Joseph Wightman as your next Presi- somewhere in the world, and I want you to
dent. I would gladly yield my time to the know that CIA did not cause any one of them.
OF SOUTH CAROLINA Choraliers, If they would let me. (Laughter.) (Laughter.)
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES But I want to thank you for the warm wel- We send out 1,000 cables a day from our
Wednesday, Ma 24, 1967 come that you have given me on this cam- Department, all over the world. I presume to
1f pus and in this community. There are mo- think that most of you would agree with
Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, Erskine Col- ments when that is especially appreciated by most of them, if you had a chance to see
lege
at Due West, S.C., in my CAngreS- a Secretary of State. (Laughter.) ' them, and most of them indeed are public-
legeal di eict, was S.C., fortunate to have Some time ago I was on my way to a large public information. But there is going to be sion Secretary of State Dean Rtek Behave university to make a speech, and about 30 dramatic change. That means that we must
minutes the inaugural address when Dr. Joseph sent me a message, saying, there control a thou- this tempstuousgworld. Genera Ogmar Brad-
Wightman became president on April 29. sand people here to meet you, Mr. Secretary. ley, a very wise man, said some years ago
This day was one of the greatest in the Well I wasn't born yesterday, so I sent a that the time has come for us to chart our
history of Erskine and indeed in the his- message back saying, if there are a thousand course by the distant stars, and not by the
Cory of South Carolina. people there to meet the Secretary of State, lights of each passing ship. And so, given
Erskine is he only Associate Reformed they obviously are carrying signs. What do the certainty of change, we need to seek, to
in the signs say? (Lau hter )
g
b
GETTYS and his lovely wife, Mary Phil-
lips Gettys, are graduates of this out-
standing institution.
Mr. Speaker, I commend to the Con-
gress, to the academic community, and
to all of our people the superb and
timely address of Secretary Rusk:
ADDREss BY HON. DEAN RUSK AT ERSKINE
COLLEGE, DUE WEST, S.C., APRIL 29, 1967
MODERATOR. Friends of Erskine College, our
guest speaker has honored President Wight-
man, Erskine College and the state of South
Carolina by his presence today. We are grate-
ful to him for taking this time from his busy
schedule. Secretary Rusk is a native of Geor-
gia and he was graduated from Davidson
College, where he majored in Political Science
and played on the basketball team.
Dr. Graham Martin, who is with us today,
now President of Davidson College, was a
classmate of Secretary Rusk. Erskine played
basketball twice, While Secretary Rusk was
on the team. Several who played on the
Erskine team, including one of our own
Board members, Evan Reed, are with us
today. I might add that Erskine won the
game in 1930 (laughter and applause) by a
score bf 32 to 27. Secretary Rusk was high
scorer, with 13 points. (Applause.)
To be fair, and because he follows me later,
I must say that Davidson won the 1931 game
by a score of 37 to 23.
Winning a Rhodes scholarship, he studied
philosophy, politics and economics at St.
Johns College, Oxford, from 1931 to 1934.
While at Oxford, he wrgte an essay which
was awarded the Cecil Peace Prize. Dr. Wight-
man also attended Oxford and graduated
from Oxford in 1938. It was at Oxford that
Secretary Rusk and Dr. Wightman had the
same tutor, Dr. William Conrad Costin. Sec-
retary Rusk is a member of Phi Beta Kappa,
and his keen interest in education is evi-
denced by the fact that he has been award-
ed honorary doctoral degrees by 13 colleges
and universities.
As you will obp erve, he scored 13 points
against us, and hp has 13 honorary degrees,
but Erskine will break this tie today. (Laugh-
ter.)
Secretary Rusk has devoted his life to pub-
lic service. Accomplishment of his long pe-
riod of unselfish service, as an educator,
soldier, and statesman are well known. His
manner, patience and tact in the pursuit of
world peace are appreciated by all. It is If
distinct honor to present the Honorable.
