MINUTES OF 6 DECEMBER 1977 MEETING

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP91M00696R000300020007-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 35
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 4, 2004
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: December 6, 1977
• Content Type: MF

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DCI/IC 77-6395
MEMORANDUM FOR: Members, Intelligence Definitions
Working Group
ice o o icy and Planning
Intelligence Community Staff
SUBJECT: Minutes of 6 December 1977 Meeting
1. A summary of the 6 December 1977 meeting of the
Intelligence Definitions Working Group is attached for
your information. Also attached is a complete list of
definitions approved by the Group to date. The most re-
cent additions are asterisked.
2. The next meeting of the Working Group will be-
gin at 1330, Tuesday, 13 December 1977, CHB Room 5509.
STAT
Attachments
As stated
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ATTENDEES
DEFINITIONS WORKING GROUP
6 December 1977
STAT
Acting Chairman
Capt. L.D. Dahl
Mr. R.P. Watson
Maj. Jack Wolfe
Mr. Hugh Smith
ORGANIZATION
NFAC
CIA
STATE/INR/DDC
FBI
DIA
NSA (I HC )
NSA
ARMY (OAC S I )
Navy
NSA (Observer)
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MINUTES
INTELLIGENCE DEFINITIONS WORKING GROUP
6 December 1977
PROCEDURAL ITEMS
1. New Working Group members include Mr. Hugh Smith,
Navy, and DIA, the latter replacing
2. The Working Group agreed to meet on 13 December,
20 December, and 10 January, which allows for a holiday
recess.
3. Final candidate definitions were received from
NSA, DIA, and NIO and were distributed to attendees. These
are attached to these Minutes and will be mailed to those
unable to attend.
4. The Acting Chairman was asked to separate aster-
isks from new or altered definitions on future lists of
agreed definitions.
1. The Group reviewed the list of agreed terms and
further agreed on a wide variety of changes. These changes
were made largely for consistency of form, to correct
typographical errors, or to add clarity or continuity to the
existing list. The Acronym/Abbreviation list was also re-
viewed and several corrections made. It was decided that
acronyms or abbreviations of component organizations of the
Community and of DCI Committees would be included on this
list.
2. The Group reviewed the "OPP Proposed Definitions"
down through National Foreign Intelligence Program, whence
it will continue at the next meeting. Those terms not
adopted as written or modified include:
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? Acoustical Intelligence--sent to NSA for technical
clarification and compatibility with ACINT.
? Advisory Tasking--sent back to ICS/OPP for develop-
ment with DCI collection committees.
? DCID 1/2 Attachment--sent back to ICS/OPP for ex-
pansion.
? Medical Intelligence_--sent to DIA for validation
and clarification if necessary.
3. I uis continuing development of taxonomic
graphics, All Group members were reminded to contribute
to the compilation of an index of existing intelligence
glossaries.
4. The next meeting of the Working Group will begin
at 1330 on Tuesday, 13 December 1977, Room 5S09 CHB.
Executive Secretary
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DEFINITIONS WORKING GROUP
APPROVED DEFINITIONS AS OF 6 DECEMBER 1977
ACTIONABLE INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence information that is
directly useful to consumers without having to go through
the full intelligence production process. It may address
strategic or tactical needs, or close-support of US nego-
tiating teams or action elements dealing with such matters
as international terrorism or narcotics.
AGENT: A person other than an officer, employee or co-opted
worker of an intelligence service who under the direction of
that service engages in clandestine intelligence activity.
AGENT OF INFLUENCE: A person who is manipulated by an
intelligence service to use his position to influence public
opinion or decisionmaking in a manner which will advance the
objective of the country for which that service operates.
ALERT MEMORANDUM: A document issued by the DCI to NSC-level
policymakers to warn them of possible developments abroad,
often of a crisis nature, of major concern to the US. Alert
Memoranda are coordinated within the Intelligence Community
to the extent time permits.
ANALYSIS: A process in the intelligence cycle in which
information is subjected to review in order to identify
significant facts and derive conclusions therefrom.
ASSESS: To appraise the worth of an intelligence activity,
information, or product in terms of its contribution to a
specific goal, or the credibility, reliability, pertinency,
accuracy, usefulness of information in terms of an intelli-
gence need. When used in contrast with "evaluate," assess
implies a weighing against resource allocation, expenditure,
or risk (See Evaluate).
BASIC INTELLIGENCE: Comprises general reference material of
a factual nature which results from a collection of encyclo-
pedic information relating to the political, economic and
military structure, resources, capabilities and vulnerabilities
of foreign nations.
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BIOGRAPHIC(AL) INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence on the
views, traits, habits, skills, importance, relationships and
.curriculum vitae of those foreign personalities of actual or
potential interest to the United States Government.
CARTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence primarily mani-
fested in maps and charts of areas outside the United States
and its territorial waters.
CIPHER: A cryptosystem in which the cryptographic treatment
i.e., the method of transforming plain-text by predetermined
rules to obscure or conceal its meaning) is applied to
plain-text elements (such as letters, digits, polygraphs or
bits) which either have no intrinsic meaning or are treated
without regard to their meaning (e.g., if the element is a
natural-language word).
CLANDESTINE: Secret or hidden; conducted with secrecy by
design.
CLANDESTINE ACTIVITY: Secret or hidden activity conducted
with secrecy by design. (The phrase "clandestine operation"
is preferred. Operations are pre-planned activities).
CLANDESTINE COLLECTION: The acquisition of intelligence in-
formation in ways designed to assure the secrecy of the
operation.
CLANDESTINE OPERATION: An intelligence information collection
activity or covert political, economic, propaganda and
paramilitary activity conducted so as to assure the secrecy
of the operation. Encompasses both clandestine collection
and covert action.
