THE WORLD OF THE SUPRA-SENSORY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: STARGATE
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP96-00787R000400040032-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 29
• Document Creation Date: November 4, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 7, 1998
• Sequence Number: 32
• Publication Date: February 10, 1966
• Content Type: PAPER

ORD # /g/a I
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00
0040032-1
diennss the morpheme
with the purpose of inforedng
by vixen sad how the extrm-seneory in*ld is studied.
It is not the purpose of the author to ahoy any bias, or to tahe part
in acontroversy about the existence of ESP. The area is under investigation_
and the author only wishes to describe circumstances and persons eomeenned
with these matters. The reader has his own opinion about the reasonableness
of the phoneme= and probably vould not be swayed by an article written by
an anonymous $ow**. It is fair to the aUdienee to laws hovever that the
author is a belavior scientist, fully accredited as a Felker in a Social
Science associstion. Its is also an associate member in good stealing of
a Isgitinite EtIP creenization. My sympathies lie in neither extreme side
of the validity or mon-validity of ESP. It is befitting to ghats my bias
in the biblical quote, *Seek NA ri *hall find and the truth than make
you free.
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ESP?
The topic of ESP is extraordinarily broad and
initials have bemused to describe a multi
ESP stands for extra-sensory perception, that is, the reee$ion of
rrnaticn by means other than the customary sensory process
tLot,gustation, olfaction and kinesthesia. Those investigators con-
th, phenomena that do not appear well explained or accounted for
he usual means of perception have postulated acquisition of knowledge
he -sensory pathwey which has not been fully understood or des
Sueh Individuals accept the existence of such an avenue on theo-
assumption or faith, often proelaiming that only future teebnolort
Z3eLIX'th provide the appropriate proofs. Be this es it, may, the
ter hould be aware that science does not claim to understand completely
knov systems by which we receive and process sensory data. potbe-
Ln
an unknown or undiscovered erste: may be begging the question rather
offin a, meaningful solution.
disciplines of science have more than eno
nation. Some scientists feel that to wand
of the mystical events, notoriously unstable and ephemera
ratit.r ?sUbjects far study lathe laboratory where a phenomenon
3A be Ileitis for testing. Repeatability of an event is a basic
research investigation. Thus, even some clinically
rvsbeare often not considered appropriate subject matter
the 1*bZ!ttt*Y nation.
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to
iei
3
events is left
the usual labor
to, 'hey are
meetings
rut$8iOfl1
o ned
u11.d or, In
stdergla Optical pereep
a Wierous area,
the dermal optimal 'Met
*xlmining the
its previous
More is fli.
I
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vattw colleagues that such a phenomenon cou/d reasonahlY exiott-
However, after the Russians became interested and anew nmme was applied
the sane phinceencn gained respectability. It can be anticipated that
sudh events will also gain equal aoceptance.
Last the reedier conclude that the author is
utairih let it be said that science progresses
position
nett
etadying natters without due consideretion of the Nelibood
solutions. Practical or p?ltttce.i conditions also tend to
direction of samee and the fusiding menhanieras of gomentments
con and du often disband= the importance sod attrastiveness
study. It the Russians are interested, then the Wet lost
its scientific eye alert ? bedlam; to say, the Shims* will
for as EIP is concerned, there has been ems *woe=
die
into this field
optical phanommda
It should be
Lewes ESP studies are not generally supported through
it has been a cautious and suspicious entry
sed in terms less esoterie--etdh as dermal
61105*
parenuml
investissiNmmolaut rather through the awe eonservetive scientist as an
adjunct to his =sal research interest.
Thus, it saute seen that ESP, although often ttig3ieted by the
tthccommunity, does get Its attention when stimulat on of pGl
printtical crests occur.
