CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-APPENDIX

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP75-00149R000300310005-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: November 11, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 21, 1998
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: January 1, 1960
• Content Type: TRANS

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Recall for a moment the recent San Fran-
cisco hearings of the Un-American Activities
Committee. What fact enters your mind
first? The rioting. Who stirred up the riot-
ing? Known Communists.
What would have happened without the
demonstrations? The hearing would have
been orderly and brief newspaper reports
would have been written instead of glaring
headlines.
If reputations were damaged, the rioting
and the resulting headlines did it. And
who incited the riots? Known Communists.
It necessarily follows that the object of the
demonstrations, whether participants knew
it or not, was not to preserve civil liberties,
but to discredit the committee.
Forget for a moment the Communists who
participated and the gory details of the
San Francisco Incident. Ask this question:
What is the justification for this committee?
Here it is in simple terms: The security
of the United States is the business of Con-
gress. Most Congressmen feel that the Com-
munist conspiracy is a threat to our security.
Therefore, Congress should have a committee
to investigate communism to alert the public
to its danger and to revise our laws to cope
with that danger.
This objective and this tactic of the Com-
munist Party of discrediting the committee
which seeks to expose the Communist con-
spiracy is to me the most serious threat to
our efforts to resist internal subversion.
It was Pope Pius XI in 1937 who said, in
response to a searching question about com-
munism, "How is it possible that such a
system long since rejected scientifically and
now proved erroneous by experience, how is
it, we ask, that such a system could spread
so rapidly in all parts of the world?" He
answered his own question in these words:
"The explanation lies in the fact that too
few have been able to grasp the nature of
communism."
When our enemy was Nazi Germany our
Government and military leaders studied
every detail of the enemy and his strategies.
One of our great generals was George S.
Patton. Early in World War II when the
Germans were advancing, General Patton
was asked one day if he wasn't discouraged.
His answer was precise: "I have studied the
German for 40 years. I have read the mem-
oirs of his great men. I have studied every
detail of all his military campaigns. I have
attended some of his staff courses. I know
exactly how he will react under any given
set of circumstances. He does not know
what I will do. For this reason when the
time comes I shall beat the hell out of him."
And this he did.
We can no more save our Republic from
communism merely by saying we are against
communism than we can cure a cancer by
saying we are against cancer. To conquer
the cancer we must kill it or it must kill
Us.
But to cure cancer, to cure any disease, or
to defeat communism we must know how
serious it is. Knowing how serious it is, we
will not fall prey to the overgeneralization
that civil liberties must not be restricted
even when they are against the interest of
the entire Nation. We will continue the
Un-American Activities and other congres-
sional committees and give them freedom to
111Ceitlgate communists and pro-Commu-
nists. We will keep present anti-Com-
munists laws and we will strengthen them.
We will strengthen security provisions and
the laws which keep Communists out of our
government. We will restore to the executive
branch the right to question aliens awaiting
deportation and give it the right to deny
passports for those who refuse to sign non-
Communist affidavits. We will say to our-
selves that no man, regardless of his oc-
cupation, is immune from investigation
when there is reasonable cause to believe
CONGRESSIONAL
that his actions are aiding the Communist
conspiracy.
If we do these things we will act positively
against communism and repudiate our past
policy of reacting too late with too little.
With such an attitude, and only with such
an attitude, can we lick the Communist
conspiracy and keep faith with those we
honor today-the men who have given their
lives in order that we might live as free men
and women.
I recall the story of the lost child on a
Kansas prairie on one of the coldest nights
the prairie had known in years. After hours
of searching the neighbors of the frightened
family decided they would all join hands and
walk across the prairie in an effort to find
the little boy. In so doing they covered every
square inch of the prairie. After a short
time they found the boy but unfortunately
he had succumbed to the cold and was dead.
The bereaved father gathered the boy into
his arms and through his sobs and tears said,
"God, why didn't we join hands sooner?"
Twenty-fifth Anniversary of O e
Cooperative Electrical Assoc' ion
RECORD - APPENDIX
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. ALEXANDER WILEY
OF WISCONSIN
NATE OF THE UNITED STATES
turday, July 2, 1960
of service; in a
important role
bers of the co-op a
Recently, these reso
warded to me by Ma
Caskey. I request una
to have the resolutions
Appendix of the RECORD.
There being no objecti
tions were ordered to be
RECORD, as follows:
RESOLUTION No. 1-OAKDA'
ANNIVERSARY
trical Association in 1960 is ente
25th year of existence; and
existence toward the providing o
to its members now totaling 4,293;
Whereas the splendid cooperation
bers, officers, employees, past and
have been entirely responsible for the
and success of the association: Now,
fore. be it
and present officers, employees and memb
its grateful thanks.
a commendable record
ition, it has played an
eeting, the mem-
ted a number of
OF
HON. THOMAS M. PEL
OF WASHINGTON
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA
Wednesday, June 29, 1960
ing letter from a Japanese trade as
tion describes the feelings of one
of people for the United States.
in the interest of good will on sev
occasions.
Communist-stimulated activities and un-t
derstandable but misguided pacifist`;
manifestations.
