Proposed Downgrading of Classified Documents for Cognitive Sciences Laboratory - Volume 2 of 2

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• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP96-00789R003200160001-9
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• Document Creation Date: November 4, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 21, 1998
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• Publication Date: June 9, 1994
• Content Type: LIST

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UNCLASSIFIED
PROPOSED DOWNGRADING OF CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS FOR COGNITIVE SCIENCES
LABORATORY - VOLUME 2 OF 2 (U)
1 SRI An Application Oriented Remote Viewing
Experiment (U)
' 2 SRI An Application Orientated Remote Viewing
Experiment (SRI Project 8339) (U)
f 3 SRI Geophysical Effects Study (SRI Project 6600)
Dec 84 (U)
4 SRI Geophysical Effects Study (SRI Project 6600)
Jul 84) (U)
? 5 SRI Personnel Identification and Selection (SRI
Proiect 6000)
J 6 SRI Special Orientation Techniques (SRI Project
6600) (U)
? 7 SRI Special Orientation Techniques S-IV (U) (SRI
Project 5590
? a SRI Target Search Techniques (U) (SRI Project 6600)
a 9 SRI Special Orientation Techniques S-V, S-VI (U)
(SRI Project 6600)
10 SRI Coordinate Remote Viewing (CRV) Technology
./ 11 SRI Computer-Assisted Search (U) (SRI Project 1291)
J 12 SRI Feedback and Precognition - Dependent Remote
Viewing Experiments (U) (SRI Project 1291)
4 13 SRI A Remote Viewing Evaluation Proposal (U)
J 14 SRI Free World Psychoenergetics
Research Survey (U)
15 SRI NIC Techniques (U) (SRI Project 7560)
V 16 SRI Possible Photon Production during a Remote
Viewing Task: A Replication Experiment (U)
( 17 SRI Special Orientation Techniques (U) (SRI Project
8465)
1 18 SRI A Remote Viewing Evaluation Protocol (U) (SRI
Project 4028)
UNCLASSIFIED
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UNCLASSIFIED
DOCUMENT
ORIGINATOR
TITLE
19
SRI
An Automated RV Evaluation Procedure (U) (SRI
Project 7408-12)
20
SRI
A Prototype Analysis System for Special Remote
Viewing Task (U) (SRI Prolect 1291)
21
SRI
A Suggested Remote Viewing Training Procedure
(U) (SRI Project 1291)
22
SRI
An Experiment to Explore Possible Anomalistic
Behavior of a photon Defection System During a
Remote Viewing Test (U) (SRI Project 1291)
23
SRI
Application of Fuzzy Sets to Remote Viewing
Analysis (U) (SRI Project 1291)
24
SRI
Bacterial Mutation Study (U)
(SRI Project 7408-10)
25
SRI
Enhanced Human Performance Investigation (U)
(SRI Project 1291)
26
SRI
Enhanced Human Performance Investi_gation (U)
(SRI Project 1291)
27
SRI
Enhanced Human Performance Investigation (U)
(SRI Project 1291)
28
SRI
Enhanced Human Performance Investigations (U)
(SRI Project 7408)
29
SRI
Feedback and Target Dependencies in Remote
Viewing Experiments (U) (SRI Project 1291)
30
SRI
Forced-Chance Remote Viewing (U)
(SRI Project 1291)
31
SRI
Location of Target Material in Space and Time
(U) (SRI Project 1291)
32
SRI
Neurophysiological Correlates to Remote Viewing
(U) (SRI Project 1291)
33
SRI
PSI Communications Experiments (U)
UNCLASSIFIED
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Copy of).
Proposed Downgrading of
Classified Documents
for Cognitive Sciences Laboratory
Volume 2 of 2 (U)
June 9, 1994
Presented to:
Submitted by:
Edwin C. May, Ph.D.
Science Applications International Corporation
Cognitive Sciences Laboratory
P.O. Box 1412
Menlo Park, CA 94025
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Ser
International
Final Report April 1989
AN APPLICATION ORIENTED REMOTE VIEWING
EXPERIMENT (U)
By:
d For Relsgwzmila3/4. Ako RDP 86 420Z89R003
415 326-6200 ? TWX: 910-373-2046 ? Telex: 334-486
=-'1 Z3___
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L-
cpi
Final Report
Covering the Period 1 May 1988 to April 1989
April 1989
AN APPLICATION ORIENTED REMOTE VIEWING
EXPERIMENT(U)
By:
SRI PROJECT 2740
E
Copy 3 of 3 Copies
This document consists of 56 pages
333 Ravenswood Ave. ? Menlo Park, CA 94025
4ta 326-6200 ? TWX; 910-373-2046 ? Telex: 334-486
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LIST OF FIGURES (U)
1.
Viewer 372: Response To Enclosed Microwave Generator
11
2.
Viewer 372: Response To Details Of The Generator
12
3.
Viewer 373: Plan View Of The Target Area '
13
4.
Viewer 372: Possible Response To The Solar Facility
15
5.
Viewer 372: Response Details To The Solar Facial
16
6.
Viewer 009: Possible Response To The Generator
18
LIST OF TABLES (U)
1.
Universe of Target And Response Elements (U)
8
2.
Figure of Merit (FM) Summary-1
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I OBJECTIVE (U)
The objectives of this experiment were to:
-]Demonstrate the potential of a novel
'collection technique, known as remote viewing,
? Determine the degree to which the technique used to
analyze remote viewing results is applicable.
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II BACKGROUND (U)
) SRI was askedq -Ito participate in an experiment
,conducted during the latter half of August, 1988, att._ TILA LAII-Q-
-
lin New Mexico. The primary objectives were (1) to demonstrate
the remote viewing of
analysis to interpret the data.
A. (U) Remote Viewing
energy vi and (2) to apply fuzzy set
(U) Remote viewing (RV) is an apparent human ability to gain access, by mental means
alone, to information that is secured by shielding, distance, or time.1-5* At least three elements
are necessary to conduct an RV experiment:
(1) An individu4 called a viewer, with RV ability
(2) Specific target material (not available to the viewer at the time of the
experiment)
(3) An analysis technique to determine the degree to which RV occurred
In a typical laboratory protocol, a viewer and a monitor?an interviewer who is also unaware of
the target material?are sequestered at time To. At To + 5 minutes, an assistant selects the
intended target from a large pool of potential targets (e.g., a list of locations within a half-hour
drive from the laboratory) using a random procedure. At To + 30 minutes, the assistant is at the
selected site and, back at the laboratory, the viewing begins. At To + 45 minutes, the viewing
ends and the assistant returns to the laboratory. To provide feedback, the viewer, monitor, and
assistant return to the selected site and review the RV data.
(U) To determine if RV occurred, similar experiments are conducted using a newly
selected target for each trial. Usually, the trials are done with target replacement (i.e., each
target is returned to the pool and may be selected again by the random process).
(U) References may be found at the end of this report.
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B. (U) Fuzzy Set Analysis
(U) Since 1972, SRI has developed many procedures to determine whether information
has been obtained beyond chance expectation.6-8 In the current method,8 the targets and
viewer's responses are described as fuzzy sets of descriptor elements (e.g., presence of water).
The outcome of the RV experiment is measured by a figure of merit, which is related to the
accuracy and reliability of the viewer's description of the target.
When RV is applied 1 pthe analysis
procedures differ considerably. In laboratory experiments, much is known
about the target, but in i /applications, very little target
information is known. Thus, the analysis technique must be modified in
order to assess the "correct" RV response elements before confirming
evidence can be obtained.
L))
'Long-standing difficulties in applying the RV phenomena to
intelligence applications are at least twofold. In a lengthy response,
those elements of genuine 11" significance must be identified a
priori. Second, even excellent examples of remote viewing do not
necessarily imply 1 usefulness. Therefore, RV-derived
data should be used in conjunction with information'obtained
through more conventional channels.
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III APPROACH (U)
(U) SRI conducted a 26-hour RV experiment beginning at 1008 on August 24, 1988.
The viewer provided data in four different work periods: at 1008 and 1500 on August 24, and at
0910 and 1120 on August 25. The details of the experiment are described below.
A. (U) Remote Viewer
SRI selected Viewer V372 to participate in this experiment
becapse of his* 10-year experience as a viewer, and because he produced
good results in the first experiment in this series, conducted in May,
1987.
B. (U) Target Material
The target was a microwave generating device being tested
Included in the target material was the
functional aspect i relationships among e1ements4
the elements themselves.
C. (U) Experiment Protocol
, and
The SRI team was given the, mathe of the experiment, a time
window during which the experiment would be active, and a photograph and
Social Security number of an on-site individutrl. Other than this, all
aspect$ and details of the experiment were withheld from V372 and SRI
personnel.
(U) To keep the identify of the viewer confidential, we refer to the viewer with the
pronouns he and his regardless of the viewer's gender.
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Four sessions were conducted to provide information. The
times and circumstances were as follows:
(1) 2008 August 24 V372 was asked to describe the location and
details of an event in progress. Details about pertinent
personnel were also requested.
(2) 2500 Augut 24 V372 was asked to describe details and
activity at the site demarked by the presence of the
sponsor's on-site representative.
(3) 0910 August 25 V372 was asked to expand upon his
descriptions from the previous day.
(4) 2120 August 25 V372 was asked consolidate the information
from the previous scans and to provide his 'concluding
remarks.
During each session, V372's responses were tape-recorded. He
was encouraged to draw details whenever possible. Drawings are contained
in Appendix 4, and Appendix B contains verbatim transcripts of all four
sessions. (Because of technical difficulties, most of the taped record of
the second session was lost. Since the remaining data are intact and
since the drawings from the remaining viewings are complete, this gap is
not significant.)
After all raw data had been delivered to the sponsor, V372 and
SRI personnel were allowed to visit the target site ifor
feedback.
D. (U) Analysis Technique
r---- As discussed in Section II, quantitative analysis in an
intelligence setting poses problems. Any analysis of remote viewing data
must be accomplished within the context of a mission statement. An
analysis designed only to demonstrate RV is inadequate to enable an
4
-assessment, and mice versa. Under another program,9 SRI
developed a generalized analysis technique that allows for an a priori
mission statement. An overview of that technique follows.
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L (U) Definitions
The most important aspect of RV data analysis is the
definition of both the target and the RV response. For this analysis, all
target and response information is defined as the fuzzy sets T and R,
respectively. Each is described below.
'The target is defined as a fuzzy set of target elements
T[ek,?k,wk]:
? ek is an element of a target. For example, an element
of the microwave generator target might be the concept of
antenna efficiency.
? , ?k is the membership value of element ek. It
represents the degree to which ek is present at the target.
Antenna efficiency, for example, might have a membership
value of 0.6, indicating that antenna efficiency is 60% of
the target material. Determined subjectively, pk is always
a valpe from 0 to I.
? $vic is an arbitrary weighting factor for element ek. This
factor accounts for differing missions by assigning the
importance of elements relative to each other. The
t-energy aspect of the microwave generator is very
flIDDrtant, for example, and might be assigned a weight of 5
when compared with power supplies, which might have a
weight of 0.5.
'The RV response is similarly defined as a fuzzy set of
response elements R[ek,?k,wk). The membership values for response
elements, however, have a somewhat different meaning than those for target
elements. Membership values, p.represent an analyst's-assessment as to
the degree of presence of ekin the response. For declarative statements,
?k- I unless a viewer volunteers a specific or implied importance of ek to
the overall target. A degree of interpretation is allowed for
nondeclarative statements by letting p.k< I. The response weights, wk, are
identical to the target weights.
-- 1We define accuracy as the percent of target material described
correctly by a response. Likewise, we define reliability (of a viewer) as the
percent of a response that is correct. The figure of merit is the product
of the two; to obtain a high figure of merit, a viewer's description of a
target must be largely correct and contain few extraneous images. In
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fuzzy set terminology, these quantities for the jth target/response pair
are as follows:
P96-00789R003200160001-9
and
Zwk(RinT1
Accuracyj = ai ?
Zwk Tbk
wk (Rj n Ti)k
Reliability = r
j J
Zwk Ri.k
Figure of Merit1 =M ?a xr
1
The sum over k is called the sigma count in fuzzy set terminology. The sigma
count is defined as the sum of the membership values, ;J., for the elements
of the response, target, and their intersection?that is, R,, 71 and
(R; n Ti), respectively.
2. (U) Target and Response Data
The universe of target and response elements is drawn from the
August, 1988, experiment. We define three element categories: functions,
relationships, and objects. These categories are weighted 1.0, 0.75, and
0.50, respectively.
(U) Table 1 shows the universe of target and response elements and the formal definition
of T and R. All scans were considered together, rather than scan by scan. The various scaling
weights are shown in parentheses adjacent to the appropriate factors. The relative weights are
derived from SRI's best assessment of the operational utility of each element. The response
membership values, R (?) , were determined from the raw data (see Appendices A and B). The
target membership values, T(?), were determined by SRI personnel during a site visit in
September, 1988. All elements, however, were determined by an SRI analyst post hoc in order
to allow a more accurate assessment of reliability. Elements derived from the response were
taken literally. Those elements having no corresponding element in the target (i.e., T(p.) = 0)
were assigned the average weight of elements present in the target.
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Table 1
(U) UNIVERSE OF TARGET AND RESPONSE ELEMENTS
Element
w
T( p.)
R(p)
Functions (1.0)
High-power microwave production
5
1
0.8
EMI component testing
2
1
0.8
Destructive testing of electronics
2
1
1
Ground focal area
1.73
0
1
Testing a concept?debugging
1
0.3
1
Distributed for catching something evenly
1
1
1
Defensive function
1
1
1
Collecting data for later analysis
0.1
1
1
Relationships (0.75)
Source enclosed in a trailer
5
1
0.7
People away from test site
4
1
1
Targets 1 km from source
3
1
0.5
Energy exit enclosure
3
1
1
Multia6ncy participation
2
1
0
Permanent building connected to temporary one
1.9
0
1
Two spherical mirrors connected together
1.9
0
1
Fibers outside edge
1.9
0
1
Large, semicircular shape with block
1.9
0
1
Multiple support trailers
1
1
0.3
Power generator, 50 m north
1
1
0
30-degree beam divergence
1
1
1
Horn-shape at end of 4x6-cm pipe
1
1
0.8
Inner and outer wrapping
1
0.2
1
Device is of "human" dimensions
0.5
1
1
Airstrip away from mountains
0.25
1
1
111^??????-
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Table 1, Continued
(U) UNIVERSE OF TARGET AND RESPONSE ELEMENTS
Element
1 3 in et er Tr m en cn cn (el m fel cn ci el cv c.4 cl ..y? ?cr et Tr er Tr ?cr Tr .-4 ,-1 ,-i ?-? 1-4 ????I v?-I 1.-4
N N IN NNNNN
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? le) In tr) tan vl 111 111 kfl tal
000000000
T( p.)
R(?)
Objects (0.50)
Microwave generator (tubular 3 m)
1
0.7
Pulsed operation
1
1
Peak power ?200 MW
1
0.8
Extremely short duration
1
1
4 x 6-inch wave guides
1
0.8
Conic horn antenna
1
0.7
Frequency of 1 GHz
1
0
10-Angstrom wavelength
0.05
1
People optimizing device
1
1
Incoherent wave front
0.1
1
Lots of massive coils
1
1
Circuit boards as targets
1
1
Support ,vacuum equipment
1
0.6
Diagnostic E&M hardware
1
0.6
People collecting data
1
1
Magnifichtion
1
1
Cavity
1
1
Double tower with antennae
0
1
Heating metal to vapor
0
1
Like spherical WWII mine
0
1
Buried sensors
0
1
Lots of ovals
0
1
Bunch of polished mirrors
0
1
Spokes from "clam" shape
0
1
Constant mirror tuning
0
1
Power supplies
1
0.6
Electrical/optical cables
1
1
Two-axle, white trailer for source
1
0.3
Optical digitizer
1
0
Tens of people
1
1
Changes of state
0.3
1
Molecular disintegration
0.2
1
Collector fibers
0.1
1
Three-step function in rapid succession
0.3
1
Uses large amount of energy
0.1
1
Capacitor storage
1
1
Tubes carrying fluid
1
1
Lifesaver-like objects
0.2
1
Plasma
0.1
1
Flat desert
1
1
Distant mountains
1
1
Hot
1
1
Dry
1
1
Starburst, lightening discharge
0.1
1
Death ray
0.1
1
Football-field-size area?open ended
0.6
1
Square block
0.1
1
Earthbound experiment
1
1
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IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (U)
Table 2 shows the figure-of-merit analysis for the
experiment using the fuzzy sets defined in Table 1. The target was the
microwave generator, support equipment, and testing environment. The
target-response intersection is shown as IT (IR', and the sigma counts of
the target and response sets are shown as IT' and IRI, respectively. PI
is the number of elements that were identified for each category. All
quantities include the relative weights shown in Table 1.
1?
'The weighted accuracy total of 0.80 (i.e., 80% of the
identifiable; elements at the target site were correctly described by V372)
agrees well with the qualitative correspondence shown in Figures 1 and 2.*
Figure 3 shows V372's drawing of a plan view of the target area, which
appears to match the experimental situation almost exactly. The figures
of merit show that, since the first experiment in this series, V372's
ability to sense functions and objects has increased modestly, and his
ability to sense relationships has increased by a factor of four. The
relatively low value of 0.57 for the combined (weighted by the category
weighting factors) target elements is consistent with the elaborate nature
of 372's response (see the original response in Appendices A and B).
Table 2
FIGURE OF MERIT SUMMARY-i.
Element Type
N
IT nal
ITI
IRI
Acc.
Rel.
M
FUNCTIONS
8
10.00
11.40
12.43
0.88
0.80
0.70
RELATIONSHIPS
16
15.05
21.95
23.45
0.69
0.64
0.44
OBJECTS
48
46.20
56.70
72.92
0.82
0.63
0.52
TOTAL
72
-
-
-
0.80
0.65
0.52
(U) All figures are to be taken as indicators of qualitative correspondence. The drawings and
photographs have been selected to illustrate the correspondence.
to_
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FIGURE 1 VIEWER 372: RESPONSE TO ENCLOSED MICROWAVE GENERATOR
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FIGURE 2 VIEWER 372: RESPONSE TO DETAILS OF THE GENERATOR
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(A)A0E, fitper
eiAM f;17X0...
I\
/ )4
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50.);14isiVirt? ,
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\ FIGURE 3 VIEWER 372: PLAN VIEW OF THE TARGET
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Viewer 372 responded to the primary target with a single
concept that was mostly correct, but with a significant number of
incorrect elements. As can be seen in the response (Figures 1 through 3
and Appendix B), V372 recognized that the device is "some kind of gun"
that emits a high-power, short-duration electromagnetic pulse. This
description, however, is embedded in approximately 30% incorrect material
(i.e., noise).
A persistent problem in 1 RV is the
boundary of the intended target location. The experiment was
7-Ale AotaAse
approximately 15 km south of the main runway at 'Jand 5 km west
of an experimental solar energy collection facility. Also in the area
were electromagnetic pulse evaluation stations with their associated large
antennae. In the formal analysis of this experiment, all data were
considered a response to the intended target.
It is tempting, however, to identify certain elements of
V372's data as? responses to the solar collection facility. Such post hoc
assessment is always risky, but in this case the qualitative
correspondence is quite striking. For example, on page B-7 of the
transcript, V372 recognizes ". . . a bunch of mirrors, some kind of
polished metal mirrors . . ." but is unable to recognize two distinctly
different high-technology areas. This two-fold theme is intermingled
throughout the response. Figures 4 and 5 show the correspondence of some
of these response elements to the nearby solar collection facility.
The access road to the Prancer experiment passes directly
adjacent to the solar facility. During the feedback phase of-the
experiment, V372 and the experiment team were fascinated with this complex
and stopped for a moment on the way to the( lexperimental area. The
degree to which distracting elements (unrelated to the target) affects the
data is a current research topic.
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? GCQAJ FOA'- M.A.
? SPEct Fl c-441 A rD 0477- to "sodIrctilAic "
0 mem ;:kj " rtiwgir.
?FiAeKt9 Or* go4441)
atErt_tOrrEtS.
oki..),q1JDE-cs .
frnrrika-
FIGURE 4 VIEWER 372: POSSIBLE RESPONSE TO THE SOLAR FACILITY
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lagsmeA-ul'e?81ccis.
f
s p
cri. 17.00c
FIGURE 5 VIEWER 372: RESPONSE DETAILS TO THE SOLAR FACILITY
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After SRI personnel had been debriefed about the target, a
second long?term participant, V009, was asked to view the same event. He
was told to provide whatever information he could about an event that had
taken place approximately two weeks earlier. Viewer V009 was told nothing
else about the nature of the target or target event, and he worked without
an RV monitor.
?Since this was an ad hoc test, not intended to be part of the
series, we have not conducted a formal analysis of V009's response.
Qualitatively, however, V009 appeared to do as well as V372, given that he
remained in session, unmonitored, for only 20 minutes. Figure 6 shows one
part of his drawing response that captures V009's theme. Interestingly,
V009 also appeared to be confused by the
material in the immediate area.
was not the intended target.
?
He drew
17
multitude of potential target
an airport and recognized that it
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TO THE GENERATOR
r FIGURE 6 VIEWER 009: POSSIBLE RESPONSE
18
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V CONCLUSIONS (U)
Viewer V372 was asked to use RV to describe the activity of
Project I
'during August 24 and 25, 1988. He described approximately
80% of the identifiable target elements correctly, and 71% of his
responses corresponded with the intended target. Although 29% noise
remains, if this experiment had been an actual activity, the
noise probably would not have been a significant distracting factor.
