FBIS MODERNIZATION PROGRAM CONCEPT DEFINITION STUDY CONCEPT OF OPERATION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP88-00218R000300210001-0
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 45
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 18, 2012
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: October 30, 1984
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/10/18: CIA-RDP88-00218R000300210001-0
FBIS CMERNIZAT:ON FROGRAM
C NCEFF IIIEKNEEON SR=
CONCEFF OF OPERATION
GcG
=EIDEIJD
cj 772
J L
PREPARED FOR
Foreign 3n-caEcEst =llaleammation Oerrvfice
Xerox Special ffnformation Systems
Pasadena, California 911109
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/10/18: CIA-RDP88-00218R000300210001-0
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/10/18 : CIA-RDP88-00218R000300210001-0
IS MODERNIZATION PROGRAM
CONCEPT DEFINITION PHASE
CONCEPT OF OPERATION
XSIS REPORT 6080-1
OCTOBER 30, 1984
Prepared for.
FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
UNDER CONTRACT 84X*927800*000
Xerox Special Information Systems
250 North Halstead Street
Pasadena, California
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/10/18: CIA-RDP88-00218R000300210001-0
Table of Contents
XEROX
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.
SCOPE
1
2.1.18 Node Level Systems
Architecture
6
2.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
2
2.1.19 Generic Bureau Systems
2.1 System Architecture
2
Architecture
6
2.1.1 Distributed Processing
2
2.1.20 Headquarters
Unclassified Systems
2.1.2 Workstations
2
Architecture
7
2.1.3 Servers and Services
3
2.1.21 Headquarters Classified
Systems Architecture
7
2.1.4 Local Area Network
4
2.1.22 JPRS Systems
2.1.5 Clearinghouse Service
4
Architecture
9
2.1.6 Mail Service
4
2.2 Collection Control
2.3 Bureau Monitor/Editor
2.1.7 External Mail Gateway
Operations
11
Service
4
2.1.8 File Service
4
2.4 Bureau Data Base
2.1.9 Print Service
4
Operations
12
2.1.10 External Communication
2.5 Bureau Communications
13
Service
4
2.6 Headquarters Unclassified
2.1.11 Asynchronous
Processing and Composition
13
Communication
Protocol
4
2.7 Headquarters Classified
2.1.12 Interactive Terminal
Processing and Composition
14
Service
5
2.8 Headquarters Data Base
2.1.13 Internetwork Routing
Service
5
Operations
15
2.1.14 Remote Batch Service
5
2.9 Headquarters
2.1.15 Server Monitor Service
5
Communications
15
2.1.16 Database Service
6
3.
FUNCTIONAL INTERFACES
17
2.1.17 Network Level Systems
3.1 Internal Interfaces
17
Architecture
6
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Concept of Operation
XEROX
3.1.1 Bureau Workstation--
3.2.4 Phototypesetter
24
Collection Control
17
4.
PROCESS FLOWS
25
3.1.2 Bureau Workstation--
4.1 FBIS Overall Operations
25
Data Base Operations
19
(
4.2 Field Bureau Operations
25
3.1.3 Bureau Workstation--
Running Summary
20
4.3 Field Bureau Administration
28
3.1.4 Headquarters
4.4 Automatic Dissemination
29
r
Workstation?Data
4.5 FBIS Wire Service
29
Base Operations
20
4.6 Daily Report
29
3.1.5 Headquarters
4.7 Production Group: Area
Workstation--Writers
Division
32
Workbench
22
4.8 Joint Publications Research
3.1.6 Receiver--Communica-
tions Interface
Service--Area Section
34
Unit (RTTY)
23
4.9 Joint Publications Research
Service--Publications Section
34
3.2
External Interfaces
23
4.10 Analysis Group
35
3.2.1 Wire Service
23
4.11 Liaison and Requirements
3.2.2 Landline--Communica-
tions Interface
Branch
38
r
Unit (Press Agency)
23
4.12 Reference Service
40
3.2.3 Bureau Communica-
4.13 Monitoring Operations
tions Links
Division
40
(Autodin, etc)
23
r 'I
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XEROX
ILLUSTRATIONS
2-1
Schematic Diagram of a Typical
3-2
Document Transfer Form
19.
Distributed System
3
3-3
Monitor/Editor Screens for Live
2-2
Principal Components of
Speech Coverage
21
Global Internet
6
4-1
FBIS Overall Data Flow Diagram
26
2-3
Generic Bureau Systems Architecture
7
4-2
Field Bureau Data Flow Diagram
27
2-4
Headquarters Unclassified Systems
4-3
Wire Service Data Flow Diagram
30
Architecture--Services
8
4-4
Daily Report Data Flow Diagram
31
2-5
Headquarters Unclassified Systems
Architecture?Workstations
8
4-5
Area Division Data Flow Diagram-I
33
4-6
Area Division Data Flow Diagram-II
35
2-6
Headquarters Classified Systems
Architecture
10
4-7
JPRS Area Section Data Flow
Diagram
36
2-7
JPRS Systems Architecture
10
4-8
JPRS Publications Section Data
2-8.
Collection Subsystem
11
Flow Diagram
37
2-9
Datafusion Distributed Database
4-9
Analysis Group Data Flow Diagram
39
Architecture
16
3-1
Receiver Control
18
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Concept of Operation
XEROX
SECTION 1
SCOPE
This document describes the proposed mod-
ernized FBIS system at the concept definition
level. Section 2 describes how the system oper-
ates by identifying system functions, indicating
the way in which functions are allocated to sys-
tem hardware and software segments, and con-
necting segments to form a system block
diagram. The block diagrams illustrate the
relationships between the system segments
and provide the basis for a discussion of the
relationships between the processing, commun-
ications and DBMS portions of the system.
Section 3 describes external and major internal
interfaces of the system. These interfaces include
both user interfaces and interfaces between
system segments. Section 4 describes system
activities through the use of a series of data flow
diagrams which trace the flow of information
from the collection source to the published and
disseminated products.
1
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CLIVI I
XEROX
SECTION 2
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
2.1 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
This. section introduces the system architecture
and the general idea of operation in a
distributed system environment. Distributed
processing concepts are introduced, followed by
a discussion of the various elements of the system
architecture. Finally the architectures developed
for the Field Bureaus and the several segments Of
the Headquarters operation are presented.
2.1.1 Distributed Processing
System architectures which distribute computer
resources over a shared communication medium
are known generically as distributed processing.
This modern architecture philosophy is rapidly
superseding the traditional centralized
processing architectures which are based on
mainframes and relatively simple terminals at
user locations. The principal advantages of
distributed processing are in the areas of:
? Performance
? Reliability
? Cost
By distributing the processing power to the point
of use, the system architecture achieves more
than high quality user interfaces, it particularly
enables system extension in small economic
units. Since each new unit also brings its own
increment of processing power with it, new users
fit gracefully into the system with minor impact
on existing performance. Furthermore, reliability
is increased when functions are distributed
across multiple computer-based devices and not
concentrated in a single mainframe.
2
Xerox distributed processing systems are
organized into the Xerox Network Systems (XNS)
architecture. This architecture defines the set of
principles, formats, and conventions that govern
the exchange of information among the
"citizens" of this architecture. A network citizen
can communicate easily on a local network or
with remote networks across town or across the
world. XNS architecture integrates information
handling for network citizens and enables local
area networks to join together to form wide area
networks.
Network citizenship is not restricted to Xerox
products. Xerox has provided hardware and
software to make the IBM PC and its compatibles
into network citizens. Compatibility software
enables non-network citizens to access the
shared resources offered by Xerox network
services. Both personal computers and standard
terminals can dial into the network to achieve a
temporary connection with one of the
compatibility services. These services also enable
network citizens to access the products of other
vendors and other network architectures, such as
IBM's System Network Architecture.
Figure 2.1 shows a typical distributed system. It
illustrate how network citizens are intercon-
nected to provide a desired functionality.
Network citizens fall into two principal
categories: workstations and servers. The
following sections describe these citizens in more
detail.
2.1.2 Workstations
A workstation consists of a computer devoted to
to one user at a time, a typewriter-like keyboard,
a display screen or other output device, some
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System Description
XEROX
8037 File
Server
8044
Printer
8071 Comm.
Server
8014
Workstation
caugehn
8071 Comm.
Server
,M111
Ethernet
Ethernet
8014
Workstation
moo III
Personal
Computer
8014
Workstation
l-n
TTY
I I
873 Comm.
Interface
Figure 2-1 Schematic Diagram of a Typical Distributed System
storage for programs and documents, and a
connection to a local network.
One of the ? family of network-citizen
workstations created by Xerox is the Dandelion.
processor and display running the Star software.
This workstation, often referred to as a Star
workstation; is an especially effective multi-
function workstation with a multiple window
capability which enables the user to
communicate with many services at one time. Its
efficient user interface makes network resources
such as mail, print and file appear as desktop
resources on the display.
2.1.3 Servers and Services
A server is a system element that supplies one or
more shared network resources. to Xerox
network ,citizens. Each Xerox network
installation includes at least one server dedicated
to the support of one or more of the Xerox
services. Server refers to the hardware; service
refers to the software providing a particular
shared resource.. Many workstations can use and
share .the services running on a single server.
Servers can perform many tasks at one time for
many workstation users.
A network service is the software that makes a
shared resource available to network. citizens.
This resource could be a peripheral, such as a
printer or large database system, or it could be an
element of a distributed support mechanism,
such as a directory, mail, or compatibility service.
Services usually do not initiate action but are
always available to answer requests over the
network from clients who wish to use their
capabilities. A client may be a user at a
workstation (for example, sending a document
to be printed), or another service (for example, a
File Service checking with the Clearinghouse
Service to determine a user's access rights to a ,file
drawer). The requesting client can be on the
same or a different network so long as the
request follows the protocols appropriate for the
service.
