EE COMMUNIST ACTIVITIES FILES

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• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90-01226R000100040013-5
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• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 21, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 3, 2008
• Sequence Number: 13
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munist International," official organ
of the Executive Committee of the
Comintern, enters upon a new phase
in its expansion all over the world.
The publishing of the "C. I." in this
country marks a decisive step for-
ward in the basic theoretical politi-
cal education, of the revolutionary
working class in the United States
and reflects the advances made by
the Communist Party of the U.S.A.
during the past year.
The "Communist International"
now appears twice a month in Eng-
lish, Russian, German, French, Chi-
nese and Spanish; it is published in
more different languages and at
more widely distant points than any
other Journal in the world,, as be-
fits the organ of the international
fighting working class.
The editorial in No. 2 reviews the
XVII Congress of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union, "the con-
gress of victors, the congress of the
construction of classless society."
The magnificent achievements of
the workers of the Soviet Union are
graphically summarized in the fact
that "on the eve of the first Five-
Year Plan the U.S.S.R. occupied
fifth place among the countries of
the world. On the eve of the sec-
ond Five-Year Plan, It had ad-
vanced to third place in the world
and second place In Europe."
Comrade Stalin's analysis in dis-
cussing the revolutionary situation
throughout the world is a timely
admonition to the Communist
Parties:
"A revolutionary crisis is matur-
ing and will continue to mature.
But the victory of the revolu-
tion never comes by itself. It has
to be prepared for and won. And
only a strong proletarian revolu-
tionary party can prepare for and
win victory."
An article on the "Revolutionary
battles in Cuba" gives a concise
summary of political events in the
Yankee semi-colony since the rise
of the Grau-Batista government.
EE COMMIST ACTIVITIES FILES
FILE NO.
SOURCE : ............................................................................................
DATE : ..............._.............................................. ...................-- .......
"Once More About Work in the
Reformist and Fascist Unions." by
I. Magazine to Re`
published in the U. S.
Party of U. S. D
Reviewed by
LEONARD BUNS
1i1ITH the American publication of
1i Nos. 2 and 3, Vol. 11, the "Cem-
Party of Poland discusses the re-
cent exposure of agents-provoca-
teur who had wormed their way into
responsible posts within the Polish
Party. The methods used by that
Party in disclosing and getting rid
of these provoeateurs within the
ranks should be carefully studied by
every Party member here in the
United States as a vital part of our
constant, ever-vigilant efforts to
keep the Party ranks free of stool-
pigeons and police spies.
Comrade Richter furnishes an-
other valuable article on "Questions
Arising in Communist Parties in
Going Over to Illegality." He
makes the experience of the Ger-
man Communist Party in its transi-
tion from a legal mass party to a
party working under difficult un-
derground conditions against Fas-
01st terror available to the brother
Communist Parties throughout the
world. With the growth of terror-
istic repression in the United States
--see Imperial Valley, the Alabama
sharecroppers, and the general
tightening of police measures
against Communist activity-ths
Party members must devote consid-
erable study to the problems facing
the Party In building the apparatus
and in the methods of work neces-
sary for illegal activity.
At 10 cents per issue and $2 for
a year's subscription, the "Commu-
nist International" is indispensable
for every class-conscious worker. It
is imperative that every Party or-
ganization, beginning with the fac-
tory nucleus, that all Workers'
Schools. that every workers' club,
make. the "Communist Interna-
tional" a part of its regular peri-
odical file for reading and study by
its members. No proletarian library
Is complete without this important
current survey of revolutionary
problems and the work of the Com-
munist Parties all over the world.
Spread the "Communist Interna-
tional," popularize its contents, or-
ganize discussion of the outstand-
ing problems raised in each Issue_
make it part of our revolutionar'
life here In the United States.
I WHAT'S ON
3/0/
Comrade Piatnitsky of the E.C.C.I., I Friday
question of the defects of Commu-
nist work in the labor unions. Tak-
ing concrete examples .from. the -ac-
tivities of the Swedish, Polish, Ger-
man and British Communist Par
ties, Piatniteky points to'the Com-
munists' ieneral failure ts conadi-
DR. B. LIBER lectures on "American
nd Soviet Health 'Work" at'Pretipeet >1r.
p. M.
80"N.11. WOODRUPI' iectur ! 56 '1197
is Advances Made by the Communist
uring Past Year"
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3/6/
EE COMMUNIST ACTIVITIES FILES ..............._...._...............~.
FILE NO.
