LETTER TO WILLIAM H. WEBSTER FROM WILBUR A. STEGER

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP89G00643R000800080001-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 20
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 10, 2011
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: June 25, 1987
• Content Type: LETTER

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The DCI's office received a call from
Debbie Corsini [phone] regarding the
attached. Could you give Ms. Corsini a call
and tell her who would be the best person in the
Agency to talk with Imo. Steger about this matter.
REMARKs
DO NOT use thb form as a RECORD of approvals, concurrences, disposals,
clearanws, and similar actions
FROM: (Name, orp. srm~boJ, ApencrlPosf)
Room No.-91dp.
O'TIOMAL FORM 41 (Ras. 7-7q
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CONSAD
CONSAD RESEARCH CORPORATION
121 North Highland Avenue
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206
Telephone [phone]
Cable Address-CONSAD
Mr. William H. Webster
Director
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D.C. 20505
~ F~~~~~~z ~~~~
l 87-2546X
_-
To meet the challenge posed to the Central Intelligence Agency by the
President's Executive Order (E.O. 12564) for a drug-free federal work
environment, energetic agency leadership, dedicated management, and
first-rate technical expertise will be required. The program envisaged
by the Executive Order can provide significant and far reaching benefits
for the federal workforce and the American public.
Given the need to expedite this program, you may be looking for experts
and specialists to assist in its immediate implementation. Even if
resources are at your disposal, you may nevertheless wish to engage a
highly experienced team of experts specialized in drug abuse in the
workplace. In either case, allow me to tell you about CONSAD, which has
been a leading consulting firm in the drug abuse prevention, deterrence,
and treatment field since the early 1970s. Current assignments with
government and the private sector provide CONSAD with unique capabilities
to be of immediate service to your agency.
CONSAD, its staff, and expert consultants, have been in the thick of the
drug-free workplace initiative, working as policy, program, and procedural
advisors to government agencies and several Fortune 500 companies. My
colleagues and I have been helping agencies and organizations balance
the "hammer" and the "helping hand" approaches to what a well-conceived
workplace strategy can achieve: a significant reduction in on-the-job
drug use, a marked increase in productivity and other performance and
cost-reducing measures, a heightened confidence in security measures,
and better employee morale. We have focused our attention on agency and
corporate leadership at all levels, and on achieving employer-employee
cooperation on substance abuse detection, prevention, and treatment
issues. I believe that this experience (military and non-military
public sector, and all sizes and segments of the private sector) is
highly relevant -- albeit with suitable modification -- to your agency's
needs.
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CONSAD
Mr. William H. Webster
25 June 1987
Page Two
To achieve the degree of excellence covering all facets of the drug-free
initiative -- from applicant and in-service ("sensitive positions" and
others) drug testing to Employee Assistance Programs (~P), management
information, education and training components, and security -- at least
three basic tasks are involved. CONSAD's current assignments for federal
agencies involve the providing of specific technical assistance covering
each of these task areas:
i. Assist in defining the drug-free workplace program and in the
delineation of specific procedures and protocols required for
an effective testing program, building on any adapting the
HHS guidelines as needed;
2. Assist in the development of an information and record-keeping
system to support program components and to serve as a vehicle
for program evaluation; and
3. Begin the design of promotional and educational materials to
increase employee awareness of issues related to substance
abuse, the development of curricula for substance abuse training,
and the provision of training to selected groups.
A CONSAD representative can describe our services in more detail at your
convenience. I have attached a copy describing some o~ CONSAD's experience
in this substantive field.
I hope you will call upon us to further explore how we might be of help
to the Central Intelligence Agency in this matter.
Sincerely,
Wilbur A. Steger
President
WAS:jf
Attachment
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ATTACHMENT CONSAD: Relevant Drug Abuse Experience
CONSAD Research Corporation has a great deal of experience and capability
providing substance abuse-related information, analysis, education,
and evaluation services. For more than a decade and a half, CONSAD has
performed nationally prominent assignments concerning substance abuse in
the workplace, beginning with its pathbreaking ce*:sus of Drug Abuse in
Industry (for the National Institute of Mental Health in the early- to
mid-1970s) and continuing with drug abuse prevention and treatment
studies/activities for the public and private sec_ors at the present
time. CONSAD has performed national attitudinal and behavioral surveys
related to substance abuse, coordinated and cond::cted workshops on
related research, has evaluated prevention and treatment programs, and
more. CONSAD's contributions range from the identification and defini-
tion of key policy and programmatic issues, to t:~e development and
implementation of methodologies to assess specific concerns and evaluate
programs and policies, to the transfer of creatire and workable ideas
into effective plans and actions.
