EXCERPTS FROM SUMMIT REMARKS BY REAGAN AND GORBACHEV

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90-00552R000505370005-8
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 13, 2010
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: October 13, 1986
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

Approved For Release 2010/09/13: CIA-RDP90-00552R000505370005-8
A10
The Iceland Summit: How Leaders See It
THE NEW YORK TMS, MONDAY, OCTOBER i3, 1986
Excerpts From Summit
Mr. Reagan
, Following are excerpts from Presi-
dent Reagar?'s departure address at
Keflavik Air Buse in Iceland yester-
day, Oa recorded by The New York
Times:
Thank you very much, Ambassador'
Ruwe, men and women of our armed
forces and my' fellow Americans.
. Thank you all; it's good to feel so at
home. -
And I want to apologize for being so
late. As you know, general Secretary
Gorbachev and I were to have con-
eluded our talks at noon after more
than seven and a half hours of meet-
Angs over the last two days. But when
Ithe hour for departure arrived, we
both felt that further discussions
Would be valuable.
So I called Nancy and told her I
wouldn't be home for dinner. She said
she understood. In about sbt and a
half hours NI find out.
Now, the talks we've just concluded
were hard and tough, and yet I have
to say extremely useful. We spoke
about arms control, human rights
and regional conflicts.
And, of course, Mr. Gorbachev and
I were frank about our disagree-
ments. We had to be. In several criti-
cal areas, we made more progress
than we anticipated when we came to
Iceland. We ineved toward agree-
ment on drastically reduced numbers
of intermediate-range nuclear mis-
siles in both Europe and Asia,
One Area of Disagreement.
We approached agreement on
sharply reduced strategic arsenals
for both our countries. We made
progress in the area of nuclear test-
ing. But there remained at the end of
our talks one area of disagreement.
. While both sides seek reduction in
the number of nuclear missiles and
warheads threatening the world, the
Soviet Union insisted that we sign an
? agreement that would deny to me and
the future Presidents for 10 years the
right to develop, test and deploy a de-
fense against nuclear missiles for the
people of the free world. This we
could not and will not do. ,
, So late this afternoon I made to the
,General Secretary an entirely new
proposal: a 10-year delay in deploy-
ment of S.D.I. in exchange for the
complete elimination of all ballistic
missiles from the respective arsenals
of both nations.
So long as both the United States
;and the Soviet Union prove their good
faith by destroying nuclear missiles
year by year, we would not deploy
;S.D.!. The Genera) Secretary said he
would consider our offer, but only if
we restricted all work on S.D.!. to
laboratory research, which would
liave killed our defensive shield.
- We came to Iceland to advance the
cause of peace, and though we put on
,the table the most far-reaching arms,
control proposal in history, the Gen-
eral Secretary rejected it. However,
:we made great strides in Iceland in
resolving most of our differences, and
we're going to continue the effort.
' Visit to Base
' But this brings me to my main rea-
son in coming to Keflavik today: to
see you all and express my gratitude,
.gratitude for a job well done.
1 I hope you all know the importance
of your mission here. Iceland has al-
ways held a strategic position in the
marks by Reagan and Gorbachev
Mr. Gorbachev
Following are excerpts from the statement by the Soviet leader, Mikhail S.
Gorbachev, at his news conference yesterday in Reykjavik, Iceland, as re-
corded by The New York Times.
Our meeting with the President of ' I'm speaking not just about intentions
the United States of America is ended ' but about facts ? we have been doing,
? the meeting with President Rea- everything to help a new thinking to
gan. emergeAnmiany itpai this nuclearhatw i l e g
The meeting lasted a little more 1 age.
The list ef
than we had expected, had planned. those specific actions that the Soviet
That was because we had business to Union has undertaken based on the
transact, letter and spirit of the accords
Now the meeting has ended. And reached with President Reagan at
sometimes they say that when you Geneva.
stand face to face with someone you And still, and now I am coining to
cannot see his face. So I have just left the motives by which we decided to
the place where we've had that meet- propose to have this meeting in Reyk-
ing, and particularly the last stages of javik. The hopes that major changes
,that meeting, the debates were very would take place in the international
pointed, and I'm still very much environment, the hopes that all of us-
under the impression of those discus- entertained after my Meeting with
?sions, those debates. President Reagan, I would say, put it
And se I will try even at this first this way, rather cautiously, those
meeting with you, I will try to really hopes had begun to vanish, were
sort things out and to tell, you what beginning to vanish and.! think, that
really happened ? not just to share for some good reason that happened.
my impressions, but to tell you what And above all, because the Soviet-
happened. . U.S. negotiations in Geneva at which
a lot, a great deal has been said,
Of course, those will be first im
First Impressions , maybe too much has been said, where
-
, pressions, first assessments, first
White Rouse Photo
analysis. A time for more analysis
A TALK WITH STAFF: President Reagan conferring with Donald T. Regan, left, White House chief of ,
staff, and Vice Adm, John M. Poindexter, national security adviser, yesterday in Reykjavik, Iceland.
as I said to the President yesterday,
50 or 100 various options are being
bandied about, the options on how to
will come. This was a major meeting, curb the arms race and begin to re-
and you will feel that when I tell you duce nuclear arms. And, you know,
what happened at the meeting, about even that calls into question whether
the substance of the problems that really the discussions there are fruit-
have been examined in a very broad, fut.
