PRAVDA MILITARY CORRESPONDENT DESCRIBES LOCAL ASPECTS OF AFGHAN WAR

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Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1
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RIFPUB
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K
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12
Document Creation Date: 
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date: 
October 29, 2010
Sequence Number: 
11
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Publication Date: 
January 1, 1984
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OPEN SOURCE
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(~ Appro~vled For Release 2010/10/29: CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 J \ ~~ ~' uY_~ ~ ~~ "1 ~ ~rrr'a~,ir~a. var. vl~i.i - a 3 r~~v~2c~c ~~ ~ ~ ~. AFQiAIVI S TAN Moscow MOLODOY KOI~~Zt~NNIST in Russian No 1, Jan~~p 83-89 ..~ [Article by Lt Col Petr Studenikin, review er and assistant editor of the_ military section of the newspaper PRAVDA: "Pilaw I Know How to Build a Pdew Life" ] [Text.] Soldiers of the Revolution left, all the way to the horizon, stretched the red dunes of-the Registan [Desert] in ocean-like swells; to the right, dead "lunar" Mountains, and under them, as if giant termite hills had been stuck together, .stood dwellings that were labyrinths of clay villages [kishlaI~]. Seen clearly were bomb craters, smashed cupolas of roofs and signs of burned out buildings. fro months ago, a large group of bandits [dushman] had been routed here. The crew of the Afghan helicopter conducts one last air reconnaissance prior to the operation being prepared by the corps of the Afghan people's army. According to the aecurity organizations known as the KYiAD [expansion unkna~n], after having been defeated in the mountains, the counterrevolution has made its nest in some of the villages in the green zone of Kandahar. I peer -- until my eyes start hurting -- at the na,rraw, little alleys through which tanks could never pass, the tiny courtyards. .that are as deep as wells, and the lush, overgrown vineyards stretching out for many kilometers in all directions where an entire regiment and even a division could be concealed. Not a soul! Perhaps w e are flying too high. But at this paint, the flight engineer, P~tohammed Ilan, touched my shoulder and pointed first in the direction of the Registan Desert and then the mountains, and I caught sight of a black dotted line made up of artillery pieces, tanks-and armored vehicles. These were units and subunits of the Afghan corps moving out to their initial positions. A bullet from a. British BUR .rifle suddenly pierced the bottom of the helicopter; it was a confirmation of the undeclared war that was going on. The helicopter seemed to hang aver the strange and mysterious planet: To the ...At the corps command post, w e were met by Col Mohammed Ka'air, the corps commander. Short and stocky, with a face that shaved intelligence and resoluteness, he greeted us happily and energetically, and briefly laid out the operational plan. Approved For Release 2010/10/29: CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 Approved For Release 2010/10/29 :CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 "The bandits [dushman] have changed their tactics:- They do not',engage in open combat with large forces, but-have "dissolved" in the mountains-and- villages, and have begun to engage=in terrorism,.Qur mission is to find and neutralize the bandits. Last time, Gul'buddin Ktiekmatiar,-the "commander-in- chief of the armed forges of the Islamic party of Afghanistan," as he calls himself, engaged us in combat in this very-same-village. The heavy, bloody battle, with tanks, artillery and aviation lasted-several-days. The bandits were defeated and the "commander-in-chief" was wounded and barely made `it to the border. I~Je shall see if he decides to engage us today." "41e11, anyway, "` -Col- Ka.bir' looked at his watch. ~ "It is time to start. " A cgmmand rang out and dense grey-lines of Afghan subunachine gunners moved out through the cemetery toward the high clay walls with narra~r.slits in them. ~1e also rioved out. -with Sr Capt P'ohammed Anvax, the division political officer, Sr Lt Khazrat Shir, the rflgiment propaganda officer, and tw o enlisted men, Fatakh`from Farah and-Basal from Gura. she hot December sun-(+27 degrees in the shade) warms our backs and the w hi+.e clay of +,he walls blinds our eyes. Stillness. j~e enter a tiny courtyard, a,nd it is as if w e had crossed over centuries. Haw can w e describe an Afghan dyrelling that looks as if it had been especially built-for defense? The bandits, after seizing a village, convert each-such dwelling into a small fort. Surrounded by an outside blank wall, the inside is like a labyrinth, with narraz passageways, small enclosures for cattle, all divided by the same kind of clay stall. A bullet gets-stuck in it and a shell easily penetrates it w ithout exploding. Iiere, you do not see your combat buddy, neither. to the right nor left.