Dean Rusk, Secretary of State. (Applause.)
mond, and your own Congressman Dorn fromthis District; your own Congressman Gettys, distinguished alumnus of this college. I'm happy to be at Erskine. I've had many ties Erskine College over the years, through family and friends, and once in a while on a basketball court. I take some satisfaction that my lifetime record against Erskine is 1 and 1. That should lead to some harmony here today.But in any event, Davidson and Erskine have learned a good deal over the years about how to lose sporting events gracefully. That's why we call it character building. (Laughter.) But to be at Erskine at a time in which you are inaugurating Joseph Wight- man is a very special pleasure indeed. He and I just missed each other at St. Johns College, Oxford. In the Oxford parlance, I "went down" the year he "came up." I've been try- ing to think of some suitable lesson to drawfrom that particular expression, but I haven't been able to find one that would be of advantage to me. (Laughter.) But W. C. Costin, that remarkable tutor, and later President of St. Johns, sent me the warmest message about how happy he wasthat Dr. Wightman will be the President of Erskine College, and I will put that message,along with the other memos of this occa- sion-mementos of this occasion-In the record. Today I'm not going to read a speech to you. I want to talk for a few minutes, very personally, and very informally, chiefly to the young people, as though we were sittingaround in groups of 10 or 12 in a faculty liv-ing room somewhere to give, you some im-pressions about how your Secretary of Statelooks at the world these days, and what he thinks about it, and what your concerns andour concerns are, and ought to be, and what they may be in the future. would urge you first to know that for as long as you live, we shall be in a period of breathtaking change. If a youn
would ask me today, for what must g bee T p pared all honesty I would have to say, for whatever ver comes. And where better to learn the basic ideas for whatever comes, than in
a Liberal Arts college like Erskine College. How can I illustrate that change? In 1946 when the architects of the United Nations were instructed by the UN to build a new headquarters, they told them to pre- pare for 60 members, but for a possible ex-pansion to 75. Last fall they admitted the, 122nd member, to the United Nations. Dur- ing each calendar year there are elections or changes of government in at least 50 of the
eonably predictable, to stay steady on course,
so that not only our friends, but our po-
tential adversaries will be able to know
something
about what our conduct will
be. Because if we should act fitfully, without
purpose, , without reason, the world situation
could deteriorate into chaos and violent
chaos very quickly. And again, where better
to look for those great central themes of
policy
than in a college like Erskine. Today
I shall mention two of them. The first, gov-
ernments derive their just powers from the
consent
of the governed. If you think that is
trite, take care-and try to improve upon it,
by the way. Because this simple notion,
which was derived by Thomas Jefferson and
his colleagues out of at least 2,000 years of
discourse on the political nature of man,
serves as a scarlet thread of policy for a
nation like ours, where the people rather
believe that this proposition is true. It is
why
we have welcomed so many new na-
tions into the community of nations, as the
colonial systems have yielded up these na-
tionally independent
units. It's why we are
concerned as people, about what goes on at
times behind the respective curtains. It is
why we are much more intimate with dem-
ocracy than we are with dictatorships in our
foreign relations, why we are so deeply con-
cerned if there are still tasks to be done, to
give the great promises of our Declaration
of Independence and our Constitution to all
of our citizens here at
home.
Governments derive their just powers from
the
consent of the governed. I have ire-
quently said to incoming ambassadors, com-
ing into Washington to represent their caun-
tries, that if they want to know how to pre-
dint with reasonable accuracy the attitudes
of the American people toward a great vari-
ety.of events In the course of a year, just to
keep their eyes on that rather simple pro-
position. . Second-and I want to dwell on
this
for a few minutes-the necessity for
the
half organization of my of a durable peace. At least
remember remember World listeners War II. can no ? longer
. And fewer than
that can remember the events which led u
to World War II. One of my concerns is that
we put more time between that struggle
and our day, the great central question of
1945 hall be will
s
negliigento ande carbackground eless about and bee w cause that great central question was, the
organization of a durable peace.
