INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ON THE SPACE STATION PROGRAM -- SECOND DRAFT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP92B00181R001901730041-5
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 15
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 2, 2012
• Sequence Number: 41
• Publication Date: April 12, 1984
• Content Type: MEMO

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rONFIDENTIAL
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
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April 12, 1984
MEMORANDUM FOR MEMBERS OF THE INTERAGENCY GROUP FOR SPACE .
SUBJECT: International Cooperation on the Space
Station Program -- Second Draft (C)
k
Attached is the second draft of the report to the President on
International Cooperation on the Space Station Program produced
by the IG(SPAce) drafting team. The report identifies two
issues:
- To the extent that foreign participation in elements
of the "core" program is realized, should the monetary
value of such foreign contributions be considered as
off-sets to the $8 Billion U.S. program?
- Should agencies have the authority to assess the
technology transfer implications related to programs
administered by other agencies? (C)
You will note that the second issue is identical to one
identified in the second draft of the NSDD on National Space
Strategy previously forwarded for your comment. (U)
We would appreciate your comments on the attached draft no
later than COB April 19, 1984. With your comments, we.will
provide the report to ,the President and request resolution of
the two issues. (U)
? 01/?
Attachment
CONFIDENTIAL

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J. M. Poindexter
Deputy Assistant to the
President for National
Security Affairs
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Space Station--International Participation
Background
On January 25, 1984, the President announced four goals for
keeping America "free, secure and at peace" in the 1980's:
ensuring steady economic growth, developing the next
frontier--space, strengthening traditional values, and building
a meaningful peace. The second of these goals--sRace--
contained three elements:
-- the President directed NASA to begin immediately the
development ot a permanently manned Space Station so that
Americans can be living and working in space within a decade;
-- in order to strengthen our relationships with our
friends and allies, he invited them to participate in the
development and utilization of the Space Station;
-- to develop the commercial potential of space, he called
for government and industry to work closely to stimulate
increased private sector investment and involvement in space.
Immediately preceeding his State of the Union Message, on
January 24, the President sent a letter to the Heads of
State/Government of the Economic Summit countries (Germany,
France, the UK, Italy, Canada and Japan). He noted his
impending Space Station announcement and his hope that these
countries would work with the U.S. on the project. He also
indicated that he had asked James Beggs, NASA Administrator, to
act as his personal emissary to meet with senior officials of
their countries. He noted that Mr. Beggs would be reporting
back to him so that a plan for international cooperation could
be formulated.
At A January A planning meeting for the London Economic
Summit, the President expressed support for the idea that the
Heads of State/Government issue a statement at the Summit
regarding their intention to cooperate with the U.S. on the
Space Station. The U.S. has proposed that the Summit partners
should "agree in principle to cooperate in the development of
an international Space Station, demonstrating that free nations
will continue to use outer space for peaceful purposes and for
the benefit of all mankind."
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Results of Trip
During their trip to foreign capitals, Mr. Beggs and his
delegation met with leading political, foreign policy and
technical officials, including three Heads of State/Government
(Japan, France and Italy). (See Attachment I for list of
officials met.) Overall, interest in cooperation with the U.S.
in the Space Station was indicated by the high governmental
levels at which Beggs was received throughout his trip, and by
the positive remarks made in these meetings. It appears that
political decisions have already been made in both Europe and
Japan to cooperate with the U.S. The primary remaining
concerns abroad are: 1) budget constraints where tradeoffs
between domestic space programs and cooperation with the U.S.
must be made; 2) the need to understand the nature and extent
of potential U.S. military involvement; and 3) ability to work
out mutually-agreeable means of minimizing technology transfer
problems and protecting intellectual property rights. It is
clear that the London Summit is an important driver and the
ability of the U.S. to gain a visible political commitment
there remains important to all potential partners. All
appeared likely to support the U.S. Summit initiative. (See
Attachment II for summary of foreign reactions.)
Goals and Objectives for International Participation
The President has directed NASA to develop a permanently manned
U.S. Space Station within a decade. He has also invited this
nation's friends and allies to participate in the development
program. In implementing the President's instruction for
international participation in the Space Station, we must
ensure that the broad goals of the U.S. in international
cooperation in space activtties as outlined in NSDD-42 and
NSDD-50 are met. These goals are to promote international
cooperative activities in the national interest, to cooperate
with other nations in maintaining the freedom of space for
activities which enhance the security and welfare of mankind,
to protect national security, to promote foreign policy goals,
to advance national science and technology and to maximize
national-economic benefits, including domestic considerations.