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REFERENCES (U)
Puthoff, H. E. and Tar., R., "Perceptual Augmentation Techniques (U)," Final Report,
SRI Project 3183, SRI International, Menlo Park, California (December 1975)
2. Puthoff, H. E. and
Kilometer Distances:
IEEE, Vol. 64, No. 3
Puthoff, H. E., et al.,
Project 5309, SRI
Jahn, R. G., "The
Perspective," Pro cee
UNCLASSIFIED
5. Puthoff, H. E., "RV
Project 4028-1, S
6. May, E. C., "A Rem
Project 4028, SRI Int
7. May, E. C., Humph
Procedure (U)," Fin
California (May 1985
May, E. C., Humph
Free-Response Mat
Parapsychological As
(August 1985) UNC
9. Humphrey, B. S., T
Evaluation Techniqu
International, Menlo
arg, R., "A Perceptual Channel for Information Transfer Over
istorical Perspective and Recent Research," Proceedings of the
(March 1976) RJNCLASSIFIED.
Advanced Threat Technique Assessment (U)," Final Report, SRI
International, Menlo Park, California (October 1978)
Persistent Paradox of Psychic Phenomena: An Engineering
ings of the IEEE, Vol. 70, No. 2, pp. 136-170 (1982).
eliability, Enhancement, and Evaluation (U)," Final Report, SRI
I International, Menlo Park, California (January 1984)
te Viewing Evaluation Protocol (U)," Final Report (revised), SRI
rnational, Menlo Park, California (July 1983)1
ey, B. S., and Puthoff, H. E., "An Automated RV Evaluation
I Report, SRI Project 7408, SRI International, Menlo Park,
ey, B. S., and Mathews, C., "A Figure of Merit Analysis for
nal," Proceedings of the 28th Annual Convention of the
ociation, pp. 343-354, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
ASSIFIED.
ask, V. V., May, E. C., and Thomson M. J., "Remote Viewing
s (U)," Final Report?Objective A, Task-4, SRI Project 1291, SRI
Park, California (December 1986) 1
20
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Final Report April 1988
AN APPLICATION ORIENTED REMOTE VIEWING
EXPERIMENT (U)
J
Th
333 Ravenswood Ave. ? Menlo Park, CA 94025
roved For t4iai6a66Whi96 .373-2046 ? Telex: 334-486
. CIA-RDP96-00789R00
212.01.60001a
Vi 1 D 01- 3
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Final Report
Covering the Period 1 May 1987 to April 1988
AN APPLICATION ORIENTED REMOTE VIEWING
EXPERIMENT (U)
SRI Project 8339
April 19Z
Copy 6 of 6 Copies.
This document consists of 55 pages.
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LIST OF FIGURES (U)
1.
(u)
Baylands Nature Interpretive Center, with RV Response
5
2.
(U)
Part of the 0800 Response Compared with Photograph of the Altamont
14
Wind?Power Electric Generator Farm
3.
(U)
Part of the 0800 Response Compared With the West Gate of LLNL
15
4.
(U)
Part of the 0800 Response Compared with a Map of the Livermore Area
16
LIST OF TABLES (U)
1.
(U)
Universe of Target/Response Elements
10
2.
Figure of Merit (FM) Summary--1
13
iv
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I OBJECTIVE (U)
0 2The
objectives of this experiment were to:
? Demonstrate the potential of a novel 1-collection
technique, known as remote viewingi
? Determine the degree to which a specific analysis technique
is applicable.
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II BACKGROUND (U)
(U) Since 1972, SRI International has been investigating remote viewing (RV)--an
apparent human ability to gain access, by mental means alone, to information that is secured by
shielding, distance, or time.1-5* At least three elements are necessary to conduct an RV
experiment:
(1) An individual, called a viewer, with an RV ability,
(2) Specific target material (not available to the viewer at the time of the
experiment), and
(3) An analysis technique to determine the degree to which RV occurred.
In a typical protocol', a viewer and a monitor--an interviewer who is also unaware of the target
material--are sequestered at time To. At To + 5 minutes, an assistant selects the intended target
by accessing a large pool of potential targets (e.g., a list of locations within a half-hour drive from
the laboratory) using a random procedure. At To + 30 minutes, the assistant is positioned at the
selected site and, back at the laboratory, the viewing begins. At To + 45 minutes, the viewing
ends and the assistant returns to the laboratory. To provide feedback, the viewer, monitor, and
the assistant, return to the selected site and review the RV data.
(U) To determine if RV occurred, a number of similar experiments are conducted using a
newly selected target for each trial. Usually, the trials are done with target replacement (i.e.,
each target is returned to the pool and may be selected again by the random process). Since
1972, many procedures have been developed to determine whether information has been
obtained beyond chance expectation." In the current method,9 the targets and responses are
described as fuzzy sets of descriptor elements (e.g., water is present). An RV figure of merit is
related to the normalized intersection of the target set and the response set.
1.0
When RV is applied -1! the analysis
procedures vary considerably. In laboratory experiments, much is known
about the target, but in 1 applications very little target
information is known. Thus, the analysis technique must be modified in
(U) References may be found at the end of this report.
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order to assess the "correct" RV response elements before confirming
evidence can be obtained.
4)
1 We were asked(' .to participate in an experiment
conducted during May, 198711 of Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory -'using the advanced test accelerator (ATA). The primary
objectives were
of
the data.
to demonstrate, remote viewingk
and to apply fuzzy set technology in the analysis
SRI's activity occurred over a 24-hour period beginning at
0800 on May 7, 1987.
3
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III METHOD OF APPROACH (U)
(U) SRI conducted a 27?hour RV experiment beginning at 0800 on May 7, 1987. The
viewer provided data in four different work periods spaced at 8?hour intervals. The details of
the experiment are described below.
A. (U) Selection of a Remote Viewer
SRI selected Viewer V372 to participate in this experiment
because of his/her 10-year experience as a viewer. In 1979, V372 was
calibrated at SRI as part of a "technology" transfer investigation and
found to possess an RV ability. 10 Since then, V372 has participated in
approximately 3o0i: RVs. Since SRI does not have access to most
of those data, we conducted a second calibration series, as part of
another program, during FY 1986.
In the 1986 calibration series, the target material was
/sites within a half-hour drive from SRI. A protocol was used
that was similar to the one described above, and a total of 12 RV sessions
were conducted over two weeks. Remote viewing results of the series were
found to be statistically significant and Figure 1 shows one of the three
most successful sessions. It is beyond the scope of this report to
describe this calibration series in detail, but the two-other .successful
responses were of the same quality as shown in Figure 1.
B. (U) Target Material
- The primary target was the ATA facility4 71 In
particular, the accelerator itself was targeted during operation with an
external beam.
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We have also identified targets of lesser interest in the
environment. We have designated a wind-power electric generator farm at
Altamont Pass but adjacent tot as a secondary target, and the
main complex, which is farther away geographically but is
functionally associated withL as a tertiary target.
1,,4sL 4tki-50- cuuiz..)
The intent of this RV experiment was to obtain as much
information as possible about the target environment in general and ATA
external beam operation in particular.
C. (U) Experiment Protocol
Viewer 372 and a viewing monitor were aware that the target
materiAl was ofl significance and was located within the
greater San Francisco Bay area. They were told that an individual 1
____--......oltdescribed by name and Social Security numbell
was in the target area during the viewing sessions, and that two members
of the SRI stat (known to V372 and the monitor) would serve as a "beacon"
and would be at the specific target of interest between 2200 hours on May
7 and 0800 hours on May 8, 1987. (The purpose of the "beacon" person is
to define the target area. Our past experience has shown that viewers
rarely describe the experiences of the "beacon.") Other than this, all
aspects and details of the experiment were withheld from V372 and the
monitor.
?The San Francisco Bay Area is rich in
target possibilities. For example, there are many aerospace companies,
semiconductor manufacturing facilities, particle accelerators (e.g.,
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory complex, Stanford Linear Accelerator), radar
installations, military air fields, and Naval bases. _TWXumtofelt
that to have the viewer know that the target was oft interest
and was in the greater Bay Area would not compromise the experiment.
Four sessions were conducted to provide information at
approximately 8-hour intervals during May 7, 1987. The time and
circumstances are as follows:
(1) 0800 May 7--V372 was asked to describe the geographical
area, and the gestalt of the area of interest. He/she was
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also asked to provide as much detail as possible in real
time (i.e., at 0835), and was targeted upon the sponsor's
on-site representative. At this time, the representative
was sleeping (approximately 2 miles fromf? ,after having
been awake the entire previous night. ftettIO
(2) 1010 May 7--V372 was asked to describe details and activity
at the site designated by the sponsor's on-site
representative as of 0000 hours May 7 (the previous night).
(3) 1600 May 7--V372 was asked to describe details and activity
in real time at the site designated by the sponsor's on-site
representative. At this time, this individual was eating
dinner (approximately 2 miles from t-
(4) 2400 May 7--V372 was asked to describe details and activity
at the site designated by two SRI personnel in real time.
IDuring each session, V372's responses were tape recorded and
he/she was encouraged to draw details whenever possible. Drawings are
contained in gppendix A, and Appendix B contains verbatim transcripts of
the last two sessions and portions of the first two. (Because of
technical difficulties, most of the taped record of the first two viewings
was lost. Since the remaining data are intact and since the drawings from
the first two viewings are complete, this gap is not significant.)
D. (U) Analysis Technique
As discussed in Section II, quantitative analysis
_ poses problems. Any analysis of remote viewing data
must be accomplished within the context of a mission statement: A system
that is designed to demonstrate remote viewing is inadequate to enable an
assessment and vice versa. A generalized analysis system that
allows for a defined a priori mission statement has been developed under
another program,9and a brief overview of it follows.
1. (U) Definitions
4,The most important aspect of any RV data analysis is
the definition of the target and the RV response. For this experiment,
the target is defined as a fuzzy set of target elements T[ek,?k,wk]. The
kth element, ek, in the set is defined by its membership value, Ilk, on the
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4--
closed interval [0,1]. The Ak always represents the degree to which ekis
present at the target. For example, suppose that the target is the ATA
facility, and the target element under consideration is the concept of
"testing shielding effectiveness." Its membership value, which is
1
detrmined subjectively, is 0.2 indicating that only 20% of that concept
app ies to this target. To allow for differing missions, wkis an
1
arb trary weighting factor. AA .simulation requires that
certain elements be more important than others. For example, the
V------ -energy aspect is very important and is assigned a weight of 5
compared to a cooling tower with a weight of 0.5.
)
I The RV response is similarly defined as a fuzzy set
of response elements R[ek,p,wk]. The membership values for response
ele4nts, however, have a somewhat different meaning than those for target
eleMents. Th d prepresent the analyst's assessment as to the degree of
preSence (on the closed interval [0,1]) of ekin the response. For
declarative statements, Ak= 1 unless V372 volunteers a specific or implied
importance to the overall target. A degree of interpretation is allowed
for non-declarative statements by letting Ak< 1. The response Wk are
identical to the target wk. For the purpose of analysis, all target and
response information is defined as the fuzzy sets T and R, respectively.
'We have defined Accuracy as the percent of the target
material that was described correctly by a response. Likewise, we have
defined Reliabildty (of the viewer) as the percent of the response that was
correct. The FM is the product of the two; to obtain a high FM, a viewer
has to describe a large portion of the target material correctly in as
parsimonious a way as possible. In fuzzy set terminology, these
quantities for the jth target/response pair are as follows:
8
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0
and
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Accuracy1 = a1 -
Reliability = r -
(Rj Ti)k
Wk rri.k
EWIL(ROn17)k
E Wk Rj.k
Figure of Merit -M =a1 xr .
The sum over k is called the sigma count in fuzzy set terminology, and is
defined as the ,sum of the membership values, ji, for the elements of the
response, target, or their intersection--i.e., Rh TL and (R,111)) ,
respectively.
2. (U) Target and Response Data
,The universe of target/response elements are drawn
from the May 7, 1987, ATA experiment. We have defined three element
categories; functions, relationships, and objects. These categories are
used to guide the weighting factors (i.e., the default weights are 1.0,
0.50, and 0.25, respectively), and are used as multipliers of the relative
weights to form the wk.
(U) With such a complex response, a number of options are available for
analysis. Rather than analyzing the data scan by scan, all scans were considered together to
provide the response input to the universe of elements.
(U) Table 1 shows the universe of target/response elements and the formal
definition of T and R. The various scaling weights are shown in parentheses adjacent to the
appropriate factors. The relative weights are derived from SRI's best assessment of the
operational utility of each element. The response membership values, R(p.), were determined
from the raw data (see Appendices A and B). The target membership values T(?), were
determined by SRI personnel prior to the start of the experiment. A few elements, however,
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(U)
were determined by an SRI analyst on a post hoc basis in order to allow for a more accurate
assessment of reliability.
Table 1
(U) UNIVERSE OF TARGET/RESPONSE ELEMENTS
)
Element
w
T( p..)
R(?)
PRIMARY ELEMENTS (1.0)
Functions (1.0)
_ "t! energy
5
1
0.9
Electron accelerator
3
1
1
I Operaticm in air
3
1
1
Test experiment
2
1
1
High intensity electron beam production
2
1
1
Problem related to vacuum/air
2
1
1
Destructive beam that dissipates quickly in air
1
1
1
Beam ionizes air
1
1
0.6
Two experiments: one local, one not
1
1
1
Calibration exercises
1
1
0.4
Testing penetration power in air
0.5
0.8
1
Emulation for a much larger scale device
0.5
0.5
1
Ultimate aim is to destroy missile parts
0.5
0.5
1
Testing shielding effectiveness
0.5
0.2
1
Electronics survivability testing
1
0
1
Testing new form of laser
1
0
1
Operation in space
1
0
1
Satellite detection is difficult
1
0
1
Nuclear production of electrons to excite new laser
1
0
1
Output results from nuclear process
1
0
1
Controlled explosion
1
0
1
Laser output in microwave
1
0
1
Relationships (0.75)
Power source above beam line
0.75
1
0
Linear array of buildings
0.75
1
0.1
Tunnel under buildings
0.75
1
0.5
One-story buildings
0.75
1
0.3
Curvilinear beam line
0.75
1
0.2
Electrons flow through beam line
0.75
1
0.7
Test equipment both sides of target building
0.75
0.5
1
E&M radiation < 10 Angstroms
0.75
0.1
1
Ignition at core of sphere
0.75
0
1
Energy radiates out and is reflected back into sphere
0.75
0
1
15-foot diameter sphere
0.75
0
1
Pipes into and out of sphere
0.75
0
1
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Table 1, Continued
(U) UNIVERSE OF TARGET/RESPONSE ELEMENTS
Element
w
T( p.)
R(?)
PRIMARY ELEMENTS (1.0), continued
Objects (0.5)
External electron beam
2.5
1
0
Very dangerous to humans
2.5
1
1
Atmosphere "glows" when operating
2.5
1
1
Multiple teams of people
2
1
1
E&M radiation
1
1
1
High security area
1
1
1
Beam visible in air
1
1
1
Electron injector
1
1
0.5
Tunnel
1
1
1
Electric power
0.5
1
1
Control room
0.5
1
0
Monitoring equipment
0.5
1
1
Piping ?'
0.5
1
0.7
Vacuum
0.5
1
1
ATA facility (buildings)
0.5
1
0.4
Shielding
0.5
1
1
Power substation
0.5
1
0.2
Cooling towers
0.5
1
0
Massive door
0.5
1
0
External piping
0.5
1
0
Laser
0.5
1
1
Control computer
0.5
1
0.9
Electron beam
0.5
1
1
Timing is critical
0.5
1
1
Hard target
0.5
0.4
1
Loud noise
0.5
0.3
1
Wave guide
0.5
0.2
1
Free electron laser (not operating)
0.3
1
0.2
Coherent wave
0.3
0.3
1
Roads
01
-.1
1
Two events
0.1
0.5
1
Film presentation
0.1
0.1
0.5
Hollow polished (internal) sphere
0.5
0
1
Bundled metal rods
0.5
0
1
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Table 1, Continued
(U) UNIVERSE OF TARGET/RESPONSE ELEMENTS
Element
w
T( ?)
R(?)
SECONDARY
Functions
ELEMENTS (0.50)
(1.0)
Wind-power electricity generation
2.5
1
0.9
Relationships (0.75)
Poles scattered in hills
0.75
1
1
'Poles connected in a grid
1.13
1
1
Objects (0.5)
1Foothills
0.25
1
1
Electrical grid
0.25
1
1
Rotating blades
0.25
1
0.8
'Multiple wind generators
0.25
1
1
TERTIARY, ELEMENTS (0.25)
Functions (1.0)
1 Multipurpose laboratory complex
1.3
1
0.8
Six-story administration building
1
1
1
Relationships (0.75)
T-shaped, six-story building
0.6
1
1
Round-topped building just east of tall building
0.2
1
0.4
Swimming pool north and east of tall building
0.2
1
0
Large parking lot just west of tall building
0.2
1
1
Linear array of trees adjacent to parking lot
0.2
1
1
Larage, segmented, one-story building complex 0.5
mile north of tall building
0.2
1
0.2
Main roads bordering complex
0.2
1
1
1 City to west of complex
0.2
1
1
Main entrance at west of complex
0.2
1
0.7
Laboratory is two miles from city -
0.2 -
1 ?
1
City is north of laboratory
0.2
0.5
1
Air field is southeast of laboratory
0.2
1
0.6
Mountains surround laboratory
0.2
0.6
1
Freeway is north of laboratory
0.2
1
1
Objects (0.5)
Tall building
0.3
1
1
Parking lot
0.1
1
1
Linear array of trees
0.1
1
1
Road
0.1
1
1
Many buildings
0. 1
1
1
Main entrance
0.1
1
1
Building with cylindrical shaped roof
0.1
1
0.4
Air field
0.1
1
1
Flat valley
0.05
1
1
Mountains
0.05
1
1
Large mountain
0.1
0
1
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IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (U)
Table 2 shows the figure of merit analysis for the ATA
experiment using the fuzzy sets defined in Table 1. The target/response
intersection is shown as prnRI, and the sigma-count of the target and
response sets are shown as ITI and IRI, respectively. All quantities
include the full weights shown in Table 1. The primary target was the ATA
external electron beam experiment. The secondary target was the adjacent
wind-power generation farm, and the tertiary target was the
laboratory complex and surrounding area. Viewed as separate targets, the
figures of merit of 0.94 and 0.81 for the wind-power farm and theL 4[0640-46---/Li
complex respectively are in good agreement with the qualitative
correspondence shown in Figures 2 and 3. Figure 4 shows additigpal-data
on the tertiary target viewing compared to a map of the area. hese
figures represent data obtained during the 0800 scan and are consistent
with the tasking and location of the beacon person (see page 6). The
relatively lower value of 0.56 for the primary target is also consistent
for the "scattered" nature of the response (see the original transcript in
Appendix B). The combined value of 0.61 reflects the weighting factor in
favor of the primary target.
Table 2
(S/NF) FIGURE OF MERIT (FM) SUMMARY-4*
Target Type
IT fl RI
IT'
IRI
Acc.
Rel.
FM
PRIMARY
Function
20.50
22.00
29.50
0.93
0.69
0.65
Relation
1.80
4.95
5.85
0.36
0.31
0.11
Object
16.86
23.00
19.21
0.73
0.88
0.64
Total
39.16
49.95
54.56
0.78
0.72
0.56
SECONDARY Total
5.08
5.08
5.38
0.94
1.00
0.94
TERTIARY Total
5.48
6.42
5.76
0.85
0.95
0.81
TOTAL
49.72
61.45
65.70
0.81
0.76
0.61
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CPYRGHT
farriiiuyArices)
to1001.1.1 ON'
ste.
51Propi!
oc..e4
1.D. 372
tikoi;ISPirriie;i1
004.1 LeOPMat.
IN FOIRM Of GRIP NNOSK.
/or 0 iito
Vie dr'
FIGURE 2 (U) PART OF THE 0800 RESPONSE COMPARED WITH PHOTOGRAPH OF THE
ALTAMONT WIND-POWER ELECTRIC GENERATION FARM
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NWT Ait 4ig4haf0.
ofitc
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Viewer 372 responded with a single concept to the primary
target that was incorrect; it contained, however, many individual elements
that were correct. One aspect of RV responses that has been a recurring
theme is that a surprise element (to the viewer) frequently indicates
correct information about the site. In this experiment, the following
sentence is embedded in a lot of incorrect data (see page B-18 of the 2400
scan in the transcript, Appendix 13):
"What I keep wanting to do, is I keep wanting to put the
whole thing into an apparatus that captures electrons and
accelerates them."
This sentence appears in a general discussion of a "Star Trek" phaser
system initiated by controlled nuclear explosions, and represents a
significant cognitive surprise. It is important to determine whether or
not this typ'e of linguistic surprise might serve as a reliability
indicator. :
Long-standing difficulties in applying the RV phenomena to
applications are at least twofold. In a lengthy response,
those elements of genuine I 'significance must be identified a
priori. Second, even excellent examples of remote viewing do not
necessarily imply usefulness. As an example of the latter,
consider the response to the Altamont pass wind-power generation farm. It
is an excellent example of remote viewing, but it is not of
value.
kIn summary, V372's response to the ATA experiment has mixed
results. Even though there are excellent examples of remote viewing, the
value is mixed. It does not appear to be the case that V372
simply responded with everything he/she knows about technical material.
