DEFINITIONS FOR TERMS OF REFERENCE AND OUTLINE FOR NSSD 2/82 STUDY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP89B00739R000400060027-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 18, 2007
• Sequence Number: 27
• Publication Date: April 16, 2003
• Content Type: REPORT

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Attachment A
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DEFINITIONS FOR TERMS OF REFERENCE AND.
OUTLINE FOR NSSD 2/82 STUDY
Threat or Intelligence Threat: The combination of capability and intent
on the part of a foreign country to engage in an intelligence activity inimical
.to the United States.
'Multidisciplinary Threat: The aggregate, irrespective 'of collection,
method or technique, of all the intelligence threats posed by a given country
or country group..
Vulnerability: The potential for information to be acquired through
intelligence activity. Vulnerability is independent of the threat, i.e., a
vulnerability. may exist even though no capability or intent exists to exploit
it.
? Security: Establishment and maintenance of protective measures which are
intended to ensure a state of inviolability from hostile acts or influences.
Security requirements typically establish a required level of protection based
on. vulnerability rather-than threat.
Communications Security: The application of security to deny un-
authorized persons information which might be derived from telecommunica-
tions or to ensure the authenticity of telecommunications.
Personnel Security: The application of security to assure that
persons granted access to information are loyal and trustworthy.
Physical Security:. The use of"guards, barriers, containers, alarms
and other physical means to protect material, facilities or documents from
damage, theft or unauthorized access.
Document Security: The protection of documents through the use of
classification designators and their associated access controls.
Computer Security (.also Automatic Data Processing Security): The
protection of computers and data processing equipment and the information
they contain through a combination of physical, personnel and coi'mmunica-
tions security, as well as hardware, software and management controls.
Operations Security: The protection of an operation, project or program
from hostile intelligence activities. Operations security establishes pro-
tective requirements based upon a comparison of vulnerabilities and the multi-
disciplinary threat. Operations security differs from other security programs
in that it focuses on the threat.
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Counterintelligence: "..:information gathered and activities conducted to
protect against espionage,. other intelligence activities, sabotage or assas-
sinations. conducted for or on behalf of foreign porters, organizations or persons,
or international terrorist activities, but not includi-ng personnel, physical,
document or communications security programs." (E.O. 12333) Counterintelli-
gence differs from security in that it is normally directed against a specific
known or. postulated threat. -
Intelligence Countermeasures: The aggregate of all measures taken to
provide protection from the intelligence activities, irrespective of method or-
technique,.of foreign countries. Intelligence countermeasures. include counter- -.
intelligence, operations security, and security. (Also called multidisciplinary
counterintelligence):
Active Measures: A Soviet term for activities beyond traditional diplomacy
which are used to achieve Soviet foreign policy objectives. Active measures -
are most frequently carried out by the intelligence services and are intended
to influence the policies of foreign governments, disrupt relations between
other nations, undermine confidence in foreign leaders and institutions or
discredit opponents.
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GUIDANCE FOR NATIONAL SECURITY STUDY DIRECTIVE 2/82
ON "DETECTING AND COUNTERING THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE THREAT
TO THE UNITED STATES"
o An Executive Summary of no more than a dozen pages will be. prepared.
A supporting paper of greater detail but limited to manageable length.
The threat capabilities and deficiencies assessments should be drawn to
the extent feasible from previously prepared studies and submitted in
summary form in order that the emphasis can-be placed on the sufficiency
of U.S. countermeasures and what added resources are needed.
o To minimize redundancy, discussions should be separate for each discipline
and include only the most significant aspects of.the threat within that,
discipline. The USSR and the PRC are to be treated individually; other
countries or blocs can be cited as is deemed appropriate, i.e., Warsaw
Pact, Communist Bloc Asia, Cuba, "friendlies," etc.
o For all disciplines, the key hostile intelligence services targets are to
be cited and a summary judgment made as to the state of U.S. capabilities
to protect these targets.
o The Human Sources discipline is to consider such key aspects as the legal
presence, illegals, visitors, overt collection, recruitments/penetrations,
etc.
o Countermeasures against SIGINT, Imagery and Acoustic Intelligence threats.
are to include operational component countermeasures, specifying why and
how and the effect.
0 The Active Measures discipline is to deal with aspects of media manipula-
tion-, -Front organizations, agents of influence, and the like.
'o Projected resource needs are to be detailed and specific in terms of
manpower and Funding and phase-in periods. Anticipated results should.
be related to projected requirements.
SECRET
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