CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90-00530R000701680004-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 13, 2013
• Sequence Number: 4
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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A VITAL INSTITUTION AND A DISTINGUISHED TRADITION
"We produce timely and
high-quality intelligence
for the President and
Government of the United
States. . . We measure our
success by our contribution
to the protection and
enhancement of American
values, security, and
national interest."
Excerpt from the Credo of
The Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency
is an Equal Opportunity Employer.
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The Need for
Intelligence
A History of Service
Intelligence is information ? information about adversaries and
potential adversaries that nations gather to formulate their foreign and security
policies. Intelligence is not a new concept; the Bible mentions the Israelites
seeking out the intentions of their enemies. Nor did it arise only in the Holy
Land. The ancient civilizations of China, India, and Africa collected intelli-
gence, as did the Incas, the Aztecs, and the Plains Indians in the Western
Hemisphere.
Much information has always been easily available. Reports
of diplomats have been the source of intelligence information for centuries.
Friendly nations trade and allow open travel and interchange of information
and ideas of all kinds. Today, huge amounts of information are openly pub-
lished and broadcast every day, even in countries with restrictive policies.
To gather information that is not freely available, states tradi-
tionally have used clandestine means ? human agents who gather facts
through personal observation and through informants with personal or ideo-
logical motives. As technology has developed, intelligence organizations have
employed it to supplement the efforts of human sources. The telescope, tele-
graph, and camera were all put to use for intelligence gathering almost as soon
as they were invented.
Over the centuries, intelligence services have been responsible
for many successes as well as some fiascos and tragedies. The failures frequent-
ly become well known; the successes usually cannot be publicized. Battles and
even wars have been won ? or avoided ? through good intelligence.
Although the CIA has existed only since 1947, intelligence is
not a new phenomenon even in American history. George Washington, as
Commander-in-Chief, directed a handful of agents during the Revolution. At
the same time, the Continental Congress' "committee of secret correspondence"
kept up with developments abroad through several quasi-diplomatic agents.
The Constitution charges the Federal Government with provid-
ing for the defense of our country. Through the 19th century, guarded by two
oceans and largely isolated from world affairs, the United States relied for pro-
tection on a rather modest Army and Navy. The armed services kept up with
developments in foreign armies, and the diplomatic corps provided limited
"political" intelligence. True, both sides in the Civil War employed spies, but
even as late as 1929 Secretary of State Stimson said that "Gentlemen don't
read other people's mail" and proceeded to shut down our fledgling World
War I communications intelligence operation.
The experiences of World War II changed all that. The Pearl
Harbor disaster persuaded our leaders that the U.S. could never again afford to
be surprised by an enemy attack Congress created a civilian-controlled, cen-
tralized system for collecting and analyzing intelligence from all sources. With
the emergence of the U.S. as leader of the Free World and the advent of the
Cold War, this system was needed even in peacetime and it had to be worldwide
in scope. To serve that mission, the Central Intelligence Agency was created.
CIA does much more than collect information. Its analysts
interpret this information on a nonpartisan, nondepartmental basis for the Pres-
ident and other policymakers. CIA provides leadership and services of common
concern for the intelligence components of other Executive Branch depart-
ments ?known as the Intelligence Community. It also conducts counter-
intelligence operations abroad to frustrate foreign espionage against the U.S.
And it undertakes covert action abroad at the direction of the President.
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A Distinguished
Service
Americans sometimes ask whether maintaining an intelligence
service ? particularly one conducting covert action ? is compatible with our
democratic values.
Intelligence has taken place alongside diplomacy and the armed
services as a foreign policy tool. In an age when destruction can be visited on
our country in a matter of minutes, knowledge about potential adversaries'
capabilities and intentions is critical.
And history demonstrates that for any country engaged in
world affairs, good intelligence must be unbiased intelligence. Although the
personal political preferences of CIA's employees range from conservative to
liberal, CIA by statute and in point of fact provides the most objective assess-
ments possible to policymakers. CIA men and women are proud that they
have consistently maintained a nonpartisan approach regardless of the
administration in office.