CLANDESTINE SERVICES: That portion of the CIA that engages
in clandestine activity; sometimes used as synonymous with
the CIA Operations Directorate.
CODE: A cryptosystem in which the cryptographic equivalents
usually called "code groups"), typically consisting of
letters or digits (or both) in otherwise meaningless combi-
nations, are substituted for plain text elements such as words,
phrases, or sentences.
COLLECTION:. See Intelligence Cycle.
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COLLECTION REQUIREMENT: An expression of intelligence
information needs which has been sanctioned by the resource
manager and carries at least an implicit authorization to
the field collector to commit resources in acquiring the
needed information. (Also see Intelligence Requirement).
COMBAT INTELLIGENCE: That knowledge of the enemy, weather,
and geographical features required by a commander in the
planning and conduct of combat operations.
COMMUNICATIONS INTELLIGENCE (COMINT): Technical and intel-
ligence information derived from intercept of foreign com-
munications by other than the intended recipients. COMINT
does not include the monitoring of foreign public media nor
the intercept of oral or written communication obtained
during the course of foreign counterintelligence investi-
gations within the United States.
COMMUNICATIONS SECURITY (COMSEC): The protection resulting
from the application o any measures taken to deny unautho-
rized persons information of value which might be derived
from telecommunications or to ensure the authenticity of
such telecommunications.
CONSOLIDATED INTELLIGENCE RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM
(CIRIS): The automated management information system used
to identify and display the expected distribution of all
intelligence resources within the National Foreign Intel-
ligence Program.
CO-OPTED WORKER: A national of a country but not an officer
or employee of the country's intelligence service who assists
that service on a temporary or regular basis. (In most
circumstances a co-opted worker is an official of the country
but can also be a tourist, student, etc.)
COORDINATION: The process of seeking concurrence from one
or more groups, organizations, and agencies regarding a
proposal or an activity for which they share some responsi-
bility, and which may result in contributions, concurrences
or dissents. In the production of intelligence, the process
by which producers gain the views or other producers on the
adequacy of a specific draft assessment, estimate, or report.
Coordination is intended to increase a product's factual
accuracy, clarify its judgments, resolve disagreement on
issues that permit, and sharpen statements of disagreement
on major unresolved issues.
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COVER: Protective guise used by a person, organization, or
installation to prevent identification with clandestine ac-
tivities.
COVERT: See Clandestine. Covert Action has special meaning.
See below.
k COVERT ACTION: A clandestine operation designed to influence
foreign governments, events, organizations, or persons in
support of United States foreign policy. Covert action may
include political and economic action, propaganda, and para-
military activities.
COVERT OPERATION: See "clandestine operation" (preferred
term). A covert operation encompasses covert action and
clandestine collection.
CRYPTOLOGIC ACTIVITIES: The activities and operations
involved in the production of signals intelligence and the
maintenance of communications security.
CRYPTOLOGY: The branch of knowledge which treats the
principles of cryptography and cryptanalytics and is used to
produce signals intelligence and maintain communications
security..
CRYPTOSECURITY: The component of communications security
that results from the provision of technically sound crypto-
systems and for their proper use.
CRYPTOGRAPHIC SYSTEM: All associated items of cryptomaterial
(e.g., equipments and their removable components which
perform cryptographic functions, operating instructions,
maintenance manuals) that are used as a unit to provide a
single means of encryption and decryption of plain test, so
that its meaning may be concealed. (In addition, code,
cipher, and cryptographic systems include any mechanical or
electrical device or method used for the purpose of disguising,
authenticating, or concealing the contents, significance, or
meanings of communications.)
CRYPTOSYSTEM: See Cryptographic System.
CURRENT INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence of all types and forms
of immediate interest to the users of intelligence; it is
usually disseminated without the delays incident to complete
evaluation or interpretation.
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DECEPTION: Those measures designed to mislead a foreign
power, organization or person by manipulation, distortion,
or falsification of evidence to induce him to react in a
manner prejudicial to his interests.
DECONTROL: The removal of compartmented material from
special security controls stipulated by the compartment.
The decontrolled material is unchanged and remains in its
original form except that the control and accountability
markings for the specific compartment are removed.
DEFECTOR: A national of a designated country who has escaped
from the control of such country, or who, being outside such
jurisdiction and control, is unwilling to return thereto and
is of special value to another government because he is able
to add valuable new or confirmatory information to existing
knowledge about his country.
DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY: Refers to Defense Intelligence
Agency (DIA), National Security Agency (NSA) and the Military
Services Intelligence offices including Department of Defense
(DoD) collectors of specialized intelligence through recon-
naissance programs.
DEPARTMENT(AL) INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence produced
and used within a governmental department or agency in order
to meet unique requirements of the department or agency
mission.
DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE (DCI): The President's
principal foreign intelligence adviser appointed by him with
the consent of the Senate to be the head of the Intelligence
Community and Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
and to discharge those authorities and responsibilities as
they are prescribed by law and by Presidential and National
Security Council directives.
DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE: A committee
established by the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) to
advise him and to perform whatever functions he shall deter-
mine. DCI Committees usually deal with Intelligence Community
concerns, and their terms of reference ordinarily are specified
in DCI Directives (See DCID).
DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE DIRECTIVE (DCID): A directive
issued by the D CI which outlines general policies and pro-
cedures to be followed by intelligence agencies and organiza-
tions which are under his direction or overview.
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DISAFFECTED PERSON: A person who is a potential defector
and who either through inducement or voluntary action has
indicated the willingness or desire to defect.
DISSEMINATION: See Intelligence Cycle.
DOMESTIC COLLECTION: The acquisition of foreign intelligence
information within the United States from governmental or
nongovernmental organizations or individuals who are witting
sources and choose to cooperate by sharing such information.
