LETTER TO ALLEN H. HAWKINS FROM ROBERT M. GATES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90G01359R000200010011-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 16
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 13, 2011
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: August 22, 1985
• Content Type: LETTER

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Central Intelligence Agency
Mr. Allen H. Watkins
Director, EROS Data Center
Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57198
DDI-~ ..&.,~. _ yls
2 2 AUG 1985
One of my imagery scientists) I is
pursuing a program of independent research on methodologies to
combine data from various satellite imaging systems. This study
is being conducted under the auspices of the Intelligence
Directorate's Advanced Analyst Develo ment Program. As the
initial part of his program, would like to spend a
two-week period (14-25 October 1985) with the Technique
Development and Applications Branch at the EROS Data Center
(EDC).
The principal objective would be to investigate the
feasibility of developing digital relationships for the NOAA
LANDSAT and meteorological satellites that would permit
interchangeable use of hardcopy and CRT images. Workin with the
image data processing experts at EDC would broade
expertise and provide him with a better understanding of the
technical issues related to the integration of data from systems
with different spectral and spatial characteristics. Facilities
at the Data Center provide both digital processing and image
production capabilities suitable for his work. Further, EDC
personnel are familiar with unique Agency LANDSAT image
processing requirements. The Directorate of Intelligence, of
course, would provide-all funding and administrative support for
during his study at the Data Center.
? Sincerely,
o er a es
Deputy Director for Intelligence
25X1
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DI/MPS/SSC/CDB
(29 July 1985) STAT
DISTRIBUTION:
Orig - Addressee
1 - DDI
1 - DI Registry
1 - D/OP
1 - DI/Pers
1 - D/OGI
1 - OGI/Admin
1 - John H. McElroy
Assistant Administrator for National Environmental
Satellite, Data, and Information Services;
Department of Commerce
1 - Russell Koffler
Director, Satellite Data Processing and Distribution;
Department of Commerce
4 - DI/MPS/SSC/CDB files
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Iq
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 Z21
pTMOS
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Q4RTMENT OF
SUPPLEMENTAL ISSUE
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COLOR BALANCE FOR
THEMATIC MAPPER:
AN IMPROVED IMAGE
ARCHIVE
The increased availability of
Thematic Mapper (TM) data from
Landsat 5 has resulted in multiple
orders for TM color products using
bands 2, 3, and 4. Since this com-
bination is more compatible in spec-
tral range to MSS bands 1, 2, and 4,
the standard TM false-color com-
posite provided by NOAA will now be
made using TM bands 2, 3, and 4
with new photographic look-up
tables. This report traces the evolu-
tion of the methods used to achieve
the color products now available to
Landsat users. Its purpose is to in-
form TM data users of NOAA's progress
in establishing a compatible TM/MSS
color balance characterization. This
color balance scheme will be applied to
all archival photographic products
produced after July 1, 1985.
Background
The TM was conceived by NASA as
a second-generation instrument
relative to the Multispectral Scanner
System (MSS). As such it was prin-
cipally designed to observe vegeta-
tion cover and provide a better
measure of crop acreages in regions
or countries with small fields. To aid
in this assessment, a 30-meter
spatial resolution was adopted along
with some "sharpening" of the spec-
tral bands.
Landeat 8 Thematic Mapper scene of Washington, D.C. area generated using the new
photographic look-up table (Band 4). Scale, approximately 1:1,800,000. Displayed is the
central portion of scene 80099-18143 (Engineering roll 8811983), acquired in June 1984.
The objective of early TM image
evaluations using data acquired
from Landsat 4 was designed to
characterize sensor response and
verify the utility of the TM for
special applications. These studies
were carried out by principal in-
vestigators funded by the NASA
Science Office. Most principal in-
vestigators performed digital
analyses using single scene data ac-
quired over predetermined areas of
the Earth's surface. Scientific results
for each scene were categorized using
digital data analysis techniques for
the single acquisition received. A
series of applications results were
derived by these investigators. All
results were taken from Landsat 4
acquisitions in the fall of 1982.