CONSAD's lengthy experience in substance abuse i~ the workplace assign-
ments is encompassed within CONSAD's more than t-:~ decades of history
in occupational safety and health programs and p-~jects. Today, for
example, CONSAD is a major regulatory analysis ccztractor for OSHA. For
federal and private sector agencies and organizations, CONSAD performs
the following types of services:
? Needs assessment;
? Field surveys and data collection (DHH:, DoD, DoED, SAODAP,
others);
? Policy development and analysis: impart and evaluation
analysis;
? Training, education, and orientation;
? Testing and quality control;
? Management information systems;
? Outcomes/process monitoring; and
? Rating systems.
More than 25 such projects are briefly listed in the following exhibit.
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EXHIBIT I: CONSAD Substance Abuse Contracts
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Taelmlcal Aasiawnee
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ayd Training
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1. Collection and Malysis of Data on
X
Y
Y
X
X
Z t
Ni rant Health Carc Centers (NIDA
X
X
X
X
X
X
2. Wock-hop on Alooholism and Aleoho~l buss
X
X
X
anion Vomen (NIAAAI.
X
X
3. Dcslgn and Impluocnt a Survey of loath a
Risk for Alcohol Problems (NIAAA}_?
X
X
X
X
Z
4. Evaluation of the NIAaA Training errant
X
X
Z
X
Pro r+m NLAAA).*
X
X
Z
X
5. Develop a Report Analysis of Matesrials
Available for the Office of Comruaieati
and Public Affairs !ELDA).
X
X
X
X
Z
Z
6. Development of a IJ1A.Y Policy !bnog~aph
NIOA).?
X
X
X ~
X
X
X
7. Evalwtion of !1IAAAlNIDA career Tmcbar
~
Pro ram NIAM) .
X
X
I
X
X
X
X
X
Z
8. Evaluation of Treatment Approaches ioc
~
I
X
Z
Z
Z
Dru Abusin Youth (NIDA).
Z
Z
X
Z
X
Y
X
X
X
9. Evalwtion of the Area Alcohol Edaautioy
~
and Trainin Pro rae (NIAM).
X
X
X
X ~
X
X
X
Y I
Z
l0. Evaluation of State and Cosunity
I
X
X
X
~
I
X
Alcoholism Prevention Pro rams (NZAAA
X
X
X
X
X
X
[ i
Z
X
11. Evaluation of Bureau of Prisons Addict
(
Coamltment Client Outcomes (BOP).
S
Z
X (
X
X
Z
x
12. Demonstration of Third Party 5tr:zy;ley
I
~
~
for SSA'a (NIDA).
I
Z
Z
X
X
X
Z
X
X
X
X
x
13. Malysis of Third Party iusimbursemeac of
I
I
I
~
~
Dru? Treatment Services (NIDA).
T
X
X
X
X
X
Z
X
Z
X
Z
Z
X
1~. Design sad Presentation of an In-Service
Training Prograa liodel (U. S. Arsgr. Dr
X
Z
Z
!iedieal Center
I
t;
X
13. Catalog of Drug Abusa Prcvancion lrogzas
~
Evaluations NIDA
Z
Z
Z
Z
X
X
X
X
I x
X
X
Z
16. A Surve of Dru Abuse in industt+ Ni!$)
17. Technical Aysiycanee co Drug Abuse
Z
Z
X
Z
Traa[sent Pro rass NIDA
Z
Z
X
Z
Z
X
Z
Z
Z
I8. Ptofeaylonal Program for Personnel of
Dapt. of cha Army Alcehol sad Dtu~ ADuss
Prevention sad Control Pzo;ran (Q_S.Arsq.
Brooke Medical Center).