3
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Concept ot Operation
XEROX
2.1.4 Local Area Network
The Xerox local area network (LAN) is called
Ethernet and is based on a coaxial cable. This is
an industry standard network (IEEE 802.3
standard for CSMA/CD protocols) that carries
packets of information to equipment at 10
million bits per second. This high speed network,
provides a flexible, low cost connection between
individual workstations and shared servers
within an establishment or through multiple
interconnected Ethernets (an internetwork). An
internetwork (internet) is the composite of
interconnected networks in which all elements
attached to any of the networks can
communicate with any other element attached
to the network.
2.1.5 Clearinghouse Service
The Clearinghouse Service (CHS) helps provide
the foundation for the other network services. It
is not needed on all servers, but all networks
must have access to at least one Clearinghouse.
It forms a network community, comprised of
people, services, servers and resources that are
managed by the services. All these network
entities must be named and registered in the
Clearinghouse, providing a system-wide
directory of the network. Through the
Clearinghouse, all other services find the
information needed to answer requests, such as
where a user's mailbox is located for mail
distribution, freeing the user from memorizing
complex pathnames. The Clearinghouse also
authenticates users when they access network
resources, providing network security.
2.1.6 Mail Service
The Mail Service (MS) provides an electronic post
office which offers almost instant
communication between network users.
Messages consisting of plain text notes or
complex documents containing graphics can be
sent to any registered user. The MS requires a
File Service for backing up its database.
2.1.7 External Mail Gateway Service
The External Mail Gateway Service enables mail
exchange between internets while preventing
other forms of interaction (for example, file
access) between the internets involved. Modified
External Mail Gateways will be used for
connection to Autodin and for one-way
computer-to-computer connection from the
unclassified FBIS HQ system to the classified HQ
system.
2.1.8 File Service
The File Service (FS) provides large volume
storage of documents.and folders for multiple
users on the network. Users can share
information efficiently. through this storage
facility. File services will provide storage for in-
process documents in the FBIS System.
2.1.9 Print Service
The Print Service- (PS) provides a network
resource for obtaining printed output of
documents for multiple users. Electronic (laser)
and facsimile printers associated with PS can
produce documents with graphic illustrations,
equations, multiple fonts, and text with exacting
detail. A modification to PS will enable output to
APS-5 phototypesetters.
2.1.10 External Communication Service
The External Communication Service (ECS)
supports information exchange between Xerox
network devices and non-Xerox devices. The ECS
enables networked workstations to access
mainframe computers through terminal
emulation. It is capable of interpreting foreign
(non-Xerox) protocols so that information can
flow between the network and the foreign
device.
2.1.11 Asynchronous Communication Protocol
Asynchronous Communication Protocol works
with the External Communication Service to
support emulation sessions in which the
4
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System Description
XEROX
workstation emulates a VT100 or standard TTY-
type terminal. With the emulation protocol on
the server and. emulation software on the
workstation, workstation users can interact with
remote hosts. VT100 emulation will be used for
much of the interaction with Digital Equipment
Corporation VAX servers running database
functions.
2.1.12 Interactive Terminal Service
The Interactive Terminal Service (ITS) enables
users of remote personal computers and teletype
terminals to access the Network Mail and File
Services. The ITS requires External
Communication Service with Asynchronous
Communication Protocol activated in order to
access these services.
2.1.13 Internetwork Routing Service
The Internetwork Routing Service (IRS)
interconnects Ethernets to form a larger single
network called an internetwork. This larger
network unites users, workstations, services, and
servers, allowing the all the resources_ on the
networks to be shared using the same
conventions regardless of their location.
2.1.14 Remote Batch Service
Remote Batch Service (RBS) provides document
interchange and file transfer facilities with
devices that require the IBM Binary Synchronous
(BSC) data transmission protocol. This protocol is
used by the IBM 2770, 2780, and 3780 remote
batch terminals, and is often emulated by othe
major data processing and word processing
devices. RBS uses the File Service for storage of
documents received from remote devices.
Modifications to the RBS will be used to
implement the FBIS "News Service" to capture
press agency copy.
2.1.15 Server Monitor Service
The Server Monitor Service (SMS) keeps track of
one or more servers on the Ethernet or internet.
At established intervals, it connects to the
designated server and generates a log about that
server's performance. SMS requires the use of a
File Service for backup of this log.
2.1.16 Database Service
The Database Service runs on Digital Equipment
Corporation (DEC) VAX machines and supports
several different database management systems
(DBMS) depending on whether it is deployed at
Bureau or HQ locations. At HQ locations the
Database Service also requires Datafusion
Corporation hardware devices. The DBMS
software used is:
DEC Rdb
Battelle BASIS
Datafusion
Headquarters
Bureaus
2.1.17 Network Level Systems Architecture
The geographical internet architecture enables
information interchange among multiple
geographically separated networks such as the
FBIS Bureaus, Headquarters, Lateral Consumers,
Wire Service Customers and Agency computers.
Figure 2-2 shows a schematic diagram of the
geographical distribution of the principal
components of FBIS internet.
The Headquarters internet consists of three
principal networks:
1. Headquarters unclassified network
which includes, Operations Group,
Analysis Group, and part of Production
Group.
2. Headquarters classified network for the
Analysis Group.
3. JPRS network.
A one-way-only Mail Gateway connects the
unclassified HQ network to the classified HQ
network via a fiber-optic link. An Internetwork
Routing Service connects the unclassified HQ
network to the JPRS network.
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Concept of Operation
XEROX
A classified interface connects the HQ classified
network with Agency computers.
A Communication Interface Unit (873) connects
to the existing Wire Service lines for traffic to
Wire Service Customers.
A modified Mail Gateway connects the HQ
Internet with the Autodin switches at Fort
Detrick and Andrews AFB.
Bureaus connect via Autodin I & IV, DoS
COMSAT, DTS, DCS, Telex, and leased lines to the
HQ internet.
2.1.18 Node Level Systems Architecture
The node level systems architecture describes
distribution among multiple computers (such as
workstations and servers) colocated in a single
processing facility, communicating through their
own I/O channels and local area network (LAN).
The systems architecture for the following
networks is described:
? Generic Bureau System
? Headquarters Unclassified System
? Headquarters Classified System
? JPRS System.
2.1.19 Generic Bureau Systems Architecture
The Bureau systems architecture uses distributed
processing and resource uniformity as a
fundamental philosophy to enable easy scaling
of each Bureau's individual network installation
to satisfy its specific size and function
requirements. Figure 2-3 diagrams a generic
bureau network: The architecture uses standard-
product 8000NS workstations and servers from
NETWORK LEVEL DESIGN -- Geographical Distribution
FBIS HEADQUARTERS
CLASSIFIED -AG
UNCLASSIFIED
AGENCY
COMPUTERS
1.D..R. .1
PR
1 WIRE SERVICE
JPRS
AUTODIN I & V
DOS COMSAT
DTS
DCS
TELEX
LEASED LINES
OTHERS
LATERAL
CONSUMERS
4-4
BUREAUS
? London
? Abidjan
? Austria
? Key West
? Panama
? Paraguay
? Okinawa
? Hong Kong
? Bangkok
? Seoul
? Nicosia
? Tel Aviv
? Jordan
? Gulf
? Swaziland
Figure 2-2 Principal Components of Global Internet
? 6
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System Description
XEROX
NODE LEVEL DESIGN -- LOCAL DISTRIBUTION (LAN)
Multilingual
Printer
Multilingual =
Printer
VAX Server with RA81 Disk Drives
? Running Summary
? Collection Control
? Bureau Administration
? DEC Relational DBMS (RDB)
? Battelle BASIS for Text Files
IEEE 488 BUS
? Antennas
? Receivers
? Recorders
Autodin I &V
DOS Comsat
Telex
DTS
DCS
Figure 2-3 Generic Bureau Systems Architecture
Xerox plus standard-product VAX servers from
Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). Database
software from DEC (VAX Rdb) and Battelle
(BASIS) provides for access to permanent data.
Special Bureau needs require some custom-
ization of the standard software but no hard-
ware development is needed.
2.1.20 Headquarters Unclassified Systems
Architecture
The Headquarters Unclassified System
architecture uses the same distributed
architecture and equipment as is used for the
Bureaus. In addition, a distributed high-
performance database management system
from Datafusion Corporation enables rapid
access to all permanent data and enables
economic extension of the database. Figures 2-4
and 2-5 show the services and workstation
portions of the architecture.
The HQ Unclassified System connects via a
standard Internetwork Routing Service (IRS) to
the JPRS system and via a one-way modified Mail
Gateway service to the HQ Classified System.
2.1.21 Headquarters Classified Systems
Architecture
Because security needs require one-way-only
computer-to-computer communications be-
tween unclassified and classified' networks, it is
necessary to replicate the unclassified FBIS
database in a classified environment. This
requires a separate classified installation that
performs all functions offered by the unclassified
system, except for communication to unclassified
systems.
All incoming unclassified material that ends up in
the database and all incoming messages destined
for mailboxes on the HQ Classified System are
7
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Loncept ot Operation
XEROX
NODE LEVEL DESIGN -- LOCAL DISTRIBUTION (LAN)
Incoming, Outgoing, AG, DR
& PROD Mail Service
VAX Cluster & RA81 Disk Drives
? Writer's Workbench
? Full-Text Product
? AG Office & Personal Files, Etc.
? DEC Relational DBMS (RDB)
? Datafusion Text Files
DR File Service
for In-process Files
Figure 2.4 Headquarters Unclassified Systems Architecture -- Services
NODE LEVEL DESIGN -- LOCAL DISTRIBUTION (LAN)
Composition
Figure 2-5 Headquarters Unclassified Systems Architecture -- Workstations
8
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1-
li
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System Description
XEROX
transmitted to the Classified System via a
modified Mail Gateway and one-way-only fiber-
optic link. Sanitized documents can be written
to flexible disk media for transfer in the other
direction to the unclassified network. ?