When color composites were required
to illustrate a point, they were
generated through the use of special
photoprocessing techniques to
enhance specific features in each
scene.
Multitemporal investigations were
also planned and funded. However,
the priority of these investigations
was reduced when the Landsat 4 TM
was effectively lost February 14,
1983 (approximately 7 months after
launch) due to a combination of the
loss of the X-band transmission
capability and the eventual failure
of two of the four solar array panels.
Prior to this time, 11,000 TM scenes
had been acquired worldwide. Ap-
proximately 8,000 of these covered
the USA and were candidates for pro-
cessing. However, due to the lack of a
high volume production facility at
the time of launch, the data on hand
were processed on an alternate
system capable of only one full scene
each day of operation. This limita-
tion resulted in very selective image
processing. Furthermore, since there
were no TM scenes available from
Landsat 4 that were acquired during
the spring and early summer grow-
ing seasons, the film look-up tables
(see September 1983 Landsat Data
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Users Notes) were applicable only to
fall acquisitions.
Transition to NOAA
Landsat 5 was launched on March
1, 1984, at which time the NASA
Thematic Mapper Image Processing
System (TIPS) was in the final
development phase and capable of
only limited operation to support
research and development. TIPS was
to produce twelve full TM scenes per
day for the archive, with this
throughput volume of data to be in-
creased significantly after the
development phase was completed.
Prior to the transition of TIPS to
NOAA on September 1, 1984, all ac-
tivities associated with ground pro-
cessing were directed toward assur-
ing that the complex of hardware
and software required for TM opera-
tions met production throughput
goals. As a result of these priorities,
no attempt was made by NASA to op-
timize color balance.
Initial attempts by NOAA to make
Landsat 5 MSS and TM photographic
images look alike using TIPS were
not totally successful for data ac-
quired in any season other than fall.
False-color composite images
generated using black and white
TIPS transparencies from bands 2, 3,
and 4 were poorly suited for
agronomic analysis. The images had
an overall bluish cast; subtle vegeta-
tion stress signatures were not as
evident, and the effects of soil
moisture were more difficult to
discern. Other users, accustomed to
the MSS color scheme, also found the
TM images unsuitable for their ap-
plication when established inter-
pretation criteria were applied to the
photographic data. Subsequent
analysis of the problem indicated
that, with modification to the film
production system, MSS and TM im-
ages from TIPS could be made to
have similar color balance.
Color balance nearly identical to
MSS "bench mark" images was
achieved through the remapping of
TM digital values. The remapping
was based on a Landsat 5 data set
consisting of several portions of a
late June 1.984 agricultural scene ac-
quired simultaneously by MSS and
TM. The scene included large fields,
extensive forested areas, multiple
cultural features and a variety of
different vegetative cover types.
Also, due to localized drought condi-
tions and the presence of some ir-
rigated fields, a wide range of crop
conditions was evident. Sample sizes
were selected from ten different
scene components to provide a wide
range of spectral data. The sample
sizes ranged from 400 MSS pixels for
cultural features to over 22,000 pix-
els for forested areas. Data for each
common area were extracted from
computer-compatible tapes for both
MSS and TM. These common data
were remapped from TM to MSS
equivalent digital values through
using a linear regression.
