SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP90-00065R000100140002-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 16
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 14, 2012
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: November 25, 1987
• Content Type: MISC

Declassified
in Part - Sanitized
Foreign
Broadcast
nformation
Service
Copy Approved for Release 2012/08/14: CIA-RDP90-00065R000100140002-6
For Official Use Only
CENTER
Vol. 2, No. 16
25 November 1987
, Science and Perspectives
, Technology
DEVELOPMENTS
Superconductivity
(Hungary) The Ministry of Industry has concluded a 13-million-forint R&D
contract with Lorand Eotvos University for the development of commercially
applicable superconductivity technologies (not further identified). (For
previous reporting on this university's superconductivity R&D, see
PERSPECTIVES Vol. 2, No. 9 p 7.) The Department of Natural Sciences at
Lajos Kossuth University in Debrecen also will participate in the contract. In
a related development, Hungary's National Technical Development
Committee has allocated 6 million forints in "emergency funding" for
superconductivity R&D, with 4 million going to the Central Physics Research
Institute and 2 million going to Lorand Eotvos University. (Budapest
COMPUTERWORLD/SZAMITASTECHNIKA No. 17, 26 Aug 87) Sari P.
X6342
(France) The National Telecommunications Research Center (CNET) has
manufactured a ceramic material with zero resistance below 73K and a
sudden fall in resistance at 95K. The chemical composition of the substance
is YBa2Cu09. CNET has also synthesized a dense, X-ray-pure ceramic
having beginning and end transition temperatures of 93K and 88K and
exhibiting the Meissner effect. (Paris FTS?FRENCH TECHNOLOGY
SURVEY Sep 87) Antwerp Unit/Sharon W. X6340
Continued on Page 1
FEATURED IN THIS ISSUE:
Military Technology
USSR: Chemical Weapon Disposal Page 3
The Soviets are highlighting their technical capability to peacefully dispose of chemical
weapons.
USSR: Ceramic Filter Against Blinding Light Page 6
The Soviets are expressing particular interest in US development of ferroelectric PLZT (lead,
lanthanum, zirconium, titanium) ceramic filters against blinding light.
FRANCE: VHSIC Production, Applications Page 8
The French are producing a variety of very-high-speed integrated circuits (VHSIC) for use in
military systems.
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The Madrid Eureka Conference
WEST/EAST EUROPE: Results of Eureka Conference Page 10
The pan-European program for high-technology development will shift the emphasis of its
project funding and will allow East Bloc participation in selected projects.
EC REPORT: Eureka Project Survey Page 11
Announcement
JPRS will soon present a new S&T report, entitled SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY/FOREIGN DATA
BASES, devoted exclusively to information compiled by FBIS Antwerp and Milan Units from foreign
commercial data bases. The initial report will be a follow-on to the Eureka coverage in this issue of
PERSPECTIVES. Future issues of this report will address not only single topics but a broad range of S&T
concerns.
REPORTS
New Publications
PRC: The Chinese Nuclear Industry Page 12
USSR: Bioelectronics Research Page 12
PREVIEWS Page 13
PERSPECTIVES selections are based solely on foreign press,
books and journals, or radio and television broadcasts. Some
of the materials used in this publication will appear as
abstracts or translations in FBIS serial reports. Comments
and queries regarding this publication may be directed to the
Managing Editor (Craig MI or to individuals at
the numbers listed with items.
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DEVELOPMENTS
DEVELOPMENTS highlights worldwide S&T events reported in the foreign media. Items
followed by an asterisk will be published by FBIS. The contributor's name and telephone number
are provided.
Aerospace (France) As an inducement to lower Ariane production costs, Arianespace
President Charles Bigot has offered French contractors a greater management
role in the Arianespace organization and has ordered fifty Ariane 4 launchers.