The letter follows:
DEAR MR. DEvIN: It is with deepest regret
that we had to face the stark reality of our
No. 2-REA LOAN SOURCE AND' Government being compelled to solicit post-
INTEREST RATES ponement of the much anticipated visit of
Whereas the Oakdale Cooperative Electra- President Eisenhower to our country, on the
Cal Association by virtue of its operating in occasion of the 100th anniversary of the sign-
predominately rural communities faces in-
herent handicaps in providing adequate and
full service to all its consumers, not faced
by its competitive privately owned utilities
with more consumers per mile than Oak-
dale; and
Whereas this and other handicaps prevent
Oakdale from being strictly competitive with
private iiivestor owned utilities operating in
metropolitan areas with high density of pop-
ulation atd high industrial loads; and
be it
he Oakdale Cooperative Elec-
of low in
sion and
Resolved b:
trical loci
reps tative
a gislation
in any way incr
rate.
RESOLUTION No. 3
Whereas said bill if p
fer unearned, windfall
of the Oakdale Cooperati
sociation go on record as op
ed headwater benefit paym
hydroelectric developments
tion to bill H.R. 7201.
WILLARD BUR:
Resolutions
A5933
EADWATER STORAGE BILL
7201 known variously
ed will tend to con-
nefits upon private
a dam upstream
ultimate expense
Electrical As-
ing unrestrict-
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 A5934
ing of Treaty of Amity between the United
States and Japan. Agitation manifested at
Ha eda Airport of Tokyo, upon the arrival
have afforded them that
rtunity for them to mani-
the greatest
our country
motion of friendly
two countries.
We sincerely hope
tunate circumstances
and striving for everlasting
tween our two countries.
true sentiment on this occasion t
friends and associates.
soliciting your valuable assistance in con
veying the true feeling of our people to you
colleagues, we are
Yours very truly,
KOBE FOREIGN TRADE ASSOCIATION,
TORAbIITSU YASUDA, President.
OF TEXAS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Saturday, July 2, 1960
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
Or
HON. BRUCE ALGER
(By Congressman BRUCE ALGER, Fifth.r?fSis-
trict, Texas) F4?
The battle over adjournment was. n by
the Democrats. Instead of finishin '11 work
and adjourning "sine die" (unti, ?t11e new
Congress), the Democrat leadersft decided
to recess and to convene agai,'iin August.
We could have easily finishes our work.
This leaves unanswered the g, ,K,8 ion, "Why?"
The reason will become ev ent themselves
in learning what Congres doing.
I summarized my vie, during considera-
tion of the sugar bilk-in this way: "Mr.
Chairman, it seems tole that action against
Cuba is long over d Why subsidize your
enemy? Why dela ' esponsible action as we
have done up to is point? Why has the
House Democrat: eadership delayed so long
in programing 0,1s bill before committee and
Congress? Asve face a recess adjournment
instead of a ournment sine die, I am re-
minded one f again of the failure of Democrat
leadership o provide leadership. Obviously
some hi must be done, and done now, to
stop thi expensive subsidy to Cuba. Mean-
while, we can let our domestic producers
provide the sugar, and also buy from friendly
allies." While the sugar bill is a good ex-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -APPENDIX July 15
not be misunder-
e. Manifestations
ample of the failure of Democrat leadership,
there are many others.
The minimum-wage battle wasn't over
whether or not to hike the amount and
increase the number of people covered, but
over how much of an increase would be
made in each instance. The radical and far.
reaching bill brought to the floor by the
Education and Labor Committee and sup-
ported by an overwhelming majority of
Democrats was amended into a moderate
measure by the bipartisan effort of almost
all the Republicans, including me, and a
goodly number of southern Democrats. The
vote on the "moderating" amendment was
close, 211 to 203. My own view was stated
bluntly and succinctly to the House: "Mr.
Chairman, I believe that the Federal Gov-
ernment has no constitutional authority to
set wages. Therefore, I oppose minimum-
wage laws." That view was supported by
only 71 others in the vote on final passage.
The count, 341 to 72.
All Federal employees, Including postal
workers, received a substantial pay raise
when both Houses of Congress voted to over-
ride President Eisenhower's veto of the some-
dollar hole in the administration
My views on this sort of politicks
latio
This
the guest of my final televis
the current series. Senator
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. JAMES E. MURRAY
his new
;vative,"
OF MONTANA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Saturday, July 2, 1960
Mr. MURRAY. Mr. President, I
should like to call attention to an impor-
tant article appearing in the current
Issue-No. 56, summer 1960-of Prevent
World War III, published by the Society
for the Prevention of World War III,
Inc., 515 Madison Avenue, New York,
N.Y. I refer to the article Cairo and the
Panama Canal, an origino analysis of
activities by President Naer's agents in
This article state hat the Cairo
regime in associati with the Castro
government, has en endeavoring to
undermine the . position at the Pan-
ama Canal a incites Panamanians
against the ted States while receiv-
ing tens of lions of dollars from the
U.S. Trea
I sub , Mr. President, that this is
a mos_ appy situation and certainly
dese the closest attention of Con-
gre I ask unanimous consent to in-
c ., the article in the Appendix of the
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
CAIRO AND THE PANAMA CANAL
Testifying before a subcommittee of the
House of Representatives in April of this
year, Mr. G. Lewis Jones, Assistant Secretary
of State for Near Eastern Affairs, assured
Members of Congress that there was "progress
In normalization of our relations with the
United Arab Republic." It would seem to
us that in the lexicon of international diplo-
macy "normalization of relations" between
countries implies that each side has agreed
by deed as well as word to respect the rights
and interest of the other. Moreover, it
would also seem to mean that each side has
taken upon itself the obligation not to com-
mit any acts which would seriously damage
and/or discredit the interests of the other
country. If we judge "normalization of rela-
tions" by these standards, then we must
frankly express our astonishment at Mr.
Jones' optimism.