This viewer has been involved with all kinds of technical activity in past
careers. Yet, hidden among a significant amount of incorrect data, lies a
nearly complete description of the external electron beam and details of
the ATA experiment of May 7, 1987.
17
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APPENDIX B (U)
Remote Viewing Response (Transcript)
May 1987
(This Appendix is
B-1
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M:
SESSION 1, 8:35 a.m. (U)
May, 1987 (U)
L711 iJust to reiterate what was said earlier, we do have extensive
p otos and information about the site currently locked up in the
COTR's safe. The name of the person who is acting as a beacon at this
point in time is XXXXXX. He is a Physicist. He is on the site and he
has been there since 8:00 this morning and will be there for a period
of time. This first session is a real time session. We are going to
be doing 4 total sessions. We will be doing one at 4:00 this
afternoon and one at midnight. Between now and 4:00 this afternoon
there will be another one that will be a retrocognitive one to
midnight of last night.
(S/NF) :Npw, to start off, we are first of all interested in the
geographical area, we are interested in the gestalt of the area, what
is the area like. We are interested in the manmade sorts of things in
the area. And then we are going to focus in on items of interest in
as much detail as possible. What's the function of the place and
what's happening. And, what is the difference between what's
happening now and what's happening later. That will be kind of a
summary thing we'll do at midnight tonight. But generally anything of
specific interest at this particular point in time in terms of the
activity
This time?
M: 1Right now. Yep.
10K, what
M: So anytime you're ready to start, why...are there any other
questions?
No. What I'm gonna do is
114: 1Just prepare yourself, cause I know you had a rough night.
So, what I'm gonna do is, I'm gonna probably sketch everything
lightly in pencil.
M: I OK.
An then I will ink it in afterwords.
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M: 70K.
(Because I do more accurate drawing in pencil than I do in ink.
M: OK, let me get you a pencil then.
I have one.
M: Oh, OK. (They both speak at once here and it is garbled.) We
gotta be precise in our detail here. So we can take as long as we
want, there is no time limit on what we're doing. But we will try to
bring some closure to each one of the four sessions.
I OK. Some kind of a general layout here, I guess. This is a
very light pencil. I brought a Stephen King book if you get bored.
We'll start with something real dynamic like a line that we'll call a
road. Uh, that doesn't feel right. You got an eraser somewhere? (M
get eraser.) Thanks. A road, parking area, building. There seems to
be, uh, there seems to be, is that running?
M:
Um, hum.
) Thre seems to be, um, a whole lot more buildings than I'm
drawing. But what I'm trying to do, is I'm trying to draw buildings
that are meaningful.
MH
V:
M:
Um, hum.
Versus buildings that are useless. By useless I mean that
there is probably a million buildings here which have a desk and
typical...this office, that office type of arrangement. (Could not
make out what he said after this.)
that
LI So, do you mean that what you're drawing here are buildings
are important to the function that we're after here?
cExactly.
M: OK.
And, uh, in trying to do this, I'm trying to put it in...(tape
cuts out - it's about 99 on the counter)
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V:
ci
SESSION 2, 10:10 a.m. (U)
May, 1987 (U)
, OK, it's about 10 minutes after, 12 minutes after 10.
I Right.
M: ) May 7. And what we're about to do now is the
retrocog...retrocognition part of the outbound experiment that we're
working on, and that involves going back to 12:00 last night,
midnight, May 6 and giving a description of what was happening at this
site at that time that is of special interest to us during this
targetipg period.
Nor: PK. There's a really distinct different feeling, uh, in the
initial session we were targeting the general layout onto the (tape
cuts out here, in 30's on counter)
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SESSION 3, 4:00 p.m. (U)
May 7, 1987 (U)
A4: 7 So, disregard what you did this morning, in terms of trying to
add to it
)OK.
A4: And focus on the activity and what expands out from that.
) OK.
A4: Allright.
) (Lots of silence) Hmmmmm. Getting an impression of, uh,
reallS; lOud, loud noise like a like a bull-horn on a intercom-type of
speaker system. Somebody's talking through it. There's an and that
uh, there's an echo like its in a large day type of area. There is
uh...uh...I'm trying to think of a way of describing this perception.
I'm looking at a very long box. Uh, square tube box, uh, it's uh, let
me think about this a minute It's really an interesting thing - I
can't, uh, I can't quite fasten it to anything. It's kind of like a.
It doesn't start out straight - it starts out funny, ah, weird, it
starts out - it's got a joint system and then it goes straight...it
does something like this. But this, there's something wrong with
this. I feel like I'm trying to describe in detail something that's
very esoteric. It's, uh, it's, this thing's squared - it has squared
corners and edges and what not.
M:
V:
M:
V:
M:
Um-hum.
2 Uh, very much like a wave guide-type of thing.
) Um-hum.
7, And, it has something flowing through it.
I see.
4 je,DThat's something flowing through it that's, uh, not a very
lengthy wave form. It's like a very short wave form. It's guided
through this thing and it, and it, comes down at the end of this thing
and washes across like a row of, like, uh, I want to say that there's
a spiral at the end like. And there's like a row of, of things
sticking out at the end of this spiral. They, they're densely packed.
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M:
V:
M:
V:
M:
V:
And they're like thick wire - real thick wire - only they're not wire.
It's, it's some kind of like special alloy or special metal or special
something. They're fixed but they're bunched. And they're all
generally pointing in the same direction and, uh, this stuff comes
down and washes around or over and through this. And when it hits the
tips of these things, it, uh, it does the same thing that a laser
does. It excites, it excites these, these metal rods. But they
don't, uh, it's not like glass tubes in a laser - these are not like
gas-filled tubes or have the big thing that blows stuff in and sucks
things out, you know, the gas exchange where you're exciting a whole
bunch of, uh, electrons or something like that...
Yeah.
But these are like electrons coming down this, this tube and
they they're washing across this little batch of wire.
1
It's a particle beam in other words of some sort.
1, . 1.1 Yeah. But that's not correct - it's more I wouldn't call it a
particle beam - it's, it's, these rods are then emitting a really
short wave-type of output. A really short wave thing. A we're
talking a wave form that, that it is super, super short.
-3 Um-hum.
Uh, it's a ray, OK, some kind of a ray. But it's a real short
'wave. Shorter wave than a microwave. A microwave is pretty short
short wave. This is shorter. I don't even know what microwave is.
Microwave is (couldn't get word here). I can't remember - this is
even shorter, this is real short wave stuff. We're talking about, I
don't know in angstroms, we're talking something less than 10
angstroms. Which is real short. That would be less than, less than
10 angstroms probably. Anyway, it bunches together and what happens
is you get this, this coherency coming out the end, this coherent wave
front, if you will, and it actually, it actually, uh, I get the
feeling like this is a inside of a tube.
M: I OK.
This whole thing is compressed inside of a tube. And the tube
A.s a vacuum or as near a vacuum as you can get. And it extends
H3utward to, uh, to a target place.
,r-
M: Do you have any feeling for scale on that?
Large.
M:
Room size, or bigger?
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No, but the tube is probably something on the order of, uh,
uh, I'll say 3 feet in diameter. It's really interesting because I, I
see the tube there but then sometimes I don't see the tube. I see it
operating in an aeroplace space and then I sometimes see it operating
in air which is real interesting. What happens when it operates in
air is the air molecules actually burn up. It super heats the air
molecules, they actually self-destruct or excite themselves out of the
way or something.
\Urn-hum.
And, and I get the feeling that I, you can actually see it
with your eyes. This ray, when this thing comes out in air molecules.
It's like it doesn't shoot out of the end in a race along to the
target it's like the whole thing past the ray slowly comes in the
beam. It's like it appears, you know, this entire length of it here
appears like its super heating the air molecules that it's going
through to the point that they actually white-out in some way.
114: "D Um-hum.
) And down on the other end is the target and, uh, I'm trying to
determine what that target thing is. I'm gonna do a better picture on
page two.
114: ) OK.
(
I see this in a vacuum sometimes, and I see it also going
tnrough specialized gases like, like they're testing to see its
penetration power through different gaseous mixtures ah different
mixtures of oxygen or atmosphere or something. And, uh, I also get, I
get the feeling like the target's hard - it, it's like of a hard
target. And, and, by that I mean like metal - it's a metallic target,
uh, varying degrees of thickness, shielding, and, uh, parts of the
target being tested are covered with solid state electronics, chip
electronics, uh, it's like pointing it at your home computers to see
if you could burn your home computer up and then putting your home
computer at a varying or differing modalities of shielding to see what
effect it has on its capacity to operate. Um, I, I get the feeling
like this is really, this thing is really hazardous to human life.
M:
) Um.
mean I wouldn't stand in front of this sucker. This is,
this is really I mean, it will really damage a hard target, but it
ain't nothing like it will do to the human body, I mean, it will just
cook, it will just vaporize the human body so to speak. Soft targets
wouldn't be instant inferno in front of it. It actually boils the air
molecules in front of it. Uh, but that's not exactly right, it's like
they all boil simultaneously, all the way down the line.
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M: ') Um-hum.
It's like these, it's such, this 10 or less Angstroms of wave
4ront-are so - the wave and frequency is so small that, uh, the, uh,
air molecules get in the way simply because they are getting sighted
by it. So it turns the air molecules into a frothing mass. And it
has to do with, uh, the real main function we're talking about here is
these, these metallic - I keep wanting to say metallic - I guess maybe
because they've got so much oxide in them. They're like, they're like
meant to be destroyed by this thing. When electrons hit these, these
thick wires, this mass of material, what happens is this mass of
material, uh, lases out or puts out this coherent wave front, and, it
only does it for just so long and then it, it burns up - it's no good
anymore - or it's, uh, it, it does something to it, um, its like a
cluster of wires. This mass of oxide material all held together but
they're, but they're drawn out and in straighter fibers like. I think
that's to give direction to the wave, the coherent wave fronts or
something - it's a huge mass of electrons that's forced across the,
this - I wanta say electrons, anyway I don't what the hell is. And I
go back up this line and I, I can't help but go back to that, you
know, that circular sphere which is...
/-
M: -1 Yeah.
V: L. .) ...in the other building. But, I'm getting a real interesting
picture of this other sphere, uh,
M:
V:
M:
V:
I know. This is, this is another building...somehow....
:Yeah. This is in, we're now in C building...
' Oh, that's in C building.
This is in C building here. This, if I remember
right...somewhere between here and here is the wall of C building,
right, I'm not sure if that's not in B building and the tube extends
through that connector piece in the C building and_C building is
predominantly the target building - where the target's contained or
held.
M: 2 Uh-huh.
V: L But you know all the test equipment is set up on both sides of
the target building. This is, I'm getting a real interesting
perception of this now. It's one I didn't have earlier.
NI: c. ?OK. Let's do something that's changed, or, or...
Essentially what it amounts to is I'm seeing a circle, you
know, and inside the circle - I wish I could draw this, ha, uh, inside
the circle the circle's split like, uh, into all these different
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M: 1 -7 So this is kind of a production phase and its routed through
here and here...
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)2 Generates this ray, this, uh, yeah, yeah.
I see, OK.
y And, uh, uh, this, it takes these megalithic lasers to light
this.
Um-hum.
, For this to cause this.
A4: ,Um-hum.
: And the output of this sucker right here is quite destructive
--
in terms of its wave front, uh, but this thing rapidly loses, uh,
strength over distance because of the air molecules and but for test
purposes, uh, that's it, I just said a key thing. This is a testing
apparatus:for the concept perhaps.
A4: ij Um-hum.
V:
L., In other words, somehow, uh, this is emulating the process
that would be done in a, in a more large way. In a huge way, uh, this
is like a little example of something, uh, I'm trying, I'm trying to
figure out what the - as best I can figure on a hard target what
they're trying to do is they're to effect, actually physically destroy
this hard target. And what we're talking in hardened that it's
heavily shielded, the solid state electronics of this target are
heavily shielded, protected, uh, what's interesting there's, god, this
is really neat because this unfolding - there's a twofold, there's a
twofold thing about - I wanta write something else down before I
forget it - this is uh, test vehicle for cdncept. In the hard target
there's a twofold fall out from this, one is, you find out can a hard
target be destroyed, or at least made dysfunctional, but b, you find
out can you build a hard target that can't be dysfunctional, made
dysfunctional. So it's like you get a twofold benefit out of this -
testing this thing.
;7.] Sounds like it could be a competitive process - one team
working on trying to make it invincible and one working on attempting
to penetrate it.
L :1It's like exactly right, you've got, you've got, well, you've
got a whole number of different things here. You've got this machine
which we'll call A machine, uh, producing larger amounts of power.
Then you've got a B problem which is stripping off the power for use
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in a new way of lasing we'll call it. Then you've got this machine
which is a whole new form of luminous laser. I'm not sure laser's
right. There's a different word. Phaser, phaser. That's what they
use on Star Trek.
Ha! Then it was something more advanced than a laser.
L., Yeah, it's like next generation. It's a phaser beam. And
it's very possible that it might be in a microwave region because
microwave keeps popping in my mind, but I don't think so.
he1: -3Um-hum.
Uh, I think we don't need all of this to do the kinds of
outputs in the microwave region that we could do to create this
effect. Uh, I think microwave is, uh, the problem with microwave is
there is no way to generate a coherent microwave front but then I
Might be wrong about that. But I think this is a different kind of
wave. This is really a coherent wave. And the key here in part C of
the problem is these little metallic rods or wires or whatever use
this bundle of stuff is - that's the key to it. And, uh, I look at
this and I, 'this concept down here and I get an impression of, I just
want to put a big thing like this that says "Focus here." Which is
real interesting like this is deliberately controlled nuclear
explosion and you focus it all right here. That's a wave front I keep
wanting to draw esoterically - I don't know how to draw it
Mechanically.
M: 10K.
1 I say to myself it's impossible to do that but then...
/A: 1Well, when you say esoterically what do you mean by that?
1 Meaning that, uh, I think, I think the concept's really down,
t-think in terms of, of what's going on here in the event. The
concept's really ironed out. I think where there's a problem is - the
timing. Let me write that down.
-)Yeah.
..tjTiming is, uh, is critical. And in the time that they're
having a real problem with the timing because element A, well
'subsequent to that - there is some other thing back here called lasers
which we'll call 1-A. The 1-A ignites A. A is actually destroying C
in some way - eating it up. This - outside this bottle or this
control mechanism this mirrored sphere, uh, A couldn't happen. It
couldn't happen and if it did it would be out of control. And in the
event when it does happen inside this control sphere, it's, uh,
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providing sufficient excitation to see, to test the concept. But it
isn't full blown. As much as, I mean, we're talking a really complex
thing that probably took years and years and years and years to build,
but it's only a test vehicle for the reality of the concept. The real
concept is ten fold removed in terms of complexity or difficulty from
this. It all has to do with timing. Because in the real concept
what's happening in A, this little bitty fire here, we're talking
about increasing that on a magnitude of 10-12 which is really up
there, which means that there isn't a container that's gonna hold it,
and I don't know how they're gonna do that which is real interesting.
But you can see the megalithic increase in the output...
T)Sure.
...up here through this, this, these key elements. If they
were increased, if this is, we're talking billions and billions of
lots of power going to this test vehicle, and you can imagine what a
ten fold increase in power to the output of this thing would be, I
mean, just...unbelievably destructive. That essentially what I'm
getting:
,
/14: OK.
What's interesting is I - I think all the elements of this are
being tested, that's what's going on right now. They're not firing it
up, they're testing all the elements.
A4:
r- j I see.
Everything's being fine tuned and calibrated. The test is yet
to come. It's all being fine tuned and calibrated.
M: (-
) It would be analogous to preparation for a launch Or something
like that where there's lots of activity and...
'1 Yeah.
-1
M:
j ...and things being done to test the component parts of it
to make sure they're in working order.
jUh, this, this would be amazing to watch - I mean talk about
feedback. I mean, when they fire this sucker up the, the, the, uh,
the atmosphere will glow around it.
114: ler 7] I see, so there is something, there really is something to
see.
) Oh, sure.
M: IIt's not just uh...watch the dials kind of thing...
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Nr:
I ] Oh, no, Er:- = think there's an awful lot of dial watching
involved in it in ---...2...c.-ms of the time and sequences and everything and
trying to perfecz .:-.2.e, the actual outcome, but in terms of, uh,
Watching the busiss end of this sucker, uh, I'll bet ya it boils
the, uh, it boils 7....be atmosphere around it.
M:
V:
I'll bet -2r7.m..: actually see this, this, phaser type wave come
out of there - it's just, or just appear between between that and the
target - it actua.:....z-- looks like it's boiling and the atmosphere around
which would C=Nhkte a white haze or something, uh, I'll bet ya
that's visible. M-11 bet ya there isn't very much of a hard target to
stand against it. wouldn't explode itself. It's molecules would
'just become so excilted by it that it would literally implode or
explode.
A4: J Hamm, *te curious as to whether something like that would
e detected outside of this environment?
T) Uhl I think the problem, the problem is, and it has something
1b do with, the vacuum, using a vacuum tube...
M: )Um, hum.
...or testing it in molecular air, uh, the problem I think is
the wave format is so short that the distance is critical...yeah.
(
7I mean it OK to test it on the surface of the earth like in
in atmosphere but in deep space, for instance, it would be really
effective because there would be no air molecules to block it. But on
the surface of the earth if you tested it the wave components, the
components of the wave are too short so they're sucked up by the air
molecules.
A4: 70h, I see.
N7: 7So, when you get such a cushioning effect from the surrounding
atmosphere that if you were to back off say 30 miles from this it
would be totally undetected, undetectable, it just wouldn't be putting
anything out, uh, it wouldn't be giving anything out that you could
detect. So, in terms of detecting at a distance, say if you were to,
run a satellite over this area to try and detect what was going on it
would be damn near impossible to do that.
V:
*-^
'77Um, hmm.
can certainly detect it in space, though. If you had your
detector in space and this was operating in space that would be the
last thing saw...that would be the last thing you would detect before
it ate you, uh, it's really interesting. I also think one of the
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other problems possibly with this, I get a feeling like, uh, the wave
front on this is also highly effected by gravitational pull, things
like that. Things that you don't normally have to worry about with
light, photon-type activity. You know on a standard a laser outside
the fact that the laser gets really weak over distance. Well, this
will get weak over distance unless it's in a vacuum. If you're in a
vacuum like in space or near vacuum, like space, then the distance on
this is really great in terms of power. I was just seeing these hard
targets being literally shaking inside out, it's like the molecules
inside the hard targets were just vibrating instantly into, into, uh,
such a hypervolic action that don't even stay glued together. They
just vaporized - the hard target, uh, of course, the harder the target
the less it's damaged, but there's still an awful lot of damage, uh,
plus there's another thing. The, the real, it's all, the whole
thing's got experimental problems, but the real problems, the real
crux, the state-of-the-art stuff is right here in C which is these,
these components right here. They get bathed by the output of the,
the control exposure chamber, but these little rods or wires or bundle
of whatever they are, sticks, metallic oxide, sticks or whatever,
these arioges...
Um, hmm.
( I don't know if anodes is the proper word. I'm reminded of,
is really crazy - the association, but on the bottom of a boat,
to keep the metal on your boat from being eaten away through corrosion
and what not you put these little nodes so that, you know, the salt
water, they're soft metals, the salt water attacks those first, you
see, and eats those away, and so you use the rest of the metal on your
boat - I'm not even explaining that right, but that's what I get a
feeling about these, is that these actually attract the electron
stream or whatever it is and, and, the collision of the electrons or
whatever with the molecular components of these oxide tubes or
whatever...
Um, hmm.
7'
thousand
they put
it ain't
know how
light way
..produces this really intense ten fold increase or ten
fold increase wave front output. They get real excited and
these waves out. So it operates very much like a laser, but
a laser. It's, it's more like a phaser, you know. I don't
to explain that. It's a different kind of wave than coherent
es.
:YYeah.
:TIt's in a different frequency spectrum altogether.
_SjIt sounds like, it sounds almost like instead of, uh,
transmitting light, you're transmitting energy.
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-? Yeah, right, exactly, absolutely, that's exactly what we're
talking about here is an energy laser instead of a light laser. But
it takes, it takes, this huge complex system of light wave lasers to
ignite this controlled explosion in this sphere of mirrors and then
that is absolutely forced to fold down upon itself to produce even
larger amounts of energy and then energy which is really seeking to
expand outwards produces these orbits of electron matter or whatever
that are stripped of them to bathe these rods to produce some other
form of laser. (M speaks but can't understand.) Yeah, but this, this
part can't get, I don't if it's because it's so short and looks real
complex.
114: hmm.
j...or if it's because it's like a segmented tube.
114: ) It's funny because that's where you started.
pPeah, and it's a real complex segmented tube of some kind.
j UT, OK.
But it necks down there, it becomes very focused.
M:
;/Oh, I see.
But I think it's strictly a vehicle to get these, these
electrons out of here over to here. Some electron wave guide for lack
of a better word.
114: SHmmm. Is it, but, it's a transportation medium, you would
pay, it's not something that, that modifies the...
7No, it, doesn't, I don't think it modifies it in any way. As
4 matter of fact, there may be a huge electromagnetic field wrapped
around it...