?in a very interested, in a very intense I would say you would agree that if
way. ?we had only, the negotiators bad only
1 The atmosphere at the meeting was one or two or three options, that
friendly. We could discuss? things -would mean that the debate has been
freely and without limitation, outlin- narrowed down and that the surge is
ing our views as ta various problems. now on for specific accords in impor-
And this has made it possible for us to tant areas.
have a more in-depth understanding But nothing of that _Wid is happen-
of many major issues cif international ing in Geneva at therAain forum of in-
politics, bilateral relations and, above ternational politics at this time.
all, the urgent problems that really The arms race has not been halted.
focus the attention of the world, the Our initiatives, which I have men.
questions of war and peace, of ending tioned earlier, have been evoking a
the nuclear arms race and the entire broad response internationally but
range of problems within that broad they have not been duly understood
topic. ?by the U.S. Administration. So the
But before I begin to characterize situation was deteriorating, The con-
the meeting to you, before I charac- cern in the world felt by people
terize the substance of the discus- throughout the world, was increasing
sions and of the proposals of the two and I think I am not exaggerating.
sides and of the outcorne of this meet- I think you are here representing
ing, I would like to say, to explain to the people of the world and you know
you ? because I didn't have this op- that the world is in turmoil. The world
portunity before ? why is it that we is concerned. The World demands
put forward this initiative to have this that leaders of the great powers, the
meeting. leaders of the Soviet Union and the
In June of this year, the states of United States display political will,
the Warsaw treaty put forward a , display determination to stop the
large-scale and comprehensive pro- trends that are leading towards dart-
gram to achieve a major reduction of gerous and unpredictable conse-
conventional arms and armed forces
?
in Europe. , . ? quences.
I was not setting conditions, I was
Problems of a Nuclear Age ? expressing the understanding of our
We also, based on the lessons we responsibility, the responsibility of
drew from the Chernobyl tragedy, we, mySelf and of the President to ap-
also made major proposals about the Ptoach our meeting in Washington
need to convene an urgent session, a . with a view to reaching results. -
the International Atomic Energy'- __.......,
And I said to the President in my- -
Agency in Vienna, and that meeting letters, and I said to the Presient dur-
did take place and some promising ing this meeting, that we shouldnot
results have been achieved. Now we allow, Mr. President, a failure of our
have an international machinery that meeting in Washingten. And that is
makes it possible to resolve many why I proposed an urgent meeting
problems in this important area, the here because we had something to
important area of the safety of nu- propose, we had constructive pro-
clear energy.
, posals that could bring agreements,
Now in other words, for all those _that could bring serious ProPosals,
years o throughout that time we ? and serious solutions in Washington.. And
I think I'm not exaggerating in as- I cannot really imagine for one
Itsiemssein_g aonudr Ipoinlicsype?akthinrgoaubghnnotutratchtast, minute that ton that mooting
at if we had met in Washing-
should have been a
lAtlantic, commanding, if you will, the
sea between the Old World and the
.New. Since this is Columbus Day I
? have to be careful of this, but many of
? those Who believe that the Vikings
'were the first ,Europeans to discover
the Americas hold that the ancient
Norse sailers first heard of North
America from an Icelander.
And during World War II, Iceland
played a crucial role in the battle for
freedom. Early in the war, German
U-boats began to exact a devastating
toll, including the shipping that sup-
plied the British people with food
from the United States.
Between March and December
1941, the Germans sank ships totaling
more than a million tons. Churchill
watched with growing disquiet as his
nation was pushed closer and closer
to starvation. In April of 1941, the
British established bases on this Ice-
land fox/ escort groups and aircraft. In
July, we joined them, with the con-
'sent of the Icelandic authorities, with
bases of our own.
These operations staged from this
very island proved decisive in the bal-
ance of the entire struggle. In Church-
ill's words: "The escort groups be-
came ever more efficient and as their
power grew, that of the U-boats de-
clined. Europe was saved to continue
the struggle for freedom."
? Role of Iceland ? -
cite all this history because if Ice-
laud wai crucial to the cause of free-
dom then, it is even more important
? today. The U.S. and Iceland are joined
together as members of NATO. And
here you are, thousands of miles from
home, closer indeed to the Soviet
naval bases on the Kola Peninsula
than to our own East Coast.
And in view of those naval bases
and other potential threats, you serve
as a vanguard for Iceland, the United
States and all the NATO allies. You
monitor military air traffic, you track
submarines and you monitor shipping
?
movements in the vital sea lanes be-
tween the United States, Iceland and
Europe.
You perform all these tasks with ef-
ficiency and dedication. In short, With
a keen sense of duty. And, ladies and
gentlemen of our armed forces, on be-
half of a grateful Commander in
Chief, I salute you.
' President and Saluting
I can't resist telling you a little
story that I just told the Marine guard
at the embassy. The story has to do
with saluting. I was a second lieuten-
ant of Horse Cavalry back in the
World War II days. As I told the Ad-
miral, I wound up flying a desk for the
Army Air Force. So I know all ttie
rules about not saluting in civilian
clothes and so forth and when you
should or shouldn't,
\ But then when I got this job and I
would be approaching Air Force One
and Marine One and those marines
would come to a salute, and I knowing
that I'm in civilian clothes I would
nod and say hello and think they
would drop their hands, and they
wouldn't, they just stood there.