SOUTH OF THE BORDER
Certainly, Cairo's blacklisting of U.S.-
owned ships and harassment of American
seamen by Egyptian officials and their
minions cannot be regarded as proof that the
U.A.R. has at last begun to respect the inter-
ests of the United States. However, no-
where do we find a more meaningful exam-
ple of Nasser's deliberate aim to undermine
the position of the United States than in
Latin America. Comparatively little has
been written about this subject, but this
does not mean that it is of no significance.
On the contrary, recent developments clearly
indicate that the U.A.R. Is steadily building
up its apparatus of subversion south of our
borders and is employing all of the tricks it
has learned in Its drive to damage the stand-
ing of the West in Africa and in Asia.
It is true, of course, that Egypt is still a
very poor country and certainly does not
possess the resources, let us say, of the
Soviets, In probing Latin America. Never-
theless, given this disadvantage, the Cairo
regime is making the best out of it. The
move is not a massive one as yet. On the
la of resources but Is also related to the
fac hat in both of these countries there
are ormous opportunities for Inflicting
grave rm on the security interests of the
United tes.
Cuba Is' i the throes of a highly emo-
tionally chaxged anti-American campaign
sponsored by the Castro government. Con-
sequently. Cuba has become the focal point
of all sorts of anti-American intrigue and
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A5932 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
July 15
tive agreement by which recognition was ex- the slightest idea how those phrases were And the last Communist objective which I
tended, Soviet Russia used her embassies planted in their minds. If they were to will discuss is muzzling the FBI and con-
and consulates as centers of espionage, sub- know, they would realize that this is the gressional investigations. For years the Con-
version, and propaganda. In spite of this product of the Soviet propaganda machine munist Party has poured out its most hys-
some Americans say that we were morally operating on $3 billion per year. terical language against what the Reds call
wrong in sending a U-2 plane 60,000 feet over Another objective of the Communist con- the gestapo-like FBI.
Russia into air which, to my knowledge, no spiracy is to humiliate the United States. During the month of May 1959, high school
International lawyer has said belongs to It is well known that Communists mas- seniors applying for admission to the Uni-
Russia. And we do it for the purpose of terminded the insulting demonstration versity of California took an examination in
learning the facts which are necessary to against Vice President Nn oN which included which they were required to write a 500-word
prevent the world from being plunged into spitting on him and the throwing of rocks essay on 1 of 12 topics. The seventh topic
another war. and garbage. of the 12 contained the following language:
Another objective is to halt nuclear tests, Some may doubt, but I do not, that the "What are the dangers to a democracy of a
and well meaning and sincere individuals in deeds of Fidel Castro in Cuba are master- national policelike organization, like the
this country support the same objective. In minded by the international Communist FBI, which operates secretly and is unre-
so doing they do not feel that they are sup- conspiracy. -pensive to public criticism?" This state-
porting Russia but merely supporting what Recently in our city of San Francisco, ment is absolutely untrue. In the first place
is good for mankind. known Communist agitators were seen in the FBI is not a national police organization,
Obviously nuclear tests should be halted; the crowd whipping young college students but works with State and local police au-
but can they be halted without some assur- into a frenzy to demonstrate against the thorities. Secondly, It is responsive to public
ance that the Russians will actually live up House Un-American Activities Committee. opinion because the Director of the FBI re-
to agreements? Look at the record of Rus- It strikes me as something more than coin- ports to the Attorney General who in turn
sian violation of their solemn commitments. cidence that these demonstrations were or- reports to the President and who in turn is
During the last 25 years the United States ganized on the weekend which preceded the responsible to the people. It gets its funds
has had 3,400 meetings with the Commu- ill-fated summit conference and were promi- from it Congress which certainly is respon-
nists. All this talk led to 52 major agree- nently played up in the Russian press as a sive to public opinion.
ments and Soviet Russia has broken 50 of demonstration by the American people The university has since disavowed the
them. against their Government and one of its con- question and apologized to the FBI.
The Communists have followed Lenin's gressional committees. I doubt seriously I shall not make the assertion that this
dictum about treaties and agreements: that these young students demonstrating be- question was deliberate service to the Com-
"Promises are like piecrusts-made to he fore the San Francisco city hall, some of munist conspiracy. But whether it was de-
broken." them not ready to shave and some who re- liberate or not, the fact still remains that
In the 3 years prior to 1958 the United fuse to as all good beatniks should, none of one of our great universities imprinted the
States met 73 times at Geneva with the Chi- them dry behind the ears, actually knew fact upon young minds that the FBI was a
nese Reds to negotiate a release of 450 Amer- that they were being used as tools of trained sinister organization. This is the Communist
ican prisoners. How many American service- Communist organizers. line and whether it was intentionally planted
men have been accounted for or released? In the crowd of students and beatniks at or not is immaterial. The fact still remains
In light of such a record, how can anyone San Francisco, were known Communist agi- that the Communist cause was served.
plead for limiting our military potential by tators who were passing out literature that It is well known that card-carrying, identi-
refusing to develop weapons through nuclear had been mailed directly from the Congress fled Communists are registered as lobbyists
testing when we have no assurance that Rus- of the United States. in the Congress of the United States. Is it
sia will do the same? Suspending of nuclear Though it may be undignified I can only wrong for a congressional committee to ex-
tests unilaterally without guarantees that say that had one of the students been my pose this fact to the public and tell them
Russia will adhere to her agreement is ex- child there would have been a very urgent about it?
