THE CIA: KEEPING A DELICATE BALANCE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP88-01315R000200580001-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 21, 2004
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: October 22, 1978
• Content Type: NSPR

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IIERAI,D-EXAMINER,
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By LINDA BERNIER -.... ? - _... itS involvement in: assassination plots
. .?Herald-Examir.er Staff Writer :`. . '..-- . : of foreign leaders.- . ,....,:,e-i.S."..... , ..-: -..,:
How does a democracy .protect its . ? , : But, he added the CIA was under .
-national security as well as its cifizens`se the authorization of the President in. .
civil liberties? How much covert work ..
- these activities. , What - is.. needed, he-
Should the CIA and FBI be, allowed to% , 4
Lip? .....:,,,,,.,,._,-,._..,?;;,: ,...?_,..:.,,_,,.,:., , ,,,,,,?., _. said; :are better guidelines: for CIA
5,Dmepo. - -' - t.. activities and congressional Oversight
Those. were the . questions to supervise CIA activities, such as the
persons came to hear; a panel of ex- %.. ?,,,, vi lv instituted : 15-member ...E:enate !
Perts discilss at a conference laSt week-T.',' -- -
We
Committee On Intelligence.
at UCLA on the role,- of : intellige,!?,:..1-.. ',.`. We also need a better public un-i
organizations in a democracy. *:.? , .,?-dprst,,ndin g of intelligence ..You don't
The conference was"sponsored b....' 'Ta-bo?li?sh a police force if they .do some-
UCLA Extension;-the und for Peace .--
? -:'..:thing '' --,-
and the United Nations ? .. But Halperin, now director Of. a
Pagifica__Cbapter-Fe,--.-77-? ?,--:-,,; ,
.. ...
..:, ';'?."'''... '', project on national seCtuity and civil.
- - - Panelists -ranged.3...1n 601--"?n aorn., liberties at the-Fund for peace, be-
former CIA.director:william Colby to ,.:lieves.' all...Covert intelligence opera-
Morton Morton Halperin,:: a,,:deptity.:isaistant'...:-:.,tions should be abolished.'''."..-.' T.--
secretary of defense and National
i ? '..-- .:.?,:c.lt is not -a question: of making the-.
crhity Council. -
member.:under,Nixorr.-..? 'world safe for'democracy;:but ma,tdrig
- .According to Colby, the U.S.. needs,
--i- the U.S.',.7'.safe for , democracy ' demracy,' said 11
clandeAkie.agentS,,anC.Secret '. opera- -,.1
:-',IlalPerin?::.!-,..giving: examples of in -
tions.at,hoarne and abroad. :;-:-.-%., bugging ,. telligence, operations :that ;.destroyed
and examining ffiail?:at -116161' -SPAng: ' democracy at home abroad ?the -.
and ''supPnrting:-T0',1415-27 . P?1itical:,.- demise of democracy in Chile, illegal
factions abroad. -,..:-,, -: :_:,;:._ ::, - - -
q wire taps, burglaries and opening of
? Mail in the U.S.," CIA informants on
American :, college i 'campuses who
threatened 'academic freedom and in--
lorrnants in political organizations who .
.-..-..But, the doctrine! for the use ;%. threatened political freedom.
_
covert activities, he said, should bethe'-':',1:,'..7:.:According to. Mark,- Rosembaum,
same that guides the,. use of military ,,";.:an- attorney for '? the 'American Civil
force?only as much as necessary for . Liberties Union and the panelist most
our own defense, not- for aggrandize- i:', opposed . to. intelligence - Operations,
menL '?',-.:,',?'...;;';!"-:" , rii.---',.---,:i??-i:4::.,1.-.,,,.:: ? :. ? ; ': ,'..:':' With assassinations and contracts with ,
- - -
,'Covert action Operations are nec-.,!Vthe Mafia, the CIA and FBI are con-
' essary to deal with the reckless despot '.. ducting activities . as terroristic. as :
?
who may make 'a homemade nuclear -', those' they -seek to protect Americans -
device in his backyard and intelligence ..,`':ftom. ; -,:-..,..-,'..?.i.,.. ',..r.,..k..., --...,..- ?-? , . -.... ,--.;'. 1...- 7 ',..
can Provide the basiS: for hegotiation''.?- '--_.?Will. terforirri. be: the new term, .
and peaceful resolution, of diplomatie,!'; replacing national security, to cloak
disputes,,7 he said. ::.?-:i,.!4!:,... ..?. , , ? , ,,....t.,. intelligence activities?'z' he asked.... -
.7- ' ;..1.-?.!..!....:-Ii.T:',i.1..:4.;,k):1.- .....11,t'....i.:"We should abolish the clandestine .
-.:
Colby admitted that in the past the ..: ?services of the CIA," said Halperin, -,
, CIA might have overstepped its bound-',.:"and return it tolts original (unction of ?
eries lay gathering ,too much taxinpittregpfrek.flzieretliseiltitiiipivf ot
.tion'while trying to find out if ttlote in:, government agencies. an8 ga
.: the-, Anti-war: =..movement,:i were sup- ?...!..intelligerice..-..operily:t ? And ': the ., FBI_
Ported hic.foreign: governments Or, by-.;.,i,hokdd..,00% what .4.5 cjiarter...peant it to,.
There are still threats of null
surprise; :of terrorism and of econ-,1...
ornic boycotts that warrant covert;
telligence operations, Tsaid:Colby.
:do ? to Couthict investigations of ,.
'criminal, not political nature."
Halpenn believes -legislation
needed to control the. CIA and FBI,
which should only operate. under the
authorization of Congress, , consistent
:with the Constitution, and not under
executive privilege. ?
The problem,:"explained?political
scientist Lynn Davis, a stiff?member
? of the nate Select :Committee on
:Intelligence;.- are: what: kind of in-
formation Should Congress have; when
i.should Congress be informed; and _by_
_what right and procedure should Con-
gess disclose covert information.
? Can Congress_ or a: congressional!
.errcommittee be trusted with sensitive
inforrnation?,: Does a -congressional
'committee speak' for the-entire Con-
.' gress? Should Congress have an input
in the policy 'maldng of ;-intelligence
operations? she asked .
-: Satellite ..-photography - and ? elec-:
tronie listening devices are by far the
Most helpful ? sources of intelligence
irsed today, said Herbert Scoville,4r.,
a. leading authority on arms control
. and a .CIA director ?for scientific inv-'
X-Telligence and research from 1955-1963.:
Other sources of intelligence; said
coville,"include literature;.and
peeches and Clandestine operations
:from spies and defectors to influencing:-
;;.foreign governments and policies, as in:
Chile or the Bay of Pigs' incident
While Scoville believes some Coy-. '
:ert activities are still useful, primarily'
the Third;.. World, where security
?measures are unsophisticated, he said
:the use of spies and defectors in the '-
Communist ?world, where,double
gents and triple agents rabOund,..
is-
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been found to be a possible cause a
damage in laboratory rats," Good
gues. -Should we be using our chi
human guinea pigs for these produc
Additionally, there are ecologic
tions. Preplated lunches use a lot o
in processing, refrigeration, trans's;
and freezer storage and there is a ri!
nal waste of foil, cardboard, pla
paper.