DOMESTIC SECURITY MEASURE: An internal activity undertaken
by the United States Government to protect the nation from
acts of force or violence (not conducted pursuant to the
direction of a foreign entity) in violation of Federal law
and intended to overthrow or substantially impair the func-
tioning of the United States Government or the government of
a state; to substantially interfere with the legal activities
of a foreign government in the United States; or to deprive
persons of their civil rights.
DOUBLE AGENT: An agent who is cooperating with an intelligence
service of one government on behalf of and under the control
of an intelligence or security service of another government,
and is manipulated by one to the detriment of the other.
ELECTRO-OPTICAL INTELLIGENCE (ELECTRO-OPTINT): See Optical
Intelligence.
ELECTRONICS INTELLIGENCE (ELINT): Technical and intelli-
gence information derived from foreign noncommunications
electromagnetic radiations emanating from other than atomic
detonation or radioactive sources.
EMIGRE: A person who departs from his country for any law-
uul reason with the intention of resettling elsewhere.
EMISSION SECURITY: The component of communications security
which results from all measures taken to deny to unauthorized
persons information of value which might be derived from
interception and analysis of compromising emanations from
crypto-equipment and telecommunications systems.
END PRODUCT: Finished intelligence (See Product).
ENERGY INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence relating to the
technical, economic and political capabilities and programs
of foreign countries to engage in development, utilization
and commerce of basic and advanced energy technologies.
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Energy intelligence includes the location and extent of
foreign energy resources and their allocation; foreign
government energy policies, plans and programs; new and im-
proved foreign energy technologies; and economic and security
aspects of foreign energy supply, demand, production dis-
tribution, and utilization.
ESPIONAGE: Intelligence activity directed toward the
acquisition of information through clandestine means.
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION (EEI): Those items of
information regarding a foreign power, forces or targets and
their environment essential for timely decisions.
ESTIMATIVE INTELLIGENCE: A category of intelligence pro-
duction which attempts to project future foreign develop-
ments and their implications for US interests, whether of a
national or departmental character. Estimative Intelligence
may or may not be coordinated.
EVALUATE: To appraise the worth of an intelligence activity,
information, or product in terms of its contribution to a
specific goal, or the credibility, reliability, pertinency,
accuracy, usefulness of information in terms of an intelli-
gence need. Evaluation may be used without reference to
cost or risk, particularly when used in contrast with "assess."
(See Assess).
EVASION AND ESCAPE (EEE): The procedures and operations
whereby military personnel and other selected individuals
are enabled to emerge from enemy-held or hostile areas under
friendly control.
EVASION AND ESCAPE INTELLIGENCE: Processed information pre-
pared to assist personnel to evade capture if lost in enemy-
dominated territory or to escape if captured.
FOREIGN COUNTERINTELLIGENCE (FCI): Intelligence activity,
with its resultant product, devoted to countering the
effectiveness of foreign intelligence activities and under-
taken to protect the security of the United States, its per-
sonnel, information and installations against espionage,
sabotage, and terrorism. Foreign counterintelligence does
not include personnel, physical, document, or communications
security programs.
FOREIGN INSTRUMENTATION SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE (FISINT):
Information derived from the collection and processing of
foreign telemetry, beaconry, and associated signals.
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FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE (FI): The product of collection,
processing, and analysis of foreign intelligence information
relating to the national security, to the foreign relations
or economic interests of the United States by a government
agency that is assigned an intelligence mission.
FOREIGN MATERIEL (FORMAT) INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence derived
from the exploitation-of foreign materiel.
FOREIGN OFFICIAL: A foreign national acting in an official
capacity on e alf of a foreign power, attached to a foreign
diplomatic establishment or an establishment under the
control of a foreign power, or employed by a public inter-
national organization.
FUSION: In the military operational context, the blending
of intelligence with operational information; or, in the
tactical intelligence context, the blending of information
from multiple sources to produce a single intelligence
product.
FUSION CENTER: A term referring to an organizational ac-
tivity, associated with the Department of Defense and under
the control and supervision of a field commander, having the
responsibility of blending both compartmented intelligence
with all other available intelligence in order to support
military operations. (See Actionable Intelligence and
Tactical Intelligence.)
GEOGRAPHIC(AL) INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence dealing
with the location, description, and analysis of physical and
cultural factors of the world, (e.g., terrain, climate,
natural resources, transportation, boundaries, population
distribution) and their changes through time.
ILLEGAL: An officer or employee of an intelligence service
dispatched abroad who has no overt connection with the
intelligence service with which he is connected or with the
government operating that intelligence service.
* ILLEGAL AGENT: An agent operated by an illegal residency or
directly from the headquarters of an intelligence service.
ILLEGAL RESIDENCY: An intelligence establishment in a
foreign country composed of one or more intelligence officers
and possibly one or more employees which has no overt con-
nection with the intelligence service involved or with the
government of the country operating the intelligence service.
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IMAGERY: Representations of objects reproduced electroni-
cally or by optical means on film, electronic disply devices,
or other media.
IMAGERY INTELLIGENCE: The collected products of imagery
interpretation processed for intelligence use.
IMAGERY INTERPRETATION: The process of location, recognition,
identification, an escription of objects, activities, and
terrain represented by imagery.
INFORMATION(AL) NEED: The requirement of an official in-
volved in the po icymaking process or the intelligence
production process of the US Government for the best avail-
able information and intelligence on which to base policy
decisions, recommendations, or intelligence production.
INFRARED INTELLIGENCE: See Optical Intelligence.
INTEGRATION: A process in the intelligence cycle in which a
pattern is formed through the selection and combination of
evaluated information.
INTELLIGENCE: A generic term which includes foreign intel-
ligence and foreign counterintelligence.
INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES: A generic term used to describe
the efforts and endeavors undertaken by intelligence organi-
zations.
INTELLIGENCE-RELATED ACTIVITIES (IRA): Those activities
specifically excluded from the National Foreign Intelligence
Program which respond to departmental or agency tasking for
time-sensitive information on foreign activities; respond to
national Intelligence Community advisory tasking of collection
capabilities which have a primary mission to support depart-
mental or agency missions or operational forces; train
personnel for intelligence duties; or are devoted to research
and development of intelligence or related capabilities.
INTELLIGENCE ASSESSMENT: A category of intelligence production
t at encompasses most analytical studies dealing with subjects
of some policy significance. Assessments are thorough in
their treatment of subject matter, as distinct from building-
block papers, research projects, and reference aids; but
assessments unlike estimates may not attempt to project
future developments and their implications. Assessments may
or may not be coordinated.
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INTELLIGENCE ASSET:, Any resource--person, group, instrument,
installation, or technical system--at the disposal of an
intelligence organization.
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY: A term which, in the aggregate, refers
to those Executive Branch organizations and activities composed
of: the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); the National
Security Agency (NSA); the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA);
offices within the Department of Defense for the collection
of specialized national foreign intelligence through recon-
naissance programs; the Bureau of Intelligence and Research
(INR) of the Department of State; intelligence elements of
the military services; intelligence elements of the Federal
Bureau of Investigation (FBI); intelligence elements of the
Department of Treasury; intelligence elements of the Department
of Energy; intelligence elements of the Drug Enforcement Ad-
ministration; and staff elements of the Office of the Director
of Central Intelligence.
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY STAFF (IC STAFF): A term referring to
an organization under the direction and control of the Director
of Central Intelligence (DCI) formed to assist the DCI in dis-
charging his responsibilities relating to the Intelligence
Community.
INTELLIGENCE CYCLE: The processes by which information is
converted into intelligence and made available to users.
There are usually five steps in the cycle:
a. PLANNING AND DIRECTION--determination of intelli-
gence requirements, preparation of a collection plan,
issuance of orders and requests to information collec-
tion agencies, and a continuous check on the productivity
of collection agencies.
b. COLLECTION--acquisition of information and the
provision of this information to processing and/or pro-
duction elements.
c. PROCESSING--conversion of collected information
into a form suitable to the production of intelligence.
d. PRODUCTION--conversion of information into in-
telligence through the integration, analysis, evaluation
and interpretation of all source data and the prepara-
tion of intelligence products in support of known or
anticipated user requirements.
e. DISSEMINATION--conveyance of intelligence to
users in a suitable form.
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INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE: The product of Estimative Intelli-
gence.
INTELLIGENCE INFORMATION: Information of potential intelli-
gence value concerning the capabilities, intentions and
activities of any foreign power or organization or any
associated non-United States person.
INTELLIGENCE INFORMATION REPORT: A report which disseminates
foreign intelligence information.
INTELLIGENCE REPORT: A product of the analysis of foreign
intelligence information.
INTELLIGENCE REQUIREMENT: Any subject, general or
specific,
upon which there is a need for the
collection of information,
or the production of intelligence.
(Also see Collection
Requirement)
INTERAGENCY INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM
(IIM):
A national
intelligence assessment or estimate
issued
by the DCI with
the advice of appropriate National
Foreign
Intelligence
Board agencies.
INTERDEPARTMENT(AL) INTELLIGENCE:
Integrated department(al)
intelligence required by departments and agencies of the
U.S. government for the execution of their missions but
which transcends the competence or interest of a single
department or agency.
INTERNATIONAL TERRORIST ACTIVITIES: Terrorism is the cal-
culated use of violence, or the threat of violence, to
attain political goals through fear, intimidation or coer-
cion. It usually involves a criminal act, often symbolic in
nature, and is intended to influence an audience beyond the
immediate victims. International terrorism is terrorism
transcending national boundaries in the carrying out of the
act, the purpose of the act, the nationalities of the victims,
or the resolution of the incident. These acts are usually
designed to attract wide publicity in order to focus attention
on the existence, cause, or demands of the perpetrators.
JOINT INTELLIGENCE: (Military Context) Intelligence pro-
duced by elements of more than one Service of the same
nation. (Intelligence Community Context) Intelligence
produced by intelligence organizations of more than one
country.
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KEY INTELLIGENCE QUESTION (KIQ): A question., issued by the
Director of Central Intelligence and part of the Intelligence
Community Planning System, which identifies a most important
gap or weakness in the intelligence information holdings of
the Intelligence Community. A Key Intelligence Question
serves to notify the Intelligence Community of a shortcoming
which, by its selection and illumination, requires a period
of special operational attention. KIQs are usually published
annually in a DCI guidance document.
LASER INTELLIGENCE (LASINT): See Optical Intelligence.
LEGAL RESIDENCY: An intelligence establishment in a foreign
country composed of intelligence officers and employees
assigned as overt representatives of their government.
* MILITARY INTELLIGENCE '(MI): Current, basic, or estimative
intelligence on any foreign military or military-related
situation or activity.
MONITOR: To observe, listen to, intercept, record, or
transcribe any form of communication or media for intelli-
gence collection or communications security purposes, either
*
overtly or covertly.
NATIONAL ESTIMATE:
(See National Intelligence Estimate.)
NATIONAL FOREIGN ASSESSMENT CENTER (NFAC): An organization
established by, and under the control and supervision of,
the Director of Central Intelligence, which is responsible
for production of national intelligence.