The lessons drawn from that war are writ-
ten into Article I of the United Nations
Charter. And I would hope that many of you
would take a little extra time to read over
once again, that Article I, but this time a
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res
yterlan College in the world and is
understand, those central Ideas which give
Ina few moments came back the message, some order in the Inidst of tumult. Further
a truly magnificent example of higher we've had a re-count, there are only 50- than that, what United States Itself shall
education in a beautiful setting of yes- come on in, the natives are friendly. (Laugh- do will be one of the organizing factors on
terday, molding intellect and character ter.) I'm very happy to be here on this the world scene. With so much power, so
to meet the needs of tomorrow. platform, with three very distinguished mem- much influence, what we do makes a differ-
Our own great distinguished colleague bers of your congressional delegation in ence to almost everyone else.
in this Congress, the Honorable TOM Washington, who spend so much labor there It is necessary therefore for use to be rea-
fnr
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX May 25, 1967
little more carefully, a little more prayer- men are to inhabit this planet together. need to join hands to get our common tasks
fully, with full recognition of what it is Therefore I hope that all of us can agree that done, including those common tasks which
you're reading. It says that if we must or- organizing a durable peace is the central affect the daily lives of ordinary men and
ganize peace, we must suppress acts of ag- question for mankind, and then let us If we women throughout the world. A growing
gression and breaches of the peace, that we shall, and we must, let us differ if we will, recognition that the use of massive force is
must settle our disputes by peaceful. means, about how to do it-ho* to get there, but an irrational act for governments to >er-
that we must extend the privileges of self let us not be contemptuous of the question, form. Many signs that the community of
the
determination to men right around the globe, unless we wish to be frivolous about the mdsis beging to e of raw power-that its
hand upt t: ere
and that we must cooperate across national survival of the human race.
frontiers, to get on with the great humani- Now this is why we have to think seriously yet, and we have not reached the possibility
tarian tasks of mankind. about the commitments which we under- of a period of prudence by giving away
I would invite our young people to a dis- take, this is why a failure on our part to meet Azerbaijan, in 1946, or the eastern provinces
course between generations on this subject of a commitment may very likely open the of Turkey, or by yielding Greece to the guer-
organizing a durable peace, an honest, sober, doors to that very catastrophe which we must rillas, or by abandoning Berlin to the
penetrating, searching discourse, marked at all costs somehow prevent. It's not just blockade, or by forgetting about South l.Korea,
with mutual respect on both sides, because one little country, it's not just one rather or the Philippines or Malaya, or the Congo.
I'm quite sure that we older people have distant part of the world-it Is the central or by welcoming the missiles into Cuba as
things which we ought to be forgetting, old question as to whether nations will insist good neighbors. It has been a long and iiii-
passions and old prejudices, old scars which upon living under law, or whether those cult, and upon occasion, a bloody path to a
we have not permitted to heal, old suspicions who would seize their neighbors by force point where the prospect for peace looks a
which stand in the way of taking some risks will have a chance to let their appetites grow little better than it might have looked come
for peace. And on that, you younger people upon the feeding, gather their momentum, time ago. But there is still something to . It
a must help those of us who have more years. and impose upon us all a catastrophe when be done
all that has ha agredy. sthat ince on1945ce
yaa.ng
On the other side, some of you younger peo- it is too late to prevent it.
ple have the problem of trying to learn about I spoke earlier about the power and in- Americans must hazard all that they have
the living reality in those things which fluenoe of the United States. I hope you will if we are to organize that durable peace. I
you've had no chance to remember. And on not underestimate our capacity to do what assure you we shall leave no possible avenue
that, some of us who are older perhaps can is necessary, not only for our own interests, to peace unexplored-through our own. effort,
be of some help to you in that discourse. but for the peace of the world. There are through the effort of at least half the gov-
As a father of college students, I'm per- burdens to be borne, and American people aernments of ttempting to the bring world, that through eh abougmi;ly
fectly aware of the fact that it's a little ob- have borne these burdens with a gallantry gr p4-
noxious for us to say to young people that and a faith, and a hope in this postwar rectly or indirectly-singly or in ou
we too once were young. (Laughter.) But period, in a way that is almost unexampled publicly or privately. But let us be careful
that was only yesterday, and. if you smile pa. in history. Our Gross National Product is about opening those gates to brute force if
tiently today, tomorrow you'll know what I equal to that of all of the NATO countries man is to survive.