Pre-plated lunches or pre-cooket
meals are being served in schools -
out the Washington metropolitan e
some school districts moving steso
satellite feeding programs and
resisting the trend.
In the District of ColuMbia, whi
lot of old schools lacking kitchen eq
some 20,000 elementary school cht
hot-pack lunches each day that h
purchased from the Mass Feeding
of Chicago. Says D.C. Food Service
Joe Stewart: "We've been satisf
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them and the acceptance level is ,.
gave Mass Feeding our specifications for the
meals and I can buy these much cheaper
than I could produce them locally. They are
nutritious."
The dollar savings in satellite feeding pro-
grams are undeniable?$200,000 this year in
Arlington County. according to School Food
Director Bailey lefcCreery?but the path to
convenience feeding hasn't always been
smooth.
In Arlington, for example, where all ele-
mentary school meals are prepared at junior
high or high schools and shipped preplated,
a parent group just last week persuaded the
school board to adopt a resolution to vary
and improve the school lunch menus.
The group, which ran Its own system-
wide survey of why the kids weren't eating
their lunches, demanded and will presumably
get foods that contribute to good eating hab-
its, foods high in protein, fiber, vitamins and
minerals. They want excluded from the menu
foods that contribute to lone range health
problems, those high in added sugar, fats,
artificial coloring and flavorings.
Montgomery County is switching steadily
to satellite feeding programs to save mon-
ey, even in schools with modern kitchens,
and about half its schools have lunches
shipped in. One lunchroom in transition, and
some turmoil, Is North Lake Elementary
which in January stopped preparing food on
the premises and began shipping in prepiated
lunches from a nearby junior high.
The PTA wrote to the school board asking
questions and expressing concern, but the
youngsters make a much more eloquent case
for having the old system back in opera-
tion. Eating lunch recently with the North
Lake youngsters brought forth a barrage
of complaints from the kids.
I
egg, etc.?avallable on white or whole-grain
breads; juice, yoghurt, fresh fruit, cottage
cheese, pizza stuffed eggs, chef's salad fruit
salad, meat and salad plates and cole slaw.
The deli-bar is operated by Macke on a
not-for-profit basis and the company's pay-
off is the proceeds from the vending ma-
chines. Assistant Principal Steve Gurcis says
Yorktown is extremely satisfied with the ar-
rangement and the students like it. "Every-
body benefits," he said.
While Macke at Yorktown and McDonalds
at Benton, Ark., have the same basic operat-
ing arrangement, the differences and desir-
ability from a nutritional point of view are
obvious. Which of these directions the na-
you's high school lunchrooms take remains
to be seen.
Elementary schools are a different matter.
Their direction seems pre-determined and
is perhaps irreversible, hut that won't stop
Mary Goodwin and her supporters from
working to halt the trend and push for their
ideal school lunch programa She believes
that food can be integrated into the school
curriculum at all levels, front consumer les-
sons to science, anthropology, physics, math
and so on.
"Ideally, I would like to see all schools
have fresh, regional and local food prepared
on site by a well trained staff:" she says.
"The school kitchen could serve as a learn-
ing laboratory on food purchasing, prepara-
tion, cooking and service. Children could see
whole foods, learn something of the nature
of foods.
"The cafeteria manager could come into
the classroom for nutrition lessons and con-
sumer topics. This is an excellent way to
keeping children in contact with the reel
World rather than a highly mechanized, Im-
"This new TV food is. yuckey," onisawlealsane."
"It tastes terrible. They serve green meat-
balls. Honest. We have to buy ice crea
fill up on."
On this particular day, their complai
were valid. The hot pack, purchased pr
cooked from the Morton Food Co., consiste.
of six rubbery' meatballs in a., watery re
sauce, along with some corn. It was edibl
but not very e.gpetizing or tasty. The col
pack bad a very good coconut cookie and th
mixed fruit was fine. It also contained
rolled tortilla that was as bard as cardboaed!
tasted like paste and was, for all practical
purposes, inedible.
A sampling of elementary school lunches
with youngsters at the District's Giddings
School and Arlington's Long Branch pro-
duced meals about the same. And a menu
comparison for schools throughout the met-
ropolitan area shows little variation from
the same six or seven basic entree items al-
though some have more variety.
Fairfax County students have the option
of choosing a hot lunch or a cold salad-based
LEFTISTS ATTACK BALTIMORE
POLICE
HON. LARRY McDONALD
OF GEORGIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday,' May 21, 1976
Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr.
Speaker, during the past 4 years many
campaigns have been launched with the
goal of curtailing the functions and re-
ducing the effectiveness of our country's
police and others of the law enforce-
ment community who with them are re-
sponsible for our safety and security.
Among those in the vanguard of many
of these campaigns have been the Com-
munist Party, U.S.A.?CPUSA?and. the
Center for National Security Studies--
CNSS.
This month, both of these groups have
selected as their target the Police- De-
partment of Baltimore and a dedicated
public servant, Donald Ii Pomerleau, ites
commissioner since 1966.
On May 11, 1976, a Baltimore news-
paper featured a six-column banner
headline, "City's Anti-Crime Program
Hit by Report as a Flop." and in slightly
smaller type, "Pornerleau Seen R,un-
ning, 'Fiefdom.'" There followed a non-
story worthy of Jack Anderson in which.
innuendo was piled upon unsubstanti-
ated allegation and nameless sources
vented their spleen on the Baltimore Po-
lice Department and Commissioner
Pomerleau.
The basis for the newspaper attack on
the Baltimore police was a draft copy of
a report, "Law and Disorder DT," to be
published by the Center for National Se-
curity Studies?CNSS---122 Maryland
Avenue, NE., Washington, De. 20002
(202/544-5380) and written by a CINTSS
consultant, Sarah C. Carey, an attorney
associated with the law firm of CIadott-
has &Brashares.
Funding for the report, was provided in
part by the New World Foundation, the
Fund for Peace, and the Ford Founda-
tion. It should be noted that the New
World Foundation, 100 East 85th Street,
New York, N.Y., has also funded the-
notorious Highlander Center, lung asso-
ciated with Corrammist Party organizing
in the South; the youth project which
in turn has subsidized the admittedly
Socialist Georgia power project and the
organizing committee for a 11th estate
which was charged by CIA Director Colby
with having set up CIA agent. Richard
Welch for assassination; and the Misse-
d= Foundation, a front for the-National
Welfare Rights Organization.