Bigot argues that cost reductions will increase Ariane's competitiveness in the
international launch market. Fifty satellite launches are booked "over the
next several years," with a total value of $2.5 billion. Bigot also announced
that the payloads for the two remaining 1987 Ariane 3 launches will be the
FRG's direct broadcast satellite, France's Telecom 1 c, and the US GTE
Spacenet/Geostar telecommunications satellite. The first launch of the
Ariane 4 is projected for February 1988, with the heavy-lift Ariane 5 slated
for launch in 1995. (Paris LE MONDE 17 Sep/9 Oct 87; Duesseldorf
HANDELSBLATT 23 Sep 87) Arlene A. X6344
(Hungary) The Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the National Technical
Development Committee (OMFB) have initiated a space technology program
and have assisted the Central Physics Research Institute (KFKI) in
establishing a space technology laboratory. Other program participants
include the Budapest Technical University, which is developing satellite
equipment for determining wave particle interactions and electron density in
the ionosphere and magnetosphere, and the Heavy Industry Technical
University (in Miskolc), which is conducting research on materials processing
in space, including new methods of casting. The five-year program has a
budget of 140 million forints (105 million forints having been allocated by
the Academy of Sciences and the KFKI, with the remainder coming from the
OMFB). (Budapest UJ IMPULZUS No. 18, 5 Sep 87) Sari P. X6342
Artificial (Japan) In order to promote the widespread use of ESP, a Prolog-based
Intelligence language developed by ICOT (the Institute for Next Generation Computer
Technology), the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, in
cooperation with eleven private firms, will establish the CESP Open Systems
Research Institute by year's end. With a five-year budget of five billion yen
(70 percent from the Key Technology Center, 30 percent from industry), the
Institute will improve ESP and create software to enable ESP programs to run
on UNIX workstations. (Currently, ESP programs run only on the MELCOM
PSI/II.) (Tokyo NIHON KOGYO SHIMBUN 18 Sep 87) Andy R. X6341
Microelectronics (Hungary) The Microelectronics Enterprise (MEV), whose chip
manufacturing plant was destroyed by fire last year, has set up a new
production line that will double the enterprise's previous capacity to fabricate
diodes and other types of transistors, according to MEV director Bela Balogh.
MEV will also give priority to the establishment of chip mounting and test
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Supercomputers
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
facilities. In addition, Balogh announced the establishment of the joint
Hungarian-Soviet Intermos Microelectronics Limited Liability Company,
which will fabricate integrated circuits. To be built in Budapest, the
production facility will be a 50-50 financial collaboration, with the Soviets
receiving half the plant's output. (Budapest NEPSZAVA 10 Sep 87) Sari P.
X6342
(Netherlands) R&D in submicron CMOS technology for the Philips-Siemens
Megaproject has led Philips to design its own optical wafer stepper. A license
to market the device, which is the key element in an IC production line, has
been granted to a German joint venture firm, the ASM Lithography
Company. (Paris L'USINE NOUVELLE 17 Sep 87) Antwerp Unit/Sharon
W. X6340
(France) The National Telecommunications Research Center (CNET) has
produced an organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy reactor capable of
producing epitaxial layers with highly uniform composition. The intended
application for this reactor is growth of binary, tertiary, and quaternary III/V
semiconductors on two-inch-diameter substrates. The new reactor features
easy loading and unloading suitable for industrial-scale production. Studies
are under way to adapt the reactor for three-inch-diameter substrates and to
grow epitaxial layers on several different substrates simultaneously. (Paris
FTS?FRENCH TECHNOLOGY SURVEY Sep 87) Antwerp Unit/Sharon
W. X6340
(Japan) Matsushita's Semiconductor Research Center and a group under
Professor Tatsuo Higuchi at Tohoku University have produced a highly
parallel, signed, base four, 32X32 multiplier which physically represents a
number's magnitude as a multiple of a 30-microamp-unit current and its sign
as the current's direction. Using 0.5 watts of power, the 30.2 mm2,
PMOS/CMOS circuit has an execution time of 59 nanoseconds (including
conversion back to base two). (Tokyo TRIGGER Sep 87) Andy R. X6341
(GDR) The Zeiss Combine and the East Berlin "Elektro-Apparate-Werke
(EAW) recently announced advances in integrated circuit design and
