INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90-01137R000100170001-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 20
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 10, 2001
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: April 6, 1986
• Content Type: TRANS

20Alkk
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mapAm Face the Nation STATION WDVM-TV
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DATE
April 6, 1986 11:30 A.M. Ow Washington, D.C.
SUBJECT International Terrorism
LESLEY STAHL: This was a week when more innocent
Americans were murdered by terrorist bombs, a week when the
United States fell victim to random violence and felt again the
frustration oF our inability to prevent, contain, or retaliate
against what President Reagan called "these barbaric, wanton
actions."
West Berlin. A terrorist bomb explodes in a discotheque
frequented by American GIs. The bomb kills two, one an American,
and injures 190.
Athens, TWA Flight 840. A terrorist bomb explodes on
landing. Four passengers killed, all of them American.
me.
MAN: Who would kill a mother and a child? It's beyond
MAY ELIAS MANSOUR: I did not do it.
STAHL: Investigators believe this woman, May Elias
Mansour, who carried a Lebanese passport, may have planted the
explosive. Eyewitnesses say she sat in Seat 10F, where the bomb
later went off.
An anonymous caller in Beirut claimed revenge by the
Arab Revolutionary Cells for America's military actions against
Libya. Colonel gaddafi denied any involvement, but U.S.
officials say they hold him responsible.
The Administration is bracing for more acts of terror,
placing U.S. diplomats and U.S. facilities abroad under unusually
high states of alert. And with reports that explosives can
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WASHINGTON LETTER
April 1986
JACK ANDERSON'S
=MU=
MT=
ASK JACK ANDERSON
In response to my report on Iran-backed
ville, Ala., subscriber writes: "It is
prime minister of Iran was assassinated
shah put on the throne. Do you suppose
wind and not reap the whirlwind?"
The reader is referring to Mohammed Mossadegh, who ruled
Iran in the early 1950s -- an eccentric Iranian nationalist,
frail, hairless, wrinkled, given to weeping in public, who
apppeared preposterous to Occidentals but struck a deep chord
in the Iranian psyche. ._1.1cl8:22ackedcoutdici.rx:IL
assassinate and brou ht-Sha Mo amme Rez
power in lInt
I am one of the few who investigated Mossadegh's overthrow.
While this political coup 33 years ago helps explain Iran's
hatred of America, it is no justification for the worldwide
terrorism of Ayatollah Khomeini.
terrorism t a Hunts-
now admitted that the
by our own CIA and the
that we can sow the
DICTATOR WATCH.: IS KHADAFY REALLY CRAZY?
I have read secret psychological profiles which portray_ Libya's
Muammar Khadafy as erratic and unpredictable, with abrasive
convictions that smack of solitary brooding among the dunes.
But none of the reports suggested he was crazy.
He appears to have been the product of three basic molding
influences. As a nomad of the Sirtic desert, he grew up in a
region influenced by the Sanusi, a proselytizing sect that
taught a puritanical Islam and inculcated a fierce hatred of
things foreign.
As a bedouin, nourished on campfire-bred tribal memories
and antipathies, he bore the psychic marks of the Italian
onslaught on the bedouins which reached its peak in the early
1930s, the decade before Khadafy's birth.
As an Arab adolescent in the 1950s, he found his hostil-
ities, frustrations and hopes given gripping expression and
purposeful synthesis in the broadcasts and deeds of Egypt's
late leader, Gamal Abdel Nasser. Khadafy zealously worshiped
and romanticized Nasser's mythic image as only a youth can.
Nasser became young Khadafy's model in both goals and tactics,
in the most methodical sense.
Footnote: Pry?sident Reagan has ordered the CIA to mount a_
covert operation to overtErow Khadafv,
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ARTICLE APPEAtrved For Release 2001Welfitg0-0i 137R000
ON PAG
ON THE ROAD TO THE SUMMIT
Weinberger keeps getting s u out
By NILES LATHEM
Washington Bureau Chief
HELSINKI.
DEFENSE Secretary Cas-
par Weinberger has been
cut out of the Geneva sum-
mit after losing a series of
epic battles inside the Rea-
gan administration over
U.S. arms control policy.
The most telling evidence
that Weinberger is on the
outside is seen here by the
fact that there is not a sin-
gle representative of the
Pentagon in the U.S. dele-
gation traveling with Sec-
retary of State George
Shultz on his mission to
Moscow today.
Administration officials
say President Reagan has
privately rejected a re-
quest from Weinberger
that he be included in the
U.S. delegation traveling to
the Geveva summit in
three weeks.
Weinberger's once con-
siderable clout has dimin-
ished because of his contin-
ued ?position to U.S. arms
control policies advocated
by Shultz and the increas-
ingly powerful national se-
curity adviser. Robert
McFarlane.
Insiders say Weinberger
was bitterly opposed to the
White House offer of a
counter-proposal to Soviet
leader Mikhail Gorba-
chev's 50 percent arms re-
duction package.
The defense chief argued
that there is nothing in the
proposal that merited? a
U.S. response other than a
-rhetorical one."
In fact, Reagan's final
decision to offer a counter-
proposal to Moscow last
week was made while
Weinberger and his arms
control adviser, Asst. Secre-
tary of Defense Richard
Perie, were atttending a
NATO conference in Brus-
sels.
The arms control defeat
for Weinberger comes on
the heels of equally bitter
losses on the Pentagon
budget earlier this year
and leaves him alone In-
creasingly frustrated.
Could a resignation be
far behind?
* * *
CIA Director William
Casey: is making some of
his own secret- prepare-
tions for the Geneva sum-
mit in the murky under-
world of U.S. Intelligence.
Cigev. wlp Is (Wetly en-
trenched as one of Presi-
dent magan's most
influential advisers, held a
series of-highlt secret face.
to-lace timelines with KGB
cletectors Ole( Gordiebszy
sad YurI Dzurchenko In
thhilirat month to get first-
Information about
%mist leader Mikhail dor-
bachev.
Dsnrchenho. the No. 5
man in the KGB until his
defection two months ago,
has reportedly provided
"valuable insight" into
Gorbachev and his sudden
rise to power.
Dsurchenho, one of the
most prised defectors in
U.S. history, watched Gor-
bachev rise from a special
vantage point because of
his close ties to former
Soviet leader and. KGB
boss Yuri Andropov.
Gordiebssy, the former
KGB station chief In Lon-
don who defected to Britain
earlier this year, also had
extensive dealings with
Gorbachev last December
during the latter's widely
publicizied tour of London.
Casey flew secretly to
Louden four weeks juip to
interview Gordiebstv,
sources said.
Thiiiaterlal Casej col-
lected from theme rare en-
counters will apparently
be seine Into a lengdy
C.I.A. profile on Gror6achev
that will be didivered to the
White House as Dart of the
final preparation for Rea-
gan's showdown In Geneva.
* * *
FIVE days after the White
House rolled out the red
carpet for four visiting
Soviet journalists, giving
them the first exclusive in-
teview with a U.S. Presi-
dent since the Kennedy
era, a feud is erupting be-
tween the press offices of
the two nations.
