DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP91T01172R000200110001-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 150
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 20, 2004
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: July 1, 1952
• Content Type: BULL

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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
6046, 1 July 1952
I. Military Operations
AM
Action flared on a new sector of the front as North Korean elements in
battalion strength attacked positions of the US 25th Division in the eastern
sector near the "Punchbowl." The enemy attack, supported by almost 19300 rounds
of mortar ani artillery fire, was repulsed. Minor activity occurred along the
rest of the front,
Navy
UN naval aircraft on the west coast flew 12 combat sorties against enemy
targets as weather closed down carrier operations on the east coast. Naval
surface craft maintained the blockade and attacked enemy troop, supply and
industrial installations on both coasts.
UN land-based aircraft flew 339 sorties, of which 185 were combat. Medium
bombers attacked a railroad bridge in north central Korea.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
On 28 June two North Korean Army soldiers deserted to the UN near
Panmunjom. They stated upon preliminary interrogation that their former unit
was the "4451st Headquarters Company, Temporary Pfd Exchange Unit." (This is
the first indication that the Communists have carried their cease-fire planning
to the extent of organizing a "PW exchange unit.")
Political
The Dutch and Australian delegates to the UN Commission for the Unifica-
tion and Rehabilitation of Korea were warned confidentially that the UN delegates
DIA and DOS review(s) completed. SECRET
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THE C.I.A. HAS NO OB.TECfil`ON
TO THE DECTASSIFICATION cE
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IIwhho play a prominent part in UNCURKOs activities" should leave Korea as soon as
possible or beware of assassination. Home Minister Yi Pom-sok' s reaction, on
being informed, was that he considered the threat not serious. He made the
safety of TJNCURK members his personal responsibility.
Ambassador Muccio, in comment on the story that RRhee plans to appoint
Yi Pom-sok as Defense Minister and pro-ghee youth corps leader An Ho-sang
as Home Minister, states that this is one of the current rumors in Pusan. While
the President is trying to find a replacement for the present Defense Minister
and may be considering Yi among others, Muccio does not believe Rhee would push
these appointments. Yi's appointment as Defense Minister could be disastrous,
in the Ambassador?s opinion, from the point of view of maintaining the non-
political nature of the ROK armed forces.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
6047, 2 July 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
A raiding party from the ROK let Division in the western Sangnyong area
fought a seven-hour engagement against Chinese defenders before capturing their
objective, The Chinese counterattacked 'with three platoons in an effort to re-
capture the position. In the east central sector near Tuchon, other Chinese
defenders forced a raiding party from the US 7th Division to withdraw after a
fierce 45 minute engagement.
I a
Naval air sorties were flown in western Korea from the light carrier
"Bataan" against enemy troop and supply targets. Carriers of Task Force 77 on
the east coast were engaged in reeuppiy. UN naval surface craft bombarded
enemy shore installations.
Air
UN land-based aircraft flew only 376 sorties, of which 125 were combat.
Medium bombers attacked a vital railroad bridge in northwestern Korea.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
A Korean Army general court martial convicted leading opposition Assembly-
man So Min-ho on 1 July of murdering a Korean Army captain on 24 April and
sentenced him to death. The sentence is subject to review by Rhee. The Assembly
opposition is reported to be considerably aroused. (The recently deposed presid-
ing officer at the trial, Brigadier General Choe, has reported that Martial Law
Commander Won originally ordered him to complete the trial in two or three days
and to produce a death sentence.)
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THE C. I. A, HAS NO OSJCTION
TO THE DEC! ASSIFICATION OF
THIS DOCUAErTr
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President Rhee confided to Ambassador Muccio on 28 June that he is under
pressure from representatives of local assemblies which will compel him to take
action soon., since the Assembles delaying tactics have gone far enough. Rhee
mentioned in the conversation that Prime Minister Chang Taek-sang had come to
him for money. The Ambassador replied that he hoped Rhee would nevertheless dis-
cuss the situation calmly with 15 or 20 "reasonable" Assemblymen. (Rheeas refer-
e=9 to the Prime Minister presumably was intended as proof of the line he has
taken for the past 10 days that he must rid the Assembly of the corrupt members,
about 80 in number. To date the President has remained adamant on the score of
compromising with the "reasonable" members of the opposition.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
.6048, 3 July 1952
I. Military Operations
AmM
Action along the front was limited to a few enemy-initiated probes and
routine patrol contacts.
Navy
Naval aircraft from Task Force 77 on the east coast flew 183 sorties against
enemy supply., transportation and troop installations. Heavy weather in the west
limited operations of the light carrier Bataan. UN naval surface craft bombarded
enemy coastal installations on both coasts.
UN land-based aircraft flew 379 sorties., of which 159 were combat. Medium
bombers flew 32 sorties against two vital rail bridges in north central Korea.
No enemy MG-15's reportedly were encountered.
Ii. Military Intelligence
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The North Korean Army on 1 June designated the IV Corps as the "West Coast
Special Task Force" and the V Corps as the "East Coast Special Task Force." E;;l
o corps are reported to be completely mobile and, while charged primarily with
a defensive mission, are capable of "supporting offensive action." The IV Corps
aggregates 3 infantry., 1 armored, and 1 mechanized divisions in addition to a
mechanized artillery brigade. The V Corps comprises 3 infantry divisions, 1
mechanized division, and two artillery brigades.
(The current deployment of these corps suggests a mission mach as des-
cribed in this report, although this cannot be completely confirmed. Organiza-
tionally, the report credits the IV Corps with one too many infantry divisions
and the V Corps with a mechanized division whose existence also cannot be con-
firmed. If this new organization is correct, presumably the North Korean VII
Corps in the Wonsan area is now available for combat duty.)
THE C.I.A., F?.q.S No ORT CTION
SECRET
TO THE D ? !r 3s
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TF.'IS DOCUMENT.
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III? General Situation
Political
Ambassador Muccio commsnts that the death sentence for opposition
Assemblyman So has come as a surprise to most informed Koreans in view of the
weakness of the case. There is evidence that the sentence is arousing mounting
indignation not only in the opposition but also among those elements heretofore
considered neutral in the struggle between the President and the Assembly.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
6049, 5 July 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Chinese forces in west central Korea carried out an hour long probe in
platoon-strength against an outpost of the US 45th Division for the most
significant ground action of 4 July. Similar probes by battalion-strengh
Chinese forces in the same sector of the line on the previous day were
repulsed. Also on 3 July, a raiding part from the US 1st Marine Division
in western Korea met jti.ff resistance from a well-emplaced enemy battalion
north of Panmunjom.
Nav
Naval aircraft from Task Force 77 off eastern Korea flew 168 sorties
on 3 July. No report has been received on 4 July?s operations. In the
west, naval aircraft from the US light carrier Bataan and the British
carrier Ocean attacked enemy installations on 3 and 4 July. Naval sa~r-
face craft bombarded enemy shore installations and maintained the block-
ade.
Air
On 4 July, UN land-based aircraft flew 909 effective sorties, of
which 540 were combat. Two medium bomber missions were flown. Communist
jets were much in evidence, as 84 MIG-15's and 2 Type-l5Qs were ob-
served in flight. Of those observed, 47 were encountered with 10
definitely destroyed, 2 more claimed destroyed, and 8 claimee ed.
(Most of these were hit by U F-86 Is during the Sakcfu raid. )
II. Military Intelligence
IOit Rem Areas
Photo reconnaissance of an area southeast of Sakchu, near the
Manchurian border in northwestern Korea revealed that there was heavy
activity at the location of a reported North Korean Arny Military
Academy. Intelligence reports had indicated that some 2,000 North Korea
officer-trainees under-60 instructors were to graduate in July. r
0 THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
HW DOCUMENT.
THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBSSECTION
ii--
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On 4 July, UN fighter-bombers, escorted by F-86's, launched a
concentrated attack on installations. Preliminary reports indicate that
the strike was successful with considerable destruction to enemy facilities.
During the attack, enemy MG-15's attempted to intercede and were engaged
by UN F-86ts. Nine of the Communist jets were downed, one was probably
downed and seven were damaged at a cost of two lost F-86's.
Political
The South Korean National Assembly on 4 July voted to pass four con-
stitutional amendments. The amendments, representing a "compromise" between
Rhee and his political opposition, provided for the popular election of
the president, the establishment of a bi-cameral legislature, the right of
the Assembly to overthrow the cabinet, and the selection of the cabinet
by the prime minister.
The necessary two-thirds majority of Assemblymen to'effect these amend-
ments was achieved by a police round-up of opposition members and by the
government's release, to attend the National Assembly, of 10 legislators
under arrest for "conspiracy." The "compromise" was passed by a vote
of 163 to 0 with 3 abstentions.
According to press sources, the presidential election will be held 15 July.
(This latest move apparently represents a considerable shift in Rhee's
position. Earliw in the week he presented the Assembly with a virtual ul-
timatum to agree to popular presidential election or face dissolution.
American observers in Pusan had stated nearly two weeks ago that Rhee could
have effected this "compromise" at any time of his choosing. The passing
of the "compromise" amendments, may put an end to. the political crisis in
South Korea. The election of a president on 15 July, however, is a virtual
guarantee that Rhee will continue as chief executive..)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
6050, 7 July 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
On 5 July, Chinese forces probed UN positions in the west central Mabang
area and in the east central Talchon area. No serious action developed. During
6 July, however, Chinese forces near Panmunjom, in the west, launched a series
of probes against positions of the US 1st Marine Division. These probes,
eventually repelled, were supported by over 5,000 rounds of mortar and artillery
fire. In the west central Chorwon area, two companies of Chinese probed posi-
tions of the ROK 9th Division.
Navy
On 5 and 6 July, naval aircraft operated against targets in North Korea from
UN carriers on the west coast. Aircraft from Task Force 77 on the east coast,
after 256 sorties on 5 July, did not fly on 6 July, while the force engaged in re-
supply. UN naval surface craft continued bombardment of enemy share installations
and maintained the blockade,
Air
On 6 July,, UN land based aircraft flew 619 sorties, of which 330 were combat.
The previous day, 719 were flown with 421 combat sorties. UN medium bombers
attacked enemy transportation targets in north central and north eastern Korea on
6 July. TX FF86's on patrol in the Yalu River area observed 4 MIG 15rs on 5 July,
but no encounter took place,
II. Military Intelligence
Ara
The Far East Command reports that the Chinese Communist 42nd Army, recently
relieved from combat in west central Korea by the 38th Army, has withdrawn from
the vicinity of the front lines and now has a coastal security and line of
communication mission in the area from Pyongyang to Sinanju.
FEOM reached this conclusion from the statements of recent prisoners taken
from the 38th Army who reported this move. (The effect of this withdrawal is a
slight lessening of enemy offensive capabilities in the westjcentral sector.)
THE C.I:A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
THIS DOCUMENT.
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III, General Situation
Political
Ambassador Muccio reports that on 5 July 131 members of the National Assembly
signed a petition asking for the retrial of So Min hop Assemblyman convicted of
murdering a South Korean Army captain and sentenced to death in a trial that had
been widely considered rigged. The petition was delivered to the American Con,
sulate General in Pusan.
A French news agency announced on 6 July the creation of a South Korean
Government air defense organization under the direction of Home Minister Yi
Pots-sok. Several subsections have already been created in principal cities and
provincial centers "in order to forewarn civilians of air attacks by Communist
forces," (The need for such an organization has been apparent for some time. Yi,
however, has displayed a predilection in the past for employing such paramilitary
forces for his own political ends.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8006, 8 July 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
In western Korea, Chinese forces, defending from bunkers in the PunJi
area, withstood a company size raiding party from the US lst Marine Division
for four hours. The US unit finally withdrew. In the east central sector
near Kumsong, a reinforced company of Chinese troops, supported by fire from
14 tanks, nearly overran an outpost of the ROK 6th Division. Artillery and
mortar fire was also used by the attacking enemy. In the Yulsa area to the
east of Kumsong, a raiding party from the ROK Capital Division was engaged and
forced to withdraw by a Chinese company, supported by mortar, artillery,, and
a flame-thrower.
EM
UN carrier based aircraft flew 250 sorties against enemy installations on
the east and west coasts. UN naval surface craft bombarded enemy shore installa-
tions and maintained the blockade.
Air
UN land based aircraft flew 720 sorties, of which 389 were combat. The
principal medium bomber targets were railroad bridges and a marshalling yard
in northwestern Korea. No enemy jets were observed airborne, but an undeter-
mined number were observed on Tatungkuo airfield.
II. Military Intelligence
ROK interrogators have learned from recent refugees from northeastern
Korea that there has been considerable movement of North Korean Army units
north toward Chongjin from the Wonsan-Hamhung area. (The reasons behind such
a movement are difficult to explain. It is possible that better training areas
exist in the northeast or that a concentration of troops is being effected in
the Chongjin area for possible future action against UN held Yangdo off the
coast between Songjin and Chongjin.) I',
THE C. C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE E E ,' ASSIFICATION OF
THIS DOCUMENT.
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III. General Situation
Political
The speaker of the ROK National Assembly, Sin Ik-hi, called on President
Rhea on 5 July to congratulate him on his "victory" over the Assembly. Rhee, in
a conciliatory mood, admitted that he had gone too far at times., but stated that
"proper legal processes" would be observed from here on out.
Sin,a strong Democratic Nationalist Party man., told Rhea that the ROK was
headed for a "totalitarian" state if only one party (Rhea's Liberals) were allowed
to exist. Sin protested against the suppression of the DNP at the local level by
Rhea's Liberals. Rhea answered him by saying that he agreed that the two-party
system was necessary and that he would endeavor to provide freedom for the DNP
to function without restraint.
Ambassador Muccio reports that, the Communist conspiracy court martial
trial was adjourned for ten days on 7 July at the request of the defense. Embassy
officials have the impression that all parties are stalling and have noted an air
of optimism on the part of the defendants, The Ambassador believes the govern-
ment may be seeking a mechanism for dropping the case without loss of face.
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D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
The most significant action of the period occurred in the east central
Yulsa sector where a Chinese platoon, supported by over 71 500 rounds of mortar
and artillery fire, forced a withdrawal of an outpost position of the ROK
Capital Division. A few miles to the west of this, UN artillery engaged enemy
tanks moving along the road toward Kumsong. Brief patrol contacts marked action
along the rest of the front.
Navy
Naval aircraft from UN carriers on the east coast flew 189 sorties against
enemy installations, including strikes at transformer yards and hydroelectric
installations in the Hochon river system. No naval air operations were conducted
on the east coast, UN naval surface craft bombarded the enemy held shores.
UN land-based aircraft flew 1,003 sorties, of which 721 were combat.
Medium bombers concentrated their effort on neutralizing an important railroad
marshalling yard in northwestern Korea. Of the 360 fighter-bomber missions flown,
43 were against a power plant in the Changjin river system north of Hamhung. Re-
turning pilots claimed more than 22 hits were scored on the target. Although
only 1 NIG-15 and 2 unidentified aircraft were seen in the air during the period,,,
136 swept-wing fighters were sighted on Commiunist airfields in the Yalu river
complex.
II. Military Intelligence
Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8007, 9 July 1952
Enemsr Rear Areas
Poor weather conditions from 26 June to 3 July so reduced enemy vehicle
sightings that no accurate analysis was possible. Only 8,707 vehicles were ob-
served. UN naval units reported 1,400 enemy vehicles moving on the east coast.
The great majority of these were in the Wonsan area where extremely heavy truck
traffic has been reported. Despite the lack of sightings, Far East Air Force
believes that enemy transport activity during the period was above normal.
" THE C.I,A., H: NO OBJECTION
T?.) THE P E`.'-gin `_' SIFICATION OF
THIS DOCUMENT.
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Interrogation of a North Korean POW by a US naval unit revealed that the
commander of the supply dumps in an area south of Wonsan has been ordered to send
all ammunition to the frontlines by 10 July. (Analysis of recent vehicle sight-
ings has revealed a continued high movement of supplies and ammunition toward the
frontline )
III. General. Situation
Cease-fire
In a 7 July diatribe from Peiping., an unusually moderate note was intro-
duced relative to the peace talks at Panmunjom. The Chinese claimed that ?'recently
the Americans have begun to change their attitude . e . and have shown a desire to
seek a solution to the POW question,n (Previous concessions made by the enemy in
the truce talks have invariably been preceded by a barrage of propaganda present-
ing the concession as a victory for the Communists.)
Nehru has advised American Ambassador Bowles that the Indian Government
has heard nothing further from Indian Ambassador Panikkar in Peiping in regard
to the c-e .se-fire. An inquiry has been sent to Peiping asking for a progress
reports
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8008, 10 July 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I, Military Operations
Army
The most severe action of the period occurred on the east coast where a
battalion-strength raiding party from the ROK 5th Division fought an incon-
clusive all-day battle with North Korean defenders of a strategic hill. The
North Koreans used nearly 10,000 rounds of mortar and artillery fire in repuls-
ing the raid. Further to the west, in the east central Yulsa sector, Chinese
pressure was maintained on elements of the ROK Capital Division which were
forced to withdraw from outpost positions.
Navy
Naval aircraft from carriers operating on thseast and west coasts flew
277 sorties against enemy installations in North Korea. Northeast of Hungnam,
naval surface vessels bombarded enemy supply lines and defense positions.
UN land based aircraft flew 611 effective sorties, of which 262 were
combat, The principal medium bomber target, a railroad bypass in northwestern
Korea, was attacked by nine B-29ts. No enemy aircraft were sighted in the air,,
but UN F-86 pilots, on two occasions on the morning of 9 July, sighted 200 air-
craft on the Yalu River airfields of Antung and Tatungkuo.
II. Military Intelligence
ArM
The Far East Command reports that further interrogation of a recent North
Korean prisoner taken near Kaesong reveals that he heard that two battalions of
the 82nd Regiment departed Kaesong for the Wonsan area on 20 June. Between 5
and 7 July a new Chinese unit, about 3,000 strong, arrived in Kaesong. (The
move of the North Korean 82nd Regiment from the Kaesong area leaves this impor-
tant sector of the front without any North Korean troop representation.)
In the afternoon of 9 July, UN aerial observers sighted three small un-
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identified aircraft on Pyongyang airfield.
Photo reconnaissance of this field on 7 July revealed that repair activity
was in progress. At that time about 3,000 feet of sod runway were operable.
III. General Situation
Political
A Nationalist Chinese news agency reports from Pusan that So Min-ho,
National Assemblyman who was tried for murder and sentenced to death, has won a
rehearing. President Rhee granted the retrial after receiving petitions from
130 members of the Assembly. (The trial and conviction of So, one of the out-
spoken opposition leaders, was described as rigged by foreign observers and was
one of Rhee's methods for applying pressure on the opposition. If the prosecu-
tion's recent change of tactics in the Communist conspiracy trial is a yard-
stick, the granting of a retrial suggests that So will be given a lighter,
possibly even a suspended, sentence. This might serve to remove some of the
criticism of Rhee's recent tactics.)
According to the US Embassy in Pusan, election of the Assembly speaker
and vice-speakers is scheduled for 10 July. Former speaker Sin Ik-hi is be-
lieved to have the best chance for the speakership while the election of two
opposition men as vice-speakers is possible, The Embassy comments, however,
that it is possible that one of the vice-speaker candidates will have to make
way for a pro-Rhee man, (Yun Chi-yun, a member of the militant Rhee clique,
has been mentioned as a possible vice-speaker candidate.)
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I- A
Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8009, 11 July 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
AM
Strong enemy defensive tactics characterized action along the front. In the
west central Mabang area, a M 45th Division battalion raiding party, supported by
armor, was forced to withdraw by a vigorously defending Chinese force of undetermin-
ed size. Similarly in the east central Yulsa area, patrols from the ROK Capital
Division met with strong resistance from well emplaced Chinese defenders.
N
Aircraft from UN naval carriers on the east coast did not operate as Task
Force 77 engaged in resupply, On the west coast, aircraft from the British carrier
Ocean attacked enemy installations southwest of Pyongyang. UN naval surface craft
bombarded enemy installations in the Tanchon and Wonsan area,
UN land based aircraft flew 549 effective sorties, of which 302 were combat.
Medium bombers attacked a vital rail target in central Korea. No enemy jets were
observed flying during the period, but UN aerial observers sighted 150 MIG?15'a
and 200 NIG-15's on Antung and Takushan airfields.
A maximum effort attack by 5th Air Force and Naval air units was made
against enemy installations in the Pyongyang area in the late morning of 11 July.
The raiding force consisted of 259 fighter-bombers. No damage reports have been
received.
II. Military Intelligence
UN rear areas
Another anti-guerrilla campaign is being organized in South Korea, "Task
Force Mongoose," the special force being organized for the campaign, will include
the crack ROK 1st Division and police units and will be commanded by ROK General
Song Yuchan. The operation, to begin in the near future, will take place in three
phases and will be concentrated against guerrilla remnants in southwestern Korea.
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III. General Situation
Political
The ROK National Assembly, on 10 July, with 167 members present, elected
Sin Ikkhi as Speaker and Cho Pongaam and Yun Chi Yong as vice-speakers. Sin and
Cho are members of the opposition political party, while Yun is one of Rhee's
strongest supporters.
President Rheets Liberal Party will hold its convention on 19 July at Taejon
according to an 11 July Pusan broadcast. Approximately 2,500 local delegates of
the party will attend the convention to nominate presidential and vice-presidential
candidates. (Since the imxt president and vice-president must assume office by
15 August, their early election by popular vote is now a pressing problem.)
The American Embassy in Pusan comments that the atmosphere of fear among
both the Assembly and the non Assembly opposition is by no means. dissipated.
The key to the future of constitutional government in South Korea depends to a
great extent on the fate of Rhee's inner circle who have been riding high.
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Central Intelligence agency
Office of Cirrent Intelligence
8010, 12 July 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
1. Military Operations
Arm
On the east coast the enemy resumed operations for high --round in the
Oemyon area and captured one hill from elements of the 5th ROK division. Two
counterattacks by ROK forces forced the enemy to withdraw from .o;t of the
contested area, Elsewhere across the Front, action was light, with only minor
probes and patrol clashes reported.
Nav
Surface vessels maintained the blockade of both North Korean coa>>
while JN naval aircraft flew a total of 189 missions.
TiN lend-based aircraft flew 1,532 effective sorties, 1,169
co fr. a t missions. The 727 fighter bombers employed in a cone{ ntrated attach
on selected targets in the Pyon eazg area expended 40" tons ofombs,
23,000 gallons of napalm, and 100,000 rounds of 50 cal bbre eii unition. Fifty{
T-EEG' s were observed during the afterncon; of the 30 encountered, two were prob-
ably lestroyed and two damaged.
II. Military Intelligence
Ar
A prisoner recently captured and interrogated by the ROTH Navy stator
that a North Korean front-line corps is to be relieved and that the North
Korean Army is to "open a new progressive change in the front." (The
relieving force referred to by the prisoner is presumably t}-!P. VII Corps,
which has had a coastal security and training mission in the Wonson area.
Which of the three front-line corps will he relieved is not clear; all I-eve
been in combat for an extended period.)
10
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TO THE DECI.ACsi11ICATION OP
THIS DOCUMENT. I
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Navy
A recently captured North Korean prisoner stated on 8 July that he had
1:A-4 from some North Korean naval officers that a patrol-torpedo boat ba.t-
t .;1tr a as located in the Wonsan area without any craft, and that there was
a FT boat school at Unggi near the Soviet border. (The gym; .~7 prewar North
Korean Navy was virtually wiped out in the early days of the war. Remaining
war vessels, if there are any, are probably located in Korean ports near
Sing.ju and near the Soviet border.)
III. General Situation
Economic
Photo interpretation indle ated on 8 July that a new hydroelectr-l.c plant
is being built in the Kanggye area of North Korea near the Manchurian border.
The photographs showed surge tanks, penstocks, a powerhouse, and transformer
switchyards in the early stages of construction. (The Kokai hydroelectric
system in the Kanggye area has been reported as the most nearly complete of the
considerable number of installations originally planned by the Japanese. .
Frequent reports have been received indicating that the North Koreans con-
tinued work on this installation.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8011, 14 July 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Army
Fierce fighting between the ROK 5th Division and the North Korean 9th
Division for a strategic hill north of Oemyon on the Korean east coast marked the
week end's ground activity. Since enemy capture of the hill on 10 July, it has
changed hands three times. Currently ROK forces hold the heights.