Z
X
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
19. Analysis and Evalwcion of Arary Alcohol
and Drug Treatment Programs (Offio~ of
~
the Suc eon General, U. S. A
Z
X
Z
X
Z
Z
X
X
20. Technical Assistance to SSnRle StaLc
A eneies for Dru Abuse Preventioa(SAO
Y
X
X
X
X
X
X
K
X
Z
2l. Evaluation o[ Drug Abuse Training Progr
Administered b N[HM NIHM
Y
X
.X
X
X
X
X
22. Evaluation of Bureau of Prisons Dttiyt
Abuse Pro rams (NARA II SAODAP _
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
23. Design of Reporting RcQuirenents ad Cos
t
Findln Methodolo [or Drua ProblsY (0
X
X
X
x
X
X
X
24. Selected Aspects of Drug Abuse Reiazad
Civil CoaaEcmcnt PrORraea (SAODAP)_
X
X
X
X
2 Survey and .wlysls of Drug Abuse
x
x
26. IXstKn/ leplenci~ttciun of Training M'toR.
X
X
Z
X
X
for Uru? llsera Enrolled al +. ':inowes
skills Ceuu?r (L.S. Otf ice nfr:dur~t i~nl
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CONSAD's substance abuse education and training programs are custom-
tailored to the needs of a particular organization. Training sessions
can be targeted to supervisors, hourly and salaried employees, manage-
ment, labor organizations, or other groups. The content of these aware-
ness and orientation programs usually includes, as a core curriculum, the
following topics: organiztion policy, pharmacology, symptoms/effects of
use, quality control and testing, roles and responsibilities, EAP/referral
and recognition/probable cause.
Current Assignments -- For military, federal, civilian agency, and cor-
porate clients (e.g., General Dynamics, General Electric, Alcoa, and
others), current assignments are initiated with the development of a pro-
posed strategy for developing a comprehensive alcohol and drug program
and establishing a plan for its implementation. A key element is the de-
velopment of detailed objectives, understood and agreed upon by all in-
volved. The following types of issues are included:
? Review of current programs and projects on alcohol/drug abuse
? Formal identification of the need for the program
? Evaluation of the work environment
? Policy dissemination and discussion
? Performance analysis and self-evaluation
? Community relations
? Ability to obtain management worker interest and support
~ Development of short- and long-range strategies
? Program controls
? Knowledge about level of drug use
? Corporate participation in education and training programs
Included is a review of corporate (agency) policies and procedures relative
to labor relations, personnel, training, employee assistance and rehabili-
tation programs in order to gain insights into the company. If there are
records on sick leave, absenteeism, workmen's compensation claims, tardi-
ness, arbitrations on discipline, or other personnel matters that might
reflect on alcohol or drug abuse, that information is utilized in formulat-
ing a comprehensive policy on alcohol and drug abuse. Included in this
assessment is an examination of these issues:
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? Safety in the workplace
? The employees' health
? The prohibition against sale or distribution of
illegal drugs or controlled substances
? The off-duty relationship
? The role of legal substances prescribed by a
physician
? The need for and extent of drug testing
? The company's EAP
? Company policy on disciplinary action
? The relationship between drug and alcohol abuse
? Linkage with law enforcement officials.
Following and pursuant to the communication of the agreed-upon policy,
these other program elements are evaluated, designed and implemented:
? Employee testing
-- Pre-employment and post-employment
-- Development of collection procedures
-- Selection of laboratory facilities
-- Quality control procedures
-- Monitoring results
? Design of a train ing/communication program
? Selection of counselling and treatment facilities
? Assessment of incidence, prevalence, and security issues
(e.g., sources, levels, targets)
? Drug abuse data analysis system
? Training of hourly and salaried personnel
? Community/public relations
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The following project summaries briefly destiribe some of CONSAD's
experiences in the substance abuse field in the _ast several years.
? DEMONSTRATION VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND REHABILITATION PROGRAM F~_R
DRUG ABUSE TREATMENT CLIENTS: Under ~ subcontract to the Cen[r!
Labor Rehabilitation Council, AFL/CIO, CONSAD was responsible r-r
evaluating a demonstration program for training drug abuse treat-
ment clients. Specifically, CONSAD's :cork included:
- Designing a research/evaluation me~~odology;
- Developing client and program forms and records;
- Developing and implementing a project monitoring
system;
- Training project and treatment program staffs in
the use of all instrumentation;
- Participating in data acquisition activities;
- Analyzing data; and
- Preparing evaluation reports.
The purpose of the demonstration was :~ test alternative voca-
tional training and rehabilitation morels for use with employed
and unemployed drug abuse treatment clients within the context
of labor unions, and determining the :easibility of implementing:
models and/or model components in various environments.