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OF
PMTCOMNI
3t10fl.a, one usually thinks of suet: terms es ti1*ttty
or eeement(cation between two minds without
ten words), clairvoyance (recognition or peroep
tsnee of Which no one else is aware), *wog-
or circumstance prior to its oecurrence)
of physical entities by thought eery).
paranormal that receive considerable attention.
cs as surviwsl of personality after death polter
At the wee tivis
mist, visions faith dealing medium behavior and atheist of occult phen
mama mema3ao to be propermthj.cta of study. It is an vedefined ares
but basically concerns events tbat appear to depend on energy lot generally
perceived or received by ordinal, sensory systems. The events are di
cult to reproduce under approgainte editions for study. They are also
aniarienees that are priva stibjective and often emotion-laden. They
ere not Coma to everyone Joh limits their understanding and opportun
ity fer study. Possibly our cabana attitudes toward the occult asy
a factor in reducing the weber of easen node public, tut even if there
were indications of mere dfttftfr the nature of the penomona is still terribly
elusive.
of their store rigeroas eolleagues.
t inadeqpate bow in the direction
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wroiriate t13 and a sommmitat superficial understanding of reel
Becate of the nature of their studies, small
eraUi available and therefore their results
the application of statistics. The data may be
ignificant but often the nod-parametric teehniques
La collected and it is not part of the
on it can often be seen that pertinent vari
M thus the data though significant free a
expeemental plan,
shles are not mitre
statistical viewpoint, saybe Inadequate. In addition mime of the psyche
logical tests or questicensires that areu have not been carefully
pregered or adequately validated on other populations. This tends, therefore,
to give lees undone* to their findings.
Many of the instances of ESP phenomena
studied under nen-laboratory or
ke itextremely difficult to (antral those variables vhi
factors in such studies. In actuality a clinical or judgmental
approach amid be alamoh more satisfmcbxer technique of investigation than
to attempt any elaborate experimental procedures. In order to oat these
difficulties, the ESP investigator often employs very sophisticated electronic
equipment for measures. Unfortunately, often the investigators are not
sophisticated in the operation of sudh equipment, nor in the interpretatice
of its data. Therefore, sudh instrumentation does not add to the reliability
of the infbreation. It is rather obvious that the psychic experience 1: an
emotionel laden situation vhich also prevents a systematic, objective iabor-
outcry approach to the problem. Apia, the clinical methodology is probably
mere effective. The experimental techniques Shieh might be applied vould be
6
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Qst te in en examminetice of oraditions under which such phenomena
be Whined. Reperisental proeeduree have been devsloped in the area
ea drug studies ete whieh might COUtrthirte to studies of psychic
phenomena In gemerala the author teals that the BEW researeber tries too
herd. to azoly empertmeatal methodology which may be insimeopriate to the
plesceene under ivrestigation. He would do better to isolete
the variables which mould tape be studied in pert under laboratory one
Micas. A good, thorough *Wartime cUrdcal assessment would be as smeeeme-
rui. in selling thii tarp. of research as inspprogriately applied experimental
significance which mayor may not be psyntelogi
methods
*welly pertinent
Further comination of the physical deprive
1ati*t of battiensa stressa procedures usea by military peyebolelit
approlefette for the study of some of these coalitions.
look at the ESP eras without pro:meet
oxIstenee 'but rather err motivated from
7
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of study 'which should be givea the attention. Recently,
ri have ammo to the fore and seem to be vell velifled and
ehen to apply rigorous eontrol and how to adjust variables
fashions It is the author's belief that these inveeti
eontrfbutlon to make to the field. It is reinforcing
tzmtne their professional relationships yak their more
eeg*u,and yet at the same time publiahing in the journals
a view, thetuthox *u1:t!
e or
* of sdde an
0 but oniy by the wet
*s bovn t the
imr the tsof ever-
7hese findings
that me oiroadY been dons in
the positive
that future
and by more
8
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sew interested invonstigators %to loom OM tiltather lateCtiliallY but ere not
emitters of institutions cr professiceal associations. Of emirs*, the 'War
UP centers are obvious, homer, there is considerable fractionisation in
the field and the journals ana neetings of the parancesel. do !tot really
represent the geseral postilation of investigatxrs or interested sorties.