SOURCE: DAILY WORKER (New York) National Edition
o, Norman Thomas, Comhrn Has- N~-t
/
Changed its / Revolutionary Stand on mar,
Licit
"
U I1 f~ S 1
4
By A. B. Magil /i
ARTICLE I
Norman Thomas is worried. The
Seventh World Congress of the
Communist International has left
him gasping for air. And 'being a
man who seems to do a lot of think-
ing out loud, he spread his confusion
over the last two Issues of the So-
cialist Call, organ of the "Militants"
in the Socialist Party.
It may seen surprising for a man
with Norman Thomas' record-es-
pecially since the last meeting of the
National Executive Committee of
the S. P.-to say that the present
Communist Party line is one of ex-
treme opportunism" (Socialist Call,
Aug. 10). But no more surprising
than to find the New Leader, organ
of the reactionary "Old Guard."
criticizing the Communist Interna-
tional from-believe it or not-the
"left."
The Peril of Fascism
Because the confusion of Norman
Thomas (who, incidentally, echoes
many of the absurdities and distor-
tions of the capitalist press) regard-
ing the discussion at the Comintern
Congress represents not his perplex-
ity alone, but in all probability the
cc.,iusion of a considerable portion
of the Socialist Party membership,
it is important to take up the issues
which he 'raises in an effort to
clarify them.
The Seventh Congress of the Com-
munist International meets in one
of the most critical periods in the
world's history. The triumph of fas-
;ism in Germany and the rapid
growth of fascist tendencies in all
,apitalist countries, together with
the imminent danger of a new im-
perialist war, have placed before the
masses of the world the question of
immediate determined s t r u g g l e
against the advancing force of war
and fascism. At the same time the
successful building of Socialism in
the Soviet Union and the increas-
ing influence of the Communist
Parties in the capitalist countries
are raising the perspective of the
permanent way out for the masses
of the people everywhere.
The Comintern Congress is there-
fore faced with the necessity of de-
ieloping in the most concrete form
;hose policies and tactics that will
ead both to the prevention of war
nd fascism and to the triumph of
the proletarian revolution.
The Situation Today
These policies and tactics are de-
termined not only by the changed
objective conditions since the Sixth
World Congress: the economic crisis,
the triumph of fascism in Germany
and Austria, the enormous growth
of the fascist and war danger in all
capitalist c o u n t r i e s, the great
strengthening of the Socialist for-
tress of the Sovie ,,Unionrr and the
emerging of Soviet`f lIIIia, but also
by the altered re lations within the
labor movement itself.
In the past seven years millions
of toilers have been drawn into
ollowing Marx, Engels, Lenin, Communists An-
alyze Each War Issue from Point of View of
the Interests of Toilers of Whole World
crisis has developed in the parties
away, while in all Socialist Parties
of the Second International. In a
few cases, as in Japan and France,
the extreme right wing has split
a sharp differentiation is taking
place, not only between the mem-
bership and the top leadership, but
within the leadership itself. The
appeals of the Communist Interna-
tional and the Individual Commu-
nist Parties for the united front
have crystalized the sentiment for
united action among the members
of the Socialist Parties, have led. to
partial and local united fronts in
practically all countries and in
France to a united front on a na-
tional scale on all issues imme-
diately confronting the masses.
The People's Front in France
The altered relations within the
labor movement have entered a new
stage with the emergence in France
of the anti-Fascist People's Front,
a phenomenon of world-historic sig-
nificance, pointing the path in all
countries to?the successful struggle
against fascism and war.
It is against this background, in
a world in which fascism and anti-
fascism, war and anti-war are fight-
ing desperately for mastery, that
the Seventh Congress of the Com-
munist International meets. Already
the discussion at the congress shows
that the Comintern has stood the
test. The boldness of its decisions,
the sureness with which it has
grasped in all their complexity and
diversity the tasks facing the masses
of the world reveal once more that
this is in truth the International
of Lenin and Stalin, heir to the
deathless traditions of Marx and
Engels, a fighting, revolutionary In-
ternational capable of combining
the utmost flexibility of tactics with
iron devotion to principle.
Communists and War
On the question of war:
Norman Thomas seems to think
that the Communist International
has gone over to the chauvinist po-
sition of the Socialist leaders in
1914. He is echoed by the Trotzky-
ite and Lovestoneite renegades from
Communism, who accompany their
slanders with the big bass drum of
"theoretical" pretense.