Other goals and objectives include:
-- enhance the capability of the $83 baseline U.S. Space
Station which the President has committed the U.S. to develop,
-- protect against adverse technology transfer,
-- [reduce U.S. budgetary burden (offset the $8Billion cost
of the program),] (OMB)
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-- maintain the option for participation of the full range
of USG users consistent with national policy and international
treaties and agreements to which the U.S. is a signatory,
-- encourage U.S. private sector investment in space, in
conjunction with international cooperation.
International participation in the Space Station program must
be negotiated and carried out in a way that advances the
overall national interest.
0
Possibilities for International Participation
Mr. Beggs indicated during his consultations overseas that he
would see a contribution on the order of $2B from Europe and on
the order ofs-$1 - 1.5B from Japan as appropriate considering
the level of their space capabilities and efforts.
If we are to achieve the above objectives, our foreign partners
will want to do things that appeal to them on the Space
Station. To the extent that their interests are compatible
with U.S. interests, we should encourage them to formulate and
present proposals. Our potential partners all have mature
space programs with strong industrial infrastructures and well
developed space policies. Their proposals for participation
will reflect their own interests.
During NASA's early planning process, Canada, ESA, France,
Germany, Italy and Japan conducted separate parallel studies
regarding Space Station uses at their own expense. Regular
information meetings were held and study results were
exchanged. These studies served to uncover ideas for utilizing
the Space Station. The conclusions were wide-ranging and
generally compatible with NASA's. These foreign-funded
utilization studies have, of course, been closely linked to
Space Station development interests in the particular
countries. (See Attachment III for examples of foreign
interests.)
During the next two years, NASA will conduct an extended
definition phase study of the Space Station in order 'to design
the Station best capable of meeting requirements, facilitating
management and providing flexibility for growth. As time goes
on, there will be less and less flexibility in the Station
design. Potential partners need to participate in the
planning. Foreign insight into this planning process would
allow them to hone their ideas for participation; it would also
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allow them to feed in their proposals so that the final design
accommodates all the parts. NASA will hold frequent
international workshops over the next two years to permit this
cross-fertilization to occur. The access of any foreign
participant to the planning process will be commensurate with
the seriousness of its commitment to participate and with the
willingness to invest funds in relevant planning activity.
This linkage was made clear by Mr. Beggs during his recent
visits. We will also invite potential U.S. private sector
investors to participate fully in the planning process.
Policy Guidelines for Government-to-Government International
Cooperation
It would be premature at this time to generate a firm list of
pieces that certain partners could or could not contribute. ?
We will begin negotiations to seek agreements for participation
while we are firming up the Station's design. Potential
partners' proposals will be evaluated to ensure that foreign
participation satisfies U.S. goals and objectives. (All
proposals, of course, will be viewed in the context of U.S.
industry's interests.)
The following represent general guidelines to international
participation which will assist in guiding our negotiations:
Core vs. Additive: EThe President has made a major foreign
policy initiative by inviting this nation's friends and allies
to join us in the Space Station program. Nonetheless, it is
important to recognize that the U.S. commitment to the program
is not contingent upon foreign participation. The President
has directed NASA to develop a permanently manned Space Station
within a decade in order to satisfy U.S. civil and commercial
requirements, to maintain U.S. space leadership, and to satisfy
other goals of the National Space Policy. The program must be
conducted so that international participation or lack thereof
does not prevent the achievement of the programmatic goal
levied by the President. Thus international
government-to-government cooperation in the Space Station
program.will take place on elements which are additive to the
core capability of the U.S. Space Station. This approach
avoids placing foreign partners on the critical path to
achieving the President's goal. At the same time, it also
maximizes our negotiating leverage by avoiding the posture of
dependence upon potential partners for satisfaction of our
domestic goals.)(NASA)
CSome of the elements noted in the above sections represent
capabilities that would add to the $8B U.S. core Space Station;
some represent part of that core. Foreign participation in
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