Sae anther vill attegot to discuss the arganinaticas and iovestigaters
of vhich he is aware iiho sees to have more then a passing interest in these
*5 ?
ty
. 'The
Doll, is strisserily
staff maws include Dr.
atieies and books ea
ntment frors the United States
as a training grained
ut t* 3LThis training
Dr. Shine become
he has been
A.
of ESP nee
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it is ellaged by eon that the *science of Brie bas net browlenad or grmin
ites swat under the lt ler** Jof a lees oherianat e figure. All liteiellitte$
b*ve their leaden but usually that leadership is restricted to versant
influorose has enecetpassed reeectreh nattodology
than night be eustcoary. o11 eooplex
that has *efts:rad reesarch tazatin and as
apremod research
covers a variety of siftbut tatpe11'
*station a of Mr utilizing Zener (INE, omits),
Ives. In addition, the laboratory
ways in shish pbonmena H.** be
centar? and thus a review point
is
10
the ear
Most of the articles =re
at Duke or by Wks-
"Tournalo
sortindin
ia ititaseastrating
Matte
to
It
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coaserning proseduros of their coneegues either beam* they feel they suet
ea t& other's everimental skills or they do tot coogrehose the real
e teehniques. Olost scientists have little compose
procedures. So or*?moots proteetice throagh
tnfaUThtttty
paramartesi
rather than Ids experimental
eritten in these journals abe
experlaintal design,
COMM
etudy, nosh es the University of Virginia awl the
n Los Angeles. This is a Ware evolution beeause
id in galora.
mit, is infleantiai in other mita or
and fUvdp flmds. hr. X. Sowahrisheir
aM reports that hie govern.
in
la". War Rya of Prass o3kia, i* been
Duke Ow thme years.
16o seems to be a very sensitive individual. tS
eards in sealed envelsges. Several Western pweyI
Gaither Pratt mg Tan Stevenson of the University of
Abram of Oxford, have mated vith Rya in Prague. Rya also has %opt
Sr. idaine briefed (by letter) on RP research in seem of the Immt Curtain
eountries.
*en he reteree.
by fends from
sabject
ing stimulus
tic
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a bias
ty.
Wettest Professor of Psychology, Swum* Wow
Duke and sill exertinue his stones InJapan.
1 set up a perapsynhology labOratanr lh Chile . These
1n int that has been epaveved by !Stine.
it i ioutecereth of the British Society started
Aar the sole purpose. There have been may dtwUn-
societies, of stnes are or
[lug th esoteric. Any such group varies in its abitity
certainly the society collected
are sincere
try to
hands.
The Anarieen Society is in
et* Mettentnitted On studying the relati betimes
by the Ittlesces Paaily Pourdation. In a&tition
been interested in patient behavior inior to
s end =Weal persoeinsl. This rear&
vettei reports and seneory 1-
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in their lecture series and their publiwaticeto ofResearch.
(s quarterly). Meabership is open to all %to express an interest in psychic
a
Vt. Deis vas
'fork. This group is headed by Mrs
r. The ftengtatioe publishes the segasine
ly 'written verse= of journal.
Mr. *mew Dean left thePosndationt
Dean to the Newerit Engineering
ing resetwoh, but does in
tuid ESP which is a rogue
kin
by a
%rob
23
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Tim caality of the papers at these meetings is uneven. Generally
an of a lase rigors= qtality
tha description of experimental methodol Sam cx'ttiqui
oce but usually the attararphere is one of togetherness ard
smart Some unpleasant situatiars have develmped as the result of per
at other professional groups,
sonal autermigit witaatt the
tim who are eligible to hold offie so there can be. difficulty *maiming
iAlo is apicrigiriate to serve next.
There ere few merbers in the aseocia-
the last few years Rh ar establish
mat of the Poundation has caused sate splits in the
totally healed yet
Tea association has sought reo
tic circles, but with little success
liated with the American Associaticn. for the Ad
but ware refused. There are airveral mnartries regreacated in the PA nt
meeting vas held in England to satisfy European
e organization is American dminatedaM run. Although
sionally powerful, it =MS as an identification
.d ethtt so for the out-grouo of parasoleratists.
ot the better end highly respected umbers of the Pommy-rho-
ly vith Dr. Rhine for 25 rsars is Dr. &tither
Pratt, it3 at the sity of Virginias Medical School. as prin
ification of good ESP subjects at
Of Yfrgtna. He i citi authored a book and is also lecturing
which are not
t t1e coun
visited Itsyl
with Profee
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is probably better informed on this type of research being daft around
*yid than any other single Wividual.
