LIBYA`S CONTINUING RESPONSIBILITY FOR TERRORISM (REPORT)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: STARGATE
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP96-00789R001001430004-9
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: November 4, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 10, 2004
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: November 1, 1991
• Content Type: REPORT

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United States Department of State
aPQp
Libya's Continuing Responsibility
for Terrorism
November 1991
DOS review(s) completed.
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United States Department of State
Libya's Continuing Responsibility
for Terrorism
November 1991
DOS review(s) completed.
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Libya's Continuing Responsibility
for Terrorism
This White Paper is designed to provide context for the
allegations in the US and Scottish indictments of Libyan
nationals for the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 in
December 1988. To this end, the Paper discusses the
attitude of the Qadhafi government toward terrorism and
outlines Libyan responsibility for terrorist acts.
Based on analysis of Libyan behavior over many years, on
the results of investigating the bombing of Pan Am Flight
103 since 1988, and on the structure of the Libyan regime
and the relations among leading officials in that regime, we
conclude that the bombing of Pan Am 103 was not an
aberration and was an action authorized by the Libyan
Government. Libya's support for terrorism began in the
earliest days of the Qadhafi regime. As early as 1972,
Libyan leader Mu'ammar Qadhafi publicly offered to help
extremist movements-including the Provisional Irish Re-
publican Army and the Black Power movement in the
United States-and to support any group in the Middle
East willing to attack Israel. Qadhafi dispatched terrorists
to Italy in '1973 to shoot down an Israeli airliner and at least
as early as 1975 ordered the murder of Libyan dissidents
living abroad. Although dissidents historically have posed
little-if any-threat to Qadhafi's rule, the Libyan leader
has concentrated on eliminating them. Assassinations took
place in the early and mid-1980s and included two
attempts (one of them successful) against Libyan
students in the United States.
Libyan involvement in and support of terrorism expanded
throughout the early 1980s. Tripoli provided passports to
Abu Nidal organization (ANO) members who attacked the
El Al ticket counter at the Vienna airport in December 1985.
Libya also sponsored the bombing of the La Belle disco in
Berlin in April 1986 that killed three people, including two
US servicemen.
Over the years, even as Libyan agents and their proxies
planned and carried out terrorist attacks, Qadhafi regularly
sought to calm international concerns through public
denunciations of terrorism. For example, in 1977, Qadhafi
plotted to assassinate a US Ambassador, just after
assuring President Carter that he sought good relations
with the United States. Moreover, Qadhafi periodically has
issued public denials of his involvement in terrorism while
his intelligence apparatus was preparing for acts of
terrorism (see inset on page 3).
Libyan action has not been limited to Israeli and Western
targets. In the mid-1980s Libya backed plots against
President Mubarak of Egypt, former President Nimeiri of
Sudan, President Mobutu of Zaire, former Tunisian Presi-
dent Bourguiba, and former President Habre of Chad. In
addition to using and supporting terrorism, Qadhafi also
has a long history of trying to subvert governments in
Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
The 1986 airstrike on Libya by the United States, com-
bined with other international pressures, did not end
Tripoli's support for terrorism. Following the air attack,
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The hollowness of Qadhafi's rhetoric is best illustrated by
Libya's longstanding involvement in kidnapping, despite
his regular denunciations of such acts. In 1978, Libyan
intelligence officers kidnapped Imam Musa Sadr, the
spiritual leader of the Lebanese Shia community, just
after he arrived in Tripoli. Musa Sadr eventually died in
Libyan captivity. Throughout the 1980s, Qadhafi publicly
denounced the illegal detention of hostages by extremist
groups in Lebanon. Yet in April 1986, Libya bought and
arranged for the murder of three Western hostages in
Lebanon, including American Peter Kilburn. More re-
cently, in November 1987 the Abu Nidal organization
(ANO) hijacked the yacht Silco in international waters.