During the night of 12 July, a raiding party from the let Commonwealth
Division, on the western front near Kigong, were engaged by determined Chinese
defenders. After a 50 minute engagement, during which time the enemy used
1,200 rounds of mortar and artillery, the Commonwealth unit withdrew.
Navy
Naval aircraft from UN carriers on the east and west coast flew 230
sorties against enemy installations in North Korea. Naval surface craft
bombarded the enemy's shoreline and maintained the blockade.
UN land-based aircraft, under Far East Air Force control, flew 1,021
effective sorties, of which 684 were combat, Nine medium bombers attacks an
important transportation point near Hamhung on the east coast. Thirty Co unist
MEG-15's were sighted flying during the period. Of the 12 encountered, one was
damaged. Near 3.100 hours on 13 July, UN aerial observers saw 200 aircraft on
Antung airfield,
II. Military Intelligence
Army
On 11 July, two tanks or self-propelled guns were sighted in the rear
of positions of the North Korean 27th Division in eastern Korea. These armored
vehicles were destroyed by US 25th Division artillery.
During the same period, UN aerial observers in eastern Korea sighted
two other reveted tanks near the front lines of the North Korean 27th Division.
Further to the east, five tanks were sighted moving southward down a main road
into the sector of the North Korean 47th Division. (These sightings are un-
THE C. I. A. HAS NO OThT CTIOff
TO THE DECL,Irf'>IF'ICATION OF
THIS DOCUME T.
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usual in that armor has been rarely encountered in the mountainous, rugged
eastern sector. There have been some fragmentary indications recently that
greater emphasis is being placed on tank-infantry tactics in the North Korean
Army.)
The Far East Command reports that the North Korean 23rd Brigade is now
deployed on the Ongjin peninsula in westernmost North Korea. The North Korean
21st Brigade, IV Corps, is accepted as deployed to the rear of the 23rd from
Haeju to Changsan-got, (The 21st Brigade is a new unit in the North Korean Army.)
III. General Situation
Political
Ambassador Muccio in Pusan reports that the initial reaction in South
Korea to the passage of the constitutional amendment "was one of relief on all
sides." After a month and one half's "intolerable tension," even the hard core
of Rhee's opposition has welcomed the relaxation, Muccio comments, however, that
the President seems to be making no new moves indicating that he is prepared to
let by-gones be by-gones. Martial law is still in effect and the conspiracy trial
still continues.
The Ambassador also speculates that Yi Pom-sok, "thc vrincipal villain
of peace," is considered Rhee's logical choice as Vice-President.
Proaanda
Radio Peiping over the week end gave heavy attention to Korea. In addi-
tion to the Chinese protests over the alleged bombing of the city of Antung,,
Manchuria, one commentator noted UN press source statements cautioning against
optimism over the truce. Koje island brutalities and the bombing of UN PtW camps
during the Pyongyang raids were stressed.
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central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8012, 15 July 1952
I. Military Operations
For the fifth successive day, the struggle for high ground near Oemyon on
the east coast continued. During the period, the North Koreans launched four
company-sized attacks, all of which were repulsed by ROK 5th Division elements.
who continue to occupy the contested ground. Elements of the ROK 9th Division
on the central front attempted to drive out well-emplaced enemy units near
Sagimak. After an eight-hour engagement, the enemy had not yielded. Elsewhere,
brief patrol clashes occurred.
Navy
v
tai surface units continued to blockade both North Korean coasts. Only
39 naval sorties were flown, all from light carriers. Task Force 777 on the east
coast was engaged in replenishing operations.
Air
UN aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 805 effective sorties,
including 496 combat. Medium bomber sorties, totalling fourteen, bombed targets
in the Hamhung area on the east coast and flew close support missions. Twenty-
five Communist MIG-15ts were observed flying. Of the seven enemy jets encounter-
ed, one was probably destroyed and one damaged.
II, Military Intelligence
Far East Air Force reconnaissance flights over Korea during the week end-
ing 10 July indicate that there is no let-up in the enemy's supply effort. Trans-
port activity rose in the east central area with supply complexes in the Pyonggang-
Ichon area receiving this increased flow. As in previous weeks, the enemy rail
traffic appeared to be concentrated on the west and north central main supply
routes and on the trans-peninsular rail route.
III, General Situation
VIN
I ITO THE D "'T ^," Ir'ICATICN O
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8013, 16 July 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
ArW
Employing five tanks in the role of artillery, delivering 25 minute
preparatory fire., two small Chinese Communist groups attacked elements of the
ROK 6th Division two miles southeast of Kumsong on the east central front. The
enemy withdrew following the three-hour engagement. After this engagement four
more Chinese groups attacked another ROK outpost with the support of 1,224
rounds of mortar and artillery, The enemy was again repulsed. Elsewhere along
the front, small probes and patrol clashes characterized the action. Across the
entire front, the enemy employed 4,027 rounds of artillery and mortar.
Navy
UN carrier based aircraft flew 213 sorties against enemy troop and
supply installations in the northeastern Tanchon area and in western Hwanghae
province. Naval surface vessels maintained the blockade and bombarded enemy
shorelines on the east and west coast.
UN aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 562 combat sorties in
a total of 880 effective sorties flown. Of the 14 medium bomber missions flown
during the period, 12 were against a railroad marshalling yard near the Chinese
border in northwestern Korea. Yesterday 175 UN fighter-bombers attacked an area
east of Pyongyang containing a cement factory, a locomotive repair shop., a trans-
former yard, and various barracks and buildings. Considerable damage to these
installations was reported.
II, Military Intelligence
Air
Far East Air Force reports that in enemy MIG encounters during the week
ending 13 July, the pattern of aggressiveness remained substantially unchanged:
when the prospects of es-
nl
k
t
y
s o
ac
MIG pilots appeared willing to initiate at
caping damage were heavily in their favor. Although MIG?s were airborne on
11 July during the UN raid on Pyongyang, they did not attempt to interfere.
Enemy night interception effort remained ineffective, as no damage resulted to
friendly aircraft. uASNO OBJECTION
3IS DOC'_` iIE~]T.
THE C.I.A. _?
TO THE L tail }ZF'ICATI
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UN aerial observers reported on 15 July that bomb craters on the light
plane airstrip near Hoeyang 'iehind the central battle front have been filled in.
(The Communibts nave shown considerable facility in constructing and maintaining
small air strips,,. suitable for light planes, throughout Korea. It is probable
that these strips, when used, are for liaison craft and/or reconnaissance flights.)
III. General Situation
Political
The executive committee of the Liberal Party has announced that Syngman
Rhee rnd. Yi Pom-sok will be nominated for president and vice president respective-
ly at the party's convention scheduled to open 19 July. The US Embassy comments
that if Rhee endorses Yi as a running mate, the latter's election would be a "shoo
in," (Rhee continues to maintain that he is "not disposed" to run. Several.
sources have indicated that the president is reluctant to accept Yi as vice presi-
dent, preferring instead Ham Taeyong, the elderly nondescript chairman of the ROK
Board of Audits.)
The ROK National Assembly on 15 July completed voting on the government-
proposed bill for election of a president and a vice president. Some of the
amendments put forward by the opposition were voted down, but the provision that
"all officials who announce their candidacy" for office would resign their govern-
ment jobs was upheld. Candidates for president, vice president and assemblymen
were specifically exempted. The law is expected to be promulgated on 17 July
with elections scheduled for early August. (The provision requiring resignation
of officials prior to running for office was ineffectually aimed at the current
Home Minister Yi Pom-soks who will probably run for vice president.)
Propaganda
Peiping and Pyongyang radios were stressing on 15 July all the customary
allegations on American atrocities to prove that the "adventurist policy" of emP
ploying "so-called military pressure" can never attain the UN's objectives, A
new Communist line with suggested propaganda overtones is the report in the
American press that Communist China is conditionally accepting the Geneva Coxes
ventions banning germ warfare.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
80149 17 July 1952
D A I L Y K 0 R E A N B U L L E T I N
1. Military Operations
Arm,
North Korean 9th Division elements cautiously probed ROK 5th Division
positions on Hill 351 near Oemyon on the east coast. The enemy withdrew in every
instance after a brief fire fight. In the east central sector ROK 6th Division
positions were shelled by fire from six enemy tanks southeast of Kumsong. Two
other tanks were sighted in the immediate area. Brief probes and minor patrol
clashes occurred along the rest of the front.
Na~vr
Preliminary naval air sorties reported totalled 26, all on the Past
coast. Targets in the Hungnam area were attacked. Surface units on the ',rest
coast bombarded islands off western Hwanghae Province, Songjin and Chongjin
were the principal targets of naval fire on the east coast.
Air
Air activity during the period was light as UN aircraft flew 469 effective
sorties of which 245 were combat. 52 MIG's were observed and 25 encountered. One
NLCG and one F-86 were reported destroyed. Only 12 bomber sorties were flown.
II, Military Intelligence
Joint Operations
UN naval forces operating off western Korea report that 300 North Korean
Army troops invaded Changni island five miles off Ongjin peninsula during the
early morning of 15 July. (A considerable build-up in enemy small boats in this
area during the past week had painted to another enemy amphibious attempt.)
Air 25X1
25X1 Special repair of regiment .strength is now stationed at Antung air.
xfiie . The majority of these men., who graduated from a six-month course at the
Mukden ordnance school, take care of airfield facilities and minor aircraft dam-
age. A special squad of some 20 men are engaged exclusively in the repair of
aircraft with major damage. Heretofore, any damaged aircraft were sent to Mukden
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SECRET TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
I I THIS DOCUMENT.
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for repair. The Directorate of Intelligence, FEAF, comments that this report is
the first "logical and acceptable ideatr that maintenance facilities, similar to
those of the US Air Force, now exist at the border airfields.
III, General Situation
Political
The Communist conspiracy court-martial trial involving seven National
Assemblymen has continued daily since 9 July, adjourning durin the hours the
legislature is in session in order to permit the defendants to attend Assembly
meetings. The major evidence introduced by the prosecution is the confessions
of the first three defendants although they have disavowed all testimony charging
torture, intimidation and bribery. The unanimous opinion of foreign observers,
according to the US Embassy, is that the trial is a "farce" and a "travesty of
justice." Adherence to western rules of court procedure would have resulted in
the case being thrown out of court and the removal of at least the president of
the court for incompetence.
Home Minister Yi Pom-sok reportedly was given a severe tongue-lashing by
President Rhee at the State Council Meeting on 16 July. According to Ambassador
Muccio, the President made it plain that he alone is running South Korea. Muccio
also reports that, at the same meeting, Rhee made the extraordinary statement
that he is no longer leader of the Liberal Party and has no connection with it,
The Ambassador comments that Rhee may be encouraged by his recent victory
in the political turmoil and feel safe enough to make himself independent of the
party which he originally organized only with reluctance. Having done so it would
be easier to disavow and remove Yi from power..
(Recent reports from Pusan, perhaps inspired by Yi, have indicated that
he might be Rhee's running mate in the coming presidential and vice presidential
elections. Yi's control of the police, his power in the Liberal Party, and his
supporters in the Youth Corps make him the second most powerful South Korean
politico.)
Propaganda
On the evening of 16 July Radio Pyongyang gave its program preview for the
first time since 24 June, thereby indicating that the station will resume its nor-
mal program schedules immediately. Normal schedules have been suspended since
25 June without explanation by the station. (The suspension of programs coincided
with the extensive bombing of the North Korean hydroelectric system.)
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
The active west central front was the scene of the period's heaviest
fighting. Left flank positions east of Sangnyong of the US 2nd Division, in
process of relieving the 45th Division, were attacked by a battalion of Chinese
troops supported by heavy artillery, mortar., and automatic weapons. Fire from
an undetermined number of tanks was also received. The attack continued through
midnight of 17 July and subsided early in the morning of 18 July. Other strong
probes, supported by heavy weapons, were absorbed by other 2nd. Division elements,
a few miles to the east. In the central sector, patrols from the Ethiopian
battalion and from the 31st Regiment of the US 7th Division met heavy resistance
from Chinese defenders south of Pyonggang.
No naval air sorties were flown from carriers operating off the east
coast due to resupply operations. In the west, 22 sorties were flown from the
US light carrier Bataan against enemy targets in Hwanghae province. UN naval
surface vessels, including the US battleship Iowa, bombarded the enemy shore
line and maintained the blockade.
Air
Bad weather prevented UN land-based-aircraft from staging more than 238
sorties, of which 65 were combat. The one medium bomber sortie flown. was in close
support of UN ground elements,
Ii. Military Intelligence
Enemy Materiel
Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8015, 18 July 1952
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lidentified a Chinese 3.5 inch
rocket with fin stabilizers in use by the enemy in Korea. (The 3.5 inch
rockets introduced by UN forces early in the Korean war were instrumental in
combatting the enemy's initial superiority in armor.)
THE C. I.A. HAS NTO O'?.TECTION
TO THT ION OF
THIS DOCiIA:"NT.
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III. General Situation
Political
In a conversation with ranking UNCURK member Plimsoll, President Rhee
stated that he wanted to have several more constitutional amendments passed be-
fore his term of office expired. In addition, Rhee complained of being in
poor health, and made the observation that he did not expect to be around much
longer. The US Embassy comments that the inference from Rhee's remarks would
seem to be that the President does not expect to be in office after the forth-
coming elections. (There have been no firm indications to date that Rhee
would not be available for a draft.)
Economic
A Pyongyang broadcast on 15 July stated that a great many people in that
city are forced to sleep outdoors "since their homes have been destroyed." Some
citizens possess tiny huts and wooden shacks it is claimed, but the majority
utilize as living quarters woven mats, pine-needle spreads and straw-filled sacks.
Pyongyang, "like many another city," is said to be without light and effective
air raid sirens. (While the above statements are intended to point up the UN's
alleged bombing of "peaceful North Korean civilians," it is an unusually bleak
and candid portrayal of the living standard of the North Korean urban dweller.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8016, 39 July 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
a
A series of indecisive engagements were fought on 18 and 19 July between
US 2nd Division elements and Chinese 39th Army elements in the west central
Mabang area. The Chinese attempted during the early hours of 18 July to
dislodge the US forces from an important hill. Over 2,400 rounds of artillery
and mortar were fired by the enemy in this engagement. A few miles to the
east, other US 2nd Division elements are attempting against heavy resistance to
capture another strategic hill from the Chinese., who used over 10,000 rounds
of artillery and mortar fire in this sector alone during the period.
Nay
Weather prevented air operations from UN carriers on the west coast, and
no report was received of operations in the east. Surface vessels of the UN
fleet continued to bombard enemy-held shore lines on both coasts.
UN land-based aircraft flew 402 effective sorties., including 154 combat
missions. One medium bomber sortie was flown in close support of ground troops.
II. Military Intelligence
The Far East Command reports that the 116th Division of the 39th CCF
Army has relieved the 118th Division of the 40th Army. The 118th Division
has moved southwest and relieved the 187th Division of the 63rd Army, which
has moved out of the line. (These moves may indicate further relief in the
19th Chinese Army Group, which now has its entire 64th Army in reserve.)
Political
President Rhee may publicly support Yi Yun-yang, a maj1 r figure in the
SECRET THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECLASS Ii+ICATIO N OF
THIS D0CiJME:;T.
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a Democratic Party, for Vice-president
ee, owe
support Yi Pom-sok, who will be the Liber arty's choice for Vice-President. 25X1
(The Choson Democratic Party was one of the strongest political groupings
in Korea immediately following the war. Its primary strength today is
believed to be underground in North Korea, but a small vocal party, headed
by Yi Yun-yong, still is active in South Korea.)
The US Embassy in Pusan states that Rhee can "unquestionably" be
returned to office and therefore he will not need to use police and youth
groups as far as the Presidential election is concerned. It is, however, too
early to know whether Rhee's political police apparatus will go into high
gear to assure the election of a favored vice-presidential candidate. (The
United Nations Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea
(UNCURK) will probably be officially invited to observe the elections which
will be held on 5 August. The limited number of Commission members plus
the disinclination of malcontent Koreans to voict their grievances will
proscribe UNCURK's observations.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8017, 21 July 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Heavy action continued over the weekend in the west central Mabang area.
In the afternoon of 19 July, US 2nd.Division elements were driven back from
their attack on strongly held Hill 266. In the early hours of 21 July, how-
ever,, they overcame Chinese resistance and captured the crest of the hill.
Minor probes by both Chinese and North Korean elements were reported on 19 and
20 July in the western sector and in the. mountainous eastern sector. tIN raid-
ing parties encountered strong resistance all along the line during the period.
N
UN carrier based aircraft flew 94 sorties on-19 July and 120 on 20 July
against enemy positions and transportation targets. Electric power targets in
the Changjin system north of Hamhung were attacked. UN naval surface craft
bombarded the enemy-held coastline and maintained the blockade.
25X1
UN land-based aircraft flew 442 sorties, including 205 combat, on
19 July, and 756 sorties, including 450 combat, on 20 July. During the night
of 19 July, 23 medium bombers attacked electric installations in the Changjin
system, and on 20 July, seven medium bombers attacked transportation targets
in western Korea. UN F-86's patrolling in the Yalu River area on 20 July ob-
served 68 MIG-15's airborne. Of those sighted, 14 were encountered and two
damaged. One F-86 was lost.
II. Military Intelligence
Joint Operations
25X1
e enemy has concentrated troops on the southernmost
tip of the Ongjin peninsula preparatory to amphibious operations against'UN
held islands in the area. Troops reportedly involved are 3,000 Chinese and
600 North Koreans, Both Kirin island, small and close to shore, and Paengyong
island, a major UN guerrilla, espionage, and pilot recovery base, are slated for
attack. (While no Chinese forces are currently known to be in the Ongjin
peninsula area, it is quite certain that the enemy will attempt, in the coming
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weeks, to neutralize certain UN held off-shore islands. An attack against
Paengyong island, however, would probably fail due to UN command of the sea.)
III. General Situation
Political
A Nationalist Chinese news service reports from Korea on 19 July that
the ROK Liberal Party "unanimously nominated" Syngman Rhee as their presiden-
tial candidate and Yi Pom-sok as vice presidential candidate. (These nomina-
tions were a foregone conclusion. It remains to be seen whether Rhee will
actively support Yi as a vice presidential candidate.)
Propaganda
Allan Winnington,Com?nunist correspondent for the London Daily Worker
at Panmunjom, on 18 July blasted US actions in Korea, specifically the in-
creased American air effort, which he said was designed to "force" a con-
cession on the POW issue from the Communists. He stated that "every fresh
adventure of the Americans endangers peace, and if carried too far . . . can
wreck the truce talks and endanger the whole world."
Similarly, a 19 July Peiping broadcast stated that alleged US asser.
tions that the increased air activity will "speed up the negotiations" was only
a propaganda smoke screen for the peace wreckers to destroy the hopes of an
armistice in Korea, extend the war, and endanger peace." (In the past,
Winnington's articles have foreshadowed shifts in the Communist negotiating
position at the talks; there is no indication, however, that his implied threat
is anything more than propaganda.)
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DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
In the west central Nabang area, elements of the US 2nd Division again
occupied Hill 266 without enemy opposition during the early morning hours of
22 July, Later in the morning, however, an attack by a Chinese company forced
the US unit from the heavily disputed hill. Just to the west, in the Sangnyong
area, Chinese platoon-size raiding parties were forced to withdraw by US 3rd
Division elements. Although the enemy fired only 4,133 rounds of mortar ;?mod
artillery during the period, 313 rounds were counter-battery fire against UN
artillery positions.
Navy
UN carrier based aircraft flew only 43 sorties on the east coast as
Task Force 77 was engaged in refueling operations. Surface units bombarded tar-
gets in the Hungnam and Wonsan areas. No report was received concerning Surface
action on the west coast.
Air
UN aircraft flew 704 effective sorties during the period of which 378
were combat, Far East Bomber Command flew 26 sorties. Twenty-one bombers
attacked Chosin hydroelectric plant number two and four aircraft bombed the
Hungnam chemical plant. Eleven MG-1518 were observed by UN aircraft but none
was encountered,.
II. Military Intelligence
Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8018, 22 July 1952
25X1
Arw
Far East Command reports the relief of the 27th Division of the North
Korean II Corps by the 15th Division of the North Korean I Corps. The 27th
Division, previously on the line, is now carried unlocated in the II Corps
reserve area, pending information as to its ultimate destination. (It is
rather unusual for a division of one corps to relieve elements of an entirely
different corps. This move, however, may presage the relief of certain North
Korean units that have long been committed to front line action.)
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III. General Situation
Economic
25X1
Korean Industry as been very serous y e facilities
as a result of the UN bombing of the hydroelectric complexes. (The small number
of industries in North Korea, plus the fact that many North Korean cities have
small, independent thermal power stations that are adequate to supply the already
greatly reduced need for power, limits the effect of the UN bombing there. The
effect on Manchurian industry is much more serious, however, since the raids in-
tensified an existing power shortage there,)
Political
The Liberal Party convention held in Taejon on July 19th endorsed Rhee
for President and Yi Paan-sok for Vice President. Before adopting their motion
unanimously, the delegates were reportedly "amazed and embarrassed" by a coy
message from Rhee requesting them not to nominate him. The President admitted,
however, that he could not prevent people from expressing their preference for
him "voluntarily."
One faction of the Liberal Party within the National Assembly nominated
Assemblyman Yi Kap-song, a venerable patriot, for the vice Fresidency; and the
Chosun Democratic Party selected Minister-without-Portfolio Yi Yun--yong as
running mate for Rhee,
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8019, 23 July 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
The fight for Hill 266 southwest of Mabang in west central Korea continued
during the period. US 2nd Division elements made another attempt to recapture
the contested objective around noon of 22 July, only to be repulsed. Chinese
troops now occupy the entire crest of the hill, although one US company is dug in
on the southeast slope. In the same sector, to the east of Mabang, a Chinese
company unsuccessfully probed outpost positions of a US regiment.; In the western
sector, near Panmunjom, a US lot Marine Division outpost was subjected to three
platoon-strength probes during the early morning hours of 22 July.
Navy
Naval air sorties totalled 294 during the period. On the east coast,
carrier-based aircraft attacked targets in the Songjin-Chongjin area, while on
the west coast, the area from Chinnampo to Haeju was attacked. Meanwhile, sur-
face units continued the blockade of both Korean coasts.
UN aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 875 effective sorties
including 528 combat. Forty-three MCG-15's were observed, of which two were
encountered. There was no damage to enemy or UN aircraft. FEAF Bomber Command
flew 12 effective sorties, with Sinchang in north central Korea as the main
target.
II.Military Intelligence
The presence in Korea of thet9th Chinese Communist North Korean Branch
Unit" was accepted on 20 July by Far East Command. This organization is
subordinate to the Chinese Communist 81st Unit, located in Tientsin, north
China. The 81st, originally formed with Chinese and Koreans who were born in
northeast China, is composed of 12 branch units, the 9th being the only one
committed to Korea. Four of the regiments of the 9th Branch Unit are Chinese
troops while the remaining two regiments are North Koreans. This "mixed" or
"allied" branch unit is charged primarily with security duties in Hwanghae
Province. However, this unit, some 9,000 strong, also dispatches agents into
I
SECRET THE C.I.A. HAS NO OB
TION
1TO, THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
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South Korea and engages in attacks on UN held islands off the southern coast of
Hwanghae Province.
Political
Reuters announces that President Syngman Rhea appointed Deputy Chief of
Staff Lt. General Paik Sun-yop as Chief of Staff on 23 July, General Paik is
regarded as Korea's best general officer and has commanded both the ROK I and
II Corps. (General Paik's professional and personal qualities are highly re-
garded by American personnel in Korea.)
Yt Yun Yong, Minister-without-Portfolio, who was nominated for the vice-
presidency by the Chosun Democratic Party, resigned his candidacy, on 21 July,
according to Radio Pusan. No specific reason for the resignation was offered.
(This move leaves Home Minister Yi Pom sok with only one relatively ineffective
opponent for the vice-presidency.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8020, 24 July 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
A2M
Elements of the Chinese 12th Army attacked a regimental outpost of the
ROK Capital Division one and a half miles southeast of Yulsa in the east central
sector. After a firelight of almost three hours the enemy withdrew. In the
eastern sector elements of the ROK 7th Division engaged in sporadic fighting
with elements of the Chinese 68th Army. Elsewhere, activity was limited to
patrol clashes and probes.
Navy
UN carrier based aircraft flew 287 sorties against enemy installations
on both the east and west coast. Aircraft from Task Force 77 in the east con-
tinued destruction of power facilities. Surface vessels bombarded enemy
installations in the Wonsan area and near the front lines.
Aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 1,054 sorties, of which
674 were combat. The principal medium bomber target was the rail marshalling
yard at Yangdok, a major enemy supply area, against which 13 sorties were flown.
Only two MIG-15's were sighted during the period. Both were engaged, and one was
damaged,
III Military Intelligence
AM
the 1t507th and 508th Brigades have moved north towards Chongjin." (These
are probably code numbers for the 25th Brigade and an unidentified brigade
subordinate to the North Korean V Corps in the Hamhung area. Recent observa-
tions have indicated the movement of a considerable number of troops northwards
from the Hamhung area towards Chongjin. It is possible that this redeployment
is occasioned by fear of another UN amphibious operation.) -~o
THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
THIS DOCUMENT.
No. ? 6 JUL 1978 ~
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III. General Situation
Political
The Mayor of Seoul, Kim Tai.-sun, was appointed Minister of the Interior
on 24 July, according to Reuters news agency, Kim replaces Yi Pom-sok who re-
signed on Wednesday to run for the vice presidency in the elections next month.
(Mayor of Seoul for the past year, Kim has had experience in the police and in
the Home Ministry.)
Reuters also reports that South Korean labor leader Chon Chin-han
announced on July 24th that he would run for the vice presidency. Chon was at
one time in the Liberal Party, now headed by Yi Pom sok, but is now a member
of an independent group in the Assembly. He is regarded as opposed to Rhee.
Economic
Aerial photos taken on 14 July by UN aircraft indicate that the Su
e
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Central Intelligence Agency .
Office of Current Intelligence
8021, 25 July 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Only light action occurred during the period. Chinese platoon-strength
probes were directed against ROK marines in the US lot Marine Division sector
near Panmunjom and in the west central sector against a US 3rd Division outpost.
In the vicinity of bitterly-contested Hill 266 a patrol from the US 2nd Division
fought a 45 minute engagement with Chinese defenders.
Navy
UN naval aircraft flew 289 combat sorties from carriers operating off the
east and west coasts. Principal targets were enemy supply and troop installations.
UN naval surface vessels bombarded enemy transportation targets in northeastern
Korea from Songjin to Tanchon.
UN land-based aircraft flew 692 combat missions in a total of 1,054
effective sorties flown during the period. Twelve medium bombers attacked,a
rail marshalling yard in Hamhung on the east coast. No MIG-15's were observed
during. the period.
II. Military Intelligence
Ala
Far East Command reports that the Chinese Communist 60th Army, formerly
carried in contact on the central front, is now believed to be in reserve about
15 miles northwest of Kumsong. (The 60th Army moved from a western reserve
position into the line almost two months ago. At the time it was speculated
that the 60th would relieve the long-committed 12th Army. For a period ele-
ments of both armies were in combat in the sensitive Kumsong area.)
THE C. I.A. HAS r'O OBJFCTION
TO THE D-a'C7rAS'SIFICATION OF
THIS DOCU,o"T,NT.
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III, General Situation
Pol 9;
Ambassador Muccio reports his assumption that Rhee's motive in appointing
Kim Tae-son to the Home Ministry was to head off former Home Minister Yi Pom-sokts
bid for the vice-presidency and to undermine his influence generally, Kim has
maintained contacts and influence in the police, is loyal to Rhee and is far from
the fascistic persuasion of Yi Pom-sok and Youth Corps leader Ahn Ho-sang, Despite
his limitations, Kim appears to be the person most capable of mobilizing the
police in a hurry to prevent Liberal Party-Youth Corps pressure on the voters from
electing Yi to the vice-presidency. Muccio comments that it is still not abso-
lutely clear that Rhee is willing to make an all-out effort to stop Yi;
additionally, Kim has only 20 days before the elections to counteract Yi's well-
entrenched influence,
Cho Pong-am, a vice-speaker of the ROK National Assembly, will run for the
presidency i' the forthcoming 5 August elections, according to Radio Pusan, (Cho,
a converted Communist and long-time ROK politician, is the leader of a small
independent bargaining group in the Assembly, He is generally considered anti-
Rheeb)
Kim Chong-won ("Tiger" Kim), who was recently granted amnesty from a three-
year prison term by President Rhee, has been tendered an appointment as colonel
in the ROK Axr reserve and appointed chief of police in South Cholla Provinces.
(Kimas appointment to be director of the South Cholla police places an avid Rhee
henchman in one of the provinces where the Presidentts opposition is strongest.
Kim was imprisoned because of involvement in a nation-wide scandal in early 1951.)
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SECRET
'Met Kq pol!q!gonl
xi Uosied rz!iota,neun u;,+ Ct rout Aua u! 4314M
JO u011 OAO1 ,o u0t,m is':4!S t; ref!' 7F $ r l
?-D ut2lres-' s.. :
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
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Army
In the west, action was heavy because probing attacks up to battalion-strength
were launched by Chinese forces. The Mabang area in the west central sector was the
scene of the largest attack; here a Chinese battalion supported by 3,000 rounds of
artillery and mortar fire was finally forced to withdraw by US 2nd Division elements
after a three and a half hour fight. Both the US 1st Marine Division near Panmunjom
and the US 3rd Division near Sangnyong in the west received determined probes from
Chinese elements. UN patrols in the west were heavily engaged by the defending enemy;
some engagements lasting two hours. In the US IX and ROK II Corps sectors on the
central and east central fronts, enemy vehicle sightings from ground observation
posts provided the most unusual feature of the period.
Navy
The British carrier Ocean, off western Korea, launched its aircraft in 79
sorties against enemy installations south of ChiDnampo. No sorties were flown from
't'ask Force 77 off the eastern shore as that force was engaged in resupply. Un naval
surface vessels bombarded the enemy coastline in the vicinity of Tanchon, Hungnam
and Wonsan.
UN land-based aircraft flew 436 sorties, of which 215 were combat. Of 16
medium bomber sorties flown, 13 had the rail marshalling yard at Kowon on the east
coast as a target. During this raid, a B-29 was attacked by three unidentified
enemy aircraft. One enemy aircraft was probably destroyed; the Bm29, however,
received no hits.
II. Military Intelligence
Joint Operations
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a North Korean Army brigade moved from Hungnam to Chongjin preparatory to an
Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8022, 26 July 1952
THIS DGCLI-.`i.,TT.
THE C. I -A. PAS N6 OBJECTION
TO THE D1 ' gr i.CATI( Id OF
1
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attack on UN-held Yang Island. (It is probable that elements of the North Korean
V Corps in the Kowon-Hamhung area have moved farther to the northeast. It is not
clear, however, whether these moves may be attributed to the enemy's fear e an saphi-
bious operation or whether they themselves intend to neutralize Yang Island off
Songjin.)
III. General Situation
Political
In the pre-election registration of presidential and vice presidential
candidates, a three-man delegation, composed of Liberal Party officers close to Yi
Pom-sok, simultaneously filed for Syngman Rhee as President and Yi Pom-sok as Vice
President. The US Embassy comments that although this joint filing apparently be-
lies the assumption that Rhee is attempting to undercut Yi in the Vice Presidential
campaign, the circumstances of the registration may be a face-saving device to avoid
the appearance of hostility between the two men. It could also be a slick maneuver
pulled by Yi without Rhee's awareness of the implications.
Economic
The over-all retail commodities index in South Korea rose nine percent between
13 June and 13 July, while the retail price of rice climbed 16.1 percent during the
period. US officials state that the inflation spiral has not slowed drawn, possibly
due to the unsettled political conditions prevailing during the last month.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
80231 28 July 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
UN raiding parties and patrols met strong enemy resistance along the en-
tire front on 26 July. Ground operations on 27 July were hampered by heavy rains.
Patrol activity constituted the heaviest action of the period.
Navy
25X1
UN naval aircraft from Task Force 77 flew 74 sorties on 26 July against
hydroelectric installations in the Puryong system, northeast of Hamhung. On
27 July, other electric installations were attackedy along with transportation
targets, by 210 sorties from Task Force 77. British carrier based aircraft
flew 69 sorties against enemy troop and supply installations in the Chinnampo
area. UN naval surface craft on both coasts bombarded enemy positions. acid main-
tained the blockade.
Nom-operational weather accounted for the low number of Far East Air
Force sorties: 246 on 26 July and 227 on 27 July, Among the 96 combat sorties
flown on 26 July, only three medium bomber sorties Were dispatched. Again the
following day, only three medium bomber: sorties were flown out of 56 combat:
sorties. No NIG-15's were encountered during the period,
II. Military Intelligence
.
other intelligence reports recently received, accepts the deactivation of the -11
TL'] C -A Pn ' T3n T T3 T
SEMET __ CF
regiment formed from cadres of he new s o
revealed that there were two other armored regiments in western Korea and one in
eastern. Korea. These units reportedly are in the cadre stage and will begina
training cycle about 1 August with new replacements*
, relying on this preliminary interrogation and upon
The Far East Command
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North Korean 105th Armored Division and the activation of a number of inde-
pendent armored regiments subordinate to a "Mechanized Branch Headquarters."
I ?1e
meats of the Chinese 193rd Division 65th Army, in the sector held by a 9tb~
Divisions 63rd. Army. this may presage a further relief of
63rd ArrW elements similar to that which occurred when 40th Army elements dis-
placed the 187th Division, 63rd Army further to the north. (One army of the
Chinese 19th Army Group - the 61+th -m was relieved from combat over a month
ago. It is now becoming apparent that a squeezing-out process may result in
the eventual relief of the 63rd Army, This will leave only the 65th Army of this
army group in combat in the Panmunjom area.)
III. General Situation
According to Radio Pusan, President Syngman Rhee announced on 26 July
that he has "agreed" to be a presidential candidate. Rhee stated that "hundred,
of thousands of . . . men and women asking me to stand for a second term" moved
him profoundly and caused him to put aside his personal desires and accept the
candidacy, The Presidents however,, gave no indication as to whom he desired as
a vice-presidential running mate,
The official registration of presidential candidates, as broadcast by
Radio Pusan on 27 July, includes besides Rhee, Cho Pong-am, Yi Si Yong and Hugh
Cynn, There are nine vice-presidential candidates officially registered.
Radio Pusan has announced that martin, law would be lifted,, effective
28 July, in North and South Cholla Provinces and in South Kyongsang Province.
This measure is being taken in order to insure a "free atmosphere" in the
5 August presidential election. (Presumably the lifting of martial law also
affects Pusan, which is located in South Kyongsang Province, Martial law was
instituted on 25 May.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8024, 29 July 1952
To Military Operations
Heavy rains for the second day reduced ground operations to a minimum
along the battle front. The most serious action of the period occurred in the
west central Mabang area, where Chinese platoon strength probes were launched
against US 2nd Division elements during the night of 28-29 July, Some artillery,
and mortar fire was received in support of these enemy actions. In the east
central Kumsong area., a brief Chinese probe was made against positions of the
ROK 6th Division.
N
Naval aircraft from carriers in Task Force 77 on the east-,coast attaelod
enemy supply,, troop and transportation targets in 207 effective sorties., S
hydroelectric installations were attacked, On the west coast 68 sorties were
flown from the British carrier Ocean against ener positions, On both coasts
UN surface vessels bombarded enema shore installations and maintained the
blockade. Electric installations in the Hungnam area were hit in the bombarda-
ment
Land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew only 231.
effective sorties because of weatherv Among the 78 combat sorties flcwm$,.. 14
medium bombers attacked various targets in North Korea. Principal target for
ten B-29?e was the rail marshalling yards at Hemhungo No MIG-l58e were ' *
countered.
II. Military Intelligenc
According to Far East Command, the North. Korean II Corps has coetplete
withdrawn from contact and is located some 15 miles behind the battle It" In
the eastern sector. The 15th Division of the III Corps is occupying pool
f c 8
vacated by the II Corps, (This most recent relief is similar changes I
Chinese-held sectors during the past month. The 63rd and 64th Armies of th4 19`
Army group were recently squeezed out in the western sector, while the
committed 60th Army was similarly relieved in the central sector,)
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LeW Rear Areas
During the week ending 24 July,, both visual and photo reconnaissance re-
vealed that the rainy season has not,, as yet,, caused any disruption in enemy
vehicular and rail traffic. An analysis of rail traffic during the period indi-
cates that the Communists are taking advantage of the improved condition of the
main rail supply routes in the northwest and north central areas to move
materiel into Pyongyang and. Wonsan.For a second successive week vehicular traffic
increased in the western sector,, with the majority of the vehicles routed toward
Haeju and Kaesongm
Political
Indications are that the 5 August election in South Korea will be held in
an atmosphere relatively free of outright pressure tactics. More subtle
campaign methods will be utilized in the vice-presidential election such as
attempts of the candidates to identify themselves with Rheeo Yi Pom-sok has
already employed this stratagem, as Yi and Rhee posters,, identical in format
and carrying an endorsement of the Liberal Party,, appeared throughout Pusan
and Seoul on the morning of 27 Tu3y0
President Rhee has given no indication that he will repudiate Yig but the
President indicated in his statement accepting his awnnomnination that he intends
to refuse to take sides on the vice-presidential candidates.
(The large number of vice-presidential candidates - nine - will split
the votes and favor Yi Pomw-sok2o election. Pies power in the Liberal Party and
the Taehan Youth Corps greatly enhances his chances for victory,)
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Office of Current Intelligence
8025, 30 July 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B UL L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Minor probes and patrol clashes occurred in the western and central
sectors. The heaviest action of the period took place in the US 3rd Division
sector near Sangnyong, where an assault by an snag company forced the with-
drawal of an outpost. Two counterattacks by US troops to retake the outpost
were unsuccessful.
Navy
Naval air sorties totalled only 39 as Task Force 77 was engaged in re-
plenishing operations. Aircraft from the British carrier Ocean attacked targets
in the Ongjin area. On the east coast blockade ships bombarded shore installa-
tions from Songjin to Tanobon. No report was received concerning surface
activity on the west coast.
UN aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew only 186 effective
sorties, of which 36 were combat. Only two bomber missions were flown as the
weather continued to limit air strikes. No enemy planes were observed during
the period.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Cease-fire
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high-ranking
North orean and Soviet officials are leaving the Kaesong area. Most North
Korean and Chinese troops had left the city during the past two weeks. (Recent
intelligence reports have confirmed the departure of the North Korean 82nd
Regiment from Kaesong, presumably to join its parent 8th Division on the east
coast. There is no confirmation, however., for the. above report that h~gh-
ranking officials are leaving the city or that such officials are even in the
city.)
SEGRET
THIS DOCUMENT.
p6
THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
j
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 Political
-A 29 July Associated Press dispatch from Pusan reports that the ROK
military court trying seven National Assemblymen on conspiracy charges has
dismissed the case for lack of evidence. The seven legislators were arrested
in late May on charges of conspiring with Communists to overthrow the ROK
Government and of accepting Communist bribes. (As his re-election appears
to be virtually assured,., President Rhee is gradually reducing pressure on his
opponents. On 28 July, martial law was lifted in Pusan and areas south of the
Han River. However, the military retrial of So Minim ho, opposition Assemblyman
charged with homicide, still continues.)
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Office of Current Intelligence
8026, 31 July 1952
D A I L Y KOREAN B U L L E T I N
I, Military Operations
Elements of the US 3rd Division on the west central front reoccupied an
outpost position, previously lost on 28 July, southeast of Sangnyong, The
Chinese Communists employed artillery and mortar fire in an unsuccessful attempt
to defend the outpost position. Elsewhere, non-operational weather limited
action to a few minor probes and patrol clashes,
NM
The report on naval air sorties was incomplete. On the east coast, 24
planes bombed targets in the Hungnam area. Blockade ships continued to bombard
shore installations on both Korean coasts.
Air
During the period, UN aircraft flew 476 effective sorties of which 3.20
were combat. No enen y planes were observed or encountered. On the night of
30 July, 66 B-29's bombed a non-ferrous metal plant just south of Sinuiju. Pre-
liminary reports from 37 of the B-29 crews indicate that enemy fighter aircraft
were encountered and that attacks in varying depees of aggressiveness were re-
ceived. No B-29's are reported downed so faro.
II. Military Intelligence
25X1 A
the North Korean regime in late April. 1952
078 a armers composed of men who had been discharged from the
regular Army and men who were 31 yearn of age or older. The Communist authori-
ties planned to use 30,000 men at collective farms on the eastern front, while
two units composed of 35,000 men each were assigned to farms on the central and
western fronts, Members of the "Farmers' Army" wear North Korean Ar1W uniforms
and are s bject to army discipline, (The existence of pare military agricultural
units has, been confirmed by FW reports, but no organization of this size has be
preViously reports
THE C. I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECT S3Ir ICATION OF
THIS DOCUMENT.
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III. General Situation
P li is
According to Ambassador Muccio in Pusan.. the United Nations Commission
for the Unification and Reconstruction of Korea (TJNCURK) plans to observe the
5 August presidential and vice-presidential elections. As no official invita-
tion has been issued by the South Korean Governments UNCUZRK will probably proceed
on the same informal basis as was followed in covering the April-May local elec-
tionso Owing to a shortage of personnel,, UNCURK informally has asked the US
Embassy to cover the elections in two or three provinces, (A ROK Government
source stated to the press on 27 July that his government was not contemplating
inviting the UN to observe the elections. Indications so far point to a fairly
orderly election.)
ROK Prime Minister Chang Task-sang and the newly-appointed Home Minister
Kim Tae-son joined forces on 28 July, with the apparent backing of Rhee, to de-
feat Yi Pom sokvs bid for the Vice-Presidency, according to Ambassador Mucoio.
The struggle began when police under Kim4s Home Ministry ordered Liberal Party
posters bearing pictures of President Rhee and Yi Pot-sok torn down. Posters
of another pro-Rhee organization with Rheeua picture were allowed to remain.. Rhae
issued a statement that he hoped no one was "chagrined" by this action, but that
he sought to restrict lavish campaign expenditures.
The Liberal Party and Yi P -sok reacted characteristically by charging that
these were "illegal actions" and threatened to expose the "man behind the curtain"
who is trying to prevent the re-election of "our Doctor Rhee."
. Muccio adds that the struggle between the two factions has just begun and
that the intensity of conflict can be expected to increase as the election
approaches,
Boon
-WAS
A broadcast from Pyongyang on 27 July bleakly and candidly stated that
there will be no chemical fertilizer available for North Korean farmers next year.
The statement,, released by the Central Committee of the Korean Labor Party,, con-
tained an urgent appeal for the people to "stage a campaign for more home-made,
fertilizer." (Before the war, commercial fertilizer comprised appximately one
half of the total fertilizer consumption in North Korea, The dire straits of
the North Korean agricultural situation is pointed up by this lack of chemical
fertilizer.. which eren before the wars met only minimum requirements,;,)
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Office of Current Intelligence
8027, 1 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Arar
On the west central front, Chinese Communist unite from positions atop Hill
266 near Sinbyon engaged elements from the US 2nd Division. The action started
late on 31 July and by the morning of 1 August the US troops overcame enesr re-
sistance and secured the contested positions. The Chinese Communists, however,
continued sporadic artillery sad mortar fire, Elsewhere along the front, contact
with the enemy was limited to brief patrol clashes.
I
Naval air sorties totalled 232 during the periods all on the east coast.
There were no air operations on the west coast due to inclement weather. Carrier-
based aircraft in the east attacked targets from Songjin to Wonsan. UN surface
craft continued to bombard and blockade both Korean coasts,
Land-based sorties flown during the period totalled 244, of which 59 were
combat. On the morning of 1 August, more than 60 NI 15 c as and one Type 15 were
encountered by UN aircraft, Three M10ts were destroyed, one probably destroyed,
and three damaged. five bomber sorties were flown on the night of 31 Jujy,--
1 August,
zt Military Intelligence
No significant reports bare been received during the past 24 hours,
IxI. General situation
In the man areas presidential candidate Cho is staging an e1l-
out anti-M90 campaign, according to Ambassador l CSeie. On. mass meeting has
been staged so far with sound trucks participating, and a small poster camp
in underway. Cho also took it upon pelf to urge UNOt Z members to observe the
THE C.I.A ETAS NO OBJECTI Oil
TO THE 1)F"-'AS7; _HICATION OF
TH
IS DOCUME T.
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elections, which he claimed would be marked by "irregularities." Meanwhile, the
two remaining presidential aspirants.. Yi Si-yong and Hugh Lynn, have not advanced
their campaigns beyond initial declarations of principles which were carried in
the local press.
CC ease-fire
Nam Il s secretary and the wire or a omm. st genet a
P I ey had not been I I recent G Reportedly these ladies i orm the
th were
moving shortly, This took place during the past wo weeks. re-
ported previously that high-ranking Communist officials were movIng u
Kaesong. No confirming reports have been received from any other sources The
exodus of officials from Kaesong, if confirmed, my indicate a Communist expecta-
tion of significant developments at the truce talks.)
SECRET
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8028, 2 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
AM
Action on 1 August was limited to brief probes and patrol clashes.
Chinese elements continued to harass newly-won US 2nd Division positions
in the west central sector. A patrol clash lasting an hour between elements
of the ROK 2nd Division and Chinese troops near Kumwha occurred early on 2
August.
Navy
Aircraft from Task Force 77 flew 209 sorties in northeastern Korea.,
from Hamhung to Songjin, attacking hydroelectric installations and enemy
troop and supply installations. No report was received on naval air operations
in the west. UN naval surface craft bombarded the coast near Songjin, Tanchon,
and Wonsan in northeastern Korea, and in the west near Haeju.
Land based aircraft under Far East Air Force flew 1,023 sorties, of
which 654 were combat. Two hundred close-support sorties were flown, most
of them in the US I Corps sector in the west. Medium bombers flew 13
sorties against transportation targets, and on reconnaissance and close-
support missions.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
Far East Command on 1 August reported the relief of the 117th Division,
39th Chinese Communist Array, by elements of the 38th Army which moved south-
westward along the battle line. The 39th Army, in keeping with Chinese
Communist military policy, now has two divisions on line and one in reserve.
(The 117th sustained heavy casualties in dune and July as a result of some
bitter fighting in its sector, particularly in the vicinity of Hill 266.)
7~
THE C.I.A. HAS NO OIJECTION
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
THIS DOCUMENT.
0 6 Jr'! 1978
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&M logistics
Sightings of enemy vehicles by UN aerial observers was low during
the period 26 July to 1 August, with only 3,069 seen. Although weather
conditions prevented observation flight on DIree days, this number is con-
siderably below the weekly average of the pae'c year of 34,443. Heaviest
traffic appeared to be on the central route from Yangdok to Singye and from
Kunu-ri in the northwest to Pyongyang.
III. General Situation
Po tic
The verdict of the "Communist Conelpiracy" courtmartial trial was
returned on 31 July. Six of the seven civilian defendants were found guilty,,
and one was released. Three of the defendants were sentenced to life
imprisonment, and three were given three-year terms. At the end of the trial,
according to the U S Ambassador, foreign observers agreed that the ROK
Government in no way justified the severity of the sentences with any proof
or firm evidence of the charges made in the indictments. The US Ambassador
states that he intends to call on President Rhea on 1 August to inquire about
appeal procedures end to make known foreign reactions to the trial.
Meanwhile, in a retrial, So Min ho was found guilty of murdering a
ROK Army officer and was sentenced to eight years imprisonment. The military
court approved the conviction by a two-thirds vote.
Economic
Ambassador Muccio reports that all part stevedores in the Pusan area
struck on 29 July for higher wages. On 30 July, depot and quartermaster
corps contract laborers joined in a sympathy strike, virtually closing down
the entire port area. Negotiations between Second Logistical Command and labor
unions and contractors resulted on 31 July in an agreement to increase steve-
dores wages 100 percent,with no increase in contractors' commissions.
Stevedores returned to work on the evening of 31 July.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8029, 4 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Two patrol clashes between elements of the ROK 9th Division and Chinese
troops northeast of Chorwon highlighted the ground action on 2 August. The follow-
ing day, the Chorwon area was again the scene of the heaviest fighting as a ROK
9th Division patrol fought a three-hour engagement with Chinese troops. A total
of seven enemy probes and 13 patrol clashes occurred on 3 August.
Nay
UN naval aircraft flew 116 sorties on 2 August and 341 on 3 August. Targets
attacked were undamaged hydroelectric plants and troop, supply and transportation
installations. UN naval surface vessels bombarded the enemy shore and maintained
the blockade. The British cruiser Belfast suffered minor damage from a shell
fired from an enemy coastal defense gun.