Thew* ere other investigatcem who night be Igentionedit eoseci ton with
Ilkine gray atoi the Association, but it would Bake tedious reading
of the better, Isom individuals are: Dr. Gertrude Geheerldler, City
College, Nee York; Dr. Carroll B. 'Sash, St. Joseph's College, Philadelphial
Pa.; Da. John freeman, Institute of Parapsychology, Durban, North Carolina;
Mrs. Sally Feather, Psychiatry Departsent? Duke University Bospitall threham?
North Carolina; Dr. B. A. McConnell) Biophysics Department, University of
Pittsburgh; Dr. Montag.= MUM) 4802 10th Avenue, Brooklyn, New *fork;
Mrs. Is White, Westburde Long island; Dr. laurel= Cusler City Collage
New York.
Assoelatica.
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occult obits:mutt and BM reaserch. Dr. Puharieh is a
very scnb1 i4tYtdUa1 who has a lzrotal scope of intimate beyond the
He is quite a sicphisticated person and is veil inftreed about
paraparaiolocr. At mesento Dr. Puherich is coneerned vith bio-ssedical
resseareh and deseacgment at the Intelesizron Corp., tad be does rake only
an oceasional research foray
of the better known European *enters
under the Direction of Dr. 11.11.0 Tenho. f. He is theirs= of
the Departt of Purapycho3.rand has gained ceesiderable publicity
Croisett. Wow maw articles have been
bility to locate lost or sliest* people and to heal
the ztek, A populer book has been wriiiike sartitled? Croisett the
d bes kis life and gifts. the SM13.1
jet t are generally thoughtto beosagiorrated
but he ii still oubt atti and posriodically the subject of sore nee
a a few 5t2gi. out
I..
A
ted
i ivy son*.
16
ble
ne
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be vas rooeivive logoolosionso MOW, pictures Void ore not ordinarily
of ow ev eriaase. this way he allegedly pima kandedge
iLtsbe to rolol, or tbo other people. Ms itencoustrations of this ability
bees relatively iswessive. Is can tell frail an object owned by sota-
comiaorable intimation about the ieoftividuel. It is difficult
ie as =curate as indietted but in the demonstrattmus
to vith his statements.
The life at the ve is not au easy one particularly when he has
new culture. Ite. turbos has had to perform publicly
noney to live. BO boa boon given publicity
ha* in a ae, perhaps made him feel rem femme tint be Chould. AA
fferent life than he it have anticipated.
entertainment and in public demonstration
Ora
mill help malce Mn look more son
Moult subject to study with
and, therefore, will adjust
b*s developednenl conners of
impression of being
ect for a long-term
? A. Puboriob end
the
ovi
st
3.7
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PARAPSICROIWI
nuadmer Of' Year*, therre have been peqple in the *mhingtcn orea
with the area of NW arel the =cult. They are
vith the Dukelaboratories ar an specific ESP center. Their
act to e4uctresew:It* but rather to watch tienzatetrations
nationstogive =soy far mom* in
woul4 *ay they have influence Cal VrOCUVratnt at t2M5,
Rietsw1 paprhiatriet hes been
Washington. Re is extremely
t a good deal a time attempting
particularly in the card reeding
dual about the occult scene od
ee4bgpersonalities. Re has held
o be somonetat of center of
that theae photons=
as Peter Rados.
on have hired
V
083.5 ?
Re is sore of a ossonicatar then an investigator
toga for people vith sladler interests.
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MEM Fa
Lb
and
has,
.me
Mr. Abram
3. lie
Itr. Abrams' resatercho although of interest, never really opced
bowed the pi2ot stage, because of other eommitments and funding difficulties.