Insiders say that mem-
bers of Secretary of State
Shultz delegation are fum-
ing over Soviet denial of a
visa for NBC correspond-
ent Anne Garrets, who had
been schedueled to fly with
Shultz to Moscow this
week.
Miss Garrets, a former
correspondent in Moscow,
had filed a series of hard-
hitting reports on the
Soviet Union that angered
the Kremlin.
A U.S. official said the
denial was unjustified,
especially in view of criti-
cal comments that the four
Soviet journalists who in-
terviewed Reagan made 25X1 A
about the President in the
U.S. media last week.
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II"Approved For Release 2001/12/05 : CIA-RDP90-01137000I
JACK ANDERSON'S
EIZERMIT aTf
LeTUM
October 1985 Update
EXCERPTED
ASK JACK ANDERSON
A Los Angeles, Calif., subscriber writes r!9arding the abandon-
ment of the Miskito Indian fighters in Nicaragua: "You know
as well as I do that Congress cut off the funds to the CIA and
that Congress and not the CIA is to be blamed for this tra-
gedy. Why don't you place the blame where it belorm....4.namelyx
on liberals such as you who have been critical of American sup-
port of the Freedom Fighters in Nicaragua?"
True, Congress discontinued aid to the Contra forces in
Nicaragua after May, 1984. However, in June of this year
Congress voted $27 million in humanitarian aid (food, medicine
and clothing). But my reporter in Central America found
several weeks later that the Misura forces (including
Miskitos) still were receiving poor medical care and food
supplies; several had not received adequate medical treatment
since 1983-84. (Perhaps I should add that I have been a sharp
critic of the Marxist regime in Nicaragua. I support Presi-
dent Reagan's aims if not all his methods.)
FOREIGN OUTLOOK: PASS THE AMMUNITION
Mal de mer. The French government belatedly admitted its
responsibility for the sinking of the anti-nuclear protest
ship Rainbow Warrior, in which one man died. My intelli-
gence sources report a disturbing "So what?" Atituae among
U5. and aill.ed intelligence circles toward what can only be
describea as state-sponsored terrorism. e feeling seems to
be that the French had every right to take drastic action to
protect what they viewed as their national interests. If this
is indeed the attitude of responsible intelligence offia-517C-
that's pie-fty rem.
Continued
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ARTICLE A ii Od For Release 2001/12/05 : CIA-RDP90-01137R0
ON PAGE - WASHINGTON POST
25 August 1985
Jack Anderson and Dale Van Atta
Romania's Defiance
No Soviet bloc nation has been more inde-
pendent than Romania. Its autonomy was dra-
matized last summer when the Romanian dele-
gation proudly marched to the cheers of the
Olympics crowd in Los Angeles?alone among
Russia's allies in refusing to join the boycott.
The maverick responsible for this show of
defiance is Nicolae Ceausescu, who has ruled
Romania with an iron fist since 1965. Yet many
Romanians revere him as an indestructible na-
tional asset.
The fact of his mortality, however, has been
of increasing interest to the CIA. which has
been sending too-secret reports about Ceau-
sescu to President RParig.
The dispatches coming out of Bucharest in-
dicate that the 67-year-old leader is dying of
prostate cancer. According to one classified
prediction, he is not expected to live until
spring.
The key to White House interest in Ceau-
sescuis found in one paragraph of a top-secret
CIA profile: "Although the great powers all,
play an important_part in Ceausescu's thinking,.
he has been very interested in improving with the . He -believes
Romania, which has an 830-mile border with
the USSR, needs powerful friends, if only for
the psychological boost they can provide."
This posture also gives him higher approval
ratings at home. "Ceausescu enjoys a igreatj
- . 0 ? 4
profile says. "His people are highly nationalis-
tic, proud of Romania's continued defiance of
the Russians and admire his ability to exploit
great-power rivalries to promote Romanian na-
tional interests."
Aside from refusing to go along with the
Olympic boycott, Ceausescu publicly opposed
the 1968 Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, the
Vietnamese takeover of Cambodia in 1979, the
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and both Soviet
and American development of space weapons.
When Ceausescu took control of the Romanian
Communist Party 20 years ago, the Soviets in-
correctly assumed he would be a loyal puppet.
After all, he had joined the then-illegal party at
the age of 14, and he was scarcely out of his
teens before he was thrown into jail for eight
years and intermittently tortured for his politics.
But Ceausescu shocked the Soviets a mere
four years after he came to power by becom-
ing the first post-World War II East European
leader to host a U.S. head of state when
he received President Richard Nixon in
Bucharest.
The following year, he flew to New York for
the 25th anniversary of the founding of the
United Nations. He was later received by
presidents Ford and Carter at the White House
and once took a two-week tour of the United
States.
Ironically, the popularity he has amassed in
Bucharest is indirectly the result of his repres-
sive rule. "He has managed to carve out a mea-
sure of independence from Nfoscow, Th
because-fie has insisted on maintaining a. rigid, -
orthodox communist system at home." the CIA
_sas,
But the old man has been slowing down.
Close examination even of touched-up photos
in Romanian newspapers show he is deteriorat-
ing. He is losing weight and appears tired. He
has missed key meetings and even volleyball
games, his favorite form of relaxation. The
word in Bucharest is that his wife, Elena, is.
running the government.
Like most despots, Ceausescu is a nepotist.
His wife serves as first deputy prime minister,
head of Romania's scientific policy-making
body and member of three of the four principal
committees of the Romanian Communist
Party. One son, Nicu, has already been
groomed as his successor. Another son, a?
daughter, three brothers, a sister and two-
brothers-in-law have also been given top,
Romanian honors or positions to ensure a
Ceausescu dynasty.
Meanwhile the CIA_predicts, Ceausescu will.
continue his shrewdly calculated defiance of_
the Soviets. Conclude the analysts;
-Ceausescu knows that the Soviets will tol-
erate Romanian recalcitrance only as long as ?
they do not see it as a serious threat. [His] suc-
cess in following his chosen course is a
measure of his ability to judge correctly the
limits of Soviet tolerance. In playing this
course, he is always running the risk of miscal-
culation."
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r.Trtntalturg.
1
Political Forces
Come Under
New Scrutiny
Of Psychology
NEW YORK TIMES
2 April, 1985
By DANIEL GOLEMAN
I N a recent rapprochement, psychologists and politi-
cal scientists are merging disciplines to form a new
field, political psychology. The mutual interest
. comes from psychologists who are applying their
skills to the political arena and political scientists who are
coming to appreciate the importance of psychology in the
world of politics.
Political psychology is still in the main an academic
discipline rather than an active force in international di-
plomacy or domestic politics. But current research indi-
cates that the discipline can yield valuable information
about Soviet behavior, for example, and the problems in-
herent in a military policy based on deterence. '
Proponents of the discipline assert that it has the
potential of bringing greater clarity and soundness to gov-
ernment decisions and perhaps even of improving the
?