Air
Land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 466 sorties,
245 of them combat, on 2 August; and 878 sorties, of which 526 were combat, on
3 August. Medium bombers flew 5 sorties on 2 August and three the following day
on close support and reconnaissance missions. On 3 August, 'UN F-86's observed
11 MI:G4151s in flight, but encountered none. An F-86 pilot earlier.in the day had
observed 150 swept-wing aircraft on Tatungkuo airfield.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 48 hours.
III, General Situation
Po t cal
The three presidential candidates opposing Syngman Rhea in the 5 August
elections, according to Ambassador Muceio, have one thing in common--.criticism
and condemnation of the present South Korean administration. Granted time over
SEORET
F THE C. I. A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECT
1:ASSIFICATION 0
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the government-owned and operated Korean broadcasting system, the three opposition
candidates have outlined their political views in 15-minute,, uncensored addresses,
ROK Home Minister Kim, in a 4 August broadcast, disclaimed rumors cs that
teas
certain vice-presidential candidate had President Rhee s support
"I fully understand why the President does not designate a vice--presidential
candidate." (It is probable that the above statements were aimed primarily at
Ti Pam-soft and represent the closest Rhee will come to issuing a public disavowal
of Yi, )
Pro
2MgWa
Radio Peiping on 3 August again accused "the Americans" of shelling the
Panmunjom conference site on 2 August,
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8030, 5 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
AM
Brief patrol contacts and minor enemy probes took place along the front
on 4 August. The heaviest action occurred in the eastern sector near Mulgu,ji,
where a ROK 7th Division outpost repelled a Chinese probe after a fire fight
lasting an hour and a half.
i
TIN naval aircraft on the west coast flew an unreported number of sorties,
Air operations were suspended on the east coast as Task Force 77 engaged in
resupply.
West coast targets attacked were hydroelectric plants., gun emplacements.,
and troop, supply and transportation installations. UN naval surface vessels
bombarded the enemy shore and maintained the blockade.
Air
UN land. based aircraft flew 1,009 effective sorties., of which 694 were,:,,
combat. Medium bombers flew six sorties in close support of ground trop
on leaflet and reconnaissance missions. Seventy five MIGG151s were observ
in flight by TIN F-86 pilots. Of these, 12 were encountered.,.with one destroyed,
two damaged, and one other possibly destroyed.
II,. Military Intelligence
The Far East Command reported on 4r August that the Chinese Communist 42nd
Army is now deployed in the area immediately southwest of Kaesong, (The 42nd
Army, relieved on the line in late dune, was believed to have assumed a coastal
security mission between Pyongyang and Sinanju. If the 42nd Army is confirmed
in its new locations this may presage the relief of the 65th Army, the one re-
maining army of the 19th Army Group still on the ]ins.) 6
THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
SHCURTTY TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
I I THIS DOCUMENT.
0 6 ,I~Ir.
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III. General Situation
Political
Ambassador Muccio, on the eve of the South Korean presidential elections,
reported-that the atmosphere in Pusan was charged with tension because of the
continued frenetic activities of political leaders and groups? While Rlhee'ra
election is generally taken for granted, Cho Pongmam's forthright attack on the
administration has aroused a hesitant respect. Despite charges of interference
in the campaign, there have been few visible signs of pressure.
The Ambassador believes that rural citizens are not as concerned with this
election as they were with local elections earlier in the year. He estimates
that despite widespread ignorance of the issues, as much as 80 to 90 percent
of the electorate will go to the polls.
In the vice-presidential race, Ambassador Muccio estimates that despite
the overt government opposition to Yi Pom-sole, U's organization, which largely
dominates the rural area, is still strong enough to push through his election.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8031, 6 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
1. Military Operations
One outpost position of the ROK Capital Division near Yulsa in east
central Korea was neutralized after a determined Chinese platoon, supported
by over 2,600 rounds of mortar and artillery, forced the South Koreans to
withdraw, A ROK counterattack early on 6 August met with a heavy volume of
artillery and mortar fire and is still continuing. Two other Capital Division
outposts were probed, with the enemy eventually withdrawing in both cases.
Brief patrol contacts and minor enemy probes occurred along the rest of the line.
N. aver
Naval aircraft from Task Force 77 on the Korean east coast flew 221
sorties against enemy electric power installations and troop and supply positions.
No air operations were flown on the west coast. UN naval surface vessels on the
east coast bombarded the enemy shore at Chongjin, Songjin, Tanchon, Hungnam, and
Wonsan. Enemy troop and supply installations were destroyed and transportation
was hindered.
Land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 956 sorties
on 5 August, of which 632 were combat. Medium bombers flew seven sorties in
close support of ground troops; and the Hoechang ore processing plant was
bombed by 18 planes. Fifty of the 110 airborne NBC-15s observed were encou
Bred; four were destroyed and five damaged.
II. Military Intelligence
Air
On 5 August, at 1300 hours, a flight of UN fighter-bombers encountered
8 MIG-15's over Haeju, on the 38th parallel. One enemy aircraft was damaged.
On the same day, MTG-15's were observed and encountered in strength over Fyongg
yang.
THE C. I.A.
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S=rr THIS DOCU>.IZINT.
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The Far East Air Force comments that this is the deepest NiIG penetration
since 2 February 1952, when 20 MG-15's followed a TIN fighter-bomber flight into
this area. (Eger jet penetration this far south is an unusual occurrence. The
Communists have previously confined the bulk of their operations to the area
north of the Chongehon river.)
Joint Operations
Between 18 and 20 July, 60 trucks passed through the west coast city of
Suachon loaded with 50 "metal motor boats,"
These were accompanied by 330 Chinese naval troops, HaIr o e DOELTAS
were destined for use on the west coast and the rest for use against UN.held
islands in the Wonsan Bay areas (The enemy in Korea has demonstrated a consid-
erable amphibious capability against the smaller UN-held islands immediately
offshore. Landing craft employed in past operations have generally been a
mixture of junks, power launches, and rubber assault boats. Personnel have
generally been drawn from North Korean security units and have had only minimal
tram prior to the operation.)
M. General Situation
Pow cs
Early press returns from approximately half of South Korea's 153 election
districts give Rhee a lead in excess of 1,500,000 votes over his nearest com-
petitor. Rhee, however, won only a narrow victory in the temporary capital city
of Pusan.
Early Radio Pusan returns on the vice-presidential race from some twenty
districts, including Seoul and Pusan., give Ham Tae yong, who is apparently
favored by Rhee, 45,079 votes to 40,551 for Yi Pcm-sok, (Yi is credited with
a smooth organization in rural districts and will in all probability win unless
there is widespread police interference.)
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1: 1
Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8032, 7 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Ara
Heavy action centered around the ROK Capital Division outpost near Yulsa
in east central Korea on 6 August. The position changed hands twice during the
early morning hours and by late afternoon was again in ROK hands. A strong
enemy probe materialized at midnight and was still under way at the last report.
The Chinese used over 7,000 rounds of artillery and mortar fire in support of
this minor action. Another Capital Division outpost,, a little to the west,
was under enemy attack as the period closed.
N
Naval air sorties totalled 23 on 6 August. Kojo and Hungnam were attacked
on the east coast. There were no air operations on the west coast. Blockade
ships bombarded both Korean coasts.
Air
UN aircraft under FEU control flew 1,109 effective sorties of which 778
were combat. Singosan in the east central area was the main target of the
18 bomber sorties. Of the 239 enemy MIG's observed, 90 were encountered. UN
aircraft destroyed six MIGrs and damaged three others.
II, Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
The Liberal Party, which supports Yi Pom-sok, has accused Prime Minister
Chang and Home Minister Kim of violating the election law and interfering-in
the campaign, according to Ambassador Mucoto. A lawsuit has been filed against'
these officials, and the Ambassador comments that further suits are to be ex-
pected.
"v,A. HAS P1O OBJECTION
THE C.
TO THE DECJASSIFICATION OF
T.
THIS DOCUvILiv
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Economic
According to a 3 August Radio Pyongyang broadcast, a member of the North
Korean Government delegation to Mongolia stated that "the Central Committee
of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party decided to send 70,000 head of
livestock to Korea by the end of this year." (In an early 1952 North Korean
Government broadcast relative to the severe depletion of the country's live-
stock., it was stated that over 300,000 head of cattle, several thousand horses
and 700,000 pigs had been lost.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8033, 8 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Early in the morning on 7 August an additional two Chinese companies joined
the two-day-old attack against the ROK Capital Division outpost near Yulsa in
east central Korea,, The defenders were forced back and pursued to the UN's main
line of resistance by Chinese elements. South Korean elements again occupied
the disputed position after the enemy withdrew. Late in the evening another
Chinese company vigorously attacked the outpost, but was repelled after a
50.-minute fight. Other probes of varying intensity occurred in the Capital Divi-
sion sector during the period. The enemy employed a heavy volume of artillery
and mortar fire in support of his operations.
Navy
UN' naval aircraft on the west coast flew an unreported number of sorties.
No air operations were flown on the east coast. Naval surface vessels maintained
the blockade and bombarded targets on both coasts.
UN land-based aircraft flew 955 effective sorties, of which 568 were combat.
Medium bombers flew 15 sorties in attacks against two enemy marshalling yards on
the east coast and on reconnaissance and leaflet-drop missions. United Nations
F-86's observed 156 MIG-15's airborne on 7 August. Of these, 63 were encountered,
with 4 destroyed., 3 damaged, and 4 possibly damaged.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Propaanda
Radio Peiping's propaganda broadcast on 7 August in discussing the re-
patriationnofmprisoners issue stated that "thousands" of captured Koreans and
SECRET THE C. I.A. AA r' -NO OBJECTION
TO T
HE T>~T;nccI~IC~TZON
TUT OF
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Chinese volunteers "cannot be repatriated for the simple reason that they have
been murdered."
The broadcast went on to repeat the charges that captured Communist
personnel were forced to become secret agents and were air dropped into North
Korea. Many of these "secret agents" were said to be now "in the hands" of the
Communists.
(The first charge strikes a new note in Communist propaganda. UN forces
have been previously charged with the murder of prisoners, but not in terms of
"thousands." The second charge is becoming hackneyed.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8034, 9 August 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Aram
Late in the afternoon of 8 August, elements of the Chinese 12th Army
resumed the attack on the ROK Capital Division outpost near Yulsa in east cen-
tral Korea. They were supported by a heavy volume of mortar and artillery fire.
Shortly after midnight the intensity of the operations increased, with an esti-
mated two Chinese battalions engaged., but after 25 minutes of close combat the
Chinese withdrew. Enemy casualties as of early 8 August were an estimated 389
killed and 90 wounded.
In the west central sector, a patrol from the US 7th Division southeast
of Pyonggang was heavily engaged by elements of the Chinese 15th Army. The US
patrol withdrew after a 50-minute fight. The enemy used over 3,000 rounds of
mortar and artillery in this action. In the west, US artillery engaged three
self-propelled guns and two tanks about two miles behind the front of the
Chinese 39th Army.
Na?a
Naval aircraft flew 115 sorties on the east and west coasts of Korea
against enemy troop and supply installations. Surface vessels on the east
coast bombarded the enemy shore at Songjin, Tanchon, Chaho, Hungnam and Wonsan.
Enemy gun emplacements and supply installations were destroyed. The west coast
bombardments were in the Haeju vicinity.
UN land-based aircraft flew 1,142 effective sorties, of which 745 were
combat. Medium bombers flew 13 sorties against a marshalling yard in eastern
Korea, in support of ground troops, and on leaflet and reconnaissance missions.
United Nations F-86's observed 67 MIGa15?s airborne on 8 August. Of these,
21 were encountered and three destroyed.
THE C - T --n. FTn.c r4n OgT1s77n7T)IGiT
1
TD T r _, T LIa LY OF
NJ.0 6 JUL 1978
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II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
The latest returns in the presidential race give Rhee 5,27,383 votes,
approximately three-fourths of the total cast. Cho Pang-am and Ti Si-yong are
far behind with just under 800,000 votes each. Ambassador Muccio believes that
the large urban vote for Yi and Cho was a protest vote indicating growing dis-
satisfaction with the Rhee regime among intellectuals and the better-informed
city proletariat.
Muccio comments that Yi Pom-sok?s surprising defeat for the vice-
presidency removes temporarily the principal threat to democratic development
in South Korea, and if better elements are brought into the cabinet, further
progress toward a reasonably honest and efficient government may be expected.
He cautions, however, that although Yi has pledged his support of Rhee, he
does not give up easily and is by no means powerless.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8035, 11 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
AAri
On 9 August, two companies of Chinese troops, supported by. an unprecedented
high of 8,224 rounds of mortar and artillery fire, attempted for four hours to
dislodge ROK Capital Division troops from a hotly contested outpost near Yulsa
in the east central sector. The enemy finally withdrew and the sector was quiet
on 10 August. In the western sector near Punji, Chinese troops from the 40th
Army fought a series of sharp battles with US lst Marine Division elements for
possession of a US outpost. In one attack, the Chinese used over 4,000 rounds
of supporting fire. The position changed hands three times on 9 August and
twice on 10 August, ending with enemy elements in possession. Sharp patrol
clashes and minor probes occurred along the rest of the front during the 48-hour
period.
N.avy
Attacks by naval aircraft against enemy troop and supply installations on
both Korean coasts totalled 88 on 9 August and 298 on 10 August. Surface units
bombarded targets on the east coast from Songjin to Wonsan on both days, while
on the west coast targets in the Haeju-Chinnampo area were bombarded.
Air
On 9 August land based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew
4187 effective sorties, 788 of which were combat; on 10 August 645 combat sorties
out of a total of 1030 were flown. Medium bombers flew 17 sorties on 9 August,
concentrating their attack on a supply area near Pyongyang. On the following
day, only three effective bomber sorties were mounted, with Hamhung as the main
target. Thirty-four MIGia were observed on 9 August of which 20 were encountered.
One enemy aircraft was probably destroyed and two probably damaged. None was
destroyed on 10 August although 12 MIG's were observed and four of them encount-
ered. On three occasions on 10 August, British naval aircraft were attacked by
MIG's as far south as the Chodo-Chinnampo area.
J~
THE C.!.!' !'4CT- ION
T' x'C is i1 OF
Q 6 J to I. 19 78
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II. Military Intelligence
Air
UN F-86 pilots patrolling the Yalu River on 9 August observed an unidenti-
fied number of aircraft taking off from an airfield near Fengeheng nearly 30 miles
inland from Antung.
Far East Air Force notes that an airfield, designated as Ta Pao, is located
in this area and is considered to be within the complex of airfields used by the
enemy in the Korean air war. FEAF further estimates that "at least a regiment
of NIG-15's" is probably stationed at the field.
Enemy Rear Areas
I Mj during the
last UN daylight bombing of Pyongyang , a bomb a er by import-
ant North Korean government officials and party members received a direct hit.
An estimated 400 to 500 persons were allegedly killed.
Far East Air Force comments that bomb damage assessment shows that a string
of bombs straddled an area reported to house important North Korean government
offices.
III. General Situation
Propaganda
The 9 August issue of Pravda reached a new low in fabrications on American
"atrocities" in Korea, according to Ambassador Kennan. The reports, which dealt
with mass murder of civilians, sadism., rape, and mutilation during the temporary
UN occupation of North Korea, were attributed to the Korean press. (Moscow
propaganda has yr eviously refrained from the extremism indulged in by the North
Korean press on the alleged American atrocities. It is of interest that Moscow,
almost two years later, is now picking up the charges.)
Both Pyongyang and Peiping are giving prominence to the UN announcement of
the planned bombing of 78 selected cities. The broadcasts allege that the bomb-
ing of "peaceful targets" is an attempt to wreck the peace negotiations and ex-
tend the war.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8036, 12 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
1. Military Operations
The most significant action of the day occurred in the coastal area of
eastern Korea where two North Korean companies attacked positions of the ROK
5th Division near Oemyon. After a three hour fight the enemy withdrew. Patrol
clashes and brief probes took place along the rest of the front, The press
reports that 135 let Marine Division elements in the west succeeded in retaking
the outpost lost near Punji over the weekend and in capturing a commanding
ridge line.
Nam
A total of 286 naval air sorties were flown on 11 August. On the east
coast targets in the vicinity of Chongjin, Wonsan and Yangdok were attacked.,
while on the west coast the planes concentrated on the area from Chinnampo to
the Han River estuary. Surface units continued the blockade of both Korean
coasts while bombarding shore installations.
Air
Land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 994 effective
sorties during the periods of which 532 were combat. Of the eight enemy MIG4e
observed, four were encountered. One NIG was probably destroyed and one damaged
during the encounters. Medium bombers flew 24 effective sorties on the night
of 11 to 12 August, attacking an industrial plant north of Wonsan,
II. Military Intelligence
Air
The iE Fifth Air Force reported on 10 August that UN pilots claimed
24 MIG.15ta destroyed and 27 damaged during the period from 1 to 9 August, UN
casualties during the same period were three jets lost and seven damaged. (The
60 NIG-15 casualties in little more than a-week give ample evidence of the in-
creased tempo of the Korean air war.)
III. General Situation
No significant reports have been received during the last twenty-four hours.
RIM THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION 1 O 25X1
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SEC
Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8037, 13 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
In the afternoon of 12 August., after having occupied Hill 122 (Bunker Hill)
near Punji in the western sector early in the morning,, elements of the US 1st
Marine Division received a heavy artillery-supported counterattack from a
Chinese battalion. The attack was contained, but action continued sporadically
into the night. Just after midnight another strong Chinese attack materialized
which,, according to press accounts., was repulsed with heavy enemy casualties.
Other strong enemy probes occurred elsewhere in the US let Marine Division
sector and in the 1st Commonwealth Division's area. Minor probes and patrol
actions took place along the rest of the front.
Nay
UN carrie s-based aircraft flew 278 sorties against, enemy installations and
supply lines in the Iwon area in the east and from Chinnampo to Haeju in the West-
Surface vessels bombarded enemy positions on both coasts. An enemy attempt to
land on Cho Island off western Korea was turned back by naval action.
Air
UN land based aircraft few 829 effective sorti&sq of which 4.68 were combat.
Only two sorties were flown by medi . bombers on leaflet id ! eco r aisea e
missions, NO enemy MIGi5 ? e were reported r~"-ssrved or con &zt ,
II, Mlitary Intelligence
No significant reports have been rec
ived during the past 24 hours,
III, General Situation
j~Lo
Tile North Korean propaganda preparation for the seventh anniversary of
Japan's unconditional srarrend,er ext, nds PyonUaagas ~ever?la.stfng gratitude and
fr?iend;ship to the Soviet Armed Forces and the Soviet people. T1e North Korean
F S D' s THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
THIS DOCUMENT.
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radio states that "the United States and. Britain failed to play a decisive role
in the war against Japan," The only noted reference to the USSRi role in the
present Korean conflict is a statement that Russia "has always supported us
through the past two years.'
Economic
The 1952 rice crop in South Korea is estimated at approximately 3,239,000
metric tons of polished rice as of 10 August,, according to the US Embassy. All
other crops., fruits and vegetables "look good." (Paddies watered by rainfall.,
which produce seven percent of the total rice crop., -were affected bl, the drought
in South Korea and a small rice deficit is expected. However., UN relief supplies
and ROK imports will cover any shortage.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8038, 14 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
A
On 13 August, the fight for Hi]l 122 (Bunker Hill), southeast of Punji in
the western sector continued. A reinforced Chinese battalion, supported by a
heavy concentration of artillery and mortar fire, twice attacked elements of the
US 1st Marine Division in an attempt to retake the hill. The five-hour and one-
hour enemy attacks failed. Elsewhere along the front, patrol clashes and probes
were reported.
Na~y
Naval air operations were suspended on August 13 as the task forces en,
gaged in resupp]y. UN naval surface vessels bombarded the enemy coast in the
vicinity of Songjin, Tanehon, and Wonsan in the east and Choda in the west.
Enemy troop and supply installations were destroyed and transportation was
hindered.
UN land based aircraft flew 916 effective sorrties, of which 561 were com-
bat. Of the 207 close-support sorties flown, 168 were in the US I Corps sector
in the west with the bulk of these being flown by Marine Corps aviation. Medium
bombers flew 25 sorties against an enemy supply area south of Sariwon in the
west. During the morning of 13 August, the pilots of a flight of UN conventional
aircraft observed 6 MIGm15ts in the Chinnampo region. No contact was reported.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
Ambassador Muccio, commenting on the whereabouts of the remaining three
National Assemblymen in hiding since the crisis, reports that Om Sang-sop
SECRET THE
C.I.A. HAS NO OBJE
CTION
TO
TIE DECT;ASSIFICATION OF
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appeared in the Assembly Hall on 13 August for the first time. ?0 Wi yong has
also emerged from hiding, but is reported to have "gone to the country."
Kim Yong-sen still remains unaccounted for.
A Nationalist Chinese news service reports that Kim Hong-il, the South
Korean Ambassador in Taipei, revealed on 14 August that Korea, Nationalist China,
and the Philippines have been exchanging opinions on the possibility of forming
an anti-Communist defensive alliance. Nothing concrete has resulted from the
negotiations. (These three countries have exchanged 05 opinions on an anti-
Communist alliance in the past with negligible result.
Pro naganda
Radio Pyongyang broadcast on 9 August that six members of the "Inter-
national Committee of Scientists" went to Korea on 28 July to investigate "the
actual state of affairs concerning the germ warfare being carried out by the
American imperialist aggressors in Korea and China." The mission left Korea
on 5 August. The six "scientists" are from Great Britain, France, Italy,
Sweden, the USSR, and Brazil. (Undoubtedly the report of these scientists will
be added to the mountain of "proof" on US employment of germ warfare).
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8039, 15 August 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
1.
Military Operations
Army
In the western Punji area, US Ist Marine Division elements retained the
outpost on Hill 122 after a two-hour attack by Chinese 40th Army troops. The
enemy fired approximately 3,,000 rounds of artillery and mortar shells in support
of this unsuccessful attack. In the US 3rd Division sector, 15 miles to the
northeast, an. outpost changed hands five times during a 24-hour period, with
the enemy currently in possession. In the central sector west of Chorwon, a
patrol from the 187th Airborne Regiment, attached to the U3 7th Division,
fought a 3-hour engagement with the Chinese. Other Chinese troops in the east
central sector wrested an outpost from the ROK3rd Division.
Navy
A total of 282 naval air sorties were flown on 14 August against enemy
ground installations with the loss of one US Navy plane. UN blockade ships
bombarded the enemy shore in the vicinity of Songjin, Tanchon, and Chaho in
the east and Haeju and Chodo in the west.
UN land-based aircraft flew 770 effective sorties, of which 381 were com-
bat. The night of August 14 to 15 medium bombers flew two reconnaissance
sorties and an additional two sorties dropping leaflets on 13 North Korean
cities. On Antung airfield 12 MCG's were observed. No contact with enemy
aircraft was reported.
II. Military Intelligence
The Far East Command accepts on the basis of POW statements the it esence
in Korea of the Chinese Communist 40th and 41st Artillery Regiments. These
regiments are assigned to the Artillery Section, Chinese Communist Headquarters
in Korea, attached to the III Army Group., and further attached to its 12th Army
on the line in east central Korea. Each has a strength of 1,500 w n., is
motorized, and is equipped with 36 105mm howitzers and 75mm guns.
2
F SECRET THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
0 THE DECF,JCSIFICATION OF
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Far East Air Force photo reconnaissance on 9 August revealed that the main
runway and taxiway at Namsi airfields north of the Chongchon River in North Korea,
appear to be serviceable. (Namsi was one field in the three-airfield complex in
the Chongchon River area that the enemy attempted to make operational in October
1951, only to be frustrated by UN bombings. At present it cannot be ascertained
whether Namsits present serviceability indicates that another such Communist
attempt is under way.)
III. General Situation
Political
As a result of recent political developments in the ROB, a reshuffling and
regrouping of various factions in the National Assembly will probably result,
according to Ambassador Muccio. President Rhee's disavowal of the Liberal Party..
coupled with the defeat of their leader Yi Pom-sok, leaves the future of that
party in the balance. The Ambassador comments, however, that it is still too
early to foresee the results of the new political alignments.
The LE Embassy in Pusan reports rumors that a major cabinet shake-up will
take place immediately after Rhee's inauguration. Lending support to this talk
is an open split in the cabinet with the Prime Minister, Home Minister, and other
elements who supported the "Veep.-elect" on one side and Yi Pom-sok's backers on
the other. The latter include the Ministers of Finance and Justice.