So one night Over at the Comman-
dant's quarters, marine comman-
dant's quarters in Washington, and I
was getting a couple of highballs and
I didn't know what to do So I said to,
the co mandant,J, said: ?."Look
know al the. rules about saluting( tn,
civilian clothes and all, but if I'm the
Commander in Chief. There ought to
be a regulation that would permit me
to return a salute."
And I heard some words of wisdom.
He said, "I think if you did, no one
would say anything,"
If you see me on television and I'm
saluting, you know that I've got au
-
thorny for it now. But you know there
are some people hero I can't salute of
course because they're civilians. But
seeing them does bring to mind all the
sacrifices that your familieS make, so
? whether your families are here or
back home, the next time you see
them or write a letter, you tell them
for me their President thanks them,
and so does all America.
It seems to me we have one more
? round of applause still to go. The talks
? that we've concluded could neveA
? have been had it not been for the
? generosity of the people of Iceland. '
\ Pay Rates for Military
? Well, it's time to go now, Nancy's
waiting dinner. After all Congress is
still in session, and I have to get back
and keep an eye on them. Sometimes
? they get strange ideas about reducing
pay rates for the military. But don't
worry, I'll never let 'em.
But in closing let me say simply
this: You are not here on NATO's
front line, you're not making the sac-
rifice of leaving home and friends so
far behind merely to keep the world
from getting worse. You're here te
make it better, for you're here in the
name of liberty. ?
Yes, the ultimate goal of American
foreign policy is not just the preven,
? tion of war but the expansion of free-
dom to see that every nation, every
people, every person someday enjoys
? the blessings of liberty. All that you'
do has strengthened world peace ?
the peace in which the flame of free-4
dom can continue to burn and spread,
its light throughout the world.
I have to telt you that of all the
things- that I'm proud of in this job,
none match the pride that I have in
those of you who are wearing the uni-
form of your country ? you young
men and women, God bless you.
Many years ago, at the beginning of
World War II, Gen, George Marshall
was asked what was our secret weap-
on, and he said then, "Just the best
blankety-blank kids in the world." '
Well, I have to tell you, we still got
them ? that secret weapon, God
bless all of you. Thank you very
much.
failure.
And that was why I proposed to
have this working meeting in Iceland,
Reporter's Notebook: Haples,s KG B. Man Is Briefly Stranded
listento each other carefully and try
in Reykjavik, in order to have a busi-
nesslike discussion here, in order to
? By` MAUltiEN DOWD
Special to The New York Times
? REYKJAVIK, Iceland, Oct. 12 ?
Raise Gorbachev's crack K.G.B.
team misplaced one of its men today.
An Iceland state radio reporter
named Sigridur Arnadottir found the
K.G.B. agent pacing back and forth
helplessly on a farm 50 miles outside
the city.
- Mrs. Gorbachev visited a small
chapel on a remote farm called Bur-
fell this morning and the motorcade
sped off, stranding the agent, who
said his name, was Vasilyev. The
K.G.B. did not immediately notice
Mr. Vasilyev was missing and, by the
time Ms. Arnadottir found him, he
was hungry and worried.
She gave him a ride back to town,
fed him some Coca-Cola and choco-
late biscuits ? this nation's favorite
snack ? and returned him to the
, Soviet cruise ship Georgf Ots.
"I hope they won't send him to Sibe-
ria or anything," Ms. Arnadottir said
as she watched him trudge up the
gangplank.
?
The Icelanders lost their fondest
dream that the weekend would
produce an agreement that would for-
ever be known as "the Reykjavik ac-
cord" or "the Iceland initiative."
But they were saved from their big-
gest nightmare ? that some harm
would befall one of the world leaders.
So when a report was broadcast
? this afternoon that two men carrying
a shotgun had been picked up in this
city where no one, not even the police,
carries a gun, Icelanders listened in
horror.
It turned out, however, that the
?men were not terrorists or assassins,
but scientists. On a boat trip to study
'whales, they had brought along a gun
to see if they could shoot an Icelandic
blackbird ? a dark-meat delicacy
served on special occasions.
The men were let go, but the police
kept the gun. Like the K.G.B. agent,
' the scientists went home tired and
hungry.
?
Since the Geneva summit meeting,
more than 200,000 children from all
over the world have sent letters to thel
superpower leaders to ask for peace.
The logic in the scrawled ink and
crayon messages is often incontro-
vertible.
"When we have a war, it means
people die," 8-year-old Jill Attwood
wrote the two leaders. "When people
die, it is not nice at all."
Or, from Mikey Johnson, a fourth-,
grader from Ohio:,"! don't want a nu-i
clear war because it would be the end
of the world."
Or this simple message from Anya
I3ailis of Cleveland Heights, Ohio:
''BAD!!!''
?
Soviet spokesmen were ubiquitous
today, talking to reporters at the
Soviet press center at the Hotel Saga
and trying to get across the party line
on the foundering meetings.
In the last year, the Russians have
been getting more proficient in the
fine art of public relations. They now
send a team of experts to summit
meetings to talk to reporters.
And, like their American counter-
parts, they have briefings and toss
out such journalistic expressions as
"follow-up" and "background."
Where they once ignored reporters
or stormed out if they were quizzed
about something they did not like,
now they try to answer and charm.
"As Metternich once said, 'In any
What's happening in
?
rimism.witarmisissi annannamminestemi
iff,sommkans? assees,
or any of nearly a dozen other American
reaches you here through full-time news bureaus of
1je:Ni11.41 Uork bnc?