*
NATIONAL FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE BOARD (NFIB): A body formed
to provide the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) with
advice concerning: production, review, and coordination of
national foreign intelligence; the National Foreign Intelli-
gence Program budger; interagency exchanges of foreign
intelligence information; arrangements with foreign govern-
ments on intelligence matters; the protection of intelligence
sources and methods; activities of common concerns; and such
other matters as are referred to it by the DCI. The NFIB is
composed of the DCI (chairman), and the appropriate officers
of the Central Intelligence Agency, Department of State,
Department of Energy, the offices within the Department of
Defense for reconnaissance programs, the Defense Intelligence
Agency, the National Security Agency, and the Federal Bureau
of Investigation. The senior intelligence officer of the
Army, Navy, and Air Force participate in NFIB matters as
observers.
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NATIONAL FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE PROGRAM (NFIP): A program
aggregating the programs of the Central Intelligence Agency;
the Consolidated Cryptologic Program, and the programs of
the offices within the Department of Defense for the col-
lection of specialized national foreign intelligence through
reconnaissance (except such elements as the DCI and the
Secretary of Defense agree should be excluded); the elements
of the General Defense Intelligence Program and other pro-
grams of agencies within the Intelligence Community designated
by the Director of Central Intelligence and the head of the
department as national foreign intelligence or national foreign
counterintelligence activities; and activities of the staff
elements of the Office of the Director of Central Intelligence.
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ASSET: An intelligence asset, the
primary purpose of which is the collection, processing or
production of national intelligence. (See National In-
telligence.)
* NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE (NIE): A thorough assess-
ment of a situation in the foreign environment which is relevant
to the formulation of foreign, economic, and national security
policy, and which projects probable future courses of action
and developments. It is structured to illuminate differences
of view within the Intelligence Community, and is issued by
the Director of Central Intelligence with the advice of the
National Foreign Intelligence Board.
* NEAR REAL-TIME: The brief interval between the collection
of information regarding an event and reception of the data
at some other location, caused by the time required for
automated processing, communications and display.
NET ASSESSMENT: A comparative review and analysis of
opposing national strengths, capabilities, vulnerabilities
and weaknesses. An intelligence net assessment involves
only foreign countries.
NONCOMMUNICATIONS EMANATIONS: That class of radiations
which are emitted intentionally or unintentionally by
electrical or electronic equipments for purposes other than
communications, e.g., by radars, navigational aids, jammers,
or remote control systems.
NUCLEAR INTELLIGENCE (NUCINT): Intelligence derived from
the collection and analysis of radiation and other effects
resulting from the detonation of nuclear devices or from
radioactive sources.
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OFFICIAL:. See Foreign Official.
OPEN SOURCE INFORMATION: A generic term describing information
of potential intelligence value derived from data available
to the general public.
OPERATIONAL CONTROL (OPCON): (Military Context) The authority
delegated to a commander to direct forces assigned so that
the commander may accomplish specific missions or tasks
which are usually limited by function, time, or location; to
deploy the forces concerned, and to retain or assign tactical
control of those forces. It does not, of itself, include
administrative or logistic control.
OPERATIONAL INTELLIGENCE (OPINTEL): Intelligence required
for planning and executing operations.
OPTICAL INTELLIGENCE (OPTINT): Intelligence derived from
data on optical applications using that portion of the
electromagnetic spectrum from ultraviolet (0.01 micrometers)
through far (long wave length) infrared (1,000 micrometers).
ORDER OF BATTLE (OB): Intelligence pertaining to identifica-
tion, strength, command structure and disposition of the
personnel, units, and equipment of any foreign military
force.
OVERT: Open; done without attempt at concealment.
OVERT COLLECTION: The acquis=ition of intelligence informa-
tion from pu lic media, observation, government-to-govern-
ment dialogue, elicitation, and from the sharing of data
openly acquired. The collection process may be classified
or unclassified. The target and host governments as well as
the sources involved normally are aware of the general
collection activity although the specific acquisition,
sites, and processes may be successfully concealed.
PERSONNEL SECURITY: The means or procedures, such as
selective investigations, record checks, personal inter-
views, supervisory controls, designed to provide reasonable
assurance that persons being considered for, or granted
access to, classified information are loyal and trustworthy.
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE (PHOTINT): The collected products
of photographic interpretation classified and evaluated for
intelligence use. Photographic intelligence is a category
of Imagery Interpretation.
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PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION (PI): The process of location,
recognition, identification, and description of objects,
activities, and terrain represented on photography. Photo-
graphic interpretation is a category of Imagery Interpretation.
PHYSICAL SECURITY: Physical measures--such as safes, vaults,
perimeter barriers, guard systems, alarms and access controls--
designed to safeguard installations against damage, disruption
or unauthorized entry; information or material against un-
authorized access or theft; and specified personnel against
harm.
PLANNING AND DIRECTION: See Intelligence Cycle.
PROCESSING: See Intelligence Cycle.
PRODUCT: (1) Finished intelligence reports disseminated by
intelligence agencies. (2) In SIGINT usage, intelligence
information derived from analysis of SIGINT materials and
published as a report or translation for dissemination to
customers.
PRODUCTION: See Intelligence Cycle.
PROLIFERATION INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence relating
to (a) scientific, technical and economic capabilities and
programs and the political plans and intentions of non-
nuclear weapon states (NNWS) or foreign organizations to
acquire nuclear weapons and/or to acquire the requisite
special nuclear materials (SNM) and to carry on research,
development and manufacture of nuclear explosive devices,
and; (b) the attitudes, policies and actions of foreign
nuclear supplier countries or organizations within these
countries toward provision of technologies, facilities or
SNM which could assist NNWS or foreign organizations to
acquire or develop nuclear explosive devices.
RADAR INTELLIGENCE (RADINT): Intelligence derived from
information collected by radar.