Using these data, a new photogra-
phic look-up table for Landsat 5 data
was created. This table (Table 2)
should be contrasted with the earlier
result (Table 1). Note that in Table 1,
the look-up table values for bands 2
and 3 were the same at each step and
bands 4 and 5 were equivalent in the
same manner. In the current scheme,
a single look-up table applies to
Digital
Linear
Gray
Scale
Band 1
Bands
2&3
Bands
4&5
Band6
Band7
Value
Density
Density
Density
Density
Density
Density
0
2.20
2.20
2.20
2.20
2.20
2.20
16
2.07
2.17
1.55
1.69
2.20
1.32
34
1.93
2.02
0.98
1.35
2.16
0.88
50
1.80
1.56
0.64
1.12
2.01
0.66
68
1.67
1.12
0.41
0.90
1.76
0.50
84
1.53
0.87
0.32
0.75
1.50
0.41
102
1.40
0.65
0.28
0.60
1.20
0.34
118
1.27
0.50
0.26
0.50
0.95
0.30
136
1.13
0.39
0.25
0.40
0.70
0.27
152
1.00
0.33
0.24
0.34
0.49
0.25
170
0.87
0.30
0.23
0.30
0.32
0.23
186
0.73
0.27
0.22
0.26
0.24
0.22
204
0.60
025
0.21
0.24
0.22
0 21
220
0.47
0.23
0.20
0.22
0.20
0.20
238
0.33
0 21
0.20
0.21
0.20
0.20
255
0.20
0 20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
Table 1. Old TM Look-up Table, Showing Input Digital Value
Versus Output Density. Published in September 1983
issue of Landsat Data Users Notes
Digital
Linear
Gray
Scale
Bands
1,2,3,4
Band 5
Band 6
Band 7
Value
Density
Density
Density
Density
Density
0
2.20
2.30
2.20
2.20
2.20
16
2.07
1.67
1.69
2.20
1.32
34
1.93
1.43
1.35
2.16
0.88
50
1.80
1.26
1.12
2.01
0.66
68
1.67
1.10
0.90
1.76
0.50
84
1.53
0.97
0.75
1.50
0.41
102
1.40
0.85
0.60
1.20
0.34
118
1.27
0.75
0.50
0.95
0.30
136
1.13
0.65
0.40
0.70
0.27
152
1.00
0.57
0.34
0.49
0.25
170
0.87
0.49
0.30
0.32
0.23
186
0.73
0.43
0.26
0.24
0.22
204
0.60
0.37
0.24
0.22
0.21
220
0.47
0.33
0.22
0.20
0.20
238
0.33
0.28
0.21
0.20
0.20
255
0.20
0.24
0.20
0.20
0.20
Table 2. New TM Look-up Table, Showing Input Digital Value
Versus Output Density
bands 1, 2, 3, and 4. Furthermore, in
each of these bands, the photogra-
phic response curve shifted away
from the original shape presented in
1983.
Figures 1 through 16 have been
prepared to illustrate the difference
in black and white photographic pro-
ducts when the new look-up tables
are applied. Each group of four
figures contains two images and two
plots. These figures were generated
for a scene containing coverage of
Kemmerer and Green River, Wyom-
ing (southwest corner of state). This
scene (path 37, row 31, from June 18,
1984) was selected for this analysis
because of its wide variety of ground
feature types. Each image pair il-
lustrates the overall upgrade in im-
age definition achieved by using the
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Figure 1 - Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper scene using old
photographic look-up table (Band 1). Southwest Wyom-
ing. Scale, approximately 1:2,000,000. Major portion of
scene Y50109-17295 (Archive roll 8420001).
Figure 3 - Plot of TM Band 1-derived density transforma-
tion curve used to generate Figure 1, published in
September 1983 issue of Landsat Data Users Notes.
new look-up table. The photographic
characteristic curve used to process
each image has been plotted directly
beneath its display. For example,
Figure 3 is the curve used to
generate Figure 1 and, similarly,
Figure 4 is the curve used to
generate Figure 2.
The transparencies used to pro-
duce these black and white products
were used to produce the TM false-
color composites presented as Figures
Figure 2 - Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper scene using new
photographic look-up table (Band 1). Southwest Wyoming.
Scale, approximately 1:2,000,000. Major portion of scene
50109-17295 (Engineering roll 8511925).
Figure 4 - Plot of TM Band 1 density transformation
curve used to create Figure 2.