actly what Russia wants. date between me and that child in the wood- Let me quote from a speech made in the
Some counter this argument and say, shed. House of Representatives on May 5 by my
"Well, we are the peace-loving country, we Another objective of the Communist con- colleague from Ohio, the Honorable GORDON
should prove to the world that we are sin- spiracy is to stimulate a peace offensive. Let Scssszzz, a member of the House Un-Ameri-
cere by taking the first step to relieve ten- me quote once again the words of Dmitri can Activities Committee. He says:
sions." Manuilski, "the bourgeoisie will have to be "To accomplish its objective of destroying
I am truly concerned about the attitude Put to sleep. So we shall begin by launch- the Committee on Un-American Activities,
In some circles that the United States must ing the most spectacular peace movement this Communist-controlled group (the
take a succession of first steps. If we do and on record." Emergency Civil Liberties Committee) has
it is a step backward and Russia doesn't take Remember the Palo Alto Peace Club, now sent its cohorts into cities throughout the
a similar step, then we have a new and com- officially listed by the Attorney General of United States in advance of committee hear-
promised position which isn't as good as the the United States as subversive? And there ings. Its paid agents have done everything
position we occupied before. Then there will are many other organizations which fall for possible in advance of, and even during,
he a new status quo and after a time you the Communist peace offensive and by no such hearings to stir up animosity, contempt,
can expect these same people to urge a new stretch of the imagination can be consid- and hatred for the committee. Its agents
and bold first step from the new position. ered as disloyal or subversive. But disloyal have circulated petitions; appeared on radio
Can't they see that such a policy means or loyal they are still influenced and taken programs; arranged meetings, rallies, and
nothing in the world but a gradual retreat in by the Communist peace offensive. These picket lines; issued press releases; and placed
toward slavery? people urge us to take bold first steps on the ads in newspapers."
Understand that I do not say for 1 minute presumption that Khrushchev and other Mind you this speech was made on May 5, that anyone who advocates unilateral sus- Kremlin leaders will negotiate in good faith which is exactly 1 week before the recent
pension of nuclear testing is knowingly and will keep their agreement. This belief hearings of the Committee on Un-American
serving the Communist cause. But whether is held in spite of the long record of Soviet Activities in the city hall at San Francisco.
he knows it or not, and I am sure he does violations of their solemn promises. Wouldn't you say from hearing that quota-
they he is . truly giving the My words are not those of a warmonger. tion prophet? that my Certainly colleague there from were Ohio was a
not in most cases,
petitions,
Communists what they v; ant. I sincerely do believe in peace and sincerely there were radio programs, meetings ar-
Another Communist objective which is in- believe we should do everything reasonable ranged, there were rallies and picket lines,
advertantly served by many innocent Amer- to achieve it. But I repeat that a sucees- there were ads in newspapers.
jeans is that of propaganda. Communists sion of unilateral first steps can mean noth- Unfortunately these ads and these peti-
are spending $3 billion a year on propaganda ing but a gradual retreat toward slavery. It tions told outright lies. What is more un-
which is reaching every city and hamlet in is time the American people were alerted to fortunate is that those lies came from a
our Nation. In one day the Communist what a Communist peace offensive really speech by a Member of the House on the
propaganda coming through New York City means and stopped serving it in their wish- floor of the House of Representatives. This
alone fills three large warehouses and not ful thinking. speech said, "that the committee had sub-
a single piece is labeled "Communist propa- Another of the major Communist objet- penaed 110 public schoolteachers in early
ganda" as required by the Foreign Agents tives is to nullify all anti-Communist legis- June 1959. Most of the subpenas were
Registration Act. lation. On January 16, 19.58, FBI Director served on the teachers at school at 9 in the
In viewing my daily congressional mail it J. Edgar Hoover, testified that 49 of the ton morning on June 5."
is amazing to me to see the same words crop 108 Communists convicted by Federal juries Ladies and gentlemen, this Is not the
up in the letters from sincere and unsus- under the Smith Act have been set free by truth. Upon checking the files of the com-
pecting constituents that one sees in this Supreme Court decisions. The Subversive mittee it is found that of 101 subpenas
type of Communist propaganda. Reference Activities Control Act of 1950 has been nul- served, 97 teachers were actually served in
to the FBI as "a Nazi-like gestapo," to the lifted by decisions of our own courts, and so their homes. Only four were served at their
House Un-American Activities Committee have the antisedition laws of 44 States. schools, and it is my understanding from
members as Fascists and witch hunters are This is not preservation of civil liberties, this unofficial resources that these four were not
repeated each day by people who haven't is gii.iug it awry. served in their classrooms.
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1960 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
A5931
rededicate ourselves today to the preserva- gar Hoover, chief of the FBI, said, "To dis- Nation. Even our courts have held that the
tion of the things for which they died, miss lightly the existence of the subversive individual has the right to engage in sub-
They died to preserve liberty. Today we threat in the United States is to deliberately version against his government. Look at
must rededicate ourselves to the same pur- commit national suicide. In some quarters some of our recent court decisions.
pose. we are surely doing just that." Our Supreme Court has denied the right
Preservation of liberty requires strength- Communist doctrine is known to be found- of States to enforce their own sedition laws.
the strength to meet and conquer military ed upon conspiracy. It has not changed. It has turned Communists loose who have
aggression. The Communist master plan for world taught the forcible overthrow of our Gov-
The mush discussed U-2 plane flight to a conquest was stated by Lenin in these words, ernment with evil intent.
depth of 1,300 miles over Russia clearly "First we will take Eastern Europe, then the The Court has held that the State Depart-
shows that our military strength has been masses of Asia, then we will encircle the ment could not discharge a Government
underestimated in many circles. Our United States, which will be the last bastion employee who had given secret military
Strategic Air Command has been telling us of capitalism. We will not have to attack. plans to the editor of a Communist magazine.
for years that they have the ability to pene- It will fall like an overripe fruit into our Our courts now say that a State attorney
trate and destroy Russia. This ability has hands." general does not have the right to ask a
been described in detail to those of us who On another occasion Lenin added, "As long lecturer in a State university if he believed
have access to classified material because of as capitalism remains, we cannot live in in communism.
our membership on certain committees and peace. In the end one or the other will It has said that the U.S. Attorney General
it has also been given to the general public. triumph." did not have the right to ask an alien if
But for some reason or other some have In a speech to the Lenin School of Political he had recently attended Communist meet-
chosen to disregard the facts. Warfare in 1931 Dmitri Manuilski, at one ings.