- You do not know what aiaaits you-. two meters ahead or on either side behind the wails -- a grenade, a bullet, or the blow of a dagger. 'I}~ro months ago, -tanks and armored vehicles were burning in these tiny passagw:ays, and defenders of the revolution were being killed at point--blank r4i:g^. '?'he bandits even fired machine guns and mortars as if they were Pistols -- at point-blank range. x was told by uarticiya.nts ~f thnRP ttia.??les that b'a{+,alions and regiments were braken down into rou a of -10 e Fe.ch group out n Oven en ~. There w ire some improbable situations. For oxarrple, soldiers in thQ garden viould surround a house in which there were 'r~a,ndits; o+.her bandits would surround the garden where the soldiers were. It x as like a multi-tierod cake, and it w as_ a harsh examination. of each solcli pr's readiness. And they passod the examination. A large group -- around 800 laa,ndits -- was crushed. Today there are only sporwdic, single rif7.e shots, short machine gun bursts and dull-explosions of hand grenades. 3ut it bannot be definitely 'de-termined-yet if the enemy has r~trea.ted to the center of the grQsn zone in order to fight or if they have hiddar, thoir t?:eapons. That sometimes also happens. ~.re aro not in the tiny courtyard,-next to an old peach tree, by the owner,- a grey-bearded elder. .instead of a document he gives us a photograph from his. farraly album- in which w e see him looking at us; an elderly woman -- the mistress of the house -- and five sons, two of them in the uniform of the Afghan people's army.. Sr Lt IOZOZrat Shir translates the ensuing FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Approved For Release 2010/10/29 :CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 Approved For Release 2010/10/29: CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 ~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ~ conversation: "The owner's name is Fazil' i~tohammed. He is b~ years old. He lives by selling fruit from his little pomegranate garden. Iie can live on what he sells for 4-5 months. He goes to Iran or Pakistan to make money. His father and his father's father did the same thing. He believes that a ~ new life is beginning, and that is why he sent his sons, Dust T?tohammed (he is now a lieutenant) and Y~kiayr Pdohammed (he is fighting somewhere. in Baglan), to j the army to defend the revolution. "I have seen a lot in my time," says the old man. "T"y grandfather was a slave, my father was also, and even I w as, but my sons. here axe never going to be slaves. It is worth fighting for that...." Yes,. for the first time in-the entire history of Afghanistan the April revolution proclaimed that its most important task was to guarantee. true equality for all peoples and tribes, large and small, regardless of language, religious belief, way ~f life [nomadic or sedentary] or place ~f residence. In order to achieve this-goal the Central Committee of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan [Iv'DPA] and the government of the DRA [Democratic Republic of Afghanistan] intend to grant, guarantee and secure to all peoples of the republic not only formal,. but actual equality: Equal opportunity in developing an economic life and a rich and distinctive culture, including self-education. in the native language. The party and government, are paying especially great attention to an accelerated development of areas populated by national minorities and tribes that are bacIffaard in social, economic and cultural matters. The enlisted men, Fatakh from Farah and Rasul from Guram -- our "bodyguards" -- grew up in remote mountain villages. From their childhood years they both learned about the bitter lot of hired hands and felt the searing pain of landowners' whips. This is not. their first year in the army. T~)YYen their two-year enlistment ended, Fatakh said to the commander: "Tdow is not the time to think about one's small house. One has to thinIi about