? agreement; everyone iniist hear his,
own truth," said Valentin M. Faith, a
member of the Central Committee'
and the chairman of the Novosti
press agency, who was on hand to
promote the Soviet truth.
But the Russians haven't yet got
the hang of the trenchant quote. Ex-
plaining the new role of public rela-
tions in the Soviet Union, one of the
Soviet leaders put it this way: "The
first reality in the new role of public
Opinion is the development of open
and real information for the ex-
change of views and opinion to have
different options and versions in dis-
cussions in the press and mass
media."
There was no follow-up.
?
Standing in a farm chapel in front
of a simple altar with two candles
burning on either side of a brass
crucifix, Raise Gorbachev talked
Candidly about religion.
"I am an atheist," said the? wife of
the Soviet leader. "But I know the
church and I respect all faiths. It is,
? after all, a 'personal Matter."
? "I believe in people," she said, as a
local farmer played the organ. "You
maybe don't believe me, but I belieye
in the natural goodness of people, and
I firmly believe that no one wants
war, especially nuclear war." ?
Her husband alto speaks of reli-
gion, but in a somewhat different
vein. In a Moscow publication of the
Soviet leader's recent speeches made
available today, Mr. Gorbachev
wrote an introduction charging the
United States with trying to destroy-
the Soviet economy by pushing ahead
with the arms race.
He accused the Reagan Adminis-
tration of "hypocritically, speaking
? about God while trampling on the ele-
, mentary standards of morality:"
As the leaders huddled, everyone
desperately looked for clues to how
the meetings were going.
Larry Speakes, the White House
spokesman, illustrated the confusion
? over the signals of body language and
sparse comments when he read the
leads of two Reuters stories on Mr.
Reagan's demeanor at the moment,
when the leaders came together to-
"In the first version, President
Reuters
VISIT TO COUNTRYSIDE: Raiia Gorbachev, wife of the Soviet lead-
er, using her jacket to warm Lara Bodvarsdottir, 5, during visit to a
srnaP chapel in town of Burfell, 50 miles outside Reykjavik, Iceland.
Reagan is described as appearing
'still and impassive,'" Mr. Speakes
said. "In the second, he is described
as looking 'relaxed and smiling.'"
At another point, a CNN news ana-
lyst. was called in to examine a Presi-
dential shoulder lift for significance
about the progress of the talks.
"He shrugged," 'said the analyst.
"But it wasn't a negative shrug.",
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to find points of convergence, try to
find common approaches consistent
with the interests of our two coun-
tries, with the interests of our allies,
with the interests of the world, of the
peoples of the world.
Well, I must say that the Amer-
icans came ? have ? came to this
meeting empty-handed, with the en-
tire set of mothballed ? of moth-
balled proposals that are making the
situation so bad, so stuffy at the
Geneva negotiations. So in order to
end that bad situation, to open up the
road to a new stage, to resolve the
questions, we put forward certain
proposals and I have now related to
you what has happened. So what
should we do?
`Pile-Up of Problems'
This summer I had a meeting with
former President Nixon and he said
to me based on my great political ex-
perience and on my whole life, I can
say, that the search for that ghost of
superiority has taken us too far. And
it is really very difficult now, to end
the pile-up of problems that has been
created by those nuclear arsenals
and this makes the situation in the
world very dangerous.
I think, nevertheless, that all that
has happened, and really what ha,s
happened is accords, agreements,
that we have not been able to really
materialize because our proposals
were presented as a package. I think
you understand why. But anyway the
roads we have traveled towards these
major agreements, major accords on
the reduction of nuclear arms, gives
us substtntial experience, gives us
substantial gain here in Reykjavik.
, I think both the President of the
United' States and ourselves should
reflect on the entire situation that has
evolved here at the meeting and once
again to come back and to try to step
over that difference between us. We
have reached agreement on a great
deal of things. We have traveled a
long road.
I feel the President probably would
have to seek the advice of Congress,
of American political leaders, of the
American public. Let America think.
We are waiting. We are not withdraw-
ing the proposals that we have put
forward and I would say the pro-
posals on which, substantially, we
have agreed. ?
Now secondly, I think that all
realistically minded forces in the
world shOuld now begin to act -
l'e
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The Iceland Summit: Jousting With the Press
CCOrd to Jrdmit Disclosures
rectks Apart in Arguments
Special to The
, REYKJAVIK, Iceland, Oct. 12? The
greement by soviet and American of-
ficials to withhold disclosures about the
mmit conference produced an argu-
ent between the two delegations to-
y, and between President Reagan's
Nokesman and reperters covering the
iteeting here.
e. It began when Larry Speakes, the
ite House spokesman, acknowl-
edged this morning that he sent a for-
pal written protest on Saturday night
Gennadi 1. Gerasimov, the Soviet
oreign Ministry spokesman.
" Mr. Speakes said that Georgi A. Ar-
batov, e director of the Soviet Insti-
tute for U.S.A. and Caeadian Studies,
violated the spirit of the agreement at
news conference Saturday morning
which he criticized the American
sitiort on nuclear weapons testing.
And at his afternoon briefing today,
r. Speakes declared that the Rus-
.?Aians had committed an even worse
Alolation of the agreement
Comments by Velikhov
1 He said that this time it was Yevgeny
P. Velikhov, a vice president of the
Soviet Academy of Sciences, who had
told a reporter that he was very opti-
mistic that there would be agreements
.4% on several contentious arms control
glisues under discussion here.