The U-2 incident shows that Russia can time presiding officer of the United Nations The Court has ruled that Communists
be penetrated and can be destroyed. Security Council, said, "War to the hilt be- seeking the right to practice law need not
It is important to mention here that most tween communism and capitalism is inevi- answer questions about Communist affilia-
criticism about our military defense sys- table. Today of course we are not strong tion.
tem has been of the so-called missile gap. enough to attack. * * * So we shall begin It has questioned the right of Congress
While it is true that Russia does possess more by launching the most spectacular peace to investigate communism and suggested
ICBM's than do our forces, it is also true movement on record. * * * The capitalistic that it is broad scale intrusion into the lives
that when everything is taken into consid- countries, stupid and decadent * * * will and affairs of private citizens.
eration-all missiles, all planes, all ships. and leap at another chance to be friends. As And to cap the climax the Court has ruled
all ability to retaliate, the United States is soon as their guard is down we shall smash that the State Department must give a
now, and will remain a superior force to that them with our clenched fist." passport to Communists including one who
of the Soviet Union. Georgi Dimitrov advised the Lenin School was involved in the spy ring of Julius Rosen-
But there is another strength far less of Political Warfare how to make use of in- berg and was going to India to live with a
dramatic and far more difficult to achieve nocents and dupes as he called them. "As Communist who had renounced his Ameri-
which we need if we are to preserve the lib- Soviet power grows there will be a greater can citizenship.
erty which the men we honor today fought aversion to Communist parties everywhere. With the greater strength that comes from
for and earned. This is the strength to So we must practice the techniques of with- this weakening of our laws, the Communists
resist subversion. drawal. Never appear in the foreground; and their fellow travelers are hard at work
I am sorry to say that I have serious doubts let our friends do the work. * * * A uni- at this very moment to achieve their objec-
about our ability to resist Communist sub- versity professor, who without being a party tives.
version. I never fear the ability of the member, lends himself to the interest of the First of these objectives is the elimination
American people to resist aggression when Soviet Union, is worth more than a hundred of Federal and State security programs.
they expect it. This is the reason our peo- men with party cards. A writer of reputa- Everyone admits that Government employ-
ple have willingly voted $40 billioli defense tion, or a retired general, are worth more ment is not a right but a privilege. Yet the
budgets; because we know of the danger than 500 poor devils who don't know any effect of many of the aforementioned Su-
from Russian armament. But where the better than to get themselves beaten up by preme Court decisions is to prevent the Fed-
U-2 flights have given us the intelligence the police." eral and State Governments from withdraw-
and the information necessary to build mili- Have these views so long held by Commu- ing this privilege from those who associate
tary strength, we have no reconnaissance nists changed in recent years? with Commuinsts and who are security risks.
flights to show us the strength and the dan- As late as September 17, 1955, Nikita We are even required to give the dignity and
ger of internal subversion. What small ef- Khrushchev warned us: "If anyone thinks protection of a U.S. passport to a Communist
fort has been directed to alerting the Amer- that our smiles mean abandonment of the who leaves this country for the purpose of
ican people of this danger from a Communist teachings of Marx, Engels, Lenin, he is de- harming the country which issues the pass-
conspiracy has, I am sorry to say, been shot ceiving himself cruelly. Those who expect port.
down by our own people. this to happen might just as well wait for Many well meaning groups in this country
In the book, "A Night to Remember," the a shrimp to learn how to whistle." whose loyalty is not in question, have swal-
story is told of the five iceberg warnings sent On November 18. 1956, the same Khru- lowed the Communist propaganda campaign
by wireless to the steamship Titanic. When shchev said, "Whether you like it or not that security programs both Federal and
the sixth message, "Look out for the ice- history is on our side. We will bury you.., State, smack of fascism and nazism. This
bergs," came in, the Titanic's wireless opera- And just a few weeks ago in Paris, Khru- genuine fear of a police state has been seized
tor wired back, "Shut up, I'm busy." Thir- shchev heaped insults upon our President upon by Communist conspirators. Well
ty-five minutes later the ship, whose captain and the American people as he dashed the meaning persons have, without knowing it,
had said, "God himself could not sink it," hopes of peace-loving people before the been fighting the Communist battle for them.
was sinking. summit conference even commenced. Another Communist objective is the recog-
The phrase "Remember Pearl Harbor" I don't believe anyone in his right mind nition of Red China. The Communist espio-
should remind us that we were cocksure and can say that Communist intentions have nage apparatus needs the diplomatic immu-
complacent before the afternoon of Decem- changed-nor have Communist techniques. nity of its embassies and consulates to set up
ber 7, 1941. The much-maligned Dies com- There is a Communist conspiracy. And it spy centers. It needs the unbroken seal of
mittee reports of Japanese espionage by fish- is well protected by our own law. the diplomatic pouch to transmit orders to
ing vessels had been ridiculed as headline It is ironic that the very liberties, which its spies and couriers and to receive back
hunting-much as some of the effort of to- the men we honor on this Memorial Day died their reports and microfilm documents.