One responsible Assembly source is reported by the Embassy as claiming
that the President intends to reimpose martial law following his inauguration on
15 August,
Propaganda
North Korean Premier Kimts seventh liberation anniversary speech contained
the usual eulogies to the "valiant" forces of North Korea, the Communist "volun-
teers.." and the Korean people. He called for the People's armed forces to ready
themselves "to deal further blows to the enemy" to achieve "final victory."
Although foreign releases of Kim's speech contained references to a ter-
mination of the war on an "equal basis," they did not appear in the version
broadcast to the Korean people.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8040, 16 August 1952
I. Military Operations
Army
In the western sector near Punji, US lst Marine Division olemontbs
on Hill 122 held firm against an attack by a Chinese company on the after-
noon of 15 Augusta Shortly after midnight, an estimated enemy battalion,
supported by 3,000 rounds of mortar and artillery, again attacker' the
position. After a fight of nearly three hours the Chinese withdrew.
Enemy casualties inflicted by the Marines in the last four days in the
fighting around Puaji are estimated at 879 killed and 1,183 wounded. In
the east central sector near Talchon, a raiding party from the ROK 3rd
Division encountered, heavy resistance from well-entrenched Chinese elements.
After a six-hour fight, during which the enemy used over 1,600 rounds of
artillery and mortar fire, firing ceased with the ROKss still short of their
objectives
UN carrier-based aircraft flew 184 sorties against enemy installa-
tions from Songjin south to the Wonsan area in the east and from Chinnampo
south to the Yonan area in the west. Naval surface vessels in the east bom-
barded enemy positions and lines of communications from Songjin to Wonsan?
No enemy activity was observed by surface craft in the west.
Aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 686 effective sorties?
of which 391 were combat. Medium bombers flew only 2 sorties on leaflet and
reconnaissance missions. No enemy jets were observed operating over Korea
during the period.
III Military Intelligence
Guerrilla Activity
The ROK 1^t Division on 5 August concluded 'Operation Mongoose,"
an anti'-guerrilla, sweep in southwest Korea. A recapitulation shows that
I
M
RPIT THE C. I, A,, '?A~' T'7 OA,7I,CTION
I TO I ' _ I CATION OF
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464 partisans were either killed or captured.. The US Military Attache in
Pusan comments that this "poor showing" against the estimated 3,000 guerrillas
in the area was due to the summer climate and vegetation which enabled the
guerrillas to live off the countryside without exposing themselves to capture.
(Far East Command estimated in late July that there were only some 2,000
guerrillas in this area. Despite the relatively few guerrillas killed or
captured, aggressive action by the South Korean troops has limited their
attacks to small isolated groups seeking clothing, food and arms.)
A corrected version of an Air Force cable reveals that the main runway
at Namsi airfield, in the Chongchon River area, was not serviceable on 9 August.
III. General Situation
Propaganda
A Peiping broadcast on 15 August in commemoration of the seventh
anniversary of the "Korean People?s liberation. . . from Japanese imperialism"
stated that "the mighty strength generated by the close unity between the
Korean and Chinese people. . .can smash any schemes of the American aggres-
sors." The i,ropaganda blast claimed that over a half million UN soldiers
had been killed or captured and 5,900 planes had been shot down or damaged
while the Communists have acquired an "ever strengthened air force and artillery."
Peiping warned that if the `GS "should dare. . .unleash a tkird world war. . .
stretching from Germany to Korea. . . it will inevitably be soundly thrashed
and suffer a still more disast:rou.p defeat."
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8041, 18 Aug 1952
DA':ILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I, Military Operations
Axe
In the western Punji area, Chinese troops the early morning of 16 August
briefly and unsuccessfully probed a US let Marine Division outpost on Hill 122,
Two enemy tanks were observed in the sector, but were not engaged. The following
day, a US let Marine Division patrol fought an 11-hour battle with defending
Chinese troops, before the American unit withdrew. In the east central Talchon
area, a reinforced Chinese company probed outpost positions of the ROK 3rd
Division for over an hour early on 16 August. The next day, elements of a ROK
3rd Division regiment in this sector retook an outpost, lost on 14 August, after
a fight of almost 3 hours. An enemy counterattack caused the ROKos to withdraw
slightly, The only other noteworthy occurrence of the period was in the ROK
Capital Division sector where nearly 100 rounds of effective counterbattery
artillery fire were received on 17 August,
Na
UN carrier based aircraft flew 143 air sorties on 16 August, Naval air
sorties flown on 17 August were reduced to 76 as Task Force 77 engaged in re-
plenishing. Targets attacked were undamaged hydroelectric installations and troop,,
supply, and transportation positions. Surface units bombarded targets on the east
coast from Songjin to Wonsan, while on the west coast targets in the Chodo.-Sokto
and Upcho Ri areas were shelled.
Air
Land based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 671 effective
sorties, including 355 combat, on 16 August, Three bomber sorties were flown,
engaging in reconnaissance and propaganda leaflet drops. Only one enemy plane
was encountered, a conventional piston type, but no damage was inflicted on the
enemy aircraft. The following day, 17 August, a total of 578 sorties were flown,,
of which 311 were combat. Two unidentified aircraft and one MIG-15 were observed
but no enemy aircraft were encountered. Reconnaissance revealed four silver
swept-wing aircraft and 10 dark swept-wing aircraft on Antung airfield on the
early morning of 17 August. Only two bomber sorties were flown during the period.
THE I, A rO ; c~T ~rr
;:;;'
,
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Ii. Military Intelligence
A
UN aerial observers on 17 August observed an artillery piece whose caliber
was estimated at 24Omm. The piece was located near Pyonggang in the Chinese 12th
Army sector', (No enemy heavy artillery has been encountered in Korea to date.
The largest pieces known to be in enemy hands are US-type 155mm howitzers and
Soviet-type 152mm guns.)
III. General Situation
Political
Ambassador Muccio reports that South Korean newspapers have shown a con-
tinuing interest in the Honolulu conference of the ANUS powers. Editorial
comment is generally agreed that a pact composed of only three nations is not
enough to check the Communists and that a Pacific pact, along NATO lines and
including Nationalist China, South Korea, and the Philippines, is needed.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Tntelligence
8012, 19 Aug 1952
I. Military Operations
An undetermined number of Chinese Communists near Tuchon on the central
front briefly engaged a patrol of the LIS 187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team,
After an engagement of over two hours, the US patrol was forced to withdraw
slightly. On the east central front, three coordinated Chinese Conmiunist probes
against elements of the ROK 7th Division lasted for 45 minutes, followed by the
enemy's withdrawal. Minor probes and patrol clashes occurred elsewhere along
the front. During the report period on 18 August, the enemy employed 3,094
rounds of artillery and mortar shells.
N=
No reports were received from either Task Force 77 off the east coast or
the carrier task force off the west coast. Surface vessels fired bombardment
missions northeast of Hamhung and south of Wonsan. No firing was reported on the
west coast.
Air
Typhoon conditions brought the number of land based sorties down to 85 on
18 August, of which 26 were combat. Medium bombers attacked a munitions factory
at Nakwon in the Sinuiju area. No enemy aircraft contact was reported, although
press sources state that one non-effective enemy night fighter was encountered
in the Nakwon B-29 raid.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
A South Korean newspaper on 17 August, commenting on reactions to Liberation
Day, commemorating Japan's defeat, stated that Japan' "with its economy booming,
is the only winner from the present war." The.same paper two days before edi-
torialized that "many people have bitterly called this day not a day-of libera-
Sf iCRET T A A (7 q.h r,R TR'r L'I'ON
F
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Lion, but a day of suffering --- a dangerous trend since it presupposes preference
for Japanese domination."
Radio Pyongyang announced on 17 August the return of a North Korean
trade delegation, led by Commerce Minister Chang Si-u. The group visited
Czechoslovakia, Poland, the German Democratic Republic, Hungary Rumania and
Bulgaria. The conclusion of economic agreements with Poland, East Germany and
Hungary was also announced. (This is the first reference noted to an agreement
with Hungary.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8043, 20 August 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Ar
Chinese Communist elements probed positions of the 25th British Brigade,
lot Commonwealth Division, on the western front during the night of 19 August.
The action took place near Kigong and lasted two hours. Elsewhere along the
front minor probes and patrol clashes occurred.
Nav
No reported air sorties were flown by UN carrier-based aircraft' during
the period under report. Surface vessels observed enemy targets at Wonsan and
in the vicinity of Huryom,but no bombardments were reported.
Air
Land based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 299 effective
sorties on 19 August of which 65 were combat. In the early evening, 15 NIG's
were observed and 6 encountered. No enemy planes were reported destroyed or
damaged but one UN Sabre sustained major damage. Only four bomber sorties were
mounted during the period. One aircraft bombed marshalling yards in the
Chinnampo area while the other bombers engaged in leaflet drops and close support
missions. At 0200 19 August what appeared to be a piston-type enemy aircraft
similar to a B-26 was observed by one of our planes.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
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Propaganda
Radio Peiping claimed on 17 August, under a Kaesong dateline, that UN
planes once again violated the truce site on that date. The broadcast, claiming
that the overflight was confirmed by a joint investigation of security officers
from both sides, stated that this was the fifth violation since 4 August. As
usual the alleged occurrence was characterized as an American trick to wreck the 25X1
armistice negotiations. THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
SECRET THIS DOCUMENT.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
5044, 21 August 1952
I. Military Operations
AM
On the east central front, two Chinese Communist squads probed an outpost
of the 6th ROK Division for one hour and then withdrew. In the same sector,
another probe by Chinese forces was repulsed by the ROK's in a 4p minute fight,
Action along the remainder of the front was light with only brief probes and patrol
clashes. The enemy employed 490%6 rounds of artillery and mortar shells during
the report period, 20 August,
Nov
UN naval aircraft flew 152 sorties on 20 August against enemy troop and
supply installations. Task Force 77 resumed activities off the Korean east
coast. Surface ships maintained the blockade and shelled enemy positions in `the
vicinity of Songjin and Tanchon on the east coast and the Chodo - Sokto area on
the west coast.
A total of 564 land-based sorties were flown on 20 August, including 541
combat, Of the 38 enemy MCG's observed, 14 were encountered. Far East Air, Force
reports that two MIG's were destroyed, three damaged and one probably damaged,
pending film assessment. Bomber sorties totaled 44 during the period, 19 of which
attacked a Communist supply center near Pyongyang,
II, Military Intelligence
Air
Far East Air Force comments that the reduction in Communist air activity
during the last week represents a return to the norm maintained since mid-April,
The MIG pilots flew only 90 sorties last week as compared with the previous
week's 673. Forty-five M[G's were involved in 10 engagements. The enemy dis-
played slightly more aggressiveness and counterattacked UN planes when pressed,
although he still preferred "Jumping" the slower British Seafuries to tackling
F-86's. FEAF believes that the greatly reduced MEG effort is probably attributable
to the heavy losses sustained by the enemy during the previous week,
I
OS DOCUI.1^,IrI.
THE C. C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
TH
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III. General Situation
Political
Finance Minister Paek Tu-chin will be impeach-
ed as soon as the National Assembly reconvenes. Paek will be charged with mis-
appropriating 20 billion ROK won for political purposes. (The Finance Minister
has been under investigation for misuse of funds accruing from the sale of
tungsten. Paek is a Rhee follower and impeachment proceedings against him could
be a move on the opposition's part to test its strength. The US Embassy reported
that during a brief period in June, the special tungsten fund in the Bank of
Korea declined by about 18 billion won,)
Economic
Far East Command estimates that the Suiho power plant may be operating at
near pre-bombing capacity by 23 August. The plant was non-operational for 3 to
7 weeks after the June bombing, with only limited power supplied since mid-August.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8045, 22 August 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Arny
The US lot Marine Division sector was the most active area on the front
on 21 August as a series of indecisive probes and patrol clashes took place. An
unusual occurrence was reported from the ROK 3rd Division sector near Talchon in
east central Korea where the Chinese placed over 1,300 rounds of artillery and
mortar fire on a single ROK outpost in little more than an hour. Some 20 enemy
pieces, 2- and fir-gun batteries widely separate from each other, were responsible
for the concentration.
Navy
UN naval carrier aircraft from Task Force 77 on the east coast flew 227
sorties against enemy troop, supply and industrial installations. Blockade
vessels bombarded the enemy shore line at Songjin.and Wonsan. No air operations
have been reported from the west, and no heavy activity by surface vessels was
recorded.
On 21 August land based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flea 874
effective sorties of which 518 were combat. During the report period, 29 enemy
MIG9s were observed, six encountered and two'damaged. There was no damage to UN
aircraft. Thirteen effective bomber missions were flown on the night of 21 to 22
August. A supply center near Hamhung was attacked by ten of the bombers while
the remaining aircraft flew close support missions and leaflet drops.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
US officials report that Yi Pom-sokts Liberal Party holds Prime Minister
Chang chiefly responsible for engineering Yips defeat in the election. Liberal
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TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
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leaders believe that if Chang remains as Prime Minister the party's future is be-
clouded; on the other hand, if Chang is replaced by a man close to the party..
Yi may be able to regain Rhee's favor. Yi, meanwhile, intends to continue a
build-up of the party. (The expected resignation of some or all of Rhee's cabi-
net following the Assembly's reconvening on 20 August has not taken place.)
Commenting on a low-level intelligence report that the Korean Communists in
Japan had been ordered by North Korean Premier Kim Il-sung to organize five
divisions, the Chosen Ilbo on 21 August editorialized that "to frustrate the
enemy's efforts, our diplomatic approach to Japan and Japanese cooperation is
indispensable." (A majority of the approximately 800,000 Koreans in Japan are
North Korean sympathizers.)
Propaganda
An editorial in the New York Daily Worker on 19 August called for an
immediate cease-fire, with the prisoner of war exchange problem to be settled
later. The item stated that there is "only one logical sane solution to the
impasse . . . call a cease-fire now and debate the sole remaining issue of POW's
after the.killing has stopped." (In the spring of 1951, the Daily Worker called
for a cease-fire immediately prior to Malik's proposal in the UN.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8046, 23 August 1952
I. Military Operations
Army
Front-line action on 22 August was confined to brief enem, probes and
patrol clashes. The major engagement occurred in the US 2nd Division sector
in the west-central Mabang area, where a small Chinese unit probed outpost
positions of the attached Thai battalion for over?two hours. In the US 1st
Marine Division sector near Panmunjom in the west, the Chinese fired 32 132-mm
rockets. An aerial observer reported sighting'two vehicles with rocket plat-
forms south of Kaesong.
Navy
No report of naval air operations on the. west coast was received. Task
Force 77 on the east coast was engaged in resupply activities. Blockading
warships on the east coast bombarded enemy troop and supply installations. and
lines of communications in the Songjin, Tanchon, and Wonsan areas. In the
west, naval vessels fired at the approaches to Haeju harbor.
Land-based aircraft of the Far East Air Force flew 767 effective sorties
on 22 August, of which 403 were combat. A total of 68 enemy jets were observed;
27 of these were encountered., and two were damaged. One F-86 was lost due to
unknown causes. Far East Bomber Command flew only one effective sortie.
II. Military Intelligence
Air
Aerial photographs of Sinanju.airfield on the Chongchon River in north-
western Korea taken on 17 August show 3,000 feet of runway possibly serviceable.
Numerous vehicle tracks and repair activity were noted on the runway. (Sinanju,
75 miles southeast of Antung, is well within the protective range of MIG-15's
operating from the Yalu River airfield complex. The airfield has been used from
time to time by conventional aircraft. There is no indication that the Commu-
r
..i
fi
1A repair
t similar to that
fi
ff
e
r
e
e
or
nists are preparing fo
a in ens
=1~ ~? A, 11AS NO OBJECTION
THIS DOCUMr raT.
0 R
Ili THE DE,CT,ASsIFICATION OF
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Political
The US Embassy reports that rumors are current in South Korea that An
Ho-san has resigned as chairman of the Taehan Youth Corps. Presumably President
Rhee's opposition to Yi Pom-sok, a close Ally of An, created a split in the
organization which accounted for An's resignation. Although the acting head
of the Youth Corps has stated that he will not use the organization for political
purposes, the Embassy feels that this is "unlikely."
Ambassador Muccio believes that the public trial of POW's by military
commission for offenses committed in prison camps would lay the UN open to a new
barrage of unfavorable propaganda. and give the Communists a pretext for charging
that the defendants were being railroaded. He thinks that internal order can be
maintained by apprehending, confining, and segregating the troublemakers.
Economic
The Department of State announced on 22 August that the United States will
shortly pay the ROK $35,000,000 for won drawings used by UN forces in South Korea.
The settlement will be made under terms of the economic agreement signed by the
two countries on 24+ May 1952. (The ROK press and government officials had begun
to criticize the delay in payment, occasioned by the need to set up an adequate
US control mechanism over the ROK's use of the foreign exchange. This payment
should substantially retard the current inflation.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8047, 25 August 1952
D AIL Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
ArmZ
Ground action on 23 August was limited to minor enemy probes and patrol
clashes. The two most serious engagements occurred at opposite ends of the front
as a Chinese platoon briefly probed US lot Marine Division positions near Punji
in the west and North Koreans for two hours fought a ROK 5th Division raiding
party on the east coast near Oemyon. The following day, 24 August, is described
as being "unusually quiet." Principal enemy contacts took place in the east
central sector between ROK patrols and their Chinese opponents.
Navy
UN carrier based planes flew 134 sorties on 23 August and none were flown
on 24 August due to bad weather. Surface ships maintained the blockade and
bombarded enemy targets between Songjin and Wonsan on the east coast aid in the
Chodo-Sokto area on the west coast.
Air
Land based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 381 effective
sorties, including 148 combat, on 23 August, The following day only 69 combat
sorties were flown out of a total of 258. No enemy aircraft were observed or
encountered on either day. On 23 August bomber missions totalled 23; a supply
and industrial area near Pyongyang was the main target attacked by 10 of the
bombers. On 24 August, 14 effective bomber sorties were flown, 12 of which
bombed a supply center at Anju.
II. Military Intelligence
Guerrilla Activity
Active Communist strength in South Korea is estimated by the Far East
Command at 1,098 armed and 766 unarmed guerrillas with only about 100 automatic
weapons among these bands. While FECOM anticipates no danger to guarded in-
stallations and localities at present, the fall harvest usually brings on in-
creased guerrilla foraging which may affect agricultural activity in more remote 11
areas, THE C I C.I.A. H S z'O ('RT .CTION SMIRET TO THE ;:; ;I> ~C.~.T ON OF
I I T H I S ii r-D C", T
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Far East Command reported the relief of the Chinese 12th Army's 31st
Division by the 34th Division in east central Korea. (This is apparently a
routine change.)
III. General Situation
Political
The trial of 12 persons accused of participation in the attAmpted assassi-
nation of President Rhee opened on 22 August. Assemblyman Kim Si-hyon testified
that he planned to kill Rhee because of his increasingly tyrannical behavior,
but decided at the last minute.to merely frighten Rhee. Accordingly he dampened
the cartridges without the knowledge of the assailant to make sure the pistol
would not fire.
Kim also testified that he had received large bribes from Prime Minister
Changes Silla-ho Party and the Ministry of Justice to support the "compromise"
constitutional, amendment,
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8048, 26 August 1952
D A I L Y K 0 R E A N B U L L E T I N
1. Military Operations
Chinese troops in the western sector near Punji again attempted to wrest
Hill 122, Bunker Hill, from the US lst Marine Division on the night of 25 August.
A Chinese company, later reinforced to battalion strength, tried vainly for over
two hours near midnight to take the Marine outpost, but finally withdrew after
suffering over 100 casualties. Before daylight on 26 August another brief probe
by the Chinese was repulsed by the Marines. In the east central sector a Chinese
platoon made an unsuccessful 45 minute probe against a ROK 7th Division outpost
near Mulguji.
am
There were no air operations against the enemy on either Korean coast due
to inclement weather. On the east coast, naval surface units maintained the
blockade and bombarded shore installations in the Wonsan area. Targets in the
vicinity of Chodo and Chinnampo were bombarded by naval units in the west.
Air
For the report period ending at midnight, 25 August, a total of 237
effective land-based aircraft sorties were flown, of which 59 were combat. No
enemy aircraft were observed or encountered. Far East Bomber Command mounted
six bomber sorties on the night of 25 Augusta Three of the aircraft bombed a
Chinnampo marshaling yard while the remaining bombers flew leaflet and close
support missions.
II. Military Intelligence
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The assistant chief of staff of the North Korean Army
stated on 6 August that his army is
taking advantage or the de -Lay in truce negotiations to train home guard units in
North Korea and combat divisions in Manchuria. (While the North Koreans are un-
doubtedly training local defense units, there is no confirmatory intelligence to
indicate a North Korean training program of any scale in Manchuria.)
THE C i A, T10 OB 7'TTTCN
ll tj -,'--,77-~ 1; ~_: - ~T ', C -, 41
cTI) OF
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Air
During the US medium bomber attack in the early morning of 24 August
against a rail target very near the Manchurian border, enemy night interceptors
were encountered in six engagements. Only one of the unidentified aircraft in-
volved made aggressive firing passes at the bombers, and this one was probably
destroyed by the B-29 gunners. Some of the Communist planes had a high rate of
speed and were observed to be swept wing types. No damage was suffered by the
US aircraft.
Enemy Rear Areas
Last week UN aerial observers reported sighting a southbound railroad train
near Aoji-dong, a Korean village close to the Soviet-Korean-Chinese border, Far
East Air Force believes the train came from Manchuria rather than the USSR. (A
southbound train in this area could only be destined for the port cities of Najin
and Unggi in extreme northeastern Korea. There is no through rail link from this
coastal area southward.)
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prior to 6 August the
North Korean government decreed that all civilian ministries and agencies in the
government would assume a paramilitary role and would be subordinate to a "Labor
Party Armed Forces Joint Council." The decree stated that this military state
would continue until all Korea was unified. Reasons advanced for this change
were that the North Korean and Chinese Communist governments were convinced that
the US still entertained aggressive designs in the area, even if the cease-fire
talks should succeed, and that the North Koreans must be prepared because the
government "will never cease to fight for the unification of Kce ea," (There has
been no indication of any major change in North Korean governmental organization.
Immediately after the war began in 1950, all executive functions in Communist
North Korea were turned over to a "War Council" with supreme authority.)
Propaganda
In broadcasts on 23 and 25 August, Radio Peiping detailed additional
atrocities allegedly perpetrated on Chinese prisoners held by the United Nations.
The source of Peiping's comments are Chinese soldiers who were "forced to become
spies." One broadcast described the burial of 3 Chinese soldiers who had been
badly mutilated in "secret Americin experiments," while the other referred to a
"previously unreported massacre." (Previous enemy propaganda claims of UN- mis-
treatment of POW's have been general or have stopped short of detailed descriptaox-
of the alleged atrocities. Another propaganda broadcast cited these alleged
atrocity victims as being among the POW's the UN refused to repatriate,)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8049, 27 August 1952
D A I L Y K 0 R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Weather conditions on 26 August limited ground action to probes and brief
patrol clashes across the front. Flood conditions in enemy territory appear to
have made all roads south of Pyongyang in the central sector impassable and to
have washed out all bridges over the Nam River in the eastern sector. The only
significant probe occurred in the western sector where elements of the US lst
Marine Division turned back an undetermined number of Chinese Communists probing
an outpost on Bunker Hill.
Em
No carrier-borne aircraft flew sorties on 26 August due to replenishing
operations. Surface ships maintained the blockade and bombarded targets in the
vicinity of Songjin on the Korean east coast and Chodo on the Korean west coast.
Air
UN land based aircraft under Far East Air Force flew 266 effective
sorties, including 75 combat, on 26 August. UN medium bombers flew 10 effective
sorties; seven were directed against a supply area in Pyongyang. No enemy planes
were encountered.
II. Military Intelligence
Eight enemy prisoners interrogated by UN forces during the period 14 to
19 Augustzevealed that none had any knowledge of a coming offensive. All had
been instructed to defend their present positions. (Indications still point
to a determined enemy defense along the battle line in Korea.)
Air
For the week ending 24 August MIG pilots flew 160 sorties., an increase of
90 over the week ending 17 August. In contrast to that week, the Communist
pilots showed little aggressiveness as only 55 sorties engaged UN pilots. In
THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
CTION
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
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most of these engagements the MIG's seemed intent on evasion rather than combat.
Although UN medium bombers penetrated to the Yalu River area on 18-19 August,
only five Communist aircraft made ineffective interception efforts. During the
report period, two M[G's were destroyed, six damaged and one possibly destroyed.