? A SURVEY OF DRUG ABUSE IN INDUSTRY: ~:JNSAD conducted a nation-
wide study of drug abuse in industry :~r NIMH. The primary ob-
jectives of the project were to determine: (1) the extent and
nature of employee drug use in the industrial setting; (2) its
effects on job performance; (3) the ea_ent and nature of drug
treatment programs in industry; and (-) policies and practices
of industrial employers with respect =~ the hiring and retention.
of drug users.
In fulfilling this objective, CONSAD surveyed almost 200 business
and industrial establishments engaged in various types of both
manufacturing and non-manufacturing production in all parts of
the U.S. A first field phase provides company information and
drug use estimates from corporate officials and staff such as
personnel and medical directors. The second field phase pro-
vided 50 percent samples of employees at the selected business
and industrial facilities. Based ups-. this extensive research
base, CONSAD assisted NIMH and other :ederal agencies in develop-
ing public policies dealing with emp:_-~ee drug use, and provieC;
research support to industry in addressing related issues. These
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issues included recommendations for resource allocation models,
analysis of appropriate public/private solution strategies, de-
velopment of standards, procedures, and policies for alleviating
industrial problems related to employee drug use, as well as
assessment and possible modification of personnel policies re-
lating to the hiring or retention of former and/or current drug
users. Nearly 5000 survey instruments were collected, processed
and analyzed for this project.
? DESIGN AND PRESENTATION OF AN IN-SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM MODEL:
CONSAD designed and presented an in-service training program model
for clinical directors of the Army's Alcohol and Drug Abuse Pre-
vention and Control Program (ADAPCP). The objective of the pro-
ject was to train clinical directors in methods of assessing
staff in-service training needs and applying the program to
their own staff in the following areas:
-
Current policy;
-
Individual counseling skills;
-
Group counseling skills;
-
Linking individual and group counseling;
-
Drug/alcohol
counseling;
-
Consultation
skills;
-
Utilization
of professional staff;
-
Use of adjunct services; and
-
Case recording.
CONSAD developed the methodology for assessing the in-service
training needs of ADAPCP staff, prepared a trainer's manual with
lesson-by-lesson guidelines for implementing the in-service train-
ing program, a student's manual for trainees at the installation
level, and an instrument for measuring the effectiveness of the
implementation of the in-service training program. Finally,
CONSAD conducted a conference in using the model at San Antonio,
Texas, for 25 clinical directors of ADAPCP programs.
? PLAN AND CONDUCT A WORKSHOP ON ALCOHOLISM AND ALCOHOL ABUSE
AMONG WOMEN: To develop current knowledge of alcohol abuse and
alcoholism among women, to disseminate new findings among cur-
rently active researchers, and to develop a plan and strategy for
future research to identify specific research opportunities, CON-
SAD planned and conducted a conference or. alcohol abuse and alco-
holism among women involving the following tasks:
- Developed a comprehensive program for the conference
including etiological factors, case findings, biolog-
ical and psychological effects, and patterns and
incidence of use among female populations;
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- Surveyed the scientific and research communities to
assist in selection of appropriate conference par-
ticipants;
- Completed all logistical arrangements for the con-
ference;
- Assisted in the preparation of, and edited all con-
ference papers; and
- Prepared a conference report document.
? EVALUATION OF DRUG ABUSE TRAINING PROGRA'SS ADMINISTERID BY NIMH:
CONSAD evaluated NIMH-funded training programs at Queens College,
N.Y., and Yale University, New Haven, Conn. This assessment
involved a review of program participants, the selection of an
appropriate sample, the tracking and interviewing of the sample,
and the analysis of data in terms of evaluation of training pro-
gram components.
Many trainees (serving as employees of drug abuse treatment
programs) are ex-abusers, and perhaps even current users.
Therefore, extensive time was spent in interviewing trainees
to obtain first hand data on training program impact. This
involved site visits over a broad geographic area, and required
a highly experienced field staff sensiti~-e to the predispositions
of the respondent populations, and skilled in the acquisition and
transmittal of data.
An extensive final report was prepared by CONSAD dealing with:
the characteristics of the trainees; overall evaluations of the
programs by the trainees; program impact ~n knowledge; trainee
attitudes and values and impact of the program on these attitudes;
analysis of program effects on actions and performances; and other
related effects. CONSAD also delineated major conclusions of the
analysis, as well as recommendations for program improvement.