The Center for National Security
Studies, as I predicted to my colleagues in
a report last year?CoNeRessrueem REC-
ORD, February 20, 1975--has remained in
the forefront of those attempting to de-
stroy our security services. -
Organized in the fall of 19'14, CNSS
was and is an activity of the Fund for
Peace among whose trustees at that, time
was a Mrs. Louise R. Berman. And I
again draw attention to a summary of
her record?Combat, December 15, 1969:
Mrs. Louise Berman, who is FLISO, known as
Louise Bransten was born Oct. 10, 1905. She
is the former wife of Richard Bransten. also
known as Bruce Minton, former owner- of
New Maases. During the water-front strike
in. San Francisco, Louise and Richard
Bransten carried out assignments for the
Communist Party, working with Earl Brow-
der and Gerhart Eisler. In 1944 Louise Bran-
sten made a loan of $50,000 to the People's
World. which Is the west coast organ of the
Communist Party.
Hearings of the House Committee on Un-
American Activities carry much more infor-
mation, and testimony implicates her in ac-
tivities of several known Soviet espionage
agents. She was, for instance, in contact in
Hollywood with J. Peters talo known as
Alexander Stevens and half a dozen other
names), a leading figure in the underground
American CP and in Soviet intelligence work:
she was an associate of Stere Nelson, long
time Communist organizer and ring leader
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Approved For Release ?9,w13969).-h,qA1i0P88-01315R0d20651301:01"
22 FEBRUARY 1916
73 -
rra ti
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P hAik-reK
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- -
r ceed snal
?
- 'By Norman kcmpster
' Titg CIA FIR% edited by Robert L..- the book is clearly an in- - term advantages sometimes
: Rozosaita and John Markl. Gros3;, dictrnent of many of the'.: 'produce long-term liabil-
: rianiVik---og.236pegee.SA 95. _ agency's activities. . ? ? . illies- ;1
- - .- '? With -a -few. isolated , -
er o --: - - .
'
-"' In September 1974 a
- ' 'exceptions, the indictment .._ ' ME BOOK OFFERS 00.
group of scholars, journal.. -. . -.
ists and former CIA ern- -- charges the agency with - :real solutions except for the
inadvertantly damaginK the. suggestion that much of
ployes ? most of _therms-. nation's.. best ? interests.- ;-what is -now- wrapped in
'
critics of thei,vay the int& li- ... ? There is lirtle of the moral- -.secrecy could be done as
. ? gence agency goes about its - izing of other CIA critics. well, and often better, if it
business ? met_ for a t-Tsrce _: The argument is not that ' : were done in public. --
day conierenc.e in Washipg--:; __ activities are :J :;:-.
,, CIA covert act Colby's response is weak.
ton? '::4--.'S'"1-.' ' ' ''''''''. '? _ drn mora 1 ; the argument is "
.-. The discussions- went .-:-.. that they are stupid. - :-, ' .7. '-':1-_ion of the editors that it be .
It was probably the inte.n-
: virtually unnoticed by the .'.).'.--, Morton Halpenn,-the for- ._ ,so.s. The agency may have ;
- public. - The time :- . was :..-,mer National : Security .some better answers to fuel
-,wrong-.- More than three :-..Council :staff - -member, :questions posed in ."The i
months before ..The ?New ?argues, for instance', that --CIA File-'' But, if so, the ;
.- York Times:first wrote o.-the secrecy that surrounds. f .., public -Should demand to ,
"massive domestic sp)nng": - CIA activities is often self- --hear thetn.
: by the CIA, there was little - defeating. If a- plan -- like "
general ..interest...,,,in the -,..the. Bay of Pigs ?is known -
_ topic. -,-;-- : __ _ - -.
2.-= only to its advocates, there-
- - All that has changed. It - : is little opportunity to con- -
... seems that almost every- , sider the- dangers inherent
- body is talking about the , _-in it. 'And the intelligence
CIA -- usually in
--- arl :.- reports, often from within
re-ernetionecharg.ed- _Way that -the CIA, which might indi-
_ forces people to choose up . care the plan is a-bad one
. sides rat'ner_thansdiscusl.:f.":are written off as the prod- ?
the mer.its a the-issui., _ :_- -..' uct-of people who are just
--:-_-_ ' So-I:cis probably-the right ' : it "in the know." : ? " -
time to have another look at. -e_ Several of the essays re-
:the 1974 confeience; Gross- -. -
view the long-term results
man/Viking -, has issued --of CIA interference in the
some of the-conference's , domestic politic. of 'other ;
proceedings in the form of a
'series of essays. Edited by countries. The argument is '
advanced that even short-- ?
_ Robert L. Borosage, direc- f,. ;,- Z.. :,.... ' "" .
. tor of the Center for Nation-
?.al Secrity Studies, and John
,D. Marks,.:,Co-author of
= "The CIA and,the Cult of
Intellig,ence,most of the
- contributions have been re-,
.:- vised to include the revela-,
i - tiorp of the last few months. 1
-s:?ALT-HOUGH-:-.FORME.g....,-
-- CIA- Dire6tor.William E..
Colby's rebuttalis included, -
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J.;
NATIONAL SECURITY AND CIVIL LIBERTIES
DECEMBER 1975
VOL. 1 NO. 4
In this Controlling the Intelligence Agencies, page 3
Issue: CHRISTINE M. MARWICK
Coming: JAN.: Local Red Squads:
The Report of the Cook Country Grand Jury
October 31, 1975 Secretary of State
Henry Kissinger told the House In-
telligence Committee thatdu ring the
six years he was National Security
Advisor all covert operations had
been approved personally by the
President. The Committee also re-
vealed that, under orders from Nixon
over CIA objections, the CIA served
as arms supplier to the Iraqui Kurds
at the request of the Shah of Iran.
November 2-4, 1975 In a letter to the
Senate Select Committee on Intelli-
gence. Presiden t Ford requested that
the Senate Report on Alleged Assas-
sination Plots Involving Foreign
Leaders be withheld from the public.
Ford's letter stated that "publication
will harm the national security and
possibly endanger individuals." The
Committee then voted to bring the
matter before an executive session of
the Senate; subsequently, the report
was released on November 20, 1975.
(gee In The Congress, In The Litera-
ture and Point of View)
November 7, 1975 Witnesses testified
at a Senate hearing that during the
1950's drug addicts at a federal re-
habilitation center in Kentucky were
"paid off" in narcotics for participat-
ing.in CIA-funded experiments.
November 10,1975 The Cook County
Grand Jury released its report, "Im-
proper Police Intelligence Activities."
The Grand Jury found that the
Chicago Police Department had both
violated criminal law in its in-
telligence gathering activities and
made indiscriminate use of un-
dercover agents. This report will be
the subject of the January issue of
First Principles.
November 18, 1975 Senate Intelligence
Committee investigators disclosed
that the FBI tried to discredit the late
Dr. Martin Luther King via under-
cover operations which included
bugg,ings and blackmail. Committee
members were told that the late FBI
director J. Edgar Hooverclecided in
1961 to "smear King" and even de-
cided on "a new national Negro leader
to replace him." Other revelations in-
cluded: Hoover's persona). fileswere
largely destroyed in 1972 either
shortly before or after Hoover's
death; and, obtaining NBC press
credentials, the FBI conducted ex-
tensive spying of the Democratic
National Convention at the request
of the Johnson Administration.