day to alert the public to the Communist to preserve, have been twisted and perverted Many well meaning individuals have swal-
conspiracy is also ridiculed. We even ig- to protect and shelter subversives and Com- lowed the Communist line, hook, line and
nored the messages we intercepted in the munists who would destroy that liberty. I sinker and have said in effect, "The Chinese
broken Japanese code. speak of the new interpretation of the com- Communist nation exists, why must we refuse
I well rememher the famous eommerita. monly used phrase "Civil liberties." to admit it? Wouldn't it be better to meet
tor, Fulton Lewis, Jr., speaking in the San Traditionally our interpretation of an in- them face to face and gain access to their
Jose Civic Auditorium in November of 1941. dividual's rights was to consider them sacred country? As long as they exist we cannot
Asked about the possibility of a war with except when they were in conflict with the continue to refuse to recognize their exist-
Japan he replied, "I can best answer that rights of the Nation or the rights of other ence." To these people I say, the greatest
with a bit of blank verse. 'That noise you people. Under this concept of individual mistake this Nation ever made was the rec-
hear in the Orient, them ain't sabers, neigh- liberty we are prohibited from dumping ognition of the Soviet Union. Four Amer-
hor, them's knees'." garbage on our neighbor's front lawn be- ican Presidents refused to recognize the
Since the close of World War II distin- cause such an act would endanger the health Communist government of Russia and it
guished Americans have been warning us of others. The same concept prohibits us remained weak and ineffective so long as it
and one cannot help but wonder on this from driving too fast because in so doing we was unrecognized. Communism began to
Memorial Day of 1960 if we shall heed these place others in jeopardy. But the new con- spread through the world as soon as the
warnings. cept of individual rights and civil liberties United States extended diplomatic recogni-
In his speech to the 1957 national con- seems to be that they are supreme even tion in 1933, because, in violation of all in-
vention of the American Legion, Mr. J. Ed- above the rights and the best interest of the ternational morality and even of the execu-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX A5929
other reasons. Recognizing this, the New
York Legislature recently passed P. law at
my request mandating the conversion of
group `health insurance policies to indi-
vidual licies upon retirement at premium
levels no exceeding 120 percent of prior
payments, is measure represents a major
advance, but of a complete solution. No
one State can lye this problem alone. It
is essentially a ational problem.
From the carri standpoint, health in-
st:rance for the age is likely to be a most
unprofitable type of usiness unless pre-
mium costs can be spre over all age groups.
The latter is difficult the competitive,
experience-rating conditio which exist in
For voluntary plans,, there re serious fi-
nancial problems in rovidin such cover-
age. In 1958, for example, I am vised that
million in premiums from its 65- d-over
subscribers and paid out $9.7 million meet
their hospital bills. Had the Blue Cr.
not
cost subscribers not only raise costs for ev-
eryone, but threaten the very existence of
the Blue Cross system.
It is now clear that some type of Federal
Government action is needed to solve this
problem-a fact reoognized in the wide
variety of plans now under consideration
in the Congress. In 1954, as Under Secre-
tary of Health, Education, and Welfare, I
participated in developing an administra-
tion proposal for limited Government in-
volvement through a Federal reinsurance
system to assist voluntary he,.lth plans in
undertaking broadened protection, includ-
ing improved protection of the aged. The
proposal was not adopted by Congress. Since
then, the problem has become no less acute.
The issue has ceased to be whether to do
anything at all. The issue is how best-to
do what so obviously needs to be done.
And the issue is immediate. Last Thurs-
day, the House of Representatives passed a
bill contemplating some medical care bene-
fits, through Federal grants sharing costs
with States, provided on a basis of need.
This is an extremely limited measure-seem-
ingly in the nature of an election-year stop-
gap. There is substantial evidence that the
Senate during the coming week will begin
serious consideration of expanding this
measure into a comprehensive effort to meet
the problem. I sincerely hope that this is
the case.
Of the various proposed programs of health
insurance for the aged, the best known tre
the Forand bill and the administrationsbill.
There are many differences between th two
bills, but the fundamental difference Z in the
two approaches to financing the_ roposed
benefits. The Forand bill would ifrerease the
social security payroll tax to,~ encompass
health insurance for those ove>;t5, while the
administration bill proposes W"'Federal-State
program of health insuran i' for older per-
sons, paid for primarily,y general tax
revenues of the Federal,nd State govern-
ments, but with the der persons them-
selves (other than thoseof public assistance)
paying an enrollment;yee of $24 a year.
m it volummsi1 q ncerned with employee
welfare, as Under ecretary of Health, Edu-
cation, and Welf and as Governor of New
York. I have be concerned with the health
insurance que on for many years. It seems
to me that tyre are four grave weaknesses
in the Foram measure.
1. The rand bill would not provide
health I. rance coverage for any of the 4
in.iilion rsons now over 65 years of age
who are of included in the social security
2. Itl lacks any element of choice and
would therefore tend to stifle further devel-
opment of voluntary health insurance for the
aged in this country.
3. Administration of the Forand bill pro-
gram would be under centralized Federal
control with no flexibility for accommodation
to varying conditions in the different States.
4. It fails to provide the standards needed
to maintain the quality essential to good
medical care.