Covert action ? the application of foreign policy in ways that
mask the involvement of the U.S. government ? is a useful policy tool in
situations where open U.S. assistance may be counterproductive. It allows us
to help friends or confuse adversaries in situations where normal diplomatic
tactics may be ineffective and resort to military force must be avoided.
Determining what U.S. foreign policy should be and what tools
should be used to implement it is not CIA's role. Responsibility for foreign
policy rests with the President and the Congress ? all elected by the Ameri-
can people. The laws establishing and regulating CIA have been carefully
drafted to deny CIA a policymaking role, and CIA people are subject to the
same laws as are other Americans. CIA acts only when policymakers deter-
mine that it should.
The profession of intelligence demands dedication, living up to
the CIA Credo while serving our country. It is seldom as glamorous as novels
and movies portray it, but it is challenging and exciting. For some, intelligence
can be dangerous. Inside the entrance of the CIA Headquarters building is a
marble memorial with over fifty stars chiselled into its surface ? in remem-
brance of employees who have sacrificed their lives in the course of their offi-
cial duties.
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ORGANI ZED TO SERVE
The Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) is the primary adviser
to the President and the National Security Council on foreign intelligence mat-
ters. The DCI heads the CIA and coordinates the foreign intelligence activities
of the Intelligence Community ? the National Security Agency, the Defense
Intelligence Agency, and the intelligence components of the Departments of
State, Treasury, Commerce, Energy, the armed services, and the Federal
Bureau of Investigation. He has overall responsibility for preparing the Com-
munity budget, coordinating information collection efforts, protecting intelli-
gence sources and methods, and conducting long-range planning.
National Intelligence
Council
DIRECTOR
DEPUTY DIRECTOR
General Counsel
DIRECTOR
INTELL GENCE
COMMUNITY
STAFF
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Inspector General
Office of
Congressional Affairs
Public Affairs
Office
Comptroller
DEPUTY DIRECTOR
for
OPERATIONS
DEPUTY DIRECTOR
for.
SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY
DEPUTY DIRECTOR
for
INTELLIGENCE
DEPUTY DIRECTOR
for
ADMINISTRATION
Director of
Central Intelligence
Command
Responsibilities
Office of Research
& Development
Office of Development
& Engineering
Foreign Broadcast
Infommtion Service
Office of
SIGINT Operations
Office of
Technical Service
NIgttrrrretPattrotn"Cren'tr
Office of
Soviet Analysis
Office of
European Analysis
IOffice of Near Eastem &
South Asian Analysis
Office of
East Asian Analysis
IOffice of African &
Latin American Analysis
Office of Scientific
and Weapons Research
Office of Global Issues
Office of
Imagery Analysis
Office of Current
Production and
Analytic Support
Office of
Information Resources
Office of
Leadership
Analysis
Office of
Medical Services
Office of Security
Office of Training
& Education
Office of Finance
Office of Logistics
Office of
information Technology
WENN:
Office of
Communications
The DCI has a number of staffs immediately assisting him,
including the offices of the Inspector General, Congressional Affairs, Public
Affairs, the Comptroller, and the General Counsel. These staffs and offices
draw upon experienced personnel from within the CIA, but some people are
occasionally hired directly from outside. The General Counsel, for example,
regularly recruits from outside CIA, offering unique opportunities in the rela-
tively new field of intelligence law.
The CIA is organized into four major components called
Directorates which together carry through "the intelligence process" ? the
cycle of collecting, analyzing, and disseminating intelligence. The Directorate
of Operations (DO), the clandestine arm of the CIA, collects foreign intelli-
gence and conducts counterintelligence and covert action operations. The
Directorate of Science and Technology (DS&T) designs, develops, and oper-
ates technical collection systems. The Directorate of Intelligence (DI) collates
and analyzes information, reporting the findings to the policymakers. The
Directorate of Administration (DA) provides comprehensive support for the
other three directorates.