? PROFESSIONAL PROGRAM FOR PERSONNEL OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION AND CONTROL PROGRAM: CONSAD
developed and conducted a professional staff development training
program for personnel of Army Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention
and Control Program (ADAPCP). The goal of the project was to
provide staff with those capabilities and skills which would per-
mit them to better perform present and anticipated tasks. To this
end, CONSAD developed a three-phased training program, as follows:
- Huznan Relations Training, including group processes,
communications theories, feedback systems, interper-
sonal process recall, and group facilitation.
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Learning Theory and Training Design, including program
design and development, laboratory design, experimental
learning, curriculum development, and multi-media appli-
cations.
- Consultation Skills, including personal inventory, theo-
retical basis of consultation, grouping by needs, simula-
tion and role-playing.
Training sessions were conducted in San Diego, California, Atlanta,
Georgia, and Ansbach, Germany. Following the third phase, CONSAD
delivered on-site technical assistance to trainees at their home
bases in the United States, Europe, and the Far East. During the
technical assistance process, CONSAD assisted ADAPCP staff irr de-
veloping and implementing drug abuse prevention strategies for
Army personnel.
? TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO DRUG ABUSE TREATMENT PROGRAMS: CONSAD
participated in a national contract for the delivery of tech-
nical assistance to selected drug abuse treatment programs.
Based on technical assistance requests from the programs and
specifications for technical assistance provided by NIDA, CONSAD
developed detailed technical assistance plans for NIDA approval
and provided concentrated on-site assistance to a wide range of
treatment programs, including several funded jointly by NIDA and
the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration of the Department
of Justice, under a program called TASC (Treatment Alternatives
to Street Crime). After each on-site visit, a detailed report
was prepared for NIDA and the client program. Strong emphasis
was placed on the development of useful "products," such as re-
vised job descriptions and organizational structures, sample
treatment plans, and other record forms, which would be of con-
tinuing value to the treatment program.
CONSAD had primary responsibility for all technical assistance
involving third-party reimbursements or relationships with the
criminal justice system, and for assignments in the Midwest.
However, CONSAD teams and technical assistance specialists were
sent to all parts of the nation, from New York to Los Angeles,
and Minnesota to Puerto Rico. Technical assistance focused on
program management, clinical services and staff development,
program and client record-keeping, and interface with other
agencies.
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? EVALUATION OF TREATMENT APPROACHES FOR DRUG ABUSING YOUTH:
CONSAD performed a study of youth drug programs and evaluation
methodologies used in assessing the impact of such programs
for NIDA. The project had three primary objectives:
The design and validation of a model evaluation
protocol for use by both NIDA and individual pro-
grams in assessing the performance and effective-
ness in youth abuse treatment programs;
The preparation of an instructional manual for
the application of this evaluation protocol,
including specific steps to be followed in
carrying out each phase of the evaluation process;
and
- Review of the appropriateness of NIDA's model
program guidelines for use in evaluation of future
grant applications for youth drug abuse treatment
programs.
CONSAD designed and tested the evaluation model in more than
twenty youth drug treatment programs, and prepared procedural
documentation for its continuing application.
? DEVELOP A REPORT ANALYSIS OF MATERIALS AVAILABLE FROM THE OFFICE
OF COMMUNICATIONS AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS: Under an Indefinite Quan-
tity Contract work order with NIDA, CONSAD developed an infor-
mation dissemination and communications plan and a report anal-
ysis of the materials available from the Office of Communica-
tions and Public Affairs (OCPA) in terms of their appropriate-
ness for NIDA and the currency and effectiveness of the presen-
tation of these materials for their projected target audiences.
For this project, CONSAD reviewed dissemination activities and
procedures at NIDA as well as at several other agencies (NLAAA,
PHS, DOEd, and others) to identify effective research dissemi-
nation plans. A panel of expert consultants in education and
drug abuse research were convened to discuss issues and poten-
tial communications plans.
As part of this effort, CONSAD also reviewed all OCPA materials,
wrote a brief description of each, and categorized each in terms
of major subject focus and projected target audiences. CONSAD
also gathered background data from users of OCPA materials by
reviewing drug abuse inquiries from the public, interviewing
NIDA, SSA staffs, Advisory Council members, and others with spe-
cif is interest in drug abuse materials, and by reviewing repre-
sentative materials produced by other similar private and public
components.