A classified communications interface is used for
communications with Agency computers. Figure
2.6 shows the Headquarters Classified Systems
Architecture.
2.1.22 JPRS Systems Architecture
The JPRS network also uses the distributed
processing architecture employed for the other
Headquares networks. JPRS may be located
remotely and tied into the HQ Unclassified
network as shown in Figure 2-7, or colocated.
Independent contractors may communicate with
JPRS via the Interactive Terminal Service (ITS) or
via flexible diskettes. A networked IBM PC has
been supplied for interfacing with the diskettes.
2.2 COLLECTION CONTROL
The collection control subsystem consists of the
following components: antennas; antenna
multicouplers; computer-controlled coaxial
matrix antenna switches; TV tuners and HF
receivers; computer-controlled matrix receiver/
tuner output switches; computer-controlled
audio and FAX-type recorders; and a
minicomputer.
Control of the collection subsystem is
accomplished by a Boardman file-driven
computer that selects the proper antennas, sets
the receiver parameters, switches the receiver
outputs to the proper monitor and/or recorder,
and turns on the desired recorders according to
the schedule using an IEEE-488 bus.
The block diagram shown in Figure 2-8 illustrates
the configuration of the equipment in the
collection subsystem. Note that this is a
generalized block diagram as the specific
number of antennas, receivers, and recorders will
vary according to the requirements at a
particular ,bureau. The system has been
specifically designed with modularity in mind so
that satisfying the differing configuration
requirements for various sized bureaus is not a
problem. Referring to the block diagram, some.
of the pertinent features of the architecture can
be observed:
? all TV and HF antennas can be computer-
switched to any acceptable receiver or
tuner
? Cruiser antennas bypass the computer-
switches to allow manual selection of any
antenna since this operation is not
sufficiently scheduled to permit
computer control
? TV tuners are provided to convert all
incoming channels to a common one so
that all TV sets can then be set to the
same channel and the channel switching
accomplished by computer
? the TV sets in the Monitor's positions are
always ON and just prior to a scheduled
event the Monitor is sent an Alert
message and the proper channel is
computer-switched to the set
? complete control of the HF receivers is
provided including frequency,
bandwidth, gain, etc.,
? note that Monitor control is also
provided as discussed in Sec. 3.1.1
? computer-controlled switches are
provided at the output of all receivers
and tuners capable of selecting any
Monitor position or recorder.
System operation begins with the Boardman
operator using the Terminal of the MicroVax
computer to retrieve the proper Boardman file
from the bureau DBMS computer via the DECNET
connection. The operator modifies the schedule,
if required, and assigns specific equipment to the
schedule items. Software assistance is provided
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Concept of Operation
XEROX
NODE LEVEL DESIGN -- LOCAL DISTRIBUTION (LAN)
Classified Net
Comm.
Interface
Mail
Gate-
way
Mail
ervic
Proof
Pr' ter
Proof
Printer
PROD Class-
ified Mail
W/S
I Composition
Composition
Un-
class
ETHERNET
VAX Cluster & RA81 Disk Drives
? Writer's Workbench
? Full-Text Product
? AG Office & Personal Files, Etc.
? DEC Relational DBMS (RDB)
e- Datafusion Text Files
Datafusion
Datafusion
Datafusion
Compressed Text
NS File Server
for In-process Files
APS-5
Typesetter
Figure 2-6 Headquarters Classified Systems Architecture
NODE LEVEL DESIGN -- LOCAL DISTRIBUTION (LAN)
PC for Reading
Contractor's
Floppies/Cassettes
Small VAX Server
Running
Writer's Workbench
NS File Server
for In-process Files
Figure 2-7 JPRS Systems Architecture
in
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?
<
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System Description
XEROX
ROSET
RECORDER
111111COURAII
Rits
RECEIVING
EQUIPMENT
MONITOR
RCIIR
RECORDER
TV
01=???????
CA????????????..,
TUNER
TUNER
MiCROVAA
RECORDER
OECNET
TERMINAL
mee-tas
CONTROLLER
RECEIVER
RECEIVER
OEMOO
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MONITOR
COMM
INTERFACE
UNIT
PRESS
AGENCY
CRUISER
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Figure 2-8 Collection Subsystem
to the operatol in terms of equipment
compatibility and usage inventory. In addition,
software is provided to allow the operator at any
time to examine and modify the schedule or
equipment assignment and to observe and
diagnosis system operations.
2.3 BUREAU MONITOR/EDITOR OPERATIONS
The Field Bureau Monitors and Editors perform
their duties at workstations connected to the
distributed network These workstations provide
each user with his own individual processing
power, personal local storage for working copies
of documents as well as the operational
software, keyboard with functional keys and
pointing device, and bit-mapped CRT display.
Each display screen can be divided up into a
number of separate areas, known as 'windows',
which permit different activities, of the same or
different types, to be performed without
affecting the status of others. In particular, each
workstation provides text/document processing,
message traffic handling, Press Agency display
and processing (if in English), filing/DBMS
storage, and terminal emulation capabilities for
accessing the database host.
The message traffic handling software provides a
Table of Contents, access to individual messages,
and the ability to compose and send messages as
well as to answer and/or forward those in the
TOC. Alerts are provided on the workstation
when there is new mail, urgent message traffic,
or urgent Press Agency copy. English Press
Agency copy can be copied directly into a
message composition window for immediate
processing and dissemination. The
text/document processing software provides an
Edit Trace capability which allows the user, at his
discretion, to view the changes made since the
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/10/18: CIA-RDP88-00218R000300210001-0
Concept of Operation
XEROX
previous version of the document was created.
Glossaries and oth.er Reference Aids can be
displayed on the, workstation screen, and
extracts of their contents copied into documents
and messages in process.
Shared functionality is provided by means of
Services which are accessed over the distributed
network. Services provided at the Field Bureau
include Mail Service, 'News' Service, Autodin Mail
Gateway, and Print Service in addition to those
services provided by the database. host. The Mail
Service provides a set of mailboxes, one for each
user, from which the message handling software
on the user's workstation retrieves the messages
for that user. The Mail Service also provides some
'well-known' mailboxes which contain shared
traffic (such as drop copy or operational traffic),
and are processed differently from the individual
maiboxes (since messages are not removed from
them by the act of being read).
The 'News' Service provides separate directories
for each Press Agency traffic stream being
captured, which operate very much like the
'well-known' mailboxes. Well-known mailboxes
and News Service directories provide Tables of
Contents to the user who accesses them, and
allow the user to peruse individual items of his
choice. At regular intervals, the traffic in the
well-known mailboxes and News Service
directories is printed to be available for read-in,
and moved to the database, where it is retained
for the required 30-day or 60-day period. This
system provides the capability to capture
character-oriented vernacular Press Agency
traffic, which can be printed on the multi-lingual
Print Service, and displayed (but not edited) on
the workstation screen. The Print Service uses a
laser printer to produce output on plain paper.
The Autodin Mail Gateway provides the network
interface to the Bureau communications system,
for both incoming and outgoing message traffic.
The only network user to access the Autodin Mail
Gateway directly is the Communications
Operator. That part of the system is covered in
section 2.5 of this Concept of Operation. For all
other users (and for the Communications
Operator, when he is sending messages as
opposed to controlling the queues), the Autodin
Mail Gateway is accessed using the Mail Service,
which performs.its interactions with the Gateway
in a manner which is totally transparent to the
user.
2.4 BUREAU DATA BASE OPERATIONS
The bureau data base is divided into two types of
data, structured data and unstructured textual
data. There are two corresponding data base
management systems.
VAX Rdb/VMS (from Digital Equipment
Corporation), a relational data base
management system, is used to maintain the
structured data. Structured data are such things
as inventory, personnel and cruising and they
generally involve the daily operations of the field
bureaus.
BASIS (from Battelle Corporation), a data base
management system that is optimized to process
text, is used to maintain the loosely structured
text. Loosely structured text are such things as
incomming and outgoing messages, program
summaries and English language press agency.
They are kept for 30 or 60 days and then are
purged.
Interfaces to the data bases are handled through
several system components
The data base icon on the workstation is
used to transfer documents to BASIS.
Query, report writing and forms control
packages that come with VAX Rdb/VMS
and BASIS are used in the VT100 terminal
emulation window to control the data in
the data bases.
The terminal emulation and file transfer with the
VAX computer are accomplished with EVMS
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?
?
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System Description
XEROX
(from Xerox). EVMS is the hardware and
software interface between VAX/VMS and Xerox
products running the XNS (Xerox Network
System) protocols.
2.5 Bureau Communications
Facility for bureau communications is provided
by the following system components shown in
Figure 2-3:
? Com mo Workstation,
? Autodin Mail Gateway, and
? Autodin Interface.
All outgoing traffic is routed to the Commo
Workstation from the Slot Editor. The Commo
Operator checks the format, adds additional
header information as necessary and forwards
the traffic to the Autodin Mail Gateway.
The Autodin Mail Gateway is a stand-alone
server on the local network. It receives all
outgoing traffic from the Commo Workstation
and provides the queueing, precedence
handling, error checking, logging and filing
functions. After completion of processing,
outgoing traffic is released to the Autodin
Interface for transmission. In addition, the
Gateway receives all incoming traffic from the
Autodin Interface. Again, the functions of
queueing, precedence handling, error checking,
logging and filing are provided for the incoming
traffic. The incoming traffic is then routed to the
appropriate mailbox and alerts issued if
indicated by precedence. Note that Commo
Operator intervention is not required for
incoming traffic.