V Mr Speakes and other Administra-
tion aides said the Velikhov remarks
, implied it would not be the Russians'
t?'' fault if no agreements Were reached.
"This is a flagrant and open violation
our agreement, and the agreement
between the two leaders that this
should be personal and private talks,"
-'? Mr. Speakes said in an angry tone. He
adding that the Americans considered
this the end of the agreement to with-
. bold disclosures.
"We noW consider ourselves free to
?discuss what has occured in the meet-
; ,ings in some detail, yet preserving the
,..*confidentiality so the two can continue
this afternoon," he said.
Some Reporters Are Angry
Some reporters, angry because they
?. ? perceived Mr. Speakes to be playing
fevorites among them, said he was
?eheing hypocritical. They said the Ad-
e *ministration had also been breaking
the accord behind the scenes, even as
Mr. Speakes publicly Criticized Vice
Adm. John M. Poindexter, the national
? ecurity adviser, who is assisting Mr.
J?e,ie..agan, merely for telling reporters
4 ei'that the meetings were "businesslike."
"Poindexter shouldn't have said
41. ,
?
New York Times
that," Mr. Speakes told reporters Sat-
urday.
"It's widely reported that you
briefed The Times and The Post last
night," one reporter called out, refer-
ring to The New York Times and The
Washington Post.
"I talk to reporters all the time," Mr.
Speakes said acidly. "That's my job."
This touched off a clamor in the
press room.
Speakes's Actions Questioned
"Larry," said Robert Timberg, the
White House reporter for The Balti-
more Sun, "did you or did you not ?
when we Were back in, Washington and
you told us there was going to be a
blackout ? tell us that there were not
going to be little backgrounders by sen-
ior officials during the course of the
news blackout? I believe you're on the
record on that very firmly, just as you
were in Geneva."
Mr. Speakes responded by saying he
had been in his office until 2 A.M. (10
P.M. Saturday, New York time) and
available to reporters. He then called
on a Chicago Tribune reporter, whom
he asked to verify that he had not given
out any information. .
The reporter did not respond.
When Mr. Timberg questioned Mr.
Speakes again, a sharp exchange fol-
lowed.
Mr. Speakes said, "If you want to set-
tle these matters, why don't you show
up at my office right now?"
Mr. Timberg: "Right now?"
Mr. Speakes: "Sure. Get up and go,"
Mr. Timberg: "Don't tell me where
to go, Larry. I'll meet you there."
Mr. Speakes "You'd better."
Some Quizzical Looks
Mr. Speakes seethed concerned
throughout about letting the Russians
know they could not use the press to put
additional pressure on Mr. Reagan to
compromise. He said Mr. Reagan con-
tinued to "hang tough" in the talks.
But reporters exchanged quizzical
looks when Mr. Speakes indicated, that
the Velikhov statement that some
progress was being made constituted
serious pressure.
Andrei Grachev, a deputy chief of the
Central Committee propoganda de-
partment, said this afternoon that the
Russians would not comment on the
dispute over who broke the agreement
to withhold information on the meet-
ings, but several Soviet officials over-
leard at the Hotel Saga expressed con-
,';ern about the Velikhov interview.
The Sticking Points
ontjnu?Frorti Page 1
new* a clear idea ',of where the rela-
titmship will go from here.
4,, Both expressed deep disappointment
e'". about the reSillts, but both also left the
.4\ door open to renewed efforts.
(1. ? For now, however, there is no date
1'4^ " for a full summit meeting in the United
?s'States later this year or early in 1987,
Ver the prospect of one. This afternoon's
the last of four, dragged on
,. tintil it seemed that both sides were too
exhausted to figure out the next steps,
Mr.' Shultz clearly had no prepared
,5?,?z statement when he appeared before
e internatkmal press corps at the
oftleidir Hotel American officials as
Krell as reporters were eager to see
' ow he would describe the events. Over
e jti a nearby movie theater, Soviet off!-
vials were gathered around a single
, (,,Aradio hanging on Mr. Shultz's every
word as well. The scene was similar in
? - both places when the Soviet leader took
the stage.
11i" The sense was more one of exhaus-
tion than failure. The two leaders had
c. engaged in a titanic test of endurance
ee and will. In the end, neither was pre-
1.;.1 pared te sacrifice 'what he considered
most important. Mr. Reagan was not
A:f 4 Prepared to abandon his dream of a
^ shield against missile attacks, al-
^ though he waS willing to compromise
on its scope. Mr. Gorbachev was deter-
?tee, Mined to destroy the American Presi-
dent's vision, but was also prepared to
pay a heavy price to do so. ,
'That price was a series of proposals,
'which elicited counterproposals from
,Mr. Reagan, which in turn led to what
-?' both sides described as "enormous"
)1:?-t' And potentially 'historic" progress to-
d?; ward reducing nuclear arms and
reducing nuclear testing.
k? (-At- On medium-range forces, they
agreed to eliminate all those missiles
on both sides in Europe. This went well
beyond earlier talk of limiting each
"'^ side to no more than 100. Today's un-
derstanding was that the Russians
1"-"ivould be able tp retain 100 medium-
'vie 'range missile warheads in Asia, and
Iter
the the United States could deploy a
^ like number on American soil.
Return to 1983 Levels
The Russians offered and the two
?sides conditionally agreed on cuts in
shorter-range Soviet missiles in
Eu-
rope. Just how many such missiles
e"S ieLwere involved here was not clear, but
the number may have been as high as
several hundred, In effect, Moscow
was ready to go back to levels it had as
II; of January 1983.