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? PERFORM AN EVALUATION OF THE NIAAA TRAIti LAG GRANT PROGRAMS:
The purpose of this study was to provide statistical informa-
tion for a five year period regarding types and amounts of
training provided through the Clinical Training Grant Program
and to design and field test a methodology to evaluate the
effectiveness of The Clinical Training Grant Program. The
description aspect provided a summary statistic on numbers of
stipends given each year, disciplines and characteristics of
rec ipients and non-stipend persons trained. The evaluation
aspect included the development and field test of a methodo-
logy to determine the impact of individual grants, the success
of each project in meeting its own objectives, and NL9AA goals
and objectives for the Clinical Training Grant Program. CONSAD
developed a typology of trainees including such dimensions as
educational background, type of training received, type of em-
ployment held, and type of institution providing training in-
cluding professional paraprofessional, and volunteer personnel.
Trainee completion rates were determined. The evaluation method-
ology developed included spec if ication of such measures as pro-
gram effects on students, faculty, training institution, the
alcohol delivery system to which it relates, and residual effect
on the institution after expiration of funding.
? A TRI-COMMUNITY SURVEY OF ADOLESCENT DRI\XING PATTERNS AND ATTI-
TUDES: The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
awarded CONSAD a contract to design and conduct a survey of
drinking patterns among adolescents. The CONSAD design called
for a household probability sample of 500 twelve to eighteen
year olds in each of three counties. The countries were chosen
from different regions of the country to provide wide variation
in a key independent variable, the availability of alcohol. A
behavioral model of problem drinking was tested using the data
from each county; estimates of the prevalence of problem drink-
ing in each county were made; multi-variate analyses were per-
formed using data pooled across the three sites (n = 1500); new
definitions of "problem drinker" and "high risk" were developed;
and the degree of overlap between the population of adolescent
problem drinkers and the population of adolescents encountered
by various social service agencies that serve troubled youth
was estimated.
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? TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO SINGLE STATE AGENCIES FOR DRUG ABUSE
PREVENTION: CONSAD provided technical assistance to Single State
Agencies (SBA's) in SAODAP Regions II, III, and IV. Emphasis
was on the development of drug prevention programs which respon-
ded to regional needs, priorities, and constraints; thus, CONS AD
assisted the SBA's during their early planning and implementation
of local projects designed to achieve objectives related to the
prevention of drug abuse. Although technical assistance was pro-
vided in a variety of areas, primary focus was on:
- Project design
- Management systems;
- Implementation programming;
- Program evaluation;
- Resource allocation; and
- Performance monitoring.
CONSAD field teams worked closely with regional SSA personnel to
delineate short and long term goals for drug prevention. Then,
based on an analysis of needs for drug prevention efforts in the
region, CONSAD assisted the SBA's in allocating resources to pre-
vention strategies and local areas, and in developing preliminary
implementation plans for drug abuse prevention. Management
systems were then designed, along with monitoring procedures
to measure changes in performance indicators during early im-
plementation. Finally, CONSAD assisted the SSA's in developing
program evaluation approaches to assess objective achievement.
? DEVELOPMENT OF A LAAM POLICY MONOGRAPH: L`nder an Indefinite
Quantity Contract work order with NIDA, CONSAD developed a LAA:~I
policy monograph for the Services Research Branch, Division of
Resource Development.
LAAM -- Levo-Alpha-Acetyl Methadol -- is undergoing clinical
trials, and is awaiting "new drug" status from the Food and Drug
Administration within the next year. This action would make
LAAM widely available as a drug treatment modality. LAAM is
viewed as an alternative for methadone maintenance for some
clients, because it need be taken only three or four times a
week instead of daily.
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An issue-oriented monograph was needed to facilitate an under-
standing of LAAM among drug treatment program administrators,
counselors, medical staff, and clients, and among the broader
community, to facilitate the successful introduction of LAAM
as a treatment modality through providing practical recommenda-
tions for its adoption and use. A practical monograph was de-
veloped to bring together the experience of individuals who
have been involved in LAAM clinical trials and research, and
experts in related drug treatment issues, to present some of
the treatment issues surrounding the drug and suggest practical
appraoches for introducing LAAM within a treatment setting.
The medical aspects and safety of the drug and its treatment
implications were considered.
The monograph involved contributions by carefully selected con-
sultants, synthesized by CONSAD to provice a kind of "handbook"
and resource document for use by NIDA, the Single State Agencies,
and local treatment programs in preparing for and undertaking the
initiation of LAAM treatment.