The hostages-Belgian and French nationals-were
released in stages, with the last detainees freed in
January 1991. The yacht was seized by ANO elements
under the direction of the Libyan intelligence service,
and some of the hostages were even held on Libyan soil.
Qadhafi began to use front companies and other organiza-
tions to hide Libya's hand (see inset on page 4). In
addition, Qadhafi has placed a premium on masking
Libya's support for terrorism in an attempt to avoid
jeopardizing Libya's economic links to his African neigh-
bors and major European trading partners. The Libyans
sponsored a series of anti-US operations immediately after
the US airstrikes in April 1986. Tripoli was responsible for
the shooting of a US Embassy communicator in Sudan on
15 April 1986 and for the shooting of another Embassy
communicator in Sanaa, North Yemen, on 25 April 1986. In
addition, two Libyans were apprehended on 18 April 1986
as they attempted to attack the US Officers Club in Ankara
with grenades obtained from the Libyan People's Bureau
there. The Libyans confessed that they were ordered to
cause the maximum number of casualties, particularly
women and children.
We believe that Libya was responsible for the destruction
of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland, on 21
December 1988 and that senior government officials
involved in previous terrorist attacks around the world
orchestrated the operation. Forensic evidence indicates
that the bomb's timer was unique to Libyan inventories,
and an official of the Libyan national carrier, Libyan Arab
Airlines, used his credentials to circumvent security proce-
dures in Malta to assist in the operation.
Over the past several years, Libya has provided assistance
to Palestinian terrorists, enabling them to launch attacks
against Israel and Western targets:
? In May 1990, Palestine Liberation Front (PLF) members
attempted a seaborne raid on Israel; the operation failed,
and four terrorists were killed and 12 captured. Libya
provided the group with training, sophisticated equip-
ment, weaponry, and the mother ship used in the
operation.
? In July 1988, ANO operatives attacked the Greek cruise
ship The City of Poros, killing nine and wounding over 100
people. Libya provided the weapons used in the
operation.
Libya has regarded Africa as an attractive environment for
its operations and is responsible for several attacks there:
? On 30 October 1991, a French judge issued international
arrest warrants, charging four Libyan officials with
involvement in the bombing of UTA Flight 772 in
September 1989.
? In March 1990, Libyan diplomats were expelled from
Ethiopia after a bomb exploded in the Hilton Hotel in
Addis Ababa, in an apparent attempt to kill the Israeli
Ambassador who was staying there.
? In February 1988, two known Libyan terrorists were
arrested in Dakar, Senegal, in possession of explosives
and weapons.
? In October 1987, a bomb exploded in the office of World
Vision, a private relief organization operating in Moudou,
Chad. Libyan diplomats based in Cotonou, Benin,
assisted the terrorists who carried out the attack.
? In March 1987, a bomb exploded at the cafe "L'Historil"
in Djibouti, killing 11 and wounding 50. The Libyans
ordered a Palestinian group, the Popular Struggle Front,
to conduct the attack or risk losing Tripoli's financial
support.
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Comparing Qadhafi's Public Statements on Terrorism With the Facts
The Fiction: Libya "rejects terrorism, including the
killing of peaceful, innocent old men, women, or children
anywhere, be it on board a plane or anywhere else,"
Tripoli Domestic Service, 5 September 1986.
The Fact: Libya provided financial and logistic support to
the Abu Nidal organization hijacking of Pan Am Flight
073 in Karachi, Pakistan, in which 21 passengers were
killed and 120 wounded, 5 September 1986.
The Fiction: Libya denounces the Provisional Irish
Republican Army (PIRA) bombing in Enniskillen, North-
ern Ireland, in which 11 died and 65 were injured. JANA,
10 November 1987.
The Fact: French authorities intercepted a ship carrying
150 tons of arms and explosives provided by the
Government of Libya and destined for PIRA in Ireland,
31 October 1987. Four earlier shipments successfully
arrived at their destination.