The sides also appeared ready to
,r.on agree that the pact would last until re-
placed by a new one. This is what
Washington wanted.
cei 3, These breakthroughs, largely Soviet
it.y concessions, would have crystallized
areas of agreement and put the two
+Lle???ti sides in a good position to sign a pact on
? medium-range missiles during a Gor-
`,1 .bachev visit to the United States.
- - The two leaders also broke their im-
passe over nuclear testing. Here,
again,' Mr. Gorbachev took the first
,step by saying that he was ready to
forego his demand for an immediate
cessation of all nuclear tests. Instead,
he essentially accepted Mr. Reagan's
proposal to begin with steps to reduce
the number and yield of nuclear tests
over time, as long as the sides commit-
ted themselVes to eventual cessation.
Ingredients for Success ,
These two breakthroughs, on medi-
um-raege missiles and nuclear testing,
meant that both of the ingredients
thought essential to a succesful sum-
mit here were in place.
Beginning this morning, officials on
both sides let out the word that
progress was being made. Their com-
ments were restrained, but optimistic
nonetheless.
But always looming overhead
throughout the two days were the cen-
tral issues of reductions in stratgegic
forces and how these would be linked to
the future of spaced-based defenses.
Even here, on the toughest questions,
progress had been macfe.
It is not clear now who proposed
what first. But both agreed to extend
the antiballisic missile treaty of 1972.
That agreement was of indefinite dura-
tion, but allows the parties to withdraw
after giving six months' notice. Today
the sides discussed an agreement not
to exercise the withdrawal provision
for 10 years, plus the six-month notice
period. That was up from an American
proposal of seven and a half years and
down from a Soviet proposal of 15
years. It meant that neither side would
deploy additional missile defense sys-
tems, beyond the one land site permit-
ted by the treaty, for 10 years.
Elimination of Ballistic Missiles
Mr. Reagan further said that he
would be willing to sharply reduce the
scope of his proposed space-based sys-
tem if the sides would agree ' to the
elimination of ballistic missiles over
the next 10 years.
Specifically, he proposed and Mos-
cow agreed on a 50 percent cut in all
miSsild warheads and missile launch-
ers by the end of the first five years.
Beyond that, Mr. Reagan proposed that
all long-range and medium-range mis-
siles would be phased out during the
next five years.
However, all of the agreements on
particular issues were dependent on
agreement on two basic issues regard-
ing missile defenses: the scope of al-
lowable research and testing during
the 10-year period, and what if any de-
fenses would be permitted after the 10-
year period. Thus the conditional ac-
cords were lost when agreement was
not reached on the main issues.
Mr. Reagan insisted that research,
testing, and development continue on
space-based systems, and insisted that
these activities were allowed by the
ABM treaty.
Limits on Research
- Mr. Gorbachev insisted that there be
no testing and development whatsovev-
er, and that research be confined to the
laboratory. He called this a "strength-
ening" of the treaty, while the Amer-
ican side saw this as an effort to "radi-
cally change" the treaty.
This disagreement is not simply a
dispute over what the existing treaty
does and does not allow, although it is
that. It is also a result of a desire on the
part of the Soviet Union to stiffen the
terms of the treaty. The 1972 treaty
does not require that research be lim-
ited to laboratories, and the line be-
PROTEST THWARTED: Two Icelandic vessels prevent the Sirius, center, from entering Reykjavik harbor. The ship, part of the fleet of Green-
peace, the environmental group, was trying to sail near Hofdi House, where meeting was being held, to display a protest sign.
Criticism and Praise for President on 'Star Wars
Continued From Page 1
in the hand," he added, "for two in the
bush, S.D.!."
Senator Gary Hart, the Democrat
from Colorado who is considered a
leading candidate for the Presidency in
1988, was even more critical of the
President's performance.
"It appears that building Star Wars
is more important to this Administra-
tion than meaningful arms control,"
said Senator Hart, who iS retiring at
the end of his term. "Many of us have
argued that an unreasonable attach-
ment to a speculative space-based de-
fensive system would come to block
real progress toward arms control.
This has , apparently transpired. The
Administration apparently never in-
tended to use S.D.!. as a se-called bar-
gaining chip, as they have often al-
leged.
Both Senator Hart and Senator Pell,
however, said they hoped the Adminis-
tration would rethink its position and
continue to press for an arms control
agreement.
Scrutiny for 'Star Wars'
Senator Sam Nunn, a Georgia Demo-
crat and chairman of the Senate
Armed Services Committee, said in a
broadcast interview that Congress
would put Star Wars under more scru-
tiny and fire than ever before.
Senator Nunn said the outcome
i'showed that the major priority, the
major focus of the Administration is to
protect S.D.I., the strategic defense
initiative, even at the stake of giving up
,deep cuts in Soviet systems."
He told ABC News that history would
have to judge if that w ?at wise deci-
sion. "What many people.11ought was
that we were in a positi 11 now to ex-
change a research-type b ueprint, or at
least restricting it, for Soviet missiles
that are already deployed and threaten
our nation." Senator Nunn has been a
supporter of
-A number of Congressional leaders
including some of the more outspoken
critics of the President, such as Sena-
tor Edward M. Kennedy, Democrat of
Massachusetts, said they would await
further details of the Reagan-Gorba-
chev meeting before commenting.