17 and 19. Figure 18 is the
equivalent MSS false-color composite.
The MSS data were acquired at the
same time as the TM data and are
representative of the data archived
for this scene. Comparison of these
figures illustrates that this more re-
cent version of TM color is a close
match to the MSS product.
In order to pursue this point, an
expanded data set was considered.
Figures 20, 21 and 22 are presented
to provide information relative to
how these transformations improve
data acquired over desert regions.
Multi-temporal and multi-satellite
data are illustrated in Figures 23,
24, 25, and 26. These figures contain
false-color composites for TM and
MSS from Landsats 4 and 5. Figures
23 and 24 should be compared for TM
to MSS color balance as should
Figures 25 and 26. Though the
match is not perfect, it is sufficient
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Figure 8 - Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper scene using old
photographic look-up table (Band 2). Southwest Wyom-
ing. Scale, approximately 1:2,000,000. Major portion of
scene Y50109-17295 (Archive roll 8420001).
Figure 7 - Plot of TM Band 2-derived transformation
curve used to generate Figure 5, published in September
1983 issue of Landsat Data Users Notes.
to provide a standard means of
assessing the photographic data ar-
chive. Furthermore, comparison of
Figures 23 and 25 illustrates the
multi-temporal color change to be ex-
pected with TM. Figures 24 and 26 il-
lustrate this same effect for MSS.
In summary, it can be stated that
this set of look-up tables for TM
bands 2, 3, and 4 produces both
black and white and false-color com-
posite images that have more defini-
Figure 8 - Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper scene using new
photographic look-up table (Band 2). Southwest Wyom-
ing. Scale, approximately 1:2,000,000. Major portion of
scene 50109-17295 (Engineering roll 8511925).
Figure 8 - Plot of TM Band 2 density transformation
curve used to create Figure 6.
tion than was possible using the old
transformation. These tables will be
applied to all photographic data
processed after July 1, 1985. Com-
puter search listings for these data
will be marked with "NOAA RAD
LOOK UP NO. 1."
On a related note, NOAA wishes to
remind users that developmental
work continues on black-and-white
TM scenes over areas of very low or
high reflectance. As pointed out in
the December, 1984 issue of this
publication, there is concern over a
lack of sufficient contrast in such
TM scenes.
Questions, comments, or requests
for further information can be
directed to: NOAA Customer Services,
Mundt Federal Building, Sioux Falls,
SD 57198. Telephone: [phone].
4
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Figure 9 - Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper scene using old
photographic look-up table (Band 3). Southwest Wyom-
ing. Scale, approximately 1:2,000,000. Major portion of
scene Y50109-17295 (Archive roll 8420001).
Figure 10 - Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper scene using new
photographic look-up table (Band 3). Southwest Wyom-
ing. Scale, approximately 1:2,000,000. Major portion of
scene 50109-17295 (Engineering roll 8511925).
Figure 11 - Plot of TM Band 3-derived density transfor-
mation curve used to generate Figure 9, published in
September 1983 issue of Landsat Users Notes.
Details of the mathematical
transformations used in the
previous article will be presented
at the 1985 ACSM-ASPRS conven-
tion to be held in Indianapolis, In-
diana. The paper, co-authored by
B.P. Clark and A.J. Johnson, has
the title: "Creation of an
Optimized Color Balance for TM
and MSS Imagery."
Figure 12 - Plot of TM Band 3 density transformation
curve used to create Figure 10.
NEW STANDARD
TM COLOR COMPOSITE
As indicated in the lead article,
the standard TM false-color com-
posite indicator in the Landsat data
base has been changed from Bands 1,
3, and 4 to Bands 2, 3, and 4. This
change was made to assist the user
community in comparing MSS and
TM data. The choice of Bands 2, 3,
and 4 from the TM sensor more close-
ly represents the spectral regions
that MSS users are familiar with
from MSS color composites of Bands
1, 2, and 4 (Bands 4, 5, and 7 for
Landsats 1, 2, and 3). The flags of the
existing Landsat 4 and 5 TM color
composites have been changed in the
data base to reflect this. In addition,
the research or computer inquiry
function has been modified to flag
the existence of non-standard color
composites as follows.