November 18, 1975A witness told the
House Intelligence Committee that as
an FBI informant he led a group of
thirty antiwar demonstrators in a
raid on the Camden, New Jersey draft
board which resulted in arrests by
federal agents. In other testimony, a
retired FBI agent said he refused an
assignment to obtain a handwriting
sample of Andrew Young who was
then a black Georgian candidate for
Congress (he was elected in 1972 and
re-elected last year) because it would
be used for counterintelligence pur-
poses.
November 19, 1975 Citing what they
described as official sources, the New
York Times reported that the 590
billion military budget approved for
this year concealed within it 54 billion
for the intelligence community's
programs.
November 25, 1975 The Justice De-
partment waived more than $23,000
in search fees for releasing under the
Freedom of Information Act more
than 30,000 pages of FBI material on
the Rosenberg espionage conspiracy
case.
In The
News
It is at all times necessary, and more particularly so during the progress
of a revolution and until right ideas confirm themselves by habit, that
we frequently refresh our patriotism by reference to first principles.
THOMAS PAINE
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NATIONAL SECURITY AND CIVIL LIB
v
IN THIS ISSUE SEPTEMBER 1975 VOL. 1
National Security and Civil Liberties: The Principal Unlearned Le5
The Situation, the State of the Current Watergate: The Need for a icespuilDi,,ic
Law, and Legislative Action Presidency
CHRISTINE M. MAFtWICK PHILIP B. KURLAND
ALONG WITH THE CONCENTRATION of
political power in the executive branch of govern-
ment has come the claim that "national security"
somehow dictates that we must give up some of
our civil liberties in order to protect our freedoms.
This claim has not been seriously challenged until
the last several years; the veil of secrecy placed
over the activities of the executive branch also ser-
ved to protect these actions from effective public
and congressional scrstiny.
With the unfolding of recent events, however,
the myth of official benevolence, unanimity, and
evert expertise been to crumble. It began to
emerge that for all practical purposes successive
administrations had come to think of the Congress
and the American public like a foreign power to be
deceived and investigated in the interests of the
nation's security. From the initial deceptions a rip-
ple effect began as a system of secret actions were
taken to reinforce breaches in secrecy ? such as
the wiretaps that followed news reports of bomb-
ing in Cambodia:Using the claims of "national
security" as an incantation to overwhelm all logic,
legitimate political controversy was cast into the
mold of dissidence and disloyalty. As the trickle of
inforrnation about illegal government activities
grew into a river in Watergate, the credulity of the
public changed into a healthy skepticism. But, as
Professor Philip Kurland notes in his article in
this issue, the executive branch still makes a plea
to institutionalize the Cold War era's blind trust in
the Presidency. For example, the Rockefeller Corn-
mission Report, in spite of all its detailing of CIA
abuses, calls for an expanded CIA charter which
would solve the problem somehow by making ,
many of its currently illegal actions legal.
Likewise, the administration bill S. 1 (the reform
of the federal criminal code) would define as -
unequivocal espionage the Ellsberg "offense" of
releasing information to the public. The list of
such efforts is a lengthy one -- the article on page
3 treats more of them.
The focus of First Principles: National Security _
and Civil Liberties will be on following these issues
and the many turns and twists taken in the conflict
between expansive claims of national security and
civil liberties. We hope to contribute to a return to
First Principles ? the necessary and vital right of
full and informed public participation in govern-
ment by increasing public awareness of con-
tinuing threats and of opportunities to improve the
situation.
Each monthly issue of First Principles will in-
clude an up-date on what has happened in the
Congress, the Courts, and elsewhere that affects
the conflicting claims of national security and civil
liberties. There will also be a literature review
keeping you abreast of relevant books, articles,
and government publications. Each issue will also
focus on a particular topic with guest articles,
citations of leading cases, and. analysis. In this
inaugural issue we survey the field as a whole.
Next month we will turn to national security
wiretaps.
c.1 CLU3
.1 . V ? 4. ....eirkoztte,
NOV./ : Freedom of
Information Act
i?
Why
First
Principles
It is at all times necessary, and more particularly so during the progress
of a revolution and until right ideas confirm themselves by habit, that
we frequently refresh our patriotism by reference to first principles.
THOMAS PAINE
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Approved For Release 2004M1baffffiety@ARAtR00020
6 all 1975
7T At 0
L. ?
By Paul Scott
Washington?Those increas-
ing, attacks against the Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency and
the.Federal Bureau of Investi-
gation are an
integral part :
of an civer-all
campaign to".
drastically
curtail every
aspect or u.s..
national se- -
curity.
The well-fi-
naryeea
1):igil_!slerg
orchestrated ---
by the left Scott .
leaning Center for National
Security Studies (CNSS)
which .has its headquarter!)
near the nation's capitol.
\.? Heavily loaded with antiwar
activists, radical leaders. end
former far-left government
officials, the CNSS is run by
Robert L. Borosage, a young
Washington attorney and ac-
tive member of the National
_j
1
r_inn
L.:
Lawyers Guild who was for-
merly with the radical Insti-
tute for Policy Studies.
Key consultants or associ-
ates of the group include
Morton Hatperia, a one time
staff member of the National
Security Council and a former
Deputy Assistant Secretary of
Defense and one of these sub-
ject to a.K.0 national security
wiretap, and John Marks,
once an assistant to the Seile
Departments directer of intel-
ligence and coauthor of an
anti-CIA book with former
CIA employe Victor_Matchet-
ti.
The CNSS's power flows
from a its members contacts
within the Administration, the
Congress, the press, ar.d pri-
vate foundations. The Stern.
and Field Fourele.tiens, noted
as sepiaorTera of reeacal and
far-left cauees, alreesly have
pureped more than a quarter_
_cf a million (Jailors into the.
op-erations of the CNSS.
' , ?
Q..01"--1711:72! (;-(1
Mother financial backer is
the Fund For Peace (FFP),
which has beeriJorking to
disarm the U.S. since If:69.
The CNSS launched the at-
tack against -the government's
security end intelligence agen-
cies last September with a two
day forum led by Richard J.
Barnet, a founder and codirec-
tor. cf the Institute for Policy
Studies, and Daniel Ellsbers,
former DetErii ?DE-Partnienti
radical who stole several thou-
sand government documents
involving U.S. participation in
the Vietnam war.
The principle theme of the
conference was that the Presi-
dent and Congress must dis-
mantle ce draztically curb the
govern:a:nt.'s covert intelli-
gence eel security operatioes.
TI-12: ATTACK PLAN?
Circuetrd et the meeting was
art case urreit revealing
the lareer scope of the organ-
iestiees's catilpaian against all
goverreient security and
intallieeace prce,r..!ms.
_
e t/9
''Of
Ej
0
(Or aro 77 5 77)7 V-,
It stressed that the CNSTh
S
had set up projects to monitor,
all intelligence and security
operations of the CIA, FBI,'
the military services, and the.
activities of the Law Enforce-;
merit Assistance Administra-
tion. "..;/
An immediate objective 'of
the group is to force all gov-
ernment agencies to end their
surveillance_ of far-left radi-
cals andtheir foreign contacts
including communists.