The Fiction: "The Great Jamahiriyah does not practice
terrorism, nor does it support it. " Colonel Qadhafi,
11 February 1988.
The Fact: Pan Am 103 exploded over Scotland, 21 De-
cember 1988, killing 259 persons on board and 11 citi-
zens of Lockerbie on the ground. Libyan involvement is
certain.
The Fiction: Libya "has affirmed and continues to affirm
that it denounces and opposes terrorism. " JANA, 9 April
1989.
The Fact: Libyan agents, under the direction of senior
officials in Tripoli, sabotaged UTA Flight 772, which
exploded over Niger, killing all 171 people aboard,
19 September 1989.
The Fiction: Referring to the PLF raid on Israel, Libya
said that it "has no connection and no relation with that
operation." JANA, 6 June 1990.
The Fact: Libya materially assisted the 30 May 1990 raid
by the PLF on Israel, which was launched from the
Libyan coast, by providing the operatives with extensive
training, military hardware, and navigational equipment.
The Fiction: Qadhafi told the Egyptian press in June
1991 that "Abu Nidal is not operating at all. The world
hasn't heard anything about him for years ... Abu Nidal
is not in Libya."
The Fact: The ANO remains headquartered in Tripoli,
and Abu Nidal himself is known to meet with Colonel
Qadhafi. November 1991.
The Libyans have supported terrorist groups in Europe,
particularly the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) ,
which Colonel Qadhafi has called a popular national
liberation movement. Throughout the mid-1980s, Libya
provided the group with arms. Libya's hand was openly
revealed in October 1987, when French authorities inter-
cepted a freighter, the Eksund, off the coast of France and
seized 150 tons of weapons and explosives destined for the
PIRA. Libya has also provided financial support to the
PIRA.
Since April 1986, Libyan assassins have murdered three
anti-Qadhafi Libyan dissidents residing in Greece, Italy,
and France. Tripoli has continued to target other exiles
deemed "opponents" of the Libyan Government.
Despite the efforts of the international community, Libyan
involvement in terrorism today remains extensive. Tripoli is
one of the largest financiers of terrorists worldwide, and it
continues to permit terrorist groups to operate at camps
throughout Libya.
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The Libyan Use of Terrorist Fronts
Because of public exposure of the role of Libyan
People's Bureaus (LBPs) in international terrorism in the
early 1980s, Libya has over the past few years shifted
some of its terrorist support operations to other institu-
tions. These institutions include the Islamic Call Society,
student organizations and friendship societies, and
Libyan front companies. By using multiple organizations,
Libya is able to continue its activities even if one group is
exposed.
Even Libyan businessmen not readily identified with the
Libyan intelligence service or a front company have been
used in operations. For example, in January 1991 the
Chadian Government arrested two Libyan agents posing
as businessmen who were apparently attempting to
smuggle explosives into Ndjamena. We have reason to
believe that many other Libyan businessmen and busi-
nesses worldwide are linked to the Libyan intelligence
service.
Front companies provide Libyan operatives with cover
and deception capabilities. Some of these companies
probably were established as legitimate corporations,
but they have been blackmailed into cooperating with the
Libyan intelligence services. The front companies typi-
cally establish a partnership with local nationals to
enhance their cover. The companies' partners rarely
know that they are dealing with Libyan intelligence
officers or Libyan businessmen taking orders from the
Libyan Government.
Libyan front companies known to have been directly or
indirectly involved in terrorist operations over the past
decade include Exo-Commerce and Sarra or Sarrah.
For example, under the guise of a "legitimate" business,
the Benin-based Sarrah company infiltrated arms and
explosives into neighboring African countries for terrorist
acts in the late 1980s. Another front company, the Greek-
based Germa Shipping and Stevedoring Company,
owned the Tiny Star, the mothership used in the 30 May
1990 PLF attack on Israel, launched from aLibyan port.
In addition, other businesses are surrogates of the
Libyan intelligence service. Neutron International is
run by Musbah Warfalli, an architect of Libyan attacks
against Libyan dissidents in the early 1980s. The Libyan
Arab Foreign Investment Company, or LAFICO, is
wholly owned by the Libyan Governmentand is some-
times used by the Libyan intelligence service for cover
purposes. The General Arab African Company is a
major trading company serving as a front for Libyan
intelligence throughout Sub-Saharan Africa.