The Autodin Interface serves as the bridge
between the generic form of the traffic within
the local network and the specific protocols of
the various communications links. Autodin
Modes I and V, DOS Comsat, DTS, DCS and Telex
protocols are provided.
2.6 HEADQUARTERS UNCLASSIFIED PRO-
CESSING AND COMPOSITION
The users of the FBIS Headquarters Unclassified
system perform their duties at workstations
connected to the distributed network. These
workstations have the same hardware
configuration and user interface as the
workstations at the Bureaus. Some of the
workstations have document composition
capabilities. Others provide multi-lingual text
entry and editing and document processing.
The message traffic handling software provides a
Table of Contents, access to individual messages,
and the ability to compose and send messages as
well as to answer and/or forward those in the
TOC. Alerts are provided on the workstation
when there is new mail, or urgent message
traffic. The text/document processing software
provides an Edit Trace capability which allows the
user, at his discretion, to view the changes made
since the previous version of the document was
created. Glossaries and other Reference Aids can
be displayed on the Workstation screen, and
extracts of their contents copied into documents
and messages in process.
Shared functionality is provided by means of
Services which are accessed over the distributed
network. Services provided on the Headquarters
Unclassified system include Mail Service, Autodin
Mail Gateway, FBIS Wire Service Gateway, Print
Service, File Service, 'Typesetter' Print Service,
and Writer's Workbench, in addition to those
services provided by the database host. The Mail
Service provides a set of mailboxes, one for each
user, from which the message handling software
on the user's workstation retrieves the messages
for that user. The Mail Service also provides some
'well-known' mailboxes which contain .shared
traffic (such as publishable messages or
operational traffic), and are processed differently
from.the individual maiboxes (since messages are
not removed from them by the act of being
read). Well-known mailboxes provide Tables of
fl
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Concept of Operation
XEROX
Contents to the user who accesses them, and
allow the user to peruse individual items of his
choice. At regular intervals, the traffic in the
well-known mailboxes is printed to be available
for read-in, and moved to the database. The
Print Service uses a laser printer to produce
output on plain paper. Some of the Print Services
have multi-lingual capability.
The Autodin Mail Gateway provides the network
interface to the Bureau communications system,
for both incoming and outgoing message traffic.
The only network user to access the Autodin Mail
Gateway directly is the Communications
Operator. That part of the system is covered in
section 2.9 of this Concept of Operation. For all
other users (and for the Communications
Operator, when be is sending messages as
opposed to controlling the queues), the Autodin
Mail Gateway is accessed using the Mail Service,
which performs its interactions with the Gateway
in a manner which is totally transparent to the
user.
The FBIS Wire Service Gateway provides the
network interface to the FB1S Wire Service, for
outgoing wire traffic. The FBIS Wire Service
Gateway is accessed using the Mail Service, which
performs its interactions with the Gateway in a
manner which is totally transparent to the user.
The only time the Wire Service Gateway is
accessed directly is for controlling the queue.
That part of the system is covered in section 2.9
of this Concept of Operation.
The File Service is provided for use by the
workstation composition software, in its
document management activities. Files stored on
the File Service constitute work in-process only.
During the editing and review process, the
syntax, etc. of document content may be checked
by sending the document to the Writer's
Workbench Service, which processes the text and
returns the document and the analysis to the.
workstation. Completed composed documents
are sent to the phototypesetter by means of the
'Typesetter' Print Service, which is a specially
modified version of the Print Service, connected
to a local or remote phototypesetter, rather than
a laser printer.
A one-way Mail Gateway allows messages and
documents to be sent from the Unclassified
system to the Classified system.
2.7 HEADQUARTERS CLASSIFIED PROCESSING
AND COMPOSITION
The users of the FBIS Headquarters Classified
system perform their duties at Tempest-proofed
workstations connected to the Classified
network. Each workstation provides text/docu-
ment processing, message traffic handling,
filing/DBMS storage, and terminal emulation
capabilities for accessing the database host.
Some of the workstations have document
composition capabilities. A specific workstation is
designated for the creation of floppy disks for
the transfer of sanitized (i.e. Unclassified)
versions of Classified reports to the Unclassified
system.
Message traffic is handled in the same way as on
the unclassified system, except that the classified
user has access to both classified and unclassified
mesages.
Shared functionality is provided by means of
Services which are accessed over the distributed
network. Services provided on the Headquarters
Classified system include Mail Service, Print
Service, File Service, 'Typesetter' Print Service,
and Writer's Workbench, in addition to those
services provided by the database h6st. A one-
way Mail Gateway allows messages and
documents to be received by the Classified
system from the Unclassified system. The Mail
Service provides a set of mailboxes, one for each
user, from which the message handling software
on the user's workstation retrieves the messages
for that user. The Print Service uses a laser printer
to produce output on plain paper. Document
check using Writer's Workbench, document
14
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LJ
r
I
r
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System Description
XEROX
composition and interface to the phototype-
setter are the same as described for the
unclassified system.
2.8 HEADQUARTERS DATA BASE OPERATIONS
The headquarters data base is divided into two
types of data, structured data and loosely
structured textual data. There are two
corresponding data base management systems.
Two significant differences between the
headquarters and the field bureaus are the size
of the loosely structured data base and the
number of users of the data bases.
VAX RdbNMS (from Digital Equipment
Corporation), a relational data base
management system, is used to maintain
the structured data. Structured data are
such things as Contract Status Orders
(CSO), inventory, personnel and cruising
and they generally involve the daily
operations of the headquarters and the
field bureaus. ?
The Text Search Processor (from
Datafusion Corporation) is used to
maintain the loosely structured text.
Loosely structured text includes the daily
reports, AG reports and JPRS reports. The
TSP (Text Search Processor) is optimized
to do text search operations.
A number of TSPs, depending on the size
of the data base, are attached to the
Ethernet. Each TSP is responsible for
searching its own part of the data base.
The TSPs are coordinated from the host
VAX, which in our case is a VAX Cluster.
The host maintains a dictionary that is
used for compression of text; it also
maintains the uncompressed text files.
Compressed versions of the text are
stored in the TSPs. A TSP can conduct
rapid searches of compressed text; about
5 minutes is required for a 300 Megabyte
search. The architecture of the system is
1C
such that regardless of the size of the
data base, a search is completed in 5
minutes. This is because all TSPs work in
parallel and all the disks on a TSP are read
in parallel.
The architecture is illustrated in fig-
ure 2-9.
Interfaces to the data bases are handled through
several system components
The data base icon' on the workstation is
being developed to transfer do.cuments
to the Text Search Machine.
Query, report writing and forms control
packages that come with VAX Rdb/VMS
are used in the VT100 terminal emulation
window to control the data in the
structured data bases.
Custom software is being developed to
enhance the query and report writing
capabilities of the text search machines.
The terminal emulation and file transfer with the
VAX computer are accomplished with EVMS
(from Xerox). EVMS is the hardware and
software interface between VAX/VMS and Xerox
products running the XNS (Xerox Network
System) protocols.
2.9 HEADQUARTERS COMMUNICATIONS
Facility for headquarters communications is
provided by the following system components
(Refer to "HQ Unclassified Systems Architecture",
Figures 2-4 and 2-5.)
? Commo Workstation
? Wire Service Workstations
? Autodin Mail Gateway
? Autodin Interface.
Operation of the Wire Service is controlled by the
Wire Service Editors using their workstations to
select material for distribution to the consumers.
Once selected, material is sent electronically via
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:
1?.!
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Functional Interfaces
XEROX
SECTION 3
FUNCTIONAL INTERFACES
3.1 INTERNAL INTERFACES
3.1.1 Bureau Workstation--Collection Control
Control of the collection subsystem is exercised
through the use of four workstation interfaces:
? Monitor workstation receiver control
interface,
? Boardman operator shedule control
interface,
? Cruiser DBMS interface, and
? Boardman DBMS interface.
3.1.1.1 Monitor Workstation Receiver Control
Interface
Display and control of the receiver parameters,
e.g. frequency, gain, bandwidth, etc., is provided
through a special window on the Monitor's
workstation. An illustrative example of the
window is shown in Figure 3-1 As can be seen,
control of all receiver parameters is provided.
Note that the equipment selection, such as
antenna and receiver, can be changed by the
Monitor only with Boardman operator
concurrence to avoid conflicts in the assignment
of resources.
To change a parameter the Monitor moves the
cursor with the mouse to the desired value and
"clicks" the mouse button. The value selected
will immediately change on the display from
black-on-white to black-on-gray to indicate that
new value has been recognized and is in the
process of being changed. The previously
selected value will remain shown as white-on-
black to indicate that this is the value being used
by the system in operation. When the system has
in fact been changed to the new value, the
occurrence will be confirmed to the Monitor by
changing the black-on-gray displayed value to
white-on-black and the previously selected
white-on-black value will be changed to black-
on-white as are the other non-selected values.
When a new value is selected, or other action
requested, the Monitor's workstation sends a
message over the net to the DBMS-VAX where
after appropriate format conversion it is
forwarded via the DECNET connection to the
Boardman system in the Radio room (or remote
site). The Boadman computer receives the
request and issues a command via the IEEE-488
bus to the correct receiver to change the value.
When confirmation is received from the receiver
the Boardman computer updates its parameter
file and sends a confirmation message back to
the Monitor workstation via the DBMS-VAX.
Upon receipt of the confirmation message the
Monitor workstation updates the screen display
to indicate that the requested action has been
completed.
3.1.1.2 Boardman Operator Schedule Control
Interface
Scheduling of the collection equipment, i.e.,
antennas, receivers, recorders, etc., is controlled
by the Boardman computer (MicroVAX) in the
Radio room. The operator exercises the control
,by interacting with the Boardman computer
terminal which has special screen displays?
depicting the schedule, resources, network, etc..