the big hause -- our homeland. I shall be a soldier until w e annihilate all the bandits." Fatakh has taken part in 33 combat operations. "They fight boldly. They s;re the first to go into an attack and the last ones to leave the field of combat," says the commander about them. I asked Fatakh what he wants to do after the final victory. "I will go home, to the mountains. Now L knew haw to build a new life-...." For this destitute family, the victorious April revolution was like water from a spring for a traveler, like the gust of afresh mountain breeze on a hot, stifling day. His sisters were given the. opportunity to study, his brother became a pilot, and FataIch himself -- when the achievements of the revolution began to be threatened by the forces of domestic and foreign reaction -- joined the Democratic Organization of Afghan Youth (DOIgA) and .took a submachine gun into his hands, so that he could fight the enemy. Today's Afghan army is a political school that is attended by tens of thousands of former laborers and nomads, deprived and illiterate people. ` Approved For Release 2010/10/29: CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 Approved For Release 2010/10/29: CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 _ rUK V!?~r1l:lAL U,L~ UtVLY - From the very first day, the enemies of the revolution began an intensive strugglA for the minds and hearts of .the soldiers. They sent their agitators into uni+.s and subunits, tryin ?o turn the soldiers to treason. Th~:y obstructed the military draft ~aften forcibly sending draft-age youths into Pakistan, to the terrorists' bases) in order to forcA soldiers to thra,? aa~ray t:~eir rifles, and took their families as hostages into the mountains. Lies and vengeance, terrorism and black7*~ailtaQre put into operation. All in vain. ~?ihi1P at first there were cases of individual subunits 'n over to the side nf_thQ _r?~r, prrnvolution, right naw only individuals or small groups of servicere A ~e officer corps of the Afghan army has also changed qualitatively. Sr Lt I~azrat whir -- our interpretex -- from his childhood, together with his father, bent his back in working for Khan Shir I~iohammed, who had 1,000 dzheribs of land. I~azrat, harever, managed to finish eight years of school and enter the Kabul tecl'~riical school for auto mechanics. Isere he learned russian. ("Please give my best regards to our teacher, Valentina AleIisandrovna .olomeyets. I think she is from the Ukraine.") During his third year ~azrat Shir left for the army to defend the revolution. Political officer of the company and battalion; propaganda officer of the regiment; dozens of battles, thousands of kilometers of fatally dangerous mountain patr~s; hundreds of illiterate youths have been placed by him -- I~Ozazrat Shir -- into the revolutionary ranks. ...A bullet flew by next to us, and our group was immediately returned to the command pos+.. Col Kabir, the corps commander, happily announces: "shore will be no big battle. Several caches of arms have been seized.... I~Touldn't you like to see the royal villa?" Ise pointed to a high castle-palace reigning over the entire green zone, The royal villa -- the former one, of course -- is a strong, stone fortress o:~ the side of a mountain, na-r occupied by the local "detachment for the defAnse of the revolution." These-detachments (somewhat similar to ours. during the ChOIy [Special I,ission Detachments] days of the civil war), comprised of the poor people and those devoted to the revolution, .exist throughout the entire republic. 'T'hey fight the counterrevolution and defend their homes and villages against the bandits. Along a narrow staircase, pock-marked by pieces of grenade shrapnel, past fierce-looking, black- and grey-bearded sentries wearing cries-crossed machine gun bandoliers and cartridge belts, w e climbed to the flat roof s.~here we could see all around us, as from a low-flying helicopter. ~~le find oursAlvAs in a +.,ight circle of armed people, old and young. t7e are amazed by the "assortment" of weapons: British and Egyptian rifles, Spanish machine guns, Palcistani grQnades, Belgian pistols... "Aliakbar, commander of the detachment for the defense of the revolution," introduces himself in Russian, a iieutena.nt of the tsarando3- (militia). "kre are atill having a difficult time. Our peasant still has the same little world re has had for centuries: A pair of oxen to till the soil, a w ooden plough; he is a born feudal princeling whose word is lac~r ; the village mullah who has unquestioning authority.... But a breal: has already taken place in thQ hearts of the people. They have made their choice." FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Approved For Release 2010/10/29: CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 Approved For Release 2010/10/29 :CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 ~ FOR OFFICIAL: USE ONLY ~ found ourselves at the edge of the roof. The observer was a 13 or 14 year- old boy. Slung over his shoulder w as a PPSh [ submachine guru] w ith ~ light: blue ribbon wrapped around its stock. 