These tasks rely on the specialized skills of thousands of CIA
employees in virtually hundreds of professional career fields, many of which
will be discussed further in this brochure.
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THE ART AND CRAFT OF INTELLIGENCE
Intelligence Collection
...The Human Element
Intelligence Collection
...Technology At Work
The Directorate of Operations (DO) ? the Clandestine Service
? is a very special part of CIA It is made up of men and women who are dedi-
cated to seeking information vital to the security of our country and its people.
This is a secret service with its own specialized way of recruiting,
training, and maintaining networks of human agents ? some might call them
spies ? to collect information about events and issues that threaten or might be
potentially harmful to our country. Operations officers receive extensive training
in specialized tradecraft, interpersonal relations, and language skills before mov-
ing overseas. They serve worldwide, supported by administrative and communi-
cations specialists, in a diverse and exciting working environment
Although the primary focus of operations officers is the collection
of foreign intelligence, they are also involved in counterintelligence abroad. They
must be concerned with the activities and intentions of hostile intelligence serv-
ices throughout the world. A very small percentage of operations overseas involve
covert action, where diplomacy will not work and military force is inappropriate.
Clandestine Service officers are married and single, and come
from all races, creeds, and backgrounds. They have an intense interest in foreign
service and in working with a diverse range of people, as well as a driving curios-
ity about the world. They are well-educated, both academically and practically.
Courage ? physical, intellectual, and moral ? is a common trait They must
be adaptable, well-disciplined, and capable of accepting anonymity in the ordi-
nary world. The recognition of their peers and their contribution to national
security are their rewards.
Every day, advances are made in technology that have implica-
tions for intelligence. Many of these advances are made by the scientists, engi-
neers, and other professionals of the Directorate of Science and Technology
(DS&T). Their job is to identify, develop, and apply technology to promote the
collection, analysis, and dissemination of intelligence.
The activities of the DS&T are as diverse as the technologies that
are shaping our modern world, but they fall into two broad areas.
The first area is the development and integration of new tech-
nologies. Some of the products of DS&T efforts are for use within the entire
Intelligence Community; these include video and image enhancement,
chemical imagery, advanced antenna design, electro-optics, large systems
modeling and simulation, and laser, analog, digital, and satellite communica-
tions. DS&T scientists and engineers conceive, design, develop, and produce
some of the most advanced technologies in the world. Working somewhere
beyond the state of the art is the norm in the DS&T.
The second area involves the collecting and processing of
certain kinds of intelligence information ? broadcast and print media from
around the world, signals and electromagnetic radiation, and overhead pho-
tography. DS&T specialists process and analyze this information to make it
usable by analysts in other CIA directorates as well as other agencies of the
Intelligence Community.
Scientific and technical professionals want to work with the
most advanced equipment and concepts, and they want the freedom to work
to the limits of their capabilities. DS&T people are given this opportunity and
the tools and equipment to support their ambitions. And they can put their
unique talents to work in ways that directly serve their country.
The DS&T is a world of challenge and accomplishment, a world
where results are quickly seen and often make a real impact on foreign policy.
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Intelligence Put to
Work ... What Does It
All Mean?
Administration ...
Supporting the
Intelligence Process
The men and women of the Directorate of Intelligence (DI), the
CIA's analytical arm, analyze and interpret information collected by the DO
and the DS&T, as well as information obtained from public sources. They
receive huge amounts of information, sometimes complementary but often con-
flicting and usually incomplete. They integrate this information, evaluate its
reliability, and analyze it with regard to both immediate and long-term implica-
tions. Objectivity, experience, and insight all play important roles in this process.
This process is not complete, however, until the results of the
analysts' work are sent to the policymakers. Using several formats, ranging from
short, daily reports to videotapes to extensive research papers that may take
months to prepare, analysts pass their findings to a variety of consumers, includ-
ing the President and Vice President, appropriate Cabinet members, the
National Security Council, and other policymakers in the Departments of State,
Defense, Commerce, Energy, and Treasury. Analysts also frequently are called
on to give oral briefings to policymakers.