mean, But if you wonder why some of us and Japan combined-twice that of the So- Dr. Wightman, Erskine College has selected
show a certain passion about. this notion of viet Union, and the gap is continuing to well, in asking you to be its Presiders;. We
organizing a durable peace, bear with me just widen-ten times that of Mainland China, ask a great deal of those who become: priest-
for a moment, for a recollection of another out of which they have to meet the needs of dents of our fine colleges and universities, a
student period, and another student genera- some 700 million people, a Gross National great deal of devotion, and dedication, selfless
tion. I was in the Oxford Union, as an under- Product ten times that of all of Latin Amer- service, the best of one's mind can bring to
graduate on that evening in 1933, when the ica. We can afford to do what has to be done, bear, the loftiest concepts which ones spirit
Oxford Union passed a motion saying, this and we can afford to do it cheerfully. Don't can bring to the task, and interminable toil
house will not fight for king and country, sell your country short as to its purposes, its in the daily affairs of making any fine insti-
The man who moved that motion was the motives, its aspirations, and at this point I tution work well. My congratulations to the
philosopher C. E. M. Joad--.brilliant, witty, would like to ask our friends from other faculty and students of Erskine on your
eloquent-he carried the day. Six years later countries, to forgive just a little presume- appointment--my respect to you for your
C. E. M. Joad put out a statement to those tion, and let Americans talk among Ameri- readiness to take on so great and so chal-
same young people, in effect saying, sorry cans just for a moment. lenging a job. Thank you very much
Lord Acton once remarked that power (Applause.)
tinere s rn -----
American peciplu
without the arms and without the training, corrupt absolutely. e
and without the prevention which I and came out of World War II, with unbelievable -~ C.
others who felt like me, in the Western world, power-physical power. That power has since
many fold-many, many Bent on Rep rdtilig MI e
ee ultipiie
il h
n
uma
""
r And we had the same spokesmen in this lusts-fra
country, who helped to prevent the got- all, now hold in our hand power which if used EXTENSION OF REMARKS
ernments of that day from taking the steps would create effects which the mind of man w or
to prevent World War II. And so that gen cannot comprehend. And those who are re- HOIV> CHARLES E. WIGG',~PIS
eration went Into World War II, and there sponsible for keeping this beast in Its cage
were tens of millions of lives lost, and Article are thankful at the end of every day for one OF CALIFORNIA
I of the United Nations Charter was bought more day in which the cage holds, tight. IN THE HOUSE OF REIPRESENTA''C7 VE;S
with those lives. So when I hear today, It's But the presumption is this-I dont my-
too far away-it's not our business, or wheln self believe that that fantastic power has Thursday,. May 25, 1967
I hear, well if he takes one more bite per- corrupted the American people. I believe that Mr. WIGGINS.Mr. Speaker, the Mem-
haps he'll be satisfied; or if I hear, well, we've the purposes of this nation in world affairs
been rude to him, so let's help him to feel are relatively simple, and relatively decent. bers of this body will soon consider the
better by letting him have a little country We would like to organize that peace. We bill to extend the life of the Export Im-
or two-these were the same things that would like to establish the rule of law in in port Bank and to expand its lending au-
another generation of students heard. And ternational affairs. We would like to join thority.:r commend to my colleagues an
therefore don't ask me to took upon these as hands to help relieve the great burdens of editorial which appeared in the San
overty and disease from those
Tribune on May 11
nd
il
D
ll
l V
,
p
y
a
a
ey
Gabrie
the "new" ideas of the Sixties. They are the misery a
old and discredited ideas for which a fright- who are just beginning to enter the scien- 1967, entitled "Bent On Repeating Mis-
has price was paid. But in any event all this tific and technical age. We would like to see all
heed its
warni nec ssa guide ut that aside-that is not kpolitical nock on the door at midnight, a syst m in the youngeleh of this country once a ain
necessarily rily a n guidfor the future.
But I want you to understand why some which individuals and families can live with become victims of our turning the' other
of us who are not quite so young still have some knowledge of what the tomorrow will cheek.
some of the passion of youth on certain bring, with some assurance that they too [From the San Gabriel Valley Daily'Iribune,
subjects. But the other Important reason will have a chance to draw the best out of May 11, 19671
to read Article I has to dc with the futurd- the past and build upon it to create an even BENT ON RPFEA4ING MISTAxss
your future, your home and your commis- better future. Many Americans came to regret, pre-war
nity, your ability to raise a family. If I These are rather simple things, which are y
could say one thing today which I hope shared by the ordinary men and women of shipments of scrap metal to Japan. It was
you'll never forget-and I shall say it as our country with the ordinary men and returned to us as shrapnel that tore away
quietly as I can, and still be heard we women in every other country that I know the limbs and ripped the bodies of Ameri-
shall not have the chance to draw the lessons about, including those behind the Curtains. can soldiers.