production. A new production line at Zeiss will manufacture 256 Kbit
memory circuits combining 600,000 transistor functions per chip and
intended for 16- and 32-bit computers. EAW has begun manufacturing
automated equipment for the design of microcomputer controls and
associated software. The GDR microelectronics sector reportedly has
120,000 employees. (Duesseldorf HANDELSBLATT 7 Oct 87) Eva L. X6339
(France) Access to the Cray-2 supercomputer recently installed in the Center
for Vector Calculus for Research (C2vR) at the Ecole Polytechnique in
Palaiseau, near Paris, will be divided among the Ecole Polytechnique, the
CNRS (French National Scientific Research Center), the Ministry of
National Education, the national weather service, and six other unnamed
institutes. In addition, 12 other facilities (not identified) are linked to the
Cray 2 through dedicated lines that transmit several million bits of data per
second. Satellite links are also being tested. (Leinfelden-Echterdingen DIE
COMPUTER ZEITUNG 16 Sep 87) Eva L. X6339
(Spain) The Spanish aircraft manufacturer CASA has installed a Cray
supercomputer at its Division of Projects and Systems in Madrid. Slated to
go into service early next year, the computer will be used primarily for flight
simulation and airframe studies in support of CASA's contract work on
Airbus and the Eurofighter. (Madrid EL PAIS 19 Sep 87)* Rosa M. X6287
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USSR: CHEMICAL WEAPON DISPOSAL
Key Points: In August, the Soviets announced that they are constructing a plant at Chapayevsk
for the destruction of chemical weapons. Shortly afterward, they invited an international
delegation from the Geneva Disarmament Conference to the Chemical Warfare Facility in
Shikhany. The Soviets are using these facilities as showpieces to improve their bargaining
position at the Geneva negotiations. In the process, however, a number of details about their CW
technology never before seen in the open press have surfaced in recent issues of PRAVDA,
IZVESTIYA, KOMSOMOLSKAYA PRAVDA, and SOTSIALISTICHESKAYA IND USTRIYA.
Chemical Weapons Destruction Facility at Chapayevsk
General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev announced in April 1987 that the USSR has begun
constructing a plant for destroying chemical weapons just outside Chapayevsk in a small village called
Zavolzhye in the Kuybyshevskaya Oblast. Minister of Foreign Affairs Eduard Shevardnadze reiterated
that announcement on 6 August at the Geneva Disarmament Conference, and descriptions of the plant
followed in articles in PRAVDA and IZVESTIYA on 18 September. Construction began in August
1986, according to PRAVDA, or in January 1987, according to IZVESTIYA, but both state that work is
now fully under way, and highly specialized processing equipment is already arriving. Colonel
Vyacheslav Konstantinovich Solovyev, head of the enterprise, and General-Colonel Vladimir
Karpovich Pikalov, Commander of the Chemical Troops of the USSR Ministry of Defense, have
emphasized the high priority of the project in terms of time and quality.
The enterprise was developed by planning-and-design organizations of the Ministries of Defense
and the Chemical Industry and will comprise several buildings. Metal structures of the plant's main
shop have already been built. Next to it will be a warehouse and storage facility for receiving weapons to
be destroyed, a unit for combusting solid and liquid wastes, a power plant with compressor and pump
stations, and a firefighting station. An engineering building which will house the entire electronic system
for controlling the technological process will be built farther away, according to Solovyev.
Soviet scientists and specialists in the fields of organic, inorganic, analytical, and other areas of
chemistry have developed a unique technology for destroying the weapons, based on physical and
chemical processes. Toxic agents will be transformed into common acids and salts. The transformation
will be irreversible, and it will be impossible to use the products to produce new CW agents, according to
Pikalov. Domestically produced automation and robotics will be used in the industrial process. The
Soviets claim that a built-in double back-up system and a triple direct-monitoring system will provide a
high level of plant safety, supported by the latest instrumentation and computer technology. The system
will control everything happening to a weapon from its arrival at the warehouse to the time it is
destroyed. Sensitive instruments will monitor the weapon through the destruction process, detect any
deviation in the process, and warn of toxic leaks.