Others expressed disappointment
that there was no agreement but did
not criticize either leader.
Need for `Running Dialogue'
"The hopes of millions of people
around the world were riding on the
two leaders' making progress on arms
control and human rights issues," said
Senator Frank R. Lautenberg, Demo-
crat of New Jersey. "We can only hope
'
The New York Times/Jose R. Lopes
ARRIVING FOR TALKS: Anatoly P. Dobrynin, right, the former
Ambassador to Washington, arriving yesterday at Hofcli House for
final session of talks in Reykjavik,
tween research and development is not
absolutely clear.
Even if this V could have been re-
solved, the two sides could not agree on
whether any defensive system would
be required after ballistic missiles had
been eliminated. Mr. Gorbachev was
said to have argued that the absence of
the missiles would make defenses
against them unnecessary,
But Mr. Reagan arid Mr. Shultz were
said to have responded that some de-
fenses would still be needed in case of
cheating, accidents, or attacks by third
countries.
Compliance With Agreement
Later, at his news conference, Mr.
Shultz also said that a vigorous re-
search program and some mmimal de-
ployed system were essential to insure
Soviet compliance with the reductions
in offensive forces.
In other words, the American side
was saying it simply did not trust Mos-
cow ito live up to the reductions pact
and wanted to keep the defensive pro-
gram going as insurance.
Until late this afternoon, officaials
said, it seemed as if the potentially vast
areas of agreement on other issues
might force both sides into further con-
cessions on the central issues. By all
accounts, they labored to exhaustion
and then gave up. Neither could outlast
the other. Neither would show himself
more eager for agreement. Each was
prepared in the end to risk failure here
rather than inake the ultimate compro-
mises.
And so, they parted, Mr. Shultz said
the United States would be "glad to
pick up where they left off" here with
arms negotiators in geneva.
Mr. Gorbachev said that his pro-
posals would not be withdrawn.
Then, the sides withdrew to their re-
spective capitals as night fell on Reyk-
javik, there to shape perceptions of
what happened here, there to await the
world's verdict, and then, as both indi-
cated, to start all over again.
Mother Teresa at Nuns Vows
After Plane Crash in Tanzania
DAR ES SALAAM, Tanzania, Oct. 12
(Reuters) ? Mother Teresa flew to
western Tanzania today after emerg-
ing unscathed from a plane crash that
killed five, people.
The 1979 Nobel Peace Prize winner
arrived in Tabora, 360 miles wet of
Dar es Salaam, to see seven new nuns
take the vows of the Missionaries of
Charity, which she founded in Calcutta.
Mother Teresa, 76 years old, is on a
weeklong visit to convents in Tanzania.
Her chartered light plane crashed into
a crowd of well-wishers Saturday on
takeoff at Hombolo airstrip, near Dodo-
ma, 200 miles west of Dar es Salaam.
'She is due to leave Dar es Salaam on
Wednesday to return to Khartoum,
where she plans to open homes for vic-
tims of the three-year-old civil war in
the southern Sudan.
Don't miss Sunday's Times Magazine
that Reagan and Gorbachev will not
close the dpor to future meetings. We
need to have a running dialogue be-
tween our two countries if we are to
make strides resolving these issues."
Representative Jack Kemp of New
York, a conservative Republican who
is expected to seek the Republican
Presidential nomination, said he was
relieved that Mr. Reagan did not relent
on Star Wars. He also said he did not
believe that the breakdown of the talks
"necessarily bodes ill" for a future
agreement.
.(1
e President is committed to mov-
orward on S.D.!., and has an equal
o mitment to offensive arms reduc-
tions, but not one at the expense of the
other," he said. "The Soviets are going
to have to come back to the table. De-
scribing the President's conduct as
"magnificent," Mr. Kemp said he be-
lieved the Russians "are trying to
make political hay right before our
election.'
Before the talks, Mr. Kemp had ex-
pressed concern that the space-based
defense program might. be weakened
in the negotiations. '
Bonn Sees Setback
BONN, Oct. 12 (Reuters) ? West
Germany's foreign policy spokesman
'described the results of the United '
States-Soviet summit meeting tonight ?
as a setback for disarmament, and an .
opposition Social Democrat said an s,
arms control accord could be years
away.
"I am disappointed but not de-
pressed, although this is certainly a _
setback," said Voelker Ruehe, parlia-
mentary foreign policy spokesman for
the Christian Democratic Party of .
Chancellor Helmut Kohl.
Horst Ehmke of the Social Demo-
crats said the failure in Reykjavik had '
made- today "a black Sunday for hu-
manity." He added, "One must now as-
sume that there will be no further
rogress during Reagan's remaining ?
eriod in office and that we could lose
our to six years before we are back to
a situation where progress is possible."
?
Pole Bars Solidarity Talks
WARSAW, Oct. 12 (UPI) ? Prime
Minister Zbigniew Messner has de-
clared that he will not talk with leaders
of the outlawed Solidarity union be-
cause they oppose Communism, the of-
ficial press agency PAP said today.
"There will not be any talks with the
opponents of this system," Mr. Mes-
sner said in a speech to a Communist
Party conference on Saturday.,
Gorbachev Angrily Makes Charge
That Reagan 'Scuttled' Accords,
By PHILIP TAUBMAN
Special to The New York Times
REYKJAVIK, Iceland, Oct. 12 ? Mi-
khail S. Gorbachey said today that by
insisting on development of "Star
Wars" weapons, President Reagan
"scuttled" a series of broad arms con-
trol agreements reached by the two
men at their meetings here.