"Apparently," writes Thomas in
the Socialist Call of Aug. 3, "the
Communists have g o n e o v e r
whole-heartedly to the position
that there may be good wars be-
tween nations. This was precisely
the position of the majority of
Socialists in 1914, a posi'tiori wlrich
the Communists have bitterly d4
cried."
The Communists have X 'S
held with Marx, Engels and Lenin
that there may be "good wars"
between nations. Such just and
since 1917, wars for the defense of
the Soviet Union.
World War an Imperialist War
The imperialist war of 1914-18,
however, did not fall into any of
these four types of progressive war,
but was, on the contrary, as Lenin
pointed out, a war "waged among
the slave-holders for the strength-
ening and consolidation of slavery."
Here it was not a question of
which side fired the first shot, but
of the' aims of the two imperialist
groups, which were equally preda-
tory.
The Socialist leaders, therefore,
who as early as 1907, at the Stutt-
gart Congress of the Second In-
ternational, had solemnly pledged
to utilize the crisis created by the
expected war to work for the over-
throw of capitalism, betrayed So-
cialism when they voted war-
funds, declared class truce and ac-
tively supported their own bour-
geoisie.
The confusion of Norman Thomas
and the slanders of the rene-
gades from Communism center
around a statement by Wilhelm
Pieck in his report for the Execu-
tive Committee of the Communist
International at the opening of the
congress. Pieck declared:
"Should German fascism at-
tempt to conquer the small Eu-
ropean states, their war against
fascism will be a righteous war
which we will support."
Lenin on the World War
Does this mean that the Com-
munist Internatinal has degener-
ated into social-chauvinism as the
T r o t z k y i t e s and Lovestoneites
howl? By no means. On the con-
trary, Pieck here applies concretely
the teachings of Marx, Engels and
Lenin regarding progressive wars.
Even in the last war, in which two
clearly defined imperialist groups
came to grips, Lenin, who always
thought concretely, instead of by
abstract formula, saw interwined
certain elements of progressive na-
tional war. While denouncing the
Socialist leaders who distorted the
teachings rof Marx and Engels by
defending one or the other group
of the imperialist pirates, he de-
clared:
"The German imperialists
shamelessly,violated Belgian neu-
trality; this has always and
everywhere been the practice of
warring . nations which, in the
case of necessity, trample upsn
all treaties and obligations. Sup-
pose all nations interested in
maintaining international treaties
declared war against Germ%.y,
demanding the liberatiol slid
indemnification - of Belgium. in
THIS CASE THE SYMPATHY
OF THE SOCIALISTS 'WOULD
the war of Serbia against Austria
was also a progressive war for na-
tional liberation.
Cannot Isolate Wars
But, pointed out Lenin In both
these instances, it is impossible to
isolate these two progressive wars
from the general reactionary im-
perialist war. Belgium and Serbia
are both pawns of the big im-
perialist powers. He therefore
came to the conclusion that to
justify the war on the ground of
the defense of Belgium and Serbia,
is nothing but the vilest deception
of the people.
Is there any reason for supposing
that today a war of Nazi Germany
against some small European coun-
try can be isolated?
To answer this question let us
ask ourselves concretely what form
such a war would take. The war
moves of Nazi Germany are di-
rected primarily, as even capitalist
observers admit, against the So-
viet Union. Today no other coun-
try is being aggressively threat-
ened by the Nazis. Should Ger-
man fascism, therefore, attack
some small country, let us say,
Latvia and Lithuania or Czecho-
slovakia, which either border on or
are close to the Soviet Union, it
woulid only be the first step toward
war against the Workers' Republic.
The possibility of such a war is
very real, and undoubtedly it was
this possibility, and not the situa-
tion of Belgium and Serbia in the
last war, which Comrade Pieck
had in mind. In such a war the
Latvian or Lithuanian or Czecho-
slovak Communists will be fighting
both to defend the national inde-
pendence of their country and to
defend the Soviet Union.
Revolutionary Position the Same
No, Norman Thomas, the Com-
munists have not abandoned their
revolutionary positions. The slogan
in all wars fought for imperialist
predatory ends remains the slogan
of Lenin and the Bolsheviks:
transform the imperialist war into
civil war for the overthrow of
capitalism. The Communist Inter-
national, speaking through Wil-
helm Pieck, the comrade-in-arms
of Liebknecht, Luxemburg and
Thaelmann, shows that it is a
living, revolutionary International,
not by repeating generalized slogans,
but by developing those concrete
tactics that facilitate the struggle
against war and, should it break( .
oust, the transformation of impe-
rialist war into civil war for the
destruction of capitalism.
