THE VANGUARD WEATHER SATELLITE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP91-00965R000200100078-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 9, 2005
• Sequence Number: 78
• Publication Date: January 29, 1959
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved For Release 2006/02107 : CIA-RDP91-00965R000200100078-3
1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- APPENDIX A1317
Before closing, r Would like to note- the
contributions of the U.S. Army Signal Re-
search and Development Laboratory, Fort
Monmouth, N.J,, which developed the in-
strumentation in the cloud cover satellite;
also, the contributions of the industrial firma
which have been associated with Project Van-
guard under the Martin Co. as prime con-
tractor. The General Electric Co. provided
the first-stage rocket. The Aerojet General
Corp. provided the rocket for the second-
stage booster, and the Grand Central Rocket
Co. made the third-stage rocket. The guid-
ance and control equipment was developed
from contributions by the Minneapolis.
Honeywell Regulator Co., Designers, for In-
dustry, Air Associates;. and the Martin Co.
The fine contributions of these industrial
teams are representative of the high. level teacher pay would not only solve the teacher
of the Nation's industrial technology and shortage, it would create competition for the
lead us to a feeling of confidence in the jobs. Then you as administrators would be
future of our programs. in position to demand a high degree of excel-
New Challenges to Education
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
. of
HON. RALPH YARBOROUGH
OF TEXAS
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STA'T'ES
Mr. YARBOROC3("ajri Mr. President,
it was recently my plea, r and privilege
to address the Texas breakfa,"4t the Na-
tional School Administrators cones on
. in common with most informed Americans,
I am deeply concerned about the lagging
progress of public education and I am par-
ticularly concerned about it in Texas. This
does not mean that I am critical of you and
of our teachers. On the contrary, I com-
mend you for doing an excellent job despite
limited tools, inadequate pay, and lukewarm
public support. It is my job, and the re-
sponsibility of every thinking-citizen, to do
everything possible to see that you have the
funds to pay adequate teachers' salaries and
to build adequate classrooms.
I firmly believe that teachers' pay in Texas
should be raised from 50 percent to 100 per-
cent, but not because I feel that every teacher
is worth twice as much as he or she is now
lence In this vital profession.
To those who say we "can't afford it," my
answer is-we cannot afford to do otherwise.
Like it or not, we cannot afford either having
only half of our Texans educated, or having
all Texans half educated. Yet, we are dan-
gerously near that point.
Only one Texan in three over the age of 25
years has completed 4 years of high school.
Texans rank 38th enSoug people from all the
States In the percentage. .qualified through
the selective service mentaltest. Likewise,
our students rank 38th among`tl e students
of other States in the per capi k.,verage
ready underway. I will continue to-strenu-
ously oppose moves to abolish or to limit the -
school-lunch program, and the school-milk
program, vocational education programs, and
Federal - assistance to federally impacted
areas. I am working to expand all of these
programs. You know, some of these people
who are against spending money on public
education, no matter why or where the
money is needed, have been running around
the State saying, "Why you've got to watch
out for old RALPH YARBOROUGH. He's for Fed-
eral aid to education."
I'd like to clear that point up once and
for all. I'm not just for Federal aid to edu-
cation. - I'm for all aid to education. The
soundest investment we can make in America
is in developing the minds of our young
people. The need for more funds in the
field of public education is so critical that
revenues from -local districts, cities, States,
and the Federal Government all are required.
With this in mind, I have been shocked and
saddened to learn that the board of regents
of our Texas State teachers colleges. have
declined by an official resolution to partici-
pate in the student loan provisions of the
National Defense Education Act of 1958.. As
you know, this is the act which primarily
is designed to start us on the road to higher
educational achievement, particularly in the
field of science.
One provision of the National Defense Edu-
cation Act of 1958, which, incidentally, I had
the honor of coauthoring, provides funds for
loans to college students. Most colleges in
Texas and throughout the Nation have re-
under Texas' generally unenforceable coxff=-,.wasponded enthusiastically to this loan pro-
pulsory school attendance law. ,grain as a very worthwhile means of assist-
It Is a shocking disgrace for big, rich Texas ing wtsrty students in securing a college edu-
to rank 32d among the States in public school cation. But, i was astonished to learn that
held in Atlantic City, N.J. -?,, expenditures for each pupil in average daily
But one must confess that is
dance
tt
.
en
The school administrators of this Na- - ~
wi[at~might be expected-- In a State where
tion are a most important group. To
them and the teachers under their super-
vision falls the vital task of training the
youth of the United States. The excel-
lent record they have already established
stands as a living monument to their
skill and dedication to duty, particularly
when we consider they have- been forced
to work with inadequate facilities and are
generally underpaid. To remain at their
posts and continue to work. for the bet-
terment of young people requires a mis-
sionary zeal. - -These people are- to be
heartily commended. -
At the request of friends, I am asking
unanimous consent to have my address,
given February 17, 1959, printed in the
Appendix of the RECORD.