! manner in which governments perceive and deal with
each other. Much of the new psychological interest has
centered on international politics.
"There has been a crucial dimension missing" in poli-
tics, according to Roger Walsh, a
psychiatrist who wrote the book
"Staying Alive: The Psychology of
Human Survival" (New Science Li-
brary). "Crises between nations
have been viewed in political, eco- ?
nomic and military terms, but very
little has been said about the fact that
these problems are also expressions
of psychological needs and fears,
too." .
, PsyChologal elements have al-
ways been conspicuously at work in
- - international relations, but now more
, _ . ? and more psychologists themselves
: are scrutinizing these factors. The issue of deterrence is a
i case in point. The MX missile, whatever its military use-
fulness may be, is often seen as a weapon whose impor-
tance is largely symbolic, more a tool for manipulating
! perceptions than for fulfilling a real military need.
1111111111111
Process of
International
relations has
special.
allure
for
research.
Steven Kull, a psychologist at the Center for Interna-
tional Security and Arms Control at Stanford University,
said that to make a symbolic weapon potent, politicians
must act as if they truly believed that it was a genuine
military tool. A-psychological game ensues in which they
must make public pronouncements that do not agree with
their own military assessments. Along the way they may
find themselves engaging in a kind of psychological "dou-
blethink," managing to hold two antithetical views at the
same time. "Pentagon officials have even publicly admit-
ted this doublethink, but the public seems to have taken it
on, too," Dr. Kull said. "Everyone seems to reconcile the
paradox by imagining that somewhere else there is a
-mass of people for whose benefit it is crucial to maintain
the illusion that we can gain advantage by building these
weapons."
Political psychologists argue that the clear aware-
ness of such mental maneuvering allows for more realis-
tic decision making in response to it. A weapon system
that Is clearly symbolic, for Instance,
! would call for a different response
' than one that had a real military mis-
sion.
I In recent years, a growing list of
eminent psychologists and psychia-
trists have become concerned with In-
ternational relations. Notable among
1 them are B. F. Skinner of Harvard,
! who applies behaviorism to the
causes of the arms race; Robert Jay
Litton of Yale, who has applied pay-
- choanalytic insights to understanding
? the impact of nuclear weapons, and
? Jerome Frank of Johns Hopkins Uni-
? versity, who wrote the book "Sanity
and Survival in the Nuclear Age," an
? early effort to treat world politics in a
. psychological tramewofk. In the 50's,
Erich Fromm exemplified a tradition
in psychoanalysis, dating back to the
early Freudians, which saw an
portant role for psychoanalysis in so-
cia] criticism. Among the growing
number of scholars currently en-
. gaged in the field, Herbert Heiman of
Harvard is applying principles of con- -
flict resolution to the basic disagree-
meat-among Arabs and Israelis in the
1 Middle East.
I Few political scientists, until now,
! have been receptive to the psycholog- -
I ical approach. "Most political scien-
tists are thin on psychology, while
most psychologists are naive about
international politics, but each can
_ profit enormously from the other,".
said Robert Jervis, a political scien-
tist at Columbia University who has
been at the forefront of the merger of
. the- two fields.
Still Viewed- as Untested
- -
!" While psychologists haVe een
quick to embrace politics as a domain
, where their expertise could be useful,
I political scientists as a whole have
been more reticent. "Although politi-
cal psychology is now seen as a legiti-
mate topic in poitical science," Dr.
, Jervis added, "it is still viewed as
untested." Nevertheless, when a pro.:
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25X1A
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CBS EVENING NEWS
11 May 1984
RATHER: Fresh reports tonight that Konstantin Chernenko, top leader of
the Soviet Union, is ill. The 72-year-old Chernenko has been in office
only three months, succeeding the late Yuri Andropov, who died at age 69.
State Department correspondent Bill McLaughlin has been checking these
news reports of Chernenko's illness.
MCLAUGHLIN: Well, Dan, there's certainly no indication that Chernenko is
not completely in charge of the Soviet Union, but intelligence sources do
know he has emphysema, a lung disease, and it may be getting worse. An
indication of that may have come yesterday. Sources in Moscow saw him as
he welcomed the Spanish king and queen. He had to be helped to meet them
by two body guards, who actually supported him, and during the toasts, his
voice faltered and his hands shook. Today again, Chernenko looked quite
ill as he welcomed Portuguese Communist leaders.
RATHER: There's no indication--now I want to emphasize this or at least
get it clear--there's no indication that Chernenko's grip on the
leadership of the Soviet Union is loosening because of what appears to be
this worsening of his illness we've known about for some time.
MCLAUGHLIN: No, not at all, Dan, but certainly his health does seem to be
deteriorating from what we can see, the physical evidence.
RATHER: Thank you very much, Bill McLaughlin, in Washington.
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ARTICLE AP
VI PAGE
Rowland Evans
And Robert Novak
A Soviet
Fear
ampaign
Multiple firings of six unarmed Soviet
missiles_ believed to be intermediate-range
S.S_D3 stunned US. intelligence early last
month, heightening concern that massive
Soviet_nagt1 ecises in the North Atlantic
rthesigneK1 lantiinid-sk_theReat
Officials here differ whether :the United
States was notified about the first-ever
launchings. But there is universal agreement
about these aspects Of the SS20 surprise and
the naval games : both were .unpreeedented
in size., arid scope; both fit new Soviet fear
tactic:9 aim-ad:at Western EuroPe-..L..,
That, *tends a slimmer and fill of ex-
traordinary Soviet maneuvers. The Russians
want to regain the initiative kat last Decem-
ber when NATO installed its new Pershing II
is
rnsdles. They also want to undermine Presi-
dent Reagan as leader of the West and defeat
his reelection bid. That he seems benignly? in-
different may be less a sign of a president's.strength than of a candidate's folly.Multiple firings of unarmed SS20s violate
no Soviet treaty undertaking. But the such,
den discovery that the missiles were on their
way north from launching sites, believed
west of the Urals, came as ashock.
That shock equaled the . tremor : that ?
surged through the Pentagon when the De-
fense Intelligence Agency learned .that
Delta-class Soviet strategic submarines--
armed with nuclear-tipped strategic ballistic
missiles?had sailed with the fleet into the
open Atlantic. "It was a surge of Deltas, the
first ever," one high-level official told us.- -
This, too, happened in early April. The Del-
tas have occasionally sailed far from borne, but
never before have they left their base near
Murmansk on the Kola Peninsula in "a surge"
to join fleet maneuvers in the open ocean.
Top strategists in the Reagan administra-
tion seldom agree on all points, but there is
strong consensus that, as one top official
told us, the Kremlin has made a decision to
"turn up the fear factor to the max." That
implies an ominous shift in Soviet policy to-
ward the United States and its sometimes
W r
reluctant Europexipavisste.ad of-uno
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WASHINGTON POST
9 May 1984
2b).C1A
playing its military power, whi to
stop NATO rearmament, it is trying to ter-
rorize by muscle-flexing.