Libyan Arab Airlines (LAA) is the government-owned
national flag carrier, providing scheduled passenger and
cargo service to Europe, Africa, and the Middle East.
Although it conducts legitimate activities, LAA has been
used to transport arms, explosives, and terrorists. Among
the Libyans implicated in supplying arms to the PIRA
from 1985 to 1987 was an LAA employee. An LAA flight
was used in the August 1986 escape of six terrorists
believed to be responsible for the 3 August attack on the
British base at Akrotiri, Cyprus. The six were disguised as
airline crewmembers, and the captain made false state-
ments to airport authorities about the crew's size to
disguise their presence. The airline remains well posi-
tioned to assist in an attack, particularly since at least 30
percent of LAA employees posted abroad are Libyan
intelligence officers.
The Islamic Call Society (ICS), created by the Libyans
to propagate Islam, is used for legitimate religious
purposes, but Qadhafi also exploits the organization's
philanthropic reputation to advance his terrorist agenda.
The ICS office in Curacao assisted separatists who
bombed a government office in Cayenne, French Guy-
ana, in January 1987. For much of the 1980s, Tripoli used
its Call Society office in Cotonou, Benin, to recruit and
fund terrorists in the region.
The Libyans also use travel agencies around the world to
facilitate the movement of local terrorists to Libya for
advanced training. The agency normally books dissi-
dents/ terrorists for travel through third countries so their
ultimate destination-Libyan terrorist training
camps-goes undetected.
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Abd al-Salam Jallud, number-two man in the
Libyan Government
In the Middle East the Libyans continue to support a wide
range of terrorist groups:
? The ANO-which has conducted over 100 terrorist
attacks resulting in the deaths of more than 280 people
and the wounding of over 650 since its founding-
continues to receive significant Libyan support. The
group is headquartered in Tripoli, and Libya provides the
ANO with major training facilities and several million
dollars annually.
? Qadhafi provided well over $1 million to Ahmed Jabril's
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General
Command in 1990. The group was responsible for the
bombings of two US military trains in Germany in 1987
and 1988.
? Elements of the PLF remain based in Libya and receive fi-
nancial and logistic support from the Libyan Government.
The group has a long history of terrorist attacks, including
the hijacking of the cruise ship Achille Lauro in October
1985, which resulted in the murder of a wheelchair-bound
American tourist on board, and the previously mentioned
attack on a Tel Aviv beach.
? Libya also funds Sa'iqa and elements of the Palestine
Islamic Jihad.
Libyan support for non-Palestinian groups has become
increasingly selective. The main criterion appears to be the
degree to which a group demonstrates a capability and
willingness to attack Libya's enemies worldwide, including
US and other Western targets.
In Europe, Libya maintains ties to the PIRA, despite
Qadhafi's claim earlier this year to have ended support for
the group. The Libyans have contact with the Kurdish
separatist group, the PKK, which has conducted numerous
terrorist attacks against Turkish targets.
A principal recipient of Libyan financing in Asia is the
Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) and its military
wing, the New People's Army (NPA), which has killed 10
Americans since 1987. The Libyans have provided at least
$7 million to the CPP/NPA since 1987.
In Latin America, the Libyans continue to search out
groups willing to kill Americans. For example, last year
Tripoli paid the Haitian Liberation Organization over
$20,000 to carry out an attack against the US Embassy in
Port-au-Prince; the group, however, failed to accomplish
its mission. Libya has unsuccessfully tried to recruit the
Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front in El Salvador to
conduct anti-Western attacks in return for money.