The Soviet leader said that "only a
madman would accept" the American
insistence that research and develop-
ment of a space-based missile defense
:system be allowed to proceed beyond
laboratory work under a broad agree-
ment to reduce nuclear weapons,
Mr. Gorbachev said at a news confer-
ence after the collapse of his talks with
Mr. Reagan that he had come to Ice-
land thinking that the best,way to end
the arms race was to present President
Reagan with a radical package of new
proposals.
'Major Concessions' by Moscow
Mr. Gorbachev said Moscow had pre-
sented a package of "major conces-
sions and compromises" at the meet-
ing, while the United States side "came
empty-handed, with a whole set of
mothballed proposals."
Mr. Gorbachev, leaning forward in'
his seat and slashing the air with his
right hand at times for emphasis,
spoke without notes for an hour about
the talks before responding to ques-
tions. His presentation was polished
and at times impassioned. ,
In an apparent effort to put Mr. Rea-
gan on the defensive, he presented a de-
tailed defense of the new. Soviet pro-
posals and Moscow's handling of rela-
tions with Washington since their
Meeting in Geneva last November.
Portraying the Soviet position as a
radical and far-reaching effort to end
the arms race, he placed the overall
blame for the failure of the talks on the
influence of the military-industrial
complex in the United States.
Mr. Gorbachev, flanked by top aides
on a makeshift podium at a Reykjavik
movie theater, said he was not discour-
aged by the breakdown in the talks.
"Let us not panic," he said. "This is
not the end of contact with the United
States. It is not the end of international
relations,"
He said the Spviet proposals re-
mained on the table and expressed
hope that the agreements nearly con-
cluded this weekend could be revived. '
"Let America think," he said. "We
are waiting. We are not withdrawing
our proposals."
Mr. Gorbachev, who appeared seri-
ous but not grim, reported that he had
told Mr. Reagan that they "were miss-
ing a historic chance: Never had our
positions been so close together."
Mr. Gorbachev said "both of us
should reflect on whet happened here,"
adding, "The meeting was important
and promising."
Although he called the failure "sad
and disappointing," Mr. Gorbachev -
added that "it was not an unproductive
meeting."
He described the talks as 'a step in a
difficult dialogue."
As, he spoke, Mr. Gorbachev was
flanked on his left by Aleksandr N.
Yakovlev, a national secretary of the
Central Committee in charge of propa-
Approved For Release 2010/09/13: CIA-RDP90-00552R000505370005-8
ganda, and Marshal Sergei F. Akhro-
meyev, a First Deputy Defense Mini*,
ter and Chief of Staff. Marshal Akli44-
' meyev wore a suit rather than his nor::.*
mal green army uniform.
To Mr. Gorbachev's right were For-
eign Minister Eduard A. Shevardh,adze
and Anatoly F. Dobrynin, the former
Ambassador to Washington who is a
Central Committee secretary and a
key foreign policy adviser to Mr. Gor-
bachev.
Asked whether the weekend's' events
ended the prospects for a visit by him
to Washington, Mr. Gorbachev said, "It
doesn't mean we are farther from
Washington than we used to be. We are
closer, if the United States'con'Siders
our proposals."
Dim Prospects for U.S. Visit
? However, he said nothing about set-
ting a date for a visit to Washington.
Another senior Soviet official, Georgi
A. Arbatov, the director of the Soviet
Institute for U.S.A. and Canadian Stud-
ies, said before Mr. Gorbachev's ap-
pearance that unless Washington
changed its position on basic arms con-
trol issues there would be little chance *
for a Gorbachev trip to the United
States.
Mr. Gorbachev said that Mr. Rea-
gan, noting his disappointment at the
Soviet position on 'Star Wars" re-
search, asked, "Why because of one
word are you so intransigent?"-
Mr. Gorbachev said Moscow could
not back down on Mr. Reagan's pro-
gram to develop exotic new missile de-
fense technologies because the pro-
gram threatened to produce new offen-
sive weapons and to extend the arms
race into space.
Mr. Gorbachev said that he brought
new proposals to Iceland covering all ,
facets of the arms control talks in
Geneva because those negotiations
"were at a standstill."
Trying to Restore Momentum
, "We brought proposals which, had
they been accepted, could in a short
time make it possible to aveit the
threat of nuclear war," he said.
Mr. Gorbachev said Moscow's expec-
tation was that he and Mr. Reagan '
could issue binding instructions to their
negotiators to prepare agreements to,
reduce strategic nuclear weapons by 50 ?
percent, to eliminate intermediate-
range missiles in Europe, and to deal ?
with defensive systems by extending *
the 1972 antiballistic missile treaty for
10 years.
He contended that the Soviet pro-
posals eliminated several major stum-
bling blocks to agreement. He said, for
example, that Moscow was willing to
set aside its long-standing insistence
that reductions in strategic weapons in-
elude cuts in American bombers and ?
nuclear-capable tactical aircraft sta-
tioned in and around Europe.
Mr. Gorbachev said he was sur-
prised by Mr. Reagan's initial reluc-
tance to accept the proposal for elimi-
nating intermediate-range missiles be-
cause the United States had made a
,similar suggestion in 1981.
"I said, 'I don't understand how you
can abandon your own child,'" Mr.
Gorbachev said.