The shift from Slavic caution to Great
Russian chauvinism seems connected with ,
the -Kremlin's power vacuum. That vacuum
was not filled by the elevation of Konstantin
Chemenko, Leonid Brezhnev's aging crony
who had been ignominiously passed over
when Brezhnev died.
The soundness of Kremlinologist doubts
that Chemenko ever would exert real Dower
was confirmed when the Centrid_Irrtellige_nce
Aggncyjmished win-depth atudy_of Cher-
nenko's health. It found him seriously dis- ?
abled by an emphesyma-like lung disease,
compounded by circulatory problems. _
That opened the door of real power for the.
hardest, of Kremlin hard-liners,. Foreign
Minister Andrei Gromyko, and his collabora-
tor, Defense Minister Dmitri Ustinov, who are
now calling all turns of Soviet foreign policy.
The result has heighteaed the Soviet mili-
tary posture worldwide. In Central Aga, an
awesome aggregation of Soviet bombers Man- I
bled, partly for, action in Afghanistan. Naval
maneuvers along the Vietnam coast signaled
China not to cozy up too close to Reagan. It
worked. Reagan's speeches were censored, and
Chinese military men were excluded from
meetings and festivities during his visit
Not so clear is how Soviet intimidation af-
fects US. allies in Europe, but signals are
troublesome. During Italian Foreign Minis-
ter-Giulio Andreotti's visit in Moscow with
Cherne.nko, he was warned point-blank by
Gromyko not to forget that the Soviet Union '
could create "a Pompeii" out of all Italy.
Days later, Italian Prime Minister Bettina
Craxi suggested a possible moratorium in
the NATO nuclear buildup. . -?
Desiring to shed all bellicosity and appear
a man of peace in seeking-reelection, Reagan
may be making a mistake by ignoring the
Kremlin's shift. Asked at his last press con-
ference about the Soviet naval exercise, he
made light of it as "nothing more" than the.
usual springtime war games.
More than most, President Reagan should
know his remark was nonsense. Treating
voters as too delicate to know the truth
could be downright dangerous by inadvert-
ently helping.4..the Gromyko-Ustinov cern- .!
paign to overawe the West.
elf49, Neva Group Chicago, Inc,
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AMI CLE
.01i PAGE
WASH I NGTON POST
27 Apri.1 1984
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Hirohito Held
In Awe by CIA,
Japanese Public
When Emperor Hirohito steps out
on the balcony of his palace in
downtown Tokyo this Sunday to
greet thousands of adoring Japanese
on his 83rd birthday, there'll be a
CIA agent in the crowd?probably
with binoculars.
Ifs one of the ways the CIA's Life
Sciences Division can observe- first-
hand how the diminutive emperor
looks. There have been recent hints
that his health is failing.
Though he holds no direct polit-
ical power, Hirohito has been a fa-
vorite subject of CIA surveillance for
decades. My associate Dale Van
Atta, who was recently in Tokyo, has
had access to some of the secret CIA
profiles of the emperor. They reveal
that the CIA's remorseless analysts,
like the Japanese people, hold this
aged, bespectacled little man in awe.
"Despite all he has been through
since he assumed the throne in
1926," notes the CIA, "Emperor
Hirohito projects innocence and sin-
cerity." The CIA describes him as "a
shy, retiring man." _
He and his 81-year-old empress
like to watch soap operas on TV and
putter in the imperial_gattiens. "Both
the emperor and empress [enjoy pur-
suing] their personal interests?ma-
rine biology and botany for the em-
peror, art for the empress,' states
another profile, this one stamped
"Confidential." In fact, Hirohito is
the world's chief authority on jelly-
fish and related creatures, with 16
books to his credit.
According to the CIA, the emper-
or "is briefed regularly on domestic
and foreign affairs." Yet he "plays no
part in policy decisions." There have
been proposals to make him chief of
state, but "most Japanese would not
like to see him take on any more
than his present symbolic role.'
? The CIA acknowledges "a few
complaints from Younger Japanese"
about Hirohito, -but little audible
grumbling about the cost of main-
taining .the imperial household, now
more than $40 million a year.
"By and large," states the CIA,
"most Japanese still view the emper-
or with considerable _respect and af-
fection? One reason: He 'has trav-
eled widely among the people, some-
thing a Japanese emperor had never
done before."
At first, the Japanese had 'grave
doubts about the image the emperor
would project' in the United States.
But his reception during his 1975
visit to this country "greatly ex-
ceeded even the most optimistic Jap-
anese expectations?
_The CIA 'believes the visit contrib-
uted'significantly to popular Pap-
_
anese] support for continued &op-
eration with the U.S. [and] opening
an era of 'good feelings' in U.S.gap-
anese relations." _
Characteristically, Hirohito gs. '
pressed his approval of America tfot
in words but with a gesture.For
years afterward, he wore a Mickey
Mouse watch that be picked upLin
Disneyland. _
Hirohito is the 124th emperorrin
Japan's unbroken, 2,644-yearsold
imperial line. When he ascended)10
the throne in 1926, he -was:ese
"tenno"?the 'emperor of heaven.".
The Japanese considered him a god.
When the Japanese warlords
sought his approval for tbe-attacicon, .1
Pearl Harbor, according to on-.
count, Hirohito voiced his appat'ent
disapproval by reciting a 31-syllable
poem composed by his grandfailiii,
extolling universal brotherhood 'and
asking: "Why, then, do winds 464 -
Water of conflict ....disturb pe:ice
among us?" ?
The warlords went ahead valh
their plans anyway, and older Arr.(e,r-
icans will remember Hirohito al_Fa
villain in propaganda cartoons, With
buck teeth and Coke-bottle eye-
glasses, features that took their place
with Adolf Hitler's mustache iind
Hermann Goering's potbelly.
The emperor was able to mike .
this image after the war. Today,
Hirohito remains the only?and Vet-
haps the unlikeliest,,survivorv-4
World War II's leaders. . -
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ARTICLE APPEARED
, ?
CIA No Longer
Well Informed
About Kremlin
The press has reported, quite cor-
rectly, that U.S. intelligence was
caught asleep at the switch by the
death of Kremlin leader Yuri V. An-
dropov arid his replacement by Kon-
stantin U. Chernenko.
An insider admitted to me that
the CIA wasn't sure whether Andro-
pov was dead or alive during his last
days. The first signs of his passing
were noticed by The Washington
Post's Moscow correspondent, Dusko
Doder. The Post alerted U.S. gov-
ernment officials several hours be-
fore the first intelligence sightings
reached Washington.?
After Chernenko had already been
anointed, the CIA's Kremlinologists
were still predicting that Mikhail
Gorbachev would be the new Soviet
leader. Not until Chernenko ap-
peared as head of the funeral com-
mission did the CIA conclude that
he had emerged as chief comrade.
_He had been a low fourth ,on its list
of likely prospects. ?
How could America's multibillion-
dollar intelligence apparatus be
scooped by a lone journalist? Does
'this mean our intelligence system
can't be relied upon to monitor the
WASHINGTON POST
27 February 1984
decisions and actions of the Soviet
leadership?