The Libyans also maintain contact with other terrorist
groups in the region, including the Costa Rican Juan Santa
Maria Patriotic Organization, Tupac Amaru Revolutionary
Movement in Peru, and the Manuel Rodriguez Patriotic
Front in Chile.
The Anti-Imperialism Center (AIC) -also known as
Mathaba-is used by the Libyan Government to support
terrorist networks and thus plays an important role in
Qadhafi's terrorism strategy. Established in 1982 to sup-
port "liberation and revolutionary groups," the AIC has
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sponsored a number of stridently anti-Western confer-
ences in Tripoli. At the same time, the AIC's mission is to
identify and recruit revolutionaries for ideological and
military training in Libya. During their training at AIC
camps, individuals are selected for advanced training,
including in weapons and explosives, and indoctrination.
The AIC is headed by Musa Kusa, a Qadhafi confidant who
is also Libya's Deputy Foreign Minister. With represen-
tatives in many Libyan embassies worldwide, the AIC runs
its own independent clandestine operations and disburses
payments to terrorist, insurgent, and subversive groups.
Training
Colonel Qadhafi continues to train Middle Eastern, African,
Asian, and Latin American terrorist and dissident organiza-
tions at camps in Libya, including Tripoli. The largest
training camps include:
? Al Qalah. About 100 kilometers southwest of Tripoli, it is
the principal ANO facility in Libya. Over the past year the
ANO has significantly expanded the size of the camp.
? Seven April Training Camp. Located about 9 kilometers
from Tripoli, the facility provides training in terrorism and
subversion to Africans and Latin Americans, as well as to
Libyan military personnel.
? Sidi Bilal Port Facility. Terrorists who carried out the May
1990 seaborne attack against Israel were trained here.
? Bin Ghashir. Just south of Tripoli, it has been used to
train dissidents from Africa, Asia, and Latin America in
terrorist/guerrilla tactics.
? Ras al Hilal. Palestinian terrorist groups have trained at
this facility.
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On 30 October 1991 a French magistrate issued interna-
tional arrest warrants against four Libyan officials for their
role in the bombing of UTA Flight 772 in September
1989. The flight, which was bound from Brazzaville,
Congo, to Paris via Ndjamena, Chad, exploded over the
desert in southeastern Niger, killing all 171 passengers
and crewmembers. Seven Americans, including the wife
of the US Ambassador to Chad, were among the
passengers. In addition to the warrants against Abdallah
Sanussi (a relative of Qadhafi and second in command
of Libya's intelligence services), Nayli Ibrahim (one of
Sanussi's subordinates), Abd Al-Azragh, and Abbas
Musbah (a representative of the Libyan services in
Brazzaville), the judge issued international lookout
notices against Musa Kusa (head of the AIC and Deputy
Foreign Minister) and Abd al-Salam Zadma. According
to the charges, Al-Azragh, the First Secretary at the
Libyan People's Bureau in Brazzaville, Congo, recruited
three Congolese to plant a suitcase bomb on the flight
and provided them with the device. Two of the three are
now in jail-one in Congo and one in Zaire.
Terrorism is an important instrument of Libyan foreign
policy. Libya will use terrorism to further its agenda,
particularly when Colonel Qadhafi believes he can plausibly
deny involvement. Qadhafi's use and support of terrorism
as an instrument of policy belie efforts to persuade the
world that he does not sponsor terrorist acts. Libyan
officials responsible for acts of terrorism remain in senior
government positions. Last year Qadhafi appointed Ibra-
him Bishari, the head of the Libyan intelligence service and
a key player in Libyan terrorist attacks in the 1980s, as
Libya's Foreign Minister.
Musa Kusa, Director of the Anti-Imperialism
Center, which organizes Libyan support for
radical groups worldwide
The Libyans use a variety of mechanisms
to finance terrorist groups:
Tripoli frequently passes money to terrorists who train
in-country. Virtually all terrorist oper-
atives who are trained in Libya receive, at
a minimum, travel money and a small
stipend for personal expenses.