System operation begins with ? the Boardman
operator using the Terminal of the MicroVax
computer to retrieve the proper Boardman file
from the bureau DBMS computer via the DECNET
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Concept of Operation
XEROX
Receiver Controller
ANT
3
RCVR
49
14.385 90
MHz
FREQUENCY f
100
1 1 1 1 1 1
100 11.00 ,300 +
1 1 1
AF Ciain
AF Gain
.3 Lig
6 16 kHz
AM FM Ea Lisa Lst
IvIAIAIJAL
FAST
SLOW
158
BFO
ON
OFF
+2.2713
C. 1440 +
I I I I I I
Figure 3-1 Receiver Control
connection. Then, again using the Terminal, the
operator modifies the schedule, if required, and
assigns specific equipment to the schedule items.
Software assistance is provided to the operator in
terms of equipment compatibility and usage
inventory. In addition, software is provided to
allow the operator at any time to examine and
modify the schedule or equipment assignment
and to observe and diagnosis system operations.
When the initial schedule has been obtained
from the DBMS computer and edited, the
subsystem is placed in operation to control the
switching of equipment and the receiver
parameter control. Further modification of the
schedule or resource assignment can be
accomplished .in the background while the
subsystem is continuing operation. New
assignments will be initiated when entry is
complete, or when scheduled, without
interruption of the operation.
3.1.1.3 Cruiser DBMS Interface
Entry of Cruiser data into the DBMS is
accomplished through the use of a special
window on the Cruiser's workstation. The
window will be similar to the one illustrated for
the Monitor's workstation except that it will be
tailored to the entry of data into the DBMS.
Some of the necessary data such as receiver
frequency, date/time, etc. will be retrieved by the
workstation frorn the system and entered into
the form automatically. Other data such as
source, language, etc. will be entered by the
Cruiser into labeled blanks provided in the form.
When the data is complete the Cruiser "bugs"
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1'1
.011
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Functional Interfaces
XEROX
ENTER with the mouse and the data is sent to the
DBMS-VAX for filing. Note that the form is set
up so that key fields may not be omitted; a
warning is issued and transmission is refused.
Likewise, fields that should be numeric, e.g.,
frequency, etc., will forcefully resist the entry of
alphabetic data. This, of course, is a common
characteristic of all of the interface forms.
Editing of the data after entry, but before
transmission to the DBMS, is accomplished using
the mouse-directed INSERT, DELETE, COPY and
MOVE procedures in the standard Star manner.
Editing of data. in the DBMS can only by done by
retrieving the file, editing in the above manner
and re-entering the file into the DBMS. Only
users given "modification" priviledge may
perform this operation and then only on files to
which they have been granted the priviledge.
3.1.1.4 Boardman DBMS Interface
Access to the DBMS by the Boardman operator is
provided through the use of special forms
displayed on the Boardman computer
(MicroVAX) terminal. Operation is quite similar
to the use of the other screen interfaces in that it
is largely a matter of filling out forms. The
operator may recall schedule data for use by the
Boardman computer in scheduling the system
and may also modify existing data in the DBMS.
Entry of the performance data after the schedule
has been exercised is accomplished automatically
by the Boardman computer by unattended
communications with the DBMS-VAX.
3.1.2 Bureau Workstation--Data Base
Operations
The bureau data base operations functional
interfaces are divided into three areas, entering
data, manipulating data and reporting on data.
There are three ways that data is entered into
the data bases:
Data is automatically added to the textual data
base as it is either received or sent by the
communications operator. English language
press agency is also automatically added to the
textual data base.
An editor or other operator at a workstation can
add a document to the textual data base. This is
done by moving icons on the workstation screen.
The icon representing that document is moved to
a new data base icon. This action at the
workstation causes the document to be added to
the data base. and optionally causes a property
sheet to appear on the screen to be filled out. An
example of what such a property sheet might
look like is shown in figure 3-2. Administrators
and others that are interested in entering data to
the structured data bases use a VT100 terminal
emulation window on a workstation. This is a
window that acts just as if it were a VT100
terminal on the VAX computer. Within this
window, the specific Rdb and BASIS utilities that
access the data base will be activated.
In addition to adding data to the data base, there
is .a need to be able to modify and query the data
base after it is already entered.
Icon Name
Data Base Name
File Name in DB
Associated Text
Associated Commands
On Document Transfer
XINHUA
VAX:XINHUA.DB
File Name on Desktop
A
A
Display Options
Figure 3-2. Document Transfer Form
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concept OT uperation
XEROX
The person acting as system administrator of the
data base uses a VT100 terminal emulation
window on a workstation to maintain the data
base. In the terminal emulation window, the
user has access to all the VAX, Rdb and BASIS
utilities. This window is used just as if it were a
VT100 connected to the VAX computer.
The people accessing the structured data bases
have need to query and edit records. This is
accomplished by applications written in the
forms control language of either Rdb or BASIS.
These, applications will run in a VT100 terminal
emulation window on the workstation.There are
also requirements to be able to write reports
based on data in the data bases.
People accessing the structured data bases will
use either DATATRIEVE (from Digital). or the
REPORT module of BASIS (from Battelle). Both of
these modules allow the user to access the data
base and format reports. These applications will
run in a VT100 terminal emulation window on
the workstation.
The workstation communicates with the VAX
throught the Ethernet and the XNS protocols.
The package that implements this interface on
the VAX is EVMS. This package allows the trans-
fer of file between workstations and VAXs and
the emulation of VT100 terminals on the work-
stations. These emulations are indistinguishable
from real terminals by the VAX applications.
To allow for a common user interface to the data
bases, some common "front end" screens will be
developed. These screens will make it appear to
the user that there is only one data base
management system.
3.1.3 Bureau Workstation--Running Summary
The Running Summary interface provides the
means for one monitor to be creating a running
summary of a live speech, while editors and
other monitors can view and use the contents of
the running summary while it is being created.
The multiple window displays for monitors and
editors operating in this mode is shown in Fig-
ure 3-3.
For a given session, a single designated
workstation/user is permitted to write into the
running summary file on a continous basis. Other
workstations/users may view any or all pages of
the running summary file, except the one
currently being written by the designated
workstation/user, but may not write on the file;
full scrolling capabilities must be available to
these users. After the designated user logs-off at
the conclusion of the session, the running
summary file remains until specifically deleted by
the responsible editor. Specifics such as the
identities of the designated user for writing, the
responsible editor for deletion, and the file name
are set up on each occasion prior to starting the
running summary.
Monitors and editors use terminal emulation
windows on their workstations for creating,
viewing, and using the running summary. The
running summary itself is located on the host
computer (on the network) which is also used for
the database and collection control activities. The
workstations appear to the host as if they are
generic TTY-like terminals (e.g. VT100s).
3.1.4 Headquarters Workstation--Data Base
Operations
The headquarters data base operations func-
tional interfaces are also divided into three areas,
entering data, manipulating data and reporting
on data. The differences between the head-
quarters and bureau data base operations and
differences of scale. The system design was
impacted by the size of the database at the
headquarters.
Another difference is that there are security
considerations at the headquarters that do not
exist at the field bureaus. To satisfy the security
considerations, there will be two functionally
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Functional Interfaces
XEROX
Message Composition Window
Message Composition Window
Transcript Viewing Window
Transcript Entry Window
Monitor #1's Workstation
Received Message Window
Message Composition Window
Transcript Viewing Window
Received Message Window
Message Composition Window
Transcript Viewing Window
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Editor's Workstation (b)
Monitor #2's Workstation
Monitor/Editor Screens for Live Speech
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LO1LtL UI L/pCICILII.J11
XEROX
identical systems, one open and one secure. The
same software will run on both systems and the
product data base will be replicated on each
system. The primary difference is the number of
users and the use of the Tempest versions of the
equipment.
There are three ways that data is entered into
the data bases:
Data is automatically added to the textual data
base as it is composed for the photo typesetters.
This means that there is no operator intervention
to get the product into the data base.
An analyst or other operator at a workstation
can add a document to the textual data base.
This is done by moving icons on the workstation
screen. The icon representing that document is
moved to a new data base icon. This action at
the workstation causes the document to be
added to the data base. and optionally causes a
property sheet to appear on the screen to be
filled out. An example of what such a property
sheet might look like is in figure 3-2
The Associated Text field is for entering the
themes and categories for the PASKEY file.
Administrators and others that are interested in
entering data to the structured data bases use a
VT100 terminal emulation window on a
workstation. This is a window that acts just as if
it were a VT100 terminal on the VAX computer.
Within this window, the specific Rdb and
Datafusion utilities that access the data base will
be activated.
In addition to adding data to the data base,
there is a need to be able to modify and query
the data base after it is already entered.
The person acting as system administrator of the
data base uses a VT100 terminal emulation
window on a workstation to maintain the data
base. In the terminal emulation window, the
user has access to all the VAX, Rdb and
Datafusion utilities. This window is used just as if
22
it was a VT100 that was connected' to the VAX
cornputer.
The people accessing the structured data
bases have need to query and edit
records. This is accomplished by
applications written in the forms control
language for the VAX. These
applications will run in a VT100 terminal
emulation window on the workstation.
.There are also requirements to be able to write
reports based on data in the data bases.
People accessing the structured data bases will
use DATATRIEVE (from Digital) to access Rdb
files. Application software will be written to
report on the Datafusion files. Both of these
modules allow the user to access the data base
and format reports. These applications will run
in a VT100 terminal emulation window on the
workstation.
The workstation communicates with the VAX
throught the Ethernet and the XNS protocols.
The package that implements this interface on
the VAX is EVMS. This package allows the
transfer of file between workstations and VAXs
and the emulation of VT100 terminals on the
workstations. These emulations are
indestinguishable from real terminals by the VAX
applications.