One of CNSS's top Congres-
sional supporters. Rep. Pella
Mitre, D-N.Y,. recently called
cif gesidera Ford to destroy
files the CIA has compiled
over the Vars on American
radicals and their foreign con-
necticns. This is aaother goal ?
of CNSS.
Government seeurity
formers, who, infiltrated the
CNSS, repert that its mem-
bers are r.n.v working
ultraliberal men'e..rrs of Con-
r?e.d the to try to
discredit the Cie. and FBI and
force ? these agencies to end
many of their security opera-
tions. ?
The findings of the inform-
ers have been circulated with-
*. in the Fcrd Administration
? since October 1 but until re- .
cently the reports failed to4
attract any attention outside .
or the government's security.
agencies.
3
FG C
ch? j iC T.
'Th
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6)RSt.
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Mr. Doron Bar-Levav
Center for Defense Information
122 Nhryland Avenue, N.B.
Washington, D.C. 20002
Dear Mr. Bar-Levav:
: 7 JAN 1975
The following is in response to your letter of 8 Noveml)er 1974
regarding nuMbers of personnel in this Agency involved in arms control
matters.
The CIA Act of 1949 exempts the Agency from releasing to the public
information pertaining to its personnel and their assignments. In the
interests of the security of the foreign intelligence activities of the
United States, CIA has consistently adhered to this exemption.
Therefore, I regret we cannot comply with your request.
Sincerely,
Typed:
Retyped
Rewritt
Rewritt
Distribution:
Orig. - Addressee
1v1- Asst to the
1 - OGC
1 - EO/DDA
1 - ISAS/CPB (74-176)
1 - ISAS/CPB chrono
Angus MacLean Thuermer
Assistant to the Director
Dec 74)
16 Dec 74)
er (20 Dec 74)
(6 Jan 75)
Director
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1?
I.
Approved For Release ;(3.&48/1D4Y:111A-RDP88-01315A6660c6860lci&byi eluf
?.77C
??1"
T-4
By :William E. Colby
? 7;
It is incumbent upon our government officials to e-
plain to the public the functions and activities of their
particular organizationse_and I include in this the cen-
tral Intelligence Agency and the intelligence commu-'I
nity.
Our military farces must be responsive to our public'7i;
but our public does not demand that our war plans be
1
na
? it is a strange anomaly that our country makes pub- I
licly available -vast amounts. of material, -whereas the
slifresponding material about Our Potential adversaries!
Mitst be collected by intelligence techniques- at a cost of ;
hundreds of millions of dollars. In this situation, if we ;
published. Our judicial System must ? meet the public's cannot protecCour intelligence sources- and methods, I
standards of justice, but our judicial conferences and I fear we may reach a situation in which our adversaries ;
grand jury proceedings are not conducted in public. It profit from our openness while we are blinded by their !
- I
? even necessary for the Congress to conductsome of it51 secTecY?
'business in executive session, while remaining accounta- ?'- In-a world which can destroy itself through misunder-
ble to the voters for the legislation it passes. Similarly, I ; standing or miscalculation, it. important that our lead-
rican people. -ers have a_clear perceptiOn of the motives, intentions,1
believe-it is feasible to explain to the Ame
and activities of CIA- and the intelligence. , and strategics' of other powers so that
they can be:-cle-
the functions1
terred negotiated about or countered in the interesteof
community while at the same time maintaining the nee--
essary secrecy of the sources and methods.. of our. intelTi- f-yeace or, if necessary the ultimate security of our coun-
,
grace, which would dry up if publicized. . lry. From closed societies they canbe obtained only by
.:,fecret in operations, without which cur Coun-
I believe I can respond to the--/Sublic's need for assui-
etry must risk subordination to .possible adVersarics.
ance by reporting 'fully to congressional committees or There are still certain situations in the world in
other bodies appointed by the public's, representatives to ..1,
?.which some discreet support can assist America's friends
receive and retain this sensitive information and tc !'against her _adversaries in their Contest for control of
make value judgements about our functions and activi-
'floret natior2s`. pc)litlear . direction, '.,??While these in-1
ties. Another test of our effectiveness lies in the opinions .4
-e.,stancea'are'few-?today compared:to the 1950s, I believe it -!
of those in the executive and legislature who , are pro-- -a- ? _ ? .? -? - .e
vicled the intelligence results of our operational and elle-. only prudent for our nation to be able to act in such
lytical.efforts, but not how these were obtained? and pro situations, and thereby- forestall greater difficulties .1or
diked. There is a final control, of course, in the fact that us in the future. -
some of our activiites, if badly handled, come to public In other situations, especially after Nikita Ithrush-
attention in a somewhat clamorous way. ? - they's enthusiastic espousal of the thesis of "wars of na-
? There have been some "bad secrets" concerning in- _tional liberation," the United States believed it essential
telligence; their exposure by our academic, journalist, to provide paramilitary support to certain groups and
and political critics certainly is an essential pair of the nations. In 1962, President Kennedy, for national policy
workings of our Constitution. The-re have . been some reasons, did not want to use uniformed forces- in Laos
"non-secrets" which did not need to be secret; I have but also _did not want to be limited to a mere diplomatic
undertaken a program of bringing these into the .open., ? protest against the 'continued presence of 5,000 North
But I think that responsible Americans realize that our Vietnamese troops in Laos in violation of the Geneva
country must protect some "good secrets."
Accords and their expansion of control over, cammuni-
If our laws provide for criminal penalties for the un- ties who wished- to resist them..
authorized disclosure of certain census information, in- Thus, CIA was directed to provide support to those
-come tax information, Selective Service information, '; communities, a duty Which .grew to a major effort,
and cotton and other agricultural statistics,. I think it known and approved by the Laos government, but not
reason-able that there should also be penalties for the un-,
-authorized disclosure of foreign intelligence sources and
:methods upon which the safety of the nation could well
depend.
We endeavor to serve the executive branch by pro-
ding intelligence on the facts of the world about us -i
;and our aseseesments of likely future developments. We ;
The Phoenix program in Vietnam has been badly
_elso try to eerve the Congress and the public by provid-
't misunderstood, I testified fully on this subject in 1971,
t-a.; the output of the intelligence investment made bya
but selective quotes from that testimony have been used
the United States, to support them in their role in Amer-
, ; to indicate that I directed a program of assassination,
jean dc-making. Thus, CIA has appeared before'
murder, etc., resulting in the deaths of over 20,000 Viet-,
[congressional] committees on 28 occasions this year,
namese. I then denied and I still flatly deny such a
..and we have cleared for publication some of this testi-
charge or such an interpretation of this program.
aaony on the Soviet Union and China. We also produce
On detail from CIA to the Department of State,
et number of unclassified publicatioiV-._ and distribute
was the principal adviser and supervised American sup-
throur,th the Library of C.-ingress to (weir 200 libra- port of the pacification program, which focused on se-
ries and institutes around the caun?try, as well as making _, likowiAla,;ion of
1P_Iblicly available our reportAPPraYstc,CFREReleasei200410f3 Ytiltik1515.6131-101ffigitipbri.
south Vietnam against error am it NMeteiretit North
-translated cionlments.