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Figure 13 - Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper scene using old
photographic look-up table (Band 4). Southwest Wyom-
ing. Scale, approximately 1:2,000,000. Major portion of
scene Y50109-17295 (Archive roll 8420001).
Figure 14 - Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper scene using new
photographic look-up table (Band 4). Southwest Wyom-
ing. Scale, approximately 1:2,000,000. Major portion of
scene 50109-17295 (Engineering roll 8511925).
Figure 15 - Plot of TM Band 4-derived density transfor-
mation curve used to generate Figure 13, published in
September 1983 Issue of Landsat Data Users Notes.
In the computer inquiry printout,
the color composite field will contain
a number if a standard composite ex-
ists; this number is an assigned color
composite quality indicator. If the
standard composite does not exist
but a non-standard composite does,
(for example, a Band 1, 2, 3 "natural
color" composite), then the field will
contain the character "U" for uni-
que. If neither exists, the field will
contain a "P" for possible; that is, no
Figure 16 - Plot of TM Band 4 density transformation
curve used to create Figure 14.
color composite has been attempted,
but could be. An "N" indicates that
a color composite cannot be made.
NOAA expects that this change to
the TM data base and the upgrade to
the research capability will assist
our TM customers.
TM PRODUCTION GOALS
AND ARCHIVE HOLDINGS
NOAA has established the follow-
ing production goals for the
Thematic Mapper Image Processing
System (TIPS): 25 film scenes and 10
CCT scenes per day, 7 days a week.
The TM HDT-A archive at Goddard
Space Flight Center contains approx-
imately 50,000 scenes of Landsat 4
and Landsat 5 data at various levels
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Figure 17 - TM false-color composite of Bands 2, 3, and 4
generated using the old look-up tables (Archive roll
8420001.)
Figure 18 - Standard MSS false-color composite, Bands 1,
2, and 4. (Archive roll 5402.)
LEGEND
? Figures 17 and 19 represent false-color products
before and after using the new look-up table.
? Figures 17 and 18 illustrate the lack of comparison
between MSS and TM prior to the transformation.
? Figures 18 and 19 illustrate the color relationship
achieved between MSS and TM with the new look-
up table.
? Figures 17, 18 and 19 are images from the
southwest corner of Wyoming. Scale, approximate-
ly 1:2,000,000. The prints are major portions of
scene 50109-17295 (acquired 6-18-84).
Figure 19 - TM false-color composite of Bands 2, 3, and 4
generated using the new look-up tables (Engineering roll
8511925).
of cloud cover. Production of TM
data for customers and the film ar-
chive has resulted in 6948 TM scenes
produced by April 30, 1985. These
products are archived at Sioux Falls
as follows:
TM CCT Quads
Corrected
(P data)
Uncorrected
(A data)
Landsat 4
971
136
Landsat 5
6,151
643
TOTAL
CCT QUADS:
7,122
779
As NOAA has gained production
experience, certain timelines have
emerged. For acquisition data, the
timeline from satellite passage to the
entry of archive data at Sioux Falls
has been about 20 days. This is a
reasonably acceptable timeline based
on the data collection and distribu-
tion system in place. For retrospec-
tive orders, turnaround performance
is somewhat higher for two reasons.
First, TIPS is structured to process
data in continuous swaths rather
than as single scenes. Secondly, older
data, especially those acquired before
September 1, 1984, have proven dif-
ficult to recover and process. NOAA
management intends to continue to
refine the system so that customers
can receive data in the quickest
possible time.
Landsat 4 1,176
Landsat 5 5,772
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Figure 20 - TM false-color composite of bands 2, 3, and 4,
generated using old look-up table. (Archive roll 8503641.)