In the administration bill, the basic flaw
is the method of financing, which I regard
as fiscally unsound. Instead of extending a
proven contributory system of insurance-
the administration bill provides subsidies
from the general revenues, shared by the
States and the Federal Government under
an equalization formula.
Under a contributory system a definite
percentage of the cost is born by those who
ultimately receive the benefits. This pro-
vides a built-in safeguard against the con-
stant pressure for irresponsible and extrav-
agant additions to the scheme which is
politically difficult to resist. The admin-
istration plan would be particularly vulner-
able to such pressure, based as it is on the
concept of subsidy.
h e to allocate to the program near 10
pe fit of its current State purposes dget
if it rticipated. It is likely that a. tuber
of Sta s would decide not to par pate at
In ad the administra_ n bill has
"means N0711 deductible an coinsurance
features un listically limi benefits and
requiring cu rsome and tly administra-
tive mechanis in all States. It does,
however, provid or mi um standards of
care and its ben is uld come closer to
meeting the medic re needs of the aged
than do those of th orand bill.
What, then, are elements of a work-
able approach? m udgment, we must
begin with the rincipl at our basic re-
liance for he insura protection for
the populati as a whole ould be volun-
tary health surance. But, cognizing the
special pr em of insuring th ealth of the
aged,I b eve Congress should act a pro-
gram b ed on the principles shall set
In Ansidering these principles, should
keej in mind that taxes levied by At Gov-
erp}bent to support a health insuran sys-
tesh are equally compulsory, whether ey
e in the form of general revenue taxe r
opinion, both illusory and Irrelevant insofar
as financing is concerned. As to the volun-
tary or compulsory nature of the receipt of
benefits, I shall comment further.
The principles I advocate are these:
1. Health insurance should be provided for
as many as possible over 65 without refer-
ence to a means test.
The concept of an "earned benefit" result-
ing from a contributory system is an impor-
tant one to retain-one which stresses indi-
vidual initiative and dignity in our society,
2. The basic mechanism for achieving this
should be the contributory social insurance
system, supported by payroll taxes, which
exists in the old-age, survivors, and disability
insurance system. A separate "health bene-
fit trust fund" should be established in this
system to account for the taxes received and
benefits paid.
This well-administered system has proved
to be effective and economical. Its contribu-
tory nature has been completely accepted
and is, indeed, strongly supported by em-
ployees as well as their employers.
3. The full payroll-tax increase required to
finance the additional health benefits should
be enacted at the same time as the new
benefits.
The maximum additional tax needed for
the benefits I propose would be one-half of
1 percent for employees and the same amount
for employers.
4. Some 4 million persons over age 65 are
not covered by OASDI insurance. Nearly half
of these are recipients of old-age assistance
payments, paid from Federal, State, and local
general revenues. A second group among
these 4 million are receiving retirement
benefits from the civil service, railroad re-
tirement, or other programs. A third group
receive their support from other personal
resources or are dependent on others for
Those older persoi not eligible for bene-
fits under the OAS system must, neverthe-
less, have compa le health insurance pro-
tection availab to them.
I believe th the Federal program should
permit paytents into the separate health
benefit tr fund for the purchase of the
same h th protection for these persons as
would e available to retired OASDI bene-
ficial es. The Federal Government should
m h according to a formula any payments
OASDI in purchasing the OASDI health bene-
fits. The Federal Government would also, of
course, continue to provide Federal matching
grants for old-age assistance payments, in-
cluding those for medical care purposes.
5. Each OASDI beneficiary eligible for the
statutory health benefits should be given an
option to forgo those benefits in favor of
receiving a special monthly cash benefit
added to his regular social security check,
provided he presented proof that he car-
ried a health Insurance policy at least
equivalent to the protection afforded by the
statutory benefits.
This option would give the benefit phase
of the program, as distinct from the financ-
ing phase, a truly voluntary nature. It
would encourage commercial carriers and
voluntary health insurance organizations to
continue their efforts to develop sound cov-
erage plans for the senior population.
Furthermore, individuals covered during
employment by outstanding health insur-
ance plans would thus be encouraged to con-
tinue such plans after retirement.
6. The program should provide at Its out-
set for hospitalization, nursing home care
and visiting nurse services, with additional
benefits to be added as experience may indi-
cate their desirability and feasibility.
A benefit schedule offering more total days
of care according to the proportion spent
in nursing home care and visiting nurse
to a benefits as soon as possible, to help
min ize instances of hospitalization. Sub-
should be found possible to
cover adit er forms of organized home-care
services, a costs of certain drugs, surgery,
and poss other physician services.
agency should be chosen or
7. A Std
established maintain standards set by the
Secretary of ealth, Education, and WeI-
This agency u1d make reimbursement
to hospitals, nur g homes, and visiting
nurse services on basis of actual costs.
The agency would r iew and certify rates
for payment based on ctual cost as deter-
mined by uniform cost counting methods.
It would certify expendit es under the pro-
gram and maintain a con uing review of
This program should be reded as only
one part-though a major part--"-of a larger
overall effort to make better pr`brision for
our senior citizens who have alre#tiy made
their great contribution to our way of life.
For example, improved housing for the
aged ranks as an important aspect of their
well-being. But a sound health insurance
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - AP
program is the most urgent immediate
need-to the end that the retirement years
shall be made as free as possible from the
crushing cost burdens and anxieties at-
% upon illness.
In the achievement of these objectives,
ur elder citizens deserve decisive and
ompt action.