1Ie was. talking excitedly and pointing to the distant stream. "Bandits," said Aliakbar, giving me the binoculars. beyond the river, in the grass, I saw dark figures. Four or five. They would appear, then vanish. Then I saz~ that they w ere being pursued by a group of Afghan soldiers. ~dext to me, a machine gun began to rattle angrily. After the third or fourth burst, the figures disappeared and did not reappear any more. "And that is how ~?re live," said Alikbar, lieutenant of the tsarandoy, getting up from the machine gun. The Enemy "Farouk, son of Sardar T~lohartmed. " "Nationa.lity?" "Pushtu." ~~A.ge~~~ "22 years." "parentage?" "P~Iy father is a merchant; my father's father a small trader...." "Do you know has to read?" "What do you knas about the April revolution?" "When I served in the army (Farouk, son of Sardar P~Sohammed was discharged from the people's army eight months ago), the officers said that a revolution for the people had taken place. I returned home, and the mullah sails ' There wasn`t any kind of revolution....' He gave me a flatbread and a bullet, and said: 'Go kill a soldier, and I'll give you three flatbreads and three bullets...."' "I3ut what do you yourself think about the revolution?" "I don't think an, tx hing~yself. The mullah i~ everything." Approved For Release 2010/10/29 :CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 Approved For Release 2010/10/29 :CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 _ rvic vrri~,aAa. uar, vi~a.i _ 'T'his conversation tool: place in the w omen's half of the house, the palace of a fvrner millionaire smuggler, row occupied (and lived in, worked in, and as it has h~;.pper~ed, even fought in} by personnel of the 't{hAD, the organization of state securi+.y of Kandahar Province. The previous night the f~AA and a battalion for defense of the revolution conducted a successful combat opPrs,tio:r, they seized a cache of arms and llk dushmai: terrorists. Farouk, sore of Sardar Ioliammed, is one of them, a mar, conderrrned by Gul' buddin I:1-:eI:.nwtiwr, ?he "commander-in-chief" of the armed forces of the Islamic Party +r~ ? ~+ ~~ of t.~,;hwrau ;,ar.. Arid I rer:Arrbered a trip that I had twl:en over two years ago nay to the Pushta tribe ~?rith naiz T?Iohammed, the minister for border and tribal affairs of the ~?rtA. Iin .r as mAditatively looking out the wiridar at the vast expanse seen unc.or th~taing of the aircraft and was telling of the needs and hopes of the simple noriad: armed their joyless, hard life. "Cur party and government," said the minister, "has a deep respect for iiatior~al, religious, and tribal traditions and customs. i'~~is was proclaimed nest emphatically by Pa.brak Iiarmal, the general secretary of the I~~?I':1 [I?tatior~al n~mocratic Party of Afghanistan] Central Committee and chairman of the ~i?A Revolutionary Council during a recent radio and television appeal to the people. i?1e are trying to do our k?ork in such a bray that the sword of the pe-.ople's paYsr, its position and the measures passed in the best interest of the vast majority of the representatives of the Pushtu nomadic tribes and peasants, s?: ill find a real response and support in places in every little corner of cur country." Faiz T?iohammed, who lead comp from the Pushtu people , and who wanted to see both his felloh tribesmen and all people of Afghanistan happy, died at the hands of a dushman. Among the primary problems that faced the republic immediately after the April revolution, was that of land reform and the problem of Afghan nomads. There are nearly three million of them, that is, nearly a fifth of the population. I?lost of the nomads are Pushtus, although there are also represer~ta+,ives of other peoples and nationalities of Afghanistan. "Our problems," noted Hafar Khan, one of the well-known Pushtu leaders during our discussion, "in many ways are identical with the problems facing the entire country. They include a struggle against poverty and sickness, illiteracy and economic bacIaiardness. It is a struggle against those who are trying to prevent our people from building a ear life." ...Thr~y pass through the small off"ice of the KhAD chief, young and strong, in white turbans (Sunnis) and in blacl~ (Shiites), some silent, others talkative, bearded and beardless; and in my notebool: I have these remarks: "For I:illirg an activist of +,he IPA, when confirmed by other 'honest T?:uslims,' they pay me 10 thousand afghanis, but if I bring a head, I receive 50 thousand.... Abduldzhalil (an unskilled laborer in Afghanistan earns around 2 tizrnasand afghaius per month)." 