1111: 1 70h, I see.
order to get the electrons to travel down it, or stay
within it. You know, it compacts them maybe and transports them. As
a matter of fact, it, the reason why it's segmented may be because it
coils around this sphere. Actually, it comes out of this sphere in a
coil and then dumps straight into that one. But I feel like they're
separate places. They may, ah, shoot. Uh, I know when this stuff's
fired there's nobody in the room. At least this kid wouldn't be
around. No, I wouldn't mind being on the opposite end observing, you
know, not on the end of it but to the side observing the impact area
or the target area, that would be really interesting because I think
it's very coherent, very directed. I don't think there's anybody down
there at all. I think it's probably all watched with TV's, uh, I
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can't imagine like if element C loses it's coherent wave front it's no
longer putting waves out in front of it and just starts putting it out
sporadically in all different directions, it would kill everything
within so many feet. I suspect that this element is packed in, uh,
built inside a block house concrete-type of place, and that's why I
think this wave guide is used to get the electrons over there. I keep
wanting to say electrons but I don't think that's what they are -
highly excited matter, let's put it that way.
-] So now if you were to step back from this perspective a little
'bit, how is this all taking place or does it have any relationship to
what we did this morning in any way or is this a process that's going
on in totally different part of the compound or a totally different
place, or where, where are we now if we expand out from this a little
bit?
i
)OK, A would be in the B building. C is in C building.
M: ).0K, so then,
t ,J Ot, or, maybe C is in a connector part and the target's in C
building.
114: I see.
(
1 jTest equipment's on both sides of the hard target area, uh, I
get the feeling that C building is basically a block house type, uh,
type of place. But, but, then I also have to say and I go back to
multiple teams which I should put down here, uh, multiple teams, uh,
there's just a whole lot going on here, you know like A it's a whole
different team of folks, and there goal has nothing to do with C, uh,
A folks over here, their primary goal as a team is to fire up this
controlled explosive device and maintain it put out ever larger
increasing amounts of energy from it. )1h, then there's a whole
different team that's playing with this, this phaser thing down here.
And within the phaser team there's a whole different team that's
concerned with trying to find a more stable, stable bundle of wires.
A more stabilized bundle. A more focused output device. Then there's
2 teams an A and B team at the hard target site. One is trying to
destroy the hard target no matter how it's shielded and the other's
trying to shield it no matter how hard they try to destroy it. And,
so there's 2 sub-teams there. Uh, simply by changing, I keep saying
these are the key, this bundle, this bundle of wires, this bundle of
rods or whatever, by simply changing those, you change the entire
output wave front, in other words whatever is in inserted here is what
determines the wave, uh, how many angstroms it is, uh, how much energy
output there is, its coherency, all these different things, uh, and I
keep, uh, one of the other things I keep finding very interesting is
the fact that uh, in terms of controlled explosion, the enormous
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amount of power this puts out in relationship to how it excites this
is nothing compared to what the real machine will do. I feel like
this is all just a mock up. A test mock up. This is what we can do
within bounds of, uh, within bounds of control, or within bounds of
experimentation. If you were to build the real machine, uh, and put
it in orbit or something it would be far less complicated on one hand
and on the other hand it would be even more complicated, uh, but its
power would be equivalent to this - it would be 10 times 10 more
powerful output. You could literally put a wall up - a big glass wall
that nothing could fly through it. An umbrella type of front. You
can imagine a huge bundle of key rods or whatever each one putting
out, each one putting out a very tiny beam that 2,000 miles away would
be much wider and broader...
3 I see.
L_ ] And, uh, very intense all side by side you know its putting up
this front, like an arc so many miles high and so many miles wide,
and, uh:
M: )A%shield type thing.
) Yeah, but it wouldn't last long.
A4: / Oh, I see.
7:Et wouldn't be, you'd wait until the last second type thing,
and it would present this wall and it would last maybe seconds. But
anything in a depth of say 300 miles would be just vaporized, it would
be like a curtain that would appear and disappear, uh, really, really
Star Trek stuff, man, this is really exciting Star Trek stuff. I wish
I could figure 2 things out in more detail. And maybe I well, maybe
that will be something...
114:, Yeah, maybe that will come tonight.
, 7 It will come tonight, yeah.
7Yeah.
IBut, uh, that's basically it, I guess.
M:' 1:70K.
J. So, I'm gonna try to render something more - maybe I'll leave
'this alone. I'm afraid to mess with this.
M:
V: (
OK.
.71-11 just darken it in.
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-1 OK, allright, we will stop the tape for this one, that's fine.
Tonight we're gonna have XXXX and the SRI folks all there.
M:
V:
M:
V:
M:
V:
M:
V:
M:
All, watching this sucker go off.
) Seeing whatever is going on.
' Maybe they'll all be standing around with their thumbs in
?11ileir ears saying well it should have.
7 That's true.
(,r, iWe"11 wait and be surprised I know want their electric bill
"at this place, I'll tell you that.
7 Makes your electric bill look kind of piddly, does it?
/It sure does.
.2)By comparison.
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SESSION 4, 12:00 p.m. (U)
May 7, 1987 (U)
-1
So, here we are. It's a minute or so till 12. Take a minute
or so get yourself situated. XXXXX is on site again as are the SRI
staff members. They'll be acting as beacons in this, uh, during this
pass and they'll be observing, watching the event that or an event
that is taking place at this time and your job is to give a
description of that, of what's happening there, what's of interest to
them right now as they're at the site.
7) Hmm. OK, let's see. Um. I'm trying to, it, uh, getting a
rtal Interesting imprints here. I, uh, I get sort of uh kind of
interesting, uh, I want to say that I'm, you know, that I'm
envisioning this, this, uh phaser-type of thing, but that's, I'm, I'm
seeing scimething a little different...
M: t` -) Um-hum.
V:
Um, um, uh, hum. I feel like I'm stuck between an overlay, an
Inalytic overlay and an actual event..
M:
Um-hum.
]And, I don't know how to rectify that.
M: )Can't quite sort it out?
?No. It's kind of like, an event but it's a, kind of like
it's on film too.
M:
Which is kind of interesting.
114: ( Um-hum.
4 Uh, I'm kinda torn between whether I'm seeing like a remote,
an event remote to that actual place being observed there or one
that's on film, or one that's on film combined with an actual event
going on there. I don't know how to explain that. Uh, sort of a
package deal, it's kind of like, uh, uh, I keep getting, uh, like
combination of two things - one's local and one isn't.
m: 7 Hum.
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M:
Uh, one's observing something going on there and the other's
observing something going on somewhere else that's related.
So it's like maybe two sides that are involved.
Yeah, it's kind of like there's two sides involved. The, uh,
except they both mean the same thing, uh, I can't tell if one's real
time or not.
M: 7 Are they both participating in, in a common event, or...
7 ,
V: i Its sort of a common event.
M: ( . -7
Uh-huh.
,
V: jI'll think about it for a couple of minutes. You can, rather
'Than waste the tape - shut that off for a second.
M: DAll right.
770ive me about a minute and I'll tell you when to start up.
M: A OK.
( 1 I'm getting two things. First off I'm getting a presentation
of a film showing a device being tested somewhere else and then that's
followed up with demonstration of this, this capacity, this, uh, uh,
phaser-type of radiation machine showing it's effect on a specific
kind of target. So it's like a two-part thing. Only one part is done
somewhere else. And, and, I keep getting an impression of a place
even further in the desert, OK, and what's interesting about it is is
surrounded with, uh, hundreds of like individual, uh, storage bunkers,
like everywhere. I think, I think what we're talking about here is,
uh, uh, let's see, I'm having trouble defining between demonstration
of this device and, and a real, well they're both real, but one was
done beforehand, and one is being done now. And the one that was done
beforehand was actually a device. It was really a, a, and I keep
saying device, I'm talking what I'm talking about is a bomb. It was
actually used in a demonstration type of effect and, uh, it was like
two ended, it was double ended. It had one end was, was an actual
bomb that produced, that produces or produced an output that initiated
a second bomb. It produced an output that initiated this ray, if you
will, but it was all done, uh, like in an underground test. And then
they had films of this and they showed the outputs of this and they're
going into a live demonstration using this laser to initiate very much
the same kind of outputs only on a much smaller scale, so, uh, we're
essentially talking about two kinds of devices doing the same thing,
one on a large order of magnitude, one on a small order of magnitude.
M: Um-hum.
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jAnd, uh. I'm getting a picture of, I'm getting a mental image
of this device, thing that they use, uh, for like the canned
demonstration, film demonstration. And it's, uh, it's uh, that's not
right. Do we have an eraser? Let's do it this way, uh, um,
something's no= right about that. It's more like, uh, it's like an
underground thing that's, uh, demonstrated there's like a-uh, we'll
call this an initiation device. And what happens is this thing goes
off and its fastened to a little short piece of tubing that is very
much like a wave guide and what it does is it focuses, um, this is,
uh, focus for, focus for, it's the first thing I'm trying, what's the
first thing that happens from like a thermonuclear device like a
thermonuclear device, it's not even a thermonuclear it's a nuclear
device. The first thing that happens is there's a huge output of
neutrons and it goes into a second device and the second device is a,
uh, thermo target. And then this ignites, OK. And that becomes like
a thermonuclear type of device and that goes off and then fastened to
the end of this is this cluster of these, those rods, whatever you
want to call them. Little lasing type things.
Um-hum.
And they produce a massive output as they're enveloped.
rasing r6ds produce like that. This output. And this goes down a,
uh, this whole thing takes place in a chamber under ground and this
goes down a tunnel and at the other end of this tunnel you're down
let's say it's a, this is ground level. And you get down here in this
chamber where they do this and it shoots down this tunnel a few
thousand feet. Meanwhile, this thing's expanding over here - it's
actually exploding, but it happens so fast, uh, this explodes but
before this destroys this, it ignites it, with this massive focus of
neutrons. When this ignites it lases these which produces the output
of, uh, gamma rays or whatever they are. As that's being enveloped
these rays are racing down this tunnel which has blocks in it. And
right behind these rays going down the tunnel, these blocks are
closing. And down here at the end is a chamber of targets so also
there's sensing equipment down here so there's a seconaary tunnel down
here. And, uh, sensing equipment we'll say sensing. This is the
actual, uh, this is the actual detonation place. So this is all
destroyed here, but it sends radiation down this tunnel and behind
this radiation which is all very, I mean, everything's all
instantaneous almost speed of light and this always happens, these
shafts close down behind it to minimize damage to the target area. So
the only thing arrives down at the target area are the rays from this
thing which then shadow the target, and, and, this is, this is, uh,
essentially well call this Demo One. That's, uh, done at a remote
site, of the site, Air' :Base, uh, lots of large bunkers. Some
are out in the desert. That's Demo One.
r_
Then you get Demo Two. Demo One shows this is what it looks
like-on a full scale. Demo Two shows a more controlled thing going on
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at the lab. And essentially what you got is, uh, this thing all
hooked up to all these input, all these different things, lasers, are
hooked into this sphere as I, as I drew before.
I Um-hum.
(S/NF) And it in turn produces, uh, produces that giant electron
output to, uh, to sort of cluster this thing which puts out this ray.
This, this I don't even want to use this picture cause it's not very
good. The problem I'm having with this is I'm, there's a big element
that's missing and it's where it's missing is connecting this machine
to this machine. There's something in here that I'm not getting and I
can't...
/14: ( j) Is it the same one you were having trouble with this
afternoon...
-]Yeah, um-hum.
A4: :p...same, same connection there?
( ,`,;;Vhat I keep wanting to do, is I keep wanting to put the whole
Iling into an apparatus that captures electrons and accelerates them.
A4:
Um-hum.
) But, then I don't know how to do, I don't know I'm gonna do
that;--it's, it's almost as if, it's almost as if there's a, like a,
this thing wrapped around like this, uh, this being. I'm really
having a problem with this - I keep wanting to wrap something around
this sphere right here.
M:
Urn-hum.
And, and, the essential step is that it strips, as electrons
are forced outwards in this sphere, they are collected in this trough
that accelerates them in a circle and what it essentially does it
forces them around, uh, in a, in a magnetic, electromagnetic field.
And the electromagnetic field, uh, because it, it kicks them into a
tighter concentric circle, accelerates them. So when they exit the
end, these electrons are not only, uh, at a very high energy anyway
because of the amount of that, they, they're really moving, uh, and
then coming out of the end of this thing they strike these tubes in
some way. It really fires these tubes up. They're like pumped across
these tubes, uh, I'm having a lot of trouble drawing how that's done.
114: 0- 3 Um-hum, um-hum.
.i4Uh, and these, these tubes are bundled, but they're bundled in
kind o a crazy way. They're bundled so that one assists the other
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and so that it's a cascading effect. So that there's a, there's,
instead of a, a sporadic output there's a very coherent cascaded built
up, uh, driven kind of output coming from these tubes and, uh, it
doesn't last long, it lasts for a few seconds. And I was thinking
about the, uh, the wave front and I've pretty much come to the
conclusion that, uh, that these things are absolutely in a very short
wave area. They are either gamma rays or they're X-rays, like an
X-ray laser or something like that. Really potent stuff.
A4: ( Um-hum.
V:
M:
V:
Uh, operating in the, uh, in a real short wave front area.
And, and when it strikes the target, the target's are, uh, missile
components,that's what I think the targets are, they're components of
Missiles, not so much warheads, but as they are the guidance systems
for missiles.
:1Hum.
? ,
1 WU know, like the solid state electrons, the chip electrons,
and the kuidance system for the missiles. Plus, I get another real
interesting thing - side thing - here's, uh, here's a side effort
going on with this that has to do with, uh, it takes a large computer
to operate this, so what we're looking at also is we're looking at a
condensed version of a very fast computer that operates this.
Remember we talked about sequencing and that timing was everything...
A4:
6 7Um-hum.
(7 -7...and, that one of the problems is that the thing that does
the-timing, corrects the timing and everything is, uh, a real number
cruncher...
M: (-4 'Um-hum.
V:
...monster of a computer...
M: I 7Um-hum.
j...and the problem is that this thing is not going to be
effective unless it's in space. It's, um, to fit the thing in space,
this thing won't be in space floating around up here, because (a.)
that violates agreements, (b.) it's a sitting duck circling the earth
in a fixed orbit or just sitting in a fixed orbit. So what we're
'essentially looking at is we're looking at a device that's launchable.
In other words, when, when we determine that the Soviets have launched
say a group of ICBM's, then we would fire this sucker into space it
would seek out the ICBM wall and eliminate it. So we're looking,
we're looking at a, a device that's really smart, that can handle big,
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big time timing sequential problems in a very short period. So we're
looking at a whole new animal in terms of how smart it is. And I was
thinking of that, and it's really interesting - I'm getting the
impression of a bottle, a bright blue bottle that is literally a
computer operated by light. Uh, I don't know how to explain that but
I think that's the extra laser that I'm seeing. It's actually a
computer that's light operated. In other words, it operates on
photons instead of hard circuits, electromagnetic circuits, so it's
literally impervious to the EMP or EPI or whatever they call
it...electromagnetic interference from atomic blasts. And, that's a
very, uh, a really powerful computer but it's crunched down into a
really tiny size...
Um-hum.
V: \ ...so this, and, and because of its size this thing actually
LieloWs blue white when it operates.
,)
is4: C I.Hum.
I
V: (t-his i . .). :Y9u know, it creates so much heat itself, the computer does,
s real interesting, we're right on, this device is so far out on
the edge of stability that, uh, quite literally, I mean it's
self-destructive. In order for it to work in its final state, it
destroys itself. It generates such intense power...
M: Um-hum.
...that it lasts for a microseconds, but the wall it puts up
ilgstroys everything in its way, in its path, uh, we're talking a
really neat concept, and all the dynamics that are going into it are
really complex and really state-of-the-art stuff.
/-
:I Um-hum.
V: / __] Uh, I, I essentially see what I-was seeing this afternoon only
LT-see it operating and it's, it's, uh, this volatile beam coming out
of this thing. I just wish I could - the key to this whole thing
really, the key to the whole thing and the metal alloy or oxide alloy
rods that are bundled - that's the key, and how they're bathed with
the output from this, uh, laser initiated controlled explosion and,
and the elements from that - the, uh, neutrons that are stripped from
this are done in a very, are stripped in and a very special way. It's
like, uh, it's something different from electromagnetics and I can't,
damn, I can't put it together.
is4: 6C" :-.) ?
i It s not in our vocabulary.
c
r
V: ( , No, that's probably the problem is that I have nothing to
escri e it with and I can see it, you know, I can, I can taste, I
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can, I know it's, uh, uh, if I was gonna draw it, uh, I wanta do this
really fancy scribble and, uh, and, and, what's interesting about this
and again were going back to the timing sequence and all that kind
of stuff, what we're really talking about is we're talking about an
expected occurrence of the neutrons coming off this thing. In other
Words, the way they orbit and everything it's all predictable. It's
all been predicted. So they strip off the maximum number of neutrons
and accelerate them down to these lasing metallic alloy rods or
whatever they are and there's, it's not a donut wrapped around this
titling but it's a special shape. It's like, uh, it's designed to
Capture where the neutrons will be which is really interesting. It's,
it's like there's, you would look at it and say "that's really weird
the way they did that." But it's taken months of, you know, using the
computer to map how that will be done without interfering with the
Process itself.
-
NI: . 1 U? m-hum.
( )You know, it's like being in the right place at the right
lime: And, I don't know how to do that. It's like a
7
M:(7 --j S? ounds like it's hard to capture in a drawing, it's hard to
Capture in language.
(.
]) 'Yeah, and what I'm trying to do is I'm trying to capture the
Fight kind of words to describe it. It's not like a double helix,
it's not like a donut, uh, it's like a, uh, it's a specially
configured - it's not electromagnetic either, it's something - it like
traps the higher orbits of a neutron that come off or electrons that
Create neutrons or whatever. I don't even know what the hell I'm
talking about here. You know, I think physicists would have troubles
sitting down and conversing on this.
114: k --) U? m-huh.
iIt's beyond, it's beyond the come, it's, uh, they could
theorize it but, when it comes to actually doing it, it takes
literally sitting down with a super computer for months to come up
with come conclusions, or arrive at some conclusions, so Demo One is a
film of what happens in the desert. Demo Two is actually seeing this
thing done in a lab scenario on a smaller scale using this massive
laser device to initiate a controlled nuclear detonation which
produces huge outputs of neutrons which are stripped using this double
helix donut device which is then pumped or pulsed across a very
ispecial alloy type of rod, and it's real short, I mean it's not a
major thing. It's just a little bunch of rods that are set up in a
certain way and neutrons are pumped across it. And its acts like a
directional anode and it puts out huge massive like 1012 outputs of
X-rays in a coherent wave front. And these things come boiling out at
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the end and literally heat the air molecules uh, that travel they
travel through. Burn them up - just, they burn up the air molecules,
create a vacuum around the and hit these targets which are parts of
pieces of guidance systems to rockets and molecularly it shakes them
to pieces - vaporizes, vaporizes them. And when I say the, the output
of the output of, the demo device in the lab is like 1 1/10th and not
even that, like 1/50th the power of the one that's, that's done with
the detonation in the desert.
M: . Hum.
L.The one in the desert is just unreal, it's literally powered
with -i thermonuclear device, I mean it's output is outrageous. On a,
on a scale of 1 to 10 the lab demo is a 1 and the one in the desert's
is 10 to the minus 10, I mean it's just got an outrageous output - it
would melt anything. And, and in space the near vacuum of space it
would put a small wall up of X-ray or gamma ray output that you
couldn't fly a gnat through you know without cooking it. It would
shake everything molecularly apart and, and it wouldn't last that
long, you know, seconds. And what's neat about it is the only side
effect is the thermonuclear device going off in the atmosphere, you
know, above the atmosphere in space, so you would have a probably a
real severe EPI problem or EMP problem or whatever you call it that
would last for a few minutes actually a little more than a few
minutes, but the result is that everything manmade above the
atmosphere would cease to function. It would literally be blown to
pieces. Real overkill for eliminating just a few hundred ICBMs or
whatever. Probably 15 of these would launch one right after the other
for a 20-minute period would eliminate any ICBM's the Russians ever
launch.
_
NI: iHum.
) That's essentially it. That's, that's all I'm getting for
this event stuff. Now I'm getting some other real interesting things
on the side I'm getting specially designed computer stuff to operate
these things, to aim, them, to handle whether or not they should go
off, or how they go off, uh, super high speed very powerful
miniaturized computers that run very hot. I see them literally
1 glowing bottles of coolant. I also see, uh, a second remote site in
the desert somewhere that's definitely an air base where the devices
are put together and tested. I see, uh, uh, hum, got kind of a flash
1 and input of guys running around with guns which is real interesting,
uh, some kind of heavy security force, this is really over protected
stuff, uh, I see variations of this, theoretic variations of this that
operate not only in the gamma X-ray area but are - you see this is
1 capable of generating a whole lot of different kinds of wave fronts.