III. General Situation
Cease-fire
Speaking at a conference of North Korean general staff officers on
6 August, the North Korean assistant chief of staff for operations, Ki Sok-pona,
reportedly stated that the Chinese and North Koreans had agreed to reach an
accord with the UN at Panmunjom and "then mount joint political and espionage
operations in South Korea and Japan." The North Korean general added that
control of South Korea would be effected by increasing internal dissension and
by guerrilla activity. Following the domination of South Korea, the next ob-
jective of the "solid Asian front" would be to "take Formosa." (The North
Korean officer reportedly making these statements is a Soviet-Korean and would
probably be aware of any major decisions made. While there are no indications
of such a Chinese-North Korean agreement to conclude a ceasefire or to act
jointly, the line of action advocated against South Korea is entirely plausible.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8050, 28 August }.952
D A I L Y K 0 R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Army
Ground action across the front on 27 August was light. The most signifi-
cant action occurred in the east central sector, where a Chinese Communist platoon
attacked elements of the ROK 3rd Division on Hill 590 near Talchon. After three
and a half hours of sporadic fighting, the enemy withdrew. Elsewhere action was
limited to minor probes and patrol clashes. The enemy employed 4,227 rounds of
artillery and mortar during the period,
Navy
UN carrier based aircraft flew 353 reported sorties on 27 August, with
totals still incomplete. Targets attacked were undamaged hydroelectric installa-
tions and supply and transportation positions, primarily on the east coast. Naval
surface units maintained the blockade and bombarded targets between Songjin and
Wonsan in the east and Chinnampo to Haeju in the west.
UN land-based aircraft flew 989 effective sorties on 27 August, 644 of
which were combat. Far Eastern Bomber Command flew 18 effective sorties. No
enemy aircraft were sighted.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Political
Prime Minister Chang in a 23 August broadcast stated that the ROK Govern-
ment will hold by-elections for the 27 vacant seats in the National Assembly prior
to elections for the newly created House of Councilors. Chang gave no specific
dates as to when the two elections would be held but stated that they were of
~V
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0 THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
HIS DOCUMENT. I
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"urgent necessity., (Rhee probably feels that by holding the National Assembly
by-elections in the near future, he can fill these vacant seats with his ad-
herents before the opposition is fully organized. In addition, victory in the
first instance would give Rhee a major psychological advantage in the House of
Councilors elections.)
Ambassador Muccio reports that the National Assembly probe of the tungsten
dollar scandal was given top play in most South Korean newspapers. An undertone
of considerable carping at the government ministers responsible was noted. The
Assembly questioned the Finance Minister on 25 and 26 August; on the latter date,
the Agriculture and Forestry Minister was also present.
Propaganda
Radio Peiping claimed on 27 August that American aircraft continued in-
trusion "over the territorial air of northeast China," Between 25 July and
25 August, 172 groups of American planes allegedly made 822 flights over various
cities in Liaotung and Kirin Provinces. (Several of the locations specified in
the broadcast are as much as 30 miles from the Korea-Manchuria border.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8051, 29 August 1952
D AIL Y K 0 R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Army
The front line was very quiet on 28 August, with only minor patrol clashes
and enemy probes. No probe was made in more than platoon strength and none lasted
longer than half an hour,
NNy
UN carrier based aircraft flew 188 sorties on 28 August against enemy
troop and supply installations. Surface vessels bombarded enemy targets on the
Korean east coast in the vicinity of Songjin and Tanchon and on the west coast
in the Amgak and Haeju areas.
Air
Far East Air Force land based aircraft flew 529 effective sorties on
28 August of which 267 were combat. Medium bombers flew five sorties on close
support, leaflet and reconnaissance missions. No enemy aircraft were reported.
II. Military Intelligence
Enen Rear Areas
UN visual air reconnaissance indicates that the recent floods have caused
considerable damage to bridges and road nets in North Korea. In the Pyongyang
area, however, all main supply routes south to the coast appear to be in good
condition; the rivers in this area were not particularly high.
III. General Situation
Political
On 26 August it was announced in the ROK National Assembly that a caucus
of negotiating groups had decided to shelve plans for holding by-elections for
the 27 vacant assembly seats. Ambassador Muccio observes that both President
Rhee and Prime Minister Chang are pressing for these elections as soon as possible.
(Such action on the part of the supposedly cowed Assemblymen indicates continued
resistance to Rheees dictatorial methods against that body.) ~j
THE C.I.A. HAS Nd OBJECTION
SECRET
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
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The National Assembly committee investigating the "tungsten dollar"
scandal went to President Rhee on 26 August to advise him of their results so
far. Rhee is reported to have diverted the conversation to the subject of
the additional constitutional amendments which he has proposed. The President
threatened that if the Assembly did not cooperate he would clean the "wrong-
doers" out of the legislature.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8052,; 30 August 1952
T. Military Operations
Arm
The relative quiet continued across the front on 29 August with
ground action limited to patrol clashes and brief probes. The longest
engagement lasted a half hour and occurred in the western sector, where a
Chinese Communist squad probed a US 1st Marine Division outpost on Bunker
Hill.
N
Naval air sorties on 29 August totalled 368 with not all reports com-
pleted. Carrier based aircraft from Task Force 77 on the east coast parti-
cipated in the raid on Pyongyang and also attacked targets in the Wonsan
area. Aircraft from the British carrier, Ocean, bombed and straffed west
coast installations from Chinnampo to the Han River estuary. Surface
units maintained the blockade of both Korean coasts. A UN vessel on the
east coast captured an enemy sampan containing 23 North Koreans.
Air
UN land-based aircraft on 29 August flew 1,552: effective sorties., of
which 1,229 were combat. The massive daytime raid on Pyongyang was condzacted
by 835 fighter-bomber sorties made up of US Air Force, US Marine, South
African, Australian,, and South Korean air units. Considerable damage was
inflicted on the North Korean capital at a cost of three UN aircraft lost
and six damagedbV antiaircraft fire..
Communist MIG-15's were out in force during the day, but did not
venture south of the Chongchon River which is well north of Pyongyang. Of
these 63 were observed with 26 encountered by UN F-86#s. One F-86
received major damage and one IICG-15 was destroyed ant-two were damaged.
Medium bombers flew 16 sorties against undamaged or repaired portions of the
Changjin hydroelectric power system in the northeast and two other B-2996
attacked a rail yard at Chinnampo. Seven other B-29as flew reconnaissance
and close support missions. One B-29 is currently unreported and a search
is under way.
THE C. I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
THIS D CUMENT.
I I N00.-6 JUL 1978
J
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lie, Military Intelligence
Enemy Rear Areas
U$ radio monitors report that Radio. Pyongyang, North Korea's principal
broadcasting station., failed to come on the air for its regularly-scheduled
broadcasts on 30 August. (The 29 August raid of the UN on Pyongyang., coupled
with the deteriorated power situation in North Korea,,, is probably responsible
for the Communist radio's silence.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
80539 2 September 1952
Military Operations
Enemy ground action in Korea on 30 and 31 August was limited to the usual
small probing actions and minor patrol clashes. On 1 September the ROK 5th
Division sector on the east coast became active as a North Korean platoon attempted
unsuccessfully to overrun a ROK outpost. A ROK force countered with a raiding
party, but met heavy enemy resistance and was forced to withdraw. Minor probes
and patrol clashes occurred elsewhere on the front on 1 September.
N
UN naval aircraft flew 82 sorties on 30 August, no sorties on 31 August,
and 435 on 1 September, the largest naval raid in recent months. Chief targets
on 1 September were the synthetic petroleum plant and coal mines at Aoj1-dong on
the Soviet-Korean border, Other important targets hit were remaining facilities
at the Chongjin iron works and installations at the Masan iron mines, the largest
in Korea,
Surface vessels on 30 and 31 August and on 1 September maintained the
blockade and bombarded enemy gun positions on the Korean east coast in the
vicinity of Chongjin and troop and supply installations in the Songjin and Wonsan
areas, UN naval vessels on the Korean west coast destroyed targets in the Upchon
and Haeju areas.
Air
On 30 August, a total of 656 land-based sorties were flown, including 337
combat. During the report period, 97 MIG's were observed, all in the Chongchon
River Yalu River area. Fifty-one MIG?s were encountered, four destroyed, and one
probably destroyed and 10 damaged. In addition, four more MIGIs were claimed des-
troyed or damaged. Far East Bomber Commzand flew 18 effective sorties on 30
August, U aircraft bombing a Pyongyang supply center, The following day, 31
August, only 109 combat out of 291 effective sorties were flown. No enemy air-
craft were observed or encountered. A supply center at Kangso, south of Pyongyang,
was attacked by 10 bombers during the night 31 August-1 September. On 1 September,
812 land based sorties were flown of which 513 were combat. A total of 65 NIGts
were observed in "MIG Alley" in northwest Korea; 32 were encountered and two
damaged with no damage to UN aircraft. There were only two bomber missions on
1 September, both propaganda leaflet drops over 23 North Korean cities.
THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
SECRET TO THE ? :. W=C- `r ( (
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II. Military Intelligence
ArArr
The Far East Command reports that the North Korean 8th Division has re-
placed the 47th Division in the North Korean I Corps sector on the east coast?
FECOM's acceptance of this relief is based upon the statements of recently
captured 8th Division POW's. (Little significance other than a routine relief
is attached to this move. The 47th Division has been long in combat while the
8th has had over a year out of the line.)
III. General Situation
Political
In a surprise move on 29 August, President Rhee replaced Home Minister
Kim Tae.-son with a provincial governor, Chin Honsik. Chin is reported by the US
Mission in Korea to be an extreme rightist and an associate of Louise Im and
Yun Chi Yong, members of the inner clique surrounding President Rhee.
Also replaced in this latest cabinet shift was the reasonably competent
Minister of Agriculture Ham In-sop. The new Minister is Sin Chungmok, a strong
pro-Rhee member of the National Assembly.
Prime Minister Chang Taek-sang, who, according to a recent constitutional
amendment, must propose cabinet changes, was not informed of this shuffle until
it was announced.
(Rhee, by this move, has effectively, albeit illegally, stopped any
serious bid for power that might have emanated from Prime Minister Chang and
former Home Minister Kim, The appointment of Governor Chin, an intimate of the
defeated vice presidential candidate Yi Pom-sok, to the powerful Home Ministry
may indicate a resurgence of Yi Pom-sokts influence.)
Pro
Under a Pyongyang dateline, Moscow Taal on 31 August credited the'"Central
News Agency" of Korea with a statement that 1,000 members of the Japanese-police
reserve were sent to the Korean front in July. (American employment in Korea of
Japanese lice reservists has been periodically charged by Radio Pyongyang in
the past.
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D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Arn
The tempo of enemy activity increased across the front on 2 September.
Heaviest action occurred in the ROK 3rd Division sector near the east central
Talchon area where two Chinese platoons, supported by over 3,000 rounds of mortar
and artillery fire, tried for over an hour to take a ROK outpost. Other note-
worthy enemy platoon-size probes took place southwest of Mabang in the US 2nd
Division's west central sector and in the ROK 8th Division's sector in the east.
Patrol clashes were heavy, lasting in some cases over an hour.
Navy
Carrier based aircraft flew 335 sorties on 2 September against enemy supply
and transportation installations on both coasts. Surface vessels bombarded tar-
gets in the area between Songjin and Wonsan on the east coast and in the Changson
area on the west coast.
Land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 683 effective
sorties on 2 September of which 388 were combat, Sinanju airfield was attacked
by 165 fighter-bombers in a daylight raid. The evening of 1 September, there was
a deep southern penetration when four enemy MIG's were encountered by UN air-
craft just north of Haeju. On 2 September 18 MIG's were observed in the Yalu
River area but none were encountered. Due to adverse weather conditions only one
bomber mission was flown on the night of 2-3 September.
II. Military Intelligence
Enemy Rear Areas
Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8054, 3 September 1952
UN reconnaissance of vehicle traffic in North Korea for the week ending
28 August reveals that flood waters in the east and central zones has caused
some dislocation in the enemy's movement of supplies. Damage in these two zones
caused the Communists to increase their use of western routes which were reported
to be in good condition. Twenty-five percent of all vehicles sighted during the
week were traveling on the Pyongyang-Haeju Kaesong route. The number of sightings
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during the week was extremely low, probably due to adverse weather conditions
which hampered the UN reconnaissance activity.
III. General Situation
Political
The US Embassy in Pusan reports that there is "some talk" among National
Assemblymen that if President Rhea does not oust Finance Minister Peek, because
of his connection with the tungsten dollar scandal, a nonconfidence vote against
the cabinet may be requested. (Rhea's dismissal of the Minister of Agriculture
on 29 August was probably partially motivated by a desire to mollify the Assembly
committee investigating the fraud. Rhee may be forced to dismiss Paek as the
probers have been quite vociferous, and the press has given the scandal much
publicity.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8055, 4 September 1952
I. Military Operations
Army
The Korean front on 3 September was quiet with only a few patrol engage-
ments and minor probes. The US lot Marine Division in the west near Panmunjom
received a 5-minute probe from a Chinese platoon. In the east central sector
near Yuusil, a North Korean squad probed a US 25th Division outpost position.
After an hour fight 11 enemy soldiers were killed and one was captured,
Nam
Due to a tropical storm UN carrier based planes did not fly any sorties
on 3 September. Surface vessels on the Korean east coast maintained the
blockade and captured 14 prisoners from an enemy sampan. Korean west coast
naval ships bombarded an enemy irrigation dam and gun emplacements near Haeju.
Air
Only 130 effective land-based sorties were flown on 3 September of which
52 were combat. UN fighters observed 22 enemy MIG's between the Chongchon and
Yalu Rivers in the early morning of 4 September. Ten of the MIG?s were en-
countered with one reported damaged. There was no damage to UN aircraft, Far
East Bomber Command mounted 58 sorties on the night of 3-4 September. Changjin
hydroelectric plant number one, about 40 miles north of Hamhung, was attacked
by 50 of the bombers.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
25X1 Political
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as o ugus es en ee was planning the early replacement o
ommerce and Industry Minister Yi Kyo-son. Finance Minister Paek Tu-chin
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reportedly is hoping to be assigned to the government's economic mission to the
25X1 United States. Sin Sung-mo is to be appointed head of a
"Maritime Inspection o ee, now under reorganization, and will be sent to
Japan to investigate potential salvage operations. (Finance Minister Paek has
recently become deeply enmeshed in the National Assembly scandal investigations.
Former Prime Minister Sin was for many months in semi-hiding in Japan. Reported
to have made his peace with Rhee, he is back in Korea and is apparently scheduled
to stage a comeback in the government.)
SECRET
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
8056, 5 September 1952
I. Military Operations
After two very minor probes on 4September, the US lst Marine Division
outpost on Bunker Hill in western Korea was subjected to an attack by two Chinese
companies in the early hours of 5 September. This Chinese probe, supported by
2,250 rounds of artillery and mortar fire, was repulsed after a fight of nearly
2 hours, Other Marine outposts to the north and east of Bunker Hill received
minor enemy probes during the period. Small enemy probes took place in the lst
Commonwealth and US 3rd Marine Division sectors in the west and in the ROK 2nd
and US 25th Division areas in central and eastern Korea.
Navy
UN naval aircraft on the Korean west coast flew 97 reported sorties on
4 September with the total flight tally incomplete. Air activity by carrier-
based planes on the Korean east coast ceased as Task Force 77 engaged in re-
plenishing operations. Enemy targets were bombarded by naval surface vessels
in?the vicinity of Songjin and Tanchon on the east coast, and in the Amgak area
on the west coast?
Air
On 4 September land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew
853 effective sorties of which 565 were combat. Installations in Sonchon,
located in MIG alley, were attacked by 279 of the fighters. During the period,
110 MIG's were observed and 73 encountered by UN aircraft, A total of 13 MIG's
were reported destroyed and 7 damaged. The UN lost four Sabres with one other
suffering minor damage. There were only four bomber missions flown on the night
of 4~-5 September. Three of the aircraft flew leaflet and close support missions
while the remaining aircraft bombed Hwangju, a town located on the main supply
route between Pyongyang and Haeju.
IIQ Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours,
Tx7;n Ca Z, 1` TTA ' T-,.,, r-a r '; 7 :'F4
06JUL 19Th
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Economic
The US Army representative on the US-ROK Combined Economic Board believes
that the won-dollar exchange rate should, "as an opening wedge," be changed from
6,000 won to one US dollar to 18,000 to 1 beginning 1 October. Army representa-
tives point out that American and foreign nationals are receiving 24,000 to 1 in
the open market and the exchange rate based on the present world market price of
rice would be about 45,000 to 1. They add that the present rate is unrealistic
and works against fair treatment for US troops. (The Republic of Korea, in negotiat-
ing the economic agreement which established the board,was adamant in demanding
the retention of the current 6,000 to 1 rate. Although the rate is unrealistic,
the US Ambassador feels that because the board has just started to operate and
the US payment of $35,000,000 was made only recently, the US should wait a few
months for these arrangements to have some effect.)
Propaganda
Radio Peiping on 4 September quoted an article by Alan Winnington of the
London Daily Worker in which the correspondent accused American top negotiator
General Harrison with threatening an extension of bacterial warfare against
North Korea. While the article emphasized this, the propaganda point was hinged
on a five-word quote, "disease and dislocation of homes," which Harrison may
have employed in connection with the devastation created by bombing. (The
Communist negotiators at Panmunjom have never brought up the question of
bacterial warfare during the negotiations. It is possibly of propaganda sig-
nificance that the Communists have gone to such lengths to associate the UN
negotiators with threatening BW,
25X1
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 Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9301, 6 September 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Army
Action continued heavy in the US let Marine Division sector near Punji in
western Korea. A reinforced Chinese company attacked Marine outpost positions
early in the morning of 5 September. The attack, coordinated with a squad-size
probe nearby, was supported by 2,000 rounds of artillery and mortar fire. After
a 35-minute engagement the enemy withdrew, leaving an estimated 50 killed in
action.. UN patrols along the rest of the front engaged in short fire-fights with
Communist defenders, but no serious action developed.
Navy
Aircraft from Carrier Task Force 77 on the east coast flew 83 sorties
against enemy installations in the Kowon-Wonsan area, while 43 UN naval aircraft
on the west coast sortied against enemy troop and supply areas in the Changjon
area.
UN surface vessels bombarded the east coast near SongJin, Hungnam, and
Wonsan. No report of bombardment was received from the west.
25X1
Land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 1,223 effective
sorties on 5 September, of which 820 were combat. Fighter-bombers flew 415 day-
light sorties, of which 226 were directed at a mining installation near Tokchon
in north central Korea. This installation, where heavy activity had been observed,
consisted of a crushing plant, ore processing plant and local electric power instal-
lations. Medium bombers flew 16 sorties during the night. Eleven of these were
directed against enemy installations in the Hamhung area in northeastern Korea.
Seventy-two Communist MIG-15's were observed by UN F-86 pilots, with 22 encountered.
Four MIG's were reported destroyed and three damaged at a cost of one F-86 damaged.
II. Military Intelligence
tension between 600 loyal South Koreans
and 100 North Korean sympathizers among the prisoners of war at Kangdong camp
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near Pyongyang resulted in a riot on 10 July. Armed guards restored order with-
in two hours. Five leaders of the pro-ROK group were promptly executed and rations
were reduced.
On 18 July the refusal of strong South Korean sympathizers at another camp
near Pyongyang to take part in propaganda leactures or work details resulted in an
outbreak of fighting with pro-North Korean squad leaders. Ten prisoners were
,wounded by rifle fire before order was restored. Food restrictions were applied
as punishment. (This is the first report of this nature.)
III. General Situation
Cease-fire
Four Soviet officers in jyjIfign clothes ied by a radio team are
located in a house in Kaesong,
e a ov, who has his headquarters Piping and is not associated with the
Soviet Advisory Group in North Korea.
2
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9302, 8 September 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Action was heavy over the weekend as the enemy demonstrated determination
and considerable firepower in attacking UN positions along the line. Principal
action on 6 September occurred in the US 1st Marine Division sector near Punji
in the west where Chinese attacks of up to battalion strength captured certain
Marine outposts on Bunker Hill, but were repulsed elsewhere in the Marines
sector. In the east central sector on Saturday, Chinese troops drove a ROK
Capital Division unit from an outpost. The enemy brought up three tanks in
support of this engagement.
The following day, the east central sector erupted as the enemy fired an
unprecedented 32,292 rounds of artillery and mortar shells in support of the
Chinese defense of newly won outpost positions. Hand-to-hand combat was con-
tinuing between the ROK's and the Chinese at the end of the report period,
Action also flared in the US 25th Division sector farther to the east where
North Korean elements closed to hand-to-hand combat on 6 September. Although
the enemy's attack was renewed the following day, no gains were made.
Naav
UN naval aircraft flew 227 sorties on 6 September against enemy troop
and supply installations on both coasts. Surface vessels maintained the blockade
and bombarded targets between Songjin and Kojo on the Korean east coast and in
the Chodo, Ongjin, and Haeju areas on the west coast. No report for naval action
on 7 September has been received.
Air
Land based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 819 effective
sorties on 6 September of which 515 were combat. The UN aircraft observed 54
MIGas during the period and encountered 17. One MIG was damaged and one probably
destroyed with no damage to friendly aircraft. FEAF Bomber Command mounted 18
effective sorties on the night of 6-7 September. One of the bombers attacked a
marshaling yard at Chinnampo while 12 additional aircraft bombed a supply center
in Pyongyang. No report has been received concerning air activity on 7 September.
THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION ? "
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF 25X1
RW.RFT THIS DOCUMENT. I I
/~
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II. Military Intelligence
ROK
25X1 I ROK
Lieutenant General Chong 11-kwon expects to be appo n e he pro-
posed ROK Joint Chiefs of Staff, When he obtains this position, Chong allegedly
will attempt to "purge" the Japanese clique, including the former chief of staff
and the two ROK Corps commanders., from any important posts in the army. He
anticipates the backing of n Song-mo. formerly Prime Minister and of Colonel
25X6 "Snake" Kim
(General Chong.. a highly competent officer., has juBz r ?)
(The Japanese clique., until recently in the ascendancy in the ROK Army, has
provided many competent senior officers but has incurred President Rhee's wrath
by its neutrality in the recent political crisis. Officers loyal to Chong are
reportedly those who have primarily been influenced by the US Advisory Group in
Korea,)
III. General Situation
Economic
North Korean civilians, captured from sampans by a US Navy vessel on
29 August, stated that there is a southward movement of civilians in the north-
eastern coastal area near Iwon because of the lack of food in the area. (This
report further confirms the dire civilian food shortage in North Korea. Most
of the rice grown north of the 38th Parallel. is collected by the regime and
doled out to the military, government officials, and other favored segments of
the population.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9303, 9 September 1952
D A I L Y K 0 R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Heavy action on two hills near Yulsa in the ROK Capital Division sector
in east central Korea continued through 8 Septembers Despite heavy counter-
attacks by South Korean troops throughout the day, the Chinese still held the
contested hills, In the defense of the hill nearest Yulsa, the enemy used over
69000 rounds of mortar and artillery fire during a seven-hour period and fighting
continued at the end of the report period. Elsewhere along the front limited
enemy probes and patrol clashes occurred, the most notable a five-minute Chinese
probe in the US lot Marine Division sector in the west.
Nav
Carrier based planes flew 33 sorties on 8 September against targets located
between Chinnampo and Haeju with the tally of flights not complete. No sorties
were flown on the Korean east coast as Task Force 77 engaged in replenishing.
Blockade ships bombarded enemy positions in the vicinity of Songjin, Tanchon,
and Chaho on the east coast and the Ongjin Peninsula on the west coast.
On 7 September, 192 land-based combat sorties out of a total of 470
effective sorties were flown. UN pilots observed 66 MIG?s and encountered 48,
all in the Yalu River area, Two MIG0s were destroyed, one probably destroyed
and eight reportedly damaged with no damage to UN aircraft. Only six bomber
sorties were flown on the night of 7-8 September in photo reconnaissance,, close
support or leaflet missions. A total of 811 land based sorties were flown on
8 September of which 540 were combat. During the period, 120 NIG?s were ob-
served in "M[G Alley" and 35 were encountered. The UN fighters destroyed five
enemy aircraft, and eight others were reportedly damaged, again with no damage
to friendly aircraft. On the night of 8-9 September, 25 effective bomber
sorties were mounted with 20 of the aircraft attacking a supply center in
Yangdok.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
It)
SECRET THE C. C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
No. 6 J1L(. T{f
0 THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
1 k66 W1000 -8
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III. General Situation
Political
US officials in Korea state that the ROK Justice Minister and the Office
of Legislation are reportedly working on drafts of the seven new constitutional
amendments which President Rhee proposed in mid-July. It is reported that some
of the legislators feel that the "dispirited assembly" will not block the
amendments, while others fear a repetition of the recent political crisis. (The
amendments, if passed, would severely circumscribe the powers of the legislature
and all but do away with democratic government in South Korea. There are indi-
cations, however, that the National Assembly will offer vigorous opposition if
the amendments are submitted.)