from World War M. There won't be enough That is why we can be greateful that there Yet, today it seems that we are intent
left. Therefore, Article I of the United Na- are signs that there is greater prudence in on repeating past mistakes. with sia,
tions Charter may well be our last clear the world than we once thought possible,
of ibl the certain desire to Increase trade seems E y usput
chance to organize peace on this earth' if why there is a growing recognition
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CONGRESSIQNAL RECORD - APPENDIX
A2645
the experience, the knowledge, the and a positive way of viewing one's role in
know-how to express himself to con- society.
temporary America. Accordingly, it is As the challenges of our time rise up be-
rry privilege to bring to the attention fore us I hope you will see your role in
of m colleagues dimensions; for your country
y agues one of the finest ad- needs your ability and your optimism and
dresses I have ever had the opportunity your positive thinking.
to hear: It needs your ability to interpret America,
THE IDEA OF AMELIORATION not only to the world but to those here at
(Address by James G. Morton, Special Assist- home who have a blurred vision of the mean-
ant to the U.S. Secretary of Commerce, to ing and purpose of this republic.
the National Account Marketing Associa- It needs your positive views-and your
tion, at Atlantic City, N.J., on May 4, 1967) positive voice.
It is a pleasure to be with today at "To every thing there is a season, and a
you Y time to every purpose under heaven," Ec-
this important national conference. clesiastes tells us. "A time to keep silent and
It is always stimulating to meet with a time to speak."
America's marketing men, for you are in the With all the din and discord we hear on
front lines of the dynamic competition that our street corners and in our parks and on
makes our economic system thrive, the campus today it seems this is, indeed, a
You are not only where the action is, you time to speak.
make it happen. And the whole country We hear the incantations against America
benefits.
'profit before patriotism. They're willing to
supply goods and tools to bolster Russia's
industrial capacity, and in so doing free
Russia to concentrate its efforts on military
and space projects. It doesn't make sense.
Congressman Glenard Lipscomb very aptly
stated the case for his constituents in the
San Gabriel Valley anc; all Americans re-
cently on the floor of the House of Repre-
sentatives.
He charged that export of U.S.-made tools
to help the Fiat Company of Italy start an
automobile plant in Russia will aid the Viet
Cong.
It is expected that export of the tools will
be financed by the U.S. Export-Import Bank
in an amount up to $50 million.
By providing the Fiat firm with the tools,
the U.S. will free Russia from having to
divert manpower for facilities from its
military and space projects.
We agree with the congressman that it
seems inconceivable that it could be seriously
proposed that the United States at this time
should assist In any way in building up the
automotive Industry in the Soviet Union-
for products of existing Soviet automotive
factories can be found in trouble spots
throughout the world. They haul Communist
soldiers, ammunition, weapons and food in
Southeast Asia.
Just as Hitler's war machine was depend-
ent on rubber and gasoline to keep in opera-
tion, Communist forces in Vietnam need
trucks to keep bringing war supplies from
Russia and China,
The claims, statements and conjectures
that the Fiat deal is in the interest of the
U.S. makes us gag. Who will be the real
gainers if U.S. capital and U.S. know-how is
used to tool up an automobile assembly plant
for Russia? You know who!
We sincerely hope that Congressman Lips-
comb's fellow members of the House were
listening and that Americans understand the
implication that this offer to cooperate and
help Russia is being done at the expense of
America in general-and the fighting men
in Vietnam in particular.
For, if the Fiat deal goes through, it will
be soldiers in Vietnam who will be hit by
mortars that might possibly never have
reached the war zone if Russia had to use
its resources and manpower to build the tools
for the Fiat's automobile plant.
HON. JOHN M. MURPHY
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, May 25, 1967
Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr.
Speaker, in June Mr. James Morton will
leave Federal service after 51/2 years as
special assistant to "the Secretary of
Commerce. Through these 5 years, Jim
Morton has been an inspiration to those
who have worked with him in their com-
mon interests of furthering the mission
of the Department of Commerce.