The Chemical Troops of the Ministry of Defense will carry out weapons destruction under the
supervision of Col. Solovyev. Solovyev mentioned three lieutenants working under him: Andrey
Dosuzhkov, Aleksey Vikulin, and Vyacheslav Smirnov, who are 1987 graduates of the Tambovskoye
and Kostromskoye Higher Military Command Schools for Chemical Defense. They each studied
decontamination techniques at Block 4 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant for a month as part of
their field training, according to both PRAVDA and IZVESTIYA. The Soviets believe that their
experience with the Chernobyl accident makes them the most qualified to prevent or deal with any
future nuclear or chemical disaster. Only a few highly qualified engineers and technicians will work in
the actual plant since most of the operation will be automated.
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The Chapayevsk Plant is being built as part of a Soviet effort to showcase their resource and
technology investment in the destruction of chemical weapons. IZVESTIYA also expressed the hope
that by building and publicizing this facility and by allowing visitors to tour the USSR Chemical
Warfare Facility in Shikhany, the USSR would improve the outlook for negotiations at the Geneva
Disarmament Conference. According to IZVESTIYA, after all chemical weapons are destroyed, the
facility will be converted to the production of chemicals for civilian use.
Chemical Warfare Facility at Shikhany
On 3 October an international delegation of more than 100 representatives of 45 countries
participating in the Geneva Conference for Banning Chemical Weapons plus a number of observers
arrived at the Shikhany Chemical Warfare Facility on the Volga River to view chemical weapons used
by the USSR Armed Forces and Soviet technology for destroying them, according to PRAVDA,
KOMSOMOLSKAYA PRAVDA, AND SOTSIALISTICHESKAYA INDUSTRIYA. General-Major
Robert Fedorovich Razuvanov, formerly with the Chemical Service of the Pacific Fleet, directs the
Shikhany facility.
Subordinate to the Chemical Troops Administration of the USSR Ministry of Defense, Shikhany
was created to solve large-scale problems of equipping CW forces. The facility is divided into laboratory
and technical, administrative, industrial, storage, and residential zones. It has its own test area, where
the chemical weapons were displayed. "Every type of Soviet equipment for delivering chemical
ammunition was shown," including primary components of tactical missiles, aerial bombs, tube and
rocket artillery, hand grenades, and aircraft, according to PRAVDA. Nineteen standard models were
represented. Figures and formulas, weapon specifications, and characteristics of toxic agents were
displayed on stands. According to Pikalov in PRAVDA, however, "certain modifications which are
essentially similar from the standpoint of design and contents" were not shown. Pikalov, who addressed
the delegation, reminded them that Gorbachev announced in April 1987 that the USSR has ceased
chemical weapons production, that production of mustard gas, Lewisite, phosgene, and cyanogen
chloride ammunition was halted much earlier than in the US, that Warsaw Pact countries have not
conducted "exercises on working out the problems of using chemical weapons" in recent years, and that
the USSR has supplied no chemical weapons to other countries.
A 5 October article in PRAVDA highlighted a demonstration at Shikhany of the Soviets' new
"mobile chemical weapons destruction complex" in which a USSR 250 kg aerial bomb containing the
highly toxic nerve gas sarin was destroyed. The complex consists of an automated chemical laboratory, a
disarming chamber, a neutralization reactor, an automatic feed apparatus for supplying degassed
Specialists preparing a chemical weapon for destruction at the Shikhany mobile destruction
complex.
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Ministry of Defense expert General-Lieutenant Anatoliy Demyanovich Kuntsevich, who briefed the
delegation, stated that this was the first time a multinational viewing of chemical weapons had been
conducted, according to PRAVDA, KOMSOMOLSKAYA PRAVDA, and SOTSIALISTICHESKAYA
INDUSTRIYA. He attacked the US Senate for rescinding an amendment which would have banned the
production of binary chemical weapons, claiming that the creation of such weapons would open the way
for new types of CW agents to be produced in the chemical, herbicide, and pharmaceutical industries.