25X1 I I : inane
Minister Paek u-c in is to be rep-Laced by ae- ong, curren one of the
ranking members of the Liberal Party in the National Assembly. (Paek has been
under interpellation by the Assembly on several occasions recently because of
has alleged involvement in a major South Korean scandal. His replacement In the
near future is to be expected
I
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9304, 10 September 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B ULLET I N
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I, Military Operations
A
Action in the ROK Capital Division sector near Yulsa in east central Korea
continued to highlight the ground war. One of the contested hills was seized
from the Chinese in the late evening of 9 September. The other hill nearest
Yulsa was still held by Chinese troops, although South Korean elements-were only
50 yards from the hill's crest. Elsewhere on the front a slight increase in the
number of enemy probes and patrol clashes took place. Notable was an attack by
a Chinese squad against an outpost of the Colombian battalion in the US 7th
Division sector in central Korea. This eight minute probe was supported by mortar
fire and appeared to be "extremely well organized and executed,"
NM
UN carrier-based planes flew 240 sorties on 9 September against enemy
troop and supply installations and a power plant. No report has been received
on air operations on the Korean west coast. Surface vessels maintained the
blockade and bombarded enemy storage and transportation targets in the area from
Songjin to Wonsan on the east coast and in the Chodo and Ongjin areas on the
west coast.
Air
On 9 September 616 combat missions out of 1,016 effective land-based
sorties were flown. A North Korean Army military academy at Sakchu was attacked
by 76 UN fighter-bombers while Sabre jets flew cover. During this operation,
205 enemy MIG's were observed and 132 encountered in the Yalu-Chongchon River
area. UN aircraft destroyed 6 NIG's, probably destroyed another, and reportedly
damaged 13. Three F-849s were destroyed. Far East Air Force bomber command
,mounted 16 effective sorties on 9 September, 11 of which bombed a supply area
at Sopo, north of Pyongyang.
II. Military Intelligence
US aerial observers reported 10 pieces of heavy engineering equipment on
an airfield runway outside the North Korean east coast city of Wonsan, (Sporadic
attempts are made by the Communists to maintain airfields in the Wonsan-Hamhung
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area in operational condition. The presence of this equipment indicates that
another such attempt may be under way.)
III. General Situation
Political
According to a Chinese Communist news dispatch from Mukden, a North
Korean "autonomous people's government" has been established under Chinese
auspices in Manchuria on the northeast Korean border. The government was set
up on 3 September in the Yenpien district of Kirin Province according to the
report and will operate at the "district level." It was added that the
540,000 Koreans in the district constitute 74 percent of the local populace.
(It is certain that this district will not be an independent governmental unit.
The Chinese have "established" about 150 of these autonomous governments, partly
as a sop to the large national minority groups in China. Interrogation of North
Koreans formerly resident in this area indicates that "cultural tolerance" is
the extent of autonomy allowed.)
Radio Pusan broadcast on 9 September a statement by Home Affairs Minister
Kim regarding the tightening of controls on persons illegally leaving for Japan.
Kim acknowledged that there are some individuals who are seeking personal safety
in Japan, "still the target of our national rancor." The Home Minister threaten-
ed these individuals with "vigorous and strict measures." (South Korea has not
previously made a very serious attempt to curtail the departure of illegal
emigrants to Japan. The successful stoppage of these departures will somewhat
ameliorate the now strained relations between the two nations.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
93059 11 September 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
1. Military Operations
A
The fight for the two hills near Yulsa in the ROK Capital Division sector
in east central Korea continued fiercely on 10 September. The hill nearest Yulsa
was recaptured by the South Koreans during the period, but a heavy Chinese counter-
attack drove the UN troops from the prominence later in the evening. On the
other hill, recaptured by ROK forces on 9 September, two Chinese companies,
supported by 18,000 rounds of mortar and artillery fire, tried vainly to take the
position. Fighting often hand-to-hand continued in the sector at the end of the
period. Elsewhere on the front, the British Commonwealth Division in the west
repulsed an enemy platoon-size probe, as did ROK 2nd Division elements in the
central sector.
Navy
Carrier based planes flew 235 sorties on 10 September with the total
tally of flights incomplete. Targets included supply and transportation installa-
tions in the vicinity of Taehung Island and between Hyesanjin and Iwon in north-
eastern Korea. Naval air operations for the Korean west coast were not reported.
Blockade ships on the east coast destroyed buildings and warehouses in the vicinity
of Chongjin and bombarded targets between Hungnam and Wonsan. The report for
west coast naval surface operations was not received.
Air
25X1
25X1
On 10 September land based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew
906 effective sorties, including 571 combat. Twenty-five UN Sabres on patrol
in the Yalu River area observed 75 enemy swept-wing aircraft on Tatungkou air-
field. There were, however, no encounters with enemy jet fighters during the re-
port period. On the night 10-11 September only 5 bomber sorties were flown and
these were on close support, leaflet drop, and photo reconnaissance missions.
II. Military Intelligence
Ground
1 No. JUL j9,Z9__
I
10,000 North Korean army troops are moving into arrac-s near
Korea. At the same time enemy activity in the vicinity of Haeju in western Korea
THE C I A. T^ TO O 17 3I,CT1Otf
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appears to be increasing daily. (A number of intelligence reports recently have
revealed that the enemy has had a growing fear that the UN is planning another
amphibious operation; their anxiety may be reflected in this coastal security
activity,)
Air
Communist air activity during the week ending 7 September was characterized
by the Red pilots' general lack of aggressiveness, in contrast to previous weeks,
In encounters with UN aircraft, there was an evident lack of experience or pro-
ficiency on the Communists' part and many of the encounters actually consisted
of no more than fleeting engagements, From the staggering enemy losses combined
with the lack of aggressiveness, Far East Air Force surmises that apparently in-
experienced pilots were used to a large extent in the enemy's air effort. During
the report period, 18 MIG''s were destroyed, 5 probably destroyed, and 23 re-
portedly damaged. UN losses totaled four Sabre jets destroyed and two others
damaged,
III, General Situation
Propaganda
The South Korean press has recently become increasingly critical of the
Panmunjom negotiations and editorials have commented unfavorably on an alleged
proposal to shift the conference site to the UN.
There has also been a step-up in anti-Japanese newspaper comment. One
South Korean paper views the bombing of North Korea and the consequent destruction
of the North Korean economy as pleasing only to Japan which will thus find an
opportunity for economic penetration,
25X1
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9306, 12 September 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
There was no further action on the two hills near Yulsa in the ROK Capital
Division sector in east central Korea on 11 September. Bunker Hill in western
Korea was briefly probed by Chinese Communists but DC lst Division Marines success-
fully repulsed the attack. Elsewhere along the front there were numerous enemy
probes and patrol clashes with the enemy employing 28,335 rounds of artillery
and mortar fire.
Navy - Air
Due to technical communications difficulties, no Navy or Air reports are
available at time of publication.
II. Military Intdli.igence
No significant reports have been received during the past 2+ hours.
III. General Situation
Political
According to an Associated Press dispatch the South Korean National
Assembly on 11 September passed a bill prohibiting standing votes on consti-
tutional amendments. The bill, which was passed 89-0, also provided for the
overriding of presidential vetoes by the Assembly and the confirmation of
appointments of prime ministers by the president. (Use of the secret ballot
would lessen the president's ability to pressure or punish opposition assembly-
men. Passage of this bill, undoubtedly designed to block President Rhee's
seven new constitutional amendments, is the clearest indication since the presi-
dential elections that the legislature still contains a forceful and sizeable
opposition.)
During Ambassador Muccio's 7 September farewell call on the President..
Rhee rehashed several themes. The first thing to be done, he said, was to
curb inflation by providing the ROK with a sound currency. He again suggested
a LE loan of $300,000,000, to be converted into bonds and left in deposit in
ssue
c
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. ST
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t
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Rhee again spoke of the determination of the ROK to press for complete
liberation; he suggested that the ROK Army spearhead the attack, "maybe not all
the way to the Yalu," with UN Forces in the rear as reserves. The President
also expressed his intention to introduce the new series of constitutional
amendments in the National Assembly. This is necessary, in his view, to prevent
"traitorous groups in the pay of Communists or the Japanese" from taking over
the government.
Economic
UN naval air observers report that there is considerable repair activity
at a damaged power plant in the Hochon system in northeastern Korea. (UN
bombings of North Korean power plants have apparently had a continuing dis-
ruptive effect on what remains of the North Korean economy.)
During the month of August, the price of rice on the open market in South
Korea reached an all-time high of 150,000 won per 20 liters. US officials cite
persistent newspaper reports of droughts affecting this year's seemingly good
rice crop and reports of shortages for September as having caused the recent
increases.
At a meeting of the US ROK Combined Economic Board, South Korean officials
stated that this year's rice crop would net some 49,000,000 bushels as compared
to the UN estimate of over 76,000,000. Because of the extreme difference in the
forecasts, an immediate joint crop survey was decided upon to be completed the
last week of September. Meanwhile, ROK officials are trying to increase rice
purchases in Southeast Asia and the IS.
2
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SECRET
Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9307, 13 September 1952
D A I L Y KOREAN B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
A week of heavy fighting continued yesterday in the ROK Capital Division
sector of the east central front, A task force from the ROK Cavalry Regimen
attempted unsuccessfully for over two hours to force the enemy from "Finger
Ridge," the hill nearest Yulsa. Just to the east, other South Korean ele-
ments repulsed an attack by a Chinese battalion on "Capital Hill" after
almost four hours of fighting. The only other significant action along the
front was in the west central sector held by the ROK 9th Division. Here a
South Korean patrol was heavily engaged by a Chinese company for over an hour
before the enemy withdrew. Both the ROKs and the Chinese used a heavy
volume of artillery and mortar fire in the engagement.
Navy
UN carrier-based aircraft flew 241 combat sorties against enemy power
plants, industrial installations, and troop areas on both coasts. Surface
vessels bombarded enemy transportation and irdustrial targets in the Kowon
and Tanchon area in the east and near Cho Island in the west.
Aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 855 sorties on 12
September, of which 523 were combat. Medium bombers were very active
during the night as 28 B-29ts hit installations at the Suiho power plant
in the Sino-Korean border. One B-29 was lost over the target and another
crashed in South Korea. Bomber crews reported intense and accurate
antiaircraft fire and searchlights; four bombers reported sporadic attacks
from enemy night fighters. Preliminary analysis of strike photos shows that
the bombs were "short to on target." During the period, UN F-86ts observed
90 enemy MIG-15ts, of which 20 were encountered. One MIG was downed and
two reported damaged with no UN losses.
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II. Military Intelligence
25X1
A Chinese Communist soldier, captured on 11 September by US Marines
near Panmunjom, reported that he was a member of the 25X1
Training Division, Northeast Military District. (Who is pv
that a training division might be deployed in Korea for maximum utiliza-
tion of training opportunities, it is more probable that the PPr had only
recently arrived on the line and in Korea and did not know the tactical
unit to which he belonged.)
UN aerial observers on 12 September observed two large tanks parked
along the road near Punji, near the front in west central Korea. 0tier UN
aircraft attacked them with unreported results. ("Large" enemy tanks have
been sighted in the past in enemy rear areas, but no tanks other than the
familiar T-34 have been encountered. It is possible, however, that the
ones sighted near Punji are JS-II's, believed to be organic in a Chinese
armored regiment.)
On 9 September, UN carrier-based aircraft observed and encountered
20 MIG-15's near Sok island off western IIwanghae province. In this
southerly.ponetration, the enemy lost one MIG at the cost of a US Navy
Corsair. (While the pattern of enemy air operations this far south is
erratic, the last month has seen a growing number of enemy interceptors
south of Pyongyang.)
III. General Information
Political
Radio Pyongyang on 10 September listed the North Korean delegates to
the "Asian and Pacific Peace Conference," to be held in Peiping beginning
26 September. The Korean representatives will apparently be headed by
Madame Pak Chong-ae. (Madame Pak, born and educated in the USSR, is a
staunch and fairly influential member of the Soviet clique within the North
Korean Government. She is secretary of the Korean Labor Party and Chair-
man of the Korean Democratic Women's League*)
25X1
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9308, 15 September 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
&ME
Action continued heavy over the weekend in the ROK Capital Division sector in
east central Korea. The focus of fighting was "Finger Ridges' near Yulsa which
the Chinese captured over a week ago. Early Sunday morning ROK elements
succeeded in driving the enemy from the hill,, only to be driven back themselves
by a fierce Chinese counterattack later in the morning. The South Koreans
attacked again before noon on Sunday, but were stopped just short of the crest.
At 1100 hours the Chinese unleashed a heavy mortar and artillery barrage and at
present hold the position. During Sundaygs engagement,, the Chinese used nearly
15'000 rounds of mortar and artillery fire. Elsewhere along the front there were
minor enemy probes and patrol clashes.
NM
Carrier-based aircraft on both the east and west coasts flew 317 sorties
on 13 September and 301 sorties on the following day against enemy transportation
and supply installations,, a cement factory, and an unidentified enemy freighter.
Surface vessels bombarded enemy troops and gun emplacements between Songjin and
Wonsan on the Korean east coast and in the vicinity of Chodo and the Ongjin
Peninsula on the west coast.
Air
Land-based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew 813 sorties on
13 September of which 49' were combat. Only eight enemy MI:G4s were observed
airborne and two were eicountered, with no damage to either UN or enemy aircraft.
Some 200 enemy jets were observed by F-86 pilots on Antung, Tatungkou and Takushan
airfields. The 5 bomber sorties flown on the night of 13 September engaged in
photo reconnaissance and leaflet drop missions.
On 14 September 373 combat out of a total of 629 effective sorties were
flown. A total of 96 NIG's was observed in the Yalu River area of which 41
were encountered. Two enemy aircraft were destroyed, two probably destroyed
and two damaged. One UN Sabre was destroyed and another damaged during the
encounters. There were 16 effective bomber sorties on the night of 14-15
September,, 14 of which attacked a supply center at Sopo near Pyongyang.
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II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 48 hours,
III. General Situation
Political
American Charge Lightner reports that the Korean press and officials
during the past week have engaged in an inspired campaign to convince the
Korean people that (a) the flow of UN aid goods has been reduced, with a conse-
quent acceleration of inflation; (b) the transfer of the Korean problem to the
UN and continuation of the truce negotiations are detrimental to Korean unifica-
tion and the free world's stand against Communism; and (c) IS-UN economic and
military aid to South Korea is insufficient. (In line with this criticism,
Assembly Vice Speaker Yun Chi-yong on 10 September blamed the US for the loss
of China to the Communists, and expressed fear that the UNGA discussion might
result in a similar error. He asserted that the US should give more attention
to Korea than Japan, and called for a five billion dollar loan, assistance in
arming two million South Koreans, and inclusion of the ROK in a Pacific defense
pact.
Propaganda
Radio Peiping on 14 September announced the conclusion of the work of
the International Scientific Commission for the Investigation of the Facts
Concerning Bacterial Warfare in Korea and China. The Commission "confirmed"
that American armed forces have waged bacteriological warfare against Korea and
China. Committee members included scientists from Sweden, France, Italy, the
United Kingdom and Brazil, as well as from the USSR.
On 13 September Radio Peiping announced that the US Air Force from
26 August to 11 September flew a total of 740 sorties over Northeast China.
The Chinese people are quoted as being "extremely indignant."
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 Central-Intelligence Agency
Office of Current intelligence
9309, 16 September 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
The pace of action slowed markedly all along the front line in Korea on
15 September. Patrol contacts, generally of short duration, and small enemy
probes in the sectors of the ROK 7th and 8th Divisions in the east constituted
the day's fighting.
Navy
The tally on naval air sorties was incomplete with only 13 reported on
15 September. These planes attacked installations in the Chinnampo-Ongiin area
on the west coast. Surface units on the east coast bombarded targets in the
Tanchon and Chaho areas and units on the west coast patrolled without ar
firing.
Air
land based aircraft flew 587 combat sorties on 15 September out of a
total of 896. In daylight raids, 223 fighter-bombers attacked targets in north-
western Korea including a major raid against installations near Sinuiju. During
this raid 132 enemy MIG's were observed and 43 encountered in "MIG Alley." LET
planes destroyed 8 MIG's, probably destroyed 2, and damaged two others, with a
loss of one UN Sabre. During the night 15 medium bomber missions were flown, 11
of which bombed a supply center in Pyongyang.
II. Military Intelligence
Enemy Rear Areas
Analysis of enemy vehicle traffic for the week ending 11 September indi-
cates that the Communists are continuing to pour supplies southward into the
Haeju-Kaesong area in the west. One-third of the week's 9,609 vehicle sightings
were on routes to this area. There was, however, an increase in vehicle activity
in the central zone, probably explained by the increased enemy ground action and
the heavy artillery ammunition expenditures along the east central front.
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III. General Situation
Pro da
On 14 September Radio Peiping in a home service broadcast alleged that the
Chinese Communist soldier who deserted spectacularly by driving a truck through
enemy lines at Panmunjom on 11 September was, in fact, a UN espionage agent. The
broadcast takes pains to point out that the UN staged this demonstration to prove
their point for detaining our POWs." (The desertion of two North Korean soldiers
at Panmunjom on 28 June was followed by a nearly identical broadcast alleging that
the two deserters were UN agents. These broadcasts may indicate a hitherto un-
suspected Communist sensitivity concerning the POW issue.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9310, 17 September 1952
DAILY KOREAN B U L L E T I N
1. Military Operations
For the second straight day, the Korean battle front was relatively quiet.
On 16 September an enemy probe of short duration in the US lot Marine Division
sector in the west and minor probes in the ROK 3rd and 8th Division sectors and
in the US 25th Division sector in the east constituted the heaviest action,
Patrol clashes took place in most divisional sectors. The enemy used 4,800
rounds of artillery and mortar fire during the-report period.
Naav
UN carrier-based planes flew 295 air sorties on both Korean coasts on
16 September against supply and mining installations including an ore processing
plant. Surface vessels maintained the blockade and bombarded defense and trans-
portation facilities between Chongjin and Chaho on the east coast and in the
vicinity of Amgak, Chodo and Haeju on the west coast.
On 16 September 903 effective sorties were flown by UN land based aircraft
of which 510 were combat. UK pilots observed il1 enemy MIG1 s and one type-15
in the Chongehon and Yalu River area and encountered 56 of the MIG's. A total
of four enemy aircraft were destroyed, 3 damaged, and 4 probably damaged with a
loss of one UBN Sabre. There were no bomber missions flown on 16 September.
II. Military Intelligence
Armor
The Far East Command in a recent re-evaluation of Communist armored
strength in Korea concludes that the enemy now has 450 tanks and 170 self-pro-
polled guns. This represents an increase of 66 tanks and 36 SP guns over pre-
vious estimates. (The T-31+ medium tank and the SU-76 light self-propelled gun
comprise the bulk of armor believed available to Communist forces in Korea.
Some captured US equipment, a few heavier but obsolescent Soviet tanks, and some
larger caliber self-propelled guns may also be present.)
THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
SBORET
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Air
On 15 September, UN pilots observed an estimated 30 swept-wing aircraft
taking off and landing on the Fengeheng east airfield while an additional 30 to
40 aircraft were parked at the ends of the runway in an alert position, The
UN pilots commented that after the enemy aircraft were airborne, it was impossible
to see them as they appeared to be "excellently camouflaged."
III. General Information
Political
Reaction in South Korean official circles to the Department of State's
14 September pamphlet on NATO is "arWthing but favorable," according to Clarence
Ryee, ROK Office of Public Information director. He declared that the pamphlet
reveals that the US considers Asia only of secondary importance, and that the
document is the latest in a series of "monstrous blunders" which the Department
has made in Asia. He concluded that this "white paper" seemed designed to prove
the Communist line that the US is not a dependable or consistent ally.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9311, 18 September 1952.
Military Operations
AM
The heaviest fighting along the front occurred in the east central sector
where Chinese Communists attacked two ROK Capital Division companies on "Finger
Ridge." For five hours in the early morning of 17 September the enemy attacked,
and succeeded in securing some positions on the ridge. When the action subsided,
however, the ROK's had improved their fortifications. Elsewhere along the front,
brief probes and-patrol clashes ensued.
Naay
A total of 398 naval air sorties were flown on 17 September. On the east
coast the aircraft attacked shore installations from Nanam to Hungnam while on',
the west coast,the. Chiampo..Haeju area was attacked. Surface units on the east
coast maintained the blockade and bombarded targets in the Songjin, Tanchon and
Wonsan areas. While in the west, the coastline near Cho Island was the main
target.
Air
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On 17 September, 1,033 effective sorties were flown by land based aircraft
of which 637 were combat. The UN pilots observed 72 enemy MEG's and encountered
27 in the Yalu River area. One MEG was destroyed and another probably damgged,
with no damage to UN aircraft. During the night 17 medium bomber sorties were
flown with 12 of the aircraft bombing a supply installation at Sopo, near the
North Korean capital of Pyongyang.
II. Military Intelligence
UK &M
The first meeting of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the ROK forces was held
on 10 September, according to US officials, who believe the aim of the ROK Army
Chief of Staff is to get a Department of National Defense into actual operation.
The chairmanship of the Joint Chiefs is scheduled to be rotated monthly between
the three services with meetings to be held at the heac3ntugrter,v of +hA ,.oe. ?+4~
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III. General Situation
American Charge Lightner reports South Korean press speculation that ROK
forces are now able to hold the line without UN troops so long as arms, naval
and air support are provided. This argument is reinforced in South Korea by
the recent rumors of the ROK Capital Division in holding "Capitol Rill." (This
appears to be another manifestation of the recently developed South Korean fear
that decisions unfavorable to the Pusan regime may be taken at the-UNGL. Part
of this xenophobic anxiety has taken the form of demands for the build-up of
the South Korean Army.)
Economic
US officials in Korea report that the ROK Government has proposed to raise
the price of rice from 15,000 to 90,,000 won per mal (16 lbs) in its sales to
laborers and indigents. Considerable criticism from the press and National
Assembly arose on the grounds that this would work an unnecessary hardship on
these particular classes and that rations for government officials would continue
at the old rate. The National Assembly on 10 September adopted a "compromise"
price of 30,000 won per mal for all rationees, including government officials?
2
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9312, 19 September 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I, Military Operations
JOK
The western front in Korea erupted during the night of 18 September. In
the U5 3rd Division sector north of Kangsomri, two Chinese companies attacked US
outposts late in the evening. Communications with the beleaguered unit were
broken and a patrol was sent out to re-establish contact, but was forced back by
heavy fire. At the same time all along the 3rd Division front, there was heavy
artillery and mortar fire.
To the northeast, the Chinese launched another push to take "Old Baldy,"
An enemy battalion,,, supported by artillery, mortar and tank fire, closed to
hand-to-hand combat and forced the withdrawal of defending U5 2nd Division in,
fantrymen from the left side of the hill, A US counterattack this morning was
meeting heavy resistance? Action continued in both the US 2nd and 3rd Division
sectors at the close of the report period,
In the east central sector, the Chinese again attempted to drive the ROK
Capital Division from "Finger Ridge" near Yulsa. Two determined attacks in
company strength were launched during the night of 18 September, but were re-
Pulsed by the South Koreans,
a
Naval air sorties on 18 September totaled 294x, Targets from Nanait to
Yangdok on the east coast were attacked while on the west coast,, aircraft from
the British carrier Ocean strafed installations in the Chinnampo-Eaeju area,
Surface units maintained the blockade and bombarded supply and troop installa-
tions on both Korean coasts,
A&
land-based aircraft under Far Fast Air Force control flew 96/+ effective
sorties on 18 September of which 591 were combat. In a daylight raid, 24 light
bombers attacked a railroad bridge near Yangdok in central Korea. During the
period, 32 MIGts were observed and 9 encountered in the Chongchonr..Yalu River
area, There was no damage to UN aircraft while one MIG was reportedly damaged.