To allow for a common user interface to the data
bases, some common "front end" screens will be
developed. These screens will make it appear to
the user that there is only one data base
management system.
3.1.5 Headquarters Workstation--Writer's
Workbench
The Writer's Workbench functions are accessed
from the workstation. Documents that are to
analyzed by the Writer's Workbench are sent to a
special service we are calling the Writer's
Workbench Service. The document is then
analyzed by the Writer's Workbench and the
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6.--1
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Functional Interfaces
XEROX
results are deposited in a file on the Writer's
Workbench Server for the requester to retrieve
at his convenience.
The documents are sent to the Writer's
Workbench Service by copying the document
icon (at the workstation) to the icon
representing the Writer's Workbench Service.
After the document is copied, a window will
appear to allow the requester to fill in the
associated commands. An example of what such
a window might look like is in figure 3-2.
The requester will fill in the associated
commands field to specify what analysis the
Writer's Workbench should do.
3.1.6 Receiver--Communications Interface Unit
(RTTY)
Press Agency traffic in RTTY form is scheduled by
the Boardman computer system in the same
manner as other Monitor reception. The
computer selects the, appropriate antenna for
the receiver, sets the receiver frequency and
other parameters and switches the output of the
receiver to the proper FSK Demod unit. The
Demod units are wired directly to one of the
RS232C ports of the Communications Interface
Units. These ports are associated by means of the
Services software with specific Press Agency
directories on the News Service. Each separate
incoming item is placed in its directory, and
parsed to determine its source, date and time,
and subject slug. These attributes are used to
enter the item into the Table of Contents for that
Press Agency directory.
The operation is entirely computer controlled;
no operator intervention is required other than
the normal Boardman scheduling.
3.2 EXTERNAL INTERFACES
3.2.1 Wire Service
Operation of the Wire Service is controlled by the
Wire Service Editors using their workstations to
select material for distribution to the consumers.
Once selected, material is sent electronically via
the net to the Wire Service Gateway. This
Gateway, running unattended, queues the
outgoing messages for transmission via the
comm interfaces to the proper consumer circuits.
The Wire Service Editor's interface with the
workstation does not involve any special
practices, but rather use of the standard Star
workstation features. Editing, if desired, is
accomplished using the mouse-directed INSERT,
DELETE, COPY and MOVE procedures. Selection
and transmission is accomplished by mouse-
selecting from prepared lists of addr'essees and
actions.
3.2.2 Landline--Communications Interface Unit
(Press Agency)
Both landline and RTTY Press Agency feeds are
connected to RS232C ports on Communications
Interface Units. These ports are associated by
means of the Services software with specific Press
Agency directories on the News Service. Each
separate incoming item is placed in its directory,
and parsed to determine its source, date and
time, and subject slug. These attributes are used
to enter the item into the Table of Contents for
that Press Agency directory.
3.2.3 Bureau Communications Links (Autodin,
etc.)
All outgoing traffic is routed to the Commo
Workstation from the Slot Editor. The Commo
Operator checks the format, adds additional
header information as necessary and forwards
the traffic to the Autodin Mail Gateway.
The Autodin Mail Gateway is a stand-alone server
on the local network. It receives all outgoing
traffic from the Commo Workstation and
provides the queueing, precedence handling,
error checking, logging and filing functions.
After completion of processing outgoing traffic is
released to the Autodin Interface for
transmission. In addition the Gateway receives
all incoming traffic from the Autodin Interface.
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LOT icept ()I kiper d LICH]
XEROX
Again, the functions of queueing, precedence
handling, error checking, logging and filing are
provided for the incoming traffic. The incoming
traffic is then routed to the appropriate mailbox
and alerts issued if indicated by precedence.
Note that Commo Operator intervention is not
required for incoming traffic.
The Autodin Interface serves as the bridge
between the generic form of the traffic within
the local network and the specific protocols of
the various communications links. Autodin
Modes I and V, DOS Comsat, DIS, DCS and Telex
protocols are provided.
Two user interfaces are involved; (1) the Slot
Editor and workstation, and (2) the Commo
Operator and workstation. Use of the Slot Editor
workstation only involves use of the normal Star
editing and mail handling facilities. .The Commo
Operator on the other hand has special forms
associated with that workstation to provide such
capabilities as address-list access, message log
access, etc.. The actual operation however still
involves use of the standard mouse-directed
tools used on all workstations.
3.2.4 Phototypesetter
The phototypesetter interface is provided by
means of the communications port on a
specialized version of the network Print Service.
If the typesetter is co-located with the "Type-
setter" Print Server, a simple RS232C connection
is required. A remotely located typesetter is
interfaced using Modems and a communications
link between the communications ports. (If the
distance is less than 15 miles, and a dedicated
circuit is used, Line-Drivers can be used in place of
Modems.)
On the workstation, the document to be typeset
is converted into standard print-file format, just
as if it were to be sent to a standard network
printer. On a standard network Print Service
(such as is used for producing proof copy), the
print-file format is decomposed and turned into
instructions for the laser printer. On the
"Typesetter" Print Service, the print-file format is
decomposed, and turned into instructions for the
typesetter, including insertion of all necessary
typesetter composition codes. The procedure at
the workstation is identical in each case; the user
never has to enter any explicit typesetter
composition codes into the document.
A special requirement of using a
phototypesetter, which is transparent to the user
at the workstation, is that the software on the
workstation which produces the print-file must
have access to the character metrics (such as
widths) of the fonts used on the particular
phototypesetter which is interfaced to the
"Typesetter" Print Server. This is taken care of
during the workstation installation process.
24
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Process Flows
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SECTION 4
PROCESS FLOWS
4.1 FBIS OVERALL OPERATIONS
This section of the Concept of Operations
graphically shows the logical processes which will
occur within the modernized, areas of FBIS using
the Structured Systems Analysis technique of
Data Flow Diagrams. (The term Data Flow
Diagrams does not imply that the technique is
useful only for computer operations: they serve
very nicely for documenting existing paper-
based operations, as well as those of systems
which are computer-assisted, but depend largely
on people for their overall operation.)
Figure 4-1 shows the 'Level 0' Data Flow Diagram
of the area of FBIS covered in this narrative. It
serves to show the general flow of information
through FBIS, from collection to publication, as
well as to show the information and published
product flows from one Group to another within
FBIS. This Level 0 diagram serves to provide a
context for the Level 1 diagrams which follow,
and to show how the Level 1 diagrams tie
together.
4.2 FIELD BUREAU OPERATIONS
The FBIS Field Bureaus collect the raw data from
foreign broadcasts, press agency transmissions,
and publications, review the material for its
publishability, produce summaries and transla-
tions (where applicable) of selected materials,
and transmit the resulting summaries and
translations to FBIS Headquarters and other
interested parties. This process is shown in the
Field Bureau Data Flow Diagram, Figure 4-2..
Collection of Radio and TV Broadcast informa-
tion is governed by the listing of scheduled times
and frequencies contained in the Boardman File.
Publications are received according to the listings
in the subscription file. Broadcast data is
monitored as it is being received, and recorded
on magnetic tape for. later possible translation
and temporary retention. All such cap.tured
information is distributed, internal to the Field
Bureau, to the appropriate monitors for their
review. In many cases, this "distribution" takes
place a priori, in that the appropriate monitors
listen to and record the broadcasts.
Character-oriented Press Agency wire transmis-
sions (most of which are now transmitted
digitally) are captured in electronic form, and
stored in specific directories of a 'News Service',
which produces listings of the traffic by date-
and-time, subject heading ('slug'), priority, etc.
Such traffic is available for reading by the
appropriate monitors or editors. Copy is not
removed from the directory on the News Service
by the act of reading or editing it, but remains
for others to peruse. Periodically, the copy is
printed out to be available for read-in, and
moved to the database for its 30 or 60 day.
retention. (A similar approach is used on the Mail
Service for reading and making available
outgoing traffic, drop copy, and administrative
messages.) Ideographic Press Agency copy is
captured in hardcopy form, and monitored in the
printed form, as are the received publications.
Vernacular Press Agency copy can be Monitored
either on the display screen or in printed form, at
the user's discretion. English language copy is
handled directly on the screen by the Editor.
During the news broadcasts, the monitor at his
workstation produces draft (English language)
summaries of the items, which he then forwards
to the editor using electronic mail. The monitor
retains or forwards the sources of these items for
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XEROX
LT:
0
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PlifSS Agency
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26
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(
'
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Process Flows
XEROX
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27
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Figure 4-2. Field Bureau Data Flow Diagram
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/10/18: CIA-RDP88-00218R000300210001-0
k_v; ;Levi. v; vver Liv; I
XEROX
translation, as required. Summaries, and Press
Agency copy which originated in English, are
reviewed on the workstation by an editor. In
determining whether particular items are of
interest for translation, the editor uses the
printed read-in copy and the archives in the
database to review previous summaries and
edited items which have been created at this and
other bureaus. Certain broadcast summaries,
typically of a broadcast review of the day's
editorials, known as "wirefile" are sent out over
the wire to FBIS Headquarters directly, although
the full-text of a wirefile itern may well be
selected for full translation later.
Selected summary items are translated (from the
original source which had been summarized),
with the translation being entered directly onto
,the workstation. Translated items are forwarded
by electronic mail to the editing process, where
they are reviewed for accuracy and quality of
translation, and edited as required. Copy can be
printed at any time for review and discussion.
Selected English Press Agency copy is processed
directly by the editor. After editing the text of
the publishable message, the editor adds
notations as to the precedence, subject area, and
general classes of recipients of the message. He
then forwards the message by electronic mail to
the communications operator, who expands the
suggested recipient lists into actual address
headers for each recipient. A quality control cycle
uses the source and edited materials, along with
an edit trace, for training monitors and editors to
the standards of FBIS. The edit trace shows all
edits which take place between successive
versions of a translation. The edits within this
edit trace can be viewed, or suppressed, at the
user's command.