The DI employs specialists in a wide variety of fields: economic
and political analysis; scientific and military assessment geographic and biogra-
phic studies; and computer applications such as advanced data processing,
modeling and simulation, and analytical methodology. Most analysts work in
the Washington area, but they have frequent opportunities to travel abroad.
The DI encourages its people to complete or continue their studies with in-
house training or at outside universities.
In addition to substantive knowledge, DI men and women must
have excellent writing skills. They must be ready and able to produce whatever
kind of presentation is required, and they must be ready to work under demand-
ing deadlines and considerable pressure. Often, a few hours can make the differ-
ence between a critical prediction and an after-the-fact report.
The Directorate of Administration (DA) is the support element
of the CIA. Its men and women provide vital and innovative services in per-
sonnel and financial management, communications, computer technology,
medicine, security, logistics, and training.
Indeed, the DA offers worldwide opportunities for the most
diverse range of career disciplines in the CIA. Printers, photographers, televi-
sion production specialists, and graphic artists support the CIA's mission to
collect and produce finished intelligence. Telecommunications engineers,
physicians, security specialists, logistical support officers, and medical techni-
cians are crucial team members in the CIA's overseas operations. Architects
and engineers design new Agency facilities, such as the new one-million-
square foot headquarters annex. Security officers and engineers work together
to ensure that CIA facilities worldwide are secure from physical and technical
penetration. Computer programmers and analysts work with state-of-the-art
equipment and software to deliver a powerful array of information technol-
ogy to CIA and Intelligence Community professionals.
There are payrolls to be met; new employees to be interviewed,
hired, and trained; and a network of internal communications and informa-
tion systems to be installed and managed. The CIA's global financial oper-
ations are complex, demanding, and challenging. Personnel administration
offers unique opportunities in human resource management. The recruit-
ment of personnel is a special challenge, using one of the most highly deve-
loped security clearance procedures anywhere in the world.
Finally, a special group of administrative officers provides
broad general support to other CIA personnel in their collection and analysis
activities. These administrative generalists and "trouble shooters," who work
in mid- and senior-level management positions throughout the CIA, are
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PEOPLE: THE MOST IMPORTANT ASSET
More Diversity Than
Any Corporation
Special people with special missions. That describes the men
and women who have chosen careers in CIA. The tasks they perform are
often unique and require unusual skills. Even professions that may seem
ordinary elsewhere take on a special aspect, an added dimension, within CIA.
The range of professional fields the CIA requires to fulfill its mis-
sions is extraordinary. More than any business or industry, perhaps more than
any other government agency, the range of CIA responsibilities demands a di-
versity of expertise. The most specialized scientists, physicists, and engineers have
found careers in the CIA, and so have liberal arts graduates with the broadest of
interests: economists, engineers, and graphic artists. . . specialists in foreign lan-
guages and computer languages. . . the person who takes photographs and the
person who designs and builds cameras . . . political analysts and psychological
analysts . . . secretaries, data processors, media specialists, and librarians.
The nature of CIA's work is almost always secret, and this
affects the daily working lives of CIA people, particularly those working
abroad. Much of what we do is high-level, anticipating world events. Serving
the President and other policymakers is a great responsibility and adds a spe-
cial excitement to our work Few careers are as important as serving our coun-
try. CIA men and women take satisfaction from knowing that what we do is
truly important.
Doing work that counts. . . making a positive difference in the
world. . . these are things most people would like to do. Those who do so by
choosing careers in CIA find challenges and satisfaction there that simply are
not available anywhere else.