Throughout his career as a much
decorated combat parachute officer in
the 82d Airborne Division in the Euro-
pean theater of operations, his varied
career in the publishing industry as an
executive with the largest newspaper
chain in America.and as an outstanding
adviser to top management in many
varied industries has given Jim Morton
all that one finds the prevailing currents of
optimism and positivism that invigorate our
national spirit and spur us on to new attain-
ments.
Optimism has been the object of consider-
able cynicism in literature and no less in
certain quarters of our society today. But I
am for it.
I believe It is one of the qualities that
makes our country great. Had the Continen-
tal soldier at Valley Forge not been an opti-
mist there would not be an America as we
know it today.
Optimism is the mother of enthusiasm;
and enthusiasm is the motive force of prog-
ress. Nobody knows better than the sales-
man that nothing succeeds like success. And
the salesman does not wait for succes; he
contrives it.
The greatest success story of the century
is being acted out on the vast stage of the
American economy. The marketing man is
taking a starring role.
At the outset of the sixties our marketing
men had a vision of the future and they
seized it. The unprecedented growth we have
enjoyed during the past six years could not
have been achieved without the creative
efforts of our marketing men to expand de-
mand for our tremendous outpouring of
goods and services.
But the accomplishments of the past are
dwarfed by the prospects of the future.
Department of Commerce economists have
been working with the Joint Economic Com-
mittee of Congress on a projection of the
economy in 1975. Using the 1965 figures they
?. - - -.Y 1-5a1,vu jUl -1-
morality" as we strive to preserve freedom
in Vietnam.
We hear the prophets of the New Left rail
against the United States and heap abuse
and vilification on our President.
We hear the protests of the modern day
Nihilists who believe in nothing and have
nothing to suggest.
We witness the desecration of the flag that
has always stood for freedom no less than
for America.
Each of us and the least of, us has the
right to say what we think in this democracy
and no one would have it otherwise. But in
this dialogue of democracy it seems to me
the truly significant facts about our country
and its great and continuing contributions
to human progress are being overlooked.
If we are to preserve a balanced per-
spective, more of us are going to have to
make our voices heard on what's right about
America. This is a time not to keep silent
but to speak.
It is a plain truth that at no other time
or place have so many enjoyed so fully the
blessings and the benefits of freedom and
opportunity as in America today.
In this imperfect world we have not yet
arrived at Utopia but it is a fact we have
achieved the world's highest living standard
and are nearer than any nation has ever been
to the conquest of poverty, ignorance, and
squalor.
We are waging-and we are winning-the
war on poverty.
The poor remain with us, and perhaps some
always shall, but millions of Americans have
ahead. climbed out of poverty since we began a
The projections were based on two major massive attack on the Nation's economic and
social ills. The number of poor decreased by
assumptions: that we will maintain a 4 per- 7,400,000 in the first half of this decade.
cent annual rate of real GNP growth and that And we must bear in mind that the defini-
the rite of unemployment will be maintained tion of poverty in this country would de-
at 4 percent or lower. scribe a comparative state of well-being in
This assumed growth rate is better than less fortunate regions of the earth.
the 3.7 percent from 1960 to 1965 but it is While every citizen may not yet enjoy the
not unreasonable considering the dominant fullest advantage to attain his potential, no-
factors that contribute to faster growth. where else in this world does a man or woman
These include education and the acquiring have a better chance in life than in America.
of more skills by a larger proportion of our Through a whole series of new measures
population. costing billions we are constantly widening
Other key factors, of course, will be popu- the opportunities for learning and earning
lation growth and expansion of our labor and fulfilling one's capabilities in a free so-
force. . ciety.
The joint study indicates that if we have Never more than today have the strength
balanced growth and prices increase only and wisdom of our country and the con-
moderately the current dollar GNP in 1975 science and concerns of our people been so
will soar to $1,200 billion-a trillion, j:wo completely committed to the heritage of pro-
hundred billion. gress that is the story of America.