36 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Approved For Release 2010/10/29 :CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 r ?~ Approved For Release 2010/10/29: CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 - rux urr~t,iA~, ua~: uivLY _ Said I~Iussein, a cutthroat from Gul'buddin I~eLmatiax's special group of condemned men tells the falluaing: "Our main mission today is to w ark among the masses. ode have become smarter; w e do not cut up or punish our fellow t~4uslims openly. For this there are courts of justice organized in the Islamic committees. Acts of terror -- killing of teachers, tsarandoy workers, members of cooperatives, activists -- are noc~r done wearing the uniforms of soldiers of the Afghan people's army...." hnd he told in detail how in the green zone of Kandahar his group., posing as soldiers, brutally dealt with six activists. And in Kandahar itself they shot an B year-old child whose father worked in the. local government office. Shirali (apparently a nickname): "TTo, I am not a terrorist. I am a recruiter. I recruit youths and men for .our educational centers. IIow do w e do it? The Islamic Committee (it can be either on the territory of Afghanistan or Pakistan; it does not. make any difference) promulgates a 'lar~r' on calling up youths from age 18 to 20 (or the entire male population capable of carryin a gun) far military service. -The servants of Allah (the recruiters -- P.S.~deliver the text of these 'law s' to the villages, the 'recruits' are gathered in groups and sent across the border...." The texts of these 'law s' conform strictly to the ancient Oriental style: "In the name of Allah, the all-benevolent and all-merciful, w e have been permitted to turn to you, the most revered...." ~iext are listed the duties to be performed for Allah by the P~iuslim brothers and directly by the "Islamic Committee-" And only after this comes the request -- an order -- to send so many youths and men with the bearer of the letter. But if all this does not have an effect on the elders, there is a "harsh version," in which the pious tone is replaced by a threatening tone.- In the event that even this does not have an effect, there is an ultimatum: By such and such a date, collect and deliver to such and such a place so many youths and men. ...They took away the last Bushman terrorist and w e stayed alone with comrade D., the KhAD chief (T was asked not to name the w orkexs.af state security). ~rilight, unnoticed, had engulfed the office. t1e sat silently. Either the approaching darkness was not conducive to tall, or w e both have really been affected by our draw n-out meeting with the enemy. Then, somewhere nearby, a single rifle shot rang out and was answered by the angry staccato of a submachine gun. Several minutes later began what seemed to be a furious, random exchange of fire. j~dith heavy footsteps someore ran along the corridor, and someone -- just a little boy, but with a submachine gun -- flew into the office and apparently received a reprimand from the chief, far he left in a noticeably quiet manner. The exchange of fire ended as suddenly as it had begun. Comrade D. stood up, opened the safe, and tool,; out a thick notebook filled with Yiandw ritten Arabic curlicues.... The notebook had hundreds of intelligence .reports: "Rustam" reported from Pakistan that 600 units of air defense weapons of the "Red Eye~ty~w ere being sent to the aZ an ar in enz? and-'~imurg vehicles; "Fayda" (also from Pakistan) reported about a secret meeting in Cheman in which several dozen heads of large groups participated; their awn man from the 37 Approved For Release 2010/10/29: CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 Approved For Release 2010/10/29 :CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 ~ ~ small rural district of Argarrdab {a suburb