Libyan People's Bureaus and the Anti-Imperialism
Centers are used to transfer funds to
terrorists.
? Radical Palestinian groups often receive Libyan funding
through bank accounts, particularly in
the Middle East.
? On rare occasions the Libyans have used couriers to
deliver money to terrorist organizations;
the transfer usually occurs in a third
country.
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Libya has trained Palestinian and other terrorists in-
country since the early 1970s. In addition to the principal
facilities in and around Tripoli, over the past two
decades, the Libyans have operated smaller training
camps dispersed throughout their country. On some
occasions, terrorists are trained at Libyan military bases.
For example, in 1988 members of the radical Palestinian
group, the Popular Struggle Front, trained at an Air Force
base in the Aouzou region. Members of the Popular Front
for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command also
are known to have trained in Libyan military camps.
Non-Palestinian groups that have received training in
Libya in recent years include the Ecuadorian Alfaro Vive,
Carajo organization, Colombia's M-19, the Haitian Liber-
ation Organization, the Chilean Manuel Rodriguez Patri-
otic Front, the Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of
Armenia, and the Japanese Red Army.
Trainees from Asia, Latin America, and Africa often go to
Libya legally, usually pretending to be students. Some-
times, Third World nationals travel to Libya for what they
believe to be legitimate schooling, such as technical or
religious training. When they arrive, however, they find
themselves met at the airport by soldiers, placed on a
truck, and transported to a terrorist/dissident training
camp. Those students hostile to Libyan overtures are
summarily deported and branded as unworthy students.
Extremists travel to Libya using other methods as well.
For example, radicals from Mauritius traveled to Tripoli in
1987, ostensibly to attend a youth conference. Instead,
they went to a terrorist training camp.
Foreign Minister Ibrahim Bishari. As head of
the Libyan External Security organization-
Tripoli's primary external intelligence
service-in the 1980s, he oversaw Libyan acts
of terrorism.
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Appendix
Libyan Support for International Terrorism Since 15 April 1986
Summer 1990 Libya provided the Haitian Liberation Organization over
$20,000 to carry out an attack against the US Embassy in
Port-au-Prince. Haitian officials arrested two of the oper-
atives before they could execute the attack.
Palestine Liberation Front members attempted a seaborne
raid on Israel; four were killed and 12 captured. The
Libyans were involved in all aspects of the foiled operation,
providing sophisticated equipment, navigational aids, ex-
pert planning assistance, and weapons used in the attack.
March 1990 A bomb exploded on the second floor of the Hilton Hotel in
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The blast occurred about 50
meters from the suite occupied by the Israeli Ambassador.
The Ethiopian Government subsequently expelled two
Libyan diplomats for their alleged involvement in the
incident.
September 1989 UTA Flight 772 exploded over Niger, killing all 171
passengers and crew on board. The French investigation
concluded that Libya masterminded the operation, which
was carried out by the LPB in Brazzaville, Congo. The
French have issued international arrest warrants for four
Libyan Government officials for their involvement in the
attack.
Five people-including two Americans-were injured and
several vehicles damaged when a bomb exploded near the
main entrance of the US-Costa Rican Binational Cultural
Center in San Jose, Costa Rica. The Santa Maria Patriotic
Organization carried out the attack, and its members were
trained in Libya.
December 1988 Pan Am Flight 103 exploded over Scotland, killing all 259
persons on board, including 189 Americans. Eleven were
killed on the ground in Lockerbie, Scotland.
Abu Nidal organization (ANO) terrorists attacked the
Greek cruise ship The City of Poros with machineguns and
handgrenades. Nine people were killed and nearly 100
injured. The weapons used had been provided by Libya,
and one terrorist had entered Greece using a Libyan
passport.
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Libyan-supported terrorists were involved in the bombing
attack against a US Air Force communications facility near
Humosa, Spain.
Two known Libyan terrorists, along with a Senegalese
national, were arrested in Dakar, Senegal, in possession of
explosives and weapons.