Vietnamese and the Viet Cong.
?
confronting North Vietnam and its allies with a direct
and overt U.S. challenge. As with the Bay of Pigs, when
the activity became too large, it no longer remained se-
cret. But it had been reported and appropriated for on a
regular basis by the authorized, elements of the Con-
gress?the war was no secret from them.
ri
N.)-1?,; '
MOMMANifingi? Ago54660_29 ?24?i S 17339
Septembe'r 24, 1974 COL
Approved-For I
Netease
Woriii food shortages are not going to go
away; it will require a long-term commit-
ment on the part of the U.S., Mr. Healey says.
"But it's important that we can show
-
through the petition drive] that the Amer-
lean people think differently than what Mr.
Butz is saying." . -
Otherwise, coalition officials feel, the Rome
conference will "fall flat on its face."
KNOWLEDGE NOT IMMORAL ??
Mr. THITRIVIOND. Mr. President, an
editorial addressing the current contro-
versy regarding the Central Intelligence
Agency appeared in the Augusta Chron-
icle newspaper, 'September 16, 1974.
This editorial entitled, "Knowledge
Not Immoral," recognizes the reality and
the necessity of the Central Intelligence
Agency. It also points out that_ some
authority must control the CIA and We
presently have such control by the
executive branch with oversight .powers
in the Congress. - ? .
Mr. President, I believe this editorial
will be helpful in the current debate and
ask unanimous consent that it be
printed in the RECORD at the conclusion
of my remarks.
There being no objection, the editorial
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows: _
- r.....Nowtrocs NOT Imasoaae
Meny Americans will find, objectionable
new attempts by pressure groups to give -
Congress greater control over the Central
Intelligence Agency. "
An outfit calling itself the Fund for Peace
has called for strict congressional operation-
al control over the CIA, claiming that the
C/A'S, "secret" role is "immoral" and some-
how violates "the United Nations and in?
ternational law."
What kind of reasoning is this? Is Ameri-
can security to be subjugated to the whims
of the 'United Nations, a majority of whose
members could safely be, called anti- ,
American? - '
The gathering of intelligence data on the
capabilities and intentions of potential ene-
mies is vital to national security, and can
hardly be construed as, "immoral." When the
CIA gets out of the intelligence field, of
course, then it risks getting out of line. '
"Secrecy," CIA Director William Colby
rightly says, "is not unique to the C/A." In
fact, our armed forces are responsibe to the
public, but the public doesn't demand that
their secret security plans be aired, pub-
lished, or hacked to pieces by a Senate
committee.
It seems to us, that some congressmen and
groups like the Fund for Peace, no matter
how well-intentioned, have no business de-
nying secrecy to the CIA, an agency whose
mission is information gathering and secur-
ing the well-being of our Nation.
TEE NIXON PARDON
Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, I am deeply
concerned about th?itterness that has
swept this country is a result of Presi-
dent Ford's pardon f former President
Nixon. As one of tho who favored even-
tual clemency, I d believe President
Ford's action was pre nature. Whether or
not the President wa right or wrong in
taking this step I be eve it is time that
all Americans come together again to
ce and solve the ve4y difficult problem
of the economy newt confronting this
coentry. This is not t e time to be con-
centrating on the divisive issues of the
Past. This is the tim.e to be workingito-
gether with all we have to assure that
the future of the country will not be
ha-
periled. Negative backward looking ef-
forts will do little to help our declining
economy.
Vermont Ri yster recently published
an article on ii e Presidential pardon in
the Wall Stree Journal. It is one of the
most perceptiv. I have seen on this sub-
ject and I ask Unanimous consent that
It be printed in he RECORD.
There being eo objection, the article
was ordered to printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
? A 'BITTER IRIT THAT WON'T Diz
(By V rmont Royster) -
WASFUNGTON.? t has been difficult these.
last 10 days to a
about the country
For one blesse
?August to the at
believe that the c
that nightmare
.across the land th
'and a visitor here
that we were going
The new Preside
Of fresh air into
had come a wave o
over the press galls
Congress. At long 1
a government no
scandals of the p
to the urgent prob
? Yet now, once ag in, the country and this Mr. Ford was not Just
city are caught up-1 acrimony. The country ing.nor mistaken in it
is angry,- the press bitter and the recrim- he was immoral. 'It is
Illations 11y throu the' halls of Congress, his wisdom that is awe.
Everywhere you tur the ghost of Richard That President Ford
Nixon walks the tow, . - - compassion 1.s sneered
_ The damage, then. was to the President's
credibility and, not much less important in
the real world, to his political Akin. It was
unbelievably clumsy, and this error was com-
pounded by the bungling that followed over
whether he would ectend other pardons to
those involved in Watergate.
One consequence s that now this Presi-
dent, like his two redecessors, will here-
after have a credibir y problem. He lost both
hie press secretary a d the confidence of the
press. Moreover, as Panels Farney reported
in The Wall Stree Journal, he raised in
many people's mind fundamental questions
about his Judgment.He showed himsel gutsy but exceedingly
Inept, and in the m len of Washington, in-
eptness in a Preside t is almost a cardinal
sin. Hereafter neither liticians nor journal-
ists will draw back f om criticizing him on
anything. .
ake off a sense of sadness Every President, an Mr. Ford Is no excep-
. - tion, comes to office with a store of political
month?from the Oth of capital he can draw
of September?you could the public. But he cm
untry had awakened from and only upon the Imo
:sown as Watergate. All Mr. Ford has span
re was a feeling of relief, thoughtlessly. For l th t, he and the country
at that time could hope must now pay a price. - ?
to have a tirnie-of healing. But while that is-ed, the violence of the
t had brought a breath reaction from both press and public is no
et White House...With it less so. To read some of the press comments,
go-eel feeling that swept to skim through the aU piling up on Con-
ies and into the halls, of gressmen's desks, is to etect not merely dia.;
t, or so it seemed, we had approbation of -the-Pre ident's decision but a
preoccupied with the touch of hysteria. . ..-e- a i,.:.
t and so ready to turn From many in the p ess, in the pulpit and
ms of the day. ? - ? among the public corn a the accusation that
sguided in his tint-
judgment but that
is character and not
n with Congress and
List spend it sparingly
t important objectives.
his -needlessly and
Especially at the l, kite House. It was Pies- - truly have believed it
ident Ford's press c erence Monday night, country to have done
but as question af r question returned to long run it was better
Watergate, the tape or the pardon, It was ordeal, is dismissed ou
Clear that the h of Mr. Nixon still comments on Gerald Po
haunts the East Roo - . . tion of how deeply, sus
So the sadness is --fir a new President who have cut into the body
In one ill-advised m ment emptied his res-
And there is another
ervoir of good-will. I is also, though, for the fling through the outcrie
pie furious with Preside
not want Mr. Nixon to
any act of mercy or corn
waited another time. Ye
waited until charges wer
der if they would not h
wait for an indictment.
brought, that he should
a conviction. And then
punishmeDt.,crais vremaz
Many Justify this by sa
know "the whole truth"
dent himself is brought
not know enough after a
legs, all these tapes, all
inquiry. Yet the man w
impeachment inquiry, H
mit-tee counsel John Doa
think so. "The facts hay
he says, and anythieg
"just be cumulative."