? A SURVEY OF DRUG ABUSE PROGRAMS SUCCESSF~ZLY LINKID WITH CETA:
Under an Indefinite Quantity Contract Worms Order with NIDA, CONSAD
defined and identified "successful linkages" between drug abuse
and CETA programs, defined process and outcome variables related
to these successes, and provided action-oriented recommendations
for use by drug treatment programs to increase the availability
and utilization of CETA programs and resources to improve the
treatment, rehabilitation, and employabi:ity of drug abuse treat-
ment clients.
CONSAD reviewed all relevant legislation, identified and surveyed
selected drug abuse programs successfully linked with CETA, selected
and visited drug abuse programs not linked with CETA, and prepared
a detailed procedural manual to assist tiIDA, drug abuse programs,
and the Department of Labor in a broader implementation of CETA
provisions. The manual was widely distributed by both NIDA and
DOL and resulted in the development of program linkages throughout
the nation.
? CATALOG OF DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION PROGRAM ?VALUATIONS: NIDA com-
missioned CONSAD to prepare a Catalog of drug Abuse Prevention
Program Evaluations conducted in the United States in recent years.
As a result, numerous current and recently-completed evaluation
studies of drug prevention programs, mane of which were not widely
known, were compiled, ataloged, and abstracted. Specifically,
this project involved the following segL~nce of activities:
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- An extensive literature review and survey to identify
potential program evaluation candidates;
- Review and selection of appropriate evaluations to be
included in the catalog;
- Abstracting of the evaluation purpose, methodology and
results for each program evaluation;
- Indexing of the abstracts by program, author, purpose,
method, location, program type, drug type, and a variety
of other variables; and
- Compilation of the catalog.
The final catalog and index included more than 270 program evalua-
tions of drug abuse prevention efforts to be used by NIDA officials
in facilitating drug abuse research and avoiding unnecessary dupli-
cations in the areas of drug abuse education, training, treatment,
and rehabilitation.
? EVALUATION OF BUREAU OF PRISONS DRUG ABUSE PROGRAMS (NARA II):
CONS AA conducted an extensive client outcome analysis and pro-
gram evaluation for drug abuse treatment programs of the U.S.
Department of Justice (Bureau of Prisons). The major focus of
the project was on clients from the NARA II (Narcotics Addition
Rehabilitation Act) program and related community care projects.
More than 100 data elements for each NARA II Community Care client,
and a post-release performance measure relating to subsequent cri-
minality and recidivism, were analyzed through statistical analysis
which differentiated the successful and unsuccessful populations.
The methods included multivariate analysis probing interaction
between and within succeeding and failed groups in various phases
on the correctional program, i.e., institutional and aftercare.
A number of relationships involving behavioral, attitudinal and
background characteristics of each of the groups, and changes
in these variables at admission, release and in aftercare, were
developed.
The program analysis/evaluation effort focussed on two primary
issues: (1) does BOP treatment make a difference as regards
subsequent criminality and recidivism; and (2) what is the rela-
tive effectiveness of NARA I/III versus the NARA II programs.
The data collection effort involved substantial tracking and
interviewing activities of post-release NARA II/BOP clients
throughout the United States.
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? EVALUATION OF BUREAU OF PRISON ADDICT COA'L~iITMENT CLIENT OUTCOMES:
CONSAD conducted an extensive analysis of client outcomes for
drug abuse programs operated by the Bureau of Prisons under the
NARA (Narcotics Addiction Rehabilitation Act) II programs involving
female offenders.
The objectives of the project were to gain an increased understand-
ing of the treatment of female addicts, and to evaluate the NARA II
programs as implemented for female offenders. CONSAD selected a
sample of respondents from Terminal Island, Fort Worth and Alder-
son prisons, consisting of 275 female participants in the NARA
program.
The data collection effort was unique in that CONSAD had to "track"
these 275 former NARA clients throughout the United States, many
of whom had gone "underground." After locating the client, CONSAD
utilized an in-depth instrument to determine current status, and
similar kinds of information. Extensive quality control proce-
dures were required to facilitate the tracking/interviewing pro-
cess.
CONSAD subjected the collected data to a sophisticated analysis
routine, consisting primarily of multiple regression and discri-
minant analysis. CONSAD then prepared a final report presenting
the results of the analysis and client outcome data.
? ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF ARMY ALCOHOL A.VD DRUG TREATMENT
PROGRAMS: CONSAD performed an analysis and evaluation of alco-
holism and drug abuse programs implemented at U.S. Army bases
in the continental United States and abroad. The study involved
a large-scale survey of the general military population to deter-
mine the magnitude of alcoholism and drug use in terms of level
and substance of use. Complementing this survey was an in-depth
survey of client participants in the treatment programs, and an
assessment and evaluation of each program at selected Army bases.