December 1987 The USO lounge in Barcelona, Spain, was bombed,
resulting in the death of one US sailor and the wounding of
nine others. A fictitious group claimed responsibility for the
attack. The investigation, however, implicated Libya as
having sponsored the operation.
November 1987 The ANO hijacked the yacht Silco in international waters in
the Mediterranean; the Silco carried eight Belgian and
French nationals. The last of the hostages was freed on 21
January 1991. The Libyan intelligence service directed the
ANO action.
October 1987 French customs intercepted the Eksund, a French ship
carrying 150 tons of arms and explosives to the Provisional
Irish Republican Army. The shipment included surface-to-
air missiles and the plastic explosive Semtex. Four earlier
shipments to PIRA, in 1986 and 1985, arrived at their
destinations successfully.
October 1987 A bomb exploded at the office of World Vision, a US private
voluntary organization in Moudou, Chad. No one was
injured. The bomb reportedly was placed by terrorists
assisted by the Libyan People's Bureau in Cotonou, Benin.
Two Libyans gunned down a Libyan dissident in Rome,
Italy. The hitmen were captured, and they identified
themselves as members of the "Libyan Revolutionary
Committee."
May 1987 Two gunmen attempted to assassinate a prominent Libyan
dissident in Vienna, Austria. One of the gunmen dropped
his Libyan passport as he fled.
Two Arabs shot and wounded a British Army warrant
officer and his companion traveling In a car near Limassol,
Cyprus. Two Arabs later arrested for the attack were
identified as Libyan-supported terrorists.
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A bomb exploded on the Kousseri Bridge, which links
Cameroon and Chad. The timer was prematurely set, killing
the operative, a Chadian working on behalf of the Libyans.
A bomb exploded at the cafe "L'Historil" in Djibouti, killing
11 and wounding over 50. The Libyan-supported Popular
Struggle Front carried out the attack under threat of losing
Tripoli's financial support.
A bomb exploded in a government building in Cayenne,
French Guyana. The Libyan-run Islamic Call Society in
Curacao assisted Guyanese dissidents to carry out the
attack.
A Libyan businessman and vocal critic of Colonel Qadhafi
was shot and killed by two gunmen outside Athens,
Greece, by suspected Libyan hitmen.
Libya provided explosives used in the ANO attack against
the Neve Shalom synagogue in Istanbul, Turkey, which
killed 21.
September 1986 During an attempted hijacking of Pan Am Flight 73 in
Karachi, Pakistan, ANO terrorists killed 21 people, includ-
ing two Americans; 120 people were wounded. The Libyan
People's Bureau in Islamabad assisted at least one of the
hijackers by providing him with travel documentation.
Gunmen attacked the British Air Base at Akrotiri, Cyprus,
using mortars, rocket-propelled grenades, and small-arms
fire, wounding two British nationals. The six terrorists
escaped by pretending to be members of a Libyan Arab
Airlines flight, and the captain made false statements to
airport authorities about the crew's size to disguise their
presence. In addition, markings on mortar parts recovered
from the attack showed the weapons to be part of two
separate shipments delivered to Libya in 1976 and 1977.
June 1986 A Libyan businessman opposed to Colonel Qadhafi was
shot dead in Versailles, France, by Libyan hitmen.
April 1986 Libya was behind the shooting of a US Embassy officer in
North Yemen.
Two Libyans were apprehended as they approached the
US Officer's Club in Ankara, Turkey, to attack it with six
Soviet-made fragmentation grenades they had received
from the Libyan People's Bureau.
Approved For Release 2004/12/17 : CIA-RDP96-00789R001001430004-9
 Approved For Release 2004/12/17 : CIA-RDP96-00789R001001430004-9
April 1986 Libya arranged for the murder of one American and two
(continued) British hostages in Lebanon.
Libya was linked to the shooting of a US Embassy officer in
Khartoum, Sudan.
Approved For Release 2004/12/17 : CIA-RDP96-00789R001001430004-9