And you can generate microwave, you can generate gamma wave, you can
generate X-ray, the key is the rods. It really has to do with the
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C
lasing components and I think the problem what they've really ironed
out is how to, how to time the thermonuclear device to capture its
output in terms of neutrons and focusing. They've learned to do that
and now they learned about the lasing rods and how to develop a
coherent wave fronts. And its combining the two and putting that into
a vehicle that's launchable - Ws really interesting. Making it
small enough but violent enough to do what it's gotta do, so we're
looking at some really advanced state-of-the-art stuff. And I think
one of the real surprises that they've got in just the past couple of
years is the ability to theoretically test it by using both the high
energy laser at this lab. They were unable to generate enough output
power with this laser before it really use it to any extent in testing
this. And now they've been able to do that, really, really produce
the kind of output that's necessary and control the scenario to at
least generate some minor tests they're major tests but I mean an a
way that's...
A4:
.Um-hum. Sure.
(7 --)-...observable in a lab situation, uh, which, again, I think
the bfeakthrough on that which is it's really interesting has to do
with something as simple as polishing the inside of that sphere.
m: C
V:
Hum.
/ So that they're not only initiating the, the miniature sun to
urn, but it's actually reflected back in on itself. It actually
collapses back in on it, so it's almost like building a miniature
black hole, in a bottle which is really neat. And, and again that in
comes the theory to this enormous amount of resource in terms of
computer work and theoretics and stuff, and, and that's it. And the
most fun out of the whole thing is that they really do initiate this
thing using this high energy laser. You get to see the air molecules
boil. Maybe via, I wouldn't watch it except via maybe a remote
camera, uh, I get a feeling if this thing ever went haywire, you know,
I mean there'd be X-rays everywhere, so it's probably a very, uh,
heavily built shielded room that they use as a target.
(-
Um-hum.
, That's it, that's it, that's go for broke stuff.
114: ( OK.
V:) j OK. I hope so.
Al: ) Thank you,
lit seems to be awfully fantastic stuff.
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International
Final Report
Covering the Period 15 November 1983 to 15 December 1984
GEOPHYSICAL EFFECTS STUDY (U)
"."
December 1984
C
SRI Project 6600
Copy
This document consists of 58 pages.
1
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333 Ravenswood Avenue Menlo Park, California 94025 ? U.S.A.
mt qw_gnnn ? r.hia? cRI INTI MPK ? TWX: 910-373-2046
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I OBJECTIVE (U)
The objective of this effort is to investigate the
possible effects of ambient geophysical/extremely low-frequency electro-
magnetic factors on remote viewing (RV) performance
(U) RV (remote viewing) is the acquisition and description, by mental
means, of information blocked from ordinary perception by distance or
shielding.
1
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II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (U)
4 ,A SRI International was tasked4
kto investigate a potential correlation between remote viewing (RV)
performance and ambient geophysical/extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic
(ELF) activity. The possibility of such correlation is indicated, for
example, by studies showing psychophysiological effects1' 2 and behavioral
changes'''. associated with ELF electromagnetic fields. The geophysical
variables of interest include such factors as ELF intensity/fluctuations,
ionospheric conditions, geomagnetic indices, sunspot number, and solar-
flare characteristics. The questions addressed in this program are
? Do geophysical/performance correlations exist such that
measurement of the ambient geophysical variables could
be used as an indicator of expected performance?
If so, can optimum performance windows be identified?
(U) The structure of the program to investigate the above issues
consists of
A literature search
Real-time ELF measurements
SRI International (Menlo Park, California location)
Time Research Institute (Los Altos, California
field station).
? Real-time geophysical data acquisition via the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Westar IV
satellite downlink.
? Computer correlation studies of RV performance versus
variables of interest.
(U) In this report, we present findings from our over-six-year
analysis of scored RV sessions--as they relate to geophysical environmental
Cu) References are listed at the end of this report.
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(U)
spectrum is unknown, it could provide a promising link between the solar-
terrestrial environment and known electromagnetic effects on biological
processes. With regard to ELF itself, preliminary evaluation of the ELF
environment in half-hourly time intervals has shown a possible relation-
ship to frequencies between 10 and 30 Hz, particularly as ELF intensities
change from below average to above average values.
k Considering the modest level-of-effort for the survey
of geophysical/ELF factors, and their possible relationship to RV per-
formance, a considerable amount of progress has been made in delineating
potential correlations of value. What can be said at this point is that
this pilot study provides evidence that the quality of RV functioning may
be intimately related to the geophysical environment. What remains to be
done is (1). an in-depth statistical evaluation of those findings of this
study that were strongly intercorroborated by the various data sets used,
and (2) a structured attempt at blind RV performance forecasting. As a
result, continued collection and analysis of such data will be pursued
to determine whether the correlations found are stable over time, and
will thus provide a solid continuing basis for RV performance prediction.
From both scientific and practical viewpoints, knowledge of this kind makes
it possible'
enhancing the overall RV product*,
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k to consider methods for
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Interim Report
Covering the Period 15 November 1983 to 15 July 1984
kiD GEOPHYSICAL EFFECTS STUDY (U)
L .r.
Copy No.
No.
7-his document consists of 54 pages.
July 1984
SRI Project 6600
ESU 83-147
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(4151 326-6200 ? Cable: SRI INTL MPK ? TWX: 910-373-2046
I
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I OBJECTIVE (U)
The objective of this effort is to investigate the
possible effects of ambient geophysical/low-frequency electromagnetic
factors on remote viewing (RV)* performance
(U) RV (remote viewing) is the acquisition and description, by mental
means, of information blocked from ordinary perception by distance
or shielding.
1
c00
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I
,
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II INTRODUCTION (U)
is SRI International is tasked4
'to investigate a potential correlation between remote viewing
(RV) performance and ambient geophysical/extremely-low-frequency electro-
magnetic (ELF) activity. The possibility of such correlation is indicated,
,
for example, by studies showing psychophysiological effects1a* and
behavioral changes3" associated with ELF electro-magnetic fields. The
geophysical variables of interest include such factors as ELF intensity/
fluctuations, ionospheric conditions, geomagnetic indices, sunspot number,
and solar emissions (e.g., X rays and solar flares). The questions to be
answered ill this program are
? Do geophysical/performance correlations exist such that
measurement of the ambient geophysical variables could
be used as an indicator of expected performance?
? If so, can optimum performance windows be identified?
(U) The structure of the program that will address the above issues
consists of
? A literature search.
? Real-time ELF measurements
? SRI (Menlo Park, California location)
? Time Research Institute (Los Altos, California
field station).
? Real-time geophysical data acquisition via NOAA
(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)
Westar IV satellite downlink.
? Computer correlation studies of RV performance versus
variables of interest.
(U) References are listed at the end of this report.
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Final Report December 1
Covering the Period 15 November 1983 to 15 December 1984
PERSONNEL IDENTIFICATION AND SELECTION (U)
SRI Project 6
1 -9
Copy No. .A.,0-?
This document consists of 54 pa
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333 Ravenswood Avenue ? Menlo
[phone] ? Cable: SRI INV
5 ? U.S.A.
1-373-2046
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TABLES (U)
1
(U) PAS Reference Groups of Precalibrated Viewers
14
2
(U) Cluster Analysis of 14 Precalibrated Viewers
16
3
(U) Results of SRI RV Trainees
20
4
',I Results of the RV Trainees
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IV METHOD OF APPROACH (U)
A. (U) Overview
(U) To accomplish the object of this effort, we used a group of 19 "calibrated" remote
vieWers as "baseline" indications of personality types for individuals who are likely to be
good remote viewers. All 19 viewers were scored on a self?report inventory and on a
performance measure. (Details of both are described below.) Item analysis was conducted
to determine if there were any above?chance groupings of individuals in accordance with
their RV abilities. By comparing the results of the performance measures with those of the
self?report inventories, we considered the possibility of correlations between the two
techniques.
The next stage was to administer the same tests to all SRI,
and Mobius Society personnel currently involved in RV. On the basis of the test
results, predictions were made as to the individuals' RV abilities.
(U) As a test of correlations between self?report inventories and RV abilities in the
"general" population, we conducted item analysis upon 3081 responses collected by the
Mobius Society.
(U) To determine if Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) could assist in the search for
personality correlates to RV, we asked Dr. Nevin Lantz to provide us with a detailed analysis
with particular focus upon applications for psychoenergetic research.
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A. (U) Overview
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I INTRODUCTION (U)
00789R003200160001-9
It.has been claimed by the parapsychological community that
certain people can search for and locate water, oil, minerals, objects,
individuals, sites of archaeological significance, and so forth. This
purported ability is most often referred to as "dowsing" in the Western
literature4
In this report,t we shall refer to such techniques simply as
"search." If "search" can be demonstrated to be a genuine ability, and if
it can be applied then we may have a
potential contribution
"VP
(U) This ability can be contrasted to the related remote viewing ability in the following
manner. In remote viewing, the viewer is given location information (e.g., coordinates, a beacon
agent, or a picture), then asked to provide data on target content. In "search," the viewer is
given information on target content, then asked to provide location data (e.g., position on a
map). The two functions thus complement each other.
(U) For a comprehensive survey of the claims for dowsing, see Christopher Bird, The
Divining Hand, E. P. Dutton, New York, New York (1979).
1-(U) This report constitutes the deliverable for Objective D, Task 1 and Objective G, Task 1.
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(U) To see whether or not this purported "search" ability could be brought under
laboratory control, a computer?assisted search (CAS) routine was developed. This routine
consists of the following elements:
(1) A finite matrix of possible target locations (e.g., a 20 x 20 graphics matrix grid)
from which one cell is randomly selected by the computer as the target.
(2) An individual whose task is to "scan" the graphics display area with a computer
mouse, and indicate, by pressing the button on the mouse, his/her choice as to
the target location.
(3) A feedback mechanism that displays the response and actual target location.
(4) An a priori defined analysis procedure to compare the targets with the
responses.
B. (U) Background
(U) Using this general procedure, an experiment was conducted during FY 1984 in which
two conditions were tested simultaneously:1'
?
? The target remains fixed in space for the duration of the trial (space
condition).
? The target is rapidly moving to various locations, so that the subject must push
the button at exactly the right time (time condition).
IrSeven subjects, who were blind to the space/time condition,
were each asked to contribute 50 trials (25 space, 25 time). Five of them
produced independently significant results: three in time only and two in
space only.
conditions.
No participant was successful at both space and time
(U) A larger pool of subjects was used to try to replicate this finding in FY 1986.
Participants were chosen on the basis of interest and availability, and included both experienced
and novice subjects. As in the FY 1984 experiment, each subject contributed 25 trials under
each of the two conditions, space and time, and were blind to the condition in force for each
trial. Most subjects were unaware that there were two conditions.
-)Thirty-six subjects participated in the FY 1986 experiment.
Results were analyzed by separating the trials collected under the two
conditions, as before. Six subjects attained significant results (13 <
0.05) in the time condition, and two in the space condition. The smallest
* (U) References are listed at the end of this report.
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attained p-value was 0.0001. The probability of obtaining such an extreme
result, with 72 separate tests (36 in each condition), is 0.007, (The
appropriate formula for this is [1 - (1 - 0.0001)72], where in general the
smallest p-value in an experiment with n separate tests is used instead of
0.0001, and n is used in place of 72.)2
4
%In both years of testing, no participant scored significant
hits in both the time and space conditions. (There were two subjects in FY
1986 who scored significantly in the direction of missing the target under
both conditions.) This observation led to the question of whether or not
talented subjects bifurcated into two groups: those who could search over
a spatial area, and those who could push the button at just the right
time. A follow-up experiment was proposed in FY 1986 to test this.
,Eleven subjects who had done well in the original FY 1986
experiment were asked to participate in a "single condition" experiment in
which they would search under only the condition for which they had scored
well. Thus, those who scored better in time were told of this fact, and
were told that the target was constantly moving. Similarly, those who had
done well with a fixed target were tested only under this condition, and
were explicitly told that the target was stationary. Eight subjects
completed this experiment. Results from this single condition experiment
proved to be nonsignificant for all subjects.
C. (U) Experiments for FY 1987
(U) Since the FY 1984 and the original FY 1986 experiments had shown evidence of
"search" ability, and since the only change in the follow-up FY 1986 experiment had been to
remove the random assignment of the space and time condition, it was decided that an
experiment should be conducted in FY 1987 in which the random space and time conditions
were again used. This will be further discussed in this report, under the title of
"Computer-Assisted Search Experiment."
(U) As another test of "search" ability, an experiment was conducted during FY 1987
with a group of five self-proclaimed dowsers. The purpose of this experiment was to see if any of
these individuals could come closer than expected by chance to locating a shipwreck, by
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(1U) In our experiment, a bounded area representing the perimeter of a 20 x 20 cell
matrix was shown to the participant, with the additional option of having the 400 individual
squares of the grid displayed. Figure 1 shows the display with the grid option. The participant
was told that the target could be anywhere within the square, and that he/she should move the
cursor around, and push the button on the mouse when the moment "seemed right." The
computer was programmed to give immediate feedback to the participant following each trial by
automatically displaying the target cell as a filled square and the participant's choice as a shaded
square, with a line connecting the two (see Figure 1). After several seconds of the feedback
display, the computer recycled to the next trial. Coordinates of the target and response were
stored for future analysis.
UNCII,ASSIFIED
FIGURE 1 (U) SEARCH MATRIX COMPUTER DISPLAY WITH FEEDBACK
B. (U) The Atocha Experiment
To take the search task out of the laboratory, five
self-proclaimed dowsers were asked to participate in an experiment to see
if any of them could find an object by searching a map. (One of them,
Viewer 198, has been part of the SRI Psychoenergetics Project since 1984.
At times he/she has performed excellently iV
real-world laboratory search tasks. However, his/her overall performance
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has been mixed.) The object used for the experiment was the wreck of a
Spanish galleon, ArlieStra Senora de Mocha, which sank during a hurricane in
1622. The wreckage was found off the coast of Key West, Florida, on 20
July, 1985. It was selected as the target for this experiment because,
although its location was already known, the considerable wealth it
contained and its fascinating historical background made it something that
would have been worth searching for. The purpose of this task was to
simulate a situation in which the searchers would be excited about finding
the target because of its value. Of course the experiment was designed in
such a way that knowing the actual location of the wreckage would not help
the searchers ?succeed in the experiment.
1. (U) Preliminary Activities
(U) TO create a high level of interest in the experiment, SRI personnel visited Florida
and conducted two preliminary activities. First, they accompanied Viewer 198 to the Mocha
museum and discussed the experiment and the Atocha history in detail with him/her. Later,
before beginning the experimental trials, Viewer 198 showed a National Geographic videotape
of the search for the Mocha to the other four participants.
(U) The second preliminary activity was to conduct a few real?world search trials
with Viewer 198, for a less important, but known, Spanish galleon wreck, the San Pedro. For
these trials the location of the San Pedro wreck was marked on a map. Three white paper disks,
scaled to correspond to 5,000 yards in diameter (6.34 square miles), were randomly keyed to the
map and marked with a secret orientation code so that the experimenter could later rematch
them to the map. The actual map location of the San Pedro was constrained to be somewhere on
each of the three disks.
(U) To add to the excitement of the task, the data were collected while Viewer 198
and the SRI personnel were in a vessel anchored directly above the wreck. Viewer 198 was given
the three disks and asked to mark on each of them the spot where he/she felt the wreck and thus
his/her current location were. We had hoped that "searching" for yourself as a beacon would
contribute to the success of the trial.
(U) Each disk was rematched to the map and the center of gravity (CG) for the three
responses was calculated. Viewer 198's CG corresponded to a spot 500 yards from the wreck. If
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(U)
a "real search" had been initiated at Viewer 198's spot, a 96% reduction in search area would
have been realized over starting at a random location.
(U) Encouraged by this demonstration trial, we proceeded with the search for the
Atocha.
2. (U) Experimental Details
(U) The five participants in the Mocha experiment conducted their searches in group
meetings at one participant's home. During each weekly meeting, each subject attempted five
guesses. These were recorded by filling in a square on a piece of paper containing a 20 x 20 grid
similar to that shown in Figure 1. These responses were then mailed to SRI International for
evaluation. Previous to the time of the meeting, an experimenter at SRI had generated a target
square for each participant, for each of the trials. This was done using a computer
randomization scherrie to select one of the 400 squares in the grid. To simulate real conditions
as much as possible, the grid was placed on a map of the Key West area with the target square
centered on the spot where the Atocha had been found. Thus, each week there were five such
grids, ordered numerically by trial number, for each participant. If the participant filled in the
corre4 square on a given response grid, then when the grid used for that trial was placed on the
map, Ithe response would be directly over the spot where the Atocha was found.
(U) The experiment was initially scheduled to run for five weeks, with each
participant contributing a total of 25 trials. However, at the end of that period the participants
submitted and were granted a request to repeat the experiment, so the entire experiment consists
of two sets of 25 trials for each subject.
C. (U) Analysis
(U) In both the CAS and the Atocha experiments, the basic unit of data for analysis
consisted of sets of 25 target/response pairs. Within each pair, the data recorded were the
coordinates of the target and the response from their locations on the 20 x 20 grid. In the CAS
experiment, each of the eight subjects contributed one such set in the time condition and one in
the space condition. For the Mocha experiment, each of the five subjects contributed two sets,
one during each of the two five?week periods in the experiment.
the question of
interest is Nether or not the information provided by the participant
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Table 6 (concluded)
Major Keyword
Subtopic Keyword
Miscellaneous--Encompasses all
publications that were determined
to possess little or no immediate
interest (e.g.,
"hauntings," detection of the
human aura, and so forth)
No subtopics as yet implemented
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opr"
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i
would help reduce the time needed to find the target. This is equivalent
to reducing the area over which it is necessary to search before the
target is located.
(U) Assume that in the absence of any information, a search would proceed by randomly
selecting a square on the grid and searching that square. lithe target is not found, then the
squares closest to the original one are searched, in random order. This continues, by
progressively moving away from the original square, until the target is found. At each stage, the
set of squares equidistant from the original one, which have not yet been searched, are selected
in random order and searched.
(U) To analyze the success of these experiments, the average time required to find the
target using this procedure with the subject's guess as the starting point should be compared to
the average time required using a random starting point.
(U) The number of squares that must be searched could range anywhere from one (if the
target is in the original starting square), to the total number of squares, which is 400 for our
experiments. In the absence of any information, and assuming that the target is equally likely to
be anywhere in the grid, the probability that exactly s squares must be searched is 1/400, for any
integer value of s from one to 400. In other words, s follows what is called a "discrete uniform
distribution." It is as likely that all 400 squares will have to be searched as it is that the target will
be found in the first square. This result is independent of the starting square.
(U) The item of interest from each trial is the number of squares that would have to be
searched to find the target. To compute this, we first find the straight line distance from the
response to the target using the formula:
d = (Y1 _ Y2)2 ? (X1 _ X2)2,
where (X1 , Y ) and (X2 , Y2 ) are the coordinates of the target and the response, respectively.
(U) Next, we count the number of squares that are closer to the response than is the
actual target, since all of those would have to be searched before the target would be found.
Finally, we add to the count half of the number of squares that are exactly d units from the
response, since on the average half of the squares at that distance would have to be searched
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In RESULTS (U)
A. MO The Computer-Assisted Search Experiment
4 Table 1 shows the average proportion of squares that would
have to be searched to find the target, and the corresponding p-values for
each participant in each condition. One individual achieved a significant
p-value in the space condition, and none did in the time condition. The
subject who achieved significant results (Subject 837) had done so in the
space condition in the FY 1986 experiment also (with p = 0.04), but did
not participate in the FY 1984 experiment. Subject 164, who showed a
p-value of 0.06e in the space condition in this experiment, had a
significant result (p = 0.031) in the space condition in FY 1984, and
significantly missed the target (p = 0.98) in the FY 1986 space condition.
Neither of these subjects scored anything other than chance in the time
condition in any of the experiments. The third-ranked subject (Subject
150, p = 0.109) was a novice.
Table 1
(U) RESULTS FOR COMPUTER -ASSISTED SEARCH EXPERIMENT
SPACE CONDITION
TIME CONDITION
Subject LD.
Average proportion
of squares searched
p-value _
Average proportion
of squares searched
.
p-value
837 ?
0.3353
0.002
0.5008
0.497
164 ?
0.4143
0.066
0.4396
0.143
150 *
0.4302
0.109
0.4715
0.303
463 1.
0.4771
0.338
0.5837
0.923
235 *
0.4801
0.357
0.5224
0.643
300 1
0.5023
0.507
0.4337
0.121
428 I.
0.5454
0.778
0.5740
0.896
432, ?
0.5649
0.865
_ 0.5089
0.552
? Previously significant in space. t Previously significant in time.
t ?
Novice
1
,Based on the minimum p-value of 0.002, the overall level of
significaL:e for the experiment with the space condition is 0.016. For
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4
the time condition, it is 0.644 (minimum p = 0.121). For the entire
experiment, the minimum p-value is still 0.002, but it is based on 16
replications, so the overall significance level is 0.032.
A more interesting result with regard to potential
applications is an estimate of the reduction in the area that would have
to be searched if the responses given by these subjeCts were used instead
of randomly choosing a starting point. This can be computed by comparing
the average proportions given in Table 1 with the chance average of
0.50125.
For Subject 837, under the space condition, the average
reduction would be 33%. For example, if a search was undertaken for a
kidnap victim, and this subject achieved the personal average level of
functioning demohstrated in this experiment, 33% less area would have to
be searched before the victim was found than if a random starting point
was used. Even though only one subject had a significant result,
combining all subjects guesses in the space condition would still give an
average reduction of 6.5% in the area searched. Depending upon the
application, this reduction could still represent a substantial savings in
expenditure of resources. In the time condition however, the results
indicate that there would be no change in search time over chance.