Tomorrow's article: The' ques-
tion of democracy, fascism and
the united front- nation
of the reply to Orman Thomas.
WHAT'S O
Philadelphia, '
'struggle against the capitalist of- I progressive wars are wars for na- I NeSTURALLY BE ON THE SIDE AW O g~
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New York Times
STALINISTS PURGE
SUBSIDIARY PARTY
Principal Leaders of Young
Communist League Are Ousted
on Grave Charges
GROUP CONTROL IS SET UP
Woman Credited With Expos-
ing 'Wreckers' and Shielders
of 'Double-Dealers'
!erred to in today's resolution as
"comrades" caused a belief at first
that they had not been arrested.
Tonight however it was strongly
rumored that they had been al-
though this rumor, like most simi-
lar ones here, cannot be verified.
Those removed, besides Mr. Kos-
aryeff, are S. Y. Hwgacheff, V. F.
Pikina, P. A. Vershkoff and I. N.
Belosludsyeff. They are accused
of bureaucratic indifference to the
welfare of the best young Commun-
ists, of having protected elements
who were "morally corrupt, invet-
erate drunkards, aliens to the Com-
munist party and Young Commun-
ist League," and of having shielded
"doubledealers."
What further action may or may
not be taken canot be told, but there
is an ominous note in a Komsomol-
skaya Pravda editorial today,/charg-
ing that Mr. Kosaryeff and others
for yeers shielded and connived
with enemies working beside them
and accusing them of ignoring in-
dications of enemy work in Osoavia-
khim, civilian air defense corps,
whose former chief was General
Robert P. Eideman, one of the eight
generals shot as traitors in June,
1937.
Then, speaking of enemies still
lurking in the Young Communist
organization, Komsomolskaya Prav-
da says:
"To expose and destroy enemies-
that is the principal task without
which it is impossible to count on
straight living and further consoli-
dating Young Communist ranks
around the Bolshevik party-Com-
rade Ctalin. He who forgets the
party, the Soviet people and the
lYoung Communist League."
Woman Caused Inquiry
3101
NOV24 i9SR
have been concerned in her expul-
sion.
Miss Mishakova protested to sev-
eral Young Communist leaders,
however, and when they turned
deaf ears she appeared before the
party's central committee. M. F.
Skiryatoff, chairman of the party's
central control committee, was as-
signed to investigate.
By HAROLD DENNY
Wireless to THE NEW YORK TIMES.
MOSCOW, Nov. 23.-The sum-
mary removal of the five principal
executives of the Young Commu-
nist League, ranging down from
Alexander V. Kosaryeff, the leader,
was announced today following re-
cent severe criticism of allegedly
scandalous and anti-Soviet condi-
tions in the league's leadership.
In their place the league's central
committee chose a new secretariat
of four members and a governing
bureau of seven, which includes
these four new secretaries.
This drastic shakeup, wnich, it is
clearly indicated, will be followed
by a renewed combing of the Young
Communist organization for inimi-
cal and unworthy elements, was
taken at the instance of the "Stal-
inist Central Committee of the Com-
munist party." The Communist
party is the parent organization of
the Young Communist League,
which is a training school and prov-
ing ground for future party mem-
bers and the Soviet regime's most
important organ for molding the
coming generation.
Their Arrest Rumored
The fact that Mr. Kosaryeff and
his removed associates were re-
The investigation that resulted in
the shake-up appear to have been
inspired by the persistence of a
woman functionary in the Young
Communist central committee-O.
P. Mishakova, who is among those
designated for the new secretariat.,
Incidentally, the new Young Corn-'
munist leaders are little known to
the general public.
Miss Mishakova, who is said to
have exposed public enemies who
had penetrated into the Young
Communist organization, was ex-
pelled for her pains on the accusa-
tions of enemies whom she had ex-
posed. Mr. Vershkoff is alleged to
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NOV2,4
New York Herald-Tribune llF
jOustedFromKomsomolPost
Herald Tribune photo-Acine
Alexander Koaareo
Russian Youth
League's Chief
Ousted`by Girl
Kosarev and 4 Others Lose
Komsomol Posts as Olga
Mishakova Takes Fight
on Them to Party Heads
By Joseph Barnes
From the Herald Tribune Bureau
Copyright, 1938, New York Tribune Inc.
MOSCOW, Nov. 23.-The new
broom promised to the Komsomol
(Young Communist League) three
days ago swept clean today with the
formal removal of Alexander V.