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CHALLENGING JOBS IN ALMOST EVERY DISCIPLINE IMAGINABLE
Automated Manufacturing/
CAD/CAM
Accounting
Agronomy
Anthropology
Architecture
Business Administration
Cartography
Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Communications
Computer Science
?ADP
? artificial intelligence
? data base management
? expert systems
? hardware and software
? networking
? operations
? programming
? systems analysis
Contract/Project Management
Crafts & Trades:
plastics, leather, wood, tools and
dies, printing, engraving, art,
papermaking, bookbinding,
ceramics, modelmaking, inks and
dyes, cabinetmaking
Economics/Econometrics
Electro-optics
Engineering
? aeronautiCal
? aerospace
? civil
? design
? electrical/electronic
? general
? human factors
? industrial
? mechanical
? nuclear
? structural
English
Finance
Foreign Languages
Foreign Area Studies
Geography
Graphic Design/Illustration
History
Human Resource Management
Imagery Analysis
International Relations
Journalism
Languages
Laser Technology
Law
Library/Documentation Science
Life Sciences
Materials Science
Mathematics
Medicine
Microelectronics
Military Science
Modeling and Simulation
Photogrammetry
Photography/Video
Physics
Political Science
Power Source/Storage TechnologY
Psychiatry
Psychology
Public Administration
Radar/Antenna Design
Satellite Technology
Sensing Technology
Signal Processing/Analysis
Social Science
Telemetry
Training
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A UNIQUE CAREER WITH REWARDS AND CHALLENGES YOU WON'T FIND ANYWHERE ELSE
TOP-QUALITY
Upward mobility, flexibility, and benefits make a career with CIA
an attractive choice and encourage a long-time commitment Advancement is as
rapid as merit and performance warrant.
Education and training are encouraged throughout a CIA career,
with dozens of courses of study available in-house as well as at colleges and uni-
versities. Medical care is always available, and health and exercise/recreation
facilities are provided at many locations. Many positions are in the beautiful
northern Virginia suburbs of Washington, D.C., with beaches and mountains
only a few hours away and all the cultural and cosmopolitan activities of the
nation's capital close at hand.
CIA personnel serving abroad receive special advantages in pay,
housing, education for dependents, medical care, and many other considerations.
Beyond the financial considerations of a good pay scale, beyond
the security of government benefits and the amenities of a large federal agency, is
the very personal reward of serving our country. For many, this is a primary con-
sideration. For others, there is also the challenge of working with the most
advanced state-of-the-art technologies and scientific equipment and techniques.
Still other men and women enjoy the rewards of being uniquely aware of up-to-
the-minute world events ? participating in them, reporting their implications to
the nation's policymakers, and helping shape the future. For all, there is the stim-
ulation of working in cooperation with other highly skilled and dedicated people.
For everyone at CIA, the rewards are a combination of these
considerations, personal and professional. CIA people are part of an honorable
tradition going back to the first chapters of our history, preserving peace and
security through vigilance and intelligence.
MEN AND WOMEN ARE ALWAYS NEEDED
Academic and
Career Enhancing
Opportunities for
Students
If you are an experienced professional or college student inter-
ested in employment with the CIA and a U.S. citizen, we invite you to contact
one of our personnel representatives listed on the following page for informa-
tion on employment opportunities. We ask that you provide us a comprehen-
sive resume outlining your relevant qualifications, educational background,
and work experience. The CIA, as an Equal Opportunity Employer, encour-
ages applications from U.S. citizens of all races, creeds, and ethnic
backgrounds.
Because of the sensitive nature of our work, applicants must
undergo security background and medical evaluations as well as a polygraph
examination. Applicants should apply well before they would be available for
employment because the entire application process can take six or more
months to complete.
Summer internships and cooperative education programs are
available for undergraduate as well as graduate students, offering flexible sched-
ules, diverse work opportunities, and tuition assistance. The programs enhance
students' academic study while enabling CIA to assess potential for permanent
employment Salaries are competitive with those paid in the private sector.
Interested individuals should contact a personnel representative or:
Coordinator for Student Programs
Department S, 4N20J
P.O. Box 1925
Washington, D.C. 20013
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STAT
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