In addition to looking at the average reduction in search
area, it is of interest for applications to know what percent of the
trials would have resulted in a smaller search area than expected by
chance. For Subject 837 in the space condition, 18 out of 25, or 72% of
all trials resulted in a savings. This means that if this subject were
used repeatedly to suggest a starting point for searches, approximately
72% of all targets would be found in less time than average, and 28% would
require more than the average. In contrast, a random starting place
should result in about 50% above and 50% below average search times. For
all suhjects combined in the space condition, 104 out of 200, or 52% of
all trials resulted in a savings in search area. For the time condition
only, 102, or 51% resulted in a smaller search area than would be expected
by chance.
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IV DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS (U)
The experiments discussed in this report were designed to
replicate and extend earlier findings which indicated that selected
participants could use psychic means to help search for a hidden target.
The computer-assisted search experiment, which served as a direct
replication of the experiments conducted in FY 1984 and FY 1986, once
again showed promising results. As in the earlier experiments, no subject
was able to produce significant results independently in both the time and
the space conditions. Further, the two subjects who produced the best
results did so in the space condition, which replicated their performance
in the earlier experiments. The best subject in the time condition had
scored significantly in the time condition in FY 1986, but not in space.
In general, those who did well in this experiment (excluding one novice)
did so in the same condition for which they had previously scored
significantly.
j Even though n is small, we were able to speculate that
subjects bifurcate into those who can search for fixed targets (space) and
those who can identify when to register a guess (time). It would appear
that each subject would do best in an experiment which containedonly the
preferred condition. A study done this year to test that notion produced
completely chance results. Thus, it appears that even if this bifurcation
does exist, it is best to present subjects with randomly scrambled
conditions. Perhaps the knowledge of exactly what the task requires adds
an analytical component which is hard to overcome. This has been observed
in other psychic functioning, such as forced choice guessing of targets in
remote viewing.
This is the third year in which a computer-assisted search
experiment has provided evidence that psychic functioning may be of some
Jib
use in, searching for hidden or lost
targets. Although such functioning is not completely predictable, it
appears to be robust enough, when selected subjects are used, to
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significantly reduce the average search time from what it would be if
randomly located starting points were used.
(U) The Mocha experiment, which was designed to see if self-proclaimed "dowsers"
would be able to locate a lost object using a grid overlaid on a map, did not produce a significant
finding, although a preliminary experiment showed very promising results. It is difficult to base
conclusions on one experiment with a small sample size. However, it appears that whatever
produced the functioning with selected subjects in the computer-assisted search in the laboratory
did not carry over to the conditions of the Mocha experiment.
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Final Report?Objective F, Tasks la and lb, December 1987
Covering the Period 1 October 1986 to 30 September 1987
FEEDBACK AND PRECOGNITION DEPENDENT
REMOTE VIEWING EXPERIMENTS (U)
SRI Project 1291
pprovedor Releas-e-200170-3/07 : CIP96-007
.*
333 Ravenswood Avenue ? Menlo aric;-Califo
- - ?-? fl,1 INTL MPK ? TWX: 910-373-2046
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tfit ter=0304
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ABSTRACT (U)
different precognition experiments were conducted during
FY 1087. The first of these involved a well-calibrated viewer (Subject
372)
and used natural Bay Area sites as targets. Ten real-time and ten
precOgnitive trials (counterbalanced) yielded no statistical evidence for
remote viewing. In the second experiment, four viewers contributed
approximately 30 trials each in a similar counterbalanced real-time vs.
precOgnition protocol. In this experiment, however, the target material
werelphotographs from a national magazine. No statistical evidence for
remote viewing was observed in this experiment. In a third experiment
desined to eAplore the role of feedback upon remote viewing quality, two
of Our viewers produced independently significant evidence for remote
viewing. A number of speculations are offered as to possible mechanisms
including real-time data acquisition and global precognition with noise
reduction.
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I INTRODUCTION (U)
.!-Since 1973, remote viewing (RV) has been observed under a wide
-
variety of different conditions. A few of many possible examples are
coordinate RV* (targeting by geographical coordinates),' beacon RV (known
person at the remote site),2 abstract targeting (targeting by the word
"target" or by a random number or binary number),3 and targeting by remote
tasking, in which the task is sealed in an envelope which is
geographically isolated from the viewer. To first order, all of these
(and more) have been demonstrated successfully in laboratory,
conditions.
The main difficulty in trying to understand the various
successes of RV from a fundamental point of view is that RV appears to
require a large number of basic theories to explain the variety of
observables. How is it possible to describe access to remote information
with a single unifying concept when the target has been specified by a
complex series of random events, separated in time and space, and these
events are completely unknown to the viewer? This problem has been one of
the main sources of criticism about the existence of RV, in that nothing
else in nature appears to have such properties. (It is beyond the scope
of this report to argue this point. It suffices to say that most of the
great advances in science contributed to the organization and
understanding of seemingly unrelated data. The ultraviolet catastrophe
and early atomic spectra are but two examples of the confusion prior to
the understanding provided by early quantum theory.)
(U) SRI has been developing a heuristic model of psychoenergetic functioning4 that has
the potential of providing some understanding of the RV confusion described above. It is based
upon a concept called precognition. Since the 1930s, the parapsychology literature has been
reporting experiments that claim to demonstrate the existence of precognition--remote viewing
of target material that had not been specified at the time of the viewing. As yet, there is not a
meta?analysis of this literature, but there is a review of the experimental support for
(U) References may be found at the end of this report.
1
IA1
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II METHOD OF APPROACH (U)
A. (U) Real-Time vs. Precognition Experiment
(U) During FY 1987, SRI conducted two experiments to examine the effects of target
generation time in RV data acquisition. The first of these was with a selected viewer using natural
locations within 30 minutes driving time from SRI as target material. In the other experiment,
four experienced viewers used photographs from the National Geographic Magazine as target
material. In both experiments the time of target generation (before or after the RV session) was
unknown to either viewers or monitors.
1. (U) T,he Beacon RV Series
(U) To examine the role of target generation upon out-bound RV experiments, SRI
asked an experienced viewer (Viewer 372) to participate in a 20-trial series. Viewer 372 has
been calibrated in this particular task in that he/she has demonstrated significant RV
performance in all (2) of the beacon experiments conducted at SRI.11. 12 Furthermore, Viewer
372 has expressed strong preference for this type of experiment rather than those that use
photographs as targets.
The target material consisted of 66 natural outdoor
locations within a half-hour's drive of SRI. The sites were selected on
the basis of the past performance of Viewer 372. Thus, the target
selection criteria allowed sites that would be more difficult for novice
viewers. The intent was to produce a target pool with a variety of
different material. For Viewer 372, the variety could be architectural
(and other details) as well as general gestalt features.
a. (U) Protocol
(U) The viewer and the monitor were blind to both the target pool and the
individual target selections. At the beginning of each trial, the viewer and monitor were
sequestered in the RV laboratory. The assistant then selected the target generation time and, if
appropriate, the target site. The target selection time for each trial was determined according to
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III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (U)
A. (U) Real?Time vs. Precognition Experiments
1. (U) The Beacon RV Series
(U) Table 1 shows the results of the 20?session beacon RV series.
Table 1
(U) RESULTS FOR VIEWER 372
Condition
Trace
p-value
Real-time
45.5
0.154
Precognition
51.5
0.638
-
Overall, no condition met the criteria for statistical significance. For Viewer 372, this represents
the first time at SRI that a series has not met statistical significance out of four attempts (counting
each condition as a separate attempt). Given Viewer 372's track record, we allow for some
speculation as to possible reasons for the results of this series.
4
'Viewer 372 first participated in a six-trial RV experiment
in FY 1980. That study produced four first place matches and two second
place matches for a combined p-value of 0.003.11 His/her second
participation was in FY 1986. when twelve beacon RV trials were conducted
with an overall p-value of 0.007.12 Combined with the two efforts in FY
1987 (see Table 1) the average p-value is 0.201. Using an exact
calculation,18 the probability of observing an average p-value of 0.201 in
4 experiments is 0.017. This is consistent with a minimum p-value (0.003)
technique"' which yields 0.012.
There are at least two possible hypotheses for this
experiment not reaching significance. The first (and most likely one) is
given by Utts.18 If one is willing to estimate a "hit" rate given that RV
10
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4.
is real, then it is possible to calculate the probability of observing a
significant study. While it is difficult to ascertain the actual "hit"
rate for RV, Utts provides an estimate for a similar process--Ganzfeld.
For a 10-trial study the probability of observing a significant result is
only 15%. (MCE is 5%, of course.)
:Secondly, a new variable was introduced by the nature of
the protocol. The time between the remote viewing and the feedback was
greater than two hours. This represents an order of magnitude increase
over our other experiments. The influence of this increase is currently
unknown.
2. The T,arget Photograph Series
1 Table 2 shows the results of the four-viewer real-time vs.
precognition experiment. Based on the sum of ranks and their associated
p-values, there was no significant evidence of RV in this series.
Table 2
(U) REAL-TIME VS. PRECOGNITION RESULTS *
View Cond.
er
Real-time
Precognition
All
Trials
rt/pc
009
57
(0.375)
62
(0.625)
119
(0.482)
15/15
105
61
(0.905)
51
(0.473)
112
(0.797)
13/13
177
32
(0.283)
46
(0.415)
78
(0.275)
9/12
454
70
(0.912)
68
(0.862)
138
(0.954)
15/15
Totals
220
(0.203)
227
(0.472)
447
(0.179)
52/55
-r
*(U) Sum-of-ranks (p-value)
e-
, Based on the past performance (in real-time RV) of these
particular viewers, the results are disappointing. Yet, because of their
record, we speculate upon possible reasons why this experiment did not
reach significance.
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4 'As described above, an estimate (provided by Utts") of the
probability of a significant 10-15 trail RV series is approximately 15%.
Yet it remains surprising that no significant series was observed in eight
attempts.
4-----A possible problem is that this particular experiment was
conducted after the successful tachistoscope experiment (described below).
That experiment required 40 trials from each viewer. Since this
experiment required 30 trails from each viewer, a given viewer had to
produce 70 remote viewings in approximately 80 days.
?
In summary, then, we were unable to demonstrate a
significant RV phenomenon in the real-time vs. precognition experiments.
Considering the vast amount of data in the literature that claim the
existence of .precognition, we recommend that the study should be continued
at a later date.
B. (1.) The Tachistoscope Experiment
(U) Table 3 shows the sum of ranks and associated p?values for the tachistoscope
feedback experiment.
Table 3
(U) TACHISTOSCOPE FEEDBACK EXPERIMENT*
Viewer
Result
009
131
(0.012)-
105
182
(0.962)
137
159
(0.484)
177
104
r6)
(3.5x10
(U) Sum-of-ranks (p-value)
Viewers 009 and 177 produced independently significant
results. There are a number of ways in which we could combine these data,
but the most conservative is a binomial calculation assuming an event
probability of 0.05. Two successes in four trials corresponds to an exact
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----)
p-Value of 0.014. A more realistic estimate is provided by a minimum
p-value (3.5 x 10-6) technique which yields 1.4 x 10-4." The important
point, however, is that this experiment produced strong evidence for an
informational anomaly.
Figures 3 and 4 show RV quality (1 is low, 7 is high) plotted
against intensity of the feedback for Viewers 009 and 177, respectively.
Shown also is the regression line for each viewer. These figures are to
be compared to Figure 2, the idealized expectations. The result that is
easiest to understand in Figure 2 is the positive correlation showing
increased RV performance with increased feedback intensity. We did not
observe any such correlation with either of the significant viewers. In
fact, the linear correlation coefficients were not significant.
rww?irThe
-madiur lack of positive correlation in the light of significant
-
evidence of RV complicates the interpretation considerably. The most
obvious conclusion is that the viewers obtained their data in real time
and, not from the later feedback. But, if the argument posited in Section
I is correct (that precognition is unfalsifiable), then the experiment was
doomed to failure from the start. Another equally likely hypothesis is
that the underlying assumption that cognitive awareness constitutes
feedback information is incorrect. If this were true, we would expect to
see no correlation with intensity even if the precognition model were
correct.
Viewer 177s average sum of ranks was significantly (p < 0.02)
greater than his/her sum of ranks in the real-time vs. precognition
experiment. Viewer 009 produced a strong and similar trend that obtained
a probability against chance of 0.08. Assuming these differences are
meaningful, we can speculate that something in the tachistoscope
experiment resulted in a significant noise reduction. Possibly, short
expOsures to feedback material allow the viewer to focus only upon the
majOr items and thus reduce the noise--the precognition model is assumed
here. In any event, continuing this experiment would shed light on the
difficult feedback interpretation problem.
13
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O.
0
Ot
??
MD
11.
?
...a ?
? ? ?
L........:..2....102
...,,,I.z.2.. j
. ? ?
? ? .
-
a 1 0 0 0
2000
Intensity
3000 4000
(.711111100""')
FIGURE 4 (U) RV QUALITY VS. FEEDBACK INTENSITY: VIEWER 177
15
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Final Report
December 1982
REVISED JULY 1983
A REMOTE VIEWING EVALUATION PROTOCOL (U)
Intr. rnatinna
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333 Ravenswood Ave. . Menlo Park, CA 94025
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This document consists of 48 pages.
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ampimmimmmimmi
(U)
the transcripts in order of the best to least match for each of the n
targets. A simple numerical counting procedure is then used to estimate
the likelihood that the judge's transcript/target,matches are by chance
alone.2 This early technique contained little systematic structure for
determining the final order of matches.
The first step toward systematizing the rank order judging
OW'
procedure was to preprocess the raw data in the transcript by "concep-
tualizing" both the verbal and the pictorial responses.
Conceptualizing
a transcript requires an analyst to paraphrase the transcript into a list
of coherent statements. This concept list is then compared and scored
concept-by-concept to each of the targets in the experiment. The resulting
scores are'averaged for each response, and all responses are rank-ordered
on the basis of these scores.2 This improved analysis procedure was applied
to a number of experiments within the Technology Transfer Task4111111111111_
w
(U) The problem with the above technique is that there are no guide-
lines as to how the analyst should paraphrase the transcript; furthermore,
the method in which the concepts are to be assessed against the targets
remains undefined. The purpose of the Evaluation Task in FY 1982 was to
identify a procedure that corrected these deficiencies.
3 __-
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IV CONCLUSIONS (U)
'A protocol has been developed to address the relative evaluation
portion of the overall RV transcript assessment problem. As a demonstra-
tion of the technique, we provide in Appendix A an analysis of a series
of four remote viewings that were performed as calibrations
In this series the remote
viewing products were of relatively high quality, but nonetheless require
a sensitive technique to differentiate because of the similarity of the
targets and, hence, of the descriptions. (The series was chosen primarily
for that reason.) Application of the assessment technique resulted in
the correct: blind matching (highest scoring in matches versus cross
Matches) of three of the four.
(U) Appendix B is a one page, step-by-step procedure for the
application of this evaluation technique.
(U) The material in this document thus constitutes an instruction
manual or protocol for application of a step-by-step procedure for quan-
titative assessment of the relative target/transcript correlations of a
series of transcripts matched into a series of targets.
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(..
On 14 December 1981, four coordinate remote viewings were con-
ducted as calibrations during all remote viewing session tar-
geted
`6111,
sites of interest. '
?MIL
These four calibrations were
chosen as a test bed for the evaluation procedure for the following
reasons, (1) they were conducted in an appropnit-fe. setting, and (2) the
targets had many similar features, and would thus provide a sensitive
test of the protocol.
Figures A-1 through A-4 are the transcripts that were presented
to the analyst. They are exactly as they were when collected, except that
the coordinates have been removed. Figures A-5 through A-8 are the
National Geographic magazine targets that were used during the calibration
sessions. Finally, the task coordinator provided Tables A-1 through A-4
as target element relevance scales for the four targets in Figures A-5
through A-8. This completes the information that was given to the analyst,
and thus the analysis was carried out blind as to the matching target/
transcript pairs.
(U) Table A-5 is a compilation of the completed work sheets that
were used by the analyst in this evaluation. They are shown in groups
by session number, and alphabetized on the four targets. (The task
coordinator first randomized the transcript order then assigned the session
number used above.)
For each of the transcripts, the analyst simply
included all phrases and all drawings as concepts. For example, seven
concepts were found during Session 2.
(U) All concepts were then analyzed as described in the text. The
matching target element, its relevance rating, and the computed score are
shown for all possible combinations of transcript/target pairs in Table
A-5. The score distributions and their resulting weighted averages are
also shown in Table A-5.
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IV CONCLUSIONS (U)
A protocol has been developed to address the relative evaluation
portion of the overall RV transcript assessment problem. As a demonstra-
tion of the technique, we provide in the following Appendix an analysis
of a series of four remote viewings that were performed as calibrations
In this series the
remote viewing products were of relatively high quality, but nonetheless
require a sensitive technique to differentiate because of the similarity
of the targets and, hence, of the descriptions. (The series was chosen
primarily for that reason.) Application of the assessment technique
resulted in the correct blind matching (highest scoring in matches versus
cross matches) of three of the four.
(U) The material in this document thus constitutes an instruction
manual or protocol for application of a step-by-step procedure for quan-
titatiVe assessment of the relative target/transcript correlations of a
series of transcripts matched into a series of targets.
11
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1
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.??????
4
On 14 December 1981, four coordinate remote viewings were con-
ducted as calibrationsi
These four calibrations were
chosen as a test bed for the evaluation procedure for the following
appeArKori
reasons, (1) they were conducted in an -------k setting, and (2) the
targets had many similar features, and would thus provide a sensitive
test of the protocol.
Figures A-1 through A-4 are the transcripts that were presented
to the analyst. They are exactly as they were when collected, except that
the coordinates have been removed. Figures A-5 through A-8 are the
National Geographic magazine targets that were used during the calibration
sessions. Finally, the task coordinator provided Tables A-1 through A-4
as target element relevance scales for the four targets in Figures A-5
through A-8. This completes the information that was given to the analyst,
and thus the analysis was carried out blind as to the matching target/
transcript pairs.
(U) Table A-5 is a compilation of the completed work sheets that
were used by the analyst in this evaluation. They are shown in groups
by session number, and alphabetized on the four targets. (The task
coordinator first randomized the transcript order then assigned the session
number used above.) For each of the transcripts, the analyst simply
included all phrases and all drawings as concepts. For example, seven
concepts were found during Session 2.
(U) All concepts were then analyzed as described in the text. The
matching target element, its relevance rating, and the computed score are
shown for all possible combinations of transcript/target pairs in Table
A-5. The score distributions and their resulting weighted averages are
also shown in Table A-5.
13
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'rytertiational
Final Report
Covering the Period October 1982 to September 1983
FREE WORLD PSYCHOENERGETICS
RESEARCH SURVEY (U)
C
SRI Project 4028-2
or Re lea?932F9a94agg7A;PA-RIDR9
November
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I INTRODUCTION (u)
4 This study is an overview of psychoenergetics research ef-
forts in those Free-World countries that have published articles in the
open literature. The data are restricted to foreign work and are derived
from a comprehensive survey of eight major parapsychological journals,
spanning a period from 1972 until the present. Two hundred and thirty-
three articles were evaluated and computerized in a Data Base Management
System (DBMS) according to six major topics or keywords and 16 subtopics
that were chosen specifically to reflect those areas considered to be of
principal interest The six principal
topic hedlngs may be understood in general terms according to the fol-
lowing set of definitions:
? Remote Sensing: The acquisition and description, by mental
means, of information blocked from ordinary perception by dis-
tance or shielding, and generally believed to be secure against
such access.*
? Remote Action: The production of physical effects, such as the
perturbation of instrumentation or equipment that appears to be
well shielded against, or otherwise inaccessible to, human
influence.*
? Reliability/Screening: Spans a wide range of prescriptive,
methodological experiments or experimental protocols; also in-
cludes studies involved in the identification of correlates
(e.g., physiological, psychological, and so forth) that may en-
hance psychoenergetic functioning and/or facilitate the selection
of talented subjects.
? Theoretical Models: Various paradigms and plausibility arguments,
which have been advanced within physics and other disciplines
that endeavor to explain observed phenomena.
? Healing: The ability of an agent to cure illness or to influence
positively the physical state of a biological system.
(U) H. E. Puthoff, R. Targ, and E. C. May, "Psychoenergetic Research:
Suggested Approaches," SRI White Paper, SRI International, Menlo Park,
CA (1 May 1978), SRI Proprietary.
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4
? Miscellaneous: Encompasses all topics that were determined to
possess little or no immediate' interest (e.g.,
"hauntings," detection of the human aura, and so forth).
(U) Table 1 provides a summary listing of the Free-World countries
(and their respective research facilities) that have published articles
in the open literature for a given topic. This table should be examined
with the attendant caveats that (1) no evaluation of the quality of any
published research was undertaken for the purposes of this study and
(2) a given article may have been counted more than once if it had been
determined that its principal research objectives encompassed more than
one major topic.
(11) By way of summation, the following observations may be derived
from a general analysis of Table 1, and by further utilizing the sub-
keyword capabilities of the DBMS:
? England and The Netherlands published equivalent numbers of
articles on the topic of "remote sensing," followed by West
Germany. The following represents a distribution of articles
according to remote sensing subtopics (Table 2).
? The Netherlands, West Germany, and Scotland, respectively, are
indicated as performing the majority of the research in "remote
action." The distribution of interest with regard to the sub-
topics within this major category is as follows (Table 3).