Observing the outcry
the feeling that accu
many of these people re
the accumulation of lac
lation of punishment.
anger vented on Preside;
a cry for vengeance on
Those who say there should be no par-
don, ever, for Mr.
straightforward, and t
the merit of righteousn
would go so far as to r
the trilogy .of yIrtues o
never be pardons for
of their righteousness
this man alone punish
end.
ght have hacl some
at. That he might
was better ? for the
th this, that in the
not -to prolong the
of hand. In these
d there--is a revela-
'clan and distrust
-
undercurrent- run-
. Most Of these peo-
t Ford say they do
o to jail, but that
assion should have
had the President
brought, you won-
'vs said he should
? indictment being
ait perchance for
?r at least. "some"
revelation of how sh now it. was, how ready
many were to see it d ssipated- and how eager
they were to leap up n. his wounds.
And not the least
these 10 days have
and vengeful spirit a
Including some wit
forget nothing and
too, has not been a pre
Begin with Preside
was not simply that
Nixon. It is hardly to
came to that, he won'
dent led manacled to
hope, that the people
I the sadness is what
evealed of the bitter
oad among the people,
.the press, that will
orgive nothing. That,
ty sight.
t Ford. His blunder
e pardoned Richard
expected that, if it
see the former Presi-
e dock nor, I should
ould wish him to.
It was not entirely, either, that the pardon
was "premature," thouh that is a word fre-
quently beard hereabo ? ta. No matter what
time he picked, there w uld be those to find
it Wrong.
- A SURPRISE
-a The heart of the Pres
that he did what he
he would not do. Only t
Ford appeared to say thait he would wait at
least until some' charves were brought
against Mr. Nixon for ich he could be
pardoned. And until the
he misled this own press
leading the press and in
NMS his intention.
Then he reversed himself abruptly, with no
preparation of public opinion, and so casually
of a Sunday morning that the people heard
the deed before they heard any explanation
for it. Shock was then inevitable, and no
matter how well reasoned the President's de-
cision the explanation could never catch up.
? ?, ,
EVERSAL ? : ? .
dent's blunder was
emed to have said
o weeks earlier Mr.
vs of his decision
cretary into mis-
public that this
ETIV
ng we shall never
riless the ex-Prest-
trial, as in we did
those Senate hear--
that impeachment
o conducted that
es Judiciary Com-
, certainlyndoes not
been established,"
Ise would at most
on cannot ;escape
ulation is what
?ly want, not Just
but the accumu-
early much of the
Ford is in reality
? ichard Nixon.
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Nixon are more
eft- argument has
. Yet few of them
move charity from
argue there should
stone. So the anger
ems to say that for
lent should have no
r--- -0
(JAIL)
LI
NEW YORK Trtas P-- /1--Ns C I N?ra
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eJ
C.1 .A.' s Co-vert Role: Ford' s D ef ense
Runs Against Current Trend e (,Amc't n'PrI
By CLIFTON DANIEL
Se-ectal to The New Yore Thee
WASHINGTON, Sept. 17 ?
President Ford helped revive a
dying issue last night. That is-
sue was whether it was proper
for a democracy, using its
teiligence agencies to intervene'
in the internal af-
fairs of other coun-
News . tries.
Analysis Mr. Ford, ata
news conference,
seemed to answer
the question affirmatively. He
acknowledged that the United
States had made_ an effort to
preserve an. opposition press
and opposition political parties
in Chile during the rule of a
Marxist President, Salvador Al-
lende Gossens, -who died in a
military coup. in. September,
1973.
President Ford justified the
effort, which was made during
the Nixon Administration, by
saying that it was.:"in the best
interest of the people or C'mle,
and certainly in our best
interest." .
"I am reliably informed,"
Mr. Ford said, "that Commu-
nist naLions spend vastly more
money than we do for the same
kind of purpose."
His response was presumably
!considered in advance- He had
i every reason to expect a ques-
tion on the subject because of
the recent disclosure that the
!Nixon Administration author-
ized the ? Central Intelligence
i Agency to spend $8-million on!
-covert activities in Chile be-
tween 1970 and 1973.
Indeed, Mr. Ford may have'
had the help of those who au,,
thorized those expenditures in
framing his reply. In any event,
he chose to defend the behavi-
or of the old Administration
rather than chart a new policy
for his own.
; His response was presumably
considered in advance. He had
every reason to expect a ques-.
,tic-n on the subject. Last week..
it was disclosed that the Nixon
Adm'eistration had authorized;
the .Corral Intelligence Agency
.to spend $3-million on covert?
:.activities in Chile between 1970
land 1973. Those activities were
approved by the so-called 40
Committe, whose chairman was
and is Secretary of State Kis-
singer.
7,-1r. Ford possibly may have
hod- help of those who
auEhori7gd those expenditures
in _Fr:?imin;.-5r, his reply. In any
th-?. President chose to
&q:io behavior o.1,2?1a.,Q
Ad:inist.ration rat.1-11N-NtYa
elYjtri: il?'?V 130iiCy for his oi,vn.
Cold-War Rhetoric Seen
Another kind of reply was
possible. The President might
have said that he was not re-
sponsible for past activities of
the C.I.A., but would be re-
sponsible for its future behav-
ior, and would accordingly re-
view its policies and plans.
'He did promise to meet with
the Congressional committees,
that review the covert actionsi
of.the agency to see whether;
they might want to change the
review process. Those commit-
tees, however, are not noted ire
Washington for vigor and skep-
ticism.
Mr. Ford himself was a mem-
her of one of them for nine,
years when he was a Repre-1
isehtative from Michigan.
- His reversion last night to:
the reason and rhetoric of the
cold war, however mildly ex-
pressed, led to speculation;
that his mind was still set in
that mold
' "If it was good enough for
Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy;
Johnson and Nixon, then it's
lgood enough for Ford," one of!
the President's friends re-i
marked today.
"That's the way he thinks."
Even in an Administration
that has been dedicated to
openness and candor, President
Ford was judged in Washington
to have spoken with remark--
able frankness.
"It is the first time in my
memory that a President has
come out flatly and said, 'We
do it, the other side does it,
and we do it,'" said Prof. Rich-
ard N. Gardner, a specialist M
international law at Columbia
University, speaking from New
York.
Secret C.I.A. operations such,
as the overthrow of Premier
Mohammed Mossadegh of Iran-
in 1953 and President Jacob?