This dazzling prospect is within our reach; Alexis de Tocqueville described that
and it is clear that the marketing man will heritage in this way:
have a vital part in materializing it through "America is a land of wonders, in which
creative selling. everything is in constant motion and every
Selling is far more than a tool or a tech- change seems an improvement. The idea of
pique; it is a state of mind. It is the creature novelty is indissolubly connected with the
of confidence and courage and determination idea of amelioration. No natural boundary
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A 2646 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX TI-1a zo,
seems to be set to the efforts of man; and in performance of the American economy in the No less than. In our massive aid program's
his eyes what is not yet done is only that he' 1960's. over the past two decades, nor our technical
has not yet attempted to do." The vitality of the free enterprise system, assistance across the underdeveloped world,
The idea of amelioration has lost none of functioning under enlightened public poll- nor our support of the aspirations of emerg-
its magic and power as a force for progress ties, has proved the decisive factor In in}prov- ing nations to grow and prosper-no less
In the more than a century that has passed Ing the condition of life for American$. than any of these, our willingness to cornrnit
since de Tocqueville visited America. April was the 74th month of an expansion our finest young men to fight for freedom
Indeed, It exerts a more profound Influence that has buoyed the entire Nation to a new where necessary has been an American in-
than ever in propelling our Nation to new plateau of material well-being and, with It, vestment in hope for the future of mankind.
achievements in science and technology, in social improvement. That is the path of faith and courage that
invention, in industrial growth, in medicine, In this remarkable period of growth and America and is sons are following in Viet-
education, and social betterment. prosperity following the recession low of nam today.
The idea of amelioration is embodied In 1960 and early'61: There was never a time when we could be
the girders and the mortar and the brick of Gross national product has increased more prouder of our young men in uniform. How
the new America that is being built on the than 50 percent to the towering peak of unjust it is to label as "hawks" those who
solid foundations laid by the founders. $764.3 billion (annual rate) in the first quar- support them and the principles for which
It is at the very heart of the philosophy of ter of 1967. they fight and die-that a nation might live
President Johnson and, as I believe, the Industrial production is up more than 50 in freedom from terror and aggression.
philosophy of most Americans today. percent. It 1s a cruel deception to describe as
It is forcefully expressed in the President's Personal income has soared more than $200 "hawks" those who are in reality roc less
goal of equal educational opportunity so that, billion to a record level of well over $600 dedicated to the pursuit of peace than those
in his words, "our classrooms will be open to billion, again an increase of more than 60 proclaimed as "doves,"
every American boy and girl" and "every percent. It is time we put to rest these misleading
child is guaranteed all the education he or Average earnings of factory workers are up and unfair terms that o a from d ct Civil
she can take." more than 27 percent. tory books on the period
The President called on the Congress to Farm income increased nearly 22 percent. War. They are mischievous misnomers that
provide the programs for four major tasks: Corporate profits after taxes have climbed have no application in truth today.
To bring better education to millions of the nearly 100 percent, rising from $24.4 billion The ways to peace are many but the lessons
disadvantaged youths who need it most. In the first quarter of 1961 to $48.1 billion of history tell us that firmness, not irresolu-
To put the best educational equipment in the fourth quarter of 1966. tion, holds the best hope for stability and
and ideas and Innovations within reach of Nearly 9,000,000 new jobs were created for order in the world.
all students. American workers during this period and Tiae people of South Vietnam have been
To advance the technology of teaching and unemployment was cut In half, dropping coerced, tortured, terrorized, mutilated, and
the training of teachers. from 7.1 percent in May of 1961 to 8.6 per- murdered in a brutal and deliberate design
To provide indentives for those who wish cent of the civilian labor force today. of aggression. Where does aggression end?
to learn at every stage along the road of Unemployment of married males has de- Any veteran can tell the demonstrator--it
learning. clined to little more than 2 percent with ends where it is stopped. It will not be
The 89th Congress, in a series of enact- the result that nearly all who want to work stopped by removing the obstacles to its
ments that strengthened the school founda. and are able to work can find work. path.
tions in every community of the land, im- Other than in scattered areas where There are some who suggest the people of
parted new vigor and meaning to the idea of chronic situations exist, we have achieved Vietnam are not ready for democrac:;y, that
amelioration. impressive success In ridding our Nation of they should be cast to the devouring tides.