? The Netherlands, England, and Scotland, respectively, represent
the primary investigators of techniques both for enhancing the
reliability of psychoenergetic functioning and/or for identifying
talented subjects. Within the major category of reliability and
screening, the published articles for these three countries may
be further subdivided into the following distribution of specific
subtopics (Table 4).
? West Germany and England, followed by The Netherlands and
Scotland, respectively, have advanced the greatest number of
published theories and models. These may be further delineated
according to the following subtopics (Table 5).
? Very little work has been published on "healing" in this par-
ticular selection of journals; this is not to conclude that this
kind of research categorically is not occurring, but that it may
be published elsewhere in a different genre of periodical.
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(U) Second, the article had to have indicated the foreign facility
at which the published research was performed, in order for the article
to have been counted as "foreign." The reason for this criterion, of
course, is that American parapsychologists publish in foreign journals,
and foreign parapsychologists publish in American journals; an accurate
assessment of foreign work, therefore, cannot be obtained by simply sur-
veying the foreign journals. The advantage of this procedure is that,
for this study, U.S. publications could be reliably excluded from the
data base. The disadvantage was that valid foreign research was also
rejected from the data base--if the facility at which the research was
performed was not listed in the article.
B. (U) Keyword System Development
The computerized article keywording system was developed
specifically to address those topics deemed to be of primary interest
k The keywords, themselves, were chosen to
reflect the principal areas i %in psychoenergetics,
as determined from previous U ?
studies. By applying this set
of keywords, then, to the Free-World data base, a primary overview of
Free-World facilities involved in similar or commensurate researcht
t As has been mentioned pre-
viously, it was not within the scope of this document to evaluate the
efficacy of all of the research efforts in the Free-World countries
but merely
to highlight the principal Free-World tacilities that are researching
those areas in psychoenergetics that are of primary interest
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c. (U) Keyword System Application
(U) For the purposes of this study, the articles were sorted ac-
cording to (1) the six major keyword headings, only, for the presenta-
tion of data pertaining to all countries (cf, Section 3, "Data" below);
and (2) further subtopic classifications for a chosen subset of the
Free-World countries (cf, Section I, "Introduction" above). Table 6
provides ,the operative definitions for the major keywords and their
respective subtopics.
In addition to query capability on subtopics within a given
major topic, combinations of major and subtopic keywords may be utilized
across topics to satisfy relatively specific query requirements. For
example, a keyword combination of "Remote Action," "Micro," "Reliability/
Screening," and "fhysiological Correlates" would typically select out
articles from the data base that dealt with experiments in random-number
generator psychokinesis, during which aspects of the subject's physio-
logical state (e.g., galvanic skin response) were monitored.
(U) In conclusion, there are three principal advantages to the
current design of the keywording system in particular, and the DBMS in
general, in that they allow (1) continual expansion of data and modes of
data classification; (2) "horizontal" surveying capability across, for
example, many countries or topics; and (3) "vertical" in-depth surveying
capability through increasingly finer topic discriminators,
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Table 6
(U) OPERATIVE DEFINITIONS OF MAJOR KEYWORDS
Major Keyword
Subtopic Keyword
Remote Sensing--The acquisition
Precognition: acquisition of
information about an event prior
to the occurrence of the event
Altered States: psi modalities in
the Ganzfeld, lucid dreams,
hypnosis, and so forth
Dowsing or biophysical effort
(BPE)
Remote viewing (RV)
and description, by mental means,
of information blocked from
ordinary perception by distance
or shielding, and generally
believed to be secure against
such access
Remote Action--The production of
Micro: interactive effects produced
at the molecular or atomic levels
Macro: effects or perturbations
typically observable without the
aid of instrumentation
Biological: production of
measurable changes of state in
biological systems
physical effects, such as the
perturbation of instrumentation
or equipment that appears to be
well shielded against, or
otherwise inaccessible to, human
influence
Reliability/Screening--Spans a
Methodology
Physiological Correlates
Psychological Correlates
Perceptual Correlates
Physical Correlates
wide range of prescriptive,
methodological experiments or
experimental protocols; also
includes studies involved in the
identification of correlates that
may enhance psychoenergetic
functioning and/or facilitate the
selection of talented subjects
Theoretical Models--Various
Mathematical/Physical
Psychological
Philosophical
Physiological
paradigms and plausibility
arguments advanced within physics
and other disciplines that
endeavor to explain observed
phenomena
Healing--The ability of an agent
No subtopics as yet implemented
to cure illness or to positively
influence the physical state of a
biological system
20
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For Release 2001/
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: CIA-RDP9 -00789R003200160001-9
Quarterly Progress Report
Covering the Period 1 October to 31 December 1979
SRI International Project 7560
NIC TECHNIQUES (U)
For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-R0p96-0078
/KOMMW111.
1
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of 29 pages.
--1/1
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LI
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333 Ravenswood Ave. ? Menlo Park. California 9
ii 2S-6.100 ? Cable: SRI INTL MPK ? TWX: 910-373-1246
Approved For Release 20q1103107 : CIA-RDP9 -00789R003200160001-9
raw data, all of them equally likely under the null hypothesis that the
viewer's remote viewing attempts produce nothing but vague and general
descriptions and/or occasional chance correspondences with various target
sites. Each matrix has its associated sum on the matrix diagonal corre-
sponding to a possible alignment of targets.
The significance level for ?the experiment is then determined by
counting the number of possible matrices that would yield a result
(diagonal sum) equal to or better than that obtained for the matrix
corresponding to the key, and dividing by n: This ratio gives the
probability of obtaining by chance a result equal to or better than that
obtained in the actual judging process. For the results shown in Table
2 in the body of the report, for example, we find, by direct computer
count of the 5: matrices obtained by interchanging columns, that the
probability of obtaining equal or better matching by chance is
p = l/5: = 0.0083.
28
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1- -
[Z;11 For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-77-007897200160001-9
Final Report?Objective E, Task 1 December 1987
Covering the Period 1 October 1985 to 30 September 1987
POSSIBLE PHOTON PRODUCTION DURING
A REMOTE VIEWING TASK:
A REPLICATION EXPERIMENT (U)
By:
(-....,
Prepared for:
SRI Project 1291
Approved by:
ApJAa4(21?.4.2?Opie
T is document consists of 19 page
6.1)4834
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333 Ravenswood Avenue ? Menlo Taltforna 25 ? U.S.A.
'tIPK ? T'.1.'Y q111.-177.-6
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ABSTRACT (U)
Attempting to verify a claim by the Chinese that light is
emitted in the vicinity of correctly identified remote viewing (RV) target
material, we repeated an experiment first published in FY 1984. In that
earlier experiment, a state-of-the-art, ambient temperature, photon
counting system was used to monitor the target material (35-mm slides of
National Geographic Magazine photographs). The statistical measure derived
from the photon counting apparatus in that study showed a significant
positive correlation with the RV results (p 1400 sq. ft. area (37.5 X 37.5 ft) was designated
as the potential target area. For each trial, a small hand?size object was chosen (e.g., a
calculator) then placed somewhere in the conference room?the location was determined by
entry into a random number generator for x?y coordinates on a 20 x 20 unit grid.
(U) A total of 50 trials, 25 in each of two conditions (labeled I and II), was carried
out with an experienced SRI RVer (#688) as search percipient. The RVer was in the RV
chamber on the third floor of the Radio Physics Laboratory (RPL); the target area was a
locked and guarded, nonoccupied conference room on the ground floor of the RPL.
1. (U) Condition I
(U) In Condition 1, for each trial, an experimenter (El) places an object at a
location in the target room (determined by random number generator), then remains outside
the target room as a guard. A few minutes later, at a previously?agreed?upon time,
Experimenter E2, who is kept blind as to the object's location, has the RVer indicate his
assessment of the object's location. The RVer places a mark on a piece of paper containing
a single blank square to represent the target room. At the end of the trial, the RVer turns
? 9 ?
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The goal of the present effort is to research the literature, then perform
laboratory experimentation to determine whether, and to what degree, such functioning is a
viable candidate for application% This includes determining
the best methods and efficiencies of various search techniques, and the appropriate statistical
analyses for evaluating results.
B. (U) Search Categories
Search tasks fall into two broad categories of effort?continuum and
discrete. In the "continuum" search category, a target of interest is typically to be located
on a continuum area map, such as a topographical map or navigational chart(
k For this category, the target/response distances and circular
error probabilities (CEPs) constitute the statistics of interest in evaluation.
In the "discrete" search category, a target of interest is associated with a
discrete number of possibilities
For this category, the appropriate statistic of
interest in the evaluation of a series of location attempts is a comparison against the simple
binomial statistic of the probability of obtaining an observed R hits in N trials, by chance.
? 3 ?
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A. (U) General
II INTRODUCTION (U)
is a claimed ability in the
broad field of psychoenergetic functioning; namely, the ability to search for and locate water,
oil, minerals, objects, individuals, sites of archaeological significance, and so forth. This
ability can be contrasted to the related psychoenergetic ability "remote viewing," in the
following manner. In remote viewing, the RVer is given location information (coordinates,
"beacon" agent, picture), and (RV) asked to provide data on target contenA
in "search," the RVer is given information on target content, then asked to provide
location data (e.g., position on a map). The two functions are thus complimentary to each
other.
(U) The ability to locate targets is most often referred to as "dowsing" in the Western
literature, and "biophysical effect (BPE)" in the Soviet/East Bloc literature. In this report,
we shall refer to such techniques simply as "search." Although much of the literature is
anecdotal,* attempts to quantify the ability and to determine its mechanisms have been
pursued.t
*(U) For the most comprehensive and authoritative survey of the claims for dowsing, see
Christopher Bird, The Divining Hand, E. P. Dutton, New York, NY (1979).
t(U) See, for example, papers published by Z. V. Harvalik, beginning 1970, in The
American Dowser, the journal of the American Society of Dowsers, (Harvalik is the
? 2 --
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I OBJECTIVE (U)
liThe objective of this effort at SRI International is to investigate a
particular aspect of psychoenergetic phenomena called Target Search. This search technique
is designed to determine the location of objects, individuals, and facilities where the potential
target area can range from room? to global?sized dimensions.
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3. (U) CAS Against Real Targets (Application) 23
G. 'Controlled Long?Distance Test of "Agent/
Building Search, Facility Level (Continuum) 24
1. (U) Long?Distance "Agent" Search 24
2. (U) Long?Distance "Building" Search 26
V (U) Summary 28
A. (U) Overview 28
B. (U) Focus of Investigation 28
C. (U) Recommendations for Follow?On Actions 29
? Ill ?
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CONTENTS (U)
(U) LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS iv
(U) LIST OF TABLES iv
I (U) OBJECTIVE 1
II (U) INTRODUCTION 2
A. (U) General 2
B. .(U) Search Categories 3
III (U) METHOD OF APPROACH 4
Continuum Search--Statistical Approach 4
. (U) Discrete Search?Statistical Approach 5
A. (U)
V (U) EXPERIMENTAL
A. (U) General
B. c Simulation of "Bug" Search (Continuum)
1. (U) Condition I
2. (U) Condition II
C.;
t Simulation of "Agent" Search, Facility Level
-(Continuum)
9
9
9
9
10
D. ) Simulation of "Agent"/Facility Search (Continuum). 12
E. (U) Binary Search (Discrete/Continuum) 13
F. (U) Computer Assisted Search (CAS) 21
1. (U) Basic Investigation (Simulation) 21
2. (U) Location of Real?World Targets (Known) 22
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Final Report
Covering the Period 15 November 1983 to 15 December 1984
TARGET SEARCH TECHNIQUES (U)
\ Approved by:
J
December 1984
SRI Project 6601
Coey?Nrr--43-
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I 1 I NI I I I I I IlL\
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The Stage IV proficiency demonstrated in the com-
pletion series has been maintained by the trainee as work has begun on
Stage VI; this provides additional evidence that a stable performance level
on S-IV characteristics has been achieved.
B. (U) Trainee Evaluation
'Other than the training monitor (#002), Viewer #059
is the first to complete S-IV training. Although previous training stages
(S-I through had been pretested with other trainees, the desire 1
Vo move ahead expeditiously with training of this particular
candidate dictated a reversal of the usual development procedure. This
candidate thus provided our first research data on S-IV technology transfer,
which turned out to be of exceptionally high quality. Until subsequent
individuals have completed S-IV training, there is not a substantial body
of work for comparison. Nonetheless, it should be stated for the record
that this trainee exhibited the least of difficulties in assimilating the
materials, as compared with the progress of trainees in general, and as
compared with the training monitor's own progress through S-IV in particular.
In addition, Trainee #059 exhibited a high professional demeanor throughout
the training, and applied himself at all times with the utmost stamina and
acumen. Taking these factors together, Trainee #059 was a model trainee,
and thus his profile constitutes an important data point with regard to
trainee selection.
C. (U) Recommendations for Follow-On Actions
(U) Given the quality of response to S-IV training of Trainee #059,
two recommendations for follow-on actions are offered:
(1) The trainee should continue in the training in
order to incorporate additional skills available
in the remaining stages.
(2) Given that detailed authentication of the S-IV
skills transfer (e.g., by extensive double-blind
testing), was beyond the time/funding scope of
the present effort, it is recommended that, in
parallel with training, the client enlist the
r-
21
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IV EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS (U)
A. (U) Completion Indicators
(U) Completion of a stage is signalled by (1) essentially flawless
control of session structure while generating the required elements for
that stage, and (2) production of a sequence of at least five site
descriptions whose content/quality meets the requirements for that stage.
As indicated earlier, in Stage IV training, the
viewer is required to provide information culminating in not only a
description of the site, but correct identification of the function as
well. These requirements were met by Viewer #059 in his final series,
Trials 22 through 26. The results are summarized in Table 3 below, as
well as in representative Figures 7 through 9.
Table 3
(U) STAGE IV COMPLETION TRIALS 22 THROUGH 26
Session/Trial
Site
Response
27/22
St. Patrick's Cathedral,
New York, NY
Calle_d a "church," with
phonetic of "saint"
28/23
West Virginia University,
Morgantown, WV
Called "school feeling"
29/24
FMC chemical plant,
Newark, CA
Called "chemical factory"
30/25
Romic hazardous waste
Called "waste treatment
storage plant,
Palo Alto, CA
plant"
31/26
Stanford Linear Accelerator
Called "linear accelerator,"
Stanford, CA
named "Stanford Linear
Accelerator"
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(u)
the primary source of "hard" information that in most instances appears to
result in the decoding of site function.
To
-
To give some indication of progress through the series,
we examine here some specific cases. For Trial 2, the site was a hospital;
the trainee accumulated a total of 161 data bits in two sessions before
identifying the site as a hospital. By Session 12 (Trial 8, Cape Kennedy),
the difficulty in maintaining functional reliability while acquiring the
new skills (corresponding to the expected performance-curve dip of Figure 2)
surfaced in the form that 249 elements were required before site identifi-
cation occurred (site named by name).
By Session 25 (Trial 20), the power-generating func-
---
tion of Kariba Dam was identified after only 57 data bits, with another
seven data bits furnishing the phonetic "kirib" for a total of 64 data
bits. It was also noted during this viewing that the viewer spontaneousl)
experienCed not only an expressed desire to three-dimensionally "model"
the site, but the emergence of phonetics, both attributes of the higher
stages (p-vi and S-VII, respectively). This we took as indicators of
readiness for advancement to the following stages.
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Table 2
(U) DATA-BIT DISTRIBUTION,
S-IV TRAINING SERIES, TRAINEE #059
Session/
S-I thru S-IV
Basic Elements
(Ideograms,
Sketches, etc.)
Post-Stage IV Onset Channels
Sensations and
Dimensional
References
Feeling
Tones
Physical/
Functional
Details
Analytical
Overlay
Lines
Total
Number of
Trial
S-I thru S-III
S-IV
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Data Bits
1/1
35
11
22
17
2
1
18
14
8
1
129
2/2
34
17
5
2
13
9
9
2
3
3/2
29
16
5
1
8
3
3
1
1J
161
4/3
36
3
22
11
5
2
9
5
3
96
5/4
14
2
22
15
2
11
10
11
6
2
95
6
Abort (error in coordinate reading)
-
7
Abort (trainee medical problem)
-
8
Abort (error in coordinate reading)
-
9/5
32
3
28
11
3
2
14
5
5
103
10/6
18
2
12
6
2
3
16
12
5
?76
11/7
71
2
10
9
3
6
14
6
8
129
12/8
40
15
32
20
14
20
43
34
29
2
249
13/9
26
16
16
8
10
9
21
24
7
1
138
14/10
16
4
24
8
7
7
27
13
6
112
15/11
30
5
10
8
1
10
2
2
1
69
16/12
25
9
13
7
2
11
18
22
5
1
113
17/13
38
9
13
16
2
12
11
101
18
Abort (error in coordinate reading)
-
19/14
36
20
35
13
3
8
7
5
11
138
20/15
44
13
9
14
1
14
6
101
21/16
53
3
1
1
1
1
6
2
68
22/17
28_
.
28
23/18
27
19
13
11
1
16
20
3
1
III
24/19
38
21
21
20
1
4
20
12
5
142
25/20
18
13
9
5
1
7
11
64
26/21
16
10
15
18
2
14
5
1
81
27/22
33
7
10
2
4
2
15
73
28/23
16
7
7
1
4
7
3
2
1
48
29/24
12
13
25
9
4
8
15
4
1
91
30/25
17
4
15
3
2
9
4
2
56
31/26
27
14
14
10
5
7
10
10
7
104
14
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260
240 ,
220
200'
0'0 0-025
PO-
111 2 6
11/022
10 1 14 1
11;11P.l. NUtA0Eft 24
STAGS 1110114G PERFOrNOCE, kftVer
fIGOfte 6
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c i
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B. (U) Trainee #059 Response to Stage IV Training
4
h Trainee #059 began S-IV training during the second
week of December 1983, and completed the requirements for S-IV on
22 March 1984. Thirty-one (31) S-IV training sessions were conducted with
this trainee. With four sessions aborted for various reasons, and with
one site requiring two sessions to complete, the 31 sessions provided a
total of twenty-six (26) completed trials. The session particulars,
including date/time, site, and coordinates, are listed in the Appendix.
The types of sites that must be identified include churches, hospitals,
dams, ruins, power plants, art galleries, libraries,1
schools, airports,
caverns, observatories, k ,and accelerators.
A record of the total number of data bits generated
for each site (number of ideograms, sketches, sensations, dimensional
references, feeling tones, physical or functional details, and analytical
overlays) is given, trial by trial, in Figure 6. A given session had as
many as 249 separate elements (Trial 8), or as few as 28 (Trial 17). In
general, the end point of a session was recognition of the site's primary
function. Although site complexity was increased as the series progresse
the number of data bits actually required (before site recognition)
decreased on the average (p < 0.025) as proficiency with the S-IV tech-
niques was acquired--an expected outcome.
(U) The data-bit distribution among the various categories tracked
in S-IV training is shown, trial by trial, in Table 2. The first column
tallies the number of ideograms, sketches, and the like, generated in
the initial S-I through S-III process, the second column tallies additiol
elements of this type generated after the S-IV process has begun. The
remaining eight columns tally the number of data bits generated for each
of the S-IV channels of interest. (More specific channel labels have be
passed to the client under separate cover; the specificity is protected
to prevent premature disclosure to prospective trainees.) It is con-
sidered that the data bits accumulated in Channels 5 and 6 constitute
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III STAGE IV TECHNOLOGY (U)
A. (0) Overview
Whereas Stages I through III are directed toward
recognition of the overall gestalt and physical configuration of a target
site, Stage IV is designed to provide information as to function, i.e.,
as to the purpose of the activities being carried out at the site. Thus,
Stage IV viewing transcends simple physical descriptions of at is visible
to the eye, to take into account human intention. Because,'
point of view, I
\ Stage IV is considered to be the threshold for crossover
into utility.
(U) In Stages I through III, information is collected in the form o
ideograms, and their motion and feeling (S-I), sensations at the site
(S-II), and sketches that result from expanded contact with the site
(S-III). These various "carrier" signals are individual in nature, and
special techniques have been developed to handle each in turn, more or le!
in a serial fashion. Once stabilized, Stage III forms the platform upon
which an be built the more refined techniques of Stage IV.
(U) In Stage IV, the viewer is trained to accumulate data bits in
no less than eight separate categories, in parallel, in addition to pro-
cessing additional ideograms and sketches. These range from broad
categories of sensations and dimensional references, through specific
qualities (physical/technological detail, cultural ambience, and functional
significance), and includes tracking of the analytical overlay line. To
keep these separate signal lines on track requires exceptional control of
sesssion structure--an ability trained for in the lengthy SI through Sill
training period. With these elements under control, the Stage IV data-bit-
acquisition procedures can then be used to build up an interpretation as
to the site's activities and functions.
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7.__,
Z eSeeleN .10d peAwddv
Coast Guard
KangoAu- ,
v ?
Ka/T.' a-iwa
2145'
IWO JIMA
G C,F0
1 4 1 20'
Kitana-hana
? Hanare-iwa
?-?
itigasA14.a?
(j,s uribachi-yem a L. ??, A cx,--e,
fulatsu-ni
liana
1 : 250 000
0 ? 'Statute Miles
0 . z 3 Kilometres
(a) SITE
FIGURE 4 (U) IWO JIMA ISLAND
(13) RV RESPONSE
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RV RESPONSE
:a
CPYRGHT
GATEWAY ARCH, ST. LOUIS
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7
LUcC
M? ?
u) i?