In search of the answers, I exam-
ined more than 50 classified docu-
ments, ranging from "Confidential"
to "Top-Secret Umbra." I also con-
sulted top CIA officials, both past
and present "
They concede that the CIA has no
direct pipelines into the Politburo
and few informants behind the grim,
fortress-like walls of the Kremlin.
They blame this on former president
Jimmy Carter; who virtually wiped
out the CIA's human-intelligence
network within the Soviet Union.
One insider, trying to explain Car-
ter's action, suggested that he prob-
ably believed "high-tech intelligence
had made old-fashioned intelligence
obsolete." Another source just
shrugged and said: "I think Carter
felt this kind of espionage 'was im-
moral?
Yet despite its blind spots, the
United States has the best techno-
logical intelligence in the world. U.S.
agencies can intercept messages,
break codes, monitor conversations
and photograph just about every-
thing that appears on the Soviet sur-
face. Some photographs are detailed
enough to identify a bolt in a Soviet
tank.
Because the old men of the Krem-
lin have been in power for decades,
the 'CIA has also had time to inves-
tigate their backgrounds and analyze
their behavior thoroughly. The CIA
computers can summon up detailed
information about any Soviet leader.
The agency has been able to diag-
nose their health, for example, with
uncanny accuracy.
Last July--long before the world
had any inkling that Andropov was
seriously ill?I was able to write:
"Andropov's days are numbered, and
he knows it My CIA sources are bet-
ting that he will die within a year.
That's how bad his - health
is. . Anciropov's tenure as top
man in the Kremlin could be the
shortest in Soviet history."
Classified CIA reports, which de-
scribed Andropov down to the miss-
ing part of his right eyebrow, warned
that he would be "a formidable ad-
versary," skilled in political intrigue,
perfectly willing to use violence and
_ terror, dedicated _to Marxist dogma,
"ruthless," and "cunning."
In contrast; top-secret reports de-
scribe Chernenko as a master bu-
reaucrat, skilled at "handling paper
work.' Unlike Andropov, who sought
to put his own stamp on the Polit-
buro, Chernenko is expected to func-
tion more as "chairman of the
board." In the words of the CIA, he'll
be "responsible for seeing to it that
Politburo decisions are carried out?
that is, as the top civil servant of the
Politburo, not as its master."
Given his advanced age and frail
health (he's 72 and is reported to
have emphysema), Chernenko will
be another interim leader.
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UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL
17 February 1984
WAVERLY, IOWA
Iowa-Choice
American voters choose their leaders by deciding which candidate most
closely mirrors their own personality, a study by a Wartburg College professor
has found.
"If you feel the candidate has qualities you admire and like to see in
yourself, you'll probabaly support him regardless of whether he is a Democrat or
Republican," said Dan Thomas, an associate professor of political science.
In his study, Thomas said, he asked a group of voters to determine what their
"ideal selves" were and then asked them to rate presidential candidates from
the 1976 election.
He based his comparisons on a list of 50 words ranging from "old fashioned"
to "shrewd." The voters first picked the words that applied to themselves then
chose words that applied to Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter.
Results showed voter support went to the candidate with whom the voter felt a
closer identification.
"The subjects decided how closely each of those adjectives described their
Ideal selves," he said. "Their ideal selves influenced their political
support."
Thomas has authored a number of reports on _political behavior and was once
sgmght by the CIA to__work_up personality assessments of foreign leaders. He
declined, saying he was reluctant to leave the academic world for the CIA.
?
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tarier.az artaum
QV
WASHINGTON POST
11 August 19 83
Long-Distance
Analysis Finds
Castro Changing
Fidel Castro, the unruly ruler ? of
Ck.iba and the godfather of Marxist
revolutions in the Americas, has
been undergoing long-distance psy-
choanalysis by U.S. intelligence ex-
perts for almost a quarter .of a cen- ?
wry. Along with the gray hairs that
are overtaking his beard, he has dis-
played certain changes in behavior.
For instance:
? Once a boozer and womanizer,
Castro has now become something of
an ascetic. Vodka and rum no longer
seem to give him the same stimula-
tion. He has even cut down on his
beloved cigars. And the women who
once shared his private life ' have
died. His work has become his true
. mistress, the psychological analysts
have concluded.
? On July 26, 1953, Castro led a
group of students in a dangerous,
FjrnosI suicidal attack on a govern-
ment barracks. The failed attempt
resulted in death for most of the reb-
els a.nd imprisonment for Castro. To
the analysts, the suicidal nature of
the attack demonstrated his willing-
ness to take desperate risks. But he
has now become more canny and
cautious. At the massing of U.S. mil-
itary power in Central America, for
example, he began sending up con-
ciliatory smoke signals.
? In the 1950s, Castro burst into
the communist world still an un-
formed entity, a flamboyant figure
among drab, almost anonymous
Marxist leaders, an unguided missile
apt to veer off in any trajectory. He
chafed over the rigidity of _commu-
nist dogma and bristled when the
Kremlin tried to tell him What to do.
But today he is a hard-bitten, cal-
culating communist who is regarded
by the Kremlin as a most depend-
able puppet. ?
The grim communist experience,
however, has not put out the fire in
Castro. He remains a looming pres-
ence on 1..he international scene by
virtue of a dramatic flair and a ge-
-nius for propaganda. He has a ten-
dency to present himself to the
world in a series of triumphal
speeches, with rhetoric that ? raises
the hair on the back of the neck. -
The psychoanalysts admire his
incredible memory for detail. He
rumbles and roars for, hours at a
time, artfully composing his speeches
as he goes, without notes or Tele-
PrompTer. He has the oratorical
artillery, the brains and the guile to
create a great deal of mischief when-
ever a fortuitous conjunction of
- events arises.
Castro's personal life fascinates
- the analysts. He was born from a
union of a middle-class man and the
Castro family maid. He went to a
Roman Catholic school, then to uni-
versity and law school, where he re-
portedly carried a gun and was a
campus bully.
He was also something of a rake.
He drank heavily, smoked great
quantities of cigars and had many
transient love affairs. Though -he
never married, he fathered a son by
an unidentified mistress.
Castro had at least one lasting,
intimate relationship. Celia Sanchez
was close to him in the earliest days.
of the revolution, and became both
lover and confidante.
Sanchez died in 1980, and there
are reports that Castro has never
completely recovered from her -
death. Not only was she a human-
izing influence on him, but he now
has few people he can trust the way
he trusted Sanchez.
The only other woman known to
be close to Castro, Santa Maria,
committed suicide the same year,
reportedly in despair over the direc-
tion the revolution had taken.
Two things have. dominated Cas?
tro's life: his overwhelming ambition
and his hatred of the United States.
More than two decades of hostility
and plotting by U.S. presidents have
helped to give Castro an exalted sta-
tus among Yankee-hating nations
that he would not otherwise have. So
while he hates us, he depends on our
enmity to further his dreams of big-
ger things.