RADIATION INTELLIGENCE (RINT): Intelligence derived from
information obtained from unintentional electro-magnetic
energy emanating from foreign devices to determine their
function and characteristics, excluding nuclear detonations
or radioactive sources. (Soo Noncommunications Emanations)
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RECONNAISSANCE (RECCE): A mission undertaken to obtain by
visual observation or other detection methods, information
relating to the activities, resources or forces of a foreign
nation; or to secure data concerning the meteorological,
hydrographic, or geographic characteristics of a particular
area.
RECRUITMENT-IN-PLACE: A term pertaining to a person who
has been recruited and agrees to retain his position in his
organization or government while reporting thereon to an
intelligence or security service of a foreign country.
REFUGEE: A person who is outside the country of his former
habitual residence, and who, because of fear of being per-
secuted in that country, is unwilling to return to it.
REPORT: See Intelligence Report and Intelligence Infor-
mation Report.
REQUIREMENT: See Intelligence Requirement or Collection
Requirement.
RESIDENCY: See Illegal Residency and Legal Residency.
SABOTAGE: Action against material, premises or utilities,
or other production, which injures, interferes with or ob-
structs the national security or ability of a nation to
prepare for or carry on a war.
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL (S&T) INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence
concerning foreign developments in basic and applied scientific
and technical research and development, including engineering
and production techniques, new technology, and weapon systems
and their capabilities and characteristics. Also included
is intelligence which requires scientific or technical
expertise on the part of the analyst, such as physical
health studies and behavioral analyses.
SENSITIVE: Requiring special protection from disclosure
to avoid compromise or threat to the security of the sponsor.
SENSITIVE COMPARTMENTED INFORMATION (SCI): All information
and materials subject to special national intelligence
community controls requiring restricted handling within
present and future community intelligence collection pro-
grams and their end products for which community systems
of compartmentation have been or will be formally established.
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SENSITIVE SOURCES AND METHODS: A source is a person, device,
system or activity which provides intelligence information.
A method is a technique or procedure used by a source.
Sensitive Sources and Methods require special protection
from disclosure.
SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE (SIGINT): A category of intelligence
information comprising all communications intelligence,
electronics intelligence, and foreign instrumentation sig-
nals intelligence, either individually or in combination,
including as well nonimagery infrared and coherent light
signals.
SOURCE: A person, device, system or activity from which
in' telligence information is obtained.
SPECIAL NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE (SNIE): National
Intelligence Estimates (NIEs) which are relevent to specific
policy problems that need to be addressed in the immediate
future. SNIEs are generally unscheduled, shorter, and pre-
pared more quickly then NIEs and are coordinated within the
Intelligence Community only to the extent that time permits.
STRATEGIC WARNING: Intelligence regarding the threat of the
initiation of hostilities against the U.S. or in which U.S.
forces may become involved. Strategic Warning may be
received at any time, prior to the initiation of hostilities.
SURVEILLANCE: The systematic observation or monitoring of
aerospace, surface, or subsurface areas, places, persons, or
things by visual, aural, electronic, photographic, or other
means.
TACTICAL INTELLIGENCE: That intelligence required by
military commanders in the field to maintain the readiness
of operating forces for combat operations and to support the
planning and conduct of military operations under combat
conditions.
TACTICAL INTELLIGENCE ASSET: An intelligence asset, the
primary purpose of which is the collection, processing or
production of tactical intelligence. (See Tactical Intel-
ligence.)
TARGET: A country, area, installation, organization, weapon
system, military force, situation (political or economic),
person or other entity against which intelligence operations
are directed.
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TERRORIST ORGANIZATION: A group or organization that engages
in terrorist activities. (See International Terrorist
Activities).
* TRANSMISSION SECURITY (TRANSEC): The component of communi-
cations security which results from all measures designed to
protect transmissions from interception and from exploita-
tion by means other than cryptanalysis.
UNITED STATES SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM: An entity that
is comprised of the National Security Agency (including
assigned military personnel); those elements of the military
departments and the Central Intelligence Agency performing
signals intelligence activities; and those elements of any
other department or agency which may from time-to-time be
authorized by the National Security Council to perform
signals intelligence activities during the time when such
elements are so authorized.
VALIDATION: A process normally associated with intelligence
collection, which provides official status to an identified
requirement and confirms that the requirement is appropriate
for a given collector and has not previously been satisfied.
(See Collection Requirement.)
WALK-IN: A person who on his own initiative makes contact
with a representative of a foreign country and who volunteers
information and/or requests political asylum.
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
CCPC
CIA
CIRIS
COMEX
COMINT
COMIREX
DCI
DCID
DEA
DIA
EEI
E1E
EIC
ELECTRO-OPTINT
ELINT
EMSEC
FBI
FCI
FI
FISINT
IDC
IHC
IIM
INR
Critical Collection Problems Committee
Central Intelligence Agency
Consolidated Intelligence Resources
Information System
Committee on Exchanges
Communications Intelligence
Committee on Imagery Requirements and
Exploitation
Communications Security
Director of Central Intelligence
Director of Central Intelligence
Directive
Drug Enforcement Administration
Defense Intelligence Agency
Essential Elements of Information
Evasion and Escape
Economic Intelligence Committee
Electro-optical Intelligence
Electronics Intelligence
Emanations Security
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Foreign Counterintelligence
Foreign Intelligence
Foreign Instrumentation Signals
Intelligence
Foreign Material
Human Resources Committee
Interagency Defector Committee
Information Handling Committee
Interagency Intelligence Memorandum
Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Depart-
ment of State
Intelligence-Related Activities
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JAEIC Joint Atomic Energy Intelligence
Committee
LASINT Laser Intelligence
NIE National Intelligence Estimate
NNWS Non-Nuclear Weapon States
NSA National Security Agency
NUCINT Nuclear Intelligence
OB Order of Battle
OPCON Operational Control
OPINTEL Operational Intelligence
OPTINT Optical Intelligence
PHOTINT Photographic Intelligence
PI Photographic Interpretation or
Photographic Interpretor
RADINT Radar Intelligence
RECCE Reconnaissance
RINT Radiation Intelligence
S?,T Scientific and Technical
SAO Special Activities Office
SCI Sensitive Compartmented Information
SECOM Security Committee
SIGINT Signals Intelligence
SIGINT Committee Signals Intelligence Committee
SNIE Special National Intelligence Estimate
SNM Special Nuclear Materials
SSO Special Security Officer
STIC Scientific and Technical Intelligence
Committee
TRANSEC Transmission Security
WSSTC Weapon and Space Systems Intelligence
Committee
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National Intelligence Officer: A National Intelligence Officer
is the senior substantive staff officer of the DCI and the DCI's
Deputy for National Intelligence for the NIO's assigned area of
substantive responsibility. He also manages estimative and inter-
agency intelligence production on behalf of the DCI and D/DCI/NI in
fulfillment of the DCI's charter to produce national intelligence.