Kosarev, and four others from the
leadership of Soviet Youth. N. A.
Mikhailov, editor of the "Komsomol
Pravda," which made the first pub-
lic attack on Kosarev on Sunday,
succeeds him as first secretary of
the 5,000,000 organized Young Com-
munists.
It is now revealed that a girl, Olga
MisfiakoVa, was the chief agent in
Kosarev's downfall'. She was ex-
pelled from the Komsomol Central
Committee and received "severe
punishment" after she had struggled
vainly to persuade Kosare! to take
action against "the enemies of the
people" in the Chuvash Republic.
She continued her struggle, carrying
her case to the Communist party's
Central Committee. Yesterday that
body sent Matvei Shkiryatov, a for-
mer tailor who joined the party in
1906 and has been its chief trouble-
shooter in recent years, to report its
findings to the Komsomol. The find-
ings vindicated Miss Mishakova
completely and revealed serious
shortcomings in the Komsomol lead-
ership.
Kosarev and his assistants now
are denounced as "politically bank-
rupt and demoralized people." Be-
sides having tried to demobilize
active Komsomols by assurances
that their house was now in order,
Kosarev organized "orgies" with
persons whose enemy activity now
has been unmasked, it is charged.
He is still called "Comrade," but to-
day, at least, he is unemployed.
Another Komsomol named Bur-
kov, editor of the Komsomol news-
paper at Ryazan, near Moscow, had
his hands full of trouble today. A
week ago the Communist party's
Central Committee issued a power-
ful decree calling for more and bet-
ter political propaganda through the
newspapers. Three days later, Com-
rade Burkov devoted the political
propaganda section of his newspa-
per to an exposition of the laws of
King Hammurabi of Babylonia,
issued 2,000 years before Christ. With
Bolshevik irony, the newspaper
"Pravda" suggested today to him
"propaganda on a more contempo-
rary theme."
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Washington Herald
Stalin's Civil War Plan'
For World Revolution Told
"Pretended" Moves for; , ?t.. ' Moscow Holds France
Democracy and
Peace Traced
The f o''lowing article is
reprinted from the London
Times:
The comintern, described in
its official organ as the "gen-
eral staff of world revolution,"
has been very busy of late and,
there have been frequent signs
that it is changing roles, not
:or the first time, with the,
Moscow foreign office and
being raised at Al. Stalin's be-
hest from a state of subsidiary
importance.
Formed on March 4, 1919, it
filled its first few years, Zinovieff
acting as its nurse, with loud
challenges to every land in the
fid determination to bring
en
JOSEF STALIN
Camouflages Campaign
As Most Vulnerable
Of Nations
unambiguously that the end here.
as in Europe, is to cause and main-
tain disorders, thereby undermin-
ing existing authority.
In China the united front has
been firmly laid, it is claimed
ostensibly, to combat Japanese
aggression. Comimern is gaining
strength in the Far East and is
sure of ultimatum victory, with
civil war in Japan as well as in
China.
They admit there are great dif-
ficulties in working with Japan
itself, but they are rallying ele-
ments of discontent and are will-
ing to make a united front with
any existing or potential organiza-
tion, no matter what its hue, if
only it may serve to attract the
masses and undermine order.
An Example
The most striking example of
the Comintern's flexibility in this
matter was given last May, when
Moscow published an appeal to
the Roman Catholic Church to
join with the Comintern and make
a united front to fight for re-
ligious liberty in Germany, prom-
ising in the name of Stalin him-
self that a Soviet regime would
guarantee every Catholic the
right to "breathe freely and fight
freely for his convictions."
When Stalin felt the U. S. S. R.
as a "Communist citadel" was
made strong enough by the five-
year-plan system, he reverted with
fresh determination to the earlier
Bolshevist mission of conducting
the "world class war" and found
men like Marshal Tukhachevsky,
Generals Kork, Yakir and Ubore-
vich in his path.
The warning given by the shoot-
ing of Zinovieff, Kameneff, Pya-
takoff and others was unheeded
by the army leaders, and Stalin
began his drastic purge of the red
army, openly called in Moscow
the "backbone of the Comintern."
He has since been striving to
imbue it with the old Communist
spirit. His "citadel" has thereby
been weakened almost to the point
of debility, but the risk had to be
taken if he would cleanse it of
elements alien to his world mis-
sion.