"We are now embarked," the President depression and unemployment with their The schizophrenic belief that freedom Is
said, "on another venture to put the Ameri'- mutilating effect on the human spirit. precious in one part of the world but doesn't
can dream to work in meeting the demands The economic gains of the Sixties have matter in another has set in motion a weird
of thenew day. Once again we must start been broadly shared by the American variety of isolationism that, in effect, says
where men who would improve their society people--the worker, the businessman, the one can be half safe.
have always known they must begin-with farmer, the investor, and the professionals. It seems to me that to deny one nation-
an educational system restudied, reinforced, More Americans are better clothed, better ality's right of self determination while
and revitalized." fed, and better housed than ever before. And granting another's is a form of racism.
In the extension of justice and civil rights, the strength of the American economy has The American people will never buy - the
America has taken giant strides. The most provided the underpinning for broad social notion that democracy won't work in Viet-
significant and far-reaching legislation In the gains. Health and welfare benefits have been nam. We heard the same arguments about
century since the Fourteenth Amendment extended to millions of our older citizens. the Republic of Korea not so many years
has been enacted to ensure equal rights and This is the America-the dynamic society ago.
equal opportunity for our Negro citizens. of free men striving to enhance the substance More than eleven million Koreans exer-
I need not catalogue the laws passed these and meaning of life-that we can point to in cised their voting rights yesterday'. Better
last three years. We have hauled down the measuring our path of progress. than 80 percent of the eligible voters went
barriers to the voting booth, to public ac- And it is an outward-looking America, to the polls in a powerful demonstration of
commodations, to the classroom, to housing, dedicated not to the pursuit of comfort but democracy at work.
to the pursuit of opportunity, and to equal the cause of freedom and peace and progress Our faith and our hopes in Korea have
justice under the law. as the world moves towards century Twenty- been justified by the fresh footprints on the
It is an irony that the greatest break- One. path of freedom and progress. We can hope
throughs in the history of civil liberties in The idea of amelioration which de Tocque- - for no less In Vietnam.
America should be accompanied by the mard.. ville described as our burning drive we extend Almost a quarter of a century ago, in the
fest dissatisfactions. to all the world's peoples. closing days of World War II, a great presi-
Perhaps the frustrations are a symptom of Our foreign policy extends to all mankind dent spoke the following words:
our times when great expectations over- our hope and determination to attain a "We have learned that we cannot live
shadow great accomplishments. But the ac- rational, peaceful, and progressive world. alone, at peace; that our own wellbeing is
complishments are there. This was the aim of the Marshall Plan dependent on the well-being of other na-
It is a fact the century of suppression and instituted by the United States twenty years tions, far away. We have learned that we
ago to help rebuild a devastated Europe, a must live as men, and not as ostriches, nor
nthe of the manger. We
denial is behind us and the new day is here. plan of Not only have the barriers been swept aside, invited Poland recovery I might add In Czechoslovakia to which partic- we be citizens dogs
mehave mbers ~ of d the
but positive and vigorous actions have been ipate. And the door was open to the Soviet world community."
taken to improve the economic lot of the Union. In the speech that he never gays---pre-
Negro through expanded educational ad-
vantages In the succeeding years we have provided pared for. delivery the day after hie death
and equal opportunities in employ- more than 100 billion dollars in aid and eco- 22 years ago-President Roosevelt further
ment. nomic assistance to countries that shared expanded on this American creed for the
To widen economic opportunities for 1'e- our desire to ameliorate the estate of man. Twentieth Century:
gross has been a continuing concern of the In this same period American business has "More than an end to war," he wrote, "we
Department of Commerce in my years as an invested some $50 billion in world-wide en- want an end to the beginnings of all wars."
official. Encouraging headway has been made terprises that have stimulated economic de- For the past quarter century, urid~r both
in many directions. velopment and widened employment oppor- Republican and Democratic Administrations,
While we can and do chafe at the pace of tunities in more than a hundred nations. America has pursued policies based both in
progress in many of our national endeavors, American business and industry and skills the idealism and the practical wisdom con-
one can take great satisfaction in the knowl- are energetically engaged in building and tained in these words. We have pursued
edge that no country has done so much to planning and trading and developing around them with our treasure and our genius and,
enlarge the substance and meaning of hu- the globe. The sun never sets on the Ameri- with heavy hearts, in some times and at
man existence as the United States. can businessman or engineer, nor on the some places with the lives of American men.
To be sanguine about our great capabili- - Peace Corps worker or the government tech- die That alongside e the brave men to Vietnam eg,ht and
ties for the future one need only consider the nician.
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