There being no objection, the address
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
NEW CHALLENGES TO EDUCATION
(Address by U.S. Senator RALPH YARnonouGH
at the annual- Texas breakfast at the Na-
tional Association of School Administra-
tors convention, Atlantic City,.N.J., Febru-
ary 17, 1959)
Mr. Chairman, fellow Texans, fellow Amer-
icans, I am very grateful for the privilege of
participating in your annual meeting. This
is a- doubly pleasurable meeting to me, be-
cause some of the happiest days of my life
-have been spent in school-most of them as
a student under inspiring teachers.
Although some of my former students In
the Piney Woods countryof the Neches River
Valley may feel differently about those times,
my 3 years as a country schoolteacher in
Henderson County were to me some of the
happiest days of all.
Now, as a member of the Senate Education
Subcommittee, I am having an, exceptional
opportunity to learn something of the many
complex problems facing our schools today.
the general government to establish a pu
lie system of education in Texas.
the board of regents of Texas State teachers
colleges have denied participation in these
loans to students in five -colleges.
Despite the fact that college officials had
estimated a student loan need totaling $195,-
333, the board, saw fit to deny this loan pro-
gram to students at Sam Houston Teachers
College, Southwest Texas State Teachers
College, Stephen F. Austin, East Texas State.
and Sul Ross College.
heroes- killed. But her right to a system of funds, the regents- should be held account-
public education was won. Are we, the in- able. Ironically, one of the colleges which
heritors of those rights, to fail this, and the the regents prohibited- from participating in
next generation? Are we too weak, too con- the loan program has this statement of pur-
formist, tooservile and supine, to fight for pose printed on its letterhead: "Founded to
what we know is right? Is big money to con- promote the advancement of the profession
note big ignorance? I call on every Texan to of teaching. Dedicated to the cause of bet-
rally now, and help -us build the best sys- ter schools. Devoted to the welfare of chil-
tem of public education in the United States. dren and youth." -
Proud, wealthy Texas is paying its elemen- _it is my sincere hope that the- board of re-
tsxy teachers an average of only $4,296 yearly, gents of Texas State -teachers colleges, for
considerably below the national average: the good of the students, will reconsider its-
This is criminal neglect because the student position on this matter: A total of $21,758 has
is the casualty in the long run, As your been reserved for the five colleges involved.
representative in the Senate, I am working If, the regents. finally. deny this aid to their -
for the solution of this problem. students, I shall make every effort to see that
As a member of the Senate Education Sub- these funds are apportioned to other Texas -
committee, I have been present at hearings students in other schools so that they will
on Senate bill No. 2, the so-called School not be diverted to other States.
Support Act of 1959 introduced by Senator
MURRAY, of Montana. Under this provision, In my opinion, the people who make the
Texas would be eligible to receive an allot- mistake of opposing the granting of sufficient
ment of $25 per school age child in fiscal funds for the Nation's educational program
1959-60, $50 the next year, $75 the next year, are doing this country, themselves, and par-
and- $100 per student in 1962-63. The esti- titularly our children, one of the greatest in-
mated allotments for Texas by respective justices of which. they are capable.
yearwould total $63.8 million; $132.9 million, Basically, the cold war now raging between
$206.4 million, and $2.85.3 million. . democracy and communism around the world
This money, and I want to emphasize is, a struggle for the- minds of men. En-
this-without any Federal controls or inter- lightenment has always been free men's bul-
vention-would be available to local school wark against tyranny. Education is the
districts to use as local boards see fit, either foundiition stone of democracy, and it is an
for teacher pay increases- or construction of ever-increasing factor in the standard of
new school rooms, or both. living each man and his family can enjoy.
Regardless of whether this bill passes, We cannot, we must not, and we will not
you can count on me to fight to see that continue to deny all our students an educa-
we do not lose any of the good programs al- tion of the first class.
Approved For Release 2006/02/07 : CIA-RDP91-00965R000200100078-3
 A1318
Approved For Release 2006/02/07 : CIA-RDP91-00965R000200100078-3
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -APPENDIX February 23
It would be simpler If I could say at this
point, "Well, we a o going to help you get
some money, and teat will solve the educa-
tional problems in America in general, and In
Texas In particular.` -
But It isn't that bimple. The educational
problem facing us 01 goes much deeper than
money., The thing we need most in educa-
tion cannot be bought with money; it must
grow again In the l.earts and minds of the
American people, I refer to the once proud
dream that this laid would be the world's
model of universal" educational attainment
and cultural devel)pment. I refer to the
spirit which made backwoods boy named
Abraham Lincoln study by firelight because
he and other young people of his time re-
cognized that knowledge Is an Invaluable
stepping stone to happiness and to greatness.
What hag become' of the insatiable and In-
exorable quest for knowledge which played
such a dominant rile in pioneering of our
Nation? Des it eXist no more? Is a pen-
chant for a be-bop ducktatl culture a passing
fad, or evidence of the long decline?
As a people we hpve more time-free from
work and drudgery,, than any other people
in the history of matskind. But are we Amer-
icans using this time, even a small portion
of this free time, to Improve our minds
through new educatl