of Kandahar) sent a map showing the 'ta i Inter deploymen+." of bandit groups in the Kandahar greet: zone. And so forth, wed so Earth.... It is not nr:ough to give the bandits a place. They also have to be supplied ?or combat, with every+..hing they nAed. Every country that adheres to the .isgraceful, semi-legal, anti-Afghanistani pact carries a responsibility. ti,ome supply +,he bandits with mortarN, recoilless tr oapons, flamethrow ere and sr1a11 zxr;:s; others, for Arample, the Ua, with "ground-air" typo missiles, mortars, Jeeps, with flamethrarers, and th~? latAst rerlades and mines (there wre especially large numbers of these); the FPG, with antitanlr rocltiets; Japc;.ii, with field radio transr.itters; and Egypt, ;?rith hand antitank rortars.... ~~x:;I, arc' instructors for the prir~rary anti-Afghanistar~i base, in+,o tirhich PaI~ist2x, has been made by th^ US and other imperialis? pacers, continue to flex; ~lor~g the arakorum road, through +,,hs seapor+,s of I~rachi and Guidar, and by wit. ...Along thy, darlt corridor and the narrar little staircase, past the ~r indarr s filled ire ~?r ith stories and turnAd into peepholes, w A ~~r Pet dar n w ith comrade D. into a sma11 courtyard, as darl: as a w Qll, where ~?r n it ere a:?r cited by young, 1 ~ to 2~ year-old defenders of the r?valuti021, z?; aitill~; to go out on a combat r:issior.. `fzsy irore dressed in their national costume. It could ba guessed tI"iat they ~.~' submachine gulls under their light blue wrld black capes. Among the combat troops I recognized i~iavruz (also a psnudon ,~.), the fearless roconnaissancA scout. Jlis fatatras the samQ as that of thrusands of Afghans: Ilis father, a poasan+., was brutally killed in front of his ey~as by the lar~darner's loyal followers. IIe himself also had his sham of grief. rocause of +,his, hQ accepted the revolution with all his heart, and from the first day tras ir. the ranks of its defenders in one of the roost difficult s^ctors. IIe ~,r orlcs among the enemy, and the least bit of carelAssness would result in a terrible reprisal. Buf__every_ time ho discovers Knoth~:r gang of bandits, he iU raring +o go into open combat. I na:J. first met I~'avruz on the -Ave of this operation. II? had just returned fret,! the Qnamy camp. j:-e had +.ime to speak of many +.,ha.r~gs, and as we parted, idavruz paid: "I a.^.; r~o+, afraid of dea+.h, because I am fighting for +,he bright future of Afghanistan.... I f~;el fortunate when I am able to nc;u+,ralize a ba.ndit...." `1'hA dark little figures slipped through the narrow gate and immediately bleYidow in with the rippling night of the guarded town. Sor:~,*herQ, on the cuts,.irts, occasional shots could be heard, and than, red tracers from subr::aclli ri? `uIi uursts t? ould t?xaw their designs or. the b1acJ; velvety sky. 'I"_;e v: Iii to sun rose over tl:e seemingly dead, grey mountain ridges. On a helicopter, I trs.s catching up t itll a column of SOViet and Afghan trucks, Approved For Release 2010/10/29 :CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 Approved For Release 2010/10/29 :CIA-RDP96R01136R002605130011-1 ~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY pro+,ected by tans and arrTOred vehicles, loaded c?, ith supplies for the ppoz,].n of l;irenI>ot, whard-to-road: 'oorcl.er area of the LIIA. PorOUS volcanic pumice tl^:at had solidified from its bailing liduic'4 stata, I;zrizes -- the wells for ur:dArgroLU^id canals (ullique system of Vr at~r-supply that had. developed horn over thousands. oZ yAars}, fnrtraG~-7i~e villa~r?ssrit'~ hemispheric roofs oi':^.ous^s, as if they s~,ere sealed off bo~?~ivQs; all this was unusual alid foreign. Copt ~Ielil?;am Akhmadulin' s engineers wore in ar: armored vehicle . The ~r frlt" , pun~;en+., dust t}lat Ldd,5 being raised ir! front of our vohiclo by the tanks of Lt Il' ya Osipov Drily inerPasAC, thr~ f~t~~; n~ ~n *,.~n unearthly reality of the mountains and t'r!e labyrinth-lil.Q dl~rellin~s. fihe road veerix:~; off from the river charnel ~r e:nt steeply up the mountain, arc? Captain /':I>}1m~7,duliri signal^d for me to go t'xoaa n into the armored ;;ersonnel carrier, slammc:ci shut thr~ hatch, ar:d yelled out: "If ~~re pass through this s-actor safely, the little Afgllar. kids ,?rill have bread and. sugar...." IT^ did not finishrlis sentence' tirhpn the vohiclo t1 as bounced up wed a sharp clap resounded. The ~?rhite Afghanista,rri sure burned one's eyes until thFy hurt: On the dirty road the mQdical instructor, aasha Iarinyak, a }ioldavidn from f