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r 7771 7 APPEARED. 7-1 THE NE?.;7 YORK TIMES MAGAZINE
PAGE. 30 May 1983
ON THE COUCH IN HE
CAPITAL
By Sandra McElwain*
Washington has the deserved reputation of being a
hard-working, early-rising town, and among the earli-
est risers are some of the approximately 1,200 psychia-
trists in the metropolitan area who minister to the
powerful and famous before their official working days
begin_
?
By 6 A.M., just as dawn begins to break over the Poto-
mac, long black limousines and some more modest
vehicles begin delivering policy makers and pundits for
45-minute sessions with their therapists.
Nowhere is this early morning activity more frenetic
than at 3000 Connecticut Avenue, an apartment building
across from the National Zoo. Referred to locally as the
"Freud Hilton," it houses 50 or more psychiatrists, psy-
chologists and clinical social workers, more than there
are in some states ? Wyoming, for instance ? and is
the home of the District of Columbia Insitute of Mental
Hygiene, a private clinic that treats lower-income peo-
ple.
When highly recognizable figures ? politicicinc lob-
byists, journalists ? meet in its elevators, hallways or
waiting rooms, they studiously ignore one another.
They may have rubbed shoulders, even exchanged
words, at cocktail or dinner parties the night before, but
at 3000 Connecticut Avenue a flicker of recognition sel-
dom passes between them.
Ironically and simultaneously, Washington is a city of
celebrity and anonymity, abounding in political and
media heavies and hundreds of unknown but often influ-
ential career bureaucrats. Both conditions create their
own psychological problems, compounded by the politi-
cal necessity of secrecy when difficulties reach the
stage where professional help is needed. Seeing a thera-
pist in Washington can be a touchy business for influen-
tial individuals who fear that their futures can be
thwarted, even aborted, by the revelation.
So great is the fear, several psychotherapists report,
that some patients covered by Government _health in-
Sandra McElwaine is a Washington-based writer.
surance prefer to pay for
their visits OUT .of private
funds rather than have their
bosses know they are -under-
going treatment. 'When Sena-
Triomas F. Eagleton con-
firmed stories that he had
been hospitalized and re-
ceived electric shock treat-
ments for nervous exhaustion
and depression during the
1050's, he was deemed a polit-
ical. liability and dropped as
George McGovern 's running
mate in 1972. And Daniel Elis-
berg, the former consultant
in the -Departments of De-
fense and State and the Rand
Corporation who leak "The
Pentagon Papers" ,,tt The
New 'York Times, became a
target of the Watergate
"plumbers" who broke into
his psychiatrist's office in
1971 in a.n attempt to obtain
his file and use the material
in it to discredit
in a high-powered city of
super achievers: many of
whose careers depend on an
untarnished public image, a
climate of fear surrounds any
form of psychiatric treat-
ment, Politicians are afraid
to admit they have psycholog-
ical problems because the
knowledge might shatter the
confidence of the voters back
borne; members of the W-nite
House, Cabinet and sub-Cabi-
net staffs are afraid it might
lose them their jobs; lawyers,
their clients; join-nalists,
their credibility. -
Most vulnerable, perhaps,
are intelligence operatives,
whose secretive jobs enforce
an isolation that often robs
mem of the ability to trust
anyone, even menabers of
their families. When they re-
quire treatment, their cases
are handled by a small group
of doctors with special se-
curiry clearances who protect
the agents' identities and any
information they might re-
yeal .
But the capital also
abounds with persons privy to
national and international se-
crets of lesser sensitivity,
persons whose decisions often
affect the futures of corpora-
tions, institutions and mil-
lions of individuals at home
and abroad. The burden of re-
sponsibility can become un-
bearable, particularly when
piled on top of existing per- /
problems.
*** * * * *
The mental-health prob-
lems of Foreign Service offi-
cers are dealt with by in-
house State Department psy-
chotherapists, who are re-
quired to pass the same kind
of security Clearance as other
personnel in sensitive posi-
tions. Before diplomats are
sent overseas, a staff of men-
tal-health professionals is
available to prepare them
and their families to live as
normal a life abroad as possi-
ble. In addition, psychiatrists
are headquartered overseas
in six regional areas, each of
which has a program tailored
to fit the circumstances of the
particular iocale. In general,
the troubles they deal with
are the same as anywhere
else ? depression, school
problems, family difficulties
? but now they must also
deal with problems arising
from fears of terrorism,
bombings and assassination.
CO.N7ZYLTD
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THE W.ASHTNGTON POST
15 May 1983
?
ARTICLE
ON PACT, 5-7
Jack Anderson
A King in Danger
U.S. policy toward Morocco's King
Hassan has grown more openly cordial
during the Reagan administration, with
the airn of strengthening an old and
trusted ally. But this may prove to be a
mistake. In the subtle world of Arab
politics, Uncle Sam's warm embrace
could be the kiss of death for Hassan. ,
It's known as the "Sadat syndrome," !
after the late Egyptian president, who ?
lost popularity among his countrymen.
and other Arab statts by becoming too
cozy with the United States.
There is also -the possibility that
Hassan may not be getting much in re-
turn forrisking his credibility at home.
Recent US. assurances may have
misled the king into believing he'll get
more military aid than the United
States is, in fact, ready to deliver.
Much of the U.S. aid has gone to
help Morocco in its dragging, six-year
war against the leftist Polisario rebels
fighting to force Hassan to give up the
Western Sahara, which he seized in
1980. Though the Polisarios have suf-
fered serious setbacks recently and are ,
in no position to win, many U.S. ana-
lysts doubt that Hassan can win either.
Officially, the United States is neutral ;
in the, conflict But sources told my as-
sociates, Donald Goldberg and Dale Van
Atta, that the Reagan administrationl
has been far from neutral. For example: '
? Delivery of cluster bombs has
been expedited for use in the desert
War.
? US. training and military equip-
ment have been provided.
? American Embassy officials, in-
cluding Defense Intelligence Agency
personnel, regularly accompany visit-
ing U.S. delegations to the Western
Sahara war zone.
? The United States has even given ?
the Moroccans intelligence information
on the Polisarios' movements in the
Western Sahara.
The result of all this, sources say, is
exaggerated Moroccan expectations of
U.S. support and a distrust of our in-
tentions by other nations in the region.
A secret CIA profile of Hassan de-
scribes a growing estrangement be-
tween the king and his subjects. Where
once -he would ride a white horse
through _the crowds atireligious observ-
ances, he rarely makes such vulnerable
:public appearances now.
., The reason is simple: a series of close
calls during the 1970s. ,
In 1971, his top generals tried to kill
Hassan during his birthday celebra-
tion. A loyal major, Muhammad Ouf-
_kir, foiled the coup attempt.
A year later, three Moroccan Air
Force F5 fighters tried to, shoot .down
Hassan's plane as he was returning
from .a trip to France.
The once-loyal Oufkir was impli-
cated in that 1972 plot, and may have
been executed, though the official ver-
sion is that he committed suicide.