Arbenz Guzman of Guatemala.
in 1954, the Bay of Pigs inva-
sion of Cuba in 1961 and later
operations in Laos have been
identified when they became
too big and notorious to be core,
cealed.
However, none has ever been,
acknoWledged as readily and!
fully as the Calle operation, al-i
though the acknowledgment
was low-keyed.
It came, oddly, when such ac-
tivities seemed to be going out!
of style. Eighteen months agO
the Nixon Administration let iti
be known that the clandestin
operations of the C.I.A. w
being curtailed.
-MI Just last week, William E.
Colby, Director of Central Intel-
ligence, said it was "clear tha
American policy today is differ-
ent from when it was confront-
ing worldwide Communist sub-
version in the nineteen fifties
or Communist insurgency in
the ninetee sixties."
"As a result," Mr. Colby told
tte Fud, for Peace conference,
in Washington, "C.I.A.'s in-I
volvement in covert action is
very small.indeed."
Abandoning covert action en-
tirely "would not have a major
impact on our current activities
or.the current security of the
United States," Mr. Colby ack-
nowledged.
However, the capacity for
such action may be needed in
, case of some new threat, he ad-
'ded, and it would be a mistake
to :leave us with nothing be-
tween a diplomatic protest and
sending the Marines."
There was a conspicuous dif-
ference in tone between Mr.
Colby and President Ford, his
new boss, but both seemed to
take it for granted that the-
United States had the right to
intervene in the affairs of other
countries in its own interest.
' When Mr. ford was asked
what international law gave the
United. States the right to "des-
tabilize the constitutionally
elected government of another
country," the President de-
clined to talk about law, but
said, "it's a recognized fact
that historically, as well as pre-
sently, such actions are taken
in the best interests of the
countries involved."
Commenting on that, Senator
Frank Church, Democrat of Ida-
no, who Is a high-ranking mem- ,
ber of the Senate Foreign Rela-
tions Committee, said today:
"It seems he declared that the
United States respects no law
other than the law of the jungle
in its dealings with foreign
countries. He equates us with
the Russians. I thought there
was a difference, and the differ-
ence is what it's all about."
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f.. V S
NEW YORX DAILY NEVIS
..4?,./ h.: 1, o ) if
Approved For Release 2004/1011,? :Scl7A-EPP88-01315R000k0OzovOu-i-z C l b r.-4;
(i
-
Denies
By JOSEPH. VOLZ
Washington, Sept. 13 (News Bureau)?CIA_ director William E. Colby insisted
today that the agency liv..d. "no connection with the military coup" that toppled Chile's
Marxist president, Salvador Allende, last year.
Facing a hostile audience at a
seminar on the CIA sponsored by
the Fund for Peace Colby con-
ceded, however, that agency offi-
cers "did look forward to a
change of government at the elec-
tion in 1976 by democratic politi- , Defending the CIA's covoet ac-
Colby had previously testified l's ? .,hH,4?.1,,i., . .:...::..i
.-i-- . - : ::-:.-1:-.';:.f.-.
the cold war era they "assisted in
cal forces." . tivities, Colby argued that ing
behind closed doors before con- -.. ?:',:,::.t.. . laying the groundwork" for
gressional committees that the
covert
J. eventual detente with Communist
nations.
CIA had an 611 million op?
eration to disrupt.-the Allende .
government. He denied published K,=1 But the V a 1 u e of covert ?pert.-
reports that he used the words ,, tions known as "dirty cricks," was
"political destabilizaticm" to is disputed by a former, as.sistant;
fer to the agency's activities in CIA director, Herbert Scovilla
Chile. He refused, however, to-go Jr., who contended that 'th.etr.
into detail as to just what the are of almost no value today...3'
CIA operation was. He argued that Spy satellites and..
I A Shout From the Audience other scientific wizard!, have
At one point in his speech to- made human spies lees and less:
day, Colby was interrupted by a imnortant.
youn,g man in the audience who 'Io ton Halpern, a former Na-.
shouted, "H.ow many people did tional Security Council...,:affer..
you kill in Vietnam?" During the contended that CIA clandestine
19603 Colby headed a controversi- operations at:e H:.) secret that eee.n,
al program in . South Vietnam William E. Colby key officials in the governmenti
colleed Operation Phoenix which Faces a hostile audience often are not told thus limiting
was (.1,2scribed by critics as a Plandissent.
to assas:iinate Viet Cor.g leaders, Vietnamese 1),i.ice. He contended Colby's aptiea-fance before a
Colby insisted thata 1117,-,ou.e.,h tluit the aim was to identif.7.- and Capitol HT ,:orerenceN run -.-:- .,.n
20,003 ViVetnatnese were killed arrest Viet COrIg leaders, not to arm of the -crvately-spo-nsofe(1
while Operation Phoenix was in kill them. Pund for P,.2o..:e was seen
force, most died in combat or Sen. James Abouezk. (D-S?0?) anothe.r ef..fo.1.: to .shaw t:lat
while resine, arrest by South_ asked Colby II he ,Denevedthe ag,ency re,qlize-5 it must. 3 re-
sporsible to the public.
U.S. government should have a
policy of subverting foreign gov-
ernments. The CIA director re-
sponded that he just followed
orders from the National Screir-
ity Council.
Cl ?f?-, c e
1 "--) 3 ,Ye ov; i/c
p Int c aTo
d ( i\J 0 FOk,
emomposisigiit40,
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IApproved 1,ol. ttel2AI,91/19!.1 ..E91-3pc.?,S?.-C1-....115R000200580001- Execurxe Resr;-31-.-y
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20503
15 August 1974
Mr. Robert L. Borosage
1930 Biltmore Street, N. W.
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. Bo;cosage:
//' GS. rt3C.,
c-)
j>
Thank you you for your invitation to appear at your
conference on the Central Intelligence Agency and Covert
Actions. As you no doubt are aware from the press, we in
CIA have attempted to be responsive to Congressional and
public interest in our activities to the extent this is
possible while fulfilling my statutory responsibilities to
protect intelligence sources and methods. In this we are
seeking to conform with our open Constitutional society
and at the same time carry out the intelligence functions
essential to protect it.
Thus I have accepted invitations to speak before a
variety of groups seriously interested in understanding CIA
and its functioning. In principle, therefore, I would accept
your invitation and welcome the opportunity to present my
views on this subject. As you note in your letter, however,
I 'am somewhat impressed with the fact that "most" of the
papers and subjects on your program are indeed critical of
the Agency and its activities. I am surprised that there
is no apparent attempt to examine the need for the contribution
that objective and independent intelligence can make to policy-
making. I also note that there is no discussion of the
potential difficulties posed to our country and our open
society by the closed societies with whom we share this world
and whose intentions and capabilities vis-a-vis the United
States can best be negotiated about or cciuntered if they are
known to our national leadership. I think, for example, of
the contribution intelligence has made ts peace in a variety
of situations, from the Cuban missile crisis to the SALT
agreements, matters in which I would think your Fund would
be interested and would applaud.
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