During the night
16 effectiv
di
,
e me
um bomber missions were flown,, 12 of which
bombed a supply cente
t
r jus
north of Pyongyang,
S THE C.I.A.
F?A;~ t' 0p,j T10
TO THE DECT,ASSTFICATIO
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II. Military Intelligence
On 16 September UN pilots observed two enemy aircraft taking off from
Antung airfield which trailed white smoke similar to "JATO" -- jet-assisted take-
off, The silver colored aircraft climbed rapidly from 3,000 to 80,000 feet. Far
East Air Force comments that while the Communists are believed to have developed
JATO there has been no confirmation of its use in the Korean air war. It is cosy
el7.ed that the details of the above report are insufficient to confirm this
sighting as JATO.
III. General Situation.
Prot_a ands
The U3 Embassy in Stockholm reports that in a press conference sponsored
by the International Scientific Commission., most of the newspapermen - some of
them Communists - were visibly or outspokenly critical of the Commission's
"findings" concerning the UN's use of BW in the Korean war. The Embassy believes
that the presentation of the "evidence" of germ warfare by the Swedish member of
the Commission was a complete flop.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9313, 20 September 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N BULLETIN,
I. Military Operations
Army
On 19 September, heavy fighting on "Old Baldy" continued in the west central
sector. Two Chinese Communist reinforced companies supported by two tanks, plus
artillery and mortar, attacked elements of the US 2nd Division. The UN forces
succeeded in holding their positions on the eastern and western slopes of the hill
and the enemy was forced to withdraw. In the US 1st Marine Division sector on the
west coast, two Chinese companies supported by three tanks attacked friendly out-
posts. After a seven-hour fight, the enemy withdrew without gaining ground.
Elements of the ROK Capital Division in the east central sector were again
attacked on "Finger Ridge." The three-company attack against the South Koreans
was repulsed. Elsewhere along the front, minor patrol clashes and probes were
reported. The enemy employed 13,478 rounds of artillery and mortar during the
24-hour period.
Navy
On 19 September, UN carriers were engaged in replenishing. No air sorties
were flown. Surface vessels maintained the blockade and bombarded enemy supply
and defense positions in the vicinity of Wonsan on the Korean east coast. West
coast naval vessels patrolled in the vicinity of Chodo and Haeju.
Air
Land-based sorties totaled 1,093 on 19 September, of which 704 were combat.
There were no encounters with enemy MIG's during the period, but 50 enemy swept-
wing aircraft were observed on Tatungkou airfield in Manchuria. Sinmak, south-
east of Pyongyang, was attacked by 12 fighter-bombers. Far East Bomber Command
mounted 38 effective sorties. These bomber missions were flown in the late
afternoon, the first daytime medium bomber raid in more than a year. Targets
in the Hamhung area were attacked by 35 of these bombers flying in formation.
THE C.I.A. F'o"C I'D OBJECTION
TO THr. ,-
THI
No06JUL-1978
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Ii. Military Intelligence
During the week ending 15 September, a total of 555 enemy MIG's were
observed by UN pilots, of which 279 were encountered. MIG losses, for the
second straight week, were "staggering" with 14 destroyed, 3 probably destroyed
and 26 others reportedly damaged. In contrast to the previous week's generally
evasive tactics, the enemy pilots gave indications of increased willingness to
encounter the UN Sabres and, in numerous instances, evidenced well-coordinated
teamwork. For the first time in recent months, the enemy showed that he can
penetrate the UN's Sabre screen and close with the fighter-bombers. In ad-
dition, the Communists concentrated on the fighter-bombers before bombs-away
in an obvious attempt to protect the targets, whereas, in previous instances,
the MIG's attacked as the bombers were pulling off the targets.
III. General Situation
Political
American Charge Lightner reports the official confirmation of Hwang Ho-
hyun, a minor official of the Liberal Party, as Vice Home Minister and of Mun
Pong-che, an extremist of unsavory reputation, as chief of the National Police.
The Charge comments that Mun's appointment to the key police Job does not
bode well-for the future. Mun has been a leader in various political action
groups accustomed to employing strong-arm methods. He has recently been the
Liberal Party's Vice Chief of the Political Section, and during the political
crisis several months ago, he led an action group which terrorized Rhee's op-
position, especially Assemblymen. (There have been a few recent indications
of an impending struggle between Rhee and the Assembly. Rhee may be getting
his "strong arm boys" into positions where they can exert maximum pressure on
the opposition.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9314, 22 September 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
1. Military Operations
Army
Heavy fighting along the front continued on 20 September. In the western
sector Chinese Communists supported by heavy artillery and mortar fire plus three
armored vehicles attacked a US lst Marine Division outpost. The marines withdrew
initially but later recaptured the outpost. Further to the east, elements of the
U 3rd Division attacked an undetermined number of Chinese Communists on a hill
near Kowang. The enemy counterattacked and forced the UN troops to withdraw.
This fighting continued on 21 September with the UN forces withdrawing after heavy
fighting. In the east central sector on 20 September, the fight for "Old Baldy"
ceased with both the UN and the Communists holding their positions. Both forces
tried to gain additional ground but the action end&3d in a stalemate after nine
and a half hours; no further action ensued on 21 September.
On 21 September in the central sector, UN troops repulsed a Communist
assault against "Finger Ridge" in a two-hour fight. Elsewhere along the front,
minor probes and patrol clashes took place.
Navy
UN carrier-based planes flew 391 sorties on 20 September against enemy
transportation and supply installations. On 21 September 317 naval combat air
sorties were flown against electric power, troop and supply targets by Task Force
77. Air targets for Korean west coast operations were not reported.
Blockade ships attacked shore batteries on 20 September in the vicinity
of Songjin, Tanchon and Chaho on the east coast. The USS Cunningham received
three hits from enemy air bursts, wounding eight personnel. West coast targets
of naval surface vessels on 20 September were between Chinnampo and the Han River
estuary. Incomplete reports for naval surface attacks on 21 September included
attacks in the vicinity of Wonsan and Tanchon against enemy transportation
facilities.
25X1
Land-based aircraft flew 835 effective sorties on 20 September and 828 on
21 September. The combat missions for the two days totaled 531 and 1+81 respective-
ly. On 20 September, 20 enemy MIG's were observed and 4 encountered in the Yalu
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1 -1
following day 133 MIG's and one Type-15 were observed, also in "MIG Alley." The
UN pilots encountered 80 of the MIG's and the Type-15, destroying five of the
MIG's. An additional 13 MIG's were damaged while only one UN Sabre jet was
damaged. On Saturday only five medium bomber sorties were flown and.these en-
gaged in photo reconnaissance, leaflet drop and close support missions. On
21 September Far East Bomber Command mounted 18 sorties, with 12 of the aircraft
attacking a supply installation in Pyongyang.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 48 hours.
III, General Situation
Political
Reuters, under a 21 September dateline, reports that South Korean police
fear the recent outbreaks of rioting by wounded former servicemen may be Commu-
nist influenced. The latest disturbance was at a railway station north of Pusan
on 20 September when 350 veterans attempted to take a train to Taegu.
Defense chiefs and ministers met to discuss the riots. Pusan correspondents
claim that public opinion is urging the government to reshape its veterans relief
program. (South Korea's negligible social service program for its wounded and dis-
abled servicemen reflects its bare-subsistence-level financial structure. Any
veterans' demonstrations would reflect genuine misery whether Communist inspired
or not.)
The ROK Foreign Ministry has announced that the Japanese Government's dis-
patch of a marine patrol to Korean waters "under the pretext of protecting.
Japanese fishing boats" constitutes a threat to Korea and causes doubt of Japanese
sincerity. He warned that the ROK will hold Japan fully responsible for all
consequences of the invasion." (The ROK has recently seized several Japanese
fishing vessels which were in international waters, but inside a unilaterally
established South Korean line. The establishment of the fishing patrol is likely
to cause incidents.)
Economic
A US Navy reconnaissance flight on 18 September showed that there was no
activity at any of the four plants of the North Korean Kyosen hydroelectric
system, north of the east coast city of Hungnam. ( The prewar capacity of these
four plants, which supplied both North and South H o provinces t power,
was 335,000 kilowatts. In June the USSR 25X1
had installed new equipment which a Kyosen system more effective than
it was prior to the beginning of hostilities.)
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9315, 23 September 1952
D AIL Y K 0 R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
Army
The heaviest fighting along the front on 22 September occurred in the
eastern sector where North Koreans attacked outpost positions of the ROK 8th
Division at Hill 812. The enemy company withdrew after a seven hour fight.
Later in the day, the North Koreans, reinforced to battalion strength, again
attacked and temporarily secured the objective. ROK companies counterattacked
and ejected the enemy early in the evening. A total of 7,900 rounds of ar-
tillery and mortar fire fell during these encounters. Elsewhere along the
front the action was characterized by patrol and probing action.
am
UN naval aircraft flew 80 sorties on 22 September with the total tally in-
complete. Air targets, primarily transportation facilities, on the Korean west
coast were in the vicinity of Hanchon and Haeju. No report was received regard-
ing east coast air activity of Task Force 77. Surface vessels bombarded enemy
troop and supply installations between Chongjin and Wonsan on the Korean east
coast and in the vicinity of Cho Island on the west coast.
On 22 September, land based aircraft flew 825 effective sorties of which
486 were combat. In a daylight raid 208 fighter-bombers attacked supply and
troop installations near the enemy front line in the east and east central zones,
During the report period, UN fighter pilots observed 19 MIG's and encountered 9
in the Chongchon Yalu River area. In the encounters five MIG's were damaged
with no damage to friendly aircraft. During the night, Far East Bomber Command
mounted 14 effective sorties. A supply area in Sopo, near Pyongyang, was
bombed by 10 of the aircraft.
II. Military Intelligence
On three occasions UN pilots have observed an F-84 Thunderjet which the
Communists apparently have recovered and made operational. The first two
sightings occurred on 18 and 19 September near the front line in the US I Corps
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sector. The third observation took place on 20 September in "MIG Alley." In
two of the three observations, the UN pilots stated the plane had the standard
US Air Force star insignia on the fuselage and wings. The Directorate of
Intelligence, Far East Air Force, comments that a sufficient number of F-84's
have been lost in enemy territory to enable the Communists to recover and make
operational this type of aircraft. (This is the first report of the energy using
an F-84. There have been a number of previous occasions when hostile F-80's
were reported.)
III. General Situation
Political
The South Korean Office of Public Information announced on 19 September
that a delegation representing pro-ghee Koreans in Japan had arrived in Pusan to
discuss several "problems" with the ROK Government. The delegation submitted a
petition which, inter alia, sought permission for the representatives of these
Koreans to attend the now suspended Korean-Japanese talks, the granting of loans
by the Bank of Korea to Koreans in Japan, and the improvement of relations
between the Korean diplomatic mission in Japan and the residents there. (This
right-wing group controls less than 30 percent of the 800,000 Koreans in Japan,
who are predominantly North Korean sympathizers.)
Propaganda
A 21 September Peiping broadcast stated that the "International Scientific
Committee" presented "incontrovertible evidence" that the UN has engaged in bac-
teriological warfare in Korea. The harangue said the US "had the nerve" to
repeat its call for an impartial investigation even after the findings of this
unbiased group. (Newsmen, including leftists, indicated that a recent Committee
press conference, held in Stockholm to present proof of the BW allegations, was a
complete flop.
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9316, 24 September 1952
Military Operations
AM
On 23 September heavy fighting occurred in both the eastern and western
sectors. On the east coast, two North Korean battalions attacked elements of the
5th ROK Division on two different hills in the area. The enemy employed 2,500
rounds of artillery and mortar fire and 200 to 300 rounds of counterbattery fire
in support of the attack. The Connuunists occupied the south side of one hill
but ROK troops were in complete possession of the other objective when the
fighting ceased. In the 3rd OS Division sector, Chinese Communists again tried
to obtain an outpost position with sporadic attacks accompanied by local propa-
ganda broadcasts. The action continued at the end of the report period with
the Chinese Communists still attempting to capture the outpost. Elsewhere along
the front minor probes and patrol actions ensued.
AM
UN carrier-based planes on the Korean west coast flew 89 sorties on
23 September with the total tally of flights incomplete as reports from Task
Force 77 on the east coast have not been received. A delayed tally on east coast
naval air operations for 22 September included 285 sorties against enemy trans-
portation installations., two foundries and one transformer station located be-
tween Hoeryong and Wonsan. Surface vessels on the 23rd maintained the blockade.
Air
On 23 September land based aircraft under Far East Air Force control flew
615 effective sorties of which 283 were combat. There were no enemy planes ob?
served,or encountered during the period. During the night 15 bomber missions
were flown, of which 11 attacked a supply area near Hungnam.
II. Military Intelligence
Arm
Vehicle traffic analysis for the week ending 18 September showed increased
activity on all main North Korean.supply routes with that on the eastern Pyongyang-.
Haeju-Kaesong routes comprising., as in'the previous week., approximately one-third
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of the observed traffic. On the west coast, sightings increased threefold with
most activity centering around Wonsan. Rolling stock sightings totaled 4,074,
continuing the gradual decline noted since mid-June when 7,096 rail cars were
sighted. This decrease is attributed, in part, to the UN's effective use of
butterfly bombs during the past several months. (This over-all increased
activity can be. explained as enemy efforts to re-supply forward areas now that
the rainy season is practically over.) The tremendous expenditure of artillery
and mortar ammunition during the past few weeks probably has required large-
scale replenishment.
III. General Situation
Political
Tokyo Central News, under a 24 September Seoul dateline, reports that
some 6,000 residents of the South Korean capital demonstrated against the
Japanese for alleged violation of the "MacArthur Line" defining the fishing
areas off the Korean coast. This is reported as the first anti-Japanese demon-
stration of its kind since 1945. Similar mass meetings were also scheduled for
the 24th in Pusan and Taegu. Mast January Rhee unilaterally proclaimed a line,
similar to the former "MacArthur Line" and far outside of Korean territorial
waters, which established a boundary for Japanese fishing operations. A recent
Japanese decision to operate an unarmed fishing patrol on the Korean side of the
"ghee Line" has irritated the South Korean Government and is the cause of these
organized demonstrations.)
Tokyo Central News reports from Pusan that a news dispatch alleging a
secret co erence in that city between Premier Chang Tails-sang and the former
Japanese mayor of Seoul has developed into a major political scandal with wide
repercussions. (This is the first report of the alleged meeting.)
Premier Chang commented on 23 September over Radio Pusan, relative to the
recent demonstrations by wounded servicemen, that the Ministries of National
Defense, Social Affairs, Health and other authorities are drawing up concrete
measures for wounded servicemen,
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9317, 25 September 1952
D A I L Y K O R E A N B U L L E T I N
I. Military Operations
AM
Heavy fighting continued in the west central sector where Chinese Commu-
nists attacked elements of the US 3rd Division at "Kelly Hill." The enemy,
supported by heavy artillery and mortar fire, forced the UN troops to withdraw
after a six-hour engagement. Fighting slacked off in the western and eastern
sectors of the front with only minor probes and patrol actions reported.
Navy
Planes from UN carriers flew 148 combat sorties on 24 September against
enemy troop and supply installations located between Yangdok and Pukchon on the
Korean east coast and in the vicinity of Changsan-Got, Cho Island and Sariwon
on the west coast. Surface vessels maintained the blockade and bombarded two
gun positions in the Changsan-Got area.
Air
UN land based aircraft flew 404 effective sorties on 24 September including
154 combat. The majority of these fighter and fighter-bomber sorties attacked
supply and troop installations along the front and in the immediate rear. No
enemy aircraft were observed or encountered during the report period. A total of
17 bomber missions was flown on the night of 24 to 25 September, 12 of the air-
craft attacking a marshaling yard at Sinmak in central Korea,.
II. Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 24 hours.
III. General Situation
Propaganda
Radio Pyongyang on 22 September gave its version of the recent outbreaks
of wounded former ROK soldiers in South Korea on 20 and 21 September. The
Communists were quick to capitalize on these disturbances which they termed
"rebellions," inspired by the "plundering of the American aggressors . . . and
. . . the pressure of military defeat."
THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
TO THE D01f'!SSIF1CATION OF
THIS DOCUMENT.
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Radio Peiping on 24 September again repeated its charges about the UN's
"provocative action" in releasing 11,000 "civilians." Repeating Nam I1?s
letter to General Harrison, the broadcast included the warning that the-UN
should end this "unlawful action" or bear "the responsibility for all the serious
consequences that may arise." (The ominous note on which Nam Ills text ended is
nearly identical to previous warnings delivered during the course of the
negotiations.)
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Central'Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
933.8., 26 September 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
I. Military Operations
Ar
Action along the front on 25 September was light, with only scattered
patrol engagements and probes reported. Only 1,652 rounds of artillery and
mortar fire were expended by the enemy in the comparatively quiet 24 hours.
The most significant action took place in the eastern sector where UN troops
repulsed five separate North Korean probes.
Navy
Only 41 naval air sorties were flown as inclement weather hampered
Operations. There were no flights on the east coast while on the west coast
the area from Chinnampo to Ongjin was bombed. UN surface units blasted shore
installations at Songjin, Tanchon and Wonsan in the east and targets in western
Rvanghae Province in the west.
Adverse weather also limited land-based air operations as only 240
effective sorties were flown on 25 September. No enemy aircraft were observed
or encountered during'the 52 combat sorties. Far East Bomber Command flew
13 effective sorties, 9 of the aircraft attacking a supply area near Pyongyang.
II1, Military Intelligence
Nb significant e~nOrt~hpy,ha ;b Bni:i+ec~i d $ !1 st 24 hours.
III. General Situation.
Fblitical
In a statement issued before leaving for the United States, S.M. Vinoc ur,
one of President Rhee'a unofficial American advisers, claimed that the UN aho
adopt a more decisive policy in Korea. Vinocour stated that the "shining record
of the UNfighting forces may be corroded away, by the slow acid of indecision"
and that the Panmunjom negotiations are a,"nightmarish treadmill." (Rhee has
SEMM THE C.I.A. HAS NO OBJECTION
0 THE DECLASSIFICATION OF
HIS DOCUMENT.
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consistently surrounded himself with American advisers who aid and abet his
chauvinistic policy. Statements issued by these advisers are usually as
opinionated and biased as those of Rhee. Vinocour has been assigned to repre-
sent ROK interests at the UN General Assembly.)
The American Embassy has noted that the Koreans' ever-present fear ofa
remilitarized Japan was increased this past week by a statement credited to
Ambassador Murphy in Tokyo that if Japan wished to rearm, the US would help..
In addition some Japanese candidates have been advocating rearmament. Several
Korean editorials have warned America to "remember Pearl Harbor."
Charge Lightner reports that the possibility of a dispute between Japan
and Korea has been greatly reduced following CI UNG'a 23 September action
establishing a military restricted zone off the Korean coast. Japanese fishing
vessels will be barred from this zone, which does not, however, extend as far
from shore as the "ghee line.w
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9319, 27 September 1952
I. Military Operations
Army
Scattered patrol engagements and probes were the only action reported
across the front on 26 September. The US 45th Division relieved the ROK 8th
Division on the line in the eastern sector and was subjected to a total of 14
brief, unsuccessful enemy probes. The Chinese Communists and North Koreans
employed 4,756 rounds of artillery and mortar during the 24-hour period.
Navy
No report was received regarding naval air operations for 26 September.
Inclement weather conditions of the previous day had cleared. Blockade ships
destroyed 30 sampans and one factory, and shelled troop and supply areas in the
vicinity of Odaejin, Sonjin, Tanchon, Sinchang and Mayangdo on the Korean east
coast and in the Chodo area in the west.
Far East Air Force mounted 911 effective sorties of which 533 were combat.
These fighter and fighter-bomber pilots observed a total of 134 enemy MIG-15's,
and encountered 41. The UN aircraft destroyed 4 MIG's, and damaged 7. One UN
Sabre received minor damage during the encounters. Far East Bomber Command
flew 14 effective sorties during the night, 10 of the bombers attacking a
supply area in the town of Pachunjang, just south of Hungnam.
II. Military Intelligence
The Chinese Communist Forces in Korea are at present capable of replacing 25X1
front-line casualties within seven days, according to Far East Command. Be-
cause of this, each Chinese army on the front is now assessed at a strength of
34,000 men, while those currently out of contact are carried at a strength of
36,000 each. T'i C- ? _ P~, ; '3 C3JFCTIO11
TO T-::; ZSIFIC4TTON Or
THIS DOCUMENT.
f
110._
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9320, 29 September 1952
I. Military Operations
Arms,
On Saturday, 27 September, heavy fighting occurred in the west central
sector where two Chinese Communist: platoons attacked elements of the US 2nd
Division. The Communists withdrew after two assaults in which they suffered
heavy casualties. In the eastern sector, North Koreans continued to probe out-
posts of the U5 45th Division.
On 28 September, a Greek platoon attached to the US3rd Division seized
a Chinese Communist outpost position in the western sector, but after four
successive enemy counterattacks, they were forced to withdraw. Further to the
east, the Chinese attempted to secure positions on Capital Hill from ROK troops.
The enemy was supported by an undetermined number of tanks in this engagement
which later developed into a hand-grenade fight. The enemy was dispersed but
continued to remain in the area.
Navy
Carrier-based aircraft flew 182 sorties on 27 September with the total
tally incomplete. The area from Tanchon to Wonsan was attacked on the east
coast while no report was received concerning air operations on the west coast.
Surface units maintained the blockade and bombarded shore installations along
both the east and west coasts. Transmission of Navy results for 28 September
have been delayed.
Air
Land-based aircraft flew 989 effective sorties on 27 September of which
607 were combat. During these operations, 24 enemy MIG's were observed and
5 encountered. Two MlG's were damaged while UN planes went unscathed. During
the evening UN pilots observed 37 swept-wing aircraft on Tatungkou and Antung
airfields. On the night of 27-28 September, 15 effective bomber missions were
flown. Transmission of Air results for 28 September have been delayed.
II* Military Intelligence
No significant reports have been received during the past 48 hours. 25X1
THE C. i , HA NO ORJECTTON
THIS D!`;
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III. General Situation
Cease-fire
in late Aug was eons der in a the North Korean Government
truce in which the UN and Communistoceasefire delegations would hold co ences
to "study the PCW issue and submit new recommendations." the
North Koreans feel that if such action were'taken, the UNVould make some minor
changes in the prisoner issue enabling the Communists to conclude a "face-saving"
Peace- (There is no firm evidence of the North Korea Government's attitude
toward the truce; in any event, its role in determining Communist policy probably
is a minor one).
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Central Intelligence Agency
Office of Current Intelligence
9321, 30 September 1952
DAILY KOREAN BULLETIN
Military Operations
Army
On 29 September heavy fighting occurred on the central front in the ROK II
Corps area where Chinese Communists with supporting tank fire attacked outposts
of the 6th ROK Division. Early on 30.September the engagement developed into
hand-to-hand fighting. Further to the east, two enemy platoons attacked Finget
Ridge. ROK Capital Division troops counterattacked and forced the Chinese to
withdraw. In the same sector, the Chinese Communist/ withdrew completely from
the Capital Hill area by early morning. The 3rd ROK Division was also subjected
to enemy attacks and was initially forced from outpost positions. The battle
continued at the close of the report period although the ROK troops had re-
occupied their positions. A total of 30,260 rounds of artillery and mortar fire
was expended by the enemy in the 3rd ROK Division sector.
av
UN carrier-based planes of Task Force 77 on the Korean east coast flew 188
sorties on 29 September against enemy supply and transportation facilities. Re-
ports of air activities on the Korean west coast were delayed. Surface vessels
bombarded enemy troop areas and gun positions at Wonsan in the east and at
Haeju in the west.
On 29 September 1,007 effective sorties were flown by land-based UN air-
craft of which 624 were combat. During these sorties 102 enemy MIG's were
observed and 46 were encountered in the Yalu River area. UN F-86's'destroyed
two NIG's, and probably damaged three. One UN Sabre received minor damage in
the encounters. Only two medium bomber sorties were flown, engaging in
leaflet and reconnaissance missions.
Military Intelligence
iesRear Areas
Despite concentrated air attacks, enemy transportation facilities in Korea
are now at a high level of efficiency, according.to a Far East Air Force analy-
sis. The major improvement in transportation has been in the shorter "turn-
around time." The enemy is now considered capable of stockpiling materiel
adjacent to the front, quickly replacing depleted supplies, and maintaining
e
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