The purge was extended to em-
brace a large variety of undesir-
ables inside and outside the party
at home and the sections of the
party abroad, dubbed and damned
with the convenient label of
Trotskyist.
con
about a quick series of revolutions "socialists" under the banner of
and establish a universal Soviet the "united popular front."
regime. Adolescence culminated in' Friendly Nation
the fierce program of 1928, con-'Host
cluding with the words: "Let the
dominating classes tremble!" France is regarded in Moscow
Last Open Challenge
This program, drawn up by
Bukharin and published in several
languages, was the last "open"
challenge to all the countries of
the world at a single bout. The
new Soviet diplomacy forced the
Comintern into a relatively furtive
existence of masked activity,
which led in 1934 to the crowning
shame of having to condone, ap-
prove, and explain the entry of
Soviet Russia into the League of
Nations.
During this slide Stalin had se-
as the most friendly nation. This
friendship makes her the more
vulnerable; the closer the friend-
ship the better the opportunity
for disintegrative attack. The
"new orientation" of the comin-
tern is devised for attacking
friends and partners while march-
ing together ostensibly in unity
against Fascism, the common
enemy.
The Communist party of Poland
is described as "one of the best
sections of the comintern, though
obliged to work deep under-
ground." From available materials
it appears, however, that Moscow
considers the present moment in-
cured for himself personally the "another Spain," as this would
_Lorpmand of all things in Moscow, give Germany and the Soviet
and since bt en the Comintern has
had no openly proclaimed "presi-
dent" but merely a staff of secre.
taries and a "presidium," through
whom Stalin, the tacitly recog-
nized president, dictates comintern
strategy and tactics in conformity
with the requirements of his com-
missariat of foreign affairs.
Envisioned Citadel
His guiding principle was that
the five-year-plan system should
turn the Soviet Union into a
citadel, protected by the invincible
red army, from which the general
staff of world revolution would
create and control "fronts" for
civil war in "bourgeois countries."
The present "adult" stage dates
from entry into the league and
from the seventh world congress
of the comintern which assembled
in Moscow a few months later
,(July-August, 1935).
Union a common frontier and risk
a major war with Russia as a
principal.
Outside Europe
There is more variation in the
program and methods applied to
countries outside Europe. The
Arabs are being urged by Comin-
tern agitators toward the forma-
tion of a "Pan-Arabian front" to
fight for a "united Arabistan" and
the abolition of "artificial fron-
tieres" by means of which Britain
and France have "torn the coun=
try into bits.
The comintern reports explain,
This congress had accepted in-
structions to mask the activities
of the comintern, to discard the
word "war" from the program in
favor of the word "peace," to in-
scribe the devices "fight for peace"
and the "united front" on the
Communist banner as the watch-
words of the comintern.
The word "socialism" was also
adopted for use in public hence-
forth in preference to the words
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 to ~.
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The congress passed a resolu-
tion that the chief immediate task
of the Comintern was to agitate
for a "united popular front" in all
countries.
It was explained that this "new
tactical orientation" merely meant
new methods of fighting; that
agitation for "the mass struggle
against war must now be linked
with reliance on State help from
the Soviet Union and its mighty
red army;" that operations in the
different countries would hence.
forth be directed through the com-
munists of those countries; that
leaders outside the Soviet Union
who did not carry out the new tac-
tics would be removed; and that
if war broke out anywhere the de-
vice "fight for peace" would be
the most effective weapon for
"turning war into civil war
against the bouregoisie," the ob-
ject for which the Comintern sec
tions must strive. Stalin and 18,
others were "elected" to com-
pose the presidium of the execu-
tive committee of the Comintern
and Dimitroff confirmed as its
secretary-general.
Begin on Democrats
This insidious plan was now put
into universal practice by the non-I
Russian leaders sent home with
instructions from Moscow. Though)
"Fascism" was held up as the arch.
enemy, the chief subversive ac-
tivity was prescribed for the
"democratic" countries, hope be
-~
ing given up for the time being in
Germany, Japan and Italy.
France, Spain and Austria were,
expected to yield the best early
fruit. Paris had already been
made the European center of the
Comintern, the capital from which
revolutionary matter could be
launched without ostensibly com-
promising Moscow. A "united
front" had already been formally
established in France. Now, with
Paris as its point d'appui, the
Comintern engineered the out-
break of civil war in Spain.
No secret was made of this
achievement in Russia. Spaniards
were brought to Moscow in great
numbers, trained in the art of civil
war. then sent back as leaders to
put their training into practice
with the aid of non-Communist
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