Completed items are disseminated according to
the requirements of the Lateral Services list, with
all items forwarded over the available
communications links to FBIS Headquarters and
the Lateral Consumers. Outgoing messages go
through a proofing cycle before transmission, at
the same time as the communications operator is
expanding and combining the addressee lists
using the facilities of his workstation. Precedence
management, and control of the outgoing
message queues, takes place by means of the
Autodin Mail Gateway, and operator interaction
as required.
Coverage of live broadcasts of major speeches
requires a somewhat different procedure. Here, a
primary monitor creates a running summary of
the speech (and beginning announcements),
which is written into a transcript file on the host
computer. The transcripts of running summaries
are available for quasi-real time viewing,
scrolling and copying at other workstations. The
editor, viewing the running summary sends out
periodic "FYI" messages to Headquarters,
summarizing what has occurred so far, and
occasionally asks another -monitor who is also
monitoring and recording the speech (and
viewing the running summary) to produce
translations of direct quotes from the speech for
inclusion in the FYIs. At the conclusion of the
speech, the editor sends his "processing plan" in
the final FYI. The full-text of the speech is then
translated, with important items done first as
"out-of-turn' takes", and the rest following later,
and all of it is. sent out to Headquarters and the
usual sets of Lateral Consumers. When
everything is processed, the running summary is
moved to the database for temporary retention.
4.3 FIELD BUREAU ADMINISTRATION
Field Bureau administration personnel have word
processing and database access capabilities
provided at workstations on the same network as
the monitors and editors. The database query
and report generation software provides most of
the functionality needed for Bureau admin-
istration purposes.
28
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r ?
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Process Flows
XEROX
4.4 AUTOMATIC DISSEMINATION
Incoming copy from the Field Bureaus, Opera-
tional message traffic to and from the Field
Bureaus, and outgoing copy to FBIS Wire con-
sumers of the FBIS product all pass through the
Wire Service. Incoming copy which is intended
for the Daily Report (as well as possible forward-
ing to Wire Service consumers) is forwarded
directly into the Daily Report operation. (In fact,
all publishable messages go to the Wire Service,
the Daily Report, and the Analysis Group.)
4.5 FBIS WIRE SERVICES
Incoming traffic from the Autodin system is
stored for the record, and sorted according to its
Precedence setting into Routine, Priority,
Immediate, and Flash queues. An editor sifts
through the messages in the queues, according
to priority, and sorts them into a number of
categories, as shown on the Wire Service Data
Flow Diagram, figure 4-3. Messages which are
deemed to be of interest to FBIS Wire consumers
are edited, and queued for transmission. A
complete log of all messages transmitted to Wire
Service consumers is also kept.
Operational and administrative messages pass
through an operational editing cycle, along with
such messages originating within FBIS Head-
quarters. These messages are then transmitted to
the appropriate Field Bureaus, as well as stored
for the record and later possible retrieval. Wire
Service and message traffic is printed periodically
to be available for read-in.
4.6 DAILY REPORT
Incoming copy is received from the Field Bureaus
through the Autodin communications network
and other communications links. All copy
intended for one of the eight books is routed
directly to a Mail Service, where it is sorted for
delivery to various groups, as shown on the Daily
Report Data Flow Diagram, figure 4-4. (Incoming
messages tagged "Only" are routed only to the
addressee.)
Copy intended for one of the Daily Report books
is disseminated to the appropriate section. The
Mail Service uses the information which was
placed in the message headers at the Bureaus to
determine the dissemination to this level. Each
section of each of the books of the Daily Report
has its own directory (a "well-known" mailbox)
on the Mail Service. Dissemination beyond the
section level is handled by a workstation user,
who peruses the contents of the well-known
mailbox, and forwards material appropriately.
Copy for a Daily Report book is reviewed by an
Editor to see if it should be published
(immediately or later), if it should be sent to the
Joint Publications Research Service for publish-
ing, or if it should be discarded. Traffic which is
operational in nature is edited (as necessary) and
forwarded to the Wire Service.
Publishable copy is reviewed at the workstation
for each book section, and items are arranged in
publishing sequence. This arrangement takes
place within a "File Folder" for that Book/Sec-
tion/Date. The total length of the items, as shown
in the !kiting of items in the folder, is then used
to estimate the copy depth (page requirements).
When there is too much copy for the available
page capacity, items may either be discarded or
returned to the publishable queue. Publishable
copy is edited according to the FBIS Editorial
Handbook. In the course of editing, a spelling
check is performed on the workstation, and
syntax checking, etc., is performed using a
network service running Writer's Workbench- in
batch mode. Edited items are placed, in the same
arrangement as before, in an appropriately
labeled folder. This folder is then available for
perusal by a senior editor.
Edited copy is reviewed for quality, and revised if
necessary. As a part of this process, successive
versions of the copy, along with an edit trace of
the changes made along the way, are used to
)C1
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Concept of Operation
XEROX
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30
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L_J
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Process Flows
XEROX
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concept 01 uperation
XEROX
provide feedback to the editors as to their
performance, which improves quality control
and assists in the training of new editors. The
edits within this edit trace can be viewed, or
suppressed, at the user's command. Final versions
of the items in a book section are placed in a
final folder, ready for composition of the section
and book.
Composition for each book takes place in
batch/background mode, using the contents of
each section's folder in turn. During composition,
a list of recalcitrant pages which do not fit the
page design criteria is produced. These problem
pages can then be adjusted interactively; re-
composition, if necessary, starts from the point
of the problem, leaving earlier pages untouched.
When the composition Pass is complete, and all
corrections have been made, Tables of Contents
and Indexes are produced. Final edited and
composed books/sections are deposited in the
full-text product database, along with the TOCs
and Indexes.
For typesetting, the folder containing a finished
composed book with its front and back matter is
moved to the "Typesetter Service", where
composed books are automatically converted to
phototypesetter format and delivered to the
phototypesetter electronically. Since this process
takes place using a network service, the
phototypesetter composition codes are never
present in the document(s) on the workstation,
and do not have to be explicitly entered by
anyone.
4.7 PRODUCTION GROUP: AREA DIVISION
The major activity of an Area Division Analyst is
scanning foreign source material, and selecting
items for translation. Usually, these items will be
forwarded to the JPRS Area Section for
processing and translation, but a small fraction
of the material is considered sufficiently timely
that the Area Division Analyst will translate it.
Area Division data flow is shown in Figure
English-language material published in foreign
sources is forwarded directly to the JPRS
Publications Section. All items forwarded to JPRS
are accompanied by a CSO Card. (The acronym
stands for Contract Services Order.) Note that a
physical "Card" is required, even though Con-
tract Service Orders are entered on a workstation
and manipulated in the Management Informa-
tion System portion of the DBMS, since the
source material itself is in hardcopy form at this,
point in the flow. Translated items are key-
boarded on the workstation during translation,
and are thus sent to JPRS in electronic form,
along with a CSO database reference.
Area Division Analysts may be asked to respond
to "ad hoc" translation requests received (by the
Translation Services Staff) from FBIS customers,
where the material to be translated falls in the
particular analyst's field of expertise. These
translation requests are forwarded to the JPRS
Area Section, in the normal manner. Many of
these, and similar, requests are received in
classified messages from agency computers. This
classified message traffic is handled using shared
workstations on the classified system.
Translated items which had been sent in from the
Field as Publishable Material, but which had not
been published in a Daily Report (for a variety of
reasons) are also handled by Production Group.
Daily Report overflow material is received and
processed in electronic form. These items are
already in English, and are thus forwarded
electronically to the JPRS Publications section,
along with a CSO database reference.
Area Division Analysts are also responsible for
producing foreign language glossaries, as aids to
translation, and for evaluating the translations
produced by the Independent Contrators (ICs)
used by the JPRS Area Section to produce most of
the translations. The Independent Contractor
files are handled electronically. The glossaries, or
machine aids to translation, are created and
edited using multi-lingual workstations and
printed using multi-lingual printers. The Data
32
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Process Flows
XEROX
Material for Translation
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Concept of Operation
XEROX
Flow Diagram for these activities is shown in
Figure 4-6.
4.8 'JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE-
AREA SECTION
The JPRS Area Sections are responsible for
estimating the length of source material received
for translation, selecting an IC who is
appropriate for the job and is available (using
the Independent Contractor files in the
Management Information System portion of the
DBMS), and tracking the progress of the
translation after it is sent out to the IC. The Area
Section is responsible for editing translations
which are received back from ICs, and
forwarding edited translations to the JPRS
Publications Section. Completed translations will
be captured electronically, so far as possible;
others will be keyboarded to electronic form.
Edited translations are returned to the IC for
guidance purposes. Within a translation, the
edits from the previous version can be viewed at
the user's command, and will be present in the
version returned to the IC. In the course of
editing, a spelling check is performed on the
workstation, and syntax checking, etc., is
performed using a network service running
Writer's Workbench'. in batch mode.
CSO cards or database references accompany
material in process at all times. Note that a
physical "Card" is required to accompany
material sent to ICs, even though Contract
Service Orders are entered on a workstation and
manipulated in the Management Information
System portion of the DBMS, since the source
material itself is in hardcopy form at this point in
the flow. JPRS Reference Aids are provided to ICs
to assist the translation process. The Data Flow
Diagram for the Area Section is shown in Fig-
ure 4-7.
4.9 JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE-
PUBLICATIONS SECTION
The Publications Section holds the material it
receives until there is sufficient to warrant
publishing one of the many irregular serial
publications produced by JPRS. At that time, the
material is collated into a report, assigned a JPRS
number and date, and composed for publication.