V. Karpov, Chief of the Arms Control and Disarmament Problems Department of the USSR
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, said that the gesture of opening Shikhany to foreign visitors may lead to
"eventual trips by Soviet experts to the US and countries possessing such weapons," according to
PRAVDA.
Kris P. X6322
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USSR: CERAMIC FILTER AGAINST BLINDING LIGHT
Key Points: The Soviets have expressed interest in US development of filters designed to protect
combat flight crews from the effects of blinding light. Particular attention has been focused on the
potential of indirect protective systems based on optically transparent ferroelectric PLZT (lead,
lanthanum, zirconium, titanium) ceramics, according to an article by A. Pavlov in TEKHNIKA I
VOORUZHENIYA (No. 8, 87).
Soviet experts believe that present filters intended to protect flight crews from blinding light are
ineffective because of the slow response time. Quoting a US Air Force statement to the effect that "the
limit of time permissible for short-term blindness of a pilot making a banked turn must not exceed five
seconds," the Soviets note that these filters inhibit the pilot's ability to visually control the aircraft
because they fail to return to transparency quickly enough.
1. Polarized light to the
PLZT layer
3. Polarized light t
1 from the PLZT
I layer
L Basic schematic of the operation of a
PLZT-ceramic electro-optical damper.Light
radiation passes through the two crossed
polarizers (1, 3), the planes of the
polarization of which are located at right
angles relative to each other. The working
element (a layer) of PLZT-ceramic (2) is
placed between the polarizers. An electric
current is fed to this. .
The light radiation of a nuclear explosion
causes the activation of the system's
electronic control circuit. Asa result the
current is interrupted and the plane of the
PLZT layer's polarization is reversed. This
' causes the light emitted from the ceramic
layer to be impeded by the polarizer (3).
II. Variant of a protective system based on
PLZT-ceramics: 1--protective covering
(used for transport); 2--plastic case; 3--
ceramic optical' elements; 4-- frame; 5--
electronic controlcircuit; 6--test button: 7--
shield for protectmg the lower part of the face
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According to Pavlov, there are two systems that will provide greater protection: direct and indirect
dynamic filtering. Response time (the time required for a system to react to a light flash) in direct
dynamic systems ranges from 50 to 150 microseconds. Opacity ranges from 0.4 to 0.1 in the open or
undamped state (in which 40 to 80 percent of the light penetrates) to 4.0 (in which 0.01 percent of the
light penetrates). Transition time to the original level of transparency ranges from one to five seconds.
Indirect dynamic systems transform incoming light into an electronic signal that can be impeded by
a pulse filter. There are three types of indirect dynamic systems: injector, photochromic, and electro-
optical. The injector may use a diluted graphite suspension or oleic acid nitrate as the damper.
Photochromic systems require some 150 microseconds for activation and two to three seconds to return
to transparency. Pavlov concludes that an electro-optical system using a transparent layer of PLZT
ceramic provides the most effective protection against blinding light. This system has the potential to
reduce the intensity of a light flash by a factor of 3,000 within 150 microseconds. The degree to which
the light is filtered is automatically regulated by photodiodes. The diagram above presents a Soviet
description of a PLZT-ceramic protective system.
Pavlov, however, observes that none of these systems is completely adequate and recommends that
they be used in combination to enable a pilot to see both the outside environment and his control panel.
Greg L. X6363
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FRANCE: VHSIC PRODUCTION, APPLICATIONS
Key Points: Intended to parallel the US VHSIC (very high-speed integrated circuits) program, the
French CITGV project, launched in 1983, has started production of signal-processing circuits for
next-generation guided missiles, radars, and jamming-resistant battlefield radio sets. By the end
of this year, the French plan to reduce circuit feature size from 2 microns to 1.25 microns in order
to increase circuit speed and facilitate integration, according to ELECTRONIQUE
INDUSTRIELLE (Sep 87). (For previous reporting on CITGV, see PERSPECTIVES Vol. 2,
No. 1 p 10)
Having set a goal of developing digital signal-processing VHSICs for specific military systems,
France's CITGV (the French acronym for VHSIC) program approached the task of circuit design by first
discussing signal processing requirements with military equipment manufacturers. This has resulted in
the creation of memory cells (circuits) adaptable to any manufacturer requirement.