At smart far a telecommunications laboratory to be
rm. A. established rather *sod =mot with Pofcas Vastliev and
oalleagues and Welted Moscow and Leningrad to 3cte.
TheL*are erinanl other noted UP advocates In Ifergissal who have written
ks
Professor 3. a. goal of Loeb= is cos of the
shed an excellent book entitled
a a suwerior review at
s an avid fan
is a very br
the research
occult
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re2at,e13r effective palm. Ohe is a believer but ase Itto mane to be mil
belaneett. Mgr 'book *None the Reach of Bane in veil wittiest.
rieI1e *e Tart Ovate in BM'
et at Orford he
Profteser O. D. Board
of the
sting
? I.. Price. ithiiohe?et
the
by
rent nae
leok *
Apia the wed to won*
4't atioti each at]
20
n of
On WM&
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sae" viiido little to advance the reputation of Fa
At at1 their mare informal missad ant confident
it vse in Reglend that much of the Russian
Stimptima Anew in Ray 19620 sto had recently returned from Yesilierv s
by
laboratmy. It wad be. interesting to speculate has encouraged *as
to beam* intstrearted B. There ie sew indica that
Starr which sa4 publicised by MO 141=0 a Sunday supplement on
19630 may have *tartest saa* of this activity. The inentsmission
signals from a sulearixte to a lend base vas first reported
In a Trench TIMIIMerin 1959. It is quite possible that this base ivAport
repeated in sem poiblications and by ward of mouth cause,' the Russians to
mom that the U.S. had a breakthrough in this area. Perhaps at the same
tiro the emesing story stirred some of the U.S. scientists to retkink their
ovT **dames of ESP. Regardless $ince that general time f trt Ones there have
hem Indication* of considerable activities in both sides ce the curtain.
Om Russian lack is difficult to evalmite because te the many confusing
reports azat metteut by visitors who aeon to see that which they are moti
'sated to see. Some of hat /144 b.012 said to
reality old reeearch. Some of the visitor's have
made by extwesely )7reminent Soviet scientist* that
eases of mistaken identity. Other people, however
misinformetion and it is reyeated without source
researeh is in
reported statements
sure were simple
eked up this
and assumed to
be men 41;t4, As areELi, st recent claims in the Browning-St= book; this
writer feels is perletys. exagmated.
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Vadliev is the 'beat knosn in the 1'1e34. Re i Professor
a
aims lie many
bialegioal raft) ameaunication, ir
their exierinentera in shi
2?
Us seek sea reperted to be
A. Assttsn, Director of the
Acatienv of
research end.
Wallies* staff consists of
by
sta an a
orionited d
Y L. Ld Yesiliev,
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MIER Meal
Ibreitesecr Gregory Rearm,
"WytYee% has been such interested in Ws dersal tget
subject Ilea under study. His report ert
calAaociatton Meeting in 3.965 reviewed
believed the Russian remora vw
ett1y 2ed an that it ms vca'thy ttention. Sine* that time,
his 01)SerlenhiCa
in the Russian
view.
0 but has enoouraged
York, to investi
*there
se Dr
Richard routs or
orb* ham asses.
The antber Owe witnessed
buries* subject and round the individual demnaten
behavior quite
his own ibilities. Others who have observed believe fraud is involved
It cases or =awl behavior do not above sat
vetuy bque of ArnUrig limitations or experinenter bias. Thia
ye attention so long as convinciug
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private or goverenextel agencies. These are usually sperhed by a need to
get a quiet:answer to a croblea not easily solred in a conventional
AMC maple the difficulty of camannicating across great distances in
ben Oven the enthusiast inroadsthat e previously denied
supports tk view that *mental energy" can be traeacitted tauten-
*loll at
the 'wawa
It. W. Levriela
rested at a oonferecace o Cytmanartic itapeets of litan4lachine Relation
the University of Made au 33 Arbruary 3965 is an exam
on to the
cli the
zflz
of RR This review unfor-
let to the saaningfulnes
More in these *sate:lc
(meta= and the methodology
Lccepted as scientifically
of a question
ti*toi, bias, vete., and
ie 'to tl*se rather elusive
tUn of pert re*?ch with-
and
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L.
aktSrou ch give e saphiaticehted techniques for
of the mi and 'body perhaps vill erode the
t more preciek studies of these now ephemeral
Dnfortamat.ih as has been indicated, the parapsychologist
to utilize the equipment and method
the probeuts and progress wtU bemade by the other
their more conservative interest .
eh studies now in progress of acceptable
at 3.east bear peripheral interest to the study ofEWP 016enonena.
