COPY OF 'THE CURRENT DIGEST OF THE SOVIET PRESS'. SCIENCE. PROBLEMS AND JUDGMENTS.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: STARGATE
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP96-00787R000500130070-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: November 4, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 13, 1998
• Sequence Number: 70
• Publication Date: November 17, 1970
• Content Type: OPEN

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VOL. XXII, NO. 42
this institute within the next five years. The course of study
is expected to take several months. ...
Science
91 scientific discoveries in the State Register. ...
Among the achievements that have been the groundwork
for new scientific and technical thrusts is the work of V.
~K. Zavoysky, who verified the phenomenon of electronic
paramagnetic resonance. This discovery has furthered the
inventions made in the institute. ...
Meanwhile, in a number of scientific organizations and
for the registry of discoveries and over 200 for inventions.
The committee has already registered two discoveries and
u uc~. t pys..tt u. llltitnu er " 's"7" J M C-
tisnt, the lonostilhere and the Propagation of Radio Waves h s
been at work for more t tan years now. Yet in this tim its
defense of such dissertations should be their patentability,
Le. , that they contain discoveries or inventions.
Needless to say, far from all achievements may be
qualified as discoveries. Since the beginning of the state
by a researcher. First of all this concerns the abolition of
compulsory publishing of articles before defense of post-
tists continue to reward a number of capitalist firms with
profits.
from prior publication, of scientific and technical. achieve-
ments and for their use by capitalist firms without cost.
We spoke above about the discovery of Academician Ye.
review, only one of every 100 registered as a discovery. The
chief cause of this great: "weeding out" lies in incorrect con-
ceptions of what the subject of a discovery application may be.
Often figuring in such applications are various design and
technological efforts, the results of mathematical calculations
refining the orbits of planets, and all kinds of hypotheses and
unproved assertions.
The phenomenon of "unacknowledged discoveries" is also
explained by the fact that their authors sometimes act at their own
risk. Their reports are not heard at learned councils, no prelim-
inary check on the novelty ofthe solution to the problem is made,
and scientific discussions are not organized. A side from every-
thingelse, this complicates and prolongs subsequent expert ap-
praisal in scientific institutions, which according to regulations is
not to take more than three months. Sometimes organizations that
have been entrusted with reviewing applications for proposed
discoveries violate procedure. Thus, as recently as the
summer of 1968 the committee sent to the U. S. S. R, Academy
of Sciences' General and Technical Chemistry Division ma-
terials on the application for a discovery by B. Deryagin, a
corresponding member of the Academy, and Candidate of
Technology N. Fedyakin: "The Phenomenon of the Formation
of Super-Dense Water During the Condensation of Its Vapors."
succ.eecled" in examining these materials. A new expert ex-
amination had to be conducted, this time in the Ukrainian
Republic Academy of Sciences' Chemistry and Chemical
Technology Division and in other organizations. The result
was fulll recognition of the researchers' achievements. In May
of this year It was entered in the U. S. S. R. State Register of
Discoveries.
Delays in scientific experts' appraisals or a nonobjective
approach to the reviewing of applications could take from the
author and the state their priority over an important dis-
covery and retard further development of a promising problem.
Therefore, the responsibility of scientific institutions for
strict observance of deadlines and the objectivity and quality
of the expert examination performed by them must be increased.
Thus we believe that fullest disclosure of discoveries of
scientists is an Issue of no small importance. This is the
point: There have been discoveries that until now have not
been legally recorded, that have not been registered in the
State Register, because applications were not filed. Some-
times this happens because of the scientists' lack of informa-
tion on copyright matters and, perhaps, because of their
modesty or underestimation of the importance of protecting
domestic priority. Moreover, many scientists feel that
publishing a work is sufficient for acknowledging a discovery. .. .
The Committee on Invention and Discovery is now taking'
steps to improve the protection of priority and state interests
in the realm of discoveries. In particular, a new draft reso-
lution has been drawn up on discoveries, inventions and
rationalizers' suggestions. This resolution provides for
further improvements in experts' appraisals and the legal
protection of discoveries. Undoubtedly, all this will help
solve one of the major tasks of Soviet science -placing achieve-
ments firmly at the service of the builders of communism.
TILE BIRTH OF A CIANP, (By a Tass correspondent. Izvestia,
Oct. 21, p. 3. Complete text:) Stavropol -Installation of the
metalwork for the world's largest reflecting telescope has
been completed. The telescope is being built at the U. S. S, R.
Academy of Sciences Zelenchukskaya Astrophysical Observa-
tory.
The 43-m. giant, which Is to peer into the unfathomed
depths of the universe, is being assembled far ahead of
schedule. Under the leadership of the young engineers
B. Kovalev and V. Labinsky, a brigade of specialists from the
Leningrad Association of Optical Mechanics Enterprises and
the 12th C.P. S.U. Congress Metallurgical Plant have been
carrying out this work with a jeweller's precision. The entire
rotating section of the telescope, weighing more than 600 tons,
can be moved by one person. The astronomers themselves
will not have to do this, of course. The telescope and the
entire gigantic dome for the astronomical tower will be rotated
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New Solar Corot
A solar con?on;cgraph is being installed at the Suyan Mountain Observa-
t.or in the l3uryat Republic. The coronagraph lens has a diameter of 53
centimeters. A photograph shows workers assembling the panels of a geodesic
the device. [4] 1.
dome which will house
(Summary: Photo caption; Moscow, Pravda, 16 October 1970, p 6)
Automatic Device Will Find Mirror Coordinates of Radiotelescope /{~ /~r$~~
D '7.5- 2- Z .~/
Workers of the Kirovakan Scientific Research Institute "Avtomatika"
have developed and manufactured a new instrument for establishing the cal-
radio-
culated coordinates of the mirrors of the Soviet Union's high-power
telescope "Rata-600."
The new automatic device was tested recently. The precision with
which it finds the coordinates of the reflecting mirrors of the radio-
telescope is 10 times greater than existing tolerances. The Institute will
send the first group of these automatic devices to the Zelenchuk Observa-K2-n 168 tory. [4]
(Complete translation: "Navigator for Astronomers," by B. Mir.tchyan;?Moscow,
Izvestiya, 23 October 1970, p 4)
Stratosphere Lab Photographs Sun
An automatic stratospheric observatory developed by Soviet scientists
and specialists has successfully completed its third flight. It made obser
vations of the sun at an altitude of more than 20 kilometers.
"The stratospheric traveller delivered about 100 photographs of the
sun," reported Yu. I. Vitinskiy, scientific secretary of the Pulkovo Obser-
vatory, "and these were not ordinary photographs but very clear ones with
images of details which were 200 kilometers in diameter. Studying the sun
from the earth it is possible to see spots with much larger dimensions, but
small ones are still not studied as they are hidden by atmospheric vapors
and other interference. The aircraft made it possible to avoid this.. In
addition, the observatory obtained for the first time 20 spectrograms which
will aid in the study of the structure of moving gases. in the solar atmos-
phere." [1]
(Complete translation: "Photographed the Sun....," unsigned; Moscow,
Sovetskaya Rossiya, 24 October 1970, p 4)
Abstracts of Scientific Articles
Study of a Weak Chromo;;pheric Flare
The author traces the change in profiles of the Ha and H and K CaII
lines in the same scan of an active region before, during and after a weak
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