At present, CITGV consists of three industrial subprograms: GETS (Signal Processing Study
Group); CCRC (CMOS Components for Radio Communications); and GTTS (Signal Processing
Working Group).
The main objective of GETS, initiated in early 1985, is to produce signal processing circuits for the
French MICA (Intercept and Air Combat Missile), scheduled to go into service in 1993. Other
applications include proximity fuses, small radars, and jamming equipment. While GETS cells are
currently being produced in 2-micron technology (referring to chip feature width) using techniques
developed by the Thomson subsidiary Mostek, 1.25-micron technology will be commercially available
in 1989. (See table below for circuit specifications.) The prime contractors for the project are ESD
(Electronique Serge Dassault) and its partners CSEE (Signals and Electrical Enterprises Company),
CETIA (Center for the Study of Technologies for the Ventilation Industries), and TRT (Radio and
Telephonic Communications).
A joint project of Thomson's Telecommunications division and TRT, CCRC is geared to the
production of circuits for fourth-generation, jamming-resistant battlefield radio sets. Other applications
in avionics and battlefield IFF (identification friend or foe) are also in the research stage at Thomson's
subsidiaries Cimsa-Sintra and LMT (Telephone Equipment). Using computer-aided design, CCRC has
developed a library of 30 cells in 2-micron technology, 20 of which are now operational. These cells will
be converted to 1.25-micron technology by the end of 1987 while sets of 10 and 15 cells, designed
directly in 1.25-micron technology, will go into production in late 1987 and early 1988 respectively.
Comparison of GETS and CCRC circuits in 1.25-micron technology
GETS CCRC
Operating frequency 20-50 MHz 25-30 MHz
Number of gates 20,000-60,000 20,000-50,000
Surface area of circuit less than 80mm2 less than 100mm2
Circuit power consumption 1-3 W less than 500 mW
Propagation time per gate 1-2 nanoseconds (ns) several ns
(time required for point-to-point trans-
mission of binary information within a
system)
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Started in early 1982, the GTTS subprogram has focused on bipolar technology to produce two
families of Schottky Transistor Logic circuits in 2-micron technology. Intended for radar applications,
one family named "Moustic" integrates four different circuits in SIMD (single instruction, multiple
data) architecture and has a processing power of 320 MFlops (million floating point operations per
second). No specific applications were indicated for the second family (unnamed), which combines
seven different circuits to perform Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculations in 5.12 milliseconds (FFT
calculations can be used in spectral analysis). Although no time frame was indicated, GTTS circuits are
also scheduled for production in 1.25-micron technology.
The high-yield production of 20,000-gate circuits with no defects has been a highlight of the CITGV
program, according to GTTS chief Claude Legendre, who estimates the French now lag behind the US
program by only two to three years.
Eva L. X6339
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WEST EUROPE: RESULTS OF EUREKA CONFERENCE
Key Points: Two decisions made at the Eureka ministerial conference held in Madrid on 14 and
15 September will open Eureka to participation by East Bloc countries and admit 58 new projects
totalling ECU709 million into the Eureka program. The issue of attracting bank and venture
capital funding also dominated the conference, according to September reporting in
HANDELSBLA TT, LE MONDE, and NRC HANDELSBLAD.
Previously limited to participation by its 19 West European member countries, Eureka now has
"guidelines" (not further detailed) that were ratified in Madrid to allow involvement by the East Bloc
and other non-member countries, including the US. Notably, Yugoslavia and Hungary will be admitted
to the Eurotrac (environmental technology) and Cosine (computer communications) projects started in
1985. However, export controls reportedly will be placed on sensitive technology.
Another highlight of the Madrid conference was the approval of 58 new projects, bringing the total
number of Eureka projects to 165 and the budget to ECU4 billion. Reflecting a shift in funding priorities
from information technology to factory automation and lasers, the new R&D efforts include:
Computer integrated manufacturing and robotics: ECU242 million, 21 projects
Laser technology: ECU128 million, 6 projects
Information technology: ECU62 million, 9 projects
Telecommunications technology: ECU55 million, 2 projects
Biotechnology: ECU27 million, 11 projects
New materials: ECU10 million, 2 projects.