Figure 22 - TM false-color composite of bands 2, 3, and 4,
generated using new look-up table. (Engineering roll
8511924.)
Figure 21 - Standard MSS false-color composite. (Archive
roll 6170.)
LEGEND
? Figures 20, 21, and 22 are images from the Middle
East. Scale, approximately 1:2,000,000. The prints
are major portions of scene 50325-06522 (acquired
1-20-85).
LANDSAT IMAGE DATA QUALITY ANALYSIS
The LIDQA Final Symposium, concerning Utilization of Landsat 4 and 5 TM and MSS Data, jointly sponsored by
NASA and the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS), will be part of the fall 1985
ACSM/ASPRS Convention to be held in Indianapolis, Indiana, September 9-11, 1985. Topics to be addressed include:
?TM Sensor Performance ?TM Image Product Quality ?Information Extraction ?Data Applications
-Radiometric -Radiometric Techniques for TM Data -TM
-Geometric -Geometric -TM relative to MSS
For further information contact:
Brian L. Markham, Code 623, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771, 301-344-5240
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Figure 23 - A segment of quadrant 2 of the
Baltimore/Chesapeake Bay area. Scale, 1:1,000,000. TM
scene acquired in November 1982 by Landsat 4. Scene
40109-15135. (Engineering roll 8511922.)
Figure 28 - A segment of quadrant 2 of the
Baltimore/Chesapeake Bay area. Scale, 1:1,000,000. TM
scene acquired in June, 1984 by Landsat 5. Scene
50099-15143. (Engineering roll 8511923.)
Figure 24 - A segment of quadrant 2 of the
Baltimore/Chesapeake Bay area. Scale, 1:1,000,000. MSS
scene acquired in November, 1982 by Landsat 4. Scene
840109-15140. (Archive roll 3847.)
Figure 26 - A segment of quadrant 2 of the
Baltimore/Chesapeake Bay area. Scale, 1:1,000,000. MSS
scene acquired in June, 1984 by Landsat 5. Scene
850099-15143. (Archive roll 5372.)
? Sensor Comparisons: Comparison of Figure 23 with ? Comparison of Figures 23 and 25 illustrates the
Figure 24 illustrates the match achieved between type of seasonal variation expected from TM data.
Landsat 4 MSS and TM data.
? Comparison of Figures 25 and 26 illustrates the ? Comparison of Figures 24 and 26 illustrates the
match between Landsat 5 MSS and TM data. seasonal variation to be expected from MSS data.
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LANDSAT MICROFICHE
To better support Landsat custo-
mers, NOAA is offering a new format
for the Landsat microform image re-
ference system. Microfiche will re-
place the standard 16mm B&W roll
microfilm. The change is being made
for TM and MSS data processed after
January 1, 1985. The new format
will be less expensive ($20 per set of
1200 scenes versus $60 for a micro-
film cassette of 1200 scenes) and it
will be delivered much sooner than
the roll microfilm has been. The mi-
crofiche image reference system will
not change - scenes will continue to
be randomly packed on the micro-
fiche and be retrievable only through
an INORAC or microCATALOG in-
quiry. The new microfiche references
will be distinguishable from the roll
film microform locations within the
inquiry listings by a "D" prefix
(D7902310808, for example) instead
of the roll film "B" prefix.
The range of microfiche locations
for each image is noted in the upper
left-hand corner. Each fiche holds 60
images. Each set is exclusive to one
sensor type (MSS or TM) and has a
uniquely-colored header (fiche title
strip) throughout the set. Sequence
numbers are in the upper right-hand
corner to minimize filing problems (1
of 20; 2 of 20; etc.). In Figure 1, the
microfiche image set number is
D790231 and the frame or location is
0808 which will be on card 14, col-
umn 8, row 3. (See Figure 2).