The Legislative Representative of the
%WCTU Reports to the People
lt,
ETTENSION OF REMARKS
HOB(. EDWARD H. REES
S OF KANSAS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Sat'hjday, July 2, 1960
Union Signal, your own Senators and Senator
LYNDON B. JOHNSON have heard your opin-
ion that action on S. 1432 is vital during this
session.
MORE LIQUOR TO DRIN1
The distillers of this country apparently
produced almost 145 million gallons of
whisky in 1959, and they are looking forward
with confidence to 1960 and the years
throughout the "fabulous sixties." One
commentator in a liquor publication gave
an optimistic forecast, "All grains, including
corn, rye, and barley malt are in excellent
supply and at reasonably low prices. Water
is plentiful, labor is plentiful and the spring
of 1960 looks favorable to whisky making,
at a reasonable cost."
Spirits magazine believes that 1960 will
be the greatest year yet for the hard liquor
interests, "greatest in sales, greatest in pro-
duction, greatest in favor as a normal part
of American life." They see the decade of
Mr. REES 6,f Kansas. Mr. Speaker,
under unanimdls consent approved by
the House, I am ~icluding herewith "The
Washington Let t r," by Mrs. Glenn G.
Hays, representat ve, bureau of legisla-
tion. Woman's ristian Temperance
(By Mrs. Glenn G. Hays, tepresentative,
bureau of legislation)
y higher sal-
salary level.
people are an encour-
fantastic rise is largely
Congress will be closing itsresent session help the liquo
when this issue of the Union-Signal comes in 1960.
to you, so you will have a _later report on QV While env
the attention of the entire House o
sentatives.
to the full committee. On May 25 the
committee discussed the bill, but did
act on it. Instead, a hearing was sched
guard.
During the 2-hour hearing, reps
placed in the record Zments in support Distiller n;spirits-Apparent average annual
of S. 1432. Senator M THURMOND, of per cap a consumption in the eoaitinental
South Carolina; Sena . L. BARTLETT, of Unitedtes, 1850--1958
Alaska: and Senator t;rri,c:r... .ought out -' )In tax gallons]
o of S. 1432 by their
evidence in supp
searching questio during the course of the 1850-__--___ {h__ ____________________ 2.24
2 86
hearing. Senato Moss, of Utah, and CARL- 1860___ 2.07
SON, of Kansas led statements in support 1870--------- 07
1.39
of S. 1432. ators ENCLE, of California, 1871-9080. -------------------- - _-_ 1.35
SCOTT, o Pennsylvania, members of the 1881-___._____
- ---------------- 1.37
committee, articipated in the discussion 1891-95___________ _ 1.12
and quest' ning. 1896-1900---------- ----------------
1.39
Presui bly, S. 1432 will again be placed 1901-05 ------------- ___________ 1.43
Oil genda of the Senate Interstate and 1906-10--------------- ____ _ _ 1.46
,All -- ----------
______ Forei Commerce Committee for considers- - 1.45
tionhen the report of the June 16 hearing 1912_____________________
_
ha t been printed for their study. Letters 1913______--_- -?-___ ----- - 11.51
44
--
from homefolk will be an important and 1914----------------- ,__-__... --- - 1. 26
possibly a deciding factor. If you have fol- 1915......................... --------
1.37
lowed directives in previous issues of the 1916_________________,_
Distilled spirits-Apparent average annual
per capita consumption in the continental
United States, 1850-1958-Conti4ued
1917--------------------------- ------- 1.62
918 --- - - -------------- ------- .87922 - --?- ---- -- ------ 18
1923 -- -- - ----?'--- .11
.10
1 Q9.4 --- _______ ----------------
I
1925---- - - - - -------------------
1926- - -----?---------------- .09 __ AL 1927 -- -------?---------------- -08
1928---- - -- --- -- .09
1929 ` ---------------------- .09
1931 _ .07
05
06
193 . .0
5
----------------
19 ..............
1936 ----------------- ----------- .81
1937------------------------------- 1.03
1938------------------
1941----------------------?l
1942----------------------
1945-----------------?-------- --------------------------- A
1946 ----------------------------
195I-----------------?----------------
1952---------------------------------
1.02
1.02
1954--------------------------------- 1.'t2
1955 ---------------------------------- 1.07
1956 ---------------------------------- 1.13
1957 -------------------------------- 1.17
oning a consumption of liquor 1958 --------------------------------- 1.12
insists that drinkers are drinking ties withdrawn for certain manufacturing,
It was the spread of consump- compounding, medicinal, and sacramental
Rption was only 1.24 gallons, against the which dA not support Mr. Donov- con-
t-repeal average of 1.26. And that figure to,itifl
aid.
Mr. Donovan's figures do not tally with
sentatives-of capil consumption prepared by the U.S.
and Senator Govei` ment and printed annually in Statis-
rl-
nsas, spoke and tical Al[stract of the United States.
The Communist Conspiracy
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. CHARLES S. GUBSER
OF CALIFORNIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Saturday, July 2, 1960
Mr. GUBSER. Mr. Speaker, under
leave to extend my remarks, I submit a
speech which I gave before the United
Veterans Council in San Jose, Calif., on
Memorial lay, entitled "The Communist
Conspiracy":
THE COMMUNIST CONSPIRACY
(By the Honorable CHARLES S. GUBSER)
We meet today to honor those who have
given their lives in the defense of our
country.
We meet under another great cloud of in-
ternational tension and view shattered hopes
which fell when a shameless ruler in the
Kremlin used the U-2 as a readymade excuse
for a decision he had already made-to tor-
pedo the summit conference and with it the
hopes of the world for peace.
There is only one way in which we can
truly honor our war dead and that is to
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