France is participating in 23 of the new projects, the FRG and Italy each in 17, and the Netherlands in
13. (For details on specific programs, see the EUREKA PROJECT SURVEY on the next page.)
Faced with increased funding requirements needed to convert about 90% of Eureka's projects from
the precompetitive stage to the commercial stage, Eureka ministers also debated methods of attracting
private funding from banks and venture capital firms. Two proposals, slated for discussion at a special
June 1988 meeting in Copenhagen, include the formation of an insurance fund to cover the financial
risks engendered by highly advanced, novel R&D and the creation of special tax breaks for private
financial institutions that support Eureka projects. Member governments are seeking to reduce their
funding levels, which now account for approximately 40 percent of each individual project.
Eva L. X6339
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EC REPORT: EUREKA PROJECT SURVEY
Based on a European Community press release of 17 September 1987, the following survey
presents a description of Eureka projects given the highest priority at the Madrid conference.
Eureka projects are initiated by private industry and submitted to the Eureka Council of
Ministers for funding approval.
TECHNOLOGY AND PROJECT TITLE DESCRIPTIVE
FACTORY AUTOMATION
FAMOS
Intelligent Automated Inspection and
Analysis of Integrated Circuits
LASERS
Eurolaser
10 kW CO2 Laser Modules and Related
Systems
Laser Work Station for Surface
Treatment
UNDERWATER ROBOTS
Advanced Underwater Robots for
Underwater Working/Inspection and
Long Range Autonomous Missions
AVIATION
Eurofar (European Future Advanced
Rotorcraft)
Antwerp Unit/Eva L. X6339
Comprising six subprograms totalling ECU96.80
million, FAMOS aims to develop flexible workshops
and computer-integrated manufacturing systems for the
production of engine parts, electronic components, and
telecommunications equipment. Countries involved:
UK, FRG, France, Italy, Spain, Belgium, Sweden.
Switzerland and France are involved in this ECU14.90
million project to develop an expert system for
automated inspection and testing of customized ICs.
The industrial application of high power lasers and the
design of multikilowatt excimer and solid state lasers
are the goals of this ECU81.70 million project.
Countries involved: Austria, Denmark, France, FRG,
Italy, Spain, UK, Greece, Netherlands, Sweden.
This ECU28 million project seeks to boost the
efficiency of manufacturing systems that use high power
lasers. Countries involved: Belgium, Austria, Italy,
Spain.
Italy and the FRG will conduct research in this ECU18
million project to study new optical systems for laser
beams.
The design and production of a tethered, semi-
autonomous working and inspection robot and an
autonomous surveying robot are the goals of this
ECU50 million project. Countries involved: UK, Italy,
Denmark.
ECU46 million has been allocated for the development
of an aircraft featuring tilting rotors mounted at the
wing tips to provide a vertical takeoff and landing
capability and high cruising speeds. Countries involved:
FRG, Italy, France, UK.
11
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REPORTS
REPORTS surveys science and technology trends as detailed in articles, books, and journals. It
also includes summaries and listings of articles and books which may serve as potential sources
for future research. Conference proceedings will occasionally be presented in this section.
NEW PUBLICATIONS
PRC: THE CHINESE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY
The recently published 3-volume book entitled CHINA'S NUCLEAR INDUSTRY is the first
comprehensive PRC study of that country's independent R&D in such fields as atomic- and hydrogen-
bomb technology and nuclear-powered submarine development. The work also details the organization
of the nuclear power industry. It relies heavily on previously unpublished archival records and transcript
material dating from the inception of the PRC nuclear industry and continuing to the present.
The book is organized as follows:
Volume 1: The establishment and development of the PRC's nuclear industry.
Volumes 2/3: The organizational makeup of the nuclear industry presented by department and
areas of technical expertise.
Translated excerpts on topics such as atomic bomb technology, nuclear submarine development,
isotope separation, and reactor construction will appear in a special issue of the JPRS REPORT:
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY/CHINA.