< <
LAI cc
0
wz
0?
z cr
R0(airport) = 0.20. The viewer's accuracy fcq airports is computed as A(airport)= Nc/No
= 0.80. Thus in this example, we can conclude that this viewer is reasonably accomplished at
remote viewing an airport.
B. (U) Prototype Analysis System
We assume that an t anilyst has constructed a mission-dependent
universal set of elements. We further assume that there are a number of competing
interpretations of the target site in question.
1. (U) Target Templates
The first step in our prototype ;analysis system is to define templates (i.e.,
general descriptions of classes of target types) of all competing target interpretations from the
universal set of elements.
N; Exactly what the templates should represent is entirely dependent upon
what kind of information is sought. Both the underlying universal set of elements and the
templates must be constructed to be rich enough to allow for the encoding of all the information
That is, if neither the set of elements nor the templates can meaningfully
represent information about& --tke -Part3e--1- then it will be unreasonable to consider
asking, ' rev,itim cpc.srfoxis abA4 the site. Furthermore, a certain
amount of atomization is necessary because such division into small units provides the potential
for interactions within the universal set of elements. If the profile of a ETfacility consists of a
single element, the template would be useless unless the response directly stated that particular
element; rather, the profile should be constructed from groups of elemental features
1, There are two different ways to generate target templates. The most
-
straightforward technique is also likely to be the most unreliable, because it relies on the analyst's
judgment of a single target type. With this method, the analyst, who is familiar with the
intelligence problem at hand, simply generates membership values for elements from the
universal set of elements based upon his or her general knowledge. Given the time and
resources, the best way to generate template membership values is to encode known targets that
are closely related Each template ? is the average value
across targets, and thus is more reliable. If it is known that some targets are more
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"characteristic" of the target type than others, then a weighted average should be computed. In
symbols,
k =
(4)
where the sums are over the available targets that constitute the template, GU are the target
weights, and the ?Lk are the assigned membership values for target k.
. (U) Archival Database
A critical feature of an analysis system foil
tRV data is that along
with the current RV data to be evaluated, the individual viewer's past performance on an
element-by-element basis must also be included. For example, if a viewer has been relatively
unsuCcessful at recognizing 1 facilities, then al reference in the current data should not
contribute much in the overall analysis.
As ground truth becomes available for each session, a performance database
should be updated for each viewer to reflect the new information This database should be a
fuzzy set whose membership values for each element are the reliabilities computed from
*Equation 3.
. (U) Optimized Probability List
CThe goal of any I IIN/ analysis system is to provide an a priori
prioritized and weighted list of target possibilities that results from a single remote viewing that is
sensitive to the performance history of the viewer. Assuming that a template exists for each of
the pnssiblei interpretations, an analyst should adhere to the following protocol:
(1) Analyze the RV data by assigning a membership value (p.) for each element ittthe
universal set of elements. Each p. represents the degree to which the analYk is
convinced that the particular element is included in the response.
(2) Construct a crisp set, Re, as an a-cut of the original response set. By adopting a
threshold of 0.5, for example, then the resulting crisp set contains only those
elements that the analyst deems most likely as being present in the response.
(3) Construct an effective response set, Re, as Re = Rc U Ra, where Ra is the reliability set
drawn from the archival database.
6
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Final Report- -Objective D, Task 1 December 1986
Covering the Period 1 October 1985 to 30 September 1986
I A SUGGESTED REMOTE VIEWING
(R)i
TRAINING PROCEDURE (U)
E:=D
Prepared for:
sst
lnternationa
SRI Project 1291
Approved by:
"eallrrirr-31ktZ6?
This document consists of 86 pages.
oved For OM-AM/PAW :QtAditIP,9G6a7P47?9 ;249.g.0L1O..1-9
,A? '7g_nwm ? Cable: SRI INTL MPK ? TWX: 910-373-2046
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(4) Using this effective response set, compute an accuracy and reliability in accordance
with Equations 1 and 2. Then compute a figure?of?merit, Mi, for the jth competing
interpretations as
(5)
Mj = aj x rj .
Of course, the accuracy and reliability use the effective response set from step 3
above.
Order the Ms from largest to smallest value. Since the figures?of?merit range in value
from 0 to 1, they can be interpreted as relative probability values for each of the
alternative target possibilities.
By following such a protocol, an analyst can produce a list of target alternatives that is sensitive to
the Current remote viewing yet takes into consideration to the individual viewer's archival record.
C. (U) Partial Application of Analysis System to Existing Target Pool
(U) We have used an existing target pool (developed under a separate program) as a test
bed for the analysis system described above.
(U) Criteria for Inclusion in the Target Pool
Targets in this pool have the following characteristics:
? Each target is within an hour and a half automobile drive of SRI International.
? Each target simulates i siteI
o. interest.
? Each target fits generally within one of five functional categories: Production,
Recreation, Scientific, Storage, and Transportation.
Each target meets a consensus agreement of experienced RV monitors and
analysts about inclusion in the pool.
???
(U) The pool consists of 65 targets. Initially, they were divided into 13 groups of five
targets each, where each group contained one target from each of five functional categories. By
carefully organizing the targets in this way, the maximum possible functional difference of the
targets within each group was ensured. Table 1 shows a numerical listing of these targets.
7
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Table 1
(U) Numerical Listing of Targets
_ -.74-isformer Station
L :..L.1park
: _lite Dish
23. Space Capsule
24. Coastal Battery
25. Bay Area Rapid Transit
45. Pump Station
46. Ice Plant
47. Caves/Cliffs
- 7-:apons Storage
26. Salt Refinery
48. Bevatron
S i.val Fleet
27. Candlestick Park
49. Barn
t. -_-vel Quarry
28. Solar Observatory
50. Golden Gate Bridge
- _zmming Pool
29. Food Terminal
51. Modern Windmills
E. :ervatory
30. Pedestrian Overpass
52. Baylands Nature Preserve
31. Electrical Plant
53. Gas Plant
1C-_:_--.ping and Receivir.i
32. White Plaza
54. Auto Wreckers
1: 1---=enhouse
33. Space Shuttle
55. Fishing Fleet
1: 7-z---c Area
34. Coastal Battery
56. Radio Towers
12 L.L.elite Dishes
35. Train Terminal
57. Vineyard
1z =-Lzr Warehouse
36. Sawmill
58. Pharmaceutical Laboratory
15 z-zti Air Station
37. Pond
59. Toxic Waste Storage
16 1._:::_r Refinery
38. Wind Tunnel
60. Airport
17 7.:. :sound
39. Grain Terminal
61. Car Wash
18 -Larium
40. Submarine
62. Old Windmill
19 1-....:n Yard
41. Cogeneration Plant
63. Nuclear Accelerator
20 --_-_-a ft
42. Park
64. Reservoir
21 "..x._-.12e Treatment Plara
43. Linear Accelerator
65. Train Station
22 E.-_T.-:er Tower
44. Dump
UNCL.L.7.71ED
(U) Fuzzy Set I:lement List
In FY I u89, we developed a prototype analysis system for analyzing targets
an: ing vemote viewings. A list of elements, based on target function (i.e.,
the r..-_aion specification), is arranged in levels from relatively abstract (information poor) to the
relL: complex (information rich). Having levels of elements is advantageous in that each can
be =d separately in Ow analysis.
(U) This universal set of elements (included as Appendix A) represents primary
in the existing target pool of 65 targets. The set was derived exclusively from this
knoir: get".21 pool. In an a:tual RV session, however, a viewer does not have access to the
eler _st, and thus is not constrained to respond within its confines. An accurate RV analysis
mus: z.cle any additional data that may be provided in the response; therefore, additional
space been provided on the analysis sheets (see Appendix A) to include elements that are
part response but not initially included as part of the universal set.
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Cluster 1
Recreation
7
27
i3 =
2
33
Cluster 2
Transportation
Cluster 3
Weapons
60
1!
5
55
22
54
61
30
50
20Is
38 1
35
40
Cluster 4
Technology
51
31
3
13
41
63
43
48
44
Cluster 5
59
Storage
45
62
Cluster 6
Production/Distribution
i
I
56
58
14
39
19
49
21
64
Hi? I
I 1
0.0 0.2 0 4 0.6 0.8 1.0
1 ? SIA
UNCLASSIFIED
_
Figure 1. Cluster Diagram fort _........1Targets
(U) We used the technology cluster (i.e., number 4 in Figure 1) to apply Equation 4
to construct a technology target template. Table 2 shows the targets in this cluster, where the
horiiontal lines indicate the subclustering within the technology group shown in Figure 1.
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(U) As a self?consistency check, we included the technology template in the total
target pool and recalculated the clusters. As expected, the technology template was included
within the subgroup of targets 3 and 13, and well within the technology cluster as a whole.
D. (U) General Conclusions
The goal of this effort was to develop an analysis system that would prove
effective in providing a priori assessments of+ i.remote viewing tasks. If the proper
mission?dependent universal set of elements can be identified, then, using a viewer?dependent
reliability archive, data from a single remote viewing can be used to prioritize a set of alternative
target templates so as to chose the most likely one for the mission.
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REFERENCES (U)
1. Puthoff, H.E., and Targ, R., "A Perceptual Channel for Information Transfer Over
Kilometer Distances: Historical Perspective and Recent Research," Proceedings of the
IEEE, Vol. 64, No. 3, March 1976, UNCLASSIFIED.
2. Targ, R., Puthoff, H.E., and May, E.C., 1977 Proceedings of the International
Conference of Cybernetics and Society, pp. 519-529, :1977, UNCLASSIFIED.
May, E.C., "A Remote Viewing Evaluation Protocol (U)," Final Report (revised), SRI
Project 4028, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, July 1983,i
May, E.C., Humphrey, B.S., and Mathews, C., 4-iitk Figure of Merit Analysis for
Free-Response Material," Proceedings of the 28th Annual Convention of the
Parapsychological Association, pp. 343-354, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts,
August 1985, UNCLASSIFIED. _
S. Humphrey, B.S., May, E.C., Trask, V.V., and Thomson, M. J., "Remote Viewing
Evaluation Techniques (U)," Final Report, SRI Project 1291, SRI International, Menlo
Park, California, December 1986,?
6. Humphrey, B.S., May, E.C., Utts, J.M., Frivold, T.J., Luke, W.L., and Trask, V.V.,
"Fuzzy Set Applications in Remote Viewing Analysis," Final Report?Objective A, Task 3,
SRI Project 1291, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, December 1987,
UNCLASSIFIED.
May, E.C., Humphrey, B.S., Frivold, T J., and Utts, J M., "Applications of Fuzzy Sets to
Remote Viewing Analysis (U)," Final Report?Objective F, Task 1, SRI Project 1291,
SRI International, Menlo Park, California, December 1988,
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I INTRODUCTION (U)
Through work at SRI International and other laboratories, a
number of individuals have demonstrated an apparent ability to accurately
perceive information, which is inaccessible through the "conventional"
senses and to convey their impressions in words and symbols. At times
these individuals can apparently describe events, places, people, objects,
and feelings with very high quality. At SRI, the particular ability to
provide detailed descriptive information has been termed remote viewing
(RV). Although latent ability and motivation undoubtedly play a
significant role, some accomplished remote viewers have claimed that this
ability can be taught and learned to varying degrees. In FY 1986, SRI
awarded a subcontract to Consultants International (CI) to assemble a
detailed report of subjective experience that might lead to a testable RV
training methodology. CI was selected because of the long and successful
remote viewing experience of its founder, Mr. Gary Langford. CI's reports
detailing the suggested training methodology and the concepts upon which
the procedure is based are given in Appendices A and B.
(U) SRI's overview' contains, in condensed form, the basic concepts and techniques
that CI proposed and a critique of them. Selected RV examples will be shown to clarify and
demonstrate the ideas involved. Certain figures appearing in this overview have been
abstracted from the CI report. Because the contents of this document are subjective and
exploratory in nature, we will not examine RV from an experimental protocol or evaluation
perspective.
(U) We emphasize strongly that these concepts and hypotheses have been arrived at
almost entirely through personal observation, introspection and informal experimentation.
Almost none of these concepts have been rigorously tested with sufficient data collection to
(U) This report constitutes Objective D, Task 1: Design, develop, and improve training
protocols and methodologies for all RV subjects.
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III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (U)
(U) Whether the percipient is a novice, advanced or expert viewer the foregoing
proceOure applies. With rare notable exceptions, CI asserts that correct descriptions of targets
are always built out of much smaller data bits that are gradually assembled into a whole.' As
the viewer progresses from novice to expert, the amount of time spent on the various steps of
the procedure changes. For example, an expert should find access routine and focus the
most attention on details of form and function. A detailed discussion of the division of effort
as a function of expertise may be found in Appendix A.
A. (U) Anatomy of a Viewing
(U) An example of how the foregoing process is applied by an expert may be found in
Figures 4(a) through 4(1). These six figures comprise the entire response of the viewer for a
given session. Other than the labeling, the transcripts have not been edited in any way.
Where, the viewer's handwriting was illegible or where an abbreviation was used, we have
provided a "translation."
1. (U) Figure 4(a)--Initial Access Period.
I Note that the uniqueness requirement of the target
has been satisfied by writing down name, date, time and
session number. This is the access phase. Need and
motivation for a description were provided by informing
the viewer this RV was one of a series intended to
calibrate the viewer's proficiency. The objectify phase
is indicated by the primary and multiple bits. The
initial primary bits are of a steep angle drop-off and a
flat area. Multiple bits (a series of connected
impressions) serve to fill in the gap between the two
primary bits. Access is brought to an end by writing
"break." This amount of data is much greater than that
which a novice would perceive during an initial access
period.
"(U) Experienced viewers do report very occasional sessions where detailed descritions of the
target are possible during the initial access period.
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2. (U) Figure 4(b)--Second Access Period
. At this point, the viewer was overwhelmed by a vivid
impression of cliffs with water and other features. The
viewer correctly recognized this as 10 and labeled it as
such. 10 is not considered valid data in subsequent
analysis.
3. (U) Figure 4(c)--Third Access Period
More primary bits are presented, and the viewer
enters the Qualification phase for the first time (e.g.,
hard surface). For purposes of visual clarity, we will
not routinely label the objectify and qualify phases in
subsequent figures. However, the distinction can be
easily made by the reader because primary and multiple
bits always represent objectification, while any further
description of form or function is qualification.
4. (U) Figure 4(d)--Fourth Access Period
) As the viewing proceeds, more time is spent on
describing form and functional aspects.
5. (U) Figure 4(e)--Fifth Access Period
At this point in the session, the viewer has made use
of a technique in which he retraces a bit to acquire more
information. These advanced procedures are discussed more
thoroughly in Appendix A. Note that the viewer has begun
to arrange bits perceived during previous access periods
into a more nearly pictorial representation.
6. (U) Figure 4(0?Sixth and Final Access Period
1Note the detailed description of the elements of
target. The bits have now been arranged into a more
coherent whole (sometimes called a composite), and the
viewer has provided a summary word that characterizes the
entire target "ruins."
The actual target is shown in Figure 5. Aside from the obviously
correct assessment of the target as ruins, it is very important to note
that all of the other data bits are also correct. Furthermore, the session
required only approximately 15 minutes to complete. Such a result is
particularly compelling when compared with other free-response techniques.
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For Iexample, telepathy experiments using the so-called Ganzfeld technique
of sensory isolation typically require one-and-one-half hours, during which
time the percipient produces extensive stream-of-conscious descriptions.The
sheer mass of data and dreamlike quality of the responses prevent any
effective transcript analysis that might separate signal from noise.
(U) In early RV experiments at SRI (c. 1975), unstructured free?response descriptions
were used, but were limited to 15 minutes. Even with that restriction, discrimination between
the product of imagination, memory, and RV was a burdensome analysis task.
(U) The twin insights that mental noise can be briefly suppressed and that correct data
appear in fleeting, indistinct, and sometimes symbolic form has resulted in an enormous
increase in viewing efficiency.
B. (U) Applications to RV Training
(U) As the preceding example demonstrates, the procedure described earlier works
well when used by the expert who invented it. The task that CI addressed in FY 1986 was to
supply sufficient detailed instruction so that individuals with no prior exposure to RV could be
trained. A test of this training methodology is presently underway.
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N.M1?11.1111,1111.11.1.1,01
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ra
?
1
INITIAL ACCESS PERIOD
FIGURE 4(a)
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?
SECOND ACCESS PERIOD
FIGURE 4(b)
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OBJECTIFY -1- PRIMARY BITS
IL
QUALIFY.-TEXTURE
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LU
(-)
LU
THIRD ACCESS PERIOD
5
FIGURE 4(c)
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PRIMARY BIT
FOURTH ACCESS PERIOD
17
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ri
ACCESS
RETRACING BITS
0
/ (Man-made)
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
--------;;IITLTIPLE BITS
PRIMARY BITS
r4
d-
(rises up, very sharply)
(stone)
JA....END ACCESS
-(long flat)
FIGURE 4(e) (U) FIFTH ACCESS PERIOD
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ACCESS
PRIMARY BITS
41"jv
(structure)
(ruins)
FIGURE 4(f)
(U)
h1/441
END OF SESSION (END ACCESS)
FUNCTIONAL DETAILS
FINAL ACCESS PERIOD (Composite)
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(U) Some indication of the previous success of the. training method can be found in
existing data. In FY 1984, CI first began to outline the basic elements of an RV novice
training program. Six individuals with limited or no exposure to RV were selected on the
basis of interest and subsequently participated in a series of lectures and experimental sessions
that served as the model for the FY 1986 program. Two of the participants in the FY 1984
program demonstrated independent statistically significant evidence of RV ability.
(U) During FY 1986, three of the best viewers from the FY 1984 program and CI's
expert viewer participated in a series of 6 RV sessions each for another Task in the program.
As of the time of the FY 1986 experiment, all three previous novice viewers had participated
in a total of approximately 100 viewings each. All of those viewings followed the procedure
proposed by CI.
As shown in detail in another report,* 3 of the 4 viewers
independently scored statistically significant in that 6 session series.
(If the probability of a successful series is 0.05, the binomial
probability of three out of four successful series is 4.8 x 10-4). Two of
the 3 FY 1984 novices scored significantly, one scoring slightly better
than the expert viewer. This result suggests that, at least for certain
individuals, the viewing ability can be learned. Whether these particular
viewers learned successfully as a result of practice, motivation, latent
ability, CI's "technology," or a combination of all four elements is at
this time unclear. Considerable future experimentation will be required to
begin to determine the relative importance of each element.
tA -
vie Hubbard, G. S., and May, E. C., "An Experiment to Explore Possible
rlomalistic Behavior of a Photon Detection System During A Remote Viewing
Task," Interim Report, SRI -Project 1291, SRI International, Menlo Park, California
(December, 1986) ______
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Interim Report-I-Objective E, Task 1
Covering the Period 1 October 1985 to 30 September 1986
December 1986
AN EXPERIMENT TO EXPLORE POSSIBLE
ANOMALISTIC BEHAVIOR OF A PHOTON DETECTION
SYSTEM DURING A REMOTE VIEWING TEST (U)
E:=D
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L
III RESULTS (U)
A. (U) Remote Viewing Results
(U) Four viewers were asked to contribute six viewings each. In this experiment, the
personnel consisted of four of the best viewers participating in ongoing RV programs at SRI.
(U) Each RV session was judged using a figure of merit analysis. The FM is defined as
the product of two measures: accuracy and reliability. The accuracy of an RV response is the
fraction of the target material that is described correctly. Reliability is the fraction of the
response that is correct.1,2 Tables I through 4 show the RV results for each trial. The
session number (9001.cr, etc.) incorporates a code for each viewer as well as the
chronological sequence of viewings.
Table 1
(U) REMOTE VIEWING RESULTS FOR VIEWER 009
Session
Figure-of-Merit
p-value
9001.1g
0.5714
0.0-238
9002.1g
0.3810
0.1961
9003.1g
0.4444
0.0497
9004.1g
0.3333
0.3650
9005.1g
0.0667
0.9233
9006.1g
0.3556
0.2697
Overall p < 0.0450
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Table 2
(U) REMOTE VIEWING RESULTS FOR VIEWER 105
Session
Figure-of-Merit
p-value
9001.rs
0.4571
0.0412
9002.rs
0.1667
0.3486
9003.rs
0.1600
0.3618
9004.rs
0.3333
0.1039
9005.rs
0.0000
1.0000
9006.rs
0.3810
0.0475
Overall p .S. 0.0488
Table 3
(U) REMOTE VIEWING RESULTS FOR VIEWER 177
Session
Figure-of-Merit
p-value
9001.hs
' 0.4444
0.2430
9002.hs
0.1143
0.9579
9003.hs
0.3810
0.2978
9004.hs
0.5000
0.2392
9005.hs
0.5952
0.0677
9006.hs
0.6429
0.0136
Overall p 5; 0.0385
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Table 4
(U) REMOTE VIEWING RESULTS FOR VIEWER 807
Session
Figure-of-Merit
p-value
9001.cr
0.0000
1.0000
9002.cr
0.3333
0.2267
9003.cr
0.5208
0.0240
9004.cr
0.0833
0.7494
9005.cr
0.3750
0.1321
9006.cr
0.1333
0.5911
Overall p