Final versions of the items in a JPRS report are
placed in a final folder, ready for composition of
the publication.
Composition for each report takes place in
batch/background mode, using the contents of
the file folder in turn. During composition, a list
of recalcitrant pages which do not fit the page
design criteria is produced. These problem pages
can then be adjusted interactively; re-
composition, if necessary, starts from the point of
the problem, leaving earlier pages untouched.
When the composition pass is complete, and all
corrections have been made, Tables of Contents
and Indexes are produced. Final edited and
composed reports are deposited in the full-text
product database, along with the TOCs and
Indexes. The bibliographic data pertaining to the
report and its contents is also entered into the
Consolidated Translation Survey's Index to FBIS
and other Government Agencies' Translations,
maintained on the DBMS.
For typesetting, the folder containing a finished
composed report with its front and back matter is
moved to the "Typesetter Service", where
composed reports are automatically converted to
phototypesetter format and delivered to the
phototypesetter electronically. Since this process
takes place using a network service, the
phototypesetter composition codes are never
present in the document(s) on the workstation,
and do not have to be explicitly entered by
anyone. The Data Flow Diagram for the
Publications Section is shown in Figure 4-8.
34
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Process Flows
XEROX
6.12
Source Material
II Foreign Source "Archives"
Indepen-
dent
Contractor's
Translation
Maintain
Foreign
Source
"Archives"
6.13
Completed IC Evaluation
Evaluate
JPRS IC .
Translators
6.14
Maintain
Personal
Files
Personal Files
6.15
Machine
Aids to
Translation
(Multi-lingual
Text Editing)
\..
Other Area
Division
Intelligence
Officers
Dictionaries
Figure 4-6. Area Division Data Flow Diagram--II
4.10 ANALYSIS GROUP
The Analysis Group differs from the rest of FBIS in
some important respects. One is that it handles
classified information, and thus must have a
secure system. Another is that the Analysis Group
looks at long-term trends in information
reporting practices, and thus must make
retrospective searches against files and databases
of reported information and translated
publications, as well as its own previous analyses.
Publishable messages from the Field are received
in electronic form. These are received on the Mail
Service in a "well-known" mailbox, which is
processed by a designated user. Incoming
messages are forwarded to individual Analysts
according to their coverage profile. Published
Daily Reports and JPRS Serials are available to
Glossaries
Analysts electronically in the full-text product
database.
Analysts also receive other source material
according to their coverage profile, including
video tapes of foreign TV broadcasts received
from the field, and all manner of foreign
publications and academic journals. In addition,
classified cable traffic is received and distributed
to analysts through the Mail Service on the
Classified system. Analysts review the, material
received, address queries to the field when
clarification is required, and file selected material
and field responses in their personal files.
Personal files may contain both classified and
unclassified material.
individual analysts review material, create
personal files, and run queries on a copy of the
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Concept of Operation
XEROX
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Figure 4-7. Joint Publications Research Service Data Flow Diagram--Area Section
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Process Flows
XEROX
IPRS Area
Se( non
Edited Translations
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
Hold Copy for
Collate JPRS
Assign JPRS
Transmit to
Publishable
Articles into
Number and
P&PD, the
Ambunt Of
Reports
Date, and add
Full-Text
?4-
Material
and
Conipose
to Cove; Sheet
Data Base,
and CTS
Material in English
Area
Division
8.5
Full-Text
Product
Data Base
Transmit to
Consoli-
dated
Translation
Survey
86
Maintain
Index of Items
Translated
from Foreign
Publications
Print and
Distribute
Reports to
Consumers
Bibliographic Citations
Figure 4-8. Joint Publications Research Service Data Flow Diagram--Publications Section, etc.
full-text product database from workstations on
the Classified system. Individual analysts receive
unclassified messages on their workstations on
the Classified system via a one-way flow from the
Unclassified system. Individual analysts send
unclassified messages (e.g. queries to the Field)
using shared workstations on the Unclassified
system. Individual analysts send and receive
classified messages using their workstations on
the Classified system.
The Research Staff processes the incoming
material in a much more structured manner than
the individual Analysts do, dividing the material
up into various categories, such as Authoritative
Statements, or Important Commentaries, and
filing excerpts of the items in one or more of the
Consumer
shared Office Files. These files are maintained on
the DBMS, and contain pointers to the Full-Text
Product Database, to facilitate later searches. A
major activity of the Research Staff is searching
through existing material in the Analysis Group's
various files to locate needed information on
past activity and collected information. All Office
Files maintained by the Research Staff are
unclassified. Research staff review material,
create custom indices, and run queries on the
full-text product database from workstations on
the Unclassified system. Where information is to
be used on the Classified system it is transmitted
in the form of a message via the one-way Mail
Gateway.
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LUIlt.t'pl. VI LIVCrdLIVII
XEROX
Research may take the form of a specific activity
in response to an internal or external query, or
take the form of the on-going analysis
performed by each of the analysts in his assigned
area of coverage. The Full-Text Product
Database, along with the Office Files pointing to
it, form integral parts of these analyses. Analyses
are guided by the analyst's personal files on the
database and knowledge Of the intelligence
community requirements, as well as by specific
requests received through the Liaison and
Requirements Branch. Results of analyses are
published as weekly Trends, or as Analysis reports
where extensive research is required. Individual
analysts create and edit reports on their
workstations on the Classified system. In all cases,
analysis takes place in consultation with the field
bureaus. Consultation with the Field takes place
using shared Unclassified workstations, with the
responses reaching the Classified system by
means of the one-way Mail Gateway.
Analysts produce draft reports, based on the
results of their research. Although an analyst's
understanding of the trends and subject matter
is enhanced by the classified material he receives,
no classified information is incorporated into the
reports he produces. (However, the Reports
themselves, as well as Trends, may be classified to
protect the conclusions which are drawn. Queries
placed against the full-text product database
may similarly be classified, although the material
being queried is itself unclassified. For this
reason, there must be a copy of the full-text
product database accessible from the Classified
system.) More (Unclassified) consultation with
the field bureaus may take place during the
production of a draft report. Completed draft
reports are reviewed by an editor, along with the
analyst's superiors. Revisions are made by the
analysts, and again reviewed, before the report
becomes final. In the course of editing, a spelling
check is performed on the workstation, and
syntax checking, etc., is performed using a
38
network service running Writer's Workbench'. in
batch mode. Final versions of the sections in a
report are placed in a file folder, ready for
composition of the report.
Composition for each report takes place in
batch/background mode, using the contents of
each section in the folder in turn. During
composition, a list of recalcitrant pages which do
not fit the page design criteria is produced.These
problem pages can then be adjusted
interactively; re-composition, if necessary, starts
from .the point of the problem, leaving earlier.
pages untouched. When the composition pass is
complete, and all corrections have been made.,
Tables of Contents and Indexes are produced.
Final edited and composed reports are deposited
in the full-text product database, along with the
TOCs and Indexes.
For typesetting, the folder containing a finished
composed report with its front and back matter is
moved to the "Typesetter Service", where
composed reports are automatically converted to
phototypesetter format and delivered to the
phototypesetter electronically. Since this process
takes place using a network service, the
phototypesetter composition codes are never
present in the document(s) on the workstation,
and do not have to be explicitly entered by
anyone.
Completed reports are sanitized, and manually
transferred to the Unclaissified system for
delivery to the full-text product database and the
Wire Service for transmission to the Field
Bureaus, as well as to Lateral Consumers and
Wire Service Consumers.
4.11 Liaison and Requirements Branch
The Liaison and Requirements Branch (L&RB)
serves as the interface between the operational
groups of FBIS and their customers in the
Intelligence Community and the rest of the U.S.
Government. L&RB uses the Unclassified system
for maintaining and distributing the Lateral
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Process Flows
XEROX
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Loncepi or uperation
XEROX
Services List, which determines the distribution
of publishable messages on the FBIS Wire and
from the Field Bureaus, and the Distribution List,
which determines dissemination of the printed
products of FBIS, when they are completed. The
Lateral Services List is distributed to the Field in
electronic form.
L&RB also evaluates the community needs, and
controlls the Collection and Processing Require-
ments which are levied on the operating groups
of FBIS. Changes in collection requirements can
extend to such matters as setting up a new serial
title for JPRS. The Collection and Processing
Requirements are produced, maintained, and
disseminated using the Classified system. L&RB
produces reports, as directed, to FBIS and higher
levels of management.
4.12 REFERENCE SERVICE
The Reference Service maintains the lists of
Cabinet and Diplomatic officers of the countries
of the world, which are used by every Bureau to
verify the spellings of the names of these people,
when they appear in their translations. These lists
are maintained and distributed electronically to
the Field using the Unclassified system. The
Reference Service also pl'ovides items such as
books and maps to individual Bureaus on
request; Reference Service records for these
transactions, and for general subscription
information, are kept on the DBMS and
processed using the Unclassified system.
The Reference Service is responsible for the
reception and dissemination of classified cables,
using the Classified system, to the various groups
at FBIS Headquarters, when the cables arrive with
only general address information. Cables
addressed to individuals will be delivered directly
to that individual's mailbox on the Classified
system
4.13 HEADQUARTERS COLLECTION SUPPORT
Headquarters Collection support is provided by
the Monitoring Operations Division (MOD) of
Operations Group. This group provides the
clearinghouse for all broadcast coverage data
developed by the cruising activities of the Field
Bureaus, producing a worldwide list of
broadcasting, .press agency, and publications
activity. This is then combined with the coverage
requirements developed at headquarters to
produce the Coverage Schedule, showing the
specific coverage responsibilities of each Bureau.
This schedule is maintained on the DBMS. MOD
also provides technical assistance regarding
'collection activities at the Bureaus. Exchange of
information with the Field takes place using the
Unclassified system and the normal message
traffic.
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