With interpersonal interactions - -sonevhere here the social
is conscious of the as-yet unmeasured cues vhich are
integrated and used to assess other persons. We
Auft3.s vary in their ability to be aware of the reaction
ht1it of these. We refer to this as sensitivit and c]aify individuals
such a eontinuum. This skill, or gift, is not completely understood
so far it is not considered extra sensory. Perhaps it eould be called
eenaitvty. All sensory inputs contributing to a. nor. -accurate -than
age anent and prediction of how this individual behaves.
systematically exploring *nes utilised by persons defl as
this supra sensory level you'd help us identify the
vior idh are so rich in predictive infornation. It seems reasonable
e.t.ve that top-notch salesmen operate on such cues as do confluence men
highly ekiUM diagnosticians.
is a eusit1vtty a product of an
thought processing system
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Ingle or
highly developed sensory path which ve presently do
measure off ly (an acute olftctory sense coMbined with other data)?
Resew& in thie area is feasible vith present techniques eMmay well
contribute to understanding of same aspects of the more ephemeral phenomena.
2. levironmental factors in which we operate as creatures of the universe
h've 2or been suspected of having effects on behavior. Studies in clima-
tology, radiation aed metabrolOSY ere SP4eins pramincym and attenil
There are many isi than impressive reeearchers in this area, but with the
development of appropriate measuring tools and the pr
about environmental and ecological factors, better sc
interested.
The researdh on iodisation offect on, b or and health isspotty but
prcelsing Atmospheric conditions
know more
are beccedng
their tiwk on the body and mind is
moviesfr old wives tals status to systematic documentation. Rven effects
of gravity. ional factors of earth and alum planets are beginning to go
beyond the astrologist charts. Radiation, man induced and natural has
come under scrutinY by the ecientific communtWOben before all of these
a Ubjects vere discussed in science ticti the occult. Science is
bringing system to such studies speculation is structured as testable
hypotheses rather than hopes. dentification of the late variables
are sought in order to identify the conditions under iddeh the Pheemene
combo controlled, studied and eventualliisolated forcawe aa1 effect
relationships
stood and put in i
this is accomplished, then the phenomenon can be under
proper>. plane !nth* system, of knowledge.
to aby research in the eioteric is s. real uMerstaing
ion of man. There is considerdble research crb1e
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today with the development of bioelectronic aparatus and computers that were
only in the hypothesis stage in the past. Through 10.me studies, we hope
to relate behavior specifically to neurological and biochemical events of
the human mechanism. Such findings will begin to permit control and nani
pulation of the aensory.motor systems and the brain so that the limits of
neurological ipput systems can be evaluated. At the same time function
can be identified with structure.'
Ilemearch oa memory has been epCpular put
of time for many years starting seriously
proach by Ebbinghaus in 1885. Most of our knowledge is concentrated in
the short-te "basis because of the difficulties of studying sdbjeets under
centrolled tics= for long periods of time. This neglect of an important
keowlcdge area is slotaybein&corrected or adjusted. The theoretical
a functional as well as organic approach to the storage
have major ipplicatione for the 2 research.
5. The use of computers for analysis of complex data and manipulation
of response order iou14 appear to be a tool with which new and old research
data can be eaineL These techniques are certainly promisSMO, as MOM
and for isolating trends of subjects in their "hits
es to the standard ESP experiments. 3ome inves-
titora in the field are excited about the computer's potential.
This is not a cclets review of the ESP field, nor can one be written
because of the constant Chauges imposed on persons, attitudes, and situations.
The paper should, however, give the reader a smattering of knowledge about
the complexity of evaluating the findings of such research.
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SG1D
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