Hassan has been understandably sus-
picious of his military leaders ever since.
Last Jan. 25, tren_ Ahmed Dlimi, the
king's longtime chief of security, was re-
ported killed in a car accident; but key
witnesses apparently disappeared and
evidence was suppressed. A few days
later, another of the king's aides was
killed under equally mysterious circum-
stances. Western intelligence sources ,
speculated that Hassan, habitually sus- ?
ceptible to rumors, was purging his top
militan, command in fear of another '
coup attempt. -
Certainly the king has become more
security conscious and less tolerant of op-
position. Many who made the mistake of
criticizing the monarch are reportedly be-
hind bars
Suspicion and distrust permeate the
royal entourage. "Rivalry and the jousting
for position often pit family against
family in the royal court, and intrigue
and rumors abound," the secret CIA pro-
file notes. "As the king is influenced by
this gossip, the atmosphere is often such
that efficient functioning at the top level
of the bureaucracy is simply smothered."
Despite the soaring cost of food and
oil imports and the country's appalling
unemployment?one out of three adult
males is without a job?Hassan still
lives like a king. Corruption among
Moroccan officials is_endemic.
In short, Hassan is vulnerable
enough to criticism without being em-
barrassed by public displays of affec-
.::,tion from the Reagan administration.
- ' And secret Pentagon and congres-
. sional assessments question whether
Morocco is the strategic keystone that
justifies US. support of Hassan. in
, their view, Morocco is a useful but not
? absolutely vital transit base for the
US. Rapid Deployment Force.
? There is a real danger that the ad? -
ministration's open support for Hassan
? may cost him his throne.
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Cr,
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THE WASHINGTON PCT
2.2 Decernber 1982
play diplomatic hardball. His public tehti Of one leIt7erie- the Jordanian
Huss.ein. Again image is polished, meticulously po- press before Reagan even received it
lite and controlled. But a turbulent But Reazen and his_aides are not
Holds the Reins . persoreility seethes behind this dis - likely ,toerevea:1 their Pique to the
? ciplined royal image. , . king this- week -Not only is HU884111
On a President Acco 'rding to intelligence sources, crucial-to the success of the presi-
-Jordan's King Hussein:* -playing
cateindemouse:zame:,7Witli.::Presie
ent Reagan:
The dought,,.? -little monarch, as
usue'..., has worked his way into po-
snon have a US. president eating
out of his hand. This is all the more
as--onis.einz because, the king has
bombarded Reszan with bizarre,.
lengthy, personal-letters. One was so
rude that no response was made.
Hussein is now the president's
pampered guest in Washington. His
little Bedouin kingdom is situated
strategically. ..right at the center of
Reagan's Middle East peace plan
Without Hussein, Reagan would
have a peace table with no one sit-
ting. at it.
Reagan sees the Eng as a possible
strategic pe-ecner, and is ready to
offer him fa generous gift of arms.
But intelligence reports desaibe
Hussein as "uncomfortable" with this
role and hesitant to sit down at the
bargaining table. He would like the
military aid without the -strategic
honor.
The last four presidents have
learned that Hussein is an erratic
but wily ruler who knows bow to
he has severe mood swings and may . dent's Middle Best peace plan, but
even be a manic-depressive.lie likes he . has 'once again bep.m:blowing
o ce4taiisai*OnTer13004.-194.1akiseit4terthrgitt-A-i,;.;.
..that would,quiverrhe
ackles
diplona- at'S trousers. 4palen.kbtAisited -Moscow and heaped
He once wrote a sec-et letter to praise_on the Soviets. -Ata May 26,
President Nixon threatening .to go- =4961, dinner in thie:Kremlin. the
on eghazour unless he got U.S. aid. king repeatedly -referred to Leonid
A ghaeou is a Bedouin mid_ori a 3Breelpnev as.a "dear.friend" and ex-
neighboring tribe. 'Vie might have to. airesteed.?4rofoond -Erna-Weed= . .
go on a ghazou, an old Arab tribal:, ,-ite--daFal-oPine and-conecildating the
custom, and get it, Sir, from some:?,....ieliations between our comtries.r...
quarter or other in this neighbor- : Bven .roore .dircressing to the Rea- .
hood.," he wrote, "possibly causing _-_,447 administration _eras Hussein's
you a problem which may be even praiieZaf2-1.1ik:Soviet,peace plan for --
more serious than the one I am Pow- ?theNtiddle,4ai:.,.Theaing told the
Peeing.' -7-that elebeiiee welcomed _their
_
? .
Hussein fired off an equally Lai* --?,rpeoPbeal:to convene an-intematione '
letter to President Ford. If the Unite conference on the.Near T.est with
ed States didn't provide Jordatilivith [the-Palestine,I;iiheitation Organize
-
$350 million worth of anti-aircraft . tionj taking part..pn?an equal basis
missiles, he told the president, Jor- with the, other side!? ?Husseit then
dan would buy them from the Soviet proceeciei :to joint comp:1u-
Union. And he pointedly noted that nique_ with the Soviets :that made --
the Soviets had offered him a corn- repeated'favorable references to the
plete air defense system, which he "international conference:"
eventually bought - U.S. _zeiiiain confident
? Sources told my reporters Lucette -/haCHilisein .not --switch elle-
Lagriado and Andrea Siegle- that giances, but the suimixtiacrafron is
Hussein has continued to write blis- hedging its bet by attempting to Pe-
tering, at times offensive, letters to gotiate a new arms deal for Jorden-
preaidente Reagan administration The package includes advanced US. ,
irritation reached a new high last fighter-bombers_ end is expected to
? -year when the king released the con-trigger,e'figlirrif.Vongrke+.
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25X4A
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RADIO 1V REPORTS, INC.,
4701 WILLARD AVENUE, CHEW CHASE, MARYLAND 20815 656-4068
FOR
PUBLIC AFFAIRS STAFF
PPOGRAIvI The Charlie Rose Show
DATE
SUBJECT
STATION WRC-TV
October 13, 1982 10:30 A.M. ON Washington, D.C.
Admiral Stansfield Turner
CHARLIE ROSE: Admiral Stansfield Turner has had a
record of extraordinary accomplishment in his life. He was a
brilliant scholar, a Rhodes scholar. He went on to become an
admiral in the Navy. President Carter appointed him as Director
of the CIA.
In 1981, January 20th, you left government to become a
private citizen and a consultant. When you looked at the world
in 1981, January, how did you size it up? What were the relative
sensitive points? How were we doing in contrast to the Soviets
and the Chinese?
ADMIRAL TURNER: I think, Charlie, that one of the major
factors was the Third World, the countries in Latin America,
Africa, Asia, were becoming increasingly important to this
country. We had focused our intelligence, much of our foreign
policy for many years almost exclusively on the Soviet Union and
its activities. We have to begin shifting our attention.
Secondly, there were problems developing, even then,
with our allies. We weren't paying enough attention to their
attitudes and outlooks. The Europeans in particular. And that's
become worse since 1981. We need, I believe, in the future to
pay more attention to consulting with, understanding, and working
closely with our allies if we're going to keep those
relationships.