Based upon the results of these data gathering activities, "more
successful" programs and program components were identified (in
terms of program goals and Army policy), and policy issues re-
lating to optimizing resource allocations were addressed. CONSAD,
as a subcontractor to the American Technical Assistance Corporation,
developed a series of reports to the Surgeon General dealing with
the magnitude of the alcohol and drug abuse problem in the Army,
the relative effectiveness of current treatment programs at selec-
ted bases, and policy recommendations regarding these issues.
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? EVALUATION OF NIAAA/NIDA CAREER TEACHER PROGRAM: CONSAD conducted
an evaluation of the NIAAA/NIDA Career Teacher Program. The Career
Teacher Program was developed as a means of encouraging medical
schools to teach their students about the problems of alcoholism
and drug abuse, increase institutional activity related to the
problems of alcoholism and drug abuse, increase institutional
activity related to the problems of addiction, and thus over time
enable health care systems to deal more effectively with alcohol
and drug abuse.
The purposes of the CONSAD project were to: (1) assemble and
index the projects of the Career Teacher Program including cur-
riculum materials and publications; (2) develop descriptive
materials including a discussion of program origins and growth,
standardized descriptions of the 39 Career Teacher projects and
two Training Centers, and a summary of recipients of Career
Teacher and Training Center training; (3) evaluate progress of
the Career Teacher Program and Training Center efforts; and
(4) evaluate the appropriateness and practicality of the Career
Teacher Program concept.
Results of the study were summarized in a series of site reports
and technical papers including an index and annotated bibliography
of Career Teacher Program products, along with policy recommenda-
tions regarding possible changes in level of funding, institu-
tional and/or Career Teacher criteria or priorities for selection
guidelines, or other aspects of the program which might facilitate
program goal achievement.
~ EVALUATION OF THE AREA ALCOHOL IDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMS:
CONSAD conducted an evaluation of the Area Alcohol Education and
Training Programs (AAETPs) for the National Institute on Alcohol
Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). The four AAETPs -- Northwestern,
Southern, Midwestern, and Western -- were established to identify
the required alcoholism education and training needs of a large
geographic region and to provide necessary materials and services
to meet those needs. The AAETPs each conducted an area-wide needs
assessment, awarded grants to agencies and stipends to individuals,
and provided direct assistance and services.
The purpose of CONSAD's project was to evaluate the AAETP program
in order to determine the functions actually performed, the train-
ing needs met, and to delineate the future course of the program.
Therefore, the evaluation methodology addressed the four individual
AAETPs, as well as the AAETP program and concept as a whole.
CONSAD examined the goals, relationships, activities, needs
assessment procedures, and evaluation efforts of each AAETP, and
defined the actual role of the AAETP program and analyzed its
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filling of that role. CONSAD also examined alternative funding
sources for the projects, and conducted a brief cost-effective-
ness analysis of the AAETP program.
Results of the evaluation were summarized in a series of site
reports and technical papers submitted to NLAAA, along with guide-
lines for implementing the evaluation system on a continuing basis.
? EVALUATION OF STATE AND COMMUNITY ALCOHOLISM PREVENTION PROGRAMS:
CONSAD developed a methodology for evaluating state and community
alcoholism prevention programs, and demonstrated the application
of the methodology in ten states. The purpose of the evaluation
system was to: (1) describe and compare the approaches and im-
pacts of various prevention projects; (2) identify exemplary
prevention models for possible replication; (3) identify spe-
cific program development and technical assistance needs;
(4) generate recommendations for improvement in the NIAAA pre-
vention programs; and (5) conduct a conference to examine and
assess two models of prevention.
The project was conducted in three major phases: during Phase I,
CONSAD prepared a typology of the Community Prevention and Youth
Education Programs and State Prevention Plans submitted to NIAAA,
and designed an evaluation process to generate information on per-
formance and impact.
In Phase II, CONSAD prepared all supporting evaluation materials
and implemented the evaluation methodology on a pilot basis in
ten states. Based on the results of this demonstration effort,
CONSAD modified the evaluation design as required and presented an
oral briefing to NIAAA officials on the use of the procedure.
In the final phase, background papers were solicited from recog-
nized prevention experts as part of a conference conducted by CONSAD
to examine the conceptual foundation and data base for two approaches
to prevention.
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