For advance copies, contact Parker H. X6336.
USSR: BIOELECTRONICS RESEARCH
The July-August issue of BIOTEKHNOLOGIYA contains the review article "Biotechnology and
New Materials for Electronics" by R. I. Gilmanshin and P. I. Lazarev from the Scientific Research
Computation Center of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Pushchino. The article covers various topics
in molecular electronics research, including Langmuir-Blodgett film applications, biosensors employing
enzymes, antibodies, or ion-selective electrodes, applications of photosensitive bioorganic materials
such as bacteriorhodopsin, and use of organic materials with electronic properties. The authors discuss
some advantages of organic molecules compared to traditional semiconductor materials and the
problems in developing molecular electronic systems. They stress that biotechnology can serve as a
source of new materials for molecular electronics by creating molecules with the necessary architecture
to be used in such systems.
A translation of the review will appear in SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY/USSR: LIFE SCIENCES.
Marilyn B. X6330
12
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PREVIEWS
PREVIEWS is an annotated list of selected science and technology items being translated by
FBIS. The list may also contain previously published items of wide consumer interest.
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY/EUROPE & LATIN AMERICA
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE ENGAGED IN NEURAL COMPUTER R&D
Article describes the efforts of a Max Planck research team in Garching, funded by a BMFT grant,
to develop neural computers. (Munich HIGHTECH Sep-Oct 87)
FUNDING, OBJECTIVES OF EUROLASER PROJECT DETAILED
Article gives the definition-phase cost estimate for this project, begun in 1985 under the leadership
of FIAR, for development of industrial lasers. (Turin MEDIA DUEMILA Sep 87)
FIAT-POLAND FINAL AGREEMENT ON JOINT AUTO PRODUCTION
Article describes the funding, timeframe, and other contractual terms connected with FIAT's
possible production of a medium-sized automobile in Poland. (Milan ITALIA OGGI 10 Sep 87)
FRG INTENSIFIES GaAs R&D FOR MICROELECTRONICS
Article reports on the increased BMFT support for GaAs research to Fraunhofer and Max Planck
Associations, Siemens, Wacker Chemitronic, and Telefunken. (Munich HIGHTECH Sep-Oct 87)
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF ARIANE V HM 60 VULCAIN ENGINE
Using detailed schematic diagrams, SEP (European Propulsion Company) scientists outline the
operation of the Vulcain engine (designed for the Ariane V), including its hydraulic, thrust chamber,
turbopump, and gas generator subsystems. (Paris L'AERONAUTIQUE ET L'ASTRONAUTIQUE
No. 2-3, 87) (Published in JPRS-ELS-87-050, 16 Oct 87, pp 10-26)
DISCUSSION OF FRANCE'S SCIENCE-MILITARY CONNECTION
Interview with Paul-Ivan de Saint Germain, director of the Center for Advanced Studies at the
Ministry of Defense, on the DRET (Directorate of Research Studies and Techniques) and the
relation between the scientific community and military weapons development programs. (Paris LA
RECHERCHE Oct 87)
FRANCE'S RESEARCH MINISTER ON R&D FUNDING
Interview with Research Minister Jacques Valade concerning the new 1988 R&D budget. (Paris
L'USINE NOUVELLE 1 Oct 87)
FRENCH SUPERCOMPUTER PROJECTS OVERVIEWED
Evaluation of France's current supercomputer projects: ISIS (Bull), MARIE (CIMSA-SINTRA), and
Marianne (parallel architecture using 16 MARIE machines). (Paris LE MONDE INFORMATIQUE
7 Sep 87)
WEST EUROPE REPORT
ITALY, FRANCE SIGN AGREEMENT ON HELIOS PARTICIPATION
Article discusses the recently signed memorandum of understanding concerning Italy's 14 percent
participation in the development of the French Helios military satellite. (Milan IL SOLE 24 ORE
24 Sep 87)
13
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For Official Use Only
For Official Use Only
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/08/14: CIA-RDP90-00065R000100140002-6