I think those are two of the principal trends.
ROSE: I want to come to the relationship with the
allies and the pipeline decision. But first the Soviet Union.
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Approved For Release 2001/12/05 : CIA-RDP90-01137R0001
/RADIO TV REPORTS, IN
4701 WILLARD AVENUE, CHEW CHASE, MARYLAND 20815 656-4068
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FOR
PROGRAM
DATE
SUBJECT
PUBLIC AFFAIRS STAFF
Jack Anderson Confidential
September 25, 1982 7:30 P.M.
Profile of Begin
STATION WJLA-TV
ABC Network
Washington, D.C.
JACK ANDERSON: The man in the world's spotlight this
week is Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin. In 1978 he won
the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in establishing peace with
Egypt. Today he stands widely condemned as a warmonger for the
invasion of Lebanon. Many of his own countrymen hold him
responsible for the massacre of Palestinians under Israel.i
protection.
What manner of man is Begin? I went to Israel last
month to seek the answer. I questioned some of his intimate
associates. One was Schmuel Katz, a former comrade in arms
who has turned against Begin.
SCHMUEL KATZ: I think that he has -- he has his phases
He has a good deal of warmth in him, and he can also be very
cold.
ANDERSON: Perhaps the best assessment of Begin has been
compiled by the Central Intelligence Agency. Here's a composite
of this secret psychological profile. Let me read from it:
"Begin is an'outspoken and somewhat crude or unrefined
representative of the Holocaust philosophy. He represents the
mentality of those Jews unable to update the Nazi treatment of
their brethren."
Is it possible, some critics have charged, that Begin
has adopted the methods of the Nazis he so bitterly hated?
Here's what Katz has to say.
KATZ: He was particularly concerned about the
possibility of lauss of ii but
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Imelda and the generals
The ambition of President Ferdinand Marcos's influential wife. Imelda, to succeed
him will almost certainly be thwarted by the armed forces chiefs. This emerges from
secret messages of the Central Intelligence Agency obtained by FOREIGN REPORT.
"Mrs Marcos can be expected to become one of many candidates to succeed her
husband, and her manoeuvring will add greatly to the political turmoil and instability
that will follow his departure," one CIA report predicts. But it will not be easy,
according to this report, because her "political coterie" does not include any
influential military leaders.
"Much of her power is based on her husband's authority and on'the belief among
both foreigners and Filipinos that she is able to influence his decisions." Her
political organisation is "largely made up of media people and businessmen, plus a
scattering of politicians and a few military men. Most are sycophants seeking
protection-.
The CIA believes that her strongest opponent is the defence secretary, Juan Ponce
Emile. "She regards Erwile, a longtime Marcos confidant with strong support in the
military, as the principal threat to her ambitions," a secret report says.. "Since -the
early days of martial law, Enrile has been widely considered the most obvious
successor to Marcos, and there is a long-standing deep perSonal antagonism between
Mrs Marcos and him." -
When- Marcos planned a purge of corruption in government, Imelda added her
own contributions to the purge list, hoping to protect some of her supporters in the
armed forces who were threatened with dismissals while; purging some of Enrile's
friends. Marcos pulled back from the purge under military pressure because, the CIA
says, the generals asserted that -there was no reason why 'they should be publicly
humiliated for corruption while many of the president's relatives were equally
tainted.
The CIA reports that Mrs Marcos "is hot well-regarded by. senior officers", that
their loyalty to the president "does not extend to Mrs Marcos" and that many "do
not like her".
The CIA has learnt that a group of senior military- officers has been making plans
for a post-Marcos government that would exclude his wife. When it appeared that
Marcos was going to nominate his wife as his successor, Enrile was quoted as saying
privately: "We members of 'the group' must keep our heads down and our mouths
shut. Unless we do, we will not survive." The CIA said, in this, report, that Enrile-
would have to "smile and do what is necessary and stay alive".
Another CIA cable quotes a Filipino army officer as saying that "if Marcos dies
before she does, and she makes her anticipated bid for the presidency, then as surely
as night follows day, we will get rid of her. (We) could no iolerate.her running the
country." Two other military officers were quoted in the same cabfe as saying that if
Marcos were to die, the armed forces would oppose Mrs Marcos and "she would be
ordered to leave the country immediately". _ _
Mrs Marcos is aware of her weakness and has been trying to develop a military
following by courting some officers and by working through their wives, one of the
CIA reports says. But most of her friends "are opportunists who want her help in
protecting their economic interests. Few of them carry much weight in the military,
and they would not necessarily support her in a bid for th.e presidency".
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Marcos, who is 65, .has been giving a free rein to his 52-year-old wife by appointing
her as a roving ambassador, minister of human settlements and governor of the
greater Manila area. Her desire for the Manila post stemmed from her belief that she
needed to demonstrate her ,administrative talents, according to the CIA, and "her
husband acceded to the idea after a well-orchestrated L 'popular appeal' stage-
managed by Mrs Marcos's Manila clique". The CIA believes that Manila's middle
and lower classes have.never liked the Marcos clan and Imelda has not been able to
win them over.
0 During his recent visit to Washington, Marcos insisted in private talks that he did
not intend his wife to succeed him. His views might not, however, be taken into
account in the turmoil of the post-Marcos Philippines.
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FOR
PROGRAM
pAs
Jack Anderson Confidential
gmlorq WJLA-TIT
ABC Network
DATE October 2, 1982 7:30 P.M. CITY Washington, D.C.
SUBJECT
Ariel Sharon
JACK ANDERSON: A smoldering question mark hangs over
Israel today: Who is to blame for the massacre of Palestinian
refugees? This question will be examined by a board of inquiry.
But I've spoken to sources in Israel who know what happened.
They tell me that two men are responsible for unleashing the
Phalangists. The two are Prime Minister Menachem Begin and
Defense Minister Ariel Sharon.
Of course, they didn't approve the massacre. But
Israeli intelligence warned in advance that it could happen.
Many Israeli officials the real culprit is Sharon. Tay-tell me
that Sharon pushed Israel into a war that could have been
avoided, that Sharon has now disgraced the Israeli Army.
I spent an evening with Sharon last month at his ranch.
He made it clear that he didn't like restrictions.
ARIEL SHARON: When a Jew was killed, immediately we
were asked to show self-restraint. I mean from all around the
world we got requests, "Please show self-restraint." And believe
me, we showed self-restraint for a long time.
_ ANDERSON: Sharon. also tried_ to justify his military
actions in Lebanon.
SHARON: Since the war started in 1975 between the PLO
-t-efrori-st-organization and the Christians, the number of-people
killed in Lebanon was over 100,000 dead and over 300,000 wounded.
ANDERSON: I've had access to the CIA's secret
psychological profile of Sharon. It uses words like brilliant,
ruthless Aliao Ara tR%16%sl' o6lt7f265i diAW3p90 _6 437m60 IOObt stands
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