An NIO is, further, the principal point of contact between the DCI
and intelligence consumers below the cabinet level. An NIO is also
charged with monitoring and coordinating that portion of the produc-
tion of the National Foreign Assessment Center that involves more
than one production office or that is interdisciplinary in character.
Finally, an NIO is the primary source of national-level substantive
guidance to Intelligence Community planners, collectors, and resource
managers.
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Special Activities Office (SAO): A term and its abbreviation often
used with reference to the TANGO and/or BRAVO information, matorial,
security administration, areas, etc. The term has evolved into the
unclassified means of identifying TANGO and BRAVO information or
controls.
Indications and Warning: That area of intelligence concerned with time-
sensi'tive information on foreign developments that could involve athreat to U.S. or allied military, political, or economic interests,
including threats to U.S. citizens. It covers indications of enemy
hostile actions or intentions; imminence of hostilities; serious
insurgency; nuclear/non-nuclear attack on the U.S., its overseas forces,
or allied nations; hostile reactions to U.S. reconnaissance activities;
terrorist attacks; and any other events. significantly threatening
U.S. security interests.
Special Activities Office (SAO): A term and its abbreviation often
used with reference to the TANGO and/or BRAVO information, matorial,
security administration, areas, etc. The term has evolved into the
unclassified means of identifying TANGO and BRAVO information or
controls.
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Special Security Officer (SSO): The officer specifically designated for
the implementation of the COMINT security and administrative instruc-
tions within any activity authorized COMINT material. Provides the
command or activity with four basic services:
a. Operates a COMINT facility.
b. Operates a Communications Terminal for receipt of SI (Special
Intelligence).
c. Advises on COMINT security matters, including sanitization and
use.
d. Assists command intelligence office in production of Intelligence
within resource limitations. Can refer also to the officer where the
officer works.
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OPP PROPOSED DEFINITIONS
ACOUSTICAL INTELLIGENCE (ACOUSTINT):
The technical and general intelligence derived from
information obtained from foreign sources which generate
acoustical waves.
ADVISORY TASKING:
A non-directive request for collection action emanating
from competent authority within the Intelligence Community
to an agency or organization having the 'capability of
responding or satisfying the request. Advisory tasking refers
to the collection of foreign information by assets not under
the control of the requestor and is accepted and acted upon
by the agency or organization concerned after full considera-
tion of extant capabilities and other departmental assignments.
(See "Tasking" and "Requirement".)
BASIC INTELLIGENCE:
Comprises general reference material of a factual nature
which results from a collation of encyclopedic information
relating to the political, economic and military structure,
resources, capabilities and vulnerabilities of foreign nations.
DCID 1/2 ATTACHMENT:
The document, published annually by the Director of
Central Intelligence, which provides to the Intelligence
Community the basic substantive priorities guidance for con-
ducting U.S. foreign intelligence activities. (See "Priority".)
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INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY (IC):
A term which, in the aggregate, refers to those Executive
Branch organizations and activities composed of: the Central
Intelligence Agency (CIA); the National Security Agency (NSA);
the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA); offices within the
Department of Defense for the collection of specialized
national foreign intelligence through reconnaissance programs;
the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR) of the Department
of State; intelligence elements of the military services;
intelligence elements of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
(FBI); intelligence elements of the.Department of Treasury;
intelligence elements of the Department of Energy; intelligence
elements of the Drug Enforcement Administration; and staff
elements of the Office of the Director of Central Intelligence.
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY STAFF (ICS):
A term referring to an obsolete organization under the
direction and control of the Director of Central Intelligence
(DCI) formed to assist the DCI in discharging his responsibilities
relating to the Intelligence Community.
KEY INTELLIGENCE QUESTIONS (KIQS):
A document, issued by the Director of Central Intelligence
and part of the Intelligence Community Planning System, which
descri.besbroadly' the most important gaps and weaknesses in
the intelligence information holdings of the Intelligence
Community. Key Intelligence Questions serve to notify the
Intelligence Community of these shortcomings which, by their
selection and illumination, require a period of special
operational attention.
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MEDICAL INTELLIGENCE:
That intelligence derived from foreign medical, bio-
scientific and environmental information which is of interest
to strategic and military planning and operations.
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE (MI):
Current, basic, or estimative intelligence on any foreign
military or military-related situation or activity 3 'ethic
include armed forces capabilities, targets, and pb_ys- cal
vulnerabilities, indications and warning, terrain and urban
ar
areas, coasts and landing beaches, telecommunications, logistics,
transportation, heath; sanitation, meteorology, escape and
evasion, mapping, charting and godesy, military economics,
military material production, foreign military assistance and
oxy-,.-murk ins .
NATIONAL FOREIGN ASSESSMENT CENTER (NFAC):
An organization established by, and under the control and
supervision of, the Director of Central Intelligence, which is
responsible forJ':~1-a&pects relayedaDproduction of national
intelligence.