The microfiche image sets are
available in two forms: as a single
set (20 cards/1200 scenes) and by
calendar year subscription, January
through December (20 cards/1200
scenes and as many sets as are pro-
duced in the calendar year). The cost
for a single MSS or TM set is $20.00.
The cost for a calendar year subscrip-
tion of MSS data is $500.00. The
calendar year subscription cost for
TM is $100.00. The MSS microfiche
images are Band 2. Microfiche TM
images are Band 3 or 6 (night-time
data).
Regardless of order date, all
subscriptions will run from January
through December, ensuring receipt
of a full year's data. Single
microfiche image cards are not
available for sale or distribution.
For more information regarding
microfiche image reference data and
other microfiche accession aids for
Landsat, contact Landsat Customer
Services, Mundt Federal Building,
Sioux Falls, SD 57198. Telephone:
[phone].
NOANEDC
7902310781-0840 LANDSAT TM DATA 01/85 14 of 20
0791 0792 0793
:1 E
0801 0802 0803
:1 E
0811 0812 0813
:1 E
0821 0822 0823
:1 E
0831 0832 0833
0824 0825 0826 0827
:1 E
0834 0835 0836 0837
:1 E
Figure 2.
0808 0809 0810
E
0818 0819 0820
:1 E
0828 0829 0830
:1 E
0838 0839 0840
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Figure 1.- Example of computer printout for the scene in microfiche location D7902310808?
NORTH AMERICA LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER ACQUISITIONS
CLOUD COVER
< 0%
< 10%
< 20%
< 30% for
1 quad
This map, provided by the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, indicates by cloud cover percentage the TM
data that were acquired over the U.S. up to February 18, 1988. We must point out, however, that not all of it
has been processed to film and/or CCT's (see lead article in this issue).
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The Tenth William T. Pecora Memorial Remote Sensing Symposium
August 20, 21, 22, 1985. Student Center, Colorado State University,
Fort Collins, Colorado
REMOTE SENSING IN FOREST AND RANGE
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
The Pecora Symposium will focus on research and development in remote sensing of forest and
rangeland resources and related fields. The meeting will cover basic research as well as operational
uses of sensor technology. Topics will include:
?INTEGRATED RESOURCE INVENTORY 'MAPPING AND MONITORING WILDLIFE
'GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS HABITAT
APPLICATIONS 'GLOBAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT
'LAND USE AND LAND COVER MAPPING 'NEW AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGY-
'CHANGE DETECTION AND MONITORING DATA ACQUISITION
'VEGETATION DAMAGE ASSESSMENT 'NEW AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGY-
?MAPPING SOIL AND WATER RESOURCES DATA PROCESSING
? FIRE FUELS MAPPING
Technology and scientific developments will determine how effectively remote sensing will be
used in forest and range resource management. The symposium goal is to bring together
managers, technologists, and scientists from private, government, and university sectors to
display, present, and discuss the most recent research and application developments.
SPONSORED BY IN COOPERATION WITH
Society of American Foresters United States Geological Survey
Society of Range Management National Aeronautics and Space Administration
American Society of Photogrammetry National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
United States Department of Agriculture
Symposium Chairpersons:
William M. Ciesla Richard S. Driscoll
USDA Forest Service 2217 Sheffield Drive
3825 East Mulberry Fort Collins, CO 80526
Fort Collins, CO 80524 303-484-4470
303-224-3028
For further information, contact:
Pecora 10
Office of Conference Services
Rockwell Residential Conference Center
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, CO 80523
Attention: Craig Sommer
[phone]
American Socety of
Photo gramme try
NASA
National Aeronautics and
Space Administration
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The Earth Orbital Satellite Corporation, a private concern, has received
government approval for the commercial operation of the LANDSAT systems.
This transfer action is imminent.
(111e EROS Data Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota will be processing LANDSAT
data while building a facility to do so here in Washington. In 24 months,
it is anticipated that all newly acquired data will be processed here.
STAT
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