NATIONAL FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE BOARD (NFIB):
A body formed to provide the Director of Central Intelligence
with advice concerning: production, review, and coordination
of national foreign intelligence; the National Foreign
Intelligence Program budget; interagency exchanges of foreign
intelligence information; arrangements with foreign governments
on intelligence matters; the protection of intelligence sources
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and methods; activities of common concern; and such other
matters as are referred to it by the DCI. The NFIB is composed
of the DCI (chairman), and the appropriate officers of the
CIA, Department of State, Department of Defense, Department
of Justice, Department of Treasury, Department of Energy,
the offices within the Department of Defense for reconnaissance
programs, the National Security Agency, and the FBI. The senior
intelligence officers of the Army, Navy, and Air Force participate
in NFIB matters as observers.
NATIONAL FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE PROGRAM (NFIP):
A collective term which aggregates the programs of the
CIA; the Consolidated Cryptologic Program, and the programs
of the offices within the Department of Defense for the
collection of specialized national foreign intelligence through
reconnaissance (except such elements as the DCI and the
Secretary of Defense agree should be excluded; the elements
of the General Defense Intelligence Program and other programs
of agencies within the Intelligence Community designated by
the DCI and the head of the department as national foreign
intelligence or national foreign counterintelligence activities;
and activities of the staff elements of the Office of the
Director of Central Intelligence.
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE:
Foreign intelligence collected and/or produced under the
aegis of the Director of Central Intelligence and intended
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primarily to be responsive to the needs of the President, the
National Security Council and other Federal officials involved
in the formulation and execution of national security policy,
foreign policy or economic policy.
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE TASKING CENTER (NITC):
The central organizational mechanism established under
the direction, control and management of the DCI, for
coordinating and tasking national foreign intelligence collection
activities.
NATIONAL SECURITY:
The territorial integrity, sovereignty, and international
freedom of action of the United States. Intelligence activities
relating to national security thus encompasses all the military,
economic, political, scientific and technological and other
aspects of foreign developments which pose actual or potential
threats to U.S. national security.
NATIONAL/TACTICAL INTERFACE:
The full range of fiscal, technical and operational
activities necessary to ensure the most efficient use of
national and tactical intelligence assets or systems to meet
the needs of national and tactical intelligence consumers.
These actions include the process of articulating and validating
intelligence requirements, developing appropriate capabilities
to satisfy these requirements, ensuring the existence of
doctrine and concepts for the utilization of these capabilities,
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verifying the adequacy of command and control systems (e.g.,
tasking, processing, and dissemination procedures; the related
concerns of security; system survivability; and exercise
parameters in conjunction with threat and/or scenario utility
evaluations). (See "National Intelligence," "Tactical
Intelligence," and "Consumer.")
POLICY REVIEW COMMITTEE (INTELLIGENCE) (PRC(I)):
A committee established under the National Security Council
to define requirements for national foreign intelligence;
establish priorities among the national foreign intelligence
priorities it has defined; and to conduct periodic reviews of
national foreign intelligence products, evaluate analytical
intelligence product performance, develop policy for assuring
high quality intelligence products, and provide guidance in
areas requiring change.
POLITICAL INTELLIGENCE:
Intelligence concerning foreign and domestic policies of
foreign governments and the activities of political movements.
a. PRIORITY:
A value (or a system of values) to denote a preferential
rating or precedence in position, used to discriminate among
like entities and thus requiring or meriting: attention before
others in the same general category. The term is normally
used in conjunction with intelligence requirements in order
to illuminate importance and to guide the actions planned,
being planned, or in use, to respond to the requirement. (See
"Requirement.")
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(b) PRIORITY:
A preferential rating according to established criteria
which reflect relative importance among requirements.
RADIATION INTELLIGENCE (RADINT):
Intelligence derived from the collection and analysis of
non-information-bearing elements extracted from the electro-
magnetic energy unintentionally emanated by foreign devices,
equipment and systems, excluding nuclear detonation or
radioactive sources.
(a) REQUIREMENT:
An essential condition, normally related to one or more
aspects of the intelligence cycle (collection, production,
processing, dissemination, planning, etc.), which describes
a specific need to be satisfied by activities assigned an
intelligence mission. (See "Tasking.")
(b) REQUIREMENT:
A generic term which refers to an established need
justifying the timely allocation of assets for accomplishing
an intelligence mission or task.
SPECIAL COORDINATION COMMITTEE (SCC):
A committee established under the National Security Council
to consider, develop, and submit to the President policy
recommendations on each special activity in support of national
foreign policy objectives and, under standards established
by the President, on sensitive foreign intelligence collection
operations, or approve such operations. The SCC also develops
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policy with respect to the objectives, priorities, direction
and conduct of national foreign counterintelligence activities
of the U.S. and conducts annual reviews of ongoing special
activities in support of national foreign policy objectives
and sensitive national foreign intelligence collection
operations.
STRATEGIC INTELLIGENCE:
Intelligence which is. required for the formulation of
policy and military plans at national and international levels.
Strategic intelligence and tactical intelligence differ
primarily in level of employment, but may also vary in terms
of scope and detail.
TARGET INTELLIGENCE:
Intelligence which portrays and locates the components of
a target or target complex and indicates it vulnerability
and relative importance.
TASKING:
The act of prescribing a specific action for accomplishment
upon the components of the Intelligence Community by a superior
authority. The term is generally associated with the assignment
of requirements upon intelligence collection systems; however,
it applies equally to all aspects of the intelligence cycle.
(See "Requirement.")
TELEMETRY INTELLIGENCE (TELINT):
Technical and general intelligence derived from information
obtained through the intercept, processing and analysis of
foreign telemetry.
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